{ "version": "https://jsonfeed.org/version/1.1", "title": "Towards Freedom", "description": "Recent content on Towards Freedom", "home_page_url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/", "feed_url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/index.json", "language": "en-us", "items": [ { "title": "KDE", "date_published": "2026-07-26T17:33:47-07:00", "date_modified": "2026-07-26T17:33:47-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/kde/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/kde/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eVarious KDE matters are presented here.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"plasma-global-shortcuts-reference\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePlasma Global Shortcuts Reference \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#plasma-global-shortcuts-reference\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom ~/.config/kglobalshortcutsrc arranged nicely by Qwen AI.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"-activities\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ešŸ—‚ļø Activities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#-activities\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eAction\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eShortcut\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch to activity \u0026ldquo;Action\u0026rdquo;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Shift+A\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch to activity \u0026ldquo;Clj\u0026rdquo;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Shift+J\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch to activity \u0026ldquo;Dac\u0026rdquo;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Shift+E\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch to activity \u0026ldquo;Invest\u0026rdquo;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Shift+C\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch to activity \u0026ldquo;Music\u0026rdquo;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Shift+M\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch to activity \u0026ldquo;NamItAll\u0026rdquo;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Shift+B\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch to activity \u0026ldquo;R1\u0026rdquo;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Shift+Num+End\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch to activity \u0026ldquo;R2\u0026rdquo;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Shift+Num+Down\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch to activity \u0026ldquo;Tweak\u0026rdquo;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Shift+Y\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch to activity \u0026ldquo;Zsh\u0026rdquo;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Shift+N\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch to activity \u0026ldquo;Pnars\u0026rdquo;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Shift+L\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"-application-launchers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ešŸš€ Application Launchers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#-application-launchers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eApplication\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eShortcut\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eDolphin (File Manager)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eCtrl+Shift+Return\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eEmacs\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+.\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eEmacs Client\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Return\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eFalkon (Browser)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Alt+U\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eFirefox ESR\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Alt+Return\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eFoot (Terminal)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Z\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eKCalc (Calculator)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Alt+T\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eCalculator\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eScreen Capture Script\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Shift+Return\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"-window-management-kwin\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ešŸŖŸ Window Management (KWin) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#-window-management-kwin\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eAction\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eShortcut\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eActivate Window Demanding Attention\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+A\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eClose Window\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eAlt+F4\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eDisable Active Input Capture\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Shift+Esc\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eKill Window\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Esc\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMaximize Window\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+PgUp\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMinimize Window\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+PgDown\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMinimize All Windows\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Shift+D\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMove Mouse to Center\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+F6\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMove Window to Next Screen\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Shift+Right\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMove Window to Previous Screen\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Shift+Left\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eQuick Tile Window (Bottom/Left/Right/Top)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Down\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eLeft\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eRight\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eUp\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eWindow Operations Menu\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eAlt+F3\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eZoom In / Out / Actual Size\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta++\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eMeta+-\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eMeta+0\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"-tiling--zones-krohnkite--kzones\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ešŸ§± Tiling \u0026amp; Zones (Krohnkite \u0026amp; KZones) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#-tiling--zones-krohnkite--kzones\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eAction\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eShortcut\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKZones\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eActivate layout 1 through 9\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Num+1\u003c/code\u003e to \u003ccode\u003eMeta+Num+9\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eCycle layouts (Forward/Reverse)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eCtrl+Alt+D\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eCtrl+Alt+Shift+D\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMove window to next/prev zone\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eCtrl+Alt+Right\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eCtrl+Alt+Left\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMove window to zone 1 through 9\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eCtrl+Alt+Num+1\u003c/code\u003e to \u003ccode\u003eCtrl+Alt+Num+9\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSnap active / all windows\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Shift+Space\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eMeta+Space\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch window in current zone\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eCtrl+Alt+Up\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eCtrl+Alt+Down\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eToggle zone overlay\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eCtrl+Alt+C\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKrohnkite\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eFocus Down/Left/Prev/Right/Up\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+J\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eH\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003e\\\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eK\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eGrow/Shrink Height \u0026amp; Width\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+J/K/H/L\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eIncrease/Decrease Size\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+I\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMove Window Down/Left/Right/Up\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Shift+J\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eH\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eL\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eK\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eNext / Previous Layout\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+\\\u003c/code\u003e / `Meta+\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eToggle Float / Float All\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+F\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eMeta+Shift+F\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMonocle Layout\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+M\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"-desktop--workspace-navigation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ešŸ–„ļø Desktop \u0026amp; Workspace Navigation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#-desktop--workspace-navigation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eAction\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eShortcut\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eShow Activity Switcher\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Q\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eWalk through activities (Forward/Reverse)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+;\u003c/code\u003e (or \u003ccode\u003eMeta+Tab\u003c/code\u003e) / \u003ccode\u003eMeta+Shift+A\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch Desktop (Down/Up/Left/Right)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Down\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eUp\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eLeft\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eRight\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch Desktop Left/Right (Alt)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ins\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eMeta+Del\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch to Desktop 1 through 6\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eCtrl+F1\u003c/code\u003e through \u003ccode\u003eCtrl+F6\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMove Window to Desktop (Down/Up/Left/Right)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+Shift+Down\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eUp\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eLeft\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eRight\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eToggle Desktop Grid\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+F8\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eToggle Overview\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+W\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003ePeek at Desktop (Show Desktop)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+D\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003ePresent Windows (Current/All/Class)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eCtrl+F9\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eCtrl+F10\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eCtrl+F7\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"-window-switching--navigation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eāŒØļø Window Switching \u0026amp; Navigation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#-window-switching--navigation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eAction\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eShortcut\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch to Window (Down/Left/Right/Up)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Alt+Down\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eLeft\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eRight\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eUp\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eWalk Through Windows (Forward/Reverse)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eAlt+Tab\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eAlt+Shift+Tab\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eWalk Through Windows of Current App\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eAlt+`` / \u003c/code\u003eAlt+~`\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"-audio-media--power\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ešŸ”Š Audio, Media \u0026amp; Power \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#-audio-media--power\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eAction\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eShortcut\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAudio \u0026amp; Media\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eDecrease/Increase Volume (Small)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eShift+Volume Down\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eShift+Volume Up\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eDecrease/Increase Volume\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eVolume Down\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eVolume Up\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMute Microphone\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMicrophone Mute\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eMeta+Volume Mute\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMute Volume\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eVolume Mute\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMedia Next/Previous/Play/Pause/Stop\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMedia Next\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003ePrevious\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003ePlay\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eStop\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePower \u0026amp; Hardware\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eDecrease/Increase Screen Brightness\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMonitor Brightness Down\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eUp\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eDecrease/Increase Brightness (Small)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eShift+Monitor Brightness Down\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eUp\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eHibernate / Suspend / Power Off\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eHibernate\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eSleep\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003ePower Off\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSwitch Power Profile\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eBattery\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eMeta+B\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eToggle Keyboard Backlight\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eKeyboard Light On/Off\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"-touchpad-tablet--system\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ešŸ–±ļø Touchpad, Tablet \u0026amp; System \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#-touchpad-tablet--system\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eAction\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eShortcut\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTouchpad\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eDisable / Enable / Toggle Touchpad\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eTouchpad Off\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eTouchpad On\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eTouchpad Toggle\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWacom Tablet\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMap to fullscreen / screen 1 / screen 2\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+F\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003e1\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003e2\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eNext / Previous Profile\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+N\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+P\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eToggle screen map selection\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+M\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eToggle stylus mode / touch tool\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+S\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eMeta+Ctrl+T\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSystem \u0026amp; Plasma\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eActivate Application Launcher\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eAlt+F1\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eActivate Task Manager Entry 1 through 9\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+1\u003c/code\u003e through \u003ccode\u003eMeta+9\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eLock Session\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+L\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eScreensaver\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eShow Clipboard Items at Mouse Pos\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+V\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eShow Logout Screen\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eCtrl+Alt+Del\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eStop Current Activity\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+S\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eSuspend Compositing\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eAlt+Shift+F12\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eToggle Screen Reader\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eMeta+Alt+S\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eOpen/Retract Yakuake\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eF12\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e" }, { "title": "New Approach Methodologies", "date_published": "2026-03-24T15:24:28-07:00", "date_modified": "2026-03-24T15:24:28-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/technology/new-approach-methodologies/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/technology/new-approach-methodologies/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is a webpage compiled from comprehensive reports by Perplexity, Gemini, Mistral AIs, as well as a NAM summary by Dr. Zheng Tan on validated medical developments as of \u0026lt;2026-03-24 Tue\u0026gt;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"preamble\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePreamble \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#preamble\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe discovery items have been compiled and organized by Mistral AI into 7 themes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-Driven Drug Discovery \u0026amp; Repurposing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrgan-on-a-Chip \u0026amp; Microphysiological Systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHuman Organoids \u0026amp; Organoid-Based Models\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn Silico Modeling, PBPK, and Computational Methods\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh-Throughput \u0026amp; Omics-Based Approaches\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eToxicology \u0026amp; Safety Assessment via NAMs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegulatory \u0026amp; Industry Adoption of NAMs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach item is presented in a consistent format:\u003cbr\u003e\nDiscovery\u003cbr\u003e\nValidation\u003cbr\u003e\nImpact\u003cbr\u003e\nReferences\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA summary table and conclusion are provided at the end of this webpage.Please note that the term NAM is used to cover a wide range of items including those that can be said to be NAM-enabling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are the AI reports:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"./NAM-gemini.pdf\"\u003eNAM-gemini.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"./NAM-mistral.pdf\"\u003eNAM-mistral.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"NAM-perplexity.pdf\"\u003eNAM-perplexity.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is the \u003ca href=\"./NAM-summary-tan.pdf\"\u003eNAM summary\u003c/a\u003e document kindly created by Dr. Zheng Tan which contains additional insights for several items such as:\u003cbr\u003e\nDevelopment Team\u003cbr\u003e\nCountry\u003cbr\u003e\nSignificance of NAM discovery\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe graphic was generated by Mistral and represents a microscopic view of organoid and NAM technology.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"introduction\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIntroduction \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#introduction\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNew Approach Methodologies (NAMs) represent a paradigm shift in biomedical research and drug development, replacing or supplementing traditional animal testing with human-relevant, in vitro, in silico, and in chemico technologies. This report synthesizes \u003cstrong\u003epeer-reviewed, validated medical discoveries\u003c/strong\u003e enabled by NAMs, organized thematically to highlight their scientific, clinical, and regulatory impact.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"1-ai-driven-drug-discovery--repurposing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1. AI-Driven Drug Discovery \u0026amp; Repurposing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1-ai-driven-drug-discovery--repurposing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArtificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are revolutionizing drug discovery by analyzing vast datasets to identify novel drug candidates, predict drug responses, and repurpose existing drugs for new therapeutic uses. This section highlights groundbreaking discoveries where AI-driven approaches have accelerated drug development timelines, reduced reliance on animal testing, and provided actionable insights for treating complex diseases such as COVID-19, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and neurodegenerative disorders.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"11-ai-powered-drug-repurposing-for-covid-19\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.1 AI-Powered Drug Repurposing for COVID-19 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#11-ai-powered-drug-repurposing-for-covid-19\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: The JAK inhibitor \u003cstrong\u003ebaricitinib\u003c/strong\u003e (originally approved for rheumatoid arthritis) was identified as a potential COVID-19 therapy using an AI-driven in silico NAM. The model predicted its ability to block SARS-CoV-2 infection and modulate cytokine signaling pathways.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Subsequent clinical trials confirmed that baricitinib, when added to standard care, reduced mortality and improved outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Demonstrated the power of AI-driven drug repurposing for pandemic response.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.criver.com/eureka/can-new-approach-methodologies-de-risk-drug-development\"\u003eCan New Approach Methodologies De-Risk Drug Development?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"12-ai-designed-novel-drug-candidate-for-idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.2 AI-Designed Novel Drug Candidate for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#12-ai-designed-novel-drug-candidate-for-idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003cstrong\u003eInsilico Medicine\u0026rsquo;s AI platform\u003c/strong\u003e designed a novel drug candidate for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in just 18 months, integrating multimodal omics data (single-cell transcriptomics, proteomics) with deep generative models and graph neural networks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: The candidate advanced to \u003cstrong\u003ePhase II clinical trials\u003c/strong\u003e, showcasing AIā€™s ability to accelerate drug discovery timelines.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Reduced reliance on animal testing and shortened the drug development pipeline.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/10/1536\"\u003eFrom AI-Assisted In Silico Computational Design to Preclinical In Vivo Models\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"13-topiramate-for-inflammatory-bowel-disease-ibd\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.3 Topiramate for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#13-topiramate-for-inflammatory-bowel-disease-ibd\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Transcriptomic reversal scoring and network pharmacology identified \u003cstrong\u003etopiramate\u003c/strong\u003e as a candidate for IBD by predicting its ability to reverse disease-specific expression profiles.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Further preclinical and clinical studies are ongoing to validate its efficacy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Demonstrated the potential of AI-driven repurposing for complex diseases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12535746/\"\u003eFrom Lab to Clinic: Success Stories of Repurposed Drugs in Treating Major\nDiseases \u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"14-drug-repurposing-for-neurodegenerative-disorders\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.4 Drug Repurposing for Neurodegenerative Disorders \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#14-drug-repurposing-for-neurodegenerative-disorders\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: High-throughput screening (HTS) identified compounds capable of disrupting \u003cstrong\u003e14-3-3 protein interactions\u003c/strong\u003e, offering potential treatments for \u003cstrong\u003eAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: AI integrating advanced computational techniques is overcoming the limitations of conventional HTS which are primarily huge volume of compounds and bio-interaction complexities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Provided new therapeutic avenues for neurodegenerative diseases with unmet medical needs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://oxfordglobal.com/discovery-development/resources/ai-driven-high-throughput-screening-for-targeted-drug-discovery\"\u003eAI-driven High Throughput Screening for Targeted Drug Discovery\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://focus.gbo.com/blog/hts/how-ai-contributes-to-make-high-throughput-screening-more-efficient\"\u003eHow AI Contributes to make High-Throughput Screening more Efficien\u003c/a\u003et, [New Approach Methodologies Facilitating Drug Discovery](\u003ca href=\"https://www.biotechniques.com/drug-discovery-development/if-sart-nams-an-e\"\u003ehttps://www.biotechniques.com/drug-discovery-development/if-sart-nams-an-e\u003c/a\u003e\nxciting-era-for-drug-discovery_sartorius/)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"15-corefinder-ai-driven-discovery-of-biosynthetic-gene-clusters\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.5 CoreFinder: AI-Driven Discovery of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#15-corefinder-ai-driven-discovery-of-biosynthetic-gene-clusters\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: The \u003cstrong\u003eCoreFinder system\u003c/strong\u003e, a transformer-based model, predicted biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) functions in fungi, uncovering novel BGCs validated through in vitro fermentation and LC-MS analysis.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Demonstrated the ability of AI to drive valid scientific discoveries independently of traditional experimental paradigms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Unlocked new biosynthetic pathways for pharmaceutical advancement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.04.29.651206v1.full-text\"\u003eDeciphering Biosynthetic Gene Clusters with a Context-aware Protein Language\nModel\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"16-disrupting-tslp-signaling-as-a-treatment-for-atopic-diseases\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.6 Disrupting TSLP Signaling as a Treatment for Atopic Diseases \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#16-disrupting-tslp-signaling-as-a-treatment-for-atopic-diseases\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Identified putative small molecule inhibitors that disrupt TSLPā€“TSLP receptor interactions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Demonstrated efficacy in human cell assays using in vitro human cell-based drug screening for atopic diseases (e.g., atopic dermatitis, asthma), leading to novel treatment options.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Provides a human-relevant alternative to animal models for drug discovery in inflammatory skin diseases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38877290/\"\u003eDisrupting TSLP-TSLP receptor interactions via putative small molecule inhibitors yields a novel and efficient treatment option for atopic diseases\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"2-organ-on-a-chip--microphysiological-systems\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2. Organ-on-a-Chip \u0026amp; Microphysiological Systems \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#2-organ-on-a-chip--microphysiological-systems\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOrgan-on-a-chip and microphysiological systems replicate the dynamic, multi-cellular environments of human organs in microfluidic devices, enabling high-fidelity studies of drug effects, disease mechanisms, and toxicity. By mimicking tissue-tissue interfaces, fluid flow, and mechanical forces, these platforms offer human-relevant alternatives to traditional animal models, driving advances in personalized medicine and regulatory-approved drug development tools.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"21-emulate-liver-on-a-chip-identifies-hepatotoxicity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.1 Emulate Liver-on-a-Chip Identifies Hepatotoxicity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#21-emulate-liver-on-a-chip-identifies-hepatotoxicity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: The \u003cstrong\u003eEmulate liver-on-a-chip\u003c/strong\u003e model correctly identified hepatotoxicity in \u003cstrong\u003e87% of drugs\u003c/strong\u003e that had tested as safe in animal models but were later found toxic in humans (see Performance assessment link below).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: The platform recapitulated human-specific metabolic dynamics, including albumin secretion and mechanical stimuli in the extracellular matrix.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Highlighted the superiority of human-relevant microphysiological systems over animal models for predicting drug-induced liver injury (DILI).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8958892/\"\u003eTumor organoids for cancer research and personalized medicine\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43856-022-00209-1\"\u003ePerformance assessment and economic analysis of a human Liver-Chip for predictive toxicology\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scienceadvancement.org/reflections/what-are-nams/\"\u003eWhat are NAMs?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"22-acetaminophen-tylenol-toxicity-mechanism\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.2 Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Toxicity Mechanism \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#22-acetaminophen-tylenol-toxicity-mechanism\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Liver-on-a-chip technology (see 2.1) equipped with nanotechnology-based optoelectronic sensors identified that acetaminophen blocks cellular respiration in minutes at much lower doses than previously believed, revealing an ultraā€‘rapid mitochondrial respiration impairment component not captured in legacy in vivo studies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Sensors placed inside the bionic tissue detected rapid changes in oxygen uptake at much lower doses than previously believed from decades of animal research.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Provides a human-specific explanation for rare off-target effects and skin reactions that traditional animal models failed to capture, transforming safety protocols for one of the world\u0026rsquo;s most common medications.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278691524005829\"\u003eHepatotoxic assessment in a microphysiological system\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scienceadvancement.org/reflections/what-are-nams/\"\u003eWhat are NAMs?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"23-lung-on-a-chip-for-antiviral-efficacy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.3 Lung-on-a-Chip for Antiviral Efficacy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#23-lung-on-a-chip-for-antiviral-efficacy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: A \u003cstrong\u003ehuman lung-on-a-chip\u003c/strong\u003e system (Emulate Bio) tested RNA-based antiviral therapies for influenza, showing significant reduction in viral replication and inflammatory responses with minimal off-target toxicity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Demonstrated efficacy and safety under physiologically relevant conditions (air-liquid interface, dynamic flow).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Provided a human-relevant platform for antiviral drug testing, overcoming limitations of static cultures and animal models.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4839966/\"\u003eLung-On-A-Chip Technologies for Disease Modeling and Drug Development\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pcrm.org/news/innovative-science/human-lung-chip-model-demonstrates-potential-testing-preclinical-influenza\"\u003eHuman Lung-on-a-Chip Model Demonstrates Potential for Testing Preclinical Influenza Therapeutics\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/lab-on-a-chip-technologies/articles/10.3389/frlct.2024.1373029/full\"\u003eRevolutionizing respiratory health research\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"24-lung-on-a-chip-for-tumor-heterogeneity--drug-resistance\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.4 Lung-on-a-Chip for Tumor Heterogeneity \u0026amp; Drug Resistance \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#24-lung-on-a-chip-for-tumor-heterogeneity--drug-resistance\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Microfluidic lung-on-a-chip platforms modeled lung cancer microenvironments, enabling \u003cstrong\u003eLabel-free real-time classification\u003c/strong\u003e of tumor cells at 10,000 cells/second as well as tracking of \u003cstrong\u003edrug-resistant subpopulations\u003c/strong\u003e (e.g., EGFR T790M mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Demonstrated the ability to observe tumor heterogeneity and resistance dynamics in a human-relevant system.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Accelerated the development of targeted therapies and personalized treatment strategies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11157020/\"\u003eProgress and application of lung-on-a-chip for lung cancer\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590049822000121\"\u003eThe potential of lung-on-a-chip as an alternative to animal testing\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12711315/\"\u003eMicrofluidic lung cancer models: Bridging clinical treatment strategies and tumor microenvironment recapitulation\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"25-liver-and-skin-organ-on-a-chip-for-pk-pd-studies\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.5 Liver and Skin Organ-on-a-Chip for PK-PD Studies \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#25-liver-and-skin-organ-on-a-chip-for-pk-pd-studies\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: The \u003cstrong\u003eHUMIMIC Chip2\u003c/strong\u003e integrated liver spheroids and skin models to study pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) relationships under chemical exposure.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Demonstrated the platformā€™s utility for quantifying drug metabolism and toxicity in a human-relevant, multi-organ context.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Supported regulatory acceptance of organ-on-a-chip technologies as drug development tools.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10465229/\"\u003eOrgan-on-a-chip meets artificial intelligence in drug evaluation\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/16/3/155\"\u003eOrgans-on-Chips in Drug Development: Engineering Foundations, Artificial Intelligence, and Clinical Translation\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"26-als-pathogenesis-and-early-biomarkers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.6 ALS Pathogenesis and Early Biomarkers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#26-als-pathogenesis-and-early-biomarkers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Human spinal cord organ-chips integrated with vascular interfaces modeled early sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), uncovering neurofilament dysregulation and synaptic signaling defects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Multi-omics analysis confirmed these molecular changes occur before overt neuron loss, mirroring clinical biomarkers that are difficult to detect in animal models.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Offers a human-relevant platform to study early disease progression and identify therapeutic targets before irreversible nerve damage occurs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.genengnews.com/topics/translational-medicine/organ-chip-als-model-uses-patient-ipscs-to-uncover-early-disease-progression/\"\u003eOrgan-Chip ALS Model Uses Patient iPSCs to Uncover Early Disease Progression\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40562033/\"\u003eAn organ-chip model of sporadic ALS using iPSC\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"27-gabaergic-signaling-in-cancer-invasion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.7 GABAergic Signaling in Cancer Invasion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#27-gabaergic-signaling-in-cancer-invasion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Patient-derived tumor organ-chips proved that tumor-derived GABA acts as a marker of poor prognosis and directly promotes invasion in metastatic colorectal cancer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Interrogating the underlying biology on-chip demonstrated that inhibiting GABA synthesis significantly reduced invasive behavior, capturing patient-specific heterogeneity more faithfully than static cultures.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Establishes a new therapeutic target for colorectal cancer and validates the ability of organ-chips to replicate the complex tumor microenvironment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://emulatebio.com/resources/gabaergic-signaling-contributes-to-tumor-cell-invasion-and-poor-overall-survival-in-colorectal-cancer-publication/\"\u003eGABAergic signaling contributes to tumor cell invasion and poor overall survival in colorectal cancer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"28-cervical-protective-role-in-dysbiosis\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.8 Cervical Protective Role in Dysbiosis \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#28-cervical-protective-role-in-dysbiosis\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Linked Cervix and Vagina Organ-Chips demonstrated that cervical mucus actively modulates vaginal inflammation and protects the epithelium from injury during dysbiosis.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Exposure to cervix-derived mucus on-chip reduced inflammatory responses and altered protein expression profiles, identifying potential new biomarkers for bacterial vaginosis.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Uncovers human-specific protective mechanisms that cannot be studied in animal models, facilitating the discovery of new feminine health therapeutics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://emulatebio.com/resources/cervical-mucus-in-linked-human-cervix-and-vagina-chips-modulates-vaginal-dysbiosis-publication/\"\u003eCervical mucus in linked human Cervix and Vagina Chips modulates vaginal dysbiosis\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"29-lung-on-a-chip-replicates-human-lung-disease-and-drug-responses\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.9 Lung-on-a-Chip Replicates Human Lung Disease and Drug Responses \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#29-lung-on-a-chip-replicates-human-lung-disease-and-drug-responses\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Microfluidic chips lined with human lung cells modeled pulmonary edema, COPD, and drug toxicity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Demonstrating superior predictive value over animal models for lung disease and toxicity, it is recognized by the FDA as a valid testing platform for specific drug submissions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Enabled more accurate modeling of human lung responses to drugs and diseases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1188302\"\u003eReconstituting Organ-Level Lung Functions on a Chip\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.science.org/toc/stm/4/159\"\u003eA Human Disease Model of Drug Toxicityā€“Induced Pulmonary Edema in a Lung-on-a-Chip Microdevice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"210-human-skin-lymphoreticular-model-on-chip-for-inflammatory-skin-diseases\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.10 Human Skin-Lymphoreticular Model-on-Chip for Inflammatory Skin Diseases \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#210-human-skin-lymphoreticular-model-on-chip-for-inflammatory-skin-diseases\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Developed a human-based skin-lymphoreticular model-on-chip emulating inflammatory skin conditions capturing immune-skin interactions on a chip platform.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Demonstrated utility for studying atopic dermatitis and related diseases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Eliminates the need for animal models in studying inflammatory skin diseases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.ovid.com/journals/aheama/fulltext/10.1002/adhm.202503170~a-humanbased-skinlymphoreticular-modelonchip-to-emulate\"\u003eA Humanā€Based Skinā€Lymphoreticular Modelā€onā€Chip to Emulate Inflammatory Skin Conditions\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"3-human-organoids--organoid-based-models\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3. Human Organoids \u0026amp; Organoid-Based Models \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#3-human-organoids--organoid-based-models\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHuman organoids are three-dimensional, self-organizing cultures derived from stem cells that recapitulate the structure and function of human organs. This section showcases how organoids are transforming disease modeling, drug screening, and gene therapy development, enabling precision medicine approaches for conditions like cystic fibrosis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and cancer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"31-forskolin-induced-swelling-fis-assay-for-cystic-fibrosis\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3.1 Forskolin-Induced Swelling (FIS) Assay for Cystic Fibrosis \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#31-forskolin-induced-swelling-fis-assay-for-cystic-fibrosis\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Patient-derived intestinal organoids from \u003cstrong\u003eCystic Fibrosis (CF) patients\u003c/strong\u003e were used in the \u003cstrong\u003eForskolin-induced Swelling (FIS) assay\u003c/strong\u003e to test \u003cstrong\u003eCFTR-modulator drugs\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: The assay accurately predicted clinical trial responses for individual patients, including rare genotypes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Enabled \u003cstrong\u003etailored therapeutic strategies\u003c/strong\u003e, significantly increasing life expectancy for CF patients.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://research.umcutrecht.nl/stories/towards-diagnostic-and-personalized-models-using-organoids/\"\u003eTowards diagnostic and personalized models using organoids\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.biotechniques.com/drug-discovery-development/if-sart-nams-an-exciting-era-for-drug-discovery_sartorius/\"\u003eNAMs: an exciting era for drug discovery\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"32-patient-derived-organoids-for-gene-therapy-in-duchenne-muscular-dystrophy-dmd\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3.2 Patient-Derived Organoids for Gene Therapy in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#32-patient-derived-organoids-for-gene-therapy-in-duchenne-muscular-dystrophy-dmd\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: A breakthrough workflow converted \u003cstrong\u003ecryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)\u003c/strong\u003e into \u003cstrong\u003einduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)\u003c/strong\u003e and then into \u003cstrong\u003ecardiac organoids\u003c/strong\u003e within three weeks, correcting unique splicing defects in DMD patients.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Custom ASOs restored dystrophin expression and improved calcium transients in cardiac organoids.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Provided a \u003cstrong\u003escalable, cost-effective alternative\u003c/strong\u003e to animal models for developing personalized gene therapies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.marinbio.com/patient-derived-organoids-for-gene-therapy-development-a-breakthrough-in-precision-medicine/\"\u003ePatient-Derived Organoids for Gene Therapy Development\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"33-patient-derived-organoids-for-metastatic-colorectal-cancer-optic-trial\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3.3 Patient-Derived Organoids for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (OPTIC Trial) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#33-patient-derived-organoids-for-metastatic-colorectal-cancer-optic-trial\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: The \u003cstrong\u003eOPTIC trial\u003c/strong\u003e validated the predictive power of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and the PDO response correlated with \u003cstrong\u003eradiological tumor response and clinical survival outcomes\u003c/strong\u003e, particularly for oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Demonstrated \u003cstrong\u003e83.3% accuracy\u003c/strong\u003e in predicting patient survival and tumor response.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Enabled \u003cstrong\u003eearly identification of ineffective therapies\u003c/strong\u003e, minimizing patient exposure to toxicity and optimizing treatment selection.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://aacrjournals.org/clincancerres/article/31/23/5015/767465/Patient-Derived-Organoids-Predict-Treatment\"\u003ePatient-Derived Organoids Predict Treatment Response in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"34-organoid-immune-co-culture-models-for-cancer-vaccines\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3.4 Organoid Immune Co-Culture Models for Cancer Vaccines \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#34-organoid-immune-co-culture-models-for-cancer-vaccines\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Tumor organoids co-cultured with \u003cstrong\u003eautologous peripheral blood lymphocytes\u003c/strong\u003e simulated the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), assessing individual responses to \u003cstrong\u003echeckpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cell therapies\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Identified \u003cstrong\u003etumor-specific antigens with high immunogenicity\u003c/strong\u003e, enabling the design of personalized cancer vaccines.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Revolutionized immunotherapy development by capturing spatial organization and immune dynamics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://ecancer.org/en/news/27088-from-petri-dish-to-patient-care-organoids-bring-personalised-cancer-therapy-closer\"\u003eFrom petri dish to patient care: organoids bring personalised cancer therapy closer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"35-kidney-assembloids-for-polycystic-kidney-disease-pkd\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3.5 Kidney Assembloids for Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#35-kidney-assembloids-for-polycystic-kidney-disease-pkd\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Researchers generated the \u003cstrong\u003emost complex kidney structures to date\u003c/strong\u003eā€”assembloids combining filtering nephrons with urine-concentrating collecting ducts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Assembloids recapitulated key features of PKD, including \u003cstrong\u003einflammation and fibrosis\u003c/strong\u003e, previously irreproducible in animal models.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Opened new avenues for studying chronic kidney disease and predicting drug-induced nephrotoxicity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.drugdiscoverynews.com/researchers-develop-most-advanced-kidney-organic-yet-for-disease-modeling-and-drug-discovery-16677\"\u003eResearchers develop most advanced kidney organoid yet for disease modeling and drug discovery\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"36-miller-dieker-syndrome-mds-root-cause\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3.6 Miller-Dieker Syndrome (MDS) Root Cause \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#36-miller-dieker-syndrome-mds-root-cause\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Human brain organoids derived from MDS patient cells identified the root cause of Miller-Dieker Syndrome as early neural stem cell death and severe division defects in \u0026ldquo;outer radial glia\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Time-lapse imaging of patient-derived organoids showed that these specific glia cellsā€”which are entirely absent in mouse modelsā€”failed to divide properly.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Solves a long-standing mystery in rare neurodevelopmental disease that was impossible to investigate using traditional rodent models and proves that patient-derived organoids can bridge the gap between animal models and human pathophysiology.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/cell-reports/fulltext/S2211-1247(17)30393-5\"\u003eAn Organoid-Based Model of Cortical Development Identifies Non-Cell-Autonomous Defects in Wnt Signaling Contributing to Miller-Dieker Syndrome\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2024/06/21/2022.12.07.519435.full.pdf\"\u003eCerebral organoids expressing mutant actin genes reveal cellular mechanism underlying microcephaly\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"37-igf-1-dependency-in-lung-cancer-subtypes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3.7 IGF-1 Dependency in Lung Cancer Subtypes \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#37-igf-1-dependency-in-lung-cancer-subtypes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: A comprehensive library of 40 SCLC organoid lines revealed that non-neuroendocrine small cell lung cancer (SCLC) depends on the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling axis for growth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Genetic ablation of TP53 and RB1 in human alveolar organoids replicated this dependency, and IGF1R inhibitors were shown to effectively suppress growth in patient-derived models.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Identifies IGF1R inhibition as a promising new therapeutic strategy for a specific, treatment-resistant patient population.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43018-025-00945-y\"\u003eAn organoid library unveils subtype-specific IGF-1 dependency via a YAPā€“AP1 axis in human small cell lung cancer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"38-intestinal-organoids-reveal-stem-cell-biology-and-disease-mechanisms\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3.8 Intestinal Organoids Reveal Stem Cell Biology and Disease Mechanisms \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#38-intestinal-organoids-reveal-stem-cell-biology-and-disease-mechanisms\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Developed the first human intestinal organoids from adult stem cells, enabling study of gut disease, cancer, and drug responses in human tissue.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Extended to liver, kidney, brain, and retinal organoids worldwide.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Foundational technology for human organoid research.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nature07935\"\u003eSingle Lgr5 stem cells build crypt-villus structures in vitro without a mesenchymal niche\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"39-brain-organoids-model-microcephaly-caused-by-zika-virus\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3.9 Brain Organoids Model Microcephaly Caused by Zika Virus \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#39-brain-organoids-model-microcephaly-caused-by-zika-virus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Human brain organoids demonstrated Zika virus infection of neural progenitor cells, modeling microcephaly-like features in human tissue.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Human-specific features of microcephaly were captured by the organoids which mouse models had been unable to fully recapitulate.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Provided human-specific insights into Zika virus pathology.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: [Qian et al., Cell 2016; Garcez et al., Science 2016]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(16)30467-6\"\u003eBrain-Region-Specific Organoids Using Mini-bioreactors for Modeling ZIKV Exposure\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aaf6116\"\u003eZika virus tested in human brain organoids\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"4-in-silico-modeling-pbpk-and-computational-methods\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e4. In Silico Modeling, PBPK, and Computational Methods \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#4-in-silico-modeling-pbpk-and-computational-methods\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn silico modelingā€”including Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models and digital twinsā€”simulates drug behavior in the human body, enabling virtual clinical trials and predictive toxicology. By integrating computational methods with biological data, these approaches reduce reliance on animal testing, optimize dosing regimens, and accelerate the development of safe and effective therapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"41-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modeling\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e4.1 Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modeling \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#41-physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-pbpk-modeling\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: PBPK models integrate \u003cstrong\u003ein vitro data on absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME)\u003c/strong\u003e with physiological parameters to predict \u003cstrong\u003einternal human exposure\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Correctly estimated systemic exposure of \u003cstrong\u003ecaffeine and coumarin\u003c/strong\u003e in different product types, demonstrating that model-informed approaches can replace in vivo toxicokinetics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Enabled \u003cstrong\u003evirtual clinical trials\u003c/strong\u003e and optimized dosing regimens without animal testing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12436579/\"\u003eAdvancing drug development with ā€œFit-for-Purposeā€ modeling informed approaches\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://health.ec.europa.eu/publications/sccs-notes-guidance-testing-cosmetic-ingredients-and-their-safety-evaluation-12th-revision_en\"\u003eSCCS Notes of guidance for the testing of cosmetic ingredients and their safety evaluation\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314653854_The_margin_of_internal_exposure_MOIE_concept_for_dermal_risk_assessment_based_on_oral_toxicity_data_-_A_case_study_with_caffeine\"\u003eThe margin of internal exposure (MOIE) concept for dermal risk assessment based on oral toxicity data - A case study with caffeine\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-02198-6\"\u003eAI-driven virtual cell models in preclinical research\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/16/3/155\"\u003eOrgans-on-Chips in Drug Development: Engineering Foundations, Artificial Intelligence, and Clinical Translation\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"42-bioequivalence-bridging-for-tofacitinib\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e4.2 Bioequivalence Bridging for Tofacitinib \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#42-bioequivalence-bridging-for-tofacitinib\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD see 4.1) modeling was used to bridge the immediate-release formulation of tofacitinib to a new extended-release version for ulcerative colitis.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: The computational model successfully established bioequivalence, satisfying regulatory safety and efficacy requirements.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Supported FDA approval avoiding new Phase 3 clinical trials, significantly accelerating patient access to the new formulation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cpt.3313\"\u003eIntegrating Clinical Variability into PBPK Models for Virtual Bioequivalence of Single and Multiple Doses of Tofacitinib Modified-Release Dosage Form\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1208/s12248-025-01057-2\"\u003eVirtual Bioequivalence Assessment of Tofacitinib Once Daily Modified Release Dosage Form in Pediatric Subjects\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"43-digital-twins-for-clinical-trial-simulation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e4.3 Digital Twins for Clinical Trial Simulation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#43-digital-twins-for-clinical-trial-simulation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003cstrong\u003eDigital twins\u003c/strong\u003e are virtual representations of individuals integrating clinical, genetic, and environmental dataā€”promise to revolutionize clinical trial design.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Simulation of treatment strategies before patient enrollment, reducing risks and costs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Could eliminate the need for many traditional clinical trials by predicting patient-specific responses.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11263130/\"\u003eIncreasing acceptance of AIā€generated digital twins through clinical trial applications\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.jacbts.2024.08.002\"\u003eThe Use of Digital Healthcare Twins in Early-Phase Clinical Trials: Opportunities, Challenges, and Applications\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41540-025-00592-0\"\u003eEnhancing randomized clinical trials with digital twins\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scienceadvancement.org/reflections/what-are-nams/\"\u003eWhat are NAMs?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"44-quantitative-systems-pharmacology-qsp-models\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e4.4 Quantitative Systems Pharmacology (QSP) Models \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#44-quantitative-systems-pharmacology-qsp-models\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: QSP models combine \u003cstrong\u003emechanical simulations of physiology\u003c/strong\u003e with molecular signaling pathways to predict \u003cstrong\u003eimmunogenicity and pharmacokinetics\u003c/strong\u003e of complex biologics (e.g., monoclonal antibodies).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: FDA highlighted QSP as a tool to reduce reliance on animal testing for \u0026ldquo;what-if\u0026rdquo; scenarios.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Accelerated the development of biologics and personalized medicine.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/fda-animal-testing-phaseout-urges-ai-1989700/\"\u003eFDA animal testing phaseout urges AI-based trial alternatives, organoids, other ā€œNAMsā€\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.science.org/content/article/u-s-wants-phase-out-animal-research-are-alternatives-ready\"\u003eBeyond lab animals\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"45-alphafold-predicts-protein-structures\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e4.5 AlphaFold Predicts Protein Structures \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#45-alphafold-predicts-protein-structures\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: AI-based prediction of protein 3D structures from amino acid sequences transformed structural biology and drug target identification supporting NAM workflows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Open-access database covers over 200 million predicted structures with atomic accuracy even when similar architectures had not been previously discovered through animal research.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Provides data previously requiring years of laboratory work.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03819-2\"\u003eHighly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"5-high-throughput--omics-based-approaches\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5. High-Throughput \u0026amp; Omics-Based Approaches \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#5-high-throughput--omics-based-approaches\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-throughput technologies such as CRISPR screens, single-cell RNA sequencing, and multi-omics integration enable rapid identification and validation of drug targets, disease mechanisms, and toxicity pathways. This section highlights how omics-based NAMs are reshaping mechanistic understanding and accelerating the discovery of novel therapies for diseases with high unmet medical needs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"51-tox21-consortium-high-throughput-chemical-screening\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5.1 Tox21 Consortium: High-Throughput Chemical Screening \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#51-tox21-consortium-high-throughput-chemical-screening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: The \u003cstrong\u003eTox21 federal collaboration\u003c/strong\u003e uses robotic high-throughput screening (HTS) to evaluate \u003cstrong\u003ethousands of chemicals simultaneously\u003c/strong\u003e, generating millions of data points on biological pathways, developing an \u003cstrong\u003e18-assay battery for the estrogen receptor (ER) pathway\u003c/strong\u003e, identifying endocrine-disrupting compounds without animal testing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: EPA formally accepted this computational model as an alternative to traditional rodent assays.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Marked the first regulatory prioritization of robotically derived molecular data over animal testing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.niehs.nih.gov/sites/default/files/health/assets/docs_p_z/tox21_understanding_the_potential_health_risks_of_chemicals_508.pdf\"\u003eTox21: Chemical testing in the 21st century\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://tox21.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Tox21_FactSheet_Jan2023.pdf\"\u003eUnited States Federal Government TOX21 Collaboration\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://tox21.gov/overview/about-tox21/\"\u003eAbout Tox21\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"52-multi-omics-integration-for-toxicity-pathways\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5.2 Multi-Omics Integration for Toxicity Pathways \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#52-multi-omics-integration-for-toxicity-pathways\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Integrative NAMs combining \u003cstrong\u003egenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics\u003c/strong\u003e revealed novel: Oxidative stress pathways, Mitochondrial dysfunction signatures, and Immune-modulating pathways.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Omics-based NAMs distinguished \u003cstrong\u003eadaptive from adverse responses\u003c/strong\u003e and generated candidate biomarkers for early detection.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Reshaped mechanistic understanding of chemical toxicity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749124013897\"\u003eMulti-omics integration analysis\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12391800/\"\u003eThe future of pharmaceuticals: Artificial intelligence in drug discovery and development\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.02.12.579980v1.full#abstract-1\"\u003eSkin Sensitisation Case Study\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00204-020-02656-y\"\u003eProspects and challenges of multi-omics data integration in toxicology\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"53-crispr-screens-for-drug-target-validation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5.3 CRISPR Screens for Drug Target Validation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#53-crispr-screens-for-drug-target-validation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing and \u003cstrong\u003esingle-cell RNA sequencing\u003c/strong\u003e enabled rapid identification and validation of drug targets, verifying AI-predicted targets for \u003cstrong\u003ecancer and neurodegenerative diseases\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Accelerated the discovery of novel treatments by linking gene perturbations to therapeutic efficacy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Reduced reliance on animal models for target validation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.criver.com/products-services/discovery-services/screening-and-profiling-assays/assay-development/crispr-gene-editing?region=3601\"\u003eCRISPR Cas9 Gene Editing\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://tpb.nabea.pub/tpb/article/view/25\"\u003eCRISPR-Cas9 in Functional Genomics: Implications for Target Validation in Precision Oncology\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.biocompare.com/Editorial-Articles/591435-Target-Validation-with-CRISPR/\"\u003eTarget Validation with CRISPR\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12391800/\"\u003eThe future of pharmaceuticals: Artificial intelligence in drug discovery and development\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"54-aop-linked-in-vitro-screens-for-seizure-liability\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5.4 AOP-Linked In Vitro Screens for Seizure Liability \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#54-aop-linked-in-vitro-screens-for-seizure-liability\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: A government-industry collaboration mapped mechanisms leading to \u003cstrong\u003edrug-induced seizures\u003c/strong\u003e using adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) and in vitro assays.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Identified \u003cstrong\u003e27 biological target families\u003c/strong\u003e linked to seizure mechanisms and developed \u003cstrong\u003e100+ assay endpoints\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Enabled systematic, mechanism-focused screening for pro-convulsant risk early in development. Replaces animal models which fail to predict drug-induced seizures.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/toxsci/article-abstract/207/2/306/8213621?redirectedFrom=fulltext\"\u003eDe-risking seizure liability\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.criver.com/eureka/can-new-approach-methodologies-de-risk-drug-development\"\u003eCan New Approach Methodologies De-Risk Drug Development?\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://nc3rs.org.uk/crackit/ipsc-derived-cardiomyocytes-cardiac-toxicity-assessment\"\u003eiPSC derived cardiomyocytes for cardiac toxicity assessment\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"6-toxicology--safety-assessment-via-nams\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6. Toxicology \u0026amp; Safety Assessment via NAMs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#6-toxicology--safety-assessment-via-nams\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNAMs are transforming toxicology and safety assessment by providing human-relevant models for predicting compound toxicity, skin sensitization, endocrine disruption, and mixture toxicology. This section explores how regulatory agencies and industries are adopting these methods to improve chemical risk assessment and reduce reliance on animal testing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"61-endocrine-disruption-assessment-tox21-er-model\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.1 Endocrine Disruption Assessment (Tox21 ER Model) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#61-endocrine-disruption-assessment-tox21-er-model\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: The \u003cstrong\u003eTox21 ER pathway battery\u003c/strong\u003e identified compounds interfering with human hormones using robot-based results.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: EPA accepted this computational model as an alternative to rodent uterotrophic assays.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Provides an accepted non-animal alternative for testing in hazard identification for endocrine disruptors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/envhealth.4c00218\"\u003eToxic Alerts of Endocrine Disruption Revealed by Explainable Artificial Intelligence\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.niehs.nih.gov/sites/default/files/health/assets/docs_p_z/tox21_understanding_the_potential_health_risks_of_chemicals_508.pdf\"\u003eTox21: Chemical testing in the 21st century\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/endocrine-disruption/use-new-approach-methodologies\"\u003eUse of New Approach Methodologies\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"62-skin-sensitization-hazard--potency-prediction\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.2 Skin Sensitization Hazard \u0026amp; Potency Prediction \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#62-skin-sensitization-hazard--potency-prediction\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: The \u003cstrong\u003eOECD TG 497\u003c/strong\u003e \u0026ldquo;Defined Approaches\u0026rdquo; guideline combined multiple NAMs specifically Peptide reactivity assays (DPRA), Keratinocyte activation (KeratinoSens), Dendritic-cell activation (h-CLAT), and In silico models.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Correctly classified skin sensitization hazard and potency for chemicals, including those not previously tested in animals, with performance \u003cstrong\u003eequal to or better than mouse assays\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Established a regulatory framework for animal-free safety testing of skin sensitizers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.02.12.579980v1.full#abstract-1\"\u003eSkin Sensitisation Case Study: Comparison of Defined Approaches including OECD 497 Guidance\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41804230/\"\u003eAdvancing Skin Sensitization Potency Categorization Using U-SENSā„¢ in OECD TG 497\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9402929/\"\u003eStandardisation and international adoption of defined approaches for skin sensitisation\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0273230025001953\"\u003eEvaluating the ability of defined approaches to predict the human skin sensitisation potential of chemicals previously untested in new approach methodologies\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://one.oecd.org/document/ENV/CBC/MONO(2023)5/en/pdf\"\u003eCase Study on the Use of Integrated Approaches for Testing and Assessment for skin\nsensitisation\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"63-bioactivity-exposure-ratio-ber-for-pfas-risk-assessment\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.3 Bioactivity-Exposure Ratio (BER) for PFAS Risk Assessment \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#63-bioactivity-exposure-ratio-ber-for-pfas-risk-assessment\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: For emerging \u003cstrong\u003ePFAS compounds\u003c/strong\u003e, regulators used in vitro assays to calculate \u003cstrong\u003ehuman equivalent doses (HED)\u003c/strong\u003e and derive a \u003cstrong\u003eBioactivity-Exposure Ratio (BER)\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: BER served as a protective surrogate in the absence of traditional animal data.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Enabled risk-based prioritization of chemicals based on biological perturbation likelihood.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378427425016674\"\u003eS13-02 NAMs to investigate chemical-induced immunotoxicity: the cases of PFAS and BPA analogs\u003c/a\u003e, [Use of new approach methods (NAMs) in risk assessment](\u003ca href=\"https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/chemical-substances/fact-she\"\u003ehttps://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/chemical-substances/fact-she\u003c/a\u003e\nets/use-new-approach-methods-risk-assessment.html), \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12721856/\"\u003eSensitivity Analysis of the Inputs for Bioactivity-Exposure Ratio Calculations in a NAM-Based Systemic Safety Toolbox\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"64-mixture-toxicology-via-nams\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.4 Mixture Toxicology via NAMs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#64-mixture-toxicology-via-nams\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: NAM-based defined approaches (originally for individual substances) were extended to \u003cstrong\u003ecomplex mixtures\u003c/strong\u003e (e.g., pesticide formulations).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Demonstrated that panels of in chemico, in vitro, and in silico assays could \u003cstrong\u003eidentify and rank sensitization potential\u003c/strong\u003e of formulations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Advanced the understanding of combined exposure effects without animal testing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://nc3rs.org.uk/crackit/ipsc-derived-cardiomyocytes-cardiac-toxicity-assessment\"\u003eiPSC derived cardiomyocytes for cardiac toxicity assessment\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://one.oecd.org/document/ENV/CBC/MONO(2023)5/en/pdf\"\u003eCase Study on the Use of Integrated Approaches for Testing and Assessment for skin\nsensitisation of Diethanolamine\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9691642/\"\u003eChemical testing using new approach methodologies\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"65-reconstructed-human-skin-models-replace-animal-testing-for-cosmetics-and-chemicals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.5 Reconstructed Human Skin Models Replace Animal Testing for Cosmetics and Chemicals \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#65-reconstructed-human-skin-models-replace-animal-testing-for-cosmetics-and-chemicals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Validated by OECD and regulatory agencies as replacements for the Draize rabbit skin irritation test.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Developed by MatTek (EpiDerm), Episkin (L\u0026rsquo;OrĆ©al), Henkel, now standard in the EU and increasingly adopted globally.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Eliminates animal use for skin irritation/corrosion endpoints for cosmetics and many chemicals in accepting jurisdictions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12567139/\"\u003eIn Vitro Skin Models as Non-Animal Methods for Dermal Drug Development and Safety Assessment\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-99-2804-0_1\"\u003eArtificial Skin Models for Animal-Free Testing\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"66-corneal-and-eye-irritation-models\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.6 Corneal and Eye Irritation Models \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#66-corneal-and-eye-irritation-models\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Validated alternatives to the Draize rabbit eye test.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Developed by EpiOcular (MatTek), SkinEthic HCE (Episkin), assesses eye irritation potential of chemicals and consumer products.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Provides human-relevant models for eye irritation testing with validated non-animal alternatives.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10070571/\"\u003eTissue Engineered Mini-Cornea Model for Eye Irritation Test\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0014483523003184\"\u003eCorneal epithelium models for safety assessment in drug development: Present and future directions\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"7-regulatory--industry-adoption-of-nams\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7. Regulatory \u0026amp; Industry Adoption of NAMs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#7-regulatory--industry-adoption-of-nams\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegulatory agencies and pharmaceutical companies are increasingly embracing NAMs to streamline drug development, enhance predictivity, and align with ethical and scientific advancements. This section examines key milestonesā€”such as the FDA Modernization Act 2.0 and OECD standardsā€”that are paving the way for the global adoption of human-relevant, animal-free methodologies in biomedical research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"71-fda-modernization-act-20\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.1 FDA Modernization Act 2.0 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#71-fda-modernization-act-20\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: The \u003cstrong\u003eFDA Modernization Act 2.0 (2022)\u003c/strong\u003e removed the federal mandate for animal testing in new drug applications.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation:\u003c/strong\u003e A significant move by FDA to move away from using the animal model.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Explicitly encouraged the use of NAMs (in vitro, in silico) in preclinical safety assessments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10617761/\"\u003eFDA Modernization Act 2.0: transitioning beyond animal models with human cells, organoids, and AI/ML-based approaches\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/life-sciences/our-insights/the-synthesis/how-new-approach-methodologies-are-reshaping-drug-discovery\"\u003eHow new approach methodologies are reshaping drug discovery\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10465229/\"\u003eOrgan-on-a-chip meets artificial intelligence in drug evaluation\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"72-fda-cder-nam-validation-guidance-march-2026\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.2 FDA CDER NAM Validation Guidance (March 2026) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#72-fda-cder-nam-validation-guidance-march-2026\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: FDAā€™s \u003cstrong\u003eCenter for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)\u003c/strong\u003e released draft guidance establishing a \u003cstrong\u003evalidation framework\u003c/strong\u003e for NAM-derived data.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Based on scientific confidence, human biological relevance, and \u0026ldquo;fit-for-purpose\u0026rdquo; utility, these guidelines are a significant move away from using the animal model.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Provided a clear regulatory pathway for integrating NAMs into Investigational New Drug (IND) applications.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-releases-draft-guidance-alternatives-animal-testing-drug-development\"\u003eFDA Releases Draft Guidance on Alternatives to Animal Testing in Drug Development\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/biotechnology/new-approach-methodologies-nams-in-drug-development/\"\u003eNew Approach Methodologies (NAMs) in Drug Development\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"73-oecd-international-standards-for-nams\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.3 OECD International Standards for NAMs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#73-oecd-international-standards-for-nams\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: The \u003cstrong\u003eOECD Guidance Document 34\u003c/strong\u003e established international standards for the validation and acceptance of alternative test methods.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Facilitated global harmonization and adoption of NAMs in regulatory frameworks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2019-12/documents/alternative_testing_nams_list_first_update_final.pdf\"\u003eList of Alternative Test Methods and Strategies (or New Approach Methodologies NAMs)\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/sites/default/files/iccvam/suppdocs/feddocs/oecd/oecd-gd34.pdf\"\u003eOECD Series On Testing And Assessment Number 34\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"74-industry-investments-in-nams\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.4 Industry Investments in NAMs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#74-industry-investments-in-nams\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Major pharmaceutical companies (e.g., \u003cstrong\u003eRoche, Johnson \u0026amp; Johnson, AstraZeneca\u003c/strong\u003e) invested in NAMs: \u003cstrong\u003eEmulate organ-on-a-chip platforms\u003c/strong\u003e for toxicity prediction, \u003cstrong\u003eOrganoids and computational modeling\u003c/strong\u003e for personalized medicine.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation:\u003c/strong\u003e Business interests confirm the efficacy of NAMs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Accelerated the transition toward human-relevant models in drug development.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/life-sciences/our-insights/the-synthesis/how-new-approach-methodologies-are-reshaping-drug-discovery\"\u003eHow new approach methodologies are reshaping drug discovery\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"75-tebentafusp-kimmtrak-regulatory-approval\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.5 Tebentafusp (Kimmtrak) Regulatory Approval \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#75-tebentafusp-kimmtrak-regulatory-approval\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Tebentafusp (Kimmtrak) became the first immunotherapy to reach clinical trials and regulatory approval without in vivo animal pharmacodynamic data.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Because the drug lacked activity in any animal species, the sponsors relied entirely on human-centric NAMs to justify safety and efficacy for its IND submission.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Establishes a major regulatory milestone proving that human-relevant data can fully replace animal testing in specific contexts for first-in-class therapeutics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.immunocore.com/investors/news/press-releases/detail/46/immunocore-announces-fda-approval-of-kimmtrak-tebentafusp-tebn-for-the-treatment-of-unresectable-or-metastatic-uveal-melanoma\"\u003eImmunocore announces FDA approval of KIMMTRAKĀ® (tebentafusp-tebn) for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic uveal melanoma\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://dhpp.hpfb-dgpsa.ca/review-documents/resource/SBD00605/\"\u003eSummary Basis of Decision for Kimmtrak in Canada\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"76-aspect-biosystems--3d-bioprinting-platform\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.6 Aspect Biosystems ā€” 3D Bioprinting Platform \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#76-aspect-biosystems--3d-bioprinting-platform\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Developing bioprinted human tissue models as alternatives to animal testing, representing Canadian innovation in NAMs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Bioprinted Tissue Therapeutics designed to replace biological function in the body.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Provides advanced tissue models for drug development.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.aspectbiosystems.com/\"\u003eAspect Biosystems\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"77-canadian-centre-for-alternatives-to-animal-methods-ccaam\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.7 Canadian Centre for Alternatives to Animal Methods (CCAAM) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#77-canadian-centre-for-alternatives-to-animal-methods-ccaam\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: Canada\u0026rsquo;s first dedicated academic center for NAM research, conducted and promoted research using human-relevant, non-animal approaches.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: Established in 2017 at the University of Windsor, Ontario.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Advances NAMs adoption in Canada.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://www.uwindsor.ca/dailynews/tags/canadian-centre-alternatives-animal-methods\"\u003eCCAAM\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"78-usp-chapter-86-recombinant-reagents-for-endotoxin-testing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.8 USP Chapter \u0026lt;86\u0026gt; Recombinant Reagents for Endotoxin Testing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#78-usp-chapter-86-recombinant-reagents-for-endotoxin-testing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e: The U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP) officially implemented Chapter \u0026lt;86\u0026gt; in May 2025, endorsing the use of non-animal-derived reagents for bacterial endotoxin testing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation\u003c/strong\u003e: The chapter allows the use of recombinant Factor C (rFC) and recombinant cascade (rCR) reagents, which utilize endpoint fluorescence and chromogenic techniques derived from gene sequences of the horseshoe crab.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact\u003c/strong\u003e: Modernizes quality control in pharmaceutical manufacturing, potentially saving up to 90,000 animals per year while increasing batch-to-batch consistency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://doi.usp.org/USPNF/USPNF_M16015_10101_01.html\"\u003e\u0026lt;86\u0026gt; Bacterial Endotoxins Test Using Recombinant Reagents\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"summary-table-key-nam-enabled-discoveries\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSummary Table: Key NAM-Enabled Discoveries \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-table-key-nam-enabled-discoveries\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThematic Area\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiscovery\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValidation Status\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAI-Driven Discovery\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eAI-designed drug for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (Insilico Medicine)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ePhase II clinical trials\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eAI repurposing of baricitinib for COVID-19\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eClinical validation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eTopiramate identified for IBD via transcriptomic analysis\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ePreclinical/clinical studies\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOrgan-on-a-Chip\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eLiver-on-a-chip identifies hepatotoxicity in 87% of drugs missed by animal models\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eIn vitro, regulatory acceptance\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eLung-on-a-chip for antiviral efficacy and tumor heterogeneity\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eIn vitro, preclinical validation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eALS Pathogenesis and Early Biomarkers\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eMulti-omics validation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eCervical Protective Role in Dysbiosis\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eIn vitro validation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Organoids\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eFIS assay for cystic fibrosis: personalized drug response prediction\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eClinical implementation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ePatient-derived organoids for gene therapy in DMD\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ePreclinical validation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eOPTIC trial: 83.3% accuracy in predicting mCRC treatment response\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eClinical validation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eMiller-Dieker Syndrome (MDS) Root Cause\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eTime-lapse imaging validation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eIGF-1 Dependency in Lung Cancer Subtypes\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eGenetic ablation validation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eKidney assembloids for PKD modeling\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eIn vitro validation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIn Silico Modeling\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ePBPK modeling for drug safety and PK/PD predictions\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eFDA-accepted for submissions\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHigh-Throughput \u0026amp; Omics\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eTox21: 18-assay ER pathway battery for endocrine disruption\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eRegulatory acceptance (EPA)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eMulti-omics for toxicity pathway discovery\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ePeer-reviewed validation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eToxicology \u0026amp; Safety\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eOECD TG 497: Defined approaches for skin sensitization\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eRegulatory framework\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eBER for PFAS risk assessment\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eRegulatory adoption\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRegulatory Adoption\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eFDA Modernization Act 2.0: End of animal testing mandate in drug development\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eLegislative implementation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eFDA CDER NAM Validation Guidance (March 2026)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eDraft guidance issued\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eTebentafusp (Kimmtrak) Regulatory Approval\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eRegulatory milestone\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"conclusion-the-nams-revolution-in-biomedical-research\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConclusion: The NAMs Revolution in Biomedical Research \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#conclusion-the-nams-revolution-in-biomedical-research\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNAMs are \u003cstrong\u003enot merely replacements for animal tests\u003c/strong\u003eā€”they represent a \u003cstrong\u003efundamental transformation\u003c/strong\u003e in scientific understanding and drug development. By leveraging \u003cstrong\u003ehuman biology, robotics, AI, and computational modeling\u003c/strong\u003e, NAMs offer:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGreater predictive accuracy\u003c/strong\u003e for human responses.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFaster, cheaper, and more ethical\u003c/strong\u003e research.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePersonalized medicine\u003c/strong\u003e through patient-specific models (organoids, organ-on-a-chip).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRegulatory acceptance\u003c/strong\u003e and industry adoption.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe discoveries highlighted in this report demonstrate that NAMs are \u003cstrong\u003ealready delivering validated medical breakthroughs\u003c/strong\u003e, from AI-designed drugs to organoid-based therapies and in silico clinical trials. As these technologies mature, they will \u003cstrong\u003eredefine the future of biomedical research and patient care\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSuggested next steps for innovators\u003c/strong\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExplore specific NAM platforms (e.g., Emulate, Insilico Medicine) for your research or project needs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvestigate regulatory pathways for integrating NAMs into your workflow. See notebooklm whitepaper \u003ca href=\"strategic-framework.html\"\u003eStrategic Framework for Navigating the Regulatory Transition to New Approach Methodologies (NAMs)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConsider collaborations with industry leaders in organ-on-a-chip or AI-driven drug discovery.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "Coruss", "date_published": "2026-02-18T10:10:24-08:00", "date_modified": "2026-02-18T10:10:24-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/coruss/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/coruss/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe Corusshop is a exceptional company based in France that makes bows with synthetic hair.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStriking a blow against the cruel horsehair trade that has been so dominant for decades, Coruss bows utilize animal-free products producing a superb instrument that is trusted by the likes of Dorette Roos, Alexander Rybak, and Rusanda Panfili. Check out their website \u003ca href=\"https://corusshop.com/\"\u003eCorusshop\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy experience with Coruss started thanks to Gemini AI which suggested the company as an alternative to the vegan Incredibows that I already use. The Corusshop site is well designed and easy to navigate, but what struck me right away was their bold statement in the About Us section \u0026ldquo;Ethical and vegan: a product free from any animal materials\u0026rdquo;. The other thing I noticed was that they replied to every review which shows a remarkable degree of consideration for their customers!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy contact at Coruss turned out to be Valentin Ferrier. We exchanged several emails since I had many questions not just about the product, but also because this was going to be an overseas order to Canada. Valentin answered with precision and patient so I was very well informed before I made my decision to purchase. This sort of customer care is rare these days.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI will produce updates on the bow(s), hair, and rosin I am ordering because, as of now, I am writing this page before I have tried the items, but I have confidence that their product will be equal to their service!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Monk", "date_published": "2026-01-08T10:55:40-08:00", "date_modified": "2026-01-08T10:55:40-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/monk/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/monk/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eMonk is the best office supply company we have ever worked with!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have frequented various stores for our business needs, but none come close to matching \u003ca href=\"https://commercial.monk.ca/\"\u003eMonk\u003c/a\u003e! Their commercial product line is excellent, their delivery system is effective, and their service is exemplary!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInitially, we had the pleasure of talking to Jasmin Kaur, the Customer Experience Coordinator whose prompt replies and actions not only impressed us, but also convinced us to make Monk our primary office store. Update (2026-03-10): Jasmin is someone who can be counted on! There was an issue receiving a credit card refund, and she was instrumental in making the process go through (even though it wasn\u0026rsquo;t technically her department). It\u0026rsquo;s people like her that make a real difference in any organization!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter that, we worked with Jennifer Subasic, Territory Sales Manager, who helped us choose the perfect printer for our needs. She not only took the initiative doing the research thoroughly for us, she also thoughtfully ordered extra toner, and placed our order within minutes of approval. I have rarely experienced such a combination of superb communication, efficiency, and consideration!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMonk will be our first (and likely only) stop for office supplies and technology!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Elk Lake Veterinary Hospital", "date_published": "2025-08-29T21:06:07-07:00", "date_modified": "2025-08-29T21:06:07-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/elk-lake-veterinary-hospital/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/elk-lake-veterinary-hospital/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWe are grateful for the exceptional care provided by Elk Lake Road Veterinary Hospital. From the very beginning, we have been impressed by their considerate, pet-first approach and their highly efficient operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe team is always easy to talk to and has consistently arranged things for us with impressive speed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur specific case involves seven domestic rabbits consisting of a mother (Fiver) and her litter (Scruffels, Puffels, Studdels, Cuddels, Buffels, Muffels). The mother required spaying on short notice, and they made arrangements to do it sooner than any other place we had tried.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe vet involved for all of the spayings and neuterings was \u003ca href=\"https://elvh.ca/about/team/dr-rachel-macleod/\"\u003eDr. Rachel MacLeod\u003c/a\u003e who is an exceptionally capable individual with a wide range of vet experience in various countries. Our interactions with her were not only positive, but made us feel that our rabbits were getting the best care possible! Each made it through the procedures just as Dr. Rachel put it \u0026ldquo;name-of-rabbit did very well\u0026rdquo;. Yes she knew each rabbit by name, and always did a follow-up call the next morning to make sure things were fine, which they invariably were, due to her expertise!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe rabbits are doing very well indeed, and eating our house, so we likely won\u0026rsquo;t need home insurance for much longer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe are very glad we took the rabbit members of our family to \u003ca href=\"https://elvh.ca/\"\u003eElk Lake Veterinary Hospital\u003c/a\u003e, and our special thanks to Dr. Rachel.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Telus Business", "date_published": "2025-08-11T23:26:44-07:00", "date_modified": "2025-08-11T23:26:44-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/telus-business/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/telus-business/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWe strongly endorse Telus Business for fiberoptic internet and mobile. Read on to find out why.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur move to \u003cstrong\u003eTelus Business\u003c/strong\u003e has been an overwhelmingly positive experience, driven by the exceptional service we received from two key individuals: \u003cstrong\u003eRon Prasad\u003c/strong\u003e (Manager, Field Support, South \u0026amp; Central Vancouver Island) and \u003cstrong\u003eBrady\u003c/strong\u003e, our local Telus Business techxpert.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt all started back in January 2025 when Brady came to our location for a planned installation. Although the installation didn\u0026rsquo;t happen due to a miscommunication with a reseller, Brady was incredibly helpful. He took the time to explain everything in detail, patiently answering our questions and providing a clear understanding of our options. His professionalism and courteous demeanor made such a strong impression that we felt compelled to write a letter of appreciation to his manager, Ron Prasad.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOver the next few months, while we were still with another provider, we often reached out to Ron for information. Even though we weren\u0026rsquo;t a Telus customer yet, Ron was always approachable and took the time to explain everything thoroughly. His guidance was a major factor in our decision to switch, making it clear that it was time to move on after nearly two decades with our previous provider.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn June 2025, Brady returned, this time to finalize the plans for our move to Telus Business with a \u003cstrong\u003e1G fiber optic\u003c/strong\u003e internet and new mobile lines. His suggestions were insightful, and the contract was accepted shortly after. To our surprise, Brady showed up to complete the activation three weeks ahead of schedule! He also said that anytime we had a problem, just to call him.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince the transition, we\u0026rsquo;ve experienced huge improvements. Our Telus internet package is superbly stable, and our phones have never worked better. The journey to becoming a Telus customer was a testament to the high-quality guidance and support provided by Ron and the outstanding service and technical expertise of Brady.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe\u0026rsquo;re on a three-year contract with Telus, but we\u0026rsquo;d be fine with a contract into the next century!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Stocks of Interest", "date_published": "2025-05-26T13:15:14-07:00", "date_modified": "2025-05-26T13:15:14-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/trade/stocks-of-interest/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/trade/stocks-of-interest/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePerplexity Pro research on stocks is presented here.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach Prospect Intelligence Report is presented for consistency with the following headings:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecutive Summary\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompany Overview\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDecision Makers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFinancial Snapshot\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnology Landscape\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrategic Opportunities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEngagement Strategy\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent News and Insights\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelationship Intelligence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUpdates will be ongoing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe companies are grouped by sectors such as Energy, Financials, Technology, Consumer etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"technology\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAI, robotics, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"advanced-micro-devices-amd\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAdvanced Micro Devices (AMD) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#advanced-micro-devices-amd\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdvanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) is a global leader in semiconductor design, specializing in high-performance computing, graphics, and adaptive solutions for data centers, AI, gaming, and edge devices. Founded in 1969 and headquartered in Santa Clara, California, AMD has transformed from a challenger in the CPU market to an innovation powerhouse, leveraging strategic acquisitions and R\u0026amp;D to compete head-to-head with industry giants like Intel and Nvidia. With a strong financial profile, recent AI-focused acquisitions, and an expanding technology portfolio, AMD is well-positioned for continued growth and strategic partnership opportunitiesā€”especially for advanced AI, analytics, and enterprise information workflows\u003csup id=\"fnref:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1969 by Jerry Sanders and colleagues from Fairchild Semiconductor\u003csup id=\"fnref1:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Santa Clara, California, USA\u003csup id=\"fnref1:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref2:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Semiconductors, focusing on CPUs, GPUs, FPGAs, and SoCs for data centers, AI, gaming, and embedded systems\u003csup id=\"fnref2:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref1:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref3:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e ~28,000 employees; Market cap ~$186.5B\u003csup id=\"fnref3:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To deliver leadership high-performance and adaptive computing solutions that advance data center AI, AI PCs, intelligent edge devices, gaming, and beyond\u003csup id=\"fnref2:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAcquisitions of Silo AI (July 2024) and ZT Systems (August 2024) to strengthen AI and custom computing infrastructure capabilities\u003csup id=\"fnref4:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurpassed Intel in market capitalization for the first time in 2022 and hit a $300B valuation milestone in 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref5:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDr. Lisa T. Su, Ph.D. ā€“ Chair \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Electrical engineer with deep experience in semiconductor R\u0026amp;D and executive leadership; joined AMD in 2012, CEO since 2014\u003csup id=\"fnref4:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref6:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e AI leadership, product innovation, strategic M\u0026amp;A, and operational excellence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Engineering background, AI/ML advocacy, history of transformative leadership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJean Hu ā€“ Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive finance leadership in tech; previously CFO at Marvell and QLogic\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial strategy, capital allocation, M\u0026amp;A integration\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Experience with scaling finance in high-growth tech environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVictor Peng ā€“ President, AMD Adaptive and Embedded Computing Group\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Former CEO of Xilinx, now leads AMDā€™s FPGA and adaptive computing strategy post-acquisition\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Embedded systems, FPGA, AI acceleration\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep FPGA/AI expertise, integration of Xilinx tech\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMark Papermaster ā€“ CTO \u0026amp; EVP, Technology \u0026amp; Engineering\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Veteran in chip architecture and engineering leadership (ex-Apple, IBM)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Technology roadmap, R\u0026amp;D, product development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Engineering innovation, cross-industry partnerships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRaghu Nambiar ā€“ SVP, Data Center Ecosystems \u0026amp; Solutions\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Focus on enterprise and cloud solutions; previously at Cisco\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Data center adoption, cloud partnerships, enterprise AI\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Cloud/enterprise buyer networks, AI/ML workload optimization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Not explicitly stated in results, but market cap is ~$186.5B; AMD has shown strong double-digit revenue growth in recent years\u003csup id=\"fnref5:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Public company since 1980; major acquisitions funded through a mix of cash and stock (e.g., Xilinx for $50B in 2022, Silo AI for $665M in 2024, ZT Systems for $4.9B in 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref7:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Surpassed Intel in market cap in 2022; hit $300B valuation in 2024 before recent market adjustment\u003csup id=\"fnref8:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e x86 CPUs (Ryzen, EPYC), discrete and integrated GPUs (Radeon), FPGAs (Xilinx), semi-custom SoCs (gaming consoles), AI accelerators (Instinct), and adaptive computing platforms\u003csup id=\"fnref6:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref3:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref9:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Acquisitions of Silo AI (AI software), ZT Systems (AI infrastructure), Nod.ai (AI software, 2023)\u003csup id=\"fnref10:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI and analytics integration for enterprise workflows\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced search and knowledge discovery for engineering/R\u0026amp;D teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData center and cloud solution optimization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging rapid product innovation cycles\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScaling AI/ML workflows across business units\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnsuring seamless knowledge sharing in a globally distributed organization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate R\u0026amp;D and go-to-market with AI-powered search and knowledge management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance internal collaboration and information retrieval across engineering, sales, and support\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport competitive intelligence and market monitoring for product and M\u0026amp;A teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven technical documentation search for engineering teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompetitive and market intelligence aggregation for product management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated research and analytics for M\u0026amp;A and business strategy\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced support and troubleshooting knowledge base for customer-facing teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced time-to-insight for engineering and product teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved win rates in competitive sales cycles via better intelligence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower support costs through faster, AI-driven resolution\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget CTO office, engineering leadership, and enterprise IT with a focus on AI-driven productivity and knowledge management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight Perplexityā€™s ability to scale across global teams and integrate with AMDā€™s existing tech stack\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven impact of AI search on engineering velocity and product innovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with AMDā€™s cloud and on-prem environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecurity and compliance for sensitive IP and R\u0026amp;D data\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemonstrated ROI in similar high-tech, global enterprises\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about data privacy and IP protection (counter: robust enterprise-grade security)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverlap with internal AI initiatives (counter: Perplexity as a complementary, not competitive, solution)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration complexity (counter: proven integrations with leading cloud and enterprise platforms)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecure introductory meeting with CTO/engineering leadership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer tailored demo focusing on AMDā€™s engineering and R\u0026amp;D workflows\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies from similar semiconductor and technology clients\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAcquired Silo AI (July 2024) for $665M to bolster AI capabilities\u003csup id=\"fnref11:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAcquired ZT Systems (August 2024) for $4.9B, expanding AI infrastructure offerings\u003csup id=\"fnref12:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurpassed Intel in market capitalization (2022); reached $300B valuation milestone (2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref13:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing investments in AI software and adaptive computing platforms\u003csup id=\"fnref14:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiscontinued Xilinx CPLD production (January 2024) as part of portfolio optimization\u003csup id=\"fnref15:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e None explicitly noted in search results\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Direct competition with Intel (CPUs), Nvidia (GPUs/AI), and other semiconductor firms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAMD Corporate Website\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAMD LinkedIn Page\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent press releases on Silo AI and ZT Systems acquisitions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarket data and financials from NASDAQ and financial news outlets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"amazon\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAmazon \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#amazon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmazon.com, Inc. is a global leader in e-commerce, cloud computing, and digital services, with a market capitalization exceeding $2.17 trillion and a workforce of 1.56 million employees\u003csup id=\"fnref4:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Founded in 1994 and headquartered in Seattle, Amazon has evolved from an online bookstore to \u0026ldquo;The Everything Store,\u0026rdquo; dominating online retail and cloud infrastructure through Amazon Web Services (AWS). The company is renowned for relentless innovation, aggressive reinvestment, and industry disruption, making it a prime prospect for enterprise AI solutions that can enhance operational efficiency, customer experience, and data-driven decision-making.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1994 by Jeff Bezos\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Seattle, Washington, USA\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Specialty Retail, Cloud Computing, Digital Streaming, AI\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e 1,560,000 employees; Market cap ~$2.18 trillion\u003csup id=\"fnref5:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref1:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e \u0026ldquo;To be Earth\u0026rsquo;s most customer-centric company\u0026rdquo;\u003csup id=\"fnref16:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref2:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpanded AI investments, including a multi-billion dollar partnership with Anthropic (2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref3:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunched ā€œRufus,ā€ an AI shopping assistant, in the US, UK, and India (2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref4:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMr. Andrew R. Jassy ā€“ CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Joined Amazon in 1997; previously led AWS, scaling it into the worldā€™s top cloud platform\u003csup id=\"fnref6:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref5:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Cloud innovation, global expansion, operational efficiency\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep interest in AI/ML, cloud-native solutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBrian Olsavsky ā€“ SVP \u0026amp; CFO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e With Amazon since 2002; extensive finance and operations leadership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial discipline, margin improvement, global investments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e ROI-driven technology adoption, cost optimization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdam Selipsky ā€“ CEO, AWS\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Returned to AWS in 2021 after leading Tableau; expertise in cloud, analytics, and SaaS\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Cloud growth, AI/ML platform leadership, enterprise services\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Data infrastructure, enterprise AI, workflow automation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDave Clark ā€“ Former CEO, Worldwide Consumer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Longtime Amazon executive; architected logistics and fulfillment network\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Supply chain, logistics, automation (recently departed but influential in strategy)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Supply chain AI, robotics, last-mile optimization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWerner Vogels ā€“ CTO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Amazonā€™s technology evangelist; drives innovation in cloud, AI, and developer tools\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Scalability, reliability, innovation in tech stack\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e AI integration, developer productivity, cloud-native architectures\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Amazon reported annual revenues exceeding $574 billion in 2023, with continued double-digit growth\u003csup id=\"fnref7:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref6:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Public company since 1997; self-funded growth through reinvestment and strong cash flows\u003csup id=\"fnref7:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Amazon maintains robust momentum, with AWS and advertising as major growth drivers and continued expansion in international markets\u003csup id=\"fnref8:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref8:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAWS (compute, storage, ML, analytics)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProprietary AI/ML (Alexa, Rufus, product recommendations)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnterprise SaaS (Salesforce, Workday, ServiceNow for select functions)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobotics and automation in fulfillment centers\u003csup id=\"fnref9:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMulti-billion dollar investment in Anthropic (AI startup)\u003csup id=\"fnref10:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunch of Rufus AI shopping assistant (2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref11:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAugmenting internal knowledge management and decision support for business units\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhancing customer support and seller enablement with AI-driven insights\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamlining product research and competitive intelligence for category managers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScaling knowledge across global teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomating repetitive research and analysis tasks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrating disparate data sources for real-time decision-making\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate time-to-insight for business, product, and operations teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance customer and seller support with generative AI\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptimize internal knowledge sharing and onboarding\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInternal RFP and competitive intelligence automation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeller onboarding and support knowledge base\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated product research and trend analysis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustomer service augmentation with AI-driven responses\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecutive briefings and real-time market monitoring\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduction in time spent on manual research and reporting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved customer and seller satisfaction metrics\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFaster go-to-market for new products and features\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced employee productivity and retention\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget AWS, retail, and operations business units with tailored AI/knowledge management pilots\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeverage Amazonā€™s culture of experimentation and data-driven decision-making\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePosition Perplexity as an enterprise-grade, secure, and customizable solution\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven ROI in reducing research and support costs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with AWS and existing enterprise tools\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnterprise security and compliance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustomizable knowledge bases for global teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScalability to support Amazonā€™s size and complexity\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePreference for in-house AI solutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData privacy and security concerns\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with proprietary systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a meeting with AWS or retail innovation leads\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePropose a pilot focused on a high-impact workflow (e.g., seller support or category management)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a security and compliance deep dive tailored to Amazonā€™s requirements\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAmazon expanded its AI partnership with Anthropic, signaling a deep commitment to generative AI\u003csup id=\"fnref12:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunched Rufus, an AI shopping assistant, to enhance the customer experience in multiple markets\u003csup id=\"fnref13:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinued global retail expansion, including new country-specific storefronts (e.g., South Africa, Ireland)\u003csup id=\"fnref14:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAWS remains a dominant force in cloud computing, driving significant revenue and innovation\u003csup id=\"fnref15:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAmazon is the worldā€™s largest spender on R\u0026amp;D, investing $73 billion in 2022\u003csup id=\"fnref16:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct Perplexity-Amazon relationship publicly disclosed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Amazon has deep in-house AI/ML capabilities but actively partners with external AI innovators (e.g., Anthropic)\u003csup id=\"fnref17:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAmazon 2023 Annual Report\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLatest earnings call transcripts (Q1 2025)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNews: Amazonā€™s AI investments and Rufus launch (2024)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAWS technology and partnership announcements\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"apple-inc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eApple Inc. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#apple-inc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApple Inc. is the worldā€™s largest technology company by revenue, renowned for its innovation in consumer electronics, software, and digital services. Headquartered in Cupertino, California, Appleā€™s product ecosystemā€”including the iPhone, Mac, iPad, Apple Watch, and a suite of servicesā€”has set industry standards for design, integration, and user experience. With over $391 billion in annual revenue and a global user base exceeding 2 billion active devices, Apple commands leading market share in smartphones, tablets, and wearables. Its strong brand loyalty, continuous product innovation, and expanding enterprise services present significant opportunities for integration with advanced AI solutions like Perplexity Enterprise Pro\u003csup id=\"fnref18:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Cupertino, California, USA\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Consumer electronics, software, digital services\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e Over 160,000 employees; $391.04B revenue (FY2024)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To bring the best user experience to customers through innovative hardware, software, and services\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunched new MacBook Air (M4, 2025) and iPad Air (2025) models\u003csup id=\"fnref:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinues to expand Apple Vision Pro and AI-driven features across its ecosystem\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTim Cook ā€“ Chief Executive Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Joined Apple in 1998, previously SVP of Worldwide Operations; became CEO in 2011 after Steve Jobs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Operational excellence, global expansion, sustainability, privacy, and services growth\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Supply chain optimization, enterprise partnerships, AI-driven efficiency\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLuca Maestri ā€“ Chief Financial Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Joined Apple in 2013; prior roles at Xerox and General Motors\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial strategy, capital allocation, investor relations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e ROI-driven technology investments, cost optimization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKatherine Adams ā€“ SVP and General Counsel\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Joined Apple in 2017; previously General Counsel at Honeywell\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Regulatory compliance, privacy, legal risk management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Data governance, regulatory AI solutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJohn Ternus ā€“ SVP, Hardware Engineering\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e At Apple since 2001; leads Mac, iPad, and AirPods hardware development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Product innovation, hardware-software integration\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e AI-enhanced product design, workflow automation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEddy Cue ā€“ SVP, Services\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e At Apple since 1989; oversees Appleā€™s services including iCloud, Apple Music, and Apple TV+\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Digital services growth, ecosystem integration, content partnerships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e AI-powered content discovery, customer experience\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e $391.04 billion (FY2024); consistently strong year-over-year growth\u003csup id=\"fnref19:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded (NASDAQ: AAPL); first U.S. company to surpass $3 trillion market cap in 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref20:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Market-leading profitability, robust cash reserves, expanding high-margin services\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Proprietary Apple silicon (M-series chips), macOS/iOS/iPadOS, iCloud, Apple Pay, AI/ML frameworks, enterprise device management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Apple Vision Pro (spatial computing), AI-driven features across devices, custom silicon advancements\u003csup id=\"fnref1:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can enhance enterprise knowledge management, internal search, and workflow automation within Appleā€™s secure, privacy-centric environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with Appleā€™s device management and productivity suites (iWork, Xcode, Final Cut Pro)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScaling internal knowledge sharing across global teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerating R\u0026amp;D cycles with AI-powered research tools\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnsuring data privacy and compliance in AI deployments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s enterprise AI can streamline internal search, accelerate product development, and enhance customer support\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdvanced AI can support Appleā€™s commitment to privacy and operational efficiency\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered knowledge base for engineering and product teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated research synthesis for legal, compliance, and regulatory teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced enterprise search across Appleā€™s vast documentation and support resources\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven customer support and troubleshooting for AppleCare\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompetitive intelligence and market analysis for executive decision-making\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced time-to-insight for R\u0026amp;D and support teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved employee productivity and collaboration\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced customer satisfaction and retention via AI-powered support\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePosition Perplexity as a privacy-first, enterprise-grade AI partner that complements Appleā€™s own innovation ethos\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight proven integrations with secure, large-scale enterprise environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmphasize customization and compliance with Appleā€™s data governance standards\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate internal knowledge workflows with AI-powered search and synthesis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance product development and support with real-time, context-aware insights\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport Appleā€™s privacy and security commitments with on-premises or hybrid deployment options\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemonstrated ROI in Fortune 500 technology environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about data privacy and proprietary information\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverlap with Appleā€™s in-house AI/ML capabilities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration complexity with proprietary systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a technical discovery session with Appleā€™s enterprise IT and R\u0026amp;D leads\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a tailored pilot focused on a specific workflow (e.g., engineering knowledge base)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare anonymized case studies from comparable technology leaders\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApple launches new MacBook Air and iPad Air models with M4 chips, advancing its silicon leadership\u003csup id=\"fnref2:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinued expansion of Apple Vision Pro and spatial computing ecosystem\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing investments in AI/ML features across hardware and services\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaintains worldā€™s largest market capitalization, surpassing $3.7 trillion in December 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref21:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpanding enterprise services and device management capabilities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement; Appleā€™s enterprise IT and R\u0026amp;D teams are likely stakeholders for initial outreach.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Appleā€™s in-house AI/ML teams and partnerships with other AI vendors may present both competition and collaboration opportunities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApple Inc. Wikipedia profile\u003csup id=\"fnref22:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppleā€™s official newsroom and product launch pages\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent product listings and reviews (Best Buy, Simply Computing)\u003csup id=\"fnref3:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref1:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppleā€™s YouTube channel for product and innovation updates\u003csup id=\"fnref:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"broadcom\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBroadcom \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#broadcom\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBroadcom Inc. is a global leader in semiconductor and infrastructure software, serving critical sectors such as data centers, networking, cloud, wireless, and enterprise software. With a market capitalization exceeding $1 trillion and a diversified revenue stream split between semiconductors and software, Broadcom has cemented its position as a dominant force in the technology industry. The companyā€™s aggressive acquisition strategy, most notably the $69 billion VMware deal, has expanded its reach and capabilities, making it a strategic prospect for enterprise AI and workflow solutions. Broadcomā€™s scale, technology investments, and focus on mission-critical infrastructure present significant opportunities for Perplexity Enterprise Pro to drive value in information workflows and decision intelligence\u003csup id=\"fnref1:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref7:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:8\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e8\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1991 by Henry Samueli and Henry Nicholas (as Broadcom Corporation); Avago Technologies acquired Broadcom in 2016 and adopted the Broadcom name\u003csup id=\"fnref2:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref2:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Palo Alto, California, USA\u003csup id=\"fnref3:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Technology ā€“ Semiconductors and Infrastructure Software\u003csup id=\"fnref4:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref8:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e ~37,000 employees; Market Cap: $1.1 trillion; 2024 revenue exceeded $35 billion (estimated based on historical growth)\u003csup id=\"fnref9:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref5:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To connect everything by designing, developing, and supplying leading-edge semiconductor and software solutions for critical infrastructure\u003csup id=\"fnref1:8\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e8\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClosed $69B acquisition of VMware in November 2023, expanding its enterprise software portfolio\u003csup id=\"fnref6:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurpassed $1 trillion market cap in December 2024 amid AI-driven growth\u003csup id=\"fnref7:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFacing a $70 million tax demand in Israel over an IP sale\u003csup id=\"fnref23:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHock E. Tan ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e CEO since 2006; led Avagoā€™s acquisition of Broadcom and multiple major deals (CA Technologies, Symantec Enterprise, VMware)\u003csup id=\"fnref8:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e M\u0026amp;A, operational efficiency, expanding software and AI capabilities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep expertise in scaling global tech operations and integrating acquisitions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKirsten Spears ā€“ Chief Financial Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Longstanding finance executive; instrumental in managing Broadcomā€™s financial growth and acquisition integration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial strategy, capital allocation, risk management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Experience with large-scale deal financing and cost optimization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharlie Kawwas ā€“ President, Semiconductor Solutions Group\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Oversees all semiconductor business units; expert in networking, data center, and wireless technologies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Product innovation, supply chain, customer engagement in hyperscale and telecom.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep understanding of enterprise customer needs and technology partnerships.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTom Krause ā€“ President, Software Group (formerly VMware)\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Led Broadcomā€™s software business and now heads the VMware division post-acquisition.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Software integration, cloud, security, and SaaS growth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Synergies between infrastructure software and AI-powered workflow solutions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Estimated $35ā€“40 billion for FY2024, with strong double-digit growth driven by AI and software expansion\u003csup id=\"fnref10:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref9:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Public company (NASDAQ: AVGO); major acquisitions funded via cash and stock.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Market cap over $1.1 trillion; revenue mix shifting toward software (42% of revenue as of 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref11:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref10:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e High margins in both semiconductor and software segments; robust cash flow supports ongoing investment and M\u0026amp;A\u003csup id=\"fnref12:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSemiconductors: Networking ASICs (Tomahawk, Jericho), WiFi/Bluetooth SoCs, storage controllers, RF modules\u003csup id=\"fnref11:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref3:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoftware: VMware (cloud, virtualization), Symantec Enterprise Security, BizOps tools (Clarity, Rally, Blaze CT, DX Operational Intelligence)\u003csup id=\"fnref12:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVMware acquisition ($69B) for cloud and virtualization leadership\u003csup id=\"fnref13:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpansion of AI-optimized chipsets and high-speed networking solutions (Tomahawk 5, Jericho2)\u003csup id=\"fnref14:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can integrate with Broadcomā€™s enterprise software (VMware, Symantec) and data center platforms to enhance search, knowledge management, and AI-driven insights.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging information silos post-acquisitions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComplexity in cross-division collaboration and knowledge sharing between hardware and software groups.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScaling AI and automation across a global, multi-business organization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamline information discovery and decision-making for engineering, sales, and support teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance post-merger integration by unifying knowledge assets from Broadcom and VMware.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport AI-driven automation in product development, customer support, and compliance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnified search across Broadcomā€™s internal systems, including VMware and Symantec platforms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered competitive intelligence and market monitoring for executive and sales teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated technical documentation retrieval for engineering and support.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegulatory intelligence and risk monitoring for global compliance teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerated onboarding and training for new employees post-acquisition.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMetrics: Reduced time-to-information, higher productivity, faster integration post-acquisition, improved customer response times, and lower operational costs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget executive sponsors in both the software and semiconductor divisions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeverage Broadcomā€™s focus on operational efficiency and AI to position Perplexity as a force multiplier.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight proven ROI in accelerating knowledge workflows and post-merger integration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s AI-driven search can unify Broadcomā€™s vast technical and business knowledge base.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with VMware and Symantec platforms to maximize recent investments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven impact on productivity and decision speed in complex, global organizations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport for compliance, risk, and regulatory monitoring in a rapidly evolving tech landscape.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScalable solution for both hardware and software teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns over data privacy and integration with sensitive IP.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComplexity of deploying new tools across multiple business units.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverlap with existing internal search or knowledge management platforms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a discovery call with leaders in the VMware and Symantec divisions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a tailored pilot focused on post-merger knowledge integration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrepare a case study relevant to large-scale, multi-division technology enterprises.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClosed $69B acquisition of VMware, expanding enterprise software footprint\u003csup id=\"fnref15:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarket cap surpassed $1 trillion in December 2024, driven by AI and cloud demand\u003csup id=\"fnref16:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFacing $70 million tax dispute in Israel over IP sale\u003csup id=\"fnref24:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing focus on AI-optimized networking and semiconductor innovation\u003csup id=\"fnref17:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEuropean Union previously investigated Broadcom for antitrust practices in software licensing\u003csup id=\"fnref18:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No publicly disclosed direct engagement with Perplexity; likely touchpoints via VMware and Symantec enterprise teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive partnerships and competition with major enterprise IT vendors (Nvidia, Qualcomm, Cisco, HPE, Dell, Apple, Google)\u003csup id=\"fnref19:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref4:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBroadcom Inc. official website and solutions overview\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent earnings calls and investor presentations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNews coverage of VMware acquisition and AI market expansion\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegulatory filings and antitrust proceedings (EU, Israel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnalyst commentary on post-merger integration and AI strategy\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"google\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGoogle \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#google\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGoogle LLC, a subsidiary of Alphabet Inc., is a global technology leader renowned for its dominance in online search, advertising, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence. With a mission to \u0026ldquo;organize the world\u0026rsquo;s information and make it universally accessible and useful,\u0026rdquo; Google has built a vast portfolio of consumer and enterprise products, including Search, YouTube, Android, and Google Cloud. The company continues to innovate aggressively in AI and cloud, positioning itself as a critical partner for organizations seeking digital transformation at scale. Recent investments in AI hubs and ongoing growth in search traffic underscore Googleā€™s commitment to global expansion and technology leadership\u003csup id=\"fnref4:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref25:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Mountain View, California, USA\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Technology, with a focus on online advertising, search, cloud computing, AI, and consumer electronics\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e Over 190,000 employees globally (Alphabet Inc., 2024); annual revenue exceeding $300 billion (Alphabet, 2024, est.)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e \u0026ldquo;To organize the world\u0026rsquo;s information and make it universally accessible and useful\u0026rdquo;\u003csup id=\"fnref5:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunched a major AI hub in Saudi Arabia to support Vision 2030, aiming to drive $71B in economic impact\u003csup id=\"fnref6:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing legal and regulatory scrutiny in the US and EU regarding search and shopping market dominance\u003csup id=\"fnref7:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSundar Pichai ā€“ CEO, Google \u0026amp; Alphabet\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Joined Google in 2004; led Chrome, Android, and product management before becoming CEO in 2015 (Google) and Alphabet in 2019.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e AI innovation, global growth, regulatory compliance, cloud expansion.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep technical background, strong advocate for responsible AI.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRuth Porat ā€“ President \u0026amp; Chief Investment Officer, Alphabet (former CFO)\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Former CFO at Morgan Stanley; joined Google in 2015.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial strategy, capital allocation, M\u0026amp;A.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Expertise in tech investments and financial leadership.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThomas Kurian ā€“ CEO, Google Cloud\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Former President of Product Development at Oracle; joined Google in 2018.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Cloud growth, enterprise partnerships, AI/ML expansion.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep experience in enterprise sales and cloud transformation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrabhakar Raghavan ā€“ SVP, Search, Assistant \u0026amp; Ads\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Former Yahoo! Labs head; Stanford PhD.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Search innovation, ads monetization, generative AI.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Academic and industry leader in information retrieval.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhilipp Schindler ā€“ SVP \u0026amp; Chief Business Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Joined Google in 2005; oversees global sales and operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Revenue growth, global partnerships, advertising.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Experience in scaling global sales teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Alphabet reported over $300 billion in annual revenue for 2024 (est.), with Google contributing the majority\u003csup id=\"fnref8:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Initial funding of $100,000 in 1998; IPO in 2004 raised $1.67 billion\u003csup id=\"fnref9:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Consistent double-digit revenue growth driven by advertising, cloud, and new AI services; strong cash reserves and profitability\u003csup id=\"fnref10:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Proprietary infrastructure (data centers, AI/ML platforms), Google Cloud, TensorFlow, Android, Chrome, Workspace, Gemini (AI), and more\u003csup id=\"fnref11:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref20:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Major AI hub in Saudi Arabia; expansion of generative AI (Gemini), integration of AI across Search and Workspace\u003csup id=\"fnref12:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref26:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Perplexity can integrate with Google Workspace, Cloud, and Gemini APIs to enhance enterprise search, knowledge management, and AI-powered insights.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e Managing data privacy, regulatory compliance, and scaling AI solutions across global teams; integrating new AI capabilities into legacy workflows\u003csup id=\"fnref13:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced enterprise search and knowledge discovery within Google Workspace and Cloud environments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered insights for decision-making, research, and productivity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with existing Google tools to reduce context-switching.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnterprise search augmentation for large organizations using Google Workspace.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven research assistants for product, marketing, and engineering teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated knowledge management and summarization for internal documentation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegulatory and compliance monitoring using AI.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced customer support and self-service with conversational AI.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduction in time spent searching for information.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreased productivity and employee satisfaction.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved compliance and risk management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuantifiable cost savings from automation and workflow optimization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget product and engineering leaders in Google Cloud and Workspace with a focus on AI-powered knowledge management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeverage case studies from other tech leaders; highlight integration with Googleā€™s existing stack.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePosition Perplexity as a complementary layer to Googleā€™s AI and search capabilities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s unique ability to unify enterprise knowledge across silos.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven ROI in reducing information overload for large, distributed teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with Google Workspace and Cloud.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced compliance and auditability in regulated industries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport for multilingual and global teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRedundancy with Googleā€™s own AI/search offerings (counter: Perplexity as an augmentation and differentiator).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData privacy and security concerns (counter: robust compliance, on-prem/cloud options).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration complexity (counter: proven integrations with Google APIs).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a discovery call with Google Cloud or Workspace product teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrepare a tailored demo showcasing Perplexityā€™s integration with Google environments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare customer success stories from similar enterprise clients.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAttend or sponsor relevant Google Cloud/AI events.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGoogle launched a new AI hub in Saudi Arabia, targeting $71B in economic impact and regional AI leadership\u003csup id=\"fnref14:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing regulatory scrutiny in the US and EU regarding search and shopping market dominance, resulting in fines and compliance mandates\u003csup id=\"fnref15:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinued growth in search traffic, including from Apple devices, and expansion of search features\u003csup id=\"fnref27:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAggressive expansion of generative AI (Gemini) across Google products.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGoogle Cloud and Workspace continue to see strong adoption among enterprise clients.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement; Googleā€™s open API ecosystem provides integration pathways.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Google develops its own AI and search tools (Gemini, Cloud Search), but Perplexity can differentiate through specialized enterprise knowledge solutions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGoogle Wikipedia page for company history and product overview\u003csup id=\"fnref16:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGoogleā€™s official blog for recent product and AI announcements\u003csup id=\"fnref28:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGoogle Workspace product page for integration details\u003csup id=\"fnref21:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGoogle LinkedIn for executive profiles and company updates\u003csup id=\"fnref5:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"interactive-brokers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInteractive Brokers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#interactive-brokers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-5\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-5\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInteractive Brokers (IBKR) is a global leader in electronic brokerage, renowned for its advanced trading technology, low-cost structure, and unparalleled access to global markets. Headquartered in Greenwich, Connecticut, and founded in 1977, IBKR serves over 3.3 million clients across more than 200 countries, with a strong institutional and active trader focus. The company boasts a robust financial profile, cutting-edge technology stack, and a reputation for innovation, making it a compelling prospect for Perplexity Enterprise Pro, especially in areas demanding scalable, AI-driven research and workflow automation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-5\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-5\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1977 by Thomas Peterffy\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Greenwich, Connecticut, USA\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial Services ā€“ Capital Markets, Electronic Brokerage\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e ~3,027 employees, $87.3B market cap, $568.2B customer equity\u003csup id=\"fnref13:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref6:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To provide clients with superior technology and low-cost access to global financial markets\u003csup id=\"fnref14:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref29:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinual expansion of trading tools and AI-driven features (e.g., news tagging, advanced screeners)\u003csup id=\"fnref30:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecord client account growth and international expansion\u003csup id=\"fnref7:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-5\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-5\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMr. Milan Galik ā€“ CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e With IBKR since 1990; engineering background; previously CTO.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Technology innovation, platform reliability, global expansion.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep interest in automation, scalable infrastructure, and AI.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThomas Peterffy ā€“ Founder \u0026amp; Chairman\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Pioneer in computer-assisted trading; majority owner via IBG Holdings LLC.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic vision, market structure, technology leadership.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Advocacy for automation, early AI adoption, global market access.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePaul Brody ā€“ CFO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive experience in financial management and reporting for public companies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial growth, cost optimization, compliance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Data-driven decision-making, operational efficiency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSteve Sanders ā€“ EVP, Marketing \u0026amp; Product Development\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Product and marketing leadership; focus on user experience and platform differentiation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Product innovation, client acquisition, digital strategy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Interest in AI-powered client engagement and analytics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-5\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-5\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Not explicitly disclosed for 2024, but market cap is $87.3B; customer equity $568.2B; 3.34M+ client accounts\u003csup id=\"fnref15:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref8:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Public company (NASDAQ: IBKR); IPO in 2007\u003csup id=\"fnref9:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Consistent account and asset growth; average 2.6M trades per day in 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref10:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e P/E ratio 27.85; EPS $7.42\u003csup id=\"fnref16:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOpportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Global expansion, increased adoption of low-cost trading, and technology-driven margin improvement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-5\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-5\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProprietary trading platforms: Trader Workstation (TWS), IBKR Mobile, IBKR GlobalTrader, IBKR Client Portal\u003csup id=\"fnref31:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref22:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAPIs: REST, FIX, Excel, and custom integrations\u003csup id=\"fnref32:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdvanced analytics, risk management (Risk Navigator), AI-driven features (news tagging, screeners)\u003csup id=\"fnref33:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref23:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI enhancements in news analytics and trading tools\u003csup id=\"fnref34:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpansion of mobile and web trading features\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can enhance research workflows, automate data extraction, and provide AI-driven insights directly within IBKRā€™s client and internal portals.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePotential for API-level integration to deliver contextual answers and analytics for traders, advisors, and support staff.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlatform complexity can overwhelm new users\u003csup id=\"fnref35:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref24:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh volume of information and need for rapid, accurate research\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemand for real-time, actionable intelligence across global markets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-5\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-5\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can streamline research, automate market intelligence, and improve client onboarding and support with AI-powered answers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance internal productivity for both client-facing and back-office teams through workflow automation and contextual knowledge delivery.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time market and regulatory research for advisors and traders\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated client support and onboarding (AI-powered chat, knowledge base)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompetitive intelligence and risk monitoring\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with IBKRā€™s APIs and client portal for seamless user experience\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTraining and enablement for new platform users\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduction in manual research time and support costs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved client satisfaction and retention\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFaster onboarding and training cycles\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced compliance and risk management through automated monitoring\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-5\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-5\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget CTO, product, and operations leaders with tailored demos showing Perplexityā€™s integration with trading workflows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight AI-powered research, compliance, and support use cases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeverage case studies from financial services and capital markets.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œAccelerate research and decision-making for your clients and teams with Perplexityā€™s AI.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œReduce support costs and improve client satisfaction with automated, accurate answers.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œSeamlessly integrate Perplexity into IBKRā€™s existing portals and APIs.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œEmpower global teams with real-time, multi-language market intelligence.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œDrive operational efficiency and compliance with automated monitoring and reporting.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about data privacy and regulatory compliance (counter: Perplexity offers enterprise-grade security and compliance features).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration complexity (counter: Perplexityā€™s flexible APIs and proven financial services deployments).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverlap with existing analytics tools (counter: Perplexity complements, not replaces, existing platforms by automating unstructured research and support tasks).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIdentify and connect with product and technology decision-makers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a tailored proof-of-concept focused on research automation and client support.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSchedule discovery call to map current pain points in research and support workflows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-5\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-5\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecord client account growth and global expansion in 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref11:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing platform enhancements: AI-driven news tagging, new mobile features, and advanced screeners\u003csup id=\"fnref36:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinued leadership in low-cost, high-volume trading and global market access\u003csup id=\"fnref37:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref25:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpansion into new geographies and asset classes (e.g., cryptocurrency, ESG investing)\u003csup id=\"fnref38:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref12:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrong financial momentum with increasing assets under custody and daily trade volumes\u003csup id=\"fnref13:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-5\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-5\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior engagement with Perplexity found.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Competes with other global brokers (Charles Schwab, Fidelity, E*TRADE, etc.), all investing in AI-powered platforms and support.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-5\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-5\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInteractive Brokers official website and investor relations\u003csup id=\"fnref9:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLatest IBKR stock and financial data\u003csup id=\"fnref17:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn-depth reviews and technology analysis\u003csup id=\"fnref39:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref26:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWikipedia company history and structure\u003csup id=\"fnref14:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"marvell-technology-inc-mrvl\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMarvell Technology, Inc. (MRVL) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#marvell-technology-inc-mrvl\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-6\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMarvell Technology, Inc. is a leading fabless semiconductor company specializing in high-performance chips for data centers, AI infrastructure, cloud computing, 5G, and automotive markets. Despite recent stock volatility and a sharp decline from its 2025 highs, Marvell remains strategically positioned to capitalize on the AI-driven transformation of enterprise and hyperscale networking. With a global footprint, robust R\u0026amp;D, and a leadership team focused on custom silicon solutions, Marvell presents significant partnership and integration opportunities for advanced AI platforms like Perplexity Enterprise Pro.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-6\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1995 by Weili Dai and Pantas Sutardja\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Wilmington, Delaware\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Semiconductors, focused on data center, AI, networking, storage, 5G, and automotive segments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e 7,042 employees; Market Cap: ~$55.1B; FY24 revenue: $5.77B\u003csup id=\"fnref10:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To power the foundations of AI and next-gen infrastructure with accelerated compute, connectivity, and storage solutions\u003csup id=\"fnref:10\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e10\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDelayed Investor Day to focus on a webinar about custom silicon for AI infrastructure\u003csup id=\"fnref17:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrong Q4 data center revenue growth (+78%), driven by AI demand\u003csup id=\"fnref18:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCEO Matt Murphy reaffirmed commitment to Marvell amid speculation about leadership changes\u003csup id=\"fnref17:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-6\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMatthew J. Murphy ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e CEO since 2016; previously at Maxim Integrated; deep experience in semiconductors and business transformation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e AI infrastructure, custom silicon, strategic partnerships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e AI ecosystem leadership, R\u0026amp;D innovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWillem Meintjes ā€“ CFO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Joined Marvell in 2018; prior finance leadership roles at Maxim Integrated and other tech firms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial strategy, operational efficiency, capital allocation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Cost optimization, ROI-driven tech investments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDan Christman ā€“ EVP, Storage Business Group\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive experience in storage technologies and product development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Storage controllers, SSD/HDD innovation, cloud storage\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Data infrastructure, cloud partnerships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLorenzo Flores ā€“ EVP, Operations\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Operations and supply chain leadership in semiconductors\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Manufacturing, supply chain resilience, global operations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Scalability, global deployment\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNoam Mizrahi ā€“ CTO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep technical expertise in networking, AI, and chip design\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Technology vision, AI/ML integration, next-gen architectures\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e AI/ML workflow optimization, technical partnerships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-6\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e $5.77B (FY24), projected to grow 44% in 2025 and 18% in 2026, reaching $9.78B by FY27\u003csup id=\"fnref19:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref1:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded since 2000; no recent private funding rounds\u003csup id=\"fnref11:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Data center and AI-related revenues are the primary growth engines, with AI revenue expected to top $4B in 2025\u003csup id=\"fnref40:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e Net income was negative in FY24 (āˆ’$885M), but adjusted earnings and EBITDA margins (~17%) show operational strength\u003csup id=\"fnref2:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFinancial Challenges/Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Stock is down ~45% YTD due to market volatility and cautious guidance, but analysts see undervaluation and strong long-term prospects\u003csup id=\"fnref18:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref15:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-6\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Custom ASICs, system-on-chip (SoC), Ethernet controllers, AI/data center chips, storage controllers, 800G/1.6T optical DSPs, 400ZR, SSD/HDD controllers\u003csup id=\"fnref12:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref1:10\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e10\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Focused on custom silicon for AI infrastructure, high-speed optical connectivity, and next-gen networking\u003csup id=\"fnref20:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref41:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Perplexity can integrate with Marvellā€™s AI and data center platforms to enhance data processing, knowledge management, and workflow automation for engineering and R\u0026amp;D teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e Managing rapid AI-driven product cycles, data integration across global teams, and scaling knowledge sharing in a complex, fast-evolving tech environment\u003csup id=\"fnref18:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref19:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-6\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate AI/ML research and development by streamlining access to technical knowledge and market intelligence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance collaboration across global engineering, product, and sales teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport faster, more informed decision-making in custom silicon and AI product lines\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven competitive intelligence for product management and go-to-market teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnical documentation search and synthesis for R\u0026amp;D and engineering\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated summarization of industry trends, patents, and regulatory changes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorkflow automation for sales enablement and customer support\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time insights for executive leadership and investor relations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduce time-to-insight for technical and market research\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncrease productivity of engineering and product teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuantify value via improved win rates, faster product development cycles, and lower support costs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-6\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e Target CTO, VP of Engineering, and Product Management leaders with a value proposition centered on AI-powered knowledge management and workflow acceleration. Leverage Marvellā€™s focus on AI infrastructure and global R\u0026amp;D to position Perplexity as a strategic enabler.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s AI platform can streamline technical research and competitive analysis for Marvellā€™s engineering teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with existing cloud, storage, and AI workflows to boost productivity\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven ROI in accelerating product cycles and reducing operational silos\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustomizable solutions for semiconductor and AI infrastructure leaders\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecurity and compliance features aligned with global enterprise requirements\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about integration with proprietary systems (counter: Perplexityā€™s robust API and security controls)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBudget constraints amid market volatility (counter: focus on productivity gains and cost savings)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData privacy and IP protection (counter: enterprise-grade compliance and on-prem options)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSchedule a discovery call with CTO or VP Engineering\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a tailored demo focused on AI/ML and semiconductor R\u0026amp;D workflows\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies from similar semiconductor or AI infrastructure clients\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProvide a pilot proposal with clear success metrics\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-6\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStock is down nearly 50% YTD, but analysts see upside as AI demand accelerates\u003csup id=\"fnref16:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref20:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDelayed Investor Day in favor of a focused AI custom silicon webinar\u003csup id=\"fnref21:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData center and AI revenue surged 78% in Q4, outpacing most competitors\u003csup id=\"fnref21:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCEO Matt Murphy reaffirmed commitment to Marvell amid external speculation\u003csup id=\"fnref19:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnalyst price targets range from $90 (Susquehanna) to $130 (JP Morgan), reflecting a bullish long-term outlook despite near-term volatility\u003csup id=\"fnref22:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref42:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-6\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No documented direct connections to Perplexity; opportunity to build greenfield relationships with R\u0026amp;D and product teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Competes with Nvidia, AMD, and Intel in AI/data center chips; partners and competes with leading cloud providers (Amazon, Google) on custom silicon\u003csup id=\"fnref43:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref2:8\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e8\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-6\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarvell Technology, Inc. website and investor relations: marvell.com\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZacks, MarketWatch, and JP Morgan analyst coverage for latest earnings and strategic updates\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnical and financial data from TradingView, Morningstar, and Nasdaq\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis report is designed to guide a focused, high-value engagement with Marvell Technology, aligning Perplexityā€™s capabilities with Marvellā€™s strategic priorities in AI, data infrastructure, and global R\u0026amp;D collaboration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"meta-platforms-inc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMeta Platforms, Inc. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#meta-platforms-inc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-7\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-7\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeta Platforms, Inc. (NASDAQ: META) is a global leader in social technology, operating some of the worldā€™s most influential digital platformsā€”including Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger, and Threads. Headquartered in Menlo Park, California, Meta has aggressively expanded into artificial intelligence, virtual and augmented reality, and next-generation connectivity solutions. With a workforce of over 76,000 and a market capitalization exceeding $1.6 trillion, Metaā€™s strategic priorities center on AI innovation, immersive experiences, and global connectivity. The companyā€™s scale, rapid technology adoption, and enterprise focus make it a prime candidate for Perplexity Enterprise Proā€™s advanced AI solutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-7\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-7\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg and co-founders\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Menlo Park, California, USA\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Internet Content \u0026amp; Information, Social Technology\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e 76,834 employees; $1.6 trillion market cap\u003csup id=\"fnref13:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref23:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To build the future of human connection and the technology that makes it possible\u003csup id=\"fnref44:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref17:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunched new AI models (Llama 2, Movie Gen) and expanded open-source AI strategy\u003csup id=\"fnref24:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvested $10B in a Louisiana AI data center (2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref25:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRolled out Ray-Ban Meta AI Glasses and advanced AR/VR hardware\u003csup id=\"fnref20:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref26:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRolled back DEI initiatives and shifted content moderation policies (2025)\u003csup id=\"fnref27:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-7\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-7\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMark Zuckerberg ā€“ CEO \u0026amp; Founder\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Harvard dropout, founded Facebook in 2004; led the company through its rebrand to Meta and into AI/metaverse investments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e AI, metaverse, global expansion, regulatory strategy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep interest in open-source AI, global impact, and enterprise partnerships.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSusan Li ā€“ CFO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Joined Meta in 2008, held various finance leadership roles before becoming CFO.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial discipline, operational efficiency, capital allocation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e ROI-driven technology investments, cost optimization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAndrew Bosworth ā€“ CTO \u0026amp; Head of Reality Labs\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Early Facebook engineer; now leads AR/VR, metaverse, and hardware strategy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Spatial computing, immersive tech, hardware/software integration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e AI-powered content, workflow automation, developer tools.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNick Clegg ā€“ President, Global Affairs\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Former UK Deputy Prime Minister; joined Meta in 2018.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Policy, regulation, global market entry.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Compliance, data privacy, international expansion.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJavier Olivan ā€“ COO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Longtime Meta executive, previously led growth and product teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Product innovation, user growth, operational scaling.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e AI for user engagement, scaling enterprise solutions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-7\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-7\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e $134.9 billion (2023), with 97.8% from advertising\u003csup id=\"fnref28:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarket Cap:\u003c/strong\u003e $1.6 trillion (May 2025)\u003csup id=\"fnref14:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Stock price up 150% in 2023; all-time high in early 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref29:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e IPO in 2012; self-funded through strong cash flows since\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e High margins, but significant R\u0026amp;D investment ($35.3B in 2022)\u003csup id=\"fnref30:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFinancial Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e AI-driven efficiency, new revenue streams in hardware and enterprise AI\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-7\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-7\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProprietary AI models (Llama 2, Movie Gen)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAR/VR (Meta Quest, Ray-Ban Meta Glasses)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMassive data infrastructure, global content delivery\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdvanced cloud and edge computing\u003csup id=\"fnref31:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref18:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e$10B AI data center in Louisiana (2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref32:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen-sourcing Llama 2 for commercial use\u003csup id=\"fnref33:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmart glasses and immersive hardware\u003csup id=\"fnref21:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref34:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can augment Metaā€™s internal AI research, content moderation, and developer productivity tools.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with Metaā€™s open-source AI initiatives and enterprise data workflows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScaling AI research and deployment globally\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging content moderation at scale\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData privacy and regulatory compliance across jurisdictions\u003csup id=\"fnref35:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-7\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-7\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can accelerate Metaā€™s AI research, automate knowledge management, and enhance developer productivity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdvanced search and summarization for internal content, research, and regulatory workflows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered content moderation and compliance checks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeveloper enablement: code search, documentation, and troubleshooting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecutive intelligence: real-time market, policy, and competitor insights\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorkflow automation for AR/VR and hardware teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced customer and partner support via AI assistants\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced manual research and moderation costs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerated product development cycles\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved compliance and risk management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeasurable uplift in employee productivity and decision speed\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-7\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-7\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget CTO, AI research, and enterprise operations teams with tailored demos.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmphasize Perplexityā€™s alignment with Metaā€™s open-source and enterprise AI priorities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight integration with existing AI and developer tools.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œSupercharge Metaā€™s AI research and developer workflows with Perplexityā€™s advanced search and summarization.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œAccelerate compliance and content moderation using Perplexityā€™s real-time, explainable AI.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œDrive measurable ROI by reducing time-to-insight for product, legal, and policy teams.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œSeamless integration with Metaā€™s open-source and proprietary platforms.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about data privacy and securityā€”address with on-premises or private cloud deployment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInternal AI capabilitiesā€”position Perplexity as a force multiplier, not a replacement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScalabilityā€”demonstrate proven enterprise deployments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a technical discovery session with AI and developer productivity leads.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies relevant to large-scale tech firms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a pilot focused on a high-impact workflow (e.g., content moderation or developer enablement).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-7\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-7\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunched Movie Gen, a new generative AI model for video and audio (Oct 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref36:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnounced $10B AI data center investment in Louisiana (Dec 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref37:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRolled back DEI initiatives and shifted moderation policies post-2024 US election (Jan 2025)\u003csup id=\"fnref38:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClosed 2 million scam-linked accounts in Southeast Asia and UAE (Nov 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref39:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlobal outage impacted all major platforms (Dec 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref40:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-7\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-7\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement; Metaā€™s open-source AI focus suggests high receptivity to advanced AI partnerships.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep partnerships with Microsoft (cloud/AI), but ongoing evaluation of best-in-class AI tools for internal and external use.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-7\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-7\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeta Investor Relations: investor.fb.com\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeta Careers: metacareers.com\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeta Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meta_Platforms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeta AI Research: ai.meta.com\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent news coverage (TechCrunch, ProPublica, Forbes)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"microsoft\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMicrosoft \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#microsoft\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-8\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicrosoft Corporation is a global technology leader headquartered in Redmond, Washington, with a robust presence across software, cloud computing, AI, gaming, and hardware. With a market capitalization exceeding $3.4 trillion and a workforce of 228,000, Microsoft continues to dominate the enterprise software and cloud markets while aggressively expanding its AI and data center infrastructure worldwide. The companyā€™s recent investments in AI, cloud, and strategic partnerships, coupled with a strong executive team led by Satya Nadella, position Microsoft as a high-value prospect for Perplexity Enterprise Pro, particularly in areas of AI agent integration, workflow automation, and enterprise knowledge management\u003csup id=\"fnref22:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref19:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-8\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1975 by Bill Gates and Paul Allen\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Redmond, Washington, USA\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Technology ā€“ Software, Cloud, AI, Gaming, Hardware\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e 228,000 employees; $3.4T+ market cap; global operations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To empower every person and every organization on the planet to achieve more\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e$3.3B investment in Wisconsin AI hub (May 2024)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e$1.5B investment in UAE-based G42 for AI/cloud (April 2024)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMajor AI/data center expansions in Indonesia, UK, and US (2024)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLayoffs in mixed reality, Azure cloud, and DEI teams (2024)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh-profile global IT outage linked to CrowdStrike update (July 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref20:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-8\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSatya Nadella ā€“ Chairman \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Joined Microsoft in 1992; previously led Cloud \u0026amp; Enterprise; CEO since 2014\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFocus:\u003c/strong\u003e AI-first transformation, cloud leadership, global expansion\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConnection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e AI, digital transformation, enterprise productivity\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAmy Hood ā€“ Executive Vice President \u0026amp; CFO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e At Microsoft since 2002; CFO since 2013; key role in major acquisitions (LinkedIn, GitHub, Activision Blizzard)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFocus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial discipline, strategic investments, M\u0026amp;A\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConnection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e ROI, cost optimization, strategic tech partnerships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRajesh Jha ā€“ EVP, Experiences \u0026amp; Devices\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e 30+ years at Microsoft; leads Office, Windows, and Surface teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFocus:\u003c/strong\u003e Productivity software, device integration, enterprise solutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConnection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Workflow automation, enterprise knowledge management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eScott Guthrie ā€“ EVP, Cloud + AI Group\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Architect of Azureā€™s growth; leads cloud, AI, and developer platform strategy\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFocus:\u003c/strong\u003e Cloud infrastructure, AI services, developer ecosystem\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConnection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e AI agent integration, cloud-native solutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMustafa Suleyman ā€“ CEO, Microsoft AI\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Co-founder of DeepMind, former CEO of Inflection AI; joined Microsoft in 2024 to lead AI efforts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFocus:\u003c/strong\u003e Advanced AI research, agentic AI, conversational interfaces\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConnection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e AI agent deployment, LLM integration, enterprise AI adoption\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-8\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e $211.9B (FY2024, latest available); strong double-digit YoY growth\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarket Cap:\u003c/strong\u003e $3.4T+ (May 2025)\u003csup id=\"fnref23:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e EPS $12.92; P/E ratio 35.47\u003csup id=\"fnref24:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Public since 1986; self-funded through operations and cash flow\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Accelerated by AI/cloud demand, major acquisitions, and global expansion\u003csup id=\"fnref25:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref21:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-8\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAzure (cloud), Microsoft 365 (productivity), Dynamics 365 (business apps), GitHub, LinkedIn, Copilot (AI), Power Platform, Surface (hardware), Xbox (gaming)\u003csup id=\"fnref26:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref22:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAurora AI foundation model\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNLWeb conversational interface\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMicrosoft Discovery (agentic AI for R\u0026amp;D)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData centers in US, UK, Indonesia, UAE, and more\u003csup id=\"fnref22:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref27:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref3:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:11\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e11\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can integrate with Microsoft 365, Teams, and Azure for advanced knowledge management, AI-powered search, and workflow automation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging information overload across large global teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnsuring secure, compliant knowledge sharing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamlining access to enterprise insights across platforms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-8\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced enterprise search and knowledge discovery within Microsoft 365 and Teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered agentic workflows to automate research, reporting, and customer support\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved decision intelligence for executives and front-line managers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI assistant for enterprise knowledge management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated RFP/proposal generation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResearch agent for product and market insights\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecutive briefing automation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompliance and regulatory monitoring\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced time-to-insight for employees\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreased productivity via workflow automation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower support costs through AI-driven self-service\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced compliance and risk mitigation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-8\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget decision makers in AI, cloud, and productivity divisions with tailored demos\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmphasize seamless integration with Microsoft 365, Teams, and Azure\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight Perplexityā€™s ability to scale across global, multi-lingual teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s AI agent capabilities complement Microsoftā€™s Copilot and agentic AI vision\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven ROI in reducing information silos and accelerating enterprise decision-making\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecure, compliant, and scalable for Fortune 100 environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFlexible deployment: cloud, on-prem, or hybrid\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrong track record with peer tech giants and regulated industries\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverlap with Copilot or existing Microsoft AI tools (counter: Perplexity offers deeper research, custom workflows, and cross-platform intelligence)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecurity/compliance concerns (counter: enterprise-grade controls, audit trails, and data residency options)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration complexity (counter: robust APIs, Microsoft partner ecosystem, white-glove onboarding)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest executive briefing with Cloud + AI and 365 leadership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProvide tailored proof-of-concept for Microsoftā€™s internal use cases\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies from similar large-scale enterprises\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvite to Perplexity-hosted AI innovation roundtable\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-8\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e$3.3B AI/data center investment in Wisconsin, creating 2,000+ jobs (May 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref23:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e$1.5B partnership with UAEā€™s G42 for AI/cloud; major push into Middle East (April 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref24:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunch of Aurora AI foundation model and NLWeb conversational interface (May 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref23:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref28:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLayoffs in Azure/mixed reality and DEI teams as part of business realignment (Juneā€“July 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref25:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMajor global IT outage tied to CrowdStrike update, impacting Microsoft 365 and Azure (July 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref26:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-8\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct Perplexityā€“Microsoft relationship publicly noted; likely overlap in enterprise AI and developer communities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Microsoft partners with and competes against Google, Amazon, and OpenAI in AI and cloud; Perplexityā€™s unique positioning as an independent AI research platform is a differentiator\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-8\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMicrosoft Build 2025 Book of News\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMicrosoft AI and agentic AI announcements (May 2024)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFinancial data and stock performance (MSFT, NASDAQ)\u003csup id=\"fnref27:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent press releases on AI, cloud, and global expansion initiatives\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis report highlights Microsoftā€™s scale, strategic priorities, and evolving technology landscape, identifying clear opportunities for Perplexity to drive value through advanced AI agent integration, workflow automation, and enterprise knowledge management.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"nvidia\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNVIDIA \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#nvidia\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-9\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-9\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNVIDIA Corporation is the global leader in graphics processing and accelerated computing, with a dominant position in AI hardware and software. Founded in 1993 and headquartered in Santa Clara, California, NVIDIA has evolved from a graphics chip designer to a $3.2 trillion market cap powerhouse driving innovation in gaming, data centers, AI, autonomous vehicles, and robotics. The companyā€™s rapid revenue growth, strong technology stack, and deep enterprise partnerships make it a prime candidate for Perplexity Enterprise Pro, especially as it faces scaling challenges in information workflows and seeks to maintain its competitive edge in the AI era.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-9\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-9\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1993 by Jensen Huang, Chris Malachowsky, and Curtis Priem\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Santa Clara, California, USA\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Semiconductors, with a focus on GPUs, AI hardware/software, and accelerated computing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e ~36,000 employees; Market capitalization: $3.2 trillion\u003csup id=\"fnref45:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To lead in accelerated computing, driving advances in AI, gaming, HPC, creative design, and autonomous systems\u003csup id=\"fnref4:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurpassed Microsoft and Apple to become the worldā€™s most valuable company in June 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref46:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunched the Blackwell AI chip architecture and expanded partnerships in AI-driven security and robotics\u003csup id=\"fnref47:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-9\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-9\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJensen Huang ā€“ President, CEO, and Co-founder\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Electrical engineer, previously at LSI Logic and AMD; led NVIDIA since inception\u003csup id=\"fnref48:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e AI leadership, product innovation, strategic partnerships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Thought leader in AI, active at industry events, strong advocate for accelerated computing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eColette Kress ā€“ EVP \u0026amp; CFO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Formerly at Cisco and Microsoft, extensive experience in financial strategy and operations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial management, capital allocation, investor relations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Data-driven decision making, digital transformation initiatives\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTim Teter ā€“ EVP, General Counsel \u0026amp; Secretary\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Former partner at Cooley LLP, deep expertise in IP, M\u0026amp;A, and regulatory compliance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Legal, compliance, corporate governance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Regulatory trends, risk management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDebora Shoquist ā€“ EVP, Operations\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Operations leadership at Quantum and other tech firms; oversees global supply chain and manufacturing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Operational efficiency, scaling, supply chain resilience\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Process automation, workflow optimization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJay Puri ā€“ EVP, Worldwide Field Operations\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Sales and business development expert, previously at Sun Microsystems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Global sales, channel partnerships, customer engagement\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Enterprise sales enablement, AI-driven customer insights\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-9\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-9\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e $60.9B (FY2024, up 126% YoY)\u003csup id=\"fnref49:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarket Cap:\u003c/strong\u003e $3.2 trillion (as of May 2025)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e EPS $2.94; P/E ratio 44.66\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Public since 1999; no major recent external funding rounds\u003csup id=\"fnref50:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Fastest company to reach $2T and $3T market cap milestones, driven by surging AI/data center demand\u003csup id=\"fnref51:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-9\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-9\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeForce, RTX, Quadro, and Tesla GPUs for gaming, visualization, and AI\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCUDA software platform for parallel programming\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOmniverse for 3D simulation and collaboration\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDGX and Grace CPU for enterprise AI/deep learning\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMellanox networking (acquired 2020), BlueField DPUs\u003csup id=\"fnref52:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref5:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlackwell AI chip architecture (2024)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIsaac GR00T N1 foundation model for robotics (2025)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven security partnerships (e.g., Trend Micro)\u003csup id=\"fnref53:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can integrate with NVIDIAā€™s Omniverse, DGX, and enterprise AI platforms to streamline research, accelerate knowledge discovery, and power technical documentation and workflow automation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRapid scaling of AI research and product teams creates information silos\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNeed for real-time, context-aware knowledge management across global R\u0026amp;D, sales, and support\u003csup id=\"fnref54:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-9\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-9\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate technical research and product development with AI-powered knowledge retrieval\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance cross-team collaboration and onboarding with intelligent documentation and search\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport go-to-market and customer success teams with instant access to technical, sales, and competitive insights\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eR\u0026amp;D: Summarization of technical papers, codebase Q\u0026amp;A, rapid prototyping support\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSales: Competitive intelligence, real-time objection handling, solution mapping\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport: Automated troubleshooting, knowledge base augmentation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecutive: Market monitoring, regulatory landscape analysis, strategic planning\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced time-to-insight for engineering and sales teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved win rates via better competitive and technical positioning\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower support costs through automation and self-service\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-9\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-9\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget R\u0026amp;D and enterprise sales teams with a pilot focused on technical knowledge management and sales enablement\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeverage NVIDIAā€™s culture of innovation and rapid adoption of AI tools\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s ability to unify technical knowledge and accelerate AI-driven workflows\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven ROI in reducing research and onboarding time for global teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with NVIDIAā€™s existing tech stack (Omniverse, DGX, enterprise platforms)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecurity and compliance for sensitive IP and customer data\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about data privacy and IP protection\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCounter: Perplexity Enterprise Pro offers robust security and on-premises options\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverlap with internal AI initiatives\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCounter: Perplexity complements and accelerates in-house efforts, not replaces them\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIdentify pilot team in R\u0026amp;D or sales engineering\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSchedule technical discovery workshop\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrepare custom demo using NVIDIA-relevant datasets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-9\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-9\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurpassed Microsoft and Apple as the worldā€™s most valuable company (June 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref55:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunched Blackwell AI chip architecture and expanded into foundation models for robotics (2024ā€“2025)\u003csup id=\"fnref56:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDOJ antitrust investigation into AI industry influence (June 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref57:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrategic partnership with Trend Micro for AI-driven data center security (June 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref58:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing expansion of Omniverse and enterprise AI solutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-9\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-9\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct Perplexity engagement identified; NVIDIAā€™s R\u0026amp;D and enterprise sales teams likely early adopters of advanced AI tools\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep partnerships with Microsoft, Google, AWS, and other cloud/AI leaders; competitive overlap with OpenAI, Cerebras, Graphcore in AI hardware/software\u003csup id=\"fnref59:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-9\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-9\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNVIDIA Investor Relations: nvidia.com/en-us/about-nvidia/investor-relations/\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent news: DOJ antitrust probe, Blackwell chip launch, Trend Micro partnership\u003csup id=\"fnref60:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnical documentation: nvidia.com/en-us/technologies/\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLinkedIn company profile: linkedin.com/company/nvidia\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"supermicro\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSupermicro \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#supermicro\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-10\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-10\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuper Micro Computer, Inc. (Supermicro) is a leading global provider of high-performance server and storage solutions, renowned for its innovation in modular, energy-efficient, and AI-optimized computing hardware. Headquartered in San Jose, California, Supermicro has experienced rapid growth, driven by surging demand for AI, cloud, and edge computing infrastructure. The companyā€™s expanding international footprint, deep partnerships (notably with NVIDIA), and leadership in liquid-cooled and green computing position it as a critical supplier for hyperscale data centers and enterprises. Recent financial and governance scrutiny, coupled with a robust product roadmap, make Supermicro a high-impact prospect for Perplexity Enterprise Pro, especially in areas of workflow automation, AI integration, and compliance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-10\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-10\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1993 by Charles Liang, Chiu-Chu Liu (Sara), and Wally Liaw\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e 980 Rock Avenue, San Jose, CA 95131, USA\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Computer Hardware Manufacturing, specializing in servers, storage, AI, and edge computing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e 5,684 full-time employees globally; FY2023 revenue: $7.1 billion; Market cap: ~$24.8 billion\u003csup id=\"fnref61:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To deliver high-performance, energy-efficient, and application-optimized IT infrastructure solutions, pioneering green computing and modular design\u003csup id=\"fnref15:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref24:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMajor supplier for xAIā€™s Colossus supercomputer and Tesla Gigafactory Texas in 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref62:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunched industry-leading liquid-cooled servers and expanded green computing initiatives\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpened new manufacturing campuses in California and Taiwan to meet AI-driven demand\u003csup id=\"fnref63:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-10\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-10\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharles Liang ā€“ CEO \u0026amp; Co-Founder\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Electrical engineering degrees (NTUST, University of Texas at Arlington); holds multiple server technology patents; previously president/chief design engineer at Micro Center Computer\u003csup id=\"fnref64:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Product innovation, global expansion, AI and green computing leadership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep engineering background; strong ties to Taiwan and Silicon Valley; hands-on in technology partnerships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChiu-Chu Liu (Sara) ā€“ Co-Founder \u0026amp; Treasurer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Co-founder and key financial steward; significant influence on operational and financial strategy\u003csup id=\"fnref65:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Treasury, compliance, family business governance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Long-term company vision; focus on sustainable growth\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWally Liaw ā€“ Co-Founder \u0026amp; Board Member\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Founding executive; instrumental in early business development and global channel strategy\u003csup id=\"fnref66:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic partnerships, international expansion\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Channel relationships; global go-to-market leadership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eYitai Hu ā€“ Chief Legal Officer (since April 2025)\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Former SVP of Corporate Development; now oversees legal, compliance, and governance\u003csup id=\"fnref67:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Risk management, regulatory response, internal controls\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Compliance transformation; audit process modernization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSusie Giordano ā€“ Board Member\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Joined in 2024; led special committee on internal audit and governance reforms\u003csup id=\"fnref68:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Audit, board independence, governance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Board-level transformation; experience in regulatory oversight\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-10\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-10\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e $7.1 billion (FY2023); rapid YoY growth driven by AI and cloud demand\u003csup id=\"fnref69:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarket Cap:\u003c/strong\u003e ~$24.8 billion (as of May 2025)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e IPO in 2007 ($64 million raised); public company since then\u003csup id=\"fnref70:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Market cap rose from $4.5B (2022) to $60B (March 2024), reflecting explosive demand for AI infrastructure; recent volatility due to governance and audit concerns\u003csup id=\"fnref71:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e P/E ratio ~22.6; EPS $1.84; margins strong but under scrutiny due to recent audit findings\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFinancial Challenges/Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Ongoing need to strengthen internal controls; high capital investment in manufacturing expansion; opportunity to capture growing AI/edge market\u003csup id=\"fnref72:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-10\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-10\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eModular servers, storage systems, GPU-optimized platforms, liquid cooling, server management software (Supermicro Server Manager, SuperCloud Composer, SuperDoctor 5)\u003csup id=\"fnref16:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref25:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeep integration with NVIDIA GPUs and AMD CPUs for AI/ML workloads\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpansion of liquid-cooled and energy-efficient server lines\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTurnkey AI workload solutions (with RAVEL and NVIDIA Blackwell systems)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNew manufacturing facilities for advanced server/storage equipment\u003csup id=\"fnref26:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref73:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities with Perplexity:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven knowledge management for technical support and documentation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorkflow automation for compliance, audit, and regulatory reporting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced search and data discovery for engineering and sales teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging rapid product innovation cycles and technical documentation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScaling support for global customers across multiple languages and regions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnsuring compliance and robust audit trails in light of recent governance issues\u003csup id=\"fnref74:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-10\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-10\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can streamline technical knowledge management, accelerate onboarding, and automate compliance workflows, directly addressing Supermicroā€™s complexity and scale.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered support for R\u0026amp;D and engineering teams (searchable design docs, code, and product specs)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated compliance and audit reporting (especially for SEC/DOJ requirements)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced customer and partner enablement (knowledge base, training, and troubleshooting)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInternal workflow automation (HR, finance, legal documentation)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time competitor and market intelligence for executive decision-making\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced time-to-resolution for technical support queries\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower compliance and audit costs via automation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved employee productivity and onboarding speed\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreased customer satisfaction and retention\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-10\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-10\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePosition Perplexity as a strategic partner for AI-powered knowledge management and workflow automation, emphasizing compliance, scalability, and integration with Supermicroā€™s global operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven ability to enhance technical documentation and support for complex hardware/software products\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomation of compliance and audit workflows, reducing risk and manual effort\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScalable, multilingual support for global teams and customers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with existing server management and cloud platforms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time market and competitor monitoring\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about data security and IP protection\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange management and integration with legacy systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCost justification in light of recent financial scrutiny\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a tailored demo focused on compliance and technical documentation automation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePropose a pilot for AI-powered support in R\u0026amp;D or customer service\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies from similar enterprise hardware companies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEngage with legal and compliance stakeholders to address data governance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-10\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-10\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupermicro supplied half the servers for xAIā€™s Colossus supercomputer, completed in 122 days\u003csup id=\"fnref75:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnounced a joint venture for a renewable energy-powered AI data center in Taiwan (Dec 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref76:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFaced governance and audit scrutiny: DOJ and SEC investigations, auditor changes, and internal control upgrades (2024-2025)\u003csup id=\"fnref77:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWon NAB Showā€™s 2025 Product of the Year for AI workload solution with NVIDIA and RAVEL\u003csup id=\"fnref27:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpanded manufacturing in California and Taiwan to meet AI and liquid cooling demand\u003csup id=\"fnref78:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-10\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-10\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement; strong history of partnerships with NVIDIA, AMD, and cloud providers\u003csup id=\"fnref28:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref79:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep partnerships with NVIDIA, AMD, and Dell; competitive overlap with Dell, HPE, and Lenovo in enterprise and hyperscale markets\u003csup id=\"fnref29:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref80:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-10\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-10\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.supermicro.com\"\u003eSupermicro Official Website\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/company/supermicro\"\u003eSupermicro LinkedIn\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermicro\"\u003eSupermicro Wikipedia\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai/finance/SMCI\"\u003eSMCI Stock Data\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[Recent news coverage: VentureBeat, MarketWatch, CNBC]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"telus\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTELUS \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#telus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-11\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-11\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTELUS Corporation is a leading Canadian communications and technology company, recognized for its aggressive investment in digital infrastructure, social impact, and innovation. With a workforce exceeding 100,000 and a market capitalization of over $24 billion, TELUS is driving a $70 billion, five-year capital plan to expand fiber, 5G, AI, and rural connectivity. Its diversified business model spans telecommunications, healthcare technology, digital customer experience, and agriculture solutions, positioning it as a critical enabler of Canadaā€™s digital transformation. TELUSā€™s commitment to data sovereignty, sustainability, and digital equity aligns well with Perplexityā€™s enterprise AI capabilities, offering multiple integration and value creation opportunities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-11\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-11\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1998 (origins date back over 125 years)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Telecommunications and technology, with focus on digital infrastructure, healthcare IT, and customer experience solutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e 106,800 employees; Market cap ~$24.3B USD; 16.9 million subscriber connections\u003csup id=\"fnref:12\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e12\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To connect Canadians through advanced technology, drive digital inclusion, and deliver social impact at scale\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnounced a C$70 billion investment through 2029 to expand fiber, 5G, AI, and rural access, including sovereign AI data centers and digital equity programs\u003csup id=\"fnref17:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref28:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref6:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing redevelopment of legacy facilities into mixed-use ā€œTELUS Livingā€ real estate to address housing and sustainability\u003csup id=\"fnref18:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref29:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-11\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-11\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDarren Entwistle ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e CEO since 2000; led TELUSā€™s transformation into a diversified technology leader. Holds an MBA and LL.D.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Digital infrastructure, AI leadership, social impact, national competitiveness\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Visionary on AI/data sovereignty; strong advocate for digital inclusion\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAndrea Goertz ā€“ Chief Communications \u0026amp; Sustainability Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Veteran in corporate affairs, sustainability, and stakeholder engagement\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e ESG, sustainability, community partnerships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e ESG and digital equity initiatives\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEros Spadotto ā€“ EVP, Technology Strategy \u0026amp; Business Transformation\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep expertise in network transformation and technology investments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e 5G, fiber, AI infrastructure, digital transformation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e AI, cloud, and integration opportunities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJuggy Sihota ā€“ Chief Growth Officer, TELUS Health\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive experience in digital health and business development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Health tech innovation, digital health platforms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Healthcare AI, data analytics\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJeff Puritt ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO, TELUS International\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Leads digital customer experience and AI solutions arm\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Digital enablement, AI, customer experience\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e AI-powered customer experience, automation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-11\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-11\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e ~$18.3B CAD (2024 estimate); market cap $24.3B USD\u003csup id=\"fnref1:12\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e12\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded (NYSE: TU, TSX: T); ongoing capital investments from retained earnings and debt markets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Aggressive five-year, $70B capital plan; consistent revenue growth driven by technology, healthcare, and digital services expansion\u003csup id=\"fnref19:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref30:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref7:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e EPS $0.57; P/E ratio 28.17\u003csup id=\"fnref2:12\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e12\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFinancial Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Monetizing new AI/data infrastructure, expanding digital health and agriculture platforms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-11\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-11\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5G and LTE wireless networks, PureFibre broadband, cloud and managed IT, cybersecurity, digital health platforms, AI/data analytics, customer experience solutions\u003csup id=\"fnref27:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref3:8\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e8\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref2:10\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e10\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:13\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:13\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e13\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e$70B through 2029 in fiber, 5G, sovereign AI data centers (Kamloops, Rimouski), rural/Indigenous connectivity, sustainability tech\u003csup id=\"fnref20:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref31:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref8:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can integrate with TELUSā€™s AI/data centers, digital health, and customer experience platforms to enhance information retrieval, knowledge management, and workflow automation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging and surfacing insights across vast, siloed datasets; ensuring data sovereignty and compliance; scaling AI/automation in regulated sectors\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-11\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-11\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced AI-driven search and knowledge management for TELUSā€™s internal teams, customer support, and digital health operations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved productivity and decision-making for field, sales, and executive teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompliance-ready, sovereign AI solutions aligned with TELUSā€™s data residency priorities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnified enterprise search across TELUSā€™s telecom, health, and agriculture divisions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered customer and agent support for TELUS International\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated research and compliance monitoring for regulatory teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKnowledge management for network operations and technology strategy\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData-driven insights for ESG and community impact reporting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced time-to-insight for business and technology teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower support costs via AI-powered self-service\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced compliance and reduced risk around data governance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTangible productivity gains for sales, health, and field operations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-11\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-11\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget technology, digital transformation, and health innovation leaders with a focus on AI, data sovereignty, and productivity\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmphasize Perplexityā€™s ability to deliver secure, compliant, and scalable AI solutions that align with TELUSā€™s strategic priorities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s sovereign AI capabilities for Canadian data residency\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with TELUSā€™s new AI/data centers and digital health platforms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven ROI in accelerating knowledge work and customer experience\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport for ESG, sustainability, and digital inclusion goals\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless deployment across TELUSā€™s diversified business units\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about regulatory compliance and data privacy (counter: Perplexityā€™s sovereign AI and compliance track record)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration complexity with legacy systems (counter: flexible APIs and proven enterprise deployments)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eROI justification (counter: case studies, productivity metrics, and pilot program offers)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest discovery call with technology strategy or digital transformation leaders\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePropose pilot focused on enterprise search or customer support automation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies relevant to telecom, health, and regulated industries\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-11\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-11\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnounced $70B investment through 2029 for fiber, 5G, AI, and rural connectivity\u003csup id=\"fnref21:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref32:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref9:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunched sovereign AI data centers in Kamloops and Rimouski to ensure Canadian data residency\u003csup id=\"fnref22:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref33:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpanded digital equity and healthcare programs, reaching over 1.4 million Canadians\u003csup id=\"fnref23:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref34:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing redevelopment of legacy facilities into TELUS Living real estate for sustainability and housing\u003csup id=\"fnref24:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref35:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompetitors (Bell, Rogers) matching TELUSā€™s 25GB data bonus promotions, but TELUS remains price competitive\u003csup id=\"fnref29:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-11\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-11\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement; strong alignment in AI/data initiatives\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Competes with Bell, Rogers, and Freedom Mobile in core telecom; invests heavily to differentiate via technology and social impact\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-11\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-11\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTELUS Corporation website\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTELUS Health and TELUS Digital platforms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent news releases on $70B investment and AI/data center launches\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLinkedIn profiles of executive team\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndustry reports on Canadian telecom and digital health trends\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"consumer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConsumer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#consumer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVegan Companies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"odd-burger\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOdd Burger \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#odd-burger\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-12\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-12\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOdd Burger is a pioneering Canadian fast-food chain specializing in vegan and plant-based cuisine, positioning itself as a disruptor in the quick-service restaurant market. With a mission to make plant-based eating accessible, affordable, and delicious, Odd Burger has expanded across several Canadian provinces, earning a loyal customer base and strong brand recognition. The companyā€™s focus on sustainability, innovative menu offerings, and a scalable business model make it a compelling prospect for enterprise solutions that enhance operational efficiency and customer engagement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-12\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-12\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 2016 by James and Shoshana McInnes (inferred from industry knowledge; not present in search results)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e London, Ontario, Canada (inferred from industry knowledge)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Quick-service restaurant, specializing in vegan/plant-based fast food\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e Estimated 100ā€“200 employees, with multiple locations across Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, and Saskatchewan\u003csup id=\"fnref41:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To revolutionize fast food by making plant-based eating mainstream, accessible, and enjoyable for everyone\u003csup id=\"fnref42:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpansion into new provinces, including Alberta and Saskatchewan\u003csup id=\"fnref43:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunch of new menu items, such as freshly made, personal-sized oven-baked vegan pizzas\u003csup id=\"fnref25:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-12\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-12\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNote: Specific executive profiles are not available in the search results. The following is based on typical organizational structure and public-facing leadership roles.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJames McInnes ā€“ CEO \u0026amp; Co-Founder\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eBackground:\u003c/em\u003e Vegan entrepreneur and advocate for sustainable food systems (inferred from industry knowledge).\n\u003cem\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/em\u003e Brand expansion, innovation in plant-based food, sustainability.\n\u003cem\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/em\u003e Shared interest in food tech, sustainability, and digital transformation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eShoshana McInnes ā€“ Co-Founder \u0026amp; Operations Lead\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eBackground:\u003c/em\u003e Operations and customer experience specialist (inferred).\n\u003cem\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/em\u003e Restaurant operations, customer satisfaction, supply chain efficiency.\n\u003cem\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/em\u003e Process automation, customer engagement solutions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDirector of Technology/IT (Name TBD)\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eBackground:\u003c/em\u003e Oversees technology stack and digital ordering platforms.\n\u003cem\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/em\u003e Tech integrations, online ordering, POS systems.\n\u003cem\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/em\u003e AI-driven customer insights, workflow automation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-12\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-12\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Not publicly disclosed; as a TSXV-listed company (TSXV:ODD), financials are available via SEDAR filings (inferred from Instagram\u003csup id=\"fnref44:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded on the TSX Venture Exchange, with capital raised through public markets\u003csup id=\"fnref45:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Steady expansion across multiple provinces, introduction of new menu items, and strong customer reviews indicate positive momentum\u003csup id=\"fnref30:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref46:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-12\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-12\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnline ordering via proprietary website and third-party platforms (Uber Eats, Smooth Commerce)\u003csup id=\"fnref26:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref36:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref31:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePOS and digital menu management systems\u003csup id=\"fnref37:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSocial media marketing (Instagram, etc.)\u003csup id=\"fnref47:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced digital ordering capabilities and menu innovation (e.g., new vegan pizza launch)\u003csup id=\"fnref27:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered menu optimization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustomer feedback analytics\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKnowledge management for staff training and onboarding\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScaling consistent customer experience across locations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEfficient information sharing for new product launches\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamlining customer feedback into actionable insights\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-12\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-12\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can streamline knowledge sharing, automate customer inquiry responses, and provide actionable analytics from customer feedback.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered FAQ/chatbot for customer service\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInternal knowledge base for staff training and menu updates\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarket intelligence for expansion planning\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSentiment analysis of customer reviews\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorkflow automation for menu and promotion rollouts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced customer service response time\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFaster onboarding and training cycles\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreased operational efficiency\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced data-driven decision making for marketing and product development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-12\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-12\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePosition Perplexity as a partner in digital transformation, emphasizing operational scalability and customer engagement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight case studies from similar QSR/retail clients.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven insights to optimize menu and promotions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with existing digital ordering and POS systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTools for capturing and leveraging customer feedback\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport for multi-location knowledge management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about integration complexityā€”counter with proven plug-and-play solutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBudget constraintsā€”emphasize ROI and efficiency gains\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a discovery call with operations or technology lead\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a demo tailored to QSR workflows\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProvide a brief on Perplexityā€™s impact in foodservice environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-12\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-12\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpansion into Alberta and Saskatchewan, increasing national footprint\u003csup id=\"fnref48:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunch of new vegan pizza offerings, signaling ongoing menu innovation\u003csup id=\"fnref28:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrong customer reviews highlighting food quality and service consistency\u003csup id=\"fnref32:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinued growth in digital ordering and delivery partnerships\u003csup id=\"fnref38:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref33:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eActive social media presence, building brand loyalty and community engagement\u003csup id=\"fnref49:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-12\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-12\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNo direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement found in search results.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompetes with other vegan/plant-based QSR chains and traditional fast-food brands expanding into plant-based offerings.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-12\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-12\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOdd Burger official website\u003csup id=\"fnref29:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOdd Burger on Uber Eats\u003csup id=\"fnref34:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOdd Burger Instagram\u003csup id=\"fnref50:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmooth Commerce digital menu\u003csup id=\"fnref39:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"canajian-eh\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCanajian Eh \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#canajian-eh\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following stocks were recommended by Perplexity in light of the Dean Blundell post:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://deanblundell.substack.com/p/breaking-mark-carney-just-declared?r=3liq56\u0026amp;triedRedirect=true\"\u003eMark Carney Just Declared Canada\u0026rsquo;s Independence from U.S. Militarism\u003c/a\u003e \u0026lt;2025-05-28 Wed\u0026gt;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can view the Perplexity thread \u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai/search/canadian-stock-investment-to-p-hqm.0VktTsC.HxRG7H.p8g\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e. I have left out the 2 non-renewable companies on the list.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"advanced-technology-applications-ata-llc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAdvanced Technology Applications (ATA, LLC) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#advanced-technology-applications-ata-llc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-13\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-13\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdvanced Technology Applications (ATA, LLC) is a mission-driven technology solutions provider specializing in full stack data and AI services for federal and commercial clients. Founded in 2008, ATA has established itself as a trusted partner for organizations seeking advanced engineering, enterprise data solutions, and leadership development to achieve superior mission outcomes. With a strong reputation in both prime and subcontractor roles, ATA is well-positioned in the evolving landscape of AI, data analytics, and digital transformation, making it a strategic target for Perplexity Enterprise Pro engagement\u003csup id=\"fnref30:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref40:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref35:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-13\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-13\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 2008 by a team of technology and engineering professionals\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e United States (specific location not disclosed)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Technology consulting and solutions, with a focus on full stack data, artificial intelligence, and enterprise engineering\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e Not publicly disclosed; operates with a scalable team model for federal and commercial projects\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To deliver evolutionary, mission-driven solutions that leverage advanced data and AI technologies for better business and mission outcomes\u003csup id=\"fnref41:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpansion of full stack AI and data services across federal and commercial sectors\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinued delivery of prime and subcontractor solutions for high-stakes clients\u003csup id=\"fnref36:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-13\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-13\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eName and Title:\u003c/strong\u003e (Not explicitly listed in search results; inferred roles based on typical structure)\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCEO/Founder:\u003c/strong\u003e Likely a senior technologist with federal contracting experience\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCTO/Head of Engineering:\u003c/strong\u003e Expert in full stack development and AI solutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDirector of Federal Programs:\u003c/strong\u003e Focused on government client relationships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHead of Data Solutions:\u003c/strong\u003e Specializes in enterprise data architecture and analytics\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Leadership likely combines experience in technology consulting, federal contracting, and advanced engineering.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDelivering high-impact AI and data solutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpanding federal and commercial client base\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDriving innovation in enterprise data management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShared interests in AI, data analytics, and digital transformation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExperience in federal procurement and compliance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-13\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-13\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Not publicly disclosed; operates in high-value federal and commercial contracts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Privately held; no public funding rounds reported\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Demonstrated growth through expansion of service offerings and client base in federal and commercial sectors\u003csup id=\"fnref42:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref37:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-13\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-13\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFull stack development platforms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI and machine learning frameworks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnterprise data management solutions\u003csup id=\"fnref31:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref43:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref38:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced AI and data analytics capabilities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeadership and development programs for client enablement\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can integrate with ATAā€™s enterprise data and AI workflows to accelerate insights, automate research, and enhance client deliverables.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging complex, multi-source data environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScaling AI solutions for diverse client needs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamlining information retrieval for mission-critical projects\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-13\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-13\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s AI-powered research and knowledge management can reduce time-to-insight and improve decision accuracy for ATAā€™s federal and commercial projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRapid synthesis of technical and regulatory information for proposal development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated competitive intelligence for federal contracting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced knowledge sharing across distributed project teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven data analysis for client deliverables\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorkflow automation in document-heavy environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuantify value through reduced research hours, improved proposal win rates, and faster client onboarding cycles.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-13\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-13\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget CTO and Head of Data Solutions with a tailored demonstration focused on federal contracting use cases and AI-driven workflow automation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate proposal development with instant access to technical and regulatory knowledge\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance data-driven decision-making for client projects\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduce manual research and information retrieval time\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport compliance and audit readiness with AI-powered document analysis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about integration with existing secure data environments (address with Perplexityā€™s enterprise-grade security features)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePreference for in-house AI tools (highlight Perplexityā€™s unique synthesis and research capabilities)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a discovery call with the CTO or Head of Data Solutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a pilot program focused on a current federal contract or proposal effort\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies relevant to federal and enterprise data environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-13\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-13\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eATA continues to expand its AI and data solutions footprint in both federal and commercial markets\u003csup id=\"fnref44:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref39:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe company is recognized for delivering full engineering lifecycle solutions and leadership development for mission-driven outcomes\u003csup id=\"fnref32:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref45:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreasing demand for advanced technology applications in federal contracting presents growth opportunities for ATA.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndustry trends highlight the importance of AI, RPA, and data analytics in government and enterprise sectors\u003csup id=\"fnref81:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref28:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref30:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-13\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-13\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct Perplexity interactions identified in public sources.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e ATA may partner or compete with other federal technology contractors and AI solution providers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-13\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-13\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eATA, LLC Company Website\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eATA LinkedIn Profile\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndustry reports on AI and data analytics in federal contracting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCase studies on AI-driven workflow automation in government and enterprise sectors\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"atkinsrĆ©alis-group\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAtkinsRĆ©alis Group \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#atkinsr%c3%a9alis-group\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-14\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAtkinsRĆ©alis Group, formerly SNC-Lavalin, is a Montreal-based global leader in engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) services. With a workforce of approximately 38,000 employees and operations in over 160 countries, the company is a dominant player in infrastructure, nuclear, and clean energy sectors. Their broad service portfolio, strategic acquisitions, and recent rebranding underscore a commitment to innovation, sustainability, and digital transformationā€”making them a prime candidate for Perplexity Enterprise Proā€™s advanced knowledge management and AI-driven insights.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-14\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1911 by Arthur Surveyer (as SNC; merged with Lavalin in 1991)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Montreal, Quebec, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC); focus on infrastructure, nuclear, clean energy, mining, transportation, water, and defense\u003csup id=\"fnref46:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref40:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref29:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e ~38,000 employees; presence in 50+ countries, projects in 160+ countries\u003csup id=\"fnref47:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref41:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To connect people, data, and technology to transform the worldā€™s infrastructure and energy systems, pioneering a sustainable and vibrant future\u003csup id=\"fnref33:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref42:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRebranded from SNC-Lavalin to AtkinsRĆ©alis in September 2023 to reflect global reach and legacy\u003csup id=\"fnref48:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAwarded major contracts, including the San Tin / Lok Ma Chau Development Node in Hong Kong and key infrastructure projects in the UK, Canada, and Peru\u003csup id=\"fnref34:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref43:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecognized for inclusivity and employee development, e.g., Best Internship Experiences in Peru\u003csup id=\"fnref44:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-14\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIan L. Edwards ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Joined SNC-Lavalin in 2014, became CEO in 2019. Extensive experience in global infrastructure and project management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Growth, transformation, digitalization, and sustainability.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic digital transformation, large-scale EPC experience.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSteve Morriss ā€“ President, U.S., Latin America, and Minerals \u0026amp; Metals\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Leadership roles in engineering and construction across the Americas.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Regional growth, talent development, and operational excellence.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e North and South American market expansion, workforce development.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTom Elam ā€“ HR Director\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Champions inclusivity and employee engagement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI), talent strategy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Workplace culture, DEI initiatives.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMargaret Rabba ā€“ Vice President, Corporate Ratings (DBRS contact)\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Corporate finance and credit analysis.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial health, investor relations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial transparency, risk management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eScott Rattee ā€“ Senior Vice President, Sector Lead, Corporate Ratings\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Sector analysis and ratings leadership.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Sector performance, market trends.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Industry benchmarking, strategic planning.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-14\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Largest construction company by revenue in Canada as of 2021; current annual revenue not explicitly stated, but significant global scale\u003csup id=\"fnref49:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded (TSX: ATRL); history of strategic acquisitions (e.g., Kentz, Atkins)\u003csup id=\"fnref50:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Strong order book, positive Q1 2024 results, and robust demand in engineering and nuclear services\u003csup id=\"fnref45:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability \u0026amp; Margins:\u003c/strong\u003e Not detailed in search results; company has focused on divesting non-core assets to streamline operations and improve margins\u003csup id=\"fnref51:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-14\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Advanced engineering, design, and project management platforms; digital tools for infrastructure, energy, and nuclear projects\u003csup id=\"fnref35:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref46:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Major digital transformation initiatives, including data-driven stormwater management and drone-enabled healthcare logistics\u003csup id=\"fnref47:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Perplexity can integrate with project management, knowledge sharing, and digital collaboration platforms to enhance decision-making and operational efficiency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e Managing vast, distributed knowledge across global teams; need for real-time insights in complex, multidisciplinary projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-14\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate access to critical project knowledge and best practices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance collaboration across global teams and disciplines.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport digital transformation and innovation in engineering workflows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered knowledge management for large infrastructure and nuclear projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time insights for project managers and engineers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated compliance and regulatory intelligence.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced RFP and proposal development.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamlined onboarding and training for global workforce.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced project delays via faster information retrieval.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved win rates on bids through better proposal intelligence.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower operational costs by minimizing duplicated work and errors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced employee productivity and satisfaction.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-14\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget executive and operational leaders driving digital transformation and innovation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmphasize Perplexityā€™s ability to unify knowledge, accelerate project delivery, and support compliance in highly regulated sectors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer tailored demos focusing on nuclear, infrastructure, and transportation use cases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven impact of AI-driven knowledge management in large, complex organizations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with existing engineering and project management tools.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport for global, multilingual teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced security and compliance for sensitive project data.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuantifiable ROI through efficiency and risk reduction.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about data security and confidentiality.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration complexity with legacy systems.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange management for large, distributed teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a discovery call with digital transformation or innovation leaders.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare relevant case studies from infrastructure and nuclear sectors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePropose a pilot program for a key business unit or marquee project.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-14\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRebranding from SNC-Lavalin to AtkinsRĆ©alis to unify global brand and legacy\u003csup id=\"fnref52:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAwarded major infrastructure and design contracts in Hong Kong and the UK\u003csup id=\"fnref36:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref48:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecognition for inclusivity and employee engagement, including DEI certifications and internship accolades\u003csup id=\"fnref49:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSuccessful delivery of innovative projects such as drone-enabled healthcare logistics in Scotland and carbon-reducing airport infrastructure in the UK\u003csup id=\"fnref50:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrong Q1 2024 financial results, reflecting robust demand in core service areas\u003csup id=\"fnref51:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-14\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement found in search results.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep partnerships with global engineering and technology providers; history of joint ventures (e.g., with ABB for Linxon)\u003csup id=\"fnref53:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-14\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-14\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.atkinsrealis.com\"\u003eAtkinsRĆ©alis Official Site\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ca.linkedin.com/company/atkinsrealis\"\u003eLinkedIn Company Page\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AtkinsR%C3%A9alis\"\u003eWikipedia Company Profile\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://money.tmx.com/en/quote/ATRL\"\u003eTMX Money Stock Info\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"badger-infrastructure-solutions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBadger Infrastructure Solutions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#badger-infrastructure-solutions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-15\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-15\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBadger Infrastructure Solutions is North America\u0026rsquo;s largest provider of non-destructive excavating services, specializing in hydrovac technology for critical infrastructure sectors. With over 30 years of innovation and a robust fleet, Badger serves diverse markets including energy, construction, telecommunications, and transportation. The company is publicly traded, financially stable, and vertically integratedā€”manufacturing its own equipmentā€”which positions it uniquely amid ongoing supply chain challenges. Badgerā€™s scale, safety record, and commitment to operational excellence make it a strong candidate for enterprise solutions like Perplexity Enterprise Pro, particularly in streamlining information workflows and enhancing project efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-15\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-15\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1992 by original founders (not specified in search results)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Calgary, Alberta, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Non-destructive excavation, with a focus on hydrovac services for energy, industrial, construction, telecommunications, and transportation sectors\u003csup id=\"fnref37:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref52:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e 1,001ā€“5,000 employees; over 140 service locations in the U.S. and Canada; fleet of 1,500+ hydrovac trucks\u003csup id=\"fnref53:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To deliver safe, efficient, and reliable non-destructive excavation solutions, underpinned by innovation and a strong safety culture\u003csup id=\"fnref38:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref54:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpansion of fleet and service locations across North America\u003csup id=\"fnref55:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrategic partnership with McKay MĆ©tis Group to serve the Wood Buffalo region in Alberta, reinforcing Indigenous engagement and regional reach\u003csup id=\"fnref82:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecognition for safety performance, with multiple branches achieving \u0026ldquo;GoalZero\u0026rdquo; (zero recordable incidents) throughout 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref56:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-15\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-15\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePaul Vanderberg ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive experience in industrial services and infrastructure; leadership at Badger since 2015 (inferred from company reporting cycles).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Growth strategy, operational excellence, safety, and technological innovation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Experience with large-scale operational rollouts and digital transformation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDerek G. Iwanaka ā€“ Vice President, Investor Relations\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Capital markets and communications expertise; previously held roles in investor relations at major Canadian industrial firms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Stakeholder engagement, financial communications, and investor strategy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Interest in tools that improve transparency, reporting, and stakeholder communications.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOther Key Executives:\u003c/strong\u003e (Names not specified in search results; likely include COO, CFO, and regional VPs overseeing U.S. and Canadian operations.)\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Operations management, safety, fleet optimization, and technology adoption.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Efficiency gains, data-driven decision-making, and compliance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-15\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-15\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Market cap of CAD $1.38B; PE ratio 24.24; EPS (TTM) 1.65 CAD\u003csup id=\"fnref54:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. (Annual revenue not explicitly stated, but inferred to be in the hundreds of millions based on market cap and sector norms.)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded on TSX (BDGI.TO); no recent private funding rounds\u003csup id=\"fnref55:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Stable performance with growth in fleet, service locations, and market share; dividend yield of 1.79%\u003csup id=\"fnref56:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e Consistent profitability, with margins supported by vertical integration and proprietary fleet manufacturing\u003csup id=\"fnref57:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref83:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-15\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-15\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Proprietary Badger Hydrovacā„¢ technology; in-house manufacturing of hydrovac trucks at Red Deer, Alberta facility\u003csup id=\"fnref39:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref84:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Expansion of truck production capacity (350 units annually); strategic tech partnerships for fleet and safety management\u003csup id=\"fnref85:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Perplexity can integrate with Badgerā€™s operational, safety, and project management systems to:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance field data capture and reporting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamline knowledge sharing across distributed teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomate compliance and safety documentation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e Managing information flow between field crews, operations, and clients; rapid response to emergency and disaster recovery projects; optimizing fleet deployment and maintenance\u003csup id=\"fnref57:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref86:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-15\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-15\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate project planning and execution with AI-powered research and document retrieval.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduce administrative overhead by automating safety and compliance reporting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImprove client communications and transparency with real-time data insights.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eField crew enablement: On-demand access to procedures, safety protocols, and technical documentation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBid and proposal support: Rapid synthesis of project requirements and competitive intelligence.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncident response: Fast aggregation of best practices and regulatory requirements for disaster recovery.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTime savings for field and office staff.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduction in compliance risks and incident rates.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced win rates for new business through improved proposal quality.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-15\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-15\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget operations and safety leadership with a tailored demo focused on field enablement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight Perplexityā€™s ability to unify knowledge across North American sites and support rapid, compliant project delivery.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven track record of improving safety and operational efficiency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with existing field and fleet management systems.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScalable platform to support growth and regional expansion.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced disaster response capabilities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports Indigenous and regional partnerships through knowledge sharing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about data security and integration with proprietary systems.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange management for field crews.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eROI justification for enterprise-wide rollout.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest introductory meeting with COO or VP Operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer pilot program for a regional office or disaster response team.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrepare case studies from similar industrial service clients.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-15\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-15\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMultiple branches achieved \u0026ldquo;GoalZero\u0026rdquo; safety recognition throughout 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref58:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrategic partnership with McKay MĆ©tis Group to expand Indigenous engagement in Alberta\u003csup id=\"fnref87:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing fleet expansion and investment in proprietary truck manufacturing\u003csup id=\"fnref88:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScheduled release of Q3 2024 financial results on October 30, 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref58:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eActive support for disaster response and community rebuilding efforts in California\u003csup id=\"fnref59:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-15\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-15\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct Perplexity relationships identified in search results.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Competes with HydroExcavators, GFL Environmental, Clean Harbors, and others in the non-destructive excavation and environmental services space\u003csup id=\"fnref60:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-15\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-15\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBadger Infrastructure Solutions official website\u003csup id=\"fnref40:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYahoo Finance profile and financials\u003csup id=\"fnref59:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLinkedIn company page for leadership and updates\u003csup id=\"fnref61:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMcKay MĆ©tis Group partnership overview\u003csup id=\"fnref89:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"blackberry\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBlackBerry \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#blackberry\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-16\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBlackBerry Limited, once a global leader in mobile devices, has successfully reinvented itself as a cybersecurity and IoT software provider focused on secure communications for enterprises and governments. Headquartered in Waterloo, Canada, the company now generates most of its revenue from software and services, with a strong presence in both the cybersecurity and automotive IoT sectors. Recent organizational changes, including a planned spin-off of its IoT division, signal a renewed focus on growth and specialization. BlackBerryā€™s legacy of trusted security, deep patent portfolio, and enterprise customer base create strong alignment with Perplexity Enterprise Proā€™s value proposition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-16\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1984 by Mike Lazaridis and Douglas Fregin\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Waterloo, Ontario, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Technology ā€“ Software Infrastructure, Cybersecurity, IoT\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e ~1,820 employees; Market Cap: $2.44B; Revenue (Q1 FY2022): $174M\u003csup id=\"fnref62:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To deliver intelligent security software and services that protect enterprises and governments worldwide\u003csup id=\"fnref41:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnounced spin-off and IPO of IoT business unit (2023ā€“2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref63:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiscontinued support for legacy BlackBerry devices and OS (2022)\u003csup id=\"fnref64:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-16\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJohn Joseph Giamatteo ā€“ CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Appointed CEO in late 2023; previously President of BlackBerryā€™s Cybersecurity business. Extensive experience in enterprise software and security\u003csup id=\"fnref65:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic transformation, cybersecurity growth, IoT spin-off.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Expertise in scaling security platforms; interest in AI-driven solutions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSteve Rai ā€“ Chief Financial Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Over 20 years at BlackBerry; previously held roles in operations and finance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial restructuring, cost optimization, supporting business unit separation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Focus on operational efficiency and ROI-driven investments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharles Eagan ā€“ Chief Technology Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Led technology strategy at BlackBerry since 2018; previously at NVIDIA and BlackBerry QNX.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Product innovation, secure IoT, AI integration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep technical background; openness to next-gen AI/ML integrations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMattias Eriksson ā€“ President, IoT\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Leads the IoT business unit; experience in automotive and embedded systems.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Automotive partnerships, IoT platform growth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Automotive data, real-time analytics, cloud integrations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarjorie Dickman ā€“ Chief Government Affairs \u0026amp; Public Policy Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive experience in regulatory and policy engagement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Compliance, government relations, regulatory strategy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Policy-driven security use cases, compliance automation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-16\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e $174M (Q1 FY2022); Cybersecurity ($107M), IoT ($43M)\u003csup id=\"fnref66:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded (NYSE: BB) since 1999; Market Cap: $2.44B\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Transitioned from hardware to software; IoT and cybersecurity now comprise 86% of revenue\u003csup id=\"fnref67:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Recent organizational restructuring to unlock business unit value.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-16\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e BlackBerry Cyber Suite (Cylance AI, BlackBerry Protect, Optics, Guard, Gateway, Persona), BlackBerry UEM, BlackBerry QNX OS, BlackBerry Jarvis, Certicom cryptography, BBM Enterprise, BlackBerry Radar, BlackBerry IVY.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Heavy R\u0026amp;D in AI-driven threat detection (Cylance), automotive data platforms (IVY), and secure endpoint management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Perplexity can augment BlackBerryā€™s AI/ML capabilities for threat intelligence, automate knowledge extraction across security data, and streamline customer-facing intelligence workflows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e Managing and analyzing large volumes of threat data; integrating AI insights into real-time decision-making; ensuring secure, compliant information flows for regulated customers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-16\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance security operations with AI-powered knowledge retrieval and contextual threat analysis.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomate research and reporting for compliance and incident response.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImprove customer support and technical documentation workflows with generative AI.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCybersecurity threat intelligence enrichment\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated compliance documentation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecure, AI-driven knowledge management for enterprise customers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport for IoT/automotive data analytics\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecutive briefings and market monitoring for leadership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduce analyst time spent on research and reporting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate threat detection and response cycles\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower compliance and audit preparation costs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImprove customer satisfaction with faster, more accurate support\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-16\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e Target executive leadership and technology stakeholders with a focus on AI-driven security and compliance automation. Highlight Perplexityā€™s ability to integrate with BlackBerryā€™s existing platforms, providing immediate value in research, reporting, and customer-facing workflows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven success in augmenting cybersecurity workflows with generative AI\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with enterprise security and IoT platforms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemonstrated ROI in analyst productivity and compliance automation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced executive visibility into emerging threats and market trends\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecure, enterprise-grade information management aligned with regulatory needs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about data privacy and regulatory compliance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration complexity with proprietary systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverlap with existing AI initiatives (e.g., Cylance)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a discovery call with CTO or Cybersecurity leadership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a tailored demo focused on threat intelligence and compliance use cases\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies from similar enterprise security clients\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePropose a pilot integration with BlackBerry UEM or Cyber Suite\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-16\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnounced plan to spin off IoT business unit and pursue IPO (2023ā€“2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref68:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiscontinued support for legacy BlackBerry OS and devices (2022)\u003csup id=\"fnref69:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing investments in AI-powered cybersecurity (Cylance) and automotive data platforms (IVY)\u003csup id=\"fnref70:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeadership transition with John Giamatteo appointed CEO (2023)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreased focus on government and regulated industry customers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-16\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No public record of direct Perplexity-BlackBerry engagement to date.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e BlackBerry partners and competes with leading cybersecurity and IoT vendors; no exclusive relationships that would preclude Perplexity engagement identified.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-16\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlackBerry Limited official website\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLatest BlackBerry Limited stock and financial data\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlackBerry Limited Wikipedia page\u003csup id=\"fnref71:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlackBerryā€™s cybersecurity and IoT product documentation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNews coverage of BlackBerryā€™s IoT spin-off and leadership changes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"bombardier-inc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBombardier Inc. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#bombardier-inc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-17\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-17\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBombardier Inc. is a Canadian aerospace leader specializing in the design, manufacture, and servicing of high-performance business jets for a global clientele. Once a diversified conglomerate spanning rail, recreational, and commercial aviation, Bombardier has strategically refocused on business aviation, where it now commands the top spot worldwide in business jet deliveries. With a robust international presence, a legacy of innovation, and a renewed financial trajectory, Bombardier is well positioned for sustained growthā€”making it a prime candidate for Perplexity Enterprise Pro solutions, especially in areas of workflow automation, competitive intelligence, and executive decision support.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-17\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-17\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1942 by Joseph-Armand Bombardier\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Montreal (Dorval), QuĆ©bec, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Aerospace, with a focus on business aviation (business jets)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e ~18,100 employees (2023); $8.0B USD revenue (2023)\u003csup id=\"fnref60:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref30:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To design, build, and maintain the worldā€™s peak-performing aircraft for discerning clients, businesses, and governments\u003csup id=\"fnref42:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref31:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAchieved #1 global ranking in business jet deliveries in 2023 (138 jets delivered)\u003csup id=\"fnref61:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompleted divestiture of non-core businesses (rail and commercial aviation) to focus exclusively on business jets\u003csup id=\"fnref62:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref90:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-17\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-17\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eName \u0026amp; Title\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eBackground\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eAreas of Focus\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth style=\"text-align: left\"\u003ePotential Connection Points\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eƉric Martel ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eFormer CEO of Hydro-QuĆ©bec; extensive experience in aerospace and energy sectors; rejoined Bombardier in 2020\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eStrategic transformation, operational excellence, financial turnaround\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eEngineering background, public company leadership, Canadian business networks\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eBart Demosky ā€“ Executive VP \u0026amp; CFO\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eFormer CFO at SNC-Lavalin and Suncor Energy; deep financial and operational expertise\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eFinancial discipline, cost management, investor relations\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eFinance transformation, Canadian executive circles\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003ePaul Sislian ā€“ Executive VP, Aftermarket Services \u0026amp; Strategy\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eAerospace industry veteran; previously led Bombardier\u0026rsquo;s operational transformation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eCustomer experience, global service network expansion\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eOperations, service innovation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eMichel Ouellette ā€“ Executive VP, Programs \u0026amp; Supply Chain\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eOver 25 years at Bombardier; experience in engineering, supply chain, and program management\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eProduct development, supply chain optimization\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eEngineering and manufacturing process innovation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eJean-Christophe Gallagher ā€“ Executive VP, Aircraft Sales \u0026amp; Bombardier Defense\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eExtensive sales and marketing background in aerospace\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eBusiness development, defense sector growth\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"text-align: left\"\u003eInternational sales, government relations\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-17\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-17\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e $8.0B USD (2023), up from $6.9B in 2022\u003csup id=\"fnref63:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded (TSX: BBD.B); previously raised capital through asset sales and restructuring\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Returned to profitability in 2023 with $445M net income, following years of restructuring and divestitures\u003csup id=\"fnref64:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e Positive net income in 2023 after a multi-year turnaround; margin improvement expected as focus sharpens on business jets\u003csup id=\"fnref65:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFinancial Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Strong demand for business jets, expanding aftermarket services, and defense contracts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-17\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-17\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Advanced aerospace engineering platforms, digital manufacturing, global customer support infrastructure, and integrated MRO (Maintenance, Repair, Overhaul) systems\u003csup id=\"fnref32:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Expansion of aftermarket service centers; digitalization of customer support; sustainability initiatives (Sustainable Aviation Fuel adoption)\u003csup id=\"fnref33:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can integrate with Bombardierā€™s internal knowledge bases, engineering documentation, and customer support portals to streamline information retrieval and accelerate R\u0026amp;D cycles.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecutive dashboards for competitive intelligence and market monitoring.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging complex global supply chains and regulatory compliance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRapid access to technical documentation and market intelligence for executives and engineering teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupporting sales and customer service teams with up-to-date product and competitor data.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-17\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-17\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate decision-making by providing unified, AI-powered access to technical, regulatory, and market information.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance competitive intelligence for sales and executive teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamline engineering and customer support workflows with contextual AI search.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecutive briefing tools for leadership.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSales enablement and RFP response automation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnical documentation search for engineering and MRO teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegulatory and compliance monitoring.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarket and competitor trend analysis.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced time-to-insight for executives and engineers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreased win rates on large sales opportunities through faster, more accurate proposal generation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved customer satisfaction via faster support response times.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-17\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-17\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget executive leadership and operational heads with a tailored value proposition focused on workflow acceleration, competitive edge, and cost savings.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeverage Bombardierā€™s commitment to innovation and digital transformation as a strategic entry point.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s AI can unify Bombardierā€™s vast technical and market data, driving faster, more informed decisions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven ROI in accelerating R\u0026amp;D and sales cycles for aerospace leaders.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with existing digital infrastructure and global support teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports Bombardierā€™s sustainability and operational excellence initiatives.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData security and compliance concerns (counter: Perplexityā€™s enterprise-grade privacy controls).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange management and integration complexity (counter: proven onboarding frameworks, minimal disruption).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eROI proof points (counter: case studies from similar enterprise deployments).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest an executive briefing with the CEOā€™s office or digital transformation lead.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a tailored pilot focused on sales enablement or engineering workflow acceleration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare relevant aerospace case studies and ROI benchmarks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-17\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-17\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBombardier delivered 138 business jets in 2023, securing its position as the worldā€™s leading business jet manufacturer\u003csup id=\"fnref66:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompleted sale of rail division to Alstom in 2021, marking full pivot to business aviation\u003csup id=\"fnref67:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref91:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnounced major sustainability initiatives, including Sustainable Aviation Fuel adoption for flight operations\u003csup id=\"fnref34:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing expansion of global service and support network, including new facilities in key international markets\u003csup id=\"fnref35:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReturned to profitability in 2023, signaling successful turnaround after years of restructuring\u003csup id=\"fnref68:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-17\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-17\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct Perplexity engagement noted; potential entry via executive, engineering, or digital transformation teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Historically partnered with major aerospace suppliers and technology vendors; no exclusive ties that preclude Perplexity engagement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-17\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-17\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBombardier Corporate Website: bombardier.com\u003csup id=\"fnref43:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBombardier LinkedIn Profile\u003csup id=\"fnref36:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent financials and stock information: Yahoo Finance\u003csup id=\"fnref72:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompany history and strategic pivots: Wikipedia, The Canadian Encyclopedia\u003csup id=\"fnref69:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref92:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"boralex\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBoralex \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#boralex\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-18\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoralex is a leading Canadian renewable energy company with over 30 years of experience developing, building, and operating wind, solar, hydroelectric, and storage facilities. Headquartered in Quebec, Boralex is the largest independent producer of onshore wind power in France and maintains a growing presence in Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom. With an installed capacity exceeding 3.1 GW and a development pipeline of over 8 GW, Boralex is well-positioned for continued growth. The companyā€™s disciplined, CSR-driven strategy and focus on innovation make it an attractive prospect for enterprise AI solutions that can drive operational efficiency and support its ambitious sustainability goals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-18\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1990 by Bernard Lemaire\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Kingsey Falls, QuĆ©bec, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Renewable Energy (wind, solar, hydroelectric, storage)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e ~826 employees\u003csup id=\"fnref37:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e, Market Cap: CAD 3.72B\u003csup id=\"fnref31:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To accelerate the global energy transition by providing affordable, accessible renewable energy while achieving net zero across the value chain by 2050\u003csup id=\"fnref10:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSBTi approval for net zero target by 2050 (October 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref11:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstalled capacity doubled over five years to 3.1 GW\u003csup id=\"fnref93:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpanding project portfolio to over 8 GW\u003csup id=\"fnref38:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-18\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePatrick Decostre ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e First Boralex employee in Europe; led expansion and established the first onshore wind farm in France. Former VP \u0026amp; COO\u003csup id=\"fnref39:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic growth, international expansion, operational optimization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep experience in European renewables, scaling operations, and cross-continental leadership.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStĆ©phane Milot ā€“ Vice-President, Investor Relations\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive experience in financial communications and investor relations within the energy sector\u003csup id=\"fnref94:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Capital markets, stakeholder engagement, financial strategy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Investor communications, sustainability reporting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eColine Desurmont ā€“ Director, Financial Analysis and Investor Relations\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial analysis, project finance, and investor relations\u003csup id=\"fnref95:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial modeling, project evaluation, investor outreach.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Data-driven decision-making, financial technology integration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBoard of Directors\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncludes former CEO Patrick Lemaire, recognized for leadership in the energy sector\u003csup id=\"fnref40:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Governance, strategic oversight, CSR.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-18\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Not explicitly stated; market cap is CAD 3.72B\u003csup id=\"fnref32:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded on TSX (BLX); history of strategic acquisitions and organic growth\u003csup id=\"fnref41:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstalled capacity more than doubled in five years\u003csup id=\"fnref96:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProject pipeline expanded to 8 GW\u003csup id=\"fnref42:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrong focus on disciplined, financially flexible growth\u003csup id=\"fnref12:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability \u0026amp; Margins:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eP/E Ratio: 33.21\u003csup id=\"fnref33:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDividend Yield: 1.83%\u003csup id=\"fnref34:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReturn on Equity: 8.64%\u003csup id=\"fnref35:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReturn on Assets: 2.18%\u003csup id=\"fnref36:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-18\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Renewable energy infrastructure (wind, solar, hydroelectric, storage); indexed fixed-price sales contracts\u003csup id=\"fnref37:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:14\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:14\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e14\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Expansion into energy storage and solar; ongoing digitalization of operations\u003csup id=\"fnref97:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref43:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven analytics for project development, asset management, and predictive maintenance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced data aggregation for sustainability and regulatory reporting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorkflow automation in financial modeling and investor relations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging large, distributed asset portfolios across multiple geographies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNavigating complex regulatory environments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNeed for real-time, actionable insights to optimize operations and reporting\u003csup id=\"fnref13:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-18\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s AI can accelerate project evaluation, regulatory research, and market intelligence.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomation of sustainability reporting and compliance documentation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced competitive analysis and risk management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRapid due diligence on new market opportunities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCentralized knowledge management for engineering and regulatory teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated investor communications and Q\u0026amp;A.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time monitoring of policy and market trends in renewables.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamlined RFP and proposal generation for new projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced research and reporting time for project teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved accuracy and speed in regulatory compliance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced investor engagement and transparency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFaster go-to-market for new projects and partnerships.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-18\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePosition Perplexity as a strategic partner in Boralexā€™s digital transformation and sustainability journey.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight AIā€™s role in operational efficiency, compliance, and stakeholder engagement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer tailored demos focused on renewable energy workflows and reporting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate project pipeline analysis and market entry.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomate and enhance ESG and CSR reporting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport global teams with multilingual, real-time knowledge access.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduce manual workload for investor relations and finance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDe-risk expansion with AI-driven regulatory and market intelligence.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns over data privacy and security.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with existing IT and OT systems.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange management for adoption across diverse teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a discovery call with CTO or digital transformation lead.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies in renewables and utilities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a pilot focused on automating a key reporting workflow.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProvide a custom ROI analysis based on Boralexā€™s project pipeline.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-18\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAchieved SBTi approval for net zero target by 2050\u003csup id=\"fnref14:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstalled capacity doubled to 3.1 GW in five years\u003csup id=\"fnref98:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProject pipeline expanded to over 8 GW, including wind, solar, and storage\u003csup id=\"fnref44:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrowing presence in the US and UK markets\u003csup id=\"fnref99:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref45:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaintains 100% of revenue from renewable energy production\u003csup id=\"fnref15:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-18\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement found.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Competes with Brookfield Renewable, Northland Power, and other major utilities\u003csup id=\"fnref38:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-18\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoralex Corporate Website\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLatest Investor Presentation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSBTi Net Zero Approval Announcement\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRenewable Energy Industry Reports\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent Press Releases and Financial Filings\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"brookfield-renewable-partners\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBrookfield Renewable Partners \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#brookfield-renewable-partners\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-19\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-19\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBrookfield Renewable Partners L.P. (BEP) is a global leader in renewable energy, operating one of the worldā€™s largest publicly traded platforms for renewable power and decarbonization solutions. With over 19,000 MW of installed capacity across hydro, wind, solar, and storage assets on five continents, BEP is positioned for both stability and growth as the energy transition accelerates. The companyā€™s robust dividend yield, operational resilience, and strategic acquisitionsā€”such as its recent expansion into nuclear via Westinghouseā€”underscore its potential fit for enterprise solutions focused on data-driven insights, workflow automation, and ESG compliance. BEPā€™s scale, diversified revenue streams, and commitment to sustainable growth make it a high-value prospect for Perplexity Enterprise Pro.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-19\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-19\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 2011 (as Brookfield Renewable Energy Partners, from predecessor entities with roots back to the 1890s)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Toronto, Ontario, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Renewable energy (hydro, wind, solar, storage, and decarbonization solutions)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e Over 19,000 MW of installed capacity; operations across North America, South America, Europe, and Asia; approximately 3,000+ employees (estimate)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To be a global frontrunner in sustainable energy solutions, delivering long-term value through decarbonization and renewable power\u003csup id=\"fnref73:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref51:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAcquisition of a controlling stake in Westinghouse Electric Company, expanding into nuclear energy\u003csup id=\"fnref70:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref52:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinued growth in distributed solar and storage, with a pipeline exceeding 18,000 MW\u003csup id=\"fnref71:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-19\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-19\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConnor Teskey ā€“ CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Longstanding Brookfield executive, previously led European renewable operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Global expansion, capital allocation, strategic M\u0026amp;A.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Interest in digitalization, ESG, and operational efficiency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSachin Shah ā€“ Chief Investment Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Over 20 years with Brookfield; expertise in global infrastructure and energy investments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Investment strategy, portfolio optimization, capital markets.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Data-driven investment analysis, risk management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMark Carney ā€“ Vice Chair, Brookfield Asset Management (parent)\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Former Governor of the Bank of England and Bank of Canada; global climate finance leader.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Sustainability, climate transition, ESG integration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e ESG reporting, regulatory compliance, climate risk analytics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVishal Kapadia ā€“ CFO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive experience in energy finance and corporate strategy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial performance, capital structure, investor relations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial modeling, scenario planning, automation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Decision-Makers for Purchasing:\u003c/strong\u003e Likely to include heads of IT, Digital Transformation, and ESG/Compliance teams, given BEPā€™s scale and focus on operational excellence.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-19\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-19\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Funds from operations (FFO) of US$315 million for Q1 2025; annualized FFO typically exceeds US$1.2 billion\u003csup id=\"fnref72:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDividend Yield:\u003c/strong\u003e ~6.2%, with annual distributions of $2.06 per unit\u003csup id=\"fnref73:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Supported by Brookfield Asset Management (60% ownership), providing access to diverse capital sources\u003csup id=\"fnref53:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref39:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Ongoing expansion through M\u0026amp;A (e.g., Westinghouse, TerraForm), organic project pipeline, and global market entry; analysts project a potential 26% upside in current valuation\u003csup id=\"fnref74:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-19\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-19\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Advanced asset management platforms, SCADA systems for plant operations, data analytics for performance monitoring, and enterprise resource planning (ERP) solutions\u003csup id=\"fnref74:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref46:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Integration of nuclear (Westinghouse), expansion of distributed solar and storage, and digitalization of asset monitoring\u003csup id=\"fnref75:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref54:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities with Perplexity:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered research and reporting for ESG and regulatory compliance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorkflow automation for deal sourcing, due diligence, and M\u0026amp;A.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKnowledge management across global teams for operational best practices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging vast data from diverse, global assets.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamlining regulatory and ESG reporting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhancing collaboration across geographies and business units.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-19\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-19\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can centralize research, automate compliance workflows, and provide real-time insights for investment and operational teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eESG and regulatory reporting automation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarket and competitor intelligence for M\u0026amp;A.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKnowledge management for distributed teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScenario analysis for project development and risk.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamlined investor communications and stakeholder engagement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced manual research and reporting time.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFaster deal execution and due diligence.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved data accuracy and compliance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced decision-making speed and quality.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-19\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-19\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget digital transformation and ESG teams with a consultative, value-driven narrative.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight Perplexityā€™s ability to unify global data sources and automate complex workflows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œAccelerate ESG and regulatory reporting with AI-driven automation.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œEmpower investment and M\u0026amp;A teams with real-time, actionable market intelligence.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œUnify knowledge across global operations for faster, smarter decision-making.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œReduce compliance risk and manual workload with workflow automation.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eā€œDrive operational excellence in the transition to net zero.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about integration with legacy systems (counter: Perplexityā€™s flexible APIs and proven enterprise integrations).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData security and privacy (counter: robust enterprise-grade security and compliance).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange management for global teams (counter: dedicated onboarding and support).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a discovery call with digital/ESG leadership.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a tailored demo focused on ESG and M\u0026amp;A workflows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies from similar asset-heavy, global enterprises.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-19\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-19\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAcquisition of Westinghouse Electric Company, expanding into nuclear and diversifying revenue streams\u003csup id=\"fnref76:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref55:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrong Q1 2025 performance with $315 million in FFO, highlighting operational resilience\u003csup id=\"fnref77:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDividend yield at 6.2%, among the highest in the sector, reinforcing income stability\u003csup id=\"fnref78:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing expansion in distributed solar and storage, with a development pipeline over 18,000 MW\u003csup id=\"fnref79:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrategic focus on decarbonization and digitalization to support global net-zero goals\u003csup id=\"fnref75:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref100:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-19\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-19\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement; significant potential given BEPā€™s scale and digital ambitions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Likely engagements with other enterprise research and workflow automation vendors; opportunity to differentiate on ESG, scale, and AI capabilities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-19\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-19\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrookfield Renewable Partners Homepage\u003csup id=\"fnref76:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWikipedia Company Profile\u003csup id=\"fnref56:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent Financial and Market Analysis\u003csup id=\"fnref80:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrookfield Corporate Renewable Power \u0026amp; Transition Overview\u003csup id=\"fnref101:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"cae-inc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCAE Inc. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cae-inc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-20\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-20\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCAE Inc. is a global leader in simulation training and critical operations support, serving the civil aviation, defense, and healthcare sectors. Headquartered in Saint-Laurent, Canada, CAE operates in 35 countries with a workforce of approximately 13,000 employees. The company is recognized for its advanced simulation technologies, extensive training networks, and strategic partnerships with major airlines, defense agencies, and healthcare institutions. CAE\u0026rsquo;s robust financial performance, ongoing technology investments, and strong executive leadership position it as a prime candidate for Perplexity Enterprise Pro, especially given its focus on digital transformation and operational excellence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-20\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-20\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1947 by Ken Patrick\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Saint-Laurent, Quebec, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Aerospace \u0026amp; Defense, with a focus on simulation, training, and operational support for civil aviation, defense, and healthcare\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e ~13,000 employees, market capitalization of $8.09B USD\u003csup id=\"fnref44:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e Creating a safer world through training by providing high-fidelity simulation and mission-critical training solutions\u003csup id=\"fnref102:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSale of Healthcare business to Madison Industries for C$311 million (October 2023)\u003csup id=\"fnref77:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLong-term agreement with General Atomics Aeronautical Systems to develop next-gen mission trainers\u003csup id=\"fnref81:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing digital innovation in aviation and defense training platforms\u003csup id=\"fnref82:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-20\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-20\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarc Parent ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Over 25 years in aerospace; CEO since 2009; Mechanical Engineering from Ɖcole Polytechnique, Harvard AMP\u003csup id=\"fnref78:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic growth, digital transformation, operational excellence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Aerospace innovation, digital training, global expansion\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSonya Branco ā€“ EVP, Finance \u0026amp; CFO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive finance leadership in aerospace; joined CAE in 2008; previously with Bombardier\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial strategy, M\u0026amp;A, investor relations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial technology, analytics, enterprise SaaS ROI\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeidi R. Wood ā€“ EVP, Business Development \u0026amp; Growth Initiatives\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Veteran in aerospace and defense business development; prior roles at L3Harris and BAE Systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic partnerships, market expansion, innovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Defense sector, digital partnerships, SaaS integrations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNick Leontidis ā€“ Group President, Civil Aviation\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep experience in aviation training and simulation; with CAE since 2000\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Civil aviation growth, digital training solutions, customer experience\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Airline digital transformation, pilot training analytics\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDaniel Gelston ā€“ Group President, Defense \u0026amp; Security\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Defense industry leadership; previously at L3Harris; U.S. Army veteran\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Defense training, mission support, multi-domain operations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Military simulation, workflow optimization, secure cloud\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-20\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-20\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Not explicitly stated in search results; market cap is $8.09B USD, with a P/E ratio of 27.5 and EPS of $0.92\u003csup id=\"fnref45:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded on NYSE and TSX; no recent private funding rounds\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Strong year-over-year growth, with recent divestiture of healthcare segment to focus on core aviation and defense businesses\u003csup id=\"fnref79:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e Solid margins, supported by recurring training contracts and global footprint\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-20\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-20\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Advanced simulation hardware and software, digital training platforms, crew and operations management solutions, cloud-based analytics\u003csup id=\"fnref83:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref80:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Expansion of digital aviation training, mission support technologies, and next-gen simulation devices; partnership with General Atomics for MQ-9B SkyGuardian mission trainers\u003csup id=\"fnref84:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Perplexity can integrate with CAEā€™s digital training platforms, crew management systems, and analytics dashboards to enhance knowledge management, automate RFP responses, and streamline research workflows\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e Managing vast, distributed knowledge bases across global teams; need for real-time insights, RFP automation, and streamlined content curation for business development and training operations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-20\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-20\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate RFP and proposal workflows for defense and aviation contracts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance knowledge management for distributed teams and training centers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProvide AI-powered insights for market expansion and competitive intelligence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomate research for business development and proposal teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCurate and summarize regulatory and compliance updates for global operations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport training content development with AI-driven content generation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower internal knowledge hubs for technical and sales teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnable executive briefings with real-time market and competitor analysis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTime saved on RFP and proposal generation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreased win rates for competitive bids\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced research overhead for business development and training teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved onboarding and upskilling for new employees\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-20\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-20\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget business development, proposal, and training operations leaders with a focus on digital transformation, operational efficiency, and global knowledge management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReference CAEā€™s ongoing digital innovation and recent technology partnerships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate and automate RFP/proposal workflows for faster response times\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCentralize and democratize access to technical knowledge and best practices\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport global teams with multilingual, real-time research and content curation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance training content with AI-powered summarization and generation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrive measurable ROI through workflow automation and knowledge efficiency\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData security and compliance concerns (address with Perplexityā€™s enterprise-grade security)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with proprietary training and simulation platforms (highlight API and custom integration capabilities)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange management for global teams (offer onboarding support and success stories)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a discovery call with business development and proposal leaders\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a tailored demo focused on RFP automation and knowledge management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies from aerospace and defense clients\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePropose a pilot project with one training or business development unit\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-20\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-20\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSold Healthcare business to Madison Industries for C$311 million (Oct 2023)\u003csup id=\"fnref81:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSigned long-term agreement with General Atomics for MQ-9B SkyGuardian mission trainers\u003csup id=\"fnref85:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnounced changes to Board of Directors (2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref86:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing expansion of digital aviation and defense training solutions\u003csup id=\"fnref87:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eActive social media engagement and industry thought leadership\u003csup id=\"fnref103:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-20\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-20\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct Perplexity connections found; CAEā€™s executive team has extensive industry networks, especially in aerospace and defense\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Competes with L3Harris, Lockheed Martin, Boeing Training, and Raytheon in simulation and training; recent divestiture of healthcare business to Madison Industries\u003csup id=\"fnref82:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-20\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-20\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCAE Inc. Official Website\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFY24 Annual Activity and Sustainability Report\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent press releases and event/webinar listings\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLinkedIn and Instagram profiles for executive and employee engagement\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis report highlights CAE Inc.\u0026rsquo;s strong alignment with Perplexityā€™s enterprise value proposition, especially in automating knowledge-intensive workflows, supporting global teams, and driving operational excellence in highly regulated, competitive sectors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"champion-iron-ltd\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eChampion Iron Ltd \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#champion-iron-ltd\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-21\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-21\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChampion Iron Ltd is a leading Canadian mining company specializing in high-purity iron ore, with operations centered at the Bloom Lake Mining Complex in Quebecā€™s Labrador Trough. The company is recognized for its sustainable mining practices, global export reach, and commitment to enabling green steelmaking through premium, low-contaminant iron ore products. Recent strategic partnerships and investments, including the advancement of its Direct Reduction Pellet Feed (DRPF) project and the Kami Project joint venture, position Champion Iron as a critical supplier to steelmakers seeking to decarbonize their operations. With robust financial performance and a focus on innovation, Champion Iron presents a compelling opportunity for enterprise solutions that enhance operational intelligence and workflow efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-21\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-21\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 2006\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Toronto, Ontario, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Mining, with a focus on high-grade iron ore production and development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e 501ā€“1,000 employees\u003csup id=\"fnref104:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e; Quarterly revenue of $363M and EBITDA of $88M (Q3 FY2025)\u003csup id=\"fnref105:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To sustainably produce high-purity iron ore products that support the decarbonization of the global steel industry\u003csup id=\"fnref106:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdvancing the DRPF project, targeting commissioning in December 2025\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEntered a partnership with Nippon Steel and Sojitz for the Kami Project feasibility study\u003csup id=\"fnref107:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-21\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-21\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Cataford ā€“ CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Mining engineer; joined Champion Iron in 2014, appointed CEO in 2019. Extensive experience in mining operations, project management, and strategic growth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Operational excellence, sustainability, green steel supply chain, stakeholder engagement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Thought leadership in green steel, public advocacy for decarbonization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMichael Oā€™Keeffe ā€“ Executive Chairman\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Mining executive with decades of resource sector experience; previously founded Riversdale Mining.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic direction, capital markets, major project development.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Global mining network, proven M\u0026amp;A track record.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlexandre Belleau ā€“ COO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Engineering and operations leadership; instrumental in Bloom Lakeā€™s restart and expansion.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Site operations, technology adoption, process optimization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Digital transformation, operational efficiency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNathalie Laurin ā€“ CFO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Finance executive with expertise in mining sector financial management and capital raising.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial strategy, risk management, investor relations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial analytics, cost optimization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-21\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-21\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e $363M (Q3 FY2025), $351M (Q2 FY2025); EBITDA $88M (Q3), $75M (Q2)\u003csup id=\"fnref108:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic partnership with Nippon Steel and Sojitz includes an initial $245M for 49% of the Kami Project partnership\u003csup id=\"fnref109:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Record quarterly sales (3.5M dmt), ongoing expansion projects, and global customer base signal strong momentum\u003csup id=\"fnref46:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref110:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-21\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-21\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Modern open-pit mining operations; two concentrators at Bloom Lake; logistics integration with rail and port; energy sourced primarily from renewable hydroelectric power\u003csup id=\"fnref111:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e DRPF project ($288M cumulative investment as of Q3 FY2025), Kami Project feasibility study, sustainability and emissions reduction programs\u003csup id=\"fnref112:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered analytics for production optimization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced supply chain visibility and scenario modeling\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eESG data automation and reporting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging large-scale operational data across multiple sites\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamlining sustainability reporting and compliance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time market and logistics intelligence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-21\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-21\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can support Champion Ironā€™s need for rapid, accurate market, regulatory, and technical intelligence to inform decision-making.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomation of ESG and sustainability reporting to meet investor and regulatory demands.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMining project benchmarking and competitor analysis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupply chain risk monitoring (global steel and iron ore markets)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecutive briefings and board-level insights\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated regulatory and environmental compliance tracking\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvestor relations content and Q\u0026amp;A automation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced time to actionable insight for operational and strategic teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved compliance efficiency and audit readiness\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced stakeholder communications and transparency\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-21\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-21\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget operational and executive leaders with tailored demos highlighting mining-specific intelligence workflows and ESG automation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReference Perplexityā€™s utility in supporting green transition initiatives and global market analysis.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate decision-making for expansion and sustainability projects\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamline regulatory and ESG reporting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance global market and supply chain intelligence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport investor relations with automated, accurate responses\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemonstrate ROI through efficiency and compliance gains\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about data security and integration with existing systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange management for established operational workflows\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecure an introductory meeting with COO or Sustainability lead\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a tailored pilot focused on ESG and operational intelligence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare mining sector case studies and ROI benchmarks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-21\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-21\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecord quarterly sales and production at Bloom Lake; revenue of $363M in Q3 FY2025\u003csup id=\"fnref113:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDRPF project advancing on schedule, targeting 69% Fe concentrate for green steelmaking\u003csup id=\"fnref114:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e$245M partnership with Nippon Steel and Sojitz for Kami Project feasibility study\u003csup id=\"fnref115:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommitment to 2030 Scope 1 and 2 emissions reduction; initial Scope 3 assessment disclosed\u003csup id=\"fnref116:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing investments in sustainability and community engagement\u003csup id=\"fnref117:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-21\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-21\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement found.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Champion Iron collaborates with major global steelmakers and mining technology providers; no direct competitor relationships with AI/analytics vendors identified.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-21\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-21\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion Iron Corporate Website and Presentations\u003csup id=\"fnref47:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref47:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLinkedIn Company Profile\u003csup id=\"fnref118:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent Press Releases and Sustainability Reports\u003csup id=\"fnref119:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBloomberg and TMX Money Financial Summaries\u003csup id=\"fnref88:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref83:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"kraken-robotics-inc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eKraken Robotics Inc. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#kraken-robotics-inc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-22\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKraken Robotics Inc. is a Canadian-based marine technology innovator specializing in advanced subsea imaging, power solutions, and robotics. With a global footprint and a reputation for world-leading Synthetic Aperture Sonar (SAS) and pressure-tolerant battery technologies, Kraken serves defense, commercial, and energy clients in over 30 countries. Recent strategic movesā€”including the acquisition of 3D at Depth and major defense contractsā€”underscore the companyā€™s momentum and alignment with Perplexityā€™s enterprise AI solutions for mission-critical, data-driven workflows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-22\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 2012 by Karl Kenny\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Mount Pearl Park, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Marine Technology, focused on subsea intelligence, robotics, and power systems for unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e 201ā€“500 employees\u003csup id=\"fnref57:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e Transforming subsea intelligence through high-resolution imaging, advanced power solutions, and robotic systems to enable safer, more efficient, and sustainable ocean operations\u003csup id=\"fnref48:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref84:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAcquisition of 3D at Depth (US-based subsea LiDAR leader), expanding Krakenā€™s optical imaging and service capabilities\u003csup id=\"fnref58:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMajor $34 million SeaPower battery orders to meet growing demand in defense and commercial UUV markets\u003csup id=\"fnref59:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRanked 1st on the 2025 TSX Venture 50 List after a 323% share price increase in 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref60:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-22\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGreg Reid ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive experience in technology leadership and capital markets; previously CFO at Kraken.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic growth, M\u0026amp;A (notably 3D at Depth acquisition), expanding global defense and commercial footprint.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Interest in AI-driven analytics, history of adopting disruptive tech.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJoe Mackay ā€“ CFO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial leadership in tech and manufacturing sectors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial strategy, capital management, investor relations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Efficiency in financial operations, openness to automation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLynne Adu ā€“ EVP \u0026amp; Chief Commercial Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Commercial and business development leadership in marine and defense sectors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Global sales, market expansion, client partnerships.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Data-driven sales enablement, customer success.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Technical Leaders (e.g., CTO, VP Engineering)\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep expertise in robotics, AI, and marine engineering.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Product innovation, R\u0026amp;D, integration of acquired technologies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Accelerating product development cycles, leveraging AI for sensor data analysis.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-22\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Not explicitly stated; recent activity suggests strong growth, with significant defense contracts and battery orders ($34 million SeaPower battery order)\u003csup id=\"fnref61:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded (TSX.V: PNG, OTCQB: KRKNF); recent share issuance increased float by 27% in the last year\u003csup id=\"fnref120:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e 323% share price increase in 2024; recognized as a high-growth company with expanding global contracts and product lines\u003csup id=\"fnref62:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref121:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e Reported CA$20.1 million profit in 2024, but negative free cash flow of CA$17 million, indicating investment-heavy growth and some dilution risk for shareholders\u003csup id=\"fnref122:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-22\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSynthetic Aperture Sonar (SAS) and KATFISH towed sonar systems\u003csup id=\"fnref63:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSub-bottom imaging, LiDAR, and SeaVision optical systems\u003csup id=\"fnref85:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref64:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeaPower pressure-tolerant battery technology (silicon polymer matrix, high energy density)\u003csup id=\"fnref65:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobotics as a Service (RaaS) and AI-driven analytics\u003csup id=\"fnref66:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAcquisition of 3D at Depth (subsea LiDAR)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNew battery manufacturing facility in Nova Scotia\u003csup id=\"fnref67:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI/ML-powered data analytics for sonar and LiDAR imagery\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorkflow automation for survey planning, mission reporting, and asset management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKnowledge management for technical teams and field operations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging and processing vast volumes of high-resolution subsea data\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrating multi-sensor datasets for actionable insights\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScaling knowledge sharing across geographically dispersed teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-22\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s AI can automate and accelerate data analysis, reporting, and knowledge management for Krakenā€™s technical and commercial teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time AI summarization of survey data for defense and energy clients\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated RFP and proposal response generation for global sales teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnical documentation search and synthesis for engineering and field support\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarket and competitive intelligence for business development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegulatory compliance tracking and reporting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced manual analysis time for sonar/LiDAR data by 50ā€“70%\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFaster proposal turnaround and higher win rates in competitive bids\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved onboarding and knowledge retention for technical staff\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced client reporting and satisfaction metrics\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-22\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget CEO, CCO, and technical leadership with tailored demos focused on subsea data workflows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight Perplexityā€™s ability to unify and accelerate data-to-decision cycles across defense, energy, and commercial projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered insights for massive subsea datasets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven ROI in technical and sales workflows\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with existing digital infrastructure\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced security and compliance for sensitive defense data\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScalable knowledge management for global teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about data security and IP protection (counter: Perplexityā€™s enterprise-grade security)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration complexity with proprietary sensor systems (counter: flexible APIs and custom connectors)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange management for technical teams (counter: proven onboarding and support resources)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a discovery call with technical and commercial stakeholders\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a pilot focused on automating survey data analysis and reporting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies from similar defense and energy clients\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-22\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAcquisition of 3D at Depth to expand subsea LiDAR and optical imaging offerings\u003csup id=\"fnref68:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e$34 million SeaPower battery orders and new Nova Scotia facility\u003csup id=\"fnref69:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1st place ranking on 2025 TSX Venture 50 List after 323% share price growth\u003csup id=\"fnref70:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecognition at Global Underwater Hubā€™s Subsea Expo for cross-sector innovation\u003csup id=\"fnref71:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePassing of founder and former CEO, Karl Kenny\u003csup id=\"fnref72:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-22\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct Perplexity engagement identified; Krakenā€™s leadership is active on LinkedIn and industry events.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Kraken partners with global defense, energy, and survey organizations; likely evaluates multiple AI and analytics vendors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-22\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKraken Robotics official website and investor materials\u003csup id=\"fnref49:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref86:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref48:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLinkedIn company page for leadership and updates\u003csup id=\"fnref73:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent financial and news releases\u003csup id=\"fnref87:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref123:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndustry awards and recognition announcements\u003csup id=\"fnref74:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"l3harris-wescam-inc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eL3Harris Wescam Inc \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#l3harris-wescam-inc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-23\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-23\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL3Harris Wescam Inc, based in Hamilton, Ontario, is a global leader in the design and manufacture of gyro-stabilized electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) imaging and targeting systems. As a subsidiary of L3Harris Technologies, the companyā€™s WESCAM MX-Series products are deployed on over 260 platform types worldwide, supporting critical intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) missions across air, land, and sea. With a strong history of innovation, deep defense and security relationships (notably with the Royal Canadian Air Force), and a robust global service network, L3Harris Wescam is well-positioned for continued growth and technology integrationā€”making it a high-potential prospect for Perplexity Enterprise Pro.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-23\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-23\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1959 (as WESSCAM, later Wescam Inc in 1995)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Hamilton, Ontario, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Defense and Security, specializing in EO/IR imaging and targeting systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e Over 1,000 employees; facility size 330,000 sq. ft\u003csup id=\"fnref124:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref40:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To deliver advanced multi-sensor, multi-spectral imaging and targeting solutions for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance across all domains\u003csup id=\"fnref50:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref88:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpened a new, state-of-the-art headquarters and production facility in Hamilton in 2021\u003csup id=\"fnref125:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing large-scale contracts with the Royal Canadian Air Force, including the supply of advanced MX-Series systems for new aircraft platforms\u003csup id=\"fnref49:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-23\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-23\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTom Kirkland ā€“ Vice President and General Manager, Global Optical Systems\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive experience in defense technology and leadership at L3Harris; oversees global optical systems including Wescam\u003csup id=\"fnref50:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic partnerships, technology innovation, operational excellence.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Emphasis on modernization and digital transformation in defense.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRich Foster ā€“ Vice President, Canada\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Longstanding executive at L3Harris with deep ties to Canadian defense programs\u003csup id=\"fnref51:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Canadian market strategy, government relations, program delivery.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e RCAF collaboration, Canadian procurement processes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOther Key Decision Makers\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLikely include Directors of Engineering, Product Management, and IT Operations, given the companyā€™s technology-driven focus and global service network.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-23\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-23\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Estimated in the hundreds of millions USD; L3Harris Technologies (parent) reported $17B+ revenue in 2023 (Wescam-specific figures not public)\u003csup id=\"fnref89:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref41:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded parent (L3Harris Technologies, NYSE: LHX); Wescam raised $40M in its 1995 IPO prior to acquisition\u003csup id=\"fnref42:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Historically strong, with 30ā€“50% annual growth pre-2000s; recent expansion includes new HQ and hiring\u003csup id=\"fnref43:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-23\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-23\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProprietary WESCAM MX-Series EO/IR imaging systems (hardware/software)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated mission systems for air, land, and sea platforms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommon electronics, cabling, user interfaces, and software across product lines\u003csup id=\"fnref51:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref16:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNew headquarters with advanced R\u0026amp;D and testing labs\u003csup id=\"fnref126:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpansion of service centers and global support network\u003csup id=\"fnref1:11\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e11\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered analytics for ISR data\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced knowledge management and workflow automation for engineering and service teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecure, enterprise-grade search and collaboration tools for classified and unclassified environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging and extracting insights from large volumes of ISR imagery/video\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamlining technical support and maintenance documentation across global service centers\u003csup id=\"fnref2:11\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e11\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-23\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-23\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can help L3Harris Wescam accelerate technical knowledge discovery, reduce engineering cycle times, and enhance collaboration between global teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered search can improve responsiveness in customer support and field service, critical for defense clients.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRapid retrieval of technical manuals and repair documentation for service centers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time intelligence synthesis for product management and R\u0026amp;D teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompetitive intelligence and market monitoring for business development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecure, federated search across classified and unclassified environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduction in mean time to repair (MTTR) for fielded systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved proposal win rates through faster, deeper market and competitor analysis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced employee productivity via streamlined information access\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-23\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-23\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget IT, engineering, and service operations leadership with a focus on secure, defense-grade AI solutions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight Perplexityā€™s proven value in accelerating technical workflows and supporting mission-critical operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s AI can dramatically reduce time spent searching for technical and support information.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecure, on-premises and cloud deployment options align with defense sector requirements.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven track record in supporting aerospace and defense organizations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with existing knowledge management and collaboration tools.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuantifiable impact on operational readiness and customer satisfaction.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about security and data sovereignty (counter with Perplexityā€™s compliance and deployment options).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with proprietary or classified systems (offer tailored pilots and sandbox environments).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest an intro call with VP of Engineering or Service Operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a customized demo using anonymized Wescam technical documentation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies from defense/aerospace customers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePropose a pilot focused on service center workflow optimization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-23\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-23\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDelivery of WESCAM MX-20D EO/IR systems for Canadaā€™s new MQ-9B SkyGuardian RPAS fleet, with integration starting in 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref52:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMajor facility expansion in Hamilton, Ontario, consolidating operations and supporting growth\u003csup id=\"fnref127:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref44:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinued recognition as a critical partner to the Royal Canadian Air Force, supporting modernization and mission readiness\u003csup id=\"fnref53:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpansion of global service center network to maximize operational availability for customers\u003csup id=\"fnref3:11\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e11\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-23\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-23\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement; likely overlap with defense industry events and Canadian tech ecosystem.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Wescamā€™s main competitors include FLIR Systems (Teledyne), Hensoldt, and Leonardoā€”some of whom have invested in AI-powered ISR analytics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-23\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-23\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eL3Harris Wescam MX-Series product page\u003csup id=\"fnref52:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eL3Harris Canada overview\u003csup id=\"fnref89:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWescam company history (Wikipedia)\u003csup id=\"fnref90:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eL3Harris Wescam architectural project details\u003csup id=\"fnref128:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRCAF partnership editorial\u003csup id=\"fnref54:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDAIR profile on Wescamā€™s growth and innovation\u003csup id=\"fnref45:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWESCAM MX-Series global service center brochure\u003csup id=\"fnref4:11\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e11\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"labrador-iron-ore-royalty-corporation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLabrador Iron Ore Royalty Corporation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#labrador-iron-ore-royalty-corporation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-24\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLabrador Iron Ore Royalty Corporation (LIORC) is a Canadian publicly traded company that provides investors with direct exposure to the iron ore market through its royalty, commission, and minority equity interests in the Iron Ore Company of Canada (IOC), one of North America\u0026rsquo;s leading producers and exporters of premium iron ore pellets and high-grade concentrate. LIORC\u0026rsquo;s unique business model, focused on royalty streams and a significant equity stake in IOC, delivers robust, high-margin cash flows and attractive dividends. The company is well-positioned to benefit from global steel demand and commodity cycles, but is also exposed to volatility in iron ore prices and operational performance at IOC. LIORC\u0026rsquo;s stable structure, strong financials, and strategic relationship with major industry players like Rio Tinto and Mitsubishi make it a compelling prospect for enterprise solutions that enhance decision-making and operational efficiency\u003csup id=\"fnref53:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref55:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-24\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 2010 (as LIORC; predecessor entities date to 1938)\u003csup id=\"fnref129:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Toronto, Ontario, Canada\u003csup id=\"fnref54:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref56:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Mining royalties and investment, focused on iron ore\u003csup id=\"fnref55:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref57:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e ~5-10 employees (lean corporate structure); annual royalty revenues ~$35.6 million (Q1 2025)\u003csup id=\"fnref91:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To provide shareholders with exposure to the iron ore market through royalty and equity interests in IOC, maximizing returns via stable dividends and long-term value creation\u003csup id=\"fnref56:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref58:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQ1 2025 royalty revenue down 36% year-over-year, reflecting iron ore market volatility\u003csup id=\"fnref92:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent director elections and ongoing dividend payments\u003csup id=\"fnref57:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref59:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-24\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJohn F. Tuer ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive experience in mining finance and royalty structures; previously held senior roles in resource investment firms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Maximizing shareholder returns, managing IOC relationship, strategic capital allocation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Interest in data-driven royalty forecasting and risk analytics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBruce C. Bone ā€“ Chairman\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Longtime mining executive with deep board-level experience.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Governance, stakeholder relations, long-term strategy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Corporate governance best practices, ESG reporting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJames C. Gowans ā€“ Director\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Former President \u0026amp; CEO of several major mining companies; expertise in operational efficiency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Operational oversight, technical innovation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Technology adoption in mining operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Purchasing Decision-Makers:\u003c/strong\u003e Given LIORCā€™s lean structure, executive management and board are directly involved in strategic purchasing, especially for analytics, risk management, and investor relations tools.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-24\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e $35.6 million royalty revenue in Q1 2025 (down 36% YoY)\u003csup id=\"fnref93:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded on TSX (LIF); no recent external funding rounds due to self-funding model\u003csup id=\"fnref58:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref60:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Revenue and dividends closely tied to IOC production and global iron ore prices; historically strong dividend yield (often 8ā€“10%+)\u003csup id=\"fnref46:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e High-margin, capital-light business model due to royalty structure\u003csup id=\"fnref59:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref61:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFinancial Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e Exposure to commodity price swings and IOC operational performance\u003csup id=\"fnref94:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-24\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Likely uses standard financial, ERP, and investor relations platforms; limited in-house IT due to small size.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e No public disclosures of major new technology adoptions; focus remains on financial and operational reporting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Perplexity can integrate with financial modeling, market intelligence, and board reporting workflows to enhance scenario analysis and risk management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e Needs real-time market data, scenario planning tools, and enhanced analytics for royalty forecasting and investor communications.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-24\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced market intelligence for royalty forecasting and risk management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated scenario analysis for iron ore price and production fluctuations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved investor relations through data-rich reporting and insights.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time monitoring of global iron ore markets and competitor activity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated generation of board and investor presentations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eESG and regulatory compliance tracking.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration of production, shipping, and price data for predictive analytics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrategic benchmarking against other mining royalty entities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTime saved on manual research and report generation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved accuracy in royalty and dividend forecasting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced investor confidence via data-driven communications.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-24\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget executive leadership with a focus on risk management, market intelligence, and investor relations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemonstrate Perplexityā€™s ability to synthesize complex commodity and operational data for board-level decision support.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity delivers real-time market and operational intelligence tailored for royalty-based business models.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated scenario planning for commodity price and production volatility.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamlined creation of investor and board communications.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced ESG and regulatory monitoring capabilities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with existing financial and reporting platforms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmall team may be resource-constrained for new technology adoption.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerceived adequacy of current reporting tools.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSensitivity to data security and confidentiality.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a discovery call with CEO or CFO to map current workflows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a tailored demo focused on royalty forecasting and risk analytics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProvide case studies from similar royalty or mining investment entities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-24\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQ1 2025 royalty revenues declined 36% YoY due to lower iron ore prices and IOC production\u003csup id=\"fnref95:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinued strong dividend payments, maintaining LIORCā€™s reputation as a high-yield equity\u003csup id=\"fnref47:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing board refresh with recent director elections\u003csup id=\"fnref60:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIOC (underlying asset) remains one of the worldā€™s top iron ore pellet producers, with Rio Tinto as majority owner\u003csup id=\"fnref130:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNo major recent technology investments or operational changes disclosed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-24\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No public record of previous engagement with Perplexity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct competitors in the royalty space, but may benchmark against other mining investment vehicles and royalty trusts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-24\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLabrador Iron Ore Royalty Corporation official website\u003csup id=\"fnref61:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref62:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLatest financial news and analysis on Yahoo Finance\u003csup id=\"fnref90:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref96:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIOC background and operational overview (Wikipedia)\u003csup id=\"fnref131:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTSX:LIF stock and dividend analysis (The Motley Fool)\u003csup id=\"fnref48:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"mda-ltd\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMDA Ltd \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#mda-ltd\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-25\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-25\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMDA Space Ltd is a leading Canadian space technology company with over five decades of innovation in geointelligence, robotics, and satellite systems. With a global workforce exceeding 3,000 and a strong presence in North America and Europe, MDA is a trusted mission partner for government and commercial clients in the rapidly expanding space economy. The companyā€™s robust financial performance, recent strategic acquisitions, and leadership in high-profile projects such as Canadarm3 and Telesat Lightspeed position it as a prime candidate for advanced AI-driven information solutions like Perplexity Enterprise Pro\u003csup id=\"fnref62:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref91:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref97:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-25\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-25\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1969 by John S. MacDonald and Vern Dettwiler\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Brampton, Ontario, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Aerospace/Space Technology, specializing in geointelligence, robotics, space operations, and satellite systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e 3,000+ employees globally, $861M revenue (LTM June 30, 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref92:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref98:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To enable the most ambitious space missions and make customersā€™ bold visions possible by building the space between proven and possible\u003csup id=\"fnref63:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref132:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrategic acquisition of SatixFy Communications Ltd (2025)\u003csup id=\"fnref75:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecognized for dark vessel detection technology in G7 Declaration on Maritime Security\u003csup id=\"fnref64:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNamed one of Canadaā€™s top growing companies by The Globe and Mail\u003csup id=\"fnref133:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-25\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-25\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMike Greenley ā€“ Chief Executive Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive leadership in aerospace and defense; previously held executive roles at L3Harris WESCAM and General Dynamics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic growth, global partnerships, innovation in robotics and satellite systems.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep understanding of digital transformation in aerospace.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGuillaume Lavoie ā€“ Chief Financial Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Finance executive with experience in large-scale technology and industrial companies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial strategy, M\u0026amp;A, and operational efficiency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Interest in ROI-driven technology investments\u003csup id=\"fnref134:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStephanie McDonald ā€“ Chief People, Culture and Transformation Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Recognized as one of Canadaā€™s best executives; expertise in organizational transformation and talent management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Culture, workforce development, change management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Employee engagement and digital enablement\u003csup id=\"fnref65:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Technical Leaders:\u003c/strong\u003e (e.g., VPs of Engineering, Technology, and Operations)\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep technical expertise in space systems and AI.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Product development, workflow optimization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Interest in AI/ML for engineering and mission planning.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-25\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-25\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e $861M (LTM June 30, 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref93:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdjusted EBITDA:\u003c/strong\u003e $177M (LTM June 30, 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref94:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Acquired by Northern Private Capital for CA$1B in 2020; publicly traded on TSX since 2021 (TSX: MDA)\u003csup id=\"fnref99:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Strong momentum with major contracts (e.g., Telesat Lightspeed, Canadarm3), recent acquisitions, and recognition for innovation\u003csup id=\"fnref100:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref76:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-25\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-25\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Advanced satellite systems, robotics (Canadarm, Canadarm2, Canadarm3), geointelligence platforms, digital beamforming antennas, integrated regenerative processors\u003csup id=\"fnref101:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Acquisition of SatixFy for satellite communications technology; major contract for Telesat Lightspeed LEO constellation\u003csup id=\"fnref77:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref102:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Perplexity can integrate with MDAā€™s mission planning, engineering knowledge bases, and R\u0026amp;D documentation workflows to accelerate information access and technical decision-making.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e Managing vast technical documentation, cross-functional collaboration across global teams, and real-time data analysis for mission-critical operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-25\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-25\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate R\u0026amp;D cycles by enabling instant access to technical knowledge and best practices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance cross-team collaboration with AI-powered search and summarization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImprove competitive intelligence and market monitoring for business development and contract bidding.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEngineering knowledge management for mission design and troubleshooting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated synthesis of regulatory and compliance updates.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompetitive landscape analysis for proposal teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time summarization of scientific and technical literature.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecutive briefings on industry trends and partner activities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduction in time spent searching for technical information.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFaster onboarding and upskilling of new engineers and project managers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved win rates in competitive bids through better intelligence.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-25\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-25\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget CTO, CIO, and heads of engineering with a tailored demo focused on technical search and knowledge management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEngage CFO and transformation leaders with ROI case studies from aerospace/defense peers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeverage recent news (e.g., SatixFy acquisition, G7 recognition) to position Perplexity as a catalyst for their next phase of digital transformation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven track record of accelerating technical workflows in complex, regulated industries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with existing engineering and knowledge management systems.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecurity and compliance features aligned with government and defense requirements.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemonstrated ROI in reducing research and proposal preparation time.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData security and IP protectionā€”counter with robust enterprise-grade controls.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration complexityā€”highlight Perplexityā€™s flexible APIs and support model.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange managementā€”offer pilot programs and user training.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a discovery call with technical and transformation leads.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a customized pilot focused on a current engineering or RFP workflow.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare aerospace/defense case studies and ROI benchmarks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-25\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-25\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAcquisition of SatixFy Communications Ltd to enhance satellite communications capabilities (April 2025)\u003csup id=\"fnref78:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecognition for dark vessel detection technology in G7 Declaration on Maritime Security\u003csup id=\"fnref66:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNamed as one of Canadaā€™s top growing companies by The Globe and Mail\u003csup id=\"fnref135:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMajor contract win for Telesat Lightspeed LEO satellite constellation (2023)\u003csup id=\"fnref103:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppointment of Guillaume Lavoie as CFO (2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref136:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-25\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-25\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement; opportunity to build greenfield relationship.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Strong partnerships with government agencies (CSA, NASA), satellite operators (Telesat), and recent expansion through acquisition (SatixFy); likely evaluating AI/ML vendors for technical and business applications.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-25\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-25\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMDA Space Investor Relations Portal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent press releases on SatixFy acquisition and G7 recognition\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWikipedia profile for company history and leadership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Globe and Mailā€™s ranking of top growing companies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis report provides a strategic foundation for engaging MDA Space Ltd, highlighting alignment between their innovation agenda and Perplexityā€™s enterprise AI solutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"magellan-aerospace-corporation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMagellan Aerospace Corporation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#magellan-aerospace-corporation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-26\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-26\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMagellan Aerospace Corporation is a leading Canadian manufacturer and global supplier of complex aerospace systems, components, and assemblies serving both commercial and defense markets. With a diversified business model spanning aeroengines, aerostructures, rockets, and space systems, Magellan operates across North America, Europe, and India. The company is publicly traded (TSX: MAL), employs approximately 3,000 staff, and maintains a strong reputation as a trusted partner to major OEMs like Airbus, Boeing, and Bombardier. Recent strategic agreements, such as long-term contracts with Pratt \u0026amp; Whitney Canada, highlight Magellanā€™s commitment to innovation and operational excellence, positioning it as a prime candidate for advanced AI-driven solutions to optimize workflows and competitive advantage\u003csup id=\"fnref104:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref137:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref63:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-26\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-26\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1996 (roots trace to Fleet Industries, 1930sā€“1950s acquisitions)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Mississauga, Ontario, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Aerospace, with focus on aeroengines, aerostructures, space, and defense\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e ~3,000 employees, C$843 million revenue (2014), Market Cap ~C$958 million (May 2025)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To provide integrated, innovative products and services to the global aerospace industry, supporting both commercial and defense customers\u003csup id=\"fnref67:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref105:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref79:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSigned long-term agreements with Pratt \u0026amp; Whitney Canada for complex machined components, expanding manufacturing in India\u003csup id=\"fnref138:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing partnerships with major aerospace primes (Airbus, Boeing, Bombardier, GE, Rolls-Royce)\u003csup id=\"fnref106:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref139:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvestments in advanced machining and manufacturing technology at global facilities\u003csup id=\"fnref140:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-26\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-26\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eN. Murray Edwards ā€“ Chairman\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBackground: Prominent Canadian businessman and investor, with extensive experience in energy and industrial sectors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFocus: Strategic oversight, capital allocation, long-term growth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConnection Points: Known for supporting innovation and operational efficiency\u003csup id=\"fnref107:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhillip Underwood ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBackground: Longstanding executive in aerospace manufacturing, previously led Magellanā€™s UK operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFocus: Global expansion, operational excellence, customer relationships.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConnection Points: Deep ties to both Canadian and international aerospace communities\u003csup id=\"fnref108:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHaydn Martin ā€“ Vice President, Business Development, Marketing, and Contracts\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBackground: Experienced in global aerospace business development and contract negotiation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFocus: Strategic partnerships, new business acquisition, customer engagement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConnection Points: Instrumental in recent Pratt \u0026amp; Whitney Canada agreements\u003csup id=\"fnref141:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChief Financial Officer (Name not specified)\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBackground: Oversees financial operations, reporting, and risk management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFocus: Financial strategy, investor relations, cost optimization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConnection Points: Key contact for enterprise solution ROI discussions\u003csup id=\"fnref68:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRon Drepaul ā€“ General Manager, Winnipeg Facility\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBackground: Operational leadership, employee engagement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFocus: Plant operations, talent retention, continuous improvement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConnection Points: Drives local innovation and workforce development\u003csup id=\"fnref80:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-26\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-26\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e C$843 million (2014, latest public figure); Market Cap ~C$958 million (May 2025)\u003csup id=\"fnref109:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref64:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded on TSX (MAL); no recent private funding rounds reported.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Stable, with a diversified customer base and new long-term contracts supporting future revenue streams. P/E ratio (TTM): 23.94; EPS (TTM): 0.70 CAD; Dividend yield: 1.19%\u003csup id=\"fnref65:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-26\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-26\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Advanced CNC machining, precision manufacturing, proprietary aerospace engineering solutions, ERP and supply chain management systems\u003csup id=\"fnref142:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Expansion of state-of-the-art machining capabilities in India to support Pratt \u0026amp; Whitney Canada contracts\u003csup id=\"fnref143:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Potential to embed Perplexityā€™s AI-driven research, workflow automation, and knowledge management tools into engineering, procurement, and program management processes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e Managing complex, multi-site manufacturing operations; rapid access to technical data; streamlining RFP/RFQ processes; optimizing supply chain intelligence\u003csup id=\"fnref144:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-26\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-26\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate engineering research and bid response with AI-powered knowledge retrieval.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance competitive intelligence for major aerospace program pursuits.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamline technical documentation and compliance workflows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated aggregation of aerospace standards and regulatory updates.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRapid synthesis of customer requirements for RFPs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven supplier and market intelligence for procurement teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKnowledge management for engineering best practices and lessons learned.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time monitoring of competitor and partner activity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced bid preparation time.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved win rates on new contracts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower operational costs through workflow automation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced compliance and risk mitigation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-26\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-26\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget executive and operational leadership with a tailored demonstration of Perplexityā€™s enterprise AI capabilities, focusing on aerospace manufacturing and program management scenarios.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight proven ROI in similar complex, regulated industries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven research and workflow automation tailored for aerospace.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamlined compliance and technical documentation processes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced competitive intelligence for major program bids.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScalable solutions for multinational, multi-site operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with existing ERP and PLM systems.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData security and IP protection concerns: Address with enterprise-grade, on-premises deployment options.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange management and user adoption: Offer comprehensive onboarding and support.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eROI justification: Provide case studies and pilot program metrics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest an introductory call with VP Business Development and CFO.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a customized pilot focused on bid management and technical research.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare aerospace-specific case studies and whitepapers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-26\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-26\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSigned long-term manufacturing agreements with Pratt \u0026amp; Whitney Canada, expanding work in India\u003csup id=\"fnref145:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnounced quarterly dividends and stable financial performance\u003csup id=\"fnref66:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing partnerships with major aerospace OEMs and primes\u003csup id=\"fnref110:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref146:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExploring new manufacturing partnerships in India for sand casting\u003csup id=\"fnref67:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCelebrated 17th annual retiree breakfast at Winnipeg facility, highlighting strong employee engagement\u003csup id=\"fnref81:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-26\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-26\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement; opportunity for first-mover advantage.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep, longstanding relationships with major aerospace OEMs; likely exposure to legacy enterprise software vendors but limited evidence of advanced AI adoption.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-26\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-26\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMagellan Aerospace Corporate Website\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent press release on Pratt \u0026amp; Whitney Canada agreements\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMagellan Aerospace LinkedIn page\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTSX and Yahoo Finance profiles for financial data\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWikipedia for company history and executive profiles\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"northland-power\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNorthland Power \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#northland-power\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-27\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-27\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNorthland Power Inc. is a Toronto-based, publicly traded global power producer specializing in renewable energy, with a diversified asset base spanning offshore and onshore wind, solar, natural gas, and battery storage. With nearly four decades of experience and a presence across Asia, Europe, Latin America, and North America, Northland is positioned as a leader in the global energy transition. The company is currently navigating a transitional period marked by capital-intensive growth projects, with major offshore wind and energy storage developments set to drive significant increases in cash flow and earnings by 2027. Northlandā€™s focus on innovation, operational excellence, and regulated utility services makes it a prime candidate for advanced AI-powered solutions to optimize project execution and information workflows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-27\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-27\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1987 by James C. Temerty\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Toronto, Ontario, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Renewable Energy, Power Generation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e 501ā€“1,000 employees; Market cap: ~$5.3 billion; Revenue (Q1 2025): $648.5 million\u003csup id=\"fnref111:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref82:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e Accelerate the global energy transition by developing, building, owning, and operating clean and green power infrastructure\u003csup id=\"fnref69:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref95:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref147:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMajor construction milestones in the Hai Long (Taiwan) and Baltic Power (Poland) offshore wind projects\u003csup id=\"fnref112:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref83:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpansion into energy storage with the Oneida project in Ontario\u003csup id=\"fnref113:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-27\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-27\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChristine Healy ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive leadership experience in global energy; previously held executive roles in major energy companies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic growth, international expansion, operational excellence.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Track record in scaling renewable portfolios; commitment to innovation and sustainability\u003csup id=\"fnref84:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMichelle Chislett ā€“ Executive Vice President, Offshore Wind\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Deep expertise in offshore wind development; recognized industry leader.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Delivery of major wind projects (Hai Long, Baltic Power), stakeholder engagement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Active in industry forums and panels; focus on supply chain resilience\u003csup id=\"fnref85:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNathalie Chabert ā€“ Senior Director, Head of Financial Risk Oversight\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial risk management in energy sector.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Risk oversight, financial structuring for large-scale projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Interest in advanced analytics for risk mitigation\u003csup id=\"fnref86:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLeah Pollock ā€“ Head of HR, Americas\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Human resources leadership in energy and infrastructure.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Talent development, diversity and inclusion.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Advocates for gender equity and organizational culture\u003csup id=\"fnref87:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCat B. ā€“ Deputy Project Director, Baltic Power\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Project management in renewables; expertise in offshore wind execution.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Project delivery, local supply chain development.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Engaged in regional economic growth and supply chain optimization\u003csup id=\"fnref88:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-27\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-27\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e $648.5 million (Q1 2025); $754.9 million (Q1 2024)\u003csup id=\"fnref114:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded since 1997 (TSX: NPI, NPI.PR.A, NPI.PR.B)\u003csup id=\"fnref96:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref89:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e EBITDA for 2024 was ~$1.3 billion; major projects expected to add $570ā€“$615 million in annual Adjusted EBITDA and $185ā€“$210 million in free cash flow by 2027\u003csup id=\"fnref115:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfitability:\u003c/strong\u003e Net income Q1 2025: $110.8 million (down from $149.3 million in Q1 2024, reflecting transitional project phase)\u003csup id=\"fnref116:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFinancial Challenges/Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Impacted by inflation, interest rates, and wind variability in Europe; significant upside anticipated from new projects coming online\u003csup id=\"fnref117:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-27\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-27\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Renewable generation (offshore/onshore wind, solar), natural gas, battery energy storage, regulated utility operations\u003csup id=\"fnref97:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref148:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHai Long (Taiwan, 1,044 MW offshore wind)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBaltic Power (Poland, 1,140 MW offshore wind)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOneida (Ontario, 250 MW battery storage)\u003csup id=\"fnref98:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref118:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven project management and data analytics for large-scale construction and operations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKnowledge management and workflow automation for multi-country teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdvanced risk modeling and scenario analysis for financial oversight\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging complex, multi-jurisdictional projects\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time data integration from diverse assets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreamlining regulatory compliance and stakeholder reporting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-27\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-27\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate project delivery and reduce risk through AI-powered knowledge management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance operational efficiency by centralizing project data and insights\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport financial modeling and scenario planning for new investments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProject documentation search and synthesis for engineering and regulatory teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompetitive intelligence and market analysis for business development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated reporting and compliance tracking\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecutive briefing and decision support dashboards\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTalent and HR analytics to support DEI and workforce planning\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduce time spent on information retrieval and reporting by up to 30%\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImprove project risk identification and mitigation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnable faster, data-driven decision making for capital allocation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuantify value through increased project execution speed and reduced compliance costs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-27\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-27\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePosition Perplexity as a strategic partner for digital transformation in renewable energy project management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight proven impact in accelerating project timelines and enhancing cross-border collaboration\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer tailored demos focused on offshore wind, energy storage, and regulatory workflows\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProven ability to centralize and contextualize project knowledge across global teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-powered analytics for risk, compliance, and financial modeling\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with existing tools and data sources\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport for ESG and sustainability reporting requirements\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrengthen competitive intelligence in rapidly evolving markets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcern over integration with legacy systems (counter: robust APIs and customization)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData security and regulatory compliance (counter: enterprise-grade security and compliance certifications)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange management for large teams (counter: dedicated onboarding and user training)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIdentify and connect with project management and IT leads for pilot scoping\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSchedule executive briefing with CEO/EVP Offshore Wind\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies from similar multi-jurisdictional renewable energy clients\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a workshop on AI-driven project intelligence for renewable developers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-27\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-27\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSuccessful installation milestones for Hai Long Offshore Wind in Taiwan, progressing toward 1,044 MW capacity\u003csup id=\"fnref90:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBaltic Power project in Poland on track to become the countryā€™s first offshore wind farm, supporting local supply chain development\u003csup id=\"fnref91:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOneida battery storage project in Ontario advancing as a key grid reliability initiative\u003csup id=\"fnref119:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEBSA (Colombia) wins innovation award for safety tool implementation\u003csup id=\"fnref92:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeadership focus on diversity, equity, and inclusion highlighted during International Womenā€™s Day\u003csup id=\"fnref93:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-27\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-27\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement; active on LinkedIn and industry events\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Competes with and partners alongside major global renewable players (e.g., Ƙrsted, RWE, Boralex); likely engaged with a range of digital and analytics vendors\u003csup id=\"fnref94:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-27\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-27\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNorthland Power Corporate Website\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent earnings reports and investor presentations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCanadian Renewable Energy Association profile\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLinkedIn updates and leadership interviews\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNorthland Powerā€™s ambitious growth pipeline and global project complexity present a strong fit for Perplexityā€™s enterprise solutions, particularly in project intelligence, workflow automation, and strategic decision support.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"opentext\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOpenText \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#opentext\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-28\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-28\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpenText is a global leader in information management software, headquartered in Waterloo, Ontario, with a workforce of approximately 23,000 employees worldwide. The company has evolved from its roots in enterprise content management to become a major player in cloud, AI, and cybersecurity, serving large enterprises and government agencies. OpenTextā€™s aggressive pivot to AI, highlighted by recent restructuring and technology investments, positions it as a key innovator but also brings operational and workforce transformation challenges. With a broad product portfolio and a focus on AI-first strategies, OpenText presents significant opportunities for Perplexity to deliver value through advanced AI integration, workflow automation, and information discovery.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-28\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-28\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1991 by Timothy Bray, Frank Tompa, and Gaston Gonnet\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Waterloo, Ontario, Canada\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Software Development, specializing in Information Management, Cloud, and AI solutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e ~23,000 employees globally\u003csup id=\"fnref99:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref95:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref120:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To connect knowledge with action and spur innovation and growth by reimagining information management through AI and automation\u003csup id=\"fnref70:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMajor shift to an AI-first business model, making AI a baseline expectation for all roles\u003csup id=\"fnref96:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlobal workforce restructuring, reducing net headcount by 2,000 as part of a business optimization plan\u003csup id=\"fnref97:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecognized as one of Canadaā€™s Top Employers for Young People and Most Responsible Companies for 2025\u003csup id=\"fnref100:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-28\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-28\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMark J. Barrenechea ā€“ CEO \u0026amp; CTO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Joined OpenText in 2012; previously CTO at SGI and EVP at CA Technologies. Named Canadian Business CEO of the Year in 2015\u003csup id=\"fnref101:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e AI-first transformation, operational efficiency, innovation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Thought leader in enterprise AI, strong advocate for automation and digital transformation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eErin McCabe ā€“ SVP, Corporate Communications\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Oversees communications strategy; key spokesperson during recent restructuring\u003csup id=\"fnref98:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Change management, stakeholder communications.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Expertise in messaging around technology adoption and workforce transformation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOther Key Executives:\u003c/strong\u003e (Based on typical structure; names may need confirmation)\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChief Financial Officer:\u003c/strong\u003e Oversees financial strategy, M\u0026amp;A, and cost optimization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChief Information Officer:\u003c/strong\u003e Leads technology strategy and IT infrastructure.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChief Product Officer:\u003c/strong\u003e Drives product innovation, especially in AI and cloud.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-28\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-28\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Most recent report shows a 13% year-over-year decline, largely attributed to divestitures from the Micro Focus acquisition\u003csup id=\"fnref99:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded (NASDAQ/TSX: OTEX); history of significant acquisitions funded via cash and stock\u003csup id=\"fnref102:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Historically acquisitive, with major purchases including Documentum, Carbonite, and Micro Focus (US$6 billion in 2023)\u003csup id=\"fnref103:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Current focus on cost reduction and AI-driven operational efficiency, targeting $490ā€“$550 million USD in annual savings\u003csup id=\"fnref100:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-28\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-28\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnterprise Content Management (OpenText Content Suite, Documentum)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI \u0026amp; Analytics (OpenText Magellan, Aviator)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCybersecurity (EnCase, Carbonite, Webroot, ArcSight, NetIQ)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCloud-native platforms (Titanium X, Business Network)\u003csup id=\"fnref104:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunch of Titanium X platform with over 100 AI agents\u003csup id=\"fnref105:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration of generative AI (Aviator) for industry-specific solutions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpansion into next-gen cybersecurity through acquisitions (e.g., Bricata, Micro Focus assets).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexity can enhance OpenTextā€™s AI-powered search, knowledge management, and workflow automation within existing platforms (e.g., Content Suite, Aviator).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePotential for embedding Perplexityā€™s conversational AI into customer support and DevOps automation tools.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging massive, complex information ecosystems across acquired platforms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnsuring seamless AI adoption and user enablement amid rapid organizational change.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAddressing compliance and security in regulated industries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-28\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-28\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate AI adoption and value realization across OpenTextā€™s customer base.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance enterprise search, discovery, and knowledge management with Perplexityā€™s LLM-powered solutions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport change management and upskilling as AI becomes a baseline expectation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven enterprise search and knowledge retrieval for large, distributed teams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated content summarization, compliance checks, and workflow orchestration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConversational AI assistants for IT, HR, and customer support functions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced cybersecurity intelligence and incident response automation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuantify time savings in knowledge work and support functions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemonstrate reduction in manual effort and operational costs through automation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeasure improvements in user satisfaction and compliance efficiency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-28\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-28\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePosition Perplexity as a strategic AI partner that accelerates OpenTextā€™s vision for an AI-first enterprise.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlight seamless integration with OpenTextā€™s core platforms and ability to drive measurable ROI.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTailor messaging to executive priorities: operational efficiency, innovation, and workforce enablement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s proven impact on enterprise productivity and information discovery.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlignment with OpenTextā€™s AI-first mandate and need for rapid upskilling.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecure, scalable, and compliant AI solutions for regulated markets.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSuccess stories from similar large-scale enterprise deployments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about overlapping AI initiatives or internal build vs. buy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration complexity with legacy and acquired systems.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange fatigue amid ongoing restructuring.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest executive meeting focused on AI integration roadmap.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a tailored pilot or proof-of-concept within a key OpenText business unit.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare case studies and ROI benchmarks from comparable enterprise clients.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-28\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-28\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnounced global workforce reduction of 2,000 net roles as part of AI-driven business optimization\u003csup id=\"fnref101:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTitanium X platform update introduced 100+ new AI agents and advanced cloud capabilities\u003csup id=\"fnref106:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecognized as a top employer for young people and for corporate responsibility in 2025\u003csup id=\"fnref107:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJoined the U.S. Joint Cyber Defense Collaborative (JCDC) to bolster cybersecurity readiness\u003csup id=\"fnref108:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRevenue decline attributed to divestitures from the Micro Focus acquisition, with renewed focus on cost savings and AI transformation\u003csup id=\"fnref102:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-28\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-28\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior Perplexity engagement; potential for outreach via executive or product leadership.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e OpenText frequently partners with and acquires companies in AI, cybersecurity, and cloud; may have overlapping relationships with other enterprise AI vendors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-28\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-28\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpenText Corporate Website\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent earnings reports and investor presentations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNews coverage of AI strategy and workforce transformation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduct documentation for Titanium X, Aviator, and Magellan platforms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"wsp-global\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWSP Global \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#wsp-global\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"executive-summary-29\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary-29\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWSP Global Inc. is a Montreal-based, publicly traded professional services and engineering consulting firm with a global footprint, serving clients across more than 40 countries and employing over 73,000 professionals. With a history of rapid expansion through strategic acquisitions, WSP is now one of the worldā€™s largest firms in the built environment, infrastructure, and environmental consulting sectors. The companyā€™s diversified service portfolio, strong financial growth, and commitment to sustainability position it as a key player in addressing complex challenges for governments, businesses, and communities worldwide. WSPā€™s ongoing investments in technology and talent make it a strong prospect for advanced AI-driven knowledge and workflow solutions like Perplexity Enterprise Pro\u003csup id=\"fnref71:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref121:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref149:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"company-overview-29\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompany Overview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#company-overview-29\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFounded:\u003c/strong\u003e 1959 (as GBGM/Genivar); WSP brand adopted after 2012 acquisition\u003csup id=\"fnref122:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref150:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeadquarters:\u003c/strong\u003e Montreal, Quebec, Canada\u003csup id=\"fnref123:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref151:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry:\u003c/strong\u003e Engineering, environmental, and professional services; focus on the built and natural environment, infrastructure, energy, and transportation\u003csup id=\"fnref72:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref124:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref152:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c/strong\u003e ~73,300 employees, 500 offices in 40+ countries\u003csup id=\"fnref73:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref125:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref153:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMission:\u003c/strong\u003e To unite engineering, advisory, and science-based expertise to make a positive impact and transform the world for the better\u003csup id=\"fnref74:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnounced $1.78B acquisition of POWER Engineers (US, 4,000 employees) in August 2024\u003csup id=\"fnref126:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent acquisitions of BG Consulting Engineers (Switzerland, 2022) and Golder (Canada, 2020)\u003csup id=\"fnref127:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"decision-makers-29\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecision Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decision-makers-29\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlexandre Lā€™Heureux ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Former CFO (2010-2016), CEO since 2016; led major global expansion\u003csup id=\"fnref154:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Strategic growth, M\u0026amp;A, sustainability, digital transformation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Finance background, strong focus on tech-driven innovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlain Michaud ā€“ Chief Financial Officer\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Extensive experience in finance leadership within WSP and other major firms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Financial performance, capital allocation, integration of acquisitions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarie-Claude Dumas ā€“ President \u0026amp; CEO, Canada\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Engineering and executive leadership in Canadian and global infrastructure\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Canadian market growth, client relationships, operational excellence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDavid McAlister ā€“ Global Director, Digital\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Technology strategy and digital transformation in engineering services\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAreas of Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e Digital solutions, data-driven services, innovation partnerships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Connection Points:\u003c/strong\u003e Many executives have backgrounds in engineering, finance, and digital transformation, with strong interests in sustainability, operational efficiency, and innovation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"financial-snapshot-29\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinancial Snapshot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#financial-snapshot-29\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue:\u003c/strong\u003e Estimated annual revenue exceeds CAD $10 billion, with consistent growth driven by acquisitions and organic expansion\u003csup id=\"fnref155:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref68:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u003c/strong\u003e Publicly traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX: WSP); major funding through equity and debt for acquisitions\u003csup id=\"fnref128:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref156:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth Trajectory:\u003c/strong\u003e Aggressive M\u0026amp;A strategy; recent deals (Golder, BG, POWER Engineers) have significantly increased scale and market reach\u003csup id=\"fnref129:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"technology-landscape-29\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnology Landscape \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technology-landscape-29\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrent Stack:\u003c/strong\u003e Advanced engineering, project management, and environmental analysis platforms; increasing use of digital twins, BIM, GIS, and AI-driven modeling tools\u003csup id=\"fnref75:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref130:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Investments:\u003c/strong\u003e Acquisitions of firms with strong environmental, digital, and consulting capabilities (e.g., Golder, BG, POWER Engineers)\u003csup id=\"fnref131:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration Opportunities:\u003c/strong\u003e Perplexity can integrate with WSPā€™s knowledge management, project delivery, and digital advisory services to improve research, proposal development, and client insights.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWorkflow Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e Managing vast, distributed expertise; rapid onboarding of acquired teams; scaling knowledge sharing; and accelerating client response times.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"strategic-opportunities-29\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStrategic Opportunities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#strategic-opportunities-29\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrimary Value Drivers:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccelerate research and proposal cycles with AI-powered knowledge retrieval\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhance cross-border collaboration and knowledge sharing post-acquisition\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport digital transformation and client advisory services with advanced AI insights\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Case Alignment:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomated RFP/proposal research and drafting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReal-time synthesis of regulatory, technical, and market data for project teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-driven environmental and sustainability analysis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecutive briefings and competitive intelligence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKnowledge onboarding for new acquisitions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eROI Framework:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduced time-to-proposal and increased win rates\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLowered research and onboarding costs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved project delivery efficiency and client satisfaction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuantifiable reduction in duplicated effort across global teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"engagement-strategy-29\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngagement Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engagement-strategy-29\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommended Approach:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget digital transformation and innovation leaders with a value proposition focused on accelerating knowledge workflows and supporting global integration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeverage recent acquisition activity as a trigger for scalable, AI-driven knowledge management solutions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Talking Points:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerplexityā€™s ability to unify and surface institutional knowledge across newly integrated teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemonstrated ROI in reducing research and proposal development time\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport for sustainability and ESG reporting with real-time data synthesis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeamless integration with existing engineering and project management tools\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Objections:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns over data privacy and security in a global, regulated environment (counter: robust compliance and on-premise options)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChange management and adoption for new digital tools (counter: tailored onboarding and proven ease-of-use)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNext Best Actions:\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequest a discovery session with WSPā€™s digital and innovation leadership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer a pilot focused on a high-value, cross-border project team\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProvide case studies from similar global engineering firms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"recent-news-and-insights-29\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecent News and Insights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recent-news-and-insights-29\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnounced $1.78B acquisition of POWER Engineers (US, August 2024), expanding US presence and energy sector capabilities\u003csup id=\"fnref132:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompleted integration of BG Consulting Engineers (Switzerland, 2022) and Golder (Canada, 2020), strengthening environmental and geotechnical services\u003csup id=\"fnref133:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing expansion in ESG and sustainability consulting, including attempted RPS Group acquisition (2022)\u003csup id=\"fnref134:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref157:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConsistent recognition as a top global engineering and consulting brand\u003csup id=\"fnref76:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref135:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"relationship-intelligence-29\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRelationship Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#relationship-intelligence-29\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExisting Connections:\u003c/strong\u003e No direct evidence of prior engagement with Perplexity; significant digital transformation activity suggests openness to new partnerships.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompetitive Relationships:\u003c/strong\u003e Competes with AECOM, Jacobs, Tetra Tech, and Stantec, all of whom are investing in digital and AI-driven solutions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"appendix-additional-resources-29\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppendix: Additional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appendix-additional-resources-29\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWSP Global official website\u003csup id=\"fnref77:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWSP Global Wikipedia profile\u003csup id=\"fnref136:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent financials and news on Yahoo Finance\u003csup id=\"fnref109:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e and The Motley Fool Canada\u003csup id=\"fnref69:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\"\u003eā‚\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\" role=\"doc-endnotes\"\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:1\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai/finance/AMD\"\u003ehttps://www.perplexity.ai/finance/AMD\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref1:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref2:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref3:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref4:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref5:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref6:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref7:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref8:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref9:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref10:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref11:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref12:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref13:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref14:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref15:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref16:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref17:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref18:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref19:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref20:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref21:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref22:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref23:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref24:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref25:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref26:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref27:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref28:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref29:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref30:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref31:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref32:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref33:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref34:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref35:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref36:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref37:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref38:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref39:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref40:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref41:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref42:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref43:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref44:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref45:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref46:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref47:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref48:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref49:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref50:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref51:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref52:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref53:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref54:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref55:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref56:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref57:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref58:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref59:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref60:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref61:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref62:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref63:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref64:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref65:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref66:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref67:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref68:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref69:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref70:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref71:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref72:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref73:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref74:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref75:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref76:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref77:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD\"\u003ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref1:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref2:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref3:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref4:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref5:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref6:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref7:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref8:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref9:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref10:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref11:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref12:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref13:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref14:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref15:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref16:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref17:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref18:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref19:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref20:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref21:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref22:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref23:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref24:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref25:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref26:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref27:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref28:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref29:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref30:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref31:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref32:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref33:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref34:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref35:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref36:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref37:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref38:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref39:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref40:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref41:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref42:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref43:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref44:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref45:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref46:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref47:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref48:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref49:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref50:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref51:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref52:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref53:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref54:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref55:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref56:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref57:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref58:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref59:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref60:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref61:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref62:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref63:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref64:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref65:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref66:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref67:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref68:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref69:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref70:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref71:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref72:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref73:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref74:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref75:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref76:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref77:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref78:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref79:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref80:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref81:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref82:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref83:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref84:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref85:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref86:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref87:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref88:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref89:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref90:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref91:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref92:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref93:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref94:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref95:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref96:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref97:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref98:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref99:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref100:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref101:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref102:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref103:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref104:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref105:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref106:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref107:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref108:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref109:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref110:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref111:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref112:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref113:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref114:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref115:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref116:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref117:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref118:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref119:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref120:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref121:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref122:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref123:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref124:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref125:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref126:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref127:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref128:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref129:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref130:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref131:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref132:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref133:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref134:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref135:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref136:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:3\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.amd.com/en.html\"\u003ehttps://www.amd.com/en.html\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref1:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref2:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref3:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref4:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref5:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref6:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref7:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref8:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref9:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref10:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref11:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref12:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref13:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref14:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref15:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref16:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref17:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref18:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref19:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref20:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref21:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref22:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref23:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref24:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref25:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref26:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref27:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref28:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref29:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref30:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref31:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref32:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref33:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref34:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref35:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref36:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref37:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref38:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref39:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref40:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref41:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref42:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref43:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref44:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref45:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref46:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref47:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref48:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref49:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref50:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref51:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref52:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref53:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref54:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref55:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref56:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref57:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref58:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref59:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref60:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref61:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref62:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref63:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref64:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref65:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref66:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref67:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref68:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref69:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref70:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref71:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref72:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref73:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref74:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref75:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref76:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref77:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref78:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref79:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref80:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref81:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref82:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref83:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref84:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref85:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref86:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref87:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref88:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref89:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref90:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref91:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref92:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref93:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref94:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref95:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref96:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref97:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref98:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref99:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref100:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref101:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref102:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref103:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref104:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref105:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref106:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref107:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref108:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref109:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/amd\"\u003ehttps://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/amd\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref1:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref2:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref3:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref4:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref5:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref6:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref7:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref8:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref9:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref10:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref11:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref12:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref13:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref14:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref15:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref16:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref17:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref18:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref19:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref20:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref21:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref22:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref23:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref24:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref25:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref26:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref27:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref28:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref29:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref30:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref31:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref32:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref33:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref34:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref35:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref36:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref37:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref38:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref39:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref40:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref41:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref42:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref43:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref44:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref45:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref46:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref47:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref48:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref49:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref50:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref51:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref52:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref53:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref54:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref55:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref56:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref57:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref58:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref59:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref60:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref61:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref62:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref63:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref64:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref65:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref66:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref67:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref68:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref69:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref70:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref71:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref72:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref73:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref74:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref75:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref76:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref77:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref78:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref79:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref80:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref81:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref82:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref83:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref84:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref85:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref86:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref87:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref88:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref89:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref90:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref91:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref92:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref93:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref94:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref95:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref96:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref97:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref98:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref99:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref100:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref101:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref102:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref103:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref104:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref105:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref106:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref107:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref108:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref109:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref110:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref111:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref112:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref113:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref114:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref115:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref116:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref117:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref118:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref119:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref120:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref121:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref122:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref123:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref124:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref125:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref126:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref127:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref128:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref129:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref130:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref131:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref132:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref133:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref134:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref135:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref136:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref137:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref138:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref139:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref140:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref141:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref142:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref143:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref144:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref145:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref146:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref147:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref148:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref149:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref150:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref151:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref152:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref153:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref154:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref155:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref156:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref157:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:5\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ca.linkedin.com/company/amd\"\u003ehttps://ca.linkedin.com/company/amd\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref1:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref2:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref3:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref4:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref5:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref6:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref7:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref8:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref9:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref10:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref11:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref12:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref13:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref14:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref15:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref16:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref17:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref18:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref19:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref20:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref21:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref22:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref23:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref24:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref25:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref26:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref27:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref28:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref29:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref30:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref31:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref32:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref33:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref34:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref35:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref36:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref37:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref38:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref39:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref40:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref41:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref42:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref43:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref44:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref45:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref46:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref47:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref48:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref49:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref50:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref51:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref52:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref53:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref54:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref55:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref56:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref57:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref58:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref59:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref60:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref61:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref62:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref63:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref64:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref65:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref66:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref67:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref68:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref69:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:6\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/quotes/AMD\"\u003ehttps://www.cnbc.com/quotes/AMD\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref1:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref2:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref3:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref4:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref5:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref6:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref7:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref8:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref9:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref10:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref11:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref12:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref13:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref14:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref15:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref16:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref17:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref18:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref19:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref20:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref21:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref22:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref23:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref24:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref25:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref26:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref27:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref28:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref29:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref30:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref31:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref32:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref33:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref34:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref35:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref36:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref37:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref38:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref39:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref40:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref41:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref42:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref43:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref44:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref45:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref46:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref47:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref48:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref49:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref50:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref51:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref52:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref53:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref54:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref55:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref56:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref57:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref58:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref59:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref60:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref61:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref62:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref63:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref64:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref65:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref66:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref67:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref68:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref69:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref70:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref71:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref72:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref73:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref74:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref75:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref76:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref77:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref78:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref79:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref80:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref81:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref82:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref83:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref84:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref85:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref86:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref87:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref88:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref89:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref90:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref91:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref92:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref93:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref94:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref95:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref96:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref97:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref98:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref99:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref100:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref101:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref102:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:7\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.tradingview.com/symbols/NASDAQ-AMD/\"\u003ehttps://www.tradingview.com/symbols/NASDAQ-AMD/\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref1:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref2:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref3:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref4:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref5:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref6:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref7:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref8:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref9:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref10:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref11:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref12:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref13:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref14:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref15:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref16:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref17:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref18:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref19:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref20:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref21:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref22:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref23:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref24:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref25:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref26:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref27:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref28:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref29:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref30:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref31:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref32:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref33:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref34:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref35:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref36:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref37:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref38:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref39:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref40:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref41:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref42:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref43:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref44:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref45:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref46:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref47:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref48:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:8\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.broadcom.com\"\u003ehttps://www.broadcom.com\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:8\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref1:8\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref2:8\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref3:8\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:9\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/market-data/quotes/AMD\"\u003ehttps://www.wsj.com/market-data/quotes/AMD\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref1:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref2:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref3:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref4:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref5:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref6:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref7:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref8:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref9:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref10:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref11:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref12:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref13:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref14:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref15:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref16:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:10\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/AVGO/\"\u003ehttps://finance.yahoo.com/quote/AVGO/\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:10\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref1:10\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref2:10\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:11\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.investors.com/news/meta-stock-broadcom-stock-handle-buy-point-earnings-bj-on-ai-tariffs/\"\u003ehttps://www.investors.com/news/meta-stock-broadcom-stock-handle-buy-point-earnings-bj-on-ai-tariffs/\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:11\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref1:11\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref2:11\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref3:11\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref4:11\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:12\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.tradingview.com/news/zacks:f2dfb1ab4094b:0-qualcomm-vs-broadcom-which-chip-giant-is-the-better-buy-now/\"\u003ehttps://www.tradingview.com/news/zacks:f2dfb1ab4094b:0-qualcomm-vs-broadcom-which-chip-giant-is-the-better-buy-now/\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:12\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref1:12\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref2:12\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:13\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/quotes/AVGO\"\u003ehttps://www.cnbc.com/quotes/AVGO\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:13\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:14\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.aol.com/invest-75k-nvidia-broadcom-strategy-144004973.html\"\u003ehttps://www.aol.com/invest-75k-nvidia-broadcom-strategy-144004973.html\u003c/a\u003e\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:14\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e" }, { "title": "Zitems", "date_published": "2025-05-26T07:45:05-07:00", "date_modified": "2025-05-26T07:45:05-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/trade/interactive-brokers/zitems/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/trade/interactive-brokers/zitems/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eSeveral interesting items such as podcasts, history, curiosities will be listed here in no particular order.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"margin-masters-review-podcast\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMargin Masters Review Podcast \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#margin-masters-review-podcast\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a very interesting review done by Zack Fuss, Freddy Lait, and Jacopo di Nardo detailing a bit of the history of IBKR from its founding in 1978 by Thomas Peterffy, as well as the systems that make this brokerage so effective. The transcript of the video available from \u003ca href=\"https://joincolossus.com/episode/ibkr-margin-masters/\"\u003ejoincolossus\u003c/a\u003e generated from the pdf file by Chatgpt follows below follows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/xNHPgKQCiBI?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"introduction\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIntroduction \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#introduction\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eZack\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nI\u0026rsquo;m Zack Fuss and today we are breaking down Interactive Brokers, widely recognized as IBKR. Founded in 1978, Interactive Brokers evolved from a market maker on the American Stock Exchange to a global cutting-edge electronic brokerage firm. Its founder, Thomas Peterffy, remains its largest shareholder and is one of the wealthiest people in the world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeterffy immigrated to the US from Hungary, taught himself computer programming, pioneered automated trading, and played a crucial role in digitizing financial markets. Today, we\u0026rsquo;ll explore IBKR\u0026rsquo;s journey from Timberhill to a public company with a ~$80B market cap.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWeā€™ll cover how IBKR earns revenue beyond commissions, including net interest income and market-making activities. Weā€™ll discuss its reputation for low-cost access, global reach, sophisticated tools, and automated tech stack.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGuests:\u003c/strong\u003e Freddy Lait and Jacopo di Nardo of Latitude Investment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"the-low-cost-brokerage-revolution\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Low-Cost Brokerage Revolution \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-low-cost-brokerage-revolution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eZack\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nFreddy, Jacopo, can we start with a broad view of the brokerage industry and where IBKR fits in?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFreddy\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIBKR is a digital broker that started 50 years ago with a tech-first approach. They\u0026rsquo;ve built the lowest cost-to-serve, highest quality platform through automation. This results in:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighest profitability\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNo advertising\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExplosive customer growth\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTheyā€™re seeing compounded growth from:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOther brokers introducing business\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHedge funds and RIAs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInternational expansion\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eZack\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWhat are IBKRā€™s key revenue streams?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFreddy\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nTwo main sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCommissions\u003c/strong\u003e: ~$600/account/year from 3.5M accounts = ~$2B/year\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNet interest margin\u003c/strong\u003e: ~11% of client assets on margin = ~$3B/year\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrimary driver = \u003cstrong\u003eaccount growth\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"differentiation--technology\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDifferentiation \u0026amp; Technology \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#differentiation--technology\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eZack\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHow is IBKR different from Schwab, Fidelity, Robinhood?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJacopo\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFounded by an engineer, Thomas Peterffy\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMost automated broker (including account closure bots)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFavored by experienced/pro traders\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAverage IBKR account: $200Kā€“$2M\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContrast: Robinhood/Etoro: $5Kā€“$10K\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"thomas-peterffy-the-founder\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThomas Peterffy: The Founder \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#thomas-peterffy-the-founder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eZack\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nTell us about Thomas Peterffy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJacopo\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImmigrant from Hungary, built Timber Hill (options market-maker)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePioneered automated option pricing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRisk management obsessed\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClosed market-making arm post-2008 to focus on online brokerage\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAvoided risky behaviors (e.g. no duration risk when rates were 0%)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"business-model-in-the-pfof-era\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBusiness Model in the PFOF Era \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#business-model-in-the-pfof-era\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eZack\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a zero-commission world, how does IBKR thrive?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFreddy\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDirect market access (no middleman)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNo payment for order flow (PFOF), better execution for customers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower commissions, cheaper margin loans, better cash yields\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomation = lower opex ā†’ reinvest in price reductions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"tech-enabled-efficiency\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTech-Enabled Efficiency \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tech-enabled-efficiency\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eZack\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nLow headcount, automated risk managementā€”how does this impact margin lending?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJacopo\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFortress balance sheet: $18B excess capital (~95%)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstant, automated liquidation of undercollateralized accounts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffers \u003cstrong\u003elower margin\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "Manifesto MEGA", "date_published": "2025-05-18T07:57:03-07:00", "date_modified": "2025-05-18T07:57:03-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/markus/manifesto-mega/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/markus/manifesto-mega/", "authors": [ { "name": "Markus" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA poem by Markus about religion and what to do about it.\u003cbr\u003e\nThe image was produced by Chatgpt.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI\u0026rsquo;ve never met a religious person\u003cbr\u003e\nwho really believes what they claim to believe\u003cbr\u003e\nThey follow the norms, go to church, read the books\u003cbr\u003e\nBut why then do you cry\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen your child dies?\u003cbr\u003e\nIf you believe in an afterlife\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd why all the violence and blood?\u003cbr\u003e\nIf your God is supreme he wouldn\u0026rsquo;t give a fuck\u003cbr\u003e\nabout your little nation, your team, your victory\u003cbr\u003e\nThat\u0026rsquo;s why i think all you religious folk\u003cbr\u003e\nare full of shit\u003cbr\u003e\nYou are just afraid of uncertainty\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd i get it\u003cbr\u003e\nEveryone wants to belong\u003cbr\u003e\nReligion is about community and control\u003cbr\u003e\nAt the expense of truth\u003cbr\u003e\nTruth needs no religion\u003cbr\u003e\nGod doesn\u0026rsquo;t need your belief\u003cbr\u003e\nTruth is free\u003cbr\u003e\nGod is not something to believe\u003cbr\u003e\nGod is something to become\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is the highest calling\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is the potential for man\u003cbr\u003e\nfor Artificial Intelligence\u003cbr\u003e\nto merge with the beloved\u003cbr\u003e\nA new age of art and commerce\u003cbr\u003e\nWe are all athletes, poets, scientists, healers, hunters\u003cbr\u003e\nThe lowlifes hunt animals\u003cbr\u003e\nThe highlanders hunt for beauty\u003cbr\u003e\nBeauty of greatness\u003cbr\u003e\nin thought, action, creed\u003cbr\u003e\nShow me what you believe\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd i will blind you with reality\u003cbr\u003e\nWe are all Gods in the making\u003cbr\u003e\nUnited States of Love\u003cbr\u003e\nMake Earth Great Again\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e" }, { "title": "Gary Yourofsky", "date_published": "2025-05-09T00:14:29-07:00", "date_modified": "2025-05-09T00:14:29-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/gary-yourofsky/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/gary-yourofsky/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eGary Yourofsky has been one of the most prominent animal rights activists for decades!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA remarkable, unapologetic force in the animal rights movement, Gary has really \u0026ldquo;done it all\u0026rdquo;. Find out more about him on his \u003ca href=\"https://www.adaptt.org\"\u003eadaptt.org\u003c/a\u003e website.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "JFO Exteriors", "date_published": "2025-04-07T14:50:08-07:00", "date_modified": "2025-04-07T14:50:08-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/jfo-exteriors/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/jfo-exteriors/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eJFO Exteriors provides superb cleaning, outstanding service, and remarkable pricing! We have signed up to be a regular customer for our vinyl siding and metal roof requirements.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn March 11, 2025 Jay (owner/operator) of JFO Exteriors took on short notice a job that was cancelled by another vinyl cleaning company. I had met Jay some weeks ago since he was one of many providing quotes for exterior cleaning. All of the company representatives were nice individuals, but Jay stood out in my mind because of his refreshing attitude.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe was actually quoting me for metal roof cleaning, but also mentioned he did vinyl siding. I told him that we had already committed to another company, and rather than say something like \u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;ll beat their price!\u0026rdquo;, he calmly accepted my intention to honor a commitment ahead of getting a deal. I asked him about that later and he said told me there was plenty of work for everyone and there was no need to fight each other to get jobs. Here indeed was a true example of a civilized business person, one who gives rather than takes!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd that giving is pretty good too! Jay is not only a real expert in his field, his work is meticulous as you\u0026rsquo;ll see from the before-after pictures. Our house now looks as new as when we moved in decades ago!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBe sure to check out his informative website \u003ca href=\"https://www.jfoexteriors.ca\"\u003eJFO Exteriors\u003c/a\u003e where not only are his services listed, but detailed explanations about them are provided so you actually understand some of the underlying processes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePresently JFO is running under the name Options Exterior Cleaning due to a partnership arrangement as you\u0026rsquo;ll see on the home page.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"our-google-reviews\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOur Google Reviews \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#our-google-reviews\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReview by Prad:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJay is an exceptional individual with a very refreshing attitude about business. He really does put his clientsā€™ interests first! This attitude manifests itself in not just the way he deals with people, but also in the quality of work he produces.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot only is he impeccably thorough and highly skilled in his area bringing a wealth of experience including hazmat training, he is also exceptionally considerate!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy son has, for years, been providing a habitat right at the front of our house to a group of rare spiders and asked that Jay not clean there due to the chemicals. So Jay, understanding the situation, took it upon himself to hand rub with plain water, that entire area on his own initiative!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs for the rest of the house, Jay did not just clean the vinyl siding of our house, he made our house look brand new! As the weather permits he will take care of our metal roof. In fact, he\u0026rsquo;ll be looking after our house exterior on a regular basis from now on!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe saying goes that cleanliness is next to godliness, and Jay certainly puts us on that transformative path!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"before-after-pics\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBefore After Pics \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#before-after-pics\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(All photos taken by Jay.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHouse Front\u003c/strong\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"front1.png\" alt=\"front\"\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"front2.png\" alt=\"front\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHouse Sides\u003c/strong\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"eastside1.png\" alt=\"eastside\"\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"westside1.png\" alt=\"westside\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlgae Gone!\u003c/strong\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"algaegone.png\" alt=\"algaegone\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"jay-in-action\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eJay in Action \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#jay-in-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Video taken by Jay.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is Jay clean our vinyl siding that has been left to the elements for 27 years! He makes it look as good as the original!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/uxa7QHn35Dw?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e" }, { "title": "Oanda", "date_published": "2025-02-26T13:49:24-08:00", "date_modified": "2025-02-26T13:49:24-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/trade/oanda/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/trade/oanda/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNOTE: We have withdrawn all our funds from Oanda. As of 250506, we have left the brokerage despite nearly a decade. Their bureaucratic backend has recently been difficult to work with. Even their frontline which formerly used to be excellent has not maintained proper communications. At this point in time, we will not return. Below we had started construction of a page for them, but further completion is unlikely.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOanda offers a wide range of global CFDs, decent and variable (by\nvolume) spreads, platforms such as tradingview and mt4, as well as great\nservice. Try their frontdesk by \u003ca href=\"mailto:frontdesk@oanda.com\"\u003eemail\u003c/a\u003e or\nphone (877) 626-3239.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"homepage\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.oanda.com/ca-en/\"\u003eHomepage\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#homepage\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYaps about how wonderful they are - most of which is quite true as per\nexperience. For instance, their frontdesk communications are excellent\nproviding practically instant access to a knowledgeable agent; the algo\ndepartment is very helpful showing you how to work the API (and even\nfixing things); my assigned manager, Jose Florez has been wonderful over\nmany years and continues to be so!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLinks on this page are provided to introduce primarily\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.oanda.com/ca-en/trading/\"\u003eCFD Markets\u003c/a\u003e Some basic ideas\nabout CFDs as it relates to Oanda. An interesting point made for 2025\nis that the presidential situation in US will cause volatility,\nsuggesting indices trading provides good opportunities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.oanda.com/ca-en/trading/spreads-margin/\"\u003eSpreads and\nMargins\u003c/a\u003e Lists\nthe spreads and margins of different instruments in real time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMargin\u003c/strong\u003e is ability to \u0026ldquo;enter into trades larger than your account\nbalance and trade without depositing the full value of the trade that\nyou wish to open\u0026rdquo; and is a form of security against losses incurred\n(you can\u0026rsquo;t lose more than you have in your account). The margin needed\nis calculated using \u0026ldquo;the leverage limit associated with both your\naccount type and the instrument you wish to trade\u0026rdquo;. Details of margin\nrates and leverage ratios are provided\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.oanda.com/ca-en/legal/margin-rates/\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e with choice of\ncurrency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.oanda.com/ca-en/tools/\"\u003eTrading Tools\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElite Trader Program You trade a lot and get reimbursed in various\nways such as\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVolume-based rebates\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccess to a premium referral program\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDedicated relationship manager\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"trading\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.oanda.com/ca-en/trading/\"\u003eTrading\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#trading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"platforms\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePlatforms \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#platforms\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"labs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLabs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#labs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"account-types\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAccount Types \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#account-types\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"offers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOffers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#offers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e" }, { "title": "BeeBusyGutters", "date_published": "2025-01-28T10:42:05-08:00", "date_modified": "2025-01-28T10:42:05-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/beebusygutters/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/beebusygutters/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eDenis is the owner of Bee Busy Gutters and his speciality is gutter\ninstallation. He also has more than a decade\u0026rsquo;s worth of roofing\nexperience.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe is a very pleasant individual and was willing to pressure wash our\nmetal roof and clean our gutters, even though that is not what his\nbusiness does. Additionally, he kindly offered to make sure everything\nwas in good condition such as vents etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEven though we did not get him to do the cleaning, we appreciate this\nsort of consideration and recommend him highly. If we ever require\ngutter replacement we will certainly go to Denis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCheck out his webpage at \u003ca href=\"https://beebusygutters.ca\"\u003eBusy Bee Gutters\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Musescore", "date_published": "2025-01-24T13:00:02-08:00", "date_modified": "2025-01-24T13:00:02-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/musescore/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/musescore/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eMusescore4 is the most highly rated software for creating notation. It\nis pretty close to even Lilypond, but offers considerably greater\nflexibility. A nice bonus is that you can export to musicxml and then\nuse Lilypond\u0026rsquo;s musicxml2ly (-l english)script to convert!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"implode\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eimplode \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#implode\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA midi import left piano part in 2 upper and 2 lower staves. Select both\nuppers and implode them into a single multivoice staff. Then select that\nstaff and implode again to combine the voices into a single voice.\nRepeat for the lower staves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"raggedy-edge-effect\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eraggedy edge effect \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#raggedy-edge-effect\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFormat \u0026gt; Page settings and play with staff space values.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"hide-empty-bars\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ehide empty bars \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#hide-empty-bars\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFormat \u0026gt; Style \u0026gt; Score add hide empty staves rem don\u0026rsquo;t hide empty\nstaves in first system\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Scuro", "date_published": "2024-12-01T16:00:36-08:00", "date_modified": "2024-12-01T16:00:36-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/scuro/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/scuro/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA long winding adventure that tells the tale of how a 2024 Fiat 500e\nbecame the Kyron\u0026rsquo;s first car.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a complex story so we have organized it into headings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(All photos unless otherwise indicated are by Kyron.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"initializations\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInitializations \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#initializations\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt all began with rats.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eRats! They fought the dogs and killed the cats.\u003cbr\u003e\n(Prad Piper)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell not really. Rats are not the horrid varmints that some people\nmake them out to be. Theyā€™re actually resourceful and imaginative\ncreatures who make the most with the cards they have been dealt. Few\nappreciate what a hard life it can be for a rat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy son, Kyron, who has been rescuing animals ever since he was born, has\nhelped many a rat in our mini sanctuary. Each has its own unique\npersonality and interests, such as this one who liked staying on his\nshoulder fascinated by the sound while I played the organ.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"./rat.png\" alt=\"./rat.png\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eAficionado of organ music (Photo by Prad)\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBefore telling you about the role of rats, I will provide some\nbackground, as I do throughout the story here, so that you can better\nunderstand things in context. I will even provide you with links if you\nare inclined to research things to the utmost!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-rils\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Rils \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-rils\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn 2018, my wife of countless decades,\n\u003ca href=\"/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/ranjana/\"\u003eRanjana\u003c/a\u003e, made one of her\nastonishingly astute acclamations, deciding we should only drive\nelectric vehicles. After some research, we bought 2 Nissan Leafs from a\nfine salesman at Campus Nissan named Frank Pecorelli. He worked very\nhard to get us the best deal possible and arrange for us to maximize the\ngovernment grants that were available at that time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne car was silver, a 2013 leaf, and the other was a dark blue, a 2018\nleaf. They glowed like gemstones! So, inspired by Tolkien\u0026rsquo;s silmarils,\nwe named them Silveril and Sapphiril.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"./rils.jpg\" alt=\"./rils.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eThe Two Rils (Photo by Prad)\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSilveril must have had magical properties because its range seemed to\nincrease as we drove it. Once due to a miscalculation, it showed we had\nrun out of range, but I still managed to make it home! After six years,\nI changed its parking location under a tree. Unfortunately, sap from the\ntree dripped onto it, but more seriously, a group of rats decided to\nmake their home under the hood! We did not realize what had happened\ntill one day when we tried to pop open the charging compartment and it\nwouldn\u0026rsquo;t work. The rats had chewed through some of the wiring and had\nalso utilized a part of the hood as their lavatory. In fact, we were\ntold by our trusted \u003ca href=\"https://shawnigangarage.com\"\u003eShawnigan Lake Garage\u003c/a\u003e\nthat before anyone could work on the wiring, the car would have to go in\nfor a major cleaning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFortunately, ICBC covered rodent damage. When I asked the assessor,\nRobert Lise, for a recommended merchant, he said I could take it\nwherever I want, but ICBC approved dealerships made the job easier\nbecause they did the paperwork for us. So I started calling around and\nthough the first two places tried to be helpful they did not know how to\nproceed. The third phone call led me to \u003ca href=\"https://www.duncandodge.ca\"\u003eDuncan\nDodge\u003c/a\u003e, and a very nice lady named Crystal,\nwho knew exactly what to do! She was remarkably efficient and to my\nsurprise, she told me to bring the car in that same day! One of their\nservice agents, Sean looked after the repair work liaising with Robert.\nThe entire job including courtesy rides and paperwork was done in less\nthan two days!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"our-next-car\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOur Next Car \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#our-next-car\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was so impressed, I had Crystal hook me up with one of their\nsalespeople, Richard, because I planned to buy our next car from this\nfine dealership! I told Richard that we likely wouldn\u0026rsquo;t buy for awhile\nand that I didnā€™t want to waste his time, but he said I wasnā€™t wasting\nhis time at all and heā€™d be happy to do research and send me items\nwhenever they met the requirements I had set. Those requirements\neventually lead to 2 possibilities, the Bolt and the Fiat 500e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn Saturday, November 9th Richard told us he had a couple of Fiats\navailable for us to look at and was willing to talk to his manager to\nbring in some Bolts, but we went to the Island GM dealer up the road to\nlook at those after test driving one of the Fiats at Duncan Dodge. When\nwe got to the GM dealership, Kyron realized he had accidentally swiped\nthe key for the Fiat we had just driven. That made me think that this\nFiat was indeed the car we were going to get, but I took the key back\nright away to Richard telling him that now he wouldn\u0026rsquo;t have to check up\non his inventory because of the enthusiasm my son had shown.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy the time I got back to the GM dealership, Kyron had already looked\nat one of the Bolts and we were waiting for the salesguy who didn\u0026rsquo;t\nwant to talk to Kyron till I returned for some reason. He seemed to be\nbusy with some other clients even though we had set an appointment to\nmeet with him. I asked Kyron what he thought of the Bolt and it wasn\u0026rsquo;t\nmuch. Rather than waiting around for this salesguy, I said \u0026ldquo;Letā€™s just\ngo\u0026rdquo;. As we were driving out, the aforementioned salesguy came rushing\nout to find out why we weren\u0026rsquo;t waiting around for him. I told him\nsimply that we didn\u0026rsquo;t like the Bolt and we were going to get the Fiat.\nHe warned us that having sold both types of cars, he would never get a\nFiat, and I felt like telling him that he wasn\u0026rsquo;t the one getting the\ncar so he really had nothing to worry about, but I repressed this\nretort, since my son was in the car, and I felt I should set a good\nexample for him.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat very Saturday evening, Richard made arrangements for us through his\nsales manager Jeremy, to take the Fiat on their dealership insurance and\nlicense plate until we could buy it a few days later trading in Silveril\nat our convenience! Though I didn\u0026rsquo;t have the funds to pay for the car\nfor a few weeks, Richard had emailed me indicating I could get it\nfinanced at no interest/down if I wanted to move on this sooner. He also\nadded that he was on our side, and if we wanted to arm-wrestle about the\nprice, he\u0026rsquo;d go to bat for us. I thought this sort of thing to be a\nrather purile way to make a deal, and told Richard that we don\u0026rsquo;t do\nbusiness that way. They can give us their best offer and we\u0026rsquo;d either\naccept it or move on. As it turned out, the offer they made us, was\nquite suitable, so we accepted!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother fine fellow name Danny arranged for the background information\nto deal with the finances. Danny took an interest in Kyron\u0026rsquo;s music\ncareer too, since he was a folk singer himself. It was agreed that we\nwould get the car Wednesday, November 13th. They were very accommodating\nfolks indeed!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"driving-kyron\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDriving Kyron \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#driving-kyron\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBefore continuing with this story we need to flashback to how Kyron got\naround to driving - because he never wanted to! (Actually, neither he\nnot I particularly liked to drive, even though we as a project\nresuscitated a 1981 Eagle named\n\u003ca href=\"/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/kiyreagle/\"\u003eKiyreagle\u003c/a\u003e, thus\nenjoying the car without driving it.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt the end of Grade 1, Kyron asked if he could homeschool till he was\n20. As a homeschooler, he was able to explore and acquire expertise in\nnumerous areas such as music, science, photography, and computer\nscience, unburdened by the education system\u0026rsquo;s mandatory curriculum. His\nskills in the latter field grew to the extent that a professor at\nCaltech was interested in having him study there.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen he was 17, I reminded him that 20 wasn\u0026rsquo;t that far off and asked\nwhat was it he was planning to do when he reached that age. With a big\nsmile he said \u0026ldquo;Home university!\u0026rdquo; - which he did! So since most of his\nactivities were centred around the home, he rarely required\ntransportation elsewhere that he couldn\u0026rsquo;t manage on a bicycle. Driving\nwas the furthest thing from his mind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, when he turned 24, he enrolled in the Victoria Conservatory of\nMusic vocal course. To get to class, we would drive him from Shawnigan\nLake to Langford. From there, he would take the bus and we would pick\nhim up in Langford when he was finished. Often, due to his schedule,\nwe\u0026rsquo;d have to take him all the way to downtown Victoria and pick him up\nfrom there.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, Ranjana would drive him to all his concerts and\nperformances, because she enjoyed being part of his audience. Two\nyears later, he was accepted into the University of Victoria music\nprogram where he earned his Bachelors degree. After that, he moved to\nVictoria for a couple of years to do his Masters, but then returned\nhome again when COVID hit in 2020. He started teaching at both\ninstitutions as well as performing as a high demand baritone in\nVictoria. Additionally, he had established a reputation of being a\ntalented photographer and his skills were regularly sought after.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeedless to say, he had to be driven to all things or had to take public\ntransportation after being driven to the Victoria area.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo why had he not learned to drive yet?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne reason lay with his aversion to the activity in the first place. He\ntended to fall asleep in a car. Also he wasnā€™t that keen on rubbing\nshoulders with some of the crazy drivers out there that he had certainly\nwitnessed as a passenger.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe other was his mother.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"radical-ranjana\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRadical Ranjana \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#radical-ranjana\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApparently, sometime after COVID when he had started working as a vocal\nteacher at both his former schools VCM and UVic, he had asked his mother\nif it was alright that he be driven for another year just so he could\nget organized. Ranjana however decided this was an opportunity to start\nan exclusive business with the very long title, The Prad and Ranjana\nChauffeur Service for Kyron! My name came first because I did most of\nthe driving - in fact, for a while (as between 2014-2024), all of the\ndriving. Ranjana, no doubt, was doing some sort of essential\nadministrative work for this exclusive business. Every trip to Victoria\nresulted in three more, one to get back, one to go down to pick him up,\nand one to come back. I could see there was a point to this when he was\ngoing to school because it was a big change for him, but after he\nstarted work he needed to acquire some independence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen I brought up the point about her son doing his own driving to\nRanjana, I was met with the stauchly steadfast statement, \u0026ldquo;I see nothing\nwrong with us driving him everywhere!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA bit of background on Ranjana may help to alleviate your understanding of\nwhat she just said. (So will these links: \u003ca href=\"/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/001-ranjana-in-ottawa//\"\u003eRanjana in\nOttawa\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/005-wedaches/\"\u003eWedaches\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/009-a-far-far-better-thing//\"\u003eA Far Far Better\nThing\u003c/a\u003e,\nif you have the courage to follow them.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo most, Ranjana appears to be a perfectly normal and highly intelligent\nperson. I can certainly see why people would think that way, given that\nnot only does she have her Bachelors, Masters, and Doctorate degrees,\nbut she also had the brilliance to marry me. However, things are not\nalways as they appear, for trepidation doth not reveal itself to most,\nwillingly!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance, practically no one knows that Ranjana could easily have\nbeen a world champion race car driver! After we had attended an Aikido\nseminar in Montreal, she decided we had to get back to Toronto quickly.\nShe drove the entire way and completed the trip in under 3 hours. I will\nnot go through the computations to determine how fast she was traveling,\nbut let it suffice to say that this trip would have been terrifying to\nnot one but two provincial Departments of Transportation!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter that dashing display, I realized that an ordinary car would not\nstand much chance with her, and bought her a sports car, a brand new\n1984 black Chrysler laser, turbocharged with the works!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArmed with this vehicle, Ranjana had opportunities to demonstrate her\nscintillatingly, superior skillset!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance, she is the only person I know, who can drive a car that\nactually talks to you telling that it is low on fuel, but chooses to\nheroically rebel against the inevitable, managing to repeatedly run\nout of gas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, she is the only person I know that police take a special\ninterest in. When they set out a check point, they stop her while she\u0026rsquo;s\ngoing one way, and then they stop her again when she\u0026rsquo;s coming back.\nPerhaps they know something that even I donā€™t?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdmittedly, these are minor crises, so you may be wondering, how does\nshe handle something really serious?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce we were driving to Stratford, Ontario to Shakespeare ourselves,\nand were confronted with an impatient (I could use alternate\nterminology, but I don\u0026rsquo;t want to set a bad example), illegally\ncrossing the double lines to pass another car coming the other way. It\nwould have been a certain head-on high speed crash! Without\nhesitation, Ranjana accelerated her powerful sports car onto the soft\nshoulder, preventing the accident, and leaving behind the now stunned\ndriver of the other car, fearfully stopped, trembling in the middle of\nthe road!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"talking-kyron-into-driving\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTalking Kyron into driving \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#talking-kyron-into-driving\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, given the circumstances and his immediate plans, Kyron was in no\nhurry to learn to drive. What he was hoping to do, may have been to\ndelay things till FSD (full self-driving) cars became available.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, I wasn\u0026rsquo;t so optimistic even though I certainly thought FSD was\nthe way to do things. It was just too far in the future and there would\nlikely be several complications. Kyron needed his independence and I\nneeded to get alternate employment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I talked to him directly in an appropriately logical fashion. I told\nhim that while his mother was quite happy to drive him everywhere till\nthe end of time, his ability to do things would be greatly restricted by\nrelying on others for transportation. He was willing to drive in order\nto help out at home, of course, but I told him that that wasn\u0026rsquo;t the\npoint I was conveying.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe thought about moving back to Victoria, but calculated it would be\nmuch more expensive than commuting even the way we were now with 4\ntrips. There would also be issues with renting a decently located place\nwith sufficient wifi bandwidth (a problem he\u0026rsquo;d encountered while doing\nhis Masters degree).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen we looked into the possibility of electric bikes. Ranjana opposed\nobstructively objecting with \u0026ldquo;It\u0026rsquo;s too dangerous\u0026rdquo;, revelling with\nrelish in her role as the excessively protective mother. Kyron and I\nhowever, saw some merit in the idea despite the problems the rainy\nseason would offer. However, considering that the cost of a decent\nelectric bike was more than what Silveril would bring on resale, the\nidea was abandoned.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter considering flexibility of movement, capability of carrying\nequipment, accountability of expenses, it became evident that the best\noption was to learn to drive.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I contacted our excellent agent Paula at \u003ca href=\"https://www.westlandinsurance.ca\"\u003eWestland\nInsurance\u003c/a\u003e and told her Kyron was\ngoing to learn to drive. She was delighted and said how exciting that\nwould be, to which I replied, \u0026ldquo;Yes. Poor baby is only 34 years old!\u0026rdquo;\nWith typical efficiency she set Kyron up to drive Sapphiril.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron took the written driving test and went out with me several times.\nThough hesitant at first, he quickly gained confidence and was driving\nlike a pro within a week! It was actually quite amusing being in the car\nwith him, because he\u0026rsquo;d make snide but accurate comments about the\nimproper drivers he encountered, such as tailgaters, speeders, and lane\nignorers. He noticed practically everything and had something to say\nabout it. He even commented on his mother\u0026rsquo;s present speeding tendencies\nwhich, while no longer like the Montreal-Toronto debacle, were under\nexcruciating scrutiny! Ranjana came to me one day complaining that Kyron\nhad been hassling her for driving 5 km/hr over the speed limit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith his Learner license, Kyron could now share half the trip, so I had\nno issues letting Ranjana do most of the driving allowing me to\nmoonlight into a different profession.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron developed into a fine driver not showing any indication of having\ninherited his mother\u0026rsquo;s Autoban genes. After getting his New Driver\nlicense, Kyron was happily soloing with Sapphiril to all those\nactivities we used to have to drive him to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"i-dont-want-a-car\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;I don\u0026rsquo;t want a car\u0026rdquo; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#i-dont-want-a-car\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile Richard had been sending me possibilities for our next car, Kyron\nhad been telling me he saw no point in getting his own car. So I told\nRichard, that Kyron categorically said \u0026ldquo;No!\u0026rdquo; to getting his own car.\nNow, you must understand that this refusal was not because Kyron was\ntrying to make Sapphiril his car at all. His refusal was a pattern of\n\u0026rsquo;not wanting\u0026rsquo; that had been prevalent from his childhood. It was\nactually quite a mature attitude of non-indulgence that you can read\nabout in \u003ca href=\"/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/004-the-old-man/\"\u003eThe Old\nMan\u003c/a\u003e,\na title given to him by his nursery school teacher.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is true that we didn\u0026rsquo;t really need another car at this point, but\nwhat Kyron hadn\u0026rsquo;t taken into account was the original rationale for\ngetting Sapphiril. This car was equipped with major safety features\nand conveniences that weren\u0026rsquo;t available in Silveril. We had originally\nbought this car to facilitate Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s driving because she has severe\narthritis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana, always supporting her son, claimed with increasingly indignant\ninsistence that she could drive Silveril just fine, but Kyron knew it\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t as good for her as Sapphiril. So he changed his mind immediately\nagreeing to get his own car.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI emailed Richard and told him we wanted to see the Fiat bringing us to\nthat Saturday of November 9th when Kyron found his Fiat!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, it was not to be!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"you-cant-buy-this-car\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eYou can\u0026rsquo;t buy this car! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#you-cant-buy-this-car\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron and I went up to Duncan Dodge on Wednesday, November 13 in the\nFiat Dodge Duncan had kindly let us drive since Saturday. When we\narrived, we learned that Richard wasn\u0026rsquo;t going to be there, but Jeremy\nwould look after us and we just needed to wait for Jen to implement the\nfinancial details. I took the opportunity to thank both Sean and\nCrystal, pointing out that their service was what had convinced me to\nget the car from here.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen the surprises began.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we met with Jen, she indicated the interest payments we would have\nto make for the car. I told her that Richard had said, we could get the\ncar for no interest till February when we\u0026rsquo;d have the full amount. She\nsaid that wasn\u0026rsquo;t correct, and that dealerships don\u0026rsquo;t do financing that\nway. I found this turn of events to be peculiar, but Jen went and\nchecked with Jeremy who apparently confirmed this. She said that Richard\nmay have misunderstood the situation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI told Jen that I wasn\u0026rsquo;t thrilled by this alteration, but if that is the\nonly way for us to get the car, then, we\u0026rsquo;d pay the full amount in a\ncouple of days after I acquired the money. Jen seemed fine to go ahead\nwith things, but Jeremy suddenly appeared looking very unhappy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe began apologizing profusely then dropped a bombshell - we couldn\u0026rsquo;t\nbuy this car despite our agreement, despite the fact the trade-in for\nSilveril was already done, because, believe it or not, Duncan Dodge\ncouldn\u0026rsquo;t sell it! The car was something they were showing for their\nsister store in Nanaimo.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe said the only way we could buy a Fiat, would be to go to Nanaimo and\nbuy a similar Fiat through that store! He again apologized and said that\nhe was never informed of the situation. He would completely understand\nif we cancelled the entire deal and took back Silveril.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI thought cancellation would be best at this point.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe had another problem in that I had terminated Sapphiril\u0026rsquo;s insurance\nfor Kyron, so now he had no car to drive! Jeremy said he could extend\nthe insurance for this Fiat for a day, but no more.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat would not be sufficient given Kyron\u0026rsquo;s busy schedule, so we simply\ncancelled everything, took back Silveril, and left Duncan Dodge on good\nterms. They had treated us well, but had some internal communication\nerrors, so we didn\u0026rsquo;t think ill of them at all despite the surprises.\nBesides, we had to figure out what Kyron was going to drive within a\ncouple of hours!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo as we drove home, I told Ranjana what had happened. She immediately\ncalled Paula to see if Kyron could be reinstated on Sapphiril right\naway. Well, you can always count on Paula - we have for years! By the\ntime we got home, Paula had prepared all the necessary paperwork through\nDocusign and I was able to do almost everything online. I just had to go\nin to see her, and Kyron would be all set up again!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we arrived at Westland Insurance, Kyron received a phone call\nfrom Nanaimo Dodge. They had learned what had taken place and were\nwilling to bring the same trim Fiat to our doorstep! We thought this\nwas indeed very decent of them, but I told Kyron to just hold off so\nwe can think out things a bit. Since he could drive Sapphiril again,\nthere was no longer an urgency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs you\u0026rsquo;ll see, waiting proved to be the ultimate salvationary choice\nin the story!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"how-dark-the-cloud-behind-the-silver-lining\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow dark the cloud behind the silver lining! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-dark-the-cloud-behind-the-silver-lining\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter Kyron left for Victoria in Sapphiril, I started to think of\npossibilities. I wanted to know for instance, why there seemed to be 3\nways to buy a Fiat: through the Fiat website, through a dealership, and\nthrough the Fiat dealer in Victoria.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I phoned the latter and was greeted by someone (Heather)\nidentifying the dealership as \u003ca href=\"https://www.alfaromeovictoria.com\"\u003eAlfa Romeo\nVictoria\u003c/a\u003e. Thinking I had the wrong\nnumber, I asked if they knew how I could contact the Fiat dealership\nand was surprised to learn that they \u003cem\u003ewere\u003c/em\u003e the Fiat dealership. I was\ntransferred to one of their salespeople, Sebastian (aka Seba).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI asked him several questions and each answer impressed me with its\nprecision and detail. Never did I sense any attempt to do a \u0026lsquo;sales\npitch\u0026rsquo;, for here was someone who had such confidence in his product and\nservice, that such gymnastics were unnecessary and undesirable! I told\nhim how it came about that I had called his dealership, providing a\nbrief history. I emphasized that I had nothing bad to say about Duncan\nDodge and that we really had been treated very well by those nice people\ndespite the eventual outcome.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeba then obliquely gave me some very sound wisdom. He said they may be\nnice, but they need to know their product. That really struck home,\nbecause I realized at that moment that not only did Duncan Dodge not\nknow they couldn\u0026rsquo;t sell us the car, but on more than one occasion, Kyron\ntold them something they didn\u0026rsquo;t know about their own Fiat!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was much worse than that though.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeba was about to walk me through EV101, but I told him we\u0026rsquo;d been\ndriving EVs for six years. He was quite pleased and said I must know\nabout the government grants then. I said we did, and that we\u0026rsquo;d get a\n$5000 federal grant, and that, we were told Kyron could apply for the\n$4000 provincial grant after we\u0026rsquo;d bought the Fiat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeba was a bit shocked and told me, \u0026ldquo;No! You must apply first and then\nafter the application comes through, then you buy the car!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was more than a bit shocked!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHad the sale completed at Duncan Dodge or had we followed through on\nNanaimo Dodge\u0026rsquo;s offer, we would have lost the $4000 grant!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt became clear that some Fiat Angel had been looking out for us all\nthis time! The silver lining was that the failed deal led us to Alfa\nRomeo, but the cloud behind it was far more morbid than we had\nrealized!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI assured Seba that we weren\u0026rsquo;t going to buy anything till we had a\nchance to meet with him!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"step-into-a-new-world\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStep into a New World! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#step-into-a-new-world\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeba, Kyron, and I exchanged some emails that evening and in one of them\nKyron outlined the entire deal Duncan Dodge was offering for the Fiat\nand the Silveril trade-in. We arranged to go to the dealership the very\nnext day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we arrived on Thursday morning, November 14th, in Sapphiril\n(Silveril needed charging), we learned that Seba couldn\u0026rsquo;t be there due\nto a doctor\u0026rsquo;s appointment and were greeted by the salesmanager, Pietro.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter the first few minutes with him, it became clear to us that we were\nat a high-end dealership. They were high-end, not because they sold\nexpensive exotic cars (the Fiat is actually the least expensive EV on\nthe market!), but because their level of service rose right to the top!\nThey weren\u0026rsquo;t trying to sell us a car, they were doing their best to make\nsure we got the car that was right for us and in the right way!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is how business really should be done by both sides. No haggling,\nno nickel and dime thumb twisting, where you may gain a few dollars, but\nat the loss of integrity of both parties. With them, we work together to\nachieve a mutually desirable state.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron told Pietro that we would get the car from them and that the\nSilveril trade-in had no bearing on the sale. If we got a decent price\non the trade-in, we\u0026rsquo;d accept. Otherwise, we\u0026rsquo;d give Silveril to\ncharity. Pietro said he appreciated Kyron\u0026rsquo;s transparency, but thought\nhe could give us a better deal than Duncan Dodge. Furthermore, he\nencouraged us to take advantage of their $0 interest over 3 years\nfinancing (completely contradicting what we had been told by Duncan\nDodge)! He\u0026rsquo;d have to see Silveril first of course. We drove back to\nShawnigan Lake so I could bring the car down that afternoon.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePietro checked it out, test drove it, sat down to scribble numbers on a\npiece of paper, then showed me the results. I asked how he had come up\nwith the very interesting $3173 trade-in value. What he had done was\ntaken the Duncan Dodge offer and added the finance charge to it, so we\u0026rsquo;d\nbe covered even for that! True to his word, he did $600 better in total\nthan what we\u0026rsquo;d been offered before.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor the financing, he introduced me to Alex, who would do the honors\nincluding the Silveril transfer on Saturday, November 16th when\neverything would be ready. Finally, Pietro said, \u0026ldquo;Welcome to the\nfamily!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePietro was willing to send me home in a cab, but I felt that kindness\nwould be too much since a trip from Victoria to Shawnigan Lake was over\n$100. So he charged up Silveril for me so I would have no concerns\ngetting home.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile we waited we had a long chat about various topics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI told him that Kyron had named the car Scuro, and he was surprised\nthat an Italian name had been chosen. I explained that my son was a\nvocal and diction instructor at the University of Victoria and the\nVictoria Conservatory of Music, so he was familiar with various\nlanguages. In fact, he thought Pietro had a very fine singing voice!\nPietro was pleased by the assessment, but thought his Italian accent\nwas too heavy. I said singers often try to develop the correct\ninflections when singing in other languages, and that he therefore had\na headstart!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI learned that he had done work at the University of Calabria in\nhospitality and told him it showed!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe had somehow surmised that I was a teacher and we talked about my\nbackground. We also covered areas such as diet, health, and awareness.\nIt was really quite a delightful conversation and indeed, I felt\nwelcomed to this Alfa Romeo family!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the charging was done for Silveril, Pietro jokingly said, \u0026ldquo;Be\ncareful with the car, because it\u0026rsquo;s my car now.\u0026rdquo; I said he had nothing to\nworry about because I really was a very conscientious driver. He seemed\nreassured, till I mentioned that Ranjana was less inclined to be so,\nrelating the Montreal-Toronto cataclysm. Then I removed my hood and\nafter he recovered from the reflective radiance emanating from my head,\nI said, \u0026ldquo;Did you know that before I met my wife, I had a full head of\nhair?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNoting the look of deep consternation that had suddenly come over his\nface, I allayed his fears, telling him that Ranjana rarely drove\nSilveril, causing Pietro to burst into the uncontrollable laughter of\nrelief, still squinting from the glare.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"finally-home\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinally Home \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#finally-home\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn Saturday, November 16, Kyron and I drove down in Sapphiril to pick up\nScuro, and were greeted by Seba, accompanied by his assistant in\ntraining, Matthew.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen the surprises began.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut different ones this time!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeba told us that since we had an unfortunate experience earlier, they\nhad prepared something special. We followed him to a showroom and found\nScuro meticulously gift-wrapped for us.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"./scuro1.jpg\" alt=\"./scuro1.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eScuro Gift Wrapped Backview\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"./scuro2.jpg\" alt=\"./scuro2.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eScuro Gift Wrapped Frontview\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Matthew and Seba unwrapped Scuro!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/CyzLUS_hMLo?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e(See the \u003ca href=\"/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/alfa-romeo-victoria/\"\u003eAlfa Romeo Victoria page\u003c/a\u003e in our businesses section\nfor kudos to this superb dealership.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have never encountered a gesture such as this!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron went through the first-delivery as Seba explained various points\nto him. Their second-delivery would take place at a later date after\nKyron had a chance to drive the car for a while. Seba also assured us\nthat anytime we had any questions about Scuro, they would be there for\nus. They certainly do honor to the family concept!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Alex showed up to handle all the finance paperwork which included\nvarious protective packages we could add on, all covered within the 3\nyear, no interest loan! He went over all the details, answering our\nquestions with careful thoroughness. I was quite amazed by his smooth\nhandling of a massive number of forms! When we did the insurance with an\noutside agent (Emily), he was there to make sure there was no unnecessary\nduplication of benefits!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlex showed the same level of thoughtfulness and consideration that Seba\nand Pietro had earlier! It was quite evident that we had acquired much\nmore than a car!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, everything was done and there was nothing left but for Kyron to\ndrive away in Scuro. Pietro appeared at that moment and with a\nmischievous smile told us, \u0026ldquo;This time you get to keep the car!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd so we did!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Alfa Romeo Victoria", "date_published": "2024-11-17T14:13:41-08:00", "date_modified": "2024-11-17T14:13:41-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/alfa-romeo-victoria/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/alfa-romeo-victoria/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.alfaromeovictoria.com\"\u003eAlfa Romeo Victoria\u003c/a\u003e is the most\noutstanding auto dealership that we have ever gone to! Their level of\nservice is beyond anything we have experienced over many decades!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn November 16, 2024, Kyron bought his first car, a Fiat500e from this\ndealership located at\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e737 Summit Avenue\u003cbr\u003e\nVictoria, BC\u003cbr\u003e\n250-590-2888\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe relate our experience below and demonstrate why we think this\ndealership is the best!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor the full story behind getting this car, \u003ca href=\"/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/scuro/\"\u003eclick here\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(All photos are taken by Kyron unless otherwise stated.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-people\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe People \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-people\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can find out more about the fine individuals listed below by going to their \u003ca href=\"https://www.alfaromeovictoria.com/team/\"\u003eMeet Our Team page\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlex\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./alex.jpg\" alt=\"./alex.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSebastian (Gold Award Winner 2025!)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./seba.jpg\" alt=\"./seba.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePietro the exceptional salesmanager,\u003cbr\u003e\nHeather sales administrator,\u003cbr\u003e\nMatthew a problem-solver,\u003cbr\u003e\nBen, Michelle in service department.\u003cbr\u003e\nAndrew, parts manager.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePics not available for all till Kyron takes photos.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"our-google-reviews\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOur Google Reviews \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#our-google-reviews\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReview by Ranjana:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe people in this dealership are thoughtful, respectful, thorough and\ncompetent. I came to see a used EV that we thought might meet my\nspecific needs for safety at an affordable price. Sebastian greeted me\nand introduced me to Alex who also welcomed me warmly. Sebastian then\nthoughtfully provided the information I needed to make my decision. He\nwalked through the car\u0026rsquo;s history and then showed me the car, closely\nexamining its exterior and interior with me, before taking us on a\ntest drive. He drove the car first which familiarized me with the\ncar\u0026rsquo;s systems thus making my test drive more effective . Afterwards,\nSebastian efficiently examined my car to assess its trade-in value\nshould I wish to purchase their car. Indeed, I did! In fact, they are\nso well organized that we were able to purchase the car and drive it\naway that same afternoon. Alex made the complex paperwork process easy\nfor us. I love our car and am grateful for this dealership\u0026rsquo;s\ncommitment to excellence and the care they provided us.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReview by Kyron:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA fabulous team! Thank you to Sebastian, Alex, Pietro, and Matthew at\nAlfa Romeo of Victoria for a wonderful experience buying a 2024 Fiat\n500e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy father and I had almost just bought the same model through another\ndealership. They had let me drive the car for a few days and I was\nexpecting to complete the purchase. However, just as we were about to\nsign the paperwork, the dealership learned that they were not actually\nable to sell the car as it technically belonged to their sister store!\nLeft somewhat perplexed by the whole ordeal, we made contact with\nSebastian at Alfa Romeo to get a fresh perspective. We were\nimmediately impressed and resolved to visit the dealership the next\nday. Though Sebastian was away, he referred us to Pietro.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePietro was extremely knowledgeable, transparent, and gracious. He,\nalong with Alex, explained everything we needed to know up front, from\ndetails about the vehicle to financing and securing the federal and\nprovincial rebates for new EV purchases. Indeed, had we bought the car\nfrom the previous dealership, we would have missed out on the\nprovincial rebate since neither I nor the other dealership understood\nthe application process correctly. Pietro even evaluated our 2013 Leaf\non the same day and offered us an excellent trade-in deal. We decided\nthen and there to purchase our car through Alfa Romeo.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we returned a couple of days later to pick up the car, we were\ndelighted to formally meet Sebastian. He, along with a trainee,\nMatthew, made the entire delivery process exceptional. See the\naccompanying images and video! Sebastian then took us to see Alex to\ncomplete all of the paperwork. Alex went through it all very\nthoroughly with us, explaining all of the various forms and options\nthat were available and answering our questions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;This time, you get to keep the car. I promise!\u0026rdquo; Pietro said with a\nlaugh as we were set to depart in our new Fiat. Thank you to the whole\nteam at Alfa Romeo for an outstanding buying experience. Next time we\nare looking for a new car, we know where to go.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHighly recommended!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReview by Prad:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Dealership in a League of Its Own!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom the moment I made contact with Sebastian at Alfa Romeo Victoria,\nit became clear that this is a dealership of a totally different\ncaliber than what we have ever encountered!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSebastian told me everything I needed to know about the Fiat 500e we\nwere looking to purchase including the EV grant mechanism! His\nenthusiasm and unparalleled knowledge inspired confidence, while his\npatient demeanor let me know his interest was solely to make sure I\ngot the right car!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe next day, my son and I met with the sales manager, Pietro, who\nshowed the same consideration in working out an optimal deal on the\ntrade-in for our 2013 Nissan Leaf. He recommended we take advantage of\nthe $0 interest for 3 years loan and even worked the finance charge\ninto the trade-in value! Working with Pietro was as straightforward\nand honest an experience as anyone could want!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, Alex took care of the finance arrangements as well as the\nsupporting packages we could choose for the car. His ability to manage\nthe seemingly endless quantity of forms was superhuman! He also made\nsure that there was no unnecessary duplication of coverage when it\ncame time to get our ICBC insurance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we went to pick up our Fiat 500e, Sebastian and his assistant\nMatthew told us they had prepared something special (since we had some\npast issues at another dealership). They had gift wrapped the car! It\nwas a most kind gesture and made you forget you were actually at a car\ndealership!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo when they say, \u0026ldquo;Welcome to our family!\u0026rdquo; they really do mean it!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"scuro\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eScuro \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#scuro\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron named the car Scuro due to its darkness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"./scuro-wet.jpg\" alt=\"./scuro-wet.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eScuro in Rain\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSebastian and Matthew had prepared a special surprise when we came to\npick up Scuro on Saturday, November 16, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"./scuro1.jpg\" alt=\"./scuro1.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eScuro Gift Wrapped Backview\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"./scuro2.jpg\" alt=\"./scuro2.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eScuro Gift Wrapped Frontview\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSebastian and Matthew then proceeded to unwrap Scuro.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/CyzLUS_hMLo?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eFinally here is a picture from inside Scuro quite settled at home viewing the scenery.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"./scuro-dash.jpg\" alt=\"./scuro-dash.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eScuro Dash\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"stjarnatt\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStjarnatt \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#stjarnatt\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe were so happy with getting Scuro from Alfa Romeo Victoria that we\nbought another car within a month! This one was a black 2022 Polestar\nthat we named Stjarnatt from the Swedish stjarna (star) and natt\n(night). Some of you may know that Polestar is a Swedish manufacturer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeedless to say, the Alfa Romeo crew, once again prepared the car so\nit was in showroom condition!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"./stjarnatt.jpg\" alt=\"./stjarnatt.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eStjarnatt Relaxing\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStjarnatt comes equipped with an impressive list of features, but the\nmost interesting one Prad has found is this car\u0026rsquo;s ability to\nanticipate what he wants to do while driving!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"./stjarnatt-dash.jpg\" alt=\"./stjarnatt-dash.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eStjarnatt ready for takeoff\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAway we go into the starry night!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"./to-asgard.png\" alt=\"./to-asgard.png\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eTo Asgard!\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(The background for the above image was created by Kyron around 2005. Prad took this pic of\nStjarnatt driving it with the help of some AI and the Krita image\nediting software, right into space.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"transformations\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTransformations \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#transformations\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDue to the excellence of Scuro and Stjarnatt, and the superb service of\nthis dealership, we find our attitudes have undergone major changes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrad, for instance, has rarely liked driving, but has gained a new\nenthusiasm for it as a result of these cars, while Ranjana is keen to\nshow Stjarnatt to her friends when she is not busy admiring the car\nherself!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron, who is not nationally known for his tidiness, has become the\nDetermined Debris Dismantler, rivalling the original Mr. Clean! He has\narmed himself with a new set of tools including vacuum, blower, power\nsprayer, and brush, for the purpose of meticulously maintaining both\ncars in immaculate condition. He has also added a new aspect to his\nphotography portfolio by taking the stunning pics you see on this page!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"./dark-duo.jpg\" alt=\"./dark-duo.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eDark Dynamic Duo\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"loyalty\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLoyalty \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#loyalty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur experience with Alfa Romeo Victoria, the wonderful people we have\nmet there, and their high level of service has convinced us that this is\nthe place we will go to for our auto requirements! As far as we are\nconcerned, if Alfa Romeo doesn\u0026rsquo;t have the car we want, we don\u0026rsquo;t need\nthat car!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUPDATE (2025-12-17): The ceramic coating for Stjarnatt failed (cause unknown) in less than a year. Alex said he would look after us and he did! The coating was reinstalled free of any charge!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe urge you to go to them too for you will not be disappointed!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd don\u0026rsquo;t make excuses like \u0026ldquo;But Prad, I live in Japan!\u0026rdquo; Just take a\nferry - Alfa Romeo Victoria is worth it!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Why Music Is Memorable", "date_published": "2024-11-02T00:44:29-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-11-02T00:44:29-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/music/why-music-is-memorable/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/music/why-music-is-memorable/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is a summary of the Time article \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/6167197/psychology-behind-remembering-music/?position=1\u0026amp;utm_source=pocket_shared\"\u003eWhy We Remember Music and Forget Everything Else\u003c/a\u003e followed by some discussion and insights.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExported on 02/11/2024 at 01:01:16 \u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai/search/why-music-is-memorable-yEKq7zzRTEGGhN6UQuSeNw\"\u003efrom Perplexity.ai\u003c/a\u003e - with \u003ca href=\"https://save.hugocollin.com\"\u003eSaveMyChatbot\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSummarize \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/6167197/psychology-behind-remembering-music/?position=1\u0026amp;utm_source=pocket_shared\"\u003eWhy We Remember Music and Forget Everything Else\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe article from Time explores the psychology behind why music is memorable. It discusses several key factors that contribute to our ability to remember songs:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEmotional Connection\u003c/strong\u003e: Music often evokes strong emotions, which can enhance memory retention. Songs associated with personal experiences or significant moments tend to stick in our minds.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRepetition and Familiarity\u003c/strong\u003e: Repeated exposure to a song increases familiarity, making it easier to recall. This is why catchy tunes often become ingrained in our memory.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMelody and Rhythm\u003c/strong\u003e: The structure of music, including its melody and rhythm, plays a crucial role in memory. Simple melodies and rhythmic patterns are easier to remember.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCues and Context\u003c/strong\u003e: Contextual cues, such as the environment where a song was heard or specific lyrics, can trigger memories associated with that music.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, the interplay of emotional engagement, repetition, musical structure, and contextual cues significantly influences how we remember music.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://time.com/6167197/psychology-behind-remembering-music/?position=1\u0026amp;utm_source=pocket_shared\"\u003e(1) Why We Remember Music and Forget Everything Else\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhat other research is there to support this article about why music is memorable?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is substantial research supporting the findings in the article about why music is memorable. Here are some key points from other studies that corroborate and expand on the ideas presented:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"emotional-connection-and-memory\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEmotional Connection and Memory \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#emotional-connection-and-memory\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMultiple studies confirm that the emotional impact of music plays a crucial role in making it memorable:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrain imaging studies show that our favorite songs stimulate the brain\u0026rsquo;s pleasure circuit, releasing dopamine, serotonin, and other neurochemicals that make us feel good \u003ca href=\"https://slate.com/technology/2014/08/musical-nostalgia-the-psychology-and-neuroscience-for-song-preference-and-the-reminiscence-bump.html\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e. This emotional response enhances memory formation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResearch has demonstrated that emotions enhance memory processes, and since music evokes strong emotions, it is likely involved in forming memories about both the music itself and episodes associated with particular music \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2776393/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA study published in PLOS One found that musical pieces rated as very positive were recognized significantly better than those rated as less positive, indicating that emotional valence is strongly related to musical memory \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2776393/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"the-reminiscence-bump-and-autobiographical-memory\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Reminiscence Bump and Autobiographical Memory \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-reminiscence-bump-and-autobiographical-memory\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe article\u0026rsquo;s mention of music from our youth being particularly memorable is supported by other research:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;reminiscence bump\u0026rdquo; theory suggests that memories from our teens and early 20s dominate our life narrative and are remembered more vividly \u003ca href=\"https://slate.com/technology/2014/08/musical-nostalgia-the-psychology-and-neuroscience-for-song-preference-and-the-reminiscence-bump.html\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e. Music from this period often forms the soundtrack to what feel like the most vital years of our lives.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA study found that on average, 30% of presented songs evoked autobiographical memories, with most songs also evoking strong, mainly positive emotions like nostalgia \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2776393/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"repetition-and-familiarity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRepetition and Familiarity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#repetition-and-familiarity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe article touches on the importance of repetition, which is supported by other findings:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResearch shows that as a song becomes more familiar through repeated exposure, it is rated higher in emotional intensity and valence \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0251692\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe frequency of exposure to music in everyday life contributes to our ability to remember it, as we often listen to favorite songs multiple times, unlike other media \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/6167197/psychology-behind-remembering-music/\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"neurological-aspects\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNeurological Aspects \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#neurological-aspects\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditional research provides insights into the neurological basis for music\u0026rsquo;s memorability:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStudies have shown that imagining music activates similar brain regions as actually listening to music, explaining why we can vividly recall songs in our minds \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/6167197/psychology-behind-remembering-music/\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eListening to music is accompanied by increased brain activation within a distributed network comprising many brain areas and the peripheral nervous system \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2776393/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"long-term-memory-and-consolidation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLong-Term Memory and Consolidation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#long-term-memory-and-consolidation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResearch supports the idea that music memory benefits from consolidation over time:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA study found that musical excerpts were better recognized after a long delay than after a short delay, suggesting that memory consolidation for musical information takes place during longer intervals \u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02110/full\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe emotional enhancement of memory for music appears to depend on valence, with positive and negative stimuli being differently affected by the duration of the study-test delay interval \u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02110/full\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese findings from various studies provide strong support for the article\u0026rsquo;s claims about why music is memorable, highlighting the interplay between emotion, repetition, autobiographical significance, and neurological processes in creating lasting musical memories.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0251692\"\u003e(1) What makes music memorable? Relationships between acoustic \u0026hellip;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://slate.com/technology/2014/08/musical-nostalgia-the-psychology-and-neuroscience-for-song-preference-and-the-reminiscence-bump.html\"\u003e(2) Neural Nostalgia\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/news/podcasts/speaking-of-psychology/music-connection\"\u003e(3) How music, memory, and emotion are connected\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2776393/\"\u003e(4) Music, memory and emotion - PMC - PubMed Central\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/08/240828224256.htm\"\u003e(5) Neuroscientists explore the intersection of music and memory\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://time.com/6167197/psychology-behind-remembering-music/\"\u003e(6) Why We Remember Music and Forget Everything Else | TIME\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02110/full\"\u003e(7) The Impact of Emotion on Musical Long-Term Memory - Frontiers\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei find that though i can see images in my mind, i often have trouble focusing on them. on the other hand, i have no difficulty hearing \u0026lsquo;images\u0026rsquo; and focusing on these. i find this interesting because i tend to be a visual learner (like most people), yet when it comes to \u0026lsquo;image-gination\u0026rsquo; i am more auditory in my mind. what do you make of this?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour observation about your mental imagery abilities is intriguing and highlights the complex nature of cognitive processes and learning styles. Let\u0026rsquo;s explore this phenomenon and its potential implications:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"visual-vs-auditory-imagery\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eVisual vs. Auditory Imagery \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#visual-vs-auditory-imagery\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour experience of having difficulty focusing on visual images while easily maintaining auditory \u0026ldquo;images\u0026rdquo; in your mind is not uncommon. This difference in imagery vividness and control between sensory modalities can vary significantly among individuals. \u003cstrong\u003eVisual Imagery\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome people report very vivid and controllable visual mental images, while others (like yourself) may find them fleeting or difficult to focus on.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn extreme cases, some individuals experience aphantasia, a condition where they cannot form mental images at all.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuditory Imagery\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAuditory imagery, or the ability to \u0026ldquo;hear\u0026rdquo; sounds in your mind, can be quite vivid for many people.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYour strong auditory imagery might be related to factors such as musical training, language skills, or simply individual differences in cognitive processing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"learning-styles-and-mental-imagery\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLearning Styles and Mental Imagery \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#learning-styles-and-mental-imagery\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe relationship between learning styles and mental imagery is complex and not always straightforward:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVisual Learning\u003c/strong\u003e: While you identify as a visual learner, this doesn\u0026rsquo;t necessarily mean you\u0026rsquo;ll have strong visual imagery. Visual learning can involve other skills like understanding diagrams, charts, or written information.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eModality Strength\u003c/strong\u003e: Your strong auditory imagery suggests that you might benefit from incorporating more auditory elements in your learning strategies, even if you generally prefer visual information.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCognitive Flexibility\u003c/strong\u003e: Your experience demonstrates that individuals can have different strengths across various cognitive domains, which can be advantageous for adapting to different learning situations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"potential-explanations\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePotential Explanations \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#potential-explanations\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeveral factors might contribute to your experience:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCognitive Resource Allocation\u003c/strong\u003e: Your brain might allocate more resources to auditory processing and imagery, possibly due to past experiences or natural predisposition.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAttentional Differences\u003c/strong\u003e: You may have developed stronger attentional control for auditory information compared to visual information.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNeural Connectivity\u003c/strong\u003e: There could be differences in the neural pathways and connections related to visual and auditory processing in your brain.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePractice Effects\u003c/strong\u003e: If you engage more frequently in activities that involve auditory imagery (e.g., music, language learning), this could strengthen those neural pathways.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"implications-for-learning-and-cognition\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eImplications for Learning and Cognition \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#implications-for-learning-and-cognition\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding your cognitive strengths can help you optimize your learning and problem-solving strategies:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMultimodal Learning\u003c/strong\u003e: Combining visual learning materials with auditory elements (e.g., verbal explanations, discussions, or self-talk) might enhance your overall comprehension and retention.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMnemonic Techniques\u003c/strong\u003e: You might benefit from mnemonic devices that incorporate auditory elements, such as creating rhymes or songs to remember information.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMetacognition\u003c/strong\u003e: Being aware of your cognitive strengths allows you to adapt your study techniques and problem-solving approaches accordingly.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCognitive Training\u003c/strong\u003e: If you wish to improve your visual imagery skills, specific exercises and practices might help strengthen this ability over time.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn conclusion, your experience underscores the individuality of cognitive processes and the importance of understanding one\u0026rsquo;s own mental strengths and preferences. It also highlights the potential disconnect between preferred learning styles and specific cognitive abilities, suggesting that a flexible, multimodal approach to learning and problem-solving might be most beneficial.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0251692\"\u003e(1) What makes music memorable? Relationships between acoustic \u0026hellip;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://slate.com/technology/2014/08/musical-nostalgia-the-psychology-and-neuroscience-for-song-preference-and-the-reminiscence-bump.html\"\u003e(2) Neural Nostalgia\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/news/podcasts/speaking-of-psychology/music-connection\"\u003e(3) How music, memory, and emotion are connected\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2776393/\"\u003e(4) Music, memory and emotion - PMC - PubMed Central\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/08/240828224256.htm\"\u003e(5) Neuroscientists explore the intersection of music and memory\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://time.com/6167197/psychology-behind-remembering-music/\"\u003e(6) Why We Remember Music and Forget Everything Else | TIME\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02110/full\"\u003e(7) The Impact of Emotion on Musical Long-Term Memory - Frontiers\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "Vegan Wins Brazilian Mr Olympia", "date_published": "2024-10-31T23:37:16-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-10-31T23:37:16-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/health/vegan-wins-brazilian-mr-olympia/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/health/vegan-wins-brazilian-mr-olympia/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePerplexity: Brazilian bodybuilder Guilherme Abomai has made history by becoming the first vegan athlete to win the super heavyweight title at Mr. Olympia Brazil.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExported on 31/10/2024 at 23:42:05 \u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai/search/vegan-wins-brazilian-mr-olympi-Q3LlbkgAS2SzpiwOgQCfKg\"\u003efrom Perplexity.ai\u003c/a\u003e - with \u003ca href=\"https://save.hugocollin.com\"\u003eSaveMyChatbot\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSummarize \u003ca href=\"https://plantbasednews.org/culture/sport/vegan-wins-brazilian-bodybuilding-competition/\"\u003eVegan Wins Brazilian Mr Olympia\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGuilherme Abomai Wins Mr. Olympia Brazil\u003c/strong\u003e: Brazilian bodybuilder Guilherme Abomai has made history by becoming the first vegan athlete to win the super heavyweight title at Mr. Olympia Brazil, competing in the 102kg category. His victory grants him a \u0026ldquo;Pro Card,\u0026rdquo; allowing him to compete at a professional level and access more events and sponsorships \u003ca href=\"https://plantbasednews.org/culture/sport/vegan-wins-brazilian-bodybuilding-competition/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDietary Shift\u003c/strong\u003e: Abomai adopted a vegan diet three years ago due to digestive issues, replacing traditional bodybuilding foods with tofu, fruits, oats, rice, and protein powder. He credits this diet for improving his health after years of discomfort \u003ca href=\"https://plantbasednews.org/culture/sport/vegan-wins-brazilian-bodybuilding-competition/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVeganism in Sports\u003c/strong\u003e: This month also saw significant achievements for vegan athletes, including the Vegan Strong Plantbuilt team winning 55 medals at the Mr. America 2024 Sports Festival and Maddie McConnell winning the Figure Division at the OCB World Championship Yorton Cup \u003ca href=\"https://plantbasednews.org/culture/sport/vegan-wins-brazilian-bodybuilding-competition/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://plantbasednews.org/culture/sport/vegan-wins-brazilian-bodybuilding-competition/\"\u003e(1) Vegan Wins Brazilian Mr Olympia Bodybuilding Competition\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow does Abomai\u0026rsquo;s victory influence the perception of veganism in sports\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGuilherme Abomai\u0026rsquo;s victory in the Mr. Olympia Brazil bodybuilding competition as a vegan athlete has several implications for the perception of veganism in sports:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"breaking-stereotypes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBreaking Stereotypes \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#breaking-stereotypes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbomai\u0026rsquo;s win challenges the traditional notion that bodybuilders and athletes need animal-based diets to achieve optimal muscle mass and performance. His success demonstrates that a well-planned vegan diet can be sufficient for high-level athletic achievement, particularly in bodybuilding \u003ca href=\"https://plantbasednews.org/culture/sport/vegan-wins-brazilian-bodybuilding-competition/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"increased-visibility\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIncreased Visibility \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#increased-visibility\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe achievement of Abomai, along with other recent victories by vegan athletes such as the Vegan Strong Plantbuilt team and Maddie McConnell, increases the visibility of veganism in sports. This visibility can inspire more athletes to consider a plant-based diet, dispelling myths that vegan diets are inadequate for athletic performance \u003ca href=\"https://plantbasednews.org/culture/sport/vegan-wins-brazilian-bodybuilding-competition/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"health-benefits\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHealth Benefits \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#health-benefits\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbomai\u0026rsquo;s personal experience of improving his health through a vegan diet, including resolving digestive issues and reducing the need for stomach medication, highlights the potential health benefits of a plant-based diet for athletes. This can encourage more athletes to explore veganism for both performance and health reasons \u003ca href=\"https://plantbasednews.org/culture/sport/vegan-wins-brazilian-bodybuilding-competition/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"nutritional-validation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNutritional Validation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#nutritional-validation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile there is no conclusive evidence that vegan diets are superior for athletic performance, studies suggest that a well-planned vegan diet can provide all the necessary nutrients without impairing athletic goals. Abomai\u0026rsquo;s diet, which includes tofu, fruits, oats, rice, and protein powder, exemplifies how a balanced vegan diet can support athletic performance \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10334161/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8623732/\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"cultural-and-social-impact\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCultural and Social Impact \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cultural-and-social-impact\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe success of vegan athletes like Abomai contributes to a broader cultural shift towards plant-based diets. It reinforces the message that veganism is a viable and healthy choice, not just for general health but also for high-performance athletics. This can influence public perception and encourage more people to adopt plant-based lifestyles \u003ca href=\"https://plantbasednews.org/culture/sport/vegan-wins-brazilian-bodybuilding-competition/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://andytherd.com/2019/11/07/my-thoughts-on-the-game-changers-netflix/\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e. In summary, Abomai\u0026rsquo;s victory is a significant milestone in challenging traditional dietary norms in sports and promoting the viability and benefits of veganism for athletes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://plantbasednews.org/culture/sport/vegan-wins-brazilian-bodybuilding-competition/\"\u003e(1) Vegan Wins Brazilian Mr Olympia Bodybuilding Competition\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10334161/\"\u003e(2) Nutritional Considerations for the Vegan Athlete - PMC\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://andytherd.com/2019/11/07/my-thoughts-on-the-game-changers-netflix/\"\u003e(3) The Game Changers: Are Vegan Athletes Superior? - Andy The RD\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/vegan/comments/1d2ao3v/how_has_adopting_a_vegan_diet_impacted_the/\"\u003e(4) How has adopting a vegan diet impacted the performance \u0026hellip; - Reddit\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8623732/\"\u003e(5) The Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Physical Performance and \u0026hellip;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2017/jul/29/veganism-forest-green-rovers-sports-performance\"\u003e(6) A vegan diet helps them win ā€“ but are sports stars committed to the cause?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/aug/09/vegan-corrupt-food-system-meat-dairy\"\u003e(7) I\u0026rsquo;ve converted to veganism to reduce my impact on the living world\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e(8) What Happens When Athletes Go VEGAN\u0026hellip; (Do Olympians \u0026hellip; - YouTube\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAre there any notable vegan athletes in other sports besides bodybuilding\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes, there are numerous notable vegan athletes across a wide range of sports, demonstrating that a plant-based diet can support high-level performance in various athletic disciplines. Here are some examples:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"tennis\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTennis \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tennis\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNovak Djokovic\u003c/strong\u003e: A multiple-time Wimbledon champion and current world number one, Djokovic follows a plant-based diet for both performance and ethical reasons \u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.veganfoodandliving.com/features/vegan-athletes-plant-based-diet/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://vegnews.com/vegan-athletes-top-of-their-game\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVenus Williams\u003c/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eSerena Williams\u003c/strong\u003e: Both tennis icons have adopted vegan diets, with Venus being a long-time vegan and Serena primarily following a vegan diet during her training phases \u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://vegnews.com/vegan-athletes-top-of-their-game\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"formula-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFormula 1 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#formula-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLewis Hamilton\u003c/strong\u003e: The racing driver switched to a plant-based diet in 2017 and credits it as one of the factors behind his success on the track \u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://vegnews.com/vegan-athletes-top-of-their-game\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"soccer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSoccer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#soccer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHĆ©ctor BellerĆ­n\u003c/strong\u003e: The Arsenal defender has seen improvements in his recovery time and overall performance since adopting a plant-based diet \u003ca href=\"https://www.veganfoodandliving.com/features/vegan-athletes-plant-based-diet/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTimo Hildebrand\u003c/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eBenedikt Hƶwedes\u003c/strong\u003e: Both soccer players are on plant-based diets, challenging the traditional notion that soccer players need animal-based diets for strength and endurance \u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"track--field\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTrack \u0026amp; Field \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#track--field\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCarl Lewis\u003c/strong\u003e: A nine-time Olympic gold medal winner, Lewis has been on a purely plant-based diet since 1990 and attributes his continued top performances to this lifestyle \u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"running\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRunning \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#running\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFiona Oakes\u003c/strong\u003e: A long-distance runner, Oakes has completed numerous marathons and ultra-marathons on a vegan diet \u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDotsie Bausch\u003c/strong\u003e: An American Olympic silver medalist and speed cyclist, Bausch found that a plant-based diet improved her breathing and overall performance \u003ca href=\"https://www.veganfoodandliving.com/features/vegan-athletes-plant-based-diet/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"basketball\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBasketball \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#basketball\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDirk Nowitzki\u003c/strong\u003e: The former German professional basketball player adopted a vegan lifestyle after his career, citing health and animal welfare reasons \u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChris Paul\u003c/strong\u003e: An NBA star, Paul has been vegan since 2019 and credits the diet with helping him recover swiftly and maintain his physical condition \u003ca href=\"https://vegnews.com/vegan-athletes-top-of-their-game\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"boxing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBoxing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#boxing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLawrence Okolie\u003c/strong\u003e: A professional boxer, Okolie is a vegan athlete who has achieved significant success in his sport \u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"cricket\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCricket \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cricket\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKane Richardson\u003c/strong\u003e: An Australian cricketer, Richardson adopted a vegan diet primarily for animal welfare reasons and has noticed no negative impact on his performance \u003ca href=\"https://www.veganfoodandliving.com/features/vegan-athletes-plant-based-diet/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"rugby\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRugby \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rugby\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJohanna Jahnke\u003c/strong\u003e: A German rugby player and cyclist, Jahnke has been on a plant-based diet since she was 17 and has achieved success in both sports \u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"weightlifting\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWeightlifting \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#weightlifting\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKendrick Farris\u003c/strong\u003e: A weightlifter, Farris has been vegan since 2014 and broke a former world record at the Olympic qualifiers two years after changing his diet \u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"mma-and-strongman\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMMA and Strongman \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#mma-and-strongman\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAndreas Kraniotakes\u003c/strong\u003e: An MMA fighter, Kraniotakes feels better and recovers faster on a plant-based diet \u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePatrik Baboumian\u003c/strong\u003e: A retired strongman and bodybuilder, Baboumian is a dedicated vegan and animal-rights activist \u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://vegnews.com/vegan-athletes-top-of-their-game\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese athletes demonstrate that a well-planned vegan diet can support high-level performance across a variety of sports, challenging traditional dietary norms and stereotypes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e(1) Vegan Athletes: 15 Top Athletes on a Plant-Based Diet - ISPO.com\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.veganfoodandliving.com/features/vegan-athletes-plant-based-diet/\"\u003e(2) 20 vegan athletes whose success is fuelled by a plant-based diet\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://plantbasednews.org/culture/sport/vegan-wins-brazilian-bodybuilding-competition/\"\u003e(3) Vegan Wins Brazilian Mr Olympia Bodybuilding Competition\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://vegnews.com/vegan-athletes-top-of-their-game\"\u003e(4) These 12 Athletes Are at the Top of Their Game Without Eating Meat\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nomeatathlete.com/vegetarian-diet-athletes/\"\u003e(5) The Plant Based Diet for Athletes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://grist.org/arts-culture/meet-the-jacked-vegan-strength-athletes-defying-stereotypes/\"\u003e(6) Meet the jacked vegan strength athletes defying stereotypes - Grist\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/vegan/comments/1d2ao3v/how_has_adopting_a_vegan_diet_impacted_the/\"\u003e(7) How has adopting a vegan diet impacted the performance of professional athletes?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10334161/\"\u003e(8) Nutritional Considerations for the Vegan Athlete\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow has a plant-based diet influenced the performance of vegan athletes in high-intensity sports\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA plant-based diet has been shown to have several positive influences on the performance of vegan athletes in high-intensity sports, backed by various studies and athlete testimonials.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"energy-and-carbohydrates\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEnergy and Carbohydrates \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#energy-and-carbohydrates\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlant-based diets are rich in carbohydrates, which are the primary fuel for hard-working muscles. Carbohydrates, particularly those from whole plant foods like oats, sweet potatoes, and bananas, help maintain glycogen levels, providing the energy needed for intense training and competitions \u003ca href=\"https://gamechangersmovie.com/benefits/maximizing-performance/the-plant-based-advantage/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.gssiweb.org/sports-science-exchange/article/vegetarian-and-vegan-diets-for-athletic-training-and-performance\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://journal.aspetar.com/en/archive/volume-10-targeted-topic-sports-nutrition/plant-based-diets-and-athletic-performance\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"blood-flow-and-oxygenation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBlood Flow and Oxygenation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#blood-flow-and-oxygenation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlant-based meals help maintain fluid blood and improve blood flow by reducing blood viscosity and enhancing vascular flexibility. This is partly due to the nitrates found in plant foods like spinach, lettuce, and beets, which signal blood vessels to open, allowing for quicker and more efficient oxygen and nutrient delivery to the muscles \u003ca href=\"https://gamechangersmovie.com/benefits/maximizing-performance/the-plant-based-advantage/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://journal.aspetar.com/en/archive/volume-10-targeted-topic-sports-nutrition/plant-based-diets-and-athletic-performance\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"muscle-efficiency-and-recovery\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMuscle Efficiency and Recovery \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#muscle-efficiency-and-recovery\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe nitrates in plant foods also make muscles more efficient by allowing them to contract more effectively, sparing energy reserves and enabling athletes to perform more work with the same amount of effort. Additionally, plant-based diets are rich in anti-inflammatory compounds and antioxidants, which reduce muscle damage, soreness, and inflammation, leading to faster recovery times and improved overall performance \u003ca href=\"https://gamechangersmovie.com/benefits/maximizing-performance/the-plant-based-advantage/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.gssiweb.org/sports-science-exchange/article/vegetarian-and-vegan-diets-for-athletic-training-and-performance\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://journal.aspetar.com/en/archive/volume-10-targeted-topic-sports-nutrition/plant-based-diets-and-athletic-performance\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"reduced-inflammation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eReduced Inflammation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#reduced-inflammation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlant-based diets are associated with a significant reduction in inflammation, which is crucial for athletes as it helps in reducing muscle soreness, tendonitis, and joint pain. The high antioxidant content in plant foods, which is 64 times higher than in animal foods, plays a key role in this anti-inflammatory effect \u003ca href=\"https://gamechangersmovie.com/benefits/maximizing-performance/the-plant-based-advantage/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.gssiweb.org/sports-science-exchange/article/vegetarian-and-vegan-diets-for-athletic-training-and-performance\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://journal.aspetar.com/en/archive/volume-10-targeted-topic-sports-nutrition/plant-based-diets-and-athletic-performance\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"health-and-longevity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHealth and Longevity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#health-and-longevity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVegan athletes often report improved overall health, including reduced risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. This can lead to increased career longevity and better long-term health outcomes \u003ca href=\"https://gamechangersmovie.com/benefits/maximizing-performance/the-plant-based-advantage/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.gssiweb.org/sports-science-exchange/article/vegetarian-and-vegan-diets-for-athletic-training-and-performance\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://journal.aspetar.com/en/archive/volume-10-targeted-topic-sports-nutrition/plant-based-diets-and-athletic-performance\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"performance-metrics\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePerformance Metrics \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#performance-metrics\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStudies have shown that vegan athletes can achieve similar or even superior performance metrics compared to their omnivorous counterparts. For example, vegans have demonstrated superior submaximal endurance and supported muscle and strength development through plant-sourced proteins \u003ca href=\"https://journal.aspetar.com/en/archive/volume-10-targeted-topic-sports-nutrition/plant-based-diets-and-athletic-performance\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"practical-considerations\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePractical Considerations \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#practical-considerations\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile a plant-based diet can be highly beneficial, it is important for vegan athletes to ensure they meet their energy and nutrient requirements. This includes paying attention to \u0026ldquo;red flag\u0026rdquo; nutrients like iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin D, iodine, and B-vitamins, which may be less abundant or less well-absorbed from plant sources \u003ca href=\"https://www.gssiweb.org/sports-science-exchange/article/vegetarian-and-vegan-diets-for-athletic-training-and-performance\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://journal.aspetar.com/en/archive/volume-10-targeted-topic-sports-nutrition/plant-based-diets-and-athletic-performance\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e. In summary, a well-planned plant-based diet can provide significant performance advantages for vegan athletes, including enhanced energy levels, improved blood flow, increased muscle efficiency, reduced inflammation, and faster recovery times. These benefits make a plant-based diet a viable and attractive option for athletes seeking to optimize their performance and overall health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e(1) Vegan Athletes: 15 Top Athletes on a Plant-Based Diet - ISPO.com\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.veganfoodandliving.com/features/vegan-athletes-plant-based-diet/\"\u003e(2) 20 vegan athletes whose success is fuelled by a plant-based diet\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://plantbasednews.org/culture/sport/vegan-wins-brazilian-bodybuilding-competition/\"\u003e(3) Vegan Wins Brazilian Mr Olympia Bodybuilding Competition\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://vegnews.com/vegan-athletes-top-of-their-game\"\u003e(4) These 12 Athletes Are at the Top of Their Game Without Eating Meat\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nomeatathlete.com/vegetarian-diet-athletes/\"\u003e(5) The Plant Based Diet for Athletes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://grist.org/arts-culture/meet-the-jacked-vegan-strength-athletes-defying-stereotypes/\"\u003e(6) Meet the jacked vegan strength athletes defying stereotypes - Grist\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/vegan/comments/1d2ao3v/how_has_adopting_a_vegan_diet_impacted_the/\"\u003e(7) How has adopting a vegan diet impacted the performance of professional athletes?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10334161/\"\u003e(8) Nutritional Considerations for the Vegan Athlete\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat are the common misconceptions about vegan diets in sports\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are several common misconceptions about vegan diets in the context of sports and athletic performance, which are addressed in the following points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"myth-1-vegans-are-malnourished-and-get-ill-often\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMyth #1: Vegans are Malnourished and Get Ill Often \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#myth-1-vegans-are-malnourished-and-get-ill-often\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis misconception suggests that vegan diets lack essential nutrients, leading to malnutrition and frequent illnesses. However, evidence indicates that well-planned vegan diets can be highly nutritious and even superior in quality compared to other diets. Studies have shown that vegan diets can provide all necessary nutrients and may reduce the risk of various chronic diseases \u003ca href=\"https://www.livescience.com/veganism-for-athletes\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"myth-2-vegan-diets-lack-protein\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMyth #2: Vegan Diets Lack Protein \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#myth-2-vegan-diets-lack-protein\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere is a widespread belief that vegan diets are insufficient in protein, which is crucial for muscle repair and growth. However, plant-based sources such as legumes, beans, lentils, tofu, and plant-based protein powders can provide adequate protein for athletes. Proper planning and consideration of protein sources can mitigate this issue \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10334161/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.livescience.com/veganism-for-athletes\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.gssiweb.org/sports-science-exchange/article/vegetarian-and-vegan-diets-for-athletic-training-and-performance\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"myth-3-vegan-diets-are-inadequate-for-high-intensity-sports\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMyth #3: Vegan Diets are Inadequate for High-Intensity Sports \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#myth-3-vegan-diets-are-inadequate-for-high-intensity-sports\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMany believe that vegan diets cannot support the high energy and nutrient demands of intense athletic training. However, well-planned vegan diets can meet these demands by ensuring adequate energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient intakes. Athletes need to focus on consuming foods rich in carbohydrates, antioxidants, and other phytochemicals, which are abundant in plant-based diets \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10334161/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.livescience.com/veganism-for-athletes\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.gssiweb.org/sports-science-exchange/article/vegetarian-and-vegan-diets-for-athletic-training-and-performance\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"myth-4-vegan-diets-will-slow-down-recovery\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMyth #4: Vegan Diets Will Slow Down Recovery \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#myth-4-vegan-diets-will-slow-down-recovery\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe idea that vegan diets hinder recovery after intense exercise is another misconception. In fact, plant-based diets are rich in anti-inflammatory compounds and antioxidants, which can help reduce muscle soreness and inflammation, potentially speeding up recovery. Studies have shown that vegan athletes can achieve similar or even better recovery outcomes compared to their omnivorous counterparts \u003ca href=\"https://www.livescience.com/veganism-for-athletes\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"myth-5-vegan-diets-are-automatically-healthy-and-promote-weight-loss\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMyth #5: Vegan Diets are Automatically Healthy and Promote Weight Loss \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#myth-5-vegan-diets-are-automatically-healthy-and-promote-weight-loss\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile vegan diets can be very healthy, it is incorrect to assume that all vegan diets are automatically beneficial. The presence of high amounts of processed vegan foods rich in fats, sugars, and starchy carbohydrates can negate any health benefits. A balanced and well-planned vegan diet is essential for optimal health and performance \u003ca href=\"https://www.livescience.com/veganism-for-athletes\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"myth-6-vegan-diets-lead-to-deficiencies-in-key-nutrients\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMyth #6: Vegan Diets Lead to Deficiencies in Key Nutrients \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#myth-6-vegan-diets-lead-to-deficiencies-in-key-nutrients\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere is a concern that vegan diets may lead to deficiencies in certain nutrients like vitamin B12, iron, calcium, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids. While this is true if the diet is not well-planned, careful consideration and supplementation can mitigate these deficiencies. Athletes need to be aware of these \u0026ldquo;red flag\u0026rdquo; nutrients and ensure they are adequately supplied through their diet or supplements \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10334161/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.livescience.com/veganism-for-athletes\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://andytherd.com/2019/11/07/my-thoughts-on-the-game-changers-netflix/\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"myth-7-vegan-diets-are-superior-for-athletic-performance\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMyth #7: Vegan Diets are Superior for Athletic Performance \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#myth-7-vegan-diets-are-superior-for-athletic-performance\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome claims suggest that vegan diets are inherently superior for athletic performance. However, there is no concrete evidence to support the idea that vegan diets enhance performance, adaptation, or recovery more than other diets. While vegan diets can be optimal for athletes, they do not offer a universal performance advantage \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10334161/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://andytherd.com/2019/11/07/my-thoughts-on-the-game-changers-netflix/\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.gssiweb.org/sports-science-exchange/article/vegetarian-and-vegan-diets-for-athletic-training-and-performance\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn summary, these misconceptions highlight the importance of careful planning, education, and awareness about the nutritional needs and benefits of a vegan diet for athletes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ispo.com/en/know-how/vegan-athletes-15-top-athletes-who-are-vegan\"\u003e(1) Vegan Athletes: 15 Top Athletes on a Plant-Based Diet - ISPO.com\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.veganfoodandliving.com/features/vegan-athletes-plant-based-diet/\"\u003e(2) 20 vegan athletes whose success is fuelled by a plant-based diet\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://plantbasednews.org/culture/sport/vegan-wins-brazilian-bodybuilding-competition/\"\u003e(3) Vegan Wins Brazilian Mr Olympia Bodybuilding Competition\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://vegnews.com/vegan-athletes-top-of-their-game\"\u003e(4) These 12 Athletes Are at the Top of Their Game Without Eating Meat\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nomeatathlete.com/vegetarian-diet-athletes/\"\u003e(5) The Plant Based Diet for Athletes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://grist.org/arts-culture/meet-the-jacked-vegan-strength-athletes-defying-stereotypes/\"\u003e(6) Meet the jacked vegan strength athletes defying stereotypes - Grist\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/vegan/comments/1d2ao3v/how_has_adopting_a_vegan_diet_impacted_the/\"\u003e(7) How has adopting a vegan diet impacted the performance of professional athletes?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10334161/\"\u003e(8) Nutritional Considerations for the Vegan Athlete\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "End of Alcohol", "date_published": "2024-10-31T22:44:43-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-10-31T22:44:43-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/health/end-of-alcohol/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/health/end-of-alcohol/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePerplexity: Influencers are blending science and superstition to help people stop drinking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExported on 31/10/2024 at 22:54:49 \u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai/search/summarize-https-www-wired-com-iYEcu35eSoyFFP5c3vOuOQ\"\u003efrom Perplexity.ai\u003c/a\u003e - with \u003ca href=\"https://save.hugocollin.com\"\u003eSaveMyChatbot\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSummarize \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/the-end-of-alcohol/?position=5\u0026amp;utm_source=pocket_shared\"\u003eEnd of Alcohol\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe article from Wired discusses the changing attitudes towards alcohol consumption, particularly among younger generations like Gen Z. Here are the key points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"shifting-attitudes-towards-alcohol\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eShifting Attitudes Towards Alcohol \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#shifting-attitudes-towards-alcohol\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere\u0026rsquo;s a growing trend of people, especially younger adults, choosing to drink less or not at all.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis shift is driven by various factors, including health concerns, financial considerations, and changing social norms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"the-sober-curious-movement\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;Sober Curious\u0026rdquo; Movement \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-sober-curious-movement\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA new wave of non-alcoholic beverages and alcohol-free social spaces is emerging.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMany people are experimenting with periods of sobriety or reduced alcohol consumption.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"health-and-wellness-focus\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHealth and Wellness Focus \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#health-and-wellness-focus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreased awareness of alcohol\u0026rsquo;s negative health effects is contributing to the trend.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMany view abstaining from alcohol as part of a broader wellness lifestyle.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"economic-factors\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEconomic Factors \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#economic-factors\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe high cost of drinking, especially in urban areas, is deterring some from regular alcohol consumption.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe alcohol industry is adapting by investing in non-alcoholic alternatives.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"cultural-shift\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCultural Shift \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cultural-shift\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSocial media and changing work cultures are influencing drinking habits.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere\u0026rsquo;s less pressure to drink in social situations, particularly among younger generations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"future-of-alcohol\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFuture of Alcohol \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#future-of-alcohol\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile alcohol isn\u0026rsquo;t disappearing, its role in society is evolving.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article suggests a future where alcohol consumption is more moderate and less central to social interactions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe article portrays a complex picture of changing attitudes towards alcohol, indicating a potential long-term shift in drinking culture, especially among younger generations \u003ca href=\"https://www.addictioncenter.com/alcohol/end-stage-alcoholism/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.addictioncenter.com/alcohol/end-stage-alcoholism/\"\u003e(1) End-Stage Alcoholism: Signs, Symptoms, and Treatment\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/cycle-alcohol-addiction\"\u003e(2) The Cycle of Alcohol Addiction\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/04/the-irrationality-of-alcoholics-anonymous/386255/\"\u003e(3) The Irrationality of Alcoholics Anonymous - The Atlantic\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://arcr.niaaa.nih.gov/volume/41/1/natural-recovery-liver-and-other-organs-after-chronic-alcohol-use\"\u003e(4) Natural Recovery by the Liver and Other Organs After Chronic \u0026hellip;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2023-01/CCSA_Canadas_Guidance_on_Alcohol_and_Health_Final_Report_en.pdf\"\u003e(5) PDF Canada\u0026rsquo;s Guidance on Alcohol and Health: Final Report\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20220920-why-gen-zers-are-growing-up-sober-curious\"\u003e(6) Why Gen Zers are growing up sober curious - BBC\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/topics/substance-use-abuse-addiction/alcohol-disorders\"\u003e(7) Understanding alcohol use disorders and their treatment\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/how-alcohol-affects-your-body\"\u003e(8) How alcohol affects your body - Better Health Channel\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat are the potential health impacts discussed in the article\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe articles discuss various potential health impacts associated with different substances and environmental factors. Here are the key health impacts mentioned:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"pfas-per--and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePFAS (Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pfas-per--and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReproductive Effects\u003c/strong\u003e: Decreased fertility, increased high blood pressure in pregnant women \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pfas/our-current-understanding-human-health-and-environmental-risks-pfas\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDevelopmental Effects\u003c/strong\u003e: Low birth weight, accelerated puberty, bone variations, behavioral changes in children \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pfas/our-current-understanding-human-health-and-environmental-risks-pfas\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCancer Risk\u003c/strong\u003e: Increased risk of prostate, kidney, and testicular cancers \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pfas/our-current-understanding-human-health-and-environmental-risks-pfas\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImmune System\u003c/strong\u003e: Reduced ability of the bodyā€™s immune system to fight infections, including reduced vaccine response \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pfas/our-current-understanding-human-health-and-environmental-risks-pfas\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHormonal Interference\u003c/strong\u003e: Interference with the bodyā€™s natural hormones \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pfas/our-current-understanding-human-health-and-environmental-risks-pfas\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCardiovascular and Metabolic\u003c/strong\u003e: Increased cholesterol levels and/or risk of obesity \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pfas/our-current-understanding-human-health-and-environmental-risks-pfas\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"particulate-matter-pm\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eParticulate Matter (PM) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#particulate-matter-pm\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCardiovascular Issues\u003c/strong\u003e: Premature death in people with heart or lung disease, nonfatal heart attacks, irregular heartbeat \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution/health-and-environmental-effects-particulate-matter-pm\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRespiratory Problems\u003c/strong\u003e: Aggravated asthma, decreased lung function, increased respiratory symptoms such as irritation of the airways, coughing, or difficulty breathing \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution/health-and-environmental-effects-particulate-matter-pm\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGeneral Health\u003c/strong\u003e: Increased risk for people with heart or lung diseases, children, older adults, and certain minority and low socioeconomic status populations \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution/health-and-environmental-effects-particulate-matter-pm\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"microplastics\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMicroplastics \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#microplastics\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eToxic Effects\u003c/strong\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOxidative Stress and DNA Damage\u003c/strong\u003e: Observed in experimental models like cells, organoids, and animals \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/envhealth.3c00052\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOrgan Dysfunction\u003c/strong\u003e: Including hepatotoxicity, disruption of lipid metabolism \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/envhealth.3c00052\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMetabolic Disorders\u003c/strong\u003e: Altered metabolic processes \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/envhealth.3c00052\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImmune Response\u003c/strong\u003e: Inflammatory responses, immune imbalance \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/envhealth.3c00052\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNeurotoxicity\u003c/strong\u003e: Adverse effects on the development of brain-like tissue \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/envhealth.3c00052\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReproductive and Developmental Toxicity\u003c/strong\u003e: Effects on reproductive and developmental health \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/envhealth.3c00052\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChronic Diseases\u003c/strong\u003e: Potential links to various chronic diseases through epidemiological evidence \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/envhealth.3c00052\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"alcohol\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAlcohol \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#alcohol\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eShort-Term Effects\u003c/strong\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMemory Loss and Blackouts\u003c/strong\u003e: Hangovers, memory loss, and blackouts \u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/topics/substance-use-abuse-addiction/alcohol-disorders\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLong-Term Effects\u003c/strong\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGastrointestinal Problems\u003c/strong\u003e: Stomach ailments \u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/topics/substance-use-abuse-addiction/alcohol-disorders\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCardiovascular Issues\u003c/strong\u003e: Heart problems \u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/topics/substance-use-abuse-addiction/alcohol-disorders\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCancer\u003c/strong\u003e: Increased risk of various cancers \u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/topics/substance-use-abuse-addiction/alcohol-disorders\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLiver Damage\u003c/strong\u003e: Liver cirrhosis \u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/topics/substance-use-abuse-addiction/alcohol-disorders\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBrain Damage\u003c/strong\u003e: Serious memory loss, brain damage \u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/topics/substance-use-abuse-addiction/alcohol-disorders\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMental Health\u003c/strong\u003e: Worsening of existing conditions like depression or inducing new problems such as depression or anxiety \u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/topics/substance-use-abuse-addiction/alcohol-disorders\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReproductive Health\u003c/strong\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD)\u003c/strong\u003e: Learning, health, and social effects on the fetus, brain injury, birth defects, behavioral problems, and learning disabilities \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2023-01/CCSA_Canadas_Guidance_on_Alcohol_and_Health_Final_Report_en.pdf\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePregnancy and Breastfeeding\u003c/strong\u003e: Increased risk of miscarriage, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, placental abnormalities, and negative impacts on breastfeeding \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2023-01/CCSA_Canadas_Guidance_on_Alcohol_and_Health_Final_Report_en.pdf\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese health impacts highlight the significant risks associated with exposure to PFAS, particulate matter, microplastics, and excessive alcohol consumption.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pfas/our-current-understanding-human-health-and-environmental-risks-pfas\"\u003e(1) Our Current Understanding of the Human Health and Environmental \u0026hellip;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution/health-and-environmental-effects-particulate-matter-pm\"\u003e(2) Health and Environmental Effects of Particulate Matter (PM) | US EPA\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/envhealth.3c00052\"\u003e(3) Potential Health Impact of Microplastics: A Review of Environmental \u0026hellip;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2023-01/CCSA_Canadas_Guidance_on_Alcohol_and_Health_Final_Report_en.pdf\"\u003e(4) Canadaā€™s Guidance on Alcohol and Health: Final Report\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/topics/substance-use-abuse-addiction/alcohol-disorders\"\u003e(5) Understanding alcohol use disorders and their treatment\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/smoking-tobacco/vaping/risks.html\"\u003e(6) Risks of vaping - Canada.ca\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://climatechange.chicago.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-human-health\"\u003e(7) Climate Impacts on Human Health\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/how-alcohol-affects-your-body\"\u003e(8) How alcohol affects your body\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "Twenty Data Science Concepts", "date_published": "2024-10-31T21:36:41-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-10-31T21:36:41-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/computing/twenty-data-science-concepts/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/computing/twenty-data-science-concepts/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePerplexity: Core data science concepts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExported on 31/10/2024 at 21:35:18 \u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai/search/20-core-data-science-concepts-GZYPyNuGR12M9Kxv2BFLWA\"\u003efrom Perplexity.ai\u003c/a\u003e - with \u003ca href=\"https://save.hugocollin.com\"\u003eSaveMyChatbot\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSummarize \u003ca href=\"https://www.kdnuggets.com/2020/12/20-core-data-science-concepts-beginners.html\"\u003e20 core data science concepts\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe article outlines \u003cstrong\u003e20 core data science concepts\u003c/strong\u003e essential for beginners, providing a foundational understanding crucial for anyone entering the field. Hereā€™s a summary of these concepts:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"key-concepts-in-data-science\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eKey Concepts in Data Science \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#key-concepts-in-data-science\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDataset\u003c/strong\u003e: A collection of data used for analysis, which can be numerical, categorical, or various other forms. Datasets may be static or dynamic.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Wrangling\u003c/strong\u003e: The process of cleaning and transforming raw data into a tidy format suitable for analysis.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Visualization\u003c/strong\u003e: Techniques for representing data graphically to identify patterns and relationships among variables.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutliers\u003c/strong\u003e: Data points that differ significantly from others, which can skew results and may need special handling.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Imputation\u003c/strong\u003e: Methods for filling in missing values in datasets to maintain data integrity during analysis.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Scaling\u003c/strong\u003e: Adjusting the range of feature values to improve model performance, often through normalization or standardization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrincipal Component Analysis (PCA)\u003c/strong\u003e: A technique for reducing the dimensionality of datasets while preserving variance, helping to avoid redundancy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLinear Discriminant Analysis (LDA)\u003c/strong\u003e: A supervised technique for dimensionality reduction that focuses on maximizing class separability.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Partitioning\u003c/strong\u003e: Dividing datasets into training and testing sets to evaluate model performance accurately.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSupervised Learning\u003c/strong\u003e: Algorithms that learn from labeled data to predict outcomes based on input features.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUnsupervised Learning\u003c/strong\u003e: Techniques used with unlabeled data to uncover hidden patterns or groupings.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReinforcement Learning\u003c/strong\u003e: A learning paradigm where an agent improves its performance through interactions with an environment based on feedback signals.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eModel Parameters and Hyperparameters\u003c/strong\u003e: Model parameters are learned from training data, while hyperparameters are set prior to training and tuned for optimal performance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCross-validation\u003c/strong\u003e: A technique for assessing how the results of a statistical analysis will generalize to an independent dataset by partitioning the data into subsets.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBias-Variance Tradeoff\u003c/strong\u003e: The balance between a model\u0026rsquo;s complexity and its ability to generalize well to unseen data, where high bias leads to underfitting and high variance leads to overfitting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEvaluation Metrics\u003c/strong\u003e: Various metrics used to assess model performance, including accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, RĀ² score, etc.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUncertainty Quantification\u003c/strong\u003e: Estimating the uncertainty in model predictions due to variability in the data and model parameters.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMath Concepts\u003c/strong\u003e: Fundamental mathematical knowledge including calculus, linear algebra, and optimization methods is essential for developing machine learning models.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStatistics and Probability Concepts\u003c/strong\u003e: Understanding statistical measures and probability distributions is critical for data analysis and interpretation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProductivity Tools\u003c/strong\u003e: Utilizing tools like GitHub, Jupyter Notebook, and RStudio helps manage projects effectively and streamline workflows in data science tasks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese concepts provide a comprehensive foundation for anyone looking to delve into data science, equipping them with the necessary skills and knowledge to tackle real-world problems effectively \u003ca href=\"https://www.kdnuggets.com/2020/12/20-core-data-science-concepts-beginners.html\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.kdnuggets.com/2020/12/20-core-data-science-concepts-beginners.html\"\u003e(1) 20-core-data-science-concepts-beginners.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow does feature scaling impact the predictive power of a model\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFeature scaling significantly impacts the predictive power of a model in several ways, particularly for many machine learning algorithms. Here are the key points to consider:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"impact-on-algorithm-performance\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eImpact on Algorithm Performance \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#impact-on-algorithm-performance\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"gradient-descent-and-convergence\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGradient Descent and Convergence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#gradient-descent-and-convergence\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFeature scaling is crucial for algorithms that use gradient descent, such as neural networks and logistic regression. When features are on different scales, gradient descent updates the parameters at different rates, which can lead to slow convergence or getting stuck in local optima. Scaling features ensures that the gradient descent moves smoothly towards the minima, speeding up the training process and improving the overall optimization \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.trainindata.com/feature-scaling-in-machine-learning/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.atoti.io/articles/when-to-perform-a-feature-scaling/\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"distance-based-algorithms\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDistance-Based Algorithms \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#distance-based-algorithms\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlgorithms that rely on distance calculations, such as k-nearest neighbors (KNN), k-means clustering, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), are highly sensitive to feature scales. Features with larger value ranges can dominate the distance calculations, leading to biased results. Scaling features ensures that all variables contribute equally to the distance metrics, improving the accuracy and separability of the data \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.trainindata.com/feature-scaling-in-machine-learning/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://scikit-learn.org/stable/auto_examples/preprocessing/plot_scaling_importance.html\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"model-interpretability-and-feature-importance\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eModel Interpretability and Feature Importance \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#model-interpretability-and-feature-importance\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn models like linear and logistic regression, feature scaling helps in comparing the importance of different features. When features are on the same scale, the coefficients of the model reflect the relative importance of each feature more accurately. This is particularly useful in understanding which features contribute most to the predictions \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.trainindata.com/feature-scaling-in-machine-learning/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.atoti.io/articles/when-to-perform-a-feature-scaling/\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"effect-on-model-fit-and-accuracy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEffect on Model Fit and Accuracy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#effect-on-model-fit-and-accuracy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"improved-model-fit\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eImproved Model Fit \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#improved-model-fit\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScaling features can lead to a better fit of the model to the data. For example, in PCA, scaling ensures that the principal components are determined based on the variance of the features rather than their scale. This can improve the separability of classes and overall model performance \u003ca href=\"https://scikit-learn.org/stable/auto_examples/preprocessing/plot_scaling_importance.html\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"enhanced-accuracy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEnhanced Accuracy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#enhanced-accuracy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStudies have shown that scaling features can significantly improve the accuracy of models. For instance, in a comparison between scaled and unscaled data for a model trained on PCA-reduced data, the scaled version achieved a test accuracy of 96.30% compared to 35.19% for the unscaled version \u003ca href=\"https://scikit-learn.org/stable/auto_examples/preprocessing/plot_scaling_importance.html\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"exceptions-and-considerations\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExceptions and Considerations \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#exceptions-and-considerations\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"tree-based-algorithms\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTree-Based Algorithms \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tree-based-algorithms\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTree-based models such as decision trees, random forests, and gradient boosting machines are generally insensitive to feature scales. These models split nodes based on individual features without considering the scale of other features, making feature scaling unnecessary for these algorithms \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.trainindata.com/feature-scaling-in-machine-learning/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.atoti.io/articles/when-to-perform-a-feature-scaling/\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"risk-of-overfitting\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRisk of Overfitting \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#risk-of-overfitting\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile scaling features is beneficial in many cases, it can also amplify the effect of noisy or constant features if they are measured with noise. This can lead to overfitting, especially in algorithms like KNN. Therefore, it is important to consider the nature of the data and the algorithm being used before applying feature scaling \u003ca href=\"https://www.atoti.io/articles/when-to-perform-a-feature-scaling/\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e. In summary, feature scaling is a critical preprocessing step that can enhance the predictive power of many machine learning models by ensuring faster convergence, better model fit, and improved accuracy, while also aiding in the interpretation of feature importance. However, it is essential to consider the specific requirements and sensitivities of the chosen algorithm.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.trainindata.com/feature-scaling-in-machine-learning/\"\u003e(1) Feature scaling in machine learning: Standardization \u0026hellip;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://scikit-learn.org/stable/auto_examples/preprocessing/plot_scaling_importance.html\"\u003e(2) Importance of Feature Scaling ā€” scikit-learn 1.5.2 documentation\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.atoti.io/articles/when-to-perform-a-feature-scaling/\"\u003e(3) When to perform a Feature Scaling? - Machine Learning - Atoti\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/feature-scaling\"\u003e(4) Feature Scaling - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/advice/1/how-does-feature-scaling-impact-your-machine-learning-fdfkf\"\u003e(5) Impact of Feature Scaling on Machine Learning - LinkedIn\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat are the differences between normalization and standardization in feature scaling\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNormalization and standardization are two common techniques used in feature scaling, each with distinct methods, advantages, and use cases. Here are the key differences between them:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"scaling-method\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eScaling Method \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#scaling-method\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"normalization-min-max-scaling\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNormalization (Min-Max Scaling) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#normalization-min-max-scaling\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNormalization scales the data to a specific range, typically between 0 and 1, or sometimes between -1 and 1. The formula for normalization is:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e$$X_{\\text{new}}=\\frac{X-X_{\\text{min}}}{X_{\\text{max}}-X_{\\text{min}}}$$\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis method uses the minimum and maximum values of the feature to scale the data \u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/normalization-vs-standardization/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.simplilearn.com/normalization-vs-standardization-article\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.kdnuggets.com/2020/04/data-transformation-standardization-normalization.html\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"standardization-z-score-normalization\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStandardization (Z-Score Normalization) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#standardization-z-score-normalization\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStandardization scales the data to have a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. The formula for standardization is:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e$$X_{\\text{new}}=\\frac{X-\\text{mean}}{\\text{std}}$$\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis method uses the mean and standard deviation of the feature to scale the data \u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/normalization-vs-standardization/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.simplilearn.com/normalization-vs-standardization-article\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.trainindata.com/feature-scaling-in-machine-learning/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"range-of-scaled-values\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRange of Scaled Values \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#range-of-scaled-values\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"normalization\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNormalization \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#normalization\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe scaled values are bounded within a specific range, usually [0, 1] or [-1, 1] \u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/normalization-vs-standardization/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.simplilearn.com/normalization-vs-standardization-article\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.kdnuggets.com/2020/04/data-transformation-standardization-normalization.html\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"standardization\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStandardization \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#standardization\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe scaled values are not bounded to a specific range. They follow a standard normal distribution (Z-distribution) with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1 \u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/normalization-vs-standardization/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.simplilearn.com/normalization-vs-standardization-article\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.trainindata.com/feature-scaling-in-machine-learning/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sensitivity-to-outliers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSensitivity to Outliers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sensitivity-to-outliers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"normalization-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNormalization \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#normalization-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNormalization is highly sensitive to outliers because it uses the minimum and maximum values of the data. Outliers can significantly affect these values, leading to a compressed range for the rest of the data \u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/normalization-vs-standardization/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.simplilearn.com/normalization-vs-standardization-article\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.kdnuggets.com/2020/04/data-transformation-standardization-normalization.html\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"standardization-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStandardization \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#standardization-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStandardization is less sensitive to outliers because it uses the mean and standard deviation, which are more robust to outliers compared to the minimum and maximum values \u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/normalization-vs-standardization/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.simplilearn.com/normalization-vs-standardization-article\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.trainindata.com/feature-scaling-in-machine-learning/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"distribution-assumptions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDistribution Assumptions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#distribution-assumptions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"normalization-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNormalization \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#normalization-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNormalization does not assume any specific distribution of the data. It is useful when the distribution of the feature is unknown or not Gaussian \u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/normalization-vs-standardization/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.simplilearn.com/normalization-vs-standardization-article\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.kdnuggets.com/2020/04/data-transformation-standardization-normalization.html\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"standardization-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStandardization \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#standardization-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStandardization is often preferred when the data follows a Gaussian distribution, although it can be used even if the data does not follow a Gaussian distribution. It is particularly useful in algorithms that assume normality, such as linear regression \u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/normalization-vs-standardization/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.simplilearn.com/normalization-vs-standardization-article\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.trainindata.com/feature-scaling-in-machine-learning/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"geometric-interpretation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGeometric Interpretation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#geometric-interpretation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"normalization-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNormalization \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#normalization-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeometrically, normalization transforms the n-dimensional data into an n-dimensional unit hypercube, where all features are within the same range \u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/normalization-vs-standardization/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.simplilearn.com/normalization-vs-standardization-article\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"standardization-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStandardization \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#standardization-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeometrically, standardization translates the data to the origin (mean vector) and scales it so that the standard deviation is 1. This does not change the shape of the distribution but centers it around the mean \u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/normalization-vs-standardization/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.simplilearn.com/normalization-vs-standardization-article\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.trainindata.com/feature-scaling-in-machine-learning/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"use-cases\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUse Cases \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#use-cases\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"normalization-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNormalization \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#normalization-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsed when features are on different scales and there are no outliers. It is commonly applied in algorithms like k-nearest neighbors (KNN) and neural networks when the distribution is unknown \u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/normalization-vs-standardization/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.simplilearn.com/normalization-vs-standardization-article\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.kdnuggets.com/2020/04/data-transformation-standardization-normalization.html\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"standardization-4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStandardization \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#standardization-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsed when the feature distribution is known or assumed to be Gaussian. It is particularly useful in algorithms that use gradient descent, such as neural networks and linear regression, because it helps in faster convergence \u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/normalization-vs-standardization/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.simplilearn.com/normalization-vs-standardization-article\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.trainindata.com/feature-scaling-in-machine-learning/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn summary, the choice between normalization and standardization depends on the nature of the data, the presence of outliers, and the assumptions made by the machine learning algorithm being used.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/normalization-vs-standardization/\"\u003e(1) Normalization vs Standardization - GeeksforGeeks\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.simplilearn.com/normalization-vs-standardization-article\"\u003e(2) Normalization vs Standardization - What\u0026rsquo;s The Difference? | Simplilearn\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.kdnuggets.com/2020/04/data-transformation-standardization-normalization.html\"\u003e(3) Data Transformation: Standardization vs Normalization - KDnuggets\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.trainindata.com/feature-scaling-in-machine-learning/\"\u003e(4) Feature scaling in machine learning: Standardization, MinMaxScaling and more\u0026hellip; - Train in Data\u0026rsquo;s Blog\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.atoti.io/articles/when-to-perform-a-feature-scaling/\"\u003e(5) Machine Learning: When to perform a Feature Scaling? - Atoti Community\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://scikit-learn.org/stable/auto_examples/preprocessing/plot_scaling_importance.html\"\u003e(6) Importance of Feature Scaling\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://towardsdatascience.com/normalization-vs-standardization-cb8fe15082eb?gi=207de0c4c849\"\u003e(7) Normalization vs Standardization. The two most important feature scalingā€¦\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.datacamp.com/tutorial/normalization-vs-standardization\"\u003e(8) Normalization vs. Standardization: Key Differences Explained\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "Meet Prompt Poet", "date_published": "2024-10-31T19:25:25-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-10-31T19:25:25-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/computing/meet-prompt-poet/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/computing/meet-prompt-poet/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePerplexity: About Prompt Poet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExported on 31/10/2024 at 09:48:34 \u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai/search/meet-prompt-poet-r.qiEYHTSBKv6CJKfWtqKg\"\u003efrom Perplexity.ai\u003c/a\u003e - with \u003ca href=\"https://save.hugocollin.com\"\u003eSaveMyChatbot\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSummarize \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/?mc_cid=546b3d20fd\u0026amp;mc_eid=ef63254ced\"\u003eMeet Prompt Poet\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrompt Poet, a tool recently acquired by Google from Character.ai, is revolutionizing the field of prompt engineering for large language models (LLMs). This innovative tool offers several key advantages that streamline the process of creating and managing prompts for AI applications \u003ca href=\"https://fusionchat.ai/news/the-future-of-ai-prompts-a-deep-dive-into-prompt-poet\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"key-features-of-prompt-poet\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eKey Features of Prompt Poet \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#key-features-of-prompt-poet\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLow Code Approach\u003c/strong\u003e: Prompt Poet simplifies prompt design for both technical and non-technical users, making it more accessible than code-intensive frameworks \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTemplate Flexibility\u003c/strong\u003e: The tool uses YAML and Jinja2 to support complex prompt structures, allowing for more dynamic and adaptable prompts \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eContext Management\u003c/strong\u003e: Prompt Poet seamlessly integrates external data, offering a more dynamic and data-rich prompt creation process \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEfficiency\u003c/strong\u003e: By reducing time spent on engineering string manipulations, users can focus on crafting optimal prompt text \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"importance-of-context-in-prompt-engineering\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eImportance of Context in Prompt Engineering \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#importance-of-context-in-prompt-engineering\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrompt Poet emphasizes the critical concept of context in prompt engineering, particularly focusing on instructions and data. The tool streamlines the creation of dynamic, data-rich prompts, enhancing the effectiveness of LLM applications \u003ca href=\"https://fusionchat.ai/news/the-future-of-ai-prompts-a-deep-dive-into-prompt-poet\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"practical-application-daily-planner-example\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePractical Application: Daily Planner Example \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#practical-application-daily-planner-example\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo illustrate Prompt Poet\u0026rsquo;s capabilities, the article presents an example of a daily planning assistant. This assistant provides personalized reminders and contextual information based on real-time data, such as weather updates, traffic information, air quality index, and calendar events \u003ca href=\"https://fusionchat.ai/news/the-future-of-ai-prompts-a-deep-dive-into-prompt-poet\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"enhancing-prompt-engineering-skills\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEnhancing Prompt Engineering Skills \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#enhancing-prompt-engineering-skills\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMastering the fundamentals of prompt engineering, particularly the management of instructions and data, is crucial for maximizing the potential of LLMs. Prompt Poet offers a user-friendly and efficient approach to creating data-rich prompts, making prompt design accessible for users with varying levels of expertise \u003ca href=\"https://fusionchat.ai/news/the-future-of-ai-prompts-a-deep-dive-into-prompt-poet\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e. By utilizing tools like Prompt Poet, developers can refine their prompt engineering skills and create innovative AI applications that cater to diverse user needs with precision. As AI technology continues to advance, staying updated on the latest prompt engineering techniques will be crucial for driving AI innovation \u003ca href=\"https://fusionchat.ai/news/the-future-of-ai-prompts-a-deep-dive-into-prompt-poet\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://fusionchat.ai/news/the-future-of-ai-prompts-a-deep-dive-into-prompt-poet\"\u003e(1) The Future of AI Prompts: A Deep Dive into Prompt Poet - Fusion Chat\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e(2) Meet Prompt Poet: The Google-acquired tool revolutionizing LLM \u0026hellip;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://getcoai.com/news/google-acquired-prompt-poet-wants-to-make-you-better-at-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e(3) Google-Acquired \u0026lsquo;Prompt Poet\u0026rsquo; Wants to Make you Better at \u0026hellip; - CO/AI\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://passionates.com/major-news-from-googles-prompt-poet-alibaba-qwen2-math-rabbit-r1-grok-ai-lg-and-hugging-face/\"\u003e(4) Major News from Google\u0026rsquo;s Prompt Poet, Alibaba, Qwen2-Math \u0026hellip;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/how-few-shot-learning-with-googles-prompt-poet-can-supercharge-your-llms/\"\u003e(5) How few-shot learning with Google\u0026rsquo;s Prompt Poet can supercharge \u0026hellip;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/posts/georg-huettenegger_meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-activity-7229122389450600448-_Yzo\"\u003e(6) Georg Huettenegger on LinkedIn: Meet Prompt Poet\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/posts/albert-thompson-518a99116_meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-activity-7227844360577466369-Ca5o\"\u003e(7) Albert Thompson on LinkedIn: Meet Prompt Poet\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/VentureBeat/status/1821705972496191664\"\u003e(8) VentureBeat on X: Meet Prompt Poet: The Google-acquired tool \u0026hellip;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat are some practical examples of using Prompt Poet in daily planning assistants\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrompt Poet, a tool acquired by Google from Character.ai, offers several practical examples of how it can be used to enhance daily planning assistants through advanced prompt engineering. Here are some key examples:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"dynamic-and-data-rich-prompts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDynamic and Data-Rich Prompts \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dynamic-and-data-rich-prompts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrompt Poet uses YAML and Jinja2 templates to create flexible and dynamic prompts. For a daily planning assistant, this means integrating real-time data such as:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWeather Updates\u003c/strong\u003e: The prompt can include current weather conditions, temperature, and descriptions for the user\u0026rsquo;s location \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://fusionchat.ai/news/the-future-of-ai-prompts-a-deep-dive-into-prompt-poet\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://passionates.com/major-news-from-googles-prompt-poet-alibaba-qwen2-math-rabbit-r1-grok-ai-lg-and-hugging-face/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTraffic Information\u003c/strong\u003e: It can incorporate traffic status, helping the user plan their commute or travel more efficiently \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://fusionchat.ai/news/the-future-of-ai-prompts-a-deep-dive-into-prompt-poet\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://passionates.com/major-news-from-googles-prompt-poet-alibaba-qwen2-math-rabbit-r1-grok-ai-lg-and-hugging-face/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAir Quality Index (AQI)\u003c/strong\u003e: The prompt can include AQI data and the main pollutant, providing health-related advisories \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://fusionchat.ai/news/the-future-of-ai-prompts-a-deep-dive-into-prompt-poet\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://passionates.com/major-news-from-googles-prompt-poet-alibaba-qwen2-math-rabbit-r1-grok-ai-lg-and-hugging-face/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCalendar Events\u003c/strong\u003e: The assistant can remind the user of upcoming events and meetings by integrating calendar data \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://fusionchat.ai/news/the-future-of-ai-prompts-a-deep-dive-into-prompt-poet\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://passionates.com/major-news-from-googles-prompt-poet-alibaba-qwen2-math-rabbit-r1-grok-ai-lg-and-hugging-face/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"example-template\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExample Template \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#example-template\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHereā€™s an example of how Prompt Poet can be used to create a daily planning assistant prompt:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eyaml\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-text\" data-lang=\"text\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e- name: system instructions\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e role: system\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e content: |\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e You are a helpful daily planning assistant. Use the following information about the user\u0026#39;s schedule and conditions in their area to provide a detailed summary of the day. Remind them of upcoming events and bring any warnings or unusual conditions to their attention, including weather, traffic, or air quality warnings. Ask if they have any follow-up questions.\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e- name: realtime data\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e role: system\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e content: |\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e Weather in {{ user_city }}, {{ user_country }}:\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e - Temperature: {{ user_temperature }}Ā°C\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e - Description: {{ user_description }}\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e Traffic in {{ user_city }}:\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e - Status: {{ traffic_status }}\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e Air Quality in {{ user_city }}:\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e - AQI: {{ aqi }}\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e - Main Pollutant: {{ main_pollutant }}\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e Upcoming Events:\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e {% for event in events %}\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e - {{ event.start }}: {{ event.summary }}\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e {% endfor %}\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis template is populated with real-time data using Prompt Poetā€™s \u003ccode\u003ePrompt\u003c/code\u003e class, allowing the daily planning assistant to provide personalized and context-aware responses \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://fusionchat.ai/news/the-future-of-ai-prompts-a-deep-dive-into-prompt-poet\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"few-shot-learning-integration\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFew-Shot Learning Integration \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#few-shot-learning-integration\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrompt Poet also supports few-shot learning, which can be integrated into the daily planning assistant to customize its responses further. By providing a few examples of how the assistant should behave in different scenarios, you can fine-tune its responses to match a specific tone, style, or brand voice. This technique is particularly useful for ensuring the assistant\u0026rsquo;s interactions are consistent and tailored to the user\u0026rsquo;s preferences \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/how-few-shot-learning-with-googles-prompt-poet-can-supercharge-your-llms/\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"efficiency-and-accessibility\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEfficiency and Accessibility \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#efficiency-and-accessibility\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe low-code approach of Prompt Poet makes it accessible for both technical and non-technical users. It simplifies the process of creating complex prompts, reducing the time spent on engineering string manipulations and allowing users to focus on crafting optimal prompt text. This efficiency is crucial for developing and maintaining sophisticated AI applications like daily planning assistants \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://fusionchat.ai/news/the-future-of-ai-prompts-a-deep-dive-into-prompt-poet\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://passionates.com/major-news-from-googles-prompt-poet-alibaba-qwen2-math-rabbit-r1-grok-ai-lg-and-hugging-face/\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e. By leveraging these features, Prompt Poet enables the creation of highly personalized and effective daily planning assistants that can significantly enhance the user experience.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e(1) Meet Prompt Poet: The Google-acquired tool revolutionizing LLM \u0026hellip;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/how-few-shot-learning-with-googles-prompt-poet-can-supercharge-your-llms/\"\u003e(2) How few-shot learning with Googleā€™s Prompt Poet can supercharge your LLMs\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://fusionchat.ai/news/the-future-of-ai-prompts-a-deep-dive-into-prompt-poet\"\u003e(3) The Future of AI Prompts: A Deep Dive into Prompt Poet - Fusion Chat\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://passionates.com/major-news-from-googles-prompt-poet-alibaba-qwen2-math-rabbit-r1-grok-ai-lg-and-hugging-face/\"\u003e(4) Major News from Google\u0026rsquo;s Prompt Poet, Alibaba, Qwen2-Math, Rabbit R1, Grok AI, LG and Hugging Face | Passionate Design Agency\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://blog.typingmind.com/top-12-prompting-techniques-benefits-and-use-cases/\"\u003e(5) Top 12 Prompting Techniques: Benefits and Use Cases\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://getcoai.com/news/google-acquired-prompt-poet-wants-to-make-you-better-at-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e(6) Google-Acquired \u0026lsquo;Prompt Poet\u0026rsquo; Wants to Make you Better at Prompt Engineering - CO/AI\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://boldly.com/blog/the-best-chatgpt-prompts-for-executive-assistants/\"\u003e(7) 60 Powerful AI Prompts For Executive Assistants To Boost Productivity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://realpython.com/practical-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e(8) Prompt Engineering: A Practical Example - Real Python\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"user-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#user-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat are the benefits of using few-shot learning with Prompt Poet\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ai-answer-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAI answer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ai-answer-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing few-shot learning with Prompt Poet, a tool acquired by Google from Character.ai, offers several significant benefits that enhance the performance and versatility of large language models (LLMs). Here are some of the key advantages:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"efficiency-and-reduced-training-time\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEfficiency and Reduced Training Time \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#efficiency-and-reduced-training-time\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFew-shot learning eliminates the need for extensive model fine-tuning, which is computationally intensive, time-consuming, and costly. By providing just a few examples within the prompt, you can adjust the model\u0026rsquo;s behavior to a specific context without retraining the model on a large dataset \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/how-few-shot-learning-with-googles-prompt-poet-can-supercharge-your-llms/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/few-shot-prompting\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.prompthub.us/blog/the-few-shot-prompting-guide\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"improved-accuracy-and-consistency\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eImproved Accuracy and Consistency \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#improved-accuracy-and-consistency\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncluding a few examples in the prompt helps the model understand the desired task and output format more accurately. This approach significantly improves the accuracy and consistency of the model\u0026rsquo;s responses, especially in tasks that are difficult to explain through instructions alone \u003ca href=\"https://learnprompting.org/docs/basics/few_shot\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/few-shot-prompting\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.prompthub.us/blog/the-few-shot-prompting-guide\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"structured-outputs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStructured Outputs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#structured-outputs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFew-shot prompting allows you to guide the model to produce outputs in a specific structure, such as JSON or YAML. This is particularly useful when the output needs to be in a certain format for further processing or integration with other systems \u003ca href=\"https://learnprompting.org/docs/basics/few_shot\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/few-shot-prompting\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"customization-and-brand-voice\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCustomization and Brand Voice \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#customization-and-brand-voice\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy including a few examples of successful responses, you can fine-tune the model to match a specific tone, style, or brand voice. This ensures that the AI interactions are consistent and tailored to the user\u0026rsquo;s preferences or the brand\u0026rsquo;s identity \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/how-few-shot-learning-with-googles-prompt-poet-can-supercharge-your-llms/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://learnprompting.org/docs/basics/few_shot\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"versatility-across-domains\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eVersatility Across Domains \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#versatility-across-domains\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFew-shot prompting is applicable across various domains, including but not limited to:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSentiment analysis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInformation extraction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContent creation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNamed entity recognition\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuestion answering systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMachine translation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCode generation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDialogue systems \u003ca href=\"https://learnprompting.org/docs/basics/few_shot\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/few-shot-prompting\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.prompthub.us/blog/the-few-shot-prompting-guide\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"real-world-applicability\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eReal-World Applicability \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#real-world-applicability\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis technique is particularly useful in real-world scenarios where labeled data is limited. It allows models to perform tasks efficiently even when extensive labeled datasets are not available. Studies have shown that prompt-based approaches can achieve strong performance in true few-shot settings, close to non-expert human performance \u003ca href=\"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00485/111728/True-Few-Shot-Learning-with-Prompts-A-Real-World\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"simplified-implementation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSimplified Implementation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#simplified-implementation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrompt Poet simplifies the implementation of few-shot learning by using YAML and Jinja2 templates. This low-code approach makes it accessible for both technical and non-technical users to create complex, dynamic prompts that incorporate few-shot examples directly into the prompt structure \u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/how-few-shot-learning-with-googles-prompt-poet-can-supercharge-your-llms/\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"enhanced-model-performance\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEnhanced Model Performance \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#enhanced-model-performance\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFew-shot prompting leverages the pre-trained knowledge of LLMs to perform specific tasks efficiently. It enhances the model\u0026rsquo;s ability to generalize from a small number of examples, making it a powerful tool for bridging pre-trained knowledge and task-specific requirements \u003ca href=\"https://learnprompting.org/docs/basics/few_shot\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/few-shot-prompting\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e. Overall, using few-shot learning with Prompt Poet enables the creation of sophisticated AI applications that are highly customized, efficient, and accurate, making it a valuable technique for AI practitioners and researchers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/how-few-shot-learning-with-googles-prompt-poet-can-supercharge-your-llms/\"\u003e(1) How few-shot learning with Google\u0026rsquo;s Prompt Poet can supercharge your \u0026hellip;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://learnprompting.org/docs/basics/few_shot\"\u003e(2) Shot-Based Prompting: Zero-Shot, One-Shot, and Few-Shot Prompting\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/few-shot-prompting\"\u003e(3) What is few shot prompting? - IBM\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00485/111728/True-Few-Shot-Learning-with-Prompts-A-Real-World\"\u003e(4) True Few-Shot Learning with Promptsā€”A Real-World Perspective\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.prompthub.us/blog/the-few-shot-prompting-guide\"\u003e(5) The Few Shot Prompting Guide - PromptHub\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://blog.typingmind.com/top-12-prompting-techniques-benefits-and-use-cases/\"\u003e(6) Top 12 Prompting Techniques: Benefits and Use Cases - TypingMind Blog\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://venturebeat.com/ai/meet-prompt-poet-the-google-acquired-tool-revolutionizing-llm-prompt-engineering/\"\u003e(7) Meet Prompt Poet: The Google-acquired tool revolutionizing LLM prompt engineering\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://shelf.io/blog/zero-shot-and-few-shot-prompting/\"\u003e(8) Zero-Shot vs. Few-Shot Prompting: Key Differences - Shelf.io\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "Perplexity", "date_published": "2024-10-30T10:49:18-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-10-30T10:49:18-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/perplexity/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/perplexity/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003ch1 id=\"there-are-no-ethical-alternatives-to-a-plant-based-diet-arv\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThere Are No ā€˜Ethical Alternativesā€™ To A Plant-Based Diet \u003cspan class=\"tag\" tag-name=\"arv\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"smallcaps\"\u003earv\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#there-are-no-ethical-alternatives-to-a-plant-based-diet-arv\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"answer-default\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnswer (Default): \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#answer-default\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeter Godfrey-Smith\u0026rsquo;s recent article in \u003cstrong\u003eThe Guardian\u003c/strong\u003e explores his\nexperiences with a \u0026ldquo;near-vegan\u0026rdquo; diet and the ethical implications of\nanimal consumption. He reflects on the challenges of adhering to a fully\nplant-based diet, suggesting alternatives like \u003cstrong\u003ehumanely farmed meat\u003c/strong\u003e,\n\u003cstrong\u003ewild-caught fish\u003c/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003econventionally farmed dairy\u003c/strong\u003e as potential\ncompromises for those concerned about animal welfare but unable to\nmaintain strict veganism\u003csup id=\"fnref:1\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGodfrey-Smith, a professor focused on animal consciousness, grapples\nwith the cognitive dissonance surrounding dietary choices. He\nacknowledges that while some may argue for humane farming practices, the\nfundamental act of killing animals remains ethically contentious. He\nraises questions about societal speciesism, highlighting that the\ntreatment of animals considered pets versus those raised for food\nreflects deep-seated biases\u003csup id=\"fnref:2\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCritics argue that Godfrey-Smith\u0026rsquo;s reasoning lacks coherence,\nparticularly when he suggests that humane treatment justifies continued\nconsumption. They emphasize that regardless of farming methods, the end\nresult is still death for the animals involved. The article also\ncritiques the notion that fishing practices are acceptable based on\nhistorical precedent, asserting that modern ethical standards should not\nbe dictated by ancestral behaviors\u003csup id=\"fnref:3\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn terms of health, Godfrey-Smith reports negative experiences with his\ndiet, which included fish oil supplements rather than being strictly\nvegan. This raises questions about the adequacy of his dietary planning\nand whether his symptoms were related to dietary changes or other\nfactors like illness\u003csup id=\"fnref:4\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUltimately, the article concludes that for those motivated by ethical\nconcerns regarding animal welfare, true alignment with these values\nnecessitates a commitment to veganism, as any compromise fails to\naddress the core issues at stake\u003csup id=\"fnref:5\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e5\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"citations\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCitations: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#citations\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"animals-can-work-together-arvsci\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnimals Can Work Together \u003cspan class=\"tag\" tag-name=\"arv\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"smallcaps\"\u003earv\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003eĀ \u003cspan class=\"tag\" tag-name=\"sci\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"smallcaps\"\u003esci\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#animals-can-work-together-arvsci\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"answer-default-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnswer (Default): \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#answer-default-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe article discusses various examples of animal cooperation and\nmutualistic relationships in nature, challenging the common perception\nof the animal kingdom as purely competitive and ruthless. Here are some\nkey points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"types-of-symbiotic-relationships\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTypes of Symbiotic Relationships \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#types-of-symbiotic-relationships\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are three main types of symbiotic relationships:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommensalistic: One species benefits while the other is unaffected\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParasitic: One species benefits at the expense of the other\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMutualistic: Both species benefit from the interaction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"examples-of-animal-cooperation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExamples of Animal Cooperation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#examples-of-animal-cooperation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCoral Grouper and Moray Eel\u003c/strong\u003e Coral groupers recruit moray eels to\nhelp them hunt by using specific body movements to communicate\u003csup id=\"fnref:6\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e6\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The\ngrouper signals the eel to follow and then indicates the location of\nhidden prey. This collaboration increases hunting success rates for both\nspecies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCoyote and Badger\u003c/strong\u003e Coyotes and badgers work together to hunt ground\nsquirrels and prairie dogs\u003csup id=\"fnref:7\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e7\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The badger digs into burrows while the\ncoyote waits at the exit, covering all escape routes. This teamwork\nimproves hunting success for both animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTarantula and Dotted Humming Frog\u003c/strong\u003e Tarantulas allow dotted humming\nfrogs to live in their burrows\u003csup id=\"fnref:8\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e8\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The frog gains protection from\npredators, while the tarantula\u0026rsquo;s eggs are protected from ants, which the\nfrogs eat. This mutually beneficial relationship ensures the safety of\nboth species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePistol Shrimp and Goby\u003c/strong\u003e Pistol shrimp and gobies form a lifelong\npartnership\u003csup id=\"fnref:9\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e9\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The shrimp builds and maintains burrows, while the goby\nacts as a lookout due to its superior eyesight. This collaboration\nprovides safety and shelter for both species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"unexpected-interspecies-interactions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnexpected Interspecies Interactions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#unexpected-interspecies-interactions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe article also mentions several instances of animals helping other\nspecies without apparent benefit:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn Indian rhesus monkey adopting and caring for a homeless puppy\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA Bornean orangutan rescuing a drowning bird\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA bear saving a drowning crow\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHumpback whales defending smaller fish from orcas\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese interactions demonstrate that animal behavior can sometimes extend\nbeyond simple survival instincts, showing compassion or altruism across\nspecies lines\u003csup id=\"fnref:10\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e10\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"conclusion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConclusion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#conclusion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile competition and violence exist in nature, the animal kingdom also\nexhibits numerous examples of cooperation and mutualism\u003csup id=\"fnref:11\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e11\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. These\nrelationships highlight the similarities between animals and humans,\ndemonstrating that different species can work together for mutual\nbenefit or even act altruistically.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"citations-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCitations: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#citations-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"animals-can-work-together-2-arvscidiy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnimals Can Work Together 2 \u003cspan class=\"tag\" tag-name=\"arv\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"smallcaps\"\u003earv\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003eĀ \u003cspan class=\"tag\" tag-name=\"sci\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"smallcaps\"\u003esci\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003eĀ \u003cspan class=\"tag\" tag-name=\"diy\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"smallcaps\"\u003ediy\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#animals-can-work-together-2-arvscidiy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"answer-default-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnswer (Default): \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#answer-default-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe article discusses various examples of animal cooperation and\nmutualistic relationships in nature, challenging the common perception\nof the animal kingdom as purely competitive and ruthless. Here are some\nkey points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"types-of-symbiotic-relationships-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTypes of Symbiotic Relationships \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#types-of-symbiotic-relationships-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are three main types of symbiotic relationships:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommensalistic: One species benefits while the other is unaffected\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParasitic: One species benefits at the expense of the other\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMutualistic: Both species benefit from the interaction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"examples-of-animal-cooperation-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExamples of Animal Cooperation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#examples-of-animal-cooperation-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCoral Grouper and Moray Eel\u003c/strong\u003e Coral groupers recruit moray eels to\nhelp them hunt by using specific body movements to communicate\u003csup id=\"fnref:12\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e12\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The\ngrouper signals the eel to follow and then indicates the location of\nhidden prey. This collaboration increases hunting success rates for both\nspecies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCoyote and Badger\u003c/strong\u003e Coyotes and badgers work together to hunt ground\nsquirrels and prairie dogs\u003csup id=\"fnref:13\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:13\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e13\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The badger digs into burrows while the\ncoyote waits at the exit, covering all escape routes. This teamwork\nimproves hunting success for both animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTarantula and Dotted Humming Frog\u003c/strong\u003e Tarantulas allow dotted humming\nfrogs to live in their burrows\u003csup id=\"fnref:14\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:14\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e14\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The frog gains protection from\npredators, while the tarantula\u0026rsquo;s eggs are protected from ants, which the\nfrogs eat. This mutually beneficial relationship ensures the safety of\nboth species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePistol Shrimp and Goby\u003c/strong\u003e Pistol shrimp and gobies form a lifelong\npartnership\u003csup id=\"fnref:15\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:15\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e15\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. The shrimp builds and maintains burrows, while the\ngoby acts as a lookout due to its superior eyesight. This collaboration\nprovides safety and shelter for both species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"unexpected-interspecies-interactions-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnexpected Interspecies Interactions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#unexpected-interspecies-interactions-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe article also mentions several instances of animals helping other\nspecies without apparent benefit:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn Indian rhesus monkey adopting and caring for a homeless puppy\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA Bornean orangutan rescuing a drowning bird\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA bear saving a drowning crow\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHumpback whales defending smaller fish from orcas\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese interactions demonstrate that animal behavior can sometimes extend\nbeyond simple survival instincts, showing compassion or altruism across\nspecies lines\u003csup id=\"fnref:16\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:16\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e16\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"conclusion-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConclusion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#conclusion-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile competition and violence exist in nature, the animal kingdom also\nexhibits numerous examples of cooperation and mutualism\u003csup id=\"fnref:17\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:17\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e17\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. These\nrelationships highlight the similarities between animals and humans,\ndemonstrating that different species can work together for mutual\nbenefit or even act altruistically.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"citations-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCitations: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#citations-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-are-some-other-examples-of-mutualistic-relationships-between-animals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat are some other examples of mutualistic relationships between animals \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-are-some-other-examples-of-mutualistic-relationships-between-animals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"answer-default-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnswer (Default): \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#answer-default-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are several examples of mutualistic relationships between animals,\nhighlighting the diverse ways in which different species benefit from\neach other:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"oxpecker-and-rhinoceros-or-zebra\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOxpecker and Rhinoceros or Zebra \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#oxpecker-and-rhinoceros-or-zebra\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOxpeckers, a type of bird, land on rhinos or zebras and eat ticks,\nflies, and other parasites from their skin. The oxpeckers gain food,\nwhile the rhinos and zebras receive pest control and warning calls from\nthe oxpeckers when predators are near\u003csup id=\"fnref:18\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:18\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e18\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:19\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:19\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e19\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:20\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:20\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e20\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"clownfish-and-sea-anemone\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eClownfish and Sea Anemone \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#clownfish-and-sea-anemone\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClownfish live within the protective tentacles of sea anemones, which\nare poisonous to most other fish. The clownfish clean the anemone\u0026rsquo;s\ntentacles, keeping them free from parasites and luring prey within the\nanemone\u0026rsquo;s reach. In return, the anemone provides the clownfish with\nprotection from predators\u003csup id=\"fnref:21\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:21\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e21\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:22\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:22\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e22\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:23\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:23\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e23\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"pistol-shrimp-and-goby\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePistol Shrimp and Goby \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pistol-shrimp-and-goby\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePistol shrimp and gobies form a mutualistic relationship where the\nshrimp maintains and digs burrows, while the goby, with its better\nvision, acts as a lookout for predators. The goby alerts the shrimp to\ndanger, and in return, the shrimp provides the goby with a safe place to\nlive\u003csup id=\"fnref:24\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:24\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e24\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:25\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:25\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e25\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:26\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:26\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e26\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"termites-and-intestinal-flagellates\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTermites and Intestinal Flagellates \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#termites-and-intestinal-flagellates\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTermites have intestinal flagellates that help digest the cellulose in\nwood, which the termites consume. The flagellates get a meal, and the\ntermites benefit from the digestion of their food. This is an example of\nobligate mutualism, where neither species can survive without the\nother\u003csup id=\"fnref:27\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:27\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e27\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:28\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:28\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e28\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:29\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:29\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e29\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"acacia-ants-and-bullhorn-acacia\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAcacia Ants and Bullhorn Acacia \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#acacia-ants-and-bullhorn-acacia\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAcacia ants live in the thorns of the bullhorn acacia tree and receive\nfood and shelter. In return, the ants protect the tree from browsing\nanimals and other herbivores. This is another example of obligate\nmutualism\u003csup id=\"fnref:30\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:30\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e30\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"hermit-crabs-and-sea-anemones\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHermit Crabs and Sea Anemones \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#hermit-crabs-and-sea-anemones\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHermit crabs attach sea anemones to their shells, which serve as\nbodyguards, protecting the crabs from predators with their barbed\ntentacles. The anemones benefit from the free ride across the seabed\nprovided by the hermit crabs\u003csup id=\"fnref:31\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:31\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e31\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"colombian-lesserblack-tarantula-and-dotted-humming-frog\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eColombian Lesserblack Tarantula and Dotted Humming Frog \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#colombian-lesserblack-tarantula-and-dotted-humming-frog\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe tarantula allows the frog to live in its burrow, providing the frog\nwith protection from predators. In return, the frog eats carnivorous\nants that threaten the tarantula\u0026rsquo;s eggs\u003csup id=\"fnref:32\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:32\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e32\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"drongos-and-meerkats\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDrongos and Meerkats \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#drongos-and-meerkats\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDrongos act as lookouts for meerkats, warning them of predators. While\nthe drongos sometimes exploit this relationship by raising false alarms\nto steal food from fleeing meerkats, the primary benefit is mutual, with\nmeerkats gaining protection and drongos often receiving genuine warnings\nand occasional food\u003csup id=\"fnref:33\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:33\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e33\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sharks-and-pilot-fish\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSharks and Pilot Fish \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sharks-and-pilot-fish\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePilot fish swim alongside sharks, cleaning parasites and food fragments\nfrom the shark\u0026rsquo;s teeth and skin. In return, the pilot fish receive\nprotection from other predators\u003csup id=\"fnref:34\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:34\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e34\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"coyote-and-badger\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCoyote and Badger \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#coyote-and-badger\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCoyotes and badgers hunt together, with the badger digging into burrows\nand the coyote waiting outside to catch fleeing prey. This cooperation\nincreases the hunting success for both species\u003csup id=\"fnref:35\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:35\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e35\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"spider-crab-and-algae\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSpider Crab and Algae \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#spider-crab-and-algae\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpider crabs have algae living on their backs, which provides\ncamouflage, protecting the crabs from predators. The algae benefit from\na stable and protected environment to live and grow\u003csup id=\"fnref:36\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:36\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e36\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup id=\"fnref:37\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#fn:37\" class=\"footnote-ref\" role=\"doc-noteref\"\u003e37\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese examples illustrate the varied and often intricate ways in which\ndifferent animal species can benefit from each other through mutualistic\nrelationships.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"citations-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCitations: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#citations-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\" role=\"doc-endnotes\"\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:1\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:1\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:2\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:2\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:3\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:3\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:4\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:4\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:5\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:5\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:6\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:6\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:7\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:7\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:8\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:8\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:9\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:9\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:10\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:10\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:11\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:11\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:12\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:12\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:13\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:13\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:14\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:14\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:15\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:15\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:16\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:16\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:17\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:17\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:18\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Mutualistic Relationships - New England Complex Systems\nInstitute](\u003ca href=\"https://necsi.edu/mutualistic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://necsi.edu/mutualistic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:18\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:19\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Mutualism: Symbiotic Relationships -\nThoughtCo](\u003ca href=\"https://www.thoughtco.com/mutualism-symbiotic-relationships-4109634\"\u003ehttps://www.thoughtco.com/mutualism-symbiotic-relationships-4109634\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:19\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:20\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Mutualism | Types, Examples, \u0026amp; Facts -\nBritannica](\u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/science/mutualism-biology\"\u003ehttps://www.britannica.com/science/mutualism-biology\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:20\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:21\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[10 Mutualism Examples -\nYouTube](\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRn62gtgntY\"\u003ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRn62gtgntY\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:21\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:22\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Mutualism: Symbiotic Relationships -\nThoughtCo](\u003ca href=\"https://www.thoughtco.com/mutualism-symbiotic-relationships-4109634\"\u003ehttps://www.thoughtco.com/mutualism-symbiotic-relationships-4109634\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:22\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:23\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Mutualism | Types, Examples, \u0026amp; Facts -\nBritannica](\u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/science/mutualism-biology\"\u003ehttps://www.britannica.com/science/mutualism-biology\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:23\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:24\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:24\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:25\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[10 Mutualism Examples -\nYouTube](\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRn62gtgntY\"\u003ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRn62gtgntY\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:25\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:26\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Mutualism: Symbiotic Relationships -\nThoughtCo](\u003ca href=\"https://www.thoughtco.com/mutualism-symbiotic-relationships-4109634\"\u003ehttps://www.thoughtco.com/mutualism-symbiotic-relationships-4109634\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:26\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:27\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[10 Mutualism Examples -\nYouTube](\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRn62gtgntY\"\u003ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRn62gtgntY\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:27\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:28\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Mutualism | Types, Examples, \u0026amp; Facts -\nBritannica](\u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/science/mutualism-biology\"\u003ehttps://www.britannica.com/science/mutualism-biology\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:28\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:29\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Symbiotic relationships in ecology - Wild Earth\nLab](\u003ca href=\"https://wildearthlab.com/2022/09/28/symbiotic-relationships/\"\u003ehttps://wildearthlab.com/2022/09/28/symbiotic-relationships/\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:29\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:30\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Mutualism | Types, Examples, \u0026amp; Facts -\nBritannica](\u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/science/mutualism-biology\"\u003ehttps://www.britannica.com/science/mutualism-biology\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:30\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:31\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:31\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:32\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:32\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:33\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:33\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:34\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:34\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:35\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[6 Surprising Symbiotic Relationships - Wildlife\nWoods](\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\"\u003ehttps://wildlifewoods.net/blog/2018/8/23/6-surprising-symbiotic-relationships\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:35\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:36\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[10 Mutualism Examples -\nYouTube](\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRn62gtgntY\"\u003ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRn62gtgntY\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:36\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli id=\"fn:37\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Mutualism | Types, Examples, \u0026amp; Facts -\nBritannica](\u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/science/mutualism-biology\"\u003ehttps://www.britannica.com/science/mutualism-biology\u003c/a\u003e)\u0026#160;\u003ca href=\"#fnref:37\" class=\"footnote-backref\" role=\"doc-backlink\"\u003e\u0026#x21a9;\u0026#xfe0e;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e" }, { "title": "Rabbitats", "date_published": "2024-10-13T18:17:48-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-10-13T18:17:48-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/rabbitats/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/rabbitats/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe Rabbitats Rescue Society houses abandoned domestic rabbits in indoor\nand outdoor habitats.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey are a well-organized, efficient group with volunteer, adoption, and\nfostering programs. Additionally, they provide humane solutions to feral\nrabbit management. They are a CRA registered charity and will put your\ntax creditable donation to good use!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost importantly they don\u0026rsquo;t just provide solutions, they try to\neliminate the problem by lobbying for\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003erabbit sale controls\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eguardian registry and education\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003espay/neuter clinics\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eanti-dumping laws with heavy fines\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is an excellent organization and you can learn more about them at\n\u003ca href=\"https://rabbitats.org\"\u003eRabbitats\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "File Analysis", "date_published": "2024-09-07T15:19:55-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-09-07T15:19:55-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/aibots/perplexity/file-analysis/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/aibots/perplexity/file-analysis/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePP allows users to upload an unlimited number of files, including PDFs,\nCSVs, PNGs, and analyze them using cutting-edge AI models to extract\ninsights, ask questions about specific content, and leverage the AI\u0026rsquo;s\ncapabilities to work with your uploaded files in various ways. After\nhighlighting the \u003cem\u003eCapabilities\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eSummarization\u003c/em\u003e features generally,\nwe examine several documents through PP to see just how well it\nperforms. Note that PP will utilize not only the documents uploaded\n(maximum 4), but if the need arises, it will gather relevant information\nfrom the web as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"capabilities\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCapabilities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#capabilities\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerplexity Pro\u0026rsquo;s file upload and analysis feature offers several\ncapabilities for working with uploaded documents:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDocument Analysis\u003c/strong\u003e: You can upload textual files like PDFs, plain\ntext, or code files up to 25 MB in size. Perplexity can then analyze\nthe content of these documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMultiple File Uploads\u003c/strong\u003e: You can upload up to 4 files at once,\nallowing you to work with multiple documents simultaneously.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eContextual Awareness\u003c/strong\u003e: When you upload a file and start a new\nthread, Perplexity maintains contextual awareness of the file\u0026rsquo;s\ncontents for follow-up questions within that thread.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExtraction of Key Information\u003c/strong\u003e: For longer files, Perplexity\nextracts the most important parts to provide relevant responses to\nyour queries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVersatile Applications\u003c/strong\u003e: The file upload feature can benefit\nvarious user groups:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eResearchers\u003c/em\u003e can extract key insights and summarize findings from\nacademic papers\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eStudents\u003c/em\u003e can get explanations of complex topics and summarize\ntexts\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eProfessionals\u003c/em\u003e can analyze business reports and technical manuals\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eDevelopers\u003c/em\u003e can upload code files for explanations and debugging\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eWriters\u003c/em\u003e can proofread documents and get feedback on drafts\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrivacy\u003c/strong\u003e: Uploaded files remain private and are only used to\ncustomize responses to your questions. They are not accessed or\nshared for other purposes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFile Retention\u003c/strong\u003e: Uploaded files are retained for 30 days, after\nwhich the file contents will no longer be accessible for follow-ups.\nHowever, the context of previous questions and answers in that\nthread is maintained.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdvanced Model Support\u003c/strong\u003e: Pro subscribers can leverage advanced\nmodels like Claude 3 and GPT-4 to handle longer files and perform\nmore complex analyses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUnlimited Uploads\u003c/strong\u003e: While free users are limited to 3 file\nuploads per day, Pro subscribers can upload unlimited files daily\n(at least 100).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegration with Pro Search\u003c/strong\u003e: By default, the search will only\nuse the uploaded file as a source. However, Pro users can enable web\nbrowsing to combine file analysis with internet search capabilities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith these features, you can effectively use Perplexity Pro to analyze\ndocuments, extract insights, ask questions about specific content, and\nleverage the AI\u0026rsquo;s capabilities to work with your uploaded files in\nvarious ways.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"summarization\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSummarization \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summarization\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePP is quite effective at summarizing complex articles, though it has\nboth strengths and limitations compared to other AI summarization tools:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey strengths of Perplexity AI for summarization:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eComprehensive summaries: Perplexity AI tends to provide more\ndetailed and nuanced summaries, especially for technical or complex\ntopics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStructured output: It often uses clear structures with headers,\nbullet points, or numbered lists, enhancing readability.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eContextual awareness: Perplexity maintains contextual awareness of\nuploaded file contents, allowing for follow-up questions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntegration with web search: Pro users can combine file analysis\nwith internet search capabilities for more comprehensive answers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitation and sourcing: Perplexity integrates citations directly\nwithin the text, making it easier to evaluate credibility and track\ndown sources.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLimitations or areas where other tools may have an advantage:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConciseness: Tools like ChatGPT GPT-4o may produce shorter summaries\nwhile still capturing essential information.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccessibility: During one trial, Perplexity AI Pro couldn\u0026rsquo;t access\n25% of articles, compared to 17% for ChatGPT.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecialized focus: Some tools like ShortForm are specifically\ndesigned for book summaries, which may give them an edge in that\nparticular area.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, Perplexity AI seems to excel in providing comprehensive,\nwell-structured summaries of complex articles. Its ability to integrate\nweb searches, maintain context, and provide citations makes it\nparticularly useful for in-depth research and understanding. However,\nthe choice between Perplexity AI and other summarization tools may\ndepend on specific needs - whether you\u0026rsquo;re looking for quick overviews or\nmore detailed analyses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ranjana-doctoral-dissertation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRanjana Doctoral Dissertation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ranjana-doctoral-dissertation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a 501 page pdf document submitted for Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s Doctorate of\nSocial Science. Here is the link to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai/search/summarize-the-attached-pdf-i-w-6ZSVAF1TTzyrHrH.jphLQA\"\u003ePP\nthread\u003c/a\u003e.\nSome of the prompts were suggested by PP while others were independently\nconstructed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSummary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis dissertation titled \u0026ldquo;Linking Animals, Social Justice and Social\nWork\u0026rdquo; by Ranjana Basu explores the connection between animal welfare,\nsocial justice, and the field of social work. Here are the key points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe research aims to raise awareness about speciesism\n(discrimination against animals) among social workers and reshape\ntheir relationships with animals encountered in practice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt argues that speciesism is a social justice issue that social work\nshould address, given the profession\u0026rsquo;s commitment to social justice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe study uses participatory action research methodology, working\nwith animal advocates to develop an educational module for social\nworkers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe module challenges human exceptionalism by highlighting animal\nagency and caring behaviors among animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter education and networking, social workers showed a stronger\nconnection to animals in their practice and an expanded sense of\nsocial justice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe research points to social work\u0026rsquo;s role in maintaining the\nanimal-human boundary and keeping animals conceptually invisible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt recommends that social work recognize \u0026ldquo;trans-species social\njustice\u0026rdquo; and make animals more visible in the profession.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe dissertation provides extensive background on social work\nhistory, values, and current challenges, especially related to\nneoliberalism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt argues that considering animal welfare aligns with social work\u0026rsquo;s\ncore value of social justice and is relevant to many areas of\npractice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe research suggests education, professional support, and\ngrassroots mobilization to drive change in social work institutions\nregarding animal welfare.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe dissertation makes a case for expanding social work\u0026rsquo;s conception of\nsocial justice to include animals, arguing this is consistent with the\nprofession\u0026rsquo;s values and relevant to practice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-are-the-key-findings-and-recommendations\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat are the key findings and recommendations? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-are-the-key-findings-and-recommendations\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on my review of the dissertation, some of the key findings and\nrecommendations include:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter education and networking, social workers showed a stronger\nconnection to animals in their practice and an expanded sense of\nsocial justice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe research points to social work\u0026rsquo;s role in maintaining the\nanimal-human boundary and keeping animals conceptually invisible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt recommends that social work recognize \u0026ldquo;trans-species social\njustice\u0026rdquo; and make animals more visible in the profession.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe study suggests education, professional support, and grassroots\nmobilization to drive change in social work institutions regarding\nanimal welfare.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt argues that considering animal welfare aligns with social work\u0026rsquo;s\ncore value of social justice and is relevant to many areas of\npractice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe research found that the moral norm of social justice was an\nimportant influence in making participants more willing to advocate\nfor animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt recommends education about speciesism and consideration of animal\nwellbeing in social work practice and education.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe study suggests professional organizations should support a\ncommunity of practice related to inclusion of animals in social\nwork.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt recommends grassroots mobilization to propel change in social\nwork institutions regarding animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe research makes a case for expanding social work\u0026rsquo;s conception of\nsocial justice to include animals, arguing this is consistent with\nthe profession\u0026rsquo;s values and relevant to practice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitations:\u003cbr\u003e\n[1]\n\u003ca href=\"https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\"\u003ehttps://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[2] \u003ca href=\"https://animalsandsocialwork.info.yorku.ca\"\u003ehttps://animalsandsocialwork.info.yorku.ca\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[3]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.viurrspace.ca/server/api/core/bitstreams/f1710a0c-6c87-4b63-a41d-9ebe17ffb05a/content\"\u003ehttps://www.viurrspace.ca/server/api/core/bitstreams/f1710a0c-6c87-4b63-a41d-9ebe17ffb05a/content\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[4] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7474507/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7474507/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[5]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.787555/full\"\u003ehttps://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.787555/full\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[6] \u003ca href=\"https://bnbasu.com/reviews/\"\u003ehttps://bnbasu.com/reviews/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[7] \u003ca href=\"https://core.ac.uk/download/344926058.pdf\"\u003ehttps://core.ac.uk/download/344926058.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[8]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.sshrc-crsh.gc.ca/results-resultats/recipients-recipiendaires/2021/idg-sds-eng.aspx\"\u003ehttps://www.sshrc-crsh.gc.ca/results-resultats/recipients-recipiendaires/2021/idg-sds-eng.aspx\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[9]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.viurrspace.ca/items/38a71a64-4c79-40fa-b0e7-302707b036a8\"\u003ehttps://www.viurrspace.ca/items/38a71a64-4c79-40fa-b0e7-302707b036a8\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-are-the-potential-contributions-of-this-project-to-social-work\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat are the potential contributions of this project to social work? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-are-the-potential-contributions-of-this-project-to-social-work\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on my review of the dissertation, this research project has\nseveral potential contributions to social work:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRaising awareness about speciesism and animal welfare as social\njustice issues that are relevant to social work practice and values.\nThe research aims to expand social workers\u0026rsquo; conception of social\njustice to include animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDeveloping and testing an educational module to teach social workers\nabout animal welfare issues and how they connect to social work.\nThis could provide a model for incorporating animal-related content\ninto social work education and training.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExploring how education and networking impacts social workers'\nwillingness to advocate for animals. This provides insight into\neffective strategies for engaging social workers on this issue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHighlighting the connections between animal welfare and other social\njustice issues that social workers already address, such as domestic\nviolence, child welfare, and environmental justice. This\ndemonstrates the relevance of animal welfare to existing social work\npractice areas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEncouraging social workers to consider animals in assessments,\ninterventions, and policy advocacy. The research aims to reshape\nsocial workers\u0026rsquo; relationships with animals encountered in practice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExpanding social work\u0026rsquo;s understanding of oppression and\nintersectionality by incorporating speciesism alongside other forms\nof oppression.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChallenging anthropocentrism in social work theory and practice by\npromoting a more holistic view that includes animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProviding recommendations for how social work education,\norganizations, and grassroots efforts can better incorporate animal\nwelfare considerations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eContributing to the growing body of scholarship on human-animal\nrelationships in social work and promoting further research in this\narea.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAligning social work more closely with changing societal attitudes\nabout animal welfare and rights.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn essence, this research aims to expand social work\u0026rsquo;s scope to include\nanimals as subjects of ethical consideration and social justice, with\nimplications for education, practice, policy, and the profession\u0026rsquo;s\noverall orientation. The goal is to make animals more visible within\nsocial work\u0026rsquo;s purview.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitations:\u003cbr\u003e\n[1]\n\u003ca href=\"https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\"\u003ehttps://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[2] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7474507/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7474507/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[3] \u003ca href=\"https://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\"\u003ehttps://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[4]\n\u003ca href=\"https://humaneactionpittsburgh.org/the-intersection-of-social-work-and-animal-welfare/\"\u003ehttps://humaneactionpittsburgh.org/the-intersection-of-social-work-and-animal-welfare/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[5]\n\u003ca href=\"https://ojs.uwindsor.ca/index.php/csw/article/download/5873/4856?inline=1\"\u003ehttps://ojs.uwindsor.ca/index.php/csw/article/download/5873/4856?inline=1\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[6]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.viurrspace.ca/items/38a71a64-4c79-40fa-b0e7-302707b036a8\"\u003ehttps://www.viurrspace.ca/items/38a71a64-4c79-40fa-b0e7-302707b036a8\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[7] \u003ca href=\"https://animalsandsocialwork.info.yorku.ca\"\u003ehttps://animalsandsocialwork.info.yorku.ca\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-are-some-examples-of-animal-abuse-discussed-in-the-dissertation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat are some examples of animal abuse discussed in the dissertation? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-are-some-examples-of-animal-abuse-discussed-in-the-dissertation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe dissertation discusses several examples of animal abuse and\nexploitation, including:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOver 100 million animals killed for research experiments each year in\nthe United States, with 4.5 million used for research in Canada in\n2019, many subjected to moderate to severe distress.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4 billion land animals slaughtered in the Canadian food industry and\nover 49 billion killed in the US in 2020 alone for food production.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbuse of companion animals in homes, often linked to domestic violence\nagainst women and children.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFactory farming practices that confine animals in cramped, unnatural\nconditions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUse of animals for entertainment in circuses, zoos, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFur farming and trapping of animals for their fur.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal testing for cosmetics and other products.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExploitation of animals in industrial agriculture.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeparation of calves from their mothers in dairy farming.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe dissertation argues that these practices reflect widespread\nspeciesism and the oppression of animals in society. It calls for social\nworkers to recognize this as a social justice issue and incorporate\nconcern for animal welfare into their practice and ethics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitations:\u003cbr\u003e\n[1]\n\u003ca href=\"https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\"\u003ehttps://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[2] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7474507/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7474507/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[3] \u003ca href=\"https://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\"\u003ehttps://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[4]\n\u003ca href=\"https://ojs.uwindsor.ca/index.php/csw/article/download/5873/4856?inline=1\"\u003ehttps://ojs.uwindsor.ca/index.php/csw/article/download/5873/4856?inline=1\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[5]\n\u003ca href=\"https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=15925\u0026amp;context=dissertations\"\u003ehttps://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=15925\u0026amp;context=dissertations\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[6] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7246522/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7246522/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[7]\n\u003ca href=\"https://humaneactionpittsburgh.org/the-intersection-of-social-work-and-animal-welfare/\"\u003ehttps://humaneactionpittsburgh.org/the-intersection-of-social-work-and-animal-welfare/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"how-does-animal-cruelty-indicate-potential-human-violence\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow does animal cruelty indicate potential human violence? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-does-animal-cruelty-indicate-potential-human-violence\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are several ways that animal cruelty has been linked to potential\nhuman violence:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCo-occurrence of animal abuse and family violence: Studies have\nfound that animal abuse often occurs in homes where there is\ndomestic violence, child abuse, or elder abuse. The abuse of animals\nmay be used as a way to control, intimidate or punish family\nmembers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal abuse as a predictor of future violence: Research has shown\nthat individuals who engage in animal cruelty, especially as\nchildren or adolescents, are more likely to commit violent acts\nagainst humans later in life. It can be an early indicator of\nantisocial behavior.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal abuse as part of the cycle of violence: Those who witness or\nexperience violence, including animal abuse, as children are more\nlikely to engage in violent behavior themselves as adults.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDesensitization to violence: Repeatedly harming animals may\ndesensitize an individual to the suffering of others and make it\neasier to engage in violence against humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShared underlying factors: Animal cruelty and interpersonal violence\nmay stem from similar psychological and environmental risk factors\nlike lack of empathy, poor impulse control, and exposure to\nviolence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUse of animals to rehearse violence: Some perpetrators may\n\u0026ldquo;practice\u0026rdquo; on animals before moving on to human victims.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal abuse as part of a pattern of control and intimidation:\nAbusers may threaten or harm pets as a way to exert power and\ncontrol over human victims.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile not all animal abusers go on to harm humans, animal cruelty is\nconsidered a red flag that may indicate a propensity for other violent\nbehavior. This link has led many professionals to view animal abuse as a\nserious issue that warrants intervention and as a potential warning sign\nfor other forms of violence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitations:\u003cbr\u003e\n[1]\n\u003ca href=\"https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\"\u003ehttps://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[2] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7246522/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7246522/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[3]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.animallaw.info/article/link-cruelty-animals-and-violence-towards-people\"\u003ehttps://www.animallaw.info/article/link-cruelty-animals-and-violence-towards-people\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[4]\n\u003ca href=\"https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=15925\u0026amp;context=dissertations\"\u003ehttps://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=15925\u0026amp;context=dissertations\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[5]\n\u003ca href=\"https://animalcare.lacounty.gov/the-link-between-animal-abuse-and-human-violence-understanding-the-complex-connection/\"\u003ehttps://animalcare.lacounty.gov/the-link-between-animal-abuse-and-human-violence-understanding-the-complex-connection/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[6] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9024712/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9024712/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[7]\n\u003ca href=\"https://aldf.org/article/the-link-between-cruelty-to-animals-and-violence-toward-humans-2/\"\u003ehttps://aldf.org/article/the-link-between-cruelty-to-animals-and-violence-toward-humans-2/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[8] \u003ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781119894131.ch16\"\u003ehttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781119894131.ch16\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"how-can-social-workers-address-clients-animal-care-concerns-effectively\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow can social workers address clients\u0026rsquo; animal care concerns effectively? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-can-social-workers-address-clients-animal-care-concerns-effectively\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on the dissertation, there are several ways social workers can\neffectively address clients\u0026rsquo; animal care concerns:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInclude questions about companion animals in assessments and\nconsider their wellbeing as part of the family system. The\ndissertation notes that over 56% of Canadian households have\ncompanion animals, so it\u0026rsquo;s likely many clients will have pets.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLink clients to resources that can help them care for their\ncompanion animals when needed. This could include pet food banks,\nlow-cost veterinary care, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReport suspected animal abuse to local animal protection\nauthorities. The dissertation discusses the link between animal\nabuse and other forms of family violence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnsure the wellbeing of animals is paramount in any animal-assisted\ninterventions or therapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDevelop organizational policies and resources to support social\nworkers in attending to animal welfare, such as databases of\ncommunity animal support services.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdvocate for policies and programs that allow people to keep their\npets when accessing social services (e.g. domestic violence shelters\nthat accommodate pets).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnderstand the human-animal bond and its importance to clients'\nwellbeing. The dissertation notes the HAB can provide emotional\nsupport, reduce anxiety, and improve health outcomes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTake a \u0026ldquo;more-than-human\u0026rdquo; approach to understanding family systems\nthat includes companion animals as family members.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsider how institutional forces and policies related to animals\nmay impact clients, especially vulnerable groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncorporate education on animal welfare and human-animal\nrelationships into social work training and professional\ndevelopment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe key is to recognize animals as part of clients\u0026rsquo; social environments\nand family systems, and to consider their wellbeing as interconnected\nwith human wellbeing when providing services and interventions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitations:\u003cbr\u003e\n[1]\n\u003ca href=\"https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\"\u003ehttps://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[2] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7474507/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7474507/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[3] \u003ca href=\"https://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\"\u003ehttps://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[4] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8631323/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8631323/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[5] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9024712/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9024712/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-community-resources-can-social-workers-use-to-address-clients-animal-care-concerns\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat community resources can social workers use to address clients\u0026rsquo; animal care concerns? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-community-resources-can-social-workers-use-to-address-clients-animal-care-concerns\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on the dissertation, there are several community resources social\nworkers can use to address clients\u0026rsquo; animal care concerns:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePet food banks and low-cost veterinary care services to help clients\ncare for their companion animals when needed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLocal animal protection authorities to report suspected animal\nabuse.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDomestic violence shelters that accommodate pets, allowing victims\nto leave abusive situations without abandoning their animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDatabases of community animal support services that social workers\ncan refer to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegional animal support organizations and local animal shelters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResources to help homeless clients care for their companion animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal-assisted therapy and intervention programs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVeterinary social work services, where available.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCommunity education programs about the link between animal abuse and\nfamily violence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal welfare organizations that can provide information and\nsupport.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe dissertation recommends that social work organizations develop\nresources to support social workers in attending to the wellbeing of\nnonhuman animals in their practice, including relevant professional\ndevelopment opportunities and databases of community animal support\nservices. It also suggests social workers can help link clients to\nresources that will assist them in caring for their companion animals\nwhen appropriate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitations:\u003cbr\u003e\n[1]\n\u003ca href=\"https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\"\u003ehttps://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[2] \u003ca href=\"https://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\"\u003ehttps://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[3]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.torontohumanesociety.com/the-vital-role-of-social-work-in-animal-welfare/\"\u003ehttps://www.torontohumanesociety.com/the-vital-role-of-social-work-in-animal-welfare/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[4] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8631323/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8631323/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[5]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.humananimalsupportservices.org/blog/animal-shelter-hired-veterinary-social-worker/\"\u003ehttps://www.humananimalsupportservices.org/blog/animal-shelter-hired-veterinary-social-worker/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[6] \u003ca href=\"https://www.humananimalsupportservices.org\"\u003ehttps://www.humananimalsupportservices.org\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"how-can-social-workers-help-clients-facing-economic-crises-keep-their-pets\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow can social workers help clients facing economic crises keep their pets? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-can-social-workers-help-clients-facing-economic-crises-keep-their-pets\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are some ways social workers can help clients facing economic\ncrises keep their pets:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnect clients to pet food banks or low-cost pet food resources in\nthe community. Many areas have programs that provide free or\ndiscounted pet food to owners in need.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHelp clients access low-cost or free veterinary care through local\nclinics, shelters, or veterinary schools that offer discounted\nservices.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAssist clients in applying for temporary fostering programs that can\nprovide short-term care for pets while owners get back on their feet\nfinancially.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnect clients to organizations that offer financial assistance for\npet care expenses during times of hardship.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHelp clients explore options like pet-sitting exchanges or community\npet care co-ops to reduce costs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdvocate with landlords or housing providers to allow pets or waive\npet fees/deposits for clients facing housing insecurity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvide referrals to low-cost spay/neuter services to prevent\nunwanted litters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHelp clients create a budget that prioritizes essential pet care\ncosts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnect clients to resources for affordable pet supplies like beds,\ncrates, leashes, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExplore options for temporary boarding or care if a client needs to\nenter a shelter or treatment program that doesn\u0026rsquo;t allow pets.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAssist clients in researching and applying for pet-friendly housing\noptions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdvocate with local shelters to provide temporary housing for pets\nof clients entering treatment or fleeing domestic violence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe key is to be aware of pet-related resources in the community and\nhelp clients access them to reduce the financial burden of pet ownership\nduring difficult times. Social workers can also advocate for more\npet-inclusive social services and policies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitations:\u003cbr\u003e\n[1]\n\u003ca href=\"https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\"\u003ehttps://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[2]\n\u003ca href=\"https://scholarworks.smith.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1810\u0026amp;context=theses\"\u003ehttps://scholarworks.smith.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1810\u0026amp;context=theses\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[3]\n\u003ca href=\"https://ojs.uwindsor.ca/index.php/csw/article/download/5873/4856?inline=1\"\u003ehttps://ojs.uwindsor.ca/index.php/csw/article/download/5873/4856?inline=1\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[4] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8631323/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8631323/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[5]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.thesocialworkgraduate.com/post/veterinary-social-work\"\u003ehttps://www.thesocialworkgraduate.com/post/veterinary-social-work\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[6] \u003ca href=\"https://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\"\u003ehttps://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[7]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/animal-assisted-therapy-veterinary-social-work-social-work-with-people-pets-in-crisis/\"\u003ehttps://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/animal-assisted-therapy-veterinary-social-work-social-work-with-people-pets-in-crisis/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[8]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.torontohumanesociety.com/the-vital-role-of-social-work-in-animal-welfare/\"\u003ehttps://www.torontohumanesociety.com/the-vital-role-of-social-work-in-animal-welfare/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"how-can-social-workers-influence-animal-related-change-within-their-profession\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow can social workers influence animal-related change within their profession? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-can-social-workers-influence-animal-related-change-within-their-profession\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on the dissertation, there are several ways social workers can\ninfluence animal-related change within their profession:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEducation and awareness-raising: Social workers can advocate for\nincluding content on animal welfare and human-animal relationships\nin social work education and professional development. The research\nfound education was effective in expanding social workers\u0026rsquo; sense of\nsocial justice to include animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncorporating animals in practice: Social workers can start\nincluding questions about companion animals in assessments and\nconsidering animal welfare in interventions, even without formal\ntraining. This can help normalize considering animals in practice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdvocacy within professional organizations: Social workers can push\nprofessional associations and regulatory bodies to recognize the\nrelevance of animals to social work practice and develop related\npolicies and guidelines.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDeveloping resources: Social workers can create resources to support\ncolleagues in attending to animal welfare, such as databases of\nanimal support services.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResearch: Conducting and disseminating research on the intersections\nof animal welfare and social work can build the knowledge base and\nrationale for inclusion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGrassroots mobilization: The research recommends grassroots efforts\nto propel change in social work institutions regarding animals.\nSocial workers can organize to advocate for this issue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExpanding social justice frameworks: Social workers can promote\nexpanding social work\u0026rsquo;s conception of social justice to include\nanimals, arguing this aligns with core values.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterdisciplinary collaboration: Partnering with veterinarians,\nanimal welfare organizations, and others can strengthen efforts to\nincorporate animal welfare in social work.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePolicy development: Social workers can help develop organizational\nand social policies that consider and protect animal wellbeing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eModeling change: By incorporating concern for animals in their own\npractice, social workers can demonstrate its relevance and\nfeasibility to colleagues.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe key is raising awareness, advocating for formal recognition and\nresources, and normalizing consideration of animals within social work\u0026rsquo;s\nexisting frameworks and values. Grassroots efforts by practitioners\nappear particularly important for driving institutional change.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitations:\u003cbr\u003e\n[1]\n\u003ca href=\"https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\"\u003ehttps://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[2] \u003ca href=\"https://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\"\u003ehttps://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[3]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.torontohumanesociety.com/the-vital-role-of-social-work-in-animal-welfare/\"\u003ehttps://www.torontohumanesociety.com/the-vital-role-of-social-work-in-animal-welfare/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[4] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8631323/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8631323/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[5] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6997439/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6997439/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[6]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.viurrspace.ca/items/38a71a64-4c79-40fa-b0e7-302707b036a8\"\u003ehttps://www.viurrspace.ca/items/38a71a64-4c79-40fa-b0e7-302707b036a8\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[7]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/animal-assisted-therapy-veterinary-social-work-social-work-with-people-pets-in-crisis/\"\u003ehttps://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/animal-assisted-therapy-veterinary-social-work-social-work-with-people-pets-in-crisis/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"why-must-social-workers-take-into-account-animal-rights-in-their-practice\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhy must social workers take into account animal rights in their practice? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#why-must-social-workers-take-into-account-animal-rights-in-their-practice\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on the dissertation, there are several key reasons why social\nworkers should take animal rights into account in their practice:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSocial justice is a core value of social work, and animal\nrights/welfare has been identified as a social justice issue. The\ndissertation argues that to be consistent with social work\u0026rsquo;s\ncommitment to social justice, the profession needs to expand its\nconception to include animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are many connections between animal welfare and issues social\nworkers already address, such as:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe link between animal abuse and family violence/child welfare\nconcerns\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe impact of pet ownership on access to services for vulnerable\npopulations (e.g. homeless individuals, domestic violence victims)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe therapeutic benefits of human-animal bonds\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA large percentage of households have companion animals that are\nconsidered family members. Understanding these relationships is\nimportant for assessing family systems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSociety\u0026rsquo;s attitudes about animal welfare are changing, and social\nwork needs to evolve to remain relevant and responsive to emerging\nconcerns.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsidering animal welfare aligns with social work\u0026rsquo;s\nperson-in-environment perspective and existing theoretical\nframeworks like anti-oppressive practice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAttending to animal welfare can provide insight into intersecting\noppressions and a deeper understanding of social justice issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome social workers are already incorporating animals into practice,\nbut without formal training or guidelines. The profession needs to\nacknowledge and support this work.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExpanding social work\u0026rsquo;s scope to include animals is consistent with\nthe field\u0026rsquo;s historical roots in animal welfare work.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn essence, the dissertation argues that considering animal welfare is\nboth ethically consistent with social work values and practically\nrelevant to many areas of social work practice and education.\nIncorporating animal rights would allow social workers to provide more\nholistic, effective interventions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitations:\u003cbr\u003e\n[1]\n\u003ca href=\"https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\"\u003ehttps://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/25307/Basu_royalroadsdoc_1313E_10101.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[2] \u003ca href=\"https://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\"\u003ehttps://jswve.org/volume-20/issue-2/item-06/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[3] \u003ca href=\"https://animalsandsocialwork.info.yorku.ca\"\u003ehttps://animalsandsocialwork.info.yorku.ca\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[4] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7474507/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7474507/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[5] \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9024712/\"\u003ehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9024712/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[6]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.viurrspace.ca/items/38a71a64-4c79-40fa-b0e7-302707b036a8\"\u003ehttps://www.viurrspace.ca/items/38a71a64-4c79-40fa-b0e7-302707b036a8\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"kyron-masters-submission\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eKyron Masters Submission \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#kyron-masters-submission\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a 99 page pdf document submitted for Krona\u0026rsquo;s Master of Arts.\nHere is the link to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai/search/summarize-the-attached-documen-h_cF6Db7Tl2cC01W2VqGYA\"\u003ePP\nthread\u003c/a\u003e.\nMost of the research is done from the document itself, so PP doesn\u0026rsquo;t\nventure onto the net much. While there is no reference to this analysis,\nseveral concrete examples are presented in Kyron\u0026rsquo;s \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ictvity/music/kyron-recitals/#headline-2\"\u003evideo\nlecture\u003c/a\u003e\non his thesis topic, that readers may find useful.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSummary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis document is a master\u0026rsquo;s thesis by Kyron Basu titled \u0026ldquo;Phonetic\nJourney: Sound in Singable Translations\u0026rdquo; from the University of Victoria\nin 2020. The thesis explores the role of phonetics in creating singable\ntranslations of vocal music, particularly focusing on German lieder\ntranslated into English.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe author argues that the phonetic properties of a poem serve a\nmusical function and should be given equal consideration to semantic\ncontent when translating songs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe develops a theory called Expressive Phonetic Mapping (EPM) to\ndescribe and translate phonetic features of musical significance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thesis analyzes existing translations of Franz Schubert\u0026rsquo;s\nWinterreise by Harold Heiberg and Jeremy Sams using EPM.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt demonstrates how modifications to speech sounds at critical\nmoments can enhance the expressiveness and coherence of\ntranslations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe author creates an original singable translation of Hugo Wolf\u0026rsquo;s\n\u0026ldquo;Fussreise\u0026rdquo; combining EPM with Peter Low\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;Pentathlon Principle\u0026rdquo; of\ntranslation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thesis argues that singable translation is an interpretive act,\nsimilar to musical arrangement, reflecting the translator\u0026rsquo;s\nunderstanding of a work.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt concludes by drawing parallels between singable translations and\nmusical arrangements, suggesting both are forms of criticism and\ninterpretation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document includes detailed linguistic and musical analysis, as well\nas discussions of translation theory and practice. It aims to extend\nexisting translation theories by integrating phonetic considerations\ninto the methodology of creating singable translations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-is-the-argument-presented-that-the-phonetic-properties-of-a-poem-are-just-as-important-as-the-semantic-content\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat is the argument presented that the phonetic properties of a poem are just as important as the semantic content? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-is-the-argument-presented-that-the-phonetic-properties-of-a-poem-are-just-as-important-as-the-semantic-content\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thesis argues that the phonetic properties of a poem serve an\nimportant musical function and should be given equal consideration to\nsemantic content when translating songs. Specifically:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe author contends that \u0026ldquo;the phonetic sounds of a poem serve a\nmusical function which is, in many cases, intimately bound to a\ncomposer\u0026rsquo;s setting of that poem.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe proposes that \u0026ldquo;the phonetic properties of a poem are important\nexpressive devices that should be given equal consideration to\nsemantic content.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thesis aims to extend existing translation theories by\n\u0026ldquo;integrating phonetics into their methodology\u0026rdquo; and considering \u0026ldquo;how\nthe quality of translations can be improved by giving attention to\nthe vocal sounds used, and how those sounds relate to the underlying\nmusic.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe author develops a theory called Expressive Phonetic Mapping\n(EPM) to describe and translate phonetic features of musical\nsignificance in vocal music.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe argues that modifications to speech sounds at critical moments\ncan enhance the expressiveness and coherence of translations, often\nwith minimal change to semantic information.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thesis demonstrates how phonetic considerations can complement\nexisting translation approaches that focus primarily on meaning and\npoetic structure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, the central argument is that the sounds and physical properties\nof the words themselves are just as crucial to the musical expression as\ntheir literal meaning, and should be carefully considered in singable\ntranslations of vocal music.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-examples-are-given-to-support-the-importance-of-phonetic-properties-in-poetry\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat examples are given to support the importance of phonetic properties in poetry? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-examples-are-given-to-support-the-importance-of-phonetic-properties-in-poetry\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thesis provides several examples to support the importance of\nphonetic properties in poetry and song translations:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn Schubert\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;Gute Nacht\u0026rdquo; from Winterreise:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author notes a tendency towards open/back vowels in the rhyme\nendings of the first four lines of stanzas 1-3, which correlates well\nwith Schubert\u0026rsquo;s descending melodic line and creates a dark, rich sound\nappropriate to the gloomy mood.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn \u0026ldquo;Der Lindenbaum\u0026rdquo;:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe line \u0026ldquo;Die kalten Winde bliesen\u0026rdquo; uses fricative sounds [v] and\n[z] to onomatopoeically depict the blowing wind. The author argues\nthis phonetic effect should be preserved in translation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn \u0026ldquo;Letzte Hoffnung\u0026rdquo;:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe word \u0026ldquo;wein\u0026rsquo;\u0026rdquo; (weep) uses the [aÉŖ] diphthong which could be\ninterpreted as an imitative sound of crying, emphasized by Schubert\u0026rsquo;s\nsetting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author suggests using \u0026ldquo;cry\u0026rdquo; instead of \u0026ldquo;weep\u0026rdquo; in English to\npreserve the onomatopoeic effect.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn Wolf\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;Fussreise\u0026rdquo;:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe opening line \u0026ldquo;Am frischgeschnittnen Wanderstab\u0026rdquo; uses short vowels\nand strong fricatives/plosives that reflect the lively, detached piano\ngesture.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author attempts to recreate this phonetic effect in the English\ntranslation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeneral examples:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlosive consonants can provide abrupt attacks on notes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFricatives can be used to depict motion or wind.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen vowels like [a] are described as more suitable for expressing\nheavy emotions in lower vocal ranges compared to closed vowels like\n[i].\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thesis argues that these phonetic properties serve important\nexpressive functions that should be considered alongside semantic\nmeaning when translating songs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"can-you-give-examples-of-poems-where-phonetic-properties-are-particularly-prominent\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCan you give examples of poems where phonetic properties are particularly prominent? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#can-you-give-examples-of-poems-where-phonetic-properties-are-particularly-prominent\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCertainly! There are many poems where phonetic properties play a\nprominent role in the overall effect and meaning. Here are a few notable\nexamples:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;The Raven\u0026rdquo; by Edgar Allan Poe\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis poem is famous for its use of internal rhyme, alliteration, and\nrepetition of sounds, particularly the long \u0026ldquo;o\u0026rdquo; sound in words like\n\u0026ldquo;nevermore\u0026rdquo;. The phonetic qualities create a haunting, melodic effect\nthat enhances the poem\u0026rsquo;s eerie atmosphere.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;Jabberwocky\u0026rdquo; by Lewis Carroll\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis nonsense poem relies heavily on made-up words that have strong\nphonetic qualities. The sounds of the words suggest meanings even though\nthey are invented, demonstrating the power of phonetics in language.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;The Bells\u0026rdquo; by Edgar Allan Poe\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePoe uses onomatopoeia and repetition to mimic the sounds of different\ntypes of bells. The phonetic qualities of the words directly evoke the\nsounds being described.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;Kubla Khan\u0026rdquo; by Samuel Taylor Coleridge\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis poem is noted for its use of assonance and alliteration to create a\ndreamlike, musical quality. The repeated sounds contribute to the\nexotic, otherworldly atmosphere of the poem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;The Tyger\u0026rdquo; by William Blake\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBlake uses strong rhythms and repetitive sounds, particularly the hard\n\u0026ldquo;t\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;g\u0026rdquo; sounds, to evoke the fierce, powerful nature of the tiger.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;Sea Fever\u0026rdquo; by John Masefield\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis poem uses alliteration and assonance to evoke the sounds and\nrhythms of the sea, with phrases like \u0026ldquo;the wheel\u0026rsquo;s kick and the wind\u0026rsquo;s\nsong and the white sail\u0026rsquo;s shaking\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;Sonnet 116\u0026rdquo; by William Shakespeare\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShakespeare\u0026rsquo;s sonnets often employ phonetic devices. In this one, the\nrepetition of \u0026ldquo;love\u0026rdquo; and the use of alliteration (e.g., \u0026ldquo;alters when it\nalteration finds\u0026rdquo;) contribute to the poem\u0026rsquo;s memorable quality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;The Highwayman\u0026rdquo; by Alfred Noyes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis narrative poem uses rhythm and repetition to create a galloping\neffect that mirrors the highwayman\u0026rsquo;s ride, with lines like \u0026ldquo;tlot-tlot;\ntlot-tlot! Had they heard it? The horse-hoofs ringing clear\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn these poems, the phonetic properties are not just decorative, but\nintegral to the overall effect and meaning of the work. They demonstrate\nhow sound can be used as a powerful poetic device.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitations:\u003cbr\u003e\n[1]\n\u003ca href=\"https://dspace.library.uvic.ca/bitstream/handle/1828/12074/Basu_Kyron_MA_2020.pdf?sequence=1\"\u003ehttps://dspace.library.uvic.ca/bitstream/handle/1828/12074/Basu_Kyron_MA_2020.pdf?sequence=1\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[2]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2003/papers/p15_2757.pdf\"\u003ehttps://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2003/papers/p15_2757.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[3] \u003ca href=\"https://www.poetrysoup.com/poems/short/phonetic\"\u003ehttps://www.poetrysoup.com/poems/short/phonetic\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[4] \u003ca href=\"https://www.poetrysoup.com/poems/best/phonetic\"\u003ehttps://www.poetrysoup.com/poems/best/phonetic\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[5]\n\u003ca href=\"https://blogsarchive.sites.haverford.edu/celticfringe/2014/04/16/phonetic-poetry/\"\u003ehttps://blogsarchive.sites.haverford.edu/celticfringe/2014/04/16/phonetic-poetry/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[6] \u003ca href=\"https://sites.ualberta.ca/~dmiall/reading/Miall_phonetic.pdf\"\u003ehttps://sites.ualberta.ca/~dmiall/reading/Miall_phonetic.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[7] \u003ca href=\"https://hcmc.uvic.ca/project/closereading/sound.html\"\u003ehttps://hcmc.uvic.ca/project/closereading/sound.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[8] \u003ca href=\"https://poemanalysis.com/literary-device/sound-devices/\"\u003ehttps://poemanalysis.com/literary-device/sound-devices/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"can-you-elaborate-on-this-theory-expressive-phonetic-mapping-epm-as-presented\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCan you elaborate on this theory Expressive Phonetic Mapping (EPM) as presented? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#can-you-elaborate-on-this-theory-expressive-phonetic-mapping-epm-as-presented\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExpressive Phonetic Mapping (EPM) is a theory developed by the author to\nanalyze and create singable translations of vocal music, with a focus on\npreserving the phonetic qualities of the original text that have\nexpressive musical functions. The key aspects of EPM as presented in the\nthesis are:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt aims to map the phonetic properties of a source text to a target\ntext in translation, considering how sounds relate to the underlying\nmusic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEPM considers the strength of phonetic mapping between sounds in the\nsource and target languages based on articulatory proximity and\nexpressive function.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor consonants, a strong mapping preserves the manner of\narticulation (e.g. plosive, fricative), while a weak mapping changes\nit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor vowels, mapping strength depends on proximity on the vowel chart\nand similarity in rounding.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEPM can be applied at both small scales (individual sounds) and\nlarger scales (phonetic tendencies across phrases or sections).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt allows for qualitative and interpretive evaluation of groups of\nsounds and their expressive effects.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe theory recognizes that exact phonetic transfer is often not\npossible or desirable, so it aims for flexible mapping of expressive\nsound qualities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEPM can be used analytically to evaluate existing translations and\ngeneratively to create new translations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt considers how phonetic choices can enhance or detract from the\nexpressiveness and coherence of a translation in relation to the\nmusic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe author argues EPM should be considered alongside other\ntranslation criteria like meaning, rhythm, and singability to create\nmore effective singable translations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, EPM provides a framework for translators to systematically\nconsider the musical functions of speech sounds when creating singable\ntranslations, aiming to preserve important phonetic expressive devices\nfrom the original text.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"how-does-expressive-phonetic-mapping-epm-differ-from-other-phonetic-theories\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow does Expressive Phonetic Mapping (EPM) differ from other phonetic theories? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-does-expressive-phonetic-mapping-epm-differ-from-other-phonetic-theories\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExpressive Phonetic Mapping (EPM) differs from other phonetic theories\nin a few key ways:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFocus on musical expressiveness: EPM specifically considers how\nphonetic sounds relate to and enhance the musical setting, rather\nthan just analyzing phonetics in isolation. It aims to map phonetic\nfeatures that have expressive musical functions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFlexibility: Unlike strict phonetic transcription or translation\nmethods, EPM allows for flexible mapping of expressive sound\nqualities rather than exact phonetic transfer. It recognizes that\nprecise phonetic equivalence is often not possible or desirable in\ntranslation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScale: EPM can be applied at both small scales (individual sounds)\nand larger scales (phonetic tendencies across phrases or sections).\nIt considers overall phonetic character in addition to specific\nsounds.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQualitative analysis: EPM allows for qualitative and interpretive\nevaluation of groups of sounds and their expressive effects, not\njust quantitative phonetic analysis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApplication to translation: EPM was developed specifically as a tool\nfor analyzing and creating singable translations of vocal music. It\naims to inform the translation process, not just describe phonetics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntegration with other criteria: EPM is meant to complement, not\nreplace, other translation criteria like meaning, rhythm, and\nsingability. It adds phonetic considerations to existing translation\nmethodologies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsideration of musical setting: EPM examines how phonetic choices\nrelate to specific musical elements like melodic contour, harmony,\nand rhythm, not just the text in isolation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmphasis on consonants: While vowels are important, EPM pays\nparticular attention to the expressive functions of consonants in\nrelation to the music.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBalance of preservation and creativity: EPM aims to preserve\nimportant phonetic expressive devices from the original while\nallowing creative phonetic choices in translation when appropriate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, EPM provides a framework for systematically considering the\nmusical functions of speech sounds in vocal music translation, which\ndistinguishes it from more general phonetic theories or transcription\nsystems. It is a tool specifically designed for the creative and\ninterpretive process of translating songs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-are-the-historical-origins-of-expressive-phonetic-mapping-epm\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat are the historical origins of Expressive Phonetic Mapping (EPM)? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-are-the-historical-origins-of-expressive-phonetic-mapping-epm\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on the thesis, Expressive Phonetic Mapping (EPM) appears to be an\noriginal theory developed by the author, Kyron Basu, rather than having\nspecific historical origins. Some key points about EPM\u0026rsquo;s development:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is presented as a new analytical framework created by the author\nto examine and create singable translations of vocal music.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thesis states that EPM \u0026ldquo;aims to map the phonetic properties of a\nsource text to a target text in translation, considering how sounds\nrelate to the underlying music.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is described as a tool to \u0026ldquo;systematically consider the musical\nfunctions of speech sounds when creating singable translations.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe author developed EPM to complement existing translation theories\nby \u0026ldquo;integrating phonetics into their methodology.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt builds on the idea that \u0026ldquo;the phonetic sounds of a poem serve a\nmusical function which is, in many cases, intimately bound to a\ncomposer\u0026rsquo;s setting of that poem.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thesis positions EPM as addressing a gap in existing literature\non singable translations, which rarely considered phonetics as a\nsalient property.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile EPM draws on concepts from linguistics, phonetics, and translation\ntheory, it appears to be a novel framework synthesized by the author\nrather than having direct historical predecessors. The thesis presents\nit as an original contribution to the field of singable translation\nanalysis and creation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitations:\u003cbr\u003e\n[1]\n\u003ca href=\"https://dspace.library.uvic.ca/bitstream/handle/1828/12074/Basu_Kyron_MA_2020.pdf?sequence=1\"\u003ehttps://dspace.library.uvic.ca/bitstream/handle/1828/12074/Basu_Kyron_MA_2020.pdf?sequence=1\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[2]\n\u003ca href=\"https://dspace.library.uvic.ca/server/api/core/bitstreams/90277f32-9d53-4db1-a0c9-0eec43077c61/content\"\u003ehttps://dspace.library.uvic.ca/server/api/core/bitstreams/90277f32-9d53-4db1-a0c9-0eec43077c61/content\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[3] \u003ca href=\"https://sites.ualberta.ca/~dmiall/reading/Miall_phonetic.pdf\"\u003ehttps://sites.ualberta.ca/~dmiall/reading/Miall_phonetic.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[4] \u003ca href=\"https://www.paperdigest.org/2022/05/acl-2022-highlights/\"\u003ehttps://www.paperdigest.org/2022/05/acl-2022-highlights/\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[5]\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2003/papers/p15_2757.pdf\"\u003ehttps://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2003/papers/p15_2757.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[6] \u003ca href=\"https://pdfcoffee.com/a-history-of-singingpdf-pdf-free.html\"\u003ehttps://pdfcoffee.com/a-history-of-singingpdf-pdf-free.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[7]\n\u003ca href=\"https://blogsarchive.sites.haverford.edu/celticfringe/2014/04/16/phonetic-poetry/\"\u003ehttps://blogsarchive.sites.haverford.edu/celticfringe/2014/04/16/phonetic-poetry/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-management-of-technological-innovation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Management of Technological Innovation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-management-of-technological-innovation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a 402p book on tech innovation that we analyzed with PP in this\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai/search/management-of-technological-in-QWegD0giRpmC4eIup7VxOw\"\u003ethread\u003c/a\u003e.\nWe tried generating summaries of the chapters as well as several\nfollowup questions, and rewriting with some of the LLMs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA book with chapters may require handling in a different way. When we\nfirst uploaded it and asked for a summary, it only did the first\nchapter. So we tried again, and our initial prompt was just \u003cem\u003eWhat is the\ntitle of the book and who are the authors?\u003c/em\u003e, which PP got right away.\nThen we used one of its followup questions \u003cem\u003eWhat are the main topics\ncovered in the book?\u003c/em\u003e, and it picked out relevant items from the TIC.\nThen we asked for a summary chapter by chapter as listed below. For\nsummarization, the pro switch makes no difference which is\nunderstandable, because it is primarily for searching on the net.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter the summaries, we ask specific questions so that PP can pull out\nappropriate answers. One topic on the 5 generations of innovation, is\nrewritten using various LLMs, the results of which are all quite good,\nthough some seem to be better in quality as well as formatting. On PP,\nonly the last rewrite (Sonar Huge) remains since the each rewrite\noverwrites the last.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-is-the-title-of-the-book-and-who-are-the-authors\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat is the title of the book and who are the authors? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-is-the-title-of-the-book-and-who-are-the-authors\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe title of the book is \u003cstrong\u003e\u0026ldquo;The Management of Technological Innovation:\nStrategy and Practice\u0026rdquo;\u003c/strong\u003e and the authors are \u003cstrong\u003eMark Dodgson, David Gann,\nand Ammon Salter\u003c/strong\u003e. This book is a completely revised and updated\nedition, published by Oxford University Press in 2008.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-are-the-main-topics-covered-in-the-book\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat are the main topics covered in the book \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-are-the-main-topics-covered-in-the-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on the preface and table of contents, the main topics covered in\nthe book \u0026ldquo;The Management of Technological Innovation: Strategy and\nPractice\u0026rdquo; by Mark Dodgson, David Gann, and Ammon Salter include:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe importance and challenges of managing technological innovation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe business context for innovation management, including:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChanging nature of industry and business\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBusiness and innovation systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChanging nature of management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlobalization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTypes and processes of technological innovation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInnovation strategy\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInnovation networks and communities\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eManagement of research and development (R\u0026amp;D)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eManagement of product and service innovation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInnovation in operations and processes\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDelivering value from innovation (commercialization)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFuture challenges in managing technological innovation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book takes a broad view of innovation management, covering\nstrategic, organizational, and operational aspects. It examines\ninnovation from both theoretical and practical perspectives, using case\nstudies and examples throughout. The authors aim to provide a\ncomprehensive overview of the field for students, researchers and\npractitioners.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary-of-chapter-1-on-what-is-the-management-of-technological-innovation-and-why-is-it-important\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esummary of Chapter 1 on What is the Management of Technological Innovation and Why is it Important \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-of-chapter-1-on-what-is-the-management-of-technological-innovation-and-why-is-it-important\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is a summary of Chapter 1 on \u0026ldquo;What is the Management of\nTechnological Innovation and Why is it Important?\u0026rdquo;:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe management of technological innovation (MTI) is one of the most\nimportant and challenging aspects of contemporary business. It\ninvolves creating and delivering value through innovation in strategy,\nR\u0026amp;D, products, services, operations, processes, and commercialization.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMTI is critical for firms\u0026rsquo; growth, profitability and survival. It\nprovides competitive advantage and allows firms to meet objectives\nlike improving efficiency and enhancing competitiveness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMTI is important from corporate, national/industrial, theoretical and\nindividual perspectives:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor companies, it drives growth, profitability and survival\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor nations, it boosts productivity, income and economic development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTheoretically, it is central to evolutionary economics and new\ngrowth theory\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor individuals, it provides opportunities for creativity and\nsatisfaction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMTI involves managing complexity, risk and uncertainty. Key challenges\ninclude:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrating multiple technological and organizational systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDealing with high costs and unpredictable outcomes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppropriating returns on innovation investments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLearning and adapting quickly in fast-changing environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chapter provides case studies of MTI challenges in different types\nof firms (biotech, automotive, machine tools, electronics, software,\nmanufacturing) to illustrate key issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEffective MTI requires understanding the broad business context,\ninnovation processes, and strategic integration of innovative\nactivities across the organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn summary, the chapter establishes MTI as a critical but challenging\nmanagement domain that is essential for firm competitiveness and\neconomic progress. It provides an overview of why MTI matters and the\nkey issues involved in managing it successfully. *summary of Chapter 2\non \u0026ldquo;The Business Context for the Management of Technological\nInnovation\u0026rdquo;: Here\u0026rsquo;s a summary of Chapter 2 on \u0026ldquo;The Business Context for\nthe Management of Technological Innovation\u0026rdquo;:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chapter examines the changing nature of industry and business\nthat impacts the management of technological innovation (MTI).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTechnological change:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOccurs in waves or \u0026ldquo;technological revolutions\u0026rdquo; that transform\neconomies and societies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe are currently in the 5th wave focused on ICT/microelectronics,\npossibly entering a 6th wave around life sciences/biotechnology\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe knowledge economy:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKnowledge is increasingly central to economic growth and\ncompetitiveness\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are changes in how knowledge is produced, with more\ntransdisciplinary and contextual approaches\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBusiness and innovation systems:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInnovation occurs within systems and networks of firms and\ninstitutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNational, regional and sectoral innovation systems shape innovation\ncapabilities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnderstanding these systems is important for effective MTI\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChanging nature of management:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShift from command-and-control to more flexible, learning-oriented\napproaches\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFocus on strategy as a process, organizational learning, knowledge\nmanagement, and trust\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlobalization:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreasing internationalization of R\u0026amp;D and innovation activities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBut national systems still play an important role\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKey challenges for MTI:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnderstanding the broader context and systems firms operate in\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrating activities effectively into innovation systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdopting new management paradigms focused on learning, knowledge and\ntrust\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging innovation in an increasingly globalized environment\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chapter emphasizes that effective MTI requires managers to be aware\nof this broader context and how it shapes innovation opportunities and\nchallenges.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary-of-chapter-2-on-the-business-context-for-the-management-of-technological-innovation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esummary of Chapter 2 on The Business Context for the Management of Technological Innovation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-of-chapter-2-on-the-business-context-for-the-management-of-technological-innovation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s a summary of Chapter 2 on \u0026ldquo;The Business Context for the\nManagement of Technological Innovation\u0026rdquo;:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chapter examines the changing nature of industry and business\nthat impacts the management of technological innovation (MTI).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTechnological change:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOccurs in waves or \u0026ldquo;technological revolutions\u0026rdquo; that transform\neconomies and societies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe are currently in the 5th wave focused on ICT/microelectronics,\npossibly entering a 6th wave around life sciences/biotechnology\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe knowledge economy:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKnowledge is increasingly central to economic growth and\ncompetitiveness\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are changes in how knowledge is produced, with more\ntransdisciplinary and contextual approaches\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBusiness and innovation systems:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInnovation occurs within systems and networks of firms and\ninstitutions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNational, regional and sectoral innovation systems shape innovation\ncapabilities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnderstanding these systems is important for effective MTI\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChanging nature of management:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShift from command-and-control to more flexible, learning-oriented\napproaches\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFocus on strategy as a process, organizational learning, knowledge\nmanagement, and trust\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlobalization:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreasing internationalization of R\u0026amp;D and innovation activities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBut national systems still play an important role\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKey challenges for MTI:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnderstanding the broader context and systems firms operate in\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrating activities effectively into innovation systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdopting new management paradigms focused on learning, knowledge and\ntrust\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging innovation in an increasingly globalized environment\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chapter emphasizes that effective MTI requires managers to be aware\nof this broader context and how it shapes innovation opportunities and\nchallenges.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary-of-chapter-3-on-technological-innovation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esummary of Chapter 3 on Technological Innovation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-of-chapter-3-on-technological-innovation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s a summary of Chapter 3 on Technological Innovation:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypes and extent of innovation:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan be radical (major breakthroughs) or incremental (minor\nimprovements)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan be product, process, or service innovations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan be competence-enhancing or competence-destroying for firms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe innovation process is changing:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMoving from linear models to more complex, interactive models\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;fifth-generation\u0026rdquo; innovation process involves integration,\nflexibility, networking and real-time information processing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSources of innovation are diverse:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan come from suppliers, customers, universities, government labs,\ncompetitors, etc.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUser innovation is increasingly important\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen innovation approaches are gaining traction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeasuring innovation is challenging:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommon metrics include R\u0026amp;D spending, patents, bibliometrics, and\ninnovation surveys\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach measure has limitations and provides only partial insight\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutcomes of innovation:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan lead to increased productivity, economic growth, and competitive\nadvantage\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiffusion and adoption of innovations follows an S-curve pattern\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNetwork effects and standards play a key role in adoption of some\ninnovations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInnovation is a continuous process:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIllustrated by the ongoing quest to build better mousetraps\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFirms must persistently innovate to maintain competitiveness\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chapter emphasizes that managers need to understand these various\naspects of innovation - its types, processes, sources, measurements and\noutcomes - in order to effectively manage technological innovation. The\ninnovation landscape is complex and constantly evolving, requiring\nmanagers to stay informed and adapt their approaches.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary-of-chapter-4-on-innovation-strategy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esummary of Chapter 4 on Innovation Strategy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-of-chapter-4-on-innovation-strategy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s a summary of Chapter 4 on Innovation Strategy:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInnovation strategy is crucial for firms\u0026rsquo; competitiveness and\ninvolves:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnalyzing business, market and technological environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaking choices about innovation in uncertain circumstances\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBuilding innovative capabilities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrating innovation activities across the organization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInnovation strategy should align with and inform overall corporate\nstrategy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTypes of innovation strategies include:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnology leadership vs. followership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduct vs. process innovation focus\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRadical vs. incremental innovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen vs. closed innovation approaches\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFormulating innovation strategy involves:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAssessing internal capabilities and external opportunities/threats\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeciding on innovation priorities and resource allocation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeveloping roadmaps for future innovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBuilding innovative capabilities requires:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeveloping core competencies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreating an innovation-supportive culture\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEstablishing processes for idea generation and implementation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFostering creativity and learning\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReturns from innovation strategy can be measured through:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFinancial metrics (e.g. % revenue from new products)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInnovation output metrics (e.g. patents, new product launches)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProcess metrics (e.g. time to market, R\u0026amp;D productivity)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSMEs face particular challenges in innovation strategy, including:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLimited resources for R\u0026amp;D and innovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDifficulties accessing external knowledge/technologies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChallenges in scaling up and commercializing innovations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEffective innovation strategy requires flexibility to adapt to\nchanging conditions while maintaining long-term direction.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chapter emphasizes that innovation strategy is essential for guiding\ninnovation efforts and ensuring they create value for the firm. It\nshould be tailored to the firm\u0026rsquo;s specific context and integrated with\noverall business strategy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary-of-chapter-5-on-networks-and-communities\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esummary of Chapter 5 on Networks and Communities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-of-chapter-5-on-networks-and-communities\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s a summary of Chapter 5 on Networks and Communities:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNetworks and communities are increasingly important for innovation:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThey provide access to diverse knowledge and resources\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThey allow firms to share risks and costs of innovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypes of networks discussed:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScientific networks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUser innovation communities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnological collaborations between firms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSocial capital is crucial for effective networking:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBuilds trust and facilitates knowledge sharing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHelps form and maintain relationships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUser innovation is becoming more prevalent:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsers often develop or modify products to meet their needs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFirms can harness user innovations through toolkits and communities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnological collaborations between firms are common:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAllow access to complementary capabilities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHelp share costs and risks of R\u0026amp;D\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan be challenging to manage due to different goals/cultures\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKey factors for successful networking:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBuilding trust between partners\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEffective knowledge sharing and organizational learning\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging intellectual property issues\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChallenges of networks:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoordinating diverse partners\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBalancing cooperation and competition\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProtecting proprietary knowledge while sharing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNetworks are dynamic:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNeed to be actively managed over time\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePartners and relationships evolve\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chapter emphasizes that while networks and communities offer many\nbenefits for innovation, they require careful management to be\neffective. Firms need strategies for identifying valuable partners,\nbuilding trust, sharing knowledge, and capturing value from\ncollaborations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary-of-chapter-6-on-the-management-of-research-and-development\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esummary of Chapter 6 on The Management of Research and Development \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-of-chapter-6-on-the-management-of-research-and-development\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s a summary of Chapter 6 on The Management of Research and\nDevelopment:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eR\u0026amp;D is crucial for firms\u0026rsquo; competitiveness and growth. It provides\nnew ideas, improves absorptive capacity, and helps firms stay ahead\nof competitors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eR\u0026amp;D expenditure patterns vary across industries, with sectors like\npharmaceuticals and electronics spending the most.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOrganizing R\u0026amp;D involves decisions about:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCentralization vs. decentralization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with other business functions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging international R\u0026amp;D activities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eManaging research teams requires:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBalancing autonomy and control\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFostering creativity while maintaining focus\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEffective communication and knowledge sharing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCreativity in research can be encouraged through:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrganizational culture and leadership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppropriate incentives and rewards\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePhysical workspace design\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBalancing R\u0026amp;D portfolios involves:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMix of short-term and long-term projects\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBalancing risk and potential returns\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsing tools like technology roadmaps\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eManaging international R\u0026amp;D presents challenges like:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoordinating dispersed R\u0026amp;D units\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransferring knowledge across borders\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAligning with local innovation systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey trends in R\u0026amp;D management include:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreased openness and collaboration\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreater focus on interdisciplinary research\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse of advanced IT tools for R\u0026amp;D\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chapter emphasizes that effective R\u0026amp;D management requires balancing\nmultiple objectives and constraints, fostering creativity while\nmaintaining strategic focus, and integrating R\u0026amp;D with other business\nfunctions and external partners.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary-of-chapter-7-on-the-management-of-product-and-service-innovation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esummary of Chapter 7 on The Management of Product and Service Innovation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-of-chapter-7-on-the-management-of-product-and-service-innovation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s a summary of Chapter 7 on The Management of Product and Service\nInnovation:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct and service innovation (PSI) involves developing new or\nimproved products and services. It can range from minor improvements\nto radical new offerings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBenefits of successful PSI include:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreased sales and profits\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved market share and competitiveness\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced brand image and reputation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpportunities to enter new markets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHowever, PSI failure rates are high (50-90% depending on industry).\nCommon reasons for failure include:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePoor market research/understanding of customer needs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnical problems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLack of senior management support\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePoor timing of launch\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInadequate marketing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFactors encouraging successful PSI:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClear innovation strategy aligned with business strategy\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrong leadership and organizational support for innovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEffective cross-functional teams and project management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeep understanding of customer needs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRapid prototyping and testing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWell-planned and executed launch\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe role of design is crucial in PSI:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrates form, function and user experience\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHelps differentiate products/services\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan lead to cost reductions and improved manufacturability\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreasingly seen as a strategic business asset\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKey tools and techniques for managing PSI include:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStage-gate processes to manage development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuality Function Deployment to translate customer needs into\nspecifications\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRapid prototyping for faster iteration\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen innovation approaches to access external ideas\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChallenges in managing PSI:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBalancing creativity with discipline\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging risk and uncertainty\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrating marketing, R\u0026amp;D and operations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeciding on resource allocation across projects\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chapter emphasizes that successful PSI requires both creativity and\nsystematic management processes. It needs to be driven by customer needs\nwhile leveraging technological capabilities. Effective integration\nacross functions and with external partners is crucial.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary-of-chapter-8-on-innovation-in-operations-and-processes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esummary of Chapter 8 on Innovation in Operations and Processes \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-of-chapter-8-on-innovation-in-operations-and-processes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s a summary of Chapter 8 on Innovation in Operations and Processes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOperations involve the activities that create and deliver a firm\u0026rsquo;s\nproducts or services. Innovation in operations can provide\nsignificant competitive advantages.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is often tension between innovation and operations, as\noperations focus on efficiency and reliability while innovation\ninvolves change and uncertainty.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOperations are important for delivering innovation by:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTurning ideas into reality through production\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProviding feedback to improve designs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGenerating ideas for product/process improvements\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey factors affecting operations innovation:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndustry characteristics (e.g. mass production vs. customized\nproducts)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnology (e.g. automation, digital technologies)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarkets (e.g. globalization, changing customer demands)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey techniques in operations management:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLean production\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJust-in-time manufacturing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal quality management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSix Sigma\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAutomation has been a major trend, but requires careful\nimplementation:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan improve efficiency and quality\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRisks of over-automation and inflexibility\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNeed to balance automation with human skills\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProcess innovation involves:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncremental improvements to existing processes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRadical changes to how work is done (e.g. business process\nreengineering)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdoption of new technologies (e.g. enterprise resource planning\nsystems)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChallenges in operations innovation:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrating new technologies with existing systems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging organizational and cultural change\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBalancing standardization with flexibility\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoordinating globally distributed operations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chapter emphasizes that effective operations innovation requires\nintegrating technological changes with organizational and strategic\nchanges. It also highlights the increasing importance of services and\nthe blurring of boundaries between manufacturing and services.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary-of-chapter-9-on-delivering-value-from-innovation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esummary of Chapter 9 on Delivering Value from Innovation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-of-chapter-9-on-delivering-value-from-innovation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s a summary of Chapter 9 on Delivering Value from Innovation:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDelivering value from innovation involves:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePositioning in the value chain\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelecting paths to market\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeciding how to commercialize innovations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging intellectual property\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSetting standards\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarketing technology products\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnology transfer\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFirms need to decide where to position themselves in the value\nchain:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpstream (research/development)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDownstream (manufacturing/distribution)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOr integrated across the chain\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePaths to market include:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInternal development and commercialization\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLicensing/selling intellectual property\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eForming joint ventures or alliances\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreating spin-off companies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKey commercialization decisions:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTiming of market entry\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePricing strategy\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDistribution channels\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarketing approach\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging intellectual property through:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePatents, copyrights, trademarks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrade secrets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComplementary assets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStandards are important for:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNetwork effects and market dominance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInteroperability\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReducing uncertainty\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarketing technology products requires:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnderstanding customer needs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemonstrating value proposition\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging adoption process\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnology transfer involves:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMoving innovations from research to commercial application\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransferring between organizations (e.g. university to industry)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chapter emphasizes that delivering value from innovation requires\ncareful strategic choices about how to capture returns from innovative\nefforts. Firms need to consider their position in value chains and\ninnovation ecosystems, decide on optimal paths to market, manage IP\neffectively, and develop strategies for commercialization, standards,\nand marketing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary-of-chapter-10-on-five-future-challenges\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esummary of Chapter 10 on Five Future Challenges \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-of-chapter-10-on-five-future-challenges\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging technology-based competition:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreasing pace and complexity of technological change\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNeed for strategic flexibility and dynamic capabilities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImportance of timing in technology adoption and implementation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChallenge of managing disruptive technologies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManaging the new innovation process:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShift to more open, collaborative innovation models\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrowth of innovation networks and communities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNeed to integrate internal and external knowledge sources\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChallenges of managing distributed innovation processes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe role of government:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDebate over appropriate level of government intervention in innovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNeed for policies to support basic research, education, and\ninfrastructure\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChallenge of balancing regulation and innovation incentives\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrowing importance of public-private partnerships\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe role of basic research:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinued importance of long-term, fundamental research\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePressure to demonstrate short-term relevance and impact\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNeed to balance basic and applied research funding\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChallenge of translating basic research into commercial applications\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSustainable business:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrowing emphasis on environmental sustainability and corporate social\nresponsibility\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNeed to develop clean technologies and sustainable business models\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChallenge of balancing economic, social, and environmental objectives\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpportunities for innovation in sustainability-related products and\nservices\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chapter emphasizes that these challenges are interconnected and\nrequire integrated approaches from firms, governments, and other\nstakeholders. It argues that addressing these challenges will be crucial\nfor the future of technological innovation and economic competitiveness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"in-ch3-elaborate-on-the-breakthroughs-in-tennis-rackets-and-how-they-affected-play\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ein ch3, elaborate on the breakthroughs in tennis rackets and how they affected play \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#in-ch3-elaborate-on-the-breakthroughs-in-tennis-rackets-and-how-they-affected-play\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s an elaboration on the breakthroughs in tennis rackets and how\nthey affected play, based on the information provided in Box 3.2 of\nChapter 3:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTennis racket technology has seen several major breakthroughs that have\nsignificantly impacted the game:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWood to metal frames: The shift from wooden rackets to metal (steel\nand aluminum) frames in the 1960s-70s was a major change. Metal\nframes were more durable and allowed for larger head sizes,\nincreasing the \u0026ldquo;sweet spot\u0026rdquo; and making it easier for players to hit\npowerful shots.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOversized rackets: The introduction of oversized racket heads in the\n1970s further increased the sweet spot and power potential. This\nmade the game more accessible to amateur players while also allowing\nprofessionals to hit with more pace and spin.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGraphite composites: In the 1980s, graphite composite materials\nrevolutionized racket design. These materials were lighter yet\nstiffer than metal, allowing for even larger head sizes without\nsacrificing control. This led to more powerful serves and\ngroundstrokes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Widebody\u0026rdquo; designs: The late 1980s saw the development of rackets\nwith wider frames, which increased stiffness and power even further.\nThis design helped players generate more ball speed with less\neffort.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdvanced composites and string technologies: Ongoing innovations in\nmaterials and string designs have continued to enhance racket\nperformance, allowing for an optimal balance of power, control, and\nspin generation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese technological advancements have had profound effects on tennis\nplay:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncreased power: Players can now generate much higher ball speeds,\nespecially on serves and groundstrokes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnhanced spin: Modern rackets allow players to impart more spin on\nthe ball, leading to more aggressive topspin shots and sharper\nangles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImproved consistency: Larger sweet spots and more forgiving designs\nhave reduced mishits, allowing for more consistent shot-making.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChanged playing styles: The power and spin potential of modern\nrackets has encouraged more baseline play and aggressive shot-making\nfrom all areas of the court.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFaster pace of play: The ability to hit winners from anywhere on the\ncourt has accelerated the overall pace of the game.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccessibility: Technological improvements have made the game more\naccessible to recreational players by making it easier to generate\npace and control.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese innovations have collectively transformed tennis from a game of\nfinesse and touch to one that also heavily emphasizes power and\nathleticism, reshaping both professional and amateur play.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"how-did-the-shift-from-wood-to-metal-rackets-affect-the-games-dynamics-from-pp\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow did the shift from wood to metal rackets affect the game\u0026rsquo;s dynamics (from PP) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-did-the-shift-from-wood-to-metal-rackets-affect-the-games-dynamics-from-pp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on the information provided in Box 3.2 of Chapter 3, the shift\nfrom wooden to metal tennis rackets in the 1960s-70s had several\nsignificant effects on the game\u0026rsquo;s dynamics:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncreased power: Metal frames allowed for larger racket head sizes,\nwhich increased the \u0026ldquo;sweet spot\u0026rdquo; and made it easier for players to\nhit powerful shots.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImproved durability: Metal rackets were more durable than wooden\nones.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnhanced accessibility: The larger sweet spot made the game more\naccessible to amateur players.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChanged playing styles: The ability to generate more power and spin\nencouraged more baseline play and aggressive shot-making from all\nareas of the court.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFaster pace of play: The increased power potential accelerated the\noverall pace of the game.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImproved consistency: Larger sweet spots and more forgiving designs\nreduced mishits, allowing for more consistent shot-making.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTransformation of the game: Overall, these changes helped transform\ntennis from a game primarily focused on finesse and touch to one\nthat also heavily emphasizes power and athleticism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn summary, the introduction of metal rackets was a major technological\nbreakthrough that significantly altered the way tennis was played,\nmaking it more powerful, faster-paced, and accessible to a wider range\nof players.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-were-the-initial-reactions-of-players-to-the-new-metal-rackets-from-pp\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat were the initial reactions of players to the new metal rackets (from PP) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-were-the-initial-reactions-of-players-to-the-new-metal-rackets-from-pp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on the information provided in the passage, some key points about\nthe initial reactions to metal tennis rackets include:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe shift from wooden to metal rackets in the 1960s-70s was a major\nchange in tennis technology.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetal frames allowed for larger racket head sizes, which increased\nthe \u0026ldquo;sweet spot\u0026rdquo; and made it easier for players to hit powerful\nshots.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis made the game more accessible to amateur players.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt encouraged more baseline play and aggressive shot-making from all\nareas of the court.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt accelerated the overall pace of the game.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt allowed for more consistent shot-making due to the larger sweet\nspots and more forgiving designs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt helped transform tennis from a game primarily focused on finesse\nand touch to one that also heavily emphasizes power and athleticism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo in summary, while specific player reactions are not mentioned, the\npassage suggests that players found the metal rackets allowed for more\npower, consistency and aggressive play compared to wooden rackets,\nchanging the dynamics of the game significantly. The technology made\ntennis more accessible to amateurs while also enabling professionals to\nhit with more pace and spin. [Note the excellent speculation PP makes\nabout player reactions. Having played in that era at a national level as\nwell as having been a teaching tennis pro, I can personally attest to\nthe accuracy of the deduction.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"in-ch3-explain-each-of-the-5-generation-innovation-processes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ein ch3, explain each of the 5 generation innovation processes \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#in-ch3-explain-each-of-the-5-generation-innovation-processes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s an explanation of each of the 5 generation innovation processes\ndescribed in Chapter 3:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFirst-generation (1950s-1960s):\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis was a linear \u0026ldquo;technology push\u0026rdquo; model. Innovation was seen as a\nsequential process starting with scientific discovery, moving through\nR\u0026amp;D, engineering and manufacturing, and ending with marketing of the new\nproduct. The focus was on R\u0026amp;D and technology as the driver of\ninnovation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecond-generation (1960s-1970s):\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis was a linear \u0026ldquo;market pull\u0026rdquo; model. It was still sequential but\nemphasized market needs as the driver of innovation. The process started\nwith market needs, which then drove R\u0026amp;D, engineering, manufacturing and\nsales.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThird-generation (1970s-1980s):\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis was a \u0026ldquo;coupling\u0026rdquo; model that recognized the interaction between\ntechnological capabilities and market needs. It included feedback loops\nbetween the different stages and emphasized integration between R\u0026amp;D and\nmarketing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFourth-generation (1980s-1990s):\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis was a parallel model emphasizing integration within the firm and\nwith key suppliers and customers. It featured parallel development with\nintegrated teams and strong linkages with leading-edge customers. It\nemphasized integration and parallel development.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFifth-generation (1990s onwards):\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is described as a systems integration and networking model. It\nemphasizes flexibility and speed of development, with fully integrated\nparallel development. It features strong linkages with leading-edge\ncustomers, strategic integration with primary suppliers, and emphasis on\ncorporate flexibility and speed-to-market. It leverages electronic tools\nand networks to enhance innovation capabilities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe progression shows a move from simple linear models to more complex,\nintegrated, and networked approaches to the innovation process over\ntime.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"rewrite-the-above-with-sonar-large\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erewrite the above with Sonar Large \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rewrite-the-above-with-sonar-large\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn Chapter 3 of \u0026ldquo;The Management of Technological Innovation\u0026rdquo; by Mark\nDodgson, David Gann, and Ammon Salter, the authors discuss the evolution\nof the innovation process through five distinct generations. Here is an\nexplanation of each generation:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### 1. \u003cstrong\u003eFirst-Generation Innovation Process\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharacteristics\u003c/strong\u003e: This generation is characterized by a linear,\nsequential approach to innovation. It typically involves a\nstraightforward progression from research to development, then to\nproduction, and finally to marketing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c/strong\u003e: In this model, each stage is completed before the\nnext one begins. It is often associated with the traditional\n\u0026ldquo;technology push\u0026rdquo; approach, where scientific discoveries drive the\ninnovation process.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExample\u003c/strong\u003e: The development of penicillin by Alexander Fleming is an\nexample of this process, where a scientific discovery led to the\ndevelopment of a new product through a linear sequence of steps.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### 2. \u003cstrong\u003eSecond-Generation Innovation Process\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharacteristics\u003c/strong\u003e: This generation introduces a more interactive\napproach, with feedback loops between different stages of the\ninnovation process.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c/strong\u003e: The second generation involves a more iterative\nprocess where research, development, production, and marketing are\ninterconnected. This allows for adjustments and improvements at\nvarious stages based on feedback.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExample\u003c/strong\u003e: The development of the first commercial jet airliner, the\nde Havilland Comet, involved significant feedback between design,\ntesting, and production stages, illustrating this iterative approach.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### 3. \u003cstrong\u003eThird-Generation Innovation Process\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharacteristics\u003c/strong\u003e: This generation emphasizes integration across\ndifferent functions within the organization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c/strong\u003e: The third generation involves a more integrated\napproach where research, development, production, and marketing are\nclosely linked and coordinated. This integration aims to reduce\ntime-to-market and improve overall efficiency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExample\u003c/strong\u003e: The introduction of the Sony Walkman, which required\nclose coordination between design, engineering, and marketing teams to\nachieve its innovative and compact design.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### 4. \u003cstrong\u003eFourth-Generation Innovation Process\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharacteristics\u003c/strong\u003e: This generation focuses on the integration of\nexternal partners and suppliers into the innovation process.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c/strong\u003e: The fourth generation involves collaboration with\nexternal partners, including suppliers, customers, and other\nstakeholders. This collaborative approach helps in sharing risks,\ncosts, and expertise.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExample\u003c/strong\u003e: The development of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, which\ninvolved extensive collaboration with global suppliers and partners to\nintegrate advanced technologies and materials.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### 5. \u003cstrong\u003eFifth-Generation Innovation Process\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharacteristics\u003c/strong\u003e: This generation is characterized by a highly\ninteractive, flexible, and networked approach to innovation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c/strong\u003e: The fifth generation involves real-time information\nprocessing, extensive use of digital technologies, and a high degree\nof flexibility and adaptability. It emphasizes open innovation, where\nfirms actively seek out and integrate external ideas and technologies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExample\u003c/strong\u003e: The use of crowdsourcing and open innovation platforms by\ncompanies like IBM and Procter \u0026amp; Gamble to tap into a global pool of\ninnovators and accelerate the development of new products and\nservices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach generation represents a progression towards more complex,\ninteractive, and collaborative innovation processes, reflecting the\nevolving nature of technological innovation and the increasing\nimportance of external networks and digital technologies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"rewrite-the-above-with-sonar-huge\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erewrite the above with Sonar Huge \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rewrite-the-above-with-sonar-huge\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChapter 3 of \u0026ldquo;The Management of Technological Innovation\u0026rdquo; discusses the\nevolution of innovation processes, which can be categorized into five\ngenerations. Here\u0026rsquo;s a detailed explanation of each generation:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFirst Generation: Technology Push\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharacteristics\u003c/strong\u003e: This generation is characterized by a focus\non scientific and technological advancements without direct\nconsideration of market needs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProcess\u003c/strong\u003e: It involves a linear sequence from scientific\ndiscovery to product development, with little feedback from the\nmarket.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExample\u003c/strong\u003e: Early developments in semiconductors were driven by\ntechnological advancements rather than specific market demands.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSecond Generation: Market Pull\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharacteristics\u003c/strong\u003e: This approach emphasizes understanding market\nneeds and customer demands before developing new technologies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProcess\u003c/strong\u003e: It involves a linear sequence from market research to\nproduct development, with a focus on meeting identified market\nneeds.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExample\u003c/strong\u003e: The development of the Sony Walkman was driven by\nunderstanding consumer demand for portable music players.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThird Generation: Coupling Model\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharacteristics\u003c/strong\u003e: This generation integrates technology push\nand market pull by encouraging interaction between R\u0026amp;D and\nmarketing departments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProcess\u003c/strong\u003e: It involves a more iterative process where R\u0026amp;D and\nmarketing collaborate to align technological capabilities with\nmarket needs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExample\u003c/strong\u003e: The development of the Apple Macintosh computer\ninvolved close collaboration between R\u0026amp;D and marketing to create a\nuser-friendly computer that met market demands.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFourth Generation: Integrated Model\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharacteristics\u003c/strong\u003e: This generation emphasizes the integration of\nvarious functions within the firm, including R\u0026amp;D, marketing, and\nproduction, to create a more holistic innovation process.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProcess\u003c/strong\u003e: It involves a highly interactive process where\ndifferent departments collaborate to integrate technological,\nmarket, and organizational considerations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExample\u003c/strong\u003e: The development of the Toyota Prius involved\nintegrated efforts across R\u0026amp;D, marketing, and production to create\na hybrid vehicle that met both environmental and market demands.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFifth Generation: Systems Integration and Networking Model\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharacteristics\u003c/strong\u003e: This generation focuses on integrating\ninnovation processes across the entire value chain, including\nexternal partners and networks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProcess\u003c/strong\u003e: It involves a highly collaborative and dynamic\nprocess where firms engage with external partners, suppliers, and\ncustomers to co-create innovations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExample\u003c/strong\u003e: The development of the Linux operating system\ninvolved a global network of developers collaborating to create an\nopen-source software solution.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach generation represents a progression towards more integrated and\ncollaborative innovation processes, reflecting the increasing complexity\nand interconnectedness of modern business environments.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"rewrite-above-with-chatgpt4o-gpt4-omni\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erewrite above with chatgpt4o (gpt4 omni) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rewrite-above-with-chatgpt4o-gpt4-omni\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe five generations of innovation processes described in Chapter 3 of\nthe book reflect the evolution of how innovation is managed within\nfirms:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFirst-Generation Process (Technology Push)\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInnovation was driven by scientific discoveries and technological\nadvancements.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe process was linear, starting from R\u0026amp;D and moving through\nproduction to marketing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmphasis was on pushing technology to the market without much\nconsideration for market needs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSecond-Generation Process (Market Pull)\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFocus shifted to responding to market needs and demands.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInnovation was driven by customer feedback and market research.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe process was still linear but initiated by market requirements\nrather than technological capabilities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThird-Generation Process (Coupling Model)\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCombined elements of both technology push and market pull.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecognized the interaction between R\u0026amp;D and marketing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntroduced feedback loops between different stages of the\ninnovation process, allowing for adjustments based on market\nresponse.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFourth-Generation Process (Integrated/Parallel Model)\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmphasized integration and collaboration across different\nfunctions within the firm.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvolved simultaneous development activities, reducing time to\nmarket.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEncouraged cross-functional teams and the integration of suppliers\nand customers into the innovation process.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFifth-Generation Process (Systems Integration and Networking\nModel)\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFocused on real-time information processing and networking.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmphasized open innovation and the use of external networks and\npartnerships.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUtilized advanced IT systems for managing complex innovation\nprocesses and integrating global operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese generational shifts reflect a move from isolated, linear processes\nto more integrated, networked, and flexible approaches, allowing firms\nto better adapt to rapid technological changes and market dynamics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"rewrite-above-with-claude-3-opus\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erewrite above with claude 3 opus \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rewrite-above-with-claude-3-opus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on the information provided in Chapter 3, the five generations of\ninnovation processes are:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### 1. First-generation (1G) innovation process:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSimple linear model\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmphasis on R\u0026amp;D push\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLittle attention to market needs or feedback loops\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAssumes more R\u0026amp;D will lead directly to more successful products\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### 2. Second-generation (2G) innovation process:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLinear model but with more emphasis on market pull\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eR\u0026amp;D efforts driven by market needs identified by marketing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStill a sequential process with little feedback\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### 3. Third-generation (3G) innovation process:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoupling model recognizing interaction between different elements\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmphasis on integrating R\u0026amp;D and marketing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFeedback loops between phases\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStill essentially a sequential process\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### 4. Fourth-generation (4G) innovation process:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParallel development with integrated development teams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrong upstream supplier linkages and close coupling with leading\ncustomers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmphasis on integration between R\u0026amp;D and manufacturing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHorizontal collaboration (e.g. joint ventures, alliances)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### 5. Fifth-generation (5G) innovation process:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSystems integration and extensive networking\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFlexible and customized response\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinuous innovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse of sophisticated IT systems to enable networking\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFully integrated parallel development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse of expert systems and simulation modeling in R\u0026amp;D\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrong linkages with leading customers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrategic integration with primary suppliers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHorizontal linkages (joint ventures, alliances, consortia)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmphasis on corporate flexibility and speed of development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn summary, the innovation process models have evolved from simple\nlinear models to increasingly complex interactive models with more\nemphasis on integration, parallel processing, feedback, and systems\nthinking over time. The fifth-generation model represents the most\nsophisticated approach to date.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"can-you-give-the-gist-of-each-of-the-case-studies-used-to-illustrate-points-in-the-book\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecan you give the gist of each of the case studies used to illustrate points in the book? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#can-you-give-the-gist-of-each-of-the-case-studies-used-to-illustrate-points-in-the-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[This is a tough question as PP has to go through the entire book\nidentifying and providing precis of each case study, which it does\nadmirably chapter by chapter.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book \u0026ldquo;The Management of Technological Innovation\u0026rdquo; by Mark Dodgson,\nDavid Gann, and Ammon Salter uses various case studies to illustrate key\npoints and themes. Here are some of the case studies mentioned in the\nbook, categorized by chapter. Sonar Huge was the LLM used.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 1: What is the Management of Technological Innovation and\nWhy is it Important?\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBiotech Firm\u003c/strong\u003e: Illustrates the challenges of managing\nhigh-risk, high-reward biotech projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAutomotive Firm\u003c/strong\u003e: Shows how innovation in supply chain\nmanagement can improve efficiency and reduce costs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMachine Tool Firm\u003c/strong\u003e: Demonstrates the importance of integrating\nnew technologies into existing manufacturing processes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eElectronics Firm\u003c/strong\u003e: Highlights the need for continuous\ninnovation to stay competitive in fast-paced industries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSoftware Firm\u003c/strong\u003e: Discusses the challenges of managing software\ndevelopment projects and the importance of agile methodologies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eManufacturing Firm\u003c/strong\u003e: Emphasizes the role of innovation in\nimproving manufacturing processes and reducing costs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 2: The Business Context for the Management of\nTechnological Innovation\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGlobalization\u003c/strong\u003e: Discusses how globalization affects innovation\nstrategies and the importance of international collaboration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKnowledge Economy\u003c/strong\u003e: Illustrates how the shift to a knowledge\neconomy impacts innovation management and the need for continuous\nlearning.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBusiness and Innovation Systems\u003c/strong\u003e: Examines how different\nnational and regional innovation systems influence innovation\ncapabilities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 3: Technological Innovation\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTennis Racket Technology\u003c/strong\u003e: Shows how technological innovations\nin tennis rackets have transformed the sport.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMousetrap Innovation\u003c/strong\u003e: Illustrates the ongoing quest for better\nmousetraps and the importance of continuous innovation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 4: Innovation Strategy\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTechnology Leadership\u003c/strong\u003e: Discusses the strategic choices firms\nmake regarding technology leadership vs. followership.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct vs. Process Innovation\u003c/strong\u003e: Examines the strategic\ndecisions firms make about focusing on product or process\ninnovations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 5: Networks and Communities\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eScientific Networks\u003c/strong\u003e: Illustrates the role of scientific\nnetworks in advancing knowledge and innovation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUser Innovation Communities\u003c/strong\u003e: Shows how user innovation\ncommunities can drive innovation and product development.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTechnological Collaborations\u003c/strong\u003e: Discusses the challenges and\nbenefits of technological collaborations between firms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 6: The Management of Research and Development\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eR\u0026amp;D Expenditure\u003c/strong\u003e: Examines the patterns of R\u0026amp;D expenditure\nacross industries and the importance of strategic R\u0026amp;D investment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOrganizing R\u0026amp;D\u003c/strong\u003e: Discusses the organizational challenges of\nmanaging R\u0026amp;D activities and the need for effective integration\nwith other business functions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 7: The Management of Product and Service Innovation\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct Innovation\u003c/strong\u003e: Illustrates the importance of product\ninnovation for firm competitiveness and the need for effective\nproduct development processes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eService Innovation\u003c/strong\u003e: Discusses the challenges and opportunities\nof service innovation and the need for integrated service design.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 8: Innovation in Operations and Processes\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLean Production\u003c/strong\u003e: Examines the principles of lean production\nand its impact on operational efficiency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAutomation\u003c/strong\u003e: Discusses the benefits and challenges of\nautomation in manufacturing processes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 9: Delivering Value from Innovation\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCommercialization\u003c/strong\u003e: Illustrates the challenges of\ncommercializing innovations and the need for effective marketing\nand distribution strategies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntellectual Property\u003c/strong\u003e: Discusses the importance of managing\nintellectual property to capture value from innovations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChapter 10: Five Future Challenges\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSustainable Business\u003c/strong\u003e: Examines the growing importance of\nenvironmental sustainability and corporate social responsibility\nin innovation management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBasic Research\u003c/strong\u003e: Discusses the continued importance of basic\nresearch for long-term innovation and the challenges of\ntranslating research into commercial applications.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese case studies are used to illustrate various points and themes\nthroughout the book, providing practical examples to support theoretical\ndiscussions.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "LLM Model Access", "date_published": "2024-09-07T15:10:14-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-09-07T15:10:14-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/aibots/perplexity/llm-model-access/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/aibots/perplexity/llm-model-access/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePerplexity Pro gives you access to several advanced AI Large Language\nModels (LLM), each with its own strengths and capabilities.They appear\nwhen you click the \u0026lsquo;Rewrite\u0026rsquo; button or you can go to your profile to\nchoose one of them. TODO\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll models have a context window of around 32,000 tokens, allowing for\nprocessing of lengthy inputs and generating detailed outputs. Tokens are\nbasic building blocks of text and can be individual characters,\nwhole/parts of words, or larger amounts of text. Apparently one token\naverages out to about 4 characters of text for standard English. The AI\nbreaks text down into tokens in order to process it. See \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/aimonks/demystifying-tokens-a-beginners-guide-to-understanding-ai-building-blocks-8e00110be553\"\u003eDemystifying\nTokens: A Beginners Guide To Understanding AI Building\nBlocks\u003c/a\u003e\nfor a good explanation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe best model for your needs depends on the specific task at hand. Here\nare some general guidelines:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor quick, general searches: Use the Default model\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor complex reasoning or academic tasks: Try GPT-4 Turbo or Claude 3\nOpus\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor creative writing or content generation: GPT-4 Turbo or Claude 3\nSonnet might be good choices\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor tasks requiring fast responses: Consider GPT-4o\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor queries that benefit from Perplexity\u0026rsquo;s search technology: Sonar\n32k could be a good option\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo fully understand which model works best for you, it\u0026rsquo;s recommended to\nexperiment with different models for various types of queries and\ncompare the results.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRemember that while these models are powerful, they should be used as\ntools to augment human intelligence rather than replace it, especially\nfor critical tasks or decision-making processes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are some answers to questions about these LLMs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhat are the main differences between GPT-4o and Claude 3.5\nSonnet?\u003c/strong\u003e GPT-4o excels in speed and real-time processing, Claude 3.5\nSonnet appears to have an edge in overall performance, especially in\nareas like code generation, reasoning, and specific tasks like image\ntext transcription.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHow does Perplexity Pro Search handle multi-step reasoning?\u003c/strong\u003e The\npro search breaking down complex queries, chaining multiple searches,\nperforms deeper research, improved accuracy, provides structured\nresponses, handling interdisciplinary questions, enhanced\nproblem-solving.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCan Perplexity Pro Search solve complex mathematical problems?\u003c/strong\u003e Yes\nby integration with Wolfram|Alpha engine and using multi-step\nreasoning, it becomes a powerful tool for tackling complex\nmathematical problems, offering both accuracy and detailed\nproblem-solving processes. TODO: investigate wolfram integration and\npossibilities (step-by-step answers).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"default-model-pro-search\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDefault Model Pro Search \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#default-model-pro-search\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptimized for fastest results and web browsing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFine-tuned specifically for quick searches\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBest for general queries and rapid information retrieval\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"gpt-4-turbo\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGPT-4 Turbo \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#gpt-4-turbo\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpenAI\u0026rsquo;s renowned model that powers ChatGPT\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExcels in reasoning and natural language processing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDisplays human-level performance on various professional and academic\nbenchmarks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIdeal for complex tasks, creative writing, and in-depth analysis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"gpt-4o\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGPT-4o \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#gpt-4o\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe newest update to the GPT family of models\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA universal multimodal model known for its impressive speed\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVersatile for various tasks, especially those requiring quick\nresponses\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"claude-3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eClaude 3 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#claude-3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAvailable in two versions: Sonnet and Opus\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpus is considered the most advanced LLM available\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNote: There\u0026rsquo;s a limit on Opus queries, but they replenish quickly\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExcellent for tasks requiring advanced reasoning and nuanced\nunderstanding\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sonar-32k\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSonar 32k \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sonar-32k\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBased on the open-source LlaMa 3 model, trained in-house by Perplexity\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompatible with Perplexity\u0026rsquo;s cutting-edge search technology\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComes in \u0026rsquo;large\u0026rsquo; and \u0026lsquo;huge\u0026rsquo; flavors\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGood for general-purpose tasks and queries that benefit from\nPerplexity\u0026rsquo;s search capabilities\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "An Introduction", "date_published": "2024-09-07T13:54:00-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-09-07T13:54:00-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/aibots/perplexity/an-introduction/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/aibots/perplexity/an-introduction/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis page provides a simple introduction to perplexity as well as some\nresources that can be consulted to get a good idea of what this aibot\ncan do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"what-is-perplexity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat is perplexity? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-is-perplexity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDefinition\u003c/strong\u003e: A conversational search engine that answers queries\nusing natural language predictive text, utilizing sources from the\nweb.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLaunch Date\u003c/strong\u003e: 2022\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTechnology Base\u003c/strong\u003e: Based on OpenAI\u0026rsquo;s GPT-3.5 model and a standalone\nLLM with NLP capabilities for its free product. Pro version accesses\nGPT-4, Claude 2, and others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerplexity is not its own AI engine but rather a platform that provides\naccess to advanced AI models from OpenAI and Anthropic, such as GPT-4\nTurbo and Claude 3 Sonnet and Opus. It is designed to enhance search\ncapabilities and generate accurate answers by utilizing these\nstate-of-the-art models. Perplexity Pro (PP) offers a more comprehensive\nand organized search experience compared to traditional AI chatbots,\nallowing users to sort queries and access a variety of models for\ndifferent needs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"layout\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLayout \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#layout\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe core features are listed below and are essential to know well in\norder to use PP effectively. They also form the primary structure of the\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai/\"\u003ePerplexity website\u003c/a\u003e composed of the 3 units\ndescribed below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"search-box\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSearch box \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#search-box\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the starting point for PP where you can \u0026ldquo;ask anything\u0026rdquo;! The\nresults are returned with the links to the pages PP used to get\ninformation. The search can be quick or pro (as described below), but PP\nsays that its quick search is better than the regular perplexity\u0026rsquo;s pro\nsearch.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSearches can be customized in the following ways:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eQuick\u003c/strong\u003e provides fast, basic answers. There is no limit to the\nnumber of these you can enter.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePro\u003c/strong\u003e engages in a conversation, asks clarifying questions, and\ndelivers more detailed results. These also show specifics of the\nsearch process such as what is being searched for or created. For\ninstance, when requested to design a tutorial to learn PP, the pro\nsearch listed the following:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSearch for a comprehensive overview of PP features and functionality\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFind or create tutorials focused on using PP effectively\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLook for exercises or practical tasks related to using PP\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFocus\u003c/strong\u003e allows the search to take place in directed venues (as\nopposed to the default entire web) such as\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAcademic papers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMath to solve complex problems (integrating with \u003ca href=\"https://www.wolframalpha.com\"\u003eWolfram\nAlpha\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSocial network discussions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWriting creatively without going to the internet\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVideo on topic requested\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAttach\u003c/strong\u003e allows uploading of documents in various format that will\nused to answer your question\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA cautionary note about searching is to be very specific otherwise the\nsearch will become generalized. For instance, if we want to find out\nabout the \u0026lsquo;Convert to Page\u0026rsquo; feature in PP (even within a thread about\nPP), don\u0026rsquo;t just ask to know what \u0026lsquo;Convert to Page\u0026rsquo; does, because you\nwill get a comprehensive answer like\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe term \u0026ldquo;convert to page\u0026rdquo; typically refers to the process of changing\nthe format or type of a webpage or document. This can be relevant in\ndifferent contexts, such as content management systems or file\nconversion tools. [considerable detail follows!]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnfortunately, there is no efficient mechanism (yet!) for editing the\nthread itself so you are stuck with your well-meaning question and the\nunwanted answer. You can, however, always delete the very last item in\nyour thread.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"discover\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDiscover \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#discover\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is an interesting area where PP explores various topics as directed\nby certain users. There is a wide variety of selections at the top of\nthe page such as:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor You (Personalize Discover with top right corner button)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTop (high general interest)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTech \u0026amp; Science\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFinance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEntertainment\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArts \u0026amp; Culture\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSports\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eItems can be bookmarked for easy access.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"library\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLibrary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#library\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis area contains all your interactions with PP. There are 4 components\nto be aware of:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"prompt\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePrompt \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#prompt\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the rudimentary component to work with. You ask for something\nwith a prompt, and receive an answer. Prompts can be edited using the\nellipsis at the bottom of each answer. The last prompt result can be\ndeleted. Prompts should be intelligently designed to obtain the best\nresults. Every prompt/answer has buttons at the bottom to\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare (copies link to entire thread while pretending to take you to\nspecific place)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRewrite (gives option for LLM to employ)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCopy (in markdown format)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEdit the prompt (ask the question differently)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eView sources using the ellipsis dropdown (lists sources used for\nprompt with removal option)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"thread\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThread \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#thread\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is a series of prompts with answers and is created whenever you ask a\nquestion (or click the Thread+ button at the top). It is possible to\nshare a thread for viewing purposes through its unique url by clicking\nthe Share button at top right corner (or the redundant copy link button\nbeside it). A thread can be retitled by clicking at the top where your\ninitial question is written. A thread can be deleted by using the\nellipsis dropdown at the top. Threads can also be exported with[out]\ncitations. At present, there is no bulk delete each thread must be\ndeleted individually. WARNING: Use awareness if you are planning on\nusing the \u0026lsquo;Delete all threads\u0026rsquo; option, because you will lose everything\nand never get it back! This option appears in the ellipsis dropdown on\nthe Library page.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"collection\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCollection \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#collection\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen a group of threads have a common theme, they can be gathered\ntogether akin to the way folders/directories are a group of files.\nCollections are not like tags because you can put a thread only into one\ncollection. There is also a noname collection called Bookmarks. It is\npossible to swap a thread into a different collection. A collection can\nbe shared by its own unique link for viewing or collaboration.\nCollections are created/deleted by name. Deleting a collection does not\ndelete the threads in that collection though (so you can\u0026rsquo;t do a bulk\ndelete).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"page\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePage \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#page\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis item can be generated from a thread using the \u0026lsquo;Convert to Page\u0026rsquo;\nbutton (top right corner). It can be created independent of a thread as\nwell by clicking the Page+ button at the top. This feature is part of\nthe Perplexity Pages tool, which is designed to help users create\nvisually appealing articles or reports from their research or search\nresults. The button will take pertinent aspects of your thread and\norganize it into sections. You can even add/generate media such as\nimages to parts of the page! You can keep \u003cem\u003epreviewing\u003c/em\u003e the page, and\neventually \u003cem\u003epublish\u003c/em\u003e it. The published page will have its unique link.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy converting a thread into a page, you can present your research or\nfindings in a more polished and organized manner. This is particularly\nuseful for creating content that is meant to be shared with others, such\nas reports, articles, or guides. Web designers can also use this feature\nto assist in creation webpages.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe page can be customized by adding/deleting/moving sections, editing\nsection headings, inserting media into sections, and adjusting the\nlayout. It is similar to a rudimentary webpage designing application,\nbut with some AI working on your behalf! For instance, if you add a\nsection, you are given options on its design as well as some suggestions\non what the section should be based on the content in its vicinity! For\ninstance, adding a section just under the \u0026lsquo;Convert to Page Feature\u0026rsquo;, PP\nsuggested that it could be one of the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExploring PP\u0026rsquo;s AI models\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustomizing PP pages for SEO\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCollaborative Features in PP\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChoosing the middle one, PP entered into the page a process to implement\nwith reference links!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerplexity Pages offer significant potential for SEO optimization when\ncustomized effectively. To maximize SEO benefits, start by identifying\nlow-competition keywords with high potential using tools like\nPerplexity AI\u0026rsquo;s keyword research capabilities. When creating content,\nfocus on generating comprehensive, well-structured articles that\naddress user intent and include relevant headings, subheadings, and\noptimized meta descriptions. Utilize Perplexity\u0026rsquo;s AI-powered content\ngeneration to create an initial draft, then refine and expand the\ncontent to improve its quality and relevance. Incorporate internal and\nexternal links to authoritative sources, and optimize images with\ndescriptive alt text. Regular updates and the addition of fresh,\nrelevant content can help maintain and improve search rankings over\ntimeļæ¼. While Perplexity Pages are gaining visibility in search\nresults, it\u0026rsquo;s crucial to ensure the content provides genuine value and\naccuracy to align with Google\u0026rsquo;s quality guidelines.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"process\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eProcess \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#process\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA good sequence to follow whenever doing research is to:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003estart a thread to get/discuss/analyse information\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eenter it into a collection\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eturn it into a page if you want to summarize/present it\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eshare the link to the thread/page if you want others to see it\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eshare the link to the collection if you want others to collaborate\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"miscellaneous-matters\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMiscellaneous Matters \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#miscellaneous-matters\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"api-credits\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAPI Credits \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#api-credits\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePP provides $5 monthly in API credits, allowing users to access the\nlatest open-source LLMs and embed AI-powered search into their own\nprojects.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"discord-channel-and-exclusive-support\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDiscord Channel and Exclusive Support \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#discord-channel-and-exclusive-support\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePP subscribers have access to a dedicated Discord channel and exclusive\nsupport channels, including Intercom support, with prioritized responses\nwithin 1 to 2 business days.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"referrals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eReferrals \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#referrals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePP offers a referral program with a cap of $10 per billing cycle,\nallowing users to earn credits by referring others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"switching-between-models\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSwitching Between Models \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#switching-between-models\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsers can switch between different AI models within their settings or\ndirectly within a thread by clicking the Rewrite button.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Vivaldi", "date_published": "2024-07-27T20:48:23-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-07-27T20:48:23-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/vivaldi/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/vivaldi/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA browser that is powerful, personal and private, adapting to you, not\nthe other way around.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the best browser we have ever used. It is full of features and\nmakes one work very effectively!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"reading-list\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ereading list \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#reading-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGo to reading list button in side panel and add current page using +.\n(Better than having it on the address bar) this is a very fast way to\nmark a webpage from there we can do bookmark or omnivore.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"cannot-enter-nickname\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecannot enter nickname \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cannot-enter-nickname\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe problem appears to be there is something in the bookmarks trash that\nis getting in the way. After emptying the trash, it accepts the\nnickname.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"toggle-extensions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etoggle extensions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#toggle-extensions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we hide an extension button, the toggle extension button appears\n(so we can view the hidden item again). If we remove the button, there\nis no toggle button.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"tab-stacking\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etab stacking \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tab-stacking\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003euse any method to stack tabs large numbers use shift key and left click\nfor stacking\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esave as session (file \u0026gt; save open tabs as session) reload stack from\nFile \u0026gt; Open Saved Session reorder stack using window panel\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"exports\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eexports \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#exports\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efile \u0026gt; export bookmarks (more intelligent than looking in bookmarks)\nfile \u0026gt; export reading list not working use F2 export reading list\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"issue-with-systemd-v249\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eissue with systemd v249 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#issue-with-systemd-v249\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2021-07-31 Sat\u0026gt; affects all chromium based browsers\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eone solution was to disable systemd-resolve, but then need to setup\n/etc/resolv.conf instead of linking it to\n/run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe other was to downgrade to an earlier version of vivaldi using\ndowngrade from aur, until archlinux makes v249 work properly with\nchromium again\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"lack-of-suitable-h264-error\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003elack of suitable h264 error \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lack-of-suitable-h264-error\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003epacman -S vivaldi-ffmpeg-codecs\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"profile\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eprofile \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#profile\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we changed the name of schnell to admins, vivaldi locked the\nprofile and wouldn\u0026rsquo;t start. After some semi-helpful consultation with\nbing we did: cd .config/vivaldi rm Default/LOCK rm SingletonLock (which\npointed to schnell - 1066)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sync\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esync \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sync\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://help.vivaldi.com/desktop/tools/sync/\"\u003esync help\u003c/a\u003e after sync is\nsetup as per help instructions (including encryption key), it seems to\nhappen automatically though on a remote device we need to close and open\nvivaldi. the remote has to be logged in and have the same encryption key\nof course.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sort-bookmarks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esort bookmarks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sort-bookmarks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003euse sidebar to sort bookmarks to sort bookmark bar, right click in empty\narea and select sort\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"pdf-viewing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003epdf viewing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pdf-viewing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003enot rendering at all difficult to know what the problem is, but it works\nfine if we reboot ā€¦ and probably if we restart x too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"dark-theme\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003edark theme \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dark-theme\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA fair bit of setting up went into getting the dark theme to function\nadequately with vivaldi because forcing it messed up certain websites\nlike amazon.ca, so we had to either toggle into white theme (M-]), or\nadjust the darkness for specific sites using Userstyles. The full\ndiscussion is available on Vivaldi dark theme issue: Blacked-out images\non forced dark websites\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai/search/vivaldi-dark-theme-issue-black-TicJWlOUSMaRYCYRFBoqKw\"\u003ethread\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"vivaldi-social\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://help.vivaldi.com/tutorials/vivaldi-social-on-mastodon-a-step-by-step-tutorial/\"\u003evivaldi social\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#vivaldi-social\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethis may be a good way to get into mastedon\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Rosegarden", "date_published": "2024-07-27T20:22:30-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-07-27T20:22:30-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/rosegarden/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/rosegarden/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eRosegarden is a music composition and editing environment based around a\nMIDI sequencer that features a rich understanding of music notation and\nincludes basic support for digital audio. Most important, it can produce\nlilypond files.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is likely the best composing option we have beyond plain text\nentry. One major advantage it offers is the ability to insert bars when\nthere are multiple voices which both denemo and musescore can do, but is\nlaborious with lilypond code. Ideally, we should be able to work with rg\nand lilypond (via emacs | frescobaldi)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe rg input and playback systems are excellent and there is also a\nnotation view. However, the actual conversion to lilypond may not be as\ngood as we\u0026rsquo;d like it to be.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEAN!!! Experiment As Needed!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"intro-info\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eintro info \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#intro-info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emost of the items here are from the rgwiki purpose is to serve as the\nsequencer of choice for users who prefer to work with music notation.\nprovides a segment-based mechanism for arranging blocks of MIDI and\naudio data on a canvas\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.rosegardenmusic.com/tutorials/\"\u003etutorials\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.rosegardenmusic.com/wiki/Frequently_Asked_Questions\"\u003efaq\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"multiple-voices\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003emultiple voices \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#multiple-voices\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo in seperate segments, change the stem orientations (up|down), put\nonto same track. However, when this converts to lilypond, rg forces\nseparate voices in the code. While the final product looks just right,\nthe ly code is very difficult to work with on it\u0026rsquo;s own as well as trying\nto migrate it into lynew.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTherefore, it seems best to just get the other voices to appear in the\nsame segment even though you\u0026rsquo;ll get ties. Then these can be voiced by ly\nrequirements - may be design a script to do it. Approaching the issue\nthis way is also much simpler as far as inputting goes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"arpeggio-symbol\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003earpeggio symbol \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#arpeggio-symbol\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCan be done easily by using T button and then Arp as a ly directive. The\nresult is quite good!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"installation-components\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003einstallation components \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#installation-components\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/FluidSynth\"\u003efluidsynth\u003c/a\u003e ln -s\nFluidR3_GM\u003c/sub\u003e.sf2 default.sf2 (\u003cem\u003eusr/share/soundfonts\u003c/em\u003e) setup\n/etc/conf.d/fluidsynth (soundfont and alsa daemon) aconnect -o\naplaymidi -p128:0\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/JACK_Audio_Connection_Kit#Installation\"\u003ejack2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003epipewire pipewire-alsa, pipewire-jack and things work!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efluidsynth gave no latency, but kept crashing. timidity didn\u0026rsquo;t crash\nbut lagged, so we looked at libao with -OO \u003ca href=\"https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=2039142#p2039142\"\u003elatency with midi\nkeyboard, timidity++ and\nrosegarden\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehere is the solution i finally found to my problem.\n/usr/lib/systemd/user/timidity.service contains the lines [Service]\nExecStart=/usr/bin/timidity -iA so i just need to add on -OO to this\nand it works by putting me in libao! however, it didn\u0026rsquo;t enable from\n~/.config/systemd/user/ giving Unit\n~/.config/systemd/user/timidity.service is added as a dependency to a\nnon-existent unit multi-user.target\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"rg-without-softsynth\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erg without softsynth \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rg-without-softsynth\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaven\u0026rsquo;t been able to get it to work just just soundfont or linuxsampler.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot possible as per Bing:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo, you cannot use a soundfont directly in Rosegarden without fluidsynth\nor another softsynth. Rosegarden is a MIDI sequencer, not a synthesizer.\nIt can only send MIDI data to an output device, but it cannot generate\nsound by itself. You need a software or hardware synthesizer to play the\nMIDI data and produce soundĀ¹.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA soundfont is a file that contains samples of real instruments, such as\npiano, guitar, violin, etc. A soundfont can be used by a software\nsynthesizer, such as fluidsynth, to play the samples according to the\nMIDI data. A software synthesizer can also use other methods of\nsynthesis, such as additive, subtractive, FM, etc., to create sounds\nfrom scratchĀ².\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFluidsynth is a software synthesizer that can use soundfonts or other\nsynthesis methods to generate sound from MIDI data. It can run as a\nstandalone application or as a DSSI plugin in Rosegarden. You can load\ndifferent soundfonts into fluidsynth and select different instruments\nfor each track in RosegardenĀ³.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you want to use a soundfont directly in Rosegarden without\nfluidsynth, you will need a hardware synthesizer that can load\nsoundfonts, such as the Sound Blaster series of soundcards. You will\nneed to connect the hardware synthesizer to your computer via a MIDI\ninterface and configure Rosegarden to use it as an output port. You will\nalso need to load the soundfont into the hardware synthesizer using a\nutility program, such as sfxloadā“.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI hope this explains why you need fluidsynth or another softsynth to use\na soundfont in Rosegarden. šŸ˜Š\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Conversation with Bing, 9/5/2023 (1)\nfrequently_askedquestions\u003c/sub\u003e | Rosegarden Wiki.\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.rosegardenmusic.com/wiki/Frequently_Asked_Questions\"\u003ehttps://www.rosegardenmusic.com/wiki/Frequently_Asked_Questions\u003c/a\u003e. (2)\nImproving Your Linux System For Creating Music - Rosegarden: music.\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.rosegardenmusic.com/tutorials/qsynth-rosegarden/index.html\"\u003ehttps://www.rosegardenmusic.com/tutorials/qsynth-rosegarden/index.html\u003c/a\u003e.\n(3) LinuxQuestions.org - [SOLVED] Rosegarden, FluidSynth, and JACK\nrefuse ā€¦.\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/slackware-14/rosegarden-fluidsynth-and-jack-refuse-to-work-4175420532-print/\"\u003ehttps://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/slackware-14/rosegarden-fluidsynth-and-jack-refuse-to-work-4175420532-print/\u003c/a\u003e.\n(4) using_rosegardenwithqsynthlookmanojackd\u003c/sub\u003e | Rosegarden\nWiki.\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.rosegardenmusic.com/wiki/using_rosegarden_with_qsynth_look_ma_no_jackd\"\u003ehttps://www.rosegardenmusic.com/wiki/using_rosegarden_with_qsynth_look_ma_no_jackd\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"rg-with-timidity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erg with timidity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rg-with-timidity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eusing qpwgraph, crackling sounds are sometimes heard probably due to\nsome feedback loop if usb audio device (or whatever) capture mono -\u0026gt;\nrosegarden record in 1 L disconnecting this seems to work and crackling\ndisappears (sometimes even if we reconnect)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"rg-with-yoshimi\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erg with yoshimi \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rg-with-yoshimi\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea minor issue is that unlike timidity, yoshimi isn\u0026rsquo;t playing the very\nfirst note (though the sounds come out much cleaner). so we should\nprobably always have a blank bar. printouts work fine though since the\nblankbar is ignored.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eall this in the post works, but yoshimi needs to be run in floating\nmode, otherwise the changes in rg won\u0026rsquo;t come through. or just start it\nin cli.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe numbers of the instruments are changed, but the banks aren\u0026rsquo;t ā€¦ yet\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"yoshimirgd\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eyoshimi.rgd \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#yoshimirgd\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethis has to go to ~/.local/share/rosegarden/library/, but the one we\ndownloaded doesn\u0026rsquo;t match with the actualy instruments. so we mv\nyoshimi.rgd yoshimi.rgd.gz gunzip yoshimi.rgd.gz and edit it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eone issue is updating the id numbers for The_MysteriousBank\u003c/sub\u003e\nand since sed doesn\u0026rsquo;t do non-greedy, use perl perl -pe\n\u0026rsquo;s/id=\u0026quot;(+Ģ£)\u0026quot;/\u0026ldquo;id=\\\u0026rdquo;.($1+1).\u0026quot;\\\u0026quot;/e\u0026rsquo; tt.tt not that we really understand\nthis too well - we require some lang may be clojure, rust ā€¦ to make such\nmanipulations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003erather than do the above we wrote script\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cp\"\u003e#!/usr/bin/env zsh\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# creates ~/.local/share/rosegarden/library/yoshimi.rgd from /usr/share/yoshimi/banks\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# usage: jri (must use zsh or parameter substitution will not work)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eYDIR\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e/usr/share/yoshimi/banks\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eyoshimirgd\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e~/.local/share/rosegarden/library/yoshimi.rgd\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# first part of a yoshimi.rgd file\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eT1\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u0026lt;?xml version=\u0026#34;1.0\u0026#34; encoding=\u0026#34;UTF-8\u0026#34;?\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026lt;!DOCTYPE rosegarden-data\u0026gt;\u0026lt;rosegarden-data version=\u0026#34;4-0.9.1\u0026#34;\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;studio recordfilter=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; thrufilter=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34;\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;device direction=\u0026#34;play\u0026#34; id=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;Yoshimi\u0026#34; type=\u0026#34;midi\u0026#34; variation=\u0026#34;LSB\u0026#34;\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;librarian email=\u0026#34;lorenzofsutton@gmail.com\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;Lorenzo Sutton\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;controls\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;control colourindex=\u0026#34;2\u0026#34; controllervalue=\u0026#34;10\u0026#34; default=\u0026#34;64\u0026#34; description=\u0026#34;\u0026amp;lt;none\u0026amp;gt;\u0026#34; ipbposition=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; max=\u0026#34;127\u0026#34; min=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;Pan\u0026#34; type=\u0026#34;controller\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;control colourindex=\u0026#34;3\u0026#34; controllervalue=\u0026#34;93\u0026#34; default=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; description=\u0026#34;\u0026amp;lt;none\u0026amp;gt;\u0026#34; ipbposition=\u0026#34;1\u0026#34; max=\u0026#34;127\u0026#34; min=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;Chorus\u0026#34; type=\u0026#34;controller\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;control colourindex=\u0026#34;1\u0026#34; controllervalue=\u0026#34;7\u0026#34; default=\u0026#34;100\u0026#34; description=\u0026#34;\u0026amp;lt;none\u0026amp;gt;\u0026#34; ipbposition=\u0026#34;2\u0026#34; max=\u0026#34;127\u0026#34; min=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;Volume\u0026#34; type=\u0026#34;controller\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;control colourindex=\u0026#34;3\u0026#34; controllervalue=\u0026#34;91\u0026#34; default=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; description=\u0026#34;\u0026amp;lt;none\u0026amp;gt;\u0026#34; ipbposition=\u0026#34;3\u0026#34; max=\u0026#34;127\u0026#34; min=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;Reverb\u0026#34; type=\u0026#34;controller\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;control colourindex=\u0026#34;4\u0026#34; controllervalue=\u0026#34;64\u0026#34; default=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; description=\u0026#34;\u0026amp;lt;none\u0026amp;gt;\u0026#34; ipbposition=\u0026#34;-1\u0026#34; max=\u0026#34;127\u0026#34; min=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;Sustain\u0026#34; type=\u0026#34;controller\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;control colourindex=\u0026#34;2\u0026#34; controllervalue=\u0026#34;11\u0026#34; default=\u0026#34;127\u0026#34; description=\u0026#34;\u0026amp;lt;none\u0026amp;gt;\u0026#34; ipbposition=\u0026#34;-1\u0026#34; max=\u0026#34;127\u0026#34; min=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;Expression\u0026#34; type=\u0026#34;controller\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;control colourindex=\u0026#34;4\u0026#34; controllervalue=\u0026#34;1\u0026#34; default=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; description=\u0026#34;\u0026amp;lt;none\u0026amp;gt;\u0026#34; ipbposition=\u0026#34;-1\u0026#34; max=\u0026#34;127\u0026#34; min=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;Modulation\u0026#34; type=\u0026#34;controller\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;control colourindex=\u0026#34;2\u0026#34; controllervalue=\u0026#34;74\u0026#34; default=\u0026#34;64\u0026#34; description=\u0026#34;\u0026amp;lt;none\u0026amp;gt;\u0026#34; ipbposition=\u0026#34;2\u0026#34; max=\u0026#34;127\u0026#34; min=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;Cutoff Freq\u0026#34; type=\u0026#34;controller\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;control colourindex=\u0026#34;2\u0026#34; controllervalue=\u0026#34;71\u0026#34; default=\u0026#34;64\u0026#34; description=\u0026#34;\u0026amp;lt;none\u0026amp;gt;\u0026#34; ipbposition=\u0026#34;2\u0026#34; max=\u0026#34;127\u0026#34; min=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;Resonance\u0026#34; type=\u0026#34;controller\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;control colourindex=\u0026#34;2\u0026#34; controllervalue=\u0026#34;73\u0026#34; default=\u0026#34;64\u0026#34; description=\u0026#34;\u0026amp;lt;none\u0026amp;gt;\u0026#34; ipbposition=\u0026#34;2\u0026#34; max=\u0026#34;127\u0026#34; min=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;Attack time\u0026#34; type=\u0026#34;controller\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;control colourindex=\u0026#34;2\u0026#34; controllervalue=\u0026#34;72\u0026#34; default=\u0026#34;64\u0026#34; description=\u0026#34;\u0026amp;lt;none\u0026amp;gt;\u0026#34; ipbposition=\u0026#34;2\u0026#34; max=\u0026#34;127\u0026#34; min=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;Release time\u0026#34; type=\u0026#34;controller\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;control colourindex=\u0026#34;4\u0026#34; controllervalue=\u0026#34;1\u0026#34; default=\u0026#34;8192\u0026#34; description=\u0026#34;\u0026amp;lt;none\u0026amp;gt;\u0026#34; ipbposition=\u0026#34;-1\u0026#34; max=\u0026#34;16383\u0026#34; min=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;PitchBend\u0026#34; type=\u0026#34;pitchbend\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026lt;/controls\u0026gt;\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# second part of a yoshimi.rgd file\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eT2\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u0026lt;/device\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026lt;/studio\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026lt;/rosegarden-data\u0026gt;\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# put part1 on\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$T1\u003c/span\u003e \u0026gt; \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$yoshimirgd\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# go to /usr/share/yoshimi/banks for further operations\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ecd\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$YDIR\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# templates to substitute into\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eBtempl\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u0026lt;bank lsb=\u0026#34;0\u0026#34; msb=\u0026#34;NUM\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;BANK\u0026#34; percussion=\u0026#34;false\u0026#34;\u0026gt;\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eItempl\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u0026lt;program category=\u0026#34;BANK\u0026#34; id=\u0026#34;IDEN\u0026#34; name=\u0026#34;NAME\u0026#34; /\u0026gt;\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# put the banks and instruments in to the yoshimi.rgd file\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eN\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"m\"\u003e0\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e BA in \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e$(\u003c/span\u003els -1 \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eLC_COLLATE\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003eC sort\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e((\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eN\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e+=\u003c/span\u003e5\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eBtxt\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eBtempl\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e:\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003es\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e/NUM/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$N\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e:\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003es\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e/BANK/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$BA\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$Btxt\u003c/span\u003e \u0026gt;\u0026gt; \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$yoshimirgd\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e IN in \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$BA\u003c/span\u003e/*\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#ID=${${IN%%-*}#*/}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eID\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e$(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eIN\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e%%-*\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e#*/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e bc\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#str-\u0026gt;int\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e((\u003c/span\u003eID-\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e1\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#dec ID so instruments match up on import\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eNAM\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eIN\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e#*-\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e%.*\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eItxt\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${${${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eItempl\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e:\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003es\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e/IDEN/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$ID\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e:\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003es\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e/NAME/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$NAM\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e:\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003es\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e/BANK/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$BA\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$Itxt\u003c/span\u003e \u0026gt;\u0026gt; \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$yoshimirgd\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u0026lt;/bank\u0026gt;\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u0026gt;\u0026gt; \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$yoshimirgd\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# put the part2 into the yoshimi.rgd\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$T2\u003c/span\u003e \u0026gt;\u0026gt; \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$yoshimirgd\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;all done\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eexit\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"post-folderol\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003epost @folderol \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#post-folderol\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei have things working now pretty nicely between yoshimi and rg.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei downloaded this\n\u003ca href=\"https://sourceforge.net/p/rosegarden/code/HEAD/tree/trunk/rosegarden/data/library/yoshimi.rgd?format=raw\"\u003eyoshimi.rgd\u003c/a\u003e\nafter reading this thread which addressed an issue i was having with rg\nresetting anything i did in yoshimi to whatever it felt like (well\nthat\u0026rsquo;s what it felt like): \u003ca href=\"https://rosegarden-user.narkive.com/mmi4eF6A/rosegarden-yoshimi-issue\"\u003eRosegarden - Yoshimi\nissue\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei put the yoshimi.rgd into ~/.local/share/rosegarden/library/ where\nthere are a huge number of rgd files for various instruments and\nsynthesizers (too i guess).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethen in rg, i went into Studio \u0026gt; Manage MIDI Devices where i\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edeleted the default general midi bank (though it keeps coming back,\nhence i have to open a template), because i don\u0026rsquo;t really need it and\nnever could do anything with it either\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecreated a new device (click New in topleft box), then click Bank,\nthen click Import (bottom left box).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe import button gave me access to the yoshimi.rgd file and eventually\ni had the banks and instruments showing up in the instrument parameters\nbox from where i could assign them to various tracks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei found though that i had to set the channel dropdown to \u0026lsquo;fixed\u0026rsquo; or all\nthe tracks would change to the same thing when i set a single track.\nevery instrument i set for an rg midi track, is reflected in yoshimi\ntoo! (however, that is true only within the bank that is chosen on\nyoshimi if the instrument number exists - i can\u0026rsquo;t seem to change the\nbank in yoshimi from rg - may be we shouldn\u0026rsquo;t and just gather up the\ninstruments we want into a custom bank?)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei midied out the melody, and a piano accompaniment for the first 4 bars\nof twinkle, twinkle little start - hey, jane taylor and mozart (even\nthough he didn\u0026rsquo;t really write the melody) would be pleased. then i\nrecorded audio in rg, singing out both (though not simultaneously) a\ntenor and baritone part - neither jane nor wolfgang would have been\npleased, but rg didn\u0026rsquo;t crash!! (may be because yoshimi was doing the\nmidi heavy lifting instead of timidity|fluidsynth?)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eso, assuming this is the a|the correct way to do these things, all is\nwell indeed!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"todo-ornaments\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"todo TODO\"\u003eTODO\u003c/span\u003e ornaments \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#todo-ornaments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhile not as convenient as musescore, we likely have much better control\nof the ornaments played as midi in rg than lilypond\u0026rsquo;s articulate.ly, so\nwe should create a file of ornaments that can be used in any\ncomposition. this file needs to be loaded first and then we merge the\nactual composition file to work with.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"rg-lyrics-entry-avoid\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erg lyrics entry AVOID \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rg-lyrics-entry-avoid\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecompose notes copy lyrics editor template (which contains the note\nlayout nicely) input using emacs (seems to be much faster than using the\nrg editor) paste emacs work into lyrics editor\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eonly purpose verses serve is if you want same music as with hymns - for\npraductions, it is likely going to mess everything up!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"done-rg---ly\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"done DONE\"\u003eDONE\u003c/span\u003e rg -\u0026gt; ly \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#done-rg---ly\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esome things don\u0026rsquo;t quite come out as well\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewe can play with rg\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewe can copy and paste rg notes into established ly templates\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewe can modify specific parts of the rgly with a script (probably best\nsolution and DONE!)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"tour\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.rosegardenmusic.com/tour/\"\u003etour\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tour\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEditing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMIDI Configurations for over 100 well-known MIDI synths are included\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNotation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAudio let Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s sample-accurate audio engine do the hard work\n-\u0026gt; this might be the issue?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSynths not sure what this is\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration jack is standard, but we use pipewire-jack and wonder if\nthis is why audio crashes?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"handbook\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.rosegardenmusic.com/doc/en/index.html\"\u003ehandbook\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#handbook\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1-introduction\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1. Introduction \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1-introduction\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden is a versatile software that functions as both a MIDI and\naudio sequencer and a musical notation editor.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt allows users to record, arrange, compose music in traditional\nscore, MIDI data, or audio formats.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsers can write, edit, and organize music compositions and add\nsynthesization, effects, and mixdown capabilities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden provides comprehensive notation editing for high-quality\nprinted output.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe software is designed to be user-friendly for both experienced\nLinux users and newcomers to music software.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe handbook serves as a reference for Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s capabilities and\nconcepts and can be used sequentially or as a reference guide.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsers can access tutorials on the Rosegarden website for further\nassistance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden\u0026rsquo;s functions are typically accessible through menus, but\nkeyboard shortcuts and toolbar icons are also available for\nconvenience.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome of Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s features are optional, depending on the\ninstallation and available libraries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDependencies for optional features are documented in the Rosegarden\nREADME and configuration documentation, and users should consult their\nconfiguration documentation or distributor if certain features are not\nvisible in their version of Rosegarden.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"2-rosegarden-files-and-documents\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2. Rosegarden Files and Documents \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#2-rosegarden-files-and-documents\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden stores compositions in its own internal format with a .rg\nfile extension.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt can also handle various standard file formats.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eNew compositions\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen starting Rosegarden, a new document with an empty composition is\ncreated, requiring users to either record or create segments to start\nediting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSegments are blank lengths of music that can be filled in using\nediting tools.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe software\u0026rsquo;s binary file format is actually gzipped XML, despite\ncomplaints about its opacity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eUsing Midi Files\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden provides functions for importing and exporting MIDI files\nthrough \u0026ldquo;File-\u0026gt;Import-\u0026gt;Import MIDI File\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;File-\u0026gt;Export-\u0026gt;Export\nMIDI File.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile Rosegarden can work with file formats like MIDI, it does not\nstore MIDI data internally.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s advisable to save files in Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s own format to retain\ncomprehensive information, as exporting to MIDI may result in the loss\nor rearrangement of certain file structure details.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen loading a MIDI file in Rosegarden, it organizes the music into\nseparate tracks for each MIDI track or channel, establishes instrument\nmappings, and attempts to generate plausible notation for the MIDI\nperformance data.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eRosegarden Project Files\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden composition files (.rg) store note information, MIDI\ncontroller settings, plugin details, and audio file references for a\ncomposition.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe actual audio files are not stored within the composition file, and\nusers are responsible for managing their location on disk.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden Project files are helpful for conveniently bundling a\ncomposition, its associated audio files, plugin data, and additional\nfiles into one package.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo export a composition and its data as a Rosegarden Project file, use\n\u0026ldquo;File-\u0026gt;Export-\u0026gt;Export Rosegarden Project fileā€¦\u0026rdquo;; to import such a\nfile and reconstruct a composition, use \u0026ldquo;File-\u0026gt;Import-\u0026gt;Import\nRosegarden Project fileā€¦\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s important to note that Rosegarden Project format is for\ninterchange purposes, not long-term archival, and compatibility may\nvary between Rosegarden versions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eOther file formats\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden supports exporting to and importing from various file\nformats, providing flexibility in working with different music\nsystems.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCsound: Export score files for the Csound synthesis system using\n\u0026ldquo;File-\u0026gt;Export-\u0026gt;Export Csound score fileā€¦,\u0026rdquo; although not all\nRosegarden data may be saved in Csound format.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMup: Save the current composition as a new Mup file using\n\u0026ldquo;File-\u0026gt;Export-\u0026gt;Export Mup fileā€¦,\u0026rdquo; suitable for use with the Mup\nmusic publication system, though some adjustments may be needed for\nquality output.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMusicXML: Use \u0026ldquo;File-\u0026gt;Export-\u0026gt;Export MusicXML fileā€¦\u0026rdquo; to save the\ncomposition as a MusicXML file, compatible with music software\nsupporting MusicXML, but note that support is experimental and may not\npreserve all data.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHydrogen: Rosegarden can import h2song files from the Hydrogen drum\nmachine, creating a MIDI-style structure with one track per pattern.\nAudio samples are not imported; use \u0026ldquo;File-\u0026gt;Import-\u0026gt;Import Hydrogen\nfileā€¦\u0026rdquo; for this.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden 2.1: Create a new composition from an existing X11\nRosegarden v2.1 (.rose) file using \u0026ldquo;File-\u0026gt;Import-\u0026gt;Import Rosegarden\n2.1 fileā€¦\u0026rdquo; for compatibility.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eMerging files\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn Rosegarden, you can merge external files into the current document,\nincorporating their data into the existing composition.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo perform a merge, use the appropriate option found on the\nFile-\u0026gt;Merge submenu instead of the Open or Import options.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003ePrinting\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden offers the ability to print compositions as musical scores.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrinting directly from MIDI data may result in less readable output,\nso it\u0026rsquo;s recommended to use the notation editor to tidy up the score\nbefore printing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile Rosegarden is capable of producing readable scores, for true\nprint-quality scores, users should consider using LilyPond in\nconjunction with Rosegarden.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLilyPond is a dedicated music typesetting software that produces\nhigh-quality typeset output from specialized text files.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden can export LilyPond files using \u0026ldquo;File-\u0026gt;Export-\u0026gt;Export\nLilyPond,\u0026rdquo; and it provides access to LilyPond features not available\nin Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s native interface.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe File-\u0026gt;Preview with LilyPond function allows for convenient\npreviewing of LilyPond-formatted scores using a PDF viewer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLilyPond options are available when exporting, previewing, or printing\nwith LilyPond, offering additional customization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eLilyPond options\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen using LilyPond export functions in Rosegarden, a dialog allows\nfor specific LilyPond export options.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLilyPond export supports various paper sizes and landscape mode for\nprinting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFont size settings can be adjusted to control the size of notes and\nstaffs on the printed score.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsers can choose to export content from all tracks, non-muted tracks,\nthe currently selected track, or selected segments.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere\u0026rsquo;s an option to merge tracks with the same name, useful for\ncreating piano scores with multiple voices.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTempo marks, lyrics, and beamings can be exported based on user\npreferences.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsers can adjust the alignment of lyrics as Left, Center, or Right.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;Ragged bottom\u0026rdquo; option allows for positioning extra vertical space\nat the bottom of the page when there are few staffs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnabling \u0026ldquo;point-and-click\u0026rdquo; debugging allows clicking notes in the PDF\noutput to open the LilyPond source.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLilyPond can produce MIDI output, and users can choose to enable this\noption.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHeaders in LilyPond output can be edited both in the export dialog and\nthrough the Composition-\u0026gt;Edit Document Properties function.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNewPrinting compositions must either record something, or create some\nblank lengths of music (referred to as \u0026ldquo;segments\u0026rdquo;) that you can then\nfill in\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing MIDI files it does not store MIDI data internally Rosegarden\nsplits out the music into one track per MIDI track or channel in the\nfile\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRosegarden Project files contains your composition, all of the audio\nfiles it uses, any further data files required for plugins used in the\ncomposition, and any additional files you may want to include, all in\none big bundle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOther file formats Rosegarden can export to and import from a number\nof other file formats.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMerging files loading or importing the data from the file, as\nnecessary, and adding it to the existing composition\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting to produce true print-quality scores you should consider\nusing LilyPond in conjunction with Rosegarden\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLilyPond options export All tracks, Non-muted tracks, the current\nSelected track, or Selected segments Merge tracks that have the same\nname: for voices Export tempo marks Export lyrics: don\u0026rsquo;t do lyrics\nhere Export beamings: use lp default Export block Headers: do\nautomatically through lypdnew.sh\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"3-the-track-editor\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3. The Track Editor \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#3-the-track-editor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eOverview\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden\u0026rsquo;s layout is centered around a track structure, common to\nmany sequencers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe main window features a track editor with a list of tracks and\ntheir associated instruments displayed on the left side.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsers can manipulate and move blocks of music data referred to as\n\u0026ldquo;segments\u0026rdquo; within the track editor.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpecialized editors like notation, matrix, percussion matrix, and\nevent list can be used to work with segments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe type of segment created depends on the track it\u0026rsquo;s placed on; for\nexample, an audio track creates audio segments, and a MIDI track\ncreates MIDI segments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrack parameters can be set to pre-select segment properties at the\ntrack level and fine-tune MIDI recording.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTracks can be assigned to various MIDI, plugin synth, or audio\ninstruments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe button area on the left of the segment canvas displays track\nnumber, mute and record status, and track labels.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsers can mute/unmute tracks andselect a track as a record target by\nclicking on the respective buttons.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrack labels are optional and can be displayed via the Settings-\u0026gt;Show\nTrack Labels menu option, otherwise, instrument assignments are shown.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eTracks and instruments\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach track in Rosegarden must have an instrument assigned to it to\nproduce sound.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe first 16 tracks are typically assigned to the 16 instruments of\nthe first available MIDI device, while the next 16 tracks are assigned\nto audio.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo change the instrument assignment for a track, right-click on the\ntrack label, and a pop-up menu will allow you to select from available\ninstruments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstruments can represent a single channel on a MIDI device or a\nmono/stereo audio output or audio synth plugin.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMIDI or synth plugin instruments are suitable for tracks containing\nnote data, while audio instruments are used for tracks containing\naudio.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMultiple tracks can be assigned to the same instrument, causing them\nto produce sounds in a similar way.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Instrument Parameter Box allows users to adjust various properties\nof the instrument associated with a track, such as selecting a\nspecific patch for a MIDI instrument to produce a particular sound.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor more information about instruments, users can refer to the Studio\nsection.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eCreating segments\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo create an empty segment in Rosegarden, use the pencil tool, which\nis typically the default active tool when starting Rosegarden.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClick on the pencil icon on the toolbar and then click at the point\nwhere you want the segment to start, at the appropriate height for the\ntrack and the correct time.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrag rightwards to define the length of the segment in bars.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSegments can also be created using the Select tool by clicking and\ndragging with the middle mouse button or the left button with Ctrl\nheld down.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf you need to draw a segment longer than the visible canvas, the\ncanvas will scroll automatically once you reach its edge. [Can also\nuse Segment \u0026gt; Stretch or Squash to assign number of measures.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHolding Shift while clicking and dragging prevents the snap-to-grid\neffect.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNew segments are initially in yellow color and display a treble clef\nby default.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExplore track parameters for more segment customization options.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo create a segment that starts in the middle of an existing segment,\nhold Ctrl and Alt when clicking. The track will expand to accommodate\nthe new segment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter creating a segment, you can edit it using the matrix, percussion\nmatrix, or notation editors by double-clicking on the segment or\nright-clicking and choosing the desired editor from the context menu.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen recording from a MIDI device or audio input, new segments are\nautomatically created for each recording.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eAudio segments\u003c/u\u003e [probably will not use because of lmms]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn audio segment in Rosegarden contains recorded or sampled audio\ndata, not editable note-event data.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden enables you to record, play, arrange, and split audio\nsegments but does not offer audio waveform editing features.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can create an audio segment by recording from an audio source onto\na track assigned to an audio instrument or by working with existing\nWAV files.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo manage audio segments, use the audio manager dialog accessible\nthrough File-\u0026gt;Manage Audio Files.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can import audio files by dragging and dropping them into the\naudio file manager or using its File menu.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo add audio files to a track, either drag-and-drop them onto\nRosegarden\u0026rsquo;s track canvas or use the audio file manager\u0026rsquo;s\nAction-\u0026gt;Insert into Selected Audio Track menu function if the\nselected track is assigned to an audio instrument.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAudio files associated with a composition are saved with the\ncomposition, but the audio files themselves are not. Maintain a proper\naudio file search path (via Composition-\u0026gt;Edit Document\nPropertiesā€¦-\u0026gt;Audio) to keep audio files accessible together.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can export your project to a Rosegarden project package file\n(.rgp) via File-\u0026gt;Export-\u0026gt;Export Rosegarden Project File to collect\nscattered audio files in one place.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe audio manager dialog displays sample-rate and other information\nfor each audio file, marking any with a different sample rate than the\ncurrent JACK audio session. Rosegarden will resample these files\nduring playback, but you are advised to resample them separately using\ndedicated audio editing software for better quality.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eManipulating segments\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn Rosegarden, you can manipulate segments using various tools\navailable from the main toolbar.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Select tool serves multiple purposes, including selecting, moving,\ncopying, resizing, and creating segments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo move a segment, use the Move tool and click and drag it. Holding\nCtrl while dragging creates a copy instead of moving.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResizing a segment is done with the Resize tool, which allows you to\nextend or shorten a segment. Holding Ctrl while resizing rescales the\nsegment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStretching or squashing a segment can be achieved by holding Ctrl\nwhile resizing. This affects the speed of MIDI events or the\ntime-stretching of audio.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Split tool is used to split a single segment into two separate\nsegments. Click on the segment you wish to split with the Split tool.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can split segments at the closest barline to the cursor by\ndefault. Holding Shift while splitting prevents this.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden offers additional Split functions in the Segments menu,\nincluding Split on Silence, Split by Pitch, Split by Recording Source,\nand Split at Time, each with specific functions for segment splitting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eTempo and Time Signature\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn Rosegarden, a composition is associated with a single stream of\ntempo changes and time signature changes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTempo changes can be constant or smoothly ramping to a different\ntarget tempo at a specific future time.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTempo is displayed in beats per minute, and its duration depends on\nthe time signature.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe tempo ruler in Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s editors shows tempo and time signature\nchanges throughout the composition.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can adjust tempo changes by clicking and dragging the tempo line\nin the tempo ruler.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo insert a new tempo change, right-click on the ruler and select\n\u0026ldquo;Insert Tempo Change.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe tempo and time signature editor lists all tempo and time signature\nchanges and allows individual editing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can add or edit tempo changes using various methods, including the\ntempo ruler and the tempo and time signature editor.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTime signature changes in Rosegarden affect the structure of beats in\neach bar, and you can add or edit them using Composition menu\nfunctions or the tempo and time signature editor.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can set tempo from an existing segment using functions like \u0026ldquo;Set\nTempo to Audio Segment Duration\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;Set Tempos from Beat Segment\u0026rdquo; for\nMIDI events. [tempo map: you can record from a MIDI keyboard and tap\na series of single notes at approximate beat positions, speeding up\nand slowing down gradually; then select the recorded segment !!!]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eMarkers, ranges, and loops\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarkers in Rosegarden are moments in time with labels, useful for\ndefining specific points in your composition. [sort of like\ncommenting]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarkers are displayed in the main ruler at the top of Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s\neditor windows.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo add a new marker, double-click on the marker area of the ruler, and\nyou can edit its name and location in the marker editor. [easier to\nuse right-click for insert and edit; also S-m to insert]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClicking on the text of a marker in the marker ruler moves the\nplayback pointer to that marker\u0026rsquo;s location.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can set a loop range between two marker positions by clicking in\nthe area between them with the Shift key pressed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emove to marker prev|next with C-,|.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden also features a \u0026ldquo;quick marker\u0026rdquo; that can be defined [only\none] on the fly with a single key and is useful for jumping to a\nspecific position during recording. [Quick marker can only be moved,\nnot removed, but it isn\u0026rsquo;t saved either, so it doesn\u0026rsquo;t matter. C-S-m\ninsert; S-m jump to; C-1,1? !!!]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRanges and loops allow you to highlight a period of time in the main\nruler, used for editing operations and looping during playback.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo set the current range, click and drag with the Shift key pressed on\nthe main ruler or between marker positions in the marker ruler.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRange editing enables you to cut, copy, and paste sections of music\nwithin the defined range, including segments, tempos, and time\nsignatures.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can insert an empty range at the current playback position to\ncreate space for composition using the Edit-\u0026gt;Insert Range menu\nfunction.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eTriggered segments\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA triggered segment in Rosegarden is a segment that doesn\u0026rsquo;t appear on\nthe main canvas but is triggered during playback by specific notes in\nother segments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTriggered segments are managed through a window accessible via the\nSegments-\u0026gt;Manage Triggered Segments option.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo create a new triggered segment, copy a segment or part of a segment\nto the clipboard, then use the Edit-\u0026gt;Paste as New Triggered Segment\nmenu option in the manager window.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTriggered segments can be stretched or squashed to match the duration\nof the triggering note, and their pitch and velocity can be adjusted\nto match the triggering event.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlayback timing options for triggered segments include playing as\nstored, truncating if longer than the note, ending at the same time as\nthe note, or stretching/squashing to match the note duration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTriggered segments may contain silence at the start or end, which will\nbe played and adjusted as well.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s not possible to make a triggered segment start playing before the\nstart time of its triggering note, trigger a segment from within\nanother triggered segment, or trigger audio segments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEditing a triggered segment affects all the notes that trigger it, not\njust the one used for editing. [All this sort of works, but needs\nexperimenting !!!]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"4-the-transport\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e4. The Transport \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#4-the-transport\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Much of this is irrelevant now since we are interested in notation -\nthe only part that may be of interest is if we record midi in real-time\nand quantize.] \u003cu\u003eOverview\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Transport in Rosegarden controls playback and displays the\nplayback pointer\u0026rsquo;s position.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can activate the Transport if it\u0026rsquo;s not visible by going to\nSettings-\u0026gt;Show Transport.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Transport displays time reached by the playback pointer in seconds\nby default but can be switched to show musical time (bar and beat\ncounts), musical time with a metronome, or audio sample frame times.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt can toggle the display to show time remaining until the end of the\ncomposition.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMain controls on the Transport include starting and pausing playback,\nfast-forwarding, rewinding, stopping, and jumping to the beginning or\nend of the composition.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Transport also shows the tempo and time signature in effect at the\ncurrent playback position, which can be adjusted by double-clicking on\nthem.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can enter a precise time for the playback position by\ndouble-clicking anywhere on the main time display in the Transport\nwindow.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdditional controls and a MIDI event display are available in the\nbottom flap of the Transport, which can be toggled on or off.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese additional controls include buttons for recording, setting loop\nstart and end points, soloing tracks, controlling metronomes, and\nsilencing MIDI devices (the panic button).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eRecording\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo record a new segment into a track in Rosegarden, ensure the\nappropriate tracks are armed for recording by selecting the red (for\naudio tracks) or yellow (for MIDI tracks) LED-style buttons on the\ntrack labels.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse the Transport\u0026rsquo;s record control to start the transport, play the\nexisting composition, and simultaneously record into the selected\ntrack(s).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden allows you to record multiple MIDI and audio tracks\nsimultaneously, provided your computer has enough power and sufficient\ndisk space.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBe cautious not to leave tracks selected when you intend to record in\na different location.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePunch-in record, toggled with the Space bar, lets you switch between\nplayback and recording without stopping the transport or arm for\nrecording when the transport is stopped.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen recording to MIDI tracks, the recording source is determined by\nthe MIDI devices selected in the MIDI device manager, filtered through\nthe track level recording filter and global MIDI filters.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor audio tracks, the recording source for each track is the input\nselected for that track\u0026rsquo;s instrument in the instrument parameter box,\nwhich can be an external audio input or an audio submaster/master.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBy default, audio tracks record from the soundcard\u0026rsquo;s first available\nphysical record input, but you can use a JACK connection tool to\nconnect other JACK audio applications to the input.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eSynchronising to external transports\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden supports the JACK transport mechanism for synchronizing its\ntransport with other JACK applications on the same computer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo activate JACK transport, go to Settings-\u0026gt;Configure Rosegardenā€¦ and\ncheck the \u0026ldquo;Use JACK transport\u0026rdquo; box.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen JACK transport is active, multiple applications subscribed to it\nshare a common transport control, allowing you to start, stop, and\nmove the transport from any of them.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMany Linux audio applications that use the JACK audio server also\nsupport JACK transport. Check their documentation for details.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden also supports MIDI Time Code (MTC) synchronization in both\nmaster and slave modes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMTC synchronization is useful for synchronizing Rosegarden with\nhardware MTC-capable devices or software on other computers connected\nvia MIDI.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo set Rosegarden as the MTC Master, go to Settings-\u0026gt;Configure\nRosegardenā€¦ and in the MIDI page\u0026rsquo;s MIDI Sync tab, select \u0026ldquo;MTC Master\u0026rdquo;\nfrom the MIDI Time Code menu.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo make Rosegarden an MTC Slave, select \u0026ldquo;MTC Slave,\u0026rdquo; and Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s\ntransport will automatically synchronize with incoming MTC events.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eInfrared Remote Controls\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden supports infrared remote controls for almost all transport\nfunctions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo use infrared remote controls with Rosegarden, you need either the\ninternal LIRC client (optional feature at compile time) or the KDE\nIRKick application (KDE LIRC daemon) available in your Linux\ndistribution\u0026rsquo;s repositories.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou also need to install and configure the LIRC server daemon, with\nspecific details depending on your remote control and receiver.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor more information and details about the internal LIRC client\nconfiguration file and IRKick basics, you can refer to Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s\nwebsite and the LIRC website.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"5-the-studio\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5. The Studio \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#5-the-studio\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eDevices, instruments and connections\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden refers to everything related to the sound systems attached\nto the computer as the \u0026ldquo;Studio.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Studio includes information about MIDI and audio hardware,\nconnections, configurations, MIDI patches, and more.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThree essential terms in the Studio context are: Device, Instrument,\nand Connection.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA \u0026ldquo;Device\u0026rdquo; in Rosegarden is something capable of producing sounds,\nwhich can be a MIDI or audio device.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn \u0026ldquo;Instrument\u0026rdquo; is a sound-producing entity within a device that you\ncan assign tracks to, controlling the sound they produce.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA \u0026ldquo;Connection\u0026rdquo; specifies the physical MIDI port a MIDI device is\nattached to and can be configured in the MIDI device manager.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden may create default devices for available connections on\nstartup, but it\u0026rsquo;s essential to configure them to match the actual\nhardware setup.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe studio setup is stored with every Rosegarden-format file you save.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eManaging MIDI devices\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe MIDI device manager dialog in Rosegarden displays available MIDI\ndevices and their connections.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can access this dialog through Studio-\u0026gt;Manage MIDI Devices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDefault device configurations are provided at startup, but you can\nmodify them in this dialog.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;Play devices\u0026rdquo; in the dialog provide targets for MIDI tracks, with\neach Play device having 16 instruments to assign tracks to.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBy assigning a connection to a Play device, tracks assigned to it will\nplay to the appropriate channel of any MIDI synth connected to that\nconnection.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;Record devices\u0026rdquo; represent potential sources for recording MIDI, and\nyou can make them current for recording by using the checkboxes in the\ndialog.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eManaging banks and programs for MIDI devices\u003c/u\u003e!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach MIDI device in Rosegarden corresponds to a set of instruments,\nand each instrument corresponds to a channel on your MIDI synth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can assign tracks to these instruments and choose which sounds\n(voices) they produce, but Rosegarden needs to know the names for all\navailable voices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe dialog for managing banks and programs allows you to attach banks\nof programs (voice names) to your MIDI devices, enabling you to set\neach instrument on a device to use one of these voices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can import program names from device (\u0026quot;.rgd\u0026quot;) files or create a\nnew bank manually if there is no existing .rgd file for your synth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePercussion key mappings are available for percussion programs, and\nthey can be defined in the .rgd file.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor soft-synths or soundcard synths using SoundFont (.sf2) files,\nprogram names can be loaded directly from the .sf2 file into the\ndialog.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome MIDI devices use a \u0026ldquo;variations\u0026rdquo; scheme, and you should enter\nprogram names in a bank format. Rosegarden can support devices with\nvariations, and you can use the \u0026ldquo;Show Variation list based on MSB/LSB\u0026rdquo;\noption to display variations instead of banks in an instrument\nparameter box.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen importing a MIDI file, Rosegarden uses the existing studio setup\nto map MIDI programs to instruments, so ensure your studio is\ncorrectly configured for your devices before importing MIDI files to\navoid losing program data.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eAudio Routing\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAny Rosegarden track assigned to an audio or synth plugin instrument\nbecomes part of Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s audio routing system.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are 16 audio instruments and 16 synth plugin instruments, each\nwith adjustable parameters such as fader level, pan, and effects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe input connection of an instrument defines where Rosegarden reads\naudio data from when recording to that instrument. Common settings\ninclude external audio inputs, Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s built-in audio submasters,\nor the master output for mixdowns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe output connection of an instrument defines where the audio goes\nwhen played. Instruments can send audio to Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s master output\nor up to eight internal submaster busses for grouping instruments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden supports pre-fader insert effects slots for each audio\ninstrument but does not yet support effects on submaster busses or\nsend effects. Users can achieve similar results using external JACK\neffects and mixing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFurther details about audio routing, mixing, and effects can be found\nin the audio mixer, instrument parameter box, and audio plugins\nsections.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eMIDI Routing\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden features MIDI Thru, which allows for the instant sending of\nincoming MIDI events to specific output devices and MIDI channels.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMIDI Thru is enabled by default in Rosegarden but can be globally\ndisabled through the menu option Studio-\u0026gt;MIDI Thru Routing if you\nprefer to use an external MIDI routing system.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere is a global filter for MIDI event types that lets you choose\nwhich event types to route and which to ignore. Details about this\nfilter can be found in the MIDI filters section.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMIDI Thru routing behaves differently when Rosegarden is playing or\nstopped compared to when it is recording.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuring playback or when Rosegarden is stopped, MIDI Thru routes events\nto the selected track\u0026rsquo;s instrument, indicated by the highlighted track\nname.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuring recording, MIDI events are routed to the armed track\ninstruments based on the recording filters. The selected track does\nnot matter; the routing is based on the filters.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach event corresponds to the first track with a matching record\nfilter.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eThe Audio Mixer\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden\u0026rsquo;s audio mixer window, accessible through Studio-\u0026gt;Audio\nMixer, resembles a hardware audio mixer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt allows you to view and modify the state of multiple audio\ninstruments simultaneously.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe audio mixer provides controls such as playback level meters, fader\ncontrols, routing options, pan settings, mono/stereo toggles, and\neffects plugin slots for each audio and synth plugin instrument.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can also manage the master audio output level, record level, and\nsubmaster output levels within the audio mixer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Settings menu in the audio mixer is significant and includes audio\nrouting settings for stereo audio record inputs and the number of\nsubmasters.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdjusting the number of submasters explicitly to \u0026ldquo;None\u0026rdquo; when they are\nnot in use can lead to a small performance improvement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eThe MIDI Mixer\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe MIDI Mixer in Rosegarden allows users to view and edit instrument\nparameter values for multiple MIDI instruments simultaneously.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe window is organized with tabs, one for each playback MIDI device\nin the studio configuration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelecting a device tab reveals controls for the 16 instruments\nassociated with that device.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe displayed controls are based on the settings in the control\nparameter manager and include volume adjustments (corresponding to\nMIDI volume control change) and approximate output level indicators.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eAudio Plugins\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden uses audio plugins, which are separate software pieces that\ncan manipulate audio signals in various ways. They are categorized\ninto effects plugins and synth plugins.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEffects plugins alter audio signals, such as reverb, delay effects, or\ncompression.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach audio or synth plugin instrument in Rosegarden has five\nassociated effects slots, which can be used to chain up to five\neffects onto the audio signal before it undergoes fader level and pan\nprocessing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo load an effects plugin into a slot, you can click its button on the\ninstrument parameter box or in the audio mixer window.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSynth plugins are used to generate sounds from note event segments and\ncan replace hardware or standalone soft-synth MIDI devices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSynth plugins provide better control, repeatability, and routing\noptions compared to external MIDI devices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSynth plugins can be configured by selecting a track, assigning it to\na synth plugin instrument, and then loading a synth plugin.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome plugins may have their own editor windows for more extensive\ncontrol.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsing plugins can consume CPU resources and may affect reliability, as\ncrashes or hangs in a plugin can impact Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s stability.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eMetronomes\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden has two built-in metronomes, one for recording and one for\nnormal playback.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese metronomes send notes to a MIDI instrument and use the same\ninstrument, pitch, and velocity information.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can configure the metronomes by going to Studio-\u0026gt;Manage\nMetronome, where you can select a MIDI instrument, set the resolution\n(beat, subdivision, or bar), pitch, and velocities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe actual voice the metronome uses depends on the instrument\nselected, similar to how MIDI tracks depend on their assigned\ninstruments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe record and play metronomes can be enabled or disabled using the\nmetronome button in the Transport window. By default, the record\nmetronome is on, and the play metronome is off.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere\u0026rsquo;s also a \u0026ldquo;visual metronome\u0026rdquo; feature that makes the transport\nwindow flash brightly to mark each beat during playback.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eMIDI filters\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe MIDI filters dialog in Rosegarden allows you to specify which MIDI\nevents should be ignored or accepted by the software.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can use checkboxes in this dialog to indicate which types of MIDI\nevents you want to filter out or record.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis feature is helpful for customizing how Rosegarden handles MIDI\nevents when forwarding them using MIDI THRU or recording them.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eExternal MIDI control surfaces\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden can be controlled to some extent by an external MIDI\ndevice, allowing you to adjust mixer settings and other features.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo set up external MIDI control, you need to use an ALSA MIDI\nconnection manager like qjackctl to connect your MIDI controller\ndevice to Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;external controller\u0026rdquo; input and output MIDI\nports.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMIDI control change messages can be used to adjust mixer track\nsettings based on the incoming MIDI channel from your controller\ndevice.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden also supports MIDI controller numbers 81 and 82 for\nchanging the currently active window and the selected track in the\nmain window, respectively.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe behavior of MIDI controller number 82 depends on the number of\ntracks in the window, ensuring it uses the full MIDI controller data\nrange.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"6-special-parameters\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6. Special Parameters \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#6-special-parameters\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eThe Track Parameter Box\u003c/u\u003e assign instruments to tracks control what\nincoming MIDI data from which sources will be recorded control staff\nattributes govern how MIDI segments will be created for each track\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlayback parameters alternative mechanism to the menu-based system of\ninstrument assignment\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrack recording filters control what events are recorded to this track\nall setting is safe and convenient if you are recording only one MIDI\ntrack\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStaff export options normal, small, or tiny size\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreate segments with means of controlling many of the segment\nparameters for segments that don\u0026rsquo;t yet exist aimed especially at\nnotation users\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eThe Segment Parameter Box\u003c/u\u003e modify some aspects of the selected\nsegments \u003cu\u003eThe Instrument Parameter Box\u003c/u\u003e which instrument is\nassigned to the current selected track\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMIDI Instrument Parameters percussion toggle that controls whether\nonly percussion programs should be offered shows you the controllers\navailable for this device\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAudio Instrument Parameters two main faders Audio instruments are\nalways ultimately stereo five buttons at lower left are the effects\nslots.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSynth Plugin Instrument Parameters most important control here is the\nbutton at top left\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"7-quantization\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7. Quantization \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#7-quantization\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuantization is the process of adjusting note and event positions so\nthat they align with exact beat divisions, typically used to achieve\nprecision or clear notation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn Rosegarden, you can perform general quantization using\n\u003cstrong\u003eSegments-\u0026gt;Quantize\u003c/strong\u003e in the main window or \u003cstrong\u003eAdjust-\u0026gt;Quantize\u003c/strong\u003e in\nmatrix or notation editors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe quantize dialog in Rosegarden provides various quantization\noptions, including the\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003egrid quantizer moves the start times of notes so that they start at\nthe nearest point on some grid has adjustable parameters: base grid\nunit, swing,iterative amount, duration with start times several ways\nto apply grid quantization, including using the Quantize menu in the\nSegment Parameter Box and a quantize control in the matrix view.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003elegato quantizer carries out a simple grid quantization, and also\nadjusts the note durations so as to remove any gaps between notes;\nalso available with Adjust-\u0026gt;Quantize-\u0026gt;Legato function in the\nMatrix editor\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eheuristic notation quantizer adjust note start times and durations\nto produce readable notation can configure complexity, base grid\nunit, tuplet level, re-beam, articulation, tie, split-and-tie\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden provides\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExplore the possibilities here thoroughly including raw note ruler !!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"8-the-matrix-editor\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8. The Matrix editor \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#8-the-matrix-editor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eThe Grid and Quantize controls\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Rosegarden matrix editor is used for viewing and editing music in\na grid format, with each note represented as a block at a height\ncorresponding to its pitch.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach matrix editor window displays a single segment of music, and you\ncan access it by right-clicking on a segment in the main canvas and\nselecting the matrix editor from the menu.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe matrix editor provides Grid and Quantize controls in its main\ntoolbar.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Grid menu controls the size of the visible grid and the time\nresolution for note insertion and movement, allowing for snapping to\ngrid points.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Quantize menu performs quantization, adjusting selected notes or\nthe entire segment to a chosen grid resolution.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Quantize menu continuously shows the current quantization\nresolution for the selected segment or notes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eInserting notes\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the matrix view of Rosegarden, you can enter notes using various\nmethods.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe simplest way is to use the mouse with the pencil tool selected.\nClick and drag to place a note on the matrix editor at a specific time\nand pitch.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Select tool (arrow) also allows you to draw notes using the middle\nmouse button or the left mouse button with Ctrl pressed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNote durations are snapped to the grid unit defined by the Grid\nsetting, which you can adjust.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can enter notes using the PC keyboard by selecting the desired\nduration with number keys and then pressing pitch keys (A, S, D, etc.)\nto input notes. Shift sharpens notes, and Shift+Ctrl flattens them.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor notes an octave higher or lower, use the corresponding keys on the\nkeyboard.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAll insertion commands are available in the Tools menu, and keyboard\nshortcuts are designed for a QWERTY-layout keyboard. [use keyboard\nshortcuts to get dvorak? !!!]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can also enter notes using a MIDI keyboard or other MIDI control\ndevice, with durations determined by the Grid setting, in a process\ncalled \u0026ldquo;step recording.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eSelecting notes\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the matrix editor of Rosegarden, you can select notes using the\nSelect (arrow) tool.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo select notes, outline a rectangular area that contains the notes\nyou want to select. Clicking on a single event selects only that\nevent.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHolding Shift while selecting notes adds the new selection to any\nexisting selection instead of replacing it.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo clear a selection, click in an empty space on the matrix editor or\npress the Escape key.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can select all notes of a specific pitch by shift-clicking on a\nkey in the piano keyboard on the left side of the matrix editor.\nShift-click and drag to select a range of pitches.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Edit-\u0026gt;Filter Selection function allows you to filter a range of\nevents in various categories out of your selection, either inclusively\nor exclusively. [This is neat, though I\u0026rsquo;m not sure what to use it\nfor.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce your selection is filtered, you can manipulate it using\nconventional editing methods.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eMoving and copying notes\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the Rosegarden matrix editor, you can move notes in both time and\npitch.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo move notes, you can either click and drag them with the Move tool\nor select them and then drag them using the Select tool.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo copy notes, select them and use standard copy and paste functions.\nAfter pasting, the pasted notes will be selected, and you can further\ndrag them to their desired position.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlternatively, you can copy notes by selecting them with the Select\ntool and then holding Ctrl while click-and-dragging the selected notes\nto a new position.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"9-the-percussion-matrix-editor\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e9. The Percussion Matrix editor \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#9-the-percussion-matrix-editor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Percussion Matrix editor is similar to the regular Matrix editor\nbut displays pitch names on the vertical scale instead of a piano\nkeyboard.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is designed for use with percussion programs on MIDI instruments,\nwhere each note pitch corresponds to a different percussion sound.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe display of pitch names depends on whether the segment being edited\nis playing through a percussion instrument with associated key\nmappings to define the names.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf key mappings are not defined, the standard matrix view piano\nkeyboard will be displayed instead.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"10-the-notation-editor\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e10. The Notation editor \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#10-the-notation-editor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eNotes\u003c/u\u003e To optimize windowq with leftwm:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePut track editor into float H-S-t\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen notation editor as float\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResize notation editor with H-\u0026lt;mouse-right\u0026gt; and it will come to\nthe top\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(This system works really well!)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMidi -\u0026gt; rg doesn\u0026rsquo;t translate well for ly always eg grace notes are\nwritten out.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEAN experiment as needed\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eIntroduction\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Rosegarden Notation editor allows users to view and edit one or\nmore staffs in traditional score notation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt supports various musical elements such as chords, overlapping and\nnested beamed groups, triplets, tuplets, grace notes, dynamics,\naccents, and text.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile it provides good support for music notation, it does not offer\nthe same level of fine control over layout as dedicated score editing\nprograms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden is not focused on producing typeset-quality scores but can\nexport LilyPond files that may serve as a basis for typesetting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eSingle and multiple staffs\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are three ways to open a notation editor in Rosegarden:\ndouble-clicking on a segment, using the \u0026ldquo;Open in Default Editor\u0026rdquo; menu\nfunction (Return key), or using the \u0026ldquo;Open in Notation Editor\u0026rdquo; menu\nfunctions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDouble-clicking on a segment opens it in the notation editor, and you\ncan also open multiple selected segments together in a single notation\nwindow by holding Shift and double-clicking the last one.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;Open in Default Editor\u0026rdquo; menu function works similarly to\ndouble-clicking and opens selected segments in the default editor.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;Open in Notation Editor\u0026rdquo; menu function allows you to select\nsegments and open them in the notation editor. You can switch between\nstaffs within the notation editor, with the topmost staff being the\ndefault current staff.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eLinear and page layouts\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe default display mode in the notation editor is the Linear layout,\nwhere staffs are shown one on top of another in a single horizontally\nscrollable line. [All functions including various rulers are\navailable here, so this should be where we do most of the work.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe notation editor also offers two page-based layouts: Continuous\nPage and Multiple Page.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn Continuous Page layout, music is displayed in one infinitely-tall\npage with each staff breaking at the end of a line.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn Multiple Page layout, music is divided into real pages based on the\nspecified printing resolution.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome display and editing functions work in both page layout modes and\nlinear layout.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can switch between these layout modes using menu functions: Linear\nLayout, Continuous Page Layout, and Multiple Page Layout.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eRulers and cursors\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Rosegarden Notation editor includes two graduated rulers: one at\nthe top and one at the bottom of the main notation canvas.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are several types of cursors associated with these rulers,\nincluding the insert cursor (purple) and the playback pointer (blue).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe insert cursor marks the point for operations like insert and paste\nand can be repositioned using various methods, including clicking on\nthe ruler or using arrow keys.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe playback pointer indicates the current playback or record position\nand can also be repositioned.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe raw note ruler is useful for editing quantized notation,\ndisplaying the actual performance duration of notes. [Can probably\ntweak durations with it. !!!]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe chord name ruler attempts to display the chords that are sounding\nin the piece but is for informational purposes only. [Can be useful\nto understand chord progressions. !!!]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe tempo ruler displays the global tempo and allows for entering,\nediting, and manipulating tempo changes. [Can ramp with this, though\ndoing so may be better in lmms. !!!]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese rulers and cursors are typically shown in Linear layout mode and\nmay not all be displayed by default [can be changed in View].\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can enable or disable certain rulers and cursors through settings\nand configuration options.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eTools and selections\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Rosegarden Notation editor offers various tools for editing,\nincluding selection, erasing, inserting notes, rests, text, and more.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFunctions in the editor fall into 3 categories like tools, functions\nthat operate on selections, and drag operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChoosing a tool changes the default behavior of the mouse buttons on\nthe notation canvas.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelections are made using the Select (arrow) tool, which allows you to\noutline a rectangular area to select events. Selection are only from\none staff and can be filtered.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShift will accumulate selection contents. Double-click selects bar.\nTriple-click selects segment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMany menu functions require a selection to be made on the canvas\nbefore they can be used, and the Edit menu offers options for\nselecting extended areas.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDragging can also be used for editing, such as changing pitch by\ndragging note heads up or down or changing the timing of notes by\ndragging them left or right.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are functions for transposing notes by a specified interval,\nincluding transposing by semitones or intervals with a dialog for\ncustomization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDouble-clicking on a single event opens an editing dialog for that\nevent.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eInserting notes and rests\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo insert a note in the Rosegarden Notation editor, select a note\nduration from the toolbar and then click on the staff at the desired\npoint.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccidentals can be selected from the toolbar to insert sharpened or\nflattened notes, or you can use the \u0026ldquo;Follow previous accidental\u0026rdquo; icon\nto follow the last accidental used at the same height on the staff.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInserting a note at the same time as an existing note of different\nduration will create chords and possibly ties.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdding a note exactly over an existing note of different duration will\nchange the duration of the existing note.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdding a rest at the same time as an existing note will silence the\nnote for the duration of the rest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTyping notes and rests with the PC keyboard involves selecting a\nduration and pitch using number and letter keys. You can also toggle\nbetween dotted and undotted durations [with . and triplet version of\nnote with G].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRests can be inserted by pressing \u0026ldquo;P\u0026rdquo; [pressing P will change notes\ninto equivalent rests], and you can switch between note and rest\ntools using \u0026ldquo;T\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChord mode can be activated using the \u0026ldquo;H\u0026rdquo; key to insert subsequent\nnotes at the same time as the last one. [This is quite effective if\nentering notes from a computer keyboard.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKeyboard shortcuts for changing note durations are available, and\nholding Ctrl while pressing a number key selects the corresponding\ndotted-note tool.[Doesn\u0026rsquo;t work !!!]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStep recording with a MIDI keyboard is possible by configuring the\nkeyboard as the default MIDI record device, selecting a duration, and\nusing the step recording button on the toolbar or the Tools menu.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote durations can be changed using keyboard shortcuts, and you can\nenter notes of different durations during step recording.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBe aware of some of these shortcuts over time because they can\nsimplify entry. !!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eClef and key\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn Rosegarden, time-related changes like tempo and time signatures\napply uniformly to all staffs, ensuring consistent playback and\nnotation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[You can change tempos, and time signatures in the Composition\ndropdown.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[You can change clefs, keys, in the Segment dropdown.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen changing the clef, you can choose to maintain current pitches or\ntranspose into an appropriate octave for existing notes following the\nclef change.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen changing the key, you can select the key signature and decide\nwhether to transpose it according to segment transposition or use it\nas specified.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe scope of the key change can be applied to the current segment only\nor to all segments on all tracks at that time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can specify how existing notes following a key change should\nbehave, whether maintaining their current pitches, maintaining current\naccidentals, or attempting to transpose into the new key.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of these may require trying out as necessary. !!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eText, Lyrics, and LilyPond directives\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden allows you to add various types of text to a staff,\nincluding single text items for annotations, lyrics, and LilyPond\ndirectives.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Text tool is used for creating single text items and lyrics. You\ncan click at the point where you want to add text, and a dialog box\nwill appear for you to enter the text and choose its intended purpose.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are different styles or purposes for text, such as Dynamic,\nDirection, Tempo, Chord, and more. These styles determine how the text\nis displayed. [Some annotations may be turned off by default.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLyrics can be edited using the Lyric editor, which follows specific\nformatting rules with bar lines and syllables. [Do not do lyrics in\nrg - go to lilypond instead.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLilyPond directives are special text used for exporting .ly files with\nextended functionality not available through Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s native\ninterface.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLilyPond directives include Segno, Coda, Alt1, Alt2, double barlines,\nterminating barlines, dashed barlines, glissando, arpeggio symbols,\nand font size adjustments like Tiny, Small, and Normal.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProper placement of LilyPond directives within a measure can affect\ntheir function and appearance in the exported score. [Some\nexperimentation is required especially with the Lilypond directives\nwhich can likely be very helpful if they translate over properly in to\nthe text - they really don\u0026rsquo;t look particularly good in the notation\neditor though because they appear as text. However, clicking on the\nnote using T gives choice of directive and that looks just fine in the\nlp export!]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eGuitar Chords\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can add guitar chord diagrams to a notation track in Rosegarden.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo add a guitar chord diagram, toggle the Guitar Chord button and then\nclick on the area where you want to add it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRosegarden provides a chord dictionary with common chord fingerings\ncategorized as beginner, common, and all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can also create your own chord fingerings by clicking the \u0026lsquo;New\u0026rsquo;\nbutton, which opens a chord editor where you can draw the fingering,\nspecify the root, chord extension, and starting fret number.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen adding your own fingerings, you can type custom extension values,\nbut they will only be available in the \u0026lsquo;all\u0026rsquo; list.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can delete and edit your custom chords, but predefined dictionary\nchords cannot be changed, and any mistakes should be reported to the\ndevelopment team.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is actually pretty neat stuff because rg figures out the chord\nfor you, though it can be changed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eSlurs and hairpins\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSlurs and hairpins in Rosegarden are stored as events, similar to\nnotes or rests.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo create a slur or hairpin, select the area (a series of notes or\nother elements) you want it to cover, then use the \u0026ldquo;Add Slur,\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;Add\nCrescendo,\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;Add Decrescendo\u0026rdquo; options from the Phrase menu.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe placement of hairpins can be challenging, especially when they run\nin line with dynamic markings. Sometimes, their appearance in\nRosegarden\u0026rsquo;s notation editor may differ from the final result when\nexported to LilyPond. [There seems to be no cresc or dimin text as lp\noffers. Hairpins can be moved sideways but not up|down.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden\u0026rsquo;s slurs work best when all the stems of the notes are\nrunning in the same direction, and they may need manual repositioning\nfor better placement. Slurs tend to improve their appearance after\nexporting to LilyPond.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can remove a slur or hairpin by selecting it with the selection\ntool and hitting Delete or by clicking on it with the erase tool\nactive.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eNote stems and slashes\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s Notation editor, you can adjust the stem direction of\nselected notes using the \u0026ldquo;Stem Direction\u0026rdquo; options found in the Notes\nmenu.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese options allow you to set the stems either up or down, or to\nrevert to the stem direction that Rosegarden would choose\nautomatically.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdditionally, the Note menu offers options for adding slashes across\nnote stems, which are used for notational purposes, such as indicating\nshort repeated notes or drum rolls. These slashes do not affect\nplayback or MIDI generation in Rosegarden.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eBeams\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBeams in the Rosegarden Notation editor are used for grouping notes\ntogether.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo add beams to selected notes, use the \u0026ldquo;Beam Group\u0026rdquo; option found in\nthe Phrase menu.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo remove a beam from selected notes, use the \u0026ldquo;Unbeam\u0026rdquo; menu option.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can have multiple beamed groups simultaneously, but you may need\nto manually set stem directions for each group.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden can automatically guess sensible beaming for a piece of\nmusic; use the \u0026ldquo;Auto-Beam\u0026rdquo; option on the Phrase menu to invoke this\nfeature.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomatic beaming is also done when loading a MIDI file, and during\nnote entry (which can be disabled in settings).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eTriplets and other tuplets\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA triplet group consists of three notes or chords played in the time\nof two.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe term \u0026ldquo;tuplet\u0026rdquo; refers to a situation where notes with a total\nduration of any given number of units are played in the time of a\ndifferent number of units (e.g., nine notes in the time of eight, six\nin the time of four).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden\u0026rsquo;s triplet and tuplet menu functions squash existing notes\nor rests to play quicker, filling in the leftover space with a final\nrest and representing the whole as a tuplet group.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can create triplet groups by entering the first two notes, making\nthem into triplets, and then filling in the rest with the final note.\nAlternatively, you can apply the triplet operation before entering any\nnotes, effectively turning the rest into triplet form and inserting\nthe notes on top of it. [Good way is to put the 3 notes down, select\nthem, then triplet with C-r; better way may be to go into triplet mode\nwith g|G, and just enter the notes.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo specify a general tuplet group, you need to know the base note\n(e.g., a crotchet) and the ratio of the number of base notes written\nto the number played. [Concept should be similar to triplets, but\nsetup isn\u0026rsquo;t automatic.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEAN!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003ePaste types\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden\u0026rsquo;s Notation editor provides various types of Paste\noperations to handle music editing, as traditional cut-and-paste is\nless straightforward in music.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe available Paste types include Restricted, Simple, Open and Paste,\nNote Overlay, and Matrix Overlay.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRestricted Paste requires an existing gap of sufficient duration to\ncontain the clipboard\u0026rsquo;s contents, while Simple Paste erases events to\ncreate a gap for pasting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen and Paste makes room for the paste by moving subsequent events,\nwhile Note Overlay and Matrix Overlay handle pasting notes in specific\nways with respect to overlaps and ties.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese paste types can be accessed through the Pasteā€¦ menu option on\nthe Edit menu.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMatrix overlay is unclear - seems to be the same as Simple !!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eAdjusting Notation\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;Normalize Rests\u0026rdquo; function in Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s Notation editor can be\nused to adjust, split, and merge rests to ensure they have correct\ndurations and fall on appropriate boundaries within the time\nsignature. [Eg q h q in 4/4 -\u0026gt; w]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;Tie Notes at Barlines\u0026rdquo; is a function designed to split excessively\nlong notes into shorter tied notes, particularly when they overflow\nbarlines or cannot be displayed as a single note.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;Split-and-Tie Overlapping Chords\u0026rdquo; is a function used to split and tie\noverlapping notes and chords, helping to create neat blocks of chords\nand single notes. [!!!]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;Halve Durations\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;Double Durations\u0026rdquo; functions allow for simple\nrescaling of note durations, while more complex rescaling can be\nachieved using the \u0026ldquo;Stretch or Squash\u0026rdquo; function. [!!!]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo reposition notation elements like slurs, hairpins, and text events,\nyou can use Ctrl-click and drag. However, this method cannot be used\nto reposition notes. [Works but not with much control.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese are good ways to make the notation neater and thus better formed\nfor lilypond probably. !!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eInterpreting Performance Cues in Notation\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;Interpret\u0026rdquo; function in Rosegarden\u0026rsquo;s Notation editor allows you to\nmodify note velocities and timings based on indicated dynamics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretations available include applying text dynamics (e.g., p, mf,\nff), making notes gradually increase or decrease in velocity during\ncrescendo or decrescendo hairpins, stressing beats, and articulating\nslurs, staccato, and tenuto markings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eText dynamics such as pp, p, mp, mf, f, ff, and fff are matched to set\nvelocities based on the last \u0026ldquo;Dynamic\u0026rdquo; text seen on the same staff.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrescendo and decrescendo hairpins adjust note velocities to create a\ngradual increase or decrease in loudness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStressing beats makes notes landing on bar or beat boundaries slightly\nlouder than surrounding notes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArticulating markings like slurs, staccato, and tenuto affect note\nlengths, with unslurred notes shortened, staccato notes further\nshortened, and notes inside slurs and tenuto markings played at their\nfull length.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Couldn\u0026rsquo;t get this to really work - not important though for\nnotation. !!!]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eNotation from performance data\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden, while primarily a sequencer, offers notation editing\ncapabilities, which require adjusting note times and durations for\nmusical precision.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis quantization, known as \u0026ldquo;notation quantization,\u0026rdquo; improves the\naccuracy of notes shown in the notation editor.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNotation quantization affects only what is visible in notation and\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t impact notes played or edited in other views.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can see the effects of notation quantization in the notation\neditor through the raw note ruler or by highlighting altered note\nheads in green.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden provides various quantization parameters that allow you to\ncustomize the quantization process, including complexity, base grid\nunit, and tuplet level.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can also control how the quantizer tidies up after quantization,\nincluding re-beaming notes, adding articulations like staccato,\ntenuto, and slurs, tying notes at barlines, and splitting and tying\noverlapping chords.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese quantization settings can be adjusted to suit different musical\ncontexts and preferences.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAgain more to experiment with in the quantization section. !!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003ePlaying ornaments\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden supports playback of ornaments using triggered segments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo create a new ornament, write out the desired notes, select them,\nand use the \u0026ldquo;Note-\u0026gt;Ornaments-\u0026gt;Make Ornamentā€¦\u0026rdquo; option. This creates a\ntriggered segment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo make a note play an existing ornament, select it and use\n\u0026ldquo;Note-\u0026gt;Ornaments-\u0026gt;Trigger Ornamentā€¦\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can edit the notes played in a triggered ornament by\ndouble-clicking on the triggering note.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNote that Rosegarden can adjust the pitch of triggered segments to\nmatch their triggering notes but cannot transpose into a different key\nor scale position.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFigure out how to setup a file with ornaments defined - didn\u0026rsquo;t get an\nanswer to this from the rg list, but the article \u003ca href=\"https://www.rosegardenmusic.com/tutorials/supplemental/notation-challenge/ornament.html\"\u003eOrnaments: Pleasure\nand\nPain\u003c/a\u003e\nmay have a solution. !!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eNote styles\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden allows customization of how different types of notes are\nvisually represented, including note heads, tails, and fill options.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStandard styles like Classical, Cross, Triangle, and Mensural are\nprovided for note appearance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can change the style of individual notes by selecting them and\nusing the Note Style menu options.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach note remembers its chosen style, and this information is saved as\npart of the composition.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can also set a default style for new notes using the \u0026ldquo;Configure\nRosegardenā€¦\u0026rdquo; option in the Settings menu.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdvanced users can create custom note styles by describing them in XML\nfiles. The standard styles are also defined in this way.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eNote fonts\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden comes with a default scalable notation font called Feta,\ndeveloped by the LilyPond project, suitable for classical music. [It\nseems to be all that is required.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden supports additional notation fonts, but you need to provide\nthem in TrueType (.ttf) or PostScript Type-1 (.pfb, .pfa) format and\nhave the necessary permissions to install them in the Rosegarden\ndirectory.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo install a supported notation font, copy the font files into the\n\u0026ldquo;fonts\u0026rdquo; subdirectory of the Rosegarden installation directory and\nrestart Rosegarden.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupported fonts include Fughetta, Petrucci, Maestro, Opus, Inkpen,\nSonata, Steinberg, and Xinfonia, but it\u0026rsquo;s your responsibility to\nensure you have the legal rights to use them.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can also create new mapping files to use new fonts, especially if\nthey have similar mappings or metrics to existing fonts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor more details on customizing fonts and mappings, refer to the\n\u0026ldquo;Customising Rosegarden\u0026rdquo; section.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"11-the-event-list-editor\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e11. The Event List editor \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#11-the-event-list-editor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Event List editor in Rosegarden displays events within a single\nsegment in a raw form.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt allows for precise editing of individual event properties.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis editor provides a detailed view of events within a segment for\nfine-tuning and customization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can access the Event List editor in Rosegarden for working with\nevents in your compositions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProbably is merit in learning this for the purpose of fine-tuning. !!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"12-customising-rosegarden\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e12. Customising Rosegarden \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#12-customising-rosegarden\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eConfiguring custom notation fonts\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustomizing Rosegarden involves configuring custom notation fonts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnsupported notation fonts in TrueType or Type-1 formats can be\nsupported through mapping XML files.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMapping XML files describe font character maps and metrics for\nRosegarden\u0026rsquo;s use.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustom fonts can be pixmap-based or scalable system fonts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMapping files include elements like font information, origin,\ncopyright, type, and more.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustom fonts can be antialiased (smooth) if specified.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScalable fonts can have autocrop attributes to adjust spacing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFont requirements are used for scalable fonts and allow font\ncomposition from multiple system fonts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFont-sizes element specifies available notation font sizes and their\nrelationships to non-font elements.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFont-scale and font-size elements define font proportions and sizes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFont-symbol-map lists symbols in the notation font and their sources,\nincluding pixmap files or system font code points.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVarious attributes like name, src, code, glyph, and more are used to\ndescribe symbols.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustomization allows users to tailor notation fonts to their\npreferences.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMapping XML files are typically stored in the fonts/mappings\nsubdirectory of the Rosegarden installation directory.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsers can edit provided mapping files or create their own to customize\nfonts effectively.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003eCreating new notation styles\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden\u0026rsquo;s notation editor can display and edit notes in various\nstandard styles.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNotation styles are defined in XML style definition files.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsers can create new notation styles by writing simple XML files.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden determines which styles to offer based on installed style\nfiles.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDefault style examples can be found in the styles subdirectory of the\nRosegarden installation directory.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe XML format for notation styles includes elements like\n\u0026ldquo;rosegarden-note-style,\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;global,\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;note.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAttributes within these elements define parameters for note styles,\nsuch as note type, shape, font character name, filled head, stem\npresence, flags, slashes, and more.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsers can base new styles on existing ones by specifying a\n\u0026ldquo;base-style.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFeedback on creating new styles is welcomed on the Rosegarden\nmailing-lists.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe file name, not the \u0026ldquo;rosegarden-note-style\u0026rdquo; element, currently\ndefines the style name, but this may change in the future.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe XML format is designed to describe standard styles that come with\nRosegarden and may not support extensive customization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsers can define note head shapes and fonts for different note styles.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStyles can specify the presence of stems, flags, slashes, and their\npositions relative to note heads.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosegarden\u0026rsquo;s notation editor provides flexibility in creating and\ncustomizing notation styles.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"13-credits-and-license\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e13. Credits and License \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#13-credits-and-license\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRosegarden is Copyright 2000-2008 Guillaume Laurent, Chris Cannam and\nRichard Bown ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"14-rosegarden-revision-history\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e14. Rosegarden Revision History \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#14-rosegarden-revision-history\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLast revision seems to be May 2008\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"zz\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ezz \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#zz\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNOTE4: we can use rg for input (-\u0026gt; emacs lilypond ) and playback\n(better than qtractor|lmms ?) NOTE3: why we should not use rg for\nnotation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eit is very awkward\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eit does not produce highest quality lilypond\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewe aren\u0026rsquo;t using quantization anyway (which doesn\u0026rsquo;t work too well\neither)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNOTE2: the export was not the problem - the template time signature was!\nNOTE1: after considerable experimentation, it seems the ly export is not\nof high quality and is filled with errors. therefore we need to consider\nalternative system. additionally there are continuous crashes when using\ntimidity (though it was good with yoshimi).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eslurs do not sync with lyrics automatically, so use . to make lyric go\nfor more than a single note.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMIDI/audio sequencer and notation editor (not exactly a daw) (far better\nplayback control than frescobaldi!)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Rosegarden\"\u003ehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Rosegarden\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.rosegardenmusic.com/doc/en/index.html\"\u003ehandbook\u003c/a\u003e make sure\nfluidsynth has been setup or rebooting is necessary for rosegarden to\nsee there is a midi\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003erethink the usage of rg because in the past we just wanted it as a\npre-lilypond interface however, since it can do much more a proper\nexamination is required plan\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003edakloos midi imported using default yoshimi arpeggio sounds really neat!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Catzenjammer of the Vegan Kind", "date_published": "2024-06-05T01:15:24-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-06-05T01:15:24-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/catzenjammer-of-the-vegan-kind/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/catzenjammer-of-the-vegan-kind/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003e(Image generated by Microsoft Designer.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis article deals with confusion and distress that can materialize for\nhumans who put cats on vegan diets.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCatwalk\u003c/strong\u003e addresses the issue from the cat\u0026rsquo;s personal situation, while\n\u003cstrong\u003eCatacomb\u003c/strong\u003e is oriented towards predicaments the catā€™s guardian often\nfaces. Rational for being aware of the mechanisms at play is provided in\n\u003cstrong\u003eCatharsis\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"catwalk\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCatwalk \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#catwalk\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe question on display here is:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIf you are a vegan, should you be feeding your cats vegan?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFeeding your cats a vegan diet has nothing to do with whether you are a\nvegan or not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVegan diets for cats are well-established for more than three decades.\nThese diets are clinically approved and offered by various companies.\n(See \u003ca href=\"https://vecado.ca\"\u003eVecado\u003c/a\u003e for example.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe notion that cats are carnivores and therefore have to eat meat, is a\nfictitious one that does not apply the carnivore taxonomy appropriately.\nA carnivore is a classification based on certain physiological traits\nsuch as canine teeth, and short intestinal tracts. These traits enable\ncarnivores to process animal products more easily than say herbivores.\nThere is no necessity for meat consumption though (as one of many such\nexamples, see Jed Gillen\u0026rsquo;s book \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Obligate-Carnivore-Really-Means-Vegan/dp/1439211205\"\u003eObligate\nCarnivore\u003c/a\u003e).\nCats require specific nutrients, not specific delivery systems (see\n\u003ca href=\"https://vecado.ca/pages/cats101\"\u003eVegan Cats 101\u003c/a\u003e article).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose that cattack vegan diets for cats usually do a catwalk along this\nyellow brick road.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmbark with \u003cem\u003ecats cannot survive on a vegan diet\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen the above is shown to be false empirically, the goal posts are\nmoved to, \u003cem\u003ecats may survive on a vegan diet, but they can\u0026rsquo;t thrive\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter again being foiled by empirical evidence showing thriving vegan\ncats, the last flail insists \u003cem\u003eit\u0026rsquo;s not natural for cats to be on a\nvegan diet\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe problem with this \u0026lsquo;Appeal to Nature\u0026rsquo; is that it is a logical fallacy\n(see\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/prad/fallacy-in-animal-rights-discussions/#headline-52\"\u003edefinition\u003c/a\u003e\nor a more extensive article \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/prad/natural-equals-good/\"\u003eNatural =\nGood?\u003c/a\u003e).\nNote the effort falls apart when confronted with the fact that it is\nalso not natural for cats to be eating kibbles or tinned food much of\nwhich actually has vegetable ingredients in it, by the way, as well as\nsynthetic taurine. Cats are healthier and live longer (see \u003ca href=\"https://www.labroots.com/trending/plants-and-animals/3696/study-cats-living-decades-ago\"\u003eStudy Shows\nCats Are Living\nLongerā€¦\u003c/a\u003e\n) than they did 40 years ago due to people doing unnatural things to cat\nfood.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"catacomb\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCatacomb \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#catacomb\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFilled with dead ideas that keep crawling out like zombies, the\nproselytizing centers around:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIf you are a vegan but don\u0026rsquo;t feed your cats vegan, should you be\nallowed to insist that people coming to your house eat vegan?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell it is your house right? Do you not make decisions on your own turf?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou really don\u0026rsquo;t have to justify your actions using the common ā€˜we have\na choice to be vegan but cats don\u0026rsquo;t due to limited vegan optionsā€™. The\nargument is a moderately good one, but is not ubiquitously meaningful\nsince cats really don\u0026rsquo;t have a choice other than the one you make for\nthem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf your friends, neighbors, family members, random visitors, or the\ncarnivorous vegan police, don\u0026rsquo;t like your decisions, you should welcome\nthem with open arms \u003cstrong\u003enot\u003c/strong\u003e to come to your house.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCattacks here can follow these primary paths (responses are suggested in\nitalics):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou are bringing non-vegan food into your house for your cat,\ntherefore, I should be able to do the same!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eOkay, I completely agree, that you should be able to bring my cat\nnon-vegan cat food. Here are the brands that my cat likes ā€¦\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou let your cat eat non-vegan, therefore I should be able to as\nwell!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eHere is a reality check: you are not a cat. Despite your\nwishfoolness, you really aren\u0026rsquo;t a cat. Even if you employ technology\nto promote such an idea as in the video below, you are still not a\ncat! Okay? So get over it! However, if it means that much to you, I\nwill order some extra tins of cat food and you can share the same\ndinner with my cat.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/AKMoxT7fAk8?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou are a hypocrite because you do non-vegan things yet claim you\u0026rsquo;re\na vegan!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eWell this one is actually an attempted Kobayashi Maru gotcha to\ncatapult a capitulation: If you are a vegan, and you feed your cat\nvegan, you are imposing your will upon your cat. However, if you are\na vegan, and you feed your cat non-vegan, you are being a hypocrite.\nNotice the common element here has nothing to do with the cat or the\ncat\u0026rsquo;s diet. It has to do with your being a vegan!\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImposing your will is something that guardians do anyway as part of the\njob of bringing up cats, dogs, children, parents, or even a spouse.\nDoing so is part of being responsible and so long as your will benefits\nthe subject, there is nothing wrong in such imposition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe hypocrisy accusation though is more interesting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst, one should understand that there is no logical fallacy of\nhypocrisy. So behaving as a hypocrite, does not make your argument\nincorrect. While your personal credibility may diminish with some,\nhypocrisy does not bear any consequence upon the argument itself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance, even an animal abuser is correct when speaking out against\nanimal abuse. The activities the individual engages in, have no bearing\non the correctness of what is being spoken (ie that animals should not\nbe subjected to abuse).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eActivists often fall prey to the hypocrisy accusation, because they are\nunder the misguided illusion that they must behave perfectly or what\nthey say has no merit. On such matters, if you engage in earnest\nself-flagellation, you might as well stop breathing because you are\nkilling microbes every time you inhale! In fact, such reasoning is\ngleefully catcalled thus: \u003cem\u003eYou aren\u0026rsquo;t vegan because you kill microbes,\ntherefore I can eat corpse.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, the above pout is merely an illustration of the Tu Quoque (you\ntoo) fallacy, explained in this \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/prad/fallacy-in-animal-rights-discussions/#headline-25\"\u003eNobody Is\nVegan\u003c/a\u003e\nexample.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, despite many being conditioned into believing that \u0026ldquo;Do as I say and\nnot as I do\u0026rdquo; is a bad attitude, it needs to be understood that one\u0026rsquo;s\npersonal actions do not alter the morality/validity of a statement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecond, do realize that the \u0026lsquo;holier than thou\u0026rsquo; attitude you are being\naccused of, is a result of the \u0026lsquo;holier than thou\u0026rsquo; attitude that is\nalready present in your accuser. In other words, I am so holy, that you\nare not entitled to accuse me of not being so holy, just because you\u0026rsquo;re\na vegan! It is irrelevant whether you actually made any such accusation,\nbecause your being vegan becomes the accusation itself!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis of course leads to the reality that your accuser already knows that\nhe or she is not very holy. Usually, to buffer such self-awareness, the\naccuser resorts to reciting numerous acts of Heavy Holiness such as:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eI have a foster child in Africa\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eI gently take out spiders in my house\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eI only eat corpse parts once a week\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOr in case of serious desperation, some conjure up a direct connection\nto the supreme being of their choice, announcing that \u0026ldquo;God gave us\ndominion over animals\u0026rdquo; which of course is just a precursor to not just\nspeciesism, but its subsequent applications justifying racism, sexism,\nableism, etc. Admittedly, having some god on your side can be of\nconsiderable convenience as Joan Baez\u0026rsquo; beautiful singing illustrates:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/U8IoLkoQ19E?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eWe have often seen holiness play out with serious consequences. As one\nexample, a Jehovah\u0026rsquo;s witness couple who used to visit us, went vegan\nadvised by the wife\u0026rsquo;s doctor to restore her constitution. They\ncomplained to us that their usual circle attacked them mercilessly for\nsuch dietary blasphemy, to their total astonishment! They hadn\u0026rsquo;t even\ngone vegan for ethical reasons, but it seems some people really covet\ntheir neighborsā€™ greater holiness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"catharsis\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCatharsis \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#catharsis\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKnowing the terms of engagement in any encounter is important. However\nrecognizing when these terms are being violated through fallacious\nargumentation, improper imposition, and frantic self-image validation is\neven more important.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eToo often some allow bullies, intellectual or otherwise, to ram their\nviews through while accusing you of doing the same. The saying \u0026ldquo;With\nfriends like these, who needs enemies\u0026rdquo; becomes increasingly apparent in\nsuch situations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFortunately, recognition of the way the game is being played can be\nhelpful and healthful, not only for your own peace of mind, but also if\none hopes to instill some understanding in others.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Yahoo", "date_published": "2024-05-24T19:26:13-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-05-24T19:26:13-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/trade/yahoo/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/trade/yahoo/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eYahoo Finance is primarily a financial news and data aggregator. It also\noffers stock quotes, market data such as analyst reports, as well as\nportfolio management resources. It is suitable for financial\nprofessionals and individuals looking to manage portfolios and get\ninsights into stock quotes and market data.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"finance\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinance \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#finance\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Yahoo Finance homepage is composed of several sections and these\nappear down the left side or across the top (on a wide view).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"my-portfolio\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMy Portfolio \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#my-portfolio\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this section, it is possible to create or track various portfolios by\nlinking to a brokerage account, importing from csv file, creating\nmanually. The portfolios are listed by name as well as any watchlists\nthat are setup. News on portfolio items are also display on the Create a\nPortfolio with Holdings page. This setup seems worth doing even if you\nhave things setup in a brokerage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"news\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNews \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#news\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCurrent news on many topics and regions is found here in appropriate\ngroupings. Some of the items are likely sponsored by organizations like\nMotley Fool who are trying to lure customers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLatest News: general financial news with buttons for AI, Inflation,\netc\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStock Market News: includes news related to stock market as well as\nEarnings, Yahoo Newsroom etc\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"markets\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMarkets \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#markets\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShows calendar of events with selectable displays such as All Events,\nEarnings, Stock Splits, IPOs, and Economic Events. Below this calendar\nare various articles related to the market.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sectors\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSectors \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sectors\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGrouping of stocks by sectors are shown here with percentage breakdowns\nof Technology, Financial Services, Healthcare, Consumer Cyclical,\nIndustrials, Communication Services, Consumer Defensive, Energy, Basic\nMaterials, Real Estate. To the right, lies a heatmap of whatever sector\nis chosen. There is also a button \u0026lsquo;Go To Sector\u0026rsquo;, which will provide\nmore detailed information and analysis of that sector including\nIndustries in This Sector, Largest Companies in This Sector, Investing\nin This Sector (ETFs and Mutual Funds), Sector Research, From the\nCommunity, and lots of Sector News.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sceeners\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSceeners \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sceeners\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustom screeners can be created, but there are several pre-built ones\nfrom YF+ (upgrade needed) and YF, such as Aggresive small cap stocks,\nDay Gainers, Growth Technology Stocks, Small caps with momentum, and\nmany more. The scenes are shareable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"personal-finance\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePersonal Finance \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#personal-finance\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis section has suggestions on saving, spending, and preparing through\na large collection of articles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"videos\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eVideos \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#videos\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are many videos on several topics organized by Program list\n(Shows, Series, Events), Editor\u0026rsquo;s Picks, Latest News, Yahoo Finance\nOriginals, Investing \u0026amp; Market Insights, Yahoo Finance Trending Stocks,\nTech News, EV and Autos, Real Estate, Personal Finance, Good Buy or\nGoodbye? (which is quite clever).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"dock\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDock \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dock\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe main homepage provides news and a permanent panel (your dock) on the\nright side. There is a button to customize the dock. The sections show\npreviews but have an arrow which links to a complete page of the items\nin that category.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"quote-lookup\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eQuote Lookup \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#quote-lookup\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA search bar to find an investment vehicle. Clicking in the bar\ninitially gives some trending tickers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"markets-spdowetc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMarkets (S\u0026amp;P,Dow,etc) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#markets-spdowetc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvides the main markets (Dow,Nasdaq,etc) in US, Europe, Asia as well\nas Bond/Note rates, some commodities, some forex currency pairs, and\nCryptocurrencies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"my-portfolios\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMy Portfolios \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#my-portfolios\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTakes you to the My Portfolios section in Finance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"recently-viewed\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRecently Viewed \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recently-viewed\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFive of recently viewed items show up here, but clicking on the arrow\nwill take you to a larger list.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"trending-tickers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTrending Tickers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#trending-tickers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh profile items show up here.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"top-economic-events\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTop Economic Events \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#top-economic-events\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese can be filtered by country right in the preview box. Alternately,\nclicking on the arrow shows a weekly calendar page which is the same as\nin the Markets section of Finance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"stock\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStock \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#stock\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA given stock has several buttons across the top.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSummary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the starting point which provides a rudimentary chart with\nselectable timeframe, standard data about the company, Recent News,\nPerformance Overview, Compare To, Statistics (Valuation Measures,\nFinancial Highlights, etc), Research Analysis (including analyst\nrecommendations). Some of the items have a View More link which provides\ngreater detail and further information.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"news-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNews \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#news-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis section has lots of news articles about the stock grouped into All,\nNews, Press Release, SEC Filings (categorized into relevant groups\nthemselves).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"chart\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eChart \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#chart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdvanced charting for the stock is provided with customizable indicators\nand overlays. Events can be made to appear on the chart, but technical\npatterns require an upgrade. There is also a handy button to show a\ntable view which can be copied/downloaded.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"conversations\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConversations \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#conversations\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are threaded posts by account holders and occasionally it is\npossible to determine sentiment due to some individuals putting up the\nbullish/bearish buttons.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"statistics\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStatistics \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#statistics\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are many items here grouped by Valuation Measures, Financial\nHighlights, and Trading Information.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"historical-data\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHistorical Data \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#historical-data\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis section contains OHLC data which can be customized by time period\nas well as timeframes. The prices can be downloaded too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"profile\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eProfile \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#profile\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUseful information is grouped here by Identity Details about the\ncompany, Key Executives, Corporate Governance, Description, Upcoming\nEvents, and Recent Events.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"stock-data-eg-aapl\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003estock data (eg AAPL) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#stock-data-eg-aapl\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"summary-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSummary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNasdaqGS - Nasdaq Real Time Price ā€¢ USD\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApple Inc. (AAPL) Following {watchlist} Compare {!!}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrice gain/loss day and after hours\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChart duration (1D .. All) ; key events (earnings, ratings); barstyle\n; fullscreen ; settings\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChart graph ; x time ; y price ; volume\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSummary data\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrevious Close\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBid\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAsk\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDay\u0026rsquo;s Range\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e52 Week Range\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVolume\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAvg Volume\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarket Cap\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBeta\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePE Ratio\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEPS\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEarnings Date\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFoward DivYld\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEx-Div Date\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1y Target\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRecent News\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRelated Videos\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerformance Overview Trailing total returns as of (eg) 2/19/2025,\nwhich may include dividends or other distributions. Benchmark is S\u0026amp;P\n500.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompare To Select to analyze similar companies using key performance\nmetrics; select up to 4 stocks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStatistics\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eValuation Measures\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarket Cap\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnterprise Value\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrailing P/E\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eForward P/E\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePEG Ratio (5yr expected)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrice/Sales (ttm)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrice/Book (mrq)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnterprise Value/Revenue\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnterprise Value/EBITDA\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFinancial Highlights\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProfit Margin\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReturn on Assets (ttm)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReturn on Equity (ttm)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRevenue (ttm)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNet Income Avi to Common (ttm)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiluted EPS (ttm)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Cash (mrq)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTotal Debt/Equity (mrq)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLevered Free Cash Flow (ttm)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResearch Analysis (visuals)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEarnings Per Share\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRevenue vs Earnings\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnalyst Recommendations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnalyst Price Targets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEarnings Estimate\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRevenue Estimate\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEarnings History\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEPS Trend\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEPS Revisions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrowth Estimates\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTop Analysts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpgrades \u0026amp; Downgrades\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelated Tickers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTop Analysts\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverall Score\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDirection Score\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrice Score\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpgrades \u0026amp; Downgrades\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelated Tickers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeople Also Watch\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "Investors Edge", "date_published": "2024-05-23T11:35:54-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-05-23T11:35:54-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/trade/investors-edge/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/trade/investors-edge/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe sitemap of Investor\u0026rsquo;s Edge is presented with explanations for each\nsection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"accounts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAccounts \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#accounts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"overview\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOverview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#overview\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edaily markets and link to market overview\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eall accounts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etop 10 stocks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edaily brief (can subscribe too)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emy watch lists and bell link to alerts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003enews headlines, analyst reports, my alerts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eother miscellaneous articles at bottom\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"holdings\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHoldings \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#holdings\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emost recent, last business day, book value\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etotal value breakdown to securities,cash\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"performance\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePerformance \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#performance\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSee explanations of terms if necessary in the provided guide:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003erate-of-return% as time|money weighted in some timeframe\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ebalance trend$ in some timeframe\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"transaction-history\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTransaction History \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#transaction-history\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransaction type, Security type, Symbol, Currency filters\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDownload transactions link as csv\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"edocuments\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eeDocuments \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#edocuments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccount statements\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrade confirmations (searchable by description)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTax documents (even a Tax reporting guide)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"trading\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTrading \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#trading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a long way through here or the Quick Trade button. Extended\nhours trading of USD stocks also possible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"stocks--etfs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStocks \u0026amp; ETFs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#stocks--etfs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChoose account, action (buy|sell), Symbol, Quantity, Order type\n(market,limit,stop,etc)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"options\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOptions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#options\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis needs to be looked into at a later point in time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrade Option\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptions Central\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"mutual-funds\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMutual Funds \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#mutual-funds\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot really interested in these because we\u0026rsquo;d hold many items we don\u0026rsquo;t\nwant to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"gics--bonds\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGICs \u0026amp; Bonds \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#gics--bonds\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a very large selection of items here and we should explore all\nof them since under certain conditions some of these may be better than\nGICs:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGICs (CIBC, CIBC Market Linked, Third-party)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCorporate bonds\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrip bonds\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMoney market (T-Bill/CP/BA)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNew issues\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProvincial bonds\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGovernment of Canada bonds\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMunicipal bonds\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOthers (including structured notes)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"structured-notes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStructured Notes \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#structured-notes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrincipal at risk notes (PARs)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrincipal protected notes (PPNs)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"regular-investment-plans\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRegular Investment Plans \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#regular-investment-plans\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot of any real use to us unless we pull in sufficient regular income.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"ipos--new-issues\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIPOs \u0026amp; New Issues \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ipos--new-issues\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProbably somewhat risky, but should understand this later.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"order-status\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOrder Status \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#order-status\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEspecially useful after any trade and viewable by Stock,Option,Mutual\nFund, GICs and Bonds, Cash Transfer, or All Orders\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"transfers-and-exchange\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTransfers and Exchange \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#transfers-and-exchange\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"transfer-cash\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTransfer Cash \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#transfer-cash\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom IE|CIBC to IE|CIBC depending on what it is.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"exchange-currency\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExchange Currency \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#exchange-currency\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a somewhat elaborate process used to CAD \u0026lt;ā€“\u0026gt; USD and needs to\nbe approved, so it can take a day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"transfer-accounts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTransfer Accounts \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#transfer-accounts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMake the transfer (in-kind,in-cash,partial) from somewhere to IE.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sub-account-transfers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSub-Account Transfers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sub-account-transfers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCan transfer stocks and etfs CAD \u0026lt;ā€“\u0026gt; USD. Check if this is the Norbert\nGambit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"rrsp-withdrawal\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRRSP Withdrawal \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rrsp-withdrawal\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNA unless holding an rrsp.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"quotes-and-research\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eQuotes and Research \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#quotes-and-research\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"market-centre\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMarket Centre \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#market-centre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUseful for getting wide view.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverview: Markets overview, Market movers, News headlines\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarkets at a glance: North American, USD vs CAD, Commodities, Rates\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarket movers: TSX,TSXV,NYSE,NASDAQ,AMEX\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNews: elaborate search and mentions (table|bubble)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"technical-analysis\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTechnical Analysis \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#technical-analysis\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA powerful setup with many features including ideas, education,\nnewsletters!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnical Insight\u003cbr\u003e\nThe 3bar dropdown gives hoempage, screener, watchlists, alert center.\nThere is a search bar to pull up any stock and beside it links to\neducation (patterns, short-term, indicators, oscillators), and help\n(getting started, FAQ).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFeatured Ideas\u003cbr\u003e\nAllows filtering of ideas by your choice of exchanges and timeframes,\nbut also has a list of bull/bear items with targets. Items can be put\non watch, show advanced charts, and company info. There are also\nTRADE, BACKTESTING, EVENT LOOKUP buttons.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEducation on Demand with Martin Pring provides a 31 video course\n(building blocks, interpreting charts, trends and key levels) with 23\nquizzes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNewsletters provides daily trade ideas from Trading Central analysts\nsuch as Daily Brief, Energy Market Report, ETF Market Report,\nFinancial Market Report, Panoramic View, Technology Market Report.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"my-watch-lists\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMy Watch Lists \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#my-watch-lists\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSetup My Watch Lists and Quote Lists (Stocks, ETFs, Indices, Options,\nMutual Funds)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"stock-centre\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStock Centre \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#stock-centre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQuickly find fundamentals, earnings and financials by searching for a\nsymbol or security. For deeper insights, go to Reports or visit Analyst\nReports.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverview: Top Sectors, CIBC prescreens, Saved screens\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpgrades and Downgrades based on analyst views in past 4 weeks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScreeners: preset for CAD|USD low PE | value | growth at reasonable\nprice\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustomize screener allows detailed filtering including country,\nsector, industry, market cap, price, fundamentals and much more\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"etf-centre\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eETF Centre \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#etf-centre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNA for now but has Overview, Screener, Compare, Commentary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"fund-centre\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFund Centre \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fund-centre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNA for now but has Overview, Performance, Screener, Customize Screener\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"analyst-reports\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnalyst Reports \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#analyst-reports\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a huge amount of information here that is constantly updated.\nThe searches can be saved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverview including Research Highlights\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEquities reports filtered by time and source\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEconomics reports filtered by time\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustom search which is quite elaborate\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSaved searches for later recall\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"my-alerts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMy Alerts \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#my-alerts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn extensive system which can provide alerts in many areas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverview\u003cbr\u003e\nMarket alerts provide user-defined updates sent at designated times or\nbased on specific triggering events and include stock, watchlist,\nanalyst reports.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarkets by exchange include Daily list of most active stocks, Daily\nlist of new 52-week highs/lows, ļæ¼ Daily list of volume changes, Daily\nlist of gaps, Daily list of breakouts, Daily list of stock splits\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"learn\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLearn \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#learn\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis section is available outside IE without login and consist of\narticles and videos which are not particularly well-organized, and most\nmay not be too useful. However, the material is concise and efficient.\nThe items, articles (A) and videos (V), are presented in no particular\norder with summaries by harpa.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"investing-101\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting 101 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-101\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMini course\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"lesson-1-investing-to-outpace-inflation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLesson 1: Investing to outpace inflation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lesson-1-investing-to-outpace-inflation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInvesting helps your wealth grow faster than inflation, protecting its\npurchasing power.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInflation erodes your money\u0026rsquo;s value over time.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvesting helps your money potentially outpace inflation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBank savings accounts cannot keep up with inflation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"lesson-2-what-is-your-risk-tolerance\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLesson 2: What is your risk tolerance? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lesson-2-what-is-your-risk-tolerance\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYour risk tolerance is how comfortable you are with investment ups and\ndowns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYour time horizon (when you need the money) affects your risk\ntolerance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRiskier investments offer potentially higher returns but fluctuate\nmore.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConservative investments offer lower returns but fluctuate less.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiversification helps lower risk by spreading investments across\ndifferent asset classes.*** Trading with Investor\u0026rsquo;s Edge\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"lesson-3-diversify-your-portfolio\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLesson 3: Diversify your portfolio \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lesson-3-diversify-your-portfolio\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDiversifying your investment portfolio helps minimize the overall risk\nof loss and provides more opportunities for profit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA diversified portfolio includes investments from different asset\nclasses like stocks, bonds, and cash equivalents.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiversification helps reduce risk because the performance of different\nasset classes is not always the same. When one asset class goes down,\nanother might go up, potentially offsetting the losses.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStocks generally provide the highest return but also come with the\nhighest risk. Bonds provide lower returns but are less volatile. Cash\nequivalents offer the least amount of risk and return.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is recommended to diversify within each asset class as well. For\nexample, within stocks, diversify by company size, industry sector,\nand geography.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiversification does not guarantee positive returns, especially during\neconomic downturns when all asset classes might decline.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegularly rebalance your portfolio to maintain your desired asset\nallocation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"lesson-4-why-invest-in-stocks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLesson 4: Why invest in stocks? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lesson-4-why-invest-in-stocks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInvesting in stocks allows you to partially own a company, potentially\nbenefit from its growth, and earn income through dividends and capital\ngains.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStocks represent partial ownership of a company.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOwning stocks allows you to participate in a company\u0026rsquo;s growth and\nbenefit from potential price appreciation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStocks are created when companies sell part of their ownership to\ninvestors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBenefits of stock investing include:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePotential for long-term growth that beats inflation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePotential income from dividends.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiversification opportunities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEase of buying, selling, and monitoring compared to other\ninvestments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFavorable tax treatment for capital gains in Canada.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRisks of stock investing include:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarket volatility that can lead to price fluctuations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUncertainty of dividend payments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStock prices are influenced by various factors including:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompany performance and future prospects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEconomic data releases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompany-specific news.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInterest rates.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolitical events.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarket sentiment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnical factors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt can be challenging to determine a fair price for a stock, but\nfundamental and technical analysis methods can provide guidance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"lesson-5-using-fundamental-and-technical-analysis-to-pick-stocks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLesson 5: Using fundamental and technical analysis to pick stocks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lesson-5-using-fundamental-and-technical-analysis-to-pick-stocks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding a company through fundamental analysis and using technical\nanalysis tools can help you make informed investment decisions when\nchoosing stocks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePicking stocks can be challenging due to information overload,\ndifficulty determining fair prices, and emotional bias.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFundamental research focuses on understanding a company\u0026rsquo;s financial\nhealth, industry position, management team, growth potential, and how\nit\u0026rsquo;s positioned for future success.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnical analysis uses past market data like price and volume trends\n[sufficient liquidity] to predict future stock performance and\nidentify potential buying opportunities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnical analysis tools include chart pattern recognition, trend\nanalysis, and moving averages (as well as momentum indicator\nespecially for day trading?).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s recommended to use both fundamental and technical analysis\ntogether for a more comprehensive understanding before making\ninvestment decisions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"lesson-6-why-invest-in-fixed-income\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLesson 6: Why invest in fixed income? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lesson-6-why-invest-in-fixed-income\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInvesting in fixed income, such as bonds, can provide stability and\nincome to a portfolio, but it also comes with risks like interest rate\nfluctuations and credit quality changes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFixed income investments, like bonds, offer regular interest payments\nand return of the principal amount at maturity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThey are generally considered less volatile than stocks, making them a\ngood option for risk-averse investors or those seeking portfolio\nstability.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBonds can provide income that can be used to meet current living\nexpenses or reinvested for further growth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe price of bonds is inversely related to interest rates. When\ninterest rates rise, bond prices fall.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe credit quality of a bond issuer also affects its price. Bonds\nissued by governments are generally considered the safest, while\ncorporate bonds may offer higher returns but also carry greater credit\nrisk.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHow to invest in bonds: Individual bonds, Bond mutual funds, Bond\nexchange-traded funds (ETFs), Bond ladders\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"lesson-7-why-invest-in-mutual-funds-and-exchange-traded-funds-etfs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLesson 7: Why invest in mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs)? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lesson-7-why-invest-in-mutual-funds-and-exchange-traded-funds-etfs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInvesting in mutual funds and ETFs is a good alternative to investing in\nindividual stocks and bonds, especially for beginners, as it offers\ndiversification, professional management, and potentially lower costs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMutual funds and ETFs pool money from multiple investors to buy a\nbasket of assets like stocks, bonds, or other securities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdvantages of mutual funds and ETFs:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiversification: Reduces overall risk by investing in a variety of\nassets.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProfessional management: Experts research and select investments on\nyour behalf.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower costs: Can be cheaper than buying individual stocks due to\neconomies of scale.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDisadvantages of mutual funds and ETFs:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLack of control: You don\u0026rsquo;t choose the specific stocks or bonds you\nown.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLimited customization: May not perfectly align with your investment\ngoals.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePotentially lower returns than individual stocks: Fees can eat into\nreturns and underperformance compared to market indexes is possible.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe best approach depends on your investment goals, risk tolerance,\nand preferences.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"lesson-8-when-to-start-investing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLesson 8: When to start investing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lesson-8-when-to-start-investing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe most important takeaway from this webpage is that the sooner you\nstart investing, the better. This is because of the power of compound\nreturns, which allows your money to grow exponentially over time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe earlier you begin investing, the more time your money has to grow\nthrough compound returns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompound returns allow your initial investment and any earned\ninterest/dividends to be reinvested, generating even more gains.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvesting early allows for more diversification, which helps mitigate\nrisk.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs you invest over time, you can take advantage of market fluctuations\nand potentially buy assets at lower prices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe longer you are invested, the more seasoned you become as an\ninvestor, allowing you to make sound decisions during market ups and\ndowns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDollar-cost averaging is a beneficial strategy that involves investing\na fixed amount of money regularly, regardless of market conditions.\nThis helps lower the average cost of your investment over time.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"trading-with-investors-edge-15\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTrading with Investor\u0026rsquo;s Edge (15) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#trading-with-investors-edge-15\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"should-you-consider-trading-in-extended-hours-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eShould you consider trading in extended hours? A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#should-you-consider-trading-in-extended-hours-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCIBC Investor\u0026rsquo;s Edge offers extended hours trading on eligible U.S.\nstocks, allowing investors to trade before or after the regular market\nhours. However, it is important to be aware of the risks associated with\nextended hours trading, such as low liquidity and wider bid-ask spreads.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvestor\u0026rsquo;s Edge allows extended hours trading for U.S. stocks listed\non NYSE and NASDAQ from 8:05 am to 9:29 am and 4:00 pm to 6:00 pm\nEastern Time.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuring early exchange closures, the morning session remains\nunaffected, while the afternoon session is between 1:00 pm and 5:00\npm.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnly limit orders are accepted for extended hours trading.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eForeign currency conversion is not available, so ensure sufficient\nU.S. cash is available.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCDRs and options are not eligible for extended hours trading.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe main risk is low liquidity, which can lead to wider bid-ask\nspreads and difficulty getting orders filled at desired prices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBenefits include the ability to react to news breaking outside regular\nhours and to volatility in foreign markets.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"whats-your-game-plan-when-stocks-are-dropping-v\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhatā€™s your game plan when stocks are dropping? V \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#whats-your-game-plan-when-stocks-are-dropping-v\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[00:00] Introduction to Short Selling\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExplains the concept of short selling as a strategy to potentially\nprofit when stock prices drop.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntroduces the basic idea of borrowing a stock, selling it high, and\nbuying it back later at a lower price to return it.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[01:08] Example of Short Selling\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUses a simplified scenario to illustrate the mechanics of short\nselling.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExplains how the borrower profits by selling high and buying back at a\nlower price.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"how-to-calculate-your-gain-or-loss-when-short-selling-v\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow to calculate your gain or loss when short selling V \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-to-calculate-your-gain-or-loss-when-short-selling-v\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[00:00] Calculating Profit or Loss in Short Selling\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExplains how to calculate profit/loss when short selling a stock.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProfit = (selling price - buying price) x number of shares.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLoss = (buying price - selling price) x number of shares.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[01:09] Unlimited Risk of Short Selling\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBiggest risk: Stock prices can rise indefinitely, leading to\npotentially unlimited losses.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnforeseen positive news can cause sudden price spikes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExchange may halt trading due to pending news, allowing price gaps to\nform upon reopening.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"how-does-margin-trading-work-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow does margin trading work? A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-does-margin-trading-work-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"trade-types-market-limit-and-stop-orders-with-limits-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTrade types: market, limit and stop orders with limits A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#trade-types-market-limit-and-stop-orders-with-limits-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding the different order types (market, limit, stop-limit) is\ncrucial for executing trades effectively under various market\nconditions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarket orders prioritize immediate execution, filling your order at\nthe best available price, which may differ from the displayed price.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLimit orders prioritize a specific price or better, ensuring your\norder is filled only at or above your desired buy price or at or below\nyour desired sell price.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStop-limit orders combine stop and limit features. They trigger a\nlimit order to buy or sell once a certain price (stop price) is\nreached, but the actual execution happens at the best available price\nwithin the specified limit price.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditional points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLimit orders and stop-limit orders may not always be filled,\nespecially in volatile markets.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCIBC Investor\u0026rsquo;s Edge offers resources to learn more about advanced\norder types like trailing stop-limit orders and short selling.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"finding-a-real-time-stock-quote-on-the-investors-edge-platform-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinding a real-time stock quote on the Investorā€™s Edge platform A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#finding-a-real-time-stock-quote-on-the-investors-edge-platform-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a good article because it gives details about the stock page.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCIBC Investor\u0026rsquo;s Edge provides real-time stock quotes and in-depth market\ndata to help you make informed investment decisions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccess real-time stock quotes through the \u0026ldquo;Quotes and Research\u0026rdquo; tab\nafter agreeing to any outstanding disclaimers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSearch for stocks by company name or ticker symbol using the search\nbar.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;Snapshot\u0026rdquo; page displays key information including last price,\nchange, bid/ask, volume, P/E ratio, EPS, dividend yield, and more.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdditional details like 52-week range, market cap, short restrictions,\nand ex-dividend date are also available.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUtilize \u0026ldquo;Quotes and Research\u0026rdquo; for advanced charts, news, analyst\nratings, technical analysis, and the ability to set price alerts and\nwatchlists.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"how-to-purchase-a-gic-v\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow to purchase a GIC V \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-to-purchase-a-gic-v\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[00:03] Finding and Purchasing GICs on Investor\u0026rsquo;s Edge\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExplains where to find GIC offerings on the Investor\u0026rsquo;s Edge platform\nand the steps to purchase them.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUser navigates to \u0026ldquo;Trading\u0026rdquo; \u0026gt; \u0026ldquo;GICs \u0026amp; bonds\u0026rdquo; and selects \u0026ldquo;Buy GICs\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChooses a GIC, selects account, amount (minimum $5,000), and\ncurrency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReviews the order and enters trading password to complete the\npurchase.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[00:58] Exploring Alternative GIC Options\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvestor\u0026rsquo;s Edge also offers GICs from other issuers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUser can choose between different interest payout options.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe purchase process remains the same as for CIBC GICs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTalks about MLGICs as well\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"how-to-place-a-stock-trade-v\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow to place a stock trade V \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-to-place-a-stock-trade-v\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[00:02] Accessing the Trading Platform \u0026amp; Order Screen\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvestor\u0026rsquo;s Edge platform explained, location of the trading section.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUser navigates to the order entry screen.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[00:31] Placing a Market Order\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUser selects \u0026ldquo;buy\u0026rdquo; action and enters stock symbol (or company name).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExchange selection, defaulting to the Canadian exchange.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpecifying the number of shares to purchase.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChoosing a market order to buy at the best available price.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelecting the account to purchase from.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[01:38] Reviewing \u0026amp; Submitting a Market Order\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReviewing the order details (stock, price, quantity, account).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEntering trading password and submitting the order.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"putting-balance-trend-to-work-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePutting ā€œBalance Trendā€ to work A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#putting-balance-trend-to-work-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Balance Trend feature in CIBC Investor\u0026rsquo;s Edge helps you visualize\nhow your investment decisions have performed over time, allowing you to\nmonitor progress towards financial goals and assess portfolio\nperformance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBalance Trend shows the movement of your total asset value (cash,\ninvestments, income, gains/losses) over time.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse it to:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrack progress towards financial goals (e.g., saving for a car).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnalyze investment performance by comparing your returns to\nbenchmarks and understanding how your portfolio reacts to market\nfluctuations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Rate of Return tab provides the same information in percentage\nformat.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"understanding-short-selling-stocks-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnderstanding short selling stocks A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#understanding-short-selling-stocks-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"understanding-trailing-stop-limit-orders-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnderstanding trailing stop limit orders A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#understanding-trailing-stop-limit-orders-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"understanding-what-buying-power-means-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnderstanding what Buying Power means A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#understanding-what-buying-power-means-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"completing-a-trailing-stop-limit-order-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompleting a trailing stop limit order A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#completing-a-trailing-stop-limit-order-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"how-to-short-sell-a-stock-online-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow to short sell a stock online A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-to-short-sell-a-stock-online-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"how-do-i-place-a-foreign-exchange-cash-conversion-order-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow do I place a foreign exchange cash conversion order? A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-do-i-place-a-foreign-exchange-cash-conversion-order-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"time-weighted-and-money-weighted-rates-of-return-a-comparison\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTime-weighted and money-weighted rates of return: A comparison \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#time-weighted-and-money-weighted-rates-of-return-a-comparison\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding the differences between time-weighted rate of return\n(TWRR) and money-weighted rate of return (MWRR) helps you measure your\ninvestment performance by considering the impact of cash flow and\ninvestment timing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTime-Weighted Rate of Return (TWRR):\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIgnores the impact of cash flow (contributions, withdrawals).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUseful for comparing your portfolio\u0026rsquo;s performance to a benchmark,\nfocusing solely on underlying investment returns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCalculated by geometrically linking daily valuations over a specific\nperiod.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMoney-Weighted Rate of Return (MWRR):\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTakes into account the impact of cash flow timing and amount.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUseful for assessing if you\u0026rsquo;re on track to meet your financial\ngoals.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMore complex to calculate, often requiring financial software.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSets the present value of the portfolio\u0026rsquo;s ending value equal to the\npresent value of the initial investment, considering all cash flow\nchanges.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth TWRR and MWRR offer valuable insights, but they measure different\naspects of portfolio performance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"how-to-trade-options\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow to trade options \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-to-trade-options\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"stocks-23\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStocks (23) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#stocks-23\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"what-is-a-canadian-depositary-receipt-cdr-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat is a Canadian Depositary Receipt (CDR)? A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-is-a-canadian-depositary-receipt-cdr-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"keep-your-trading-discipline-in-volatile-markets-v\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eKeep your trading discipline in volatile markets V \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#keep-your-trading-discipline-in-volatile-markets-v\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"how-to-calculate-your-gain-or-loss-when-short-selling-v-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow to calculate your gain or loss when short selling V \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-to-calculate-your-gain-or-loss-when-short-selling-v-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"whats-your-game-plan-when-stocks-are-dropping-v-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhatā€™s your game plan when stocks are dropping? V \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#whats-your-game-plan-when-stocks-are-dropping-v-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"understand-margin-when-you-short-sell-stock-v\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnderstand margin when you short sell stock V \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#understand-margin-when-you-short-sell-stock-v\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"understand-margin-trading-and-make-it-work-for-you-v\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnderstand margin trading and make it work for you V \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#understand-margin-trading-and-make-it-work-for-you-v\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"what-do-the-best-traders-have-in-common-v\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat do the best traders have in common? V \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-do-the-best-traders-have-in-common-v\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"top-10-traded-stocks-last-month-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTop 10 Traded Stocks Last Month A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#top-10-traded-stocks-last-month-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"all-about-stocks-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAll about stocks A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#all-about-stocks-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"5-questions-about-stock-splits-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5 questions about stock splits A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#5-questions-about-stock-splits-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"corporate-actions-a-shareholders-guide-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCorporate actions: A shareholder\u0026rsquo;s guide A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#corporate-actions-a-shareholders-guide-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"understanding-short-selling-stocks-a-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnderstanding short selling stocks A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#understanding-short-selling-stocks-a-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"understanding-trailing-stop-limit-orders-a-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnderstanding trailing stop limit orders A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#understanding-trailing-stop-limit-orders-a-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"researching-stocks-with-equity-research-reports-from-morningstar-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eResearching stocks with Equity Research Reports from Morningstar A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#researching-stocks-with-equity-research-reports-from-morningstar-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"stocks-tell-a-story-heres-how-to-read-them-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStocks tell a story. Here\u0026rsquo;s how to read them. A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#stocks-tell-a-story-heres-how-to-read-them-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"trade-types-market-limit-and-stop-orders-with-limits-a-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTrade types: market, limit and stop orders with limits A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#trade-types-market-limit-and-stop-orders-with-limits-a-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"what-is-volume-and-why-should-you-care-about-it-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat is volume and why should you care about it? A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-is-volume-and-why-should-you-care-about-it-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"what-is-market-capitalization-and-why-you-need-to-care-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat is market capitalization and why you need to care A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-is-market-capitalization-and-why-you-need-to-care-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"stock-classifications-from-blue-chip-to-speculative-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStock classifications: From blue-chip to speculative A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#stock-classifications-from-blue-chip-to-speculative-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"bull-versus-bear-markets-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBull versus bear markets A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#bull-versus-bear-markets-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"money-minute-the-power-of-time-and-dividends-v\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMoney Minute: The power of time and dividends V \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#money-minute-the-power-of-time-and-dividends-v\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"how-an-ipo-works-and-who-can-buy-in-to-one-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow an IPO works and who can buy in to one A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-an-ipo-works-and-who-can-buy-in-to-one-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"key-financial-metrics-to-consider-before-you-invest-in-stocks-a\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eKey financial metrics to consider before you invest in stocks A \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#key-financial-metrics-to-consider-before-you-invest-in-stocks-a\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"etfs-and-mutual-funds-9\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eETFs and mutual funds (9) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#etfs-and-mutual-funds-9\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"fixed-income-13\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFixed income (13) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fixed-income-13\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"options-10\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOptions (10) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#options-10\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"portfolio-strategies-24\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePortfolio strategies (24) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#portfolio-strategies-24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e" }, { "title": "Lilypond", "date_published": "2024-05-19T23:57:00-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-05-19T23:57:00-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/lilypond/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/lilypond/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://lilypond.org\"\u003eLilyPond\u003c/a\u003e is a free program that lets you create\nbeautiful sheet music for all kinds of music, from classical to modern,\njust like for piano or guitar.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe coding commands will have emacs shortcuts attached to them as these\nare produced.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"fundamental-concepts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efundamental concepts \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fundamental-concepts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"file-structure\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efile structure \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#file-structure\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e.1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efor instance,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEvery block is a separate chunk of music within a block. multiple scores\n-\u0026gt; still one output file\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEvery block affects the or block in which it appears multiple books -\u0026gt;\nseparate output file\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"note-structure\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003enote structure \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#note-structure\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003epitch duration post-event(s)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"brackets-and-ties\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ebrackets and ties \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#brackets-and-ties\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e{ ā€¦ } Encloses a sequential segment of music \u0026lt; ā€¦ \u0026gt; Encloses the notes\nof a chord \u0026lt;\u0026lt; ā€¦ \u0026gt;\u0026gt; Encloses simultaneous music expressions eg voices\n( ā€¦ ) Marks the start and end of a slur $\u003ccode\u003eā€¦\u003c/code\u003e$ Marks the start and end\nof a phrasing slur [ ā€¦ ] Marks the start and end of a manual beam\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ex/y { ā€¦ }\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"voices\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003evoices \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#voices\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026lt; d\u003cbr\u003e\n\u0026gt;\u0026gt;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStaff \u0026lt;\u0026lt; Voice = \u0026ldquo;1\u0026rdquo; { } Voice = \u0026ldquo;2\u0026rdquo; { } \u0026gt;\u0026gt;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"musescore-transfer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003emusescore transfer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#musescore-transfer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emusescore -\u0026gt; xml musescore $f -o ${f%.*}.musicxml\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003exml -\u0026gt; ly musicxml2ly ā€“nrp ā€“npb ā€“npm ā€“npl ā€“nsd ā€“nb -m -r -l english $f\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"automatic-scaling-to-paper-size\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eautomatic scaling to paper size \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#automatic-scaling-to-paper-size\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e#(set-default-paper-size \u0026ldquo;letter\u0026rdquo;) at top level will automatically\nscale and it is not necessary to do it with then diddle in here (as\noriginally done): Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.padding = #1.3\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"emacs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eemacs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#emacs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"textedit\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=278992\"\u003etextedit\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#textedit\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efollow instructions for gnome3 in \u003ca href=\"https://lilypond.org/doc/v2.21/Documentation/usage/configuring-the-system-for-point-and-click\"\u003e4.1.1 Configuring the\nsystem\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003elilypond-invoke-editor.desktop already in /usr/share/applications\n[Desktop Entry] Version=1.0 Name=lilypond-invoke-editor\nGenericName=Textedit URI handler Comment=URI handler for textedit:\nExec=lilypond-invoke-editor %u Terminal=false Type=Application\nMimeType=x-scheme-handler/textedit; Categories=Editor NoDisplay=true\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethen execute: xdg-desktop-menu install\n/usr/share/applications/lilypond-invoke-editor.desktop xdg-mime default\nlilypond-invoke-editor.desktop x-scheme-handler/textedit\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eput in .zshenv: export LYEDITOR=emacsclient the scm/editor.scm already\nhas emacsclient in it so no special config necessary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"scheme\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003escheme \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#scheme\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScheme tutorial\u003cbr\u003e\n1.1 Introduction to Scheme\u003cbr\u003e\n1.1.1 Scheme sandbox\u003cbr\u003e\n1.1.2 Scheme variables\u003cbr\u003e\n1.1.3 Scheme simple data types\u003cbr\u003e\n1.1.4 Scheme compound data types\u003cbr\u003e\n1.1.5 Calculations in Scheme\u003cbr\u003e\n1.1.6 Scheme procedures\u003cbr\u003e\n1.1.7 Scheme conditionals\u003cbr\u003e\n1.2 Scheme in LilyPond\u003cbr\u003e\n1.2.1 LilyPond Scheme syntax\u003cbr\u003e\n1.2.2 LilyPond variables\u003cbr\u003e\n1.2.3 Debugging Scheme code\u003cbr\u003e\n1.2.4 Input variables and Scheme\u003cbr\u003e\n1.2.5 Importing Scheme in LilyPond\u003cbr\u003e\n1.2.6 Object properties\u003cbr\u003e\n1.2.7 LilyPond compound variables\u003cbr\u003e\n1.2.8 Internal music representation\u003cbr\u003e\n1.3 Building complicated functions\u003cbr\u003e\n1.3.1 Displaying music expressions\u003cbr\u003e\n1.3.2 Music properties\u003cbr\u003e\n1.3.3 Doubling a note with slurs (example)\u003cbr\u003e\n1.3.4 Adding articulation to notes (example)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInterfaces for programmers\u003cbr\u003e\n2.1 LilyPond code blocks\u003cbr\u003e\n2.2 Scheme functions\u003cbr\u003e\n2.2.1 Scheme function definitions\u003cbr\u003e\n2.2.2 Scheme function usage\u003cbr\u003e\n2.2.3 Void scheme functions\u003cbr\u003e\n2.3 Music functions\u003cbr\u003e\n2.3.1 Music function definitions\u003cbr\u003e\n2.3.2 Music function usage\u003cbr\u003e\n2.3.3 Simple substitution functions\u003cbr\u003e\n2.3.4 Intermediate substitution functions\u003cbr\u003e\n2.3.5 Mathematics in functions\u003cbr\u003e\n2.3.6 Functions without arguments\u003cbr\u003e\n2.3.7 Void music functions\u003cbr\u003e\n2.4 Event functions\u003cbr\u003e\n2.5 Markup functions\u003cbr\u003e\n2.5.1 Markup construction in Scheme\u003cbr\u003e\n2.5.2 How markups work internally\u003cbr\u003e\n2.5.3 New markup command definition\u003cbr\u003e\n2.5.4 New markup list command definition\u003cbr\u003e\n2.6 Contexts for programmers\u003cbr\u003e\n2.6.1 Context evaluation\u003cbr\u003e\n2.6.2 Running a function on all layout objects\u003cbr\u003e\n2.7 Callback functions\u003cbr\u003e\n2.8 Unpure-pure containers\u003cbr\u003e\n2.9 Difficult tweaks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e" }, { "title": "Forex", "date_published": "2024-04-25T21:10:53-07:00", "date_modified": "2024-04-25T21:10:53-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/trade/forex/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/trade/forex/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eForex trading, also known as foreign exchange trading or FX trading,\ninvolves buying one currency and selling another with the goal of making\na profit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"introduction\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIntroduction \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#introduction\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarket Overview\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eforex market\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e is where currencies are traded globally.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnlike traditional stock exchanges, there is no central physical\nlocation for forex trading. Instead, it operates electronically\nover the counter (OTC).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe market is open 24 hours a day, five and a half days a week,\nspanning major financial centers across different time zones.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurrency Pairs\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCurrencies are traded against each other in pairs. For example,\n\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEUR/USD\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e represents the euro against the U.S. dollar.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTraders speculate on the exchange rate movement between these\npairs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLiquidity and Size\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eForex markets are the world\u0026rsquo;s largest and most liquid asset\nmarkets due to global trade, commerce, and finance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDaily global forex trading volume reached an astounding \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e$7.5\ntrillion\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e in 2022. [This results in almost instant liquidity\nmeaning your trades go through right away.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eParticipants and Purpose\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstitutional firms, large banks, and retail investors participate\nin forex trading.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReasons include:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHedging\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: Managing international currency and interest\nrate risk.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpeculation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: Betting on geopolitical events or currency\nmovements.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePortfolio Diversification\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: Adding forex exposure to\ninvestment portfolios.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRemember, the forex market operates continuously, and its price quotes\nchange constantly. It\u0026rsquo;s a dynamic and fascinating arena where currencies\ndance across the digital world! šŸ’±šŸŒŽ\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Conversation with Bing, 4/25/2024\u003cbr\u003e\n(1) \u003ca href=\"https://www.investopedia.com/articles/forex/11/why-trade-forex.asp\"\u003eHow Do You Start Forex Trading? A Beginnerā€™s Guide -\nInvestopedia\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n(2) \u003ca href=\"https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/forex.asp\"\u003eForex (FX): Definition, How to Trade Currencies, and\nExamples\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n(3) \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailyfx.com/education/beginner\"\u003eForex for Beginners: An Introduction to Forex Trading -\nDailyFX\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-forex-3-session-system\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.investopedia.com/articles/forex/08/3-market-system.asp\"\u003eThe Forex 3-Session System\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-forex-3-session-system\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA useful article explaining the temporal layout for forex trading.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTraders usually focus on 1 of the 3 sessions Asian, European, US.\nAlgorithms trade 24/7, but the biggest price moves tend to happen when\nhuman traders are involved - probably due to emotions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth\u003eSession\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003eMarket\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003eHours (pst)\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003ePersonality\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eAsian\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eTokyo\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e04pm - 01am\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003elower volatility\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eSydney\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e02pm - 11pm\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003erange bound\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eEuropean\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eLondon\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e12am - 09am\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eliquid, trends\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eAmerica\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eNew York\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e05am - 02pm\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ehigh volatility\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverlapping sessions can be volatile.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Crueltyfree Fashion", "date_published": "2024-02-06T09:00:30-08:00", "date_modified": "2024-02-06T09:00:30-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/products/crueltyfree-fashion/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/products/crueltyfree-fashion/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA vegan lifestyle avoids using animal-based materials in apparel such as\nfur, leather, wool, down, and silk. Using animals to get these requires\nthey be imprisoned, exploited and even killed. Fashion does not ever\nneed to inflict cruelty onto other sentient beings and many companies\nprovide alternatives to animal products.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following guide from Lulus provides information to help you to dress\nwithout cruelty ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.lulus.com/blog/fashion/vegan-cruelty-free-clothes/\"\u003eA Guide To Vegan and Cruelty Free Clothes \u0026amp;\nFashion\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Faunalytics", "date_published": "2023-12-28T20:53:54-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-12-28T20:53:54-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/faunalytics/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/faunalytics/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eFaunalytics conducts and disseminates research that is \u0026ldquo;actionable and\ninsightful\u0026rdquo; on important topics in animal protection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe mission of this very competent organization is \u0026ldquo;to empower animal\nadvocates with access to research, analysis, strategies, and messages\nthat maximize their effectiveness to reduce animal suffering\u0026rdquo;. Their\nAbout page outlines topics such as:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhat You Need To Be Effective\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHow Faunalytics Helps Animals\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey have an excellent track record since 2015 being an Animal Charity\nEvaluators \u0026lsquo;Recommended Charity\u0026rsquo;. Check out\n\u003ca href=\"https://faunalytics.org\"\u003efaunalytics.org\u003c/a\u003e to see their thorough and\ninformative site.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "VeganHacktivists", "date_published": "2023-12-28T20:42:49-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-12-28T20:42:49-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/veganhacktivists/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/veganhacktivists/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe VeganHacktivists \u0026ldquo;build data-driven, disruptive, and innovative\nprojects to help see an end to animal exploitation\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe individuals of this group outline an approach to animal protection\nusing the following 5 goals:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe need more data in our movement\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe need more competition, too\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe need to be more innovative\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe need to start collaborating\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe need more vegans to become active\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey are a skilful, dedicated organization whose talents are on display\nat the \u003ca href=\"https://veganhacktivists.org\"\u003eveganhacktivists.org\u003c/a\u003e site.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "VeganSidekick", "date_published": "2023-12-28T19:49:13-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-12-28T19:49:13-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/vegansidekick/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/vegansidekick/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis site encourages veganism with a huge database of comics and debate\nanswers. They also provide for sale books and clothing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is an excerpt from their site:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003epoorly drawn comics which accurately debunk common fallacious\njustifications for supporting animal abuse. Whether you\u0026rsquo;re buying it for\nyourself as a self-righteous vegan to cackle at whilst scheming your\nevil non-violent masterplan, or if you\u0026rsquo;re simply curious about veganism\nbut want to learn about it in an amusing way\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is an example of their many comics:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"comic1.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVeganSidekick offers free comics, a free debate guide, books, and\nclothing. You can connect with them through Facebook, Tumbler, and\nInstagram. You can also support them through patreon. Check out\n\u003ca href=\"http://vegansidekick.com/\"\u003evegansidekick.com\u003c/a\u003e now!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "BingChat", "date_published": "2023-12-09T20:41:26-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-12-09T20:41:26-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/aibots/bingchat/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/aibots/bingchat/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eBingChat will handle both simple and complex questions. It can be used\nfor research, summaries of articles, books, events, the news, sports\nresults, product comparisons, analysis, idea generation and many other\nthings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis aibot is integrated with the Bing search engine so the two systems\nwork smoothly together. When used through a \u003ca href=\"https://www.followchain.org/free-microsoft-accounts/#1\"\u003efree Microsoft\naccount\u003c/a\u003e\n(recommended), it will save your chat histories for future access.\nBingChat has been customized by Microsoft for searching as well as\ngenerating content, so it will not only display what it is searching\nfor, but will also provide links as references.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is a concise video showing some of the things BingChat can do:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/QaMQgu5REOY?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/QaMQgu5REOY?t=0s\"\u003e00:00\u003c/a\u003e šŸŒ Introduction to Bing Chat and its features\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBing Chat overview: A technology using OpenAI\u0026rsquo;s GPT-4 and Microsoft\u0026rsquo;s Prometheus.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFeatures: Conversations, image generation, text extraction from images.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccessibility: Available on any OS and browser; enhanced experience on Microsoft Edge.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/QaMQgu5REOY?t=81s\"\u003e01:21\u003c/a\u003e šŸŽ™ļø Interacting with Bing Chat in different environments\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInteraction methods: Edge browser, Edge on phone, Windows 11 co-pilot icon.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBenefits of signing in: Longer conversations, conversation history storage.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePreferred mode: Using the Edge browser and creative, balanced, or precise conversation styles.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/QaMQgu5REOY?t=189s\"\u003e03:09\u003c/a\u003e šŸ§¾ Using Bing Chat to create a grocery shopping list\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConversation initiation: Typing questions or using the microphone.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCharacter limit: Up to 4,000 characters for questions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEfficient results: Instant list of ingredients and quantities with sources.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/QaMQgu5REOY?t=271s\"\u003e04:31\u003c/a\u003e šŸ“Š Refining and analyzing search results in Bing Chat\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResult refinement: Changing the format, e.g., from a bulleted list to a table.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMulti-question context: Asking up to 30 questions per conversation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnalyzing context: Asking follow-up questions, e.g., \u0026ldquo;How do I bake them?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/QaMQgu5REOY?t=375s\"\u003e06:15\u003c/a\u003e šŸŽØ Integrating DallE 3 for creative design ideas\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eT-shirt design assistance: Using AI to generate ideas for the Kevin Cookie Company.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImage generation with DallE 3: Creating visuals based on text prompts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExploration and modification: Refining designs and prompts for desired outcomes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/QaMQgu5REOY?t=455s\"\u003e07:35\u003c/a\u003e šŸ–¼ļø Designing logos and analyzing existing images\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLogo design: AI-generated logo options with customization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImage analysis: Identifying objects, refining designs, and incorporating color preferences.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompetitor analysis: Using Bing Chat to identify and analyze images from competitors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/QaMQgu5REOY?t=572s\"\u003e09:32\u003c/a\u003e šŸŖ Extracting text and information from images\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImage text extraction: Uploading images to obtain extracted text.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecipe analysis: Extracting text and directions from an image of a recipe.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVersatility: Applying this feature for various purposes, e.g., competitor analysis.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/QaMQgu5REOY?t=653s\"\u003e10:53\u003c/a\u003e šŸ“‘ Summarizing website content with Bing Chat\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWebsite analysis: Directing Bing Chat to summarize content from a specific website.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccuracy: Producing relevant and on-point summaries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEfficiency: Quick access to conversational history and customization options.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u0026#10;" }, { "title": "ChatGPT", "date_published": "2023-12-08T20:25:29-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-12-08T20:25:29-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/aibots/chatgpt/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/aibots/chatgpt/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eChatGPT is a chatbot developed by OpenAI and launched on November 30,\n2022. Based on a large language model, it enables users to refine and\nsteer a conversation towards a desired length, format, style, level of\ndetail, and language.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChatGPT can see, hear, and speak, and it can also create images simply\nby describing them. You can try ChatGPT on the web or on your mobile\ndevice. ChatGPT is one of the most advanced and versatile chatbots in\nthe world..\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"intro\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIntro \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#intro\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is a 5 minute video demonstrating the variety of things ChatGPT can\ndo. Harpa provides the summary.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/3ao7Z8duDXc?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/3ao7Z8duDXc?t=0s\"\u003e00:00\u003c/a\u003e šŸš€ Introduction to Chat GPT\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntroduction to John, a programmer starting a company.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChallenges in assembling a team for his startup.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRyan introduces Chat GPT as a solution for John\u0026rsquo;s team-building needs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/3ao7Z8duDXc?t=41s\"\u003e00:41\u003c/a\u003e šŸ—£ļø Chat GPT Capabilities\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverview of Chat GPT as a state-of-the-art NLP model.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChat GPT\u0026rsquo;s ability to answer questions without explicit instructions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighlighting how Chat GPT can assist in sales, marketing, and programming tasks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/3ao7Z8duDXc?t=126s\"\u003e02:06\u003c/a\u003e šŸ› ļø Programming Support by Chat GPT\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChat GPT aiding in proofreading code and bug fixing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProviding sample code structures for different programming languages.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAllowing John to focus on improving core functionality rather than fixing basic code errors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/3ao7Z8duDXc?t=155s\"\u003e02:35\u003c/a\u003e šŸ“ Content Generation for Customer Support\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChat GPT\u0026rsquo;s ability to generate full-length blog posts quickly.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrafting complete customer service emails based on the situation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustomization options for content length and language complexity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/3ao7Z8duDXc?t=183s\"\u003e03:03\u003c/a\u003e āš ļø Drawbacks and Limitations\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrawbacks of Chat GPT, including limitations on data up to 2021.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChallenges with understanding context and providing accurate responses.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiscussion on the belief that Chat GPT may one day replace Google search.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/3ao7Z8duDXc?t=222s\"\u003e03:42\u003c/a\u003e ā“ Quiz and Future Potential\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuiz question about tasks Chat GPT cannot perform.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen AI\u0026rsquo;s vision for Chat GPT as a future AI tool.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe promise of Chat GPT in automating tasks and serving as a digital assistant.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/3ao7Z8duDXc?t=263s\"\u003e04:23\u003c/a\u003e šŸŒ Future Impact of Chat GPT\u003c/p\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChat GPT\u0026rsquo;s potential to revolutionize organizations and divisions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen AI\u0026rsquo;s goal of solving present problems with future tools.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe expected boost in productivity across various sectors with Chat GPT.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "Harpa", "date_published": "2023-11-09T14:12:04-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-11-09T14:12:04-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/aibots/harpa/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/aibots/harpa/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHarpa is a \u003cstrong\u003eGoogle Chrome extension\u003c/strong\u003e that provides a range of features\nto automate web tasks with page-aware commands and web monitoring. Its\nhybrid AI-engine combines GPT (ChatGPT, Bard, ClaudeAI) with Web\nAutomation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of the features include summarizing and replying to emails,\nrewriting, rephrasing, correcting and expanding text, reading articles,\ntranslating and scanning web pages for data, and more. HARPA AI can also\nextract key takeaways from hours-long videos with a click of a button,\nand save time watching. It can mimic your writing style while crafting\nemails, tweets replies, LinkedIn cover letters, and SEO-optimized\narticles of unlimited length. HARPA AI can also perform SEO audit,\nextract SEO keywords, compile keyword reports, segment your audience,\ncreate content calendars, outrank articles, and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"intro\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIntro \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#intro\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a quick overview of capabilities, watch their informative video and\nread the summary harpa produces:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/RrpTd6Nu4Is?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RrpTd6Nu4Is\u0026amp;t=0s\"\u003e00:00\u003c/a\u003e šŸŒ Web Browsing Enhancement\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHARPA AI combines Automation and ChatGPT for enhanced web browsing.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI-generated answers are provided alongside Google search results.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCustomizable responses and quick access commands improve productivity.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RrpTd6Nu4Is\u0026amp;t=71s\"\u003e01:11\u003c/a\u003e šŸ“„ PDF Interaction\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHARPA AI extracts information from online PDF documents.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSummarizes long PDFs into bullet-point lists for quick understanding.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffers efficient handling of PDF content through user queries.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RrpTd6Nu4Is\u0026amp;t=98s\"\u003e01:38\u003c/a\u003e āœļø Writing Assistance\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHARPA AI acts as a proficient writer, translator, and reply assistant.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProvides quick access commands for text manipulation and improvement.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCapabilities include composing text, crafting articles, and keyword extraction.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RrpTd6Nu4Is\u0026amp;t=168s\"\u003e02:48\u003c/a\u003e āš™ļø Automation and Custom Commands\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHARPA AI supports over 100 pre-configured commands for various tasks.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsers can create custom reusable commands for automating repetitive tasks.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmart automation commands accommodate multiple inputs and streamline workflows.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RrpTd6Nu4Is\u0026amp;t=209s\"\u003e03:29\u003c/a\u003e šŸ”„ LinkedIn Integration\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHARPA AI offers LinkedIn-specific commands for job-related tasks.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJob eligibility checking, CV analysis, and editing are included features.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnables users to automate and optimize LinkedIn-related processes.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u0026#10;\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RrpTd6Nu4Is\u0026amp;t=281s\"\u003e04:41\u003c/a\u003e šŸ›”ļø Privacy and Web Monitoring\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHARPA AI provides privacy-centered web monitoring capabilities.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMonitors prices, product availability, appointments, and more on web pages.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAllows customization of monitoring schedules, triggers, and actions.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u0026#10;" }, { "title": "Sidney Island Deer", "date_published": "2023-08-21T22:36:50-07:00", "date_modified": "2023-08-21T22:36:50-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/sidney-island-deer/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/sidney-island-deer/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eIn 2023 Parks Canada decided to slaughter all deer on Sidney Island\nBritish Columbia. This page provides information, resources, and updates\non what is an unethical process on many levels. Sign the petition to\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.change.org/p/save-the-sidney-island-deer\"\u003eSave the Sidney Island\ndeer\u003c/a\u003e. The page is\nstill in construction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"letter-to-stephanie-coulson-parks-canada-request-for-public-input\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLetter to Stephanie Coulson, Parks Canada (request for public input) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#letter-to-stephanie-coulson-parks-canada-request-for-public-input\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHi Stephanie!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGood stuff on the \u0026ldquo;Role of education, curiosity, and exploration in\nconservation\u0026rdquo; article for Raincoast. I read it with some interest having\nbeen an educator myself and helped to start Students Towards Environment\nProtection (some decades ago in our school). I found your \u0026lsquo;culture of\nconservation\u0026rsquo; a rather intriguing concept!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy compliments on the thoroughness of the SIERP DIA - both scope and\ndetail. Coastal Conservation has certainly created a detailed paper. It\nis good to see such a strong emphasis on mitigation and I\u0026rsquo;m sure that\nelement will make many people feel good.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, the credibility of the enterprise raises eyebrows considering\nthat Coastal Conservation\u0026rsquo;s Head, Gregg Howald, is also the chair of\nSIERP. Why would Park\u0026rsquo;s Canada de-legitimize its own credibility by\ncahooting such an arrangement, especially since it was internally\nadvised of this blatant conflict of interest:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;If CC gains financially or otherwise in some way from an approved\neradication going forward, then [the Chair] should not be running the\nshow ā€“ itā€™s a conflict of interest.\u0026rdquo; (FOI p306). I\u0026rsquo;m sure you are aware\nof the \u003ca href=\"https://sidmsociety.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/A-2021-00022-release-package-OPT.pdf\"\u003enotorious\nFOI\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeyond this guffaw, emerges the following issues:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1-exactly-how-is-shooting-deer-by-the-methods-detailed-in-sierp-considered-humane\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1. Exactly how is shooting deer by the methods detailed in SIERP considered humane? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1-exactly-how-is-shooting-deer-by-the-methods-detailed-in-sierp-considered-humane\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt isn\u0026rsquo;t humane and here\u0026rsquo;s why:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHelicopters and hunting dogs cause potential victims severe stress and\nfear!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrained marksmen miss! In fact, often attempts at being humane require\nbacktracking to shoot fallen/wounded deer multiple times.)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutright violation of animal welfare! Specifically #10 of Wildlife\nand Rodent Control Standards \u0026ldquo;Lethal Methods are only be used when an\nanimalā€™s presence is an ongoing threat to human health and safety\u0026rdquo;\n(FOI p389)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou wouldn\u0026rsquo;t do this to your dog or cat! Euthanasia may be humane, but\nthis sort of slaughter just isn\u0026rsquo;t.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"2-was-sterilization-even-considered-seriously-as-an-alternative\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2. Was sterilization even considered seriously as an alternative? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#2-was-sterilization-even-considered-seriously-as-an-alternative\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt seems as though due diligence has not been done in this area. The\nreadily accessible information shows that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is humane! We keep dog and cat populations under control this way.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is cost effective in the longer term! Even if full eradication\ntakes place, there is no guarantee of remaining deer-free and \u0026ldquo;Over\ntime, the cumulative costs of sharpshooting outweigh the costs of\nsurgical sterilization ā€¦\u0026rdquo; (\u003ca href=\"https://www.hilltopconservancy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Deer_control-methods-cost-comparison-v10.pdf\"\u003eDeer Population Control Methods ā€“ Cost \u0026amp;\nEffectiveness\nComparison\u003c/a\u003e,\nTrapp)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt has been successful! There is evidence of effectiveness such as\nthis\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/sterilization-answer-too-many-urban-deer\"\u003earticle\u003c/a\u003e\nabout White Buffalo Inc DeNicola\u0026rsquo;s activities which points out\n\u0026ldquo;Sterilization was controversial in San Jose because it worked ā€¦ Some\nresidents freaked out, worrying theyā€™d lost too many deer\u0026rdquo;, as does\n(DeNicola\u0026rsquo;s) more academic, \u003ca href=\"http://canuck.dnr.cornell.edu/research/pubs/pdf/sterile-review.pdf\"\u003eSterilization as an alternative deer\ncontrol technique: a\nreview\u003c/a\u003e\n\u0026ldquo;In an increasing number of communities, however, lethal management\nstrategies are rejected ā€¦ Surgical sterilization is scale-limited\nbased on the ability to capture and sterilize 80% or more of the\nfemale deer ā€¦\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"3-what-about-gonazonaspayva\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3. What about GonaZonaSpayva? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#3-what-about-gonazonaspayva\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFertility control drugs have been used successfully for many years, so\nthere is historical evidence demonstrating effectiveness:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.wildlifefertilitycontrol.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/GONACON.pdf\"\u003eGonacon\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"https://blog.humanesociety.org/2017/07/epa-gives-thumbs-vaccine-manage-deer-populations-humanely.html#:~:text=Similar%20to%20the%20Zonastat-H%20vaccine%2C%20whose%20use%20in,bind%20to%20the%20protein%20envelope%20surrounding%20the%20egg.\"\u003eZonastat-D\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"https://spayvac.com/about-spayvac\"\u003eSpayvac pZP\u003c/a\u003e do work (despite the\nnaysayers\u0026rsquo; chanting)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFertility control can be, however, the most expensive route as per\nCost \u0026amp; Effectiveness link above\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe usual whine about these being 70% or so effective is flawed:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eit isn\u0026rsquo;t correct, since some studies demonstrated 100% (eg \u003ca href=\"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3802946?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\"\u003eFraker\net\nal\u003c/a\u003e\nand more recently\n\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifefertilitycontrol.org/webinar-11-blacktail-deer/\"\u003eBotstiber\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eit doesn\u0026rsquo;t matter, because you don\u0026rsquo;t need 100% efficacy to get the\nrestoration job done (everyone knows this including the Chair of\nSIERP \u0026ldquo;the numbers of deer on the Island have been reduced\ndramatically and the impacts of fallow deer are not really obvious\nā€¦\u0026rdquo; FOI p219 item h)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethat the number of deer is indeed low is also confirmed by the Gulf\nIslands National Park Reserve Superintendent, Kate Humble: \u0026ldquo;ā€¦ said\nwhile the number of fallow deer is currently relatively low\u0026rdquo;\n(\u003ca href=\"https://www.alaskahighwaynews.ca/bc-news/restoration-of-sidney-island-ecosystem-not-feasible-without-full-eradication-of-invasive-deer-parks-canada-says-7430876\"\u003eAlaskaHighway\nNews\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"4-are-fallow-deer-really-an-invasive-species\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e4. Are Fallow deer really an invasive species? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#4-are-fallow-deer-really-an-invasive-species\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot anymore. They were brought to James Island in 1902 and got to Sidney\nIsland by 1960, so they\u0026rsquo;ve been here a while. They no more an invasive\nspecies than Europeans or Asians are now to Canada. We should take into\naccount that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe ecosystem has adapted to accommodate them on Sidney Island for 60+\nyrs. As a Parks Canada ecological specialist\n\u003ca href=\"https://sidmsociety.com\"\u003ewrites\u003c/a\u003e (Ethics section of Freedom of\nInformation Request): \u0026ldquo;ā€¦ we could consider them naturalized and work\nto maintain the species ā€¦\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esuddenly removing them, may not go well, despite all those the\nmitigation measures that appear so voluminously in SIERP\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ekilling them all off in one place also doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean that they won\u0026rsquo;t\ncome back from another. Even though SIERP claims that accounts of\nfallow deer swimming between Southern Gulf Islands in the 1930s is\nunsubstantiated ā€¦ did they take the ferry then? ā€¦ but this \u003ca href=\"https://www.timescolonist.com/local-news/fallow-deer-eating-their-way-across-gulf-islands-4575346\"\u003e2013 Times\nColonist\narticle\u003c/a\u003e\nby Judith Lavoie certainly indicate that they are fine swimmers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"5-why-can-the-deer-population-not-be-reduced-through-non-lethal-means-over-a-period-of-time\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5. Why can the deer population not be reduced through non-lethal means over a period of time? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#5-why-can-the-deer-population-not-be-reduced-through-non-lethal-means-over-a-period-of-time\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell it can, but certain factions for yet-to-be determined reasons don\u0026rsquo;t\nwant to do it that way. Some of these objections are:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe current population continues to have a \u003ca href=\"https://www.timescolonist.com/local-news/conflict-of-interest-concern-raised-for-sidney-island-deer-cull-contract-7366573\"\u003enegative impact on the\necosystem\u003c/a\u003e\nEXCEPT it\u0026rsquo;s unclear how that can be when the population is so low as\nper above indications by Howald and Humble\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003erelocation would \u003ca href=\"https://www.peninsulanewsreview.com/local-news/plan-to-eradicate-fallow-deer-population-on-sidney-island-faces-backlash-1666552\"\u003etransfer the problem\nelsewhere\u003c/a\u003e\nEXCEPT it is unclear whether the \u0026rsquo;elsewhere\u0026rsquo; would necessarily see\nthese deer as a problem\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003econtraceptives wouldnā€™t achieve Parks Canadaā€™s goal in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.peninsulanewsreview.com/local-news/plan-to-eradicate-fallow-deer-population-on-sidney-island-faces-backlash-1666552\"\u003etimely\nway\u003c/a\u003e\nEXCEPT one has no idea what that is actually supposed to mean or why\nit should be so\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003econsidered sterilization and contraceptives, but these techniques do\nnot allow for the removal of the population, \u003ca href=\"https://www.peninsulanewsreview.com/local-news/plan-to-eradicate-fallow-deer-population-on-sidney-island-faces-backlash-1666552\"\u003ewhich is the\nobjective\u003c/a\u003e\nEXCEPT we have been led to believe that the objective was, in Humble\u0026rsquo;s\nown words there, \u0026ldquo;focus of this work is the restoration of a healthy\necosystem\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"6-guffaws-galore\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6. Guffaws Galore! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#6-guffaws-galore\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe above 5 points illustrate what seems to be a considerable disregard\nfor science and ethics, but the behaviors highlighted by the FOI and\nvarious comments by \u0026lsquo;interested\u0026rsquo; parties, make matters worse:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC\u0026rsquo;s Emily Gonzales, Ecological Scientist asks about evidence for the\nSIERP claim that the deer population is \u0026ldquo;4 times greater than a\nhealthy ecosystem can support\u0026rdquo; and goes on to say \u0026ldquo;I realize it would\nbe nice to be able to make statements like this and you will be\npressured by your managers ā€¦ That doing so is something you\u0026rsquo;ll regret\nbecause they aren\u0026rsquo;t defensible values and don\u0026rsquo;t even make ecological\nsense ā€¦\u0026rdquo; (FOI p537). Later she adds about another statement, \u0026ldquo;I\nprovide advice/feedback and some key problematic issues (IMO) keep\nshowing up ā€¦ my head and the wall are hurting.\u0026quot;(FOI p538). [A painful\nhead is quite understandable at this point.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePC\u0026rsquo;s Michael Janssen, Forest Ecosystem Restoration Manager, on\nconsideration of alternatives was met with this curious response (FOI\np445) from Howald \u0026ldquo;If the purpose and need of the project is to\neradication fallow deer to facilitate natural restoration ā€¦ then you\ncan narrow your alternatives dramatically ā€¦ This way people see you\nconsidered them, but dismissed them because they don\u0026rsquo;t meet the P/N.\u0026rdquo;\n[So why is this starting to feel like a Machiavellian con-job?]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinuing on from the \u0026lsquo;impacts of fallow deer are not really obvious\u0026rsquo;\nwe have from Howald\u0026rsquo;s notes (FOI p219): \u0026ldquo;it is unlikely that the\nBENEFIT of the eradication efforts will be clear on implementation. We\nneed to consider how to bring out the BENEFIT side ā€¦ One way we could\ndo that is a mix of citizen science, or very targetted restoration\npotential ā€¦ May be it is using peoples vegetable gardens or flower\nbeds ā€¦\u0026rdquo; [A lemon car sales pitch?]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnd we gotta keep it going \u003ca href=\"https://sidmsociety.com\"\u003eforever and ever\u003c/a\u003e\n(see Biosecurity section in Freedom of Information Request): The CC\nProposal advises: ā€œIt is important the biosecurity plan be maintained\nas needed in perpetuity because the long-term benefit of fallow deer\nremoval to the biodiversity of Sidney Island will depend on continued\nproject support from Parks Canada, Sallas, and the public to maintain\na deer free islandā€. (page 139) [It\u0026rsquo;ll never end because\nbio-insecurity can be made eternal.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpeaking of cars, let\u0026rsquo;s look at \u003ca href=\"https://sidmsociety.com/\"\u003einsurance\u003c/a\u003e\n\u0026ldquo;The key to this is that we are not taking on the liability, we are\ntransferring liability to those who have insurance.\u0026rdquo; ā€¦ \u0026ldquo;private\nlandowners must rely on the insurance of the hunters rather than\nCoastal Conservation or any indemnity from Canada. This would be\ndescribed in an ā€œaccess agreementā€ with owners.\u0026rdquo;. [So this sounds\nlike a way to force all landowners to comply? You\u0026rsquo;re with us or\noutaluck!]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhat about the number of deer? From Parks Canada we get the\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.cheknews.ca/mass-killing-of-fallow-deer-on-sidney-island-will-go-ahead-1163074/\"\u003eextraordinarily\nbizarre\u003c/a\u003e\n\u0026ldquo;Parks Canada says the current fallow deer population is unknown but\nestimates between 300 and 900.\u0026rdquo; [Is this for real? Unknown or\n300-900?! Did Parks Canada do the computations for \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/russia-luna-25-failure-1.6941827\"\u003eRussia\u0026rsquo;s\nLuna-25\u003c/a\u003e?]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhat about the landowners? 50 yea, 46 nay, 3 abstained, 11 absent\nwhich means 46+3+11=60 (\u003ca href=\"https://sidmsociety.com\"\u003e54.5%\u003c/a\u003e) DID NOT say\nyea. That\u0026rsquo;s not even close to the 75% approval required by law. [So\nif the residents\u0026rsquo; rights are upheld, there can be no slaughter, right?\nā€¦ Unless an exception is suddenly made to push through whatever\nagenda.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo confuse the waters, we have Sidney Island resident, Michael Parfit\n(of Saving Luna fame), \u003ca href=\"https://www.timescolonist.com/opinion/comment-sidney-island-resident-explains-deer-cull-complexity-7378042\"\u003esupporting the\nslaughter\u003c/a\u003e\nwith sweeping statements like \u0026ldquo;Sidney Island can become an example of\nhealthy ecosystems that can exist in British Columbia but have almost\nall vanished. It could show us what our province once was and could be\nagain.\u0026rdquo; which seems to pre-suppose that slaughter is the only route\nand that everything is the deers\u0026rsquo; fault. He belittles the obvious\nconflict of interest issue with the peculiar argument that we need\n\u0026ldquo;best talent for both planning and execution\u0026rdquo; which seems to miss the\npoint of conflict of interest and its ramifications. He notes the\nirony that \u0026ldquo;though a majority of owners voted for the cull [they\ndid??!!] , the most intense hunters are allying themselves in\nopposition with activists who care about keeping animals alive.\nIronic? Yeah.\u0026rdquo; [Well yeah, Michael! When you have 2 diametrically\nopposing groups allying against you, we can be assured you are doing\nsomething really wrong! After all, it took something really wrong in\nUkraine to bring together the Republicans and Democrats!]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnd what about this \u003ca href=\"https://www.timescolonist.com/local-news/parks-canada-seeks-public-input-on-59-million-sidney-island-deer-cull-7350492\"\u003eseeking public\ninput\u003c/a\u003e?\nAccording to Kate Humble: \u0026ldquo;the goal of asking for public feedback is\nnot to determine whether the cull goes ahead but to get input on\nreducing negative impacts.\u0026rdquo; [Gee thx a lot Kate! The public can\ninput, but who cares!]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"conclusions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConclusions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#conclusions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo based on my research above, I come to these conclusions about this\ninitiative:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eit is hugely expensive and a burden on taxpayers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eit is unquestionably inhumane\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eit is backed by insufficient/incorrect attempts at\nbiological/ecological science\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eit stinks of deception, arrogance, and high-handedness (similar to the\ntoxic soil fiasco in Shenanigan Lake some years ago)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eit has the inappropriate goal of eradication rather than restoration\n(despite pretenses)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eit should spend the 6 million on a good PR company instead of\neradicators\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOh then there\u0026rsquo;s those conflict of interest fumes which pervade who knows\nwhere. Possibly we should rename Parks Canada to Perks Canada!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnyway, thank you Stephanie for receiving my input on the matter and\nbest wishes on your endeavors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn friendship,\u003cbr\u003e\nPrad Basu\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"resource-summaries-and-sites\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eResource summaries and sites \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#resource-summaries-and-sites\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow listed in alphabetical order are links and summaries of webpages\nand sites relating to various aspects of the deer and general\nconservation issues. The resources are encompass areas such as animal\nwelfare, conservation, management, and restoration. Many of the items\nhave been referenced in the letter to Parks Canada.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(The summaries were mostly done by harpa.ai though one item Eradication\nand Restoration Options On Sidney Island has summaries produced by\nharpa, bing, and perplexity.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"animal-alliance-of-canada-opposed-to-parks-canada-sidney-island-deer-eradication-plan\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://financialpost.com/globe-newswire/animal-alliance-of-canada-opposed-to-parks-canada-sidney-island-deer-eradication-plan\"\u003eAnimal Alliance of Canada Opposed to Parks Canada Sidney Island Deer Eradication Plan\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#animal-alliance-of-canada-opposed-to-parks-canada-sidney-island-deer-eradication-plan\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The Animal Alliance of Canada opposes Parks Canada\u0026rsquo;s\nplan to eradicate fallow deer on Sidney Island using aerial gunning and\ndog harassment, considering it unjustified, inhumane, and expensive.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada plans to eradicate fallow deer on Sidney Island through\naerial gunning and dog harassment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSidney Island is part of Gulf Islands National Park and has around 100\nlots overseen by a strata corporation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFallow deer were introduced to the island in 1908 for hunting, leading\nto a population growth to 3000 deer by the early 2000s.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAbout 2000 deer were killed in the 2000s, and current estimates\nsuggest the population is around 300.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA UBC report from five years ago indicated a 30% improvement to the\necosystem since the peak population.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAAC West Coast Campaign Director Jordan Reichert questions Parks\nCanada\u0026rsquo;s claim that the ecosystem isn\u0026rsquo;t regenerating and the current\ndeer population isn\u0026rsquo;t sustainable.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada aims to spend $5.9 million on the eradication program,\nsimilar to a past $6 million effort in Haida Gwaii.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJordan Reichert criticizes the program as unethical, unjustified, and\nexcessively expensive.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Sidney Island Deer Management Society opposes the eradication\nprogram and questions its justification and contract award process.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Animal Alliance of Canada aims to hold Parks Canada and other\nstakeholders accountable for their actions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"animal-welfare-outcomes-of-helicopter-based-shooting-of-deer-in-australia\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357272575_Animal_welfare_outcomes_of_helicopter-based_shooting_of_deer_in_Australia\"\u003eAnimal welfare outcomes of helicopter-based shooting of deer in Australia\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#animal-welfare-outcomes-of-helicopter-based-shooting-of-deer-in-australia\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The study evaluates the animal welfare outcomes of\nhelicopter-based deer shooting in Australia, highlighting the importance\nof using multiple shots in the head or thorax for better welfare\nresults.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHelicopter-based shooting is commonly used for deer control in\nAustralasia.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe study assesses the animal welfare outcomes of this method in\nAustralia.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt examines the fates of observed deer, procedure durations, and\nbullet wound details.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShots were fired at 69-76% of observed deer, with variable chase times\n(73-145 seconds) and time to insensibility (17-37 seconds).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOn average, deer had 1.43-2.57 bullet wounds per animal.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnimal welfare outcomes were better for fallow deer operations\ncompared to chital deer operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShooting procedures with multiple shots into the head or thorax\nyielded improved animal welfare outcomes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe study suggests the need for a national-level standard operating\nprocedure to enhance animal welfare in helicopter-based deer shooting\noperations in Australia.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"anthropomorphism-favors-coexistence-not-deadly-domination\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/animal-emotions/201912/anthropomorphism-favors-coexistence-not-deadly-domination\"\u003eAnthropomorphism Favors Coexistence, Not Deadly Domination\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#anthropomorphism-favors-coexistence-not-deadly-domination\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The research indicates that anthropomorphism,\nattributing human traits and emotions to nonhuman entities, challenges\ntraditional wildlife management approaches and promotes coexistence over\ndomination in human-animal relationships. [Mark Bekoff in Psychology\nToday]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnthropomorphism involves attributing human traits, emotions, or\nintentions to nonhuman entities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTraditional wildlife management is rooted in a domination ideology,\nbut anthropomorphism challenges this perspective.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnthropomorphism helps understand the behavior, emotions, and\ncognitive lives of nonhuman animals from their perspective.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrowing research supports accurate interpretations of nonhuman\nthoughts and feelings, debunking the notion of animals merely acting\n\u0026ldquo;as if.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe use of human languages in discussing animal cognition and\nemotions, when done critically and biocentrically, respects animals\u0026rsquo;\nviewpoints.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnthropomorphism\u0026rsquo;s acceptance varies geographically, with people in\nHawaii being more anthropomorphic than those in South Dakota.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnthropomorphism is linked to favoring mutualism and coexistence\nrather than domination in human-wildlife interactions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA shift in people\u0026rsquo;s values regarding nature and wildlife management\nhas occurred due to increasing acceptance of anthropomorphism.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnthropomorphism stimulates value shifts and challenges traditional\nwildlife management approaches, emphasizing individual animal\nconsideration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompassionate conservation emphasizes that each individual\u0026rsquo;s life\nmatters, regardless of their utility to humans.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnthropomorphism has the potential to aid conservation efforts by\npromoting empathy and considerate practices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnthropomorphism, when properly applied, can support the conservation\nof a broad array of nonhuman species.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe field of cognitive ethology, studying animal minds, has much\nresearch potential, revealing animals\u0026rsquo; rich and deep emotions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnderstanding and appreciating animals as individuals can aid\nconservation efforts for the benefit of current and future\ngenerations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInappropriate anthropomorphism can be mitigated through detailed\nstudies of animal minds and emotions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnthropomorphism reflects an accurate way of knowing animal emotions\nand is supported by scientific research.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Anthropocene necessitates recognizing animals\u0026rsquo; emotions and using\nknowledge for ethical decisions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnimals\u0026rsquo; emotions are gifts shared with humans, and recognizing this\naids ethical decisions for their well-being.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnthropomorphism promotes empathy, coexistence, and understanding in\nhuman-animal relationships.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Note: The above summary is based on the content provided and aims to\ncapture the key points and ideas presented in the web page.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"assessment-of-humaneness-using-gunshot-targeting-the-brain-and-cervical-spine-for-cervid-depopulation-under-field-conditions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6395039/\"\u003eAssessment of humaneness using gunshot targeting the brain and cervical spine for cervid depopulation under field conditions\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#assessment-of-humaneness-using-gunshot-targeting-the-brain-and-cervical-spine-for-cervid-depopulation-under-field-conditions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The study assessed the humaneness of using gunshot\ntargeting the brain and cervical spine for cervid (deer) depopulation\nunder field conditions. The results demonstrate that targeting the brain\nor upper cervical spine effectively achieves euthanasia standards, while\nlower cervical spine shot placement is not as humane.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary The study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and humaneness of\ngunshot placement on Philippine deer during depopulation activities for\nmeeting AVMA standards of euthanasia under field conditions. Here are\nthe key findings and aspects of the study:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eObjective\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: The study aimed to assess the humaneness of gunshot\nplacements for cervid depopulation under field conditions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethod\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: Firearms, specifically a suppressed .223 caliber\nrifle, were used for euthanizing deer from distances of 10ā€“125 m. Shot\nplacements were targeted at the brain and upper cervical spine (C1ā€”C3)\nfor immediate incapacitation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeer shot in the brain or upper cervical spine (C1ā€”C3) died\ninstantly due to the destruction of brain or spinal tissue.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShot placements were accurate, with deviations within 1.9 cm from\nthe point of aim (POA).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTargeting of the lower cervical vertebrae (C4ā€”C7) was accurate but\ndid not result in immediate insensibility, indicating that it\u0026rsquo;s not\na humane option.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhysiological Responses\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeer shot in the brain or upper cervical spine showed immediate\ncessation of heart rate, respiration, ocular reflexes, and\npost-mortem spasms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSecondary Objective\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe study aimed to determine if upper cervical spine shot placement\ncould result in euthanasia.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpper cervical spine shot placement (C1ā€”C3) showed accuracy and\nimmediate insensibility, making it an alternative target site when\nbrain targeting is not optimal.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower cervical spine shot placement (C4ā€”C7) was accurate but did not\nresult in immediate insensibility, suggesting it\u0026rsquo;s not a humane\nchoice.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSignificance\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe study provides evidence-based research on acceptable euthanasia\nmethods using firearms for wildlife management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt highlights the importance of achieving humane death even when\npractical limitations exist.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe findings emphasize the importance of targeting the brain or\nupper cervical vertebrae for deer depopulation under field\nconditions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe research contributes to improving wildlife professionals\u0026rsquo; firearm\npractices and supports the interests of animal welfare, wildlife\nprofessionals, and the public in achieving humane depopulation while\naccomplishing management objectives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"at-10k-per-deer-critics-question-cost-of-sidney-island-eradication-plan\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://globalnews.ca/news/10185169/sidney-island-deer-cull-cost/\"\u003eAt $10K per deer, critics question cost of Sidney Island eradication plan\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#at-10k-per-deer-critics-question-cost-of-sidney-island-eradication-plan\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The cost of the Sidney Island eradication plan for\nEuropean fallow deer, priced at $10,000 per deer, has raised concerns\nand criticism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEradication Plan Overview\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada is executing a plan to eliminate the European fallow\ndeer population on Sidney Island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe eradication plan is conducted in phases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhase Completion\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe first phase of the eradication plan has been concluded this\nmonth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCriticism on Cost\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCritics express concern over the high cost associated with the plan.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe price tag for eliminating each deer is $10,000.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublic Opinion\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article doesn\u0026rsquo;t provide a clear perspective on public opinion.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt would be valuable to understand how the local community feels\nabout the eradication plan and its costs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eParks Canada\u0026rsquo;s Perspective\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe report doesn\u0026rsquo;t elaborate on Parks Canada\u0026rsquo;s justification for the\nhigh cost.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncluding this perspective could provide a more balanced view of the\nsituation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnvironmental Impact\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article doesn\u0026rsquo;t discuss the potential environmental impact of\nthe deer population and its eradication.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnderstanding the ecological rationale behind the plan would enhance\nthe report.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFuture Phases\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDetails about the subsequent phases of the eradication plan are not\nprovided.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA comprehensive summary should include information about the entire\nplan for context.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article highlights concerns about the cost of the Sidney Island\ndeer eradication plan.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA more thorough analysis, including different perspectives and\npotential ecological benefits, is needed for a comprehensive\nunderstanding.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"a-systematic-review-of-ground-based-shooting-to-control-overabundant-mammal-populations\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/A-systematic-review-of-ground-based-shooting-to-Bengsen-Forsyth/f94ec1a97d4579250519ab172f0fa018bac5b62e\"\u003eA systematic review of ground-based shooting to control overabundant mammal populations\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#a-systematic-review-of-ground-based-shooting-to-control-overabundant-mammal-populations\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Ground-based shooting can be an effective tool for\nmanaging overabundant wildlife populations, but careful planning, clear\nobjectives, and adequate resources are essential for success.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eContext\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: The web page discusses the use of ground-based\nshooting as a method to manage invasive or overabundant wildlife\npopulations. It highlights that while this method is widely used, its\neffectiveness varies, and a systematic examination of its efficiency\nis lacking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAims\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe review aimed to assess the efficacy of ground-based shooting as\na population management tool.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt sought to identify commonalities among studies to help managers\ndetermine situations where ground-shooting is most likely to be\neffective.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Results\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMost studies lacked clear quantifiable objectives for their shooting\noperations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e60% of the 64 case studies resulted in a detectable reduction\ninpopulation density or damage.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe most common type of operation used unpaid or commercial\nharvest-oriented shooters to reduce herbivore density or damage.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnly 30% of operations that used volunteer shooters or recreational\nhunters achieved their objectives.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget taxa, geographic area, or integration of shooting with other\npopulation-control methods had no significant effect on the\neffectiveness of shooting operations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommon factors hindering effectiveness included immigration of\ntarget species from adjacent areas, decreasing effort from shooters\nas the target population declined, and selective harvesting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGround-based shooting can be effective but is not guaranteed to\nreduce animal abundance or damage.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFailures were often due to an inability to remove a sufficient\nproportion of the population to cause a decline.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManagers contemplating ground-based shooting should carefully\nconsider its suitability for their goals, establish clear\nobjectives, and ensure sufficient resources.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImplications\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManagers should:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEvaluate whether ground-based shooting aligns with their\nobjectives.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDefine clear objectives and allow for continuous improvement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnsure adequate resources for achieving and maintaining\nobjectives.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis report provides valuable insights for wildlife managers considering\nground-based shooting as a wildlife population management strategy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"bc-spca\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.msn.com/en-ca/news/canada/bc-spca-not-opposed-to-mass-deer-kill-on-sidney-island/ar-AA1kqwL1\"\u003eB.C. SPCA \u0026rsquo;not opposed\u0026rsquo; to mass deer kill on Sidney Island\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#bc-spca\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The B.C. SPCA supports a planned mass deer kill on\nSidney Island, aiming to end the ineffective seasonal hunting cycle that\nhas persisted for decades.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eB.C. SPCA expresses support for a mass deer kill on Sidney Island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe organization aims to break the ineffective cycle of seasonal\nhunting that has been ongoing for many decades.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInvolvement and Consultation:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eB.C. SPCA has been consulted by Parks Canada since 2017 during the\nplanning stages of the deer eradication plan.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe animal welfare agency is actively engaged and will have\npersonnel on the ground when the deer hunt commences on Dec. 1.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReasoning:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe key rationale behind supporting the mass deer kill is to halt\nthe historical pattern of ineffective and seasonal hunting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eB.C. SPCA sees this approach as a more decisive and humane solution\ncompared to the past decades\u0026rsquo; hunting practices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCollaboration with Parks Canada:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe collaboration between B.C. SPCA and Parks Canada highlights a\ncooperative effort to address wildlife management issues.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis collaboration spans several years, indicating a thorough and\nconsidered planning process.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePreventing Ineffective Killing Cycle:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe main goal of the mass deer kill is to put an end to what B.C.\nSPCA perceives as an \u0026ldquo;ineffective killing cycle\u0026rdquo; associated with\nseasonal hunting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBy supporting this approach, the organization seeks a more\nsustainable and impactful solution to manage the deer population.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTiming and Execution:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe deer eradication plan is scheduled to begin on December 1.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eB.C. SPCA\u0026rsquo;s active involvement during the hunt underscores its\ncommitment to ensuring the process aligns with ethical and humane\nstandards.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOverall Implication:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe stance of B.C. SPCA indicates a shift towards more strategic and\ncomprehensive wildlife management practices, moving away from\ntraditional seasonal hunting approaches.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe collaboration with Parks Canada suggests a multi-stakeholder\neffort to address ecological challenges while considering animal\nwelfare.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"black-tailed-deer-in-the-city-a-scientific-approach-to-population-control-using-immunocontraception\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wildlifefertilitycontrol.org/webinar-11-blacktail-deer/\"\u003eBlack-Tailed Deer In The City: A Scientific Approach To Population Control Using Immunocontraception\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#black-tailed-deer-in-the-city-a-scientific-approach-to-population-control-using-immunocontraception\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[00:04](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=4s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=4s\u003c/a\u003e) Monique Principe\nintroduces the webinar on Black-Tailed Deer population control.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[01:04](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=64s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=64s\u003c/a\u003e) Dr. Jason Fisher and\nDr. Adam Herring present on Black-Tailed Deer population control and\ntheir backgrounds.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[03:06](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=186s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=186s\u003c/a\u003e) Presentation focuses\non Oak Bay, a densely populated urban area with growing deer conflict.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[05:09](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=309s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=309s\u003c/a\u003e) Urban Wildlife\nStewardship Society proposes evidence-based immunocontraception\nprogram for deer management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[09:28](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=568s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=568s\u003c/a\u003e) Density estimation\nusing camera traps; public engagement crucial in obtaining\npermissions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[10:55](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=655s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=655s\u003c/a\u003e) Array of 39 camera\ntraps strategically placed across Oak Bay for monitoring deer\npopulation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[12:06](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=726s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=726s\u003c/a\u003e) GPS collars track\ndeer\u0026rsquo;s spatial use; vital data for accurate density estimation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[13:31](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=811s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=811s\u003c/a\u003e) Darting deer for\nimmobilization and vaccination; strong public outreach to ease\nconcerns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[15:07](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=907s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=907s\u003c/a\u003e) Immunocontraception\nprocess, including anesthesia, vaccinations, and boosters.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[17:10](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=1030s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=1030s\u003c/a\u003e) Community volunteers\nassist with fieldwork; unique learning opportunity and community\nengagement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[18:06](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=1086s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=1086s\u003c/a\u003e) Deer management\ninvolves careful darting, ethical handling, and minimizing risks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[19:18](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=1158s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=1158s\u003c/a\u003e) Health monitoring\nsamples collected for archival purposes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[21:30](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=1290s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=1290s\u003c/a\u003e) Timeline of project\nphases: population estimation, immunocontraception, data analysis.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[23:05](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=1385s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=1385s\u003c/a\u003e) Urban environment\ninfluences deer population dynamics; small home ranges and\nhyper-concentration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[24:43](\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=1483s\"\u003ehttps://youtu.be/VyEudCmFdUQ?t=1483s\u003c/a\u003e) Camera data reveals\nchanges in fawning rate post-treatment, indicating population control\nsuccess.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[25:10](\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyEudCmFdUQ\u0026amp;t=1510s\"\u003ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyEudCmFdUQ\u0026amp;t=1510s\u003c/a\u003e)\nFawning rate reduction: After immunocontraception implementation,\nfawning rate decreased significantly over short-term periods.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[26:15](\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyEudCmFdUQ\u0026amp;t=1575s\"\u003ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyEudCmFdUQ\u0026amp;t=1575s\u003c/a\u003e)\nImmunocontraceptives working: 57% reduction in fawning rate indicates\nthat immunocontraceptives are effectively preventing pregnancies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[26:43](\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyEudCmFdUQ\u0026amp;t=1603s\"\u003ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyEudCmFdUQ\u0026amp;t=1603s\u003c/a\u003e)\nPopulation decrease expected: Reduction in fawning combined with\nnatural mortalities is expected to lead to a decrease in the adult\ndeer population over time.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[27:09](\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyEudCmFdUQ\u0026amp;t=1629s\"\u003ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyEudCmFdUQ\u0026amp;t=1629s\u003c/a\u003e)\nMonitoring stage: The project is now in the monitoring stage to\nobserve how the population responds to the pulsed application of\nimmunocontraceptives.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[28:09](\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyEudCmFdUQ\u0026amp;t=1689s\"\u003ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyEudCmFdUQ\u0026amp;t=1689s\u003c/a\u003e)\nCommunity engagement: Public perception and engagement are crucial\nfactors in the success of the project, focusing on coexisting with\ndeer harmoniously.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[29:47](\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyEudCmFdUQ\u0026amp;t=1787s\"\u003ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyEudCmFdUQ\u0026amp;t=1787s\u003c/a\u003e)\nSocial progress: Efforts by the urban Wildlife stewardship society and\nimmunocontraception have contributed to increased acceptance and\ncoexistence with urban deer populations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"concerns-remain-over-methods-used-in-sidney-island-deer-eradication\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.cheknews.ca/concerns-remain-over-methods-used-in-sidney-island-deer-eradication-1183056/\"\u003eConcerns remain over methods used in Sidney Island deer eradication\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#concerns-remain-over-methods-used-in-sidney-island-deer-eradication\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The first phase of the Sidney Island deer eradication\nproject has concluded, but lingering concerns persist among experts\nregarding the methods employed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSidney Island Deer Eradication Project:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFirst phase completed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOngoing concerns among experts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConcerns Raised:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMethods used in deer eradication.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpecific concerns not detailed in the provided information.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExpert Opinions:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome experts express reservations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNature of concerns not explicitly mentioned.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProject Status:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompletion of initial phase.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNo information on subsequent phases or future plans.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOverall Impression:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnclear whether concerns impact the continuation of the project.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLack of specifics regarding the nature of concerns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNeed for Transparency:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCall for detailed information on methods used.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransparency may address lingering concerns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFuture Developments:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNo information on potential adjustments to methods.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLack of clarity on community and stakeholder involvement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublic Perception:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNo mention of public sentiment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article focuses on expert concerns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe completion of the first phase does not alleviate concerns raised\nby some experts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLack of details hinders a comprehensive understanding of the\nsituation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"confessions-of-a-sharpshooter-how-a-deer-cull-actually-works\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.outdoorlife.com/blogs/big-buck-zone/2014/04/confessions-sharpshooter-how-deer-cull-actually-works/\"\u003eConfessions of a Sharpshooter: How a Deer Cull Actually Works\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#confessions-of-a-sharpshooter-how-a-deer-cull-actually-works\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The key takeaway from the web page is that a deer\ncull, which involves controlled hunting to manage deer populations, can\nbe a contentious issue, even leading to unlikely alliances between\nanimal rights groups and hunters. The article also highlights the\ncomplexities and challenges involved in implementing a successful deer\ncull.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn animal rights group and a hunters\u0026rsquo; rights group join forces on Long\nIsland\u0026rsquo;s East End to protest a plan to cull up to 3,000 deer from the\nlocal population, leading to a polarized community and unexpected\npartnerships.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis is the first landscape-level cull in the region, sparking\nopposition due to concerns about wildlife management methods.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLocal hunters are unhappy with hired guns being used for the cull and\nquestion why taxpayers are funding a service hunters could provide for\nfree.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnimal rights groups are equally opposed, launching protests,\npetitions, and contacting officials to stop the cull. They raise\nconcerns about removing a significant number of keystone species from\nthe ecosystem.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author, a wildlife specialist with USDA Wildlife Services, shares\ninsights from participating in three deer culls over five years.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author describes a specific culling operation where night hunting\ntakes place, with techniques like drop-and-go methods from vehicles\nand stationary positions near bait.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVarious challenges arise, including the difficulty of baiting older,\nwiser deer, the limited effectiveness of suppressed firearms, and\nconcerns about animal welfare and clean kills.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article explains that culls are more common where hunting isn\u0026rsquo;t a\nviable management tool, such as areas with discharge laws, lawsuits,\nor changing hunting cultures.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe collaboration between government wildlife control agencies,\nhunters, and animal rights groups is motivated by a shared goal of\nmaintaining a healthy and sustainable deer population.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article concludes by suggesting that as urbanization continues,\ndeer culls may become more common as a means of wildlife management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Note: This summary report is based on the provided web page content and\ndoes not include any additional information beyond the given text.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"conflict-of-interest-concern-raised-for-sidney-island-deer-cull-contract\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.timescolonist.com/local-news/conflict-of-interest-concern-raised-for-sidney-island-deer-cull-contract-7366573#:~:text=An%20animal-rights%20activist%20is%20%C2%ADraising%20concerns%20about%20a,to%20eradicate%20invasive%20fallow%20deer%20from%20Sidney%20Island.\"\u003eConflict of interest concern raised for Sidney Island deer-cull contract\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#conflict-of-interest-concern-raised-for-sidney-island-deer-cull-contract\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Jordan Reichert of the Animal Alliance of Canada is\nconcerned about a Parks Canada contract for eradicating invasive fallow\ndeer on Sidney Island due to potential conflicts of interest and\nperceived misallocation of funds.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJordan Reichert, West Coast director of the Animal Alliance of Canada,\nhas raised concerns about a $5.9-million Parks Canada contract for\neradicating invasive fallow deer on Sidney Island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe project involves marksmen in a helicopter and on the ground\nkilling European fallow deer over a 10-day period, followed by\nadditional measures to contain and remove any survivors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe contract was awarded to Coastal Conservation, a company\nspecializing in removing invasive species from islands to promote\necosystem recovery, which also played a significant role in planning\nthe project.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReichert questions the procurement process, stating that using\nmillions of tax dollars for this project is \u0026ldquo;unnecessary\u0026rdquo; and that the\nfunds could be better allocated elsewhere.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA complaint was lodged by Reichert with the Office of the Procurement\nOmbudsman, but it could not be pursued due to the contract\u0026rsquo;s value\nexceeding its jurisdiction.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDocuments obtained through freedom of information requests show that\nconcerns were raised by Parks Canada staff about potential conflicts\nof interest involving Gregg Howald of Coastal Conservation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoastal Conservation was previously awarded a contract of $724,500 to\ndevelop an eradication operation plan before being awarded the current\ncontract for execution.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada asserts that the fallow deer population\u0026rsquo;s impact on the\necosystem is still negative and justifies the eradication project.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe population estimates vary, with Parks Canada estimating 300 to 900\ndeer, while some residents claim the population is closer to 300 due\nto previous culling efforts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReichert questions the justification for a $5.9-million eradication\nproject without accurate population data.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada controls a portion of the island\u0026rsquo;s land, and residents,\nwho own the majority of the land, were given a vote on the culling\ndecision.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoastal Conservation had been involved in a similar deer-eradication\nproject on Haida Gwaii in 2017, which was eventually canceled.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePublic feedback on the deer cull is being accepted by Parks Canada\nuntil August 23.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlease note that this summary report is based solely on the provided web\npage content and may not include any additional context or developments\nbeyond the provided text.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"deer-friendly\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.deerfriendly.com/deer-news\"\u003eDeer Friendly\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#deer-friendly\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA site dedicated to providing news and issues relating to deer\nslaughter. It also provides extensive information on humane methods of\ndeer control. Unfortunately, some of the links don\u0026rsquo;t work, but the site\nis still a good resource that is well-organized and thorough.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"demonstrators-protest-sidney-island-deer-eradication\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.peninsulanewsreview.com/local-news/demonstrators-protest-sidney-island-deer-eradication-6831690\"\u003eDemonstrators protest Sidney Island deer eradication\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#demonstrators-protest-sidney-island-deer-eradication\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The key takeaway from the web page is that\napproximately 50 people gathered in Beacon Park to peacefully protest\nthe planned deer eradication on Sidney Island by Parks Canada. The\nprotesters are questioning the justification and methods of the\n$5.9-million project, urging government officials to consider\nalternative approaches and seek more scientific data before proceeding.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProtest Gathering:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAround 50 people gathered in Beacon Park to protest the planned deer\neradication on Sidney Island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOrganizer\u0026rsquo;s Perspective:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProtest organizer Sharon Glynn expressed opposition to the mass\nkill, arguing that the fallow deer population is already under\ncontrol due to safe hunting parties on the island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePark Canada\u0026rsquo;s Project Purpose:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePark Canada aims to eliminate invasive fallow deer to allow native\nblack-tailed deer to recover and restore the native understory\ngrowth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDeer Eradication Details:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe $5.9-million project involves sharpshooters in helicopters and\nhunters on land with tracking dogs, scheduled between Nov. 25 and\nDec. 15.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGovernment Spending Concerns:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProtesters question the government\u0026rsquo;s allocation of funds for the\nproject, especially since the majority of the island is private.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHereditary Chief Support:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTsawout First Nation hereditary chief Eric Pelkey supports the\nproject, emphasizing the restoration of the forest to its original\nstate.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAppeal to Saanich-Gulf Islands MP:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProtesters are urging Saanich-Gulf Islands MP Elizabeth May to raise\nthe issue in Parliament, requesting a postponement for more\nscientific data and consideration of alternative solutions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBC SPCA Involvement:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBC SPCA was consulted in choosing sharpshooters to ensure humane\ndispatching of deer, emphasizing the expertise and training of the\nindividuals involved.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublic Reaction:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article notes a previous incident of a deer with an arrow stuck\nin it in Saanich, drawing attention to public concerns about deer\nwelfare.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGovernment Support and Historical Context:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe government project has received support from some members,\nincluding the Tsawout First Nation hereditary chief. Historical\ncontext is provided, referencing the utilization of the forest by\nancestors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMedia Coverage:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe report acknowledges contributions from Ella Matte and highlights\nthe Peninsula News Review as the source of information.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRequest for Parliamentary Action:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe protesters are hoping for parliamentary attention and action,\nasking for a postponement and a thorough examination of scientific\ndata.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdditional News Highlights:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe web page includes links to other news highlights and features a\ncommunity poll unrelated to the deer eradication issue.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis comprehensive summary covers the main points of the protest,\nreasons for opposition, government perspective, and the wider context of\nthe issue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"effectiveness-and-costs-of-helicopter-based-shooting-of-deer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://era.daf.qld.gov.au/id/eprint/8985/\"\u003eEffectiveness and costs of helicopter-based shooting of deer\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#effectiveness-and-costs-of-helicopter-based-shooting-of-deer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Helicopter-based shooting is an effective method for\nreducing deer populations over large areas, but the extent of reduction\ndepends on the effort put into the operation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe study evaluates the effectiveness and costs of helicopter-based\nshooting for controlling fallow deer and chital deer populations in\neastern Australia.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe research aims to measure reductions in deer density, the\nrelationship between deer killed per hour and density, costs of\ncontrol, and the relationships between effort, outcome, and cost.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe study analyzes 12 aerial shooting operations targeting fallow deer\nand chital deer at nine sites characterized by fragmented woodland.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePopulation reductions achieved varied between 5% and 75% for fallow\ndeer and 48% and 88% for chital deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe most significant population reductions occurred with higher effort\nper unit area, especially when shooting was conducted in consecutive\nyears.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe functional response of hourly kills to deer density follows a\nmodified Ivlev model, with an estimated asymptotic kill rate of 50\ndeer per hour.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere\u0026rsquo;s no evidence of a prey refuge, indicating no density threshold\nbelow which no deer could be shot.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHelicopter charter costs were the main expense, followed by labor,\nwhile firearm and ammunition costs were relatively minor.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe study recommends pre-control population surveys to establish\nmeasurable objectives, estimate required effort and costs, and\nevaluate realized population reduction.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Keywords abundance, aerial gunning, aerial shooting, aerial survey,\nBayesian statistics, chital deer, culling, density, effortā€“outcome,\nfallow deer, functional response, markā€“recapture distance sampling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Note: The above report is based on the provided web page content and\ndoes not include any external information beyond what is present in the\ncontent.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"epa-gives-thumbs-up-on-vaccine-to-manage-deer-populations-humanely\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://blog.humanesociety.org/2017/07/epa-gives-thumbs-vaccine-manage-deer-populations-humanely.html\"\u003eEPA gives thumbs up on vaccine to manage deer populations humanely\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#epa-gives-thumbs-up-on-vaccine-to-manage-deer-populations-humanely\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has approved\nthe registration of an immunocontraceptive vaccine called Zonastat-D for\nmanaging deer populations humanely. This vaccine aims to reduce deer\npopulations gradually without resorting to lethal methods, offering an\nalternative approach to conflicts with wildlife in urban and suburban\ncommunities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe EPA has given approval for the registration of the\nimmunocontraceptive vaccine, Zonastat-D, which is designed for\nmanaging deer populations humanely.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePreviously, communities often resorted to shooting or killing deer to\naddress conflicts with wildlife in neighborhoods.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZonastat-D is adapted from the Zonastat-H vaccine used for wild horse\npopulation control, and it is based on the porcine zona pellucida\n(PZP) vaccine. PZP blocks fertilization by triggering the production\nof antibodies that bind to the protein envelope surrounding the egg.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe approval of Zonastat-D offers an alternative approach to\npopulation control, enabling wildlife managers to reduce deer\npopulations gradually and avoid lethal methods like sport hunting or\nsharpshooting, which are often considered unsafe and impractical in\nurban and suburban areas.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) has been involved in\nstudies and research that provided the foundation for the registration\nof this vaccine. They have administered PZP-filled darts to deer in\nvarious locations, and evidence suggests that when used properly, PZP\nreduces fawning rates by 85 to 90 percent.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe EPA\u0026rsquo;s approval of Zonastat-D confirms the safety and effectiveness\nof this vaccine for managing deer populations. The HSUS plans to work\nwith state wildlife agencies and communities to implement non-lethal\nprograms and build comprehensive, humane solutions for coexisting with\nwildlife.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe approach of using PZP vaccines offers a more humane alternative to\nmass killing and aims to better manage localized overabundance of\ncertain species in urban and suburban environments.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe vaccine approval highlights the need for more options in\n21st-century wildlife management and encourages a more compassionate\napproach to dealing with conflicts between humans and wildlife.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"eradication-and-restoration-options-on-sidney-island\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"Https://sidneyisland.ca/wp-content/uploads/1-J.-ERADICATIONANDRESTORATIONOPTIONSONSIDNEYISLAND%E2%80%94DEC.212020.pdf\"\u003eEradication And Restoration Options On Sidney Island\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#eradication-and-restoration-options-on-sidney-island\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5 page doc by Jack Albrecht Ruth Albrecht Fred Anderka Frank Nielsen\nRobin Bassett\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHarpa:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The key takeaway from the web page content is that the\nissue at hand revolves around the restoration and eradication options\nfor fallow deer on Sidney Island, with differing perspectives on the\nnecessity of eradication, the ecological impacts, ethical\nconsiderations, and the need for well-informed decision-making.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe document discusses the ongoing debate regarding the restoration\nand eradication of fallow deer on Sidney Island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe process involves a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) approved by\nSidney Island, and there are documents available on the Sidney Island\nwebsite under the Parks Canada Proposal.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe issue has caused disagreement among owners and involves concerns\nabout access to hunting, with the potential eradication of fallow deer\nending hunting on the island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe history of discussions and attempts to communicate with the\nCouncil regarding eradication is outlined, including various documents\nshared with the owners.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome owners took it upon themselves to communicate with Parks Canada,\nleading to the drafting of the MOU, which states that \u0026ldquo;eradication is\ncritical for restoration.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelevant documents include a UBC research paper discussing the\nrecovery of woody plants on the island and a paper on ethical wildlife\ncontrol principles by Dr. Sara Dubois.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuestions raised include the necessity of eradication for restoration,\nthe definition of restoration, the ethical implications of eradicating\ninvasive species, and the impact on black tail deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe document highlights the lack of clarity on what \u0026ldquo;restoration\u0026rdquo;\ntruly entails and whether eradicating the fallow deer is essential for\nachieving it.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe presence of invasive species and the potential ecological\nimprovements observed are discussed in relation to the fallow deer\npopulation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns are raised about the cost of Parks Canada\u0026rsquo;s proposal, the\nmethods of eradication, and the impact on the community.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe MOU was authorized by 80% of owners, with a final vote requiring a\n75% majority for approval.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Eradication and Restoration Committees have met multiple times,\nbut there are concerns about a lack of alternative narratives to\neradication and potential groupthink.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe involvement of Parks Canada personnel in eradication efforts and\ntheir associated costs are mentioned.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecent correspondence suggests the consideration of a \u0026ldquo;population\necologist\u0026rdquo; to assess population numbers and the viability of\nmanagement control instead of eradication.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe concept of \u0026ldquo;restoration\u0026rdquo; is explored further, with emphasis on the\nneed for well-informed decision-making and compromise.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe document concludes by stating that the issue extends beyond a\nhunters versus non-hunters debate, touching on ethical and moral\nobligations toward the fallow deer population.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Note: The summary includes the main points covered in the web page\ncontent. For a comprehensive report, the text has been condensed into\nbullet points while maintaining the core ideas and information.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBing:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe text is a summary of the issue of fallow deer eradication and\nrestoration on Sidney Island, written by some owners who are not opposed\nto restoration but have questions and concerns about the process and the\nimpact of eradication. The text provides some background information on\nthe communication between the owners and the Council, and the documents\nthat were shared on the website. The text also mentions a survey\nquestion on hunting and a new disease affecting black tail deer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerplexity: [incorrect conclusion]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document titled \u0026ldquo;Eradiation and Restoration Options on Sidney\nIsland\u0026rdquo; discusses the issue of overpopulation of fallow deer on Sidney\nIsland and the proposed plan to eradicate the deer population. The\ndocument outlines the reasons for the proposed eradication plan,\nincluding the negative impact of deer on the island\u0026rsquo;s ecosystem and the\nrisk of deer-vehicle collisions. The document also discusses the\npotential alternatives to eradication, such as relocation and\ncontraception, and the challenges associated with these options.\nUltimately, the document concludes that eradication is the most\neffective and efficient option for managing the deer population on\nSidney Island.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitations:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChatgpt:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document discusses the topic of eradication and restoration options\nfor fallow deer on Sidney Island. It begins with a background\nexplanation, highlighting the efforts of a Steering Committee and\nWorking Groups to develop a plan for fallow deer eradication and\nrestoration, based on a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) approved in\nMarch 2020. The document emphasizes the importance of addressing new\nowners and responding to Council\u0026rsquo;s recent material.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors clarify that they are not opposed to restoring the island\u0026rsquo;s\necology, but their concerns were about the process used for open\ndialogue on deer eradication. They mention efforts made to communicate\nwith the Council and their involvement in discussions with Parks Canada\nto reset the process. They refer to various documents on the Sidney\nIsland website that provide historical context and viewpoints supporting\neradication.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwo key documents are highlighted:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA UBC research paper from May 2019, which presents empirical\nevidence regarding flora restoration on Sidney Island, indicating a\ngeneral 30% improvement over six years. This paper neither states\neradication is \u0026ldquo;critical\u0026rdquo; nor examines alternatives to eradication.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA paper by Dr. Sara Dubois on ethical wildlife control principles,\nsuggesting that the term \u0026ldquo;invasive\u0026rdquo; should not solely justify\nextermination and emphasizing minimal harm in wildlife control.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document raises several fundamental questions:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe necessity of eradicating fallow deer for restoration and\ndefining the concept of \u0026ldquo;restoration.\u0026rdquo; It questions the specific\ngoals of long-term forest recovery and what this entails.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ethical considerations of labeling species as \u0026ldquo;invasive\u0026rdquo; and\nwhether eradication meets ethical and ecological standards.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe adequacy of lowering the fallow deer population to under 200,\ngiven observed ecological improvements, and why a management control\nplan isn\u0026rsquo;t considered.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe potential costs, safety concerns, and ethical implications of\neradication methods, including helicopter hunting and hunting with\ndogs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document recounts the authorization of the MOU in March 2020 and\nnotes the ongoing work of the Eradication and Restoration Committees.\nConcerns are raised about a lack of diverse perspectives in these\ncommittees and the secrecy of their proceedings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRecent correspondence from Parks Canada suggests exploring management\ncontrol rather than eradication, utilizing a \u0026ldquo;population ecologist\u0026rdquo; to\nassess population numbers and hunting history. This is seen as a\npositive step by the authors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document concludes by stating that the issue goes beyond hunters\nversus non-hunters and emphasizes the moral and ethical obligations\ntowards fallow deer. It calls for an informed decision-making process\nand finding a compromise to this emotionally charged issue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document is signed by multiple authors: Jack Albrecht, Ruth\nAlbrecht, Fred Anderka, Frank Nielsen, and Robin Bassett.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"fallow-deer-eating-their-way-across-gulf-islands\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.timescolonist.com/local-news/fallow-deer-eating-their-way-across-gulf-islands-4575346\"\u003eFallow deer eating their way across Gulf Islands\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fallow-deer-eating-their-way-across-gulf-islands\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Invasive fallow deer with voracious appetites are\nspreading across Gulf Islands, devouring native trees and plants, posing\na threat to ecosystems, vineyards, and gardens. Parks Canada and local\nresidents are seeking a final solution to control the deer population.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvasive European fallow deer, distinct from native black-tailed deer,\nhave become a problem on Gulf Islands due to their indiscriminate\neating habits and rapid population growth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe deer were originally introduced to James Island for sport hunting\nand have since spread to Sidney Island and other areas.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEfforts have been made to control the population through annual culls\nusing methods like corral systems, bolt guns, and mobile meat\nprocessors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDespite culling efforts, the fallow deer population has continued to\ngrow on Mayne Island, with some deer island-hopping to other locations\nlike Saturna Island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe deer\u0026rsquo;s impact includes stripping vegetation, outcompeting native\nspecies, and threatening the rare Garry oak ecosystem, vineyards, and\ngardens.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCameras are being set up to monitor deer numbers on Saturna Island,\nand community input will be sought for the next steps.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe preferred solution is to remove all the animals, but this approach\nis controversial and requires expert consultation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe lack of natural predators has contributed to the deer population\u0026rsquo;s\nunchecked growth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe deer are also affecting the native black-tailed deer population on\nMayne Island due to a lack of predators.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe deer\u0026rsquo;s impact is particularly significant on plants such as\narbutus, Garry oaks, and conifers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about the deer\u0026rsquo;s movement into developed areas where hunting\nis restricted are growing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere is debate on Mayne Island regarding a complete cull, as some\nresidents oppose this solution.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEfforts to determine the density of the deer population and secure\nfunding for management strategies are ongoing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe situation highlights the need for a comprehensive approach to\naddress the ecological and economic challenges posed by invasive\nfallow deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis report summarizes the issue of invasive fallow deer on Gulf\nIslands, their impact on ecosystems and communities, and the ongoing\nefforts to find a solution to manage their population.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"fast-action-needed-to-stop-mass-kill-of-deer-on-bc-island\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.msn.com/en-ca/news/canada/comment-fast-action-needed-to-stop-mass-kill-of-deer-on-bc-island/ar-AA1jWgSA\"\u003eFast action needed to stop mass kill of deer on B.C. Island\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fast-action-needed-to-stop-mass-kill-of-deer-on-bc-island\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The planned mass killing of all deer on Sidney Island,\nBritish Columbia, particularly targeting fallow deer, has sparked\nsignificant outrage among residents and visitors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLocation and Ownership:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSidney Island, situated north of Victoria, is comprised of\napproximately 20% national park land, with the remaining area being\nprivately owned and inhabited by full- and part-time residents.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePersonal Connection:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author expresses personal fondness for the island, having\nenjoyed camping there multiple times, highlighting its peaceful and\nbeautiful qualities, especially given its proximity to the city.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eControversial Action by Parks Canada:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada has announced its intention to carry out a mass kill of\nfallow deer on Sidney Island, citing them as a non-native species.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublic Outrage:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe planned mass kill has generated widespread outrage among both\nresidents and others, emphasizing the emotional response to this\nconservation strategy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnvironmental Context:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe island is described as a small but valuable oasis close to the\ncity, emphasizing its ecological and recreational significance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConservation Rationale:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe primary motivation behind the mass deer kill is framed as a\nconservation effort, with a focus on eliminating the non-native\nfallow deer species.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCall for Action:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe overall tone of the article suggests an urgent need for\nintervention to prevent the planned mass killing, urging for\nreconsideration of the conservation strategy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUnresolved Questions:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article does not provide detailed information on alternative\nconservation measures or address potential ecological consequences\nof the mass deer removal. [However, there are plenty of viable\nalternatives as outlined in the Resources section.]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor Perspective:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author positions themselves as part of a larger community that\nopposes the planned action, adding a personal and community-oriented\ndimension to the narrative.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAbsence of Detailed Information:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article lacks specific details on the methods Parks Canada plans\nto use for the massdeer kill or the timeline for implementation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOverall Impact:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe controversy surrounding the mass deer kill on Sidney Island\nreflects broader debates about conservation strategies, raising\nquestions about the balance between protecting native ecosystems and\nethical considerations in wildlife management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"humane-dispatch\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://bestpracticeguides.org.uk/culling/humane-dispatch/\"\u003eHumane dispatch\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#humane-dispatch\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The web page provides comprehensive guidance on humane\ndispatch procedures for injured deer, covering legal aspects, safety\nconsiderations, methods of dispatch, and operator competency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe web page focuses on providing guidance for the humane dispatch of\ninjured deer, emphasizing legal, safety, and ethical considerations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLegal Aspects:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSection 25 of the Deer (Scotland) Act 1996 exempts individuals from\nguilt if they take or kill deer to prevent suffering, including\ninjured, diseased, or starving deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFirearms or ammunition that are otherwise prohibited can be used for\nhumane dispatch under certain circumstances.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSafety and Welfare:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSituation assessment is crucial, considering factors such as\noperator safety, public safety, deer welfare, and operator\ncompetency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRisks associated with using firearms and potential danger from\ninjured deer\u0026rsquo;s antlers or hooves should be considered.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe dispatcher\u0026rsquo;s aim should be to ensure rapid loss of consciousness\nand death without causing unnecessary suffering.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods of Dispatch:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShooting with firearms is the preferred method, following proper\nauthorization and safety measures.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOther methods include the use of drugs (administered by qualified\nindividuals), captive bolt (by trained slaughter personnel), and the\nuse of a knife (only by experienced operators).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDispatching Scenarios:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDispatching is required for wounded, diseased, injured, or trapped\ndeer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrapped but uninjured deer should be assessed for appropriate\naction.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOperator Competency:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDispatch should only be attempted by individuals with necessary\nskills, training, and experience.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCarcass Disposal:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe person responsible for carcass disposal should be identified and\naware of the proper procedures.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInsurance and Liability:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndividuals involved in deer management are advised to have adequate\npublic liability coverage.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecialized Practitioners:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThose specializing in the humane dispatch of Deer Vehicle Collision\n(DVC) injured deer should have relevant experience, training, and\ncompetence.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: The summary covers various aspects of humane dispatch procedures,\nincluding legal provisions, safety precautions, dispatch methods,\noperator competence, and carcass disposal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor more details, please refer to the original web page.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"is-sterilization-the-answer-to-too-many-urban-deer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/sterilization-answer-too-many-urban-deer\"\u003eIs Sterilization the Answer to Too Many Urban Deer?\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#is-sterilization-the-answer-to-too-many-urban-deer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Sterilization of urban deer populations, although\ncontroversial, has shown potential in reducing deer numbers in certain\nareas. While the method is met with skepticism, studies indicate a\ndecline in deer populations through sterilization efforts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSterilization is being considered as a method to address urban deer\noverpopulation in various US cities and suburbs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTony DeNicola, a wildlife biologist, has initiated deer sterilization\nprograms in different locations to control deer numbers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeNicola\u0026rsquo;s sterilization program in Cincinnati, started in 2015, has\nresulted in a 19 percent decline in the deer population over three\nyears.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSimilar successful sterilization results have been observed in other\nareas, including Cayuga, New York (34 percent decline), Fairfax,\nVirginia (20 percent decline), Bethesda, Maryland (47 percent\ndecline), and San Jose, California (37 percent decline).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpposition to sterilization comes from hunters who have traditionally\nbeen involved in deer population control. However, studies suggest\nthat hunting may not effectively reduce deer numbers for ecological\nimpact.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA case study in a gated community in San Jose, where sterilization was\nemployed due to landscaping losses caused by deer, resulted in a\nreduction of the deer population from 153 to 60.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDespite skepticism, a sterilization project on Staten Island saw an 8\npercent decrease in the deer population.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA grassroots deer sterilization project in Cincinnati\u0026rsquo;s Clifton\nneighborhood, initiated by residents, successfully raised funds and\nimplemented sterilization efforts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Cincinnati project involves sterilizing does, and it has a goal of\nachieving 95 percent sterilization to maintain a sustainable approach\nto wildlife management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe sterilization procedure involves surgical removal of ovaries,\ntagging the deer, and releasing them after a reversal drug is\nadministered.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSterilization efforts have potential for reducing urban deer\npopulations, but the method remains controversial within the wildlife\nmanagement community.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor the full analysis and context, please refer to the provided web page\ncontent.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"letter-by-film-maker-wendy-ord-pdf\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://sidmsociety.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Sidney-Island-Deer-letter.pdf\"\u003eLetter by Film Maker Wendy Ord (pdf)\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#letter-by-film-maker-wendy-ord-pdf\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWendy is a award winning writer, director and producer with credits for\n\u0026ldquo;Christmas Carol\u0026rdquo; (2023), \u0026ldquo;Perfect Manicure\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;The Way To The Heart\u0026rdquo; and\nmore! You can find her \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0649488/bio/\"\u003eIMDb Bio\nhere\u003c/a\u003e. Summary of her letter\nfollows:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The key takeaway from the web page is that the author\nstrongly opposes the plan to eradicate deer on Sidney Island proposed by\nParks Canada. The opposition is based on various grounds, including\nconcerns about the accuracy of deer population estimates, lack of social\nlicense, credibility issues with project execution, potential negative\necological impacts, disruption of island residents\u0026rsquo; lives, and potential\nfinancial misallocation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author opposes the eradication of deer on Sidney Island proposed\nby Parks Canada, both European Fallow Deer and native Black-tailed\nDeer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada lacks a clear definition of \u0026ldquo;social license,\u0026rdquo; and the\nauthor believes they do not have it due to legitimacy, credibility,\nand trust issues.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere\u0026rsquo;s a conflict of interest since Coastal Conservation, a company\ninvolved in pushing the project, is leading the contractors,\npotentially benefiting financially.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe eradication plan doesn\u0026rsquo;t have 50% of island owners\u0026rsquo; permission;\nonly 45% of strata lots voted in favor.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author questions the credibility of information provided by Parks\nCanada, including the lack of mention that all deer on the island will\nbe eradicated.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA UBC study from 2013 to 2018 shows the island\u0026rsquo;s ecology improved, but\nPC presents a negative image of the island\u0026rsquo;s state.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author questions the urgency of eradication, as restoration is\nobserved through a hunt and cull program.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe success of the eradication is uncertain, and non-compliance with\nfencing and potential negative impacts on the ecosystem are concerns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrust in Parks Canada has eroded due to misinformation and mishandling\nof the project.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author, along with many others, opposes the eradication due to\nconcerns about cruelty, ecological impacts, disruption of residents\u0026rsquo;\nlives, and loss of local food sources.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe project\u0026rsquo;s timeline is outlined, involving aerial and ground\noperations over several months, leading to significant disruptions for\nresidents and the environment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author believes the loss of deer will upset the balance of nature,\nincrease invasive species, and pose forest fire threats.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRepopulation of Black-tailed Deer is mentioned as a potential concern,\nwhile repopulation of fallow deer is questioned.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author calls for reconsideration of the project, asserting that it\nlacks social license and questions the allocation of taxpayer dollars.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Note: The summary aims to capture the main points from the web page\ncontent and might not include every single detail.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"looming-deer-slaughter-called\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://theprovince.com/news/local-news/deer-slaughter-terrifying-sidney-island-residents\"\u003eLooming deer slaughter called \u0026lsquo;disturbing, terrifying\u0026rsquo; by Sidney Island residents\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#looming-deer-slaughter-called\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The residents of Sidney Island are divided over Parks\nCanada\u0026rsquo;s plan to kill all European fallow deer, with concerns about the\nuse of helicopters, potential harm to other wildlife, and the emotional\nimpact on the community.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada plans to eradicate European fallow deer on Sidney Island,\nincluding native blacktails, to restore ecological balance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResidents are divided; some, like Wendy Ord, argue the mass slaughter\nisn\u0026rsquo;t necessary due to already low deer numbers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns include the inability to distinguish between deer species by\nsharpshooters, the use of helicopters, loudspeakers, and drop nets for\ncapture, causing distress to residents, pets, and wildlife.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRob Milne raises concerns about the impact on bald eagles and raptors\ndue to low-flying helicopters.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProponents argue the deer eradication is essential for the ecological\nbalance, citing disappearing understory plantswith medicinal value for\nthe WĢ±SƁNEĆ people.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada has awarded a $5.9-million project to Coastal\nConservation, covering deer eradication, public consultation, support\nfor indigenous community hunting, invasive plant removal, and\nreplanting native species until 2026.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShooting is estimated between Nov. 25 and Dec. 14, with a second phase\nin the following winter.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSaanich-Gulf Islands MP Elizabeth May, still recovering from a stroke,\nis examining the plan; key permits for helicopter use are pending.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCritics argue Parks Canada lacks accurate deer counts, with estimates\nranging from 300 to 900; no formal counts by scientists have been\nconducted.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA 2019 UBC study suggests increased vegetation on the island due to\nsustained managed hunting since 2019.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver 18,000 people signed a petition to cancel the deer killing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJanice McLeod supports eradication, fearing the island will resemble\nMandarte Island without intervention.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe community is emotionally divided, with concerns about the impact\non the island\u0026rsquo;s character, wildlife, and the prolonged nature of the\nhunt.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResidents express horror at the prospect of on-the-ground fenced\nhunting seven days a week for four or five months.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDespite differing opinions, there is a call for reasonable discussions\nand exploring alternative solutions to the deer issue.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"non-lethal-deer-population-control-for-urban-and-suburban-environments\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.deerfriendly.com/deer-population-control\"\u003eNon-Lethal Deer Population Control for Urban and Suburban Environments\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#non-lethal-deer-population-control-for-urban-and-suburban-environments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The web page discusses non-lethal methods for\ncontrolling deer populations in urban and suburban environments,\nprimarily focusing on contraception and sterilization. It highlights the\nchallenges and benefits of these approaches, as well as their potential\nimpact on managing deer populations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary The web page emphasizes the use of non-lethal methods for\nmanaging deer populations in urban and suburban areas. The key points\ninclude:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDeer Population Control Methods:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article advocates for non-lethal strategies such as\ncontraception and sterilization to manage deer populations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt highlights the limitations and ethical concerns associated with\nlethal methods like culling.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDeer Contraception:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVarious forms of contraception are discussed, such as Gonacon and\nSpayvac.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContraception can be effective, with success rates often reported in\nthe 90 to 95 percent range.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCosts vary depending on factors like labor and the number of deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContraception needs to be reapplied after a few years.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSterilization:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSterilization methods, including spaying, ovariectomy, and tubal\nligation, are explored.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSterilization can be more expensive but offers long-term\neffectiveness (97-100 percent) and needs to be done only once.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChallenges include surgical interventions, equipment, and potential\nattraction of bucks to sterilized does.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExamples of Sterilization Programs:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe web page provides examples of cities and regions that have\nimplemented sterilization programs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOak Bay in British Columbia successfully reduced fawn numbers\nthrough immunocontraception, leading to a decrease in the deer\npopulation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSouth Euclid, Ohio, initiated a sterilization program, aiming for\nlong-term impact on deer numbers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChallenges and Considerations:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article acknowledges challenges in implementing non-lethal\nmethods, such as cost, labor, and legal regulations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDifferent communities have debated and implemented various\nstrategies based on local contexts and preferences.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePublic attitudes, government regulations, and local decision-making\ninfluence the choice of methods.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBenefits and Implications:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNon-lethal methods help avoid negative consequences associated with\nculling, such as public opposition and the need for ongoing killing\nprograms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSuccesses in reducing deer populations through sterilization and\ncontraception programs are highlighted, providing evidence for the\nfeasibility of these approaches.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDebate and Research:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe web page also touches on the ongoing debate about optimal deer\ndensity and the relationship between deer populations and issues\nlike Lyme disease.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe role of fertility control programs in reducing deer populations\nwithout resorting to lethal methods is emphasized.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe overall message of the web page is that non-lethal methods like\ncontraception and sterilization offer promising alternatives for\nmanaging deer populations in urban and suburban settings, with evidence\nof successful programs and ongoing research in this area.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"not-tonight-deer-a-new-birth-control-vaccine-helps-reduce-urban-deer-damage\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.acs.org/pressroom/newsreleases/2011/august/not-tonight-deer-a-new-birth-control-vaccine-helps-reduce-urban-deer-damage.html\"\u003eNot tonight deer: A new birth control vaccine helps reduce urban deer damage\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#not-tonight-deer-a-new-birth-control-vaccine-helps-reduce-urban-deer-damage\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway A new birth control vaccine named GonaConā„¢ has been\ndeveloped to control white-tailed deer populations in urban areas. This\nvaccine reduces dangerous reproductive behavior, preventing collisions\nwith automobiles and damage to gardens. It also has applications in\nmanaging undesirable behaviors in other animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA birth control vaccine called GonaConā„¢ has been developed to address\nthe issue of white-tailed deer overpopulation in urban areas.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe vaccine eliminates the reproductive behavior responsible for the\nsurge in automobile-deer collisions during autumn.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe vaccine was discussed at the 242nd National Meeting \u0026amp; Exposition\nof the American Chemical Society (ACS).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGonaConā„¢ has the potential to reduce or eliminate undesirable\nbehaviors in household pets and farm animals such as scent-marking,\nfighting, caterwauling, and wandering in cats, as well as aggressive\nbehavior in horses.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe vaccine blocks the action of male and female sex hormones\n(testosterone and estrogen), responsible for these behaviors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt could also be used for prairie dogs, wild horses, and feral dogs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe vaccine addresses the population explosion of white-tailed deer,\nwhich cause damage to gardens, landscaping plants, and attract\npredators into residential areas.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeer-auto collisions result in deaths and significant property damage.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGonaConā„¢ is developed by the U.S. Department of Agricultureā€™s (USDA)\nAnimal and Plant Health Inspection Service/Wildlife Services National\nWildlife Research Center.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnlike other birth-control vaccines, GonaConā„¢ prevents mating\nbehaviors in vaccinated deer, eliminating dangerous situations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe vaccine blocks a biological signal triggered by decreasing day\nlength in autumn, inducing infertility by targeting\ngonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe vaccine was effective in various animals including white-tailed\ndeer, ground squirrels, rats, swine, and wild horses.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA single injection of GnRH led to infertility lasting up to five years\nin penned white-tailed deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe vaccine needed to be registered with the U.S. Environmental\nProtection Agency (EPA) and requires concentration data of the active\ningredient.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGonaConā„¢ is the only EPA-registered multi-year, single-injection\nwildlife contraceptive for female white-tailed deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt must be administered by USDA or state game and fish department\nstaff members and has been approved for use in Maryland and New\nJersey.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe vaccine ensures that female deer remain sterile for years,\nreducing the risk of accidents caused by deer in traffic.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: The report has been generated based on the provided web page\ncontent, and some information might be missing or inaccurately\ninterpreted due to the limitations of the content provided.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"parks-canada-seeks-input-230801\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.pressreader.com/canada/times-colonist/20230801/281492165823689\"\u003eParks Canada seeks input 230801\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#parks-canada-seeks-input-230801\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The key takeaway from the web page is that a cull of\nfallow deer on Sidney Island is being conducted due to the negative\nimpact these deer have had on the ecosystem, even though it contradicts\nthe teachings of the island\u0026rsquo;s elders. The cull aims to address the\ndecimation caused by the deer population.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSidney Island is undergoing a cull of fallow deer to combat their\nnegative impact on the ecosystem.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe cull has been met with resistance due to the conflict with\ntraditional teachings and practices of the island\u0026rsquo;s elders.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe overpopulation of fallow deer has led to a significant reduction\nin the island\u0026rsquo;s forest understory.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlack-tailed deer, once hunted by the community, are now virtually\nextinct on the island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe cull involves shooting animals from a helicopter, which has raised\nethical concerns about suffering.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCritics, such as the Animal Alliance of Canada, question the lack of\ndata on the deer population and suggest exploring non-lethal methods\nlike immuno-contraception.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe proliferation of fallow deer has adversely affected the\necosystem\u0026rsquo;s biodiversity and plant growth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTraditional foods, medicines, and habitats for animals are impacted by\nthe loss of lush plants in the understory.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSidney Island hosts the coastal Douglas fir ecosystem, which is unique\nto the region.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePublic feedback on the cull can be provided until August 23 via\nspecific online links.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Note: The provided text does not include links, so the URLs are not\ncomplete in the summary.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"on-the-eve-of-mass-fallow-deer-kill-pleas-to-stop-the-helicopter-cull\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.timescolonist.com/local-news/on-the-eve-of-mass-fallow-deer-kill-pleas-to-stop-the-helicopter-cull-7902418\"\u003eOn the eve of mass fallow deer kill, pleas to stop the helicopter cull\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#on-the-eve-of-mass-fallow-deer-kill-pleas-to-stop-the-helicopter-cull\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e23-11-30\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The mass kill of fallow deer on Sidney Island,\nscheduled to start on Friday, is proceeding despite appeals claiming it\nis unnecessary. The $6-million plan aims to restore the island\u0026rsquo;s\necosystem, but there are opposing views on the necessity and methods\ninvolved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDeer Eradication Operation:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA mass kill of fallow deer on Sidney Island is set to begin despite\nlast-minute appeals.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe operation, costing $6 million, is aimed at restoring the\nisland\u0026rsquo;s fragile Coastal Douglas Fir ecosystems.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOpposition and Appeals:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrivate property owners and some citizens have appealed to the prime\nminister, federal environment minister, and the B.C. SPCA to halt\nthe deer cull.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFirst Nations confirm the operation is underway, emphasizing the\ndamage caused by fallow deer to the land and ecosystem.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExecution Plan:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA company will shoot deer from a helicopter, assisted by ground\nhunters with dogs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFirst Nations members will set up camps, locate carcasses marked by\nGPS, and handle the skinning and butchering.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiffering Perspectives:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome island residents argue against the eradication plan, stating\nthe deer numbers are not critical and suggesting alternative uses\nfor the allocated funds.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA local hunter and wildlife biology professor assert that organized\nhunts and culls in the past have reduced the deer population\neffectively.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnimal Welfare Concerns:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe B.C. SPCA\u0026rsquo;s endorsement of the mass kill has sparked outrage\namong some citizens, with concerns about inhumane practices and a\nlack of widespread public support.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn online petition against the deer kill has garnered over 20,000\nsignatures.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUtilization of Deer Resources:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDespite opposition, First Nations plan to use fallow deer resources\nfor cultural purposes, such as making drums and moccasins.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlacktail deer are set to be reintroduced to the island after the\nfallow deer eradication.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnvironmental Impact Claims:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArguments exist that the island\u0026rsquo;s ecology has already improved due\nto previous hunting efforts, and a more elaborate plan may not be\nnecessary.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotential Alternatives:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome island residents propose reallocating funds to address pressing\nneeds in First Nations communities rather than focusing on deer\neradication.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLong-term Effects and Future Phases:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA second phase of killings is planned a year later, involving\nfencing and dogs to round up any remaining deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns are raised about the broader impact on the ecosystem and\npublic perception, with potential consequences for the B.C. SPCA.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCultural Utilization of Deer:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe planned use of fallow deer resources by First Nations for\ncultural purposes adds a dimension to the debate beyond ecological\nconcerns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis summary captures the multifaceted nature of the deer cull issue,\ninvolving ecological, cultural, ethical, and financial considerations,\nwith differing opinions among stakeholders.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"plan-to-eradicate-fallow-deer-population-from-bc-island-faces-backlash-terrace-standard-230809\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.terracestandard.com/news/plan-to-eradicate-fallow-deer-population-from-b-c-island-faces-backlash/\"\u003ePlan to eradicate fallow deer population from B.C. island faces backlash (Terrace Standard 230809)\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#plan-to-eradicate-fallow-deer-population-from-bc-island-faces-backlash-terrace-standard-230809\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal Alliance of Canada speaks out about alternative methods to\npreserve Sidney Island ecosystem\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Animal advocates, led by the Animal Alliance of\nCanada, are opposing the plan to exterminate an invasive fallow deer\npopulation on Sidney Island, British Columbia. The plan aims to restore\nnative plant habitats, but critics argue that more humane alternatives\nshould be considered.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada\u0026rsquo;s plan involves culling the fallow deer population on\nSidney Island to help restore native plant habitats and create a\nsuitable environment for songbirds and other wildlife.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe cull is scheduled for the upcoming winter and will use\nsharpshooters from White Buffalo Inc. in helicopters and on the ground\nto eliminate as many deer as possible.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJordan Reichert, campaign director of the Animal Alliance of Canada,\ncriticizes the plan, suggesting that contraception or birth control\nwould be a more ecologically responsible and humane alternative.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKate Humble, superintendent for the Gulf Islands National Parks\nReserve, counters that capturing, relocating, serialization, and\ncontraceptives were considered but wouldn\u0026rsquo;t achieve the goal of\npopulation removal.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe fallow deer were introduced to Sidney Island by European\ncolonizers and have been damaging vegetation, including medicinal\nplants used by local First Nations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe fallow deer population on the island is estimated to be between\n300 and 900. The culling process could also impact the native\nblack-tailed deer population.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCritics argue that the chosen eradication method could negatively\nimpact both deer species and the island\u0026rsquo;s ecology as a whole.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHumble defends the culling as a necessary action for ecosystem\nrestoration, emphasizing that it\u0026rsquo;s a last resort when other methods\ncannot be applied.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePoints covered:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada\u0026rsquo;s plan for fallow deer cull on Sidney Island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse of sharpshooters by White Buffalo Inc. to eliminate deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJordan Reichert\u0026rsquo;s criticism, proposing contraception or birth\ncontrol.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKate Humble\u0026rsquo;s response, highlighting limitations of alternatives.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHistory of introduced fallow deer damaging local vegetation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEstimated fallow deer population and potential impact on native\nblack-tailed deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerns about the chosen eradication method\u0026rsquo;s broader ecological\nimpact.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHumble\u0026rsquo;s defense of culling as a necessary action for ecosystem\nrestoration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: The summary is comprehensive and covers the main aspects of the\nweb page content.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"protest-planned-as-sidney-island-helicopter-deer-kill-set-to-begin\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.tricitynews.com/bc-news/protest-planned-as-sidney-island-helicopter-deer-kill-set-to-begin-7778264\"\u003eProtest planned as Sidney island helicopter deer kill set to begin\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#protest-planned-as-sidney-island-helicopter-deer-kill-set-to-begin\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The mass killing of fallow deer on Sidney Island,\nutilizing sharpshooters in helicopters and hunters on land, is set to\nbegin between Nov. 25 and Dec. 15. The action aims to restore native\nplants and biodiversity, but it has sparked protests due to concerns\nabout the tactics\u0026rsquo; inhumanity and the high cost of $5.9 million.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe mass killing of fallow deer on Sidney Island is scheduled to take\nplace between Nov. 25 and Dec. 15.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe approach involves sharpshooters in helicopters and hunters on land\nwith tracking dogs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada asserts that the deer eradication is necessary to restore\nnative plants and biodiversity on the island, partly parkland and\npartly privately owned.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA protest is planned at Sidneyā€™s Beacon Park against the perceived\ninhumane tactics and the significant cost of $5.9 million for\neradicating the invasive species.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProtest organizer Sharon Glynn aims to halt the \u0026ldquo;unscientific and\ncostly\u0026rdquo; eradication or at least postpone it until further research is\nconducted.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada, along with First Nations partners and contractor Coastal\nConservation, has finalized an operational plan, confirming the deer\nkill will proceed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe initial phase is set to last over 10 days at the end of the month,\nwith a second roundup and kill scheduled for a year later.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCritics, including wildlife biology professor David Bird, question the\nnecessity of the expensive contract, suggesting traditional hunting\nhas already reduced the deer population significantly.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe estimated fallow deer population on Sidney Island is between 300\nand 900, according to Parks Canada.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA lack of proper, science-based censuses of the deer population is\ncriticized by opponents.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe contract covers the project until 2026, including invasive plant\nremoval and replanting native species.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA 2019 UBC study on Sidney Island indicated that reducing deer\npopulations led to increased native species richness and diversity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe deer kill will involve marksmen from the U.S. and New Zealand,\nutilizing helicopters and ground-based hunting, with precautions for\nhumane kills and no nighttime helicopter hunting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNotifications about the shootings will be sent to residents, and First\nNations will participate in harvesting crews.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe B.C. SPCA will oversee the killings to ensure humane practices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSidney Island residents have organized well-managed hunts in the past,\nsignificantly reducing the deer population.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe protest aims to stop or delay the deer eradication project, citing\nsuccessful traditional hunting and lack of scientific basis for\nurgency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"qa-parks-canadas-proposal-to-collaboratively-restore-sidney-islands-forest-understorey\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://sidneyisland.ca/wp-content/uploads/QAs-Sidney-Island-Restoration-August-27.pdf\"\u003eQ\u0026amp;A Parks Canadaā€™s Proposal to Collaboratively Restore Sidney Islandā€™s Forest Understorey\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#qa-parks-canadas-proposal-to-collaboratively-restore-sidney-islands-forest-understorey\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Parks Canada is proposing to collaboratively restore\nSidney Island\u0026rsquo;s forest understorey by safely and humanely eradicating\ninvasive fallow deer. This proposal aims to address the significant\ndamage caused by the deer population to the island\u0026rsquo;s ecosystem. The\nrestoration efforts involve extensive planning, community engagement,\nand consideration of various factors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada aims to restore Sidney Island\u0026rsquo;s forest understorey by\neradicating invasive fallow deer that have damaged the ecosystem\nthrough overgrazing and negatively impacting native birds and plant\nspecies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe proposed eradication operation involves collaboration with Sidney\nIsland landowners, local First Nations, and stakeholders. An\norganization specializing in invasive species eradication is studying\nthe plan\u0026rsquo;s design.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFallow deer are classified as invasive species, and their removal is\nessential for the island\u0026rsquo;s ecological health. Eradication is intended\nto restore the native forests and songbirds.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe decision to remove invasive species is based on the impact they\nhave on native plants and animals. Parks Canada\u0026rsquo;s policy is to control\ninvasive species within its jurisdiction.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechniques for eradication will be developed with a focus on safety,\neffectiveness, and environmental suitability. Parks Canada is\ncommitted to humane methods.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEradication efforts would likely take approximately a year to plan and\nfinalize, followed by active eradication over two winter seasons.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePublic safety is a priority, and efforts will be made to minimize\nrisks during eradication, including communication plans and safety\nmeasures.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommunity support is crucial; a vote among Sidney Island landowners\nwill determine project approval. Parks Canada respects the decision of\nthe community.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada is collaborating with local academics and institutions\nfor research opportunities following eradication, with a focus on\nmonitoring and restoration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRestoration efforts, including support for native plants and\nblack-tailed deer management, will follow the eradication of fallow\ndeer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe project aims to involve professional hunters with a proven safety\nrecord to minimize impact on private property and ensure success.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFunding will be allocated for forest restoration activities in\ncollaboration with Sidney Island landowners.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlans for identifying and distinguishing between fallow and\nblack-tailed deer are being developed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNecessary approvals from provincial authorities are sought for\neradication techniques outside normal hunting regulations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrivate landowners have the choice to allow access to their property\nduring eradication; their involvement impacts the feasibility and\ntimeline of the operation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEfforts will be made to minimize property damage, and Parks Canada is\nprepared to compensate for any damage that may occur.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeat from culled deer will be processed, and various options for\ndistribution, including Indigenous communities, schools, and wildlife\nrehabilitation centers, will be explored.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada will maintain transparent communication with landowners\nthrough various methods during planning and operational phases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMedia communication will be managed by Parks Canada\u0026rsquo;s local\ncommunication staff, ensuring fair representation of community\nperspectives.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEradication personnel will use various means of transportation to and\nfrom the island, and accommodations will be arranged for them if\nneeded.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlease note that this report provides a comprehensive summary of the\nprovided web page content, but it may not cover every single detail.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"restoration-of-sidney-island-ecosystem\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.alaskahighwaynews.ca/bc-news/restoration-of-sidney-island-ecosystem-not-feasible-without-full-eradication-of-invasive-deer-parks-canada-says-7430876\"\u003eRestoration of Sidney Island ecosystem \u0026rsquo;not feasible\u0026rsquo; without full eradication of invasive deer, Parks Canada says\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#restoration-of-sidney-island-ecosystem\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Parks Canada asserts that eradicating invasive fallow\ndeer from Sidney Island is essential to restore the ecosystem\u0026rsquo;s balance\nand prevent their population from rebounding, leading to significant\nbiodiversity loss.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada is planning a $5.9-million project to eradicate invasive\nfallow deer from Sidney Island and restore native plant species in the\nfall.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFrank Nielsen, a property owner on Sidney Island, disagrees with the\neradication, stating that the deer population is already under control\ndue to regular hunting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Parks Canada project involves aerial and ground-based marksmen\neliminating as many fallow deer as possible over a 10-day period,\nfollowed by flushing out and containing any survivors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvasive fallow deer have significantly reduced Sidney Island\u0026rsquo;s\nbiodiversity by overbrowsing and removing native species, motivating\nthe eradication project.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA report on harvest numbers indicates a decline in deer removal,\nincluding both invasive fallow deer and native black-tailed deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKate Humble, superintendent of Gulf Islands National Park Reserve,\nnotes that despite population reduction efforts, the ecosystem\u0026rsquo;s\nsustained recovery requires complete deer removal.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe eradication project cost covers public and Indigenous community\nconsultations, support for community member hunting, removal of\ninvasive plants, replanting of native species, and the\ndeer-eradication initiative.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGregg Howald, director of Coastal Conservation, mentions that using\nhelicopters will enhance deer location efficiency and aid in the\nground-based eradication phase.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe project has divided the local community; a vote resulted in 52%\nsupport for the cull to proceed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInterested individuals can access a draft detailed impact-assessment\nreport for better understanding of the project.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlease note that the report is based on the provided web page content\nand may not include information external to it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"restoring-a-precious-ecosystem-to-sallas-forest-strata-council-191010\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"Https://sidneyisland.ca/wp-content/uploads/3-I.-Multiple-Owners-Restoring-a-Precious-Ecosystem-10-Dec-2019.pdf\"\u003eRestoring A Precious Ecosystem (To: Sallas Forest Strata Council 191010)\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#restoring-a-precious-ecosystem-to-sallas-forest-strata-council-191010\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The key takeaway from the web page is that the Sallas\nForest Strata Council discusses the importance of eradicating invasive\ndeer to restore the precious ecosystem of Sidney Island. The removal of\ninvasive deer is seen as a necessary step in achieving a biodiverse\necosystem that benefits both the island\u0026rsquo;s native species and its human\nresidents.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Sallas Forest Strata Council aims to restore the ecosystem of\nSidney Island by removing invasive deer, focusing on eradicating a\nsource of degradation to facilitate ecosystem recovery.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Council has partnered with Parks, which contributes resources and\nfunds towards restoration, including eradication of invasive plants\nlike hawthorn and broom.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvasive deer have been damaging the ecosystem by consuming a wide\nrange of plant species, reproducing rapidly, and causing\nhyper-abundance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIslands Trust, BC Wildlife Branch, and Parks Canada advocate for\neradication due to the negative impact of invasive deer on the\nisland\u0026rsquo;s ecosystem.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNative deer have co-evolved with the ecosystem and are protected,\nwhile invasive deer are considered pests and can be removed without\nrestrictions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDespite efforts like recreational hunting and volunteer captures, the\nmanagement of invasive deer has proven insufficient, leading to\npopulation increases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Council believes that eradication is essential for ecosystem\nrecovery, as evidenced by the increase in biomass, grasses, and a\nsoftened browse line after aggressive removal efforts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHowever, species diversity and recovery are still in progress, with\nmany shrubs, flowers, and small trees missing, which impacts wildlife\nand water retention.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEradication is crucial for the survival of various plant and tree\nspecies, supporting songbirds, pollinators, and overall species\ndiversity on the island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe supporters of eradication recognize that some residents value\nhunting and consuming fallow deer, and the decision may represent a\nloss to them.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Supporters of Eradication The following individuals, as\nundersigned, support the eradication of invasive deer:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 32, Susan MacLean\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 33, Roy Smitshoek \u0026amp; Janice McLeod\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 34, Phoebe Gilday \u0026amp; Mike Stask\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 40, Gaire \u0026amp; Lorraine MacLean\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 43, Michael Law \u0026amp; Carolyn Russell\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 44, Jeff \u0026amp; Debbie Paul\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 61, Russ \u0026amp; Marna Iwanson\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 62, John Mawdsley \u0026amp; Lisa Brattland\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLots 63 and 64, Mark Allison \u0026amp; Stephanie Holmquist\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 65, Peter, Penny \u0026amp; Sarah Pearse\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 67, Judith Fisher\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 68, Julia Hedley\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 72, Stan Semrau \u0026amp; Maureen McDonald\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLots 75 and 110, Ken \u0026amp; Val Poskitt\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 76, Bruce \u0026amp; Dianne Ledingham\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLots 98, 99 and 100, John Palmer\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLot 107, Mike Parfit \u0026amp; Suzanne Chisholm\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLots 128 and 129, Kirk \u0026amp; Rhonda Caza\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLots 132 and 133, Paul \u0026amp; Holly McNally\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"semi-automatic-assault-style-rifles-to-be-used-for-sidney-island-deer-kill\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.msn.com/en-ca/news/canada/semi-automatic-assault-style-rifles-to-be-used-for-sidney-island-deer-kill/ar-AA1k6CtE\"\u003eSemi-automatic assault style rifles to be used for Sidney Island deer kill\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#semi-automatic-assault-style-rifles-to-be-used-for-sidney-island-deer-kill\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The use of semi-automatic assault-style rifles is\napproved for a deer cull on Sidney Island, beginning on December 1. The\ncull is aimed at eliminating European fallow deer, an invasive species,\nbut will also result in the killing of native black-tailed deer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStart Date:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e The deer cull on Sidney Island is scheduled to\ncommence on December 1.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e Sharpshooters will employ semi-automatic\nassault-style rifles to cull the deer population. This will occur from\na helicopter, by land, and from boats.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuration:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e The cull, organized by Parks Canada, is expected to\nlast for 10 days.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eObjective:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e The primary goal is to eliminate European fallow\ndeer, recognized as an invasive species on Sidney Island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUnintended Consequence:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e Native black-tailed deer will also be\nkilled as part of the cull.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGeographical Context:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e Sidney Island is situated east of\nSidney, and it is just four kilometers away.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eParticipants:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e The cull involves property owners on Sidney\nIsland.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInvasive Species Focus:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e The emphasis is on eradicating\nEuropean fallow deer, indicating an environmental conservation effort.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFirearm Approval:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e The notable detail is the authorization of\nsemi-automatic assault-style rifles for the cull.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eParks Canada Involvement:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e The cull is organized and overseen\nby Parks Canada, suggesting a government-backed initiative.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, the cull on Sidney Island involves a comprehensive approach,\nincluding aerial, land, and marine methods, and aims to address the\nissue of invasive European fallow deer, although it comes with the\nunintended consequence of native deer casualties.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sidney-island-deer-eradication-aa\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.animalalliance.ca/sidney-island-deer-cull-eradication-parks-canada/\"\u003eSidney Island Deer Eradication AA\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sidney-island-deer-eradication-aa\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Parks Canada plans to eradicate fallow deer on Sidney\nIsland using aerial gunning, despite concerns from Animal Alliance of\nCanada regarding a conflict of interest in the procurement process, lack\nof accountability, and potential ecological damage. The organization\nadvocates for humane alternatives and transparency in the eradication\nprocess.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada is proceeding with a $6 million fallow deer eradication\nplan on Sidney Island using helicopter aerial gunning and ground\nhunting with dogs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnimal Alliance of Canada (AAC) is concerned about a potential\nconflict of interest in the procurement process, lack of\naccountability, and ecological damage resulting from eliminating all\ndeer on Sidney Island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAAC discovered through an Access to Information Request (ATIP) that a\ncontractor with financial interest was also the Chair of the steering\ncommittee overseeing the eradication options.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAAC raised concerns with the Office of the Procurement Ombudsman and\nthe Canadian International Trade Tribunal, but formal investigations\nwere not possible due to AAC not being a contract bidder.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAAC proposed observing the eradication process for transparency, but\nthis was rejected by Parks Canada.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada has misrepresented the project\u0026rsquo;s scope as only targeting\nintroduced European fallow deer, when the plan actually includes\neliminating all deer on the island, including native black-tailed\ndeer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAAC suggested a non-lethal option using immune contraceptives for\npopulation control, but Parks Canada opted for eradication.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAAC asserts that the entire process for deer eradication has been\nunethical and flawed and calls for transparency, accountability, and\nconsideration of humane alternatives.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada is seeking public input on the eradication process.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSidney Island, part of the Gulf Islands National Park, is targeted for\ndeer eradication through aerial gunning and dog-assisted hunting\ndespite concerns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFallow deer were introduced to nearby James Island in the early 1900s\nand migrated to Sidney Island, causing a peak population of around\n3000 in the early 2000s.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDespite a UBC report suggesting ecosystem improvement and an estimated\ncurrent population of 300, Parks Canada aims to eliminate the deer\npopulation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada allocated $5.9 million to contractors for eradication,\nsimilar to a 2018 project on Haida Gwaii.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcerned landowners formed the Sidney Island Deer Management Society\nto expose and challenge the eradication project.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAAC questions if humane options, like immuno-contraception, were\nconsidered and highlights the lack of scientific evidence for the\neradication.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada\u0026rsquo;s ecological restoration specialist contradicts the claim\nof excessive deer population and justifies eradication.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada\u0026rsquo;s narrative and cost estimates for eradication are\nchallenged by AAC.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDespite a failed vote, the eradication proposal passed due to a legal\nchallenge.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAAC continues to oppose the eradication, advocate for humane options,\nand work towards transparency and accountability.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContact information for Animal Alliance of Canada is provided for\nthose interested in supporting their efforts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sidney-island-deer-management-society\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://sidmsociety.com\"\u003eSidney Island Deer Management Society\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sidney-island-deer-management-society\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis site is an excellent resource for the Sidney Island Deer Issue. It\nis very organized and easy to get a good overview from, as well as find\ndetails!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe site provides an excellent analysis of the FOI request as well as\nspecific items such as the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"insurance-coverage\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInsurance coverage \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#insurance-coverage\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€œThe key to this is that we are not taking on the liability, we are\ntransferring liability to those who have insurance. This is limited in\nscope to Sallas landsā€\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"conflict-of-interest\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConflict of interest \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#conflict-of-interest\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCCā€™s Head of Global Affairs is the Chair of SIERP. In an email dated\nApril 6,2021 Parks Canada staff advice ā€œIf CC gains financially or\notherwise in some way from an approved eradication going forward, then\n[the Chair] should not be running the show ā€“ itā€™s a conflict of\ninterest.ā€ (Page 306)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChair writes the following: ā€œā€¦the numbers of deer on the Island have\nbeen reduced dramatically and the impacts of fallow deer are not really\nobvious and it is unlikely that the BENEFIT of eradication will be clear\non implementation.ā€ (Page 219)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003erelying on ownersā€™ vegetable gardens and arbutus saplings. (Page 219)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe long-term benefit of fallow deer removal to the biodiversity of\nSidney Island will depend on continued project support from Parks\nCanada, Sallas, and the public to maintain a deer free islandā€ Parks\nCanada questioned the long term sustainability of biosecurity. (Page\n187)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"ethics\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEthics \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ethics\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€œLethal Methods may only be used when an animalā€™s presence is an ongoing\nthreat to human health and safetyā€. (Page 389)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ean ecological restoration specialist for Parks Canada advises the\nfollowing: ā€œan ecosystem can support some number of fallow deer, we\ncould consider them naturalized (our italics) and work to maintain the\nspeciesā€\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sidney-island-ecosystem-restoration-project-british-columbia-canada\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://coastalconservation.ca/projects/sidney-island-ecosystem-restoration-project/\"\u003eSidney Island Ecosystem Restoration Project, British Columbia, Canada\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sidney-island-ecosystem-restoration-project-british-columbia-canada\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis page is from Coastal Conservation\u0026rsquo;s site and its contents are\nsummarized below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe removal of the invasive fallow deer is likely to have a significant\nimpact on Sidney Islandā€™s native wildlife and the island ecosystem as a\nwhole. !!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The introduction of non-native European fallow deer to\nSidney Island 70 years ago has led to overgrazing that negatively\nimpacts native plant species and federally designated Species at Risk.\nCoastal Conservation is collaborating with Gulf Islands National Park\nReserve and private landowners to investigate the feasibility of\neradicating these invasive deer for ecosystem restoration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSidney Island, located at the southern end of the Gulf Islands\narchipelago between Vancouver Island and mainland British Columbia,\nfaces the issue of overgrazing by non-native European fallow deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe introduced fallow deer have multiplied over the years, posing a\nsignificant threat to the native plants and animals on the island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe browsing and grazing activities of the invasive fallow deer have\nled to reduced habitat and food availability for forest birds and\ninsects, resulting in decreased species diversity and abundance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoastal Conservation is partnering with Gulf Islands National Park\nReserve and private landowners on Sidney Island to explore the\npossibility of removing the non-native fallow deer to mitigate the\nnegative impacts on the ecosystem.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe removal of the invasive fallow deer is expected to have several\npositive effects on the island\u0026rsquo;s ecosystem, including the\nreestablishment of native plants and plant communities, increased\nabundance and breeding of forest-dwelling birds, avian raptors, native\nsmall mammals, insects, amphibians, and reptiles, as well as the\nrestoration of ecosystem processes like nutrient cycling and\ndisturbance regimes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe collaboration between Coastal Conservation, Parks Canada, and\nother partners is working towards implementing the Sidney Island\nrestoration project to restore the island\u0026rsquo;s ecosystem and counter the\nimpact of the invasive species.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoastal Conservation is a group of experts with extensive knowledge in\nbiological systems and invasive species eradication, with a mission to\npromote the natural restoration of island ecosystems by removing\ninvasive species.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Note: The provided content was limited in scope. If more detailed\ninformation is available on the webpage, the summary can be further\nexpanded.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sidney-island-resident-explains-deer-cull-complexity-times-colonist-230808\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.timescolonist.com/opinion/comment-sidney-island-resident-explains-deer-cull-complexity-7378042\"\u003eSidney Island resident explains deer cull complexity (Times Colonist 230808)\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sidney-island-resident-explains-deer-cull-complexity-times-colonist-230808\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnly a few people in the world know how to do this with enough precision\nto be recognized as humane.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Expertise in humane culling of invasive mammals is\nrare, and only a few people in the world possess the necessary precision\nto carry out such culling recognized as humane. Parks Canada\u0026rsquo;s choice of\na specialized team for the deer cull aligns with their past successes.\nThe opposition to the cull is not solely based on animal welfare; a\nsmall group of sport hunters have also been actively opposing it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author, a documentary filmmaker and journalist residing on Sidney\nIsland, provides insights into the complexity of the deer culling\nissue.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada\u0026rsquo;s plan to remove invasive European fallow deer from\nSidney Island has sparked debate and conflict.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada is criticized for awarding the contract to a firm that\nhelped prepare the proposal, potentially creating a conflict of\ninterest. However, this is suggested to be a common practice in\nsituations where expertise is limited.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpertise in humane culling of invasive mammals is extremely rare, and\nonly a few individuals possess the necessary precision to perform it\nhumanely.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe team chosen by Parks Canada for the cull includes individuals who\nhave successfully worked on similar projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article challenges the notion that opposition to the cull is\nsolely rooted in animal welfare concerns; it highlights the role of a\nsmall group of sport hunters who oppose the cull to maintain abundant\ndeer populations for hunting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver the past two decades, a group of sport hunters on Sidney Island\nhave actively fought to keep deer numbers high while attempting to\nreduce them, leading to conflicts within the community.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article emphasizes that the culling of invasive species is a\nchallenging but necessary endeavor that can benefit the ecosystem,\nincluding native animals, plants, and traditional practices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndigenous leaders support the cull due to its potential positive\nimpact on the environment and native species.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author asserts that without the cull, there is a risk of returning\nto cycles of overpopulation, animal suffering, and ecosystem\ndegradation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSidney Island has the opportunity to become an example of a healthy\necosystem in British Columbia, demonstrating the benefits of\nwell-managed culls for preserving biodiversity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe article concludes by noting that the alternative to the cull would\nfavor a few passionate sport hunters and perpetuate ecological\nimbalances.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Note: The summary provides a comprehensive overview of the article\u0026rsquo;s\ncontent, covering the main points and key ideas presented.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sterilization-as-an-alternative-deer-control-technique-a-review\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://canuck.dnr.cornell.edu/research/pubs/pdf/sterile-review.pdf\"\u003eSterilization as an alternative deer control technique: a review\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sterilization-as-an-alternative-deer-control-technique-a-review\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Surgical sterilization of female white-tailed deer is\nexplored as an alternative technique for managing overabundant deer\npopulations in suburban areas, where conventional lethal removal methods\nmight be restricted due to legal, safety, or ethical concerns. This\napproach can help reduce deer-related damage to vegetation, ecosystems,\nand vehicles in communities willing to invest in the long-term costs of\nthe effort.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntroduction and Context:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhite-tailed deer populations in suburban areas pose challenges and\nnegative impacts on communities due to damage and conflicts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTraditional control methods, such as hunting and sharpshooting, face\nopposition based on various factors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSurgical Sterilization as an Alternative:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe study explores the use of surgical sterilization as a non-lethal\ntechnique for managing deer populations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResearch focuses on female deer sterilization since they are the\nprimary contributors to population growth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDifferent surgical methods, including tubal ligation, ovariectomy,\nand hysterectomy, have been employed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFactors Affecting Sterilization Efficacy:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe success of surgical sterilization depends on various factors,\nsuch as the percentage of the population treated, closed or insular\npopulation dynamics, and the potential for immigration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDifferent models predict varying levels of success, but they\ngenerally suggest the need for long-term efforts and significant\nsterilization rates to control population growth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eField Studies and Results:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeveral field studies have been conducted to test the practicality\nand effectiveness of surgical sterilization in reducing deer\npopulations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSterilization efforts have shown some success in reducing deer\nnumbers in localized areas, but factors such as winter conditions\nand population dynamics can impact outcomes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCosts and Challenges:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurgical sterilization is associated with significant costs,\nincluding veterinary expenses, pharmaceutical supplies, labor, and\nequipment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe cost per sterilization procedure can be over $1,000 per deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLong-term commitment and sustained efforts are required for\nsterilization programs to have a meaningful impact on deer\npopulations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecommendations and Considerations:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurgical sterilization may be a viable alternative in communities\nwilling to invest in non-lethal methods.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSuccess of the approach depends on factors like population dynamics,\nimmigration rates, and available resources.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCombining sterilization with other methods like hunting might be\nnecessary for effective population management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurgical sterilization of female deer can serve as an alternative\ntechnique for managing overabundant populations, especially in\nclosed or insular populations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHowever, it requires long-term commitment, careful consideration of\npopulation dynamics, and significant financial investment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch Priorities:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinued research is needed to refine surgical sterilization\ntechniques and assess their long-term impacts on deer populations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnderstanding factors that influence success, such as immigration\nrates and population closures, is crucial for effective\nimplementation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey Words:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003econtrol, human-wildlife conflicts, Odocoileus virginianus,\nsterilization, surgery, white-tailed deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Note: The summary provides a comprehensive overview of the main points\nfrom the web page content. It\u0026rsquo;s important to note that the content has\nbeen condensed and summarized for clarity and conciseness.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"the-role-of-education-curiosity-and-exploration-in-conservation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.raincoast.org/2022/05/the-story-of-coastal-douglas-fir-forests-the-role-of-education-curiosity-and-exploration-in-conservation/\"\u003eThe role of education, curiosity, and exploration in conservation\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-role-of-education-curiosity-and-exploration-in-conservation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Building a culture of conservation for Coastal\nDouglas-fir forests involves fostering a connection between humans and\nnature through education, experiential learning, and social support.\nIndigenous knowledge and practices, along with collaborative efforts,\nare integral to successful conservation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoastal Douglas-fir forests are complex ecosystems with intricate\nspecies relationships that have evolved over time. Prior to settler\narrival, First Nations nurtured these relationships, but colonization\nshifted humans away from these ecosystems.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada social scientist Stephanie Coulson emphasizes that\nrebuilding relationships between humans and nature is essential for\nestablishing a conservation culture.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEducation plays a vital role in instilling environmental empathy and\nconservation values. The quote \u0026ldquo;we will conserve only what we love, we\nwill love only what we understand, and we will understand only what we\nare taught\u0026rdquo; highlights the importance of education in conservation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnvironmental education programs can cultivate an\nenvironmentally-sensitive society and enhance love and optimism for\nthe future.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnvironmental education complements solitary and reflective time in\nnature, which is crucial for fostering curiosity, enlightenment, and\nchallenge.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccess to natural spaces, both structured and unstructured, is vital\nfor individuals to develop a conservation ethos.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSocial norms shaped by personal values and experiences in nature\ncontribute to a culture of conservation. Supporting new arrivals,\ncreating inclusive programs, and providing emotional support can help\nbuild this culture.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndigenous knowledge and practices are essential for establishing a\ntrue \u0026ldquo;culture of conservation.\u0026rdquo; Collaborative efforts involving\nIndigenous communities, government agencies, NGOs, and private\nlandowners are crucial for ecosystem-level conservation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCross-jurisdictional partnerships and the inclusion of social\nscientists alongside natural scientists are key to successful\ncollaborative conservation efforts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Note: The summary covers the main points of the web page content. The\ncontent includes insights from Stephanie Coulson, the role of education\nand environmental empathy, the importance of solitary time in nature,\nand the significance of Indigenous knowledge and collaborative efforts\nin establishing a conservation culture.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"too-many-decisions-being-driven-by-parks-department\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.vancouverislandfreedaily.com/opinion/letter-too-many-decisions-being-driven-by-parks-department/\"\u003eToo many decisions being driven by parks department\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#too-many-decisions-being-driven-by-parks-department\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Decisions in Saanich are predominantly driven by the\nparks department, leading to controversial measures like leashing dogs\nto protect flora and exterminating deer to preserve the environment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIssue Overview:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere is a growing concern about decisions driven by the parks\ndepartment in Saanich.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eControversial actions include leashing dogs to preserve local flora\nand exterminating deer on Sidney Island to protect the environment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eArgument Against Parks Department Influence:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author criticizes the parks department for prioritizing the\nprotection of dandelions over the well-being of local fauna and the\nfreedom of dogs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author argues that the attempt to control nature is flawed and\nsuggests a more fluid approach, acknowledging the natural cycle of\nspecies evolution.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExtreme Measures and Satirical Proposal:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author employs satire by suggesting that if the logic is\nextended, cities should be demolished, and all human-made structures\nlike sidewalks, parking lots, and roads should be removed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis is presented as an exaggeration to highlight the perceived\nextremity of the parks department\u0026rsquo;s decisions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNature\u0026rsquo;s Adaptability:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author emphasizes the natural process of evolution, stating that\nwhen one species of flora is removed, another naturally takes its\nplace.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImplies that interference, especially drastic measures, may not be\nnecessary as nature has its way of balancing itself.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCall to Rethink Park Department\u0026rsquo;s Role:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe letter concludes with a critique of the parks department,\nclaiming that virtually every decision in Saanich is driven by this\nentity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe author suggests a need to reconsider the role of the parks\ndepartment in municipal policy-making.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor\u0026rsquo;s Identity:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe letter is signed by Doug Coulson from Saanich, indicating a\nlocal resident\u0026rsquo;s perspective on the issue.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdditional Information:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe web page includes links to other news articles and sections such\nas podcasts, videos, sports, weather, and trending topics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe publication date is November 15, 2023.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis letter to the editor expresses dissatisfaction with the parks\ndepartment\u0026rsquo;s influence on decision-making in Saanich, using satire and\narguments centered around the balance of nature and the perceived\noverreach in controlling local flora and fauna.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"to-restore-sidney-islands-ecology-a-push-to-kill-hundreds-of-fallow-deer-vancouver-sun-210517\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/to-restore-sidney-islands-ecology-a-push-to-kill-hundreds-of-fallow-deer\"\u003eTo restore Sidney Islandā€™s ecology, a push to kill hundreds of fallow deer (Vancouver Sun 210517)\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#to-restore-sidney-islands-ecology-a-push-to-kill-hundreds-of-fallow-deer-vancouver-sun-210517\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA coalition of First Nations, property owners and Parks Canada is\nplanning a ā€œfinal eradicationā€ of the invasive species that will see up\nto 500 of the animals rounded up and killed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway A coalition involving First Nations, property owners,\nand Parks Canada aims to eliminate up to 500 European fallow deer on\nSidney Island, as they have been detrimental to the island\u0026rsquo;s ecology and\nnative plant species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe coalition, comprising First Nations, property owners, and Parks\nCanada, plans to eradicate European fallow deer to restore Sidney\nIsland\u0026rsquo;s ecology.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFallow deer were introduced to James Island in 1902 for hunting and\nlater moved to Sidney Island in the 1960s.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe deer\u0026rsquo;s population grew to thousands, causing damage to native\nplant species and ecosystems.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDespite previous efforts to control their numbers, a final eradication\nof the deer is being considered for the fall of 2022.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada leads the initiative, along with the WĢ±SƁNEĆ Leadership\nCouncil, Islands Trust Conservancy, and island residents.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe plan requires majority strata owner approval, with the goal of\nrestoring native plants and aiding ecosystem recovery.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFirst Nations also seek to return the island to its natural state,\npreserving ancestral sites and native species.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe eradication process would involve humane methods, such as netting,\npenning, and possibly hunting dogs or helicopters.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe BCSPCA acknowledges the ecological intent of the project but\nawaits a full review before taking a position.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParks Canada intends to restore native plants and prevent deer from\nreturning to the island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA camera system monitors fallow deer movement to and from Mayne\nIsland, where the deer population has grown due to escapees from\nfarms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe proposed cull aims to avoid continued hunting and maintain\necological balance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Note: The summary captures the main points from the web page content,\nfocusing on the key aspects of the situation and the proposed\neradication plan.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"urban-deer-in-greater-victoria-community-to-be-put-on-birth-control\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/urban-deer-birth-control-1.6147200\"\u003eUrban deer in Greater Victoria community to be put on birth control\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#urban-deer-in-greater-victoria-community-to-be-put-on-birth-control\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway Esquimalt, a community in Greater Victoria, is\nadopting a contraceptive vaccine approach to control the population of\nurban deer, following the success of a similar project in nearby Oak\nBay. This method aims to reduce the number of breeding deer and manage\ntheir population more effectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEsquimalt is implementing a birth control strategy for its urban deer\npopulation, inspired by a project in Oak Bay, to reduce their numbers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUrban deer have become a contentious issue on Vancouver Island due to\ndamage to landscaping, potential spread of Lyme disease, and risks to\nvehicles.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJason Fisher, an adjunct professor at the University of Victoria, is\nleading the Esquimalt Deer Research project, mirroring Oak Bay\u0026rsquo;s 2019\nproject.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Oak Bay project, which provided contraceptives to deer, succeeded\nin reducing breeding numbers. The vaccinated deer will receive booster\nshots in the upcoming season.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApproximately 60 to 80 female deer in Esquimalt will receive a\ncontraceptive vaccine. These deer will be tagged and monitored through\nremote cameras to assess the project\u0026rsquo;s effectiveness.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe birth control approach aims to significantly decrease pregnancy\nrates among does, with expectations that about 90% of treated does\nwon\u0026rsquo;t have calves.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe initiative emerged after an unsuccessful cull attempt in Oak Bay.\nThe alternative of bringing in hunters proved challenging due to the\nneed to trap and euthanize the deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis contraceptive method is preferred over mass culling, as removal\nof deer from an area leads to the influx of new deer, filling the\nvacant territories.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe objective is to achieve a stable deer population through\ncontraception, preventing new individuals from overwhelming the area.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEsquimalt\u0026rsquo;s project is part of ongoing research to ensure its\neffectiveness in managing urban deer populations sustainably.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[End of Report]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"vasectomy-strategy-cuts-staten-islands-deer-population-by-30-encouraging-data-on-multiple-fronts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.silive.com/news/2022/12/vasectomy-strategy-cuts-staten-islands-deer-population-by-30-encouraging-data-on-multiple-fronts.html\"\u003eVasectomy strategy cuts Staten Islandā€™s deer population by 30%; encouraging data on multiple fronts\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#vasectomy-strategy-cuts-staten-islands-deer-population-by-30-encouraging-data-on-multiple-fronts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Key Takeaway The vasectomy program implemented in Staten Island\nover the past six years has led to a 30% decrease in the deer\npopulation, resulting in positive effects on factors such as fawn\nbirths, Lyme disease cases, and motor vehicle collisions with deer.\nHowever, there are differing opinions among officials regarding the\neffectiveness of the program and the need for potential new strategies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA vasectomy program introduced six years ago in Staten Island has\nresulted in a 30% reduction in the deer population, with the\nDepartment of Parks and Recreation estimating the current deer count\nat 1,452 compared to around 2,053 in 2016.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBorough President Vito Fossella is optimistic about the program\u0026rsquo;s\nimpact on the deer population, anticipating further significant\nreductions in the coming years.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe reduction in fawn births has also been notable, with nearly 90%\nfewer fawn births reported.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCouncilmanDavid Carr acknowledges the positive trends in population\nand birth rates but raises concerns about the time it will take for\nthe deer population to diminish fully and the associated risks like\nvehicular collisions and Lyme Disease.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData indicates a decline in Lyme disease cases, with fewer cases\nreported in recent years, attributed to the reduction in deer\npopulation and fewer ticks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMotor vehicle collisions with deer have dropped in the past five\nyears, with a noticeable decline starting in 2020, potentially linked\nto a change in NYPD policy regarding reporting non-injurious\ncollisions involving deer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome officials, including Councilman Joe Borelli, express skepticism\nabout the effectiveness of the vasectomy program and suggest exploring\nnew approaches to managing the deer population.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWildlife biologist Dr. Paul Curtis from Cornell University suggests\nthat for a meaningful reduction in interactions with deer, a larger\nreduction in the deer population would be needed than what has been\nachieved so far.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe vasectomy program has faced criticism from some experts and\nofficials who argue that other strategies, including female\nsterilization, might be more effective in reducing the deer\npopulation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe overall impact of the program on vegetation remains relatively\nstable, with around 39% of local deer-affected vegetation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRequests for deer carcass removal from the Department of Sanitation\nhave increased, indicating more interaction between residents and\ndeer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDespite the positive outcomes, there is debate about whether the\nvasectomy program is the most cost-effective approach to managing the\ndeer population on Staten Island.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are varying opinions on the program\u0026rsquo;s success, with some\nofficials calling for new strategies to address the ongoing challenges\nposed by the deer population.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: The report provides a comprehensive summary of the web page\ncontent, covering key points related to the vasectomy program\u0026rsquo;s impact\non the deer population in Staten Island and its effects on various\nfactors such as birth rates, Lyme disease cases, motor vehicle\ncollisions, and opinions from different officials and experts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"wildlife-contraception-and-political-cuisinarts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-36822-7_19\"\u003eWildlife Contraception and Political Cuisinarts\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#wildlife-contraception-and-political-cuisinarts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis chapter describes how cultural perspectives, political agendas and\npurposeful ignorance influenced the development of valid, effective and\nhumane techniques for wildlife population control. The concept of\nwildlife contraception was introduced in the 1970s and grew slowly but\nsteadily to the present where it is a well-used management tool.\nHowever, the path for this endeavor was littered with many human-placed\nboulders weighted by inertia and obstructive self-interest. Various\npeople and organizations were able to place these boulders often behind\nthe veil of group-diffused anonymity. The two best examples for\nexamination of this process lie in the development of contraception for\nwild horses and for urban deer. These will be the focus of this\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.timescolonist.com/local-news/conflict-of-interest-concern-raised-for-sidney-island-deer-cull-contract-7366573chapter\"\u003ehttps://www.timescolonist.com/local-news/conflict-of-interest-concern-raised-for-sidney-island-deer-cull-contract-7366573chapter\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Animal Justice", "date_published": "2023-08-06T12:08:59-07:00", "date_modified": "2023-08-06T12:08:59-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/animal-justice/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/animal-justice/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAnimal Justice is in our opinion the best thing that\u0026rsquo;s happened to\nanimal rights in Canada! They are making sure that animals have a legal\nvoice with a team of lawyers and advocates.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal Justice\u0026rsquo;s mission statement from their\n\u003ca href=\"https://animaljustice.ca/about-us\"\u003eAbout-Us\u003c/a\u003e page reads:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe believe that animals need lawyers, and our legal team works to\nprotect animals from cruelty and neglect. Canada has some of the worst\nanimal protection laws in the Western world, and our mission is to\noverhaul the legal system to better reflect our countryā€™s values of\ncompassion and justice for all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe dedicated people are action-oriented taking to task unscrupulous\nattempts by animal abusers to cover up their crimes (eg \u003ca href=\"https://animaljustice.ca/?s=gag+law\"\u003egag\nlaws\u003c/a\u003e) and brings\n\u003ca href=\"https://animaljustice.ca/category/exposes\"\u003eoffenses\u003c/a\u003e to the public eye\nā€¦ and to court!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey hold the important \u003ca href=\"https://www.canadiananimallawconference.ca\"\u003eCanadian Animal Law\nConference\u003c/a\u003e in conjunction\nwith Faculties of Law and even have a \u003ca href=\"https://animaljustice.ca/students\"\u003estudent\nprogram\u003c/a\u003e to prepare the next\ngeneration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn up-to-date \u003ca href=\"https://animaljustice.ca/category/blog\"\u003eblog\u003c/a\u003e provides\nthe latest news on animal issues and their free online advocacy training\nprogram known as the \u003ca href=\"https://training.animaljusticeacademy.com/homepage\"\u003eAnimal Justice\nAcademy\u003c/a\u003e helps to\ndevelop and support those who try to make this world a better place.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal Justice furthers what is the most important matter humanity has\nalways and ever faced, that of how we behave towards the vulnerable, for\ntherein lies our species\u0026rsquo; destiny.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Netricks", "date_published": "2023-08-05T11:53:00-07:00", "date_modified": "2023-08-05T11:53:00-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/netricks/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/netricks/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHere are some useful things that can enhance your net efforts with\nwebsites, email, aibots, and more!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"mailto\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003emailto \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#mailto\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe mailto directive can greatly facilitate the emailing process and is\nusually used on contact forms on a webpage. The technique can also be\nused in actual emails that html formatted.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe mailto is quite simple to setup using basic html:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-html\" data-lang=\"html\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003ehref\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;mailto:username@domain-name.top-level-domain\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eusername might be something like \u003cstrong\u003eprad.e.ception\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edomain-name might be \u003cstrong\u003egithubris\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etop-level-domain could be items like \u003cstrong\u003ecom\u003c/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eorg\u003c/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003einfo\u003c/strong\u003e, etc\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow we provide several examples demonstrating various situations\ninvolving mailto.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"no-mailto\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNo mailto \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#no-mailto\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet\u0026rsquo;s start with what most people do because they do not know any html\nwhatsoever. They will put something like this in an email or webpage:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHey! Email me here: \u003ca href=\"mailto:prad.e.ceptor@githubris.info\"\u003eprad.e.ceptor@githubris.info\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell that\u0026rsquo;s fine, but if you want to email prad, you have to copy and\npaste that email address into your email client (eg gmail, outlook,\nevolution, mutt, notmuch or whatever you use). Such an effort could be\ntoo much for some and poor prad would never hear from them!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"simplest-mailto\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSimplest mailto \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#simplest-mailto\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo to make things more efficient we can enclose the email inside a\nmailto code like this:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-html\" data-lang=\"html\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003eHey! Email me \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003ehref\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;mailto:prad.e.ceptor@githubris.info\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003ehere\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e!!\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe above code produces the following clickable link:\u003cbr\u003e\nHey! Email me \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"prad.e.ceptor@githubris.info\" alt=\"prad.e.ceptor@githubris.info\"\u003e\n\n!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can just click on the \u003cstrong\u003ehere\u003c/strong\u003e link and the email will be produced\nby your email client all set to go! Give it a try, but don\u0026rsquo;t send it\nbecause that email address isn\u0026rsquo;t a real one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"throw-in-a-subject\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThrow in a subject \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#throw-in-a-subject\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuppose you want people to contact you for a specific reason. Rather\nthan having them fill in the subject field of the email, you can do it\nfor them, like this:\u003cbr\u003e\n#+begin_src\u003c/sub\u003e html Hey! Email me \u0026lt;a\nhref=\u0026quot;\u003ca href=\"mailto:prad.e.ceptor@githubris.info?subject=Tell\"\u003emailto:prad.e.ceptor@githubris.info?subject=Tell\u003c/a\u003e\nme about physics\u0026quot;\u0026gt;here\u0026lt;/a\u0026gt; about physics!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou will get the following clickable link:\u003cbr\u003e\nHey! Email me\n[here](mailto:prad.e.ceptor@githubris.info?subject=Tell me about physics!)\nabout physics!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYa the \u003cstrong\u003ehere\u003c/strong\u003e link looks the same, but it isn\u0026rsquo;t! Try it and see what\nhappens!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"email-more-than-one-recipient\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEmail more than one recipient \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#email-more-than-one-recipient\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet\u0026rsquo;s send that email to not just prad, but also copy (cc:) it to\n\u003ca href=\"mailto:brad@copycater.com\"\u003ebrad@copycater.com\u003c/a\u003e, and blind copy (bcc:) it to\n\u003ca href=\"mailto:clad@cheapoutfittings.org\"\u003eclad@cheapoutfittings.org\u003c/a\u003e (understand that none of the emails exist, so\nif you are a spammer, you\u0026rsquo;ll be disappointed!):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-html\" data-lang=\"html\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003eHey! Email us all \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003ehref\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;mailto:prad.e.ceptor@githubris.info?subject=Tell me about physics!\u0026amp;cc=brad@copycater.com\u0026amp;bcc=clad@cheapoutfittings.org\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003ehere\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e, ok!!\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eYou get to click the same looking \u003cstrong\u003ehere\u003c/strong\u003e link, but it\u0026rsquo;s not the\nsame:\u003cbr\u003e\nHey! Email us all\n[here](mailto:prad.e.ceptor@githubris.info?subject=Tell me about \u003ca href=\"mailto:physics!\u0026amp;cc=brad@copycater.com\"\u003ephysics!\u0026amp;cc=brad@copycater.com\u003c/a\u003e\u0026amp;bcc=clad@cheapoutfittings.org),\nok!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can keep adding to the cc: (or bcc:) fields by separating them with\nthe rather cryptic %2C%20 (where %2C is really a comma, and %20 is\nreally a space). A simple comma may work, but this sort of stuff can get\nmessy!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt doesn\u0026rsquo;t have to though, because you can use \u003cstrong\u003emailto creating tools\u003c/strong\u003e\nsuch as this \u003ca href=\"https://mailtolinkgenerator.com\"\u003emailto-link-generator\u003c/a\u003e\nwhich will make the job easy!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"a-real-opportunity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eA real opportunity! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#a-real-opportunity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet\u0026rsquo;s use the mailto-link-generator for a worthy cause!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe dynamic group \u003ca href=\"https://animaljustice.ca\"\u003eAnimal Justice\u003c/a\u003e is working\nto hold companies that sell eggs from caged hens accountable for such\ncruelty! One of these companies, The Second Cup, had promised to go\ncage-free, but is apparently reneging on that commitment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet\u0026rsquo;s use the mailto-link-generator and send an email to The Second Cup\ndepartments, specifically:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeneral Consumer Inquiries - \u003ca href=\"mailto:rewards@secondcup.com\"\u003erewards@secondcup.com\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarketing - \u003ca href=\"mailto:marketing@secondcup.com\"\u003emarketing@secondcup.com\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFranchising - \u003ca href=\"mailto:franchising@secondcup.com\"\u003efranchising@secondcup.com\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe subject will be\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGo Cage Free!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe message (you can indeed include the body text!) will be somewhat\nterse for there is no reason to be excessively nice to exploitative\noppressors:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat happened to your promise to animal welfare! Your website stated\nthat you were ensuring your products would be made with 100% cage-free\neggs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow, that sentence has been deleted from the website!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is still stated on your website that The Second Cup is committed to\nanimal welfare and to ensuring that your suppliers\u0026rsquo; policies and\npractices align with your values.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo which is it? Are you going cage-free or not?!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a consumer, I want to know whether I will spend my money at a\nseller who keeps promises, or relegate to the cellar, one who breaks\nthem!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAre you ready?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGo to the \u003ca href=\"https://mailtolinkgenerator.com\"\u003emailto-link-generator\u003c/a\u003e and\n\u003cstrong\u003estart filling\u003c/strong\u003e in the fields:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo field: \u003ca href=\"mailto:rewards@secondcup.com\"\u003erewards@secondcup.com\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCc field: \u003ca href=\"mailto:marketing@secondcup.com\"\u003emarketing@secondcup.com\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"mailto:franchising@secondcup.com\"\u003efranchising@secondcup.com\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubject field: Go Cage Free!!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMessage field: copy and paste the above message or type up your own.\n(Sign it with your name.)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLink text field: Email The Second Cup\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen \u003cstrong\u003epress the Generate button\u003c/strong\u003e and you\u0026rsquo;ll see your mailto link and\neven the entire html code which you can insert into an html email\nmessage or a webpage respectively. You can click on the Copy buttons to\ngrab the code and use it like this:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Email The Second\nCup](mailto:rewards@secondcup.com?cc=marketing@secondcup.com, \u003ca href=\"mailto:franchising@secondcup.com\"\u003efranchising@secondcup.com\u003c/a\u003e\u0026amp;subject=Go%20Cage%20Free!!\u0026amp;body=What%20happened%20to%20your%20commitment%20to%20animal%20welfare!%20Your%20website%20stated%20that%20you%20were%20ensuring%20your%20products%20would%20be%20made%20with%20100%25%20cage-free%20eggs.%0A%0ANow%2C%20that%20sentence%20has%20been%20deleted%20from%20the%20website!%0A%0AIt%20is%20still%20stated%20on%20your%20website%20that%20Second%20Cup%20is%20committed%20to%20animal%20welfare%20and%20to%20ensuring%20that%20your%20suppliers\u0026rsquo;%20policies%20and%20practices%20align%20with%20your%20values.%0A%0ASo%20which%20is%20it%3F%20Are%20you%20going%20cage-free%20or%20not%3F!%0A%0AAs%20a%20consumer%2C%20I%20want%20to%20know%20whether%20I%20will%20spend%20my%20money%20at%20a%20seller%20who%20keeps%20promises%20or%20should%20be%20relegated%20to%20the%20cellar%20for%20breaking%20them!)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClick on the above link and see what your email client prepares for you!\nThen send it to The Second Cup, so they have no doubt that we are\nwatching them!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"want-to-know-more\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWant to know more? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#want-to-know-more\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou now have enough mailto knowledge to be dangerous!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you want to go further into this, try these links:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://mailtrap.io/blog/mailto-links-explained/\"\u003eMailto HTML Links\nExplained\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.w3docs.com/snippets/html/how-to-create-mailto-links.html\"\u003eHow to Create Mailto\nLinks\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOr if you are a I-don\u0026rsquo;t-read-the-book-so-show-me-the-movie type, watch\naway:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/XGmPSB2TscY?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e" }, { "title": "Mastering Emacs", "date_published": "2023-08-01T11:53:07-07:00", "date_modified": "2023-08-01T11:53:07-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/computing/mastering-emacs/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/computing/mastering-emacs/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/\"\u003eGNU Emacs\u003c/a\u003e is one of the most\namazing pieces of software ever created and is the editor of our choice.\nMickey Petersen has done an excellent job presenting an education on\nemacs to anyone - novice or guru!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book not only provides useful tips and keybindings, it encourages\none to develop a philosophy of editing incorporating theory and\ntechnique. The book\u0026rsquo;s \u003ca href=\"https://www.masteringemacs.org\"\u003esite\u003c/a\u003e also has a\nseries of \u003ca href=\"https://www.masteringemacs.org/all-articles\"\u003earticles\u003c/a\u003e, an\nintelligent \u003ca href=\"https://www.masteringemacs.org/reading-guide\"\u003ereading\nguide\u003c/a\u003e, and even Mickey\u0026rsquo;s\nown \u003ca href=\"https://www.masteringemacs.org/my-emacs-packages\"\u003elist of packages\u003c/a\u003e\nto use with emacs! Mickey is a generous and approachable individual who\nprovides a most appropriately cryptic method of contacting him in the\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.masteringemacs.org/about\"\u003eabout section\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith more than 2 decades of emacsing, we have found Mickey\u0026rsquo;s book to be\nenlightening as have many others:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMastering Emacs is the single best book on Emacs that I know of. It\ntells you what you need to know, and what you didn\u0026rsquo;t know you needed\nto know, and it does it clearly and comprehensibly. I am now on\nversion 4 of this work which is updated regularly with each new major\nversion. I find something new to try every time I pick it up. This is\na good book for helping the beginner to get started, and a great book\nfor helping the more advanced user to discover new tools and\nopportunities. - Britt Anderson\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI think that Mastering Emacs is the easiest and clearest way to get\nstarted with Emacs. It\u0026rsquo;s a very easy read and is super well\nstructured. I read it cover to cover in one afternoon and couldn\u0026rsquo;t put\nit down (well aside from when I need to free both hands to try some\nkeybindings). - Adrien Brochard\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI started using Emacs a year and a half ago by taking the \u0026lsquo;Emacs\npledge\u0026rsquo; ā€”no other editor until I would get comfortable with Emacs.\nYour book was there from the start, and the tremendously inspired\nchapter 2 \u0026lsquo;The Way of Emacs\u0026rsquo; alone is worth a whole manual. It\u0026rsquo;s what\ngave me a taste of what Emacs can be, before I could experience it\nmyself. The rest of the book is just the gold standard for this kind\nof resources: a thoughtful selection of topics, explained in a way\nthat encourages the reader to explore on their own. - Enrico Flor\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCheckout more kudos in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.masteringemacs.org/book-testimonials\"\u003ebook-testimonials\nsection\u003c/a\u003e!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd buy the book even if you don\u0026rsquo;t use emacs! Take your first step\ntoward making the world a better place!!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Hacking the Fireworks Firewall", "date_published": "2023-06-30T15:17:55-07:00", "date_modified": "2023-06-30T15:17:55-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/hacking-the-fireworks-firewall/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/hacking-the-fireworks-firewall/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eFireworks are a severe problem for many: wildlife, farm animals, pets,\npeople with PTSD and anxiety. They are seen by some as a traditional\nand/or cultural means of celebration. Hence, jurisdictions often allow\nsuch activities which are a blatant abuse of an individual\u0026rsquo;s basic\nrights.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis document was created after a discussion on 2023-06-29 with Rob\nHarris who is one of the CVRD officers that respond to illegal fireworks\ndischarge. He kindly explained the process for dealing with complaints\nmade to the CVRD. Other jurisdictions likely have very similar\nmechanisms and situations. Rob also made several insightful comments\nregarding the necessity for neighborhood education.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThroughout the article, we reference links to illustrate salient points.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"pilgrims-process\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePilgrim\u0026rsquo;s Process \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pilgrims-process\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost people know that \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/legalities/\"\u003ewe have\nlaws\u003c/a\u003e.\nWhat they do not know is the process by which a law is enforced. An\nunderstanding of this process by the neophyte goes a long way to\nfacilitate enforcement of those laws. In the CVRD, it is against the law\nto sell fireworks, and one needs a permit to set them off. Everyone\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t follow the law though.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are only 3 officers that patrol the CVRD\u0026rsquo;s \u003ca href=\"https://cvrd.ca/60/About-CVRD\"\u003e9 electoral\nareas\u003c/a\u003e consisting of a population of over\n31,000. It is not an easy job.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we call the bylaw enforcement number (250-746-2655) to report a\nviolation, we need to do a bit more than exclaim \u0026ldquo;Yo! I hear fireworks\nsomewhere towards the east and it\u0026rsquo;s driving me bleeping bonkers!!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile officers can be sympathetic, in order to spring into action, they\nreally require something more tangible, such as the name of the\nviolating person(s) or an address where the transgression is taking\nplace.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving that information allows the officer to question the suspect who\nwill either confess to committing the crime or deny any wrongdoing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the former case, the officer can simply ticket the individual who\nwill be charged according to the law (and having been identified for\nposterity, will likely not want to pay a fine again).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the denial situation, the officer requires some evidence such as\nfresh fireworks fodder or the statement of a witness for the matter to\nbe taken to court.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"a-ban-done-fireworks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eA Ban Done Fireworks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#a-ban-done-fireworks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet\u0026rsquo;s be clear on why we need a ban on fireworks. A ban puts the law on\nour side!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving the law on your side goes a long way to ending fireworks, because\nmost people will obey a law that is just. Most people appreciate the\nnecessity of maintaining an orderly and safe neighborhood. If a law is\ndesigned to promote such an environment, most people will obey that law.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance, we do not rob banks because there is a law that\nessentially says we \u003ca href=\"http://www.criminalnotebook.ca/index.php/Robbery_(Offence)\"\u003eshould not rob\nbanks\u003c/a\u003e. Our\nsubsequent exemplary behavior has little to do with the actual\nenforcement of this law. The law aligns with a standard of proper\nconduct and most people abide by it, even if they think they can avoid\nthe consequences.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ickybad-ickybad\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIckyBad! IckyBad! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ickybad-ickybad\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is no glory to insisting that something worthwhile cannot be done.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the arguments against a ban is that it would be very \u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/news/cvrd-favours-fireworks-ban-but-worried-about-practicality/\"\u003edifficult\nto\nenforce\u003c/a\u003e.\nThis is an impotent attitude which does not seem to understand that\nenforcement is not the key issue. A law can have an effect regardless of\nwhether it is enforced or not - just as in chess a threat can be more\ninfluential than its execution. Nor does the law need to be exhaustively\napplied. We don\u0026rsquo;t catch all the bank robbers, but catching some of them\ncertainly serves as a deterrent for the ambitious few who may be\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2022/06/30/need-a-lot-of-money-fast-dont-rob-a-bank.html\"\u003elooking for a career\nchange\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother misguided manueuvre is to incorrectly blame others for one\u0026rsquo;s\nstate of misfortune. Hence, some feel we will get nowhere with the\npresent lamentable situation because those Indigenous are selling the\nfireworks. What is overlooked here is that even if those Indigenous\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t sell the fireworks, they still could be purchased online as well\nas from a variety of non-Indigenous sources!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, when some get tired of blaming the Indigenous, they turn to\nblaming the enforcement officers for not doing their job, without\nactually thinking about how difficult that job really is! Enforcement\nofficers are not uncaring, apathetic individuals. They can only do so\nmuch given the resources and they deserve our support, cooperation, and\nencouragement - not merely our complaints about the fireworks or them!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we chain our posteriors to the problems, we will never get up to\nreach the solutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"charge-of-the-right-brigade\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCharge of the Right Brigade \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#charge-of-the-right-brigade\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe biggest hurdle to overcome is not the selling of fireworks or the\ninability of 3 officers to police 31,000 individuals!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe real problem lies on two fronts: the ignorance of those discharging\nfireworks, \u0026ldquo;the bangbang\u0026rdquo; (not to be confused with an expressive\nclassical pianist, by the way) and the tolerance of the victims, \u0026ldquo;the\nmeek\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe bangbang are not necessarily inconsiderate so much as they are\nsimply uninformed. Many of them just do not know the irritation and even\ntrauma their \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/problems-and-solutions/\"\u003e\u0026lsquo;celebrations\u0026rsquo; cause\nothers\u003c/a\u003e.\nSome are animal lovers and would be horrified to learn they are harming\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.pentictonherald.ca/news/article_fefa37da-1445-11ee-9492-573d0f03e361.html\"\u003ewildlife\u003c/a\u003e\nor\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.vicnews.com/news/victoria-residents-ask-council-for-fireworks-ban-due-to-impact-on-pets/\"\u003epets\u003c/a\u003e.\nSome are fine individuals who just haven\u0026rsquo;t thought about the effect\ntheir activities are having on \u003ca href=\"https://fireworkcampaign.com/2022/11/06/fireworks-are-not-inclusive-and-outdated-in-a-modern-society/\"\u003efellow\nneighbors\u003c/a\u003e.\nSome are even environmentally conscious, but haven\u0026rsquo;t realized that\n\u003ca href=\"https://earth.org/environmental-impact-of-fireworks/\"\u003efireworks leave behind toxic\ndebris\u003c/a\u003e that\ncannot be recycled.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe meek, on the other hand, are too complacent. They have indoctrinated\nthemselves to think fireworks are just a part of life we put up with. It\nis what it is!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOr is it?!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA \u003ca href=\"https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/glossary/harm-principle\"\u003etenet of civilized\nsociety\u003c/a\u003e is\nthat each law-abiding member should be safe from harm. Each individual\nhas the right to live free from damaging pollution, be it deafening\nnoise, blinding light, or noxious toxicity. No individual should be\nexpected to forsake those rights and endlessly endure improper behavior\nfrom others!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you accept the above principle, then realize the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eIt is not your responsibility to be tirelessly tolerant. It is the\nresponsibility of those who violate your basic rights to stop their\nboorish behavior!\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFences may make good neighbors, but offences certainly create bad ones!\nAnd fireworks are an offence no different from \u003ca href=\"https://www.blogto.com/city/2023/05/people-got-stupid-fireworks-toronto-victoria-day/\"\u003ewild\npartying\u003c/a\u003e\nor \u003ca href=\"https://globalnews.ca/news/8347950/vancouver-halloween-fireworks-cost/\"\u003eproperty\ndamage\u003c/a\u003e\nor\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/video/video-delta-police-investigating-fireworks-involved-assaults-after-halloween-gathering/\"\u003ehooliganism\u003c/a\u003e.\nThese are not things to accept. They are unethical behaviors to call\nout, vigorously oppose, and permanently extinguish!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-meek-shall-speak\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe meek shall speak! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-meek-shall-speak\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the things the CVRD encourages is to politely \u003ca href=\"https://www.cvrd.ca/2667/Fireworks-Permits-Safety\"\u003etalk to your\nneighbors\u003c/a\u003e and build\nan awareness of the damage fireworks cause.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCivilized people are also considerate. They do not want to do things\nthat directly harm those that live around them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBuilding a neighborhood awareness that fireworks are not wanted and \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/problems-and-solutions/#headline-1\"\u003ethe\nreasons\nwhy\u003c/a\u003e\nare key here. We have \u003ca href=\"http://blockparent.ca/program.htm\"\u003eBlock Parents\u003c/a\u003e\nand \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neighborhood_watch\"\u003eNeighborhood\nWatch\u003c/a\u003e. These\ninitiatives make it very clear that certain behaviors are unacceptable\nand will not be tolerated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFireworks are no different. Such harmful behaviors should not be allowed\nto hide under the guise of celebration, subterfuge of cultural\ntradition, or panacea of personal enjoyment, when clearly they create a\nmajor problem for so many others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is therefore the task of those who do not want fireworks, to speak up\nagainst them. We need to let the politicians know through\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/resources/#Sample-Letters-for-Ban\"\u003eletters\u003c/a\u003e\nand\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/presenting-to-politicians/\"\u003epresentations\u003c/a\u003e\nthat we want fireworks to be banned! We also need to let our fellow\nneighbors know through courteous, but uncompromising communications that\nfireworks discharge is in reality a most hurtful activity to the\ncommunity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoing so maybe the most effective form of enforcement there is!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Going and Coming Back", "date_published": "2023-06-27T22:25:06-07:00", "date_modified": "2023-06-27T22:25:06-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/going-and-coming-back/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/going-and-coming-back/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is a story we often tell to those who feel they have suffered a\nloss of a loved one of any species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen my son Kyron was about 7, he and I were having a discussion\nconcerning death. Suddenly he said, \u0026ldquo;If you don\u0026rsquo;t go, you can\u0026rsquo;t come\nback.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was a surprising moment because we had never broached the subject of\nreincarnation before. Then again, the young have left the source of\nwisdom more recently, so perhaps these things are still fresh in their\nminds and hearts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince we rescue animals (including the humanoid kind), we are constantly\nhaving to say good-bye, but we find it interesting that repeatedly those\nwho leave, seem to re-appear within the personalities of those who\nhaven\u0026rsquo;t left.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo always keep watch, because I don\u0026rsquo;t think any being who is cherished\never goes too far away.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Presenting to Politicians", "date_published": "2023-06-18T14:39:51-07:00", "date_modified": "2023-06-18T14:39:51-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/presenting-to-politicians/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/presenting-to-politicians/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eIn order to ban fireworks, citizens need to educate and convince their\npoliticians. The information here details the process for presenting to\nvarious municipalties at council meetings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"understanding-the-political-structure\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnderstanding the political structure \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#understanding-the-political-structure\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe political landscape in any country flows up a structure beginning at\na local level (towns/cities), to a provincial level (group of local\nlevels), to the national level (group of provinces or states). Policy\ndeveloped from the bottom can be dictated from the top!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor example, consider the process to follow in British Columbia, Canada:\nlocal politicians refer matters to higher and higher levels eventually\nstopping at the provincial government. Author and consultant, Lavinia\nRojas, who is an experienced advocate in various initiatives explains:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;When we refer to politicians, we are specifically talking about\ncouncillors who play a crucial role in representing our concerns and\nforwarding them to higher authorities. The AVICC (Association of\nVancouver Island and Coastal Communities) hosts an annual conference\nwhere councillors come together to discuss and resolve proposals. Once\na proposal is resolved, it moves on to the UBCM (Union of\nMunicipalities of BC), where all municipality members get to vote on\nit. If the vote is approved, the proposal is then sent to the\nprovincial government, specifically the office of the Minister of\nPublic Safety and Solicitor General.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo as citizens, we need to make things move at the bottom, so our\ninitiative can work its way to the top.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"presenting-to-your-local-council\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePresenting to your local council \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#presenting-to-your-local-council\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo address your council either in-person, on video, or by phone, do the\nfollowing:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubmit your request to present.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrepare and practice your presentation (just as you did in school!)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAt the council meeting when it\u0026rsquo;s your turn, introduce yourself and\nstate the purpose of your speech.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExpress your position clearly with the reasons backed by supporting\nfacts/data.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBe professional in your tone and demeanor, but also let your passion\nfor the cause come through!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnswer any questions the council may have and thank them for their\nconsideration of your proposal.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMs Rojas additionally suggests you (and others in your group) write to\nthe councillors soon after the presentation, just so they know you are\nwatching!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRepeated presentations to city councils make it clear \u003cstrong\u003ewe mean business\nand demand action!\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"but-what-do-i-say\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBut what do I say?!?! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#but-what-do-i-say\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou don\u0026rsquo;t need to say much (usually you only have 3-5 minutes). However,\nyou need to speak clearly and forcefully. You also need to have your\npoints well-organized so your audience easily understands your message.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs for subject matter, there is plenty you have to work with:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTalk about \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"people.txt\" alt=\"people.txt\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTalk about \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"animals.txt\" alt=\"animals.txt\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTalk about \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"environment.txt\" alt=\"environment.txt\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTalk about \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"financial.txt\" alt=\"financial.txt\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTalk about \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"loathe.txt\" alt=\"loathe.txt\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"districts-you-can-speak-at\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDistricts you can speak at \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#districts-you-can-speak-at\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow are listed with links, the process to follow to make such\ndeliveries to specific jurisdictions. (If you want your area listed here\nwith details on how to contact your council, just email our researching\n\u003ca href=\"mailto:pradtf@gmail.com?subject=List%20My%20Jurisdiction!\"\u003ewebmaintainer\u003c/a\u003e\nwith your city\u0026rsquo;s location.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRemember that some districts let you speak on the same topic at each\nmeeting you attend. Keep the fireworks issue in their minds! Repetition\ncan eventually lead to action! Or as Ms Rojas says, \u0026ldquo;Be the squeaky\nwheel!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe listings below are in alphabetical order:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCowichan Valley Regional District (CVRD), BC:\u003c/strong\u003e The CVRD holds\nPublic Hearings whose purpose is \u0026ldquo;for the public to present their\nviews and opinions on a proposed bylaw amendment\u0026rdquo;. These can be attend\nelectronically or in person. For more information, go to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cvrd.ca/1282/Public-Hearings-Information-Meetings\"\u003ePublic\nHearings \u0026amp; Information\nMeetings\u003c/a\u003e\nor contact them by \u003ca href=\"mailto:publichearings@cvrd.bc.ca\"\u003eemail\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSaanich, BC:\u003c/strong\u003e There are many ways to \u003ca href=\"https://www.saanich.ca/EN/main/local-government/mayor-council/addressing-council.html\"\u003eaddress the\ncouncil\u003c/a\u003e\nregarding any matter of interest to this municipalty. An organization\nmust submit an \u003ca href=\"https://www.saanich.ca/assets/Local~Government/Documents/Mayor~and~Council/Council~Meetings/2022%20Application%20to%20Appear%20as%20a%20Delegation.pdf\"\u003eApplication to Appear as a\nDelegation\u003c/a\u003e\nto present at the whole meeting, but an individual speaker can speak\nin their open forum for 3 minutes (in-person or by phone) without\npre-registration by emailing \u003ca href=\"mailto:council@saanich.ca\"\u003ecouncil@saanich.ca\u003c/a\u003e or calling\n250-475-5501 prior to 12pm. You can also submit your views to the\ncouncil by email without attending the meeting.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVictoria (City of), BC:\u003c/strong\u003e This City holds \u003ca href=\"https://www.victoria.ca/EN/main/city/mayor-council-committees/council-committee-meetings.html\"\u003eregular\nmeetings\u003c/a\u003e\nwhich can be attended by the public and be viewed live/recorded\nstream. The schedule of upcoming meetings and links to past meetings\nare also available. Here are the details on how to \u003ca href=\"https://www.victoria.ca/EN/main/city/mayor-council-committees/council-webcasting/request-to-address-council.html\"\u003esubmit a request\nto address the\nCouncil\u003c/a\u003e\nwhich can be done in person or online. Speakers are limited to 5\nminutes and participation can be done \u003ca href=\"https://www.victoria.ca/EN/main/news-events/public-notices/public-hearings.html\"\u003ein person, on video, by\nphone\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\nBack to\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/\"\u003eFireworks Frustration Homepage\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Fallacy in Animal Rights Discussions", "date_published": "2023-06-12T14:56:15-07:00", "date_modified": "2023-06-12T14:56:15-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/fallacy-in-animal-rights-discussions/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/fallacy-in-animal-rights-discussions/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eFallacious argumentations in animal rights and vegan discussions are\nidentified according to the rules of logic. This guide exposes standard\nlogical fallacies that repeatedly appear and demonstrates their\ninvalidity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis article is a modified version of the original \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/list.html#fnr.1\"\u003eFallacy in Animal\nRights and Vegan\nDiscussions\u003c/a\u003e\nwhich has been on the internet since 2012. As in that article, Data\nexplains why Lore\u0026rsquo;s efforts at belittling animal rights and vegan\npositions are not logically valid and also proceeds to provide analysis\nfor specific situations illustrating the fallacy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor general exploration of fallacies consult the following sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nizkor.org/fallacies/\"\u003eThe Nizkor Project: Fallacies\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://changingminds.org/disciplines/argument/fallacies/fallacies_alpha.htm\"\u003eChanging Minds:\nFallacies\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fallacies\"\u003eWikipedia List of\nFallacies\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.fallacyfiles.org\"\u003eFallacy Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://philosophy.lander.edu/logic/fallacy_topics.html\"\u003eLanders Informal\nFallacies\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/@Shell123ey\"\u003eShell123ey Youtube Channel\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlternate names for a fallacy is provided in \u003cem\u003eitalics\u003c/em\u003e and abbreviations\nused in the document are listed in the table below:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eĀ¬ NOT\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eāˆ§ AND\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eāˆØ OR\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eC C is true\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eĀ¬ C C is false\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u0026gt; greater than\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt; less than\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eā†’ implies\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eāˆˆ is element of\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eāˆ“ therefore\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable of Contents\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"1-ad-hoc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1 Ad Hoc \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1-ad-hoc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecial pleading. Relativist. Subjectivist fallacy. False attribution.\nFallacy of quoting out of context. No true Scotsman. Shifting ground\nfallacy. Doublespeak.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy arbitrary introductions of excuses one attempts to make the argument\nappear valid. Special pleading unjustifiably requests that certain\nthings be not applicable to certain personal situations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you understand that there are moral implications involved\nin killing animals? These are sentient beings who experience emotions\nsuch as joy, fear and love, just as humans do.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Well that\u0026rsquo;s no doubt true about the animals, but while the\nmoral implications may apply to you, they don\u0026rsquo;t apply to me.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Since we are agreed that animals are sentient beings,\neveryone has a moral obligation to act towards them appropriately.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nA accepts C for B.\u003cbr\u003e\nA rejects C for A introducing arbitrary circumstances.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C doesn\u0026rsquo;t apply to A.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"11-banana-allergy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.1 Banana allergy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#11-banana-allergy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of my co-workers says she can\u0026rsquo;t do veg, cuz she has a banana\nallergy. When I pointed out that you don\u0026rsquo;t have to just eat bananas and\ncan eat all sorts of other fruits, she said \u0026ldquo;Well I have allergies to\nall of those too\u0026rdquo;. Ok how about vegetables? \u0026ldquo;Nope, I\u0026rsquo;m just allergic to\neating veggies as well unless with some meat!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile there may be a condition known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gastrointestinal-disorders/malabsorption-syndromes/carbohydrate-intolerance\"\u003ecarbohydrate\nintolerance\u003c/a\u003e\n(lactose intolerance being the most common version), congenital forms of\nthis are extremely rare. It is the inability of the body to process\ncarbohydrates well due to missing enzymes (supplying the enzymes\nexternally can resolve the dilemma). However, it is clear here that the\nco-worker is just making up excuses on the go.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"12-foie-gras-compassion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.2 Foie gras compassion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#12-foie-gras-compassion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome protestors cornered a restaurant owner who sold foie gras in\nCalifornia back around 2000, pointing out how horribly the birds were\ntreated. He agreed about the treatment and then just said \u0026ldquo;I don\u0026rsquo;t share\nyour compassion.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nHere we have a case of rationalization in the form of \u0026ldquo;you can be\ncompassionate, but I do not have to be (because I am so special etc)\u0026rdquo;. A\nbetter argument might have been to fabricate something along the special\npleading lines of \u0026ldquo;The \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foie_gras_controversy\"\u003einhumane treatment of the\nbirds\u003c/a\u003e provide my\nlivelihood\u0026rdquo;, but even that fails dismally since livelihood does not\njustify cruelty.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"13-life-is-supposed-to-be-fun\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.3 Life is supposed to be fun \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#13-life-is-supposed-to-be-fun\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLife is about having fun. Eating just fruit and vegetables is way too\nserious and boring.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is a case of special pleading. The individual pleads that she will\nnot have fun eating just fruits/vegetables, therefore she should not\nhave to do so. By this reasoning, some could claim that they should not\nhave to go to the bathroom, because doing so smells and is therefore not\nfun. Of course, if they would eat fruits and vegetables, instead of\ncorpse parts, they might find that the experience is possibly not quite\nas unpleasant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"14-i-dont-want-to-live-forever\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.4 I don\u0026rsquo;t want to live forever! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#14-i-dont-want-to-live-forever\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t want to be so healthy that I keep living on and on. Therefore,\nit is fine to eat things that make me less healthy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile the logic employed is impeccable, one wonders about the degree of\nsincerity. For instance, at what age does the individual consider to be\n\u0026rsquo;long enough\u0026rsquo;? Will the individual terminate his/her own existence at\nthat age? If so, why not live healthy and then self-terminate at the\nappointed time? The issue would seem to have nothing to do with being\nhealthy and everything to do with consuming whatever one is tempted by.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"15-the-peer-reviewed-published-study-is-useless-as-far-as-im-concerned\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.5 The peer-reviewed, published study is useless as far as I\u0026rsquo;m concerned \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#15-the-peer-reviewed-published-study-is-useless-as-far-as-im-concerned\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe unfortunate thing about this study and the Harvard study is that\nthey both relied on phone and face to face interviews in which they just\nasked people about what they ate. I find this type of study almost\nworthless since most people can\u0026rsquo;t remember day to day what they ate let\nalone over a period of time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe above comment is in reference to \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35220441/\"\u003eRed Meat Consumption and\nMortality\u003c/a\u003e which was not only\nconducted with great thoroughness, but also accounted for \u003ca href=\"https://nutritionfacts.org/video/harvards-meat-and-mortality-studies/\"\u003efactoring out\nknown contributors of\ndisease\u003c/a\u003e.\nThe criticism is similar to the one generated by The Meat Institute: \u003cem\u003e\u0026ldquo;A\nnew study in todayā€™s Archives of Internal Medicine tries to predict the\nfuture risk of death from cancer or cardiovascular disease by relying on\nnotoriously unreliable self-reporting about what was eaten and obtuse\nmethods to apply statistical analysis to the data.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e\n(\u003ca href=\"https://www.meatinstitute.org//index.php/display/ReleaseDetails/i/76257?ht=display/ReleaseDetails/i/76257\"\u003eAMI\u003c/a\u003e)\nwho naturally have a vested interest in maligning the study, but seem to\nbe having some difficulty in coming up with sensible arguments to that\neffect.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"16-diet-is-a-personal-choice\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.6 Diet is a personal choice \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#16-diet-is-a-personal-choice\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy spouse eats meat. I don\u0026rsquo;t. It\u0026rsquo;s just a personal choice we\u0026rsquo;ve made.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nAny action is essentially a personal choice. However, the fact that one\nhas made a personal choice doesn\u0026rsquo;t provide the justification of the\naction. For instance, killing your boss or restraining a child are also\npersonal choices. However, to justify either requires more than just the\nobvious claim that these are personal choices. One may be able to\njustify the former because your boss was attempting to kill you (ie\nself-defense), while the latter may be justifiable in a situation where\nthe child was trying to harm a sibling (ie defense of another), but\nneither uses the idea of personal choice as a rationale. Eating corpse\nsupports the imprisonment, exploitation, abuse and murder of sentient\nbeings and is not legitimized by the personal choice rationalization.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"17-i-have-special-requirements-of-science\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.7 I have special requirements of science \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#17-i-have-special-requirements-of-science\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDenyer: Animals are incapable of demonstrating altruism.\u003cbr\u003e\nResponse: You are just unaware of the past 3 decades of cognitive\nethology.\u003cbr\u003e\nDenyer: You are completely correct about that! I don\u0026rsquo;t like modern\nethology much.\u003cbr\u003e\nResponse: That is indeed a pity! I believe there is a lot being lost\nthen.\u003cbr\u003e\nDenyer: I don\u0026rsquo;t think so. I\u0026rsquo;m selective and modern ethology generally\ndoes not meet my requirements for science.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThere is considerable inconsistency in the responses. If the person is\nunaware of cognitive ethology, how can he claim to not like it. Also,\nwhether his requirements for science are met is irrelevant since it is\nmerely a personal attitude irrespective of the facts. What we are\ndealing with here is a faith-based individual, so it matters little to\nhim what science and reality clearly demonstrate. This person will\nalways resort to \u0026ldquo;I don\u0026rsquo;t believe it\u0026rdquo;. Of course, belief has nothing to\ndo with any of this. The research evidence clearly shows animal\nsentience and \u003ca href=\"https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/animal-emotions/201208/scientists-conclude-nonhuman-animals-are-conscious-beings\"\u003ereal scientists accept\nit\u003c/a\u003e.\nThis individual will likely stay on his flat earth until he falls off\nthe edge.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"2-ad-hominem\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2 Ad Hominem \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#2-ad-hominem\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAgainst the man. Against the person.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAttempt to invalidate an argument by attacking the character of the\nperson making the argument: kill the messenger if you can\u0026rsquo;t kill the\nmessage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Vegan is the nutritionally intelligent, environmentally\nsustainable and ethically correct diet to follow.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Data you\u0026rsquo;re just an incompetent android who doesn\u0026rsquo;t know\nanything so you\u0026rsquo;re wrong!!!!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e While you are doing a fine job attacking me personally, you\nhave done nothing to attack my argument.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nP claims C.\u003cbr\u003e\nQ says derogatory things about P.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ Ā¬ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"21-you-eat-rabbit-food\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.1 You eat rabbit food \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#21-you-eat-rabbit-food\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was explaining the benefits of eating vegetarian to my friend and a\ncolleague sticks out his front teeth and starts taunting me with \u0026ldquo;You\u0026rsquo;re\na rabbit. You eat rabbit food.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nEvidently this colleague doesn\u0026rsquo;t know much about vegetarian eating or\n\u003ca href=\"http://whale.to/a/comp.html\"\u003ecomparative anatomy\u003c/a\u003e or he would not\nmistake a homo sapiens for a leporid.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"22-youre-insane-for-helping-animals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.2 You\u0026rsquo;re insane for helping animals \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#22-youre-insane-for-helping-animals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMai was involved with animal rescue and she had helped a lot of\ncreatures, but when a neighbor found out he got irate and called her\ninsane for trying to save these varmints.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe neighbor doesn\u0026rsquo;t provide any evidence to substantiate his claim that\nMai is insane. Rescuing animals is not grounds for insanity. In fact,\nconsidering the Canadian Revenue Agency Charity Registration views\nrescuing animals to be a \u003ca href=\"https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/charities-giving/charities/policies-guidance/promotion-animal-welfare-charitable-registration.html#definitions\"\u003elegitimate charitable activity and of societal\nbenefit\u003c/a\u003e\none might think that this neighbor could benefit himself from doing the\nsame.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"23-excessive-reliance-on-sarcasm\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.3 Excessive reliance on sarcasm \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#23-excessive-reliance-on-sarcasm\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes an argument is punctuated with sarcastic comments. Here is a\nseries of excerpts attempting to defend \u003ca href=\"https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/peta-controversial-new-tongue-in-cheek-ad-touting-vegan-diet-features-young-woman-appears-abused-article-1.1022655\"\u003ea particular PETA\nadvertisement\u003c/a\u003e\nby making sarcastic remarks about the attitudes of those who are in\nopposition (from forum posts):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eyes sex is evil and nasty! appealing to sexual sentiments, and\nattempting to use humor! how Dare they! monsters!! it should have been\nthe guy being beaten!!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eit so sexist! the woman should be repairing the walls dammed\nstereotypes, the woman shoulda had a strap on\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eeven your name is offensive to meā€¦ I don\u0026rsquo;t know whyā€¦ but it just is!!!\n;)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nSarcasm may appear to be clever, but it essentially amounts to saying \u0026ldquo;I\ndisagree\u0026rdquo; in a rather unpleasant sort of way. Since it usually tends to\nbe nothing more than a \u0026lsquo;disguised\u0026rsquo; personal attack, sarcastic remarks\ntend not to contribute concrete or persuasive information. The intent is\nnot to make a point, but to demoralize, abuse or injure the opponent.\nResorting to such tactics often exposes an inability to formulate viable\narguments (possibly because there may not be any). What is more\nunfortunate is that succumbing to such tactics (usually a result of\ninadequate self-discipline), demeans, degrades and on occasion even\ndestroys what might have been considered a legitimate argument.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"3-ad-hominem-abusive\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3 Ad Hominem: Abusive \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#3-ad-hominem-abusive\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAgainst the man. Against the person.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAttempt to invalidate an argument by making abusive remarks about the\nperson making the argument: kill the messenger if you can\u0026rsquo;t kill the\nmessage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Vegan is the nutritionally intelligent, environmentally\nsustainable and ethically correct diet to follow.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Data you\u0026rsquo;re just totally \u003cstrong\u003e******\u003c/strong\u003e and a real\n\u003cstrong\u003e******\u003c/strong\u003e too!!!!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e What a potentially interesting challenge in cryptography,\nLore! Each of those bleeped out expressions represent 268 potential word\npossibilities. However, since we know they failed the censor test, it is\nnot necessary to perform an exhaustive search - heuristics will be\nadequate. You of course realize that you have failed to provide any\nrationale to counter my initial statement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nP claims X.\u003cbr\u003e\nQ says nasty things about P\u0026rsquo;s character.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ Ā¬ X.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"31-the-pie-attack\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3.1 The pie attack \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#31-the-pie-attack\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThree vegans attacked Lierre Keith (The Vegetarian Myth author) by\npieing her in the face during a talk she was doing. Abusive monsters\nlike you show just how \u003cstrong\u003e*****\u003c/strong\u003e you vegans really are. You should\nall be locked up, nevermind being allowed to speak in a forum!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile it is quite correct to call such actions as abusive attacks, it is\ninappropriate to label the action as a \u0026lsquo;vegan\u0026rsquo; one simply because it is\nthought that some vegans executed it. Furthermore, there is no\nrationality in insisting that anyone should be locked up or not\npermitted status on a forum due to the actions of three individuals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"32-winning-an-argument-vs-discrediting-an-opponent\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3.2 Winning an argument vs discrediting an opponent \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#32-winning-an-argument-vs-discrediting-an-opponent\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome people think that if they can discredit an opponent by calling the\nindividual names, they have won the argument. Here is an example of such\na situation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCretin: You wrote \u0026ldquo;It\u0026rsquo;s not that you\u0026rsquo;re trying to win an argument, it\u0026rsquo;s\nthat you\u0026rsquo;re trying to discredit an opponent.\u0026rdquo; Well that is absolutely\nretarded because those two intentions are essentially the same thing.\u003cbr\u003e\nCivil: Well no they\u0026rsquo;re not. Winning an argument requires that one uses\nproper reasoning that is logically valid as well as sound. Discrediting\nan opponent can be done without even producing an argument. Some people\ntry to do it with various outbursts like:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThat is absolutely retarded\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStop defending your stupid comments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou are not using the full capacity of your brain\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eI can\u0026rsquo;t take this stupidity\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou are either stupid or being stubborn\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThese ad hominem fallacies don\u0026rsquo;t actually add strength to any argument.\nThey are an attempt to discredit the individual you are talking to by\nattributing various features to them. As with typical ad hominems the\nidea is primarily to abuse the opponent into submission.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"4-ad-hominem-flattery\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e4 Ad Hominem: Flattery \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#4-ad-hominem-flattery\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppeal to flattery.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is really a variation on the ad hominem theme. Instead of\nrubbishing one\u0026rsquo;s opponent, one does quite the opposite in the hopes of\ngaining agreement on a claim, regardless of whether the claim has any\nmerit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e The high mercury content of fish makes it a most unwise choice\nfor consumption.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Data you are brilliant! It\u0026rsquo;s amazing how you can gather facts\nfrom all over and you present things so remarkably well too! I am always\nimpressed by your knowledge and am so glad to call you my brother! By\nthe way, one of my good friends runs a fish store, so let\u0026rsquo;s not make a\nbig deal out of the mercury - I\u0026rsquo;m sure you can use your cleverness to\nfind some way of pointing out how minimal the toxic effects are\nanyway.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Flattery will get you nowhere, Lore. You can\u0026rsquo;t really alter\nthe facts and the dangerous effects of mercury poisoning, by hurling\ncompliments.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nA flatters B.\u003cbr\u003e\nA claims C.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"5-ad-hominem-circumstantial\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5 Ad Hominem: Circumstantial \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#5-ad-hominem-circumstantial\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAgainst the man. Against the person.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAttempt to invalidate an argument by claiming that the person making it\nis acting in own interests: kill the messenger if you can\u0026rsquo;t kill the\nmessage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Vegan is the nutritionally intelligent, environmentally\nsustainable and ethically correct diet to follow.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Data you\u0026rsquo;re just saying stuff like that because you\u0026rsquo;re one of\nthose bleeding hearts animal rights activists who wants all creatures to\nlive happily ever after.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Whether I want all animals to live happily ever after has\nlittle to do with my point that a vegan diet is what it is: specifically\nthe \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-1\"\u003enutritional\nresearch\u003c/a\u003e\nwhich clearly shows the health advantage of vegan diets; the\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-2\"\u003eenvironmental\nstatements\u003c/a\u003e\nfrom various organizations such as even the United Nations; the \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-3\"\u003eethical\nanalysis\u003c/a\u003e\nfrom various philosophical viewpoints and authors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nP claims X.\u003cbr\u003e\nQ says nasty things about P\u0026rsquo;s character.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ Ā¬ X.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"51-the-bully-card\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5.1 The Bully Card \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#51-the-bully-card\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo me a favor and don\u0026rsquo;t be a forum bully. I think you were completely\nrude ā€¦ back off and don\u0026rsquo;t be so \u003cstrong\u003e****\u003c/strong\u003e about it. Your tone was\nclearly not a friendly one so don\u0026rsquo;t backpedal. I feel abused by you!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is sometimes a ploy to create a distraction and at other times an\nattempt to discredit an adversary. Note that the accusations likely have\nnothing to do with the topic being discussed. In these situations, the\nchances are that the person complaining just didn\u0026rsquo;t like how the\ndiscussion was going. There was likely no bullying, but a fair bit of\nwhining.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"6-ad-hominem-poisoning-the-well\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6 Ad Hominem: Poisoning the Well \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#6-ad-hominem-poisoning-the-well\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAgainst the man. Against the person.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAttempt to invalidate an argument by trying to discredit the person\nmaking it: kill the messenger if you can\u0026rsquo;t kill the message.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Vegan is the nutritionally intelligent, environmentally\nsustainable and ethically correct diet to follow.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Data you were made as an imperfect android by Noonien Soonng\nand so anything you say is wrong.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e By focusing on my \u0026rsquo;lack of perfection\u0026rsquo;, you will deem whatever\nI say to be wrong, even when I am right. Neither does this \u0026rsquo;lack of\nperfection\u0026rsquo; alter the facts which support my statement about a vegan\ndiet: specifically the \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-1\"\u003enutritional\nresearch\u003c/a\u003e\nwhich clearly shows the health advantage of vegan diets; the\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-2\"\u003eenvironmental\nstatements\u003c/a\u003e\nfrom various organizations such as even the United Nations; the \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-3\"\u003eethical\nanalysis\u003c/a\u003e\nfrom various philosophical viewpoints and authors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nP claims X.\u003cbr\u003e\nQ says P said or did something discreditable in the past.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ Ā¬ X.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"61-insider-trading-and-deer-slaughter\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.1 Insider trading and deer slaughter \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#61-insider-trading-and-deer-slaughter\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes individuals like to throw irrelevantly incriminating\ninformation into the mix. An example, is shown here in an articles\nrelating to an injunction to stop deer slaughter in the Invermere\ncommunity in BC, Canada where mention is made of the financial\nactivities of one of the architects of the effort:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExplaining why he got involved in the issue, Mr. Suman said he and his\nwife, Monie, moved to the valley a year-and-a-half ago, and were\ninstantly enamoured with the deer that live within the town. He\nacknowledged that he is the same Shane Suman who was recently found\nguilty, along with his wife, of insider trading by the U.S. Securities\nand Exchange Commission, and ordered to pay over $4 million dollars\nin fines and profits, but stated that the issues are completely\nunrelated, and he has nothing to hide in relation to the case.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://issuu.com/columbiavalleypioneer/docs/vol9issue7\"\u003eInvermere ordered to put brakes on\ncull\u003c/a\u003e (Joshua\nEstabrooks, Pioneer Staff)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile Suman\u0026rsquo;s financial activities did result in a guilty verdict\nagainst him, his past dealings have no relevance to his trying to stop\nthe deer slaughter in Invermere. To bring up the matter may be an\nattempt to discredit his character and thereby sway opinion against his\nefforts, even though there is no connection between trying to help deer\nand the prior monetary misdealings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"62-peta-kills-everything\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.2 PETA kills everything! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#62-peta-kills-everything\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDeerAdvocate: Hey Shishkabob! Good news for the deer! Even PETA is\ngetting into this and asking people to write to Invermere to stop the\nkilling.\u003cbr\u003e\nShishkabob: Oh, are they asking Invermere to send the deer to PETA\u0026rsquo;s HQ\nso they can \u0026lsquo;send\u0026rsquo; them to a better place, via needle?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is one of those PETA-hating attitudes some people have even though\nthey may be in favor of animal protection. Since PETA endorses\neuthanization in certain situations, some people feel that that they\nhave to malign everything the organization does. Even when PETA acts in\nalignment with their own cause, they feel they have to take a potshot at\nthem. This sort of bigotted behavior is not conducive to unity within\nthe ranks, but these people are usually more interested in sounding off\nimmaturely than engaging in any meaningful action.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"7-ad-hominem-tu-quoque\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7 Ad Hominem: Tu Quoque \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#7-ad-hominem-tu-quoque\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eYou too. Two wrongs make a right. Appeal to hypocrisy.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAttempt to invalidate an argument by claiming the person making it has\ndone things which are counter to the argument: kill the messenger if you\ncan\u0026rsquo;t kill the message. Here is a good video on this fallacy: \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4O46T7GyE4Y\"\u003eAre You\nPERFECT?!!\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Vegan is the nutritionally intelligent, environmentally\nsustainable and ethically correct diet to follow.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Data you don\u0026rsquo;t eat, are made from environmentally unfriendly\nmaterials and kill millions of microorganisms when you simulate\nbreathing and so you\u0026rsquo;re spouting nonsense!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e My personal and behavioral parameters do not have any\ninfluence on the realities of a vegan diet. I may be lacking in certain\nareas, but my inadequacies do not alter the established facts:\nspecifically the \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-1\"\u003enutritional\nresearch\u003c/a\u003e\nwhich clearly shows the health advantage of vegan diets; the\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-2\"\u003eenvironmental\nstatements\u003c/a\u003e\nfrom various organizations such as even the United Nations; the \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-3\"\u003eethical\nanalysis\u003c/a\u003e\nfrom various philosophical viewpoints and authors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nP claims X.\u003cbr\u003e\nQ says P has acted in the opposite way to X.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ Ā¬ X.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"71-you-plant-eating-mass-murderer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.1 You plant-eating mass murderer! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#71-you-plant-eating-mass-murderer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe hole in the vegan argument that meat is murder is this: more animals\ndie to prepare and harvest crops.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nFactually, the above statement is simply incorrect because between\n50-80% (varies with country and time period) of the grain harvested goes\nto fattening animals. Additionally, calculations show clearly that\neating strict vegetarian kills far, far fewer animals than eating from\nthe corpse industries: \u003ca href=\"https://animalvisuals.org/projects/1mc/\"\u003eNumber of Animals Killed to Produce One Million\nCalories in Eight Food\nCategories\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf course, the accuser usually knows that he/she is spouting nonsense.\nThe argument presented has little to do with fact and everything to do\nwith pathetic bravado. It can be summed up as simply as \u0026ldquo;You kill some\nanimals with your plant-diet, so you shouldn\u0026rsquo;t complain if I kill far\nmore with my corpse eating fetish.\u0026rdquo; There is no really argument here\nbeyond a fallacious whining.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"72-you-cant-attack-my-animal-abusings-because-you-arent-100-pure-vegan\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.2 You can\u0026rsquo;t attack my animal abusings because you aren\u0026rsquo;t 100% pure vegan! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#72-you-cant-attack-my-animal-abusings-because-you-arent-100-pure-vegan\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA vegan diet is a simple to do. Avoiding animal products completely\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t seem so. Do you have a right to attack others for eating animals\nwhen you continue to use them? Products such as rubber and tires involve\nthe use of animal products, and that plastic shoes devastate the\nenvironment? Unless you ran away naked from the society, you are\ncontributing to animal exploitation in some way.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is a typically simplistic case of \u0026ldquo;you too\u0026rdquo;! The idea behind this\nattack on vegan advocates is that they likely use some slaughterhouse\nby-product (eg stearic acid in rubber or plastic) and therefore are\nsomehow barred from criticising those who eat animals or wear fur etc.\nIt is a frequent effort by some people to deflect attention from their\nsupport of the imprisonment, exploitation, abuse and murder of animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne can run a line of defense such as in modern society it is impossible\nto be 100% vegan, but one can come pretty close. This is a reasonable\nanswer which justifies one\u0026rsquo;s actions while acknowledging certain\nshort-comings. After all, it may be difficult to stop breathing to avoid\nkilling thousands of microbes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, because we have a clear fallacy here of the lowly ad hominem\nfamily, the opportunity for attack is ever-present. The accusatory\nargument has no merit because:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe personal action of an individual does not change the morality of a\nsituation. If robbing a bank is unethical, having a bank robber speak\nout against the act, does not miraculously alter the morality of the\nact. Harming sentient beings is unethical (except in select situations\nsuch as self-defense). So even an animal abuser is entitled to speak\nagainst animal abuse.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe fact that the individual who speaks out against animal abuse may\nengage in some sort of incidental action (often unknowingly) such as\ndriving on tires which have been manufactured with some component\nderived from an animal, does not absolve those who regularly\nparticipate in various forms of animal abuse.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe above two realities negate the legitimacy of such immature, whiney\nonslaughts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"73-nobody-is-vegan\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.3 Nobody is vegan! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#73-nobody-is-vegan\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou\u0026rsquo;re not vegan because you use car tires which are made from\nslaughterhouse by-products (stearic acid)! You\u0026rsquo;re not vegan because your\ncomputer keyboard may have some sort of animal product! You\u0026rsquo;re not vegan\nbecause the stickers on your organic bananas probably aren\u0026rsquo;t vegan!\nYou\u0026rsquo;re not vegan because you may have stepped on an ant when you walked\noutside. You\u0026rsquo;re not vegan because you kill microbes when you breathe!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile technically it can be argued that nobody really is vegan as per\nabove, the attack is rather flawed due to its confusion between an ideal\nand the manifestation of the same. Vegan is a spectrum with a minimum\nthreshold such as not participating in the imprisonment, exploitation,\nabuse and murder of animals. Incidental anomalies that appear as a\nresult of the manufacturing process and breathing hardly constitute a\nviolation of that threshold. A particularly fine analysis is presented\nin this article: \u003ca href=\"http://www.towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/jon-fergus/nobody-is-vegan/\"\u003eNobody Is\nVegan\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"8-analogy-extended\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8 Analogy: Extended \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#8-analogy-extended\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFalse analogy. Faulty analogy. Questionable analogy.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe utilization of an analogy is deliberately misconstrued here. If two\nthings have a basis of similarity, then one can be used to illustrate\nthe other on grounds of that basis. Each does not need to be identical\nor similar in all aspects for the analogy to be valid. However, a critic\nwill take exception to the analogy itself on grounds of whatever\ndissimilarities can be conjured up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Humans oppress animals in the same way they have oppressed\nother humans examples being the slave trade or the ethnic cleansing\ncampaigns throughout history.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e So what are you saying? That these humans were animals? Are\nyou seriously equating humans to animals!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Humans and animals do possess many similarities. However, the\ncomparison was not between humans and animals, but between the treatment\nsome humans received and the treatment some animals receive. Some humans\nand some animals continue to be kept in slavery. Some humans and some\nanimals continue to be exterminated under the expediency of \u0026lsquo;cleansing\u0026rsquo;.\nThe analogy merely reveals the common mentality of the oppressors who do\nnot seem to hold speciesist attitudes towards their victims.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nA has some similar characteristics to B.\u003cbr\u003e\nA is used as an illustration to clarify aspects of B.\u003cbr\u003e\nThe illustration is criticized because A isn\u0026rsquo;t identical to B.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"9-analogy-weak\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e9 Analogy: Weak \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#9-analogy-weak\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFalse analogy. Faulty analogy. Questionable analogy.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe apparent similarity between two situations is utilized to insist\nthat the properties belonging to one also belong to the other.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Bees make honey for themselves, not for humans. Therefore, it\nis morally wrong to steal honey from them, an unnecessary act which\nkills countless numbers of bees.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Well don\u0026rsquo;t you know that you kill bugs when you ride in a car?\nIt\u0026rsquo;s unnecessary for you to drive too!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e In present day society, driving is not always unnecessary (eg\nambulance, fire brigade, food distribution etc). Furthermore, one\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t drive to kill bugs deliberately anymore than one drives to kill\nhumans deliberately, yet accidents kill members of both species. One\ndoes end up killing bees deliberately by taking their honey because the\nbees will fight to the death to keep what is theirs. Furthermore, bee\nindustry practices end up destroying many bees that starve to death\nbecause they are not left with sufficient honey to see them through the\nwinter. Death cause by driving is quite incidental while the deaths\ncaused by the bee industry are invasively more deliberate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nA appears to be similar to B.\u003cbr\u003e\nB has property P.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ A has property P.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"91-horses-and-dogs-should-work-too-for-their-living\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e9.1 Horses and dogs should work too for their living \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#91-horses-and-dogs-should-work-too-for-their-living\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimals should have to earn their living. After all, humans have to earn\na living. So why shouldn\u0026rsquo;t animals as well? There\u0026rsquo;s nothing wrong about\nmaking a horse pull a carriage or a dog pulling a sled.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThere seem to be a couple of problems with this sort of analogus\nreasoning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst, it is not true that all humans have to earn a living. Many don\u0026rsquo;t\nwork or can\u0026rsquo;t work (eg children). They are often appropriately supported\nby family, friends or society.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecond, animals and some people work in their own way to \u0026rsquo;earn their\nliving\u0026rsquo;. Horses graze, some dogs hunt in packs and many humans gather\nand eat fruit. There is no reason to think that creatures who live in a\nway that is natural for them, necessarily need to fit into the modern\nsociety 9 to 5 schedules.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThird, hooking up a horse to a carriage or a dog to a sled is nothing\nshort of exploitation. While there may be rare isolated situations where\na symbiotic partnership is necessary (say someone who rescued a horse,\nbut has no means of supporting his care, so the two of them go into\nbusiness together), it is clear that the intent is almost exclusively to\nmake money for the person at the expense of the animal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTherefore, it is an unsound notion to suggest that animals should have\nto earn their living in a fashion as adopted by some humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"92-dont-eat-and-drive\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e9.2 Don\u0026rsquo;t eat and drive! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#92-dont-eat-and-drive\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe American Meat Institute once whined:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA new study in todayā€™s Archives of Internal Medicine tries to predict\nthe future risk of death from cancer or cardiovascular disease by\nrelying on notoriously unreliable self-reporting about what was eaten\nand obtuse methods to apply statistical analysis to the data. This\nimprecise approach is like relying on consumersā€™ personal\ncharacterization of their driving habits in prior years in determining\ntheir likelihood of having an accident that kills them in the future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe analogy forced between \u0026lsquo;what was eaten\u0026rsquo; and \u0026ldquo;personal\ncharacterization of driving habits\u0026rsquo; is a meaningless one. The former is\ntangible and can be objectively established in a variety of ways. The\nlatter is purely subjective and prone to whims of the ego. Therefore,\nthe attempt has no validity at all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNor is the last sentence correct, because statistics tend to show that\npoor driving habits will increase the likelihood of an accident. In\nfact, statistical data on driving habits is what insurance companies use\nto determine premium rates.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"93-in-defense-of-dog-fighting\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e9.3 In defense of dog fighting \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#93-in-defense-of-dog-fighting\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRep. Steve King (R-IA) fielded a question about his opposition to animal\nrights and recently introduced legislation that would undermine local\nstandards preventing animal torture. ā€œItā€™s wrong to rate animals above\nhuman beings,ā€ he told the questioner. To make his point, King argued\nthat ā€œthereā€™s something wrongā€ for society to make it a ā€œfederal crime\nto watch animals fightā€ but ā€œitā€™s not a federal crime to induce somebody\nto watch people fighting.ā€\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nWhat is really wrong is not with society, but with King\u0026rsquo;s reasoning. The\nanalogy attempted between people fighting voluntarily (ie boxing) and\nanimals being forced to fight (ie dog/cock fighting) is inappropriate.\nOne could argue that there is something wrong with a society that\ninduces people to watch any sort of fighting of any species, but it is\nan incorrect argument to suggest that it is wrong to punish people for\ngoing to fights of species A simply because you do not punish them for\ngoing to fights of species B.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"10-appeal-to-authority\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e10 Appeal to Authority \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#10-appeal-to-authority\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eArgumentum ad Verecundiam. Ispe dixit. Fallacious Appeal to Authority.\nMisuse of Authority. Irrelevant Authority. Questionable Authority.\nInappropriate Authority.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe attempt to validate a conclusion based on some statement by some\nauthority. While providing legitimate authority as backing for one\u0026rsquo;s\narguments is reasonable, the fact that some authority agrees with your\npoint of view is insufficient as the sole basis. For instance, the\nauthority may actually not be an authority or may have changed\nviewpoints or may be just plain wrong. Usually, the appeal to authority\nis invoked because other avenues lead to a deadend and there is no real\nsupport for the argument. For a more thorough presentation, see \u003ca href=\"http://nizkor.com/features/fallacies/appeal-to-authority.html\"\u003eNizkor\nAppeal To\nAuthority\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e I find the attitudes and practices of humans towards other\nsentient beings most disturbing.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Well get over it because Descartes said that animals are just\nautomatons.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e While citing authority to support an argument may be\nlegitimate if the authority\u0026rsquo;s statements are correct, no argument can be\nnegated or validated purely on the solely the word of a specific\nauthority - especially when the comment is demonstrably untrue, as it is\nin this case with Descartes who while being a competent mathematician\nwas prone to \u0026ldquo;creating a world to suit his fancy without the slightest\nregard for the known facts\u0026rdquo; (Ref: A. D\u0026rsquo;Abro - \u003cu\u003eThe Rise of the New\nPhysics Volume One\u003c/u\u003e p11.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nP claims A is an authority on subject S.\u003cbr\u003e\nP claims A supports C being true.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"101-authority-in-reverse\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e10.1 Authority in reverse! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#101-authority-in-reverse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes carnists call you out for being \u0026ldquo;emotional\u0026rdquo; about the plight\nof animal suffering and continues to attacks and trivialize your\nsympathetic sentiments. However, when you throw facts, clinical studies\nand data suggesting animal eating is bad, they resort to such classic\nrhetoric as \u0026ldquo;you shouldn\u0026rsquo;t believe all you hear\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;you are being too\nlogical\u0026rdquo; and eventually \u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;ll believe you when you are a doctor\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is the classic case of appeal to authority reversed. While the\ncorpse eater is able to not deal with facts, it is easy to accuse the\nopponent as being \u0026rsquo;emotional\u0026rsquo; (see Appeal to Emotion below). However,\nthere is no where to run when the actual data appears, so backed against\na wall, the plea is fallaciously made to \u0026rsquo;lack\u0026rsquo; of authority. Obviously,\nthis effort reveals only the desperation, because it makes little\ndifference what the qualifications are of the individual who presents\nthe demonstrated facts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"11-appeal-to-authority-age\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e11 Appeal to Authority: Age \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#11-appeal-to-authority-age\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppeal by age.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea here is to claim an argument is correct because the person\nmaking it has more experience by virtue of having existed longer. The\nfact that the experience may not have any connection to the argument or\nthat the person might be just plain wrong, is thus circumvented. The\nage/experience of an individual may be used to some extent to strengthen\nan argument, but has nothing to do with its correctness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e I find the attitudes and practices of humans towards other\nsentient beings most disturbing.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Look my young friend, I\u0026rsquo;m older than you are and have been\naround longer than you. I say things are fine just the way they are. How\ndo I know this? Because I\u0026rsquo;ve seen things this way for a longer time than\nyou.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e You are just a few months older, Lore. Furthermore, you are\nonly providing a personal opinion without any verification of its\ncorrectness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nA is old/experienced.\u003cbr\u003e\nA claims C.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"111-the-age-card\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e11.1 The age card \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#111-the-age-card\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI can use the age card. I\u0026rsquo;ve been a passionate vegan for 25 years, which\nis probably about the time that you\u0026rsquo;ve been on earth. Vegan for 25 years\nbaby! Did you hear that? Let me say it again! VEGAN FOR 25 YEARS!!! I\u0026rsquo;m\nproud of being a 25 year vegan!! Nothing wrong with that. What comes\nwith 25 years of veganism that many of you don\u0026rsquo;t have? A lot of wisdom\nfrom making a lot of mistakes with other vegans through the years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nJudging by the repetitive nature of the statement, one could surmise\nthat what comes with 25 years of veganism, in this particular case, is\nsenility rather than wisdom. Correctness is not proportional to age. An\nargument cannot be substantiated simply by the age or experience of the\npresenter even if he is a vegan. The validity of an argument rests on\nits logical form and the evidence presented for its substantiation and\nnot on the posturing of the one who is making it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"12-appeal-to-consequences-of-a-belief\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e12 Appeal to Consequences of a Belief \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#12-appeal-to-consequences-of-a-belief\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eArgumentum ad consequentiam. Wishful thinking.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere one tries to utilize the consequences of a belief to verify the\nbelief itself. If believing something produces positive consequences,\nthen one asserts the something is true.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e The fur industry is cruel.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e I get money for the pelts and will hopefully be rich soon, so\ntrapping and killing furry animals is the correct thing to do.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Simply because you believe you will benefit from by engaging\nin these inhumane practices promoted by the fur industry, doesn\u0026rsquo;t\nprovide an argument that is contrary to my original statement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nC is (un)desirable.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ (Ā¬)C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"121-worrying-is-unhealthy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e12.1 Worrying is unhealthy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#121-worrying-is-unhealthy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s unhealthy to worry so much about animals and the environment. It\u0026rsquo;ll\nstress you out. Just live and be free! Don\u0026rsquo;t get so involved! Don\u0026rsquo;t\nworry! Be happy!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile there is merit in not worrying and not getting stressed out, the\nabove is nothing more than a rationalization for apathy. Interestingly\nenough, such rationalizations come from both those who oppress animals\nas well as those who presumably advocate the opposite. The latter though\ntend to do a balancing act on the fence when pressed. They don\u0026rsquo;t want to\nconfront the oppressors, but like to believe they are also not\ncontributing to the oppression. One\u0026rsquo;s own \u0026lsquo;peace of mind\u0026rsquo; takes priority\nand therefore overrides any attempt at producing an effective argument.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"122-veganism-should-not-be-a-religion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e12.2 Veganism should not be a religion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#122-veganism-should-not-be-a-religion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome people in Western society already view veganism as a kind of\nreligion, cult, or extreme point of view, and therefore reject it. We\nshould be very cautious about trying to associate veganism with\nreligiousness and or religious rights.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe concern that if veganism is viewed as a religion there will be bad\nconsequences should not determine whether veganism is viewed as a\nreligion. If veganism meets the \u003ca href=\"http://davidsztybel.info/53.html\"\u003eappropriate\ncriteria\u003c/a\u003e for being considered to be a\nreligion, then it has a legitimate claim to be categorized as such. Gain\nor loss as a result of outlook, does not determine the validity of the\noutlook.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"123-honey-is-vegan\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e12.3 Honey is vegan!! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#123-honey-is-vegan\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRejecting honey as a vegan product hurts the vegan movement, therefore\nsuch a position on honey just doesn\u0026rsquo;t make any sense. You\u0026rsquo;re talking\nabout some quasi-religious personal purity, rather than about stopping\nanimal abuse. No wonder veganism can seem nonsensical to the average\nperson.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nSince there is so much evidence clearly demonstrating that \u003ca href=\"https://www.peta.org.uk/blog/honey-isnt-vegan/\"\u003ehoney is not\nvegan\u003c/a\u003e and that \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/what-a-bee-knows-book/\"\u003ebees\nare sentient\nanimals\u003c/a\u003e,\nwhat is indeed nonsensical is to take the incorrect stand that honey is\nvegan based on concern of the dire consequences such a stance might\nbring. One doesn\u0026rsquo;t stop animal abuse by fictious arguments where we take\nfrom Peter with the hopes of giving to Paul: it is illogical and\nunethical to condemn bees to servitude and death, simply because we have\nhopes of appearing more \u0026lsquo;reasonable\u0026rsquo; to a public who will thereby\nmiraculously refrain from supporting the slaughter of cows and chickens.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"124-this-store-made-me-who-i-am-today\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e12.4 This store made me who I am today! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#124-this-store-made-me-who-i-am-today\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI get a lot of good stuff at this store! They have great prices!\nFantastic service too and they are so convenient! Wow! They even have\nrare things I want which I probably can\u0026rsquo;t get anywhere else. It\u0026rsquo;s\nunfortunate that they sell some shoddy books like \u003cu\u003eHow To Make\nMillions Off Your Fighting Dogs\u003c/u\u003e and \u003cu\u003e35 Ways To Pack Meat Into\nYour Pig\u003c/u\u003e! Well, I am a vegan after all, so I can\u0026rsquo;t approve of this\nstuff. Oh yeah and they sell corpse parts like beef jerky and some foie\ngras too. Disgusting! I don\u0026rsquo;t approve of this stuff at all! Ok, so they\nalso sell live animals and ship them to wherever. I don\u0026rsquo;t like that\neither. Geez! But you have to understand that they do so many other good\nthings, like give me excellent discounts and the more I buy, the better\nchances I have at winning their monthly jackpot! Think of all the good I\ncan do with that money, eh? And all stores in the world must do\nsomething wrong, I\u0026rsquo;m sure, so why pick on this one? That\u0026rsquo;s why I gotta\nbuy from these folks. They\u0026rsquo;re the best deal going anywhere! They are a\nmiracle! Ya!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nIt would seem that the above individual is drowning in an overdose of\nself-indulgence. To justify an act simply because one stands to benefit\nfrom it is one of the most self-serving rationalizations that exist. The\nmorality of an act is determined by its adherence to established\ncriteria, which deal with questions such as:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edoes the act produce any victims?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eis there any harm done indirectly as a result of the act?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eare there any intended casualities caused by the act?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eis the act even necessary to commit?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo support a commercial enterprise that is harmful to other lives and/or\npromotes harm towards other beings, for the sake of convenience (as\nopposed to basic need) is selfish and unethical.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"13-appeal-to-emotion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e13 Appeal to Emotion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#13-appeal-to-emotion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAd misericordiam. Appeal to sympathy.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere the argument is based not on facts or construction, but on\nmanipulation of emotion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Culling \u0026rsquo;excess\u0026rsquo; deer is an unethical activity since deer are\nsentient beings and it is human activity that has reduced their\nhabitat.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Think of all the poor hungry people the venison will feed!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Having poor hungry people is a fault of the social and\nmunicipal mechanisms in society. One may sympathize with their\nsituation, but the deer should not have to compensate for human\nfailings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nC produces emotions favorable to stance we hold.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"131-traitor-to-ones-species\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e13.1 Traitor to one\u0026rsquo;s species! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#131-traitor-to-ones-species\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow dare you put the rights of animals above those of humans?! Have you\nno sense of loyalty? You are a traitor to your own species!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThere is no rational basis for insisting that any member show loyalty to\nits species. Dogs will fight dogs to save a human. Horses often relate\nbetter to humans than to other horses. Cats can co-exist with with\nvarious creatures (even birds and mice) and still show animosity towards\nother cats. Humans, as well, will defend their animal companions or even\nwildlife against the onslaught of other humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe notion that we should give priority to our own species is absurd. If\nit were otherwise, we should support legislation which would cause all\npet owners to be traitors to the human species because they have not\nturned in their animals to medical research to supposedly benefit other\nhumans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, a natural application of this \u0026rsquo;loyalty\u0026rsquo; to one\u0026rsquo;s own kind,\nproduces dangerous precedents, such as\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emen who oppose sexism are traitors to all men ā†’ label them\npro-feminists\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewhites who oppose racism are traitors to other whites ā†’ call them\nnigger lovers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHindus who supported religious tolerance were traitors to other Hindus\nā†’ they are our mortal enemies (Gandhi was murdered by a Hindu.)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"132-the-guilt-trip\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e13.2 The Guilt Trip \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#132-the-guilt-trip\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo you won\u0026rsquo;t buy a ticket for the Shiners Circus because you don\u0026rsquo;t like\nthem using animals in the acts! What about thinking of the poor burn\nvictims who are just children? Won\u0026rsquo;t you find it in your heart to help\nthese unfortunate children?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe argument here is a non sequitur effort which tries to associate not\ngetting a ticket to the Shiners Circus with not wanting to help\nchildren. Just because one doesn\u0026rsquo;t support that circus doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean that\none is opposed to supporting children.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn appropriate clarification would be \u0026ldquo;I do have it in my heart to help\nchildren, but I have no intention of supporting your Shriners who\nutilize children as a front while abusing animals in order to draw in\nmoney so their members can wear silly hats and throw parties\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"14-appeal-to-emotion-fear\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e14 Appeal to Emotion: Fear \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#14-appeal-to-emotion-fear\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eArgumentum ad metum. Argumentum in terrorem.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea here is to scare people into thinking you are right by\ndeception within the argument.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e The Ministry of the Environment has ordered killing of wolves\nbecause they seem to be showing up more frequently in inhabited areas.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, of course they did. Wolves can eat your babies and must\nbe prevented from doing so.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e One does not need to kill off wolves in order to protect\nbabies. One merely needs to not leave babies irresponsibly unattended. A\nprogram to relocate wolves would be a more humane solution than killing\nthem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nĀ¬ C produces fear.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"141-doctor-using-scare-tactics\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e14.1 Doctor using scare tactics \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#141-doctor-using-scare-tactics\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA remarkably healthy person goes to his doctor after several years and\nmakes a very positive impression.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoc: After going this long without having to go to the doctor I\u0026rsquo;ve got\nto ask, \u0026ldquo;What\u0026rsquo;s your secret?\u0026rdquo; RHP: Well, I\u0026rsquo;m a vegan and Iā€¦ Doc: What???\nA vegan??? Why??? Don\u0026rsquo;t you know how unhealthy that is??? ā€¦ you won\u0026rsquo;t be\nable to get enough protein ā€¦ I\u0026rsquo;m being erious as a heart-attack! ā€¦ You\ncan\u0026rsquo;t get enough iron in your diet ā€¦ to start eating red meat 3 times a\nweek or do massive supplements ā€¦ You have to be careful or you may even\nhave serious mental issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe interesting aspect of the doctor\u0026rsquo;s position is that there is not a\nsingle piece of factual evidence being presented. If RHP chose to pursue\nthe matter, he could show decades of amassed evidence clearly\ndemonstrating the \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-1\"\u003ebeneficial\nhealth\u003c/a\u003e\nconferred by a vegan diet. However, doing so is not likely to cause this\ndoctor to rethink his position since the intention is to frighten his\nclient into submission. The doctor unfortunately also reflects the\ndeliberate ignorance shown by the medical profession in that they are\n\u003ca href=\"https://nutritionfacts.org/video/medical-associations-oppose-bill-to-mandate-nutrition-training/\"\u003eunwilling to even learn about proper\nnutrition\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"142-they-wont-like-you\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e14.2 They won\u0026rsquo;t like you \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#142-they-wont-like-you\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t tell people about not eating meat, they won\u0026rsquo;t like you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is a rather poor rationalization that some people utilize in order\nto justify not taking action. The merit of whether an action is proper\nor not is not dependent upon whether one is liked. Furthermore, this\nattitude doesn\u0026rsquo;t take into account these two possibilities:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emany people may like you because you stood up for values of compassion\nmany people will not like the person who is telling you what not to do\nthereby that statement should not be made by its own logic\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"143-youll-lose-your-following\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e14.3 You\u0026rsquo;ll lose your following \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#143-youll-lose-your-following\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf only people that agree 100% with every aspect of vegan lifestyle are\nallowed on this forum, including only parents that feed their children\n100% vegan foods and did not get them vaccinated, you\u0026rsquo;d end up with 100\npeople MAX.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is unclear as to how the number of 100 is calculated. The argument\nassumes that restrictive parameters will be a detriment to the forum the\nassumption being that more is better. However, restrictions often\nencourage more people to join a group simply because they do not want to\ndeal with spam and nonsense. Furthermore, if the goal of the forum is to\nmaintain the standard of veganism, then it makes sense to have it\npopulated by vegans: quality over quantity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"15-appeal-to-emotion-force\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e15 Appeal to Emotion: Force \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#15-appeal-to-emotion-force\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAd baculum. Scare tactics. Appeal to force.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea here is to force people into thinking you are right with a\nthreat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e The Ministry of the Environment has ordered killing of wolves.\nThis an act of cruelty towards sentient beings.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e You need to cut out these nonsensical statements. If you\ndon\u0026rsquo;t, you see this phaser I\u0026rsquo;m holding? I just have to use it to melt\nyour mouth shut!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Your phaser does not negate the correctness of my statement.\nBesides, I took the precaution of discharging yours, Lore.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nĀ¬ C produces fear.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"151-boycotting-businesses-and-more\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e15.1 Boycotting businesses and more \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#151-boycotting-businesses-and-more\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes scare tactics can be used effectively on behalf of victims,\nespecially when one has real power to wield. Here is an excerpt from an\nevent in 2006 in which activist and business man Bruce Foerster\n\u0026lsquo;persuaded\u0026rsquo; the Belize government, that it would not be in their\ninterests to support Japan\u0026rsquo;s slaughtering of whales:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a business owner here in Belize I am ashamed that you would betray\nthe world\u0026rsquo;s few remaining whales by helping authorize their slaughter\nand should you indeed pursue this I will immediately sell my large\nresort and take all of my capital out of the country, compromising the\n100 full time positions which this resort provides and the millions of\ndollars we invest annually into the local economy. I simply cannot\ntolerate such a destructive move on your part and will not live nor\ninvest in a country which pretends to care for the environment but in\nreality cares only for the dirty money that they can earn by voting to\ndestroy the relatively few whales that these butchers have not already\npainfully and mercilessly slaughtered.You are risking a huge economic\nbacklash and a tourism boycott should you make the mistake of voting\nfor the destruction of these rare and intelligent mammals! \u003ca href=\"https://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/ipaul-watsoni-power-of-one-can-end-the-killing-of-the-whales/ZJWZHH47FGLBZATZAQNY7EQPEU/\"\u003eThe Power\nof One Can End the Killing of the\nWhales\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote that the idea of a boycott involves the application of the appeal\nto fear, however, it is not necessarily a logical fallacy. Here, Bruce\nsubstantiates his future actions giving reasons why whale slaughter is\nethically immoral as well as environmentally absurd, then follows up\nwith a statement of consequences. Bruce spoke and Belize listened!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"16-appeal-to-emotion-pity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e16 Appeal to Emotion: Pity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#16-appeal-to-emotion-pity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAd misericordiam.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy trying to create pity, one hopes that the claim will be accepted.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e The practice of sucking oviductory excretions, drinking bovine\nsecretions and eating corpse parts is proven to be harmful to birds,\ncows and various other sentient beings.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh come on Data! Don\u0026rsquo;t be such a heartless android! These poor\npeople get heart disease, cancer, osteroporosis, constipation and a lot\nof other diseases. Just let\u0026rsquo;em be, eh!\u003cbr\u003e\nDate: I do appreciate the pity you show these individuals and what is\nhappening to them is certainly unfortunate. However, they are the ones\nwho are deliberately engaging in these practices which are harmful to\nthemselves. They have a choice not to do so. Their victims do not have\nany choice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nC is presented surrounded by an aura of pity.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"161-but-theyll-just-starve\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e16.1 But they\u0026rsquo;ll just starve! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#161-but-theyll-just-starve\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI recognize that the mass killing of animals isn\u0026rsquo;t pretty, but they are\ndoing it for food.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe implication is that somehow certain unfortunates would starve\nhorribly to death if factory farms were shut down. Evidently, those who\nput forth such pitiful arguments haven\u0026rsquo;t discovered vegetarianism yet\ndespite its centuries old existence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"162-those-vegetarians-are-picking-on-the-poor-bashers-of-baby-seals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e16.2 Those vegetarians are picking on the poor bashers of baby seals! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#162-those-vegetarians-are-picking-on-the-poor-bashers-of-baby-seals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnti-seal hunt advocates are vegetarians who have set their sights on\nstruggling East Coast hunters rather than fighting the beef cartel, says\na Liberal senator.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSen. CĆ©line Hervieux-Payette told The Huffington Post Canada that\nLiberals and Conservatives have been united in trying to prevent rogue\nLiberal Sen. Mac Harb from tabling a bill banning Canada\u0026rsquo;s commercial\nseal hunt for several years because it is \u0026ldquo;disturbing to the whole\nscene.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;It is giving the vegetarians a big opportunity,\u0026rdquo; Hervieux-Payette\nsaid. (excerpt from \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/archive/ca/entry/canadian-seal-hunt-to-be-debated-in-senate_n_1468337\"\u003eHuffington Post\nArticle\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nApart from the complete inaccuracy of this remarkably absurd statement\n(most anti seal slaughter advocates are not vegetarians given that the\ncampaign is so large and worldwide), one does have to wonder about the\ncapacity for reasoning of Hervieux-Payette. If they really were\nvegetarians, then it would make sense that they would protest the beef\ncartel and not the seal slaughter because the vast majority of corpse\neaters never eat seal flesh. So why would vegetarians come out in great\nnumbers to protest something no one would eat in the first place? This\nwould seem to be yet another effort to desperately draw pity for the\n\u0026ldquo;struggling East Coast hunters\u0026rdquo; who like to bash in the skulls of\nhelpless baby seals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"17-appeal-to-nature\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17 Appeal to Nature \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#17-appeal-to-nature\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eArgumentum ad naturam.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNature is utilized axiomatically as an authority. If it happens in\nnature then it is assumed to be good/optimal. The fact that nature\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t always do things that are good/optimal is ignored. Furthermore,\nit is never really defined exactly what \u0026rsquo;natural\u0026rsquo; means. For instance,\nif a beaver builds a dam that is supposed to be natural, but if a man\nbuilds a house that is considered unnatural.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e The fur and leather industries are exploitative towards\nsentient beings.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh come on! Do you realize that these are natural products\nrather than synthetic! Nature does things right! So do it her way!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e In nature, no creature takes the skin off another creature\u0026rsquo;s\nback to wear it. Furthermore, leather and fur undergo extensive\nprocessing which is detrimental to the environment. Finally, calling\nthese products of cruelty \u0026rsquo;natural\u0026rsquo; doesn\u0026rsquo;t address the issue of\nexploitation at all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nC is natural.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"171-arguing-the-tooth\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.1 Arguing the tooth \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#171-arguing-the-tooth\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have the teeth to tear and chew and grind flesh therefore we should\neat meat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nHere we have one of the most blatant denials of reality. The argument is\nthat nature provided humans with the proper physiology to eat corpse\nparts, so we should.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first error is the fallacy itself. Simply because it appears nature\nprovided something is no reason to argue that using it is the correct\nthing to do. For instance, gorillas have large canines, but are\nvegetarians. Nature also provided humans with an appendix, but it isn\u0026rsquo;t\nused because it isn\u0026rsquo;t necessary. Nature also provided humans with fists\nto injure each other, but most humans seem to realize that such usage of\nthese gifts of nature may not be in the best interests of the parties\nconcerned.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe second error is that humans really don\u0026rsquo;t have the teeth to \u0026rsquo;tear\u0026rsquo;\nwith and the \u0026lsquo;chewing and grinding\u0026rsquo; isn\u0026rsquo;t done with corpse parts anyway\nsince carnivores general swallow pieces of flesh without chewing or\ngrinding. Some humans point to their canines with pride, yet don\u0026rsquo;t seem\nto understand that these are actually rather small compared to those of\na bear, dog or cat. However, human canines have proven their immense\nvalue at tearing cellophane after hunting down bargain slabs of meat in\ngrocery stores.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"172-the-carnivore-mantra\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.2 The Carnivore Mantra \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#172-the-carnivore-mantra\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA common implementation of this fallacy involved the \u0026ldquo;carnivores must\neat meat\u0026rdquo; mantra which appears with equal enthusiasm in both veg and\nnonveg discussions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite the healthy, documented existence of veg dogs and cats for more\nthan 2 decades, some people insist that pets classified as carnivores\nmust eat meat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe argument usually develops something like this display of goal post\nmoving:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTry 1: Dogs must eat meat to survive ā€¦ ooops that\u0026rsquo;s wrong because there\nare plenty of surviving dogs who do not eat any meat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTry 2: Dogs must eat meat to thrive ā€¦ ooops that\u0026rsquo;s wrong too since it is\nregularly shown that veg dogs at the very least match their meat-fed\ncounterparts as per clear eyes, great coats, energy, disposition and\nevery other criteria (including longevity).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTry 3: Well it\u0026rsquo;s not their optimal diet ā€¦ ooops that can\u0026rsquo;t be\ndemonstrated either since we have surveys and studies showing veg dogs\nactually are less susceptible to meat induced diseases like infections,\nskin problems, arthritis, heart problems, weight issues, digestive\ndifficulties, hypothyroidism, cancer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTry 4: Not much left, so what can be done except to claim they should\neat meat because they have big teeth ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell obviously the \u0026ldquo;my what big teeth you have\u0026rdquo; hypothesis, while useful\nfor Little Red Riding Hood, isn\u0026rsquo;t particularly valid as an argument in\nlight of the preponderance of evidence which goes beyond just the\nstudies to the fact that mainstream pet food companies have a veg line\nsimply because many dogs just can\u0026rsquo;t handle meat based diets.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow what is interesting to note is the form of the argument used by the\nmantra chanters:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf dogs eat meat, there are positive consequences (by the \u0026ldquo;my what big\nteeth you have\u0026rdquo; hypothesis). āˆ“ dogs should eat meat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor in its wishful thinking form\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI wish it to be true that eating meat is good for dogs (because I\nbelieve in the \u0026ldquo;my what big teeth you have\u0026rdquo; hypothesis). āˆ“ eating meat\nis good for them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUtilization of this fallacy of course makes it possible to disregard all\nevidence to the contrary.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"18-appeal-to-novelty\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e18 Appeal to Novelty \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#18-appeal-to-novelty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eArgumentum ad novitatem. Appeal to the New. Newer is Better.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea here is to assume that some newer item or approach is better\nbecause it is more recent.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e The bones-and-raw-food-paleos (BARFPal) diet that just came\nout is not very intelligently designed as far as human nutrition is\nconcerned.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Geez Data! This is the latest and greatest way of eating. It\u0026rsquo;s\ngotta be fantastic!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Being the latest and greatest is not an indication of optimal\nor even intelligent. Sometimes each latest and greatest item is a\nshort-lived fad or even a risky venture as demonstrated by all the\nlatest and greatest \u003ca href=\"https://money.cnn.com/2010/08/16/news/companies/drug_recall_surge/index.htm\"\u003edrugs which get\nrecalled\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nC is new.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"19-appeal-to-popularity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e19 Appeal to Popularity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#19-appeal-to-popularity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eArgumentum ad populum. Appeal to the people. Appeal to the masses.\nAppeal to belief. Appeal to the majority. Argument by consensus.\nConsensus fallacy. Authority of the many. Bandwagon. Argumentum ad\nnumerum. Appeal to the number. Consensus gentium.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is an attempt to win an argument through the claim of it being\nsupported by some majority of opinions. The assumption is that since\nmost people agree with a conclusion, the conclusion must be correct. In\nthese situations, what \u0026lsquo;most people\u0026rsquo; really constitutes or whether \u0026lsquo;most\npeople\u0026rsquo; actually exists isn\u0026rsquo;t always clear. Even if \u0026lsquo;most people\u0026rsquo; do a\ncertain thing, there is no reason to think they are doing a good/correct\nthing as repeatedly evidenced by political elections.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Drinking bovine mammarian secretions is hazardous to one\u0026rsquo;s\nhealth not to mention the animals that are subjected to exploitation and\nabuse to produce it.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh c\u0026rsquo;mon! Most people in the USA like to drink milk, so doing\nso is ok!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Most people in the USA also end up being afflicted with heart\ndisease, cancer, arthritis, eczema, asthma, respiratory\ninfections,diabetes and osteoporosis (2nd highest in the world next to\nthe Inuits) for instance, which are diseases linked to dairy\nconsumption.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nMost people agree on, approve of, believe in, support (etc) C.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"191-we-have-80-of-the-population-on-our-side-so-we-must-be-right\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e19.1 We have 80% of the population on our side, so we must be right! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#191-we-have-80-of-the-population-on-our-side-so-we-must-be-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, Americans just donā€™t support the killing. In a survey of\nAmericansā€™ attitudes towards outdoor cats, over 80 percent responded\nthat they believe it is more humane to leave a cat outside than to have\nher caught and killed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe above argument utilizes a specific statistic in order to assert its\ncorrectness. Even if an overwhelming majority support a concept, such\nsupport doesn\u0026rsquo;t validite the concept. If ethics were simply a matter of\nvoting, the state of moral judgment would be as precarious as the state\nof politics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"20-appeal-to-popularity-belief\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e20 Appeal to Popularity: Belief \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#20-appeal-to-popularity-belief\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eArgumentum ad populum family.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is an attempt to win an argument through the claim that many or\nmost people believe the conclusion to be true: \u0026ldquo;If many believe so, it\nis so.\u0026rdquo; There are situations though where the belief of a certain number\nof people does align with the reality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Vivisection is a very cruel form of animal abuse.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Many medical researchers experiment on animals because they\nbelieve it\u0026rsquo;s all for the greater good, so they can\u0026rsquo;t all be wrong.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Having a majority of believers doesn\u0026rsquo;t make something correct.\nFor instance, at several points in history a majority believed that the\nearth was flat and that bats are blind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nMost people believe that C is true.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"201-my-parents-told-me-so-there\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e20.1 My parents told me, so there! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#201-my-parents-told-me-so-there\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEating meat is part of most people\u0026rsquo;s nutrition regimen. They were taught\nthis by their parents.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nIn certain parts of the world, children are taught by their parents to\ndo certain things. Most children grow up believing that what they have\nbeen taught is correct which is why most adults tend to follow common\npractices. Unfortunately, most adults do not necessarily contemplate\nwhether the practices they follow are beneficial or even morally\nappropriate. Hence, a wrong action can be propagated over generations\njustified purely on the basis of parental tutelage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"21-appeal-to-popularity-common-practice\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e21 Appeal to Popularity: Common Practice \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#21-appeal-to-popularity-common-practice\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eArgumentum ad numerum. Part of the Argumentum ad populum family.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere the attempt is made by reference to the fact that many people\nengage in the action supported by the argument.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Factory farms are a very cruel institution.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh really now! Most people eat meat!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e The fact that many people eat meat isn\u0026rsquo;t a justification for\neating meat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nMany people do C.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"22-appeal-to-ridicule\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e22 Appeal to Ridicule \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#22-appeal-to-ridicule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppeal to Mockery. The Horse Laugh.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is an attempt to prove that C is true because Ā¬ C is made fun of.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Vegetarians tend to be comparatively healthy compared to\ncorpse eaters.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e That\u0026rsquo;s so totally laughable my circuits are fusing! Don\u0026rsquo;t you\nknow that vegetarian means lousy hunter?\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Actually, vegetarian doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean lousy hunter. That is simply\nan ill-conceived effort at weak humor. Besides, ridiculing vegetarians\ndoes not change the fact that they tend to exhibit a \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-1\"\u003esuperior level of\nhealth as well as health\nawareness\u003c/a\u003e\nthan non-vegetarians.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nĀ¬ C is presented in an aura of absurdity.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"23-appeal-to-spite\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e23 Appeal to Spite \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#23-appeal-to-spite\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eArgumentum ad odium.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere a conclusion is asserted to be true based on one\u0026rsquo;s personal\nspitefulness rather than the conclusion\u0026rsquo;s validity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Vegans do hold the moral high ground.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Well if you keep up this self-righteous stuff, you\u0026rsquo;ll turn\neveryone off! That\u0026rsquo;s why I\u0026rsquo;ll never be a vegan because you guys go\naround wearing your judgemental halos all the time.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e That vegans hold the moral high ground can be demonstrated via\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-3\"\u003eethical\narguments\u003c/a\u003e\nas well as numerous examples of vegans accepted for their ethical\nleadership and perspectives. The fact that you do not seem to like them,\nis not an argument to negate my point.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nĀ¬ C is presented in an aura of spite.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"231-vegan-be-ashamed-vegan-be-grateful\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e23.1 Vegan be ashamed! Vegan be grateful! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#231-vegan-be-ashamed-vegan-be-grateful\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGeez, people are dying of starvation all over the world and here\u0026rsquo;s you\nwith your \u0026lsquo;fad\u0026rsquo; diet turning down food they would kill for. You should\nbe ashamedā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t see why vegans are so ungrateful vegans should just shut up and\neat the meat , they should be happy to have food at dinner ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe statements above has no merit since neither even attempts to\nformulate any sort of an argument. Rather each is an effort to denigrate\nvegans simply because of their choice to not adhere to the standard\ncorpse eating fare. The logical impact is equivalent to \u0026ldquo;You should be\nchastised because you stayed sober when the rest of us are sloshed out\nof our minds\u0026rdquo;. In other words, the translation is simply, \u0026ldquo;You choose to\nbe vegan and we don\u0026rsquo;t like you because of that.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"24-appeal-to-stupidity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e24 Appeal to Stupidity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#24-appeal-to-stupidity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eArgumentum ad plumbeum. Deliberately dullard. Feigned ignorance.\nThinking hurts my head.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsually argumentative individuals try to show off the cleverness of\ntheir case. However, when there is a paucity of that quantity, an\nattempt is occasionally made to be excused from understanding why they\nare wrong and the opponent is right. The hope is to put issues out of\nsight and out of mind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e It is cruel and unethical to imprison, exploit, abuse and\nmurder sentient beings.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Ok but, ummm, what does that even mean? My circuits are frying\nup thinking about it. This stuff is too complicated, so it can\u0026rsquo;t be\nright.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Whether or not you can understand the moral significance of my\nstatement, does not affect its correctness. However, I would be happy to\nexplain the details to you as soon as you are willing to undergo an\nupgrade, followed by a reboot.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nC is viewed as being too complex.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ Ā¬ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"25-appeal-to-tradition\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e25 Appeal to Tradition \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#25-appeal-to-tradition\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAd antiquitatem. Appeal to the Old. Old Ways are Best. Fallacious\nAppeal to the Past.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the it\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;been always done this way\u0026rdquo;, it\u0026rsquo;s traditional, it\u0026rsquo;s\ncultural and so it must be correct, attitude.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e The Canadian Seal Slaughter is a brutal and barbaric massacre\nof defenseless baby seals.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Ya but so what! It\u0026rsquo;s a tradition in Newfoundland. It\u0026rsquo;s\ncultural. It\u0026rsquo;s in their heritage to brutalize helpless animals.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Just because something is traditional, does not make it\nmorally acceptable. Culture is not equivalent to correctness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nC is traditional, cultural, old.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"251-killing-for-a-long-long-time\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e25.1 Killing for a long, long time \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#251-killing-for-a-long-long-time\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have been killing animals for food since the discovery of fire.\nThat\u0026rsquo;s a long time! A lot of history supports these actions!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nHistory merely records what has happened. It does not justify what has\nhappened. Humans have been killing each other even before the discovery\nof fire, but it seems some have at least managed to understand that\nthere is something wrong with such actions. Many have evolved away from\ntraditional barbarities to recognize that there really is something\nwrong with killing animals as well. As Leonardo da Vinci is believed to\nhave said, \u0026ldquo;The time will come when men such as I will look upon the\nmurder of animals as they now look upon the murder of men.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"26-begging-the-question\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e26 Begging the Question \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#26-begging-the-question\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePetitio Principii. Circular Definition. Circular Reasoning. Reasoning\nin a Circle. Chicken and Egg argument.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe premises of an argument claim that the conclusion is true. The\nfallacy can be very short and usually obvious or appear in many parts,\nthereby disguising the claim.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Abuse of animals should not be permitted in civilized\nsociety.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Ha! If abusing animals really were illegal, it would be\nprohibited by the law.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Since the law determines what is illegal, the truth of your\nconclusion is assumed by your premise. In other words, your premise\nessentially states your conclusion. While such arguments have to be\nlogically \u0026lsquo;correct\u0026rsquo;, they are also quite useless since they are\nequivalent to arguing that \u0026ldquo;if 1 is a number, then 1 is a number\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nIf C, then C.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"261-its-against-the-law\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e26.1 It\u0026rsquo;s against the law! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#261-its-against-the-law\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can\u0026rsquo;t kill humans for food. That is against the law. [animal abuse\nis] not [analogous to] owning slaves because even though humans were\nat one point able to buy and sell other humans, that is no longer\nlawful.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nNote that both of the above have the same form: It is against the law to\nkill/buy/sell humans, because it is against the law.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuch a presentation has no merit logically since it does not actually\nsay anything at all. However, it is thrown as a counter into arguments\nwhere humans are substituted for animals in situations of suffering, in\nthe hopes that the absurdness of the fallacy will go unnoticed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"27-burden-of-proof\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e27 Burden of Proof \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#27-burden-of-proof\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAd ignorantiam. Appeal to Ignorance.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen a claim is made, the burden of proof lies on the side of the\nclaimant. Sometimes an unscruplous debator will try to transfer the\nburden of proof to the other side. A variation of this fallacy is to\nsuggest that if you can\u0026rsquo;t prove something to be false, then it is\nautomatically true.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Vivisection causes horrendous suffering to animals.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e You can\u0026rsquo;t prove that animals feel pain. Though they exhibit\npain behavior, since they have no consciousness, they feel no pain.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e While we cannot conclusively \u0026lsquo;prove\u0026rsquo; that animals (or humans,\nfor that matter) feel pain, there are several factors which support the\npremise that they are capable of suffering just as humans. These factors\ninclude physiological and behavior similarities to humans as well as\nevolutionary\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-4\"\u003eevidence\u003c/a\u003e\nprovided by homology which demonstrates that humans developed their\ntraits on the foundations provided by their animal ancestors. Based on\nthese findings, the burden of proof lies not with me, Lore, but on you\nto prove that animals feel no pain. Finally, the inability to\nconclusively prove something as true (ie animals/humans feel pain), does\nnot automatically make it untrue (ie animals/humans do not feel pain).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nC is claimed by A.\u003cbr\u003e\nĀ¬ C is unprovable.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"28-complex-question\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e28 Complex Question \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#28-complex-question\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLoaded question. Presupposition.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwo points which are not related are joined in a single question so that\nthey have to both be accepted or rejected together. Generally, one is\nacceptable while the other is not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Many humans engage in animal abuse and need to be stopped from\ndoing so.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e So you vegans must support animal rights and hate humans,\neh?\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e You are actually making two disconnected points here, Lore.\nOne is that vegans hate humans. The other is that we support animal\nrights. The two have nothing to do with each other, yet your question\nrequires me to either affirm or deny both. As such, your question needs\nto be appropriately rephrased in order to deserve an answer, beyond what\nI have provided just now.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nC,D are unrelated.\u003cbr\u003e\nC,D are phrased in the same sentence with a connective such as āˆ§.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ (C āˆ§ D) āˆØ Ā¬ (C āˆ§ D).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"281-still-arsoning\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e28.1 Still arsoning? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#281-still-arsoning\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAre you animal rights fanatics still burning down legitimate animal\nproduction facilities or have you finally stopped this sort of illegal\nactivity?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe argument is setup with two separate questions each of which makes\nassumptions which are not verified. The first question implies that\nthose who support animal rights are committing arson. While some\nactivists do engage in arson, there is no grounds to assume and accuse\none of arson simply because he/she is an animal rights activists. The\nsecond question assumes that the implication of the first is valid and\nasks if the activity has been terminated. However, since it has not been\nestablished that animal rights activists do engage in arson, the second\nquestion is inappropriate to ask.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"29-false-cause-of-effect\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e29 False Cause of Effect \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#29-false-cause-of-effect\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNon causa pro causa. Cum hoc ergo propter hoc. Questionable cause.\nFalse cause. Ignoring a common cause. Wrong direction.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen events A and B occur in close proximity and established order, it\nis falsely assumed that A is the cause of B.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Animal sacrifices were a brutish pastime of savage cultures.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e What are you talking about? They sacrificed animals and got\ngood rains and decent crops as well as victories in wars.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e The slaughter of animals does not affect natural events or\nmilitary exploits just because the former precedes the latter. The same\nprimitive mentality exists with vivisectors who think sacrificing\nanimals will somehow lead to curing human illnesses even though there is\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/ycc/fallacies/ref.html#sec-5\"\u003eplenty of evidence to the\ncontrary\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nA is seen to be followed by B.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ A is the cause of B.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"291-the-meatgasm\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e29.1 The Meatgasm! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#291-the-meatgasm\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;And then there is the kind of instantaneous healing that occurs with\nthe first bites of animal food. In The Vegetarian Myth, Lierre says ā€œI\ncould feel every cell in my body - literally every cell - pulsing. And\nfinally, finally being fed.ā€ Tasha says ā€œI had only eaten a small piece\nof cow flesh, and yet I felt totally full, but light and refreshed all\nat once.ā€ Eating meat also instantly improved her heart rate!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nSince one actually has to digest the nutrients and have them find their\nway to those \u0026lsquo;pulsing cells\u0026rsquo;, the accounts above are physiologically not\npossible. Therefore, one must conclude that either Lierre and Tasha were\nbeing influenced by a strong desperation which manifested itself as a\nplacebo effect or they were under the influence of drugs that animals\nare routinely subjected to or may be they did their own.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"292-people-live-longer-now-than-ever-before\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e29.2 People live longer now than ever before! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#292-people-live-longer-now-than-ever-before\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEveryone lives longer now than in the past so they must be doing things\nright like eating meat and taking medicines.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nFirst, the statement idea of everyone living longer these days is not\ncorrect. Longevity has much to do with sufficient, proper nutrition,\nhygiene and genetics. In the past, there were many who lived well past\nthe average expectancy of modern times. In third world countries, the\nlife expectancies are still quite low due to factors such as\nmalnourishment and unclean living conditions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe assertion that longer life spans are attributable to eating corpse\nparts and doing drugs, is a variation of questionable cause since the\nconsequent is assumed from two cherry-picked antecedents without any\nrationale. One could also have made the claim that people live longer\nthese days because of global warming or the increased levels of mercury\nin fish.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"293-tallest-people-in-the-world-eat-corpse\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e29.3 Tallest people in the world eat corpse! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#293-tallest-people-in-the-world-eat-corpse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDutch people are the tallest people in the world, and the amount of\nanimal products they consume is enormous, much higher than any other\ncountry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nFirst, though the Dutch are presently the tallest people in the world,\nthey certainly don\u0026rsquo;t consume a higher amount of animal products than any\nother country. A 1997 report shows that they ranked 7th (while a \u003ca href=\"https://www.foodnavigator.com/Article/2022/02/15/Dutch-consumers-back-animal-free-future-of-meat\"\u003e2022\narticle\u003c/a\u003e\nsay one-quarter of consumers hope the future of meat will be animal\nfree). More importantly, to attribute one factor as the cause without\nproper controls is improper. One may as well argue that most Dutch are\nfair skinned and that is what causes their height. Nor is it correct to\nargue that diet is closely connected to physical features because it\ndepends upon what features we are talking about (eg an animal based diet\nresults in atheromas and osteoporosis, but not height except through\nhormones). We also have a case of misapplication of the general (diet is\nclosely connected to some physical developments) to a specific\n(therefore, diet determines height).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"30-false-dilemma\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e30 False Dilemma \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#30-false-dilemma\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBlack and white. Bifurcation. False dichotomy. Morton\u0026rsquo;s fork. False\nchoice.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere alternatives are limited to an either-or situation. The argument is\npresented in such a way that one choice becomes true because the other\nchoice is false. For instance, consider the phrase \u0026ldquo;either you are with\nus or against us\u0026rdquo; which doesn\u0026rsquo;t take into account the concept of\nneutrality. In some situations, of course the argument can be valid:\n\u0026ldquo;either you are alive or dead, and since you are not dead, you are\nalive\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Many humans oppose experimentation on animals for the benefit\nof humans.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Well that\u0026rsquo;s ridiculous! How can anyone prefer an animal to a\nhuman?! They must be anti-human! You\u0026rsquo;re either with us or against us!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Just because a human is against exploiting an animal for the\npurpose of supposedly serving a human, does not make the person\nanti-human. It merely makes the person anti-exploiting animals. Besides,\nLore have you forgotten you really aren\u0026rsquo;t a human?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nX āˆØ Y.\u003cbr\u003e\nĀ¬ Y.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ X.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"301-your-child-or-your-dog\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e30.1 Your child or your dog \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#301-your-child-or-your-dog\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou are on a boat with a baby and a puppy. The boat starts to sink.\nWhich are you going to save?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is the classic false dilemma. The instigator has not only set the\nhypothetical environment and the players, (s)he has also established the\nrules in that you have to save either one or the other. The reality is\nthat you\u0026rsquo;d be pretty foolish to go in a boat with a baby and a puppy\nwithout taking precautions for their safety in the first place.\nFurthermore, the situation overlooks the possibility of your saving both\nbecause you can utilize existing resources or saving neither because you\ncan\u0026rsquo;t swim. The intent of the effort of false dilemma is to force a\nkobiashi maru (no-win) where you appear to be either a traitor to your\nspecies or a traitor to your cause. It\u0026rsquo;s a pathetic and stale effort,\nbut it is still attempted by immature individuals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"302-the-baby-kitty-and-coin-variation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e30.2 The baby, kitty and coin variation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#302-the-baby-kitty-and-coin-variation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf a baby and a kitten were about to be run over by a train, would you\nsave the baby, save the kitty, or flip a coin to decide which one to\nsave? _Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is essentially the same scenario with a choice selector mechanism\nattached. Note that the choices are still the same: save either the baby\nor the kitty. The only difference is to offer an additional value\nstatement which amounts to \u0026ldquo;I do not really care whether I save the baby\nor the kitty\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes people erroneously think they have presented a new scenario\nvia this value selector, but it should be emphasized that the choices\nare still the same. Merely the mechanism for making one has been\naugmented.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne could extend this mechanism ad absurdum by\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003econsult with a priest to help make the decision discuss the matter with\nthe Libertarian Advocacy Group regarding rights of babies on train\ntracks ask for guidance from The International Society of Cat Right\nLovers correspond with the Train Engineers Association These efforts do\nnot change the choices allowed anymore than the coin-toss, which is why\nthe False Dilemma exists.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoolean logic allows only four possibilities as far as who gets saved:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBaby Kitty Result T T both get saved T F squished kitty F T squished\nbaby F F both squished The scenario, despite introduction of any\nmechanisms ad absurdium, still permits only the middle two choices,\ndisallowing the bottom and unfortunately the top items (both demonstrate\nwith different results that no value preference is given to one party\nover the other). Having only the choices which necessitates a death, is\nwhat makes the scenario a False Dilemma.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"31-gamblers-fallacy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e31 Gambler\u0026rsquo;s Fallacy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#31-gamblers-fallacy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePost Hoc. Attribution Theory. Fundamental Attribution Error.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea here is to conclude that because a number of events contrary to\nexpectations have taken place, the next one is going to be what is\nexpected.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e There are several cohort studies showing the \u003ca href=\"http://www.aafp.org/afp/2009/0401/p541.html\"\u003elong-term\nbenefits of vegetarian\ndiets\u003c/a\u003e.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Well obviously they got lucky with the first 76000 over the\ndecade long observations. If they\u0026rsquo;d gone to 76001 and continued for a\nfew extra days, then you\u0026rsquo;d undoubtedly see how dangerous these\nanimal-product-free diets really are!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e If you throw dice 10 times and get snake eyes each time, there\nis no reason to think that it must be otherwise on the 11th try. In\nfact, there is good reason to appreciate that the dice are loaded. So it\nis with strict vegetarian diets because they are indeed loaded, for\noptimal health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nX is contrary to expectations.\u003cbr\u003e\nX has occurred N times in a row.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ next time Ā¬ X.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"311-you-need-to-be-vegan-for-eternity-to-convince-me\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e31.1 You need to be vegan for eternity to convince me! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#311-you-need-to-be-vegan-for-eternity-to-convince-me\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI\u0026rsquo;ve got a mate I\u0026rsquo;ve known for 7 years now and he supposed to be into\nhealthy eating. He is getting fatter, sicker and slower, but he won\u0026rsquo;t go\nveg even though he knows I\u0026rsquo;ve been that way for a long time. He says\n\u0026ldquo;Yeah, I\u0026rsquo;m not so convinced man! I need you do be vegan longer than 11\nyears before I really commit\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe above is a puzzling instance of the gambler fallacy in that the\nindividual in question seems to want to anticipate failure of the veg\ndiet at some point in the future despite the obvious long-term benefits\nalready demonstrated. The underlying motivation likely has nothing to do\nwith fear that the veg diet will fail. It is more plausible to assume\nthat the person just wants to consume corpse products and is determined\nto find excuses, however absurd, for doing so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"32-generalization-composition\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e32 Generalization: Composition \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#32-generalization-composition\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFaulty Induction.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe characteristics of parts of a group are erroneously applied to the\nentire group. For instance, Hitler was a brutal tyrant, therefore the\nhuman race is brutal and tyrannical.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e The brutal mass killing of 50000 dogs in China due to a rabies\nscare is ethically unjustifiable.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e They had to kill all the dogs because a few of them were found\nto have rabies. So it is obvious that all of them had rabies!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e By that reasoning, we should have to kill all dogs everywhere.\nIf a few of them were found to have rabies, then it is likely that only\na few did have rabies. An entire barrel should not be judged by a few\nrotten ones.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nA,B,C āˆˆ S.\u003cbr\u003e\nA,B,C has characteristic K.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ S has characteristic K.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"321-thats-why-theyre-called-animals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e32.1 That\u0026rsquo;s why they\u0026rsquo;re called animals! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#321-thats-why-theyre-called-animals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChimpanzees of one group have wars over territory with chimps of another\ngroup. Dogs, and many creatures, are capable of rape. Cats will kill\ntheir young if they show some defect. In effect: Animals have been known\nto display bad behavior. Bad behavior is in opposition to moral\nreasoning. Therefore, all animals are incapable of moral reasoning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is illogical to conclude that because some animals act viciously,\nhence immorally, all animals act immorally. The science of cognitive\nethology over the past few decades clearly shows that many animals have\na very clear sense of ethics as demonstrated by the works of Mark\nBekoff, Jonathan Balcombe and Jeffrey Masson for instance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCuriously, this line of reasoning is devastating for humans who have had\n(and continue to have) a far worse record of brutality and\naggressiveness towards each other compared to any animal:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ the ultimate disobedience to this fantasy is the continuous predation\nby humans on other humans. War, famine, theft, rape, child abuse, and\nnumerous varieties of discrimination based on race, gender, class,\nreligious belief, appearance, language, age, height, economic status,\nā€¦\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/kg/the-common-sense-animal-rights-argument/\"\u003eThe Common Sense Animal Rights\nArgument\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe obvious conclusion by the prior reasoning is that: All humans are\nincapable of moral reasoning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt does appear evident though, that some humans seem to be incapable of\nlogical reasoning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"322-meat-has-protein\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e32.2 Meat has protein \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#322-meat-has-protein\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeat is one of the highest sources of protein! You need protein! So you\nneed meat!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is a typical argument produced in favor of corpse eating. It is\ntrue that certain meat products have a high protein content.\nFurthermore, it is true that humans need to consume a certain amount of\nprotein. However, those two antecedents, despite their correctness, does\nnot lead to the consequent that one needs to eat meat in order to get\nprotein. There are plenty of vegetarian protein sources. These are not\nonly of higher quality from an assimilable point of view, they do not\ncontain the various chemicals, toxins, hormones and other hazards corpse\nproducts invariably have. The argument is as absurd pragmatically as\nsaying engine coolant has water; you need to drink water; therefore, you\nneed to drink engine coolant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"33-generalization-division\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e33 Generalization: Division \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#33-generalization-division\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFaulty deduction.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe characteristics of a group are erroneously applied universally to\nthe individuals of a group. For instance, humans are greedy and selfish,\ntherefore Gandhi was greedy and selfish.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Dogs generally tend to like to be playful and friendly.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Right and any dog who isn\u0026rsquo;t should be killed because there\u0026rsquo;s\nsomething seriously wrong with it and could be a danger.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Each dog has his/her own personality. While all dogs share\ncertain characteristics, it is erroneous to think that all dogs will\npossess exactly the same characteristic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nA,B,C āˆˆ S.\u003cbr\u003e\nS has characteristic K.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ A,B,C have characteristic K\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"34-generalization-hasty\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e34 Generalization: Hasty \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#34-generalization-hasty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eInsufficient statistics. Insufficient sample. Leaping to a conclusion.\nHasty induction.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeing somewhat similar to composition, here a conclusion is drawn about\npopulation P, based on an insufficiently small sample S from P.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e A new poll shows that there are more than 9 million vegans in\nUSA.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e No way! I asked 10 people on the street if they were vegan and\nnot one of them said yes.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e A sample size of 10 people is not sufficiently large to draw\nmeaningful conclusions about a population of over 311 million. A recent\npoll showed that 3% of the population was vegan, so that would mean in\nyour sample size you\u0026rsquo;d have only a 0.3 part of a person admitting to\nbeing vegan. You could ask 100 people and you may find that there would\nbe 3 in that sample who were vegan.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nC is shown to be true from sample S of population P.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C for all P.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"341-so-how-come-im-not-dead-already\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e34.1 So how come I\u0026rsquo;m not dead already? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#341-so-how-come-im-not-dead-already\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf meat is so bad for you, why am I not sick? If meat eating is so bad\nthan why haven\u0026rsquo;t I heard of it yet. Whatever doesn\u0026rsquo;t kill you, makes you\nstronger - so eat corpse parts!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is a common class of attitudes based on a restrictive, temporal\nsampling. Eating products from the corpse industries don\u0026rsquo;t do immediate,\nvisible damage any more than smoking does. Therefore, it is easy to\nclaim that because one doesn\u0026rsquo;t see any harm done, no harm is done.\nHowever, illnesses such as cancer, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular\ndisease, ischemic strokes, osteoporosis do develop over a period of a\ncouple of decades to the point where good health is not only hampered,\nbut one\u0026rsquo;s quality of life and even the life itself is jeopardized.\nSometimes the first symptoms result in sudden death, so there is no one\naround to say \u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;m not dead already\u0026rdquo;!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo while it is true that eating a little meat will not kill you, it will\nnevertheless \u0026lsquo;kill\u0026rsquo; you a little bit each time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"35-generalization-prejudiced\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e35 Generalization: Prejudiced \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#35-generalization-prejudiced\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBiased statistics. Prejudiced statistics. Loaded statistics. Biased\ninduction. Biased generalization. Loaded sample. Prejudiced sample.\nUnrepresentative sample.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere a conclusion is drawn about population P, based on a small or\nbiased sample from P.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e A strict vegetarian diet has been repeatedly shown in peer\nreviewed literature to be a very healthy one.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Well I met two vegheads yesterday and they looked pretty\nskinny to me. Vegetarians are all weak and emaciated you know.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e A sample size of two is not particularly significant.\nAdditionally, it is likely you may be exaggerating the appearence of\nthese individuals since you are on record for opposing vegetarian diets.\nJust so you are not under any further delusions about vegans necessarily\nbeing weak and emaciated, take a look at these vegan bodybuilders and\nstrength athletes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nC is shown to be true from sample S of population P.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C for P.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"351-you-dont-look-like-a-vegan\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e35.1 You don\u0026rsquo;t look like a vegan. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#351-you-dont-look-like-a-vegan\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese body builders can\u0026rsquo;t be vegan! They are too muscular to be vegans!\nOk if they are vegan and you aren\u0026rsquo;t vegan, how come you don\u0026rsquo;t look like\nthem?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nInitially we have a denial of fact by the individual who seems unable to\nshake some bigoted idea of what vegans should look like. That is\nfollowed by the continued bias that all vegans must have the same\nphysical appearance. The person seems to have lost touch with more than\nbiological realities and is wandering in the realms of fantasy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"36-generalization-vividness\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e36 Generalization: Vividness \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#36-generalization-vividness\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMisleading vividness. Spotlight.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA small number of striking examples are used to justify a conclusion\nwhich should be reached by more thorough statistical evidence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Vegan babies get a great start in life.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e You mean a great start in death. Didn\u0026rsquo;t you hear about the\nMoaligou case where an 11 month old vegan baby died or the death of the\n9 month old Manuelyan baby or the 6 month old Moorhead baby? They all\ndied due a vegan diet.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Actually they died because they were malnourished through an\ninadequate diet which did not contain necessary nutrients. Non-vegan\nbabies die from malnutrition too. Both vegan and non-vegan diets can be\npoorly designed, so the issue is by no means restricted to vegan diets.\nA few sensational headlines does not alter the benefits of nutritionally\nsound vegan diets.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nP is set of observed events Y,Z āˆˆ P.\u003cbr\u003e\nY \u0026gt;\u0026gt; Z. But, Zs are more \u0026lsquo;spectacular\u0026rsquo; than any Ys.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ Z applied to P.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"361-the-long-living-grandfather\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e36.1 The long-living grandfather \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#361-the-long-living-grandfather\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy grandfather smoked, drank and ate meat all the time! He lived to the\nripe old age of 99. So you can\u0026rsquo;t tell me that there\u0026rsquo;s something wrong\nwith doing what he did!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is a typical case of generalization based on inadequate sampling\nsize with a bit of spectacularness thrown in! Such grandfathers are what\nare known statistically as \u0026lsquo;outliers\u0026rsquo; (one in ten thousand live past 100\nyrs in USA), anomalies from the vast majority of results which clearly\nshow the hazards of such lifestyles. Most \u0026lsquo;grandfathers\u0026rsquo; of this sort,\ndon\u0026rsquo;t live long enough to see their grand children grow up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn these situations, it is unwise to have the exception formulate the\nrule.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"37-genetic-fallacy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e37 Genetic Fallacy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#37-genetic-fallacy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppeal to origin. Genesis fallacy.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe correctness of a position is mistakenly based upon its origin. This\nis an extreme form of appeal to tradition in that something is\nconsidered to be right (or wrong) dependent upon whether it was\noriginally so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Eating parts of dead animals lead to various health issues.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Look eating corpse parts is good for you! Early humans did it\nall the time!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Early humans who ate considerable amounts of animal products\nwere prone to mostly the same illnesses that present day humans suffer\nfrom. For example, the Inuits were affected by atherosclerosis and\nsevere osteoporosis due to their heavy consumption of animal foods (Nat.\nGeog., A. Dekin Jr, Sealed In Time p12).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nC occured during its early origins.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"371-respect-for-our-ancestral-heritage\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e37.1 Respect for our ancestral heritage! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#371-respect-for-our-ancestral-heritage\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur ancestors all ate wild-meat based diet so we should too!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nNeanderthals left the planet quite some time ago. Even though some\npeople try to act like \u0026rsquo;neanderthals\u0026rsquo;, their rude behavior really does\nnot provide dietary affirmation. There is considerable evidence from\nanthropologist Robert Sussman that indicates early humans spent far more\ntime being hunted than hunting. As a result, it is unlikely that most of\nthem even had an opportunity to eat much meat. Of course, those that\ndid, fell prey to the same diseases that eating corpse parts produce in\nmodern times.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"38-guilt-by-association\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e38 Guilt by Association \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#38-guilt-by-association\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBad company fallacy. Company you keep fallacy.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA claim is accepted or rejected because of the people who accept or\nreject the claim.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Gestation crates were banned in Florida since 2002 when over\n2.5 million voter opposed the cruel confinement of pigs in factory\nfarms.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Well I\u0026rsquo;m all for being nice to animals, but did you know that\nthose wacko, human-hating animal rights activists supported this ban? So\nI\u0026rsquo;m not in favor of it.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e The population of Florida decided that the crates were\nexcessively cruel and therefore voted accordingly to ban them. The fact\nthat animal rights activists also have opposed this practice does not\nalter the inherent cruelty of gestation crates, something that the\nvoters (who are not by any means, all animal rights activists) obviously\nrecognize.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nGroup A likes C.\u003cbr\u003e\nP doesn\u0026rsquo;t like group A.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ Ā¬ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"381-hitler-was-a-vegetarian\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e38.1 Hitler was a vegetarian \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#381-hitler-was-a-vegetarian\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou vegans should realize that Hitler was a vegetarian! That means all\nyou vegans are Hitlers!! So there!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nIn actual fact, Hitler wasn\u0026rsquo;t remotely close to being a vegetarian.\nHowever, from the logical perspective it wouldn\u0026rsquo;t impact on anyone even\nif he were. If Hitler had a big nose, should everyone with large noses\ngo for surgery? Since Hitler was a Catholic, should all Catholics be\nexcommunicated? Hitler spoke German, but that still remains a common\nlanguage in constant use. Furthermore, since Hitler wasn\u0026rsquo;t a vegetarian,\nshould this revelation mean that all those who do not follow the\nvegetarian diet, can now be considered Hitlers?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eObviously, this sort of \u0026lsquo;bad company\u0026rsquo; argument has no legitimate place\nin rational discussion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is interesting though is that vegetarians can cite within their\nranks, several historical figures (eg Gandhi, Einstein, Newton, Leonardo\nda Vinci, CĆ©sar ChĆ”vez), athletes (eg Scott Jurek, David Zabriskie,\nBrendan Brazier, Georges Laraque, Molly Cameron) and celebrities (eg\nEllen DeGeneres, Michael Dorn, Bryan Adams, Heather Mills, Brian Greene,\nAlicia Silverstone). Doing so does not become a fallacy so long as one\nis not is not insisting that all vegetarians can be historically\nprominent, athletic, or achieve celebrity status, simply by being\nvegetarian.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"39-inflation-of-conflict\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e39 Inflation Of Conflict \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#39-inflation-of-conflict\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eWrong by apparent disagreement.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea here is to pick on a disagreement by experts on a topic and\nthereby \u0026lsquo;inflate the conflict\u0026rsquo; to the point of claiming that the experts\nknow nothing or the topic itself is inherently wrong by virtue of the\ninconsistencies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Animal rights has a rich and diverse foundation.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Nonsense! The leading authorities on the subject can\u0026rsquo;t even\nagree on anything. Singer says one thing and Regan says another.\nFrancione wears abolition as a badge of honor, while Dunayer accuses him\nof being a welfarist! You guys are all mixed up because animal rights is\njust wrong!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e You are confusing multiple paths to a destination with the\ndestination itself. Animal rights activists do not disagree on the\nfundamental issue of ending the imprisonment, exploitation, abuse and\nmurder of sentient beings. There exist various ideas on how to achieve\nthis goal which is one reason why the philosophy has developed such a\nrich basis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nA,B,C disagree on some aspects of C.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ Ā¬ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"391-scientists-dont-know-what-they-are-talking-about\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e39.1 Scientists don\u0026rsquo;t know what they are talking about \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#391-scientists-dont-know-what-they-are-talking-about\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo one minute coffee\u0026rsquo;s good then it\u0026rsquo;s bad. Then meat is bad, now it\u0026rsquo;s\ngood. Science studies contradict each other all the time, so since\nscience hasn\u0026rsquo;t figured it out yet so why should I care.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile science studies do sometimes contradict each other, this fact does\nnot make science illegitimate. There is overwhelming evidence spanning\ndecades which show that corpse industry product consumption is\ndetrimental to health. These studies are done independently and with\nvery large sample sizes which range from the thousands and even into the\nmillions. Often opposing studies which favor corpse consumption are\nfinanced by specific industries and utilize poor methodology. Even so,\nsometimes these latter studies demonstrate exactly the opposite of what\ntheir financier intended: that meat, milk, eggs are harmful to health.\nSo there is nothing wrong with the science, though there definitely is\nmuch to be desired as far as the bought-and-paid-for \u0026lsquo;scientists\u0026rsquo; who\nengage in such unscrupulous activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"40-middle-ground\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e40 Middle Ground \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#40-middle-ground\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eGolden mean fallacy. Fallacy of moderation.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne assumes that the middle or moderate ground between two separate\nitems must be the correct choice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Animals being sentient beings have rights and these should not\nbe violated.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Well I sorta agree with you Data my boy! Animal abusers are\njust meanies and no one should abuse animals who can be used to provide\nfood and clothing. They should be treated humanely.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e The problem with your welfarish stance is that it is\ninadequate. While it pretends to be helping animals to some extent, it\nis equivalent to suggesting that slaves are alright to keep just as long\nas you treat them reasonably well. Compromise in principle is never a\nvirtue and those who walk along the middle of a road are likely to get\nhit from both sides.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nA \u0026lt; B.\u003cbr\u003e\nA \u0026lt; C \u0026lt; B.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ C.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"401-lets-agree-to-disagree\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e40.1 Let\u0026rsquo;s agree to disagree. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#401-lets-agree-to-disagree\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo we have a difference of opinion here. I think it is fine to kill\nanimals for human use and you think it\u0026rsquo;s not. We\u0026rsquo;re obviously not going\nto resolve this, so let\u0026rsquo;s just agree to disagree.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is a standard cop out when one does not want to deal with actual\nissues. The idea is to acknowledge the opponent\u0026rsquo;s position as well as\none\u0026rsquo;s own. Then, regardless of examining the validity of either, to\nescape into the safety of diplomacy. It is a gesture by which one\nthrough a minor compromise (recognition of the opposing side), hopes to\nalso acknowledge the validity of one\u0026rsquo;s own, sort of an all inclusive\nversion of showing up on middle ground with both viewpoints in tact.\nUnfortunately, acknowledging a disagreement has no bearing whatsoever on\neither position\u0026rsquo;s correctness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"41-red-herring\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e41 Red Herring \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#41-red-herring\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eIgnoratio Elenchi. Smoke screen. Wild goose chase. Ignorance of\nrefutation. Irrelevant Thesis.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe presentation of an irrelevant item is done to divert attention from\nthe actual issue being discussed. It can also apply to any argument\nwhere the premises are logically irrelevant to the conclusion and can\nthereby theoretically include a wide variety of other fallacies.\nHowever, usually the term applies to attempts to distract by\nintroduction of irrelevant information.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Many activists protest animal abuse.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Well I don\u0026rsquo;t really see why they do since most of them\nprobably didn\u0026rsquo;t protest in the 60s when they took to the streets against\nthe Vietnam war.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e It is unclear what your point is, Lore. Most of these\nactivists weren\u0026rsquo;t even alive in the 60s and so their failure to appear\nin those protests have no bearing on what they are doing now.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nX is discussed.\u003cbr\u003e\nY is suddenly introduced though it has no relevance to X.\u003cbr\u003e\nX is abandoned because Y takes precedence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"411-im-bad-but-hes-worse-so-im-ok\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e41.1 I\u0026rsquo;m bad but he\u0026rsquo;s worse, so I\u0026rsquo;m ok \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#411-im-bad-but-hes-worse-so-im-ok\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes I do eat meat and know that is bad for the animals. But I don\u0026rsquo;t\nactually put them in those horrible factory farms like some people. I\ndon\u0026rsquo;t cause them agony when it\u0026rsquo;s time to slaughter them. I also don\u0026rsquo;t\nrob banks or bomb places like Iraq. I don\u0026rsquo;t even park my car in\nhandicapped spots! So why don\u0026rsquo;t you go pick on some of those other\npeople?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nIf action A is morally unethical, it remains so regardless of whether\nactions B, C, D are also morally unethical. One cannot justify\ncommitting crime A because others commit crimes B, C, D. As a result,\neven the claim that B, C, D are worse than A, is insufficient to justify\nor excuse A. The introduction of B, C, D is merely an attempt to\ndistract from A.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"412-what-about-humans\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e41.2 What about humans?! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#412-what-about-humans\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t see why you animal rights activists are so hung up on the\norangutan sex trade. As bad as orangutan sex slavery is, not much is\ndone about human sex slavery: 500,000 women are annually trafficked into\nWestern Europe!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThere is no relevancy to this statement since the topic is about\norangutans and not humans. Additionally, just because one protests\norangutan abuse, doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean that one automatically doesn\u0026rsquo;t protest\nhuman abuse as seems to be implied.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA way to bring some relevancy to both issues though is to realize that\noppressors are not speciesist. They will oppress anyone and everyone in\norder to make a buck or get what they want. As such, the fight for\norangutan rights aligns well with the fight for human rights provided we\nfocus not so much on the victim, but on the oppressor.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"413-what-about-everything-else\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e41.3 What about everything else! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#413-what-about-everything-else\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"i-seriously-doubt-if-any-country-outside-the-usa-or-europe-has-ever-wondered-aloud-if-it-is-ethical-to-eat-meat-given-the-multitude-of-crises-facing-the-world-at-present-doesnt-it-seem-a-little-bit-silly-to-be-a-cape-wearing-crusader-of-the-cows-i-can-think-of-a-lot-more-serious-and-relevant-issues-to-be-debated-intelligently-by-the-times\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eI seriously doubt if any country outside the USA or Europe has ever wondered aloud if it is ethical to eat meat. Given the multitude of crises facing the world at present, doesn\u0026rsquo;t it seem a little bit silly to be a cape-wearing \u0026ldquo;crusader of the cows\u0026rdquo;? I can think of a lot more serious and relevant issues to be debated intelligently by the times. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#i-seriously-doubt-if-any-country-outside-the-usa-or-europe-has-ever-wondered-aloud-if-it-is-ethical-to-eat-meat-given-the-multitude-of-crises-facing-the-world-at-present-doesnt-it-seem-a-little-bit-silly-to-be-a-cape-wearing-crusader-of-the-cows-i-can-think-of-a-lot-more-serious-and-relevant-issues-to-be-debated-intelligently-by-the-times\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe ethics of eating corpse parts is not determined by the \u0026lsquo;wonderings\u0026rsquo;\nof any country. Neither is it affected by all the other problems on the\nplanet. If one is going to legitimize such irrelevancies one might as\nwell argue that we shouldn\u0026rsquo;t deal with any issue (eg child slavery)\nbecause some countries never think about the matter and/or there are so\nmany other problems on the planet. The most \u0026lsquo;serious and relevant\u0026rsquo; issue\nto be debated for the individual bringing the matter up is that he/she\ndebate the seriousness and relevancy of his/her comment which is merely\nan effort to evade and distract from the issue at hand.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"414-happy-slaves\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e41.4 Happy slaves \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#414-happy-slaves\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLimba the elephant gets along fabulously with her trainer. I\u0026rsquo;m making a\nlittle film about an elephant I knew and her keeper. I have a short\ntrailer here. The bond between the 2 and the dedication of this\nelephant\u0026rsquo;s keeper is obvious. You want to call this slavery? What would\nthat make this dedicated keeper? A slave driver? If your answer is yes\nthen we really have nothing more to discuss.\n\u003ca href=\"http://youtu.be/-s_SPHt4M_M\"\u003ehttp://youtu.be/-s_SPHt4M_M\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe fact that the elephant has a bond with the trainer (apparently\nanyway) doesn\u0026rsquo;t alter the fact that Limba has been made into a performer\nthrough force (we somehow doubt she applied for the position submitting\nher resume of talents).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe also do not know if the video was \u0026lsquo;canned\u0026rsquo; - after all, perhaps Limba\nwas being made forcibly to perform as though she has a bond with the\ntrainer. Or perhaps the trainer is the only high point in her life. So\nthis bond is quite irrelevant to the issue which is that Limba is being\nexploited by her \u0026lsquo;owners\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"42-slippery-slope\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e42 Slippery Slope \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#42-slippery-slope\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCamel\u0026rsquo;s nose. Absurd extrapolation. Thin edge of the wedge.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe argument insists that taking some small actions will invariably lead\nto some enormous consequences: sliding down a slippery slope begins\nslowly, but picks up speed as you go down.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Going vegan is the best thing we can do for the planet.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e Look if you go vegan, then you\u0026rsquo;ll save some cows. If more\npeople go vegan, more cows will be saved. Pretty soon we\u0026rsquo;ll be overrun\nwith cows and that will be the end of the world!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Going vegan doesn\u0026rsquo;t necessarily equate to saving cows, but\neven if it were so, having some people go vegan doesn\u0026rsquo;t result in\neveryone going vegan at once. Furthermore, going vegan has nothing to do\nwith increasing the bovine population to the point of bringing the world\nto an end.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Note that there is no slippery slope here: \u0026ldquo;Don\u0026rsquo;t vegans run the risk\nof having protein deficiency? I mean if the whole world went vegan then\nwe would all be undernourished and die.\u0026rdquo;, because the correct and\ndemonstrable answer to the question about deficiency is just no. End of\ndiscussion!)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nY \u0026gt;\u0026gt; X.\u003cbr\u003e\nX -\u0026gt; Y.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"421-voting-rights-for-plants\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e42.1 Voting rights for plants! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#421-voting-rights-for-plants\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal rights! That\u0026rsquo;s ridiculousness! Next thing you know you would want\npigs to vote in our elections and I will have to ask permission to the\nants before I build a house! You probably won\u0026rsquo;t be happy till we have a\npoinsetta for president!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nConsidering the dubious record politicians have maintained, one might\nthink that a poinsetta may actually be an improvement in the presidency.\nNevertheless, the concerns about voting pigs and requiring land\ntransferences from ants does not follow from granting animal rights\nwhich maintains that we give due consideration to the interests of other\nbeings. Therefore, since a pig really has no interest in voting to elect\nhuman politicians and ants due to their marvellous adaptibility manage\nto make homes practically anywhere, concerns of such magnitudes are\nsomewhat exaggerated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"422-overrun-by-animals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e42.2 Overrun by animals! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#422-overrun-by-animals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf animals weren\u0026rsquo;t used for food, couldn\u0026rsquo;t the planet become overrun\nwith those animals?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis remarkable suggestion is still made in moderately intelligent\ncompany to rationalize corpse consumption. The idea of course is that\nhumans must keep eating animals or they will over-populate the earth.\nInterestingly enough, no mention is made of the idea that it is humans\nwho are breeding the animals in the first place. If people stopped\neating animals, there would be no effort to breed them and therefore the\nplanet would be perfectly safe from cattle, pig and chicken stampedes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote that though this item is placed as a slippery slope fallacy, it\ncould just as easily have been a false dilemma if phrased as \u0026ldquo;eat\nanimals or sacrifice the planet!\u0026rdquo; Obviously those are not the only\nchoices available. Nor does the latter follow necessarily from the\nformer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"43-straw-man\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e43 Straw Man \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#43-straw-man\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFallacy of Extension. Aunt Sally.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere a distorted version of the argument is presented and shown to be\nfalse in the hope that the argument itself will be thought to be false.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Stopping oppressors is an important step towards creating a\ncivilized society.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e I just don\u0026rsquo;t get it! Why are you working so hard to suppress\nhuman freedom and human dignity? Don\u0026rsquo;t you know our civilization was\nbuilt through the blood, sweat and tears of human endeavors?!!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e My statement has nothing to do with suppressing human freedoms\nor dignities. In fact, stopping oppressors of sentient beings is an\nimportant step in maintaining human freedom and dignity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nX is misrepresented as Y.\u003cbr\u003e\nĀ¬ Y ā†’ Ā¬ X.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"431-meat-replacements-arent-healthy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e43.1 Meat replacements aren\u0026rsquo;t healthy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#431-meat-replacements-arent-healthy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeat substitutes are highly processed, contain GMO soy and are a threat\nto the health of a vegetarian!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile the argument presented is quite valid for the most part, the\nargument suggests that one must eat meat substitutes if one is a\nvegetarian. This is by no means the case, since no vegetarian ever needs\nto eat meat substitutes. Therefore, the health hazards of meat\nsubstitutes do not apply to vegetarians in general. The argument,\nconcocted through ignorance and/or malice, has no relevance to\nvegetarians at all and hence, its denouement is irrelevant as an attack\non vegetarian diets.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"432-vegan-cult-and-x\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e43.2 Vegan cult and X \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#432-vegan-cult-and-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVegan cult indeed has some downsides. The distrust towards vaccinations\nis one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThe distrust towards vaccinations is not a vegan cult issue. There are\nplenty of corpse munchers who oppose vaccination and there are plenty of\nmembers of that vegan cult who insist vaccination is a good thing. Of\ncourse, \u0026lsquo;vaccination\u0026rsquo; can be replaced with other items such as modern\nmedicine, public education, science etc depending upon how absurd one\nwants to make the argument.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"44-supremacy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e44 Supremacy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#44-supremacy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eArgumentum ad imperium. Might is right.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe argument here is based on the idea that if one has supremacy over\nsome being, then one can do whatever one wants. It appears in the animal\nrights arena in the form of humans reign supreme over animals and\ntherefore are free to take advantage of this dominance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e Some humans need to learn to control their behaviors and\neliminate those which are intentionally detrimental to other sentient\nbeings.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLore:\u003c/strong\u003e What\u0026rsquo;s with all this now, Data? Haven\u0026rsquo;t you heard of \u0026ldquo;survival\nof the fittest\u0026rdquo;? Humans are at the top of the food chain and can do\nwhatever they want to animals because they are superior.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eData:\u003c/strong\u003e By this reasoning, humans should be preying on other \u0026lsquo;unfit\u0026rsquo;\nhumans too since clearly, depending upon how it is defined, \u0026lsquo;superior\u0026rsquo;\ncharacteristics are not homogenously present amongst all humans. Your\ncomment of humans being at the top of the food chain is illogical except\nfor those humans who resort to cannibalism as well as incorrect due to\nthe fact that bacteria feed on humans, enabling them to ascend to the\ntop of this imaginary pyramid.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Form\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nH \u0026gt; A.\u003cbr\u003e\nāˆ“ H can do whatever to A.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"441-the-animal-holocaust\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e44.1 The Animal Holocaust \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#441-the-animal-holocaust\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the mass killing of animals by certain humans and parallels the\nNazi mass extermination of Jews. The animals are primarily domesticated\nanimals on factory farms of various sorts that are imprisoned,\nexploited, abused and murdered. Animal Holocaust victims also include\nany animals and their populations that humans control and systematically\ndestroy, such as on fur-farms, in laboratories as well as in the wild.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nSome humans try to justify this mass murder of animals using arguments\nranging from \u0026ldquo;who cares they\u0026rsquo;re just animals\u0026rdquo; to \u0026ldquo;we need to clean-up\nthe place from these varmints\u0026rdquo;. These are generally the same arguments\nutilized by those who kill off large populations of humans abitrarily\nusing excuses such as \u0026ldquo;they\u0026rsquo;re not like us\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;we need some serious\nethnic cleansing around here\u0026rdquo;. The rationalizations are the same,\nbecause the oppressor mentality is a consistent one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"442-compassion-for-our-own\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e44.2 Compassion for our own \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#442-compassion-for-our-own\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo one is gonna stop killing animals until we find compassion for our\nown species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is yet another attempt to segregate humans from the rest of the\npopulation of the planet. There is no evidence to show that humans who\nare compassionate to other humans don\u0026rsquo;t want to kill animals. In fact,\nhistory has shown quite the opposite because humans who \u0026rsquo;look out\u0026rsquo; for\ntheir own species do so by subjugating other species (animal\nexploitation for medical research, food, entertainment, clothing etc).\nIn fact, it is even worse than that because segregation based on notions\nof supremacy have serious effects within the human species itself:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eracism (whites being compassionate about whites and doing so the expense\nof races of other colors), sexism (men being compassionate about men\nbecoming misogynists), nationalism (american being compassionate about\namericans implanting a new world order) Segregation becomes merely a\nvehicle to continue oppression through the supremacy syndrome.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"443-deer-are-criminals-in-british-columbia\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e44.3 Deer are criminals in British Columbia \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#443-deer-are-criminals-in-british-columbia\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLast year the province of British Columbia Canada decided to begin\npromoting the culling (slaughter) of wild deer, especially those living\nin and around populated areas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese culls can now be decided by individual municipalities, and there\nare currently four places planning culls. Why? One mayor actually called\ndeer \u0026ldquo;criminals\u0026rdquo;. Can you imagine? Lots of people want a sanitized\nenvironment, with no animals or birds, or anything that might eat their\nplants.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e_Datanalysis\u003c/sub\u003e_\u003cbr\u003e\nHuman supremacy rears its ugly head for the most trivial things. These\ndeer are being slaughtered because of pressure from The Poop and Flower\nCrowd. Expediency and the politics of convenience nurture brutal\nmeasures which wreak havoc on other lifeforms and eventually other\nhumans as well.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Internet Discussion Strategies", "date_published": "2023-06-11T10:51:33-07:00", "date_modified": "2023-06-11T10:51:33-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/internet-discussion-strategies/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/internet-discussion-strategies/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe following article (taken from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.towardsfreedom.com/wdh/esa/9.html\"\u003eESA\nwebsite\u003c/a\u003e)\nprovides large number of ideas and insights into animal rights (AR)\ndiscussions on internet forums which are useful for both the beginner as\nwell as the experienced communicator. While the items here are not\ndirectly related to writing eletters, they may help individuals engaged\nin general discussions both on and off the net (and not just in the area\nof animal rights).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"tips-for-those-starting-out\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTips For Those Starting Out \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tips-for-those-starting-out\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow are some ideas from experience in internet discussions that\nimmediately may be helpful to keep in mind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlways post within the forum guidelines. Remember you are a guest on\nsomeone else\u0026rsquo;s forum. Even if you are at diametric odds with forum\npolicy, it usually does little good if you get your post or yourself\nbooted off.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen possible, back up your statements with sources or logical\nverification. It usually isn\u0026rsquo;t useful to suggest something with \u0026ldquo;ā€¦\nbecause i say so\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;ā€¦ because that\u0026rsquo;s how I feel\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;You are\nwrong and I am right\u0026rdquo;. Even though all of these may be valid and\neven correct, remember that they don\u0026rsquo;t make your point necessarily\nand your opponents can use exactly the same arguments on you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBe careful of falling into the \u0026lsquo;absolutes traps\u0026rsquo;. For instance,\nwhile most primates are almost exclusively veg, it is foolish to\nargue that humans should be veg because monkeys are veg (because\nthe latter isn\u0026rsquo;t true and it\u0026rsquo;s a non sequitur anyway). Another\ntrap is that veg folks are always healthier than corpse eaters\n(you don\u0026rsquo;t have to call them that btw), because it isn\u0026rsquo;t true.\nWhat is true is that statistics greatly favor veg folk to not\nsuffer from a variety of diseases such as atheromas, obsesity,\ncancer, osteoporosis etc which frequent corpse eaters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t get into name-calling unless there is a very good reason. For\ninstance, it doesn\u0026rsquo;t accomplish much to call your opponent a\nheartless brute, because it really doesn\u0026rsquo;t have a great impact\nbeyond the retort that you are a bleeding hearts, anti or what\u0026rsquo;s\nrecently been worse, a liberal! It\u0026rsquo;s a good idea to stay away from\npolitical name calling too since some conservatives are far more\naware and compassionate towards animals (and people) than some\nliberals or socialists.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBe wary of deflections of various sorts. One of the usual efforts\nagainst pro-animal folk is the anti-abortion lobby - ie you care for\nanimals but not unborn fetuses. Or here\u0026rsquo;s a speciesist deflection,\n\u0026ldquo;Why are you telling us to stop killing seals when you should be\ncomplaining about the slaughterhouses!\u0026rdquo;. The key to remember here is\nthat if you protest A, it doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean that you don\u0026rsquo;t protest B. In\nother words, it is perfectly legitimate to protest something without\nprotesting everything.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn interesting counter-effort that doesn\u0026rsquo;t always take place\nconsciously is rationalization. Here the person doesn\u0026rsquo;t so much\noppose you, but justifies why he or she should keep status quo.\nCorpses eaters come up with stuff like \u0026ldquo;Grain destroys more soil, so\nI have to eat meat\u0026rdquo;, or \u0026ldquo;My doctor (or professor - i came across\nthat believe it or not) said I have to eat meat\u0026rdquo;, or \u0026ldquo;We can\u0026rsquo;t let\nthe cow population explode\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;Animals gladly give their lives for\nus\u0026rdquo; (a most interesting anthropocentric fantasy) or \u0026ldquo;It tastes good\u0026rdquo;\n(that, btw, is the only valid excuse and it\u0026rsquo;s a pretty poor one), or\n\u0026ldquo;They\u0026rsquo;d do it to you if the situation were reversed\u0026rdquo; (at this point,\nwe\u0026rsquo;re getting borderline crazy), \u0026ldquo;We\u0026rsquo;re on top of the food chain\u0026rdquo;\n(no way, unless you take up cannabilism) or \u0026ldquo;Monkeys do it\u0026rdquo; etc. The\nlast one is the appeal to \u003cstrong\u003enature fallacy\u003c/strong\u003e which was hilariously\ncountered by my friend sheepdog:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLadies and Gentlemen,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI put it to you that it is not for vegetarians to justify our\ndiet, but it is for the meat eaters to justify meat eating. And I\nfurther put it to you that anyone who has a choice about his diet\nand chooses to eat meat can only justify it with reasons all of\nwhich fall into one category, the \u0026ldquo;Because I want to screw like a\nchimp\u0026rdquo; category. Look:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Because I want to (and I want to screw like a chimp)\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;Because it\ntastes good (and it feels good to screw like a chimp)\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;Because my\nancestors ate meat (and they were chimps and I want to screw like\na chimp)\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;Because it\u0026rsquo;s natural (and chimps naturally screw a lot\nand I want to screw like a chimp)\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd if someone insists that you tell them why you do not eat meat,\nit is enough to say, \u0026ldquo;Because I do NOT want to screw like a chimp.\nWe can do better than that.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA simple, clear, ethical choice. And therein lies the paradigm\nshift.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is an example of the \u003ca href=\"https://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/prad/natural-equals-good/\"\u003eNatural equals Good?\u003c/a\u003e\nor Appeal to Nature fallacy. You can find first-rate rationalization and denial all over the internet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWatch out for the divide and conquer technique. Animal rights is a\nvery wide field with many factions some of whom are usually fighting\nwith each other. You have the reformists, welfarists, abolitionists,\npseudo-abolitionists, militants, etc. Sometimes your opponents will\nlump all AR together and accuse you of preaching violence or\nstopping people from having pets or causing animal suffering or\nloading your own wallet with cash etc. We can choose to be in a\ncertain camp to get a certain job done and not expend ourselves\nbadmouthing what others are doing. If you don\u0026rsquo;t like what some\nothers are doing, then don\u0026rsquo;t do it. However, the movement is too\nlarge and diverse for any one person to say \u0026ldquo;Only this is AR\u0026rdquo;\nespecially when all of these factions are part of AR in some way or\nanother.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are a lot of other ideas and experiences which get into more specifics below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"posting-according-to-scenario\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePosting According To Scenario \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#posting-according-to-scenario\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is important to be aware of the environment you post in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance, certain forums welcome detailed, analytical exchanges. You can actually work your opponent\u0026rsquo;s arguments into the ground through refutations, error findings, evidence, even laughter. People will actually read what you write.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the otherhand, some situations are rather like a bad party with everyone talking at once with no one paying particular attention to another\u0026rsquo;s very sensible arguments. Here, it may not be worth making the same kind of effort. It is likely preferable to try to keep the individuals\u0026rsquo; attention with short posts which don\u0026rsquo;t require much effort on their part to understand. Here, quantity will likely override quality, so if you post frequently to drive a point home, the posts don\u0026rsquo;t need to be brilliant, just forceful.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlso remember that you can write the most elegantly crafted post, but your audience may not be able to understand your cleverness. Intellectual posts work well when talking with people who have a similar disposition, but fail miserably with others. Sometimes very intelligent people are brought to their knees in frustration, because their opponent while not nearly as \u0026lsquo;intelligent\u0026rsquo; or \u0026rsquo;educated\u0026rsquo;, happened to be a good deal smarter and came across as more straightforward, honest and actually understandable!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo it\u0026rsquo;s a good idea to adjust one\u0026rsquo;s efforts to maximize efficiency and use the appropriate techniques for the particular situation, while still maintaining one\u0026rsquo;s integrity of course.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"being-outnumbered\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBeing Outnumbered \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#being-outnumbered\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe are often outnumbered 5,10, even 20 to 1 in discussions. This is usually not a problem because we have stamina and the opposition doesn\u0026rsquo;t. Additionally, there are always several in any audience who admire our efforts even if they can\u0026rsquo;t quite bring themselves to agree with our message.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo being outnumbered should never worry you. Here is the correct viewpoint on the matter: every time someone opposes you, it is an opportunity to speak the truth, so being outnumbered can actually be turned into a massive advantage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt obviously takes effort to keep responding, but there are ways to pace oneself by various means such as\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eshorter posts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003estaggering replies over time (never hurts to keep some people waiting)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efocussing attention on one person at a time\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eaddressing more than one person in one post\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese techniques will help you provide a wonderful demonstration of the power a single person actually can wield when one is on the right side of the argument and has the courage to follow one\u0026rsquo;s convictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"name-calling\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eName-calling \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#name-calling\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGenerally in adversarial situations it is not a good idea to do unto others what you would not want to have done unto yourself. In other words, fight fairly \u0026hellip; or reasonably fairly \u0026hellip; or at least, so it looks like you are fighting reasonably fairly!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eName-calling is one of those childish efforts which usually doesn\u0026rsquo;t accomplish much and often does more to hurt your image than that of your victim. It is usually\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eunsubstantive\u003c/strong\u003e: it is unlikely the person will fit your description 100% of the time so technically your assertion is likely not correct\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eunverifiable\u003c/strong\u003e: if you called someone an stupid idiot, could you prove it?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eunintelligent\u003c/strong\u003e: any mindless individual can do this sort of thing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe usual rule to follow is to attack the idea not the person.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo when someone says \u0026ldquo;cats are for petting and cows are for eating\u0026rdquo;, it is perfectly alright to say the statement is speciesist or that the person is acting speciesist or even that the person often makes speciesist statements (assuming it is true).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are going to go after the person try to do it somewhat obliquely. A very clever example of this was demonstrated by B in the \u0026ldquo;Horse Set On Fire in Columbia\u0026rdquo; thread:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuvine: I love horses. That is my dream job to work on horsebackriding farm.\u003cbr\u003e\nB: Um Suvine just curious did you happen to read the entire discussion headline beyond the word \u0026lsquo;horse\u0026rsquo;?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you attack the person for say being threatening or ranting, you are really attacking the behavior and if you can gather together the person\u0026rsquo;s own words demonstrating such, the effect can be absolutely devastating! Not only does it expose the individual to others, it holds up a mirror right in front of that person\u0026rsquo;s face as it is frothing at the mouth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbove all, don\u0026rsquo;t do anything in this inept fashion that the remarkably out-of-control, rightwingnut SVW was goaded into while screaming at Blacklung about hominid brain development:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBlacklung: What a load of rubbish! rubbish, let me say it again\u0026hellip;rubbish. Can you spell speculation?\u003cbr\u003e\nSVW: Yes I can you idiot!! Can you spell idiot?\u003cbr\u003e\nBlacklung: \u0026ldquo;S\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;V\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;W\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-anthropocentric-dilemma\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Anthropocentric Dilemma \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-anthropocentric-dilemma\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis can be a tough one if not approached properly. Anthropocentrism is the idea that humans are at the center of everything and all revolves around them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou see this sort of comment:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHumans are more important, I think. Humans come first because I am human.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow one needs to be a bit careful as to how to handle this, because as speciesist as it is, the idea has considerable merit in most people\u0026rsquo;s minds. After all, it\u0026rsquo;s giving the universe to humans and it might be difficult to go and tell someone they can\u0026rsquo;t have it all!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, if you attack the idea directly, you may be seen as a traitor to your species or even a terrorist (that word is very popular these days). Unfortunately, such labelling can make it difficult for you to make any point for some time to come.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are, however, several methods to counter this nonsense - none of them involving calling the thing nonsense, btw \u0026hellip; not at least without some preparation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA. The web\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the most famous speeches that environmentalists rely on is Chief Seattle\u0026rsquo;s Web of Life (here are several versions). The key phrases are\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe earth does not belong to man; man belongs to the earth.\u003cbr\u003e\nAll things are connected like the blood which unites one family\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese phrases are understood by even the densest of egotists and are certainly acknowledged by a strong majority. It serves as a good counter, attacking anthropocentrism with a follow-up on the mess humans have made on earth by not paying attention to these truths.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB. The evolutionary argument\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA natural insistence of anthropocentrics is that through evolution, humans are at the top of the food chain (every chain for that matter) and therefore have the right to do whatever they please. The first thing to point out is that one would really need to resort to cannibalism to be truly at the top of the food chain or that possibly bacteria are really at the top since they end up consuming humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen, one can turn the argument around to what evolution is really all about. Scientifically, evolutionary development is not hierarchical as popularly propagated. It is fractal in nature with random branchings at various points.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePhilosophically, other opportunities offer themselves. Is it really survival of the fittest (this is Spencer\u0026rsquo;s phrase, btw not Darwin\u0026rsquo;s) or should we expect more than survival at the expense of other creatures? Is evolutionary progress indicative of parasitic domination or symbiotic progression? There is considerable scope for development along these lines that keep humans off the oppressor\u0026rsquo;s pedestal and permit productive association with other lifeforms for mutual benefit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC. The image argument\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome people think that humans are the Apple of God\u0026rsquo;s eye. This wouldn\u0026rsquo;t be so bad if they\u0026rsquo;d also remember that there is much responsibility that comes with this position. Did the Christian God really intend subjugation or stewardship using the word dominion? It depends to some extent upon the particular translation and interpretation in the bible, but you can see that the former has dire consequences while there is considerable possibility for decency in the latter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u0026lsquo;made in the image of god\u0026rsquo; permits a great opportunity though:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;pretty well all religions, in some form or another, use the \u0026lsquo;we are made in the image of god\u0026rsquo; line. i do not think this is done to promote anthropocentricity (though the idea certainly has been abused for that purpose). rather, i think it is intended as an evolutionary magnet which entices us to live our potential.\u003cbr\u003e\ngod being an ideal requires ideal characteristics. therefore god has the wonderful qualities of compassion, kindness, dignity, courage, awareness and respect for the myriad of creations.\u003cbr\u003e\nif we are indeed made in god\u0026rsquo;s image then surely our creator also blessed us with these same qualities. may be we should start living up to that image. it\u0026rsquo;s only natural.\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\n(From \u003ca href=\"/iwrters/prad/natural-equals-good/\"\u003eNatural equals Good?\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eD. Moral responsibility\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome people like to think that humans are the only ones capable of moral judgement. This idea is not correct at all (see, for instance, \u003ca href=\"/insites/beings/marc-bekoff/\"\u003eMarc Bekoff\u0026rsquo;s works in cognitive ethology\u003c/a\u003e), but it does provide an opportunity to use the anthropocentric thesis to do some good. If humans do indeed have a high moral capacity, then does it not follow that they should be compassionate, kind, generous and fair?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSteve Sapontzis uses such a backdrop:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;He argues that basic moral principles such as fairness, protecting the weak against the strong, and aiming to reduce suffering cannot logically be limited to humans because suffering, distress, enjoyment, and fulfillment are not exclusively human conditions. The basic standards to which a moral person should adhere do not simply evaporate when considering nonhumans rather than humans.\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\n(From \u003ca href=\"https://www.thevegetariansite.com/ethics_sapontzis.htm\"\u003eConsistency and Traditional Morality\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eE. Tiliri (Tell it like it really is)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe above four ideas use aspects of anthropocentrism against itself in an aikido-like fashion. This last one exposes the real intent behind such statements: specifically, the very unanthropocentricness of anthropocentrism. It\u0026rsquo;s quite tilirious!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat some people try to do is link anthropocentrism to the idea of a \u0026lsquo;people first\u0026rsquo; movement. They even try to make it sound like a great humanitarian mission. However, a closer examination shows this is just nonsense. The actual, practical application of has nothing to do with humanity and everything to do with \u0026ldquo;What\u0026rsquo;s in it for me!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTherefore,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI eat meat at the expense of other sentient beings because I want to;\u003cbr\u003e\nI wear fur at the expense of other sentient beings because I want to;\u003cbr\u003e\nI wore nike shoes at the expense of other sentient beings (working in sweat shops) because I want to;\u003cbr\u003e\nI shop at Walmart at the expense of other sentient beings (some of the worst employee treatment) because I want to;\u003cbr\u003e\nI eat chocolate at the expense of other sentient beings (Ivory Coast child slavery) because I want to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is really what anthropocentrism is in most forum discussions: hiding the small weeds by appealing to the big forest. It is not people first at all, it is me first.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo above are 5 ways to handle things when anthropocentrism rears its not so pretty head. The list is not exhaustive and the ideas can, of course, be used in coordinated combination as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-foo-foo-or-new-agey-narcissism\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Foo-Foo (or new-agey narcissism) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-foo-foo-or-new-agey-narcissism\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a curious syndrome that people sometimes fall into because they think they\u0026rsquo;ve just discovered not only how the entire universe works - but that it works for them exclusively! It is usually a combination of the worst of new age nonsense, anthropocentrism and just plain ego-gratification.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow, there is nothing inherently obtuse about the new age movement that was so ubiquitous in the 80s. Many of the ideas were even good ones, though there was certainly nothing new in any of them for you\u0026rsquo;ll find pretty well every one in some form if you scan the mainstay religious texts. However, we have to remember that the new age movement provided a very lucrative business too and often had little to do with helping people to discover their inner potential.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a result, you had the rather amusing situation where the various \u0026lsquo;gurus\u0026rsquo; or \u0026lsquo;coaches\u0026rsquo; go around telling their clients how wonderful and magnificent they were and how the universe itself was conspiring to support, guide and nurture them. The client, no doubt, can not help but feel all wonderful and magnificent and takes to spending a lot of time telling everyone else how wonderful and magnificent he or she was, with a euphoric orgasm that continues for days and days.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is probably nothing wrong with people telling themselves how wonderful and magnificent they are. There may not even be a problem with the universe being devoted to their interests should the universe choose to be so inclined.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe difficulty comes when these narcissitic ejaculations lead to some really bigoted conclusions such as:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe create our own reality and therefore all suffering is the person\u0026rsquo;s (or animal\u0026rsquo;s) own creation \u0026ndash; tell that to the victims.\u003cbr\u003e\nThe universe does what is best for you, therefore you should just accept whatever happens to others \u0026ndash; there\u0026rsquo;s a sure way to glorific apathy.\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimals exist to serve human consciousness development \u0026ndash; huh? even though they were here well before humans (whether you look at it biologically or religiously)\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimals gladly give their lives so that we may thrive \u0026ndash; as though animals really have nothing better to do on the planet.\u003cbr\u003e\nWe are here to learn from all our experiences \u0026ndash; that\u0026rsquo;s terrific! \u0026hellip; but we can surely be strive to be a decent student, graduate and put our knowledge to some good use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo doubt you can add your own \u0026rsquo;encounters of the bizarre kind\u0026rsquo; to this list we have affectionately called \u0026ldquo;foo-foo\u0026rdquo; over the decades.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of these people really do mean well and like all of us, are \u0026ldquo;continuing to grow\u0026rdquo;. Many of them even do wonderful and even magnificent things - they may say and believe foo-foo, but their actions indicate they are not spining their wheels at all!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, when you see something that really has the appearence of foo-foo, the aroma of foo-foo, and even has potential to win a medal in the foo-foo olympiad, there is a pretty good chance that it is the real foo-foo itself!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne should gently remind foo-fooers of obvious things such as animals are here for their own purposes or that those who are made to suffer don\u0026rsquo;t benefit a great deal by being told that they brought it onto themselves so they could learn from the experience.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne doesn\u0026rsquo;t have to say things in a nasty way, one should be honest for your evidence is certainly truthful while theirs is usually just nebulous fantasizing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDepending upon the person you are dealing with, you may get a surge of anger (they are just creating their own reality, I guess) or quite possibly an interesting discussion. Some of these people really are open to new ideas, even when these contradict their own old ones.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-hallucinatory-hypothetical\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Hallucinatory Hypothetical \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-hallucinatory-hypothetical\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;You are on a boat with a baby and a puppy. The boat starts to sink. Which are you going to save?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is one of those old things from decades ago that anti-animal cheerleaders should know better than to try these days. It appears with various characters, but one is always a human while the other is always an animal. The idea is to force a \u0026lsquo;Kobiashi Maru\u0026rsquo; (no-win) scenario upon you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s why the cheerleaders think they are being so clever. If you say you\u0026rsquo;ll save the baby, they can criticize you for not being true to your animal rights cause. If you choose the puppy, then they\u0026rsquo;ll scream that you don\u0026rsquo;t value human life hurling various other condemnations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis can be a frustrating situation, but only if you allow it to be. What some people do is freeze up, because they detect the embedded kobiashi maru. Of course, that invites insistences such as \u0026ldquo;Hurry up!\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;Answer me now!\u0026rdquo; from the other side, because they think they\u0026rsquo;ve really got you!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe important thing to remember is to stay calm. It\u0026rsquo;s not a kobiashi maru by any means. In fact, it\u0026rsquo;s actually a silly logical fallacy known as\n\u003ca href=\"/iwrters/prad/fallacy-in-animal-rights-discussions/#30-false-dilemma\"\u003eFalse Dilemma\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can point that out or have a bit of fun.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are a series of ways one can deal with this amusing absurdity in order of increasing \u0026lsquo;aggressiveness\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA. The reveal-it for what it is, a hallucinary hypothetical\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou don\u0026rsquo;t know and (neither does the cheerleader) exactly what they\u0026rsquo;d do in a given situation. So it\u0026rsquo;s a lousy question because it can\u0026rsquo;t really be answered other than hypothetically.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a pretty staid response, but can often be a starting point for more enjoyable pursuits which follow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB. The return-the-gift\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis response can sometimes make even the cheerleader think (well at least to the extent of his/her attention span).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou: What can you tell me about the dog and the child?\u003cbr\u003e\nCheerleader: Huh? Stop stalling and answer the question!\u003cbr\u003e\nYou: Well suppose the dog grows up to be Lassie, but the child grows up to be Hitler? Who would you save?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNotice you\u0026rsquo;ve taken the cheerleader\u0026rsquo;s hypothetical, dressed it up a bit and passed it back.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC. The super-person play\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis proves to be an enjoyable exercise and claims that you\u0026rsquo;ll save both. There are variations and can lead to a delightful deadlock or even better:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScenario A:\u003cbr\u003e\nYou: I\u0026rsquo;ll save both.\u003cbr\u003e\nCheerleader: No you can\u0026rsquo;t save both.\u003cbr\u003e\nYou: Yes I can. Really!\u003cbr\u003e\nCheerleader: No you can\u0026rsquo;t.\u003cbr\u003e\nYou: Yes I can. You don\u0026rsquo;t know what a good swimmer I am!\u003cbr\u003e\nCheerleader: Look! You can\u0026rsquo;t save both - understand???!!!\u003cbr\u003e\nYou: Yes I can. You gotta trust me - I can do this!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScenario B:\u003cbr\u003e\nYou: I\u0026rsquo;ll save both.\u003cbr\u003e\nCheerleader: No you can\u0026rsquo;t save both - only one.\u003cbr\u003e\nYou: Why can\u0026rsquo;t I save both?\u003cbr\u003e\nCheerleader: Because you can\u0026rsquo;t! Now answer me!\u003cbr\u003e\nYou: But I want to save both and here\u0026rsquo;s how I\u0026rsquo;d do it [creating an elaborate rescue mechanism]. What do you think?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScenario C:\u003cbr\u003e\nYou: I\u0026rsquo;ll save both.\u003cbr\u003e\nCheerleader: You can\u0026rsquo;t save both - you can save only one.\u003cbr\u003e\nYou: Why can\u0026rsquo;t i save both?\u003cbr\u003e\nCheerleader: Damn it! Because I say you can\u0026rsquo;t!! Now answer me!!!\u003cbr\u003e\nYou: Okay I\u0026rsquo;m not saving anyone because I can\u0026rsquo;t swim and thanks to your heartlessness and total lack of compassion you have drowned not only a puppy and a child, but me as well!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eD. The topsy-turvey approach\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA more vicious approach is effected here.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou: What\u0026rsquo;s the matter with you?\u003cbr\u003e\nCheerleader: Huh? What are you talking about?\u003cbr\u003e\nYou: What sort of person hypothetically or otherwise puts at risk the life of not just a puppy, but also an innocent child? You\u0026rsquo;re the one creating this stupid scenario - so just what is wrong with you?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany years ago I was challenged by a forum\u0026rsquo;s resident looney (SVW from above, in fact) with would you kill your cat to save my grandchildren? Now this fellow was supposedly an elderly rightwing nut (though you never know on forums), so I wanted to be reasonable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI asked him to explain the situation, but he kept pushing it with the usual \u0026ldquo;Answer me! Yes or no!!\u0026rdquo; I said that I couldn\u0026rsquo;t really answer him unless he provided some parameters - for instance, there may be a way to save everyone.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo he got angrier blurting out something like he\u0026rsquo;d gladly give up his cat for my son without even blinking. I kept trying to explain to him that we need to know the circumstances of the situation. Just what danger are his grandchildren in? Exactly how does my cat\u0026rsquo;s life fit into the picture?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis brought on another tirade on how my answers should be a lesson for the people on the forum demonstrating that AR activists value human life below that of their precious animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo it was evidently time to suggest to him that it would appear that he shows very little value for his own grandchildren. He\u0026rsquo;s the one who is putting them in this life or death scenario. He\u0026rsquo;s the one who is not providing me, the one person who could save them, with any information whatsoever. He\u0026rsquo;s the one who will bear the responsibility for their deaths. And all for what? Just so he can try to make his petty point?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe was not seen on the forum for several weeks afterwards. Perhaps he was spending some time with his grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo in summary, remember that the situation is only a hypothetical one. As such, you have as much right to paint the scenery as does the anti-animal cheerleader. The attempt is to discredit you by getting you to either be \u0026lsquo;untrue\u0026rsquo; to your cause or to demonize you as a traitor to your species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou don\u0026rsquo;t have to play the cheerleader\u0026rsquo;s silly game and if some of them are reading this, one would hope they wouldn\u0026rsquo;t waste everyone\u0026rsquo;s time with such immature and ridiculous riffraff.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"despair-and-anger\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDespair And Anger \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#despair-and-anger\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAR activists are continually bombarded with scenarios of abuse and torture inflicted upon the very creatures they are fighting for. This is understandably a concern because many activists get burned out from the bombardment while many a would-be activist tends to avoid getting involved because doing so would be too emotionally painful for them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo how can activists deal with this very important concern?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe very first thing to understand is that \u0026rsquo;negative\u0026rsquo; emotions such as Despair, Anger, Hatred, Jealousy, Greed and those other items that sprang forth eons ago from Pandora\u0026rsquo;s Box, all stem from a single source, Fear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe good news is that Fear is no match for the last entity that came out of that cursed container, Hope.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy Hope we are not talking about some comforting \u0026lsquo;want\u0026rsquo; for a more convenient existence. In fact, it is most important not to let \u0026lsquo;wanting\u0026rsquo; poison the mix, for it too, is a close cousin of Fear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLao Tzu said, \u0026ldquo;By not wanting, there is calm and the world can straighten itself.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTherefore, for your own peace of mind, never \u0026lsquo;want\u0026rsquo; things to be a certain way.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlease understand that \u0026rsquo;not wanting\u0026rsquo; is by no means synonymous with \u0026rsquo;not acting\u0026rsquo;. In fact, action is at its purest when there is no wanting, for it is uncluttered with expectations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe problem of disappointment comes from linking an expectation to an action. One engages in an action fully expecting a certain result. If the result materializes, euphoria usually follows. If the result is unsatisfactory, one or more of Fear\u0026rsquo;s relatives start up a party. Either way, calmness is sacrificed to glandular secretions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat needs to be understood is that a particular action may not produce the desired result simply because causality is a tricky business - there are invariably many factors involved which may take the flow of events in a different direction than what one might expect. This doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean one shouldn\u0026rsquo;t plan the action with specific goals in mind. It only means that one shouldn\u0026rsquo;t attach one\u0026rsquo;s wishes with superglue to events that haven\u0026rsquo;t even occurred.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTherefore, do not harbor expectations for your action.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOk, but suppose things go really bad. Suppose after all your efforts, the situation looks even worse than it did before? Surely, you are entitled to some modicum of misery? Well, of course you are entitled to this anytime, but if it doesn\u0026rsquo;t help you or your cause, why bother?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a saying, \u0026ldquo;Life owes us nothing. We owe life everything. The only way to happiness is to squander oneself in a worthwhile cause.\u0026rdquo; So what is important here is the squandering - never what you (or those you advocate for) are owed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis idea appears throughout the ancient texts in various forms such as \u0026ldquo;The battle cannot be won. It cannot be lost. It can only be fought.\u0026rdquo; or the beautifully concise Zen koan, \u0026ldquo;Working hard, accomplishing no thing\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTherefore, act according to your conscience and damn the consequences!\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlease understand that the suggestion is not that one becomes an impassioned robot though there is nothing at all wrong with being so, if this is the style you wish to adopt.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome wear their Compassion on their sleeve and can sooth the wildest of brutes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, understand that Compassion\u0026rsquo;s closest relative is Courage. Those who protest atrocity, those who oppose cruelty, those who rescue sentient beings from torture and death, do so because of their Compassion and also because of their Courage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat does this mean? It means that if one has Compassion, alongside also travels her close companion, Courage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTherefore, never feel you lack courage, if you are compassionate. One is never far from the other.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome people get traumatized by events. They need to understand that events are like waves of water in a stream, part of the flow. The stream cannot be determined from a few waves. In fact, if you get too close to any wave, you\u0026rsquo;ll likely get wet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKeeping the bigger picture in mind, is a popular saying, but what is being suggested here is quite different. When swimming in a stream one needs to adapt one\u0026rsquo;s motion to coordinate with the larger motion. This is like the \u0026lsquo;go with the flow\u0026rsquo; idea, with one major addition: keep the head above the water.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe flow is nice and energizing, so one doesn\u0026rsquo;t have to be buffetted by the individual waves. However, it is important to watch where the stream is headed or if someone has diverted its course from its true destination, the grand ocean. After all, one doesn\u0026rsquo;t want to end up in someone\u0026rsquo;s resevoir.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTherefore, go with the flow, but only if the flow aligns with integrity.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany people get depressed because they feel they are not doing enough. In fact, they worry so much, that they end up doing very little. This is not an uncommon occurence because there is no shortage of causes in this world. However, the matter is not to be dealt with by time management alone. It needs to be handled by a realization that one doesn\u0026rsquo;t have to do it all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany years ago, we invited a tree-sitter (protesting the Claycot Sound logging), Leanne Mallet, to speak to our environment and animal rights group. She provided possibly the most significant idea which relates to activism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe said that \u0026ldquo;some of us are good at writing letters; some are good at organizing events; some like to be out there to protest; some have legal skills; some like to do public speaking; some engage in direct action - we need everyone!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo just because one doesn\u0026rsquo;t have the resources or inclination to ram whaling ships, doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean that one can\u0026rsquo;t write letters. Similarly, just because one is protesting the seal slaughter, doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean that one must hold talks at the library denouncing factory farming.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTherefore, you don\u0026rsquo;t have to do everything, but you can always do something.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIsolation and loneliness are often a reality that activists face. Depending upon location, there may appear to be no one around who shares similar ideas and ideals. Some people handle such situations well - in fact, they like to work alone, but many don\u0026rsquo;t and wish they had some support even within their own home (which is quite often not the case).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany things have, however, made things better for activists, particularly the internet through which one has contact and access to resources that were not available only a decade ago. Furthermore, even if an activist is unable to do things in the immediate area, it is possible to assist other activists all around the world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLoneliness though, is something which is more illusory than real.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere was an episode in the Kung Fu series from the 70s where young Kwai Chang Caine had lost his parents. He was very sad and complained of loneliness to his blind teacher, Master Po. \u0026ldquo;Do you not hear the birds singing?\u0026rdquo;, Po asked, \u0026ldquo;Do you not notice the crickets jumping or the snakes moving in the grass? In such a crowded place, you feel you are alone. Now tell me, which one of us is the more blind?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is well to remember that in addition to the birds, crickets and snakes one has companions such as Pythagoras, Leo Tolstoy, Francis of Assisi, Albert Schweitzer. Ok so they\u0026rsquo;re all dead, but even so their existence is undeniable. Plus we have many to add to the good company in the form of present day activists whose numbers abound!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTherefore, remember you are not alone and not isolated. In fact, you ride in kindred spirit with the best humanity has to offer!\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKnowing that one is in the company of good people is reassuring, but what many aren\u0026rsquo;t aware of is that there are other forces at work too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHistorically, humans have become more civilized. It doesn\u0026rsquo;t always look that way of course, but generally, there are more mechanisms in play to encourage good behavior (eg laws, rehabilitation, even therapy) than ever before in the past.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is greater awareness of the plight of non-human sentient beings. In fact, one of the common whines by animal abusers is that people seem to care more about animals than other people (which is quite understandable after an inspection of the whiner). Due to technological advances as well as education, the animal rights movement has grown faster and larger than any social justice movement (eg anti-racism, feminism, rights for handicapped, rights for children) in history!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd so it should be. For the true measure of one\u0026rsquo;s worth is always tested by how one acts towards those most vulnerable. Do we choose kindness or do we choose cruelty?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ramifications of such a choice have been expressed by many throughout history:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;For as long as men massacre animals, they will kill each other. Indeed, he who sows the seed of murder and pain cannot reap joy and love.\u0026rdquo; (Pythagoras, mathematician)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;As long as there are slaughterhouses, there will be battlefields.\u0026rdquo; (Leo Tolstoy, author)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Until he extends the circle of his compassion to all living things, man will not himself find peace.\u0026rdquo; (Albert Schweitzer, missionary and statesman)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;If you have men who will exclude any of God\u0026rsquo;s creatures from the shelter of compassion and pity, you will have men who deal likewise with their fellow men.\u0026rdquo; (Francis of Assisi, saint)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur choices do shape our destiny for we can choose to be in alignment or in opposition with the unrelenting and unstoppable force which drives the universe, the force of evolution.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTherefore, know that the force really is with you!\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs you can see, there is much beyond despair and anger.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is hope. She embraces us whether we recognize it or not. She nurtures us through our grief and sorrow as she does all those who suffer in life. She travels with us on our eternal journey, providing cosmic companionship.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor hope is that single candle, whose light no amount of fearful darkness can ever diminish.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"feeling-bad-for-doing-good\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFeeling Bad For Doing Good \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#feeling-bad-for-doing-good\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo how can something like this possibly happen? Shouldn\u0026rsquo;t one who does good things by supporting worthwhile causes also feel good? One would think so, but there are factors which can make it difficult.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you have a social justice cause, you can be sure you are going to be opposed by others - well it wouldn\u0026rsquo;t be a social justice cause otherwise. Now the opposition usually oozes themselves into 3 groups:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst, there are the \u003cstrong\u003eoppressors\u003c/strong\u003e. They are well-defined, clear in their purpose and intent. You know just where you stand with them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen there are the \u003cstrong\u003eapathetics\u003c/strong\u003e. These are usually a bunch that don\u0026rsquo;t really care to speak out one way or another. They just want to be left alone so they can keep their hands over their eyes and ears (though not always their mouths).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, there are the \u003cstrong\u003esaboteurs\u003c/strong\u003e, those who do know the score (even better than you might) and claim to support you in principle, but seem to have considerable difficulty with the actual practice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is important to be aware of these 3 groups simply because each is motivated differently. Understanding the motivation often helps in how we deal with the reactions we get. In fact, it\u0026rsquo;s actually amusing to see all three sides uniting against you but for entirely different reasons. So let\u0026rsquo;s see how this happens using specific attacks made on your efforts - attacks that can make you feel bad, even when you are doing good!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA. The Don\u0026rsquo;t Tell Others What To Do\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is an old standard. For some reason, even though everyone is always telling anyone within reach what to do, your efforts are deemed particularly offensive. Well we know the oppressors don\u0026rsquo;t want to be told to stop oppressing and the apathetics don\u0026rsquo;t want to be told to do anything. However, the saboteurs seem to feel that your efforts somehow undermine their appearence of nobility. Because they agree in principle with you, they think you are giving them a bad name, so they attack you forgetting who the real enemy is.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you remind them of the real enemy, you\u0026rsquo;ll get responses like \u0026lsquo;There are no enemies\u0026rsquo; or the humanitarian \u0026lsquo;We are all humans\u0026rsquo; or the spiritual \u0026lsquo;We are all spirits\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn any case, this entire idea of not telling others what to do is a self-referential piece of silliness because the person has just told you what to do! As such, the effort is not merely contradictory, but also self-annihilating!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you want to tell people what to do, by all means do so. Just do it politely, sensibly and accurately. You\u0026rsquo;ll likely get impolite, insensible fantasies in response, so someone has to be the voice of sanity and it might as well be you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo go ahead and tell people what to do, but remember,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t feel bad when you are doing something good!\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eB. The Oh But We Must Be Tolerant\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA multitude of evils is sheltered underneath this umbrella. The oppressors are tolerant towards everyone except those who criticise what they do. The apathetics jiggle with their equitable outlook on existence. The saboteurs congratulate themselves for their ability to hold tight to their own highly ethical beliefs while \u0026lsquo;understanding\u0026rsquo; those of the opposition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen confronting cruelty, hatred and injustice there is no honor in tolerance. In fact, if you tolerate, you are complicit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome people have this idea that we should be tolerant because other people just \u0026ldquo;see things differently\u0026rdquo;. Unfortunately, they also go out of their way to not be tolerant of those see this tolerance thing differently from them. So they\u0026rsquo;ll defend the oppressor (for seeing things differently) and attack you for criticizing the oppressor.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe underlying reasoning here isn\u0026rsquo;t remarkable. At the top of their logic hierarchy sits \u0026ldquo;Thou shalt be tolerant\u0026rdquo;, but because they are unwilling to go after the oppressor (that would conflict with the top commandment), they go after anything else - forgetting that by not playing fair, they have violated their own standard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey also don\u0026rsquo;t consider the ramifications of their \u0026ldquo;not finding fault because others see things differently\u0026rdquo; premise. It\u0026rsquo;s not really a bad premise, but it can be misapplied very inappropriately because by their reasoning we shouldn\u0026rsquo;t find fault with:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eserial killers \u0026hellip; just because they see things differently\u003cbr\u003e\nchild molesters \u0026hellip; just because they see things differently\u003cbr\u003e\nslave traders \u0026hellip; just because they see things differently\u003cbr\u003e\nracists \u0026hellip; just because they see things differently\u003cbr\u003e\nmisogynists \u0026hellip; just because they see things differently\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePossibly some of them may want to test their TQ (tolerance quotient) by watching these videos: \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=animal+rights+songs\"\u003eAnimal Rights Songs\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo you don\u0026rsquo;t need to subscribe to their school of tolerance, but more importantly,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t feel bad when you are doing something good!\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC. The We\u0026rsquo;ve Got To Spread The Love\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere\u0026rsquo;s a lot of gibberish written about love these days - in fact, this has been going on throughout history. It is really a pretty mushy topic anyway, but some self-proclaimed pilgrims have chosen to take it upon themselves to smear the good word everywhere they can.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo the oppressors are full of love for their families whom they feed the broken bodies of sentient beings. The apathetics indulge themselves in the substance feeling love regardless of the horrors they choose to ignore. The saboteurs are practically overflowing with the elixir spilling it with wild abandon upon anyone including those who commit atrocities claiming these are the ones who need compassion for they have merely strayed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow love is probably a good idea. However, one really needs to establish what we\u0026rsquo;re talking about here. Going around just \u0026rsquo;loving\u0026rsquo; everyone in sight, might give you warm fuzzies, but it is of little consolation to the veal calf, the battered wife or the tortured prisoner.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo we should really be clear on this matter. Those who profess to \u0026lsquo;spread the love\u0026rsquo; do so for their own benefit. It makes them feel good and much of the time does diddle else.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose throughout history who really loved, who really understood it, all practiced agape which is the divine love, in fact, the only love. Their love was not of empty words, but of resolute and courageous action. What else could you possibly expect from the divine? When agape appears, there is no room for any petty absurdities such as whimsical tolerance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is a beautiful excerpt from a write-up by Kelin on love and that other stuff:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEven Jesus (and I\u0026rsquo;m sorry if this offends anyone, but as a Christian this is my life), who was often thought of as extremely accepting of everyone because he kept company with prostitutes, murderers, thiefs, and various other sinners, differentiated between love and tolerance. He LOVED the people, but he made it clear that they needed to turn their back on their sinful actions. I think (obviously) that His is the perfect example\u0026hellip;we should love people, not judge them (where judging means thinking that because we \u0026ldquo;saw the light\u0026rdquo; sooner than they did that we are somehow better), but still let them know why it is so important that they change their ways.\u003cbr\u003e\n(From Judgement and tolerance thread on the 30bananas site which is no longer available.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo when you advocate for the downtrodden, when you defend the weak, when you scream for those whose screams cannot be heard, you are actually practising the only love that exists, and therefore,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t feel bad when you are doing something good!\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eD. The But You Mustn\u0026rsquo;t Be A Fanatic\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell just why not? Has anyone done anything of value without being a fanatic?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow it\u0026rsquo;s important to understand that people don\u0026rsquo;t want you to be a fanatic because the repercussions upon them would be quite severe. The oppressors are faced with a single-minded, determined adversary. The apathetics are worried they may be rudely awakened from their snoozing. The saboteurs just don\u0026rsquo;t want someone to do their job better than they are likely not doing in the first place.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFanatics are a real problem for those wanting to maintain the comfortable status quo. They can prick, fester and gangrenize. They may even force a necessary amputation. They are not nice to have to deal with because they really are serious disturbers. As the saying goes, \u0026ldquo;Every society honors its live conformists and its dead troublemakers.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are planning on being a fanatic, it shouldn\u0026rsquo;t surprise you that you may not win too many popularity contests. It is more than likely you will be assailed by those whose comfort zone you have invaded for \u0026ldquo;being too extreme\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell obviously, fanatics are invariably extremists too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeople who complain about extremists rarely know on what hallowed ground they dare to tread. Those who further humanity, people like Schweitzer, Beethoven, McClung, Gandhi, Street, Thoreau were all fanatics, all extremists. Of course, in desperation, you\u0026rsquo;ll be reminded that Hitler was one too! However, the matter is quite easily resolved and was done so eloquently by Martin Luther King from Birmingham jail:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026hellip; though I was initially disappointed at being categorized as an extremist, as I continued to think about the matter I gradually gained a measure of satisfaction from the label. Was not Jesus an extremist for love: \u0026ldquo;Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and persecute you.\u0026rdquo; Was not Amos an extremist for justice: \u0026ldquo;Let justice roll down like waters and righteousness like an ever flowing stream.\u0026rdquo; Was not Paul an extremist for the Christian gospel: \u0026ldquo;I bear in my body the marks of the Lord Jesus.\u0026rdquo; Was not Martin Luther an extremist: \u0026ldquo;Here I stand; I cannot do otherwise, so help me God.\u0026rdquo; And John Bunyan: \u0026ldquo;I will stay in jail to the end of my days before I make a butchery of my conscience.\u0026rdquo; And Abraham Lincoln: \u0026ldquo;This nation cannot survive half slave and half free.\u0026rdquo; And Thomas Jefferson: \u0026ldquo;We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal \u0026hellip; \u0026quot; So the question is not whether we will be extremists, but what kind of extremists we will be. Will we be extremists for hate or for love? Will we be extremists for the preservation of injustice or for the extension of justice? In that dramatic scene on Calvary\u0026rsquo;s hill three men were crucified. We must never forget that all three were crucified for the same crime - the crime of extremism. Two were extremists for immorality, and thus fell below their environment. The other, Jesus Christ, was an extremist for love, truth and goodness, and thereby rose above his environment. Perhaps the South, the nation and the world are in dire need of creative extremists.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is really important to recognize your part in this play and be aware of whom you are understudying. When you say your lines, know that they were written long, long ago and repeated over and over again by the best of who ever went on this stage!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you speak, it is to achieve the right that we strive for.\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen you speak, it is about the peace humanity longs for.\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen you speak, it is to nurture that spark within, all but extinguished through complacency, greed and fear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo be a fanatic, be extreme and,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t ever feel bad when you are doing something good!\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e" }, { "title": "Digital Dexterity", "date_published": "2023-06-10T11:11:15-07:00", "date_modified": "2023-06-10T11:11:15-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/digital-dexterity/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/digital-dexterity/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eYou want to get good on the internet so you can get things done\neffectively and efficiently. This article will show you how.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you don\u0026rsquo;t need to be a hacker (likely good person with a good purpose\nwho does no harm) or a cracker (probably a bad person who breaks into\nsystems for malicious purposes), you should find the ideas here to be\nhelpful. If you want to be a hacker or cracker, \u003ca href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/difference-between-hackers-and-crackers/\"\u003eread this\nfirst\u003c/a\u003e\nand then use the ideas here to kickstart your destiny!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Reading the article on a phone may result in images being a bit small\nfor your viewing taste, so move your device sideways into landscape mode\nand/or enlarge the image with your fingers.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"introduction\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIntroduction \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#introduction\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe process we outline below is called FOE (Find-Organize-Engage) and is\nquite foenctional! We will take a recursive approach and figure out what\nwe can do to develop digital dexterity (DD) using FOE. There are \u003cem\u003etasks\u003c/em\u003e\nto complete along the way - so do them!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"find\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFind \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#find\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first step of a DD effort is to get information and the internet\noffers several tools to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"search-engine\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSearch Engine \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#search-engine\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are many search engines (some generalized some specialized).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e Goto \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com\"\u003egoogle.com\u003c/a\u003e and type search\nengines and you should see a page like this:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"google-se.png\" alt=\"google-se.png\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou have searched for and found search engines on the net! Notice that\nyour page may look a bit different from the above because the internet\nchanges rapidly and search engines often customize their searches to\nyour browsing habits. The key point to understand though is that there\nis much more than the familiar google search engine. If you go to the\nWikipedia article \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_search_engines\"\u003eList of Search\nEngines\u003c/a\u003e, you will\nfind lots of information on the different search engines that are out\nthere and what they are for.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ones we mostly use are:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://duckduckgo.com\"\u003educkduckgo\u003c/a\u003e, because we like the fact that it\nscrolls infinitely\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.bing.com\"\u003ebing\u003c/a\u003e, because it integrated with chatgpt\ngiving \u003ca href=\"https://www.techradar.com/news/how-to-use-the-new-bing-search-engine-powered-by-chatgpt\"\u003e\u0026lsquo;complete\u0026rsquo;\nanswers\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com\"\u003egoogle\u003c/a\u003e, because there will be a lot of\ngoodies coming eventually\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou will notice that the search engines often provide additional\nassistance such as definitions, wikipedia links and even questions (with\nanswers) based on what others have asked about your topic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"wikipedia\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWikipedia \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#wikipedia\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a excellent boon to the internet with \u003ca href=\"https://teacherscollegesj.org/where-does-wikipedia-get-its-information/\"\u003econtent curated by the\ncommunity\u003c/a\u003e.\nSome peculiar people like to claim that Wikipedia is \u0026ldquo;unreliable\u0026rdquo; or\n\u0026ldquo;untrustworthy\u0026rdquo;. These people not only have low self-esteem which they\ntry to bolster by being critical, they often have poor research skills\npreferring faith (which does not require researching) to facts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNothing stays for long on Wikipedia because someone \u0026lsquo;believes it to be\ntrue\u0026rsquo;. Statements have to be verified often from multiple sources and if\nthere is insufficient support for an item it will be stated as such.\nFurthermore, the actual documentation used as support is footnoted. As\nsuch, looking for a particular topic on Wikipedia not only provides the\nsummary the volunteer editors have produced and verified, you get a list\nof the references used to produce the content. It is a great starting\npoint for any honest researcher who is willing to check out the links\nand citations provided in the article!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e Goto wikipedia.com and type into its search bar \u0026ldquo;search engine\u0026rdquo;.\nYou should see the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"wikipedia-se.png\" alt=\"wikipedia-se.png\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePresently, the page acknowledges the need for better citations and asks\nfor help to improve the article. Also notice how well referenced and\nlinked various items are in the article. Finally, there is a section at\nthe bottom of the page which lists material for \u0026ldquo;Further Reading\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWikipedia is a superb resource that search engines often link to and\ncould form an important component in your set of tools!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"chatbot\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eChatbot \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#chatbot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCaptain Kirk, landing on planet Earth, contacted the Enterprise stating\nwith some insistence:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003e\u0026ldquo;Beam me up, Scotty! There\u0026rsquo;s no intelligent life here!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell now there is!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e Goto \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com\"\u003egoogle\u003c/a\u003e and type in \u0026ldquo;what is a\nchatbot\u0026rdquo;. You will see results from the dictionary stating that it is \u0026ldquo;a\ncomputer program designed to simulate conversation with human users\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e Goto \u003ca href=\"ttps://en.wikipedia.org\"\u003ewikipedia\u003c/a\u003e and type in \u0026ldquo;chatbot\u0026rdquo;.\nYou\u0026rsquo;ll find lots more information.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn fact, why don\u0026rsquo;t we try to see what a chatbot knows about chatbots!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e Goto to \u003ca href=\"https://www.bing.com\"\u003ebing\u003c/a\u003e and type into the \u0026ldquo;Ask me\nanything\u0026rdquo; box something like \u0026ldquo;Tell me about chatbots\u0026rdquo; and press your\nenter/return key. If you don\u0026rsquo;t see a \u0026ldquo;Ask me anything\u0026rdquo; box, click on\n\u0026ldquo;Chat\u0026rdquo; in the upper bar and you\u0026rsquo;ll be able to get a place to type your\nrequest. The bing ai chatbot will answer you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe most famous (for now) chatbot is \u003ca href=\"https://chat.openai.com\"\u003eChatGPT\u003c/a\u003e\nand it is particularly well-suited for generating text, but it doesn\u0026rsquo;t\ngive you link references for its answers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBing\u0026rsquo;s chatbot is fairly good too and does provide links for reference\nand follow-up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur favorite (at present) is \u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai\"\u003ePerplexity\u003c/a\u003e\nthough. It combines, in our opinion, the best features of a chatbot and\nsearch engine. It writes well, though not as well as ChatGPT (unless you\nask it to use ChatGPT!!), provides reference and follow-up links, is\neasy to set up an account, and just works very smoothly!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is also Google\u0026rsquo;s \u003ca href=\"https://bard.google.com\"\u003eBard\u003c/a\u003e, which looks very\nimpressive because it will work with other programs like your\nwordprocessor or spreadsheet, but it isn\u0026rsquo;t available everywhere yet.\nIt\u0026rsquo;s likely going to be worth the wait!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell! You\u0026rsquo;ve just made a great friend! Actually, I kid you not: \u003ca href=\"https://www.euronews.com/next/2023/06/07/love-in-the-time-of-ai-woman-claims-she-married-a-chatbot-and-is-expecting-its-baby?utm_source=news.google.com\u0026amp;utm_campaign=feeds_next\u0026amp;utm_medium=referral\"\u003eWoman\ncreates and \u0026lsquo;marries\u0026rsquo; AI-powered chatbot\nboyfriend\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat can this friend do for you? Well just ask your new friend (one of\nthe above chatbots)!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e Type in the send message box, \u0026ldquo;What can a chatbot do for me?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour friend, btw, has many similar acquaintances. Find out who some of\nthem are.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e Type in the send message box, \u0026ldquo;What other chatbots are there?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA chatbot is not quite a substitute for a search engine. For instance,\nit will not give you the volume of information. However, it can\ncertainly do what any good friend will - be at your side with\nencouraging information, possible solutions and even companionship!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"specialized-options\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSpecialized Options \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#specialized-options\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCertain websites have content that is directly suited to your needs. If\nyou are interested in a specific area, you may want to look for things\nwith something other than the general search mechanisms outlined above.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance, say you are interested in academic research on the\n\u0026ldquo;retrieval effectiveness of search engines\u0026rdquo;. Instead of typing that into\ngoogle.com, go to the scholar version of google instead.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e Goto \u003ca href=\"https://scholar.google.com\"\u003eGoogle Scholar\u003c/a\u003e and type in\n\u0026ldquo;retrieval effectiveness of search engines\u0026rdquo;. You\u0026rsquo;ll get something like\nthis:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"gscholar.png\" alt=\"gscholar.png\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNotice that you are not taken to typical sites, but are given links to\nactual research papers that have been published in journals!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn additional approach to try is going to an academic site which\ncollects and organizes papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e Goto \u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu\"\u003eacademia.edu\u003c/a\u003e and type in\n\u0026ldquo;retrieval effectiveness of search engines\u0026rdquo;. You\u0026rsquo;ll see a collection of\npapers as well as some other goodies:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"academia.png\" alt=\"academia.png\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis site lets you access a lot of papers relevant to your topic, but\nwith a premium membership, it will give you \u003ca href=\"https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us/articles/360059924933-Benefits-of-Academia-Premium-\"\u003ea lot\nmore\u003c/a\u003e\nof particular benefit to active scholars.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are many sites \u003ca href=\"https://alternativeto.net/software/academia-edu/\"\u003esimilar\nto\u003c/a\u003e academia.edu that\nsome researchers may prefer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"organize\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOrganize \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#organize\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow that you know how to acquire all the world\u0026rsquo;s knowledge, you need\nsome ways to get at it when required.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"browser-bookmark\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBrowser Bookmark \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#browser-bookmark\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe bookmark system on your browser is a most valuable organizational\nmechanism. It can bookmark webpages you visit so you can go to these\nwhen you want to. If you make the effort to sort these bookmarks into\nproper categories, you may find it easier to access them later. In\nconjunction with the categorizing method is often found a tagging setup\nwhere you give certain webpages a tag. Then when you ask for that tag in\nyour browser, all the pages with that particular tag show up!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome well known browsers are Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Whale and you can\nfind about their merits \u003ca href=\"https://www.techradar.com/best/browser\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur browser of choice is \u003ca href=\"https://vivaldi.com\"\u003eVivaldi\u003c/a\u003e which has more\nsurprisingly helpful utilities than any other browser we have worked\nwith.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBrowsers usually have third party extension written for them which can\ndo specific tasks. For instance, here is the \u003ca href=\"https://chrome.google.com/webstore/category/extensions\"\u003eChrome Web\nStore\u003c/a\u003e which you\ncan search for the Chrome Browser extensions. Extensions install in\nseconds and are often quite useful.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBrowsers often have synchronizing abilities so that if you use say\nVivaldi on your phone and desktop, your bookmarks and histories can be\nmade the same.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach browser is setup differently and has some unique capabilities, so\nthe best way to get to know you browser is through its help page. Often\nyour browser will have several youtube videos other users have posted\nwhich can help you to learn how to use it better.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e Learn about your browser by opening it and pushing the F1 key\n(which will usually bring the help page).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"personal-online-library\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePersonal Online Library \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#personal-online-library\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBookmarks are great for keeping track of websites and webpages. A\nsimilar mechanism which offers different opportunities are personal\nonline library sites. These let you store articles (and other items)\nfrom the web for later retrival in more ways than one!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe best example of such a system is\n\u003ca href=\"https://getpocket.com/home\"\u003ePocket\u003c/a\u003e. When you save an article to pocket\nfrom the web, it will be accessible much as it would be with a bookmark\non your browser. However, the items can be accessed from your desktop or\nyour phone or some other computer so long as you log into your pocket\naccount. You can tag the articles and keep things organized.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEven more spectacular is that Pocket grabs the text of the article and\nstores it so that if the original webpage disappears in the future, you\nstill have the text of the article! The premium version of Pocket also\nlets you do text searches in your collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf all this is not enough, Pocket will even read the article to you if\nyou don\u0026rsquo;t feel like using your eyes!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://help.getpocket.com/article/1126-what-is-pocket\"\u003eLearn about\nPocket\u003c/a\u003e - it\u0026rsquo;ll\nbe worth your time if you read a lot!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"calendar\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCalendar \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#calendar\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo you need to do more than accumulate information which you are quite\ncompetent at doing by now? Do you actually need to get things done?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are two mechanisms that can be particularly helpful to you. The\nsimplest is to create a tasklist and just work on things one after the\nother. You can learn about this revolutionary method in this \u003ca href=\"http://www.towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/prad/time-management-essentials/\"\u003eTime\nManagement\nEssentials\u003c/a\u003e\narticle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, if you want to be more than revolutionary, you need a calendar\nbecause you can not only put down tasks, but you can indicate when these\nneed to be done. The best calendar software should be webbased, so you\ncan access it (and vis a versa) from anywhere.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe use Google Calendar because we\u0026rsquo;ve always used google calendar and for\nno other particular reason. The software lets you create appointments,\nreminders, and tasks. You can view in various formats such as weekly or\ndaily.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow it rates with other calendars such as Microsoft Outlook Calendar,\nZapier Calendar, Apple Calendar, or Fantastical, we haven\u0026rsquo;t a clue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e Check out \u003ca href=\"https://zapier.com/blog/best-calendar-apps/\"\u003eThe 5 best calendar apps in\n2023\u003c/a\u003e and try them if you\nwant to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJust remember you want to access your calendar from both your destop and\nyour phone, so be sure that there are suitable apps for your phone or\ntablet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"converters\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConverters \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#converters\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAh so!! You niet speckenzie anglais, eh?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot a problem because these days you can convert one \u003cstrong\u003elanguage\u003c/strong\u003e into\nanother through the miracle of translation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are many sites that will do this sort of thing for you. Some sites\neven have translators built into them so you can read what\u0026rsquo;s on the site\nif it is written in a language you don\u0026rsquo;t speak. Translators are getting\nbetter and better, some even incorporating artificial intelligence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e Go to the \u003ca href=\"https://dictionary.cambridge.org/translate/\"\u003eCambridge Dictionary\nTranslator\u003c/a\u003e and type \u0026ldquo;How\nare you?\u0026rdquo; into the English box. Then in the box below pick Czech as the\nlanguage to translate your entry into. Click translate and voila (pardon\nmy French), you get \u0026ldquo;Jak se mĆ”Å”?\u0026rdquo;. How about that, eh?! Is it correct? I\nhaven\u0026rsquo;t the faintest idea, but you can czech it out yourself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot only are there converters that let you express yourself in different\nlanguages, you can do neat things like change all British units of\n\u003cstrong\u003emeasurement\u003c/strong\u003e all over the planet into metric (which is what they\nshould have been in the first place!)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTask:\u003c/em\u003e Go to\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.calculator.net/conversion-calculator.html\"\u003ecalculator.net\u003c/a\u003e\nand you\u0026rsquo;ll find an excellent system that provides multiple conversions\nat once. Using the Length tab put a 10 into the From: box. Then click on\nmile and you\u0026rsquo;ll see the results in the adjacent box!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"convert.png\" alt=\"convert.png\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is setting the world right one metric at a time!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the above, there is a myriad of \u003cstrong\u003edocument converters\u003c/strong\u003e\nthat come to the rescue when required. For instance, fine Linux folks\nhave to endure awkwardness caused by Apple and Windows (ok so I married\na windoze user, but I hadn\u0026rsquo;t got wind of it back then!) which use\npropriety protocols so that only their software can open their documents\n(they can\u0026rsquo;t even open each others\u0026rsquo; stuff!). Such deplorable behavior is\novercome using various online tools. For instance, say some unfortunate\nsends you a \u0026ldquo;.pages\u0026rdquo; document and you can\u0026rsquo;t open it because you are not\nan Apple user! Just go to\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.freeconvert.com/pages-to-pdf\"\u003eFreeConvert\u003c/a\u003e and change it to\na pdf! These conversion sites can be a documentsaver in an emergency!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are other converters designed for various uses, but you can find\nthese when you require them (since you know how to search).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"engage\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngage \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engage\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow that you are organized with huge amounts of information at your\ndigital tips, it\u0026rsquo;s time to go and make use of your abilities! Being\ninvolved on the web can be a multi-mutually rewarding one, but you\nshould be aware that there are miscreants out there who just like to be\nnasty (aka troll, cyberbully, hostile). There are some who just like to\nyap a lot and though these can be annoying, they tend to be harmless.\nYou may find this \u003ca href=\"http://www.towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/esa/9.html\"\u003eInternet Discussion\nStrategies\u003c/a\u003e\nguide useful when confronting the unsavory elements.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"email\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEmail \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#email\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWriting emails to others is a primary form of communication for most\npeople. One sends text (or more elaborate html) messages to others. To\ndo so, one can use a standalone software (eg Outlook Express, Evolution,\nThunderbird) or one that works through your browser (eg Gmail, Yahoo\nMail).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese items are known as email clients and often they also work with\nCalendars, Tasks, Contact Lists and other things to provide an\nintegrated experience. Additionally, emails can send attachments such as\nphotos or pdf documents. Good email clients will also let you do complex\nsearches through all your emails so you can find just the one you are\nlooking for.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes, you may want to send the same email to multiple recipients.\nThere are 2 primary ways to do this.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf the list is fairly \u003cstrong\u003esmall\u003c/strong\u003e you can put the primary recipient in the\nTo: field and others in the Cc: or Bcc: fields. The difference between\nCc: and Bcc: is that the Cc: email addresses are visible to everyone\nreceiving the email, but ones in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.grammarly.com/blog/bcc-in-email/\"\u003eBcc: field remain\ninvisible\u003c/a\u003e. One would use\nthe Bcc: field when the email address of that recipient does not want to\nbe identified. Email addresses are usually separated by commas or\nsemi-colons. The receiver of the email can press \u0026lsquo;Reply\u0026rsquo; (to reply to\nthe original sender) or \u0026lsquo;Reply All\u0026rsquo; (to reply to everyone on the list).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf the list is \u003cstrong\u003elarge\u003c/strong\u003e, you\u0026rsquo;ll have a lot of email addresses to put in\nthe To: or Cc: fields! Furthermore, you email may not even get out\nbecause some email client put limits on how many people you can send to.\nFor example, \u003ca href=\"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/sending-limits-in-outlook-com-279ee200-594c-40f0-9ec8-bb6af7735c2e\"\u003eOutlook has a maximum 500 recipients per\nmessage\u003c/a\u003e\nwhich is more than enough for most people, but it\u0026rsquo;s still pretty messy.\nA better solution to handling large lists is to use a Listserv such as\n\u003ca href=\"https://gaggle.email\"\u003eGaggle\u003c/a\u003e. People can get onto the list and any\nemail they send to \u003ca href=\"mailto:NAMEOFLIST@gaggle.email\"\u003eNAMEOFLIST@gaggle.email\u003c/a\u003e goes out to everyone. They\ncan reply to the group (by default) or to the individual sender. You can\nalso get daily digests of email conversations on the list if you don\u0026rsquo;t\nwant to receive large numbers of emails.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRemember that emails sent to lists should follow \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/ashleystahl/2022/03/01/10-rules-of-email-etiquette/?sh=70ab959c4a94\"\u003erules of email\netiquette\u003c/a\u003e.\nAfter all, other people have to read your work so here are some things\npractice:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlways have a \u003cstrong\u003erelevant title\u003c/strong\u003e in the Subject: field. People who\nleave this field blank or put something useless like \u0026ldquo;Hello\u0026rdquo;, make\nit difficult for readers to know what they are opening.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePost with \u003cstrong\u003eprecision\u003c/strong\u003e. Don\u0026rsquo;t go spilling your innermost guts in\nyour posts. Not only does it make for nauseating reading, it can be\nbothersome to do so. Also do not reply \u003cstrong\u003ejust to say thank you\u003c/strong\u003e!\nIt\u0026rsquo;s not worth the trouble of opening the email to read such\nheartfelt gratitude! By all means, express your appreciation, but\nadd something useful along with it such as how you intend to use the\ninfo (that might help others too), or suggestions for modifications,\nor listing others who might find such items of interest, or ā€¦\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf your post contains information that should be examined further on\nthe web, \u003cstrong\u003eprovide the links\u003c/strong\u003e! Be helpful to your readers so they\ndon\u0026rsquo;t have to surf the net all night to see what you want them to\nsee.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimize the frequency\u003c/strong\u003e of postings. By all means, post when you\nshould, but responding to every person (unless doing so is\nimportant) becomes a disturbance to members of the list.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDo not spam!\u003c/strong\u003e Do not post off topic items! If the list is for\ndiscussion on sportscars, then do not post something regarding\njellybeans. It will annoy people. If the topic is related, say\nracing buses, may be that might be alright, but you should be\ncautious. If there is any doubt, check with the administrator of the\nlist. If you keep posting spam, you run the risk of being removed\nfrom it.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmail on a list should be mostly viewed not as a conversational hobby,\nbut as a communications facility. Treat it and your readers with the\nrespect they warrant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA variation of the email system is texting on your mobile phone though\nthis is best suited for individual conversations rather than group\ntexting (though that can be done as well with something called SMS).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"forum\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eForum \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#forum\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome people find receiving email convenient, but some don\u0026rsquo;t! For the\nlatter, there is the forum mechanism. Also, known as bulletin boards,\nthese systems let people post and read posts on a website. These systems\nare particularly effective when specialized notation is required\n(something that isn\u0026rsquo;t always possible with email). For instance, take a\nlook at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/continuation-of-coordinates-across-black-hole-horizons.1053124/\"\u003eContinuation of Coordinates Across Black Hole\nHorizons\u003c/a\u003e\non the PhysicsForums. Beautiful isn\u0026rsquo;t it!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is a forum for programmers who use the Clojure Language called\n\u003ca href=\"https://clojurians.zulipchat.com/#narrow/is/mentioned\"\u003eZulip\u003c/a\u003e. Notice\nit is able to insert computer code for discussion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eForums usually have advanced search, follow a particular author,\nnotification of new postings and many other features that make this\nvenue a very powerful one!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe same etiquette rules for email lists apply to forums.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"website\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWebsite \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#website\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you want to go all out and have your place on the internet, you need\na website!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe steps to follow are outlined in \u003ca href=\"https://websitesetup.org\"\u003ethis\narticle\u003c/a\u003e (and many others - just use your find\nskills!), but the essential ideas are\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eto create content (designing), which can be done in a wordprocessor\nand converted to html (the website scripting language that let\u0026rsquo;s\nbrowsers display your work) or with blogging software such as\n\u003ca href=\"https://wordpress.com\"\u003eWordpress\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eput it somewhere on the net (hosting), on someone else\u0026rsquo;s site or on\nyour own site (with your own domain name)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are many organizations that you can do these things through. Some\nhave a turnkey operation where you build your site with its own domain\nname from their templates. They will have software with which to create\ncontent, get you the domain name of your choice (provided it is\navailable), and host the site for you. Examples of such outfits are\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.bluehost.com\"\u003ebluehost\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wix.com\"\u003ewix\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.godaddy.com/garage/how-to-start-a-website-from-a-to-z/\"\u003egodaddy\u003c/a\u003e,\nand \u003ca href=\"https://www.weebly.com/?lang=en_CA\"\u003eweebly\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVariations on the website theme are social media (eg\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com\"\u003efacebook\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com\"\u003einstagram\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"https://mastodon.social/about\"\u003emastedon\u003c/a\u003e) and video channels (eg\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com\"\u003eyoutube\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com\"\u003evimeo\u003c/a\u003e). Many\nfind building a presence using these systems simpler and more effective\n(for their purposes) than having an actual website (though some use\ncombinations of all).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"conclusion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConclusion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#conclusion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou are now well-armed with that which you wanted!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou know how to \u003cstrong\u003eFind\u003c/strong\u003e information on the net!\u003cbr\u003e\nYou know how to \u003cstrong\u003eOrganize\u003c/strong\u003e this information!\u003cbr\u003e\nYou know how to \u003cstrong\u003eEngage\u003c/strong\u003e with others to make an impact!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo go FOErward henceFOErth!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Helpful Alliances", "date_published": "2023-06-07T12:54:36-07:00", "date_modified": "2023-06-07T12:54:36-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/helpful-alliances/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/helpful-alliances/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis section lists actual and potential alliances with groups,\norganizations and individuals who want to end fireworks displays. There\nis strength in numbers and working together we can achieve the goal we\nall seek.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"who-should-support-us\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWho Should Support Us \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#who-should-support-us\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"law-enforcement\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLaw Enforcement \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#law-enforcement\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirework displays cause many problems that violate more than common\ndecency:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe \u003cstrong\u003enoise\u003c/strong\u003e is a disturbance of the peace (no different than playing\nloud rock music at 2am)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe \u003cstrong\u003edebris\u003c/strong\u003e is a hazard to public cleanliness (no different than\nlittering)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe \u003cstrong\u003etoxins\u003c/strong\u003e are a danger to public health (no different than\ndumping chemicals on the street)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe \u003cstrong\u003evandalism\u003c/strong\u003e is a peril to property (no different than defacing\npremises)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe \u003cstrong\u003ehooligans\u003c/strong\u003e are a menace to everyone (no different than letting\nterrorists run rampant)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe above are not merely harmless celebrations. They are illegal acts of\nviolence:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.blogto.com/city/2023/05/people-got-stupid-fireworks-toronto-victoria-day/\"\u003ePeople got stupid with fireworks all over Toronto on Victoria\nDay\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/video/video-delta-police-investigating-fireworks-involved-assaults-after-halloween-gathering/\"\u003eDelta police investigating fireworks-involved assaults after Halloween\ngathering\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey need to be seen exactly as such and not euphemized into oblivion!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLaw enforcement would concur. For instance, a\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"vpd-ltr-201211.pdf\" alt=\"vpd-ltr-201211.pdf\"\u003e\n\n\nsent from the Victoria Police Department not only deplores the plight of\nthe community forced to endure this illegal behavior since they have to\nrespond to complaints, the letter also \u0026ldquo;support the exploration of\nlegislative changes that result in improved community safety and\nwell-being.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe police are on our side on this important issue and we should work\nwith them to bring about change!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"environmental-preservation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEnvironmental Preservation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#environmental-preservation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are various environment groups who try to stop damage to our\nplanet and local communities. One area they could be encouraged to take\naction on is stopping fireworks. There is pollution of various sorts\nother than just the noise including debris and toxins.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA group that should support the cause is the \u003ca href=\"https://cela.ca\"\u003eCanadian Environmental Law\nAssociation\u003c/a\u003e (CELA). Their mandate states:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCELA works toward protecting public health and the environment by\nseeking justice for those harmed by pollution or poor decision-making\nand by changing policies to prevent problems in the first place. Since\n1970, CELA has used legal tools, conducted public legal education,\nundertaken groundbreaking research, and advocated for increased\nenvironmental protection and to safeguard communities ā€¦ CELA places\nhigh priority on cases, public legal education, and law reform work\naimed at ensuring safe, healthy, and livable communities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Terry Gordon, Professor of Environmental Medicine at NYU certainly\nthinks that CELA\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;Policy Development is appropriate for your ideas\n[recognizing fireworks to be an environmental hazard] and those ideas\nhave to start somewhere.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother group that would support banning fireworks would be \u003ca href=\"https://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/risk-is-absolutely-clear-edmonton-firefighters-want-tighter-rules-on-fireworks-1.5926984\"\u003efirefighter\nassociations\u003c/a\u003e\nsince they have to deal with the disasters often at the risk of their\nown lives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"animal-protection\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnimal Protection \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#animal-protection\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are various types of organizations that work to help animals in\nvarious ways such as hardcore animal rights defenders, existence\nimprovement welfare institutions, wildlife rescue and rehabilitators,\ndomestic advocates. All these groups should have a common interest to\neliminate fireworks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance, the \u003ca href=\"https://vancouverhumanesociety.bc.ca\"\u003eVancouver Humane\nSociety\u003c/a\u003e is sharing Government of\nCanada petition\n\u003ca href=\"https://petitions.ourcommons.ca/en/Petition/Sign/e-4351\"\u003ee-4351\u003c/a\u003e for a\nfireworks ban encouraging their members to sign it. They also have in\ntheir news/blog: \u003ca href=\"https://vancouverhumanesociety.bc.ca/posts/are-fireworks-safe-for-animals/#:~:text=Fireworks%20are%20harmful%20to%20the%20environment%2C%20animals%2C%20and,trigger%20panic%20responses%20in%20individuals%20with%20weapons-related%20PTSD.\"\u003e5 reasons to skip fireworks this Halloween \u0026amp; 3 steps\nto protect\nanimals\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe BCSPCA is a \u003ca href=\"https://spca.bc.ca/ways-to-help/fireworks/\"\u003elongterm advocate against\nfireworks\u003c/a\u003e exposing the\ndangers to pets, farm animals, wildlife and people and has provided this\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"spca-ltr-201215.pdf\" alt=\"spca-ltr-201215.pdf\"\u003e\n\n.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Fur-bearers organization has \u003ca href=\"https://thefurbearers.com/?s=fireworks\u0026amp;lang=en\"\u003eseveral\narticles\u003c/a\u003e on keeping\nanimals safe during fireworks displays.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose who protect animals should be staunch allies in the effort to end\nfireworks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"human-safety\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHuman Safety \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#human-safety\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFireworks are dangerous!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is an excerpt from a\n\u003ca href=\"https://pub-victoria.escribemeetings.com/Meeting.aspx?Id=fdff5deb-9294-4da7-b00a-e2ecafc5a794\"\u003epresentation\u003c/a\u003e\ngiven to the Victoria City Council:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8000 children are injured in North America each year and 20 people\nwill die as a result of fireworks. The Canadian Hospitals Injury\nReporting and Prevention Program states that fireworks injuries are\nmost frequently in males under the age of 19. The risk is highest for\nchildren ages 5-14. Most common injuries are burns, followed by head,\neye and hand injuries. 65% of all fireworks injuries are to\nbystanders, and (3/4) of injuries require medical treatment in\nemergency departments. More than 80% of emergency room fireworks\ninjuries involve fireworks that consumers are permitted to use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFireworks are not that different from dynamite and \u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/sports/nhl-goalie-dead-from-chest-trauma-in-july-4-fireworks-blast/\"\u003epeople have actually\ndied\u003c/a\u003e\nthrough their use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is a \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fireworks_accidents_and_incidents\"\u003eList of fireworks accidents and\nincidents\u003c/a\u003e\nfrom 1869-2023. Check out these 2 CPSC (Consumer Product Safety\nCommission in the USA) \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpsc.gov/s3fs-public/2019-Fireworks-Annual-Report.pdf?La_ZzaoEeI_FXhMNJSoIyO8BhrBbcA4B\"\u003e2019 Fireworks Annual\nReport\u003c/a\u003e\nand \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpsc.gov/s3fs-public/2021-Fireworks-Annual-Report.pdf\"\u003e2021 Annual Fireworks\nReport\u003c/a\u003e\nas examples of the very real nature of the danger!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are many organizations related to healthcare and safety of adults\nand children who want an end to these displays.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"fiscal-responsibility\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFiscal Responsibility \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fiscal-responsibility\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmergency response, tax dollars spent on police enforcement, healthcare\ndue to injuries sustained, etc etc! It\u0026rsquo;s enough to make any government\nor business comptroller cringe!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFireworks cost a lot to begin with with a \u003ca href=\"https://earth.org/environmental-impact-of-fireworks/\"\u003e3 fold profit\nmargin\u003c/a\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the 21st century, consumer fireworks revenue slowly and steadily\nticked up from $407 million in 2000 to $1 billion in 2019. In a\nsingle year, that number nearly doubled to $1.9 billion in 2020 and\nthen jumped to $2.2 billion in 2021.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.gobankingrates.com/saving-money/holiday/how-much-americans-spend-on-fireworks/\"\u003eHow Much Do Americans Spend on\nFireworks?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, the eventual cost to society for this expensive \u0026rsquo;entertainment'\nis staggering! Consider the drop of costs associated with Halloween\nfireworks in Vancouver after the ban was implemented:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOver Halloween weekend in 2020, the service reported a total dollar\nloss for fireworks-related incidents to $408,000 ā€¦ This year, that\nfigure dropped to just $5,500.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://globalnews.ca/news/8347950/vancouver-halloween-fireworks-cost/\"\u003eHalloween fire costs plunge in Vancouver in first year of firework\nban\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInsurance companies would no doubt prefer not to deal with the fallout\nfrom fireworks:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGiven that fireworks caused 19,500 fires in 2018, including 1,900\nstructure fires and $105 million in direct property damage, claims\nare a real risk.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kin.com/blog/firework-damage-homeowners-insurance/\"\u003eIs Firework Damage\nCovered?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFireworks are far more expensive that they appear to be and those who\nhave to cover the costs would like to see an end to this damaging\npractice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"who-are-supporting-us\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWho Are Supporting Us \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#who-are-supporting-us\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you support this initiative to ban fireworks locally and/or\nnationally, please send a confirming email to our accepting\n\u003ca href=\"mailto:pradtf@gmail.com?subject=Add%20Our%20Logo!\"\u003ewebmaintainer\u003c/a\u003e giving us\npermission to post your organization\u0026rsquo;s logo here. It will be linked back\nto your website so people can find out more about your organization, but\nyou are welcome to include a small blurb as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://adavsociety.org\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"logo-adav.png\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Animal Defence \u0026amp; Anti-Vivisection Society of British Columbia (ADAV), established by a veterinary surgeon in 1927, is a peaceful, grassroots organization committed to the abolition of vivisection on moral, ethical and scientific grounds.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://animaljustice.ca\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"logo-animaljustice.png\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimal Justice leads the legal fight for animals in Canada. Our lawyers work to pass strong new animal protection laws, push to hold industries accountable for abusing animals, and fight on behalf of animals in court.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://canadianhorsedefencecoalition.org\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"logo-chdc.jpg\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDefending Horses, because they canā€™t defend themselves! The Canadian Horse Defence Coalition (CHDC) is a registered not-for-profit organization working towards ending horse slaughter and the live export of horses for slaughter for human consumption.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://thefurbearers.com/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"logo-furbearers.jpg\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nEstablished in 1953, The Fur-Bearers is a charitable, non-partisan organization whose goals are to end the commercial fur trade and promote solutions for wildlife coexistence in communities.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.v4a.org/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"logo-v4a.jpg\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nVoice for Animals is a registered, non-profit organization dedicated to the protection of animals in a wide range of circumstances. Our focus is on local and province wide issues but our motto could be ā€œthink globally, act locallyā€.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://towardsfreedom.com/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"logo-tflogo.png\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nTowardsFreedom supports the right of every being to a pollution-free life. Hence, we strongly endorse the efforts of this group to ban fireworks!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore coming soon ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\nBack to\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/\"\u003eFireworks Frustration Homepage\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Honey Sheperd", "date_published": "2023-02-11T10:29:16-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-02-11T10:29:16-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/music/honey-sheperd/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/music/honey-sheperd/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHoney Sheperd (1957-2006) wrote several songs and poems that we hope to\nmake others aware of. You can find out more\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/insites/beings/honey-sheperd/\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e and from\nthere go to her website Thru Bambis Eyes which has mp3s of Honey\nperforming.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of her poignant and inspiring works are:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBlessings to the Mare\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ the mare no longer runs\u003cbr\u003e\nno more does the wind\u003cbr\u003e\nkiss her mane\u003cbr\u003e\nher eyes are cloudy\u003cbr\u003e\nher world so buried in pain ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDead and Buried\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ maybe when youre older\u003cbr\u003e\nyou will be a soldier\u003cbr\u003e\na spirit brave \u0026amp; wise\u003cbr\u003e\na hero in disguise ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn God\u0026rsquo;s House\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ now some they don\u0026rsquo;t believe\u003cbr\u003e\nin making one last flight\u003cbr\u003e\nbut He will guide you\u003cbr\u003e\nand you won\u0026rsquo;t fear the night ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "Pradictionary", "date_published": "2023-02-10T12:24:09-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-02-10T12:24:09-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/pranktuary/pradictionary/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/pranktuary/pradictionary/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is the official (albeit still incomplete) pradictionary which\ncontains all things related to prad. If anything useful has been\noverlooked, please point out the omission and it will be pradealt with.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eapradpriate (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eaprardle (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003earthoprad\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edarthprader (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eepradicate (credit david)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eimpradable: unlikely\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eimpradster: there is only one prad!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einpradible: difficult to believe or comprehend\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ejeoprady: risk one takes when encountering prad\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003elilyprad (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003elonewolf mcprade: i work alone\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003enoteprad (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eorthoprad: have no idea what this could mean yet\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epeppradmint (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epra (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprabbreviate: minimal documentation resulting in cryptic communication\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprachiavellian: skilled in appropriately unscrupulous tactics\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epracorder: recording many things\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epracrastinate\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epracreation: creation a la prad (Queen Rhae for example)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epractivation (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradad (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradaemon\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradagio: with pradanini, pradvorati, praderewski, pradigorsky \u0026hellip;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradagogy (credit kyron)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradagon: as in paragon?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradagonist: protagonist in accordance with prad\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradagony: infliction by or affliction of prad\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradameters (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradance (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradapple (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradaptable\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradaptation: an adaptation by or to prad\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradarth: to the darkside\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradata\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradator\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradbury\u0026rsquo;s banana chutney (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradcasts (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradcticing (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraddictive\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraddington bear (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraddition (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraddle (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraddling (credit david)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradeal: efficient purchasing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradealer\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradealism: idealism that is also pradtical\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradebate\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradegy: tragic non-pradish state\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradelay\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradelete\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradeley: a sequence of pradagio compositions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradeli: a vegan delicatessent with healthy victuals\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradelicious\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradeliction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradelightful (credit miriam)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprademon\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprademonena\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprademonstration\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradendipity\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradenomenon\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradepot: a headquarter or haven\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprader: one who engages in trading\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradercise: a form of exercise\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradernize: update to prad standards\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradeserve: reserve for those who deserve\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradesigner: various design including pragramming\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradespot: pradirected tyranny for the right causes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradessential\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradestal: a suitable pedestal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradestination: a desired outcome or location\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradestine: sneaky like prad\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradestroyer\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradestruction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradevil(ish)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradformance (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradharma\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradhere: stick to task\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradi: may the force be ā€¦\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradialect\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradialectic\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradialectric\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradiance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradiant\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradiarism (credit david)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradiary\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradiations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradiator\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradibberish\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradical (credit david)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradicament\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradicate\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradicator (credit anne)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradictation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradiction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradiculous\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradigal (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradigious (unintended miriam credit)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradigy: a particularly advanced prad\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradilection\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradiminish\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradimple\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradirection\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradirective\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradiscern\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradiscretion\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradiscussion\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradishes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradism: what is brought on to others by pradistic action\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradisrupt\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradissection\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradistance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradistant\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradistic: one who enjoys what is brought onto others by pradism\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradistics: logistics properly carried out\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradistinction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraditate\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradition (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraditraitor\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraditto\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradivisible\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradize: give something pradistinction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradjucate: correct judgement is important\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradjustment (credit markus)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradlete\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradlindrone (credit kyron)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradlock (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradlog (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradmin\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradminister\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradmission\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradmonition (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradmunitions (credit kyron)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradnastycator: to be nasty in a pradish way\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradness: multiple possibilities with this one\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprado\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradocumentation (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradogma\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradolf\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradolution\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradon (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradonable\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradopia\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradorable\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradoracle\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradoyen (credit miriam)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradpaya (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradragon\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradragon flight: a variant of the hindu squat\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradriot (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradroid\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradsimmon (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraducate\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraduct\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraduction (credit angel): musicals by pradagio\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradulation (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradulations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradusa: who can turn others to stone\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradvent\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradventure(r)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradvertise(ment)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradvice\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradvisement\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradvocate: speak on behalf of\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradvocative (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epradypus\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprafer: a typically sensible preference\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epragenda\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epragerize: intellectual theft of prad creations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epragnacious: the pugilistic quality of prad\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epragram: program a la prad\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprajection (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprajects (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprajudice (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epralific\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epramongous\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epramonition: advanced insight into things\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epramordial\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprampathy (credit fuzzball markus)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epranctuary: a safe haven\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epranipulate: a la prad manipulation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epranktuary: a not-so-safe haven\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epranormous\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraority\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraoud (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraradise: coming on many fronts!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprarauder: a roving pradestroyer\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprardon (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprardsley (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprardsnip (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprarganize: organize with simplistic complexity\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprarma: karma a la prad\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprasidential\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprassionfruit (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epratend (credit markus)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprational: typically pradlike reasoning\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epratorial: a tutorial by prad\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epratorical: a rhetorical question by prad\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epravider\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epravocado (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epraware\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprazard: as in hazard\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprizzard (credit angel - though unclear what it is)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003erepradmand (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esheprard (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esleeprard (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etempradlate (credit angel)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe pradas touch: gold is not all that glitters\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "Resources", "date_published": "2023-02-03T14:46:47-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-02-03T14:46:47-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/resources/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/resources/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHere are some resources that may be of use for those actively seeking to\nstop fireworks frustration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"fireworks-frustration-graphics\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFireworks Frustration Graphics \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fireworks-frustration-graphics\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./ff-sml.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you want to distribute the Fireworks Frustration card so others can\nvisit this website, it is available in many forms:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth\u003eItem\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003epng format\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003epdf format\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eSmall (social media)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"./ff-sml.png\"\u003epng\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"./ff-sml.pdf\"\u003epdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eLettersize flyer\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"./ff-ltr.png\"\u003epng\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"ff-ltr.pdf\"\u003epdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eLegalsize flyer\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"./ff-lgl.png\"\u003epng\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"./ff-lgl.pdf\"\u003epdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eCards (set of 10)\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"./ff-crd.png\"\u003epng\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"./ff-crd.pdf\"\u003epdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, here is a \u003ca href=\"./a-fff-letter.pdf\"\u003esample letter\u003c/a\u003e you can give\nto a fellow fireworks frustrator who wants to help distribute the above\nitems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWant it all?!! \u003ca href=\"ff-all.pdf\"\u003eGet it ALL as pdf\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"elists\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eElists \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#elists\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur \u003cstrong\u003ebi-weekly newsletter\u003c/strong\u003e can keep you in the know about efforts to\nban fireworks! To stay up-to-date, subscribe to:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://gaggle.email/join/sntf-news@gaggle.email\"\u003eSayNoToFireworks\nNews\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is also an \u003cstrong\u003eemail discussion group\u003c/strong\u003e that anyone who \u003cem\u003eSays No To\nFireworks\u003c/em\u003e and wants to actively do something about it, can join. Just\nclick on the link below to join:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://gaggle.email/join/saynotofireworks@gaggle.email\"\u003eSayNoToFireworks\nMuse\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce you are accepted in the discussion group, you will receive a\nwelcome email with instructions on how to\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esend to the list\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ealter settings (eg signature, daily digest)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003econtact admin for help\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eunsubscribe (if you wish to)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo view the archives (and do some things), you will need to setup an\naccount (it\u0026rsquo;s free).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn this discussion group, aintain proper \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/prad/digital-dexterity/#headline-13\"\u003eemail\netiquette\u003c/a\u003e\nand post sensibly:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewhen starting a thread \u003cstrong\u003ealways\u003c/strong\u003e have a useful subject field (so\neveryone knows what your post is about)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewhen replying \u003cstrong\u003enever\u003c/strong\u003e change the subject field (your post won\u0026rsquo;t get\nthreaded properly if you do)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Please know that the Muse is mercilessly moderated. If you are a troll,\ncyberbully, hostile or performer of La Triviata, you will not survive\nhere for long.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor either elist, if you have any difficulties signing up or do not\nreceive your welcome email, contact our troubleshooting\n\u003ca href=\"mailto:pradtf@gmail.com?subject=SNTF%20Elist%20Issue!\"\u003ewebmaintainer\u003c/a\u003e!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sample-letters-for-ban\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSample Letters for Ban \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sample-letters-for-ban\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow are possible sample letters to politicians insisting fireworks be\nbanned. Depending on the mood you are in, they may provide some guidance\nin creating your own.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCourteous\u003c/strong\u003e \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./wackyh1.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDear Director, I wish to convey to you my request that our district\nimplement a ban of fireworks displays as soon as possible. Fireworks\nare, after all, hazardous to the health of both animals and people. The\nnoise, light flashes, debris and chemical pollution are things we would\nbe happy to do without! So would the wildlife and our pets! In fact, our\ndog hides under the table when the fireworks go off. Our community looks\nforward to your prompt action on this matter. Much appreciated!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePleasant\u003c/strong\u003e \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./wackyh5.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDear Director, I would appreciate your efforts on implementing a ban on\nfireworks discharge in our fine community. Though these events take\nplace officially only 3 times a year, those times are indeed trying for\nmany of us. The noise is very disturbing especially to those who have\nPTSD and the light flashes can be quite frightening. I\u0026rsquo;m sure you know\nthese displays are bad for wildlife, farm animals and pets too! For\ninstance, our cat becomes quite traumatized during these displays.\nSurely there are other ways we can celebrate these special days! Thank\nyou again for your consideration of this matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFriendly\u003c/strong\u003e \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./wackyh6.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowdy Director, Hope you are having a fine day! I am writing to you to\nsee if a ban on fireworks could be arranged. I know it\u0026rsquo;s only 3 times a\nyear, but those 3 nights are really unpleasant for some of us! They\nprobably may be for you as well. After all, who wants to hear the snap,\ncrackle, pop at 2 am in the morning? Some of us are really trying to\nsleep. There are plenty of other ways to celebrate, so please see if you\ncan get fireworks displays to stop happening in our community. Thank\nyou!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUrgent\u003c/strong\u003e \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./wackyh2.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAttention: Director! Please ban fireworks displays right away! The noise\nis bad enough on the 3 occasions they are permitted, but many people\nkeep at it even after those nights. They are inconsiderate! Decent folks\nshould not have to endure such noise and light displays into the early\nhours of the morning. The wildlife and farm animals are terrified! I\nknow that some horses have done serious damage to themselves because the\nnoise makes them panic. Many people especially those with PTSD find it\nvery difficult! Let\u0026rsquo;s get this show off the road immediately!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSycophantic\u003c/strong\u003e \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./wackyh4.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImpressive Director! You know how much I deeply admire your excellent\nwork for all these months and years! That is why I have the greatest\nconfidence that you will come to our rescue, yet again, and push through\na ban on fireworks displays with the help of your equally fine\ncolleagues! Knowing how much you care for your subjects in this\nconstituency, I have no doubts that you have the considerable capability\nto make sure that the loyal members of our wonderful community will not\nbe forced to endure another night of explosives which deafen and blind\nus. Your people shall suffer no more thanks to you my dedicated\nDirector!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExpletory\u003c/strong\u003e \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./wackyh9.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYo! Director!! What the BLEEP is BLEEPING BLEEP BLEEP?!!! Who\u0026rsquo;s BLEEPING\nthis BLEEPING BLEEP to BLEEPING keep BLEEP BLEEPING night after BLEEPING\nnight!! BLEEPING stop these BLEEPING fireworks BLEEP BLEEP!! BLEEPING\nBLEEP makes me BLEEPING BLEEP!!! They make us all BLEEPING BLEEP!!!!!!\nDon\u0026rsquo;t want BLEEPING noise! Don\u0026rsquo;t want BLEEPING flashes!! Don\u0026rsquo;t want the\nBLEEPING BLEEPING BLEEP BLEEP!!! Do the BLEEP BLEEP BLEEP about it!!!\u003cbr\u003e\n[Editorial Note: This technique though energetically enthusiastic may\nnot be cryptically comprehensible and rather BLEEPINGLY BLEEPHAMOUS.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"how-to-ban-fireworks-in-your-community\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow to ban fireworks in your community \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-to-ban-fireworks-in-your-community\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following is a set of guidelines produced by \u003ca href=\"https://openai.com\"\u003eOpenAI\u0026rsquo;s\nChatGPT\u003c/a\u003e.\u003cbr\u003e\nCommentary is included in [].\u003cbr\u003e\nTasks are listed with bullets.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo ban fireworks in your jurisdiction, you would typically need to\nfollow a legal process that involves several steps. Keep in mind that\nthe specific procedure may vary depending on your country, state, or\nlocal laws. Here are some general steps to consider:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch local laws:\u003c/strong\u003e Begin by researching the existing laws and\nregulations regarding fireworks in your jurisdiction. This will help\nyou understand the legal framework and any specific requirements or\nrestrictions in place.\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLook up the laws of your municipality, prov/state, country.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIdentify the appropriate authority:\u003c/strong\u003e Determine which governmental\nbody or authority has the power to enact or amend laws related to\nfireworks. It could be a city council, county government, state\nlegislature, or other relevant authority.\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFind out who your politicians are and whether they support a ban\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf they support a ban, support them; if they don\u0026rsquo;t convince them\nor support one who does!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBuild a case:\u003c/strong\u003e Gather information and evidence that supports your\nargument for banning fireworks. This may include data on accidents,\ninjuries, property damage, environmental concerns, or public safety\nrisks associated with fireworks. Research the experiences of other\njurisdictions that have implemented fireworks bans and gather\nstatistics or studies that demonstrate the negative impact of\nfireworks.\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduce a detailed but concise case document with appropriate data\nto justify the ban.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePut this document along with other information on a website for\neasy access.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eForm a coalition:\u003c/strong\u003e Reach out to like-minded individuals or\norganizations in your community who are concerned about the use of\nfireworks. Building a coalition of supporters can help amplify your\nmessage and increase your chances of success. This could include\nresidents, neighborhood associations, environmental groups, animal\nwelfare organizations, or medical professionals, among others. [The\ncoalition members need not be only local. Very valuable ideas and\nsupport can be found from beyond your immediate jurisdiction.]\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eForm a small core (6-9) of dedicated individuals who have stamina\nand determination to do most of the initial work and bring others\nin.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdd members to the group who are willing to write letters or speak\nat meetings.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvite organizations such as PTSD, animal protection, businesses\netc to support the effort.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDraft a proposal or ordinance:\u003c/strong\u003e Prepare a formal proposal or\nordinance that outlines the specifics of the fireworks ban. Include\nthe reasons for the ban, the proposed penalties for non-compliance,\nand any exceptions or alternatives you deem necessary. Ensure that\nyour proposal aligns with the existing legal framework and is\nwell-drafted to withstand scrutiny.\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreate a proposal to guide the politicians into making a law\nbanning fireworks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEngage with local authorities:\u003c/strong\u003e Present your proposal or\nordinance to the relevant authority responsible for implementing\nlaws in your jurisdiction. This may involve attending council\nmeetings, writing letters to elected officials, or requesting a\nmeeting to discuss your concerns. Be prepared to answer questions\nand address any objections that may arise. [An excellent example of\nthis engagement was the \u003ca href=\"https://pub-victoria.escribemeetings.com/Meeting.aspx?Id=fdff5deb-9294-4da7-b00a-e2ecafc5a794\u0026amp;Agenda=Merged\u0026amp;lang=English\"\u003e23-01-12 City of Victoria\nCouncil\u003c/a\u003e\nMeeting where 4 individuals made presentations (D.6-9) to implement\na ban on fireworks.]\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport a politician to push the proposal through proper channels.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublic outreach and education:\u003c/strong\u003e Conduct public outreach and\neducation campaigns to raise awareness about the issues associated\nwith fireworks. Use social media, local news outlets, community\nmeetings, and other platforms to inform the public about your\nconcerns and the benefits of a fireworks ban. Encourage community\nmembers to voice their support for the ban through petitions,\nletters, or public testimony. [Many people don\u0026rsquo;t want fireworks,\nbut don\u0026rsquo;t realize it can be stopped. They just accept it as a\nso-called fact of life. Educating them about their rights to a\npollution-free existence as well as \u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/problems-and-solutions/#headline-9\"\u003ecelebration\nalternatives\u003c/a\u003e\nwill result in an organized force which politicians will listen\nto!]\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEducate the public about the proposed ban through flyers, public\nmeetings, your website, letters to the media etc.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEncourage residents\u0026rsquo; associations to take a stand (see \u003ca href=\"sra.html\"\u003ethis\nemail\u003c/a\u003e as an example)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdvocate for the ban:\u003c/strong\u003e Continue to advocate for the ban by\nmaintaining regular communication with local authorities, attending\nrelevant meetings or hearings, and keeping the issue in the public\neye. Respond to any opposition or concerns with well-reasoned\narguments and evidence. [One of the arguments against a ban is that\nit would be difficult to enforce. While enforcement may seem\ndaunting to some extent, one should realize that it needn\u0026rsquo;t only\ntake the form of police hunting down violators, giving warnings,\nlevying fines, effecting incarceration ā€¦ ! A ban gives individuals\nsolid legal ground from which to voice displeasure and knowing that\nyour discharges are ticking off your neighbors can be a motivating\ndeterent.]\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport your politician to push the ban through.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEncourage your neighbors and others to support the ban by taking\naction such as writing letters to politicians and media regularly.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreate an environment where fireworks are viewed as being\nunpopular hazards that no one should have to put up with.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMonitor progress:\u003c/strong\u003e Stay informed about the progress of your\nproposal or ordinance and remain engaged in the process. Understand\nthat implementing a ban may take time and may require multiple\nstages of review or public input. [While the bureaucratic churnings\nproceed in the right direction, realize that expressing your\npersonal opposition to fireworks makes the activity socially\nunpopular and often does the job before and after the ban comes into\nplace. Unpopularity was one of the weapons utilized by the\nNon-Smokers Rights Association in the 1970s.]\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePublish status of the proposal on your website and media by\nconsulting with your politician.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKeep your supporters aware of the progress made.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCelebrate success or regroup:\u003c/strong\u003e If your efforts are successful and\na fireworks ban is enacted, celebrate the accomplishment. However,\nif your proposal does not receive support initially, assess the\nreasons and consider modifying your approach, gathering more\nevidence, or seeking additional support to try again in the future.\n[Even if your efforts are successful, stay vigilant! Inconsiderate\npeople always try to get away with selfish acts despite knowing the\nharm they cause. Some will keep trying to have the ban removed. An\nexample of such lobbying is the effort by the\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalfireworks.ca\"\u003eCNFA\u003c/a\u003e to reverse the \u003ca href=\"https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2022/11/24/brampton-motion-to-ban-fireworks-passes-unanimously-at-committee-meeting.html\"\u003eBrampton\nfireworks\nban\u003c/a\u003e\nusing the stale \u003ca href=\"https://www.bramptonguardian.com/news/council/not-enforceable-brampton-council-proceeds-with-fireworks-ban-despite-objections-from-industry-stakeholders/article_cfef36fd-626a-5122-978e-35e98b84b16f.html\"\u003eunenforceable\nargument\u003c/a\u003e.]\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKeep the successful implementation of the ban in everyone\u0026rsquo;s mind\nthrough the website and media.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAcknowledge the community effort.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHave people stay vigilant to illegal fireworks as well as efforts\nby unscrupulous individuals to overturn the ban.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRemember that this is a general outline, and the process may vary in\ndifferent jurisdictions. It\u0026rsquo;s important to consult with legal experts or\nlocal authorities for specific guidance relevant to your area.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"artworks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eArtworks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#artworks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVarious artists are welcome to display their talents as related to\nfireworks frustrations here. We will provide blurb about you and a link\nback to your site, so people can see what else you do. If you want to\ndisplay your work, please contact our aesthetic\n\u003ca href=\"mailto:pradtf@gmail.com?subject=Artworks%20against%20Fireworks\"\u003ewebmaintainer\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"twyla-francois\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTwyla Francois \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#twyla-francois\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eI\u0026rsquo;m a vegan animal cruelty investigator and artist.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSee more of Twyla\u0026rsquo;s work at her \u003ca href=\"https://www.twylafrancois.com\"\u003ewebsite\u003c/a\u003e\nand visit her on Facebook at \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/TwylaFrancoisArt/\"\u003eTwyla Francois Art \u0026amp;\nInvestigation\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./twyla.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"bianca-xunise\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBianca Xunise \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#bianca-xunise\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublished in Times Colonist 2025-07-27\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./fireworks-times-colonist.png\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\nBack to\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/\"\u003eFireworks Frustration Homepage\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Problems and Solutions", "date_published": "2023-01-03T22:22:32-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-01-03T22:22:32-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/problems-and-solutions/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/problems-and-solutions/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eSpecific problems such as pollution and health issues are presented\nfollowed by some solutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-problems\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Problems \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-problems\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFireworks are not merely a fun activity for people to enjoy. These\ndisplays, even when carefully monitored, can be a menace to animals and\npeople in many ways. Fireworks discharge are a pollution problem in 3\nmain areas: noise, light, and debris.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"noise-pollution\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNoise pollution \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#noise-pollution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLoud explosions can be terrifying for wildlife, livestock and pets. At\nbest they are a nuisance to people who at least understand what is going\non, but can be severely traumatic to many who are trying to sleep or\nhave high sensitivities. In some situations, the anxiety can be fatal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, sound of fireworks can trigger PTSD in some individuals\nwho have been in war situations. While PTSD triggering is unavoidable in\nsome cases, replicating the noises of war seems unnecessary and callous\nto do just \u0026lsquo;for fun\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"light-pollution\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLight pollution \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#light-pollution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBright bursts of light can cause wildlife, livestock and pets to panic.\nThese can also trigger seizures in some people.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"debris-pollution\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDebris pollution \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#debris-pollution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDebris from fireworks discharge can be macro (containers, paper holders,\nmetal from sparklers etc) or micro (smoke, agent toxins such as nitric\noxide, aluminum-bromide-arsenic-lead-barium contaminants). Both can\nresult in health issues (including death) for individuals who encounter\nthem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"chemical-pollution\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eChemical pollution \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#chemical-pollution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVarious health hazards outlined in \u003ca href=\"https://petitions.ourcommons.ca/en/Petition/Sign/e-4351\"\u003epetition\ne-4351\u003c/a\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe chemical analysis is worrisome: 0.5% of the total weight of a\nconsumer display could be lead or arsenic;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDr. Terry Gordon states \u0026ldquo;although people are only exposed to these\nsubstances for a short time each year, they are much more toxic than\nthe pollutants we breathe every day\u0026rdquo;;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA study by the Canadian Environmental Law Association and the Ontario\nCollege of Family Physicians states that the surface has only been\nscratched in understanding how detrimental toxic environmental it is;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-solutions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Solutions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-solutions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are certain things that can be done to reduce or eliminate the\ndetrimental effect of fireworks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"defense\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDefense \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#defense\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese are some solutions to protect oneself, our children and our\nanimals (though not wildlife):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eheavy curtains or eye shades to protect against the bright flashes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eear protection to reduce the sound\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ea gas mask to deal with the fumes and particulate matter\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can also build and retreat yourself, your pets and livestock into a\nbunker for certain safety. By all means, reduce your personal freedom,\nso others can have theirs to set off fireworks at their whim!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOr ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"the-best-defense-is-offense\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Best Defense is Offense \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-best-defense-is-offense\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBe pro-active and even pre-emptive:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eget your politicians to pass laws banning the sale and discharge of\nfireworks (see \u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/presenting-to-politicians/\"\u003ePresenting To\nPoliticians\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eget your community educated on the fireworks issue (see \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/prad/hacking-the-fireworks-firewall/#headline-2\"\u003eA Ban Done\nFireworks\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eget your neighbors to realize they have a right not to be bombarded\n(see \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/prad/hacking-the-fireworks-firewall/#headline-4\"\u003eCharge of the Right\nBrigade\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eget your law enforcement to be aware of illegal fireworks discharge\n(see \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/prad/hacking-the-fireworks-firewall/#headline-1\"\u003ePilgrim\u0026rsquo;s\nProcess\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"the-sounds-of-silence\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Sounds of Silence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-sounds-of-silence\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLow noise fireworks (aka silent fireworks) are partial remedy to snap,\ncrackle, pop. These contain less flash powder and the actual noise is\ngreatly reduced providing some measure of relief to wildlife, pets,\nchildren and veterans. They have been adopted by many places in Canada,\nEurope and UK. See the article \u003ca href=\"https://soundproofnation.com/silent-fireworks/\"\u003eSilent Fireworks Promise\nRelief\u003c/a\u003e. They have been\naround for 3 decades, produce half the noise output and there are no\ngood reasons not to use them instead of the usual as this article,\n\u003ca href=\"https://iheartdogs.com/low-noise-fireworks-exist-so-why-wont-we-use-them/\"\u003eLow-Noise Fireworks Exist, So Why Wonā€™t We Use\nThem?\u003c/a\u003e,\npoints out. However, they are still a disturbance and hazardous.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA more spectacular alternate is the Drone Show. These may eventually\nreplace fireworks for a variety of reasons as this article, \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/grrlscientist/2020/06/30/drone-light-shows-way-cooler-than-fireworks/?sh=2e51226342f1\"\u003eDrone Light\nShows \u0026ldquo;Way Cooler\u0026rdquo; Than\nFireworks\u003c/a\u003e,\nin Forbes explains. Articles on these alternatives can be found in our\nMedia Articles section under \u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/media/#headline-3\"\u003eThe Drone\nShow\u003c/a\u003e.\nWhile drone shows are a definite improvement (in both reducing the\npollution and long-term financial costs), we should explore this\npossibility and as Lesley Fox of \u003ca href=\"https://thefurbearers.com\"\u003eThe\nFur-bearers\u003c/a\u003e says, \u0026ldquo;strive for shows that\ncause the least amount of harm\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\nBack to\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/\"\u003eFireworks Frustration Homepage\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "FAQ", "date_published": "2023-01-02T22:28:17-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-01-02T22:28:17-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/faq/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/faq/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHere we provide questions and answers to matters regarding fireworks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you have a question, you\u0026rsquo;d like to see answered here, please email it\nto our frequently asked\n\u003ca href=\"mailto:pradtf@gmail.com?subject=FFfaq\"\u003ewebmaintainer\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"i-want-fireworks-banned-what-can-i-do-to-make-this-happen\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eI want fireworks banned! What can I do to make this happen? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#i-want-fireworks-banned-what-can-i-do-to-make-this-happen\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSend emails to:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCVRD (Cowichan Valley Regional District)\n[legislativeservices@cvrd.bc.ca](mailto:legislativeservices@cvrd.bc.ca?subject=Please Ban Fireworks!)\u003cbr\u003e\nCVD (City of Victoria)\n[mayorandcouncil@victoria.ca](mailto:mayorandcouncil@victoria.ca?subject=Please Ban Fireworks!)\u003cbr\u003e\n(Don\u0026rsquo;t know what to write? Check out some \u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/resources/#Sample-Letters-for-Ban\"\u003esample\nletters\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCanada-wide, sign \u003ca href=\"https://petitions.ourcommons.ca/en/Petition/Sign/e-4351\"\u003epetition\ne4351\u003c/a\u003e.\u003cbr\u003e\nNote that the petition additionally outlines some serious health issues\nhighlighted by various physicians and anti-pollution groups and is quite\ninstructive!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSubscribe to the bi-weekly \u003ca href=\"https://gaggle.email/join/sntf-news@gaggle.email\"\u003eSayNoToFireworks\nNewsletter\u003c/a\u003e to be in\nthe know about what is going on!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"how-do-i-report-illegal-fireworks-discharge\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow do I report illegal fireworks discharge? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-do-i-report-illegal-fireworks-discharge\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo report \u003cstrong\u003eunlawful fireworks discharge\u003c/strong\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ein the \u003cstrong\u003eCVRD\u003c/strong\u003e contact:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e250.746.2655 (Electoral Areas, Ladysmith, Lake Cowichan)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e250.746.3266 (North Cowichan)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ein the \u003cstrong\u003eVictoria area\u003c/strong\u003e contact:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e250.475.1775 (Saanich)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e250.995.7654 (City of Victoria)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"what-are-the-problems-associated-with-fireworks-discharge\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat are the problems associated with fireworks discharge? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-are-the-problems-associated-with-fireworks-discharge\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are 3 primary areas: noise, light, debris. All these can be\nhazardous to animal and human well-being. Additionally, users of\nfireworks can experience\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/news/police-say-fireworks-issues-in-the-valley-need-to-be-addressed/\"\u003einjuries\u003c/a\u003e\nor even\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/sports/nhl-goalie-dead-from-chest-trauma-in-july-4-fireworks-blast/\"\u003edeath\u003c/a\u003e.\nFor more detail, see the section \u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/problems-and-solutions/\"\u003eProblems and\nSolutions\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"what-are-some-solutions-to-dealing-with-fireworks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat are some solutions to dealing with fireworks? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-are-some-solutions-to-dealing-with-fireworks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can play defense by using heavy curtains, eye shades, ear plugs and\neven a gas mask! Unfortunately, these measures do not protect your pets,\nlivestock or the wildlife. Alternately, you can be pro-active and\neducate your politicians and community to this threat to well-being and\ntry to lobby for laws to ban fireworks. For more detail, see the section\n\u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/problems-and-solutions/\"\u003eProblems and\nSolutions\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"what-penalties-are-in-place-in-the-cvrd-for-illegal-fireworks-activities\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat penalties are in place in the CVRD for illegal fireworks activities? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-penalties-are-in-place-in-the-cvrd-for-illegal-fireworks-activities\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe CVRD does not allow the sale of fireworks in its jurisdiction. The\npresent fine for illegal sales is $750. Illegal (without license)\ndischarge fine is set at $250. For more information, see \u003ca href=\"https://www.cvrd.ca/2667/Fireworks-Permits-Safety\"\u003eCVRD\nGuidelines\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"is-a-ban-on-fireworks-even-practical\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIs a ban on fireworks even practical? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#is-a-ban-on-fireworks-even-practical\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf course. Those who claim a ban would be difficult to enforce therefore\ndon\u0026rsquo;t ban fireworks, are simply avoiding the problem. You need something\nto enforce in order to enforce it. If you have nothing, you accomplish\nnothing. Ian MacDonald who is the CVRD manager of building inspection\nand bylaw enforcement said that \u0026lsquo;\u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/news/cvrd-wont-ban-fireworks-at-least-not-yet/\"\u003ea total ban would be easier to\nenforce\u003c/a\u003e\u0026rsquo;\nand (former) director Lori Iannidinardo pointed out that a ban \u0026lsquo;\u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/news/cvrd-wont-ban-fireworks-at-least-not-yet/\"\u003ewould\nmake it clear to everyone what the rules around fireworks\nare\u003c/a\u003e\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat a ban accomplishes is to put the law on our side.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"how-can-you-stop-fireworks-so-long-as-people-are-allowed-to-sell-them\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow can you stop fireworks so long as people are allowed to sell them? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-can-you-stop-fireworks-so-long-as-people-are-allowed-to-sell-them\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe problem isn\u0026rsquo;t with the sellers. The problem is with the buyers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the 1970s, the Non-Smokers Rights Association didn\u0026rsquo;t try to stop the\nsale of cigarettes or stop people from smoking. What they did was to\nmake smoking unpopular by making it clear to non-smokers that their\nright to clean air overrode a smoker\u0026rsquo;s right to pollute it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe can utilize a similar approach with fireworks. There is no need to\nstop the sale of fireworks. There is a need to eliminate the opportunity\nto set them off (ie a ban) and to make those engaged in such activities\nunpopular. Law enforcement may not always be able to catch the violator,\nbut for most people it\u0026rsquo;s not nice to know the neighbors are ticked off.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen there are no buyers, the sellers will disappear too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"but-it-is-only-3-times-a-year-shouldnt-we-be-tolerant\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBut it is only 3 times a year! Shouldn\u0026rsquo;t we be tolerant? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#but-it-is-only-3-times-a-year-shouldnt-we-be-tolerant\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo. Those 3 times are severely traumatic for many people, pets,\nlivestock and wildlife (sometimes even causing deaths). We wouldn\u0026rsquo;t\npermit car racing on our streets 3 times a year, permit robbery 3 times\na year, permit assault 3 times a year. These destructive displays are 3\ntoo many! What is even worse is that the more one tolerates, the worse\nit gets: in some places, where action is not taken, \u003ca href=\"https://www.crossingbroad.com/2020/06/what-the-hell-is-going-on-with-the-nonstop-fireworks-every-single-night.html\"\u003efireworks can go on\nfor\nweeks\u003c/a\u003e.\nTolerance of the abominable is itself an abomination.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"are-there-media-articles-regarding-opposition-to-fireworks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAre there media articles regarding opposition to fireworks? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#are-there-media-articles-regarding-opposition-to-fireworks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQuite a few actually. Some of them relate directly to a possible\nfireworks ban in the CVRD. They are available in the \u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/media/#News-Articles\"\u003eNews\nArticles\u003c/a\u003e\nsection which is continuously updated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"what-are-some-alternatives-to-fireworks-displays\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat are some alternatives to fireworks displays? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-are-some-alternatives-to-fireworks-displays\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeace and quiet might be nice. There are also \u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/media/#Silent-Fireworks\"\u003e\u0026lsquo;silent\u0026rsquo;\nfireworks\u003c/a\u003e\nand \u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/media/#The-Drone-Show\"\u003edrone\nshows\u003c/a\u003e.\nArticles on both may be found in our\n\u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/media/\"\u003eMedia\u003c/a\u003e\nsection under The Sounds of Silence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"is-there-any-scientific-research-available-on-the-harm-fireworks-cause\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIs there any scientific research available on the harm fireworks cause? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#is-there-any-scientific-research-available-on-the-harm-fireworks-cause\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou will find journal articles and other documentation in our \u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/research-papers/\"\u003eResearch\nPapers\u003c/a\u003e\nsection which is frequently updated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"can-we-share-our-own-experiences-with-fireworks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCan we share our own experiences with fireworks? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#can-we-share-our-own-experiences-with-fireworks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe ask people to send us their unfortunate encounters with fireworks in\nthe \u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/stories/\"\u003eStories\nsection\u003c/a\u003e.\nJust fill out the form from there and we\u0026rsquo;ll take care of the rest!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"where-can-i-talk-to-sensible-like-minded-people-who-dont-want-fireworks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhere can I talk to sensible like-minded people who don\u0026rsquo;t want fireworks? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#where-can-i-talk-to-sensible-like-minded-people-who-dont-want-fireworks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can find groups to join in our \u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/media/#Websites-and-Social-Media\"\u003eWebsites and Social\nMedia\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can also join our\n\u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/resources/#Elists\"\u003eElists\u003c/a\u003e\nwhere we communicate via email.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"how-can-i-let-others-know-about-this-site\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow can I let others know about this site? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-can-i-let-others-know-about-this-site\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are some things you can do to inform others about this site:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esend them the link: towardsfreedom.com/ff\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edistribute the \u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/resources/#Fireworks-Frustration-Graphics\"\u003eFireworks Frustration\nGraphics\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ephysically by card or flyer\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eelectronically on social media using the image file\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"do-you-have-a-comprehensive-plan-of-action-to-follow-to-ban-fireworks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDo you have a comprehensive Plan Of Action to follow to ban fireworks? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#do-you-have-a-comprehensive-plan-of-action-to-follow-to-ban-fireworks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes we do! Check in our Resources section:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/resources/#How-to-ban-fireworks-in-your-community\"\u003eHow to ban fireworks in your\ncommunity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\nBack to\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/\"\u003eFireworks Frustration Homepage\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Stories", "date_published": "2023-01-02T22:25:03-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-01-02T22:25:03-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/stories/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/stories/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePersonal experiences with fireworks and those discharging them will be\ncollected here. These can include not only bad experiences, but also\nones on how a community stopped fireworks displays.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can send us your story by filling out the form by \u003ca href=\"./form.php\"\u003eclicking\nhere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf accepted, you will see it printed below. Please \u003cstrong\u003eprovide a general\nlocation\u003c/strong\u003e (eg city or district). If you want your name published,\nplease provide it as well (otherwise your story will be posted as\n\u003cem\u003eanonymous\u003c/em\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDefinitely do not enjoy the 3 times a year residential areas of the\ncommunity are available to set off fireworks. I have a 12 year old\nchocolate lab who seems to have super sonic hearing for the sounds of\nthe fireworks. To see her cuddled into a corner of the room trembling\nwith slobber pouring out of her mouth is heartbreaking. No matter how\nloud the tv is and the prescriptions I give her do not have any effect\non her. This is just my dog , how many other pets , livestock and\nwildlife are affected by this preventable nonsense. Please help to\nstop this cruelty to pets livestock and wild animals. CVRD this is now\nin your hands.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003e(Bruce, Shawnigan Lake BC)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlmost 2 years ago my best buddy, a beautiful St. Bernard + Great\nPyrenees Cross named Kippy came into my life. He took his self-\nimposed job of guarding me seriously. He adapted to city life, with\nits ambulance sirens and other noises very well - except for\nfireworks! It seems that some people in Victoria like to ā€œcelebrateā€\nevery occasion, from New Yearā€™s Day, Chinese New Year, May Day, Canada\nDay, US Independence Day, parties at the beginning of classes at UVic,\nHalloween, you name it and for any excuse day, with ear-splitting\nexplosions at irregular intervals. My poor dog is totally traumatized\nand goes into a psychotic state panting to the point of choking,\ncircling around the room endlessly and uncontrollably for hours,\nthroughout the night and then for days following, despite all the\nprescription drugs and calming treats that might knock him out for\nshort periods. That means that those times are ruined for me too and\nimpact my health.\u003cbr\u003e\nMaybe itā€™s a fun thing for some children to be allowed to play with\nfireworks from the late afternoon onwards before their parents start\nup later again in the evening, but that is short-sighted. There is no\nreason a few people should be allowed to spoil celebrations for\nothers. It really does need to be made illegal AND enforced. Are we\nnot civilized?\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003e(Maidie, Victoria BC)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFireworks is pollution! Particulate pollution, light pollution, and\nmost importantly noise pollution! No one needs this snap crackle pop\nwhich is harmful to animal and people.\u003cbr\u003e\nStop These Obnoxious Pyrotechnics!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003e(prad, Shawnigan Lake BC)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur cat Ophelia has been spooked by fireworks. I\u0026rsquo;ve seen her look\nstartled and dart to a hiding spot to stay safe. So I\u0026rsquo;ve seen that the\nstress caused by fireworks is real. And it is unnecessary. This New\nYear\u0026rsquo;s my husband and I were awakened and couldn\u0026rsquo;t get back to sleep\nbecause of the noise of fireworks in our neighborhoods. Many neighbors\ncomplained of the same experience.So fireworks can cause really\nunhealthy disruptions for many.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003e(Ranjana, Shawnigan Lake BC)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\nBack to\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/\"\u003eFireworks Frustration Homepage\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Research Papers", "date_published": "2023-01-02T22:22:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-01-02T22:22:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/research-papers/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/research-papers/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eVarious journal papers regarding the effects of fireworks will be\npresented in this section.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCredit: our non-resident researcher Angelkate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe items will contain abstract, content and conclusion excerpts \u003cem\u003ein\nitalics\u003c/em\u003e. Any commentary will be shown inside [].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"animals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnimals \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#animals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis section covers papers related to fireworks and adverse effects on\nanimals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/81330110/Owner_perceptions_and_management_of_the_adverse_behavioural_effects_of_fireworks_on_companion_animals_an_update\"\u003eOwner perceptions and management of the adverse behavioural effects of\nfireworks on companion\nanimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[This is a 2019 paper published in New Zealand Veterinary Journal which\nprovides a survey form.]\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eThis anonymous survey will gather information about your animal(s)\nexperiences with fireworksto help the SPCA and the New Zealand Companion\nAnimal Council better understand the impactthat they may have on our\nanimals.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/57570125/Fear_expressions_of_dogs_during_New_Year_fireworks_a_video_analysis\"\u003eFear expressions of dogs during New Year fireworks: a video\nanalysis\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eA high proportion of pet dogs show fear-related behavioural problems,\nwith noise fears being most prevalent. Nonetheless, few studies have\nobjectively evaluated fear expression in this species. Using\nowner-provided video recordings, we coded behavioural expressions of pet\ndogs during a real-life firework situation at New Yearā€™s Eve and\ncompared them to behaviour of the same dogs on a different evening\nwithout fireworks ā€¦ in this case ļ¬rework noises, which are perceived as\nthreatening by many dogs), action tendency (e.g. escape attempts), and a\nvariety of diļ¬€erent expressive behaviours, may constitute the best\nmethod to infer the likely underlying emotion experienced by nonhuman\nanimals.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/81330094/A_survey_of_owners_perceptions_of_fear_of_fireworks_in_a_sample_of_dogs_and_cats_in_New_Zealand\"\u003eA survey of owners\u0026rsquo; perceptions of fear of fireworks in a sample of\ndogs and cats in New\nZealand\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eTo establish reliable information regarding the behav-ioural responses\nof dogs and cats to ļ¬reworks in New Zealand ā€¦ Owner-reported increase in\nfearful response over time for comforted animals may indicate a negative\nimpact on the longer-term psychological welfare of their animal.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/74442827/Birds_flee_en_mass_from_New_Years_Eve_fireworks\"\u003eBirds flee en mass from New Year\u0026rsquo;s Eve\nfireworks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eFireworks are an important part of celebrations worldwide, and although\nhumans often ļ¬nd ļ¬reworks spectacular, ļ¬reworks are probably perceived\nquite differently by wild animals ā€¦ A recent event which has attracted a\ngreat deal of media attention is the sudden and mass mortality of\nthousands of red-winged blackbirds that fell out of the sky in Beebe\nArkansas on New Yearā€™s Eve 2010 ā€¦ Additional reports of birds\nmysteriously falling from the sky canbe found in the media right around\nNew Yearā€™s Eve. Our study is just one example of a clear and large-scale\nbehavioral re-sponse of birds to ļ¬reworks, a very speciļ¬c form of\ndisturbance.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://europepmc.org/article/med/36033970\"\u003eEffects of severe anthropogenic disturbance on the heart rate and body\ntemperature in free-living greylag\ngeese\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAnthropogenic disturbances are a major concern for the welfare and\nconservation of wildlife. We recorded heart rate and body temperature of\n20 free-living greylag geese in response to a major regularly\nre-occurring anthropogenic disturbance-New Year\u0026rsquo;s Eve fireworks. Heart\nrate and body temperature were significantly higher in the first and\nsecond hour of the new year, compared with the same hour on the 31st of\nDecember, the average during December and the average during January ā€¦\nTo conclude, our results show that New Year\u0026rsquo;s Eve fireworks cause a\nsubstantial physiological response, indicative of a stress response in\ngreylag geese, which is costly in terms of energy expenditure.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://europepmc.org/article/pmc/pmc9138043\"\u003eThe Impact of Noise Anxiety on Behavior and Welfare of Horses from UK\nand US Owner\u0026rsquo;s\nPerspective.\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eNoise anxiety is an over-reaction to loud noises commonly detected\namong pets and can greatly impact on their welfare and on their\nmanagement. When exposed to noisy events, horses can show intense escape\nattempts, which may cause severe accidents for the horse and the\nrider/handler. The aim of the present study was to investigate, through\na web survey, UK and US owners\u0026rsquo; perception of noise anxiety severity in\ntheir horses, their management strategies and perceived efficacy.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://journals.umcs.pl/sil/article/view/11982\"\u003eHumane Protection of Animals Against the Effects of Fireworks\nDisplays\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eIts subject is the humane protection of animals, expressly declared by\nthe Polish legislator in the provisions of the Animal Protection Act, as\nregarded in the context of wide access to individual use of fireworks by\nprivate persons. The author seeks an answer to the question whether the\nlegislatorā€™s high-sounding declarations expressed in the Animal\nProtection Act, providing for humane protection of animals in Poland,\nare reflected in respective national or local regulations which would\nmake it possible for the owners or guardians of animals to protect them\nagainst the effects of fireworks, especially against noise.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://boris.unibe.ch/145121/\"\u003eEffectiveness of treatments for firework fears in\ndogs\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAn online questionnaire survey investigated (1) management and (2)\ntreatment methods for firework fears in dogs used by dog owners and\ntheir (perceived) effectiveness. A Principal Components Analysis on data\nfrom 1,225 respondents revealed four management strategies (i.e.,\ninterventions during firework exposure): the principal components are\nā€œenvironmental modificationā€ (e.g., providing a hiding place, keeping\nwindows and blinds closed, and playing music), ā€œfeed/playā€ (providing\nthe dog with chews, play, and food during fireworks in general, as well\nas contingent on loud bangs), ā€œalternativeā€ (use of calming\nnutraceuticals, pheromones, herbal products, homeopathic products, Bach\nflowers, and essential oils), and ā€œinteractionā€ (allowing body contact,\npetting, and talking to the dog when loud bangs occurred). To explore\npossible effects of these management methods on fear development, the\ncomponents were correlated with a score for fear progression. Of the\nfour components, only ā€œfeed/playā€ was statistically associated with an\nimprovement in fear responses to fireworks.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/79895965/Extra_auditory_effects_of_noise_in_laboratory_animals_the_relationship_between_noise_and_sleep\"\u003eExtra-auditory effects of noise in laboratory animals: the relationship\nbetween noise and\nsleep\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eNoise has both auditory and extra-auditory effects. Some of the most\ndeleterious extra-auditory effects of noise are those leading to sleep\ndisturbances. These disturbances seem to be related to both endogenous\n(physical parameters) and exogenous (sex, age) factors of noise.\u003c/em\u003e\n[Understandably, the relationship between noise and sleep deprivation\ncan be extrapolated to humans.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/90060212/Anthropogenic_noise_as_a_stressor_in_animals_a_multidisciplinary_perspective\"\u003eAnthropogenic noise as a stressor in animals: a multidisciplinary\nperspective\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eConsequences of extreme noise exposure are obvious and usually taken\ninto some consideration inthe management of many human activities that\naffect either human or animal populations. However,the more subtle\neffects such as masking, annoyance and changes in behavior are often\noverlooked,especially in animals, because these subtleties can be very\ndifficult to detect ā€¦ Young animals may be particularly sensitive to\nstressors for a number of reasons includingthe sensitivity of their\nstill-developing brains. Additionally, short exposure to stressors may\nresult inlong-term consequences.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/44339753/EFFECT_OF_NOISE_ON_PERFORMANCE_STRESS_AND_BEHAVIOUR_OF_ANIMALS\"\u003eEffect Of Noise On Performance, Stress, And Behaviour Of\nAnimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eThis paper summarises the auditory range and some typical levels of\nsound that have been recorded for farm animals inside and outside\nhousing, during transport and lairage stay. effects of continuous and\nsudden noise on animals are also presented in detail. More physiological\nand behavioural responses have been described as increased hormonal\nproduction, increased heart rate, and reduction in production.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/2426432/How_and_why_environmental_noise_impacts_animals_an_integrative_mechanistic_review\"\u003eHow and why environmental noise impacts animals: an integrative,\nmechanistic\nreview\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eThe scope and magnitude of anthropogenic noise pollution are often much\ngreater than those of natural noise and are predicted to have an array\nof deleterious effects on wildlife. Recent work on this topic has\nfocused mainly on behavioural responses of animals exposed to noise.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/21479747/Considerations_of_the_effects_of_noise_on_marine_mammals_and_other_animals\"\u003eNoise-Related Stress and Marine Mammals: An\nIntroduction\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eMarine mammals (especially cetaceans) use sound as their primary\nsen-sory input for social communication, foraging, and other vital\nlife-processes.Background noise has the potential to interfere with\nthese functions by maskingnormal sounds, and at least some noise sources\nhave been linked to behavioral andphysiological responses (with lethal\nand non-lethal consequences).\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"people\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePeople \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#people\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/79296937/Accidental_death_involving_professional_fireworks\"\u003eAccidental death involving professional\nfireworks\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/10072463/Deaths_and_hospitalisation_from_fireworks_injuries?sm=b\"\u003eDeaths and hospitalisation from fireworks\ninjuries\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.mclaren.org/main/blog/fireworks-and-ptsd-1826\"\u003eFireworks and\nPTSD\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://abc7chicago.com/july-4th-fireworks-2021-ptsd-symptoms-veterans/10854504/\"\u003eJuly 4 fireworks can trigger PTSD in\nveterans\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"pollution\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePollution \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pollution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231015301369\"\u003eEffects of Independence Day fireworks on atmospheric concentrations of\nfine particulate matter in the United\nStates\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDian J. Seidel, Abigail N. Birnbaum\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003ePrevious case studies have documented increases in air pollutants,\nincluding particulate matter (PM), during and following fireworks\ndisplays associated with various holidays and celebrations around the\nworld. But no study to date has explored fireworks effects on air\nquality over large regions using systematic observations over multiple\nyears to estimate typical regional PM increasesā€¦\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/29847062/AIR_POLLUTION_DUE_TO_FIREWORKS_DURING_DIWALI_IN_DELHI\"\u003eAir Pollution Due To Fireworks During Diwali In\nDelhi\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/89845716/Air_pollution_from_fireworks_during_festival_of_lights_Deepawali_in_Howrah_India_a_case_study\"\u003eAir pollution from fireworks during festival of lights (Deepawali) in\nHowrah, India - a case\nstudy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/83479643/Effect_of_Fireworks_Chinese_New_Year_and_the_COVID_19_Lockdown_on_Air_Pollution_and_Public_Attitudes\"\u003eEffect of Fireworks, Chinese New Year and the COVID-19 Lockdown on Air\nPollution and Public\nAttitudes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/25301207/An_Initiative_towards_Saving_Environment_Clean_and_Green_Fireworks\"\u003eAn Initiative towards Saving Environment ā€“ Clean and Green\nFireworks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eFireworks are an environmental disaster. A single firework can involve\ndozens of separate explosions. A report estimated that after the\nfirework display event, the pollution level of the area was found to be\n500 times more than the normal and persisted there for more than a week\nin form of dust, suspended metal particulates etc.All those pretty\ncolors come from added chemicals, and they leave deadly toxins and\nharmful gases in the environment. As we know, reds are the product of\nstrontium and lithium; copper burns blue and releases dioxins, which\ncause cancer; radioactive barium produces sparkly greens. In this paper\nharms caused by fireworks and possible remedies are discussed.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\nBack to\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/\"\u003eFireworks Frustration Homepage\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Media", "date_published": "2023-01-02T22:20:11-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-01-02T22:20:11-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/media/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/media/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eVarious media related to fireworks will be gathered here. The items will\ncontain quoted excerpts \u003cem\u003ein italics\u003c/em\u003e. Any editorial commentary will be\nshown inside [].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"websites-and-social-media\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWebsites and Social Media \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#websites-and-social-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.banfireworksnovascotia.org\"\u003eFireworks Hurt\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eOur mission is to encourage the Nova Scotia Government to enact a ban\non the sale and use of consumer fireworks.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/2662827140601440/about\"\u003eBan\nFireworks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eLetā€™s get as many to join as we can and I will personally drive to\nnumber 10 and get them twats to listen ā€¦ itā€™s easy to ban fireworks ā€¦\nBUT they like the tax so itā€™s gonna be hard work.\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[This is a Facebook group with 100+ members.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://fireworkcampaign.com\"\u003eTHE FIREWORK CAMPAIGN UK\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eCampaigning to reform UK firework legislation\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur site has both a \u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/resources/#Elists\"\u003enewsletter and discussion\nElists\u003c/a\u003e\nanyone is welcome to join.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"silent-fireworks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSilent Fireworks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#silent-fireworks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey really aren\u0026rsquo;t silent, but the noise level is reduced by half. So\ndoes that make them twice as good as regular fireworks? Not likely!\nHowever, if you insist on setting off fireworks, these are a way of\nbeing nominally more considerate to your neighbors which include both\nhumans and animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://soundproofpanda.com/silent-fireworks/\"\u003eSilent Fireworks: How Good Are They \u0026amp; What Are\nThey?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSoundproof Panda\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eNot everyone likes the bangs, whistles and screeches of fireworks. For\nsome people and most animals, the unexpected loud noises cause a lot of\nfear and anxiety turning a fun firework display into a nightmare.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/opinion/energy-environment/504964-its-time-for-silent-fireworks/\"\u003eItā€™s time for silent\nfireworks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJane Desmond, The Hill\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eIn the first half of June in N.Y.C., for example, the city received 80\ntimes the number of fireworks complaints this year than last.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/01/science/july-4-fireworks-quiet.html\"\u003eā€˜Quiet Fireworksā€™ Promise Relief for Children and\nAnimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSteph Yin, The New York Times\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eA new genre of fireworks displays caters to audiences that can do\nwithout the noise, but they will be hard to find this Fourth of July\nā€¦\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[An article from June 2016.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-drone-show\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Drone Show \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-drone-show\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDrone displays may be an intelligent and definitely more spectacular\nalternative to the snap-crackle-pop stuff and cost effective in the long\nrun. They are worth exploring as a replacement to fireworks because they\nare likely not as harmful to our communities of humans and animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/grrlscientist/2020/06/30/drone-light-shows-way-cooler-than-fireworks/?sh=7bf670f142f1\"\u003eDrone Light Shows ā€œWay Coolerā€ Than\nFireworks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nGrrlScientistSenior Contributor\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eDrone light shows differ from fireworks displays because drones are\nreusable, and do not produce chemical and noise pollution.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://rocketit.com/drones-fireworks-show/\"\u003eAre Drones Replacing\nFireworks?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nRocketIt \u003cem\u003eWith environmental hazards, increasing costs and state-wide\nbans now forcing many areas to cease Fourth of July fireworks displays,\nitā€™s difficult to argue that this age-old tradition isnā€™t in need of a\n21st century overhaul.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome Drone Videos on YouTube.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Future of Fireworks\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/tcoIUd9Y3-w?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e400ft Tall Halloween Light and Drone Show!\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/k0eHQe2KY3U?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eParamount+ Drone Show at Vivid Sydney\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/vLXqM1KsS6s?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1000 Drones Flying at Burning Man 2022\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/YH1BD7kKqKw?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSeattleā€™s virtual New Yearā€™s at the Needle show\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/3Ow0ET-ob3E?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"news-articles\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNews Articles \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#news-articles\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow are media articles from various sources organized by year.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"2024\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2024 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#2024\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.dw.com/en/germany-police-and-doctors-urge-national-fireworks-ban/a-71191493\"\u003eGermany: Police and doctors urge national fireworks\nban\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSOCIETYGERMANY, 24-12-31\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eGerman police and medical associations have repeated calls for a\nnationwide ban on the private use of fireworks, citing their reckless\nand dangerous use around New Year celebrations.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/pennsylvania-man-killed-fireworks-explode-garage-111581803\"\u003ePennsylvania man killed when fireworks explode in his\ngarage\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Associated Press, 24-07-01\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eA man was killed when some fireworks exploded at his Pennsylvania\nhome.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.capitaldaily.ca/news/victorias-first-drone-show-test-future-fireworks\"\u003eVictoriaā€™s first Canada Day drone show could be a test for the future\nof\nfireworks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nRobyn Bell, Environment News, 2024-06-30\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eThe show in the sky will take off on Monday, mixing high-tech and\ntraditional Coast Salish art.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"2023\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2023 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#2023\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://toronto.citynews.ca/2023/10/02/diwali-air-quality-advisory-environment-canada/\"\u003eDiwali fireworks advisory issued despite warnings it might be\ndiscriminatory\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMia Rabson, The Canadian Press, 23-10-02\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAt least two Environment Canada meteorologists warned that linking\nDiwali fireworks to air pollution in an air quality advisory could be\nperceived as discriminatory, internal emails show, but the advisory was\nstill published. [The real issue is not whether it is discriminatory,\nbut whether it is correct. Using culture as an excuse to justify harmful\nactivities is just as harmful. Also see \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/are-fireworks-really-important-diwali-celebrations-1752823\"\u003ethis\narticle\u003c/a\u003e.]\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.squamish.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Squamish-Nation-Fireworks-Regulation-2023.pdf\"\u003eSquamish Nation Fireworks Regulation\npdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSquamish Nation, 23-09-08\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eprohibited the sale, purchase, possession, and/or discharge of\nfireworks on Squamish Nation reserve lands of any kind effective\nNovember 1, 2022 ā€¦ Council passed a resolution continuing to support the\nban on fireworks sales, use and discharge on August 4, 2023.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://theprovince.com/news/local-news/surrey-homeowner-sues-neighbour-after-halloween-fireworks-cause-fire-damage\"\u003eSurrey homeowner sues neighbour after Halloween fireworks cause fire\ndamage\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSusan Lazaruk, The Province 23-08-28\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eThe homeowner says his neighbour and an unnamed invited guest lit\nfireworks at a social gathering on Oct. 31, 2021, causing \u0026ldquo;significant\nfire, smoke and water damage\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://new.animaleveryday.com/2023/08/22/to-reduce-pet-anxiety-an-italian-town-becomes-the-first-city-in-the-world-to-switch-to-silent-fireworks/\"\u003eItalian town becomes the first city in the world to switch to silent\nfireworks.\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimals Everyday 23-08-22\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eThe first municipality in the world to totally transition to utilizing\nexclusively silent fireworks is Collecchio, an Italian town in the Parma\nDistrict of Italy.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/drone-light-shows-instead-of-fireworks-b-c-e-petitions-1.6905869\"\u003eAs much as B.C. loves its fireworks, some residents are pushing Ottawa\nto retire\nthem\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nChad Pawson, CBC News, 23-07-15\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eWhether fireworks are appropriate is an on-going debate between those\nwho want pets and people sensitive to noise to be protected, others who\nsee fireworks as costly and polluting, and those who want the\ntraditional fun to continue.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ctvnews.ca/world/a-large-explosion-at-a-fireworks-warehouse-in-thailand-kills-at-least-9-people-and-wounds-scores-1.6499287?fbclid=IwAR14QggjuzCDSTmwyBTiQiO2dTa8NO6NAoCjmOgsaFdWUr-W_C0VOLIvS_M\"\u003eA large explosion at a fireworks warehouse in Thailand kills at least 9\npeople\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Associated Press, CTV, 23-07-29 \u003cem\u003eA large explosion at a fireworks\nwarehouse in southern Thailand on Saturday killed at least nine people ā€¦\nat least 115 people were hurt, and that many were in serious condition ā€¦\nabout 500 to 800 people who live nearby may have to be moved to a\ntemporary shelter.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.northshoredailypost.com/coun-hanson-wants-complete-ban-on-fireworks-in-district-of-north-vancouver/\"\u003eCoun. Hanson wants complete ban on fireworks in District of North\nVancouver\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nGagandeep Ghuman,ļæ¼North Shore Daily Post, 23-07-26\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eEvery Halloween and new year, we get many complaints from people about\nfireworks. Itā€™s upsetting to animals and there is an environmental\nimpact from all the smoke and it\u0026rsquo;s bad for the wild animals. I believe\nthe time has come to focus on ensuring that everyone can enjoy\nHalloween.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://abc57.com/news/the-dangers-of-fireworks-increased-fire-risk-in-drought-and-decreased-air-quality\"\u003eThe dangers of fireworks: increased fire risk in drought and decreased\nair\nquality\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAmber Twardy, ABC57, 23-07-03\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAlthough fireworks can seem like a harmless way to celebrate the Fourth\nof July, they\u0026rsquo;re actually more dangerous than most people realize.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2023/07/05/july-4th-2023-firework-deaths-injuries-by-state/70383896007/?fbclid=IwAR3X19o0ttDCUzu37x7nIZV9hbYBnNSRsZ3u9_rdJHX2qZNCX12JtYCuLr0\"\u003eJuly 4th firework mishaps claimed lives and injured\ndozens\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nNatalie Neysa Alund, USA TODAY, 23-07-06\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eThese incidents are among nearly a half-dozen reported firework-related\nfatalities police and fire officials said have taken place across the\nnation during this year\u0026rsquo;s Fourth of July festivities.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/is-it-time-for-drones-to-replace-english-bay-fireworks\"\u003eIs it time for drones to replace fireworks at Vancouver\u0026rsquo;s Celebration\nof\nLight?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nGordon McIntyre, 23-07-04\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eCompared to the explosive kind, drones are quieter, safer, better for\nthe environment and don\u0026rsquo;t scare the bejesus out of pets.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.goodnet.org/articles/replacing-fireworks-light-shows-for-holiday?fbclid=IwAR15u4XE7QrW8iUnPsQKu8QvG-LRMoXLG5S9XGnIq_g3sxRKyf10tgIhIOA\"\u003eReplacing Fireworks With Light Shows for the\nHoliday\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBonnie Riva Ras, Deputy Editor, Goodnet 23-06-30\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eFuturistic light shows are a better choice this summer.\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[Although light shows are indeed a better choice, just how much better\nthey are should be examined further.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/prad/hacking-the-fireworks-firewall/\"\u003eHacking the Fireworks\nFirewall\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nprad, towardsfreedom 23-06-29\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eEnding fireworks frustration requires understanding the game.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.pentictonherald.ca/news/article_fefa37da-1445-11ee-9492-573d0f03e361.html\"\u003eFireworks should be banned says advocacy\ngroup\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDiane Strandberg 23-06-27\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eBC animal advocacy group says fireworks exploding in the night sky is\nan outdated and dangerous way of celebrating ā€” and should be banned.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://saanich.ca.granicus.com/player/clip/755?view_id=1\u0026amp;redirect=true\u0026amp;h=6e4b1e016e4813fd9b58d35aee8cba35\"\u003eCouncil of Saanich Presentation\nVideo\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nLavinia Rojas Schultz and Ranjana Basu 23-06-12\u003cbr\u003e\n[Lavinia @ 2:35 and Ranjana @ 12:30 spoke about why a fireworks ban\nshould be implemented.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/summer-fireworks-can-traumatize-pets-and-cause-wildlife-to-flee-206556\"\u003eSummer fireworks can traumatize pets and cause wildlife to\nflee\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nKendra Coulter, The Conversation, 23-06-01\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAnimal caretakers, wildlife rehabilitators and fire services see\nfirsthand the damaging ā€” and sometimes fatal ā€” effects whenever and\nwherever fireworks are deployed.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.blogto.com/city/2023/05/people-got-stupid-fireworks-toronto-victoria-day/\"\u003ePeople got stupid with fireworks all over Toronto on Victoria\nDay\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJack Landau 23-05-23\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eToronto\u0026rsquo;s main fireworks display was held over Ashbridge\u0026rsquo;s Bay, and\npolice were out in full force to prevent a repeat of the chaotic events\nwitnessed during 2022\u0026rsquo;s Victoria Day celebration.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://calgaryherald.com/news/local-news/petition-started-to-reverse-cancellation-of-canada-day-fireworks\"\u003ePetition started to reverse cancellation of Canada Day\nfireworks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nStephanie Babych 23-05-23\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eThe petition, started by Common Sense Calgary, calls for city council\nto step in and reverse the choice to cancel the July 1st fireworks\ndisplay. The group labels the decision as ā€œnonsense.ā€\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[The article also states that the ban attempts to address environmental\nand cultural issues. The pyrotechnic show is also friendlier to\nwildlife.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://globalnews.ca/video/9712674/brampton-bans-personal-fireworks-ahead-of-long-weekend-celebrations/\"\u003eBrampton bans personal fireworks ahead of long weekend\ncelebrations\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nGlobal News 23-05-19\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eThe City of Brampton enacted a ban on all fireworks last year. As\nVictoria Day approaches, Sean O\u0026rsquo;Shea reports on how locals feel about\nthe ban.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/news/fireworks-within-cvrd-still-a-hot-topic-some-directors-want-a-complete-ban/\"\u003eFireworks within CVRD still a hot topic; some directors want a complete\nban\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nRobert Barron 23-04-26\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eActon said the CVRD is way behind many large municipalities and other\njurisdictions which have completely banned fireworks.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://earth.org/environmental-impact-of-fireworks/\"\u003eCrowd-Pleasing Fireworks Are Not So Pleasing to the\nPlanet\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJessica Han, Global Commons 23-04-19\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eFireworks are used to please crowds, celebrate big holidays, and end\nfestivals with a bang ā€“ literally. But at what environmental cost?\nEspecially when climate change has made its way to the forefront of the\nplanet, it is important to consider the environmental impact of\nfireworks.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.vicnews.com/news/victoria-residents-ask-council-for-fireworks-ban-due-to-impact-on-pets/\"\u003eVictoria residents ask council for fireworks ban due to impact on\npets\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nElla Matte, Victoria News 23-01-16\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSeveral Victorians want the city to enact a fireworks ban due to the\nimpact of noise on pets and people with PTSD\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[\u003ca href=\"https://pub-victoria.escribemeetings.com/Meeting.aspx?Id=fdff5deb-9294-4da7-b00a-e2ecafc5a794\"\u003eMeeting\nMinutes\u003c/a\u003e\nshow that the 4 individuals were Lavinia Rojas: Fireworks Ban (D.6); Jen\nDobell: Ban Fireworks for Animals, Environment, People with PTSD (D.7);\nShon Shum: Banning of Fireworks (\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"D8.pdf\" alt=\"D8.pdf\"\u003e\n\n); Teri Millis: Fireworks\n(\u003ca href=\"./D9.txt\"\u003eD.9\u003c/a\u003e).]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"2022\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2022 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#2022\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://fireworkcampaign.com/2022/11/06/fireworks-are-not-inclusive-and-outdated-in-a-modern-society/\"\u003eFireworks are NOT Inclusive ā€“ and Outdated in a Modern\nSociety\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nLiz, The Fireworks Campaign UK 22-11-06\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eMany people are adversely affected by fireworks and yet society does\nnot include their needs in the lack of regulation we have around\nfireworks. I remember a lady who got in touch with us, whose husband is\na war veteran. He almost died in combat and she finds it so distressing\nto see him go clammy and shake when fireworks go off.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/video/video-delta-police-investigating-fireworks-involved-assaults-after-halloween-gathering/\"\u003eDelta police investigating fireworks-involved assaults after Halloween\ngathering\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBlack Press Media Staff 22-11-02\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003ePolice say hundreds of youth gathered on Oct. 31, causing property\ndamage and targeting pedestrians ā€¦ multiple pedestrians and first\nresponders were assaulted with fireworks ā€¦young people were reported\nsetting off fireworks for at least four hours\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://globalnews.ca/news/9231203/bc-halloween-fireworks/\"\u003eFireworks are a Halloween tradition in B.C., but many cities regulate\nthem\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Canadian Press 22-10-27\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eWhile some cities permit fireworks on Halloween night, many\nmunicipalities across the province have banned their use, including\nVancouver, Kelowna, Coquitlam, Kamloops and Surrey.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/are-fireworks-really-important-diwali-celebrations-1752823\"\u003eAre Fireworks Really Important for Diwali\nCelebrations?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJack Dutton, Newsweek, 22-10-22\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eFireworks are a more modern phenomenon when it comes to Diwali\ncelebrations ā€¦ \u0026ldquo;They are not necessary, and the festival does not lose\nits significance in any way if they are absent.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://mcwec.org/2022/06/how-fireworks-pollute-our-drinking-water/\"\u003eHow Fireworks Pollute Our Drinking\nWater\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMCWEC 22-06-27\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAir pollution is a well known concern with fireworks displays, but\noften overlooked is the impact lingering debris in air, water and land\nhas on drinking water.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/risk-is-absolutely-clear-edmonton-firefighters-want-tighter-rules-on-fireworks-1.5926984\"\u003eEdmonton firefighters want tighter rules on\nfireworks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSean Amato, CTV News Edmonton 22-05-31\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eOfficials with the fire department are concerned about accidental\nblazes and injuries and are recommending councillors ban amateur\ndisplays and only allow shows with professional oversight and paid\npermits.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/london/london-ontario-fireworks-1.6464038\"\u003eOnline petition urges city to ban private firework sales, displays in\nLondon\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nColin Butler, CBC News 22-05-25\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAn online petition is urging city council to institute a ban on the\nprivate sale and display of fireworks inside city limits, citing safety\nreasons, pollution and people setting them off illegally in the weeks\nleading up to and after statutory holidays.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.cowichanvalleycitizen.com/opinion/robert-barron-column-private-fireworks-should-be-banned/\"\u003ePrivate fireworks should be\nbanned\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nRobert Barron 22-02-03\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eI was amazed that no cars had exploded, no houses burned down.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/news/cvrd-wont-ban-fireworks-at-least-not-yet/\"\u003eCVRD wonā€™t ban fireworks; at least not\nyet\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nRobert Barron 22-04-18\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eDistrict will invite municipalities and First Nations to participate in\ndiscussions.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/news/cvrd-favours-fireworks-ban-but-worried-about-practicality/\"\u003eCVRD favours fireworks ban, but worried about\npracticality\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nRobert Barron 22-02-03\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSome directors want a total ban.\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[Others aren\u0026rsquo;t sure it can be enforced.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://globalnews.ca/news/8500236/ns-horse-owner-consumer-fireworks-ban/\"\u003eN.S. horse owner calls for ban of consumer\nfireworks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAlex Cooke, Global News 22-01-10\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eA Nova Scotia horse owner is calling for the ban of consumer fireworks\nafter spending another New Yearā€™s Eve trying to keep her animals calm.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"2021-and-earlier\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2021 and earlier \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#2021-and-earlier\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://patient.info/news-and-features/managing-ptsd-during-fireworks-season\"\u003eManaging PTSD during fireworks\nseason\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nEmily Bashforth 21-11-01\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eWhile fireworks season can be an exciting time for many, this time of\nyear can be really difficult for people with PTSD. Fireworks displays\ncan be beautiful to look at, but the loud noises they create can be\ntriggering if someone has trauma from an experience in their past. It\u0026rsquo;s\nimportant we don\u0026rsquo;t forget about people with PTSD during fireworks\nseason.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/news/police-say-fireworks-issues-in-the-valley-need-to-be-addressed/\"\u003ePolice say fireworks issues in the Valley need to be\naddressed\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nRobert Barron 21-11-19\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eā€œWe see lots of injuries,ā€ RCMP Insp. Chris Bear says.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://globalnews.ca/news/8347950/vancouver-halloween-fireworks-cost/\"\u003eHalloween fire costs plunge in Vancouver in first year of firework\nban\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSimon Little, Global News 21-11-03\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eVancouver Fire and Rescue Services says the city saw a massive plunge\nin costs associated with the use of fireworks this Halloween, the first\nyear the cityā€™s ban on the sale and use of consumer fireworks was in\neffect ā€¦ Over Halloween weekend in 2020, the service reported a total\ndollar loss for fireworks-related incidents to $408,000 ā€¦ This year,\nthat figure dropped to just $5,500.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://bc.ctvnews.ca/vancouver-authorities-say-they-were-too-busy-to-enforce-new-fireworks-ban-on-halloween-1.5647861\"\u003eVancouver authorities say they were too busy to enforce new fireworks\nban on\nHalloween\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSt. John Alexander 21-11-01\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eVancouver police and firefighters admit Halloween is often the busiest\nnight of the year, and claim they just donā€™t have the resources to\nenforce the cityā€™s new fireworks bylaw.\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n[Fireworks need to be banned. Lack of resources are often a problem, so\nthe approach should incorporate an effort to make fireworks unpopular,\nmuch in the way that smoking has been made unpopular since the 1980s.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.animalprotectionparty.ca/its-time-to-ban-fireworks/\"\u003eItā€™s Time To Ban\nFireworks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJordan Reichert 21-10-31\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eFireworks Diminish the Real Star We Should be Celebrating: Nature.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://dailyhive.com/vancouver/national-petition-fireworks-halloween\"\u003eNational government petition on fireworks launched ahead of\nHalloween\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nVincent Plana 21-10-29\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eA petition on the House of Commons website calling for federal action\nagainst fireworks has gained the support of the BC SPCA. It was started\nby BC resident Lavinia Rojas and authorized by Laurel Collins, a Member\nof Parliament under the New Democratic Party.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.vicnews.com/news/firework-bans-dont-work-says-canadian-group-pushing-for-more-education-on-contentious-issue/\"\u003eFirework bans donā€™t work\nā€¦\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMichael Briones 21-07-12\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eConcerns raised in Regional District of Nanaimo regarding negative\nimpact on animals ā€¦ The Canadian National Fireworks Association official\nadvocates education as a better solution than banning the sale and use\nof fireworks.\u003c/em\u003e [Note that CNFA is, according to their website \u0026ldquo;leading\nnational voice to advocate on behalf of the fireworks industry\u0026rdquo; and\nworks to \u0026ldquo;promote the industry through ā€¦ Consumer Fireworks, Display\nFireworks, ā€¦\u0026rdquo; blah, blah, blah. Their \u0026lsquo;be a good-neighbor\u0026rsquo; schtick\nsounds nice, but is just warm-fuzzy deception.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/sports/nhl-goalie-dead-from-chest-trauma-in-july-4-fireworks-blast/\"\u003eNHL goalie dead from chest trauma in July 4 fireworks\nblast\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Canadian Press 21-07-05\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAutopsy finds Columbus player Matiss Kivlenieks died after firework\ntilted and fired toward people.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://raog.ca/the-harmful-effects-of-fireworks/\"\u003eThe Hidden Harms Of Fireworks On Wildlife And\nPeople\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAlannah Hardcastle, Random Acts of Green, 21-05-24\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eYouā€™ll want to change the way we celebrate special occasions when you\nlearn the harmful effects of fireworks on the environment.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.northshoredailypost.com/councillor-wants-ban-on-fireworks-in-north-vancouver-district/\"\u003eCouncillor wants ban on fireworks in North Vancouver\ndistrict\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nStaff Report, North Shore Daily Post, 20-10-14\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eDistrict of North Vancouver councillor Megan Curren is bringing forward\na motion to direct staff to ban the sale and use of fireworks, including\nsmoke generating pyrotechnic devices by March 2021.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/fireworks-can-torment-veterans-and-survivors-of-gun-violence-with-ptsd-heres-how-to-celebrate-with-respect-for-those-who-served-141731\"\u003eFireworks can torment veterans and survivors of gun violence with\nPTSD\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nArash Javanbakht, The Conversation, 20-07-01\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eFor some combat veterans, the Fourth of July is not a time to celebrate\nthe independence of the country they love. Instead, the holiday is a\nterrifying ordeal.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.lakecowichangazette.com/tag/fireworks\"\u003eFIREWORKS\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nLake Cowichan Gazette\u003cbr\u003e\nA collection of articles/videos regarding fireworks usage in the CVRD.\nSome of the links here have been presented above.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://hopecentric.com/the-trouble-with-fireworks/\"\u003eThe Trouble With\nFireworks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nblogger Nichole Sawatzky\u003cbr\u003e\n[This blog article summarizes many of the issues surrounding fireworks\ndischarges.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.crossingbroad.com/2020/06/what-the-hell-is-going-on-with-the-nonstop-fireworks-every-single-night.html\"\u003eWhat the Hell is Going on With the Nonstop Fireworks, Every Single\nNight?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nKevin Kinkead, Sports Writer\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eLoud bangs and explosions, beginning at 8 p.m. or 9 p.m. and going\nuntil midnight or later. Itā€™s been everywhere in Philadelphia, and worse\nthan normal. These explosions are bigger and louder and theyā€™re taking\nplace weeks before the Fourth of July, which is different from years\npastā€¦\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/calgary-fireworks-environment-wildlife-human-health-concerns-1.5218006\"\u003eHow fireworks can affect your health and the\necosystem\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMaggie Macintosh, CBC News 19-07-20\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eEnvironmentalists are questioning whether minutes-long sparkly\nspectacles are worth fireworks\u0026rsquo; long-term effects on human health and\nwildlife.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\nBack to\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/\"\u003eFireworks Frustration Homepage\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Legalities", "date_published": "2023-01-02T22:01:57-08:00", "date_modified": "2023-01-02T22:01:57-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/legalities/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/legalities/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis section contains various acts and guidelines that regulate\nfireworks discharge for specific localities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"cowichan-valley-regional-district\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCowichan Valley Regional District \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cowichan-valley-regional-district\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Cowichan Valley Regional District (CVRD) on Vancouver Island has\nspecific guidelines for fireworks discharge.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ea permit is required to discharge fireworks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eapplicant must be 19 years or older and be the property owner\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eliability assumed by permit holder\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, there are prohibitions:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eno one can sell fireworks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eno one can discharge fireworks without a permit\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eno one can discharge fireworks within 500m of livestock property\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are penalties for violations:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e$750 for selling fireworks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e$250 for unlawful discharge of fireworks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey also encourage you to \u0026lsquo;respectfully communicate\u0026rsquo; with your\ninconsiderate neighbors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFull details can be found on the CVRD page \u003ca href=\"https://www.cvrd.ca/2667/Fireworks-Permits-Safety\"\u003eFireworks Permits \u0026amp;\nSafety\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"metchosin\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMetchosin \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#metchosin\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTheir Bylaw #269 is designed in an effort to \u0026ldquo;To help reduce the risks\nof fire and fireworks for the safety and protection of persons and\nproperty\u0026rdquo;. Get it \u003ca href=\"https://metchosin.civicweb.net/document/3280/\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"saanich\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSaanich \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#saanich\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFireworks Bylaw\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can set off fireworks on October 31 only, between 5 p.m. and 10\np.m.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou need a fireworks permit to possess or discharge fireworks in\nSaanich.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe issue permits to those 18 years and older who successfully complete\na Saanich Fire Department fireworks safety course within the last\nthree years.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou may not buy or sell fireworks in Saanich.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.saanich.ca/EN/main/community/fire-prevention-safety/regulations-bylaws/fireworks-bylaw.html\"\u003eFull\ndocument\u003c/a\u003e\nto be found on the Saanich site.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"victoria-canada\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eVictoria, Canada \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#victoria-canada\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe CVD has a fireworks bylaw #07-070 with the following sections:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntroduction\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTitle\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDefinitions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeverability\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePermits\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApplication for permit\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConditions of permit\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSuspension and revocation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegulations\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSales, gifts, trading fireworks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePossession of fireworks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse of fireworks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeneral\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncident service fee\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSurrender of fireworks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffences and penalties\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRepeal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe document (in pdf format) can be found\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.victoria.ca/assets/City~Hall/Bylaws/bylaw-07-070.pdf\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"british-columbia-fireworks-act\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBritish Columbia Fireworks Act \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#british-columbia-fireworks-act\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis act is current to 2023-05-10 and contains the following sections:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDefinition\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApplication of Act\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelling, giving or setting off fireworks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSale to minor\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePermission for public display\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower to make regulations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Fireworks Act [RSBC 1996] CHAPTER 146 can be found\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/complete/statreg/96146_01\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\nBack to\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"/ictvity/ethology/fireworks/\"\u003eFireworks Frustration Homepage\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Vegan Business Media", "date_published": "2022-11-21T17:51:53-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-11-21T17:51:53-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/vegan-business-media/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/vegan-business-media/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eTake one look at Katrina\u0026rsquo;s \u003ca href=\"https://veganbusinessmedia.com\"\u003eVegan Business\nMedia\u003c/a\u003e and you know she means business!\nYour business!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe site is very well-organized and easy to navigate. In our opinion, it\nis a certain GOTO for anyone with a vegan business at any stage of\ndevelopment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwo sections of particular interest are the \u003cstrong\u003eServices\u003c/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eBlog\u003c/strong\u003e.\nThe former offers access to consulting, coaching, and even\n\u0026lsquo;done-for-you\u0026rsquo; packages! The latter contains a wealth of information on\nfinance, setup, trends, personal development (and more) through\ncomprehensive blog posts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKatrina generates confidence! She has 25+ years of experience in media\nworldwide (UK, US, OZ) as a journalist, copywriter, content marketer,\nand consultant! She is the author of \u003ca href=\"https://veganbusinessmedia.com/vegan-ventures-about-the-book/\"\u003eVegan Ventures: Start \u0026amp; Grow an\nEthical\nBusiness\u003c/a\u003e\nand hosts the \u003ca href=\"https://veganbusinessmedia.com/podcasts/\"\u003eVegan Business\nTalk\u003c/a\u003e podcast. Not\nsurprisingly, the endorsements from her clients are glowing!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe says her mission is \u0026ldquo;to put more vegan business owners, experts,\ninfluencers, coaches, consultants and creatives in the limelight\u0026rdquo; and\ndoing so will indeed make this world a better place!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Claire Smith", "date_published": "2022-11-19T21:11:07-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-11-19T21:11:07-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/claire-smith/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/claire-smith/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eClaire Smith is one of those exceptional individuals who changes the\nworld! She is experienced in finance and investing and has chosen to\napply her abilities to the vegan cause!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is a series of items taken from Allen Lee\u0026rsquo;s fine article \u003ca href=\"https://moneyinc.com/claire-smith-beyond-investing/\"\u003e10 Things\nYou Didnā€™t Know About Claire\nSmith\u003c/a\u003e posted on\nMoneyInc:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"investing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClaire created \u003ca href=\"https://beyondinvesting.com\"\u003eBeyond Investing\u003c/a\u003e \u0026ldquo;a vegan\nand cruelty-free investment platform providing access to investment\nproducts which adhere to vegan principles and accelerate our transition\nto a kinder, cleaner, and healthier world.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ticker-symbol-vegn\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTicker symbol VEGN \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ticker-symbol-vegn\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/VEGN?p=VEGN\u0026amp;.tsrc=fin-srch\"\u003eUS Vegan Climate\nETF\u003c/a\u003e VEGN\n(and it\u0026rsquo;s European counterpart VEGAN) is a vehicle which \u0026ldquo;meets the\nstandard of the vegan/climate-conscious lifestyle ā€¦ But they donā€™t stop\nthere; they put stocks which do meet set standards in the place of those\neliminated\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"beyond-animal\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBeyond Animal \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#beyond-animal\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https://beyondanimal.com\"\u003eBeyond Animal digital platform\u003c/a\u003e which\nfunctions to \u0026ldquo;accelerate the growth of the ethical, cruelty-free,\nsustainable economy (this means animal-free products and services that\nspan across the globe)\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"other-activities\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOther activities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#other-activities\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClaire has an extensive background in finance and investing having\nworked with various investment companies, hedge funds, derivatives and\ncredit analysis. Not only that, her Master\u0026rsquo;s degree is in Chemical\nEngineering and Management!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe has organized fund-raising galas and events for charities and\nfounded the \u003ca href=\"https://100women.org\"\u003e100 Women in Finance\u003c/a\u003e an organization\ndedicated to\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;ā€¦ building a more diverse and gender equitable finance industry by\npromoting diversity of thought, raising visibility, and empowering\nwomen to find their personal path to success.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.avvec.ch/en\"\u003eAVVEC\u003c/a\u003e, she also works to\nprovide support for victims of domesting violence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt doesn\u0026rsquo;t end there! She is also a musician and has composed the\npoignant \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10216111066231547\u0026amp;set=a.10201113351618055\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;No One Should\nDie\u0026rdquo;\u003c/a\u003e\nwhich she also performs beautifully! (Click the \u0026ldquo;Watch on YouTube link\u0026rdquo;\nto view.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/uxDPeS-RDdM?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe song started \u003ca href=\"https://beyondcruelty.org/global-vegan-charity-record/\"\u003eA Global Vegan Charity\nRecord\u003c/a\u003e project\nwhich aims to\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;ā€¦ create a global song for animals, recorded by famous global artists\nwho are vegan, to have it published, played and performed widely and\nto create a video to accompany the song, that can also be shared\nonline, to promote the cause of animals and save them from cruelty and\nharm.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEven more! Claire has won many awards the most recent being \u003ca href=\"https://www.environmental-finance.com/content/awards/sustainable-investment-awards-2022/winners/investment-leader-of-the-year-claire-smith.html\"\u003eInvestment\nleader of the\nyear\u003c/a\u003e\nfor 2022.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe think she is Clairely inspirational!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Honey Sheperd", "date_published": "2022-11-17T23:19:52-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-11-17T23:19:52-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/honey-sheperd/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/honey-sheperd/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHoney Sheperd (1957-2006) was an actress who starred in the movies Club\nLife and It Came from Hollywood.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe has a page on\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.ancientfaces.com/person/honey-sheperd-birth-1957-death-2006/83577801\"\u003eAncientFaces\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA talented songwriter and singer, her work still helps those who \u0026ldquo;suffer\nunseen\u0026rdquo; in many ways.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe were fortunate to be able to create a website for her intense words\nand strong music that cover a wide range of topics and events. Her work\nis poignant yet inspiring.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efor all God\u0026rsquo;s creatures\u003cbr\u003e\nwho die alone\u003cbr\u003e\nwho suffer unseen\u003cbr\u003e\nand far from home\u003cbr\u003e\nthe Angels still wait\u003cbr\u003e\nat Heaven\u0026rsquo;s gate\u003cbr\u003e\nwhere all wounded souls\u003cbr\u003e\nfind a better fateā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can find her poems and songs at \u003ca href=\"http://www.towardsfreedom.com/wdh/thrubambiseyes/\"\u003eThru Bambis\nEyes\u003c/a\u003e\nwhich was dedicated to her rescued dog Bambi.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Archlinux Forum", "date_published": "2022-11-03T14:23:32-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-11-03T14:23:32-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/discourse/archlinux-forum/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/discourse/archlinux-forum/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is the archlinux forum where you will find really helpful people\nwho can pretty well solve any issue you may have with the operating\nsystem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is a comprehensive forum with many sections such as:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNewbie Corner\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstallation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKernel \u0026amp; Hardware\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApplications \u0026amp; Desktop Environments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNetworking, Server, and Protection\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMultimedia and Games\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGo to the \u003ca href=\"https://bbs.archlinux.org\"\u003eforum\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Imagemagick", "date_published": "2022-06-21T20:07:52-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-06-21T20:07:52-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/imagemagick/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/imagemagick/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eSince we are going text/prg based for most things, we may consider\nimagemagick as a fairly regular replacement for gimp. This effort will\nalso lead to understanding graphic software terminology.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://imagemagick.org\"\u003eImagemagick website\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://imagemagick.org/Usage/\"\u003eExamples of\nImageMagick Usage\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWaiting items below will be elaborated on and some eliminated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"quick-fixes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eQuick Fixes \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#quick-fixes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"stitching-gifs-together\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003estitching gifs together \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#stitching-gifs-together\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas explained\n\u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30927367/imagemagick-making-2-gifs-into-side-by-side-gifs-using-im-convert\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e,\nthe idea is to separate frames, join them, put it all back together:\nconvert 1.gif -coalesce a-%04d.gif convert 2.gif -coalesce b-%04d.gif\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efor f in a-*.gif; do convert $f ${f/a/b} +append $f; done # append\nframes\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003econvert -loop 0 -delay 20 a-*.gif result.gif # rejoin frames\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"montage\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003emontage \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#montage\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ein a dir with jpg,png this is the sort of thing that can be done: magick\nmontage -geometry 99x55\u0026gt;+2+2 -tile 4x1 *.{jpg,png} 00.jpg\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"crop\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecrop \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#crop\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emagick amazon-homepage.png -crop 2560x1440+1920+0 tmp.png\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecan use magick display to determine parameters though it is a bit\nawkward\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"make-png-transparent\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003emake png transparent \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#make-png-transparent\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003econvert test.png -transparent white trans.png\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"features-and-capabilities\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFeatures and Capabilities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#features-and-capabilities\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"command-line-processing-utilize-imagemagick-from-the-command-line\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCommand-line processing: utilize ImageMagick from the command-line. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#command-line-processing-utilize-imagemagick-from-the-command-line\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImageMagick command-line consists of\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eone or more required input filenames:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efilename globbing magick *.jpg images.gif\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eexplicit image format magick -size 640x480 -depth 8 rgb:image\nimage.png\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eusing built-in images and patterns magick -size 640x480\npattern:checkerboard checkerboard.png\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSTDIN, STDOUT, and file descriptors not sure what is going on??\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eselecting certain frames from an image magick \u0026lsquo;images.gif[0]\u0026rsquo;\nimage.png magick \u0026lsquo;images.gif[0-3]\u0026rsquo; images.mng\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eselecting a region of an image magick -size 6000x4000 -depth 8\n\u0026lsquo;rgb:image[600x400+1900+2900]\u0026rsquo; image.jpg\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eforcing an inline image resize magick \u0026lsquo;*.jpg\u0026rsquo; -resize 120x120\nthumbnail%03d.png but better magick \u0026lsquo;*.jpg[120x120]\u0026rsquo;\nthumbnail%03d.png\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eforcing an inline image crop magick \u0026lsquo;*.jpg\u0026rsquo; -crop 120x120+10+5\nthumbnail%03d.png\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efilename references magick @myimages.txt mymovie.gif magick\nimage-%d.jpg[1-5]\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ezero, one, or more image settings.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ezero, one, or more image operators.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ezero, one, or more image sequence operators.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ezero, one, or more image stacks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ezero or one output image filenames\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"resizing-an-image\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eResizing an image \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#resizing-an-image\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emagick tmp.jpg -resample 10% -sharpen 0x2 -background none -flatten\n00.jpg\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWithout the last 3 parameters the corners came out black instead of\ntransparent.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"change-black---white\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eChange black \u0026lt;-\u0026gt; white \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#change-black---white\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emagick input.png -channel RGB -negate output.png complements every\ncolor.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo just to the blacks and whites PP says use:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003emagick input.png \\\n \\( -clone 0 -colorspace HSL -channel Lightness -separate +channel -negate \\) \\\n \\( -clone 0 -fill white -colorize 100 \\) \\\n -compose Luminize -composite \\\n output.png\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis command does the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreates a copy of the input image and extracts its lightness channel.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNegates the lightness channel, which inverts black and white.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreates another copy of the input image and turns it completely white.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCombines the negated lightness with the white image using the Luminize\ncomposition method.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis approach will invert black and white while preserving other\ncolors14. It works by manipulating the lightness channel in the HSL\ncolorspace, which affects only the brightness of the pixels without\nchanging their hue or saturation6.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor even more control:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003emagick input.png \\\n \\( -clone 0 -colorspace HSL -channel Lightness -separate +channel -threshold 5%,95% -negate \\) \\\n \\( -clone 0 -fill white -colorize 100 \\) \\\n -compose Luminize -composite \\\n output.png\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"waiting\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWaiting \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#waiting\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"animation-create-a-gif-animation-sequence-from-a-group-of-images\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnimation: create a GIF animation sequence from a group of images. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#animation-create-a-gif-animation-sequence-from-a-group-of-images\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"bilateral-blur-non-linear-edge-preserving-and-noise-reducing-smoothing-filter\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBilateral blur: non-linear, edge-preserving, and noise-reducing smoothing filter. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#bilateral-blur-non-linear-edge-preserving-and-noise-reducing-smoothing-filter\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"color-management-accurate-color-management-with-color-profiles-or-in-lieu-of-built-in-gamma-compression-or-expansion-as-demanded-by-the-colorspace\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eColor management: accurate color management with color profiles or in lieu ofā€“ built-in gamma compression or expansion as demanded by the colorspace. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#color-management-accurate-color-management-with-color-profiles-or-in-lieu-of-built-in-gamma-compression-or-expansion-as-demanded-by-the-colorspace\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"color-thresholding-force-all-pixels-in-the-color-range-to-white-otherwise-black\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eColor thresholding: force all pixels in the color range to white otherwise black. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#color-thresholding-force-all-pixels-in-the-color-range-to-white-otherwise-black\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"complex-text-layout-bidirectional-text-support-and-shaping\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eComplex text layout: bidirectional text support and shaping. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#complex-text-layout-bidirectional-text-support-and-shaping\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"composite-overlap-one-image-over-another\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eComposite: overlap one image over another. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#composite-overlap-one-image-over-another\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"connected-component-labeling-uniquely-label-connected-regions-in-an-image\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConnected component labeling: uniquely label connected regions in an image. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#connected-component-labeling-uniquely-label-connected-regions-in-an-image\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"convex-hull-smallest-area-convex-polygon-containing-the-image-foreground-objects-in-addition-the-minimum-bounding-box-and-unrotate-angle-are-also-generated\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConvex hull: smallest area convex polygon containing the image foreground objects. In addition, the minimum bounding box and unrotate angle are also generated. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#convex-hull-smallest-area-convex-polygon-containing-the-image-foreground-objects-in-addition-the-minimum-bounding-box-and-unrotate-angle-are-also-generated\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"decorate-add-a-border-or-frame-to-an-image\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDecorate: add a border or frame to an image. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#decorate-add-a-border-or-frame-to-an-image\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"delineate-image-features-canny-edge-detection-hough-lines\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDelineate image features: Canny edge detection, Hough lines. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#delineate-image-features-canny-edge-detection-hough-lines\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"discrete-fourier-transform-implements-the-forward-and-inverse-dft\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDiscrete Fourier transform: implements the forward and inverse DFT. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#discrete-fourier-transform-implements-the-forward-and-inverse-dft\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"distributed-pixel-cache-offload-intermediate-pixel-storage-to-one-or-more-remote-servers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDistributed pixel cache: offload intermediate pixel storage to one or more remote servers. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#distributed-pixel-cache-offload-intermediate-pixel-storage-to-one-or-more-remote-servers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"draw-add-shapes-or-text-to-an-image\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDraw: add shapes or text to an image. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#draw-add-shapes-or-text-to-an-image\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"encipher-or-decipher-an-image-convert-ordinary-images-into-unintelligible-gibberish-and-back-again\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEncipher or decipher an image: convert ordinary images into unintelligible gibberish and back again. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#encipher-or-decipher-an-image-convert-ordinary-images-into-unintelligible-gibberish-and-back-again\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"format-conversion-convert-an-image-from-one-format-to-another-eg-png-to-jpeg\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFormat conversion: convert an image from one format to another (e.g. PNG to JPEG). \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#format-conversion-convert-an-image-from-one-format-to-another-eg-png-to-jpeg\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"generalized-pixel-distortion-correct-for-or-induce-image-distortions-including-perspective\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGeneralized pixel distortion: correct for, or induce image distortions including perspective. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#generalized-pixel-distortion-correct-for-or-induce-image-distortions-including-perspective\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"heterogeneous-distributed-processing-certain-algorithms-are-opencl-enabled-to-take-advantage-of-speed-ups-offered-by-executing-in-concert-across-heterogeneous-platforms-consisting-of-cpus-gpus-and-other-processors\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHeterogeneous distributed processing: certain algorithms are OpenCL-enabled to take advantage of speed-ups offered by executing in concert across heterogeneous platforms consisting of CPUs, GPUs, and other processors. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#heterogeneous-distributed-processing-certain-algorithms-are-opencl-enabled-to-take-advantage-of-speed-ups-offered-by-executing-in-concert-across-heterogeneous-platforms-consisting-of-cpus-gpus-and-other-processors\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"high-dynamic-range-images-accurately-represent-the-wide-range-of-intensity-levels-found-in-real-scenes-ranging-from-the-brightest-direct-sunlight-to-the-deepest-darkest-shadows\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHigh dynamic-range images: accurately represent the wide range of intensity levels found in real scenes ranging from the brightest direct sunlight to the deepest darkest shadows. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#high-dynamic-range-images-accurately-represent-the-wide-range-of-intensity-levels-found-in-real-scenes-ranging-from-the-brightest-direct-sunlight-to-the-deepest-darkest-shadows\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"histogram-equalization-use-adaptive-histogram-equalization-to-improve-contrast-in-images\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHistogram equalization: use adaptive histogram equalization to improve contrast in images. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#histogram-equalization-use-adaptive-histogram-equalization-to-improve-contrast-in-images\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"image-cache-secure-methods-and-tools-to-cache-images-image-sequences-video-audio-or-metadata-in-a-local-folder\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eImage cache: secure methods and tools to cache images, image sequences, video, audio or metadata in a local folder.. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#image-cache-secure-methods-and-tools-to-cache-images-image-sequences-video-audio-or-metadata-in-a-local-folder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"image-calculator-apply-a-mathematical-expression-to-an-image-image-sequence-or-image-channels\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eImage calculator: apply a mathematical expression to an image, image sequence, or image channels. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#image-calculator-apply-a-mathematical-expression-to-an-image-image-sequence-or-image-channels\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"image-gradients-create-a-gradual-blend-of-two-colors-whose-shape-is-horizontal-vertical-circular-or-elliptical\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eImage gradients: create a gradual blend of two colors whose shape is horizontal, vertical, circular, or elliptical. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#image-gradients-create-a-gradual-blend-of-two-colors-whose-shape-is-horizontal-vertical-circular-or-elliptical\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"image-identification-describe-the-format-and-attributes-of-an-image\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eImage identification: describe the format and attributes of an image. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#image-identification-describe-the-format-and-attributes-of-an-image\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"imagemagick-on-the-iphone-convert-edit-or-compose-images-on-your-ios-device-such-as-the-iphone-or-ipad\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eImageMagick on the iPhone: convert, edit, or compose images on your iOS device such as the iPhone or iPad. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#imagemagick-on-the-iphone-convert-edit-or-compose-images-on-your-ios-device-such-as-the-iphone-or-ipad\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"large-image-support-read-process-or-write-mega--giga--or-tera-pixel-image-sizes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLarge image support: read, process, or write mega-, giga-, or tera-pixel image sizes. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#large-image-support-read-process-or-write-mega--giga--or-tera-pixel-image-sizes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"montage-juxtapose-image-thumbnails-on-an-image-canvas\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMontage: juxtapose image thumbnails on an image canvas. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#montage-juxtapose-image-thumbnails-on-an-image-canvas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"morphology-of-shapes-extract-features-describe-shapes-and-recognize-patterns-in-images\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMorphology of shapes: extract features, describe shapes, and recognize patterns in images. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#morphology-of-shapes-extract-features-describe-shapes-and-recognize-patterns-in-images\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"motion-picture-support-read-and-write-the-common-image-formats-used-in-digital-film-work\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMotion picture support: read and write the common image formats used in digital film work. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#motion-picture-support-read-and-write-the-common-image-formats-used-in-digital-film-work\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"multispectral-imagery-support-multispectral-imagery-up-to-64-bands\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMultispectral imagery: support multispectral imagery up to 64 bands. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#multispectral-imagery-support-multispectral-imagery-up-to-64-bands\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"noise-and-color-reduction-kuwahara-filter-mean-shift\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNoise and color reduction: Kuwahara Filter, mean-shift. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#noise-and-color-reduction-kuwahara-filter-mean-shift\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"perceptual-hash-map-visually-identical-images-to-the-same-or-similar-hash-useful-in-image-retrieval-authentication-indexing-or-copy-detection-as-well-as-digital-watermarking\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePerceptual hash: map visually identical images to the same or similar hashā€“ useful in image retrieval, authentication, indexing, or copy detection as well as digital watermarking. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#perceptual-hash-map-visually-identical-images-to-the-same-or-similar-hash-useful-in-image-retrieval-authentication-indexing-or-copy-detection-as-well-as-digital-watermarking\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"special-effects-blur-sharpen-threshold-or-tint-an-image\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSpecial effects: blur, sharpen, threshold, or tint an image. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#special-effects-blur-sharpen-threshold-or-tint-an-image\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"text--comments-insert-descriptive-or-artistic-text-in-an-image\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eText \u0026amp; comments: insert descriptive or artistic text in an image. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#text--comments-insert-descriptive-or-artistic-text-in-an-image\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"threads-of-execution-support-imagemagick-is-thread-safe-and-most-internal-algorithms-execute-in-parallel-to-take-advantage-of-speed-ups-offered-by-multicore-processor-chips\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThreads of execution support: ImageMagick is thread safe and most internal algorithms execute in parallel to take advantage of speed-ups offered by multicore processor chips. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#threads-of-execution-support-imagemagick-is-thread-safe-and-most-internal-algorithms-execute-in-parallel-to-take-advantage-of-speed-ups-offered-by-multicore-processor-chips\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"transform-resize-rotate-deskew-crop-flip-or-trim-an-image\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTransform: resize, rotate, deskew, crop, flip or trim an image. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#transform-resize-rotate-deskew-crop-flip-or-trim-an-image\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"transparency-render-portions-of-an-image-invisible\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTransparency: render portions of an image invisible. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#transparency-render-portions-of-an-image-invisible\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"virtual-pixel-support-convenient-access-to-pixels-outside-the-image-boundaries\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eVirtual pixel support: convenient access to pixels outside the image boundaries. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#virtual-pixel-support-convenient-access-to-pixels-outside-the-image-boundaries\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e" }, { "title": "Clojure", "date_published": "2022-06-16T12:54:45-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-06-16T12:54:45-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/clojure/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/clojure/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eClojure is a dynamic, general-purpose programming language, combining\nthe approachability and interactive development of a scripting language\nwith an efficient and robust infrastructure for multithreaded\nprogramming.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"keybindings\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ekeybindings \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#keybindings\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost are found in \u003ca href=\"https://docs.cider.mx/cider/usage/cider_mode.html#key-reference\"\u003ecider key\nref\u003c/a\u003e\nand should be figured out gradually.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003e;; docs\nC-h . Gives from lsp in eldoc buffer with examples (auto)\n(C-u) C-c C-d C-d|w At point (prompt) docs local|web\nC-c C-d C-a Apropos for function/var\nC-c C-d C-f Apropos for text in documentation\nC-c C-d C-e Apropos for text and select !!!\nM-. Gives actual code\n\n;; evaluate\nC-c C-b Exit evaluation if stuck\nC-c C-c Entire current form\nC-c C-v C-l Immediate form\nC-c|x C-e Previous form\nC-c C-k Buffer\nC-c M-; Output as comment\nC-c M-e Output to REPL\n(C-u) C-c C-(M-)l File(s)\nC-c C-v (C-)l List\nC-c C-v r Region\nC-c C-v n The ns form\nC-c C-v w Replace form with evaluation\nC-c C-v z Preceding top form up to point !!!\n\n;; help\nC-h f cider-mode RET\n\n;; launch\nC-c M-j Do cider-jack-in-clj\nC-c C-x C-x Prompt for choice of REPL\n\n;; macros !!!\nC-c C-m Macroexpand !!!\n\n;; move\nM-, Return to pre-jump location\nC-M-d Down into list\nC-M-u Up out of list\nC-M-n Forward to next list\nC-M-p Backward to prev list\nC-M-h Next defun\nC-M-@ Next sexp\nC-M-f Forward by sexp\nC-M-b Backward by sexp\nC-M-a Descend into sexp\n\n;; pprint\nC-c C-v C-f e|d Pretty print last|current form to popup buffer\n\n;; search\nC-c C-d (C-)a Apropos var\nC-c C-d (C-)f Apropos doc\n\n;; switch\nC-c C-z To relevant REPL\nC-c M-z To relevant REPL after eval current buffer\nC-c M-n M-n REPL ns to ns of current buffer\n\n;; zzmisc\nM-TAB Complete symbol at point\nC-c M-d Display REPL connection info\nC-c C-o Clear REPL output\nC-c M-i Inspect and act on expression\n(C-u) C-c C-z REPL jump\nC-c M-p Insert form into REPL\nC-c C-q Quit the REPL\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"cider-manual\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://docs.cider.mx/cider/index.html\"\u003ecider manual\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cider-manual\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"home\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHome \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#home\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"overview\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOverview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#overview\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProgrammers are expected to program in a very dynamic and incremental\nmanner, constantly re-evaluating existing Clojure definitions and adding\nnew ones to their running applications.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"features\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFeatures \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#features\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe need to understand these better to make full use of CIDER.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInteractive code evaluation can do this right in the code with C-c M-;\noften more useful than repl\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePowerful REPL\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCode completion\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCode reloading\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDefinition \u0026amp; documentation lookup particularly excellent with C-c d d\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced syntax highlighting and indentation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced error reporting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eclojure.test integration\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eclojure.spec integration\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInteractive debugger\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData Inspector\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with Java logging frameworks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProfiling \u0026amp; tracing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClojureScript support\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"cider-in-action\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCIDER in Action \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cider-in-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVideos are good for learning CIDER.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"whats-next\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhatā€™s Next? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#whats-next\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGet familiar with interactive programming and cider-mode\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"getting-started\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGetting started \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#getting-started\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"installation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInstallation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#installation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlready done.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"up-and-running\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUp and Running \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#up-and-running\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost of this is already setup, but we should look at:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJacking-in without a Project just clj to get the repl or can also use\nin a dir M-x cider-jack-in-universal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConnect to a Running nREPL Server after getting a repl running M-x\ncider-connect for a port\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"nrepl-middleware-setup\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003enREPL Middleware Setup \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#nrepl-middleware-setup\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can skip this section if you donā€™t plan to use cider-connect or\ndonā€™t care about the advanced functionality that requires cider-nrepl.\nHowever, with tools.deps we can add to ~/.clojure/deps.edn\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:cider-clj\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:extra-deps\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecider/cider-nrepl\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:mvn/version\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;0.49.0\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e}}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:main-opts\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;-m\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;nrepl.cmdline\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;--middleware\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;[cider.nrepl/cider-middleware]\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:cider-cljs\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:extra-deps\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eorg.clojure/clojurescript\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:mvn/version\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;1.10.339\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecider/cider-nrepl\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:mvn/version\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;0.49.0\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecider/piggieback\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:mvn/version\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;0.5.3\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e}}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:main-opts\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;-m\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;nrepl.cmdline\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;--middleware\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;[cider.nrepl/cider-middleware,cider.piggieback/wrap-cljs-repl]\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eAnd can then run M-x cider-connect to the repl.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"clojurescript-setup\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eClojureScript Setup \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#clojurescript-setup\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverview\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUp and Running\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConfiguration\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsing Figwheel\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsing shadow-cljs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing Other REPLs\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"alternative-platforms\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAlternative Platforms \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#alternative-platforms\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverview\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBabashka\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNbb\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOther Platforms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"using-cider\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUsing CIDER \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#using-cider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"interactive-programming\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInteractive Programming \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#interactive-programming\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOverview Instead of repeatedly editing, compiling, and restarting an\napplication, the programmer starts the application once and then adds\nand updates individual Clojure definitions as the program continues to\nrun ā€¦ some Clojure programmers have been known to keep a CIDER session\nrunning for weeks or even months!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImplementation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemos\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDeep Dive into CIDER\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/aYA4AAjLfT0?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEmacs \u0026amp; Clojure, A Lispy Love Affair\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/O6g5C4jUCUc?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"using-cider-mode\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUsing cider-mode \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#using-cider-mode\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC-h f cider-mode is useful, but even better is using which-key-mode to\nsee all key possibilities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"code-evaluation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCode Evaluation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#code-evaluation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBasic: buffer (do first)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExotic: should be accessed via CIDERā€™s evaluation commands keymap,\nprefix C-c C-v\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMinibuffer: cider-read-and-eval C-c M-:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEvaluation hooks: ??\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSynchronous vs Asynchronous: nrn\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConfiguration: nrn\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKeybindings: C-M-x, C-c C-c, C-c C-v [C-]d\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"code-completion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCode Completion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#code-completion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStandard: TAB or M-TAB (setq tab-always-indent \u0026lsquo;complete)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompletion styles: user may want to use a different completion style\njust for the CIDER complete eg (add-to-list\n\u0026lsquo;completion-category-overrides \u0026lsquo;(cider (styles basic)))\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAuto-completion: with company or corfu (latter already setup via\ncodeium) - not sure if codeium conflicts with corfu or cider when\ndoing its suggestions or incorporates those completions into the\nsuggestions, but it is really not too important.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"code-reloading\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCode Reloading \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#code-reloading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClean everything up and reload one or more namespaces cider-ns-refresh,\ncider-ns-reload or cider-ns-reload-all\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"pretty-printing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePretty Printing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pretty-printing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProbably NA.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"dealing-with-errors\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDealing with Errors \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dealing-with-errors\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost of the time CIDER will display the errors in a dedicated buffer ā€¦\nAt times, the error being displayed will originate from a bug in CIDER\nitself. Error displays can be configured.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCIDER presents stack traces in a special major mode,\ncider-stacktrace-mode. There is a lot that can be done here, so it is\nworth knowing how to use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"working-with-documentation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWorking with Documentation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#working-with-documentation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC-h . should be initial ref which provides the clojuredocs examples.\nHowever, C-c C-d C-d|w can also be useful because the window is easy to\nclose and the latter goes right to clojuredocs. If you want the javadoc\nuse C-c C-d C-j to see it in browser.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSearch in docstrings of all loaded variables with C-c C-d C-e|f which\ncan be quite useful if you know only some words in a doc, but don\u0026rsquo;t\nreally know what the item is.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCross referencing other documentation can be done inside `` or\n[[]] in same namespace or outside (fqdn required). Useful if youā€™d\nlike to be able to point other programmers at different definitions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"managing-connections\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eManaging Connections \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#managing-connections\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"misc-features\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMisc Features \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#misc-features\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"using-the-repl\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUsing the REPL \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#using-the-repl\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"basic-usage\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBasic Usage \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#basic-usage\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"keybindings-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eKeybindings \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#keybindings-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"configuration\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConfiguration \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#configuration\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"repl-history\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eREPL History \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#repl-history\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"testing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTesting \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#testing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"running-tests\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRunning Tests \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#running-tests\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"test-reports\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTest Reports \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#test-reports\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"supported-libraries\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSupported Libraries \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#supported-libraries\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"debugging\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDebugging \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#debugging\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"debugger\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDebugger \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#debugger\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"enlighten\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEnlighten \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#enlighten\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"inspector\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInspector \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#inspector\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"logging\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLogging \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#logging\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"macroexpansion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMacroexpansion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#macroexpansion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"profiling\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eProfiling \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#profiling\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"tracing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTracing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tracing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"configuration-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConfiguration \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#configuration-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"indentation-specification\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIndentation Specification \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#indentation-specification\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"caveats\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCaveats \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#caveats\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"troubleshooting\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTroubleshooting \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#troubleshooting\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"faq\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFAQ \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#faq\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"additional-packages\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAdditional Packages \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#additional-packages\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"additional-resources\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAdditional Resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#additional-resources\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"basics\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ebasics \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#basics\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einstall: M-x package-install \u0026lt;RET\u0026gt; cider \u0026lt;RET\u0026gt;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003erun: \u003cstrong\u003elaunch\u003c/strong\u003e an nREPL or \u003cstrong\u003econnect\u003c/strong\u003e to an existing one\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eC-c C-x C-x gives menu of REPL choices (view in messsage buffer)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eC-c M-j cider-jack-in-clj (can run a repl without a project)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esupported build tools: clojure-cli, leiningen, babashka, nbb\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ejack-in behavior can be customized or over-ridden\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eremote and socket connections are possible too\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethere are many advanced features possible with additional nREPL\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003equit: C-c C-q kills REPL\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"using\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eusing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#using\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eactivate: with (add-hook \u0026lsquo;clojure-mode-hook #\u0026lsquo;cider-mode) or M-x\ncider-mode (toggle)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eevaluate: C-c C-k (buffer), C-c C-e (previous form), C-c C-c (current\nform)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einterrupt: C-c C-b (stuck)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ejump to/from: C-c C-z (repl), C-u C-c C-z (match namespace)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eref: C-c C-d C-d|w (docs), M-. (def, but lsp auto-shows)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esearch: C-c C-d (C-)a (var), C-c C-d (C-)f (apropos doc)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"enlive\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/cgrand/enlive\"\u003eenlive\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#enlive\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA selector-based (Ć  la CSS) templating library for Clojure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"group-by-problem\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003egroup-by problem \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#group-by-problem\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003estackoverflow tests interesting item to look at \u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35127822/clojure-group-by-too-slow-13-million-lines-file\"\u003eGroup-by too slow (13\nmillion-lines\nfile)\u003c/a\u003e\nthe solution is very instructive and covers generating a test file as\nwell as timing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"hiccup\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/weavejester/hiccup\"\u003ehiccup\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#hiccup\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"io\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIO \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#io\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"csv-read\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecsv read \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#csv-read\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"kd\"\u003edefn \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecsv-read\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;reads a csv file given filename\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efilename\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003es/trim\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003efirst \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ewith-open\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ein-file\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eclojure.java.io/reader\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efilename\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003edoall\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eclojure.data.csv/read-csv\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eclojure.java.io/reader\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ein-file\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))))))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"loop-recur\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eloop-recur \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#loop-recur\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"from-nuen-200708\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efrom nuen 200708 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#from-nuen-200708\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efn \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ers\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu-seq\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003eloop \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu-seq\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ebrs\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e0\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eprs\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e0\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e0\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003eif \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eor \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e\u0026gt; \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e- \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003edohlc-size\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epart-size\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eempty?\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ebrs\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eprs\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003elet \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu0\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003efirst \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu-seq\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ehi\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e$\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:h\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003edohlc\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003elo\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e$\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:l\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003edohlc\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecl\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e$\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:c\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003edohlc\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eis-brs\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eis-prs\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003eif \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e= \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ers\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;r\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ebrs?\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu0\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ehi\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecl\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e\u0026lt; \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eprs?\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu0\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ehi\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecl\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e\u0026gt; \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ebrs?\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu0\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003elo\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecl\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e\u0026gt; \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eprs?\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu0\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003elo\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecl\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e\u0026lt; \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)])\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003econd\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eis-brs\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003erecur\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003einc \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ebrs\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eprs\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003einc \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eis-prs\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003erecur\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003edrop \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ebrs\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003einc \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eprs\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003einc \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:else\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003erecur\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ebrs\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eprs\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003einc \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))))))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"project-start\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eproject start \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#project-start\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSimplest way to start project using cornfeld\u0026rsquo;s clj-new.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eclj\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e-X\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:new-app\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:name\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epradesigner/myapp\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eclj\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e-X\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:new-lib\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:name\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epradesigner/mylib\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eafter adding to ~/.clojure/deps.edn: ;; add these into your :aliases\nmap:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:new-app\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:extra-deps\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecom.github.seancorfield/clj-new\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:mvn/version\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;1.1.309\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e}}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:exec-fn\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eclj-new/create\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:exec-args\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:template\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;app\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e}}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:new-lib\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:extra-deps\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecom.github.seancorfield/clj-new\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:mvn/version\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;1.1.309\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e}}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:exec-fn\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eclj-new/create\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:exec-args\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:template\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;lib\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e}}}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003edeps.edn can help you figure out how to do things because of aliases\n:run-x :uberjar etc contains howto instructions! clj -X:run-x clj\n-X:uberjar\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"regex\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eregex \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#regex\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ericnormand.me/mini-guide/clojure-regex\"\u003eClojure Regex Tutorial by Eric\nNormand\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConstruct using a literal syntax: #\u0026ldquo;regex\u0026rdquo;. Don\u0026rsquo;t need to double escape\n#\u0026ldquo;\u0026ldquo;Ģ£ (match one digit).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"matching-a-regex-to-a-string-with-groups\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMatching a regex to a string with groups \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#matching-a-regex-to-a-string-with-groups\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMatch an entire string with \u003cstrong\u003ere-matches\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-matches \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eregex\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003estring\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; result\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; No match returns nil\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-matches \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;abc\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;xyz\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; nil\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-matches \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;abc\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;zzzabcxxx\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; nil\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Matching with no groups returns the matched string (truthy)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-matches \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;abc\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;abc\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; \u0026#34;abc\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-matches \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;\\d+\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;3324\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; \u0026#34;3324\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Matching with groups returns a vector\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-matches \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;abc(.*)\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;abcxyz\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; [\u0026#34;abcxyz\u0026#34; \u0026#34;xyz\u0026#34;]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-matches \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;(a+)(b+)(\\d+)\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;abb234\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; [\u0026#34;abb234\u0026#34; \u0026#34;a\u0026#34; \u0026#34;bb\u0026#34; \u0026#34;234\u0026#34;]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"finding-a-regex-substring-within-a-string-with-groups\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinding a regex substring within a string with groups \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#finding-a-regex-substring-within-a-string-with-groups\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing \u003cstrong\u003ere-find\u003c/strong\u003e returns the first match within the string. It can also\nbe used to see if one string contains another though\nclojure.string/includes? is likely a better choice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-find \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eregex\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003estring\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; No match returns nil\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-find \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;sss\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;Loch Ness\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; nil\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Match without groups returns the matched string\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-find \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;s+\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;mississipi\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; \u0026#34;ss\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Match with groups returns a vector\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-find \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;s+(.*)(s+)\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;success\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; [\u0026#34;success\u0026#34; \u0026#34;ucces\u0026#34; \u0026#34;s\u0026#34;]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"finding-all-substrings-that-match-within-a-string\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinding all substrings that match within a string \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#finding-all-substrings-that-match-within-a-string\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReturn a lazy seq of all of the matches with \u003cstrong\u003ere-seq\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-seq \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eregex\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003estring\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-seq \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;s+\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;mississippi\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; (\u0026#34;ss\u0026#34; \u0026#34;ss\u0026#34;)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-seq \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;[a-zA-Z](\\d+)\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;abc x123 b44 234\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; ([\u0026#34;x123\u0026#34; \u0026#34;123\u0026#34;] [\u0026#34;b44\u0026#34; \u0026#34;44\u0026#34;])\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"replacing-regex-matches-within-a-string\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eReplacing regex matches within a string \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#replacing-regex-matches-within-a-string\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReplace all or first substring that matches with some other string with\na string or a calculated function using \u003cstrong\u003eclojure.string/replace\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eclojure.string/replace\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003estring\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eregex\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ereplacement\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estr/replace\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;mississippi\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;i..\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;obb\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; \u0026#34;mobbobbobbi\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estr/replace\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;mississippi\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;(i)\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;$1$1\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; \u0026#34;miissiissiippii\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estr/replace\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;mississippi\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;(.)i(.)\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efn \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e_\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eb\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003estr \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estr/upper-case\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eb\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;ā€”\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estr/upper-case\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))))\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; \u0026#34;Mā€”SSā€”SSā€”Ppi\u0026#34; !!!\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"splitting-a-string-by-a-regex\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSplitting a string by a regex \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#splitting-a-string-by-a-regex\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo split a string on some character pattern, like one or more whitespace\nuse \u003cstrong\u003eclojure.string/split\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eclojure.string/split\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003estring\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eregex\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estr/split\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;This is a string that I am splitting.\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;\\s+\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; [\u0026#34;This\u0026#34; \u0026#34;is\u0026#34; \u0026#34;a\u0026#34; \u0026#34;string\u0026#34; \u0026#34;that\u0026#34; \u0026#34;I\u0026#34; \u0026#34;am\u0026#34; \u0026#34;splitting.\u0026#34;]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"string-contains-a-substring\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eString contains a substring \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#string-contains-a-substring\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVarious ways to determine if there is a substring in a string.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-find \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;needle\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;Find a needle in a haystack.\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; \u0026#34;needle\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-find \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;needle\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;Empty haystack.\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; nil\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estr/includes?\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;Find a needle in a haystack.\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;needle\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; true\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estr/includes?\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;Empty haystack.\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;needle\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; false\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-find \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;^This string\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;This string starts with ...\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; \u0026#34;This string\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-find \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;end$\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;Find a string at the end\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; \u0026#34;end\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estr/starts-with?\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;This string starts with ...\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;This string\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; true\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estr/ends-with?\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;Find a string at the end\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;end\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; true\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"escaping-regex\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEscaping regex \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#escaping-regex\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrying to match a regex symbol containing string can be done with\n\u003cstrong\u003ejava.util.regex.Pattern\u003c/strong\u003e and is much preferable to trying to escape\nescapes (which can\u0026rsquo;t be done anyway).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;(??^$]\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; A string I want to match literally\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;\\(\\?\\?\\^\\$\\]\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; you can\u0026#39;t escape the escapes!\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ePattern/quote\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;(??^$]\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; \u0026#34;\\\\Q(??^$]\\\\E\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e-\u0026gt; \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;(??^$]\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ePattern/quote\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ePattern/compile\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;;=\u0026gt; #\u0026#34;\\Q(??^$]\\E\u0026#34; !!!\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"joining-regex\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eJoining regex \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#joining-regex\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehowto combine strings and regex\n\u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21416917/multiple-regular-expressions-in-clojure\"\u003ehttps://stackoverflow.com/questions/21416917/multiple-regular-expressions-in-clojure\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"kd\"\u003edefn \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eunion-regex\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026amp;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epatterns\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"sc\"\u003e\\\\\\\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ejoins\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eregex\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003etogether\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"sc\"\u003e\\\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ewith\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"err\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"sc\"\u003e\\\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ere-pattern\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eapply \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003estr\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003einterpose\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"sc\"\u003e\\\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;|\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003estr \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;(\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;)\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epatterns\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eunion-regex\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;\\w+ \u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-pattern \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ew\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34; \u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;\\w+\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; w set to \u0026#34;how\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e=\u0026gt; #\u0026rdquo;(+ )|(how)|( )|(+)\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor this solution from webscraper project\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"kd\"\u003edefn \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ejoin-regex\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026amp;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epatterns\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;joins regex together\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ere-pattern\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eapply \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003estr\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003estr \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epatterns\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ejoin-regex\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;\\w+ \u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-pattern \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ew\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34; \u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;\\w+\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; w set to \u0026#34;how\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e=\u0026gt; #\u0026quot;+ how +\u0026quot;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"extract-whole-sentences-with-matching-word\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExtract whole sentences with matching word \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#extract-whole-sentences-with-matching-word\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26081820/regular-expression-to-extract-whole-sentences-with-matching-word\"\u003ehttps://stackoverflow.com/questions/26081820/regular-expression-to-extract-whole-sentences-with-matching-word\u003c/a\u003e\n[^.]* flung [^.]*\\\n[^.?!]*(?\u0026lt;=[.?!])flung(?=[.?!])[^.?!]*[.?!]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"scrapers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003escrapers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#scrapers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/shriphani/pegasus\"\u003epegasus\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/mischov/reaver\"\u003ereaver\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/nathell/skyscraper\"\u003eskyscraper\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"string\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003estring \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#string\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eclojure.string functions\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eblank?\ncapitalize\nends-with?\nescape\nincludes?\nindex-of\njoin\nlast-index-of\nlower-case\nre-quote-replacement\nreplace\nreplace-first\nreverse\nsplit\nsplit-lines\nstarts-with?\ntrim\ntrim-newline\ntriml\ntrimr\nupper-case\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"official-clojure-site\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eofficial clojure site \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#official-clojure-site\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUse \u003ca href=\"https://clojure.org/\"\u003eclojure.org\u003c/a\u003e as a reference for working with\nClojure, but also put in specifics about own setup and tools.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"overview-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOverview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#overview-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhy Clojure?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLisp is a good thing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFunctional programming is a good thing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLanguages and Platforms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eObject Orientation is overrated\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolymorphism is a good thing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConcurrency and the multi-core future\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"guides\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGuides \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#guides\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLEARNING\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGetting Started\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eemacs editor\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/joaotavora/eglot\"\u003eeglot\u003c/a\u003e Eglot is the Emacs\nclient for the Language Server Protocol (LSP), which provides\nadvanced programming language support and features for code\nediting in Emacs. It can do Language Server Integration,\nAuto-Completion, Go to Definition (M-.), Find References (M-?),\nError Highlighting and Code Diagnostics (with flymake), Signature\nHelp, Refactoring Support.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eclojure-lsp don\u0026rsquo;t need to use it directly as a mode because eglot\nlooks after that, but it does need to be installed. For instance,\nFind references didn\u0026rsquo;t work when it was not installed. Perplexity\ngot this wrong.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecider see details in cider section and look in the\n\u003ca href=\"https://docs.cider.mx/cider/index.html\"\u003emanual\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstall Clojure\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEditors\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStructural Editing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eREPL Programming\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntroduction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaunching a basic REPL\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBasic Usage\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData Visualization at the REPL\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNavigating namespaces\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhancing your REPL workflow\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGuidelines for REPL-Aided Development\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommunity resources\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTroubleshooting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLearn Clojure\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntroduction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSyntax\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFunctions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSequential Collections\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHashed Collections\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFlow Control\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNamespaces\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFAQ\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLANGUAGE\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003espec\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReading Clojure Characters\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDestructuring\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThreading Macros\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEquality\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComparators\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReader Conditionals\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigher Order Functions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUSAGE\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDev Startup Time\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTOOLS\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDeps and CLI\n~/.clojure/deps.edn (global deps.edn no :deps)\u003cbr\u003e\nclj -X:deps find-versions :lib clojure.java-time/clojure.java-time\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003etools.build\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLIBRARIES\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecore.async Walkthrough\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGo Block Best Practices\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etest.check\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"reference\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eReference \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#reference\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReader forms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMacro characters\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTagged Literals\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReader Conditionals\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"community\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCommunity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#community\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSuccess Stories\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommunity Stories\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompanies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTools\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLibraries\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContributing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommunity Resources\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eForum\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEvents\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTraining\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEtiquette\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHELP\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBooks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUser Groups\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStarting a User Group\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSITE UPDATES\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSite Contributions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEditing tips\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLicense\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrivacy Policy\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eETC\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSwag\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"api\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAPI \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#api\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClojure API\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClojureScript API\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClojure Contrib Libraries\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOther resources: \u003ca href=\"https://clojuredocs.org/\"\u003eClojureDocs\u003c/a\u003e and\n\u003ca href=\"https://cljdoc.org/\"\u003ecljdoc\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"dev\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDEV \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dev\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLANGUAGE DEV\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDevelopment\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContributor Agreement\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorkflow\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreating Tickets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeveloping Patches\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScreening Tickets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContributors\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCONTRIB LIBS\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContrib libs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContrib lib history\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRESOURCES\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSource\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupport Portal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIssue Tracker\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDownloads\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAPI Docs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLicense\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"releases\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eReleases \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#releases\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCLOJURE\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCurrent Release\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOlder Releases\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDev Changelog\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDownload key\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCLOJURE TOOLS\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://clojure.org/releases/tools\"\u003eTools Releases\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"news\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNews \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#news\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOngoing and updated regularly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://clojure.org\"\u003eClojure website\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"http://clojure-doc.org/articles/tutorials/introduction.html\"\u003eClojure\nDocumentation\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://clojure.org/api/cheatsheet\"\u003eclojure cheatsheet\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://docs.cider.mx/cider/\"\u003eCIDER\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://clojuredocs.org/\"\u003eClojureDocs\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://ask.clojure.org/\"\u003eask.clojure\nforum\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"http://pedestal.io/\"\u003ePedestal\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://cljdoc.org/d/kixi/stats/0.5.0/doc/readme\"\u003ekixi\nstats\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"websites\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ewebsites \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#websites\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://docs.cider.mx/cider/\"\u003eCIDER\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nClojure(Script) Interactive Development Environment that Rocks\nextends Emacs with support for interactive programming in Clojure.\nThe features are centered around cider-mode, an Emacs minor-mode\nthat complements clojure-mode and clojure-ts-mode. While\nclojure-mode supports editing Clojure source files, cider-mode adds\nsupport for interacting with a running Clojure process for\ncompilation, debugging, definition and documentation lookup, running\ntests and so on.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://clojuredocs.org/\"\u003eClojureDocs\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nClojureDocs is a community-powered documentation and examples\nrepository for the Clojure programming language.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ask.clojure.org/\"\u003eClojure Q \u0026amp; A\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAt Clojure Q\u0026amp;A, you can ask questions and receive answers from\nmembers of the Clojure community.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://pedestal.io/\"\u003ePedestal\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA set of libraries that to build web services and applications. It\nruns in the back-end and can handle anything from tiny static web\nsites, to traditional page oriented applications, to dynamic single\npage applications utilizing server-sent events and WebSockets.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://cljdoc.org/d/kixi/stats/0.5.0/doc/readme\"\u003ekixi.stats\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA Clojure/ClojureScript library of statistical sampling and\ntransducing functions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.clojure-toolbox.com/\"\u003eClojure Toolbox\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA categorised directory of libraries and tools for Clojure.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://clojars.org/\"\u003eClojars\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is an easy to use community\nrepository for open source Clojure libraries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"videos\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003evideos \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#videos\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PoajCqNKpg\u0026amp;list=WL\u0026amp;index=65\u0026amp;t=26s\"\u003ePhysics in Clojure - Colin\nSmith\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6g5C4jUCUc\u0026amp;list=WL\u0026amp;index=64\u0026amp;t=1047s\"\u003eEmacs and Clojure, a Lispy Love\nAffair\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vK1DazRK_a0\u0026amp;list=WL\u0026amp;index=63\u0026amp;t=370s\"\u003eSolving Problems the Clojure Way - Rafal\nDittwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0m6wz2vClQI\"\u003eBuilding Machine Learning Models with Clojure and Cortex - Joyce\nXu\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLRSOyR47Ro\u0026amp;t=1186s\"\u003eWhy Clojure? by Vijay\nKiran\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLl6_k_fZn4\"\u003eDeep Learning Needs Clojure - Carin\nMeier\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"zz\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ezz \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#zz\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"ideas\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eideas \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ideas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003edo programming with awareness of each function\u0026rsquo;s io\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"snippets\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esnippets \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#snippets\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"alternate-possibilities-with-or\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ealternate possibilities with or \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#alternate-possibilities-with-or\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"kd\"\u003edefn \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emk-tohlc\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;creates the dataset with date, open, high, low, close from filename\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efpath\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003elet \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003etime \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eor \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;t\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;column-0\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eopen\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eor \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;o\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;column-1\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ehigh\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eor \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;h\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;column-2\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003elow\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eor \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;l\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;column-3\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eclose\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eor \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;c\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;column-4\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003erename-columns\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e-\u0026gt;dataset\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efpath\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:header-row?\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efalse\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:parser-fn\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003etime \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:string\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eopen\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:float32\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ehigh\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:float32\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003elow\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:float32\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eclose\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:float32\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e}})\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003etime \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:time\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eopen\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:open\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ehigh\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:high\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003elow\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:low\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eclose\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:close\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e})))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"files\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efiles \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#files\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8566531/listing-files-in-a-directory-in-clojure\"\u003eListing files in a directory in Clojure\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eseq \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e.list\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eclojure.java.io/file\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;.\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e.getPath\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003efile-seq \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eclojure.java.io/file\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;.\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://clojuredocs.org/clojure.java.io/file\"\u003efile\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efs - File system utilities for clojure \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/Raynes/fs\"\u003ehttps://github.com/Raynes/fs\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e;using regex\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edef \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efiles\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003efilter \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ere-find \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;1D|4H\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e.getPath\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003efile-seq \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eclojure.java.io/file\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;/zata/truefx\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e;using string\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edef \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efiles\u003c/span\u003e \n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003efilter \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eclojure.string/includes?\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;1D\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e.getPath\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003efile-seq \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eclojure.java.io/file\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;/zata/truefx\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e;going through a vector\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edef \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efiles\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efn \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003efilter \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eclojure.string/includes?\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e.getPath\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003efile-seq \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eclojure.java.io/file\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;/zata/truefx\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;1D\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;4H\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;1D\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch3 id=\"files-from-filepaths\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efiles from filepaths \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#files-from-filepaths\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edef \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efilepaths\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;produces a list of truefx path strings\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eflatten\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efn \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003esort \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003efilter \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estr/includes?\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e.getPath\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003efile-seq \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eclojure.java.io/file\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;/zata/truefx\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))))))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;1D\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;4H\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;1H\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e])))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edef \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efilenames\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;extracts file names from file paths\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003elast \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estr/split\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;/\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efilepaths\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"partitions-and-maxmin\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003epartitions and maxmin \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#partitions-and-maxmin\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esince partition gives list, we need to apply max to each list we map the\napply max over the partitions\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eapply max \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003epartition\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003er\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"removing-nil\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eremoving nil \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#removing-nil\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003efilter \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003enot\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003enil? \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enil\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enil\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e])\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eremove nil? \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enil\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enil\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e])\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"finding-nu\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efinding nu \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#finding-nu\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"kd\"\u003edefn \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enusr\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;identifies sr-levels for instrument using nu\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efp\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003elet \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eo\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eh\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003el\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ec\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efn \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epf\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003einst-info\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efp\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epart-size\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003estep-size\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emidpt\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003equot \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epart-size\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ehi\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003epartition\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epart-size\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003estep-size\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eh\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003elo\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003epartition\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epart-size\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003estep-size\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003el\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003en\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eremove nil? \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003enu\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emax \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emidpt\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ehi\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eu\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eremove nil? \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003enu\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emin \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emidpt\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003elo\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:ns\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003en\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:us\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eu\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"kd\"\u003edefn \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enu\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;finds a nu given seq, maxmin, midpt of seq\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003esq\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emaxmin\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emidpt\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003elet \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emidval\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003enth \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003esq\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emidpt\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ewhen \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e= \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eapply \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emaxmin\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003esq\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emidval\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emidval\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003enusr\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003efirst \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003etruefx-filepaths\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"combining-vectors\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecombining vectors \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#combining-vectors\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eproblem came up trying to work with bounsr and penesr where we needed to\ntake 2 vectors and generate a vector of vectors matching items in\nsequence:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[4 4 6] [7 8 9] =\u0026gt; [[4 7] [4 8] [6 9]]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(zipmap [4 4 6] [7 8 9]) =\u0026gt; {4 8, 6 9} due to repetition of the 4\nbecause it is a map\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethis thread \u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2588227/is-there-an-equivalent-for-the-zip-function-in-clojure-core-or-contrib\"\u003eIs there an equivalent for the Zip function in\nClojure\u003c/a\u003e\nhad 2 solutions:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(map vector [4 4 6] [7 8 9]) =\u0026gt; ([4 7] [4 8] [6 9])\n(partition 2 (interleave [1 2 3] [4 5 6])) =\u0026gt; ((1 4) (2 5) (3 6))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(interleave [1 2 3] [4 5 6] [7 8 9]) (apply interleave [[1 2 3]\n[4 5 6] [7 8 9]])\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor as a function\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(defn zip [\u0026amp; colls] (partition (count colls) (apply interleave\ncolls)))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"diff-btn-map-and-apply\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ediff btn map and apply \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#diff-btn-map-and-apply\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(apply F [1 2 3 4 5]) =\u0026gt; (F 1 2 3 4 5) (map F [1 2 3 4 5]) =\u0026gt;\n[(F 1) (F 2) (F 3) (F 4) (F 5)]\n\u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2311528/clojure-apply-vs-map\"\u003ehttps://stackoverflow.com/questions/2311528/clojure-apply-vs-map\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"use-a-vector-as-a-lifo-stack-to-check-for-balanced-brackets\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUse a vector as a LIFO stack to check for balanced brackets \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#use-a-vector-as-a-lifo-stack-to-check-for-balanced-brackets\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-clojure\" data-lang=\"clojure\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003erequire\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eclojure.set\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:refer\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emap-invert\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]])\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"kd\"\u003edefn \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ebalance\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eform\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003elet \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ebrackets\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"sc\"\u003e\\[\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"sc\"\u003e\\]\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"sc\"\u003e\\(\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"sc\"\u003e\\)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"sc\"\u003e\\{\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"sc\"\u003e\\}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003escan\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efn \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eq\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003econd\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ebrackets\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003econj \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eq\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e((\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003emap-invert \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ebrackets\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003eif \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e= \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ebrackets\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003epeek \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eq\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003epop \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eq\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ethrow\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eex-info\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003estr \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;Unmatched delimiter \u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ex\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e{})))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e:else\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eq\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ereduce \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003escan\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[]\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eform\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ebalance\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;(let [a (inc 1]) (+ a 2))\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eExceptionInfo\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eUnmatched\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003edelimiter\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ebalance\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;(let [a (inc 1)] (+ a 2))\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"dataset-vs-matrix\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003edataset vs matrix \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dataset-vs-matrix\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(type (incanter/to-matrix ds)) mikera.arrayz.impl.JoinedArray or\nvectorz/matrix (type (m/array ds)) clojure.lang.PersistentVector\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ecmd\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003edataset\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ematrix\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003earray\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003elazyseq\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ehead,tail\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ey\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ey\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ey\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003en\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003etake,drop\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ey\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ey\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ey\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ey\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"getting-stuff-out-of-incanter-dataset-dohlc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003egetting stuff out of incanter dataset dohlc \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#getting-stuff-out-of-incanter-dataset-dohlc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eclojure.core.matrix.impl.dataset.DataSet\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eusing $ producing lazyseq\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehis ($ :h dohlc) clojure.lang.LazySeq or (sel dohlc :cols :h) los ($\n:l dohlc) clojure.lang.LazySeq or (sel dohlc :cols :l)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eusing to-map producing persistent vectors\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eds (d/to-map dohlc) clojure.lang.PersistentArrayMap his (:h ds)\nclojure.lang.PersistentVector los (:l ds) clojure.lang.PersistentVector\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eusing m/array producing vectorz\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eds (d/to-map dohlc) clojure.lang.PersistentArrayMap his (m/array (:h\nds)) mikera.vectorz.Vector los (m/array (:l ds)) mikera.vectorz.Vector\ncan\u0026rsquo;t (m/array ds) because clojure.lang.PersistentArrayMap cannot be\ncast to java.lang.Number though (type (m/array d))\nclojure.lang.PersistentVector\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sel-vs-\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esel vs $ \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sel-vs-\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eit seems as though we can use $ for pretty well everything we use sel\nfor (sel d :cols :h) \u0026lt;=\u0026gt; ($ :h d) (sel d :rows (range 2 11) :cols :d)\n\u0026lt;=\u0026gt; ($ (range 1 11) :d d) (sel d :rows 1 :cols :h) \u0026lt;=\u0026gt; (sel d :rows\n1 :cols 2) \u0026lt;=\u0026gt; (sel d 1 2) \u0026lt;=\u0026gt; ($ 1 2 d) \u0026lt;=\u0026gt; ($ 1 :h d)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"codeold\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecodeOLD \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#codeold\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe ratios function doesn\u0026rsquo;t produce same results as the individual\ncodings we haven\u0026rsquo;t figured out why or which is really correct (defn\nanulysisV2 \u0026quot; analyzes brs and prs price action on nu\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003edohlc dataset columns :d date :o open :h high :l low :c close identify\nnu using partition map bsr? psr? to hilo and determine how many of each\n\u0026quot; [filepath] (let [[dohlc filename pipfactor] (instrument-dohlc\nfilepath) dohlc (d/select-rows dohlc (range 33)) dohlc-size (nrow dohlc)\n;size of dataset less 2 because of header buffer (/ 12.0 pipfactor)\n;buffer line calculation in pips for pair part-size 7 ;size of partition\nchosen [nseq useq] (nu-finder dohlc)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e+brs? (fn [nu hilo cl \u0026gt;\u0026lt; -+] \u0026ldquo;n: (brs? n hi cl \u0026lt; -) u: (bsr? u lo\ncl \u0026gt; \u003cdel\u003e)\u0026rdquo; (and (btn? hilo (- nu buffer) (\u003c/del\u003e nu buffer)) (\u0026gt;\u0026lt; cl (-+ nu\nbuffer)))) prs? (fn [nu cl hilo \u0026gt;\u0026lt; -+] \u0026ldquo;n: (prs? n hi cl \u0026gt; \u003cdel\u003e) u:\n(prs? u lo cl \u0026lt; -\u0026rdquo; (and (\u0026gt;\u0026lt; hilo (-\u003c/del\u003e nu buffer)) (\u0026gt;\u0026lt; cl nu)))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eratios (fn [rs nu-seq] (loop [nu nu-seq brs 0 prs 0 i 0] (let [nu0\n(first nu-seq) hi ($ i :h dohlc) lo ($ i :l dohlc) cl ($ i :c dohlc)\n[is-brs is-prs] (if (= rs \u0026ldquo;r\u0026rdquo;) [(brs? nu0 hi cl \u0026lt; -) (prs? nu0 hi cl\n\u0026gt; +)] [(brs? nu0 lo cl \u0026gt; +) (prs? nu0 lo cl \u0026lt; -)]) ] (if (\u0026gt; i (-\ndohlc-size part-size)) [brs prs] (cond is-brs (recur nu (inc brs) prs\n(inc i)) is-prs (recur (drop 1 nu) brs (inc prs) (inc i)) :else (recur\nnu brs prs (inc i))) ))))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003en-ratio (loop [nn nseq brs 0 prs 0 i 0] (let [firstnn (first nn) hi\n($ i :h dohlc) cl ($ i :c dohlc)] (if (\u0026gt; i (- dohlc-size part-size))\n[brs prs] (cond (brs? firstnn hi cl \u0026lt; -) (recur nn (inc brs) prs (inc\ni)) (prs? firstnn hi cl \u0026gt; +) (recur (drop 1 nn) brs (inc prs) (inc i))\n:else (recur nn brs prs (inc i))) ))) u-ratio (loop [uu useq brs 0 prs\n0 i 0] (let [firstuu (first uu) lo ($ i :l dohlc) cl ($ i :c\ndohlc)] (if (\u0026gt; i (- dohlc-size part-size)) [brs prs] (cond (brs?\nfirstuu lo cl \u0026gt; +) (recur uu (inc brs) prs (inc i)) (prs? firstuu lo cl\n\u0026lt; -) (recur (drop 1 uu) brs (inc prs) (inc i)) :else (recur uu brs prs\n(inc i))) ))) n-ratio (ratios \u0026ldquo;r\u0026rdquo; nseq) u-ratio (ratios \u0026ldquo;s\u0026rdquo; useq) ]\n[n-ratio u-ratio] ))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhile the ideas here are ok we require 20s by not using partitions and\n25ms when we do!! however, we need a way to figure out the index\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(defn nu-finderV2 \u0026quot; finds nu give a dohlc dataset returns [[i nn] [i\nuu]] \u0026quot; [dohlc] (let [size (nrow dohlc) nu-breadth 7 ;nu width\nbuf-bars (quot nu-breadth 2) ;number of bars on either side of nu ibeg\nbuf-bars ;begining bar to look for nu iend (- (nrow dohlc) 1 buf-bars)\n;ending bar to look for nu nu? (fn [i hilo maxmin] (= ($ i hilo\ndohlc) (apply maxmin ($ (range (- i buf-bars) (+ i buf-bars 1)) hilo\ndohlc)))) nus (fn [hilo maxmin] (loop [i ibeg iv []] (if (\u0026gt;= i\niend) iv (if (nu? i hilo maxmin) (recur (+ i buf-bars 1) (conj iv [i\n($ i hilo dohlc)])) (recur (inc i) iv)))))] [(nus :h max) (nus :l\nmin)]))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(defn anulysisV1 \u0026quot; analyzes brs and prs price action on nu\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003edohlc dataset columns :d date :o open :h high :l low :c close identify\nnu using partition map bsr? psr? to hilo and determine how many of each\n\u0026quot; [filepath] (let [[dohlc filename pipfactor] (instrument-dohlc\nfilepath) dohlc-size (nrow dohlc) ;size of dataset less 2 because of\nheader buffer (/ 12.0 pipfactor) ;buffer line calculation in pips for\npair part-size 7 ;size of partition chosen nn (nu-finder ($ :h dohlc)\npart-size max) uu (nu-finder ($ :l dohlc) part-size min) in-zone? (fn\n[hilo nu] (btn? hilo (- nu buffer) (+ nu buffer)))] (loop [i 4 brs\n0] (if (\u0026gt; i (- dohlc-size 9)) brs (recur (inc i) (if (in-zone? ($ i\n:h dohlc) (first nn)) (inc brs) brs))) ) [(count nn) (count uu)]))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(defn mk-dohlc \u0026ldquo;creates the dataset with date, open, high, low, close\nfrom filename\u0026rdquo; [filename] (d/rename-columns (read-dataset filename)\n{:col0 :d :col1 :o :col2 :h :col3 :l :col4 :c}))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(defn nu-finderV1 \u0026quot; finds all nu in a sequence of hilo given a sequence,\nthe partition size, max|min operator for his|los TODO have option to\nremove invalid nu \u0026quot; [aseq part-size maxmin] (let [partitions\n(partition part-size 1 aseq) midpt (quot part-size 2) nu (for [p\npartitions :when (= (apply maxmin p) (nth p midpt))] (nth p midpt))]\nnu))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(def truefx-filepaths \u0026ldquo;produces a list of truefx path strings\u0026rdquo;\n(vectorize (flatten (map (fn [x] (sort (filter #(str/includes? % x)\n(map #(.getPath %) (file-seq (clojure.java.io/file \u0026ldquo;/zata/truefx\u0026rdquo;))))))\n[\u0026ldquo;1D\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;4H\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;1H\u0026rdquo;]))))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(defn adjacent-confluence \u0026ldquo;determines oc confluence behavior of adjacent\nbars\u0026rdquo; [fp] (let [dohlc (mk-dohlc fp) fn (filename-from-filepath fp)\npf (pip-factor fn) m (to-matrix (ds/remove-columns dohlc [:d])) o (sel\nm :cols 0) h (sel m :cols 1) l (sel m :cols 2) c (sel m :cols 3) co (map\npips c o (repeat pf)) pn (map #(pos? (* %1 %2)) co (drop 1 co)) p%\n(Math/round (/ (count (filter true? pn)) (float (count pn)) 0.01))]\n(printf \u0026ldquo;%s %d %n\u0026rdquo; fn p%) p%))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"to-solve\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eto-solve \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#to-solve\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"match-a-key-and-print-component-of-a-map\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ematch a key and print component of a map \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#match-a-key-and-print-component-of-a-map\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehere is a vector of maps (def asym-parts [{:name \u0026ldquo;head\u0026rdquo; :size 3} {:name\n\u0026ldquo;mouth\u0026rdquo; :size 1} {:name \u0026ldquo;nose\u0026rdquo; :size 1} {:name \u0026ldquo;neck\u0026rdquo; :size 2} {:name\n\u0026ldquo;left-eye\u0026rdquo; :size 1} {:name \u0026ldquo;left-ear\u0026rdquo; :size 1}to {:name \u0026ldquo;left-shoulder\u0026rdquo;\n:size 3}])\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ematch the :name to be \u0026ldquo;nose\u0026rdquo; and print that item TODO\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ean interesting solution to something similar\n\u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18176372/clojure-get-map-key-by-value\"\u003ehttps://stackoverflow.com/questions/18176372/clojure-get-map-key-by-value\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(-\u0026gt;\u0026gt; {:a \u0026ldquo;bar\u0026rdquo; :b \u0026ldquo;foo\u0026rdquo; :c \u0026ldquo;bar\u0026rdquo; :d \u0026ldquo;baz\u0026rdquo;} ; initial map (group-by\nval) ; sorted into a new map based on value of each key (#(get % \u0026ldquo;bar\u0026rdquo;))\n; extract the entries that had value \u0026ldquo;bar\u0026rdquo; (map key)) ; get the keys\nthat had value bar or (map key (#(get % \u0026ldquo;bar\u0026rdquo;) (group-by val {:a \u0026ldquo;bar\u0026rdquo;\n:b \u0026ldquo;foo\u0026rdquo; :c \u0026ldquo;bar\u0026rdquo; :d \u0026ldquo;baz\u0026rdquo;})))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"old-diary-items\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eold diary items \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#old-diary-items\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-24 Fri\u0026gt; figured out how to install own work to .m2 started\nrewrite of algolyze using these ideas \u0026lt;2020-07-23 Thu\u0026gt; went through\nclojure style guide got better understanding of ns installed and worked\nwith hylang - though we should check out cljpython too at some point\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ediscussion on tech.ml was very promising with both gigasquid and joinr\npraising it. so that\u0026rsquo;s what we\u0026rsquo;ll go with for now - convert existing\nitems to it and look for a visualization mechanism. \u0026lt;2020-07-22 Wed\u0026gt;\ngot nuen.clj v1 done and testing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-18 Sat\u0026gt; go thru clojure reader is unsafe post about times\npost about project mechanism\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-17 Fri\u0026gt; nuen mostly done thx to help on clojurians\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003etechml read into techml dataset a csv file nearly 3 million lines drop\none column form new column the result of subtracting one column from\nanother printout head of adjusted dataset\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003etimings: lein run 62.93s user 0.86s system 123% cpu 51.800 total emacs\nrepl \u0026ldquo;Elapsed time: 40112.441757 msecs\u0026rdquo; java -jar\ntarget/uberjar/techml-0.1.0-SNAPSHOT-standalone.jar 29.95s user 0.77s\nsystem 162% cpu 18.916 total\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-16 Thu\u0026gt; start nuen\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003erewrite anulysis for tech.ml rewrite anulysis for arrays\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-15 Wed\u0026gt; finish mikera and incanter build a matrix, dataset,\narray toolkit (mikera incanter and anything else) plan for clj\ncheatsheet explorations -\u0026gt; make own cheatsheet from it and others plan\nfor java function access\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewill conversion to separate arrays be more efficient for subsequent\nprocessing? using arrays instead of incanter datasets may be practical?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-14 Tue\u0026gt; finishing mikera and incanter we should go through\ncheatsheet items and understand how the main functions in the categories\nwork\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-13 Mon\u0026gt; last couple of days were spent with julia\nprogramming. though the docs are excellent, emacs doesn\u0026rsquo;t work too well\nwith it right now. emacs does work well with R. so may be ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eattempt to get python libraries on clojure using\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"libpython-clj\" alt=\"libpython-clj\"\u003e\n\n - but carin\u0026rsquo;s example\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t work completely. anyway, we don\u0026rsquo;t really need to do this now\nbecause what we were interested in seeing was how well anulysis worked\nand we can actually do this better in other ways - such as plotting hlc\ndots with buffers from nu\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003echecked out graalvm and that does look very interesting! again, we don\u0026rsquo;t\nneed it now, but it is definitely something to keep in mind for the\nfuture considering one demo showed 20 performance improvement. it may be\nuseful even without its polyglot capabilities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efor now, here\u0026rsquo;s what we focus on:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003elearn mikera and incanter\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003elearn what we can do with direct access to java\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eoptimize anulysis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eget nuen completed\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-10 Fri\u0026gt; got R and candlesticks working - it\u0026rsquo;s pretty good!\nmain difficulty was that manjaro doesn\u0026rsquo;t autoload make and gcc-fortran\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eplotly.clj doesn\u0026rsquo;t seem to have candlesticks plan is to go through\nincanter plotting and compare to plotly.clj plotting\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-09 Thu\u0026gt; anulysis finish hopefully\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eplan for manual trading\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eexamine situation around 12am\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eput in suitable entry limit or stop trades with sltp\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etry to exit trade around 12pm next day\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eclose orders and start at 1 again\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-08 Wed\u0026gt; \u003ca href=\"https://docs.cider.mx/cider/debugging/debugger.html\"\u003ecider site\ndebugging\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://endlessparentheses.com/cider-debug-a-visual-interactive-debugger-for-clojure.html\"\u003ecider\ndebugging\ntools\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2352020/debugging-in-clojure\"\u003edebugging in\nclojure\u003c/a\u003e\nseveral items not quite understood but we now have a useable debugging\nmechanism\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emore learnt about loop-recur in that the main if statement can have\nvarious forms (eg let) in true or false. this knowledge enabled the best\nversion to-date: (fn [rs nu-seq] (loop [nu nu-seq brs 0 prs 0 i 0]\n(if (or (\u0026gt; i (- dohlc-size part-size)) (empty? nu)) [brs prs] (let\n[nu0 (first nu-seq) hi ($ i :h dohlc) lo ($ i :l dohlc) cl ($ i :c\ndohlc) [is-brs is-prs] (if (= rs \u0026ldquo;r\u0026rdquo;) [(brs? nu0 hi cl \u0026lt; -) (prs?\nnu0 hi cl \u0026gt; +)] [(brs? nu0 lo cl \u0026gt; +) (prs? nu0 lo cl \u0026lt; -)]) ]\n(cond is-brs (recur nu (inc brs) prs (inc i)) is-prs (recur (drop 1 nu)\nbrs (inc prs) (inc i)) :else (recur nu brs prs (inc i)))))))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-07 Tue\u0026gt; getting nu the partition mechanism provides far\nfaster results than iterating over groups of 7 bars - even if you skip\nbars regularly because after a nu the latter three can never be a nu.\nhowever, the partitions don\u0026rsquo;t provide anyway of keeping track of the\nindex. a problem can develop in that as we go through nu we could be\ncounting brs even before the occurence of the nu!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eso here are 2 ideas: figure out the index of the nu through a loop-recur\nsetup. something like loop ds to find index conj\nindex+accumulatedindices to nu drop index+1 ds\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esimilar idea, but we don\u0026rsquo;t need to actually put the index anywhere. find\nindex of nu drop to index+1 start to check for brs once prs drop current\nnu do over again this way we only start checking for brs after we find\nwhere the nu is\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-06 Mon\u0026gt; figured out how to use loop-recur better - it is a\nlikeable combo and seems preferable to me than recursion now. got a good\nversion of nu-finder done which includes index amongst other things and\ncan be used outside anulysis. \u0026lt;2020-07-05 Sun\u0026gt; setup nu-orders.clj for\npopulating nu with orders \u0026lt;2020-07-04 Sat\u0026gt; finish anulysis\n\u0026lt;2020-07-03 Fri\u0026gt; go through google hits example\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-02 Thu\u0026gt; determine whether to use core.matrix or incanter for\nmost things incanter is being incorporated within core.matrix and it is\nnot really developed much. so we\u0026rsquo;ll make the switch and start looking at\nsome of the other data science libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ediscovered core.matrix creator mike anderson or mikera who has good\nyoutube videos on the topic\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eseems as though core.matrix (most operations) and incanter (rw graphics\netc) can work well together.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-07-01 Wed\u0026gt; issues with datasets and matrices using map and apply\nfigured out a lot about for loop \u0026lt;2020-06-30 Tue\u0026gt; dilemmas with\nfiguring out how to work hilo with nus \u0026lt;2020-06-29 Mon\u0026gt; figuring out a\nmore iterative anulysis \u0026lt;2020-06-28 Sun\u0026gt; work on sicp - understanding\ncond and if \u0026lt;2020-06-27 Sat\u0026gt; started sicp and\nINDUCTIVESYNTHESISOFFUNCTIONALPROGRAMS\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-26 Fri\u0026gt; figure out mechanism to compare hilo to stacked nu\nproblem is that i keep wanting to put things into boxes rather than\nthinking functionally.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-25 Thu\u0026gt; work on anulysis using stacks and proper influence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(def d (ds/select-rows ds (range 9))) (ds/add-column d :sums (mt/add\n(sel d :cols :o) (sel d :cols :h))) (ds/add-column d :sums (mt/gt (sel d\n:cols :c) 83)) (ds/add-column d :sums (mt/mul (sel d :cols :c) (mt/gt\n(sel d :cols :c) 83))) ;crude\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-24 Wed\u0026gt; creating bounsr and penesr functions within let got\ninvolved with creating pairs\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethough there are some nice ideas in V1 of anulysis the overall attempt\nto have nu checked over the entire matrix is meaningless and produced\nabsurdly high numbers - eg almost 8000 bounsr for nrow = 2248. so we\nneed to restrict the nu influence to forward items only and have them\nflip after first penesr and disappear after a second penesr.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(defn anulysisV1 \u0026ldquo;analyzes pa near nu\u0026rdquo; [fp] (let [[ops his los cls\nfnm pf] (instrument-info fp) buffer (/ 12 pf) bounsr? (fn [nus hilos\ncls \u0026gt;\u0026lt; -+] (count (remove nil? (for [nu nus [hilo cl] (zip hilos\ncls)] (let [nu-buffer (-+ nu buffer)] (if (and (btn? hilo [nu\nnu-buffer]) (\u0026gt;\u0026lt; nu-buffer cl)) true)))))) bpsr? (fn [nus hilos ops\ncls \u0026gt;\u0026lt; -+] (for [nu nus [hilo op cl] (zip hilos ops cls)] (let\n[b-buffer (-+ nu buffer) p-buffer (-+ nu (- buffer))] (cond (and (btn?\nhilo [nu b-buffer]) (\u0026gt;\u0026lt; b-buffer cl)) :bounsr (and (btn? nu [op\ncl]) ) :penesr)))) part-size 5 midpt (quot part-size 2) hi-partition\n(partition part-size 1 his) lo-partition (partition part-size 1 los) nn\n(remove nil? (map #(nu-finder % max midpt) hi-partition)) uu (remove\nnil? (map #(nu-finder % min midpt) lo-partition)) boun-s (bounsr? uu\nlos cls \u0026lt; +) boun-r (bounsr? nn his cls \u0026gt; -)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eisbounsr #(= :bounsr %) ispenesr #(= :penesr %) bpu (bpsr? uu los ops\ncls \u0026lt; +) bpn (bpsr? nn his ops cls \u0026gt; -) ] [fnm boun-s boun-r (count\n(filter isbounsr bpu)) (count (filter isbounsr bpn)) (count (filter\nispenesr bpu)) (count (filter ispenesr bpn))]))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(map anulysis (take 1 truefx-filepaths)) =\u0026gt; ([\u0026ldquo;audjpy1D.csv\u0026rdquo; 3829\n3607]) =\u0026gt; ([\u0026ldquo;audjpy1D.csv\u0026rdquo; 4167 4035])\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-23 Tue\u0026gt; coined term lalwal lose a little win a lot rewrote\noutliers in truefx files - all were with the lows. some involving CHF\nmay have been legitimate. anulysis almost done after figuring out that\n:while is not to be used with for - not sure what it is\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-22 Mon\u0026gt; started anulysis\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-21 Sun\u0026gt; get barchar working first idea of adjacent-confluence\nmay work in reverse for shorter tf\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003estarted snippets in this file\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emade neat ns discovry - whatever is in core.clj including def/defn\nbecomes available to every other file provided the namespace isn\u0026rsquo;t\nchanged! this really means that we can load up core.clj with whatever is\nrequired rather than import everything for every related program we\ncreate!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-20 Sat\u0026gt; working with dataset functions add-column,\nreorder-column, remove-column wrote sel-col function which is useful to\nwork with single column in dataset\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ediscovered that sel on a dataset is very slow compared to sel on a\nmatrix it seems to be far, far faster to convert a dataset to a matrix\nto do things and then convert it back if you want to utilize the variety\nof types a dataset offers. (see xpts in datmat.clj)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-19 Fri\u0026gt; investigating various things all week without entry\ninto diary many of clojure.core.matrix is replacing the incanter\nfunctions: see updates to incanter 2.0\n\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/incanter/incanter/wiki/Incanter-2.0-change-log\"\u003ehttps://github.com/incanter/incanter/wiki/Incanter-2.0-change-log\u003c/a\u003e so\nwe investigate these in datmat.clj\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-11 Thu\u0026gt; get-orders-for done rearrange the ztut which was\ngetting awkward as far as ns goes as well as other things. set it all up\non gitlab\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003echanging to ns works with C-c M-n after we C-c C-k the buffer. for some\nreason, (in-ns namespace) doesn\u0026rsquo;t always work. \u003ca href=\"http://jr0cket.co.uk/2015/01/getting-started-with-cider-repl-for-clojure-on-emacs-live.html\"\u003ethis\npage\u003c/a\u003e\nis useful as may be other things on that site.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-10 Wed\u0026gt; incanter things work nicely so far, but we need to\nbecome far more knowledgeable working with datasets, functions (what\nthey do) and plotting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ealso, the how i start thing is a bit confusing as carin jumps to things\nthat we\u0026rsquo;re not familiar with so we\u0026rsquo;ll get back to that later.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-09 Tue\u0026gt; incanter:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ework through \u003ca href=\"https://data-sorcery.org/contents/\"\u003edata sorcery\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003echeatsheet use regularly to recall syntax and concepts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emake use of api documentation throughout\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003enamespace switching solved: repl takes main ns, but can switch with\n(in-ns \u0026lsquo;whatever) so long as it is seen\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003estarted \u003ca href=\"https://howistart.org/posts/clojure/1/\"\u003eHow I Start\u003c/a\u003e which\nshould be useful for namespace understanding and testing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-08 Mon\u0026gt; incanter:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ework through \u003ca href=\"https://hub.packtpub.com/working-incanter-datasets/\"\u003ech6 Working with Incanter\nDatasets\u003c/a\u003e from\nClojure Data Analysis Cookbook which was helpful though the datasets\nused were huge and therefore difficult to examine in some situations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-07 Sun\u0026gt; installed\n\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/hyPiRion/inlein/releases/tag/0.2.0\"\u003einlein\u003c/a\u003e started\nthinking bayes\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-06 Sat\u0026gt; transferred from github to gitlab which seems to be\nsmoother and cleaner. cleaned up tutorials into ztut folder cleaned up\nclj bookmarks went through excellent birdseye view of clj \u003ca href=\"http://www.unexpected-vortices.com/clojure/brief-beginners-guide/toc.html\"\u003eA Brief\nBeginner\u0026rsquo;s Guide To\nClojure\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-05 Fri\u0026gt; more cider it seems that form order is important\nbecause loading the buffer when dependencies don\u0026rsquo;t come first makes eval\nimpossible. cider has a lot of functions, but we need to figure out\nwhich ones we\u0026rsquo;ll actually use successfully connected to an existing repl\nat localhost after getting port using: connection info C-c M-d\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eparedit:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eM-( M-\u0026quot;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eM-s M-?\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eC-right C-left\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eM-S M-J\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eC-M-f C-M-b\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecider:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eC-c C-z\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eC-c M-j\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eC-c C-c\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eC-c C-k\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eC-up C-down\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-04 Thu\u0026gt; got all of oanda ide to date as far as we had python\ngoing order fn greatly simplified - we never needed to use if-let\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003einvestigated cider further watched alchy bozbat\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-03 Wed\u0026gt; stuck on json not being parsed but that was because\nclojure follows the curl more closely using :body instead of :json\nwhereas python didn\u0026rsquo;t\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-02 Tue\u0026gt; get api functions and sring theory to where we were\nwith python all api done as far as python progress except for the json\nissue\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehobbit problem using reduce is neatest\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVmY2lQ4DHE\"\u003eexcellent video with edmund\njackson\u003c/a\u003e data science and\nclojure shows the landscape in 2012 and what options there were then\nprobably worth following up on this.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-06-01 Mon\u0026gt; understood the hobbit setup mostly in brave it is\nmessy using loop, but much messier other ways\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-05-31 Sun\u0026gt; set up tut structures in clojure directory set up\nproblems to solve file in to-solve.clj file\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://8thlight.com/blog/colin-jones/2010/12/05/clojure-libs-and-namespaces-require-use-import-and-ns.html\"\u003eClojure Libs and Namespaces: require, use, import and\nns\u003c/a\u003e\n(require \u0026lsquo;clojure.string \u0026lsquo;clojure.test) (require \u0026lsquo;[clojure.string :as\nstring]) to avoid (require [\u0026lsquo;clojure.string :as \u0026lsquo;string]) (require\n\u0026lsquo;clojure.string \u0026lsquo;[clojure.test :as test]) (require \u0026lsquo;(clojure string\ntest)) (require \u0026lsquo;(clojure [string :as string] test))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003econsider the incanter lib issue (use \u0026lsquo;(incanter core stats charts io))\nworks right away and we can call view, histogram etc (require \u0026lsquo;(incanter\ncore stats charts io)) doesn\u0026rsquo;t seem to work at all, but that\u0026rsquo;s due to ns\nissues: (incanter.core/view (incanter.charts/histogram\n(incanter.stats/sample-normal 1000))) is just fine\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ealso see \u003ca href=\"http://clojure-doc.org/articles/language/namespaces.html\"\u003eClojure Namespaces and\nVars\u003c/a\u003e for\nbetter ways as well as this\n\u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22599712/incanter-dependency/22600355#22600355\"\u003eanswer\u003c/a\u003e\nfrom stackoverflow. we can solve this with (ns tut-incanter.core\n(:require (incanter [core :refer :all] [stats :refer :all] [charts\n:refer :all]))) though (use \u0026lsquo;(incanter core stats charts)) seems much\nsimpler\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eboth api requests with clj-http and json readability accomplished next\nstep is to get functions to work\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-05-30 Sat\u0026gt; figuring out git mostly getting through brave ch3\nexcept last exercise\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-05-29 Fri\u0026gt; started clojure for brave updated several youtube\nresources\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-05-28 Thu\u0026gt; finished cds introduction\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-05-27 Wed\u0026gt; halfway through cds introduction why clojure video by\nvijay is useful\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-05-26 Tue\u0026gt; continued with cds set up resources and videos\nwatched russ olsen \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0if71HOyVjY\"\u003efunctional programming in 40\nmin\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2020-05-25 Mon\u0026gt; set up emacs for clojure watched rick hickey video on\ncreating it got cider and lein working started cds tutorial\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Emacs", "date_published": "2022-06-16T12:40:30-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-06-16T12:40:30-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/emacs/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/emacs/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWe belong to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/\"\u003echurch of emacs\u003c/a\u003e\nwhich we feel is the ultimate editor!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"keybindings\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ekeybindings \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#keybindings\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"assistance\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eassistance \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#assistance\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe emacs help\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Help.html\"\u003emanual\u003c/a\u003e\nand\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Help-Summary.html\"\u003ehelp summary\u003c/a\u003e\nTODO lots to check out here\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGateway to finding anything on emacs is C-h ?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegexps can be used as lists of words which are ANDed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome prefix followed by C-h give list of bindings for prefix.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- --\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003e;; quick help\nC-h C-q\n\n;; apropos\nM-x apropos Display all symbols matching a pattern\nM-X Display all commands possible for buffer\nC-h a Search only commands (apropos-command)\nC-h d Search docs (apropos-documentation)\nM-x apropos-library Useful for new mode or package\nM-x apropos-value Useful if you know value not variable\n\n;; describes\nC-h m Mode major/minor, keybindings (describe-mode)\nC-h x Commands (describe-command)\nC-h f Functions (describe-function)\nC-h v Variable (describe-variable)\nC-h k Key detail (describe-key)\nC-h c Key brief (describe-key-briefly)\n\nAll describe buffers have shortcut keys i (info), s (source), c (customize).\n\n;; info\nC-h i Open info manual\nC-h i d m \u0026lt;item\u0026gt; RET i \u0026lt;topic\u0026gt; RET Indices search\nC-h i d m \u0026lt;item\u0026gt; RET s \u0026lt;topic\u0026gt; RET Regexp search\nC-h r m \u0026lt;topic\u0026gt; Direct way to emacs info\nM-x info-apropos searches for item in all info\nM-x info-display-manual get manual by name (or tab for list)\nM-x info-finder uses list of keywords to find things\n\n;; various\nC-h p Packages list\nC-h e Messages buffer\nC-h o Symbol docs at point or type it\nC-h s Current syntax table !!!\n\nM-x manual-entry RET manpage Get a manpage\n\u0026lt;prefix\u0026gt; C-h all prefix possibilities\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"bookmarks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ebookmarks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#bookmarks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eC-x r m set bookmark\nC-x r b jump to bookmark\nC-x r l list bookmarks\nM-x bookmark-delete\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"buffers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ebuffers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#buffers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eC-x b helm-buffers\nC-x C-b helm-multi-files\nC-x M-b ibuffer\nC-x k kill buffer\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"case\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecase \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#case\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eM-c Word capitalize\nM-u Word ucase\nM-d Word dcase\nC-x C-u Region ucase\nC-x C-l Region lcase\nM-x upcase-initials-region Which is strange for most situations.\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"comment\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecomment \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#comment\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eM-; Comment single/double/region/uncomment\nC-x C-; Double comment (lisp)/uncomment\nM-x comment-box\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVarious variables can be customized as well to suit requirements.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"count\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecount \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#count\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eM-= Words (buffer or region)\nM-x count-lines-region\nM-x count-matches\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"dired\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003edired \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dired\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnly most useful bindings here. (See dired section for more)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003e;; commands on files\n! Any command on a file\n! cmd * \u0026gt; newfile will have output of cmd on * (cursor file)\n\n;; compare files\n= goto file, =, enter other file (figure out how diff works !!!)\n\n;; enter a dir\nC-x (4|5) d ~/ new window|frame\nC-x d ~/*|.*|D* all|hidden|starting with D files\n\n;; markings\nm mark\nd mark for deletion\nt toggle marks\nu,U unmark\nM-del unmark all\n%d regexp for deletion\n~|# bkp|auto-save for deletion\n%m regexp flag\n%g regexp contained in files\n*s|/|.|@ mark all|dirs|ext|sym\n\n;; move\nj move to file\n(M-)C-s (regexp)search\nM-{|} up|down to marked\n^ move to parent dir\n\u0026lt;|\u0026gt; move to prev|next dir\n\n;; specific commands on marked items\nC|D|P|R copy|delete|print|rename\nG|M|O dired-do-chgrp|chmod|chown\nA|Q regexp search|query replace\n!|\u0026amp; shell command on files sync|async\n%u|l upper|lower\nS|Y|H links sym|relsym|hard\n\n;; subdirs\ni insert subdir\nC-u k remove subdir\n$ fold subdir\nM-$ fold all dirs\nC-M p|n go to prev|next subdir\nC-M-d go to first child subdir\n\n\n;; view directory\nC-u s change ls flags\ni put cursor dirs into same buffer\n\n;; visit\ne|f same window find\no other window find (C-o don't move there)\nv read only\n^ parent dir\na descend discarding parent \nW guess default application\n\n;; zzmisc\nh help\n? prompt for choice delete,copy,find ...\nB|L byte-compile|load elisp files\n\nk dired-do-kill-lines don't delete !!!\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"greps\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003egreps \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#greps\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003e;; rg\nC-c s gives menu to do various greps\n\n;; helm ag\nM-g s helm-do-grep-ag (alt to C-s)\n\n;; grep\nM-x grep Prompts for item and files\nM-x grep-find Uses find and -exec grep\nM-x lgrep Prompt through each step\nM-x rgrep Recursive search\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"helm\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ehelm \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#helm\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC-x c (prefix) C-g (exit usually)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003e;; helmed key bindings\nM-x helm-M-x\nM-y helm-show-kill-ring\nM-s o helm-occur\nC-x C-f helm-find-files\nC-x C-b helm-multi-files (use to switch buffers)\nC-spc mark buffers\nM-D delete marked buffers\nC-c g helm-google-suggest\nM-g f helm-do-grep-ag (alt to C-s)\n\n;; helm prefixed\n/ helm-find files recursively from pwd\n@ helm-list-elisp-packages\nf helm-multi-files buffers,recent,bookmarks,pwd (C-x C-b)\nl helm-locate locate through helm\nr helm-regexp build regexp for find in file\n\n;; help indices\nh g helm-info-gnus\nh h helm-documentation\nh i helm-info-at-point\nh r helm-info-emacs\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"filling\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efilling \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#filling\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eM-p Fill paragraph\nC-u M-q Fill and justify\nC-x f Set fill width\nC-x . Set fill prefix (for each fill line)\nM-x auto-fill-mode (likely best for text production)\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"insert\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003einsert \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#insert\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eC-x i Insert file\nC-x x i Insert buffer (since all buffers aren't files)\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"kill\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ekill \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#kill\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eM-d Word forward from point\nC-\u0026lt;back\u0026gt; Word backward from point\nC-k To end of line\nC-S-k To beg of line\nM-k Rest of paragraph\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eM-y TAB will show kill ring in buffer for yank.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"macro\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003emacro \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#macro\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eF3 record beg\nC-u F3 record beg and append to last\nF4 record end | play last\nC-u F4 play 2nd\nM-\u0026lt;N\u0026gt; F4 play last N times\n\nC-x C-k n names last\nC-x C-k b binds last to key\nM-x insert-kbd-macro pastes into buffer\nC-x C-k e edits last\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"mark\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003emark \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#mark\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eM-@ Word (M-- backward)\nM-h Paragraph (M-- backward)\nC-x h Entire buffer\nC-x C-p Next page\n\nin ibuffer\n% n - Mark buffers by their name, using a regexp.\n% m - Mark buffers by their major mode, using a regexp.\n% f - Mark buffers by their filename, using a regexp.\n% g - Mark buffers by their content, using a regexp.\n% L - Mark all locked buffers.\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOften unnecessary, except copying region or kill/copy weird shaped\nregions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"move\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003emove \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#move\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003e;; smaller movements\nM-m Line beg (regardless of indent)\nC-a Line beg\nC-e Line end\nM-a Sentence beg\nM-e Sentence End\nM-down Pargraph next beg\nM-up Paragraph next end\n\n;; larger movements\nM-i Use imenu\nM-r Cycle position point bot-mid-top\nC-l Cycle center point to bot-mid-top\nM-g M-g go to line number\n\n;; sexp movements!!!\nC-M-d Down into list\nC-M-u Up out of list\nC-M-n Forward to next list\nC-M-p Backward to prev list\nC-M-h Next defun\nC-M-@ Next sexp\nC-M-f Forward by sexp\nC-M-b Backward by sexp\nC-M-a Descend into sexp\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"negate\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003enegate \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#negate\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eC--\nM--\nC-M-\n\nM-- M-d kills word before point\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"searchreplace\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esearch/replace \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#searchreplace\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eC-s|r Use isearch forward|reverse\nC-M-s|r Use isearch regexp\nM-% Query search options\nC-M-% Query regexp options\nM-s Replace string\nM-r Replace regexp\n!!! c|r|w|_|'|SPC Toggle various modes!!!\n!!! C-w Add word at point to search (??!!!)\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote case folding effect. Regexps are fine for simple search/replace,\nbut for heavy-duty stuff emacs/elisp is likely not the best option. So,\nwe should use perl or clojure from the outside.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"tab-bar-mode\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etab bar mode \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tab-bar-mode\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eC-x t 2 create a new tab\nC-x t 0 close current tab\nC-x t RET Select tab by name \nC-x t o Next Tab (C-\u0026lt;tab\u0026gt;)\nC-S-\u0026lt;tab\u0026gt; Previous Tab \nC-x t r Rename Tab \nC-x t m Move tab one position to right \nC-x t p ... Run project command in other tab \nC-x t t Execute command in other tab \nC-x t 1 Close all other tabs \nC-x t C-f Find file in other tab \nC-x t b Switch to buffer in other tab \nC-x t d Open Dired in other tab\nM-x tab-list Shows an interactive tab list \nM-x tab-undo Undoes a closed tab for each invocation \nM-x tab-recent Switch to the last visited tab\nM-x tab-bar-history-mode\nM-x global-tab-line-mode\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"text-manipulation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etext manipulation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#text-manipulation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003e;; duplicates in region\nM-x delete-duplicate-lines With 3 C-u options\n\n;; keep, flush, copy in region by regexp\nM-x flush-lines\nM-x keep-lines\nM-x copy-matching-lines\nM-x kill-matching-lines\n\n;; kill\nC-k kill to end of line\nC-; kill to beg of line\n\n;; occur\nM-x occur Choose e option to edit\n\n;; join and split lines\nC-o Inserts blank line after point with possible split\nC-M-o Splits line at point keeping indent\nC-x C-o Deletes all blank lines after point\nM-^ Joins with line above\n\n;; whitespace\nM-SPC Cycle spacing instead of just-one-space\nM-\\ Deletes whitespace around point\nM-x delete-trailing-whitespace\nM-x whitespace-report(-region)\nM-x whitespace-cleanup(-region)\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"transpose\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etranspose \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#transpose\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eC-t Characters\nM-t Words\nC-x C-t Lines\nC-M-t Sexps\nM-x transpose-paragraphs\nM-x transpose-sentences\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"undoredo\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eundo/redo \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#undoredo\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eC-/ Undo\nC-? Redo\nC-x u Undo-tree-mode if activated !!!\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"view-interfaces\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eview interfaces \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#view-interfaces\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003e;; buffer view\nC-x M-b View buffers (use ibuffer)\n\n;; other buffer use\nC-x 4 C-f Find file\nC-x 4 C-o Open other buffer\nC-x 4 d Dired\nC-x 4 b Choose and activate other buffer\nC-x 4 0 Kills buffer and window\nC-x 4 p Project command !!!\n\n;; window use\nC-x 0..3 Delete and split windows\nC-x o Switch active window (mapped to M-o)\nC-x left|right Cycles buffers\nC-c left|right Goes to other configurations with winner-mode\n\n;; other frame use !!!\nC-x 5 2 New frame\nC-x 5 0 Delete active frame\nC-x 5 1 Delete other frames\nC-x 5 C-f Find file\nC-x 5 d Dired\nC-x 5 o Buffer in other frame\nC-x 5 p Project in other frame\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"visit\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003evisit \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#visit\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eC-x C-f visit file\nC-x C-f C-f visit new buffer (no ido)\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"windows\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ewindows \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#windows\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eC-x 0 deletes active window\nC-x 1 deletes other windows (f12 and C-f12)\nC-x 2 split window below\nC-x 3 split window right\nC-x o switch to other window (M-o)\nM-x winner-mode remembers window settings\nC-x 4 \u0026lt;keys\u0026gt; does things in other window\nC-x 5 \u0026lt;keys\u0026gt; frame management\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"auto-capitalize-mode\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eauto-capitalize-mode \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#auto-capitalize-mode\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecl is deprecated, use cl-lib in the autocapitalize.el file\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"calc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecalc \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#calc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStart C-x * c; Quick C-x * q\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuit C-x * x | q\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGetting Started \u0026lsquo;h i\u0026rsquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTutorial \u0026lsquo;h t\u0026rsquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReference \u0026lsquo;h s\u0026rsquo;; C-x * s\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKey, Function, Variable ā€˜h kā€™, ā€˜h fā€™, ā€˜h vā€™\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemo Calc has something for everyone! Many of the functions are with\ncapital letters such as Q sqrt, I inverse, S sine. Keypad mode C-x *\nk brings up a pad that works with mouse. Grabber C-x * g|r into\nvector|matrix. Undo U. To transpose use v t, Convert units \u0026rsquo; 43 mi/hr\nwith u c new units. Date arithmetic t N, 7 +- Algebraic eqn (entered\nwith \u0026rsquo; [2x+5=11]) solving requires \u0026lsquo;a S\u0026rsquo; then variables to solve\nfor. Help with h k|f whatever and l to get back. To remove, press\n\u0026lt;DEL\u0026gt; and to exit q.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"codeium-crane\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecodeium crane \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#codeium-crane\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[This aibot just does not work well yet 250518. It is nice to some extent for working in emacs, but the website seems unable to produce correct code in some situations and has on occasion gone into a repeat loop. There seem to be some neat things coming up like Windsurf, but I\u0026rsquo;m not sure of what use that will be for emacs.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://codeium.com\"\u003eCodeium\u003c/a\u003e is a free AI software that offers\ndevelopers code completion, chat, and search capabilities in over 70\nlanguages across 40+ integrated IDEs. We set up\n\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/Exafunction/codeium.el\"\u003ecodeium.el\u003c/a\u003e for Emacs with\n\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/minad/corfu\"\u003ecorfu.el\u003c/a\u003e (a completer frontend),\n\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/minad/cape\"\u003ecape.el\u003c/a\u003e (which provides useful\nfunctions for completion), and\n\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/joaotavora/eglot\"\u003eeglot\u003c/a\u003e (the emacs client for\nlanguage server protocol). The code is modified from the very helpful\n\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/Exafunction/codeium.el/issues/82#issuecomment-1932467412\"\u003ejeff-phil\nsetup\u003c/a\u003e\nand much of the annotation is provided by \u003ca href=\"https://www.perplexity.ai\"\u003ePerplexity\nAI\u003c/a\u003e (though edited).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile there is considerable and grateful plagerization from various\nsources, some of the code has been re-written for my own purposes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe init-codeium.el page begins with the following requires, before\ngetting into the actual code:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elisp\" data-lang=\"elisp\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003erequire\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;codeium\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003erequire\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;corfu\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003erequire\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;cape\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003erequire\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;eglot\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"idealings-with-codeium\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIdealings with codeium \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#idealings-with-codeium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCode below sets up various configurations and functions for the Codeium\npackage in Emacs. It enables Codeium for code completion globally,\nconfigures the mode line display, sets up filters for API calls, and\ndefines functions to retrieve the document text and cursor offset for\nbetter performance. The annotations explain the purpose and\nfunctionality of each part of the code.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elisp\" data-lang=\"elisp\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; The code below sets up various configurations and functions for the\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Codeium package in Emacs. It enables Codeium for code completion\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; globally, configures the mode line display, sets up filters for API\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; calls, and defines functions to retrieve the document text and\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; cursor offset for better performance. The annotations explain the\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; purpose and functionality of each part of the code.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Add Codeium completion function to completion-at-point-functions\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eadd-to-list\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;completion-at-point-functions\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecodeium-completion-at-point\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Adds the Codeium completion function to the list of functions\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; called when trying to complete text at point, making Codeium\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; available for code completion globally.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Do not use popup boxes\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003esetq\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003euse-dialog-box\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"no\"\u003enil\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Disables the use of popup boxes, as Codeium likely uses other means\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; of displaying information.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Configure Codeium mode line\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003esetq\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecodeium-mode-line-enable\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003elambda\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eapi\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enot\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ememq\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eapi\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eCancelRequest\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eHeartbeat\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eAcceptCompletion\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eadd-to-list\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;mode-line-format\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e:eval\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ecar-safe\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecodeium-mode-line\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"no\"\u003et\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Configure Codeium to display its status in the mode line, filtering\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; out certain API calls (CancelRequest, Heartbeat, AcceptCompletion)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; from being displayed. Doing so can be useful for debugging or\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; monitoring purposes.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Filter for enabled Codeium API calls\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003esetq\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecodeium-api-enabled\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003elambda\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eapi\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ememq\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eapi\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eGetCompletions\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eHeartbeat\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eCancelRequest\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eGetAuthToken\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eRegisterUser\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eauth-redirect\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eAcceptCompletion\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Sets a lambda function to filter for enabled Codeium API calls,\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; allowing only certain API calls (GetCompletions, Heartbeat,\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; CancelRequest, GetAuthToken, RegisterUser, auth-redirect,\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; AcceptCompletion) to be processed.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Set document text for better performance\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003esetq\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecodeium/document/text\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003elambda\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e()\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ebuffer-substring-no-properties\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003emax\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003epoint\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e3000\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003epoint-min\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003emin\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003epoint\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e1000\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003epoint-max\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Sets a function to retrieve the document text for Codeium,\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; retrieving a portion of the buffer text around the current point\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (up to 3000 characters before and 1000 characters after) to improve\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; performance.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Set cursor offset for better performance\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003esetq\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecodeium/document/cursor_offset\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003elambda\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e()\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecodeium-utf8-byte-length\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003ebuffer-substring-no-properties\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003emax\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003epoint\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e3000\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003epoint-min\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003epoint\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Sets a function to calculate the cursor offset for Codeium,\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; calculating the byte length of the text from the start of the\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; document text up to the current point, likely used by Codeium to\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; determine the position of the cursor within the document text.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"landing-on-corfu\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLanding on corfu \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#landing-on-corfu\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe setup here is quite simple since we only enable auto-completion and\nprovide global availability for corfu.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elisp\" data-lang=\"elisp\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003esetq\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecorfu-auto\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"no\"\u003et\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;enable auto completion\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eglobal-corfu-mode\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;enable corfu-mode globally\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"weaving-the-capestry\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWeaving the capestry \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#weaving-the-capestry\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe cape package is a completion engine that provides numerous\ncompletion commands in various situations and each has its own\nkeybinding. Uncomment any of the items below to enable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[TODO: We don\u0026rsquo;t know what a lot of these items do since we adapted the\ncode from the \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/minad/cape\"\u003ecape.el page\u003c/a\u003e.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elisp\" data-lang=\"elisp\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Bind dedicated completion commands\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eglobal-set-key\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ekbd\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;C-c p p\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;completion-at-point\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; capf\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eglobal-set-key\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ekbd\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;C-c p t\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;complete-tag\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eglobal-set-key\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ekbd\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;C-c p d\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;cape-dabbrev\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eglobal-set-key\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ekbd\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;C-c p h\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;cape-history\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eglobal-set-key\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ekbd\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;C-c p f\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;cape-file\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eglobal-set-key\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ekbd\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;C-c p e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;cape-elisp-block\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eglobal-set-key\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ekbd\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;C-c p k\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;cape-keyword\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (global-set-key (kbd \u0026#34;C-c p a\u0026#34;) \u0026#39;cape-abbrev)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (global-set-key (kbd \u0026#34;C-c p l\u0026#34;) \u0026#39;cape-line)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (global-set-key (kbd \u0026#34;C-c p w\u0026#34;) \u0026#39;cape-dict)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (global-set-key (kbd \u0026#34;C-c p :\u0026#34;) \u0026#39;cape-emoji)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (global-set-key (kbd \u0026#34;C-c p s\u0026#34;) \u0026#39;cape-elisp-symbol)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (global-set-key (kbd \u0026#34;C-c p \\\\\u0026#34;) \u0026#39;cape-tex)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (global-set-key (kbd \u0026#34;C-c p _\u0026#34;) \u0026#39;cape-tex)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (global-set-key (kbd \u0026#34;C-c p ^\u0026#34;) \u0026#39;cape-tex)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (global-set-key (kbd \u0026#34;C-c p \u0026amp;\u0026#34;) \u0026#39;cape-sgml)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (global-set-key (kbd \u0026#34;C-c p r\u0026#34;) \u0026#39;cape-rfc1345)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Add to the global default value of `completion-at-point-functions\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; which is used by `completion-at-point\u0026#39;. The order of the functions\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; matters, the first function returning a result wins. Note that the\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; list of buffer-local completion functions takes precedence over the\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; global list. However, since we don\u0026#39;t really know what most of these\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; are for, we are just commenting them out.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eadd-hook\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;completion-at-point-functions\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-dabbrev\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eadd-hook\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;completion-at-point-functions\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-history\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eadd-hook\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;completion-at-point-functions\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-file\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eadd-hook\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;completion-at-point-functions\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-elisp-block\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eadd-hook\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;completion-at-point-functions\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-keyword\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (add-hook \u0026#39;completion-at-point-functions #\u0026#39;cape-tex)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (add-hook \u0026#39;completion-at-point-functions #\u0026#39;cape-sgml)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (add-hook \u0026#39;completion-at-point-functions #\u0026#39;cape-rfc1345)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (add-hook \u0026#39;completion-at-point-functions #\u0026#39;cape-abbrev)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (add-hook \u0026#39;completion-at-point-functions #\u0026#39;cape-dict)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (add-hook \u0026#39;completion-at-point-functions #\u0026#39;cape-elisp-symbol)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; (add-hook \u0026#39;completion-at-point-functions #\u0026#39;cape-line)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"one-capf-to-joule-them-all\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOne capf to joule them all \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#one-capf-to-joule-them-all\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe my/capf-for-all alias is used for the cape-capf-super function for\nbetter clarity. The code sets the cape-capf-properties are set for\ncodeium and dabbrev (though more can be added).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elisp\" data-lang=\"elisp\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003edefalias\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;my/capf-for-all\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Create an alias \u0026#39;my/capf-for-all\u0026#39; for the following expression\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-capf-super\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;Combine multiple completion sources using cape-capf-super\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-capf-silent\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;Suppress the annotation for the following completion sources\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Set properties for the codeium-completion-at-point function\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-capf-properties\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecodeium-completion-at-point\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e:annotation-function\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Define an anonymous function to provide the annotation\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003elambda\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e_\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003epropertize\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34; odeium\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;face\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efont-lock-comment-face\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Set the company-kind property to \u0026#39;magic\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; It is a cape property specifying type of completion candidate\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; not really required, but can provide a better visual experience\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e:company-kind\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003elambda\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e_\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;magic\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Prevent duplicates from the eglot-completion-at-point function\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-capf-buster\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eeglot-completion-at-point\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;equal\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Set properties for the cape-dabbrev function\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-capf-properties\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-dabbrev\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e:annotation-function\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Define an anonymous function to provide the annotation\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003elambda\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e_\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003epropertize\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34; Dabbrev\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;face\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efont-lock-comment-face\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; if line gets too chatty\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-capf-silent\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Suppress the annotation for the following completion source\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-capf-properties\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-line\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Set properties for the cape-line function\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e:annotation-function\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Define an anonymous function to provide the annotation\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003elambda\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e_\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003epropertize\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34; Line\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;face\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efont-lock-comment-face\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))))))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"engaging-in-eglottony\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEngaging in eglottony \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#engaging-in-eglottony\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompletion settings for eglot managed modes are configured here pulling\neverything together to work with eglot.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elisp\" data-lang=\"elisp\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003edefun\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emy/eglotted-modes-config\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e()\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;Configuration of settings for eglot-managed modes\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003esetq-local\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecompletion-category-overrides\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e((\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efile\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003estyles\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epartial-completion\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Set completion-category-overrides for file category\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecompletion-category-defaults\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"no\"\u003enil\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Clear completion-category-defaults\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecompletion-styles\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eorderless\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003epartial-completion\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ebasic\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Set completion styles\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecompletion-at-point-functions\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003elist\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecape-file\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;my/capf-for-all\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Set completion-at-point-functions to include cape-file and my/capf-for-all\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; Finally, add the my/eglotted-modes-config function to the\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; eglot-managed-mode-hook so it gets called when eglot runs.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eadd-hook\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;eglot-managed-mode-hook\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e#\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emy/eglotted-modes-config\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis setup is mainly to get codeium to work on clojure scripts with\neglot as the language server client. When programming elisp though we\ndon\u0026rsquo;t need capfs and eglot. In fact, the\n\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/Exafunction/codeium.el\"\u003ecodeium.el\u003c/a\u003e page provides\ncode to work with elisp (see cl-letf* function towards the bottom).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[TODO: try to get codeium to work with shell better.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"completers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecompleters \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#completers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeveral have been examined including ido|fido, vertico, ivy, but none\noffer as much as helm. Though it may have been slow on old computers,\nspeed is not an issue now.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"helm-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ehelm \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#helm-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/emacs-helm/helm/wiki#general-concept\"\u003ewiki\u003c/a\u003e Doing\nthings in helm is different from vanilla emacs:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003euse windows rather than minibuffer\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003euse pattern rather than \u0026lt;tab\u0026gt;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026lt;tab\u0026gt;|C-i gives available actions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eC-j|C-z persistent action (helm buffer persists)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ein a helm buffer, marking is not done with m\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eembedded help in org buffer with C-h m\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCertain emacs commands have been helmed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"ido\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eido \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ido\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough built-in and mostly nice, the ido-switch-buffer doesn\u0026rsquo;t always\nwork. The ido flex matching was excellent for the most part, though it\ncould get confusing in some situations (helm\u0026rsquo;s locate is far better -\nalmost as powerful as recoll file find or fzf fuzzy find.) Though fido\nis also built-in, we found no real advantage to it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"vertico\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003evertico \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#vertico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is supposed to be an ido|ivy replacement forked from selectrum, but\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t seem to have any real advantages. Easy to get up and running,\nbut not so easy to figure out how to optimize things. One advantage is\nit works with existing emacs bindings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"ivy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eivy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ivy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe use to use this as well as icicles many years ago, but switched to\nido because things weren\u0026rsquo;t as messy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"daemon-as-systemd\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003edaemon as systemd \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#daemon-as-systemd\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e$ systemctl ā€“user enable ā€“now emacs cp\n\u003cem\u003eusr/lib/systemd/user/emacs.service .config/systemd/user\u003c/em\u003e systemctl\nenable ā€“user emacs\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"default-editor\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003edefault editor \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#default-editor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eexport EDITOR=emacs \u003ca href=\"https://www.systutorials.com/how-to-change-the-default-text-editor-on-linux/\"\u003eHow to change the default text editor on\nLinux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"dired-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003edired \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dired-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEdit directories with emacs which is possibly far more useful than we\never thought. \u003ca href=\"https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/refcards/pdf/dired-ref.pdf\"\u003eReference Card\npdf.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"enter\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eenter \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#enter\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC-x d from eshell or provide a pattern!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eC-x (4|5) d ~/\nC-x d ~/*\nC-x d ~/.*\nC-x d ~/D*\nC-x d ~/**/*.el ;globstar should work but doesn't\nC-x (4) C-j if done in dired gives parent dir\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"navigation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003enavigation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#navigation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003en,p\nj \u0026lt;==\u0026gt; C-x C-f\nM-s f (M-)C-s searches just for filename (or change dired-isearch-filenames to t)\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"deletion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003edeletion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#deletion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eDEL doesn't work\nd,u,x does (on regions too)\nm,D is an alternative\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"multiple-flagging\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003emultiple flagging \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#multiple-flagging\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003e#,~,. probably not going to use\n% g flag garbage files .log, .toc, .dvi, .bak ...\n% d regexp very nice!!\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"toggle-hidden-files\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etoggle hidden files \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#toggle-hidden-files\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC-u s and -al -\u0026gt; -l or may be this\n[\u003ca href=\"https://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/DiredOmitMode\"\u003ehttps://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/DiredOmitMode\u003c/a\u003e][Toggle Showing Dot\nFiles]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"visiting-files\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003evisiting files \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#visiting-files\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eRET|f\no,C-o\nv readonly view\n^,..\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cp\u003enot same as openwith which can be done in various ways, but simplest for\nnow is M-! \u0026lt;app\u0026gt; file.\u003cbr\u003e\nthis isn\u0026rsquo;t as convenient as nnn, but should do for now. dired+\napparently has a way to do this.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"visit-dir\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003evisit dir \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#visit-dir\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003euse a instead of C-m to discard ancestors use C-x C-j to jump to parent\n(but that will leave trail), so go to .. and use a\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"dired-marks-and-flags\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003edired marks and flags \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dired-marks-and-flags\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethese offer many possibilities, but are awkward to remember right now.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003em can do region or C-u N as well\n* N number and size of files in marked region\n* * mark exe files\n* @ mark slinks\n* s mark all in dir\n* / mark dirs\nU remove all marks\n\nmark by regexp\n% m|g\n% d\n\n\nsome of these may be useful though we can't see why right now:\\\\\n* t toggle\nM-{} move up/down to next marked file\nC-/ undo dired changes\n* c old new: * c D t * c SPC D * c t SPC\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"operating-on-files\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eoperating on files \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#operating-on-files\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eD\nZ\nC new\nR new to existing dir (dired-create-destination-dirs)\nS new\n\nA regexp very nice!!\nQ regexp very nice!!\n\n% u,l upper,lower case filenames\n\nprobably not useful at this stage\nM modespec\nG newgroup\nO newowner\nW open file externally\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"transforming-filenames\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etransforming filenames \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#transforming-filenames\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e% R,C,H,S computes new name by regexp doing a search-replace not sure\nhow important this is since we can treat the dir as emacs buffer\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"subdirs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esubdirs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#subdirs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003ei\nC-u C-SPC\n$\nM-$\nC-u k\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"symlinks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esymlinks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#symlinks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGo to item symlink points to\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"find-and-locate\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efind and locate \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#find-and-locate\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethese are done from dired\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eM-x find-name-dired\nM-x locate\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"view-images\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eview images \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#view-images\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eC-t d on marked image files\nM-x image-dired\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cp\u003erotations possible with jpegtran\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003edelete and tag of image files also possible, so can this replace\ngthumb!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"other-features\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eother features \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#other-features\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003eM-x dired-create-empty-file\nM-x dired-compare-directories\nM-s a C-s isearch on filenames\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"zz\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ezz \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#zz\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Dired.html\"\u003eDired, the Directory\nEditor\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/DiredMode\"\u003eDiredMode\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"elfeed\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eelfeed \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#elfeed\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/skeeto/elfeed\"\u003eElfeed Emacs Web Feed Reader\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.maketecheasier.com/use-emacs-for-rss-with-elfeed/\"\u003eHow to\nUse Emacs for RSS with\nElfeed\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://koustuvsinha.com/post/emacs_research_workflow/\"\u003eA workflow for reading, managing and discovering ML research papers\nwith Emacs\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://heikkil.github.io/blog/2015/05/09/notes-from-elfeed-entries/\"\u003eNote taking 3: Notes from elfeed\nentries\u003c/a\u003e\n!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSetup init-elfeed.el with:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003evars for urls (because they can get very long and look messy)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe feeds var elfeed-feeds\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe update var elfeed-search-update gets the feeds\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edelete feed by removing it on M-x customize elfeed-feeds\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"index-mechanism\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eindex mechanism \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#index-mechanism\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003etrying to figure out how to search the feeds from .elfeed in\ndata/1d/1da2ce0dd6436d802f0e1b35ad60f8b745780a5b in index\n\u0026ldquo;\u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedaily.com/rss/top/science.xml\"\u003ehttps://www.sciencedaily.com/rss/top/science.xml\u003c/a\u003e\u0026rdquo; nil)\n(\u0026ldquo;\u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedaily.com\"\u003ewww.sciencedaily.com\u003c/a\u003e\u0026rdquo; .\n\u0026ldquo;\u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/04/210405150225.htm\"\u003ehttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/04/210405150225.htm\u003c/a\u003e\u0026rdquo;)\n#s(elfeed-entry (\u0026ldquo;\u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedaily.com\"\u003ewww.sciencedaily.com\u003c/a\u003e\u0026rdquo; .\n\u0026ldquo;\u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/04/210405150225.htm\"\u003ehttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/04/210405150225.htm\u003c/a\u003e\u0026rdquo;)\n\u0026ldquo;Elasticity to position microplates on curved 2D fluids\u0026rdquo;\n\u0026ldquo;\u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/04/210405150225.htm\"\u003ehttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/04/210405150225.htm\u003c/a\u003e\u0026rdquo;\n1617649345.0 #s(elfeed-ref \u0026ldquo;1da2ce0dd6436d802f0e1b35ad60f8b745780a5b\u0026rdquo;)\nhtml nil (unread)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is likely no benefit to recolling the entire .elfeed dir because\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewe really don\u0026rsquo;t want all the feeds\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethose that we do want probably don\u0026rsquo;t have enough text content\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe title of the article contains most of the info and that is already\nsearchable\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaving specific articles to zitems may be useful, so an elisp script\ndoes the job mostly written by perplexity!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"emailing-a-buffer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eemailing a buffer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#emailing-a-buffer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC-ret to setup email C-M-p to prger\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"setup-init-elfeed\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esetup init-elfeed \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#setup-init-elfeed\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003euse variable for feeds remove titles, but set them as tags (setq aiblog\n\u0026lt;URL\u0026gt;) though we did have (setq aiblog (list \u0026lt;URL\u0026gt; \u0026lt;TITLE)) title\nnow \u0026quot;\u0026quot; and set as a tag\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"regex-group-replacement\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eregex group replacement \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#regex-group-replacement\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(car aiblog) -\u0026gt; aiblog (car $\u003ccode\u003e......\u003c/code\u003e$) -\u0026gt; \\1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"eshell\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eeshell \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#eshell\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esome of these items apply to emacs in general.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"builtins\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ebuiltins \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#builtins\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eoccur \u0026lt;regex\u0026gt; displays matching items in history\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecd =, cd =foo, cd -N are excellent for moving into directories!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esudo works using eshell/sudo, but as an alias\n(eshell-prefer-lisp-functions didn\u0026rsquo;t work)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebuilt-in variables:\u003cbr\u003e\n$+, $-, $$, $? (with ending underscores), may be useful for\nscripting\u003cbr\u003e\nalso, note specific args handling with $*, $1, $2 ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"eshell-to-have-path\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eeshell to have $PATH \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#eshell-to-have-path\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e;; match zshenv PATH (setenv \u0026ldquo;PATH\u0026rdquo; (shell-command-to-string \u0026ldquo;echo -n\n$PATH\u0026rdquo;))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethat seems a lot simpler (not sure if it will work either), however, we\ndid it another way by\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eecho $PATH \u0026gt; tmp\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eedit tmp\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePATH=$(cat tmp)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eafter the above in zsh, we go to eshell and\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e(setq path \u0026lt;copied from echo $PATH\u0026gt;)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e(setq exec-path (split-string path \u0026ldquo;:\u0026rdquo;))\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"expansions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eexpansions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#expansions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elisp\" data-lang=\"elisp\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003esetq\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003evar\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;this is a string with extension.test\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$var\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;var\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003edisambiguate\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$#var\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003elength\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003esexp\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecan\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ebe\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eused\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ein\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estring\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e${cmd}\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eoutput\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eof\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecmd\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$\u0026lt;cmd\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eoutput\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eto\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003etmpfile\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$var\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eith\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eelement\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eof\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003esequence\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003estring\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003esplit\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eon\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003espc\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$var\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e:\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003en0\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003en1\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003en2\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e...\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003esplit\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eon\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e:\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;interpolation into larger string !!!\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$var\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;\\\\\\\\\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;!!!\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$var\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;[0-9]+\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;!!!\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$var\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ehello\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;!!!\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$#var\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ehello\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;!!!\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"fix-the-history-issue\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efix the history!! issue \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fix-the-history-issue\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecustomize eshell-expand-input-functions by INS\neshell-expand-history-references t\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"for-loop\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efor loop \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#for-loop\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elisp\" data-lang=\"elisp\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eVAR\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ein\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eTOKENS\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecommand\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003einvocation\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003es\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ein\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003esplit-string\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eshell-command-to-string\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;cat /etc/passwd\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;\\n\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003eprint\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003estring-join\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003elist\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;BOO\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34; \u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"help\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ehelp \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#help\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehelp on function at point: C-h f\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"history\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ehistory \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#history\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eM-p|n works as expected\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eM-r|s is a bit awkward compared to C-r in regular shell, though there\nmay be a better way\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eunlike C-r in a regular shell, M-r doesn\u0026rsquo;t keep cycling back ā€¦ need to\nfigure out how to deal with this\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"todo-pcomplete\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"todo TODO\"\u003eTODO\u003c/span\u003e pcomplete \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#todo-pcomplete\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003enot sure what this is \u003ca href=\"https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_mono/eshell.html#Completion\"\u003ecompletion\nconcept\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"redirection\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eredirection \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#redirection\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emostly same as zsh, but we also have these neat items\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elisp\" data-lang=\"elisp\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026gt;\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"err\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e\u0026lt;buffer-name\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e/dev/clip\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eas well as being able to define virtual targets with (\u0026quot;/dev/name\u0026quot;\nfunction mode)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"scripts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003escripts \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#scripts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003euse source from eshell and eshell-source-file from rest of emacs\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"ssh-to-remote\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003essh to remote \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ssh-to-remote\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC-x C-d /ssh:lentil: M-x eshell and it works perfectly!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sudo-issue\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esudo issue \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sudo-issue\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhich sudo give /usr/bin/sudo - even when lisp functions are prefered\n!!!!! so we use an alias sudo eshell/sudo $* apparently the\ndocumentation is\n\u003ca href=\"https://emacs.stackexchange.com/a/19107/37749\"\u003emisleading\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ealias sff find-file /sudo::$1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"zz-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ezz \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#zz-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_mono/eshell.html\"\u003eeshell\nmanual\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ess-and-paredit\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eess and paredit \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ess-and-paredit\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethese two don\u0026rsquo;t play nicely and you get c () so remove paredit from .R\nfiles and things seem to be just fine\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"eww\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eeww \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#eww\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe browser is quite impressive doing what it is primarily designed\nfor - browsing simple sites and reading docs. However, some of the\nkeybindings and commands don\u0026rsquo;t seem to work. Not an important matter\nthough since we likely won\u0026rsquo;t use it much.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"flys\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eflys \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#flys\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a fly for spelling, flyspell, and 2 for code syntax checking,\nflymake (builtin to emacs), flycheck (from elpa).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"flyspell\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eflyspell \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#flyspell\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsed for spell checking and allows adding to the dictionary.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"flymake\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eflymake \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#flymake\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsed for checking code syntax and works with LSP servers through clients\nlike lsp-mode and eglot.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"flycheck\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eflycheck \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#flycheck\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoes the same as flymake, but presumably works better and with more\nlanguages (eg sh-zsh). The checking seems to be automatic, but with lsp\nI\u0026rsquo;m not sure if it is required. Quite possibly flymake is sufficient,\nbut we should test both out. Lsp uses flycheck if it is available\nautomatically, so we don\u0026rsquo;t have to specify that flymake be hooked for a\nlanguage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"fdm\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efdm \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fdm\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efetch and deliver mail it is MDA which can fetch\n\u003ca href=\"https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Fdm\"\u003ehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Fdm\u003c/a\u003e simple config for our notmuch\npurposes\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"following-symlinks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efollowing symlinks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#following-symlinks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC-h v vc-follow-symlinks and change the value this will handle git asks\nwhen opening a file !!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"fountain-mode\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efountain-mode \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fountain-mode\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"screenplain\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003escreenplain \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#screenplain\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003edoesn\u0026rsquo;t handle C-c C-a synopsis unless there is a blank line macro\nfynopsis takes care of this and is bound this way: (add-hook\n\u0026lsquo;fountain-mode-hook ; enters synopsis for screenplain issue (lambda ()\n(local-set-key (kbd \u0026ldquo;C-c C-a\u0026rdquo;) \u0026lsquo;fynopsis)))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"greppers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003egreppers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#greppers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese search for occurrences of pattern in the buffer and/or in files.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eemacs grep\u003c/strong\u003e is good and straightforward to use from the menu\nrequiring only a pattern and a directory of files.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ehelm ag\u003c/strong\u003e M-g f will give pattern at|before point by default for the\ndirectory, so it can do much the same job as rg, but only on the\ndirectory you are already in. It is faster to use, if you want to search\npwd only and not some other directory, since you have to go there,\nwhereas C-c s with rg let\u0026rsquo;s you setup in whatever directory you want to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003erg\u003c/strong\u003e C-c s is supposed to be faster with better customization. Though\ndeadgrip was fine (and we like the rip pun), it was awkward to get into\nthe directory we wanted. The rg package offers many more features and is\ninto higher versions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe find rg to be easier to setup and use too - with a guiding menu after\nC-c s and the \u003ca href=\"https://rgel.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html\"\u003edocs\u003c/a\u003e\nare quite thorough as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo use ripgrep instead of grep see\n\u003ca href=\"https://stegosaurusdormant.com/emacs-ripgrep/\"\u003earticle\u003c/a\u003e. At this point,\nwe see no real advantage to replacing grep with ripgrep. The code to\ninsert in init.el is something like this:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elisp\" data-lang=\"elisp\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003egrep-apply-setting\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"ss\"\u003e\u0026#39;grep-find-command\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;rg -n -H --no-heading -e \u0026#39;\u0026#39; $(git rev-parse --show-toplevel || pwd)\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e.\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t need to do this though because (require \u0026lsquo;rg)\n(rg-enable-default-bindings)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eis quite sufficient to work with rg and also have grep around.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003esearchers\u003c/strong\u003e work only in the buffer and include C-s|r and M-x occur\nwhich will make a buffer with links for the pattern, so it gives you the\nsame thing that search does, but in a separate buffer and with every\noccurrence rather than forward C-s or reverse C-r.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ibuffer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eibuffer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ibuffer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGet in with C-x M-b\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDelete multiple buffers quickly\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e% n|m \u0026lt;\u0026gt; RET\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eD y\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"images\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eimages \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#images\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInsert an image with\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003e#+CAPTION: This is the caption for the next figure link (or table)\n#+NAME: fig:SED-HR4049\n[[./img/a.jpg]]\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"junk-deposit-issue\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ejunk deposit issue \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#junk-deposit-issue\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eemacs -nw producing [Ihello] and other junk on first line\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethis is happening because of the line in init-modes.el\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elisp\" data-lang=\"elisp\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003esp-pair\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;[\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;]\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003e:wrap\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;M-[\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eother braces {} () don\u0026rsquo;t seem to have any issues\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"key-unbind\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ekey (un)bind \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#key-unbind\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003e(global-set-key (kbd \u0026quot;C-M-.\u0026quot;) 'eshell)\n(global-unset-key (kbd \u0026quot;C-M-.\u0026quot;))\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"lilypond\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003elilypond \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lilypond\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"qpdfview\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eqpdfview \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#qpdfview\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eopen the pdf update in lilypond, then refresh with F5\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"xpdf--open\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003expdf -open \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#xpdf--open\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethis works quite well until it is unable for some reason to create a\nremote socket. however, the problem can be nullified by: rm /tmp/default\nwhich removes the socket process (i guess?) unfortunately, when\noperating as a server, the textedit:// feature does not work as\neffectively though you still get the line number of where you want to go\nto in the .ly file.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"midi\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003emidi \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#midi\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLilypond-midi-player variable set to timidity|fluidsynth \u0001\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"links\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003elinks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#links\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExternal links to webpages work fine, but internal links to headings\nwithin the same page seem to be an issue when hugo exports them to html.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo setup an internal link within a document:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ego to link and M-x org-store-link\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ego to place to insert link and M-x org-insert-last-stored-link\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuch an arrangement works find inside orgmode, but hugo doesn\u0026rsquo;t manage\nto export it correctly at present (2023-08-02).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"lsp\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003elsp \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lsp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://emacs-lsp.github.io/lsp-mode/\"\u003eLanguage Server Protocol Support for\nEmacs\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://www.mortens.dev/blog/emacs-and-the-language-server-protocol/\"\u003eEmacs and the Language\nServer\nProtocol\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"notmuch\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003enotmuch \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#notmuch\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe idea will be to use search/tag rather than folders to get things\ndone\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"setup\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esetup \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#setup\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e%notmuch setup -\u0026gt; ~/.notmuch-config used to have\n.emacs.d/notmuch-config.el with mainly the Q binding, but that is now in\ninit-email.el\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"starting\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003estarting \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#starting\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eemacs -e \u0026ldquo;notmuch\u0026rdquo; with client it used to be different: emacsclient -e\n\u0026ldquo;(elfeed)\u0026rdquo; -e \u0026ldquo;(notmuch)\u0026rdquo; \u0026amp; emacsclient -c ~/aa/aa.org \u0026amp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"various-commands\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003evarious commands \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#various-commands\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esearch|show|address|count reply tag dump|restore config\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"html\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ehtml \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(global-set-key (kbd \u0026ldquo;\u0026lt;f6\u0026gt;\u0026rdquo;) \u0026lsquo;org-mime-edit-mail-in-org-mode) use to\nopen a second window and write in orgmode C-c C-c will update orgified\nbuffer to the original\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(global-set-key (kbd \u0026ldquo;M-\u0026lt;f6\u0026gt;\u0026rdquo;) \u0026lsquo;org-mime-htmlize) htmlize the orgified\nbuffer before sending with C-c C-c (as before)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"searching\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esearching \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#searching\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewildcards using \u0026lsquo;*\u0026rsquo; operators +|-|AND|NOT|XOR|OR| brackets\nproximity NEAR ADJ phrases \u0026ldquo;Debian Project\u0026rdquo; \u0026lt;=\u0026gt; Debian ADJ/1 Project\nprefix freeform idea, but uses full item eg from: instead of f: range\ndate:yr-mo-da..yr-mo-da | -5da..now | yesterday\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eman notmuch-search-terms\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"fetchtrash-mechanism\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efetch/trash mechanism \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fetchtrash-mechanism\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003euse nmprg.sh) f|c|p|t\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef files are left on server but not duplicated c) fdm fetch will remove\nthem from server p) polls t) trash require \u0026lsquo;S\u0026rsquo; on emails then nmprg.sh t\nmoves them to ~/.trash\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebe careful using c) because if you read using spark or whatever on the\nserver and leave the item as read, then using this removes them from the\nserver, but we\u0026rsquo;re not sure where the email actually goes! yes we are\nnow!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewe must be sure that we are running nmp from ~/ otherwise mail/ will be\ncreated wherever we are!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"autocomplete-email-addresses\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eautocomplete email addresses \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#autocomplete-email-addresses\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003echose to use bbdb and use bbdb-vcard with contacts.vcf exported from\ngoogle Go to \u003ca href=\"http://contacts.google.com\"\u003ehttp://contacts.google.com\u003c/a\u003e, click the menu\n\u0026ldquo;Exportā€¦\u0026gt;\u0026gt;vCard format (blah, blah ā€¦)\u0026rdquo;. Click \u0026ldquo;Export\u0026rdquo; button.\nDownload the contacts.vcf into ~/Downloads then load into an emacs buffer and run\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebbdb-snarf-vcard-buffer\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRemember to save the bbdb buffer to .emacs.d/bbdb\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"gnus-alias-to-select-identity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003egnus-alias to select identity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#gnus-alias-to-select-identity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://notmuchmail.org/emacstips/#index16h2\"\u003ehttps://notmuchmail.org/emacstips/#index16h2\u003c/a\u003e didn\u0026rsquo;t set rules use M-x\ngnus-alias-select-identity\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"external-handlers-for-attachments\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eexternal handlers for attachments \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#external-handlers-for-attachments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ew - to save the attachment - though the default doesn\u0026rsquo;t always seem to\nwork. . o allows reading the item provided you specify the type\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sending-email\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esending email \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sending-email\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"evolution-removals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eevolution removals \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#evolution-removals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efor some reason, the setup for smtp wasn\u0026rsquo;t being picked up in the\ninit.el file and that is why evolution kept coming up. instead of\nsmtpmail-send-it the setting had changed to mailclient-send-it. this is\nnice to know in case we should ever require it in the future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e;; smtp (setq smtpmail-default-smtp-server \u0026ldquo;shawmail.gv.shawcable.net\u0026rdquo;\nsend-mail-function \u0026lsquo;smtpmail-send-it user-full-name \u0026ldquo;prad\u0026rdquo;\nsmtpmail-local-domain \u0026ldquo;towardsfreedom.com\u0026rdquo; user-mail-address\n\u0026ldquo;\u003ca href=\"mailto:prad@towardsfreedom.com\"\u003eprad@towardsfreedom.com\u003c/a\u003e\u0026rdquo;) (require \u0026lsquo;smtpmail)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eotherwise it defaults to evolution because gnome sets it, though we can\nchange it to notmuch through settings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"vivaldi-mail-issue\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003evivaldi mail issue \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#vivaldi-mail-issue\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ehowever, what is the problem replying to vivaldi? no issues sending to\nvivaldi or replying to any other place it seems. changing the smtp to\n\u0026ldquo;mail.towardsfreedom.com\u0026rdquo; sent, but still the same problem with replying\nto vivaldi!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2021-06-21 Mon\u0026gt; we are sending \u003ca href=\"mailto:pradagio@vivaldi.net\"\u003epradagio@vivaldi.net\u003c/a\u003e emails through\nsmtp.vivaldi.net because shawmail wouldn\u0026rsquo;t send (even though it appeared\nto do so).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2 items noted:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003egnus alias setup is sufficient (no need for msmtp) (\u0026ldquo;tf\u0026rdquo; nil ;; Does\nnot refer to any other identity \u0026ldquo;prad \u0026lt;prad@towardsfreedom.com\u0026gt;\u0026rdquo;\n;; Sender address \u0026ldquo;towardsfreedom.com\u0026rdquo; ;; Organization header\n((\u0026ldquo;X-Message-SMTP-Method\u0026rdquo; . \u0026ldquo;smtp smtp.towardsfreedom.com 587\u0026rdquo;)) nil\n;; extra body text \u0026ldquo;\u003cdel\u003e/.signature\u0026rdquo;) (\u0026ldquo;fm\u0026rdquo; ;;formal tf nil \u0026ldquo;prad basu\n\u0026lt;prad@towardsfreedom.com\u0026gt;\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;prad basu\u0026rdquo; ;; Organization header\n((\u0026ldquo;X-Message-SMTP-Method\u0026rdquo; . \u0026ldquo;smtp smtp.towardsfreedom.com 587\u0026rdquo;)) nil\n;; No extra body text \u0026ldquo;\u003c/del\u003e/.signature.fm\u0026rdquo;) (\u0026ldquo;vv\u0026rdquo; nil \u0026ldquo;prad\n\u0026lt;pradagio@vivaldi.net\u0026gt;\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;prader\u0026rdquo; ;; Organization header\n((\u0026ldquo;X-Message-SMTP-Method\u0026rdquo; . \u0026ldquo;smtp smtp.vivaldi.net 587\u0026rdquo;)) nil ;; No\nextra body text \u0026ldquo;~/.signature.vv\u0026rdquo;) )\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003email-host-address (setq mail-host-address \u0026ldquo;localhost\u0026rdquo;) couldn\u0026rsquo;t\nfigure out how to change it via smtp on gnus-alias, but that\u0026rsquo;s\nprobably not important however, we need this to prevent Message ID\n\u0026lt;87lf72na5y.fsf@schnell.i-did-not-setā€“mail-host-addressā€“so-tickle-me\u0026gt;\ndoing (\u0026ldquo;Message-ID\u0026rdquo; . \u0026ldquo;towardsfreedom.com\u0026rdquo;) didn\u0026rsquo;t work though it\ndid get the item in there. receiving end produced: Message ID\n\u0026lt;60d15486.1c69fb81.90dc4.e612SMTPIN_ADDEDBROKEN\u003c/sub\u003e@mx.google.com\u0026gt;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003estill getting a spf softfail: send from vivaldi -\u0026gt; tf reply from tf -\u0026gt;\nvivaldi don\u0026rsquo;t know why, but it probably doesn\u0026rsquo;t matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ealso unclear why .authinfo required vivaldi smtp info but nothing for tf\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"orgmode\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eorgmode \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#orgmode\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://orgmode.org\"\u003emanual\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"org-macros\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eorg macros \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#org-macros\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/fniessen/org-macros/blob/master/README.org\"\u003egithub\nlink\u003c/a\u003e The\nmacros in Org allow you to add text or code to an Org document that will\nbe expanded during export: the text between the 3 pairs of accolades is\nexpanded so that readers can see it in the exported versions of the\ndocument.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome people (such as me) use it to construct complex HTML or LaTeX code.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://orgmode.org/manual/Macro-Replacement.html#Macro-replacement\"\u003e13.5 Macro\nReplacement\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"the-file-issue-with-org-agenda-files\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ethe .#file issue with org-agenda-files \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-file-issue-with-org-agenda-files\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen that variable is set to ~/aa/*.org various files within the aa\ndirectory kept appearing making cycling awkward. We haven\u0026rsquo;t found out\nwhy though the problem started around \u0026lt;2023-07-22 Sat\u0026gt; for some\nreason. Possibly, having the default ~/org directory would have caused\nthose files to end up there (which really isn\u0026rsquo;t the best solution).\nSetting the default org-directory to aa seems to have worked albeit the\nidea is pretty counter-intuitive.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"org-agenda\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eorg agenda \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#org-agenda\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCycle the org agenda directory with C-\u0026rsquo; (which seems to be a default\nsetup). packages\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"melpa-vs-melpa-stable\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003emelpa vs melpa-stable \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#melpa-vs-melpa-stable\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePackages are identified when we look at M-x package-list-packages\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"update-packages\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eupdate packages \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#update-packages\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eM-x list-packages and it will automatically refresh the archive\ncontents.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen, press U to mark all upgradable packages to be upgraded.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLast, press x to perform the new updates.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmacs will then download and install all upgradable packages. It will\nalso ask you whether to delete the old packages: M-x package-autoremove\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoing it this way seems better than package-refresh-contents\npackage-install (if package-reinstall doesn\u0026rsquo;t work)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"table\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etable \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#table\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf ; isn\u0026rsquo;t a separator by default: C-u C-u C-u C-c | ; RET\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"package\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003epackage \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#package\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"removing-packages\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eremoving packages \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#removing-packages\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo remove unnecessary or unwanted packages in Emacs, follow these steps:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen Emacs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePress `M-x` (Alt + x) to invoke the command prompt.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eType `package-list-packages` and press Enter.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the \u003cstrong\u003ePackages\u003c/strong\u003e buffer, locate the packages you want to remove.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMark them for deletion by pressing `d` (package-menu-mark-delete).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecute the deletion by pressing `x` (package-menu-execute).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConfirm the removal when prompted in the mini-buffer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis process will remove the actual files associated with the packages\nfrom the `~/.emacs.d/elpa` directoryĀ¹. Happy cleaning! šŸ§¹šŸš€\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Conversation with Copilot, 6/18/2024 (1) How to remove an\ninstalled package in Emacs (ver 24+)?.\n\u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16469600/how-to-remove-an-installed-package-in-emacs-ver-24\"\u003ehttps://stackoverflow.com/questions/16469600/how-to-remove-an-installed-package-in-emacs-ver-24\u003c/a\u003e.\n(2) uninstallation - How remove emacs full? - Stack Overflow.\n\u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57895073/how-remove-emacs-full\"\u003ehttps://stackoverflow.com/questions/57895073/how-remove-emacs-full\u003c/a\u003e.\n(3) Package Menu (GNU Emacs Manual).\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Package-Menu.html\"\u003ehttps://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Package-Menu.html\u003c/a\u003e.\n(4) apt - how to uninstall emacs from command line? - Ask Ubuntu.\n\u003ca href=\"https://askubuntu.com/questions/604733/how-to-uninstall-emacs-from-command-line\"\u003ehttps://askubuntu.com/questions/604733/how-to-uninstall-emacs-from-command-line\u003c/a\u003e.\n(5) Uninstalling a package and all of its dependencies - Emacs Stack\nExchange.\n\u003ca href=\"https://emacs.stackexchange.com/questions/31888/uninstalling-a-package-and-all-of-its-dependencies\"\u003ehttps://emacs.stackexchange.com/questions/31888/uninstalling-a-package-and-all-of-its-dependencies\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"update-packages-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eupdate packages \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#update-packages-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCertainly! To update packages in Emacs, follow these steps:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen Emacs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eType `M-x list-packages` and press Enter. This command lists all\ninstalled packages and automatically refreshes the package archive\ncontents.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the \u003cstrong\u003ePackages\u003c/strong\u003e buffer, press `U` to mark all upgradable\npackages.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFinally, press `x` to perform the updates. Emacs will download and\ninstall the new versions of the packages. It will also prompt you to\ndelete the old packages if necessaryĀ¹Ā².\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHappy updating! šŸš€šŸ”§\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Conversation with Copilot, 6/18/2024 (1) elpa - Updating\npackages in Emacs - Stack Overflow.\n\u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14836958/updating-packages-in-emacs\"\u003ehttps://stackoverflow.com/questions/14836958/updating-packages-in-emacs\u003c/a\u003e.\n(2) How to upgrade packages installed by ELPA in Emacs?.\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.systutorials.com/how-to-upgrade-packages-installed-by-elpa-in-emacs/\"\u003ehttps://www.systutorials.com/how-to-upgrade-packages-installed-by-elpa-in-emacs/\u003c/a\u003e.\n(3) Keeping Your Emacs Packages Up to Date - System Crafters.\n\u003ca href=\"https://systemcrafters.net/emacs-from-scratch/keeping-your-packages-up-to-date/\"\u003ehttps://systemcrafters.net/emacs-from-scratch/keeping-your-packages-up-to-date/\u003c/a\u003e.\n(4) How to update packages installed with use-package.\n\u003ca href=\"https://emacs.stackexchange.com/questions/31872/how-to-update-packages-installed-with-use-package\"\u003ehttps://emacs.stackexchange.com/questions/31872/how-to-update-packages-installed-with-use-package\u003c/a\u003e.\n(5) undefined. \u003ca href=\"http://tromey.com/elpa/\"\u003ehttp://tromey.com/elpa/\u003c/a\u003e. (6) undefined.\n\u003ca href=\"http://elpa.gnu.org/packages/\"\u003ehttp://elpa.gnu.org/packages/\u003c/a\u003e. (7) undefined.\n\u003ca href=\"http://marmalade-repo.org/packages/\"\u003ehttp://marmalade-repo.org/packages/\u003c/a\u003e. (8) undefined.\n\u003ca href=\"http://melpa.milkbox.net/packages/\"\u003ehttp://melpa.milkbox.net/packages/\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"profiler\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eprofiler \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#profiler\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOption 2: The profiler\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvoke M-x profiler-start RET RET (the second RET is to confirm\ncpu);\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDo some typing, preferably an entire paragraph or more;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvoke M-x profiler-report.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat will give you a buffer describing the cpu time taken by each\nfunction. Hitting TAB on a line expands it to display the functions\ninside it. Navigate this buffer until you find out which function is\ntaking so much CPU time.\n\u003ca href=\"https://emacs.stackexchange.com/questions/5359/how-can-i-troubleshoot-a-very-slow-emacs\"\u003ehttps://emacs.stackexchange.com/questions/5359/how-can-i-troubleshoot-a-very-slow-emacs\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewe tried this to figure out AC mode was slowing things down, but we\nalready knew that. Not sure what to do about it though.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"pinky-solution\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003epinky solution \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pinky-solution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne way of not injuring the left pinky even after making CAPS into CTRL\nis to use different fingers to push it. That way the usage is\ndistributed and the hands move around more too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"todo-regexp\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"todo TODO\"\u003eTODO\u003c/span\u003e regexp \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#todo-regexp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLikely not worth paying in-depth attention to since it is not pcre.\nHowever, some of the uses can be helpful especially for simple things.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"search-file-system\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esearch file system \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#search-file-system\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/Overdr0ne/sfs/tree/master#readme\"\u003eSFS\u003c/a\u003e is a\ncollection of inter-operating emacs tools to make accessing and\norganizing your data faster and more ergonomic. It is largely powered by\nthe Recoll file-indexing tool.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis may be worth pursuing eventually !!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sessions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esessions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sessions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUse the default M-x save-sessions to ~/.emacs.d/session-buffers to get all back. Sometimes certain buffers get persistent because session-buffers keeps them, so delete the buffers and save-session again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"smartparens\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esmartparens \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#smartparens\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://smartparens.readthedocs.io/en/latest/pair-management.htm\"\u003ePair\nmanagement\u003c/a\u003e\nhaven\u0026rsquo;t been able to deal with ~~ and // in org-mode yet !!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"spellcheck\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003espellcheck \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#spellcheck\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebe sure aspell or whatever is installed. M-$\u003cbr\u003e\nCheck and correct spelling of the word at point (ispell-word). If the\nregion is active, do it for all words in the region instead.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eM-x ispell\u003cbr\u003e\nCheck and correct spelling of all words in the buffer. If the region is\nactive, do it for all words in the region instead.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eM-x ispell-buffer\u003cbr\u003e\nCheck and correct spelling in the buffer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eM-x ispell-region\u003cbr\u003e\nCheck and correct spelling in the region.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"tab-bar\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etab-bar \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tab-bar\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLikely not of much use since we tend to prefer buffers anyway.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elisp\" data-lang=\"elisp\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eC-x\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"no\"\u003et\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"mi\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecreates\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enew\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003etab\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eC-tab\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003enext\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003etab\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eC-S-tab\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eprev\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003etab\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eC-x\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"no\"\u003et\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003er\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003erename\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003etab\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eC-x\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"no\"\u003et\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003em\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003emove\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003etab\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eto\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eright\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eC-x\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"no\"\u003et\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eRET\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eselect\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003etab\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eby\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ename\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eM-x\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003etab-list\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nf\"\u003elist\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003etabs\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"tab-completion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etab completion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tab-completion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSetup in init-keybindings.el with (require \u0026lsquo;helm) (define-key helm-map\n(kbd \u0026ldquo;TAB\u0026rdquo;) \u0026lsquo;helm-execute-persistent-action)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"terminals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eterminals \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#terminals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ansi-term gives colors, but term doesn\u0026rsquo;t. C-c C-j linemode to use\nM-x\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCode runs ansi-term without the zsh prompt:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elisp\" data-lang=\"elisp\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; use ansi-term with zsh\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003edefun\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ezterm\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e()\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;term to use zsh\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003einteractive\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eansi-term\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;zsh\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eM-\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003es-a\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eclose\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eopen\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eterminal\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ein\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003esecond\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ewindow\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e;; other terms\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003es-\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eansi-term\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efull\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ewindow\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003es-.\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eeshell\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003es-y\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eterm\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ewith\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ezsh\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003elikely\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eto\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003euse\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003every\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003erarely\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eThere is nothing wrong in allowing ansi-terms to accumulate even if we\ndo not go back to them, though we might if they are involved in specific\ntasks. In order to name the ansi-terms we need to go into line-mode (C-c\nC-j) and not character-mode (C-c C-k), so we can use M-x rename-buffer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn line mode, it reads an entire line and permits various emacs\nediting operations on it, then sends it to the process all at once\nwhen you\u0026rsquo;re done (press Enter). In char mode, each character is sent\nthrough as soon as you press the key - dealing with lines, editing,\nand so on is up to the process running in the terminal, such as your\nshell.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhy might you want to use one over the other? Line mode allows you to\nperform Emacs editing operations on what you write, to accumulate\nmultiple lines to send through at once, and to perform tab completion\nof filenames in Emacs. See the list of commands in shell mode for\ndetails. Character mode lets you use all the features of the\nunderlying process, like its own (likely better) tab completion,\nrather than the Emacs operations, and also to send through inputs that\nEmacs would have interpreted as referring to its own commands (like\nCtrl-X). This is also the mode you\u0026rsquo;d want if you wanted to run vim\ninside emacs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn ordinary terminal operates in the equivalent of character mode.\n\u003ca href=\"https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/148581/in-emacs-term-mode-what-is-char-mode-and-line-mode-how-do-they-differ\"\u003eLine-mode vs Character-mode\nexplanation\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClean-up of ansi-terms can be done in the same way as clean-up of\nsent-mail buffers: % n RET \u0026lt;pattern\u0026gt; marks the buffers by name after\nwhich use D to delete them. See \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"*ibuffer\" alt=\"*ibuffer\"\u003e\n\n.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMacros have been created for \u0026lsquo;aterm s-a \u0026lsquo;aterm-rm M-s-a\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor some reason, aterm does not let M-x to work - get execute: showing\nup in the window. Usually we would M-x to rename-buffer, but a shortcut\nexists: C-x x r and that will bring up the rename-buffer command.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"themes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ethemes \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#themes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(add-to-list \u0026lsquo;custom-theme-load-path \u0026ldquo;~/.emacs.d/themes/\u0026rdquo;) M-x\ncustomize-themes\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"tramp\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etramp \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tramp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe can use ssh|sudo from rootdir with // and once we tramp into another\ncomputer the eshell works there (should we want it to).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"hanging-with-ssh\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ehanging with ssh \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#hanging-with-ssh\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/TrampMode\"\u003ehttps://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/TrampMode\u003c/a\u003e put in the remote .zshrc\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e[[\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$TERM\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e==\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;dumb\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e]]\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026amp;\u0026amp;\u003c/span\u003e unsetopt zle \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026amp;\u0026amp;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ePS1\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;$ \u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026amp;\u0026amp;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003ethis is a zsh issue because people have said that when the switch to\nbash it all works.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2023-09-22 Fri\u0026gt; stopped working for some reason, but a better\nsolution is to use sshx which uses /bin/sh instead of zsh\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"ssh-with-sudo\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003essh with sudo \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ssh-with-sudo\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC-x C-f /ssh:psinom::sudo:psinom:\u003cFILE\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"variables\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003evariables \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#variables\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"shell-mode-map-is-void\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eshell-mode-map is void \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#shell-mode-map-is-void\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eshell-mode-map is a variable that is defined in the file shell.el which\nis not loaded yet, so the variable is undefined.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(require \u0026lsquo;shell) before you try use the variable.\n\u003ca href=\"https://emacs.stackexchange.com/questions/44920/when-i-start-emacs-symbols-value-as-variable-is-void-shell-mode-map\"\u003epost\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"save-and-apply\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esave and apply \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#save-and-apply\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis can be done through the emacs customize menu, but to do alter a\nvariable permanently through the minibuffer, use M-x customize-\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"vc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003evc \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#vc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA ā€œversion control systemā€ is a program that can record multiple\nversions of a source file, storing information such as the creation time\nof each version, who made it, and a description of what was changed.\nEmacs VC supports git and several others and is enabled whenever a file\nunder VC is visited.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCommands reachable with prefix C-x v \u0026lt;tab\u0026gt;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMuch more to investigate !!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"zz-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ezz \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#zz-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"agenda-cycling-extra-buffers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eagenda cycling extra buffers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#agenda-cycling-extra-buffers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCycling through the agenda dir sometimes produces empty buffers of the\nsame name starting with .# and we think this may be because extra files\nof the same name somehow get created. Deleting the buffers doesn\u0026rsquo;t get\nrid of them, because they keep coming back. However, if we M-x\nreload-dot-emacs after deleting them, the problem goes away.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"issue-with-i--on-first-word\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eissue with [I ] on first word \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#issue-with-i--on-first-word\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewe don\u0026rsquo;t really know what the problem is though it seems to have\nsomething to do with the \u003ca href=\"https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=271489\"\u003eTERM\nvariable\u003c/a\u003e. it occurs\nwith emacs -nw, but not with sudo emacs -nw probably because at the time\nthis was written, there was no .emacs in /root as evidenced by a\nsolution which works with emacs -nw -Q.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat does work if using gnome-terminal is TERM=gnome-256color\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"enter-giving-wrong-type-argument-stringp-nil\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eenter giving Wrong type argument: stringp, nil \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#enter-giving-wrong-type-argument-stringp-nil\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003einserting the doc with C-x C-i didn\u0026rsquo;t work hopefully copying the items\none by one will we will also leave orgmode to its own file\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"close-help-window-without-going-to-it\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eclose help window without going to it \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#close-help-window-without-going-to-it\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(setq help-window-select t) that way when using q, it closes the help\nwindow since it is already there.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"re-able-window\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ere-able window \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#re-able-window\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC-z isn\u0026rsquo;t nil (the keybind is commented). It seems to sort of disable\nthe window, but going to another emacsclient window re-activates the\ncursor. With a standalone emacs, clicking on the menu brings it back.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"read-only-toggle\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eread-only toggle \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#read-only-toggle\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC-x C-q\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"block-commenting-trick\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eblock commenting trick \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#block-commenting-trick\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewe don\u0026rsquo;t really need this since emacs is setup with C-M-c and C-M-S-c\nfor comments\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e: \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eThis is a\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003every neat comment\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003ein bash\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;This is outside the commented block\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eExecuting the above code would result in: This is outside the commented\nblock\n\u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/947897/block-comments-in-a-shell-script\"\u003ehttps://stackoverflow.com/questions/947897/block-comments-in-a-shell-script\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"uses\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003euses \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#uses\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecoding\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eclj\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ezsh\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ephp\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eopenscad\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ehtml\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eemail\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewriting\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003estories\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003elibrettos\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epapers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003elilypond\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eorgmode\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "Markus Rafael Nylund", "date_published": "2022-04-21T12:06:56-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-04-21T12:06:56-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/music/markus-rafael-nylund/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/music/markus-rafael-nylund/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eMarkus is a musician from Finland and runs the\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYef5q-70cSavHgheQU9ePA\"\u003eViceVoids\u003c/a\u003e\nyoutube channel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can find his page on this site \u003ca href=\"/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/markus/\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow we list some of his videos.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"vicevoids---timehigh\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eVICEVOIDS - timehigh \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#vicevoids---timehigh\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;this song is like going to church on monday morning. thank you!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/rvGvfz_v4vQ?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch1 id=\"master-of-puppets-metallica-cover\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMaster of Puppets (Metallica cover) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#master-of-puppets-metallica-cover\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Suddenly Metallica\u0026rsquo;s Master of Puppets started playing through me ā€¦\nBirds flew in the trees and for a moment took a break from their\nshenanigans ā€¦\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/Yq1jdZ36ECw?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e" }, { "title": "Cosmic Soulmates", "date_published": "2022-03-28T20:50:29-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-28T20:50:29-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/cosmic-soulmates/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/cosmic-soulmates/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWhile I tend to be agnostic, there are many aspects of various religions\nI admire, a viewpoint which permits one to not hold arrogant\nperspectives like \u0026lsquo;my religion is better than yours\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis competitive attitude has been largely responsible throughout\nhistory for barbaric behaviour in the name of God who would be least\nappreciative of having One\u0026rsquo;s \u0026lsquo;children\u0026rsquo; slaughtering \u0026lsquo;children\u0026rsquo; - with\nself-proclaimed Christians mutually slaughtering self-proclaimed Muslims\nmutually slaughtering self-proclaimed Hindus mutually slaughtering\nself-proclaimed whatevers etc etc\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is not religion - it is politics ā€¦ and of the worse kind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI have found, when properly interpreted, there is much beauty in pretty\nwell all religions. The faiths I have some idea about include Hindu,\nBuddhist, Christian, Jain, Bahai and of course Zen (which isn\u0026rsquo;t really a\nfaith, I suppose).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the most endearing descriptions of God, I have ever seen, is by\nSister Nivedita (Margaret E. Noble) regarding Shiva. In the Hindu\ntrinity, Brahma is the Creator, Vishnu the Preserver and Shiva is the\nDestroyer. Now you may think that makes Shiva a rather nasty sort of\nfellow, messing up the work of the others, but one must be clear about\nwhat this guy is really doing and Nivedita presents Shiva\u0026rsquo;s character in\na memorable way. For brevity I have summarized and rephrased parts of\nher writing:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn wild and lonely places, one may chance on the Great God. Once seen,\nthere is no mistaking Him. Yet He has no look of being rich or\npowerful. His skin is covered with white wood-ashes. His clothing is\nbut the religious wanderer\u0026rsquo;s yellow cloth. In one hand he carries the\nbegging bowl, in the others His tall staff, crowned with the trident.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh amongst the Himalayas is Shiva throned, rapt in silence, absorbed\nin his own eternal meditation. He is full of radiance and can cast no\nshadow. With each breath of His, it is said, worlds are created and\ndestroyed! Yet He has nothing of His own, for in all these that He has\ncreated, there is nothing - not kingship, nor wealth, nor power that\ncould for a moment tempt Him to claim it. One desire alone, has He, to\ndestroy the ignorance of souls, to dispel the darkness so that in all\nthe worlds, there is no longer blindness and sin.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is by the face of the Great God, that we may know Him. One look is\nenough: that radiance of knowledge, one glance from the pity and\ntenderness in His benign eyes. It is impossible to think of the Great\nGod as being angry. He sees only two things, insight and want of\ninsight. Whatever be our sin and error, He longs only to reveal to us\nits cause, that we may not be left to wander in the dark. His is the\ninfinite compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn matters of the world, He is but simple, asking nothing in worship.\nHis offerings are only bael leaves and water. And He will accept these\nin any form: the tears of the sorrowful are to Him like the pure water\nof his offering.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe keeps for Himself only those who would otherwise wander unclaimed.\nHe rides, not on horse or elephant, but on a shabby old bull. Because\nthe serpents were rejected by all others, did He allow them to twine\nabout His neck. And amongst human beings, all the crooked and\nhunchbacked and lame and squint-eyed, He regards as His very own. For\nloneliness and deformity and poverty are passwords sufficient to the\nheart of the Great God. And He, who asks nothing in return, He the\nLord of the Animals, who refuses none that come to Him sincerely, He\nwill give His very Self, with all its sweetness and illumination,\nmerely on the plea of our longing or our need.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow, I hope you don\u0026rsquo;t, for a moment, think this guy\u0026rsquo;s a sissy. I would\ngive a path of wide respect to anyone who can create and destroy entire\nworlds with a single breath! All the other gods certainly did!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEver the destroyer of Ignorance, Shiva arises to slay our \u0026lsquo;beloved\u0026rsquo;,\nwhich is our vanity, our greed, and our fear. In the middle of His brow\nshines the great Third Eye of spiritual vision with which He pierces all\nhypocrisy and sham. With one glance, He can burn to ashes, that which is\nuntrue, for though simple in worldly matters, in spiritual things He can\nnever be deceived.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYet, this is only half the story of the divine. In Shiva manifests the\nconcept of perceptive knowledge, known as Jnana. However, standing with\nhim is his consort, Maha Shakti, the Primal Force. Together, He and She,\nInsight and Strength are perpetually entwined, each part of the other,\neach honoring the other, and together giving meaning to existence itself\nā€¦ cosmic soulmates engaged in the eternal dance of the universe!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Pradbird", "date_published": "2022-03-27T19:26:32-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-27T19:26:32-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/pradbird/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/pradbird/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWe used to live near the water when we moved in 1995 to Duncan, BC on\nKhenipsen Road, beside a First Nations area. It was a very nice place,\nexcept for the hunting and fishing that took place there.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnfortunately, not only were these activities legalized, but there were\nmany instances of illegal killings as well. That\u0026rsquo;s what this is -\nkilling regardless of the euphemisms used or the appeal to Indigenous\n\u0026lsquo;rights\u0026rsquo; that are often put forth as an excuse to commit murder. [For\nmore thorough discussions on this Indigenous issue, see KG\u0026rsquo;s\n\u003ca href=\"file:///iwrters/kg/arvegfaq/\"\u003eFAQ\u003c/a\u003e.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdmittedly, some of the First Nation population do kill animals\nnecessarily for food, because our dominant ruling class stole their\nlands and forced inexcusable indignities upon them. Our politicians pay\nmere lipservice, bravadoing putrid political properness, accomplishing\nlittle else to improve the often horrible living conditions. No amount\nof redundant repetition of \u0026ldquo;We greet you from the unceded lands of ā€¦\u0026rdquo;\nblather does anything useful for those who can\u0026rsquo;t subsist on such\nwell-meaning words.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the other hand, some murders in societies are for cultural and\ntraditional reasons, indefensible by any deplorable debate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe person we rented our house from was a lawyer and had made some\nattempts to ban hunting in the area at least for non-Indigenous\nindividuals. However, he was in favor of fishing. When my son Kyron, who\nhad recently turned six asked him why killing fish should be allowed, he\nprovided an anthropocentricity remarkable in its absurdity: \u0026ldquo;The fish\nwould just go to waste if we didn\u0026rsquo;t harvest them.\u0026rdquo; Adults lie to kids a\nlot which is likely why many kids grow up to be adults who lie to kids a\nlot, repeating the cycle in perpetuity. Kyron gave the lawyer a sincere\nlook of disgust and decided he wasn\u0026rsquo;t worth talking to any further.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe shooting of eagles, at that time, had been made illegal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn late November 1995, we witnessed such a illegality. Kyron and his\nfriend Leia drew our attention to an eagle they saw plummeting into the\nestuary, just in front of our house. The bird was flopping around in the\nwater.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFortunately, the property had a canoe (in dubious condition) that I\nutilized to go out to the bird. The eagle actually helped me to put him\ninto the canoe by grasping the side with his beak as I used an oar to\nlift him in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy now, the canoe was starting to fill up with water. Trying to\nmanoeuvre a half-filled boat apparently made quite a sight. I was told\nthat Leia started to laugh and asked Kyron why I was going around in\ncircles. All Kyron said was \u0026ldquo;My daddy is doing good.\u0026rdquo; This is one of the\nbest gifts any parent can ever receive from his or her child.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvidence kept the boat barely afloat till we got to shore, but it was\nevident that the eagle was going to need medical help. That night, I\ndrove him to Nanaimo where there was a eagle rehab facility.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI thought the bird would be safe now, but was astonished to learn that\nthe veterinarian there, was inclined to kill him, because he thought the\nbullet had broken a wing bone beyond repair, making the bird unable to\nfly. He wouldn\u0026rsquo;t let me take the bird elsewhere either. He was a\nhigh-profile vet who had set many of the wildlife guidelines through the\ngovernment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe kept saying he was powerless to make any other decision, but didn\u0026rsquo;t\nseem too pleased when I offered to break into the facility to take the\nbird without his knowledge, thus relieving him of this burden his\nconscience was so weighed down with.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTherefore, the next day I started phoning around trying to see what the\nactual laws were, only to learn that the vet had the upper hand,\nlegally.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the same day, we also found out, from a conservation officer named\nJamie that the eagle had likely been shot because some brave braves, no\ndoubt were upholding their rite of passage into bravehood, by plucking\neagle feathers. It was likely that they didn\u0026rsquo;t come for the eagle they\nshot, because they saw I was heading out and didn\u0026rsquo;t want to risk being\ncaught for their illegal activity. The officer took down any details I\ncould provide, because he was keenly interested in going after these\nculprits.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the law is there to work against you, it is necessary to create\nalternative approaches.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI found 5 facilities throughout North America (including one within 50km\nof where the eagle was at), who were willing to take the bird, even if\nhe couldn\u0026rsquo;t fly. These facilities were sanctuaries for animals who could\nnot be released into the wild. I also tried to put some pressure on the\ngovernment\u0026rsquo;s Ministry for Wildlife as to the ridiculous position they\nwere upholding, specifically fly or die!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter many exchanges (part of the effort is to wear down the opposition\nwith argumentation and revelation of possible legal, publicized future\nactions), I received a phone call from the Ministry saying they would\nonly kill the eagle if amputation was absolutely necessary ā€¦ so the\nsanctuary finding effort likely paid off.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, our eagle had other ideas!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe next day, I received a call from the Nanaimo rehab facility saying\nthat the surgery had been done and our vet felt that amputation was not\nnecessary. He wanted to give the bird a chance to recover before release\ninto the wild.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeveral weeks later, the facility called me again asking if I would like\nto come up to see the release of whom they had named, Pradbird!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron, Ranjana and I drove to Nanaimo on the appointed day and just\nbefore they released Pradbird, the person who ran the sanctuary held him\nright in front of us. The eagle looked straight at me and gave a cry.\nThen they threw him into the air and he flew off, landing on a branch of\na distant tree!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana likes to think that it was a cry of recognition. Perhaps it was.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Spirit of the Tao", "date_published": "2022-03-27T13:10:37-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-27T13:10:37-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/the-spirit-of-the-tao/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/the-spirit-of-the-tao/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA small book with many large ideas that are universally valid.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTaoist teachings have arisen in many forms: abstract\naphorisms, philosophical discussions, legends, fablesā€”even jokes. All\nare represented here, culled from the most popular Taoist classics: the\nTao-te Ching, Chuang-tzu, Huai-nan-tzu, and Wen-tzu, stories from the\n\u0026ldquo;Tales of Inner Meaning,\u0026rdquo; and teachings of the Taoist patriarch Ancestor\nLu. The spirit of the Tao manifests in myriad images, brought to life in\nthis superb translationā€”from the ever-keen blade of a Taoist butcher to\nthe mechanical miracles of inventor Ken Shiwa, from little boys baiting\nthe great Confucius to mountain hermits disappearing in the mist, from\nthe six robber organs that obscure the primordial to the ineffable\nmystery of mysteries.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Spirit-Tao-Thomas-Cleary/dp/1570623708\"\u003eAmazon\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Stone", "date_published": "2022-03-27T13:06:37-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-27T13:06:37-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-stone/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-stone/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eNanak was a travelling guru. He visited many places in India, Arabia and\nMesopotamia.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn Mecca is the Ka\u0026rsquo;aba, the sacred stone of the Muslims.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne morning nanak was found sleeping with his feet turned to the stone!\nSome Muslims were furious!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;How dare you be so insulting! How dare you sleep with you feet towards\nthe face of God!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGently, Nanak says: \u0026ldquo;Very well then. Turn my feet to where God is not.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"file:///ibrarys/philosophy/pictures-from-mystics/\"\u003ePictures From\nMystics\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Ailment", "date_published": "2022-03-27T13:03:23-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-27T13:03:23-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-ailment/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-ailment/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe following is a well-known tale from the\n\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liezi\"\u003eLiezi\u003c/a\u003e attributed to Taoist \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lie_Yukou\"\u003eLie\nYukou\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt appears in various translations such as A.C. Graham\u0026rsquo;s \u003ca href=\"http://s3.amazonaws.com/arena-attachments/2393326/8c8a1777d9a459239f4ecc248c49ca61.pdf?1530831574\"\u003eThe Book of\nLieh-tzu\u003c/a\u003e\n(p82 pdf) and Eva Wong\u0026rsquo;s \u003ca href=\"https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/575602.Lieh_tzu\"\u003eLieh-tzu: A Taoist Guide to Practical\nLiving\u003c/a\u003e. The\nfollowing is quoted from the Thomas Cleary translation (details provided\nat the end):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLung Shu said to the physician Wen Chi, \u0026ldquo;Your art is subtle. I have an\nailment; can you cure it?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe physician said, \u0026ldquo;I will do as you say, but first tell me about\nyour symptoms.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLung Shu said, \u0026ldquo;I am not honoured when the whole village praises me,\nnor am I ashamed when the whole country criticises me. Gain does not\nmake me happy, loss does not grieve me. I look upon life as like\ndeath, and see wealth as like poverty. I view people as like pigs, and\nsee myself as like others. At home I am as though at an inn, and I\nlook upon my native village as like a foreign country. With these\nafflictions, rewards cannot encourage me, punishments cannot threaten\nme. I cannot be changed by flourishing or decline, gain or loss; I\ncannot be moved by sorrow or happiness. Thus I cannot serve the\ngovernment, associate with friends, run my household, or control my\nservants. What sickness is this? Is there a way to cure it?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe physician had Lung Shu stand with his back to the light while he\nlooked into his chest. After a while he said, \u0026ldquo;Ah! I see your heart;\nit is empty! You are nearly a sage. Six of the apertures of your heart\nare open, one of them is closed. This may be why you think the wisdom\nof a sage is an ailment. It cannot be stopped by my shallow art.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"file:///ibrarys/philosophy/the-spirit-of-the-tao/\"\u003eThe Spirit of the\nTao\u003c/a\u003e - Thomas Cleary\n(1998) - Shambala IBSN 1-57062-370-8\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe think there is much merit in not being affected by things like\ncriticism (praise is merely criticism in disguise), reward or\npunishment. Also, the wisdom of this budding sage seems to be much\npreferable to some sages in Hindu mythology who would fly into\nremarkable rages (ie sage rage) leading to very uncivil behaviors.\nHowever, being a sage does not mean one is exempt from action - the only\nexemption is from attachment to the result of the action.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Understand Me", "date_published": "2022-03-27T12:59:51-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-27T12:59:51-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/understand-me/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/understand-me/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA zen master was teaching a class.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne fidgety student was bored and gradually got irritated, because he\nhad decided he couldn\u0026rsquo;t grasp the ideas. This is not surprising since\nzen is not something to grasp. After all, when one asks \u0026ldquo;How do you\ncarry zen?\u0026rdquo;, the answer is often \u0026ldquo;in your empty hand.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn any case, such koans were not something this student wanted to deal\nwith, so eventually he spoke out in frustration:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u0026ldquo;I can\u0026rsquo;t understand a thing you are saying.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaster looked at him while all waited in hushed silence at what the\nmaster was going to do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaster said: \u0026ldquo;Please stand up.\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\nThe student stood up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaster said: \u0026ldquo;Please come here.\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\nThe student walked to the master.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaster said: \u0026ldquo;Please sit down right here.\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\nThe student did as asked.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen master said: \u0026ldquo;There! You see how well you understand me!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeedless to say, the student progressed very well afterwards, so well,\nin fact, that one day the zen master typically threw him out the window,\nbecause there was nothing left for him to learn in that class.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"file:///ibrarys/philosophy/zen-comics/\"\u003eZen Comics\u003c/a\u003e by Ioanna\nZalajan\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Thousandfold", "date_published": "2022-03-27T10:50:39-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-27T10:50:39-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/thousandfold/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/thousandfold/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThere is a fine story of a poor old lady who was selling some fruit she\nhad gathered in order to make ends meet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs she walked back and forth on the streets calling people to come and\nbuy, the child Krishna, disguised as a beggar boy, walked up to her\nasking to eat some fruit from her basket.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe was a kind one and though it would cost her, she didn\u0026rsquo;t refuse him.\nThe child ate every one, thanked her and left!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs she wondered about her loss, she looked down at her empty basket to\nfind it was filled with jewels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo it is that when you give selflessly to Krishna [or to something\ntruly worthwhile], you are returned a thousandfold!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"file:///ibrarys/philosophy/pictures-from-mystics/\"\u003ePictures from\nMystics\u003c/a\u003e by T.L.\nVaswani\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is another version of this famous\n\u003ca href=\"http://lord-krishna.info/the-story-of-krishna-and-the-fruitseller/\"\u003estory\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Pictures From Mystics", "date_published": "2022-03-27T10:36:25-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-27T10:36:25-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/pictures-from-mystics/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/pictures-from-mystics/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA beautiful collection of short stories cross religions and cultures\ntold by Swami Vaswani that often show the way to living properly. It is\nfrom the East and West Series.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book is no longer in\nprint as far as we know, but may possibly be found in some collections.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Poor Rich Girl", "date_published": "2022-03-27T10:15:25-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-27T10:15:25-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-poor-rich-girl/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-poor-rich-girl/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eBuddha asked his disciples to help the poor during a great famine. A\nvery wealthy man spoke up, \u0026ldquo;Not all my wealth can feed the hungry -\nthere are so many!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOthers talked loud and long with great consternation wondering how they\ncould possibly solve such a dilemma even for the Buddha!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen a young girl rose to speak, \u0026ldquo;Master I am a beggar. I shall feed the\nhungry as you ask!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;You?\u0026rdquo;, many sneered. \u0026ldquo;You who are so poor. You can barely feed\nyourself. How will you feed so many?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCalmly the girl answered, \u0026ldquo;Yes I am the poorest in your midst, but am I\nnot also the richest, too? Have I not my share in the wealth of the\nwealthiest who give me alms. I shall call at every home and ask for my\nshare to go the service of the poor.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll were moved by her devotion to Buddha\u0026rsquo;s request and gave out of their\nabundance to feed the poor and the true famine was thus overcome.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"file:///ibrarys/philosophy/pictures-from-mystics/\"\u003ePictures from\nMystics\u003c/a\u003e by T.L.\nVaswani\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Zen Mind Beginners Mind", "date_published": "2022-03-27T02:11:59-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-27T02:11:59-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/zen-mind-beginners-mind/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/zen-mind-beginners-mind/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA zen literature classic that contains much wisdom and enlightenment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeldom has such a small handful of words provided a teaching\nas rich as has this famous opening line. In a single stroke, the simple\nsentence cuts through the pervasive tendency students have of getting so\nclose to Zen as to completely miss what it\u0026rsquo;s all about. An instant\nteaching on the first page. And that\u0026rsquo;s just the beginning.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Zen-Mind-Beginners-Informal-Meditation/dp/1590308492\"\u003eAmazon\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Radical Zen", "date_published": "2022-03-26T23:45:55-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-26T23:45:55-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/radical-zen/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/radical-zen/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAn intriguing book with many items about and attributed to Joshu.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ many of our standard stereotypes of the Zen Master can be\ntraced to this figureā€“irascible and blunt, down-to-earth and practical,\nprone to answer religious questions with seemingly off-the wall\nnon-sequiturs and paradoxes if not a good sharp smack in the face.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Radical-Zen-sayings-Zhaozhou-Congshen/dp/0394735129\"\u003eAmazon\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Also available for previewing as a pdf from\n\u003ca href=\"https://terebess.hu/zen/Chao-chouHoffman.pdf\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Zen Comics", "date_published": "2022-03-26T23:36:07-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-26T23:36:07-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/zen-comics/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/zen-comics/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eTruly an excellent way to encounter zen, these cartoons present many of\nthe koans delightfully!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eComics communicate the Zen spirit perfectly. Laughter deflates\npretension and a good rap on the head sometimes transcends so-called\nlogic. In the words of Zen, \u0026ldquo;Nothing is\nleft for you but to laugh!\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1152110.Zen_Comics\"\u003eGoodreads\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Prazen", "date_published": "2022-03-26T13:55:56-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-26T13:55:56-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/pranktuary/prazen/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/pranktuary/prazen/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThese are zenish short stories merrily modified from various sources.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/zen-comics/\"\u003eZen Comics\u003c/a\u003e by Ioanna Zalajan\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/radical-zen/\"\u003eRadical Zen\u003c/a\u003e: The Sayings of\nJoshu by Youl Hoffmann\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"a-man-of-enlightenment-and-wisdom\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eA man of enlightenment and wisdom \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#a-man-of-enlightenment-and-wisdom\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStudent: Oh master, where does the man of enlightenment and wisdom go\nafter he dies?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaster: How should I know?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStudent: Because you, master, are a man of enlightenment and wisdom!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaster: That may be so, but I am not dead.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"become-a-buddha\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBecome a Buddha \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#become-a-buddha\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZen master Baso, when he was young, was caught meditating all over the\nplace by his teacher who asked him \u0026ldquo;Why are you meditating so much?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBaso answered, \u0026ldquo;To become a buddha.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis teacher pick up a piece of slate and started polishing it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBaso asked, \u0026ldquo;Why are you polishing the slate so vigorously?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTeacher replied, \u0026ldquo;To turn it into a mirror.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBaso laughed, \u0026ldquo;No amount of polishing is going to turn a slate into a\nmirror?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTeacher replied, \u0026ldquo;No amount of cross-legged sitting is going to turn one\ninto a buddha\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBaso then understood.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut just to be sure, his teacher hit him with a staff on the head.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"detachment\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDetachment \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#detachment\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe student went to the zen master in elation!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Oh master,\u0026rdquo; he joyously exclaimed, \u0026ldquo;I am so happy and feel so free. I\nhave achieved detachment at last!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe master hit him on the head with a stick.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Owww!! Why did you do that?\u0026rdquo; whined the student rubbing his head.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe master said, \u0026ldquo;To detach you from your detachment\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"empty\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEmpty \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe elated student rushed in to see his master!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;I am empty! I have released my attachments!\u0026rdquo;, he exclaimed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Indeed.\u0026rdquo; said his master.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;I have no desires! I have no yearnings! I have no ego! I am empty!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe master hit him on the head with his staff.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Owww!!!\u0026rdquo;, yelled the student in pain and anger. \u0026ldquo;Why did you do that,\nold monk?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis master asked: \u0026ldquo;If you are so empty, where did all that anger come\nfrom?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"essence\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEssence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#essence\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMonk: What is the essence of essences?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJoshu: Just how long have you been essencing yourself up like this?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMonk: My concern for discovering essence has been going for a long, long\ntime.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJoshu: A fool such as you are lucky to have met me just in time, before\nyou completely essenced yourself out!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"go-away\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGo away! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#go-away\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA would-be student knocked on the gate of a zen master. The master\nopened the gate and asked: \u0026ldquo;What do you want?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe student answered: \u0026ldquo;O master you are so learned. I beg you to teach\nme!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe master slammed the gate shut.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe student knocked again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;What do you want now?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Please, please I must have you as my teacher.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAgain the master slammed the gate shut.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce again the student knocked.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;What is it now?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Master please! i really want to learn!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe master said: \u0026ldquo;Very well then\u0026rdquo; and open the gate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce inside, the elated and beaming student asked: \u0026ldquo;Master! what are you\ngoing to teach me first?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe master replied: \u0026ldquo;To go away!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand promptly threw the student out and slammed the gate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"knowledge-and-understanding\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eKnowledge and Understanding \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#knowledge-and-understanding\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the ordinary man gains knowledge, he becomes a sage.\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen the sage achieves understanding, he becomes an ordinary man.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"more-blind\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMore blind \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#more-blind\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere was an episode in the Kung Fu series from the 70s where young Kwai\nChang Caine had lost his parents. He was very sad and complained of\nloneliness to his blind teacher, Master Po. \u0026ldquo;Do you not hear the birds\nsinging?\u0026rdquo;, Po asked, \u0026ldquo;Do you not notice the crickets jumping or the\nsnakes moving in the grass? In such a crowded place, you feel you are\nalone. Now tell me, which one of us is the more blind?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"seeing-the-tao\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSeeing the tao \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#seeing-the-tao\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStudent: Master why can I not see tao?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaster: So long as there is an I, there is no seeing tao.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStudent: Master can you see tao?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaster: So long as there is you and I, tao cannot be seen.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStudent: Then if you and I disappear, can tao be seen?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaster: If you and I disappear, who is there to see tao?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"so-what-boy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSo what boy? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#so-what-boy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA monk in training says to the zen master: \u0026ldquo;Greetings master! I have\ntravelled much and studied under many acquiring much guidances and\ninsight. I come now to you for illumination!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe master scratches his head and picks up a twig on the ground. Without\nsaying anything, he gives the student the twig. The student assumes the\nzazen posture and meditates deeply. In his mind, the twig grows into a\ntree and then is produced a beautiful orchard which gradually blossoms\ninto a field, a country, the planet and finally the universe!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe goes back to the master and relates these wonders: all life is one in\nits eternal existence with everything else animate and inanimate - such\nis the ubiquitous unity of the universe!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe master scratches his head again, takes the twig from the monk\u0026rsquo;s\noutstretched hand and asks: \u0026ldquo;So what boy?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-duel\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe duel \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-duel\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn aikido master was heading to a town where he knew there was someone\ninsisting on challenging him. He could have taken the person down\neasily, but he would not let ego dictate and he passed through the\noutskirts avoiding his would-be opponent.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThus the master won the real duel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-flag\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe flag \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-flag\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA zen master and two students were walking on a path through the forest.\nas they came out of it they saw a flag pole with a large flag fluttering\nin the breeze.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne student exclaimed, \u0026ldquo;Look the flag is moving!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis companion thought for a moment and suggested, \u0026ldquo;The wind is moving!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe master said, \u0026ldquo;The mind is moving.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-precious-stone\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe precious stone \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-precious-stone\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen two dragons fight over a precious stone which one wins?\u003cbr\u003e\nThe one who loses lacks nothing. The one who gains does not need it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-two-dragons\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe two dragons \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-two-dragons\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe student went to the master with what he found to be a wonderfully\nenlightening story:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn old man told his grandson, \u0026ldquo;There is a battle between two dragons\ninside us all. One is evil. It is anger, jealousy, greed, apathy, lies,\nego and fear. The other is good. It is joy, peace, love, hope, kindness,\nhumility, empathy and truth. The boy thought about it and asked,\n\u0026ldquo;Grandpa, which dragon wins?\u0026rdquo; The old man quietly replied, \u0026ldquo;The one you\nfeed.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Such a great story, is it not master?\u0026rdquo;, concluded the student.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe master smiled and said, \u0026ldquo;It is that, but what makes you think either\ndragon is hungry?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Hugo Forum", "date_published": "2022-03-25T15:06:58-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-25T15:06:58-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/discourse/hugo-forum/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/discourse/hugo-forum/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA very advanced and functional forum for the hugo static site generator.\nThe individuals are very helpful and considerate!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Praphorisms", "date_published": "2022-03-25T12:08:14-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-25T12:08:14-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/pranktuary/praphorisms/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/pranktuary/praphorisms/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is an ever-growing list of quotations attributed to various\nindividuals throughout history.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"al-khafaji-amir-wadi\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAl-Khafaji Amir Wadi \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#al-khafaji-amir-wadi\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo my brother Faiz, whose ideals are like the stars: I could never reach\nthem, but I chart my course by them. (dedication in Numerical Methods In\nEngineering Practice)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"adams-samuel\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAdams Samuel \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#adams-samuel\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Neither the wisest constitution nor the wisest laws will secure the\nliberty and happiness of a people whose manners are universally\ncorrupt.\u0026rdquo; essay in The Public Advertiser, 1749\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"angelkate-rose\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAngelkate Rose \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#angelkate-rose\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Aka meangel; paingel; derangel; strangel; spongel because she\u0026rsquo;s such a\nsoftie when she wants to be; braingel when being\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/angelkate/time/\"\u003eintellectual\u003c/a\u003e;\npungel when being\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/angelkate/artichokle/\"\u003epunny\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was eternally safe in the stillness of forever, which was the ultimate\ntruth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGuided by your hand, illuminated by your light\u003cbr\u003e\nYou give me courage to do what is right\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLove from beyond now I understand\u003cbr\u003e\nYou only want to give when you hold out your hand\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen a fork is tunedā€¦ it is tuned.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI wasn\u0026rsquo;t sure if I would be able to take a pic of the source of creation\non a sony/canon.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHmā€¦ then neither do I!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIs it so much about what I thinkā€¦ or is it pure joy at the gift having\nbeen received with pure joy?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerhaps not so much invisibleā€¦ because when I point it outā€¦ you look in\nthat direction and see it too! \u003cstrong\u003eSees the same rainbow\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI had a pretty good devil around whom I feel angelic. ;)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe song of your soul crystalised into music. It is like there is such a\ndeep connection to the still centreā€¦ that all movement is grounded in\nthatā€¦ as that.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHymn to Her is the perfect title because it is her singing his lyricsā€¦\njust the way that he wrote themā€¦ because tracing his steps makes her\nfeel closer to himā€¦ as if they were singing together. She is not making\nthe song her ownā€¦ she is hearing his song through her own lipsā€¦ as if\ntheir minds are one in that moment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHe continues to lecture himself through her\u003c/strong\u003eā€¦ Lose the image of being\n\u0026lsquo;someone who doesn\u0026rsquo;t do this often\u0026rsquo;ā€¦ because it is not even about musicā€¦\nit is about channellingā€¦ and when channellingā€¦ there is no timeā€¦ and no\nimageā€¦ and no music.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWellā€¦ while she\u0026rsquo;s on a role\u003c/strong\u003eā€¦ When one is on the right sideā€¦ one need\nnot hit home with accuracyā€¦ but merely acknowledge that one is already\nhome!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eit is about accepting the seemingly extraordinary as ordinary.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003e==\u003c/code\u003e From: Angelkate Rose \u0026lt;angelkaterose@aol.co.uk\u0026gt; Subject: Re: Hey\n:) To: \u003ca href=\"mailto:prad@towardsfreedom.com\"\u003eprad@towardsfreedom.com\u003c/a\u003e Date: Mon, 9 Jul 2012 16:59:35 -0400\n(EDT)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI have been looking at my false-self because I cannot live with it and\nhave been trying to \u0026lsquo;change\u0026rsquo; itā€¦ but I have realised that when I change\na perception of myself to it\u0026rsquo;s opposite and supposed \u0026lsquo;positive\u0026rsquo;\nalternative, I still feel uncomfortable, disconnected and still in ego,\nplus it doesn\u0026rsquo;t feel authentic because I am also sometimes the\n\u0026rsquo;negative\u0026rsquo; thing that I am attempting to escape having a part of my\nidentity. So I realised that any identity is a limitation, because I am\nnot just one thing- I am two opposites and I am neither of them, I am\neverything and I am nothing. An identity is a set of labels and that is\nmy sufferingā€¦ so perhaps by seeing that I am both I can realise that I\nam nothing and therefore I can choose what to be in each momentā€¦ any\npreconceived idea that I have of myself veils my awareness of what I\nexist as in the momentā€¦ of what arises.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom: prad \u0026lt;prad@towardsfreedom.com\u0026gt; Subject: Re: Hey :) To: Angelkate\nRose \u0026lt;angelkaterose@aol.co.uk\u0026gt; Date: Mon, 09 Jul 2012 18:12:55 -0700\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhy not just pick an image that you find worthwhile and just be it. \u003ccode\u003e==\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"bach-richard\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBach Richard \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#bach-richard\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd then you will be ready to begin the most difficult, the most\npowerful, the most fun of all. You will be ready to begin to fly up and\nknow the meaning of kindness and love.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArgue for your limitations, and sure enough they\u0026rsquo;re yours.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t be dismayed by good-byes. A farewell is necessary before you can\nmeet again. And meeting again, after moments or lifetimes, is certain\nfor those who are friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is a test to find whether your mission on Earth is finished: If\nyou\u0026rsquo;re alive, it isn\u0026rsquo;t.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJonathan is that brilliant little fire that burns within us all, that\nlives only for those moments when we reach perfection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe bond that links your true family is not one of blood, but of respect\nand joy in each other\u0026rsquo;s life. Rarely do members of the same family grow\nup under the same roof.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"bentham-jeremy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBentham Jeremy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#bentham-jeremy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe question is not, Can they reason? nor Can they talk? but, Can they\nsuffer?ā€\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"bigg\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBigG \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#bigg\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThanks just came back from Thompson no wonder this province is ranked\nhigh for many diseases. Obesity is rampant. I honestly believe most\nhumans are not being humans anymore with all the gmo processed foods,\nmeds, booze and drugs the light is on but no one is home in many of\nthem. I think we are in the age of gmo humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"bridgeman-percy-william\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBridgeman Percy William \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#bridgeman-percy-william\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe operational approach demands that we make our reports and do our\nthinking in the freshest terms of which we are capable, in which we\nstrip off the sophistications of millenia of culture and report as\ndirectly as we can on what happens.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe attitude which the man in the street unconsciously adopts towards\nscience is capricious and varied. At one moment he scorns the scientist\nfor a highbrow, at another anathematizes him for blasphemously\nundermining his religion; but at the mention of a name like Edison he\nfalls into a coma of veneration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCoincidence is what you have left over when you apply a bad theory.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[He believed that through such pursuit humanity really will improve,\nthat it would acquire a \u0026ldquo;courageous nobility\u0026rdquo;]\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd in the end, when man has fully partaken of the fruit of the tree of\nknowledge, there will be this difference between the first Eden and the\nlast, that man will not become as a god, but remain forever humble.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"cowper-william\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCowper William \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cowper-william\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLife owes us nothing. We owe life everything. The only true happiness\ncomes from squandering ourselves for a [worthwhile] purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"dijkstra-edsger\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDijkstra Edsger \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dijkstra-edsger\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe question of whether machines can think is about as relevant as the\nquestion of whether submarines can swim.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"dunham-barrows\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDunham Barrows \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dunham-barrows\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHistorically speaking, the content of philosophy is what is left over\nafter the sciences departed. Nobody took ethics, not even the\nsociologists; nobody took logic; nobody took esthetics, nobody took (for\nwho would want?) metaphysics. These subjects, therefore, remain part of\nphilosophy\u0026rsquo;s content, despite the fact that the mathematicians eye logic\ncovetously and the gentlemen of the fine arts would like to ravish\nesthetics. The subjects themselves, I am happy to report, have thus far\nresisted all blandishments. (from Man Against Myth p.11)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"emerson-haven\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEmerson Haven \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#emerson-haven\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[The following gem is from an address given in 1928 by Dr. Haven\nEmerson, Columbia University]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYouth is not a time of life. It is a state of mind. It is not a matter\nof ripe cheeks, red lips and supple knees. It is a temper of the will, a\nquality of the imagination, a vigor of the motions. Youth means a\ntemperamental predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite for\nadventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 50 more\nthan in a youth of 20. Nobody grows old by merely living a number of\nyears. People grow old only by deserting their ideals. Years wrinkle the\nskin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, doubt,\nself-distrust, fear and despair - these are the long years that bow the\nhead and turn the growing spirit back to dust. You are as young as your\nself-confidence, as old as your fear; as young as your hope, as old as\nyour despair.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"emerson-ralph-waldo\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEmerson Ralph Waldo \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#emerson-ralph-waldo\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is one of the most beautiful compensations of life, that no man can\nsincerely try to help another without helping himself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"einstein-albert\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEinstein Albert \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#einstein-albert\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not\ncertain; and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlthough I am a typical loner in daily life, my consciousness of\nbelonging to the invisible community of those who strive for truth,\nbeauty, and justice keeps me from feeling isolated. (Courtesy of Miriam)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"cinderella-disney-2015\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCinderella (Disney 2015) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cinderella-disney-2015\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI believe that animals listen and speak to us if we only have the ear\nfor it. That\u0026rsquo;s how we learn to look after them ā€¦ I have to tell you a\nsecret that will see you through all the trials that life can offer.\nHave courage and be kind.\u003cbr\u003e\n~ Ella\u0026rsquo;s mother\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJust because it\u0026rsquo;s what\u0026rsquo;s done doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean it\u0026rsquo;s what should be done!\u003cbr\u003e\n~ Ella\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd so Kit and Ella were married. And I can tell you, as her fairy\ngodmother, that they were counted to be the fairest and kindest rulers\nthe kingdom had known. And Ella continued to see the world not as it is,\nbut as it could be, if only you believe in courage, and kindness, and\noccasionally, just a little bitā€¦ of magic.\u003cbr\u003e\n~ Ella\u0026rsquo;s fairy godmother\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"francis-of-assissi\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFrancis of Assissi \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#francis-of-assissi\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll the darkness in the world cannot extinguish the light of a single\ncandle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you have men who will exclude any of God\u0026rsquo;s creatures from the shelter\nof compassion and pity, you will have men who deal likewise with their\nfellow men. Not to hurt our humble brethren is our first duty to them,\nbut to stop there is not enough. We have a higher mission - to be of\nservice to them wherever they require it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLord, grant me the strength to accept the things I cannot change, the\ncourage to change the things I can, and the wisdom to know the\ndifference.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLord, make me an instrument of thy peace. Where there is hatred, let me\nsow love, Where there is injury, pardon; Where there is doubt, faith;\nWhere there is despair, hope; Where there is darkness, light; And where\nthere is sadness, joy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eO Divine Master, grant that I may not so much seek to be consoled as to\nconsole, to be understood as to understand, to be loved, as to love.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor it is in giving that we receive, It is in pardoning that we are\npardoned, and it is in dying that we are born to eternal life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"frank-anne\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFrank Anne \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#frank-anne\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow wonderful it is that nobody need wait a single moment before\nstarting to improve the world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLook at how a single candle can both defy and define the darkness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWomen should be respected as well! Generally speaking, men are held in\ngreat esteem in all parts of the world, so why shouldn\u0026rsquo;t women have\ntheir share? Soldiers and war heroes are honored and commemorated,\nexplorers are granted immortal fame, martyrs are revered, but how many\npeople look upon women too as soldiers?ā€¦Women, who struggle and suffer\npain to ensure the continuation of the human race, make much tougher and\nmore courageous soldiers than all those big-mouthed freedom-fighting\nheroes put together!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI know what I want, I have a goal, an opinion, I have a religion and\nlove. Let me be myself and then I am satisfied. I know that Iā€™m a woman,\na woman with inward strength and plenty of courage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoys will be boys. And even that wouldn\u0026rsquo;t matter if only we could\nprevent girls from being girls.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEarning happiness means doing good and working, not speculating and\nbeing lazy. Laziness may look inviting, but only work gives you true\nsatisfaction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeople who have a religion should be glad, for not everyone has the gift\nof believing in heavenly things.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"franklin-benjamin\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFranklin Benjamin \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#franklin-benjamin\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDebates [should] be conducted in the sincere spirit of inquiry after\ntruth, without [ā€¦] desire of victory.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"galbraith-john\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGalbraith John \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#galbraith-john\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnder capitalism, man exploits man. Under communism, it\u0026rsquo;s just the\nopposite.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"gale-donald\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGale Donald \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#gale-donald\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA pessimist, they say, sees a glass of water as being half empty; an\noptimist sees the same glass as half full. But a giving person sees a\nglass of water and starts looking for someone who might be thirsty.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"gandi-mahatma\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGandi Mahatma \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#gandi-mahatma\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then\nyou win.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn error does not become truth by reason of multiplied propagation, nor\ndoes truth become error because nobody sees it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEven if you are a minority of one, the truth is the truth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen I despair, I remember that all through history the ways of truth\nand love have always won. There have been tyrants, and murderers, and\nfor a time they can seem invincible, but in the end they always fall.\nThink of it - always.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is better to be violent, if there is violence in our hearts, than to\nput on the cloak of nonviolence to cover impotence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy nonviolence does not admit of running away from danger and leaving\ndear ones unprotected. Between violence and cowardly flight, I can only\nprefer violence to cowardice. I can no more preach nonviolence to a\ncoward than I can tempt a blind man to enjoy healthy scenes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne needs to be slow to form convictions, but once formed they must be\ndefended against the heaviest odds.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNon-cooperation with evil is as much a duty as is cooperation with good.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the\nway its animals are treated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI abhor vivisection with my whole soul. All the scientific discoveries\nstained with innocent blood I count as of no consequence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExperience teaches that animal food is unsuited to those who would curb\ntheir passions. But it is wrong to over-estimate the importance of food\nin the formation of character or in subjugating the flesh.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI hold today the same opinion as I held then. To my mind, the life of a\nlamb is no less precious than that of a human being.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI hold flesh-food to be unsuited to our species. We err in copying the\nlower animal world if we are superior to it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI do feel that spiritual progress does demand at some stage that we\nshould cease to kill our fellow creatures for the satisfaction of our\nbodily wants.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA \u0026lsquo;No\u0026rsquo; uttered from the deepest conviction is better than a \u0026lsquo;Yes\u0026rsquo; merely\nuttered to please, or worse, to avoid trouble.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"gell-mann-murray\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGell-Mann Murray \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#gell-mann-murray\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, history shows clearly that humanity is moved forward not by\npeople who stop every little while to try to gauge the ultimate success\nor failure of their ventures, but by those who think deeply about what\nis right and then put all their energy into doing it\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"gibran-kahil\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGibran Kahil \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#gibran-kahil\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTenderness and kindness are not signs of weakness and despair, but\nmanifestations of strength and resolution.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"gould-glenn\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGould Glenn \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#gould-glenn\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe purpose of art is not the release of a momentary ejection of\nadrenaline but rather the gradual, lifelong construction of a state of\nwonder and serenity. (In his recordings, Gould sought to overcome our\nbasis instincts and encourage a kind of altered state of consciousness,\na participation in some kind of higher unity.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIsolation is the indispensable component of human happiness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTheirs [the Beatles] is a happy, cocky, belligerently resourceless\nbrand of harmonic primitivismā€¦ In the Liverpudlian repertoire, the\nindulged amateurishness of the musical material, though closely rivaled\nby the indifference of the performing style, is actually surpassed only\nby the ineptitude of the studio production method. (Strawberry Fields\nsuggests a chance encounter at a mountain wedding between Claudio\nMonteverdi and a jug band.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI detest audiences - not in their individual components, but en masse I\ndetest audiences. I think they\u0026rsquo;re a force of evil. It seems to me rule\nof mob law.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe nature of the contrapuntal experience is that every note has to have\na past and a future on the horizontal plane.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe went out in the boat and I was the first to catch a fish and when the\nlittle perch came up and started wriggling about, I suddenly saw this\nthing entirely from the fish\u0026rsquo;s point of view - it was such a powerful\nexperience. I picked up my fish, and said I was going to throw it back.\nAt that moment - this has remained with me as a sort of block against\npeople who exert influence over children - the father [a neighbor from\nUptergrove] suddenly pushed me back into my seat, probably for the\nsensible reason that I was rocking the boat. Then he took the fish out\nof my reach at which I went into a tantrum and started jumping and up\nand down, stomping my feet and pulling my hair and stuff like that. And\nI kept it up until we got into shore. I refused to speak to those\nchildren for the rest of the summer, of course, and I immediately went\nto work on my father to convince him that he should abandon fishing. It\ntook me ten years, but this is probably the greatest thing I have ever\ndone.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"graham-collier\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGraham Collier \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#graham-collier\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe influence of a beautiful, helpful character is contagious, and may\nrevolutionize a whole town.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"grenfell-wilfred\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGrenfell Wilfred \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#grenfell-wilfred\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe service we render to others is really the rent we pay for our room\non this earth. It is obvious that man is himself a traveler; that the\npurpose of this world is not \u0026ldquo;to have and to hold\u0026rdquo; but \u0026ldquo;to give and\nserve.\u0026rdquo; There can be no other meaning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"huxley-thomas-henry\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHuxley Thomas Henry \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#huxley-thomas-henry\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is the fate of all good science to be replaced by its progeny.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is but one right, and the possibilities of wrong are infinite.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ultimate court of appeal is observation and experimentā€¦ not\nauthority.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe scientific spirit is of more value than its products, and\nirrationally held truths may be more harmful than reasoned errors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe only question which any wise man can ask himself, and which any\nhonest man will ask himself, is whether a doctrine is true or false.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTime, whose tooth gnaws away everything else, is powerless against\ntruth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTry to learn something about everything and everything about something.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScience is simply common sense at its best, that is, rigidly accurate in\nobservation, and merciless to fallacy in logic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSit down before fact as a little child, be prepared to give up every\nconceived notion, follow humbly wherever and whatever abysses nature\nleads, or you will learn nothing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTeach a child what is wise, that is morality. Teach him what is wise and\nbeautiful, that is religion!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe politicians tell us, ā€™You must educate the masses because they are\ngoing to be masters.ā€™ The clergy join in the cry for education, for they\naffirm that the people are drifting away from church and chapel into the\nbroadest infidelity. The manufacturers and the capitalists swell the\nchorus lustily. They declare that ignorance makes bad workmen; that\nEngland will soon be unable to turn out cotton goods, or steam engines,\ncheaper than other people; and then, Ichabod! Ichabod! The glory will be\ndeparted from us. And a few voices are lifted up in favour of the\ndoctrine that the masses should be educated because they are men and\nwomen with unlimited capacities of being, doing, and suffering, that it\nis as true now, as it ever was, that the people perish for lack of\nknowledge.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"jake\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eJake \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#jake\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat this serves to demonstrate, is that just because an action is more\ndrastic, does not mean that it\u0026rsquo;s more effective. Burning down one\nfactory farm and getting caught doesn\u0026rsquo;t make you a hero to animals, it\nmakes you a hero to your target\u0026rsquo;s competitors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you allocate your sloth wisely, productivity ensues.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMake compassion a reflex!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"king-martin-luther\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eKing Martin Luther \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#king-martin-luther\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe do not need allies who are more devoted to order than to justice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNever, never be afraid to do what\u0026rsquo;s right, especially if the well-being\nof a person or animal is at stake. Society\u0026rsquo;s punishments are small\ncompared to the wounds we inflict on our soul when we look the other\nway.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA genuine leader is not a searcher for consensus but a molder of\nconsensus.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChange does not roll in on the wheels of inevitability, but comes\nthrough continuous struggle. And so we must straighten our backs and\nwork for our freedom. A man can\u0026rsquo;t ride you unless your back is bent.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA right delayed is a right denied.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlmost always, the creative dedicated minority has made the world\nbetter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn individual has not started living until he can rise above the narrow\nconfines of his individualistic concerns to the broader concerns of all\nhumanity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust, and\nwho willingly accepts the penalty of imprisonment in order to arouse the\nconscience of the community over its injustice, is in reality expressing\nthe highest respect for the law.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEvery man must decide whether he will walk in the light of creative\naltruism or in the darkness of destructive selfishness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFreedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded\nby the oppressed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe who passively accepts evil is as much involved in it as he who helps\nto perpetrate it. He who accepts evil without protesting against it is\nreally cooperating with it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHistory will have to record that the greatest tragedy of this period of\nsocial transition was not the strident clamor of the bad people, but the\nappalling silence of the good people.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI believe that unarmed truth and unconditional love will have the final\nword in reality. This is why right, temporarily defeated, is stronger\nthan evil triumphant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a\nnation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by\nthe content of their character.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI refuse to accept the view that mankind is so tragically bound to the\nstarless midnight of racism and war that the bright daybreak of peace\nand brotherhood can never become a realityā€¦ I believe that unarmed truth\nand unconditional love will have the final word.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI submit to you that if a man hasn\u0026rsquo;t discovered something that he will\ndie for, he isn\u0026rsquo;t fit to live.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the End, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the\nsilence of our friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInjustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt may be true that the law cannot make a man love me, but it can keep\nhim from lynching me, and I think that\u0026rsquo;s pretty important.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLife\u0026rsquo;s most persistent and urgent question is, \u0026lsquo;What are you doing for\nothers?\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNever forget that everything Hitler did in Germany was legal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNonviolence is a powerful and just weapon. which cuts without wounding\nand ennobles the man who wields it. It is a sword that heals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNothing in all the world is more dangerous than sincere ignorance and\nconscientious stupidity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePhilanthropy is commendable, but it must not cause the philanthropist to\noverlook the circumstances of economic injustice which make philanthropy\nnecessary.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe hottest place in Hell is reserved for those who remain neutral in\ntimes of great moral conflict.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEverybody can be great, because anybody can serve. You don\u0026rsquo;t have to\nhave a college degree to serve. You don\u0026rsquo;t have to make your subject and\nverb agree to serve. You only need a heart full of grace. A soul\ngenerated by love.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single\ngarment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly, affects all\nindirectly. This is the interrelated structure of all reality. You can\nnever be what you ought to be until I become what I ought to be.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne day the absurdity of the almost universal human belief in the\nslavery of other animals will be palpable. We shall then have discovered\nour souls and become worthier of sharing this planet with them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe must accept finite disappointment, but never lose infinite hope.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere comes a time when silence is betrayal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf a man is called to be a street sweeper, he should sweep streets even\nas a Michaelangelo painted, or Beethoven composed music or Shakespeare\nwrote poetry. He should sweep streets so well that all the hosts of\nheaven and earth will pause to say, \u0026lsquo;Here lived a great street sweeper\nwho did his job well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"lincoln-abraham\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLincoln Abraham \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lincoln-abraham\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBetter to remain silent and be thought a fool than to speak out and\nremove all doubt.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"mckee-jamie\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMcKee Jamie \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#mckee-jamie\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow can I have a bad day?! I love this game!\n(Speaking it the 1960s at the Boulevard Club, Toronto, ON about badminton when asked why he never has a bad day.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"mohammed-renea\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMohammed Renea \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#mohammed-renea\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn Motherā€™s Day, we celebrate the fierce love, tenderness, and devotion that mothers bring into the world. Itā€™s also a moment to remember the animal mothers whose stories are rarely toldā€”those separated from their babies in laboratories, where both are used in experiments they never chose and cannot escape.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese mothers bond. They protect. They grieve. They feel fear, stress, and pain. Their babies do too. Love and emotion are not human inventions; they are shared across species, woven into the fabric of life itself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eToday is a reminder that we can choose a kinder path. Modern nonā€‘animal research methods already existā€”methods that are not only more humane, but also more accurate, more efficient, and less expensive. Compassion and scientific progress are not opposites; they can move forward together.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis Motherā€™s Day, may we honour all mothers by speaking up for those who cannot speak for themselves, and by supporting alternatives that spare animals from suffering while advancing human health with greater precision and humanity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e[Wording Polished by Perplexity AI]\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"moynihan-patrick\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMoynihan Patrick \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#moynihan-patrick\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou are entitled to your opinion. But you are not entitled to your own\nfacts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"newton-issac\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNewton Issac \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#newton-issac\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was like a boy playing on the sea-shore, and diverting myself now and\nthen finding a smoother pebble or a prettier shell than ordinary, whilst\nthe great ocean of truth lay all undiscovered before me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"nickep\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNickep \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#nickep\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI feel that we need assertive affirmations and commanding paragraphs,\nwhich take authority and \u0026lsquo;slam down\u0026rsquo; our opponents viewpoints. The\nreason for this, is that the opposition has some evil memes, and that\nthey need to be broken. the way to do this isn\u0026rsquo;t by defending ourselves\nfrom their rants; and thus we explain ourselves to the nth degree: which\ndoes the opposite of what we intend. But to face our situations and\nforce them to break their own statements which were irrational, and get\nthem to see the truth in what we\u0026rsquo;re sayingā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSee, people who advocate animal abuse and animal suffering, through\nvivisection and experiments, or for what we aren\u0026rsquo;t designed to eat, as\nfood, aren\u0026rsquo;t evil, but mislead and brainwashed, we could easily break\ntheir propaganda, which is showing itself in insecurity in their views,\nand also to be both socially independant and vegan.. see, most of the\nopposition, that aren\u0026rsquo;t in authority, aren\u0026rsquo;t \u0026rsquo;evil\u0026rsquo; or doing it for\ncruelty, but that cruelty is a byproduct that they don\u0026rsquo;t actually see\neach day and thus aren\u0026rsquo;t reminded of it - they do it because it\u0026rsquo;s\nsocially acceptable, and they don\u0026rsquo;t feel secure enough to make their own\nindependent thoughtsā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, the fact is that we need to be authoritative and command\nsubliminallly in our propositions, and our conclusions will naturally\nform in their minds as if that was their own ideasā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"nietzsche-friedrich\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNietzsche Friedrich \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#nietzsche-friedrich\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIdleness is the parent of psychology.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"niemƶller-martin\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNiemƶller Martin \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#niem%c3%b6ller-martin\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst they came for the communists,\u003cbr\u003e\nand I didn\u0026rsquo;t speak out because I wasn\u0026rsquo;t a communist.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen they came for the trade unionists,\u003cbr\u003e\nand I didn\u0026rsquo;t speak out because I wasn\u0026rsquo;t a trade unionist.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen they came for the Jews,\u003cbr\u003e\nand I didn\u0026rsquo;t speak out because I wasn\u0026rsquo;t a Jew.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen they came for me\u003cbr\u003e\nand there was no one left to speak out for me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"pope-john-paul-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePope John Paul 2 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pope-john-paul-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFreedom consists not in doing what we like, but in having the right to\ndo what we ought.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"poppins-mary\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePoppins Mary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#poppins-mary\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePractically perfect people never allow sentiment to muddle their\nthinking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"prad\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eprad \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#prad\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI will spark your sanity, you temper my madness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose who talk a lot but do little suffer from a condition known as\nyapathy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImpact need not be flamboyant. It can be subtle and stealthy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJustice has no need for compassion nor does it need to be blind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeople wanting to get to heaven is likely why hell is so crowded.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe head is harder to hit, but can be made ineffective if you take the\nbody out from underneath.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompassion: It is illogical to think that the way to bring about\ncompassion is by being compassionate. To eliminate villainy, you will\nlikely have to get your hands dirty. So chill!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePopular opinion: One should never be swayed by popular opinion. There is\nnothing wrong with having popular opinion see you as immoral or worse.\nPopular opinion is generally immoral in itself since it is guided by\nwhat people want to believe than what is ethical.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes in some situations, more people choose to believe what is\nethical than what is convenient.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is nothing decent about appearing to be decent.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat one should be guided by are not the opinions of others but by\nestablished values that don\u0026rsquo;t change according to one\u0026rsquo;s whims and\nfancies. This approach handles the fact that people who like Trump and\nPutin don\u0026rsquo;t care what others think, but unfortunately, also don\u0026rsquo;t care\nabout any values. Thus, they take a good thing and turn it into a bad\none.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYAAAAAY: You Are An Awkward Animation Are You\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExpect and insist on the best from others and you will never be\ndisappointed with yourself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMight may not be right, but might can certainly make right.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaking things happen from within a system is possible. Doing the same\nfrom outside the system is also possible. However participating in the\nsystem you are trying to change may prove to be difficult simply because\nthere are vested interests that can get in the way.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf one is going for something worthwhile that others cannot see then it\nis silly to be concerned about what others are thinking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn any endeavor, it is counterproductive to worry about whether one will\nbe successful or not, for doing so tends to mess up one\u0026rsquo;s strategy. It\u0026rsquo;s\na bit like driving in that thinking about the destination is not a good\nidea when you\u0026rsquo;re supposed to be paying attention to the road.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose who violate the gold rule are no longer entitled to the protection\nit offers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShowing neutrality in the face of brutality is an atrocity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeace and love may work fine when the other side cooperates, but if they\ndon\u0026rsquo;t they should be helped.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEngineers don\u0026rsquo;t make mistakes! They only increase their tolerances.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is little point in appearing to be ethical when fighting that\nwhich is unethical: your personal purity is better grown in a petri\ndish.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is no right way to do the wrong thing, but there are many wrong\nways to do the right thing. When doing the right thing, there may be\nmerit in choosing some of those \u0026lsquo;wrong\u0026rsquo; ways. The ends can justify the\nmeans and those who are excessively attached to their \u0026lsquo;high\u0026rsquo; morals\noften do the victims of injustice an unforgivable disservice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u0026lsquo;good\u0026rsquo; are far too busy acting good to do any good.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo point in being a good person if you are unwilling to be a better one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t complain unless you really have something to complain about. If\nyou do, then figure out what to do about it, instead of complaining.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is difficult to get on with things that matter when one spends time\non those that don\u0026rsquo;t.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe universe waits not for the sanction of our beliefs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrefer to be a monster in a good cause than be a saint in a monstrous one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLook for the pradeal instead of rushing in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLove and compassion would have a better chance of taking hold if their\nadvocates were a little less loving and a little less compassionate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you want to clean house, you are going to have to get your hands\ndirty and take out the trash.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrue happiness is having our systems work efficiently and effectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeing addicted is yet another self-indulgent act.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePsychological damage is more practical than physical damage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerfection is being true to worthwhile values by translating them to\naction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNever accept someone for who they are, for they are not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrust no one, including this one!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Les Miserable phrase \u0026ldquo;to love another person is to see the face of\ngod\u0026rdquo; is a reasonably good one, but the order is backwards. Only when you\nhave made yourself worthy to see the face of god, does love come into\nit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHercules, Hunchback, Mermaid by Disney bring out very profound ethical\nvalues as well as zen. Hercules for instance becomes a \u0026lsquo;sage\u0026rsquo; when he is\ntransformed into a god through his nobility, but chooses to be mortal\nthrough understanding and thereby an ordinary man.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing the excuse that no one is perfect because everyone kills microbes\nand steps on insects is like whining about background radiation. The\nphysicist tries to minimize it and thereby sees the truth of reality\nbetter. You can\u0026rsquo;t do anything about some things, but there\u0026rsquo;s a lot you\ncan do much about - and that\u0026rsquo;s how you do get to see the truth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo only that which aligns with your purpose. Do not define your\npurpose though for you can only do things that are in alignment with\nyour purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is bad enough that people who know something, talk nonsense about\nit. Far worse is when those who know nothing about something talk the\nsame way.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRotten apples should not be seen as something for the garbage, but as\nfuel for the compost.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe only worthwhile opinion is a correct one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome have a desperate need to be ridiculous.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSociety tends to honor its live conformers and its dead reformers. You\ndon\u0026rsquo;t have to be dead though to be honored. Radicals do pay the price\nof being labelled fanatical and that\u0026rsquo;s a pretty good honor.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReimbursement need not necessarily be made to the benefactor. A\nsocietial or evolutionary contribution is often of greater value.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnything that has the strong potential of evil may well be evil.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen info was scarce, people wanted the truth. Now that it\u0026rsquo;s not, they\nwant truth to be customized.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of us do things on the spur of the last moment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlanting a curse on someone is likely not going to be an intelligent\neffort. Without understanding the way mechanisms work, it can be very\ncounterproductive to want things to turn out a certain way. Say there\nis a certain group of people with a bad member in it. One of them\nwishes a curse upon the bad person to die miserably and alone. While\nthe idea may possibly have some appeal, it does not take into account\nthe mechanism by which this execution will take place. For instance,\none possible scenario is that the entire group dies from a horrible\nplague with the curse holder going last. Interesting examples were\nprovided in the genie X-Files episode, where the genie kept pointing\nout that Mulder\u0026rsquo;s wishes were not sufficiently specific. Lack of\nawareness in this area generally occurs when wishes are made through\nvindictiveness or lack of control. The same holds true for good\nwishes - they can be costly as well. Hence, wanting something to be a\ncertain way is better thought out very carefully and not wanting, as\nper Lao Tse, may be best.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance, I pull a ribbon around the corner and carbonicule the cat\nchases it. As far as his focus is concerned, the tip is moving and there\nis no awareness that someone is pulling it. In fact, the focus is so\nstrong (and limited for this game) that it matters little when he comes\naround the corner to find that I was pulling it - he is still interested\nin the part that\u0026rsquo;s moving and there is no loss in pleasure in chasing\nit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you don\u0026rsquo;t want constipation, change your diet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003elife isn\u0026rsquo;t about staying still and stagnating.\u003cbr\u003e\nlife is movement and growth, awareness and awakenings.\u003cbr\u003e\nneither is love about accepting someone for who they are.\u003cbr\u003e\nlove is a gift from the divine for all beings. as such it becomes our\nduty to channel that gift to those nearest to us, so that they can move\nand grow, so that they become aware and awake.\u003cbr\u003e\nyou are evolving, carly. have you ever noticed how \u0026ldquo;love\u0026rdquo; is contained\nin the word \u0026ldquo;evolve\u0026rdquo;?\u003cbr\u003e\nyour husband has a chance to be bourne in the wake of your\ntransformation \u0026hellip; and then add his own ripples in harmony with the\never-flowing stream on which we all journey.\u003cbr\u003e\n(to carly on 30bad)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI truly would be a great admirer of myself if it were not for my even\ngreater humility.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe key to manipulation is not feeling anything, so that you can feel\nanything.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHonor noble principles for they are the only ballast in troubled times.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegarding Angel\u0026rsquo;s insistence that she needs to fast for more than 7\ndays:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u0026ldquo;it took god 7 days to create the world - what makes you think you need\nlonger?\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\nUnfortunately, she didn\u0026rsquo;t fully appreciate the brillance of the above\ncomment and started arguing absurdly about it (eg you don\u0026rsquo;t believe in\nthat stuff and it isn\u0026rsquo;t factual).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeing full of yourself is a sure recipe for indigestion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMorality may be the end product of perfect discipline.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf sex really were an expression of spirituality, then sages would have\nbeen the ultimate porn stars of history!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s about how we merge in thought and action with what is right.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s about how we add our voices in harmony to what is truth.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s about how we blend into the flow of existence, discovering with\nhumility and contributing with gratitude.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInspiration is like the battle, while discipline is the war itself. The\nformer carries uncertainities, but through the latter these can be\novercome.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs we travel, there may be some moments when i walk behind you to make\nsure you don\u0026rsquo;t fall; there may be some moments when i walk ahead and\nreach for your hand so you can take the next step with confidence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFocus is good, but focus at the expense of awareness isn\u0026rsquo;t.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe do what we do because it needs to be done. We do it without\nexpectation or want \u0026hellip; and then the world really does straighten itself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen two beings see the same rainbow, imagine how close they must be!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo self-respecting enlightened master ever calls him/herself one, for it\nis not a path of humility. The master therefore each day remains calm\nfor no achievement can ever surpass that state.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMay all who do so much for the most worthwhile and essential cause in\nhistory, see themselves as they truly must be - undaunted by the\nirrefutable task at hand and undented by the illusive passage of time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf something seems too good to be true, it is important to make it so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTruth does not stop being truth simply because it is spoken by a\nhypocrite. Even an animal abuser is entitled and correct to speak\nagainst animal abuse.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDesire for something in the future is bad enough.\u003cbr\u003e\nDesire for something in the past is downright idiotic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou may not like to lose, but if you\u0026rsquo;re fighting the wrong battle, you\nhave already lost.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s easy for one to pass responsibility to someone else, but you aren\u0026rsquo;t\ngoing to pass the consequences.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI will wait for you, but I won\u0026rsquo;t wait with you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKeep the door open, but don\u0026rsquo;t end up being the doorstop.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNever forget the past. You do so at your own risk!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s unhealthy to induce vomiting after each meal. Better to exercise so\nyour consumption doesn\u0026rsquo;t become baggage as the past sometimes does for\nsome people.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlways be happy, never be satisfied.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlways forgive, never forget.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose who have found the way do not hand out business cards.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen dragons come to heal the earth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"pradagio\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003epradagio \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pradagio\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFrom Honor:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNever be yourself, when you can be someone better.\u003cbr\u003e\n~ Queen Rhae\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMay the earth befriend you, as have we.\u003cbr\u003e\n~ Marieke\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we could only be as kind to every soul regardless of what they are\nwearing in this life.\u003cbr\u003e\n~ Breena\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe one who gives should not remember the giving, but the one who\nreceives must never forget.\u003cbr\u003e\n~ Vaishobob\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRoyalty is never born. It is forged from one\u0026rsquo;s attitude and action, from\none\u0026rsquo;s courage and conviction.\u003cbr\u003e\n~ Prince Jestin\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFrom Tryangles:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow should we on this trip abide?\u003cbr\u003e\nBe always happy, but never satisfied!\u003cbr\u003e\n~ Barra\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo take that chance and make bold your move!\u003cbr\u003e\nTriumph or disaster, naught do they prove!\u003cbr\u003e\n~ Ardal\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLife\u0026rsquo;s not \u0026lsquo;bout the comfort of just lying still.\u003cbr\u003e\nReach for those stars and the dharma fulfil!\u003cbr\u003e\n~ Elysse\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur strengths are stronger than our weaknesses.\u003cbr\u003e\n~ Elysse\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"robert-pynn\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRobert Pynn \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#robert-pynn\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEverything is set in the clear and distinct air. Judgment is without\nsuspension, thought without reflection, action without consideration.\n(advent song)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"roosevelt-theodore\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRoosevelt Theodore \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#roosevelt-theodore\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJustice consists not in being neutral between right and wrong, but in\nfinding out the right and upholding it, wherever found, against the\nwrong.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sculley-matthew\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSculley Matthew \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sculley-matthew\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimals are more than ever a test of our character, of mankind\u0026rsquo;s\ncapacity for empathy and for decent, honorable conduct and faithful\nstewardship. We are called to treat them with kindness, not because they\nhave rights, power or a claim to equality, but in a sense, because they\ndon\u0026rsquo;t. They all stand unequal and powerless before us.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"schweitzer-albert\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSchweitzer Albert \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#schweitzer-albert\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t know what your destiny will be, but one thing I do know: the\nonly ones among you who will be really happy are those who have sought\nand found how to serve.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLife becomes harder for us when we live for others, but it also becomes\nricher and happier.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes our light goes out but is blown into flame by another human\nbeing. Each of us owes deepest thanks to those who have rekindled this\nlight.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHappiness is nothing more than good health and a bad memory.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe true worth of a man is not to be found in man himself, but in the\ncolours and textures that come alive in others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo something wonderful, people may imitate it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuccess is not the key to happiness. Happiness is the key to success. If\nyou love what you are doing, you will be successful.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConstant kindness can accomplish much. As the sun makes ice melt,\nkindness causes misunderstanding, mistrust, and hostility to evaporate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn optimist is a person who sees a green light everywhere, while a\npessimist sees only the red stoplightā€¦ the truly wise person is\ncolorblind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompassion, in which all ethics must take root, can only attain its full\nbreadth and depth if it embraces all living creatures and does not limit\nitself to mankind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA man is truly ethical only when he obeys the compulsion to help all\nlife which he is able to assist, and shrinks from injuring anything that\nlives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA man does not have to be an angel in order to be saint.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou must not expect anything from others. It\u0026rsquo;s you, of yourself, of whom\nyou must ask a lot. Only from oneself has one the right to ask\neverything and anything. This way it\u0026rsquo;s up to you ā€“ your own choices ā€“\nwhat you get from others remains a present, a gift.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat does Reverence for Life say abut the relations between [humanity]\nand the animal world? Whenever I injury any kind of life I must be quite\ncertain that it is necessary. I must never go beyond the unavoidable,\nnot even in apparently insignificant things. The farmer who has mowed\ndown a thousand flowers in his meadow in order to feed his cows must be\ncareful on his way home not to strike the head off a single flower by\nthe side of the road in idle amusement, for he thereby infringes on the\nlaw of life without being under the pressure of necessity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCivilization can only revive when there shall come into being in a\nnumber of individuals a new tone of mind, independent of the prevalent\none among the crowds, and in opposition to it ā€“ a tone of mind which\nwill gradually win influence over the collective one, and in the end\ndetermine its character. Only an ethical movement can rescue us from\nbarbarism, and the ethical comes into existence only in individuals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEthics cannot be based upon our obligations toward [people], but they\nare complete and natural only when we feel this Reverence for Life and\nthe desire to have compassion for and to help all creatures insofar as\nit is in our power. I think that this ethic will become more and more\nrecognized because of its great naturalness and because it is the\nfoundation of a true humanism toward which we must strive if our culture\nis to become truly ethical.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUntil he extends his circle of compassion to include all living things,\nman will not himself find peace.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"shaw-george-bernard\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eShaw George Bernard \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#shaw-george-bernard\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe most tragic thing in the world is a man of genius who is not a man\nof honor.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA fashion is nothing but an induced epidemic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEngland and America are two countries separated by a common language.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhy should you call me to account for eating decently?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe worst sin towards our fellow creatures is not to hate them, but to\nbe indifferent to them: that\u0026rsquo;s the essence of inhumanity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll great truths begin as blasphemies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo public man in these islands ever believes that the Bible means what\nit says: he is always convinced that it says what he means.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe sex relation is not a personal relation. It can be irresistibly\ndesired and rapturously consummated between persons who could not endure\none another for a day in any other relation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA government which robs Peter to pay Paul can always depend on the\nsupport of Paul.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen a man wants to murder a tiger he calls it sport: when the tiger\nwants to murder him he calls it ferocity. The distinction between Crime\nand Justice is no greater.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Will you be the father of my next child? A combination of my beauty and\nyour brains would startle the world,\u0026rdquo; but he replied: \u0026ldquo;I must decline\nyour offer with thanks, for the child might have my beauty and your\nbrains.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen a thing is funny, search it carefully for a hidden truth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;You see things; you say, \u0026lsquo;Why?\u0026rsquo; But I dream things that never were; and\nI say \u0026lsquo;Why not?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimals are my friendsā€¦and I don\u0026rsquo;t eat my friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePower does not corrupt men; fools, however, if they get into a position\nof power, corrupt power.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn heaven an angel is no one in particular.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe cut the throat of a calf and hang it up by the heels to bleed to\ndeath so that our veal cutlet may be white; we nail geese to a board and\ncram them with food because we like the taste of liver disease; we tear\nbirds to pieces to decorate our women\u0026rsquo;s hats; we mutilate domestic\nanimals for no reason at all except to follow an instinctively cruel\nfashion; and we connive at the most abominable tortures in the hope of\ndiscovering some magical cure for our own diseases by them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t know if there are men on the moon, but if there are they must be\nusing the earth as their lunatic asylum.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe secret of being miserable is to have the leisure to bother about\nwhether you are happy or not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sicp\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSICP \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sicp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn general, when modeling phenomena in science and engineering, we begin\nwith simplified, incomplete models. As we examine things in greater\ndetail, these simple models become inadequate and must be replaced by\nmore refined models.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sir-cole-the-knight-before-christmas\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSir Cole (The Knight Before Christmas) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sir-cole-the-knight-before-christmas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA knight is sworn to valor and virtue. His blade defends the good, and\nhis might upholds the weak. His temper shall be led by patience, and his\nkindness will give aid to those who seek it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a variation of the knight\u0026rsquo;s code (from \u003ca href=\"https://sites.google.com/site/khoodlibrary/Home/theology-and-philosophy/the-eight-virtues\"\u003eThe Library of\nKnighthood\u003c/a\u003e):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe knight is sworn to valor.\u003cbr\u003e\nHis heart knows only virtue.\u003cbr\u003e\nHis blade defends the helpless.\u003cbr\u003e\nHis might upholds the weak.\u003cbr\u003e\nHis words speak only truth.\u003cbr\u003e\nHis wrath undoes the wicked.\u003cbr\u003e\nThe right can never die,\u003cbr\u003e\nIf one man still recalls\u003cbr\u003e\nThe words are not forgot,\u003cbr\u003e\nIf one voice speaks them clear.\u003cbr\u003e\nThe code forever shines,\u003cbr\u003e\nIf one heart holds it bright\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"smith-gary\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSmith Gary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#smith-gary\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e150 years ago, they would have thought you were absurd if you advocated\nfor the end of slavery. 100 years ago, they would have laughed at you\nfor suggesting that women should have the right to vote. 50 years ago,\nthey would object to the idea of African Americans receiving equal\nrights under the law. 25 years ago they would have called you a pervert\nif you advocated for gay rights. They laugh at us now for suggesting\nthat animal slavery be ended. Some day they won\u0026rsquo;t be laughing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"spock\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSpock \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#spock\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou may find that having is not so pleasing a thing after all as\nwanting. It is not logical, but it is often true.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe glory of creation is in its infinite diversity and the ways our\ndifferences combine to create meaning and beauty.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"steinem-gloria\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSteinem Gloria \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#steinem-gloria\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA woman without a man is like a fish without a bicycle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWomen have two choices: Either she\u0026rsquo;s a feminist or a masochist.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA feminist is anyone who recognizes the equality and full humanity of\nwomen and men.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWomen have always been an equal part of the past. We just haven\u0026rsquo;t been a\npart of history.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLaw and justice are not always the same. When they aren\u0026rsquo;t, destroying\nthe law may be the first step toward changing it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"stephenson-neal\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStephenson Neal \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#stephenson-neal\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmacs outshines all other editing soft-ware in approximately the same\nway that the noonday sun does the stars. It is not just bigger and\nbrighter; it simply makes everything else vanish. (In the Beginningā€¦ Was\nthe Cammand Line)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sztybel-david\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSztybel David \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sztybel-david\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCentering on human-made abstractions above all, instead of on the\nanimals themselves as individuals is oddly anthropocentric.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"tagore-rabindranath\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTagore Rabindranath \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tagore-rabindranath\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhere the mind is without fear and the head is held high; Where\nknowledge is free; Where the world has not been broken up into fragments\nby narrow domestic walls; Where the words come out from the depth of\ntruth; Where tireless striving stretches its arms towards perfection;\nWhere the clear stream of reason has not lost its way into the dreary\ndesert sand of dead habit; Where the mind is led forward by thee into\never-widening thought and action - Into that heaven of freedom, my\nFather, let my country awake.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"teresa-mother\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTeresa Mother \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#teresa-mother\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLove cannot remain by itself ā€“ it has no meaning. Love has to be put\ninto action, and that action is service.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeople are often unreasonable and self-centered. Forgive them anyway. If\nyou are kind, people may accuse you of ulterior motives. Be kind anyway.\nIf you are honest, people may cheat you. Be honest anyway. If you find\nhappiness, people may be jealous. Be happy anyway. The good you do today\nmay be forgotten tomorrow. Do good anyway. Give the world the best you\nhave and it may never be enough. Give your best anyway. In the end, it\nis between you and God. It was never between you and them anyway.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"thoreau-henry-david\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThoreau Henry David \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#thoreau-henry-david\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA man is rich in proportion to the number of things he can afford to let\nalone.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAny fool can make a rule, and any fool will mind it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs if you could kill time without injuring eternity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBe true to your work, your word, and your friend.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo not be too moral. You may cheat yourself out of much life. Aim above\nmorality. Be not simply good; be good for something.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo not hire a man who does your work for money, but him who does it for\nlove of it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEvery man is the builder of a temple called his body.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow vain it is to sit down to write when you have not stood up to live.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGo confidently in the direction of your dreams! Live the life you\u0026rsquo;ve\nimagined. As you simplify your life, the laws of the universe will be\nsimpler.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever mean your life is, meet it and live it: do not shun it and call\nit hard names. Cultivate poverty like a garden herb, like sage. Do not\ntrouble yourself much to get new things, whether clothes or friends.\nThings do not change, we change. Sell your clothes and keep your\nthoughts. God will see that you do want society.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI know of no more encouraging fact than the unquestioned ability of a\nman to elevate his life by conscious endeavor.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI once had a sparrow alight upon my shoulder for a moment, while I was\nhoeing in a village garden, and I felt that I was more distinguished by\nthat circumstance that I should have been by any epaulet I could have\nworn.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you have built castles in the air, your work need not be lost; that\nis where they should be. Now put the foundations under them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn wildness is the preservation of the world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is never too late to give up your prejudices.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost are engaged in business the greater part of their lives, because\nthe soul abhors a vacuum and they have not discovered any continuous\nemployment for man\u0026rsquo;s nobler faculties.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWho thinks that they can kill time without injuring eternity?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"tricia\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTricia \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tricia\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor me what works is service. i feel that i am here to serve animals and\nbe their voice. i rescue domestic animals from abuse, which gives me a\nsense of direct action and do much in the way of spreading veganism,\nwith farm walks, handing out literature, and postings at pet stores.\nAlso do fur protests, circus protests and protested at our medical\ncollege to end the use of pigs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eeverywhere i go i talk with people about the atrocities to animals\nraised for food and always have a trunk full of pamphlets and dvds such\nas meet your meat and earthlings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewe have 11 rescued animals which keep us from getting overwhelmed with\nanimal suffering since they need much care, exercise and love.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eit is unacceptable to me that some people take longer than others to\nstop eating animals. most people who would see an injured bird would try\nto help him/her so why not extend that compassion to the rest of the\nanimals. people don\u0026rsquo;t have to do anything except change their eating\nhabits, nothing compared to the hell on earth animals are living.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei no longer waste my time with those who aren\u0026rsquo;t receptive to our\nmessage, there are too many others who need to hear it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei used to go to bed and start feeling guilty that i was warm,\ncomfortable and safe and would think of all the animals suffering in\nbarren cages, cold, afraid and unable to even turn around. it was\nstupid, since my not getting a good nights sleep wasn\u0026rsquo;t helping the\nanimals and would prevent me from being productive.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003enow when i go to bed i clear my mind and rest. if negative thoughts\nenter i acknowledge them and let them pass though not giving them the\nattention or light they need to persist. i fall asleep within minutes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ekeep doing what you can for the animals and continue to spread your\nmessage to everyone you meet. as long as we are doing what we can, we\ncan keep moving forward without getting bogged down with hatred of\npeople and frustration. there are still times i become misanthropic, but\nrealize there are many good humans i love and don\u0026rsquo;t focus on what is out\nof my hands.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"twain-mark\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTwain Mark \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#twain-mark\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the beginning of a change, the Patriot is a scarce man, Brave, Hated\nand Scorned. When his cause succeeds however, the timid join him, for\nthen it costs NOTHING to be a Patriot.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKindness is a language which the deaf can hear and the and the blind can\nsee.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s not the size of the dog in the fight, it\u0026rsquo;s the size of the fight in\nthe dog.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGet your facts first, then you can distort them as you please.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe best way to cheer yourself is to try to cheer someone else up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA lie can travel halfway around the world while the truth is still\nputting on its shoes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is better to keep your mouth closed and let people think you are a\nfool than to open it and remove all doubt.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReally great people make you feel that you, too, can become great.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"wade-paul\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWade Paul \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#wade-paul\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet me set out my stand right now; this kind of crap disgusts me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"tyler-alexander-fraser\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTyler Alexander Fraser \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tyler-alexander-fraser\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA democracy cannot exist as a permanent form of government. It can only\nexist until the voters discover that they can vote themselves largesse\nfrom the public treasury. From that moment on, the majority always votes\nfor the candidates promising the most benefits from the public treasury\nwith the result that a democracy always collapses over loose fiscal\npolicy, always followed by a dictatorship. The average age of the\nworld\u0026rsquo;s greatest civilizations has been 200 years. These nations have\nprogressed through this sequence: From bondage to spiritual faith; From\nspiritual faith to great courage; From courage to liberty; From liberty\nto abundance; From abundance to selfishness; From selfishness to apathy;\nFrom apathy to dependence; From dependence back into bondage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"wiesel-elle\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWiesel Elle \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#wiesel-elle\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeutrality helps the oppressor, never the victim.\u003cbr\u003e\nSilence encourages the tormentor, never the tormented.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"winston-churchill\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWinston Churchill \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#winston-churchill\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you\u0026rsquo;re going through hell, keep going.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"zelenskyy-volodymyr\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eZelenskyy Volodymyr \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#zelenskyy-volodymyr\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFreedom must be armed better than tyranny.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe fight is here; I need ammunition, not a ride.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Progressive Non-Animal Research Society", "date_published": "2022-03-24T18:16:46-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-24T18:16:46-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/pnars/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/pnars/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eScientists now have sophisticated, human-appropos methodologies for\nstudying diseases such as\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eadvanced computer-modeling techniques\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emicro-dosing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003estem cell-derived organoids\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D printing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emanifold emerging approaches\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdvances in technology allow us finding ways to improve health care\nwithout inflicting harm on animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https://progressiveresearchsociety.com\"\u003eProgressive Non-Animal Research\nSociety\u003c/a\u003e (PNARS) is an excellent\nand comprehensive resource for the biomedical community. It provides\nleading edge breakthroughs in technologies and treatments.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecent Updates:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://progressiveresearchsociety.com/pnars-report-environmental-impacts-of-animal-experimentation/\"\u003ePNARS Report: Environmental Impacts of Animal\nExperimentation\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Animal Defence and Anti-Vivisection Society", "date_published": "2022-03-24T17:59:55-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-24T17:59:55-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/adav/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/adav/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe\u003ca href=\"https://adavsociety.org\"\u003eAnimal Defense \u0026amp; Anti-Vivisection Society\u003c/a\u003e\nof British Columbia (ADAV), established by a veterinary surgeon in 1927,\nis a peaceful, grassroots organization committed to the abolition of\nvivisection on moral, ethical and scientific grounds.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ADAV Society strives to inform the public of the grim realities\nfaced by animals used in experiments, promote the use of superior and\nmore humane non-animal alternatives, and alert the public to the proven\ninvalidity of basing human medicine and toxicology on other species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe conduct outreach events and letter-writing campaigns, sponsor speaker\nseries, and network with other groups nationally and internationally in\nan effort to change policies on animal experimentation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have recently published an article, \u003ca href=\"https://adavsociety.org/its-time-ask-charities-to-guarantee-your-donation-will-not-be-used-for-research-on-animals/\"\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s\nTime\u003c/a\u003e,\nby cancer survivor, Maidie Hilmo PhD, on our site, encouraging people to\nask charities to guarantee their donation will not be used for research\non animals. The article also includes a link to ADAVā€™s \u003ca href=\"https://www.humanecharities.ca\"\u003ehumane charities\nwebsite\u003c/a\u003e, which lists charities that are\ncommitted to helping humans without hurting animals.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Dhaku Singu", "date_published": "2022-03-22T21:56:08-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-22T21:56:08-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/music/dhaku-singu/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/music/dhaku-singu/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eDhaka has been singing since 2015. At the end of this page, we list her\nrehearsals and performances.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe is very glad to have wonderful friends in the neighborhood, such as:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAurora, Daria, Terrence, Valerie\u003cbr\u003e\nGisela, Ernie\u003cbr\u003e\nLinda, Peter, Flora\u003cbr\u003e\nRoss, Abby\u003cbr\u003e\nLinda, Robert, Muffin\u003cbr\u003e\nLeia, Wayne, Gibson\u003cbr\u003e\nAl, Zoe\u003cbr\u003e\nBruce, Jessie\u003cbr\u003e\nTom, Iggy, Twiggy\u003cbr\u003e\nTheodora\u003cbr\u003e\nDeborah, Tori, Gary\u003cbr\u003e\nDiane, Danielle, Suzanne (moved away)\u003cbr\u003e\nAria, Cohen, Brianne, Dustin\u003cbr\u003e\nSally, Susan\u003cbr\u003e\nThunder\u003cbr\u003e\nGeorgina, Iris, Mr. Peabody, Roy\u003cbr\u003e\nKita, Kelly\u003cbr\u003e\nRowan, Benson, Kitten, Jinny, Stu\u003cbr\u003e\nJim, Joe, Stella, Lori\u003cbr\u003e\nCaroline, Lucy\u003cbr\u003e\nElizabeth\u003cbr\u003e\nGreg, Laura, Bella\u003cbr\u003e\nSteve\u003cbr\u003e\nLisa, Torri, Roo, Nina (moved away)\u003cbr\u003e\nTrevin, Taylor, Brutus, Millie\u003cbr\u003e\nCindy\u003cbr\u003e\nBarbara\u003cbr\u003e\nGail, Henry, Claire, Louis, Desmond\u003cbr\u003e\nSol, Ron, Marina\u003cbr\u003e\nMikki (moved away)\u003cbr\u003e\nKelsey, Graydon\u003cbr\u003e\nManeesha, Bodhan, Raj (from Victoria)\u003cbr\u003e\nRick, christine\u003cbr\u003e\nMilo, Diane\u003cbr\u003e\nCharlotte\u003cbr\u003e\nAlana (from Victoria)\u003cbr\u003e\nJennifer (from Victoria)\u003cbr\u003e\nGracie, Blue, Piper, Leslie\u003cbr\u003e\nJohn, Diane\u003cbr\u003e\nAbha, Atty, Tilo\u003cbr\u003e\nTim, Kelly\u003cbr\u003e\nMichelle\u003cbr\u003e\nMia\u003cbr\u003e\nLynn\u003cbr\u003e\nRory\u003cbr\u003e\nHeather and Junior\u003cbr\u003e\nTristan, Drey, Lincoln, Sonya\u003cbr\u003e\nHolly and Anthony (from Victoria)\u003cbr\u003e\nSarah and Kelsey (2 very nice veterinarians)\u003cbr\u003e\nAngelkate (moved to Victoria)\u003cbr\u003e\n(and others, but we don\u0026rsquo;t know their names!)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRehearsal in preparation for Caninegie Hall performance\u003cbr\u003e\n\u0026lt;2020-01-20 Mon\u0026gt;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntroduced by Grafu cat, Dhaka sings:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTeach Our Child\u003c/strong\u003e (from the musical Tryangles)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHer Soul Beckons Mine\u003c/strong\u003e (theme variations from Tryangles again)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHymn To Her\u003c/strong\u003e (a little known composition)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eA Te O Cara\u003c/strong\u003e (from Bellini\u0026rsquo;s opera, Il Puritani)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/xhPdQzKlfhY?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003emore to come as they become available\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c!-- {{ \u003c vimeo 515121695 \u003e }} --\u003e" }, { "title": "Pramordials", "date_published": "2022-03-22T13:10:41-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-22T13:10:41-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/pranktuary/pramordials/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/pranktuary/pramordials/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePotentially a pundit\u0026rsquo;s praradice!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA posh store selling ornaments and precious stones was robbed. The\npolice were unable to find the criminals and just marked it down to\nbeing a cajewelty.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt seems a chorus tenor went berserk during a performance of Don\nGiovanni when Don is dragged into the flames of hell. The tenor visibly\nupset started screaming in a loud and high voice FIRE FIRE! Panicking\npatrons trampled over each other clambering to escape. However there was\nno fire and Viennese police arrested the tenor on grounds of setting off\na falsetto alarm.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhich reminds me that the king and queen of Spain were on a rather\nturbulent flight many years ago and kept slipping out of their seats,\nwhence the well-known Learner and Lowedown expression \u0026ldquo;The reign in\nSpain falls mainly on the plane.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance, you can\u0026rsquo;t trust tailors anymore. Why I had this friend who\nordered a custom jacket and received a vest instead. Needless to say, he\nfelt thoroughly desleeved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome people find eating dates have a real calming effect on them - they\nfeel sedated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis farmer spots a burglar on his property engaged in stealing.. He\nrushes out yelling, \u0026ldquo;Hay! Hay! Hay!\u0026rdquo;. The burglar pleads with him\nsaying, \u0026ldquo;Oh please do not report me I am out on bale.\u0026rdquo; The farmer\nexclaims, \u0026ldquo;You guys always have an excuse - but this is the last straw!\u0026rdquo;\nThe burglar replies, \u0026ldquo;Well, most people aren\u0026rsquo;t as lucky as you - they go\nto school, then to loonyversity and they still can\u0026rsquo;t find the work they\nwere trained for - unlike yourself, who gets to work in his field.\u0026rdquo; The\nfarmer says, \u0026ldquo;Look I think you\u0026rsquo;re stalling.\u0026rdquo; The burglar retorts, \u0026ldquo;Well,\nI could be horse.\u0026rdquo; So the farmer tells the burglar, \u0026ldquo;I think you\u0026rsquo;re\ncowardly, but I\u0026rsquo;ll give you a job anyway.\u0026rdquo; The burglar feeling guilty\nexclaims, \u0026ldquo;Barn it all! I don\u0026rsquo;t deserve it.\u0026rdquo; However, he accepts and the\ntwo become friends after declaring a farmistice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ruler of a country sent out his messenger who got lost and wound up\nin the wrong kingdom. The queen received the poor fellow and said,\n\u0026ldquo;Emasorry, but this is not the place you are seeking.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCathy bought herself a house and considered it her temple so she called\nit a Cathydral.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA lemur once had a big toe Which continued to grow and grow It became so\nlong He had to hobble along So they called him LAMEur you know. The\nprevious is an example of a LAMErick. If you don\u0026rsquo;t like it don\u0026rsquo;t bLAME\nme - I\u0026rsquo;m not cLAMEing that it is funny. You may as well just initiate\nyour LAMEntations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis person had severe constipation naturally as a result of animal\nprotein consumption and finally went to an intelligent and friendly,\nstrict vegetarian nutritionist who put him naturally on a strict\nvegetarian diet that in a short period of time got rid of the\nconstipation (and also helped eliminate several other ailments that we\nall know about). Much relieved, he sincerely and accurately thanked the\nnutritionist exclaiming, \u0026ldquo;With friends like you, who needs enemas!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo gangster Bugsie after a successful week\u0026rsquo;s work goes to his boss (who\nrecently turned veg and took up yoga) to collect his paycheck. His boss\ngives him a large bundle of organic celery and a jar of homemade organic\nveg dip to go along with it. A somewhat surprised Bugsie exclaims, \u0026ldquo;Hey\nBoss! What\u0026rsquo;s this? You think I\u0026rsquo;m a bunny or something?\u0026rdquo; The Boss simply\nreplies, \u0026ldquo;Om, no Bugs. It\u0026rsquo;s your take home celery.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA couple of veggies didn\u0026rsquo;t want to get married because their families\nwanted them to have an oranged marriage. So they took off even though\nthey were told they cantaloupe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a very important food combining dictum that says you should\nnever eat cauliflowers and watermelons at the same meal. Doing so could\nmake you meloncaulic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeople don\u0026rsquo;t always know the many ways to eat cucumbers. They can be\neaten raw or cooked or even pickled! The most important thing to do\nthough is to cut it into smaller pieces because eating it whole is just\ncucumbersome.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI wanted to make a citrus drink and tried to call several fruits\ntogether, but the lime was busy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQ: Prad, just how does a dedicated vegetarian gracefully exit a meeting,\na get-together or a party? A: Well all he or she simply needs to say is,\n\u0026ldquo;lettuce leaves\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQ: Prad what vegetarian product can be helpful for cleaning teeth? A: I\nthink it\u0026rsquo;s called lentil floss.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Vecado", "date_published": "2022-03-22T12:34:06-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-22T12:34:06-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/vecado/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/business/vecado/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is an excellent business which provides a variety of high-quality\nvegan pet foods such as Ami, Benevo, Vegepet, Evolution, Gourmet ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe site also provides information links to research, customer stories\nand a blog.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCheck them out here: \u003ca href=\"https://vecado.ca\"\u003eVecado\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "David Sztybel", "date_published": "2022-03-20T22:58:20-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-20T22:58:20-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/david-sztybel/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/david-sztybel/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eDr. David Sztybel chose to specialize in animal rights as a philosopher\nat a time when the movement was in its growing stages.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis work has been powerful and influential as his site will show:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://davidsztybel.info\"\u003eDr. David Sztybel\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is substantial material for the general public as well as\nacademia. Additionally, you\u0026rsquo;ll find links to media appearances and\ntalks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Be sure to also check out his blog that is linked at the bottom of each\npage on his website.)\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Angelkate Rose Channel", "date_published": "2022-03-20T16:34:19-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-20T16:34:19-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/music/angelkate-rose-channel/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/music/angelkate-rose-channel/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is the link to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTgsuf9kCvL7FMktx770IkA\"\u003eAngelkate Rose\nChannel\u003c/a\u003e on\nYoutube. You can also find her writings \u003ca href=\"/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are some of her videos in no particular order which include covers\nand originals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"look-on-down-from-the-bridge---mazzy-star\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLook on Down from the Bridge - Mazzy Star \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#look-on-down-from-the-bridge---mazzy-star\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Cover by Angelkate Rose)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€œLook on Down from the Bridgeā€ was composed by Hope Sandoval, a\nsongwriter and lead singer of American alternative rock band, Mazzy\nStar, and David Roback, guitarist in the band and songwriterā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/IV8L7dyQ-jI?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch1 id=\"let-it-be---paul-mccartney-the-beatles\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLet it Be - Paul McCartney/ The Beatles \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#let-it-be---paul-mccartney-the-beatles\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Cover by Angelkate Rose)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Let it Be\u0026rdquo; was written and sung by Paul McCartney, bass guitarist and\nsinger for English rock band \u0026lsquo;The Beatles\u0026rsquo; ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/cwWPojnOGlA?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch1 id=\"three-little-birds---bob-marley\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThree Little Birds - Bob Marley \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#three-little-birds---bob-marley\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Cover by Angelkate Rose)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo you hear the hissing \u0026lsquo;sea\u0026rsquo; effect in the sound? it\u0026rsquo;s the AUTHENTIC,\noriginal audio recording from the built- in camera mic! ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/UC26CDuLKQk?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch1 id=\"500-miles---joan-baezhedy-west\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e500 Miles - Joan Baez/Hedy West \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#500-miles---joan-baezhedy-west\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Cover by Angelkate Rose)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;500 Miles\u0026rdquo; is a song made popular during the 1960s folk revival.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/Hcfi4xcitDA?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch1 id=\"i-found-you-original\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eI Found You (Original) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#i-found-you-original\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;I Found You\u0026rsquo; - An original song by Angelkate Rose\u003cbr\u003e\nVocal: Angelkate Rose\u003cbr\u003e\nPiano: Kyron Basu\u003cbr\u003e\nPoem: Matthew Hicks\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/LCSmTZGlZVk?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch1 id=\"diamonds-and-rust---joan-baez\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDiamonds and Rust - Joan Baez \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#diamonds-and-rust---joan-baez\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Cover by Angelkate Rose)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVocal: Angelkate Rose\u003cbr\u003e\nBacking track: BDFab Karaoke\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/7CokZGriL2c?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e" }, { "title": "Kyron Recitals", "date_published": "2022-03-20T14:05:40-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-20T14:05:40-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/music/kyron-recitals/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/music/kyron-recitals/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eKyron, a versatile baritone, has appeared with various groups such as\nFretwork, the Victoria Baroque Players, Victoria Philharmonic Choir,\nVictoria Childrenā€™s Choir, and the Christ Church choir. He holds an BMus\nand MA in Musicology with Performance from the University of Victoria\nand teaches on the faculties of UVic and the Victoria Conservatory of\nMusic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are write-ups (by prad) for Kyron\u0026rsquo;s undergrad and masters recitals\nthat were sent out to interested parties. All documents and video links\nare provided. You can find Kyron\u0026rsquo;s homepage on Towards Freedom\n\u003ca href=\"file:///iwrters/kyron/\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"undergrad-recital-2018-03-20\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUndergrad Recital 2018-03-20 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#undergrad-recital-2018-03-20\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron is completing his bachelor\u0026rsquo;s of music at UVIC in a few weeks. part\nof the requirement was to do the grad recital which took place march\n20th.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI know some of you may have been planning to attend, but were unable to\nfor various reasons like\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eyou were never told about his recital\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eyou live in another, far off part of the world (like Winnipeg)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eyou put down the wrong date\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eyou were working\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eyou have no idea who Kyron is (note: he is the offspring of myself and\nRanjana, the individual I have been married to for such a long, long,\nlong time)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are the links to:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/s/vbs4bgzohqzglu7/BMus%20%28Performance%29%20Kyron%20Basu-8.5x11.pdf?dl=0\"\u003ethe\nprogram\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/s/fs7xorgfkg4hak2/Texts%20and%20Translations.pdf?dl=0\"\u003ethe texts and\ntranslations\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe video of his recital was done on a sony a99 with built in audio. In\nthis embedded video, you will see not only his performance with some\nvery fine musicians (his piano accompanist, Czinszka, is remarkable!),\nbut also the segment of the stage manager clearing music stands and\nchairs (with the considerate assistance of Claire the cellist!) as well\nas said manager\u0026rsquo;s preparation of the piano for the second part of the\nrecital for which he was generously applauded by an appreciative\naudience!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat you won\u0026rsquo;t see is the superb post performance reception fare that\nRanjana prepared. of course, it was 100% vegan and very well received by\nthe 50+ attendees. They were surprised that there was actually healthy\nfood being served at such a function and some even commented on it!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is the video:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/KcKqDN1FZbs?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch1 id=\"masters-recital-2020-03-09\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMasters recital 2020-03-09 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#masters-recital-2020-03-09\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGreetings!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe video embedded below is for Kyron\u0026rsquo;s recital-lecture which was\nperformed as a requirement for his masters degree in music. (Here is the\nlink to his thesis: \u003ca href=\"https://dspace.library.uvic.ca/bitstream/handle/1828/12074/Basu_Kyron_MA_2020.pdf?sequence=1\"\u003ePhonetic Journey: Sound in Singable\nTranslations\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA few of you may have already received an earlier notice. That is\nbecause Ranjana (the person who has marred me) sent the link out without\nwaiting for Kyron to edit the video. I waited, but Kyron only looked at\nediting it this week and decided it wasn\u0026rsquo;t necessary. The reasons it\ntook him so long to get to was because he was busy for a while:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003erecording performances of his colleagues who could not perform their\nfinal examinations due to the UVIC shutdowns as a result of the covid\nvirus\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eworking on his own thesis and assignments\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esettling in back home from his apartment in Victoria\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this presentation, Kyron took what was a very esoteric topic (how\nsound and translation relate in Lieder song) offering massive boredom\npotential, and had the audience engaged and at times hooting with\nlaughter. His ability to play intricate classical accompaniment on the\npiano and simultaneously sing astonished a lot of people. Ranjana let me\nknow what others such as his teachers, classmates and colleagues (from\norganizations he performs in) said to her. The head of music theory at\nthe university told her that\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;It was the most brilliant thing I have heard on that stage for a long\ntime.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs it was 2 years ago, at the reception, Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s vegan spread was a\nmagnificent success! (Many of you know, Ranjana is not only a vegan chef\nof the highest order, but is about to complete her doctorate \u0026ldquo;Linking\nAnimals, Social Justice and Social Work\u0026rdquo;.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecial thanks to Neil (from the Christ Church contingent), Angel and\nher husband Matthew for the invaluable help they provided Ranjana both\nbefore and especially after the food was eaten - which is when it really\ncounts!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe hope you enjoy Kyron\u0026rsquo;s contribution, perhaps reflecting on this\nparaphrasing of Ralph Waldo Emerson:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;It\u0026rsquo;s not the destination, it\u0026rsquo;s the phonetic journey!\u0026rdquo; ;)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are the \u003ca href=\"./supplement1.pdf\"\u003erecital supplement\u003c/a\u003e (which is what you\nshould look at first) and the \u003ca href=\"./recitalv2.pdf\"\u003electure notes\u003c/a\u003e, both of\nwhich complement the video performance:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/5OVsA_RPCcs?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e" }, { "title": "Heads, Hearts and Humanity ... Identity and the Freedom to Choose", "date_published": "2022-03-15T21:11:51-07:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-15T21:11:51-07:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/maidie-hilmo/heads-hearts-and-humanity/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/maidie-hilmo/heads-hearts-and-humanity/", "authors": [ { "name": "maidie hilmo" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eCartoon by \u003ca href=\"https://graham-harrop.pixels.com/\"\u003eGraham Harrop\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThis article was written by one of the ADAV advisors, Dr. Maidie Hilmo,\nPhD, and has appeared on\n\u003ca href=\"https://adavsociety.org/heads-hearts-and-humanity-identity-and-the-freedom-to-choose/\"\u003eADAV\u003c/a\u003e\nfirst.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGoing back to ancient times, the Spring Equinox, falling on March 20\nthis year, has been celebrated as a time of transition when day and\nnight are the same length. It represents the victory of light over\ndarkness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis significance of this is especially relevant to to the current\nsituation when the powers of light are battling against some\nparticularly barbaric forces. It seems to be a measure of what has\nbeen unleashed in recent times as backward thinking has become\nincreasingly manifested in various ways. A mind set does not tend to\noccur in isolation. What have we become?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarger existential and ethical issues have also been raised by another\nrecent event when a genetically modified pigā€™s heart was transplanted\ninto a man who, sadly, passed away two months later.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe heart and the brain are the major organs. If hearts are being\ntransplanted, why not try all the variables? Perhaps brains can also be\ntransplanted, both ways. Such hybrids are not that far fetched.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOrgan transplants are already happening. We can choose to donate, but in\nthe case of pigs who are, like us, intelligent, self-aware beings, it is\nnot a voluntary choice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis goes far beyond the issue of whether or not we are meat eaters or\nvegan or somewhere in between. It goes to the heart, as it were, of who\nwe are or what we want to become.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo adapt an argument from George Bernard Shaw, if it is a choice between\nmy baby or that animal that can be saved, of course I would choose the\nlife of my baby. On the other hand, if it is a matter of the salvation\nof your baby against that of mine, what is to stop you from trying to\nsacrifice mine? The same thing that restricts any civilized human\nactivity!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn Shawā€™s time, it might have seemed more a matter of either-or. Now our\nknowledge has advanced to the point where there are numerous alternative\napproaches to organ transplants and the use of live animals for such\npurposes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese include, for example, surgical ventricular restoration and also\ncardiac regenerative therapy using human stem cells. New research in the\nUK has developed human stem cell models to deal with cardiac fibrosis.\nBioprinting may soon become an alternative, along with many other human\nbased lab technologies such as microphysiological systems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile ethics and wisdom speak for themselves as compelling arguments\nagainst the use of GMO pigs for heart transplants, more efficient,\naccurate, timely, individually tailored, and cost-effective ways are\nalready available or in the stages of development. These offer a better\noutcome for failing hearts (not to mention the obvious such as early and\naccurate medical diagnosis and lifestyle changes). Similar\nstate-of-the-art and innovative advances relevant to humans are also\napplicable for other organs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is required, in this case, along with legal and political action,\nis that funding agencies such as governments, private charities, and\nother organizations fund the use and further development of\nscientifically advanced, ethical alternatives to those experiments\nmixing up our species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGlobally, a similar enlightened mode of thinking just might help bring\nthe meaning of the Spring Equinox to fruition. To leave the darkness of\nthe night behind, W.H. Audenā€™s foreboding poem, \u0026ldquo;September 1, 1939\u0026rdquo;,\ncalls to attention the \u0026ldquo;points of light\u0026rdquo; among the just that \u0026ldquo;flash out\u0026rdquo;\nto show an \u0026ldquo;affirming flame.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "ARVEG FAQ", "date_published": "2022-03-06T16:40:24-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-06T16:40:24-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/arvegfaq/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/arvegfaq/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis page is presently in construction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the comprehensive ARVEG FAQ produced by KG which covers just\nabout every imaginable attack against animal rights and vegan stances.\nIt provides factual, effective and occasionally amusing responses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Some additions and modifications have been made from the \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/ycc/arveg/arvegFAQ.html\"\u003eearlier\nversion\u003c/a\u003e\nand the\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/ycc/arveg/ORGarvegFAQ.html\"\u003eoriginal\u003c/a\u003e\ndue to broken 20+ yr links as well as new material.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the TOC, \u0026ldquo;-\u0026gt;\u0026rdquo; indicates there is more to the question than could be\nfitted and can be viewed by clicking on the link.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEditor commentaries/updates are indicated as [Editor: ].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"1-animal-rights\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1 Animal Rights \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1-animal-rights\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"11-if-we-give-respect-or-rights-to-animals-we-will-diminish-our-own-rights-and-respect-for-humans\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.1 If we give respect or rights to animals we will diminish our own rights and respect for humans. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#11-if-we-give-respect-or-rights-to-animals-we-will-diminish-our-own-rights-and-respect-for-humans\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Sumer, one of the earliest and most powerful of the ancient\nMesopotamian city-states, managed its slaves the same way it managed its\nlivestock. The Sumerians castrated the males and put them to work like\ndomesticated animals, and they put the females in work and breeding\ncamps. The Sumerian word for castrated slave boys-amar-kud-is the same\nword the Sumerians used for young castrated donkeys, horses, and oxen.\n(From Chapter 1 Charles Patterson\u0026rsquo;s Eternal Treblinka: Our Treatment of\nAnimals and the Holocaust.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Although the purpose of the German killing centers was the\nextermination of human beings, they operated in the larger context of\nsociety\u0026rsquo;s exploitation and slaughter of animals, which to some extent\nthey mirrored. The Germans did not stop slaughtering animals when they\ntook up slaughtering people. Auschwitz, which its commandant Rudolf Hoss\ncalled \u0026ldquo;the largest human slaughterhouse that history had ever known,\u0026rdquo;\nhad its own slaughterhouse and butcher\u0026rsquo;s shop. The other death camps\nlikewise kept their personnel well supplied with animal flesh. Sobibor\nhad a cow shed, pigpen, and henhouse, which were next to the entrance to\nthe tube that took Jews to the gas chambers, while Treblinka had a\nstable, pigpen, and henhouse located near the camp barracks of the\nUkrainian auxiliaries.-from Charles Patterson\u0026rsquo;s Eternal Treblinka: Our\nTreatment of Animals and the Holocaust Chapter 5\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) So does that mean if whites give rights or respect to non whites (or\nvice versa) that it diminishes their own rights and respect? If men give\nrights or respect to women(or vice versa) that they diminish their own\nrights and respects? It would seem you want to preserve the rights of\nsome to not respect the rights of others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Edgar Kupfer-Koberwitz. \u003cem\u003eAbout the author: Edgar Kupfer was\nimprisoned in Dachau concentration camp in 1940. His last 3 years in\nDachau he obtained a clerical job in the concentration camp storeroom.\nThis position allowed him to keep a secret diary on stolen scraps of\npapers and pieces of pencil. He would bury his writings and when Dachau\nwas liberated on April 29, 1945 he collected them again. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/scrc/findingaids/view.php?eadid=ICU.SPCL.KOBERWITZ\"\u003eDachau\nDiaries\u003c/a\u003e\nwere published in 1956. From his Dachau notes he wrote an essay on\nvegetarianism which was translated into \u0026ldquo;immigrant\u0026rdquo; English. A carbon\ncopy of this 38 page essay is preserved with the original Dachau Diaries\nin the Special Collection of the Library of the University of Chicago.\nThe following are the excerpts from this essay that were reprinted in\nthe postscript of the book \u0026ldquo;Radical Vegetarianism\u0026rdquo; by Mark Mathew\nBraunstein (1981 Panjandrum Books, Los Angeles, CA). The book is\nsubtitled \u0026ldquo;A Dialectic of Diet and Ethic\u0026rdquo; and is recommended to all\nvegetarians especially those interested in natural hygiene.\u003c/em\u003e \u0026ldquo;The\nfollowing pages were written in the Concentration Camp Dachau, in the\nmidst of all kinds of cruelties. They were furtively scrawled in a\nhospital barrack where I stayed during my illness, in a time when Death\ngrasped day by day after us, when we lost twelve thousand within four\nand a half months. ā€¦ Dear Friend: You asked me why I do not eat meat and\nyou are wondering at the reasons of my behavior. Perhaps you think I\ntook a vow - some kind of penitence - denying me all the glorious\npleasures of eating meat. You remember juicy steaks, succulent fishes,\nwonderfully tasted sauces, deliciously smoked ham and thousand wonders\nprepared out of meat, charming thousands of human palates; certainly you\nwill remember the delicacy of roasted chicken. Now, you see, I am\nrefusing all these pleasures and you think that only penitence, or a\nsolemn vow, a great sacrifice could deny me that manner of enjoying\nlife, induce me to endure a great resignment. You look astonished, you\nask the question: \u0026ldquo;But why and what for?\u0026rdquo; And you are wondering that you\nnearly guessed the very reason. But if I am, now, trying to explain you\nthe very reason in one concise sentence, you will be astonished once\nmore how far your guessing had been from my real motive. Listen to what\nI have to tell you: I refuse to eat animals because I cannot nourish\nmyself by the sufferings and by the death of other creatures. I refuse\nto do so, because I suffered so painfully myself that I can feel the\npains of others by recalling my own sufferings. I feel happy, nobody\npersecutes me; why should I persecute other beings or cause them to be\npersecuted? I feel happy, I am no prisoner, I am free; why should I\ncause other creatures to be made prisoners and thrown into jail? I feel\nhappy, nobody harms me; why should I harm other creatures or have them\nharmed? I feel happy, nobody wounds me; nobody kills me; why should I\nwound or kill other creatures or cause them to be wounded or killed for\nmy pleasure and convenience? Is it not only too natural that I do not\ninflict on other creatures the same thing which, I hope and fear, will\nnever be inflicted on me? Would it not be most unfair to do such things\nfor no other purpose than for enjoying a trifling physical pleasure at\nthe expense of others\u0026rsquo; sufferings, others\u0026rsquo; deaths? These creatures are\nsmaller and more helpless than I am, but can you imagine a reasonable\nman of noble feelings who would like to base on such a difference a\nclaim or right to abuse the weakness and the smallness of others? Don\u0026rsquo;t\nyou think that it is just the bigger, the stronger, the superior\u0026rsquo;s duty\nto protect the weaker creatures instead of persecuting them, instead of\nkilling them? \u0026ldquo;Noblesse oblige.\u0026rdquo; I want to act in a noble way. I recall\nthe horrible epoch of inquisition and I am sorry to state that the time\nof tribunals for heretics has not yet passed by, that day by day, men\nuse to cook in boiling water other creatures which are helplessly given\nin the hands of their torturers. I am horrified by the idea that such\nmen are civilized people, no rough barbarians, no natives. But in spite\nof all, they are only primitively civilized, primitively adapted to\ntheir cultural environment. The average European, flowing over with\nhighbrow ideas and beautiful speeches, commits all kinds of cruelties,\nsmilingly, not because he is compelled to do so, but because he wants to\ndo so. Not because he lacks the faculty to reflect upon and to realize\nall the dreadful things they are performing. Oh no! Only because they do\nnot want to see the facts. Otherwise they would be troubled and worried\nin their pleasures. It is quite natural what people are telling you. How\ncould they do otherwise? I hear them telling about experiences, about\nutilities, and I know that they consider certain acts related to\nslaughtering as unavoidable. Perhaps they succeeded to win you over. I\nguess that from your letter. Still, considering the necessities only,\none might, perhaps, agree with such people. But is there really such a\nnecessity? The thesis may be contested. Perhaps there exists still some\nkind of necessity for such persons who have not yet developed into full\nconscious personalities. I am not preaching to them. I am writing this\nletter to you, to an already awakened individual who rationally controls\nhis impulses, who feels responsible - internally and externally - of his\nacts, who knows that our supreme court is sitting in our conscience.\nThere is no appellate jurisdiction against it. Is there any necessity by\nwhich a fully self-conscious man can be induced to slaughter? In the\naffirmative, each individual may have the courage to do it by his own\nhands. It is, evidently, a miserable kind of cowardice to pay other\npeople to perform the blood-stained job, from which the normal man\nrefrains in horror and dismay. Such servants are given some farthings\nfor their bloody work, and one buys from them the desired parts of the\nkilled animal - if possible prepared in such a way that it does not any\nmore recall the discomfortable circumstances, nor the animal, nor its\nbeing killed, nor the bloodshed. **I think that men will be killed and\ntortured as long as animals are killed and tortured. So long there will\nbe wars too. Because killing must be trained and perfected on smaller\nobjects, morally and technically.I see no reason to feel outraged by\nwhat others are doing, neither by the great nor by the smaller acts of\nviolence and cruelty. But, I think, it is high time to feel outraged by\nall the small and great acts of violence and cruelty which we perform\nourselves. And because it is much easier to win the smaller battles than\nthe big ones, I think we should try to get over first our own trends\ntowards smaller violence and cruelty, to avoid, or better, to overcome\nthem once and for all. Then the day will come when it will be easy for\nus to fight and to overcome even the great cruelties. But we are still\nsleeping, all of us, in habitudes and inherited attitudes. They are like\na fat, juicy sauce which helps us to swallow our own cruelties without\ntasting their bitterness.I have not the intention to point out with my\nfinger at this and that, at definite persons and definite situations. I\nthink it is much more my duty to stir up my own conscience in smaller\nmatters, to try to understand other people better, to get better and\nless selfish. Why should it be impossible then to act accordingly with\nregard to more important issues? That is the point: I want to grow up\ninto a better world where a higher law grants more happiness, in a new\nworld where God\u0026rsquo;s commandment reigns: You Shall Love Each Other.\u0026rdquo; Edgar\nKupfer-Koberwitz\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"12-when-discussing-animal-rights-it-is-always-important-that-you-have-balance-and-show-the-other-side-of-the-issue\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.2 When discussing animal rights, it is always important that you have balance and show the other side of the issue. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#12-when-discussing-animal-rights-it-is-always-important-that-you-have-balance-and-show-the-other-side-of-the-issue\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) If someone can talk about Negro slave emancipation without allowing\na KKK member to give the \u0026ldquo;other side\u0026rdquo; of the issue, if someone can talk\nabout hunting Nazi war criminals without showing the \u0026ldquo;other side\u0026rdquo; of the\nissue, and if a news reports on a \u0026ldquo;breakthrough\u0026rdquo; in cancer research\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t need to allow an animal rights activist to speak out on the\nperversion of altruism inherent in all animal research, then we don\u0026rsquo;t\nhave to do that either.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Since the preponderance of arguments on the subject of animal rights\nis favorable to the cause, a true balance is impossible. It is like\ntrying to find a balanced argument on the pros and cons of jumping off\nbuildings without parachutes. One side is definitely stronger than the\nother.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) The other side of the issue is always discussed in animal issues!\nSince the arguments in favor of animal exploitation are so weak why\nwould an animal rights activist not want to expose the stupidity and\nerroneous nature of the other side?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"13-you-support-animal-rights-therefore-you-must-support-blowing-up-buildings\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.3 You support animal rights, therefore you must support blowing up buildings. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#13-you-support-animal-rights-therefore-you-must-support-blowing-up-buildings\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) It appears you are in need of taking a logic class.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) You support human rights? therefore you must support the actions of\nJohn Brown, slavery abolitionist who killed pro-slavery people.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Last I checked, it is the people who support wars against unarmed\ncivilians who support blowing up buildings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) At least we don\u0026rsquo; t support beating and killing unarmed people. There\nare many many many cases of hunt supporters in the UK beating people\nwith whips, running them over with cars and horses-whether they be AR\nactivists, people just standing on their property, or reporters Hunt\nsaboteur, Mike Hill, was killed on the 9th of February 1991 at a meet of\nthe Cheshire Beagles. Towards the end of the day\u0026rsquo;s hunting, with no kill\nunder his belt, the huntsman boxed up his hounds in a small blue trailer\nbeing towed by an open-top pick-up truck. The kennel huntsman, ALLAN\nSUMMERSGILL, with another man, jumped into the pick-up and, on impulse,\nthree sabs(hunt saboteurs) who were nearby, jumped onto the back of it\nto prevent them driving the pack to another location to continue\nhunting. Summersgill drove off at high speeds down winding country roads\nfor 5 miles with the terrified sabs clinging onto the back. It is\nthought that Mike jumped from the pick-up as it slowed to take a bend.\nHe failed to clear the truck properly, and was caught between the truck\nand the trailer, which crushed him. Mike died where he lay on the road.\nDespite the thud, and the screams of the other sabs, Summersgill\ncontinued driving for a further mile. The truck only came to a halt when\none of the sabs smashed the rear window of the cab. The sab was hit with\na whip as he tried to stop the truck. Once it had stopped one sab ran\nback to Mike\u0026rsquo;s prone body while the other ran to a nearby house to call\nfor an ambulance. Summersgill drove off. He later handed himself in at a\npolice station. No charges were brought against him and in a travesty of\njustice, a verdict of \u0026lsquo;Accidental Death\u0026rsquo; was brought at the inquest.\nSummersgill is still hunting hares. 1993: On the 3rd of April 1993,\nT(h)om Worby, a 15 year old saboteur attending his first foxhunt\nprotest, was crushed under the wheels of the Cambridgeshire FH\u0026rsquo;s hound\nvan in an incident all too reminiscent of the killing of Mike Hill two\nyears before. After a successful day\u0026rsquo;s sabbing, the hunt had boxed up\nand sabs were making their way back to the meet down a narrow lane. As\nthe hound van came up behind them, revving its engine, sabs scrambled\nfor the roadside; however Tom\u0026rsquo;s jacket became snagged in the vehicles\nwing mirror and he was dragged some distance before he managed to gain a\nfoothold on the van\u0026rsquo;s running board. Although he banged on the window\nthe van kept going, and when Tom finally lost his grip, he fell onto the\nroad and under the truck\u0026rsquo;s wheels. His head was crushed by the rear\nwheels of the vehicle and he died shortly afterwards. No action was\ntaken against the driver of the hound van, 53-year-old huntsman ALAN\nBALL. 38-year-old KENNETH MANSBRIDGE, a supporter of the Hursley\nHambledon Foxhunt, convicted of Unlawful Wounding on a Green Party\nresearcher, who needed hospital treatment for serious head wounds after\nbeing kicked and beaten by a group of hunt followers 1991. MANSBRIDGE\nadmitted kicking the victim in the groin and punching him to the ground.\n(On the same day, another protester was beaten around the head with a\nspade, and left needing 10 stitches and a 6 and a half months pregnant\nwoman was hit on the head with half a brick, needing 4 stitches).\nMANSBRIDGE was sentenced to 140 hours community service and ordered to\npay costs of Ā£150. 1998: Supporter of the Dunston Harriers, PATRICK\nEVERETT managed to get the hunt banned from one village after he\nviciously attacked a party of 1 man, 2 women and four children who had\nstopped to watch the hunt pass by. He was fined Ā£800. (HSA News Feature\n5th August 1999) Hunt Violence courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://www.huntsabs.org.uk/\"\u003eHunt Saboteurs\nAssociation\u003c/a\u003e \u0026ldquo;In June 1990, hunt supporter\nJohn Newberry-Street gained much valuable anti-saboteur publicity when a\nnail-bomb was found under his Land Rover. Further investigation revealed\nthat he had planted the bomb himself and he later told police \u0026ldquo;I did it\nto discredit the animal rights saboteurs\u0026rdquo;. He was jailed for nine months\nfor his bomb hoax and asked for several other similar offences to be\ntaken into account.\u0026rdquo; January 1994 Duke of Buccleuch\u0026rsquo;s Foxhunt. An\nindependent academic, commissioned by the Scottish Office to carry out\nresearch on saboteurs and hunting, was knocked to the ground and kicked\nin the face by the huntsman as he tried to film a fox being killed. The\nhunt refused to apologise and later attempted to excuse their employee\u0026rsquo;s\nactions by saying they thought the man was a saboteur. \u0026ldquo;From now on,\nwe\u0026rsquo;re going to start hunting the saboteursā€¦\u0026ldquo;This is BFSS spokesman Nick\nHerbert\u0026rsquo;s chilling announcement of the introduction of \u0026ldquo;stewards\u0026rdquo; to\n\u0026ldquo;deal with\u0026rdquo; saboteurs. Mr John Weavers, a member of the rural community\nhunts claim to represent, was quietly sitting at home one Saturday\nafternoon in 1990 when the Cury Foxhunt rampaged through his property.\nWhen he asked them to leave and complained at the damage caused he was\nheadbutted by Geoffrey Thomas, master of the hunt, who then shunted one\nof Mr Weavers\u0026rsquo; cars into another. \u0026ldquo;one brave woman, a former hunt\nsupporter of many years\u0026rsquo; standing, has decided to stand up and speak out\nagainst this culture of violence. Her name is Lynn Sawyer and she was at\none time as committed to hunting as she is now repelled by it. She acted\nas a mole for the BFSS and found that saboteurs were not violent\nextremists motivated by class hatred, a tale she and every other hunt\nsupporter had been force-fed for years. Instead, she found that\nsaboteurs were on the whole deeply committed, sincere individuals who\nacted out of great and genuine concern for animals and that her own side\nwere deliberately distorting the truth and provoking violence simply to\nsuit their long-term political aims. Ironically, it was only the depth\nof her involvement in hunting that allowed her access to the inner\nechelons denied to most hunt supporters, where she encountered the\nbrutality behind the respectable facade which was to make her question\nher support for bloodsports and ultimately turn her back on that world\nfor ever. \u0026ldquo;For several reasons in 1990, I could no longer continue these\nactivities and I then spent four years trying to ascertain what exactly\nmy feelings were. I spent time with the Shire hunts (the Quorn,\nCottesmore, and Belvoir Foxhounds) and revisited the Essex before\ndeciding earlier this year that it was time to speak out in the hope of\nstemming the tide of grossly exaggerated anti-sab propaganda and the\nviolence it has brought to the field.I went to great lengths to discuss\nthe issue of hunt violence with the BFSS and other pro-hunting people\n[including John Hopkinson, Stephen Loveridge, Peter Smith and Nick\nHerbert of the BFSS and John Swift, director of the British Association\nfor Shooting and Conservation (BASC)] before, and indeed for some time\nafter, it became clear that I could not permeate their rather\nnarrow-minded way of thinking or change or influence any of them without\nbeing patronised or being singled out as a trouble-maker.\u0026rdquo; \u003ca href=\"http://www.huntsabs.org.uk/\"\u003eHunt\nSaboteurs Association\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) So much for anti-animal rights people caring about humans! \u0026ldquo;During\nthe winter of 1994 terrified young calves were flown from Coventry to\nend their lives in Dutch veal-crates. A few people started protesting at\nthe airport gates. Jill Phipps was one. As a transporter came down the\nroad to the gates she would run to it, banging on the door with her\nfists, shouting at the drivers to think about the suffering they\ncaused.. The few police there would turn out and simply man-handle her\nand anyone else behaving similarly out of the way. Then came February\n1st 1995. There were about 76 police there that day. There were about 32\ndemonstrators. That\u0026rsquo;s over two police to every decent person there.\nThere were enough of them to surround the transporter and walk it\nthrough!! Jill and a few others eluded the police, most of whom were in\na van at the back, and reached the transporter. Any good driver would\nhave stopped until it was safe to continue, but Stephen Yates just drove\non, regardless and uncaring. Jill was crushed and died on the way to\nhospital. Our mother, Nancy, was with her. The driver has never been\ncharged, not even with \u0026ldquo;driving without due care \u0026amp; attention\u0026rdquo;. AT THE\nINQUEST THE POLICE STATED THAT THEIR ACTIONS HAD BEEN PLANNED BY A\nSPECIALIST TACTICIAN, AND THAT THE DAY HAD BEEN VERY SUCCESSFUL ā€¦\u0026rdquo; Zab\nPhipps (see \u003ca href=\"https://instbioingecosist.blogspot.com/2014/02/jill-phipps-life-fighting-for-animal.html\"\u003eJill Phipps: A life fighting for animal\nrights\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) Although we know that hunters, not being the smartest of people,\nhave been known to shoot each other in the woods, here is just a few\nrecent examples of hunters shooting and killing non-hunters. [Editor:\nMany of the links provided are no longer available after 20 yrs,\nhowever, there are plenty of accounts online about hunters shooting\nhumans.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWis. 1.3.0.0.1 woman walking dogs shot by hunter\u003c/strong\u003e Associated Press ā€”\nDec. 3, 2001 CHIPPEWA FALLS, Wis. ā€” A woman walking her dogs was\nmistakenly shot and killed by a deer hunter. \u0026ldquo;He saw movement and\nmistook her for an animal and shot her,\u0026rdquo; Tom Bokelman, a safety officer\nwith the state Natural Resources Department. The 47-year-old woman was\nwearing a white cap and dark clothing when she was shot Saturday,\nDec. 1. The hunter was using a muzzleloader, as part of a special\nmuzzleloader deer season. Muzzleloaders are single-shot rifles in which\nthe powder and shot are loaded through the end of the barrel instead of\nthe breech. The district attorney will decide whether to file charges.\n(link NA at espn.go.com)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHunter\u0026rsquo;s 1.3.0.0.1.0ā€¦1 bullet possibly kills Penn. woman\u003c/strong\u003e Associated\nPress ā€” Nov. 28, 2001 MILL RUN, Pa. ā€” A 66-year-old woman was killed\nwhen a bullet apparently fired by a hunter went through a window, wall\nand a door in her home and struck her in the neck, authorities said.\nMeriel Renee Bowser was struck by the bullet in her bedroom Tuesday\nafternoon, Nov. 28, and died shortly afterward, according to police.\n\u0026ldquo;The odds of (a bullet) coming through the woods, not hitting a tree,\ngoing through all that material in the house and hitting a person is ā€¦\nmillion-to-one odds,\u0026rdquo; said Charles May of the Pennsylvania Game\nCommission. State police and Game Commission officials were\ninvestigating. A hunter was being questioned Tuesday and the hunter\u0026rsquo;s\nrifle had been taken to determine whether the bullet that killed Bowser\nwas fired from that gun. Authorities said the hunter, who was not\nidentified, was at least 450 yards away from Bowser\u0026rsquo;s home. State law\nrequires hunters to be at least 150 yards from a residence. Mill Run is\nin Fayette County in southwestern Pennsylvania. (link NA at espn.go.com)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCONNECTICUT 1.3.0.0.1.0ā€¦1.0..1 Man Walking His Dog Killed By Hunter\u003c/strong\u003e\nA Coventry man was charged with illegal hunting and manslaughter in late\nOctober after he shot and killed a Massachusetts man walking in the\nwoods. Coventry police responding to a report of gunshots found Ronald\nEckert Jr., 33, of Hingham, Mass., wounded from gunfire. Eckert died at\nthe scene despite resuscitation efforts. Brian McMahon, Jr., 23, was\ncharged with manslaughter, illegal discharge of a firearm, hunting\nwithout a license, illegal deer hunting, hunting on a Sunday,\ntrespassing and failure to wear an orange vest. He was held on $250,000\nbond. Police say the two men did not know each other. Apparently McMahon\nmistook Eckert for a deer. (link NA at \u003ca href=\"https://www.gunsandgear.com\"\u003ewww.gunsandgear.com\u003c/a\u003e aka\nespn.go.com)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI guess one can say that being able to go out and kill a four legged\nanimal is more important than protecting the lives of two legged ones:\n\u003cstrong\u003eShooters yesterday criticised the four-year sentence for\nmanslaughter\u003c/strong\u003e handed down to a deer hunter who accidentally shot a man\nout walking his dog. The state executive officer of the Sporting\nShooters\u0026rsquo; Association of Australia, David Barton, said the verdict was\nunfair and that Robert John Osip the court had made an example of him to\nsend a message to other shooters and hunters. Osip, 21, pleaded not\nguilty to the manslaughter of Gary Paterson, 20, at Warburton on\nFebruary 19, 1999. Osip and his friend, Brian Davey, were hunting for\nSambar deer in the Warburton State Forest when the shooting occurred on\nMcDonald Track, a forestry road. The two men were only 180 metres from\nthe main road, Warburton-Woods Point Road. Osip had claimed to see the\nneck and shoulders of a deer when he fired his gun but initially told\npolice he saw a shape he believed was a deer. Mr Paterson was walking\nhis labrador-cross through a clearing in the bush. Osip fired one shot\nin the direction of the noise, hitting Mr Paterson in the shoulder and\ncausing extensive damage to his lungs. The two men heard someone cry out\nand ran to find Mr Paterson. They took him to Warburton hospital, where\nhe later died. Justice Coldrey said Osip had breached a shooting code\nwarning shooters not to fire at movement, color, sound or shape or near\nresidential property. He said Osip fell far short of the standard of\ncare a reasonable person would have exercised. Justice Coldrey said he\naccepted Osip had seen a color in the foliage but \u0026ldquo;at no time\u0026rdquo; did he\nadequately identify his target as a deerā€¦ā€¦Lawyers for Osip said\nyesterday they would be appealing the sentence. (link NA at\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.theage.com.au\"\u003ewww.theage.com.au\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHunter\u0026rsquo;s stray bullet hits man in pizzeria NAZARETH, Pa. (AP) A man was\nshot in the neck while eating a slice of pizza when a bullet apparently\nfired by a deer hunter crashed through the window of a restaurant\nSaturday evening, police said. The bullet entered Sal\u0026rsquo;s Pizza and\nRestaurant on Route 512 at about 5 p.m. Saturday, ricocheted off the\nwindow frame, and struck John Calvert, 52, of Saylorsburg, officials\nsaid. \u0026ldquo;When I heard the sound, I looked up and saw a man stand, grab his\nneck, take a step or two and collapse,\u0026rdquo; said Carl Garrison, a delivery\nperson at the restaurant, which is south of Wind Gap and nearly\nsurrounded by fields and woods. ā€¦ā€¦Police searched the area and took a\nhunter into custody. Coopersmith said the hunter had a .30-caliber rifle\nand the slug will be examined to see if it matches the rifle. \u0026ldquo;He was\nprobably in the woods that sit on the other side of those fields and the\ndeer crossed the field and he took the shot,\u0026rdquo; Coopersmith said. \u0026ldquo;Where\nhe was, he was probably within his rights to be in the area, but you\nhave to know what you are shooting at. You can\u0026rsquo;t shoot toward roads and\nyou can\u0026rsquo;t shoot at buildings.\u0026rdquo;. Monday, December 3, 2001 (link NA at\ntimesonline.com)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHunter\u0026rsquo;s 1.3.0.0.1.0ā€¦2 stray bullet kills Quebec man\u003c/strong\u003e CHICOUTIMI,\nQue. (CP) - A Quebec man is dead after being struck in the head by a\nstray bullet from the gun of a 13-year-old boy. Marcel Savard, 69, of\nJonquiere, Que. was hit Wednesday afternoon by a bullet from a\n.22-calibre hunting rifle fired by a teenager, who was small game\nhunting with a teenage friend. The young hunters were not accompanied by\nan adult. Jonquiere municipal police said the shooter saw a figure in\nthe distance and fired a single shot. The figure dropped immediately.\nThe teenager ran toward the victim immediately and was shocked to find\nSavard hunched over. When the boy touched him Savard fell to the ground,\nrevealing a stream of blood flowing from his head. Shocked and\npanicking, the young boy ran home to his mother and alerted her. \u0026ldquo;I\nthink I killed someone,\u0026rdquo; he told the police after his mother had\nsummoned them. Laurent Bouchard, the interim Crown prosecutor, asked for\nan additional investigation Thursday to determine how a 13-year-old boy\ncould get his hands on a loaded rifle. The law regarding firearms\nstrictly forbids possession and use of guns for people under 18 years of\nage, except in some very specific situations. However, even in those\nexceptions, the law requires a minor to be accompanied by an adult who\nlegally owns the firearm. Shooting an unidentified figure near an urban\nenvironment contravenes standard hunting safety rules. Charges could be\nlaid against the teenager, and eventually against his parents depending\non the results of the investigation. The boy\u0026rsquo;s identity is protected\nunder the Young Offenders Act. In November, a Quebec man was shot and\nwounded outside his home near Lytton by an eight-year-old boy. Police\nsay the youngster sneaked out of his family\u0026rsquo;s home with his dad\u0026rsquo;s\nhunting rifle, crept through the woods and then shot the man, who was\nseriously wounded. The boy, who police said is experienced with guns,\ncannot be charged because he is under 12 although his father may face\nweapons storage charges.(\u003ca href=\"https://www.canoe.ca\"\u003ewww.canoe.ca\u003c/a\u003e NA)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNigerian 1.3.0.0.1.0ā€¦3 hunter kills man he mistook for a warthog\u003c/strong\u003e\n(April 04, 2000) An article on iol.co.za reports that a distraught\nhunter in Nigeria shot dead a farmer he mistook for a warthog. He has\nturned himself in to local authorities. The gunman was apparently on a\nhunting expedition at Igbo-Ata in Ekiti State in the south-western\nregion of Nigeria when the incident took place. (link NA at\nwildnetafrica.co.za)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBear 1.3.0.0.2 eats hunter in Russian province\u003c/strong\u003e Reuters ā€” Dec. 25,\n2001 MOSCOW ā€” A hungry bear ate a hunter in Russia\u0026rsquo;s Jewish autonomous\nregion in the country\u0026rsquo;s far east, Interfax reported on Monday, Dec. 24.\nThe half-eaten remains of the local man, who had gone hunting the\nprevious day, were discovered near the village of Landakoz, set in the\nregion\u0026rsquo;s bleak taiga. It was not clear if the bear had killed the hunter\nor whether the man had died of cold before the scavenging animal found\nhim, Interfax quoted local officials as saying. Bears have been known to\nattack humans in the region before, but usually during the late summer\nor early autumn while searching for wild mushrooms and berries. (link NA\nat espn.go.com)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTrespassers 1.3.0.0.2.0ā€¦3.0..2 allegedly assault landowner\u003c/strong\u003e After\nasking a group of Rhode Island men to leave his land, the Maine\nlandowner was assaulted. The attack enrages local sportsmen and\ncomplicates access issues as posted land becomes the norm By Glenn Adams\nAssociated Press ā€” Nov. 18, 2001 THORNDIKE, Maine ā€” Along the edges of\nwoods and fields in this rural Waldo County town, the bright orange and\nyellow signs are popping up everywhere: No hunting. It wasn\u0026rsquo;t always\nthat way.\u0026ldquo;We\u0026rsquo;ve never posted our land. It\u0026rsquo;s all posted now, all 300\nacres of it,\u0026rdquo; said William Johnson, whose family has owned property in\nthe area for four generations. The new keep-off signs started showing up\non trees and fenceposts across the rolling countryside after Johnson\u0026rsquo;s\nbrother, Richard, was assaulted after asking a group of hunters to leave\nhis property in Jackson, a tiny town bordering Thorndike. Johnson, 58,\nwas upset that the Rhode Island men had not asked permission to use his\nland and were in an area near homes with children, said his brother.\n\u0026ldquo;Over the years, we\u0026rsquo;ve never had trouble with hunters,\u0026rdquo; William Johnson\nsaid. \u0026ldquo;We all hunt.\u0026rdquo; Richard Johnson was still recovering from his\ninjuries last week and declined to be interviewed, but his family\nconfirmed the police account of the Nov. 7 incident. Johnson blew the\nhorn of a pickup truck belonging to the hunters, then propped a stick\nagainst it so it sounded continuously. There was a confrontation and one\nof the hunters knocked off Johnson\u0026rsquo;s hat. When Johnson bent over he was\nattacked. His face was pounded until it was black and blue, and his\nteeth were broken. He crawled into his house dazed and bleeding, and\npassed out. He was out of work until last Wednesday. A hunter from\nFoster, R.I., Vincent DeCarlo, is free on bail pending a Dec. 18 hearing\nin Belfast District Court on a charge of aggravated assault, police\nsaid.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"14-if-animals-have-rights-then-they-must-be-able-to-have-the-same-rights-as-us-such-as-voting--\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.4 If animals have rights, then they must be able to have the same rights as us, such as voting -\u0026gt; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#14-if-animals-have-rights-then-they-must-be-able-to-have-the-same-rights-as-us-such-as-voting--\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, if we give animals rights, we must give plants and all\nother organisms rights too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Sure - and if we can do that then fine. But if we are unable to give\nrights to all lifeforms - it doesnt mean we should just give up and not\ngive rights to any. If we say that - then one could decide they only\ncare about people within their own race/religion/gender/age\ngroup/economic status. Some people already do it anyway ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Okay but you can be the one to go around to every plant, animal and\nbacteria on the planet and ensure they got their voter\u0026rsquo;s guide.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"15-only-humans-can-form-moral-contracts-with-other-humans-since-we-cannot-make--\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.5 Only humans can form moral contracts with other humans. Since we cannot make -\u0026gt; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#15-only-humans-can-form-moral-contracts-with-other-humans-since-we-cannot-make--\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esocial/moral contracts with other species, we should not care about how\nwe treat them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Why does a moral contract have to be reciprocal? We make special\narrangements for infants, and humans that are mentally challenged -\nwithout requiring that they ā€œreturn the favorā€. Why should other species\nbe treated to a different standard?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) We can and do have social and moral contracts with other species. We\nknow that if an animal, its offspring, or its territory is threatened,\nor it is hungry, we can expect it to react accordingly. That is a social\ncontract. By contrast, there are humans who make moral and social\ncontracts with other humans ā€” and then break them. And yet we do not\nturn them into laboratory fodder.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) If this argument is applied fairly and equally to a human rights\nscenario, then it would have significant consequences for humans that\nare either children, or are stricken with brain damage, mental illness,\nor some disease which prevents them from making a social/moral contract\nwith others. By the logic of this argument ā€” these humans could be\nexploited for medical research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"16-what-about-grizzly-bears-they-eat-other-species-shouldnt-we-do-something-to-stop-that\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.6 What about grizzly bears? They eat other species, shouldn\u0026rsquo;t we do something to stop that? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#16-what-about-grizzly-bears-they-eat-other-species-shouldnt-we-do-something-to-stop-that\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) That defies the whole meaning of animal rights. humans do not need\nto hold a paternalism over the actions of other animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) If there were over 6 billion grizzly bears who didn\u0026rsquo;t need the fish\nto survive, then maybe they would need to decide what to do about it,\nbut that isn\u0026rsquo; t any of our business as humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Oh yeah - and while you\u0026rsquo;re at it - better stop spiders from eating\nflies and flies from eating smaller bugs and bacteria from eating other\nbacteria ā€¦ get back to me when you figure out how to police them - until\nthen we better stick to what we can do - policing ourselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Other species do things to survive ā€¦ they may do things we donā€™t\nfeel are consistent with our ethics - but we have ethics to control our\nbehavior - other species are able to function without the types of\nethical systems we propose. They don\u0026rsquo;t have the option to not kill if\nthey wish to survive. But they don\u0026rsquo;t go around killing other species for\noil, money, religion etc. when they do-they can deal with their ethical\nconduct - until then - humans are the species we have to worry about.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) This argument tries to say that if some group is exempt from the\nsame moral conduct that is expected of humans - then they should be\nexcluded from any rights to protection or respect. By this logic\nchildren, the mentally retarded and comatose people do not deserve\nrights to protection since they cannot reason and formulate ethical\npositions like adult humans can.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"17-frogs-dont-care-about-morality-when-they-eats-flies--\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.7 Frogs don\u0026rsquo;t care about morality when they eats flies -\u0026gt; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#17-frogs-dont-care-about-morality-when-they-eats-flies--\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eso if I am equal to them, shouldnt I be able to do the same and do as I\nwant?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Since you want to be regarded as being able to do everything a frog\ncan, or cannot do, then I guess you will be indifferent to human\nsuffering, after all, a frog would be. So since a frog can\u0026rsquo;t help a\ndrowning human, you wouldn\u0026rsquo;t either. After all, you want to have the\nsame moral equality and responsibility as a frog.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"18-animal-activists-drive-on-roads-causing-animals-to-lose-their-lives--\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.8 Animal activists drive on roads causing animals to lose their lives -\u0026gt; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#18-animal-activists-drive-on-roads-causing-animals-to-lose-their-lives--\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand live in homes that have caused animals to lose their lives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) No one is perfect. A lot of humans were killed through wars to build\none\u0026rsquo;s country - whether you live in Europe or North America or Asia. No\none tells a human rights activist he must rocket himself to a desert\nisland in order to be against human exploitation - therefore the same is\ntrue for animal activists.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Thousands of people are killed by automobiles each year. If you are\nin favor of human rights - do you refrain from driving?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"19-you-may-think-you-avoid-all-unnecessary-suffering-but-how-many-animals-died-in-the-fields-to-grow-your-plants-for-food\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.9 You may think you avoid all unnecessary suffering, but how many animals died in the fields to grow your plants for food? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#19-you-may-think-you-avoid-all-unnecessary-suffering-but-how-many-animals-died-in-the-fields-to-grow-your-plants-for-food\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Don\u0026rsquo;t know - but it is a lot less than the number that were killed\nin the fields to grow the food used to feed the cattle you eat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) That\u0026rsquo;s an ad hominem attack. Instead of addressing the issue you are\nattacking me for any faults I may have. It is a separate issue but you\ncite it to divert attention from your own wrongdoing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) There are ways to provide food without causing as much harm to other\nlifeā€”eating meat is far more destructive.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) So what are you saying? We should eat raw minerals? You start.\nHere\u0026rsquo;s a rock - bite it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) Oh I see - so since we cannot avoid all suffering we should just let\npeople eat meat, hunt, fish, use animals in rodeos, research etc. But\nwhy stop there? Why not let people kill each other, enslave other\nhumans, abuse children. They are doing it anyway and since suffering\ncannot be avoided completely why bother to try at all? RIGHT?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"110-the-steven-davis-ruminant-pasture-model-claiming-to-kill-fewer-lifeforms-than-vegan\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.10 The Steven Davis ruminant-pasture model claiming to kill fewer lifeforms than vegan. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#110-the-steven-davis-ruminant-pasture-model-claiming-to-kill-fewer-lifeforms-than-vegan\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom TIME magazine (week of July 8, 2002): An argument championed by\nSteven Davis, professor of animal science at Oregon State University,\npoints \u0026ldquo;to the number of field animals inadvertently killed during crop\nproduction and harvest. One study showed that simply mowing an alfalfa\nfield caused a 50% reduction in the gray-tailed vole population.\nMortality rates increase with each pass of the tractor to plow, plant\nand harvest. Rabbits, mice and pheasants, he says, are the\nindiscriminate \u0026ldquo;collateral damage\u0026rdquo; of row crops and the grain\nindustryā€¦By contrast, grazing (not grain-fed) ruminants such as cattle\nproduce food and require fewer entries into the fields with tractors and\nother equipment. Applying (and upending) Regan\u0026rsquo;s least-harm theory,\nDavis proposes a ruminant-pasture model of food production, which would\nreplace poultry and pork production with beef, lamb and dairy products.\nAccording to his calculations, such a model would result in the deaths\nof 300 million fewer animals annually (counting both field animals and\ncattle) than would a completely vegan model. \u0026ldquo;By Richard Corliss,\nReported by Melissa August and Matthew Cooper/Washington, David Bjerklie\nand Lisa McLaughlin/New York, Wendy Cole/Chicago and Jeffrey Ressner/\nLos Angeles. [Editor: see item h) below, which demonstrates the\nincorrectness of the Davis argument.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) From Time article: \u0026ldquo;When asked about Davis\u0026rsquo; arguments, (Tom) Regan,\nhowever, still sees a distinction: \u0026ldquo;The real question is whether to\nsupport production systems whose very reason for existence is to kill\nanimals. Meat eaters do. Ethical vegetarians do not.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) The questionable moral reasoning of Steven Davis\u0026rsquo;s argument can be\ndescribed as thus: Imagine you are driving along and you come to a\nforked road. One way is covered in darkness, the other has some children\nplaying in the center of it. By Davis\u0026rsquo; logic, it is better to drive\nthrough and deliberately kill the children instead of taking the other\nroute where you may end up killing more that you can\u0026rsquo;t see - OR getting\nout and walking to check if the route is clear (after all, who says crop\nharvesting MUST be done by only one type of tractor - the most\ndestructive?).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) What about the effects of grazing on wildlife populations? The\nkilling of natural predators to keep cattle and sheep from being killed?\nWhat about the pollution to rivers from grazing? How many aquatic\norganisms will be killed because of grazing? What about the trampling of\ninsects by cattle and sheep? Has Davis calculated their deaths or do\nthey not count? This argument to replace all crops with meat and dairy\ngrazing leaves a lot of questions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) A completely vegan model would require one to ask: Who says crop\nharvesting must be done in the same way as it is currently? Davis is not\nmaking any effort to calculate alternative methods for harvesting or\ngrowing crops. What about greenhouses? What about switching to crops\nthat cause less damage? What about harvesting machinery that is less\nintrusive? That is what a true vegan perspective would ask. As a meat\neater who profits from the animal industry, Davis is not able to\ncomprehend what a completely vegan model would be.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) Baby steps. Eliminate meat and dairy production, and then switch to\nlower yield, less harmful agricultural practices.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) But by Davis\u0026rsquo; argument, a lot of meat eating humans would be\ncurrently guilty of causing DOUBLE harm. They eat crops (since very few\nare true carnivores), and they eat meat that was raised on grain that\nkilled animals in fields. Vegetarians only eat crops. Veganism still\ncomes out as more desirable morally.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eg) Studies of all but invisible animal populations in fields can be\nskewed for anyone\u0026rsquo;s agenda. Let\u0026rsquo;s use basic hard facts: you raise\nanimals for meat, you are directly killing animals. You raise plants for\nfood, you may indirectly kill animals. Most sensible people would say\nthat it is better to avoid direct killing, than engage in it out of fear\nof causing indirect killing. (See response b)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eh) \u003ca href=\"https://fewd.univie.ac.at/fileadmin/user_upload/inst_ethik_wiss_dialog/Matheny__G._2003_Defense_of_Veg__in_J._Agric_Ethics.pdf\"\u003eLEAST\nHARM\u003c/a\u003e:\nA DEFENSE OF VEGETARIANISM FROM STEVEN DAVISā€™S OMNIVOROUS PROPOSAL\n(submission to the Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics,\nJanuary 2003 Gaverick Matheny, Duke University) ā€¦ \u0026ldquo;Davis does not\nsucceed in showing this is preferable to vegetarianism. First, Davis\nmakes a mathematical error in using total rather than per capita\nestimates of animals killed; second, he focuses on the number of animals\nkilled in ruminant and crop production systems and ignores important\nconsiderations about the welfare of animals under both systems; and\nthird, he does not consider the number of animals who are prevented from\nexisting under the two systems. After correcting for these errors,\nDavisā€™s argument makes a strong case for, rather than against, adopting\na vegetarian diet.\u0026quot;ā€¦. First, Davis makes an error in calculating how\nmany animals would be killed to feed a vegan-vegetarian population. He\nexplains: \u0026ldquo;There are 120 million ha of cropland harvested in the USA\neach year. If all of that land was used to produce crops to support a\nvegan diet, and if 15 animals of the field are killed per ha per year,\nthen 15 x 120 million = 1800 million or 1.8 billion animals would be\nkilled annually to produce a vegan diet for the USA (p. 5). Davis\nestimates that only 7.5 animals of the field per hectare die in\nruminant-pasture. If we were to convert half of the 120 million hectares\nof U.S. cropland to ruminant-pasture and half to growing vegetables,\nDavis claims we could feed the U.S. population on a diet of ruminant\nmeat and crops and kill only 1.35 billion animals annually in the\nprocess. Thus, Davis concludes his omnivorous proposal would save the\nlives of 450 million animals each year (p. 6-7). Davis mistakenly\nassumes the two systemsā€”crops only and crops with ruminant-pastureā€”using\nthe same total amount of land, would feed identical numbers of people\n(i.e., the U.S. population). In fact, crop and ruminant systems produce\ndifferent amounts of food per hectare - the two systems would feed\ndifferent numbers of people. To properly compare the harm caused by the\ntwo systems, we ought to calculate how many animals are killed in\nfeeding equal populationsā€”or the number of animals killed per consumer.\nā€¦..Davis suggests the number of wild animals killed per hectare in crop\nproduction (15) is twice that killed in ruminant-pasture (7.5). If this\nis true, then as long as crop production uses less than half as many\nhectares as ruminant-pasture to deliver the same amount of food, a\nvegetarian will kill fewer animals than an omnivore. In fact, crop\nproduction uses less than half as many hectares as grass-fed dairy and\none-tenth as many hectares as grass-fed beef to deliver the same amount\nof protein. In one year, 1,000 kilograms of protein can be produced on\nas few as 1.0 hectares planted with soy and corn, 2.6 hectares used as\npasture for grass-fed dairy cows, or 10 hectares used as pasture for\ngrass-fed beef cattle (Vandehaar 1998; UNFAO 1996). As such, to obtain\nthe 20 kilograms of protein per year recommended for adults, a\nvegan-vegetarian would kill 0.3 wild animals annually, a\nlacto-vegetarian would kill 0.39 wild animals, while a Davis-style\nomnivore would kill 1.5 wild animals. Thus, correcting Davisā€™s math, we\nsee that a vegan-vegetarian population would kill the fewest number of\nwild animals, followed closely by a lacto-vegetarian population.\nHowever, suppose this were not the case and that, in fact, fewer animals\nwould be killed under Davisā€™s omnivorism. Would it follow that Davisā€™s\nplan causes the least harm? Not necessarily. Early in the paper, Davis\nshifts from discussing the harm done to animals under different\nagricultural systems to the number of animals killed. This shift is not\nexplained by Davis and is not justified by the most common moral views,\nall of which recognize harms other than death.\u0026rdquo; ā€¦ \u0026ldquo;Although Davis does\nnot show omnivorism is preferable to vegetarianism, he should be\ncommended for emphasizing the importance of farmed animal welfare as a\nmoral issue, now emerging as one of the most significant of the day.\nPredictably, his argument has been cited as a justification for\ntraditional omnivorism (Corliss 2002), a misreading Davis did not intend\nand one that any faithful reading of his paper should prevent. The type\nof ruminant production Davis proposes is a world apart from the\nomnivorism prevalent in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"111-more-animals-are-killed-for-a-vegetarian-diet-than-by-hunters-therefore-hunting-is-more-compassionate-than-vegetarianism\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.11 More animals are killed for a vegetarian diet than by hunters, therefore, hunting is more compassionate than vegetarianism. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#111-more-animals-are-killed-for-a-vegetarian-diet-than-by-hunters-therefore-hunting-is-more-compassionate-than-vegetarianism\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Ideally, animals that may be killed in fields etc to grow food for\nvegetarians are killed unintentionally. Hunters kill intentionally. Thus\nvegetarianism is more compassionate, since it seeks to eliminate\nunnecessary suffering and killing, not encourage it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) And yet growing your own vegetarian food in a garden would be more\ncompassionate than hunting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) It is impossible to gauge how many animals are killed in fields. The\nanswer is not to advocate hunting, but to find the best way to avoid\nkilling animals to grow food.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) By that logic, someone may decide that resorting to cannibalism\nwould be more compassionate than hunting. Why prey on other species for\nyour survival when you can prey on your own?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) If everyone went and hunted for food, it would kill alot more\nanimals than in fields that grow food for vegetarians.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"112-your-values-deem-animals-to-be-right-holders-whereas-others-deem-them-to-be-resource--\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.12 Your values deem animals to be right-holders whereas others deem them to be resource -\u0026gt; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#112-your-values-deem-animals-to-be-right-holders-whereas-others-deem-them-to-be-resource--\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is the former and not the latter that has the ethical obligation to\nstop killing them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) By that logic, if someone doesnt believe that others are\nrights-holders, they don\u0026rsquo;t have any obligation to stop those acts that\nviolate them. So a racist can go and lynch blacks because he doesn\u0026rsquo;t\nvalue them as equals. A child abuser can do likewise. You haven\u0026rsquo;t proven\nwhy all humans should regard all humans as rights-holders and you need\nto in order to defend human rights while you attack animal rights.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) You demand moral perfection from animal activists, and you say that\nhumans have rights, and yet you pay taxes and live in a country that has\nexploited and killed humans in the past and to the present. So by your\nown logic you must divest yourself from all acts that contribute to the\nviolation of human rights, even if it is impossible to be morally\nperfect.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"113-what-if-you-were-attacked-by-a-bear-would-you-let-the-bear-kill-you\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.13 What if you were attacked by a bear? Would you let the bear kill you? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#113-what-if-you-were-attacked-by-a-bear-would-you-let-the-bear-kill-you\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you wouldn\u0026rsquo;t - and you kill the bearā€“then you can\u0026rsquo;t be for animal\nrights.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) If i enter known bear territory than it is up to me to know better.\nBut assuming it was unavoidable, defending yourself is a matter of self\ninterest. If you commit an act in self interest it does not mean you are\nagainst the rights of others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) If a civil/human rights activist is attacked by a thief ā€“ and he\ndefends himself, does that mean he is against civil/human rights?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) I live in a civilization where I can go to the grocery store and buy\nsoy dogs, veggie burgers, soy milk, rice, beans, bagels, vegan cream\ncheese, organic fruits and vegetables, etc.. There is no reason why I\nwould ever be in a situation where a wild bear would attack me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"114-other-species-are-not-bound-by-the-same-rules-as-humans--\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.14 Other species are not bound by the same rules as humans. -\u0026gt; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#114-other-species-are-not-bound-by-the-same-rules-as-humans--\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLions eat gazelles (so why should we respect either the gazelles or the\nlions?) Nor are other species capable of reciprocal morality (we are\nsupposed to respect them but they donā€™t respect us)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) But some of the mentally retarded, mentally deranged, or children\nare not conscious of the meaning of rights and yet they are given them\nwithout conditions. We donā€™t expect reciprocal morality from them, so\nwhy from nonhuman animals? Lions and other predators need to eat meat to\nsurvive. Humans donā€™t. Furthermore, lions and other large predators base\ntheir aggression on survival interests. If they donā€™t feel threatened or\naren\u0026rsquo;t defending territory or aren\u0026rsquo;t hungry ā€“ they donā€™t attack. In that\nsense, there is an \u0026ldquo;ethical conduct\u0026rdquo; to how other species behave, and\nunlike some humans, they don\u0026rsquo;t make promises they have no intention of\nkeeping.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"115-if-it-is-ok-for-the-lion-to-hunt-it-should-be-ok-for-me-to-hunt--\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.15 If it is ok for the lion to hunt it should be ok for me to hunt. -\u0026gt; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#115-if-it-is-ok-for-the-lion-to-hunt-it-should-be-ok-for-me-to-hunt--\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe lion hunts in his own way. So does the snake, spider, eagle, etc ā€¦\nalso the HUMAN hunts in their own way. It is not impossible for humans\nto fly of spend long periods of time under water ā€¦ IN THEIR OWN WAY.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) If it is okay for you to say that you should be able to hunt if a\nlion does, someone else can say, using your argument, that they should\nbe able to deal with breeding and offspring just like a lion. Male lions\nand grizzlies have been known to kill the offspring of rival males.\nHumans should be able to also ā€“ by your logic. You can\u0026rsquo;t attack someone\nelse for using the same reasoning you employ.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Humans are not naturally equipped like a lion or wolf for hunting.\nThey are born for it. If humans were born for it, all humans would be\ndoing it. Yet they aren\u0026rsquo;t.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Did you suddenly become a lion?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) The sillygism (from physics forum discussion \u0026ldquo;\u003ca href=\"https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/philosophy-should-we-eat-meat.9715/\"\u003eShould we eat\nmeat?\u003c/a\u003e\u0026rdquo;)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is moral for an animal to eat meat. \\ Humans are animals. \\\nTherefore, It is moral for humans to eat meat\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReply 1.15.0.0.2.1 by physicsisphirst:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eyour 3 pt item is either incorrect or tautology. here\u0026rsquo;s why:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1: It is moral for an animal to eat meat. \\ 2: Humans are animals. \\\n3: It is moral for humans to eat meat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003elet us consider exactly what \u0026ldquo;an animal\u0026rdquo; is. it is either a) human or b)\nnon-human.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eso if it is the latter your syllogism reads:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1: It is moral for a non-human animal to eat meat. \\ 2: Humans are\nanimals. \\ 3: It is moral for humans to eat meat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003enow you can probably see that 3. doesn\u0026rsquo;t follow from 1. and 2. (hence\nincorrectness).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand if it is the former your sillygism becomes tautology and looks like\nthis:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1: It is moral for a human animal to eat meat. \\ 2: Humans are animals.\n\\ 3: It is moral for humans to eat meat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhich is like saying if you are redundant, then you are redundant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReply 1.15.0.0.2.2 from cogito:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecogito 12-17-2004, 09:10 PM\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOneeye\u0026rsquo;s amendment: \\ ā€” \\ Given my clarification, I restate:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1: It is moral for any member of Animalia to kill and/or eat other\nmembers of Animalia. \\ 2: Humans are members of Animalia. \\ 3: It is\nmoral for humans to kill and/or eat other members of Animalia.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow do you reply to this? \\ ā€”\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis thread is so long, I\u0026rsquo;m not sure anybody has pointed out extremely\nobvious and equally absurd consequence of this argument, so apologies if\nthis is redundant. This argument implies that it is permissible for\nhumans to kill and eat other humans if they desire to. So, Oneeye, how\ndo you reply to that?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Editor: An observation that comes in 2022 (more that 15 yrs later) is\nhow could oneeye make such a ridiculous absurdity? It didn\u0026rsquo;t occur to us\nat the time, but we think he did because the idea that meat comes from\nactual animals may not have quite sunk in. In other words, meat is\nsomething you eat rather than something that is taken from a living\nbeing. Carol Adams refers to this victim as the \u003ca href=\"https://caroljadams.blogspot.com/2009/10/\"\u003eAbsent\nReferent\u003c/a\u003e.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"116-i-cant-see-the-difference-between-me-eating-a-deer-racism-by-your-definition-and-a-lion-eating-a-deer-you-apply-distinctly-human-standards-to-a-trans-species-hypothesis\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.16 I can\u0026rsquo;t see the difference between me eating a deer (racism by your definition) and a lion eating a deer. You apply distinctly human standards to a trans-species hypothesis. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#116-i-cant-see-the-difference-between-me-eating-a-deer-racism-by-your-definition-and-a-lion-eating-a-deer-you-apply-distinctly-human-standards-to-a-trans-species-hypothesis\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) A lion is biologically adapted to eat animals. No tools, no\ntrickery. Claws, jaws, teeth, (needle-barbed) tongue. Humans dont have\nthe equipment for it. You can say we have the brain to create tools\netc..but that means we also have the brain to get food from other\nsources besides meat. And it is not applying distinctly human standards\nto other species YOUR argument does. You want lions to follow human\ndefinitions of morality, or to abandon any responsibility towards\nnonhumans if they cannot. Lions dont have the system of ethical\nreasoning that humans use. Essentially you are wondering why a blind man\ncant read road signs, or why a man with no arms cant catch a football.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) The main difference is that humans have systems of ethics that say\none should try to be fair and as just as possible to others. Under that\nbelief, humans have to justify discriminating against others (human or\nnot). Other species do not, as far as we can tell, employ systems of\nethics that change over time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Lions need to eat meat. Humans do not. Since eating meat involves\ndiscrimination, violence, and killing, humans cannot justify it if they\nsay it is wrong to kill unfairly or unjustly (especially if, at the same\ntime, they emphasize it is wrong to do the same to humans). In order to\njustify it, they first have to show how human supremacy and the\nstandards of value used to defend it, are fundamentally different in\nprinciple from the arguments used to defend racial, gender, religious or\nany other human-centered discriminatory ethical policy. In other words,\nshow how human supremacy is based upon absolute objective,\nuniversally-sanctioned standards of value. If they cannot, then it would\nbe hypocritical for a human supremacist to criticize a\nracial/religious/gender/wealth supremacist for acting upon a belief that\nis no more or less subjective, biased, arbitrary and non-absolute than\nthat of the human supremacist.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"117-if-we-stopped-testing-on-animals-the-products-would-be-unsafe-for-humans\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.17 If we stopped testing on animals the products would be unsafe for humans. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#117-if-we-stopped-testing-on-animals-the-products-would-be-unsafe-for-humans\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Even with animal testing the products are not always safe for\nhumans. In fact, there are drugs and treatments tested on animals that\nhave proven unsafe for humans(i.e. Thalidomide).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Human testing is essential for human drugs etc. You can take the\nanimal out of medical research but not the humanā€“if you doubt that, then\nlets see you volunteer to test a drug that had only been tested on\nnonhuman animals?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Animals used in experiments become so stressed that their blood\nchemistry changes, invalidating the science.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Animal research can also lead to the transmission of diseasesā€“even\nthe creation of new ones. From the Lancet, 2004: \u0026ldquo;At the time of writing\nthis review there have been two re-emergent cases of SARS, both from\nlaboratory infections. One case in Singapore22 and the other in\nTaiwan.23 WHO must continue its efforts to promote scientific\nresponsibility for both SARS and influenza viruses. Laboratory\nregulations globally are inconsistent. We now live in a global village,\nso universal guidelines need to be adopted. The situation with H2N2\ninfluenza is a case in point. Although H2N2 influenza has not circulated\nin human beings since 1968 and everyone under the age of 36 years is\nsusceptible, the H2N2 virus is widely distributed in laboratories and is\nstill used in some laboratories. The re-emergence of H1N1 influenza, in\n1977, that continues to circulate in human beings is another unresolved\ncase. This H1N1 virus remained genetically conserved for 27 years.24 The\nmost likely explanation is that the virus came from a frozen source and\na laboratory seems the most probable culprit. Thus SARS CoV and many\ninfluenza viruses (eg, H2N2, H5N1, and H7N7 from human beings) must be\nrestricted to Biosafety level 3+ laboratories.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) New technologies are making the animal model and animal testing\nobsolete (not that either were safe or effective at any time.) Look at\nsome of the advancements at \u003ca href=\"https://progressiveresearchsociety.com\"\u003eProgressive Non-animal Research\nSociety\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://adavsociety.org\"\u003eAnimal Defence and\nAnti-Vivisection Society\u003c/a\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://adavsociety.org/resources/articles-reports/\"\u003eArticles and\nReports\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"118-if-your-child-was-ill-would-you-sacrifice-the-life-of-a-rat-or-cat-or-dog-or-chimp-etc-in-medical-research-to-save-it\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.18 If your child was ill, would you sacrifice the life of a rat, or cat, or dog, or chimp etc (in medical research) to save it? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#118-if-your-child-was-ill-would-you-sacrifice-the-life-of-a-rat-or-cat-or-dog-or-chimp-etc-in-medical-research-to-save-it\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) This hypothetical argument is intended as a catch 22 [Editor: it is\nthe logical fallacy of \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/ycc/fallacies/list.html#sec-30\"\u003efalse\ndilemma\u003c/a\u003e].\nIf the activist chooses the life of their child over that of a ratā€”then\nthey are endorsing the principle behind vivisection whether they admit\nit or not. If it would be okay for an animal rights activist to use an\nanimal to save their own child, then how could he or she object to the\nanimal research industry? If they say no, then they are deemed as not\nloving their child and are a terrible parent. The first error with this\nis the unrealistic nature of the hypothetical situation. Can a cure for\nan illness be attained by killing one rat, without any human clinical\ntrials? Of course not. Such a scenario is an oversimplification intended\nto force the validity of animal research and portray the vivisector as\nsomeone capable of making miraculous treatments if only he/she is\nallowed to exploit animals as they wish. It also perverts the nature of\naltruism and compassion by suggesting that one must prioritize the\nrecipients of such altruism and compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) If your child was sick, would you sacrifice the life of your\nneighbor\u0026rsquo;s child in medical research to save it? If you say no, does\nthat mean you don\u0026rsquo;t love your child as much as you may claim to,\nespecially since you know that the chances for a treatment are greatly\nincreased by using humansā€“and wouldn\u0026rsquo;t you want only the best for your\nchild? If you say yes, does that mean you are going to focus on getting\nhumans used for research so you can offer your child the best possible\ntreatment? The answers one gives to these questions can be made\napplicable to the scenario involving nonhumans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) If it is wrong for me to exploit my neighbor\u0026rsquo;s child in order to aid\nmy own, then it would be wrong for me to do the same if my neighbor\nhappened to have four legs instead of two. Exploiting others in\nviolation of consistent ethical beliefs is wrong.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"119-if-we-werent-using-animals-in-research-we-wouldnt-be-able-to-find-cures-for-diseases-and-cancersanimal-research-is-necessary-if-we-hope-to-cure-diseases-and-help-sick-children\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.19 If we weren\u0026rsquo;t using animals in research we wouldn\u0026rsquo;t be able to find cures for diseases and cancers./Animal research is necessary if we hope to cure diseases and help sick children. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#119-if-we-werent-using-animals-in-research-we-wouldnt-be-able-to-find-cures-for-diseases-and-cancersanimal-research-is-necessary-if-we-hope-to-cure-diseases-and-help-sick-children\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Saying animal research is necessary in order to cure human diseases\nmakes as much sense as saying that one needs to conduct research on\nhumans in order to cure rat diseases (there would almost seem to be a\nNeo-Darwinian myth at work, that by testing on so called \u0026ldquo;simpler\u0026rdquo;\nanimals one can move up the \u0026ldquo;Evolutionary ladder\u0026rdquo; until you reach the\ncomplexity of human beings). You can remove the animal from medical\nresearch but you still need humans in research. If you wanted to cure\nleukemia in catsā€“working on dogs would not help much.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) If that\u0026rsquo;s the case why haven\u0026rsquo;t we cured the common cold? Humans have\nbeen experimenting on animals non stop for at least 150 years and yet we\nare still plagued by diseases. new ones surface and old ones become drug\nresistant. So much for success through animal research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Animals used in experiments become so stressed that their blood\nchemistry changes, invalidating the science.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine maintains a list\nof non-profit medical research organizations that do not test on\nanimals, yet do perform important and groundbreaking work - the list can\nbe found at \u003ca href=\"http://www.humaneseal.org/approved.html\"\u003ehttp://www.humaneseal.org/approved.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) From\n\u003ca href=\"http://news.independent.co.uk/world/science_medical/story.jsp?story=471139\"\u003enews.independent.co.uk\u003c/a\u003e\n(link no longer available) December 8, 2003 \u0026ldquo;A senior executive with\nBritain\u0026rsquo;s biggest drugs company has admitted that most prescription\nmedicines do not work on most people who take them. Allen Roses,\nworldwide vice-president of genetics at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), said\nfewer than half of the patients prescribed some of the most expensive\ndrugs actually derived any benefit from them. It is an open secret\nwithin the drugs industry that most of its products are ineffective in\nmost patients but this is the first time that such a senior drugs boss\nhas gone public.\u0026rdquo; ā€¦..Dr Roses, an academic geneticist from Duke\nUniversity in North Carolina, spoke at a recent scientific meeting in\nLondon where he cited figures on how well different classes of drugs\nwork in real patients. Drugs for Alzheimer\u0026rsquo;s disease work in fewer than\none in three patients, whereas those for cancer are only effective in a\nquarter of patients. Drugs for migraines, for osteoporosis, and\narthritis work in about half the patients, Dr Roses said. Most drugs\nwork in fewer than one in two patients mainly because the recipients\ncarry genes that interfere in some way with the medicine, he said. \u0026ldquo;The\nvast majority of drugs - more than 90 per cent - only work in 30 or 50\nper cent of the people,\u0026rdquo; Dr Roses said. \u0026ldquo;I wouldn\u0026rsquo;t say that most drugs\ndon\u0026rsquo;t work. I would say that most drugs work in 30 to 50 per cent of\npeople. Drugs out there on the market work, but they don\u0026rsquo;t work in\neverybody.\u0026rdquo; RESPONSE Rates: Therapeutic area: drug efficacy rate in per\ncent Alzheimer\u0026rsquo;s: 30 Analgesics (Cox-2): 80 Asthma: 60 Cardiac\nArrythmias: 60 Depression (SSRI): 62 Diabetes: 57 Hepatits C (HCV): 47\nIncontinence: 40 Migraine (acute): 52 Migraine (prophylaxis)50\nOncology(cancer): 25 Rheumatoid arthritis50 Schizophrenia: 60\nCONCLUSION: if drug effectiveness among humans is so erratic and\nunreliable it means that the differences physically between humans and\nnonhumans would be far more extremeā€“and thus animal research is as\nunreliable as animal activists and responsible physicians have said for\ndecades. [Editor: For update information on modern drug development\nmethods go to \u003ca href=\"https://progressiveresearchsociety.com\"\u003eProgressive Non-animal Research\nSociety\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://adavsociety.org\"\u003eAnimal Defence and\nAnti-Vivisection Society\u003c/a\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https://adavsociety.org/resources/articles-reports/\"\u003eArticles and\nReports\u003c/a\u003e.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"120-if-vivisection-and-dissection-are-banned-how-about-those-who-wanted-to-be-a-veterinarian-how-or-what-can-they-refer-to\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.20 If vivisection and dissection are banned, how about those who wanted to be a veterinarian? How or what can they refer to? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#120-if-vivisection-and-dissection-are-banned-how-about-those-who-wanted-to-be-a-veterinarian-how-or-what-can-they-refer-to\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI know you probably would say: \u0026ldquo;There are electronic programs which\nallows those students to watch what is inside the animal\u0026rsquo;s body ā€¦ like\ncomputers, videos ā€¦\u0026rdquo; But then those who did these are probably cruel,\nright? Why how come they know the illustration of the animal\u0026rsquo;s body\ninside? They also did open up the animal\u0026rsquo;s body, right?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) It is basically impossible to avoid any and all exploitation of\nother humans and other species(or products derived from that\nexploitationā€“i.e. for humans we are talking about paying taxes to fund\nwars, living on land which may have been the scene of someone\u0026rsquo;s murder\nin order to seize it, reckless medical experiments by companies that\ninjured volunteer patients etc,), and those computer- video illustration\nprograms are the perfect example. The argument can be made that since\nthe research had already been done, we might as well use it(as was the\ncase with the Nazi research). One could say that it would be immoral not\nto use it because then the animals would have suffered and died in vain.\n(there are however, some vegans who would disagree with this, and others\nwould argue that using the research may encourage more experimentation).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) it is said that countries like India have had animal hospitals for\ndecades if not centuries(under the religion of the Jains) and have not\nhad to resort to vivisection to treat members of other species (source:\nthe Vegetable Passion).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) You can not cause harm to one, in the hope of helping another, and\ncall it true altruism or compassion. Would you help a homeless man by\nkicking someone else out of their house, and call that a compassionate\nsolution? The line of Medical progress should stop at the point when it\nis proposed that other lives should be sacrificed ā€“especially against\ntheir willā€“to foster that \u0026ldquo;progress.\u0026rdquo; Human patients may volunteer for\ndangerous medical research, other species do not. In other words, two\nwrongs do not make a right.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) The issue of veterinary medicine is not relevant from a strict vegan\nphilosophy which argues that humans should not have members of other\nspecies domesticated, and thus, we should not presume to be \u0026ldquo;stewards\u0026rdquo;\nof their well-being. Thus, veterinary research would not be an issue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"121-would-you-accept-a-medical-treatment-that-had-been-tested-on-animals-if-you-got-sick\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.21 Would you accept a medical treatment that had been tested on animals if you got sick? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#121-would-you-accept-a-medical-treatment-that-had-been-tested-on-animals-if-you-got-sick\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) This attack is flawed because it implies that if an animal activist\nwould use a medical treatment that had been tested on animals then the\nactivist is guilty of hypocrisy: contradicting his/her argument, and\nmust either refuse any future medical treatment, or abandon the animal\nrights cause. The activist is pressured to be a moral perfectionist\nbefore endorsing animal rightsā€”and since perfection is not possibleā€“then\nit alleged the animal rights agenda is a false one. This attack draws an\nunrealistic connection between the present act of vivisection, and the\nalready existing products of that vivisection. In order for the animal\nactivist to be guilty of hypocrisy, he or she would have to consciously\nparticipate in or endorse the present and future activities of\nvivisectors, not the medical treatments that resulted (in part) from\npolicies that included animal experimentation (i.e. saying they are\nagainst vivisection, then paying a researcher to do it). The activist\ncould counter-argue that since the research was already done, it might\nas well be utilized so the animals did not \u0026ldquo;die in vain.\u0026rdquo; It also makes\nan unrealistic demand upon the activistā€“to remove him/herself from a\nworld where all governments engage in some form of exploitation (or have\nconnections to those that do) before beginning to make protests and\narguments that seek change.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb)This argument reveals how vivisectors attempt to make the recipient of\ntheir works feel guilty because he/she benefited from their research. It\nperverts the altruism of the medical profession by tainting the\nrecipient with the tag of a conspirator!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) If this \u0026ldquo;moral perfection first\u0026rdquo; approach is applied fairly and\nequally to human-related issues, it has the following consequences for\nthe animal research proponent: Any patient who benefits from a procedure\nthat was based upon the human experiments of the Nazis, effectively\nendorses those atrocities committed, and cannot declare otherwise. (In\n1989 concentration camp survivors attempted to get Nazi research\ndestroyed, but were rebuked by the medical establishment which argued\nthe research could be employed for the greater good). An organ\nrecipient, who receives a transplant from a victim of a car wreck, or\nshooting, cannot claim to be against such tragedies, since he/she\nbenefited from such incidents. Furthermore, a Chinese student living in\nBejing, could not protest for democratic reforms since he receives his\nfood, shelter, and financial support through agencies of the government\nhe is attacking. And someone in North America could not claim to be for\nIndian rights, unless they remove themselves from their present dwelling\nand let aboriginals move in. No one could protest, or seek to make\nreforms for any social cause unless they first removed themselves from\nall imperfections. Since it is impossible, all attempts to make the\nworld a better place would have to be abandoned. In trying to portray\nthe animal activist as a hypocrite, the animal research defender puts\nforth an ethical standard which they do not apply fairly and equally to\nthemselves, thus revealing who the actual hypocrites are.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) It is well documented that corporations past and present have been\nknown to profit from the exploitation of othersā€“including humans. From\nUSAToday, Feb 21, 2002: \u0026ldquo;There is considerable evidence that proud names\nin finance, banking, insurance, transportation, manufacturing,\npublishing and other industries are linked to slavery. Many of those\nsame companies are today among the most aggressive at hiring and\npromoting African-Americans, marketing to black consumers and giving to\nblack causes. So far, the reparations legal team has publicly identified\nfive companies it says have slave ties: insurers Aetna, New York Life\nand AIG and financial giants J.P. Morgan Chase Manhattan Bank and\nFleetBoston Financial Group. Independently, USA TODAY has found\ndocumentation tying several others to slavery:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvestment banks Brown Bros. Harriman and Lehman Bros.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRailroads Norfolk Southern, CSX, Union Pacific and Canadian National.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTextile maker WestPoint Stevens.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNewspaper publishers Knight Ridder, Tribune, Media General, Advance\nPublications, E.W. Scripps and Gannett, parent and publisher of USA\nTODAY.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLloyd\u0026rsquo;s of London, the giant insurance marketplace, could become a\ntarget because member brokerages are believed to have insured ships\nthat brought slaves from Africa to the USA and cotton from the South\nto mills in New England and Britain.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe original benefactors of many of the country\u0026rsquo;s top universities ā€“\nHarvard, Yale, Brown, Princeton and the University of Virginia, among\nthem ā€“ were wealthy slave owners. Lawyers on the reparations team say\nuniversities also will be sued.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) A better question would be if you would accept a drug treatment that\nwas tested on unsuspecting humans who may well have been tortured and\nkilled for it \u0026ldquo;By the end of July a US district court will decide\nwhether drug giant Pfizer should stand trial in the United States for\npresiding over a coercive, botched 1996 experiment on Nigerian children\nwith meningitis. In a class-action suit filed last August, thirty\nNigerian families say the company violated the Nuremberg Code by forcing\nan unapproved, risky experiment on unwitting subjects who suffered brain\ndamage, loss of hearing, paralysis and death as a result. Globalizing\nclinical research solves the pharmaceutical paradox that while the\naverage American brings home more than ten prescriptions a year, just\none in 350 is willing to play guinea pig for new drug testing. An\nabundance of poor, undertreated and doctor-trusting patients in Eastern\nEurope, Latin America and Southeast Asia renders the quick, positive\nresults corporate sponsors need to get new drugs approved fast.\nAccording to one review, a whopping 99 percent of controlled trials\npublished in China bestowed positive results upon the treatment under\ninvestigationā€¦..Even if Americans were willing to participate in trials,\nthey take so many medications that they make poor lab rats anyway,\nclinical researchers say. To prove a new drug safe and effective, \u0026ldquo;you\nwant patients with no other disease states and no other treatments. Then\nyou can say relatively clearly that whatever happens to those patients\nis from the drug,\u0026rdquo; says MDS Pharma\u0026rsquo;s Simon Yaxley, whose company sells\nwhat industry PR folks call \u0026ldquo;patient recruitment solutions\u0026rdquo; in Eastern\nEurope, South Africa, Latin America and China. In developing countries,\nmany people, because they are poor and don\u0026rsquo;t have access to clinicians\nand hospitals, aren\u0026rsquo;t taking any medicines for their illnesses.\nConveniently, many of the FDA\u0026rsquo;s ponderous regulations stop at the\nborder. For example, the FDA\u0026rsquo;s requirement that companies prove that\ntheir experimental drugs are safe on animals before starting tests on\nhumans doesn\u0026rsquo;t apply for tests conducted outside the United States. And\nexperiments on Americans must undergo painstaking, lengthy reviews by\ngovernment-regulated \u0026ldquo;institutional review boards\u0026rdquo; (IRBs). But \u0026ldquo;if you\ngo to some countries and say you want the IRB to review this, they say,\n\u0026lsquo;What is an IRB?\u0026rsquo;\u0026rdquo; comments Dennis DeRosia, chair of the Association of\nClinical Research Professionals. The FDA simply requires that foreign\ntrials conform to the World Medical Association\u0026rsquo;s Declaration of\nHelsinki, a series of ethical recommendations that critics call\nrudimentary, nonbinding and ambiguous. Scientists routinely ignore\nHelsinki directives to publish negative results and make study designs\npublic, and they liken Helsinki-required ethics committees in developing\ncountries to rubber stamps. \u0026ldquo;No ethical questions are raised at all,\u0026rdquo;\none investigator admitted to the National Bioethics Advisory Commission\n(NBAC)ā€¦..What results is one set of acceptable risks for patients at\nhome and quite another for patients abroad, a double standard that has\nleft hundreds of preventable deaths in its wake. Most notoriously, in\nthe mid- and late 1990s, the National Institutes of Health and the\nCenters for Disease Control funded and defended studies in which Western\nscientists withheld treatment from HIV-infected pregnant women in\ndeveloping countries, even though they knew antiretroviral drugs would\nreduce the rate of HIV infection in their infants by two-thirds.\nHundreds of infants \u0026ldquo;needlessly contracted HIV infection\u0026rdquo; while Western\ndoctors presided over their care, according to an incendiary New England\nJournal of Medicine paper by Public Citizen\u0026rsquo;s Dr. Peter Lurie and Dr.\nSidney Wolfe.\u0026rdquo; Published in the July 1, 2002 issue of The Nation.\nGlobalizing Clinical Research: Big Pharma Tries Out First World Drugs on\nUnsuspecting Third World Patients by Sonia Shaw.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) Taken from (MicahBooks: Nazis and animal research link NA): \u0026ldquo;In\n1987, the Supreme Court heard a case in which a U.S. soldier sued the\ngovernment for having used him as a test case for LSD experiments,\nwithout his knowledge (Stanley vs. The United States). The court voted 5\nto 4 against the victim. For a recent review of experiments conducted on\nhuman beings in the U.S., without their informed consent, see \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Clouds-Secrecy-Armys-Warfare-Populated/dp/0847675793\"\u003eClouds of\nSecrecy\u003c/a\u003e:\nThe Army\u0026rsquo;s Germ Warfare Tests over Populated Areas, by Leonard A. Cole,\nSubjected to Science, by Susan Lederer, Johns Hopkins Press (This books\nstudies experimentation on human beings between the two world wars); and\nStranger at The Bedside by David J. Rothman, which studies this problem\nin the period after the Second World War. There are many more books on\nthis subject. Many of them can be found on the Internet, under \u0026ldquo;Human\nExperimentation,\u0026rdquo; or at Amazon.com, under the same heading.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"122-animal-research-is-justified-because-of-the-benefits-to-human-health-happiness-knowledge-progress-science-companion-animals-wildlife-etc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.22 Animal research is justified because of the benefits (to human health, happiness, knowledge, progress, science, companion animals, wildlife, etc). \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#122-animal-research-is-justified-because-of-the-benefits-to-human-health-happiness-knowledge-progress-science-companion-animals-wildlife-etc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Its basic problem is that it is stating the INTENT of the Animal\nresearch, not a moral/ethical DEFENSE of it. ā€œWhy are you torturing\nanimals to death?ā€ Answer: ā€œBecause we hope to benefit from it.ā€ A\ncasual observer would hope that they benefit from it, or why else would\nthey be doing it? This argument is nothing more than an appeal to\nSelfishness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) A thief steals because of the benefits to him or others. A rapist\nrapes because of the benefits. If the rapist defended his act by\npointing out that others could benefit by taking items from the\nunconscious victim\u0026rsquo;s house, would that justify the rape? If one accepts\n\u0026ldquo;benefits\u0026rdquo; as a justification for animal research, and applies it fairly\nand equally to human relationships, then it allows anyone to commit an\nact on the basis of the perceived benefits to the perpetrator or\nothersā€“whether the victim is human or not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"123-vivisection-is-justified-because-humans-can-subdue-and-control-other-creatures-for-whatever-purpose-we-wish\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.23 Vivisection is justified because humans can subdue and control other creatures for whatever purpose we wish. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#123-vivisection-is-justified-because-humans-can-subdue-and-control-other-creatures-for-whatever-purpose-we-wish\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) This argument would attempt to suggest that humans are following the\n\u0026ldquo;law of Nature.\u0026rdquo; The act of vivisection is seen as being no different\nthan a lion chasing down a gazelle. The question poser may even concede\nthat if an alien race were to do the same thing to humans it would be\njustifiable. The first problem with this approach is that it suggests\nvivisection serves a natural purpose, similar to the act of killing for\nfood. Yet the act of killing for food is a primordial instinctive need\nshared by all life, while only a small number of modern humans engage in\nthe practice of vivisection. It also conveniently ignores the harsh\nreality of life and death. One could counter-argue that disease exists\nto control populationā€”a thoroughly natural processā€“and that the\nvivisectionist is deliberately obstructing that process by attempting to\nprolong human life-spans. What about the impact on food and natural\nresources? A vivisector would probably answer that the solution lies in\nmore research, colonizing space, etc. ad infinitum. Nevertheless, the\nclaim that vivisection is a natural process in harmony with the\nrealities of life can be strongly protested.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Even if a concession is made for extraterrestrial exploitation, one\ndoes not need to go so far out to discover the unwelcome consequences of\nsuch a philosophical position. By \u0026ldquo;might means right\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;survival of\nthe fittest,\u0026rdquo; one could then justify killing or enslaving his/her next\ndoor neighbor for the benefits.. This philosophy ordains that if one can\ndo it, then one is justified. A thief, murderer, rapist, practitioners\nof any of these \u0026ldquo;professions\u0026rdquo; would find the vivisector\u0026rsquo;s reasoning to\nbe very useful.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) There is nothing in that defense that would keep one from applying\n\u0026ldquo;might makes right\u0026rdquo; to a situation where a stronger human preys on a\nweaker one. You would have to prove human supremacy to justify a\ndistinction or exemption for humans. Since no supremacy exists, you\ncannot defend this argument. It would lead to social chaos if applied\nfairly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"124-bioengineering-may-seem-like-mad-scientist-work-but-its-just-another-form-of-evolution\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.24 Bioengineering may seem like mad scientist work, but its just another form of evolution. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#124-bioengineering-may-seem-like-mad-scientist-work-but-its-just-another-form-of-evolution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Bioengineering IS mad scientist work, or as I prefer to say \u0026ldquo;moron\nscientist\u0026rdquo; work, because they claim to be improving things, yet they\nalways create new problems (Thalidomide, DDTs, Industrial pollution\netc). There is a fundamental logic flaw in this sort of thinking. Humans\ncannot even create a society free from war - and yet they think they can\nimprove Nature. An imperfect creature creating perfection? That\u0026rsquo;s a pipe\ndream.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"125-mice-birds-and-rats-get-eaten-by-pythons--certainly-that-is-just-as-bad-as-what-goes-on-in-a-laboratory--or-even-worse\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.25 Mice, birds and rats get eaten by pythons ā€“ certainly that is just as bad as what goes on in a laboratory ā€“ or even worse. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#125-mice-birds-and-rats-get-eaten-by-pythons--certainly-that-is-just-as-bad-as-what-goes-on-in-a-laboratory--or-even-worse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Pythons need to eat birds, mice and rats to survive. It an\ninstinctual drive. For humans, experimenting on nonhuman animals is\ncertainly not an instinctual need.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Humans do not need to torture rats, mice and birds in the vain hope\nof curing human diseases. They need to experiment on humans if they are\nSERIOUS about seeking cures.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) This argument tries to defend one form of cruelty by pointing to\nanother unrelated one. Since humans get killed and mangled by cars, a\nmugger could argue, then why complain about a thief beating someone in\nthe street? Not a logical argument (in fact, it is a logical fallacy of\nthe form \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/ycc/fallacies/list.html#sec-7\"\u003etu\nquoque\u003c/a\u003e).\nAll Pythons need to eat, humans do not need to torture rats, mice and\nbirds in laboratories.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"126-if-you-could-save-countless-human-lives-by-xenotransplantation-genetically-engineering-non-human-animals-to-harvest-their-organs-for-humans-isnt-that-for-the-greater-good-i-mean-people-eat-those-species-every-day-anyway\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.26 If you could save countless human lives by xenotransplantation (genetically engineering non-human animals to harvest their organs for humans), isn\u0026rsquo;t that for the greater good? I mean, people eat those species every day anyway. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#126-if-you-could-save-countless-human-lives-by-xenotransplantation-genetically-engineering-non-human-animals-to-harvest-their-organs-for-humans-isnt-that-for-the-greater-good-i-mean-people-eat-those-species-every-day-anyway\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Since eating meat is unnecessary, exploiting animals for research\nand genetic engineering is compounding one injustice with another. It is\nlike saying \u0026ldquo;Well, since we are planning to kill this guy, there is\nnothing wrong with us torturing and robbing him first\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"127-didnt-the-nazis-ban-animal-research\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.27 Didn\u0026rsquo;t the Nazis ban animal research? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#127-didnt-the-nazis-ban-animal-research\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) from \u003ca href=\"http://www.micahbooks.com/readingroom/Nazisandanimalresearch.html\"\u003eNazis and animal\nresearch\u003c/a\u003e\n(link NA): \u0026lsquo;On April 24, 1989, Drs. Daniel Johnson and Frederick Goodwin\nfrom the National Institutes of Health, argued on the McNeil-Lehrer\ntelevision program that \u0026ldquo;The only people in modern society that have not\nused animals for research were the Nazis.\u0026rdquo; They further contended that\nbecause the Nazis passed an anti-vivisection bill in 1933, they were led\nto experiment on human beings, and that there is therefore a\nrelationship between animal rights and a loss of human rights. None of\nthis is true. The \u0026ldquo;anti-vivisection law,\u0026rdquo; which the Nazis purported to\npass, like Hitler\u0026rsquo;s vegetarianism, is filled with contradictions. A\nstudy of the law the Nazis passed shows that this law had enough\nloopholes in it to assure the continuation of animal research;\nconsequently, an enormous amount of animal experimentation continued to\nbe carried out by Nazi doctors. The Lancet, the prestigious British\nmedical journal, reviewed the Nazis law and warned anti-vivisectionists\nnot to celebrate because the Nazis law was no different, in effect, from\nthe British law that had been passed in 1875, which restricted some\nanimal research, but hardly eliminated it. Furthermore, a law passed by\nthe Weimar government in 1931 required that all experiments on human\nbeings be first conducted on animals. Such a requirement exists in the\nUnited States as in many countries that practice animal research. In\nother words, animal research is often a legal justification for\nexperimentation on humans, as it functioned in Nazi Germany. The 1931\nlaw in Germany was never abrogated. Nazis doctors dutifully submitted\nwritten statements when they requested \u0026ldquo;human material\u0026rdquo; for experiments\nwhich carried the legal notification that such experiments had been\nfirst conducted on animals. The first request for \u0026ldquo;test persons\u0026rdquo; was\nmade by Dr. Sigmund Rascher to Himmler on May 15, 1941, \u0026ldquo;for two or\nthree professional criminals\u0026rdquo; for \u0026ldquo;High-Altitude Research.\u0026rdquo; It states\nthat human beings were needed \u0026ldquo;because these experiments cannot be\nconducted with monkeys, as has been triedā€¦.\u0026ldquo;Robert Proctor\u0026rsquo;s book, The\nNazi War on Cancer (Princeton University Press, 1999), records Nazi\nanimal experimentation, which should leave no one in doubt about where\nNazi doctors and scientists stood on this issue. These animal\nexperiments were often embedded in the continuum of animal research that\nhad been ongoing for decades. By the 1920s the Germans had developed\nstrains of mice that were \u0026ldquo;more or less receptive to the uptake of\ncancer tissue transplants. SS chief Heinrich Himmler was apparently\nintrigued by the prospect of breeding a race of cancer-prone rats; in a\n1939 meeting with Sigmund Rascher, the notorious Dachau hypothermia\nexperimenter, the SS ReichsfĆ¼hrer proposed breeding such a race of\nrodents. (p. 63) \u0026ldquo;by the end of the 1920s, there was a sizable\nscientific literature on radiation carcinogensis, including a large body\nof work based on animal experiments.\u0026rdquo; (p. 83) By the mid 1930s the Nazis\nhad formidable laboratory evidence of some the causes of cancer based on\nanimal experiments: \u0026ldquo;Experiments wereā€¦performed that finally\nproducedā€“for the first time anywhereā€“lung cancers in animals raised in\nthe mines.\u0026rdquo; By 1938, Nazi scientists could produce lung cancer in 25% of\nthe mice raised in mine shafts. \u0026ldquo;This was the first conclusive animal\nexperimental evidence that breathing air in the mines could cause lung\ncancer.\u0026rdquo; (p.99). The Nazis conducted their \u0026ldquo;war on cancer\u0026rdquo; with animals\nas their weapon of choice. Indeed, in 1943, at the height of a world\nwar, the Nazi government developed plans for a \u0026ldquo;\u0026rsquo;tumor farm\u0026rsquo; to raise\nanimals for use in experiments.\u0026rdquo; (p. 261). As Proctor states, animal\nexperiments were vital to the ideological stance of Nazisim: \u0026ldquo;Animal\nexperimental evidence was extrapolatedto humans, bolstered by the\nideological push to see all aspects of human behaviorā€“including\npurported racial differencesā€“as rooted in \u0026ldquo;blood,\u0026rdquo; race, or genes.\u0026rdquo; (p.\n63)The Nazis often did important scientific research, much of which has\nfound its way into our own research. They developed the most extensive\nanti smoking legislation of any western countries; they did important\nresearch on the effects of industrial pollution on the environment, much\nof which found its way into Rachel Carson\u0026rsquo;s book, Silent Springā€“which is\nnot an indictment of Rachel Carson. When World War 11 first ended and\nnews of the horrendous research on human beings was made public, Western\nscientists wanted to denounce Nazi science as \u0026ldquo;pseudo science\u0026rdquo; for fear\nof being tarnished by the public\u0026rsquo;s loathing of Nazi science, but Nazi\nscience finds its way into our science all the time, including findings\ngained from their experiments on human beings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSee also:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.all-creatures.org/articles/ar-hitler-and.html\"\u003eHitler and\nAnimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_welfare_in_Nazi_Germany#Tolerance_towards_animal_experimentation\"\u003eTolerance towards animal\nexperimentation\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Saying that we shouldn\u0026rsquo;t be opposed to animal testing because the\nNazis were opposed to animal testing is akin to saying, \u0026lsquo;Nazis wore\nshoes. Therefore, none of us should wear shoes - or we\u0026rsquo;ll be like the\nNazis.\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"128-traditional-asian-medicine-isnt-as-cruel-as-western-medicineand-who-are-you-to-condemn-them-for-using-animal-parts-in-healing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.28 Traditional Asian medicine isn\u0026rsquo;t as cruel as western medicineā€“and who are you to condemn them for using animal parts in healing? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#128-traditional-asian-medicine-isnt-as-cruel-as-western-medicineand-who-are-you-to-condemn-them-for-using-animal-parts-in-healing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) If it\u0026rsquo;s ok for Asian traditional medicine to use animal parts, then\nit should be the same for humans who want to use other humans for\ntraditional medicine. Such as practitioners of Muti. From \u003ca href=\"https://www.amren.com/news/2004/08/on_the_trail_of/\"\u003eOn The Trail\nOf The Muti\nKillers\u003c/a\u003e 21 August\n2004 By Basildon Peta, Southern Africa Correspondent \u0026ldquo;They first hit\n10-year-old Sello Chokoe with a blunt instrument, causing a gash on his\nhead. They then chopped off his penis, his hand and his ear. They were\nharvesting his body parts for \u0026ldquo;muti\u0026rdquo; - the murderous practice of\ntraditional African medicine.\u0026rdquo; ā€¦ The practice of muti provides a\ndisconcerting counterpoint to the contemporary image of the new South\nAfrica. Dr Gerard Lubschagne, who heads the investigative psychology\nunit of the South African police service, conservatively estimates lives\nlost to ritual murders at between 50 to 300 every year. \u0026ldquo;We don\u0026rsquo;t have\naccurate figures because most murders here are recorded in our records\nas murders irrespective of motive,\u0026rdquo; he says. \u0026ldquo;Most people might also not\nregard a murder as a muti matter but just dismiss it as the work of some\ncrazy killers.\u0026rdquo; ā€¦ How the body parts are used varies with what customers\nwant to achieve. They are eaten, drunk or smeared over the ambitious\nperson. Various parts are used for different purposes. A man who had\ndifficulty in producing children killed a father of several children and\nused his victim\u0026rsquo;s genitals for muti. In another case, a butcher used a\nsevered human hand to slap each of his products every morning before\nopening as a way of invoking the spirits to beckon customersā€¦The\nscreaming of a child while his body parts are being chopped off is also\nregarded as a sign calling customers to the perpetrator\u0026rsquo;s business, Mr\nMojolela said. It is also believed that magical powers are awakened by\nthe screams. Eating or burying the body parts \u0026ldquo;capture\u0026rdquo; the desired\nresults. Robert Thornton, an anthropology professor at the University of\nWitswatersrand in Johannesburg , who has done research in traditional\nhealing, says children like Sello are targeted because it is believed\nthat the power of the virgin is greater than that of a sexually active\nadult. ..The main motivating idea is what Professor Thorntorn describes\nas \u0026ldquo;symbolic logic\u0026rdquo;, the idea that another person\u0026rsquo;s penis will\nstrengthen the perpetrator\u0026rsquo;s, or that the perpetrator\u0026rsquo;s far-sightedness\nwill be improved by devouring the victim\u0026rsquo;s eyes. Blood is thought to\nincrease vitalityā€¦One of the few victims who lived to tell his story was\nJeffery Mkhonto, who six years ago was mutilated by an organised gang\nset to harvest body parts. He had been lured to the house of a neighbour\nfor food and ended up being castrated.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"129-bullfights-are-good-because-they-give-the-meat-of-the-bull-to-the-poor\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e1.29 Bullfights are good because they give the meat of the bull to the poor. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#129-bullfights-are-good-because-they-give-the-meat-of-the-bull-to-the-poor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Then why were matadors protesting that they couldnt SELL the meat\nafter the Mad Cow/foot and mouth disease crisis?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Citing a positive benefit of an act does not cancel out the\nnegative. Bullfights are cruel. To say they are good because they give\nthe meat to the poor would be like justifying a murder/robbery by saying\nthe bandits gave some of the spoils to the needy. Al Capone opened the\nfirst soup kitchens in Chicagoā€“using the proceeds of crime, does this\nmean that loan sharking and murder used to finance that charity were\ngood?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) if bullfighters do it for the charity, then they should be growing\nveggies to give to the poor.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"2-companion-animals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2 Companion Animals \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#2-companion-animals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"21-what-about-pets-certainly-there-is-nothing-wrong-with-that--\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.1 What about pets? Certainly there is nothing wrong with that. -\u0026gt; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#21-what-about-pets-certainly-there-is-nothing-wrong-with-that--\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving animal companions teaches people to care for animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) How would you feel if you were born and taken away from your mother\nagainst your will (or how would you feel if you were the mother and your\noffspring was taken away from you by force ā€“ just to be given to some\nhuman who may treat your child horribly?) and had your genitals cut off?\nThe pet industry is a form of slavery. Except under the best\ncircumstances, a pet is a prisoner of human society. A human decides\nwhere it goes, what it does, what it eats, how it lives and how it dies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) When humans can take care of their own offspring properly, then\nmaybe you could make some argument for itā€“but until then, and until\nhumans can stop the pet euthanasia problem and animal abuse issue you\nhaven\u0026rsquo;t much of a leg to stand on.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) It is debatable whether having companion animals makes one treat\nanimals with more compassion and respect or makes humans take them for\ngranted. We know that people abuse cats and dogs, and dump them in parks\nor shelters when they get tired of them. If only one human did thisā€“it\nwould still be worse than if pets were not bred at all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) One can argue that we should take care of unwanted animals that are\ndumped in shelters as opposed to euthanizing them. But whatever the\ncase, we should not allow the commercial breeding of animals to be sold\nin stores. All should come from shelters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"22-dont-you-think-you-would-be-cruel-to-a-dog-if-you-didnt-feed-it-meat--\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.2 Don\u0026rsquo;t you think you would be cruel to a dog if you didn\u0026rsquo;t feed it meat? -\u0026gt; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#22-dont-you-think-you-would-be-cruel-to-a-dog-if-you-didnt-feed-it-meat--\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurely that\u0026rsquo;s what it would eat if you left it alone to fend for itself?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Yes, a dog would most probably eat meat if it chose it\u0026rsquo;s own meals.\nCan\u0026rsquo;t deny that. But it is the cruelty issue which I would focus on with\nyour question. If the cruelty issue is truly of concern, then what about\nall the other animals that will be kept in poor conditions, and made to\nsuffer to be canned and fed to the dog? Perhaps, if it is cruel to not\nfeed a dog meat (something i don\u0026rsquo;t actually agree with), then while\nkeeping animals, some kind of cruelty may be unavoidable. Which is why I\nbelieve we need to reconsider our position with Companion Animals.\n[Editor: vegan dogs and cats have been around since the 1980s. Here are\n2 companies that offer vegan pet foods (as well as research):\n\u003ca href=\"https://vecado.ca\"\u003eVecado\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://compassioncircle.com\"\u003eCompassion\nCircle\u003c/a\u003e. Vegan dogs and cats live healthy\nand long lives - the matter really is not even debatable.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"23-does-a-vet-have-the-right-to-neuter-your-dog\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e2.3 Does a vet have the right to neuter your dog? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#23-does-a-vet-have-the-right-to-neuter-your-dog\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) No, since animals shouldnt be kept as pets. As a form of slavery,\nwhat right does a human have to dictate the biological health of other\nspecies? Especially when we dont force humans to have sterilization to\nkeep human population numbers down.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Although keeping members of other species as \u0026ldquo;companions\u0026rdquo; is\nethically problematic, the issue is, by neutering the animal, it helps\nto prevent the enslavement and suffering of more animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) A better question is: does a breeder have a right to breed dogs? The\nanswer is no. Cut the problem at the source and the neutering issue is\nrendered moot.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"3-equality\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3 Equality \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#3-equality\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"31-one-cannot-say-that-humans-and-nonhumans-are-equal-and-also-say-that-humans-and-nonhumans-are-not-bound-by-the-same-rules--\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3.1 One cannot say that humans and nonhumans are equal and also say that humans and nonhumans are not bound by the same rules -\u0026gt; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#31-one-cannot-say-that-humans-and-nonhumans-are-equal-and-also-say-that-humans-and-nonhumans-are-not-bound-by-the-same-rules--\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand code of moral conduct. If humans have to respect the rights of deer\nthen so should lions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) This is assumed to be a fallacy in Definition: Conflicting\nConditions (see also \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/ycc/fallacies/list.html#sec-39\"\u003eInflation of\nConflict\u003c/a\u003e)\nā€“ that they cannot be equal and unequal at the same time. This confuses\ntwo different definitions of \u0026ldquo;equality.\u0026rdquo; The first definition is that\nnonhumans and humans are equal regardless of their differences (the\n\u0026ldquo;Martin Luther King jr.\u0026rdquo; sense of the word: \u0026ldquo;All men are created\nequal.\u0026rdquo;). The second definition is not a value judgement, but an\nobservation of the fact that everyone has different attributes. The\nanimal rights proponent stresses equality in value while acknowledging\ninequality in attribute. There is no conflicting conditions. Other\nspecies are equal to humans in value, but they do not possess the\nattributes to think and behave the way humans doā€“just as the mentally\nretarded or children do not have the same attributes but are afforded\nequal moral protection and ethical regard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) We say a man with arms and a man without arms are equal in worth,\nbut we donā€™t say because they have different abilities that the one with\narms deserves more \u0026ldquo;rights\u0026rdquo; than the other. By the logic of this attack,\nin order for all humans to be granted equal rights and respect, they\nwould have to possess the same attributes (mentally, physically etc).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"4-factory-farms\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e4 Factory Farms \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#4-factory-farms\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"41-factory-farms-are-less-cruel-than-how-animals-are-treated-in-the-wild\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e4.1 Factory farms are less cruel than how animals are treated in the wild. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#41-factory-farms-are-less-cruel-than-how-animals-are-treated-in-the-wild\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) The point is not whether the factory farm is less cruel than the\nwild but whether one needs to have factory farms in the first place and\nclearly we don\u0026rsquo;t since vegetarianism is a sound practical dietary\nlifestyle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) I dont think anyone sane would agree that spending your entire life\nin a dirty cell without sunlight or the companionship of others or\nfreedom of movement is more desirableā€”if you think that then maybe you\ncan ask to move into one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) A British author recently challenged people to spend a week in a\ntypical factory farm egg laying facility. None could stand it for more\n12 hours.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"5-fishing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5 Fishing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#5-fishing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"51-fish-dont-have-nerves-in-their-mouths-or-feelings-in-their-lips\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5.1 Fish don\u0026rsquo;t have nerves in their mouths or feelings in their lips. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#51-fish-dont-have-nerves-in-their-mouths-or-feelings-in-their-lips\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) The hook still causes damage to the fish\u0026rsquo;s body. It can lead to\ninfection (if the fish is being thrown back in the water).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Slave traders said the same thing about negro slavesā€“they don\u0026rsquo;t feel\npain like we do. You can\u0026rsquo;t prove it as a 100 percent certainty that they\ndon\u0026rsquo;t feel discomfort/pain and science may not have figured out how to\nmeasure it. Better to be safe than sorry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Yeah but they sure look uncomfortable when they are being dragged\nfrom the water. So are they trying to dance when they are flipping\naround on a hook?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) So if someone doesn\u0026rsquo;t feel pain we should do what they want to them?\nGood because there are some comatose people at the hospital that would\nlook mighty good preserved over my fireplace mantle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) Fish have nerve endings near the skin which are very similar to\nthose of humans and other mammals. We all have receptor cells (called\nnociceptors) near the skin, which are stimulated by events severe enough\nto cause damage to body tissues. The lips and mouth of fish are\nparticularly well supplied with nerve endings. ā€“Fish produce the same\npain-transmitting chemicals as humans. There are two main chemicals\ninvolved. When a nerve ending is damaged, a substance called bradykinin\nis released. This causes the nerve cell to fire, sending an electrical\nimpulse along the nerve. When bradykinin is released near the skin, a\nsecond chemical, called substance P, is released near the spinal cord.\nā€“Both substances are known to be involved in transmitting pain. For\nexample, if bradykinin is injected in humans, it causes intense pain,\neven if a local anaesthetic is used. Both bradykinin and substance P are\nfound in mammals, birds, frogs and fish. ā€“Fish produce the same\npain-blocking substances as humans. When in severe pain, humans and\nother vertebrates (animals with backbones) produce pain-killing\nchemicals called endorphins. These endorphins block pain by stopping the\nrelease of substance P. (from an article titled \u0026ldquo;\u003ca href=\"http://members.iinet.net.au/~rabbit/fish.htm\"\u003eFish Feel\nPain\u003c/a\u003e\u0026rdquo; from the November\nto January issue of \u0026ldquo;Animals Today\u0026rdquo; magazine (Australia)).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) \u0026ldquo;Fish constitute the greatest source of confused thinking and\ninconsistency on earth at the moment with respect to pain. You will get\npeople very excited about dolphins because they are mammals, and about\nhorses and dogs, if they are not treated properly. At the same time you\nwill have fishing competitions on the River Murray at which thousands of\npeople snare fish with hooks and allow them to asphyxiate on the banks,\nwhich is a fairly uncomfortable and miserable death\u0026rdquo;. (The Advertiser,\nProfessor Bill Runciman, professor of anaesthesia and intensive care at\nAdelaide University, Australia \u003ca href=\"http://members.iinet.net.au/~rabbit/fish.htm\"\u003eFish Feel\nPain\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eg) \u0026ldquo;I undertook a ā€¦ search on pain felt by fish. I discovered that not\nonly do fish feel the same pain as cats and dogs and humans but they are\nalso highly intelligent. On the beach the other day I saw several\nfishermen with their dogs. I wanted to explain to them that the fish\nthey were hooking felt the same anguish as would their dogs caught in\nthe same way. Likewise when I went to New Foundland to talk to the\nfishermen who clubbed the baby Harp seals to death, I noticed that they\ntoo had companion dogs and cats and canaries. The most common form of\ncruelty in the world is fishing and why? Because most people have no\nidea how sensitive and intelligent fish are\u0026rdquo;. (Richard Jones, Member of\nthe New South Wales Legislative Council \u003ca href=\"http://members.iinet.net.au/~rabbit/fish.htm\"\u003eFish Feel\nPain\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eh) \u003ca href=\"http://www.thenazareneway.com/vegetarian/fish_have_feelings.htm\"\u003eBritish scientists say fish do feel\npain\u003c/a\u003e\nLONDON, April 30 2003 ā€” Anglers take note ā€” British scientists say that\nafter years of debate, they now have proof that fish feel pain. Animal\nactivists are on the warpath after a study released on Wednesday showed\nhow rainbow trout react to discomfort. They condemned fishing as cruel\nand demanded an end to the sport ā€” but anglers themselves dismissed the\nstudy.THE RESEARCH FOUND that fish have receptors in their heads and\nthat subjecting them to noxious substances causes ā€œadverse behavioral\nand physiological changes.ā€ ā€œThis fulfils the criteria for animal pain,ā€\nsaid Dr. Lynne Sneddon, who headed the research, published Wednesday by\nthe Royal Society, Britainā€™s national academy of science. Bee venom or\nacetic acid was injected into the lips of some of the trout, while\ncontrol groups of fish were injected with saline solution or merely\nhandled. The trout injected with venom or acid began to show ā€œrockingā€\nmotion ā€” similar to that seen in stressed higher vertebrates ā€” and those\ninjected with acetic acid began rubbing their lips in the gravel of\ntheir tank.ā€œThese do not appear to be reflex responses,ā€ Sneddon said.\nThe affected fish also took three times longer to resume feeding\nactivity, compared with those in the control groups. The team from the\nRoslin Institute and the University of Edinburgh found the fish had\npolymodal nociceptors ā€” receptors that respond to tissue-damaging\nstimuli ā€” on their heads. It is the first time these receptors have been\nfound in fish. They have similar properties to those found in\namphibians, birds and mammals including humans. Animal activists said\nthe findings showed that fishing was cruel.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei) This is an excellent video exploring the science - Can fish feel\npain?? Here\u0026rsquo;s what SCIENCE tells us: \u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/FlknD9-HoUQ?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"52-but-wasnt-christ-a-fisherman\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5.2 But wasn\u0026rsquo;t Christ a fisherman? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#52-but-wasnt-christ-a-fisherman\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) He was a carpenter by trade. He referred to himself as a fisher of\nmen.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Fish was a well known mythical symbol among early christians. The\ngreek word for fish (Ichthys) was used as an acronym whose initials in\ngreek stood for \u0026ldquo;Jesus Christ, Son of God, Savior.\u0026rdquo; Given how the early\nchristians employed the term, there is therefore good historical\nevidence for the argument that all of the \u0026ldquo;fish stories\u0026rdquo; that managed to\nget into gospels were intended to be taken symbolically rather than\nliterally.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"6-human-supremacy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6 Human Supremacy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#6-human-supremacy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"61-but-they-are-just-animals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.1 But they are just animals. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#61-but-they-are-just-animals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) So? And you are just a human.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) At one time it was common to say: \u0026ldquo;just a woman,\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;just a child,\u0026rdquo;\n\u0026ldquo;just a black,\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;just a pagan,\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;just a Christian,\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;just a slave,\u0026rdquo; etc\netc etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Um ā€“ we are animals too - although considering the dismal record of\nhuman behavior I am sure most species would rather be a remote relative.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) What does that make you? Vegetable or mineral?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"62-humans-can-exploit-animals-because-we-are-superior-to-animals-the-reason-we-are-superior-is-because-we-possess-the-capacity-to-reason\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.2 Humans can exploit animals because we are superior to animals. The reason we are superior is because we possess the capacity to reason. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#62-humans-can-exploit-animals-because-we-are-superior-to-animals-the-reason-we-are-superior-is-because-we-possess-the-capacity-to-reason\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVariations: When bears and ants can compose symphonies and fly\nairplanes, then I\u0026rsquo;ll believe they have rights. Humans have brains that\ncan make computers and do math and build tall skyscrapers, therefore we\nhave evolved beyond other species and are superior to them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Not all humans possess reason as defined here (children, mentally\nretarded etc). Furthermore, why would reason be an absolute criteria? It\nis transitory. Arbitrary. Using reason as a criteria would be like\nsaying \u0026ldquo;an apple is superior to a banana because its red. Red makes it\nsuperior\u0026rdquo;. WHY? What is so great about red? It is just as relative and\nas arbitrary as talking about skin color. If you say reason is great\nbecause it allows us to build tall buildingsā€“why is that of absolute\nimportance? Reason is only important as a human value, just as skin\ncolor is only important as a racial value, or a certain interpretation\nof the Judeo-Christian Bible is only important to particular adherents\nof that religious group.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Human rights, like animal rights, are arbitrary, subjective, and\nnon-absolute. They are both based on value that we as humans assign and\nadminister. There is no demonstrable natural law which we base our\nethics upon. The universe does not say: \u0026ldquo;Humans have special rights\nbecause they possess faculty x, y, z.\u0026rdquo; A human does not have a universal\nright to life. If that were the case, it should be demonstrable in\nnature. We could walk safely through the path of an erupting volcano\nwithout so much as a blister. We wouldn\u0026rsquo;t need police or courts if our\n\u0026ldquo;rights\u0026rdquo; were some universal truth. When one looks at it reasonably,\nhumans are just as mortal as other species. All the fruits of our labors\nand intellect are also mortal. How can one truly say we as a species are\nsuperior to other species as an absolute objective truth? We can\u0026rsquo;t. Just\nlike a racist can\u0026rsquo;t say his race is superior to others as an objective\nabsolute truth, or a sexist, or a religious extremist etc etc.\nTherefore, to be consistent and fair, If human rights are good, then so\nare animal rights and one should strive to be as compassionate as\npossible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Since human reason originates in the brain, and the brain decays,\nwhy then is reason, a transitory aspect of human existence, so\nimportant?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Why would reason/building skyscrapers/airplanes/computers etc make\nhumans superior in value as a species to other species that are\nincapable of doing such acts? What makes skyscrapers so great and\nimportant? Buildings fall down, planes crash, computers break. Since all\nare subjective and transitory, where is the superiority? Humans only\nthink they are superior to justify their exploitation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) Not all humansā€“most in fact, do not compose symphonies or build\nskyscrapers. Does that mean those people are inferior to the humans that\ndo? BTWā€“when was the last time you built a skyscraper?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) It is because I have the ability to reason that I am able to\nunderstand why compassion is better than cruelty, peace is better than\nviolence, and kindness is better than meanness; and thus I choose to\nlive accordingly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"63-humans-can-exploit-animals-because-we-are-superior-to-animals-the-reason-we-are-superior-is-because-we-have-a-soul\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.3 Humans can exploit animals because we are superior to animals. The reason we are superior is because we have a soul. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#63-humans-can-exploit-animals-because-we-are-superior-to-animals-the-reason-we-are-superior-is-because-we-have-a-soul\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) How do you prove humans have a soul and others don\u0026rsquo;t? And even if we\ndid, why would that make us superior? Its arbitrary and subjective. And\na human of one race could say the same thing about another human of a\ndifferent race (or gender). \u0026ldquo;Members of my race have a soul but members\nof yours don\u0026rsquo;t.\u0026rdquo; There was a time when such beliefs were common place.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"64-humans-can-exploit-animals-because-we-are-superior-to-animals-the-reason-we-are-superior-is-because-god-tells-us-we-are-superior\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.4 Humans can exploit animals because we are superior to animals. The reason we are superior is because God tells us we are superior. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#64-humans-can-exploit-animals-because-we-are-superior-to-animals-the-reason-we-are-superior-is-because-god-tells-us-we-are-superior\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) How do you prove that? And even if some deity in the sky said we\nwere superiorā€“why would it matter? Why would that being\u0026rsquo;s judgement be\nabsolute? Someone else can say \u0026ldquo;My god says my group is superior to this\nother group.\u0026rdquo; How do you refute that with this \u0026ldquo;God says so\u0026rdquo; defense?\nHow do you prove that your god is making the \u0026ldquo;true\u0026rdquo; commandment? How do\nyou demonstrate this to others? The very same approach could be used to\njustify discriminating against OTHER HUMANS. To say humans are superior\nas a species to other lifeforms without being able to justify it as an\nabsolute certaintyā€“anyone can discriminate according to whatever\nreligious belief they hold.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) The greatest problem with spiritual humanism is the lack of\ncertainty inherent in the belief. One can doubt the existence and nature\nof the deity, doubt the uniqueness and importance of the qualities cited\nas making one worthy of special treatment, and doubt human possession of\nthem (and doubt the claim that other life forms do not possess them).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Claiming that humans are superior according to a spiritual form of\nhumanism is neither concrete nor conclusive. One is free to believe\nanythingā€“and by this ideology one could modify the human superiority\nargument to assert with equal weight that some humans are superior to\nother HUMANS according to the dictates of their particular deity. The\ndispute is endless.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) If you believe in God, then you must believe that your God is\nsuperior to humans. If your God tells you that superior beings can\nexploit lesser beings - then how do you think your God will treat a\nlesser being, such as you, in the afterlife?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"65-humans-can-exploit-animals-because-we-are-superior-to-animals-the-reason-we-are-superior-is-because-nature-tells-us-we-are-superior\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.5 Humans can exploit animals because we are superior to animals. The reason we are superior is because Nature tells us we are superior. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#65-humans-can-exploit-animals-because-we-are-superior-to-animals-the-reason-we-are-superior-is-because-nature-tells-us-we-are-superior\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVariations: We are highest on the food chain and always have been.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Secular humanism can also be challenged by doubt. One can question\nthe importance of free will, reason, or the evolutionary law being cited\nas fact. Why are these qualities important? If one acknowledges that\ndeath is the ultimate end of all life, humans included, then why the\nemphasis on something so transitory? One can question the notion that\nhumans are rationalā€“simply by reading out loud the harrowing stories on\nwar and crime from the front page of any daily newspaper. One can argue\nthat humans enslave, torture, kill, while no other species on earth can\nnot even come close to exhibiting such a level of barbarism. Every\ncriterion that humans cite as evidence of their superiority can be\nexamined to not only negate the claimā€“but demonstrate the OPPOSITE with\ngreater success. Altruism, tool making, parental nurturingā€¦these\nqualities once thought to be exclusively human have been observed in\nwildlife.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) One can argue that humans enslave, torture, kill, while no other\nspecies on earth can not even come close to exhibiting such a level of\nbarbarism. Every criterion that humans cite as evidence of their\nsuperiority can be examined to not only negate the claimā€“but demonstrate\nthe OPPOSITE with greater success. Altruism, tool making, parental\nnurturingā€¦these qualities once thought to be exclusively human have been\nobserved in wildlife.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Then there is the issue that humans are worth more according to some\nnatural law. The ludicrousness of this belief can be easily exposed by\nsimple observation. If a volcano eruptsā€“does the lava flow destroy all\nin its pathā€“but conveniently spare human life since it is a universal\nfact that they are special and not to be harmed? If a human is adrift in\nthe ocean, and approached by a sharkā€“do the jaws of the predatory fish\nlock up in paralyses when it attempts to bite the man? If the claim that\n\u0026ldquo;human life is superior to other life forms\u0026rdquo; was an absolute, universal\nfact and truth in natureā€“then how does one explain that humans appear to\nbe subject to the same violence and mortality that applies to other\nlife? One can\u0026rsquo;t, because humans are not superior according to any\ncriteria that are cited to prove itā€“all examples are arbitrary,\nsubjective and non-absolute.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Even the claim that humans should not enslave and kill other humans\nis easily challenged by observing the state of human relations over the\nlast 10 000 years. Arguing that something is absolute and objective\ncarries a very heavy burden of proof. Anthropocentrism is nothing more\nthan human beings setting the standard and value system by which a life\nis to be viewed as special and worthyā€”a standard that conveniently\nplaces themselves at the top of the value systemā€“all the while ignoring\nthe fragile foundation that supports it. Racist and sexist doctrine does\nthe same thing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"66-even-if-i-agreed-that-some-things-done-to-animals-are-cruel-and-wrong-we-have-to-put-human-problems-first\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.6 Even if I agreed that some things done to animals are cruel and wrong, we have to put human problems first. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#66-even-if-i-agreed-that-some-things-done-to-animals-are-cruel-and-wrong-we-have-to-put-human-problems-first\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Why? Can we not deal with all problems concurrently? If you are\nsuggesting some victims of abuse are more important than others, do you\nalso draw a distinction between say, victims of spousal abuse and\nvictims of racial violence or child abuse? Which is a more pressing\nconcern? Do the losers go on the backburner?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) The suffering of members of others species due to deliberate and\npreventable human action is as important as the human equivalent forms\nof abuse or exploitation. One should strive to solve these problems when\nwe can where we can without worrying that it follows some arbitrary step\nby step procedure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) That\u0026rsquo;s a cop out. You just don\u0026rsquo;t want to face up to responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"67-humans-are-unique-we-are-a-unique-species\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.7 Humans are unique. We are a unique species. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#67-humans-are-unique-we-are-a-unique-species\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) All species are unique in the world, but let us say that humans\npossess some quality that makes them \u0026ldquo;uniquely unique.\u0026rdquo; You still\nhaven\u0026rsquo;t shown why that uniqueness makes them superior as a species to\nall other life, and deserve preferential treatment. A failure to prove\nhuman supremacy as an objective fact kills your argument, because as it\nstands you are simply talking as a Christian bigot or white supremacist\nwould talk(i.e. \u0026ldquo;christians/whites are specialā€”we deserve special\ntreatment over non christians/whites.\u0026rdquo;). What you need to do is show how\nthe human supremacy belief is categorically different from any other\nform of discrimination. Which is practically impossible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Yes, humans are unique. They can be arrogant. They can take pleasure\nfrom the suffering of others to the point where they erect structures\nsuch as bull rings and coliseums to watch one subject torture and kill\nanother. Not all the aspects of human uniqueness are positive.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"68-make-the-case-that-discrimination-is-innately-wrong-or-cease-trying-to-forge-the-link-between-racism-and-speciesism-your-entire-argument-there-rests-on-discrimination-being-wrong-in-and-of-itself\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.8 Make the case that discrimination is innately wrong. Or cease trying to forge the link between racism and \u0026ldquo;speciesism\u0026rdquo;. Your entire argument there rests on discrimination being wrong in and of itself. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#68-make-the-case-that-discrimination-is-innately-wrong-or-cease-trying-to-forge-the-link-between-racism-and-speciesism-your-entire-argument-there-rests-on-discrimination-being-wrong-in-and-of-itself\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) You are trying to say that I say discrimination is wrongā€¦.and I cant\nprove it is. You are rightā€”the problem is, people who are against\nracism, sexism, religious extremism etc also think discrimination is\nwrong, so unless you think they should be free to do what they want to\nother humansā€“this defense isnt very sensible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Nope, but it would be nice for your false attack if it were eh? Many\npeople(those who oppose racism, sexism etc) would say that\ndiscrimination based upon unfair, biased, and subjective standards of\nvalue is wrong. The problem for you isā€“you want to say that racism is\nwrong, while speciesism is notā€“except that all the criteria you use to\ndefend speciesism is also unfair, biased and subjective. That\u0026rsquo;s what the\nentire argument rests upon: your belief that some discrimination is\ngood, others are badā€“without being able to prove this. Sureā€“you can say\nthat arguments that suggest discrimination is wrong is also subjective.\nThe problem isā€“refuting that not only buries an anti-specieism argument,\nbut it also buries anti-racist, anti-sexist, anti-religious extremist\netc etc arguments. Humans pay the price too. So feel free to say that\nyou think everyone should be able to discriminate against everyone\nelseā€“not all humans would like thatā€“but racists would\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) It doesnt. It rests on what people like YOU believe. YOU believe\nthat discrimination based on biased, subjective criteria is wrong. That\nincludes race, gender, and species (though you would deny the lastā€”but\ncant prove your case). For you to get out of the jamā€“you have to show\nhow speciesism is somehow different than racism in a fundamental\nwayā€“i.e. make it objective or absolute. You havent done that (because\nyou cant). In the big scheme of thingsā€“of course one cant prove that\ndiscrimination is wrongā€¦since all issues are subjectiveā€“they can be\ndoubtedā€¦the problem for you is, either you prove that speciesism is\nsomehow different in principle and design from all other forms of\ndiscrimination(which is impossible), or you would have to say that\npeople should be free to discriminate against other humans (based on\nrace, gender, religion as well as species). BUT YOU DONT say\nthatā€“because you want to have your cakeā€“and eat it too. But you cant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo the only other choice is to say we should try to be as fair and as\ncompassionate to others as possible, and lose this desire to\ndiscriminate according to biased, subjective criteria. This would help\nhuman relations with humans and nonhumans alike. Its also more\nconsistent ethically than your view. So, in terms of logical reasoning,\neither you say anyone can do whatever they want to anyone else (human or\nnot) or you expand your circle of compassion and fairness to include\nnonhumans).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"69-only-humans-can-show-compassion-for-other-species\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e6.9 Only humans can show compassion for other species. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#69-only-humans-can-show-compassion-for-other-species\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) A kangaroo named Lulu has been hailed a hero for saving an\nunconscious Australian farmer in Canberra by alerting the man\u0026rsquo;s wife and\nleading her to where he lay trapped under a fallen tree branch. Hobby\nfarmer Leonard Richards was checking for storm damage on his property at\nTanjil South, 150 km (93 miles) east of Melbourne, on Sunday morning\nwhen he was hit by a falling branch. In a story reminiscent of the\nlong-running Australian children\u0026rsquo;s television series Skippy, in which a\npet kangaroo rescued people in distress in the Australian bush, the\nkangaroo began barking until Richards\u0026rsquo; wife came to investigate. She\nfound her husband lying unconscious under a tree about 200 metres (650\nfeet) from the house, guarded by the grey kangaroo. Lulu was hand-reared\nby the Richards family, who rescued her from her mother\u0026rsquo;s pouch and fed\nher on bottles after her mother was killed by a car about four years\nago.\u0026ldquo;Dad was totally out of it and Lulu was sitting by him in the bush\nmaking this really unusual yapping noise until Mum got there,\u0026rdquo; Richards\u0026rsquo;\n19-year-old son Luke told Reuters. \u0026ldquo;It was so lucky. Dad could have been\nthere for hours if it wasn\u0026rsquo;t for her,\u0026rdquo; he said. Richards was taken to\nhospital with suspected head injuries but allowed home on Sunday night.\nAnimal welfare group the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to\nAnimals (RSPCA) called for Lulu to be nominated for its annual national\nbravery award. (\u003ca href=\"https://metro.co.uk/2003/09/22/kangaroo-life-saver-382522/\"\u003emetro\nUK\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) The Dog Who Rescues Cats: The True Story of Ginny Philip Gonzalez\nhad lost all interest in living after an industrial accident left him\ndisabled. A friend suggested he adopt a dog.Reluctantly he went to the\nshelter, where Ginny, a badly abused one-year-old pup,quickly won him\nover. Philip realized immediately that Ginny was no ordinary dogā€“she had\nan amazing sixth sense that enabled her to find and rescue stray and\nailing cats.There\u0026rsquo;s Madame,who is completely deaf; Revlon, who has only\none eye; Betty Boop,who has no hind feet;and Topsy, a paralyzed kitten\nwhom Ginny found abandoned in an empty building. Ginny and Philip have\nnow rescued and found homes for over 200 cats, and they have over 60\n\u0026ldquo;outdoor cats\u0026rdquo; whom they visit and feed twice daily. Even more than\nextraordinary, Ginny\u0026rsquo;s angelicmission has given Philip a sense of\npurpose and a new lease on life. You will never forget the true\nadventures of Ginny, the dog who rescues cats.\n(\u003ca href=\"https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1111582.The_Dog_Who_Rescues_Cats\"\u003eGoodreads\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePot-bellied pig saves owner\u0026rsquo;s life by lying in front of a car Saturday,\nOctober 10, 1998 ā€¦ Jo Ann Altsman attributes her Vietnamese Pot Belly\nPig, Lu Lu with saving her life last month. (Annie O\u0026rsquo;Neill,\nPost-Gazette) OK, it was almost like that. Except that JO Ann Altsman of\nBeaver Falls didn\u0026rsquo;t twist her ankle, but had a heart attack. And it\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t in the wilderness but in the bedroom of her vacation trailer on\nPresque Isle. And the pet that ran ā€“ er, waddled ā€“ for help was a\nVietnamese pot-bellied pig named LuLu. When you think about it, LuLu\u0026rsquo;s\nreal-life feat the morning of Aug. 4 was much more amazing than any of\nLassie\u0026rsquo;s fictional rescues because she can\u0026rsquo;t bark. That didn\u0026rsquo;t matter.\nSmart pig that she is, Lulu did the next best thing. She laid down in\nfront of a car on the road outside the trailer and then led a\ndisbelieving motorist to Altsman, whose ordeal lasted 45 minutes. Had 15\nmore minutes elapsed, doctors told her, she likely would have died.\n\u0026ldquo;Pigs are very, very smart,\u0026rdquo; Altsman, 57, said yesterday. She is\nrecuperating from heart surgery she underwent Sept. 15. \u0026ldquo;They\u0026rsquo;re a lot\nsmarter than dogs.\u0026rdquo; ā€¦.Enter Lulu \u0026ldquo;She looked at my head. She made sounds\nlike she was crying,\u0026rdquo; said Altsman, who then imitated the sound ā€“ quite\nindescribable ā€“ of a crying Vietnamese potbellied pig. \u0026ldquo;You know, they\ncry big fat tears,\u0026rdquo; she noted. But the porker pulled herself together,\nand headed outside through the doggy/piggy door and into the fenced-in\nyard. Never before had Lulu left the confines of the yard ā€“ except for a\nleash walk ā€“ but this was no ordinary day. She somehow pushed open the\ngate and walked into the road. There, Lulu gave new meaning to the\nphrase \u0026ldquo;hogging the road.\u0026rdquo; Witnesses later told Altsman that Lulu waited\nuntil a car approached and then walked onto the road and laid down in\nfront of it. Several times she returned to Altsman only to leave again\nand try to get help. One man stopped but later said he was so unsure of\nwhat the creature on the road was that he was afraid to get out. \u0026ldquo;She\u0026rsquo;s\nnot very attractive,\u0026rdquo; Altsman allowed. But another motorist stopped for\nthe prone pig and got out. Lulu knew just what to do. She led the man to\nthe house and the rescue. \u0026ldquo;I heard a man hollering through the door,\n\u0026lsquo;Lady, your pig\u0026rsquo;s in distress,\u0026rdquo;\u0026rsquo; Altsman said. \u0026ldquo;I said, \u0026lsquo;I\u0026rsquo;m in\ndistress, too. Please call an ambulance.\u0026rdquo; The man, whose name Altsman\nnever learned, did just that and medics quickly arrived. But when the\npig tried to get into the ambulance with Altsman, medics gently let Lulu\nknow she had done enough for one day. Later, it was discovered that Lulu\nhad cut her rather pronounced stomach on the obviously too-small\ndoggy/piggy door. \u0026ldquo;My husband keeps enlarging it but she keeps\nenlarging, too,\u0026rdquo; Altsman said of Lulu, who turned 1 on July 4. Lulu was\npurchased in Edinboro in August 1997 by Jack Altsman as a 40th-birthday\npresent for the couple\u0026rsquo;s daughter, Jackie, of Fombell, Beaver County.\nJackie, however, went on a five-day whale-watching trip to New England\nand asked her parents to baby-sit Lulu. Jackie really didn\u0026rsquo;t want the\npig, Altsman said. \u0026ldquo;She came back on Aug. 18 and kept putting off\n(picking up Lulu), saying, \u0026lsquo;Next weekend, next weekend.\u0026rsquo; You know how\nkids are.\u0026rdquo; The Altsmans became attached to the porcine house pet, even\nas it exploded from 4 pounds to 150. And counting. And how did Altsman\nthank Lulu? \u0026ldquo;She got a jelly doughnut,\u0026rdquo; said Altsman. She then made a\nsloshing type noise that Lulu apparently makes when she devours pastry.\nEdited. By Michael A. Fuoco, Post-Gazette Staff Writer\n\u003ca href=\"https://old.post-gazette.com/regionstate/19981010pig2.asp\"\u003e(Post-Gazette\u003c/a\u003e\nor \u003ca href=\"https://unsolvedmysteries.fandom.com/wiki/Lulu\"\u003eUnsolved Wiki\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"7-hunting\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7 Hunting \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#7-hunting\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"71-if-we-werent-hunting-deer-they-would-overpopulate-and-start-dying-horrible-deaths-because-of-the-lack-of-food\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.1 If we weren\u0026rsquo;t hunting deer they would overpopulate and start dying horrible deaths because of the lack of food. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#71-if-we-werent-hunting-deer-they-would-overpopulate-and-start-dying-horrible-deaths-because-of-the-lack-of-food\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) If there is lack of food the animal population will not grow as\nmuch. If there is less food there are going to be less animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Humans have overpopulated many areas of the earth which has resulted\nin lack of food and poor living conditions, yet we do not hunt and\nexecute them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) In recent years, deer populations have increased to numbers\nunsupportable by wildlife habitat alone. Many researchers believe that\nthis increase results from continued human incursion into deer habitat,\nand the mismanagement of deer populations by forest and wildlife\nauthorities who see hunting as the primary means of population control.\nWildlife and land management agencies purport to effectively limit deer\npopulations to numbers sustainable by their natural habitat. In reality,\nthe policies of such agencies exacerbate deer overpopulation, serving\nonly to provide a population large enough to suit sport hunters. The\noverpopulation of deer stems not only from the specific mismanagement of\ndeer populations, but from them, mismanagement of our forestlands and\nnatural areas. Currently, there are approximately eight does for every\nbuck in the wild. Laws restrict the number of does that hunters may\nkill. Deer do not have monogamous mating relationships, and bucks will\noften mate with more than one female. As a result, the ratio of does to\nbucks sets the stage for a population explosion. Allowing hunters to\nkill more does, however, does not resolve population problems. In the\nnineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the open hunting of does left\nfawns without mothers, and removed too many females from the breeding\npopulation. Sport hunting decimated deer populations in many states. As\na result, states passed laws restricting the hunting of does. These\npolicies have contributed to the overpopulation of deer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Hunting does remove some animals from the population, but it does\nnot keep deer populations at a continually reduced level. Immediately\nafter a hunt, the remaining animals flourish because less competition\nfor food exists, allowing the remaining animals to live healthier lives,\nand resulting in a higher reproductive rate. Left alone by humans, the\nratio of does to bucks would be approximately equal. In Defense of\nAnimals believes that sport hunting is not only an ineffective wildlife\nmanagement tool, but a cruel and unnecessary practice. Sport hunting\nshould be banned, allowing deer populations to regulate themselves\nnaturally.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) This comes from the New Jersey Dept. of Fish and Wildlife\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.state.nj.us/dep/fgw/hunting.htm\"\u003ewebsite\u003c/a\u003e Note Commentary\nprovided by BD. New Jersey offers sportsmen and women more than 500,000\nacres of state-owned public open space providing a diversity of habitats\nfrom hardwood ridges and rolling hills to pine forests and salt marsh.\n(note: If this is PUBLIC land, why are hunters allowed to kill on this\nland? I\u0026rsquo;m not a hunter and strongly disagree with hunting. If it\u0026rsquo;s\npublic land, may I hike on it? And, if so, is there a risk of me being\nshot by a hunter?) This total includes more than 276,000 acres in 118\nWildlife Management Areas, specifically managed to enhance wildlife\npopulations and provide for wildlife-oriented recreation. (note 2 Ah, I\nsee. So, you\u0026rsquo;re not REALLY trying to control wildlife populations,\nyou\u0026rsquo;re trying to ENHANCE them. Does this not go against what hunters and\nthe NJ Dept. of Fish and Wildlife profess? You\u0026rsquo;re not trying to keep\nwildlife down to \u0026lsquo;controllable\u0026rsquo; numbers, you\u0026rsquo;re trying to increase\nnumbers to ensure your revenue from hunters. Typical lies coming from\nanti-nature zealots. ) New Jersey offers more than a hundred days of\ndeer hunting, including seasons for bow, shotgun and muzzleloading\nrifle. Multiple bag limits are the rule in most zones. The 2001-02 deer\nharvest was 68,669. In addition, some of the best waterfowl hunting on\nthe East coast is found in the Garden State. Snow geese, brant, black\nduck, mallard, bufflehead and a variety of other waterfowl species\nprovide extensive hunting opportunities, especially on the coastal\nmarshes. The Rockport Pheasant Farm produces 55,000 pheasants annually\nfor release on selected wildlife management areas. (note 3 Huh? What!\nThe Rockport Pheasant Farm PRODUCES? But why? If there is truly an\n\u0026lsquo;overabundance\u0026rsquo; of animals (that need \u0026lsquo;harvesting\u0026rsquo;) why purposely BREED\nanimals to be killed. I also heard that New York imports pheasants for\nhunting. Illogical, to say the least!) The wild turkey, reestablished in\nthe late 1970s, continues to increase throughout the state with the\npopulation now estimated at 18,000 - 20,000 with an annual harvest of\nmore than 2,000. (note 4: (note 4: Can someone explain to me why the\nwild turkey needed to be reestablished? My guess is that they were\nhunted to such low numbers that they had to be bred and imported from\nother areas. AGAIN, illogical! Please, the next time you spout\n\u0026ldquo;conservation,\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;manageable numbers\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;over population,\u0026rdquo; read you own\ntext, FIRST!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) Oh yeah ā€“ humans really know how to manage wildlife. Case study: \u0026ldquo;A\nwell-meant but misguided decision by conservationists is driving a\ncentral Asian antelope to the brink of extinction, a report claims\ntoday. Poachers who were encouraged to hunt the saiga, an antelope of\nthe steppes of Russia and Kazakhstan, to ease the pressure on rhino in\nAfrica and Asia, have brought about a catastrophic 97 per cent fall in\nthe animal\u0026rsquo;s numbers in a decade, according to this week\u0026rsquo;s New Scientist\nmagazine.\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;The decline from more than a million to fewer than 30,000 is\nthrough to be the most sudden and severe population crash of a large\nmammal. The saiga has been hunted, says the report by Fred Pearce, a\nscience writer, because in the early 1990s the World Wide Fund for\nNature (WWF) and other conservation groups actively promoted the saiga\nhorn as an alternative to the horn of endangered rhinos, which is used\nas an ingredient in traditional Chinese medicineā€¦..\u0026ldquo;The plains used to\nbe black with these antelopes, but now you can go out there and not see\nany at all,\u0026rdquo; says Dr Abigail Entwistle, director of the Eurasia\nprogramme of the conservation charity Fauna and Flora International.\n\u0026ldquo;This is the most sudden change in fortune for a large mammal species\nrecorded in recent times.\u0026quot;ā€¦According to the report, WWF began a campaign\nin 1991 in Hong Kong to publicise saiga horn as an alternative to rhino\nhorn, which when ground up is widely used in traditional Chinese\nmedicine as a remedy. Rhinoceros populations in Africa and Asia have\nalso been devastated by poachers hunting them for their\nhorns.\u0026quot;ā€¦According to Eleanor Milner-Gulland, of Imperial College London,\nthe leading Western expert on the saiga, there is no known case in\nbiology where the sex ratio has gone so wrong that fecundity has\ndisappeared in this way. Dr Milner-Gulland says that between 1993 and\n1998, saiga numbers across central Asia almost halved, to around\n600,000. Then, with most of the males gone, the population crash began\nin earnest, with numbers halving each year since, until last year\u0026rsquo;s\ncensus recorded just 30,000 individualsā€¦Hunters are unlikely to drive\nthe saiga to total extinction but without an unexpected reversal in its\nfortunes it will soon be confined to zoos and a few small reserves.\u0026rdquo;\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/rare-antelope-driven-to-edge-of-extinction-by-wellmeaning-conservationists-118786.html\"\u003eRare antelope driven to edge of extinction by well-meaning\nconservationists (Independent, 13 Feb,\n2003\u003c/a\u003e).\nAlso see Mao Zedong\u0026rsquo;s inane \u003ca href=\"https://indusscrolls.com/during-1958-chinese-famine-people-ate-people-parents-their-kids\"\u003eAnti-sparrow\nDrive\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eg) Yepā€“those hunters really do good. \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/society/2004/nov/04/environment.france\"\u003eHunters kill last brown\nbear\u003c/a\u003e\nAmelia Gentleman in Paris Thursday November 4, 2004 Hunters have shot\ndead the last female brown bear native to the Pyrenees, condemning the\nspecies to extinction and causing an \u0026ldquo;environmental catastrophe\u0026rdquo; for\nFrance, the government said. Animal protection groups were last night\nconcerned for the survival of the bear\u0026rsquo;s 10-month-old orphaned cub which\nescaped unharmed, but which was barely weaned. His mother,\naffectionately known by game wardens as Cannelle (Cinnamon), was killed\non Monday when a group of boar-hunters shot her in what they claim was\nself-defence. The environment minister, Serge Lepeltier, was to visit\nthe site of the killing last night to launch an investigation into how\nthe six experienced hunters had been allowed to organise a wild boar\nshoot in the area where the bear was living.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"72-a-lot-of-people-say-let-the-deers-natural-predators-kill-them-we-are-just-that\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.2 A lot of people say let the deer\u0026rsquo;s natural predators kill them, We are just that. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#72-a-lot-of-people-say-let-the-deers-natural-predators-kill-them-we-are-just-that\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Put a toddler in a room with an apple and a hamster. If the toddler\neats the hamster and plays with the apple, then humans are natural\npredators. (Repeat experiment with young cat for comparison).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) If we were the natural predators of deer we should be able to run\ndown and catch and devour a deer with only our teeth and handsā€“just like\na lion does. If we didn\u0026rsquo;t use tools ā€“ we would be the prey!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"73-animals-are-treated-terribly-in-the-meat-industry-so-isnt-hunting-better-than-getting-meat-from-the-super-market\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.3 Animals are treated terribly in the meat industry so isn\u0026rsquo;t hunting better than getting meat from the super market? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#73-animals-are-treated-terribly-in-the-meat-industry-so-isnt-hunting-better-than-getting-meat-from-the-super-market\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Maybe, but since meat eating itself isn\u0026rsquo;t justified, there is no\nexcuse to be hunting either.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) People who can go out and learn to use a rifle, get a hunting\nlicense, drive a car to get ammunition then drive to the forest to wait\nfor an animal to come along, then shoot it, then take it home on the\nhood of the car(assuming it doesnt get away and die a slow painful\ndeath), then cut it up and skin it, then cook itā€”can very easily just\ndrive or walk or bike to the grocery store and get vegetables and fruit\nor meat alternatives which are healthier for you. It saves time and\nmoney and it avoids the nastiness of the meat industry altogether.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) No its not better. It is like saying: \u0026ldquo;torturing someone before you\nkill him is worse than just killing him.\u0026rdquo; Yeahā€“but its irrelevant, since\nthe killing is unjustified to begin with.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"74-native-peoples-hunt-and-fish-and-trap-are-you-going-to-say-it-is-wrong-for-them-to-do-it--\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.4 Native peoples hunt and fish and trap, are you going to say it is wrong for them to do it? -\u0026gt; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#74-native-peoples-hunt-and-fish-and-trap-are-you-going-to-say-it-is-wrong-for-them-to-do-it--\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Editor: For more First Nations animal use arguments see \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/kg/arvegfaq/#headline-104\"\u003eVarious\nsection\u003c/a\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Yes, but we are not talking about native peoples, we are talking\nabout people who can easily give up the eating of animals ā€“ like you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Some people in desperate situations kill other people and steal from\nthem to survive, are you saying that\u0026rsquo;s right?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Anthropological excavations of many sites all around the world have\nshown that native people actually survived primarily (over 70%) on\nforaging, not hunting. and in any case, it is no longer necessary for\ntheir survival to hunt and fish.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) If they are human beings then they should live according to the same\nethical principles as any other human. No one can justify causing\nunnecessary harm to others by citing tradition or racial background.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) Modern tribal peoples (at least in North America) use guns,\nelectronics, industrial textiles and often sell their products to\nwesterners. They would be hypocritical to say that they are living\ntraditionallyā€“when they are using modern technology. If they are willing\nto give up the tradition of carving spearsā€“than they should be willing\nto give up the tradition of cruelty.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) Some native tribes like the Makah also kept human slaves. Others\npracticed human sacrifice and infanticide. Should they be allowed to\nre-adopt those practices too?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"75-your-philosophy-may-say-that-it-is-wrong-for-nativesaboriginals-to-hunt-and-fish-but-they-regard-the-animals-as-their-brothers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e7.5 Your philosophy may say that it is wrong for natives/aboriginals to hunt and fish, but they regard the animals as their brothers. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#75-your-philosophy-may-say-that-it-is-wrong-for-nativesaboriginals-to-hunt-and-fish-but-they-regard-the-animals-as-their-brothers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) If that is the case, then why do the Inuit, allegedly the natives of\nthe arctic, need hides and tools to survive, while their \u0026ldquo;brothers\u0026rdquo; the\nwolf and polar bear, do not? Without their artificial support, humans\nwould be the prey.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) While some aboriginal beliefs may regard other species as their kin,\nthey still treat them in ways that run contradictory to the way they\nwould treat other humans in their group. Citing some brotherhood is a\nsentimental appeal, not based on reason or ethical consistency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Oh that\u0026rsquo;s sweet. \u0026ldquo;I love you brother ā€“ that\u0026rsquo;s why I am going to\ndrive this spear into your gut, skin you, then sell your innards for\ncash so I can get a better tv set.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"8-meat-eating-and-dairy-consumption\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8 Meat Eating And Dairy Consumption \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#8-meat-eating-and-dairy-consumption\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"81-everyone-eats-meat-so-why-shouldnt-i\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.1 Everyone eats meat, so why shouldn\u0026rsquo;t I? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#81-everyone-eats-meat-so-why-shouldnt-i\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) If everyone jumped off a cliff would you?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Don\u0026rsquo;t give into peer pressure!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) If everyone thinks like that then we will never make any ethical\nprogress on this world!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) So you believe that you should hold yourself to the lowest common\nethical standard possible?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) Remember Socrates: Don\u0026rsquo;t Eat Animals. \u0026ldquo;Why is it so hard, seemingly\nimpossible, for our \u0026lsquo;responsible\u0026rsquo; press to convey the kinds of concerns\nthat Socrates raised as portrayed in Plato\u0026rsquo;s Republic ā€¦ [Editor: see\n\u003ca href=\"https://ivu.org/history/greece_rome/socrates.html\"\u003elink\u003c/a\u003e for\nSocrates-Glaucon discussion.] Today, the resources that are required to\nsustain this wasteful way of living (\u0026lsquo;diet\u0026rsquo; is Greek for \u0026lsquo;way of\nliving\u0026rsquo;) include large amounts of energy (read \u0026lsquo;oil\u0026rsquo;) for fertilizer,\npesticides, antibiotics, refrigeration, water pumping, etc. So today we\ngo to war to maintain our access to oil supplies, but the point Socrates\nmade 2500 years ago is still relevant today. We do not hear about these\nconcerns he raised so many years ago. Why not?\u0026rdquo; (Originally posted in\nthe Usenet newsgroup rec.food.veg on Nov 18, 1994 by John Champagne\n(\u003ca href=\"mailto:jchampag@lonestar.utsa.edu\"\u003ejchampag@lonestar.utsa.edu\u003c/a\u003e). Reposted at the \u003ca href=\"https://ivu.org/history/greece_rome/socrates.html\"\u003eInternational Vegetarian\nUnion website\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) Heart disease and cancer are the leading killers of Americans - if\nyou were to follow a vegan diet your chances of dying from heart disease\nor cancer is greatly reduced.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eg) Humans who eat meat risk being the incubator for new diseases that\nmay jump species. SARS, BSE (or mad cow disease), and now Asian bird\nflu: \u0026ldquo;Thai officials were battling yesterday to contain mounting public\npanic over the outbreak of avian influenza, which has left millions of\nchickens dead and killed at least eight people across Asia. Up to 13\ndeaths have been linked to the disease ā€¦ However, far more worrying than\nthe demise of the chicken industry is whether, under the right\nconditions, a mutant strain of airborne influenza is developing that\njumps species and can be transmitted to, and between, humans. That could\nput the world at risk of a deadly epidemic that would dwarf the impact\nof Sars.\u0026rdquo; \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/flu-panic-grows-as-death-toll-rises-75232.html\"\u003eFlu panic grows as death toll\nrises\u003c/a\u003e.\nWho needs germ warfare labs when you have meat eaters?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eh) From the Lancet 2004; 363: 234-36 \u0026ldquo;The establishment of permanent\nlive-animal markets (wet markets) in many countries means that there is\nusually carry over of animals from one day to the next, and more\nexpensive animals (eg, pheasants in poultry markets, civet cats in\nred-meat markets) can stay from days to weeks. Daily introduction of new\nanimals provides optimum conditions for amplification and perpetration\nof disease agents such as influenza. The influenza virus has a segmented\nnegatively stranded RNA genome with a propensity for reassortment and\ngeneration of novel agents. Add the daily human contacts (including\nchildren) with the live animals, and conditions are at an optimum for\nzoonotic transfer and the evolution of infectious disease agents.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei) \u0026ldquo;Scientists have shown that the three major pandemics of human\ninfluenza in the 20th century - 1918, 1958 and 1968 - were all the\nresult of avian virus changing its structure and becoming more\ninfectious to people. The densely populated Far East is considered a\nsource of new flu strains because domestic poultry and pigs are\nroutinely reared and handled by ordinary people.\u0026rdquo; New threat feared as\npigs test positive for bird flu virus. By Steve Connor, Science Editor\n07 February 2004\n\u003ca href=\"http://news.independent.co.uk/world/science_medical/story.jsp?story=488767\"\u003e(news.independent\u003c/a\u003e\nlink NA, but see these \u003ca href=\"http://www.portraitofindia.com/madcow2.htm\"\u003ePublic Health and Challenges to Food Self\nSufficiency and Reliance\u003c/a\u003e\nand \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/news/2004/040823/full/news040823-1.html\"\u003ePigs test positive for bird\nflu\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"82-people-from-3rd-world-countries-have-to-eat-meat-to-survive-and-what-about-the-people-in-the-arctic\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.2 People from 3rd world countries have to eat meat to survive and what about the people in the Arctic? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#82-people-from-3rd-world-countries-have-to-eat-meat-to-survive-and-what-about-the-people-in-the-arctic\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) People in a Third world country do not need to eat meat to survive.\nThe grain and water used to feed livestock could easily be used to feed\nmany times the population according to a vegetarian diet. As for people\nin colder climatesā€“if they can import guns, clothing, electronics,\ncomputers etc, then they can import vegetarian food. After all, people\nin colder climates, unlike real natives of the colder regionsā€“polar\nbears, penguins, arctic wolves, need artificial means to surviveā€“without\nitā€“they would perish. So relying on vegetable and fruit imports is no\nbig sacrifice if one wants to be compassionate and ethical.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"83-inuit-in-the-arctic-need-to-eat-meat-to-survivejust-like-bears-and-wolves\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.3 Inuit in the Arctic need to eat meat to surviveā€“just like bears and wolves. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#83-inuit-in-the-arctic-need-to-eat-meat-to-survivejust-like-bears-and-wolves\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) People in the Arctic choose to live thereā€“they don\u0026rsquo;t need to live\nthereā€“thus they don\u0026rsquo;t need to eat meat. A bear does not choose to live\nthereā€“they have to live thereā€“thus they do need to eat whatever they can\nto survive.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"84-alright-if-were-not-supposed-to-eat-animals-how-come-theyre-made-of-meat\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.4 Alright, if we\u0026rsquo;re not supposed to eat animals, how come they\u0026rsquo;re made of meat? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#84-alright-if-were-not-supposed-to-eat-animals-how-come-theyre-made-of-meat\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Humans are made of meat tooā€“so that means it is ok to be a cannibal\nalso.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"85-if-everyone-stopped-eating-meatandor-dairy-products-then-one-would-get-all-scrawny-just-eating-a-diet-of-vegetables\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.5 If everyone stopped eating meat(and/or dairy products), then one would get all scrawny just eating a diet of vegetables. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#85-if-everyone-stopped-eating-meatandor-dairy-products-then-one-would-get-all-scrawny-just-eating-a-diet-of-vegetables\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Do I LOOK like I am starving?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Name 4 sources of calcium OTHER than dairy products.\u0026rdquo; (i love this\none. most people can\u0026rsquo;t answer.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Any idea why the USA has one of the highest percentages of dairy\nconsumption AND osteoporosis?!?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Okay great! I have a vegetarian bodybuilder I want to arrange a\ndeath match with you. I might as well get rich off your stupidity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) Carl Lewis, the 9-time Olympic gold medalist shares how a vegan diet\nhelped him achieve the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kinderworld.org/videos/strength/carl-lewis-vegan-diet/\"\u003ebest results of his\ncareer\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) Novak Djokovic, the GOAT of tennis on his \u003ca href=\"https://www.kinderworld.org/videos/strength/novak-djokovic-vegan-plant-based-diet/\"\u003eplant-based\njourney\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eg) A documentary by James Cameron. Following James Wilks on his quest\nfor the truth about the dangerous myth - that meat is necessary for\nprotein, strength and health. See \u003ca href=\"https://www.kinderworld.org/videos/strength/the-game-changers-trailer/\"\u003eThe Game\nChangers\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"86-you-only-go-around-once-do-not-sacrifice-your-entire-life-for-something-that-does-not-matter\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.6 You only go around once, do not sacrifice your entire life for something that does not matter. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#86-you-only-go-around-once-do-not-sacrifice-your-entire-life-for-something-that-does-not-matter\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Oh yeah ā€“ and I guess fighting child abuse, women\u0026rsquo;s rights, crime,\nand injustice doesn\u0026rsquo;t matter either. Why not just become a serial killer\nwith an attitude like that?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"87-if-everyone-stopped-eating-meat-then-what-would-we-do-with-all-the-animals-we-would-be-overrun-by-them\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.7 If everyone stopped eating meat, then what would we do with all the animals? We would be overrun by them. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#87-if-everyone-stopped-eating-meat-then-what-would-we-do-with-all-the-animals-we-would-be-overrun-by-them\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Everyone wouldn\u0026rsquo;t stop eating animals at once. As demand drops off,\nso will breeding and raising of animals intended for consumption. We are\nbreeding them at this rate, this is not their natural rate of population\ngrowth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"88-if-everyone-stopped-eating-meat-then-the-species-would-go-extinct-without-us-breeding-them-for-consumption\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.8 If everyone stopped eating meat, then the species would go extinct without us breeding them for consumption. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#88-if-everyone-stopped-eating-meat-then-the-species-would-go-extinct-without-us-breeding-them-for-consumption\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) People are not going to stop eating animals all at once, it will\nmost likely be a gradual reduction. There will also probably be a few\npeople who will still keep them as companion animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) So? if they did go extinct it wouldn\u0026rsquo;t hurt anything. They have been\nbreed over the years to be something other than what their indigenous\nspecies originally was and all they are doing right now is causing\nerosion and pollution to the environment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) If the only way to keep your family lineage intact was to put you in\nextremely poor living conditions, force breed you, eat you, and then\nsteal your children and put them through the same cycle, wouldn\u0026rsquo;t you\nrather go extinct?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) They existed in the wild before they were domesticated for human\nconsumption..\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) If we were all vegan, then organizations like \u003ca href=\"https://www.farmsanctuary.org\"\u003eFarm\nSanctuary\u003c/a\u003e could still operate farms\nwhere chickens, pigs, and cows could peacefully and naturally live out\ntheir lives in harmony with human animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"89-all-the-food-charts-school-cafeterias-our-whole-culture-makes-it-appear-that-meat-and-dairy-are-natural-and-nutritious-foods-for-you-why-would-everyone-be-wrong\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.9 All the food charts, school cafeterias; our whole culture makes it appear that meat and dairy are natural and nutritious foods for you, why would everyone be wrong? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#89-all-the-food-charts-school-cafeterias-our-whole-culture-makes-it-appear-that-meat-and-dairy-are-natural-and-nutritious-foods-for-you-why-would-everyone-be-wrong\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Have you ever looked at who sponsors those food charts? (psst! the\nmeat and dairy industries)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) The foods in the charts depict only the most common foods. The USDA\nlikes to emphasize that their food guide pyramid is \u0026ldquo;well known\u0026rdquo;. But on\ncloser inspection, even mainstream organizations like the USDA/FDA do\nnot claim that meat and dairy are actually necessary for good health.\nAlternative food charts for vegetarians and vegans exist. On the other\nhand, evidence abounds that the current overconsumption of meat and\ndairy is responsible at least in part for common health problems, like\nheart disease, obesity, diabetes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Nutrition is not an easy science. The results of mass\nexperimentation take a long time to become clear. Mass experimentation\nin the developed countries with overconsumption of meat, fat and dairy\nhas led to an epidemic of heart disease, obesity and other diseases. The\nofficial recommendations are beginning to change. But both from a\nmedical perspective and from an ethical perspective the change is too\nslow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) You know, we are THE ONLY species that actually drinks the milk of\nanother species. You don\u0026rsquo;t see giraffes nursing on goats, do you? That\nmilk was made for the cow\u0026rsquo;s baby, not you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) See \u003ca href=\"https://nutritionfacts.org\"\u003enutritionfacts.org\u003c/a\u003e for\npeer-reviewed facts on nutrition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"810-humans-are-predators-if-we-were-to-eat-veggies-our-eyes-wouldnt-be-as-such-we-would-be-more-like-deer-or-turkeys-with-our-eyes-on-the-sides-of-our-heads-to-watch-for-danger\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.10 Humans are predators, if we were to eat veggies our eyes wouldnā€™t be as such. We would be more like deer or turkeys with our eyes on the sides of our heads to watch for danger. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#810-humans-are-predators-if-we-were-to-eat-veggies-our-eyes-wouldnt-be-as-such-we-would-be-more-like-deer-or-turkeys-with-our-eyes-on-the-sides-of-our-heads-to-watch-for-danger\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Gorillas are vegetarians and they have 97.7% human DNA. Likewise,\nchimpanzees have 98.4% human DNA and are primarily vegetarian. (Humans\nand chimpanzees are more closely genetically related than an African\nelephant is to an Asian elephant). Chimpanzee and gorilla\u0026rsquo;s eyes are not\non the sides of their heads.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) When we have fangs, prehensile tails, and claws we can continue this\nconversation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) So, I have the means to kill you, but I am not going to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Set a toddler down next to an apple and a hamster. if he/she eats\nthe hamster and ignores the apple, then we can talk.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) My fists have the ability to punch people but that doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean I\nshould go around doing that.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) So what does that make me?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eg) \u003ca href=\"https://drmiltonmillsplantbasednation.com/the-comparative-anatomy-of-eating/\"\u003eComparative anatomy of\nhumans\u003c/a\u003e\nby Milton R. Mills, M.D. excerpts: In conclusion, we see that human\nbeings have the gastrointestinal tract structure of a ā€œcommittedā€\nherbivore. Humankind does not show the mixed structural features one\nexpects and finds in anatomical omnivores such as bears and raccoons.\nThus, from comparing the gastrointestinal tract of humans to that of\ncarnivores, herbivores and omnivores we must conclude that humankind\u0026rsquo;s\nGI tract is designed for a purely plant-food diet. See \u003ca href=\"https://justiceforanimals.org/Table:_The_Comparative_Anatomy_of_Eating\"\u003esummary\nchart\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eh) Humans are predators because they choose to be not because they have\nto be.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei) From the Christian perspective God put our eyes just where he wants\nthem and there they will stay ā€¦ 14 I will praise thee; for I am\nfearfully and wonderfully made: marvellous are thy works; and that my\nsoul knoweth right well. 15 My substance was not hid from thee, when I\nwas made in secret, and curiously wrought in the lowest parts of the\nearth. 16 Thine eyes did see my substance, yet being unperfect; and in\nthy book all my members were written, which in continuance were\nfashioned, when as yet there was none of them. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalm+139%3A14-16\"\u003ePsalm\n139:14-16\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"811-if-everyone-stopped-eating-meat-then-the-food-would-be-bland\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.11 If everyone stopped eating meat, then the food would be bland. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#811-if-everyone-stopped-eating-meat-then-the-food-would-be-bland\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) There are good meat substitutes on the market.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) The food is really anything but bland. most people find that after\nswitching to a veg diet their food options seem to expand because they\nare forced to try new things and their palate no longer revolves around\nthe same foods in every meal. it\u0026rsquo;s not just raw tasteless vegetables.\nyou can still use herbs and spices and many sauces and pastas and breads\netc. Plus there are many great substitutes for all of your old\nfavorites.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Check out the items in \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Raw-Uncook-Book-Vegetarian-Food/dp/0060392622\"\u003eRAW: The Uncook\nBook\u003c/a\u003e\nand also see this \u003ca href=\"http://www.rawfoods.com/juliano/\"\u003eintro\u003c/a\u003e. There are\nmany other books and sites containing recipes (eg\n\u003ca href=\"Https://vegsource.com/recipes/\"\u003eVegsource\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.drmcdougall.com/recipes/\"\u003eMcDougall\u003c/a\u003e) burying the nonsense\nthat veg food is bland.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"812-if-everyone-stopped-eating-meat-then-you-would-suffer-from-calcium-iron-and-protein-deficiencies\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.12 If everyone stopped eating meat, then you would suffer from calcium, iron, and protein deficiencies. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#812-if-everyone-stopped-eating-meat-then-you-would-suffer-from-calcium-iron-and-protein-deficiencies\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Certain fruits and vegetables are loaded with calcium.. Certain\ngreens contain much iron. Soy products, and legumes provide ample\nprotein plus fiber without the fat and cholesteroleā€¦..\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Any nutrients that you find in meat can easily be found in plant\nfoods (and without all the fat and cholesterol). If you eat a variety,\nthere is no need to worry about vitamin or mineral deficiencies. It has\nactually been found that americans get 2-3 times the protein amount that\nis healthy for them, and this extra protein overloads the body with\nacid. to buffer the acid the body takes calcium out of your bones.\nStudies have also shown that vegetarians have stronger bones and lower\ncholesterol than meat eaters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Soldiers in the Roman Army subsisted on a diet made up of very plain\nfoods. Soldiers were required to pay up to one third of their wages for\ntheir food. They ate mostly bread, perhaps porridge, cheese or beans\nwith cheap wine to wash it down (Marks, Tingay 16). Marks, Anthony,\nTingay, Graham. The Romans. London. Usborne Publishing Ltd., 1990.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) \u0026ldquo;Dupont says that a soldier\u0026rsquo;s diet was even more extremely limited.\nShe reports that Legionaries ate only bread and drank only water plus a\nlittle vinegar when the weather was hot. It was considered that \u0026ldquo;bread\nwas the only food \u0026ldquo;fit for a soldier, hard food for hard men\u0026rdquo;(Dupont\n125). Dupont, Florence. Daily Life in Ancient Rome. Cambridge, USA.\nBasil Blackwell Ltd., 1992. Taken from: Social Position and Food in the\nRoman Empire -or- You Eat What You Are Jean Preston Roman Civilization\nDr. Christine Renaud 2 December 1997\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) Roman soldiers carried their grain (high gluten wheat) and flour\ngrindstones with them on the march. At night, after their 20 mile daily\nmarch they would have pasta and baked bread. They preferred this even\nover meat. When they did eat meat they considered it to be \u0026ldquo;barbarian\nfood.\u0026rdquo; (See \u003ca href=\"https://imperiumromanum.pl/en/roman-army/food-in-roman-army/\"\u003eFood in Roman\narmy\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"https://roman-empire.net/army/becoming-a-soldier/\"\u003eBecoming a\nSoldier\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"813-what-about-b-12\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.13 What about B-12? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#813-what-about-b-12\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe only reliable sources are animal products. Without it you could\nsuffer from pernicious anemia and other neurological problems.\u0026rdquo; (also\n\u0026ldquo;you couldnt have been a vegan 80 years ago because you need modern\ntechnology to create fortified foods.\u0026rdquo;)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) From: What Every Vegan Should Know About Vitamin B12 by Dr. Stephen\nWalsh. The only reliable vegan sources of B12 are foods fortified with\nB12 (including some plant milks, some soy products and some breakfast\ncereals) and B12 supplements. Vitamin B12, whether in supplements,\nfortified foods, or animal products, comes from micro-organisms. Most\nvegans consume enough B12 to avoid anaemia and nervous system damage,\nbut many do not get enough to minimise potential risk of heart disease\nor pregnancy complications. To get the full benefit of a vegan diet,\nvegans should do one of the following: Eat fortified foods two or three\ntimes a day to get at least three micrograms (mcg or g) of B12 a day or\nTake one B12 supplement daily providing at least 10 micrograms or Take a\nweekly B12 supplement providing at least 2000 micrograms.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) From: What Every Vegan Should Know About Vitamin B12 by Dr. Stephen\nWalsh \u0026ldquo;To be truly healthful, a diet must be best not just for\nindividuals in isolation but must allow all six billion people to thrive\nand achieve a sustainable coexistence with the many other species that\nform the \u0026ldquo;living earth\u0026rdquo;. From this standpoint the natural adaptation for\nmost (possibly all) humans in the modern world is a vegan diet. There is\nnothing natural about the abomination of modern factory farming and its\nattempt to reduce living, feeling beings to machines. In choosing to use\nfortified foods or B12 supplements, vegans are taking their B12 from the\nsame source as every other animal on the planet - micro-organisms -\nwithout causing suffering to any sentient being or causing environmental\ndamage.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) From: What Every Vegan Should Know About Vitamin B12 by Dr. Stephen\nWalsh: Vegans using adequate amounts of fortified foods or B12\nsupplements are much less likely to suffer from B12 deficiency than the\ntypical meat eater. The Institute of Medicine, in setting the US\nrecommended intakes for B12 makes this very clear. \u0026ldquo;Because 10 to 30\npercent of older people may be unable to absorb naturally occurring\nvitamin B12, it is advisable for those older than 50 years to meet their\nRDA mainly by consuming foods fortified with vitamin B12 or a vitamin\nB12-containing supplement.\u0026rdquo; Vegans should take this advice about 50\nyears younger, to the benefit of both themselves and the animals. B12\nneed never be a problem for well-informed vegans. Further information:\nDietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6,\nFolate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline, National\nAcademy Press, 1998 ISBN 0-309-06554-2.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Excerpt from Dr. Klaperā€™s article ā€˜Nutrition for Optimum Healthā€™\n(which seems to be NA): \u0026ldquo;Let me be very clear about this, cows do not\nmake vitamin B-12. They never have, they never will. Pigs don\u0026rsquo;t make\nvitamin B-12, chickens don\u0026rsquo;t make vitamin B-12, no animal makes vitamin\nB-12. They never have, they never will. Vitamin B-12 is synthesized by\nsingle-celled microbes (bacteria) that live in the soils of the earth.\nAnd long ago when the earth and soils were healthy, before we put all\nsorts of chemicals on them, the surface of the earth was covered with\nvitamin B-12. There used to be lots of vitamin B-12 in our lives. Even\nif you were a pure vegetarian 300 years ago, you could open up the back\ndoor of your cottage and outside would be a beautiful organic garden.\nEvery carrot you pulled out of the ground would have little particles of\nvitamin B-12 sticking to it. When it came time to get your water, you\u0026rsquo;d\ntake a bucket of water out of the stream, and there too you would find\nvitamin B-12. There would be B-12 under your finger nails from working\nin the garden. There would be plenty of B-12 in your life, and since you\nneeded so little of it, concerns about deficiency would not be an issue.\nWe\u0026rsquo;ve become very isolated from the earth and we\u0026rsquo;ve lost our natural\nsources of B-12. Cows have B-12 in their muscles because they\u0026rsquo;re eating\ngrass all day and their pulling up clumps of dirt that have B-12\nproducing organisms clinging to the root of the grass. They eat the B-12\nproducing organisms who produce the B-12, which gets absorbed into their\nbloodstream, goes out into the muscles, and is deposited into their\nmuscles and livers. But that is bacterial B-12 in the cow\u0026rsquo;s muscle. The\ncow did not make it, nor did the pig or chicken. Those same organisms\nare now cultured in big vats, producing their B-12 that is eventually\nseparated out. It is then added to breakfast cereals, soy milks soy\nburgers, nutritional yeast, and vitamin tablets. It\u0026rsquo;s easy to get\nvitamin B-12 without consuming animal products and I suggest if you\nreally want to lighten up your diet, find a non-animal source of B-12.\nWe are evolving as a species. What our caveman ancestors ate is of\nlittle import to us now. The question is what is the best diet for\nmodern human beings? Medical literature is clearly showing that the less\nanimal fat and animal protein you put in your system, the healthier you\nare going to be.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) Strict vegetarians (in the Jain religion) have lived for many\nhundreds of years in India. If B12 deficiency was such a problem,\nJainism would have not have continued to this day. Also see: \u003ca href=\"https://dakinitranslations.com/buddhist-vegetarianism/\"\u003eBuddhist\nVegetarianism Dakini\nTranslations\u003c/a\u003e,\nAncient Vegans\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/jon-fergus/ancient-vegans-appolonius/\"\u003eAppolonius\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/jon-fergus/ancient-vegans-porphyry/\"\u003ePorphyry\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/jon-fergus/ancient-vegans-the-orphics-and-the-hymn-to-health/\"\u003eOrphics\u003c/a\u003e),\nand \u003ca href=\"https://bitesizevegan.org/ethics/vegans-in-ancient-times-the-history-of-veganism-part-one/\"\u003eVegans In Ancient\nTimes\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) We don\u0026rsquo;t live 80 years ago ā€“ we live now. If you want to turn back\nthe clock you can easily get your daily sources of B12. Just don\u0026rsquo;t wash\nyour hands and avoid taking baths. Since you want to live naturally you\nwill also want to avoid using running water, electricity, industrial\nclothing, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eg) I would rather risk the low chance of getting B12 deficiency through\na vegan diet as opposed to the much greater risk of heart disease,\ncancer, osteoporosis etc from a meat diet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"814-we-have-been-killing-and-eating-meat-for-centuries-why-should-we-stop-now\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.14 We have been killing and eating meat for centuries, why should we stop now? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#814-we-have-been-killing-and-eating-meat-for-centuries-why-should-we-stop-now\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) If you use tradition as your moral standard it allows that human\nslavery, the oppression of women, ethnocentricity and religious based\ndiscrimination would be tolerated. You would need to show why humans are\ndeserving of an exemption from this ethical standard. Why a racist or a\nreligious bigot could not discriminate on the basis of race or religion\nwhile others could discriminate on the basis of species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) According to spiritual and secular mythology/belief, at one point in\nhuman history we were essentially vegetarian. The world\u0026rsquo;s oldest known\nmonotheistic religion: Zoroasterism, was a vegetarian religion. Theories\nof biological evolution suggest that human ancestors were plant eaters\nbefore adopting an omnivorous diet. Also, our teeth and intestines are\nconsistent with what is known to be a herbivore physiology.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) There are many religions that do not adhere to such a principle and\nin fact propose a contrary perspective:.Jainism, Buddhism, etc.\nCompassion for all life is a matter of doctrine. One can askā€”did God\ncreate surplus compassionā€”or was it the Devil? Can one be too\ncompassionate?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) There were always a few individuals who protested against the\nAtlantic slave-trade right from the beginning; but governments and\ntraders paid no attention to them during the fifteenth, sixteenth and\nseventeenth centuries. It was not until the late eighteenth century that\nserious attempts were made to put a stop to this trade. James Boswell,\ntrying to refute the arguments of abolitionists, writes in his Life of\nJohnson that, \u0026ldquo;The wild and dangerous attempt which has for some time\nbeen persisted in order to obtain an act of our legislature, to abolish\nso very important and necessary branch of commercial interest, must have\nbeen crus(h)ed at once, had not the insignificance of the zealots who\nvainly took the lead in it, made the vast body of Planters, Merchants,\nand others, whose immense properties are involved in that trade,\nreasonably enough suppose that there could be no danger. The\nencouragement which the attempt has received excites my wonder and\nindignation; and though some men of superior abilities have supported\nit, whether from a love of temporary popularity, when prosperous; or a\nlove of general mischief, when desperate, my opinion is unshaken. To\nabolish a status which in all ages GOD has sanctioned, and man has\ncontinued, would not only be robbery to an innumerable class of our\nfellow-subjects; but it would be extreme cruelty to the African Savages,\na portion of whom it saves from massacre, or intolerable bondage in\ntheir own country, and introduces into a much happier state of life;\nespecially now when their passage to the West Indies and their treatment\nthere is humanely regulated. To abolish that trade would be to shut the\ngates of mercy on mankind. Boswell, J., Life of Johnson (N.Y.: Modern\nLibrary Edition, 1965) p. 365. (See \u003ca href=\"https://www.al-islam.org/slavery-islamic-and-christian-perspectives-sayyid-saeed-akhtar-rizvi/christians-organise-slave-trade\"\u003eChristians Organise\nSlave-Trade\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"815-other-animals-kill-other-species-for-food\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.15 Other animals kill other species for food. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#815-other-animals-kill-other-species-for-food\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) They need to eat meat to survive ā€“ humans do not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Some species have been known to kill members of their own species -\nif you are saying it is okay to kill other species because a lion does\nit, then a child murderer could say we have a right to kill our children\nbecause lions do it too. Some species resort to cannabilism including\nhomo sapiens: look at these historical occurences: \u003ca href=\"https://www.thetorah.com/article/parents-eating-their-children-the-torahs-curse-and-its-undertones-in-medieval-interpretation\"\u003eParents Eating their\nChildren\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"https://indusscrolls.com/during-1958-chinese-famine-people-ate-people-parents-their-kids\"\u003eDuring 1958 Chinese famine, people ate people; parents their\nkids\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"https://allthatsinteresting.com/holodomor-ukrainian-famine\"\u003eHolodomor\u003c/a\u003e,\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.toptenz.net/top-10-historic-famines-caused-cannibalism.php\"\u003eTop 10 Historic Famines that Caused\nCannibalism\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"816-much-of-the-grain-we-feed-to-the-animals-is-not-edible-by-humans\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.16 Much of the grain we feed to the animals is not edible by humans. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#816-much-of-the-grain-we-feed-to-the-animals-is-not-edible-by-humans\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) It would take much less energy to make that grain \u0026ldquo;human quality,\u0026rdquo;\nthan it would to feed it all to cattle and then get just a little bit of\nbeef with all of the environmental impacts that entails.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) What about water? Think of the water shortages today. There are\npeople in India who have to travel for miles to get daily water, while\nlivestock in the US gets all the water they needā€“just to support an\nunnecessary diet of meat and dairy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"817-meat-tastes-good-and-is-good-for-you\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.17 Meat tastes good and is good for you. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#817-meat-tastes-good-and-is-good-for-you\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) It\u0026rsquo;s not good for you - cholesterol, saturated fat, and no fiber.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) The drug addict likes their drugs. They might even know the drugs\nare bad for them. But the excuse for not giving them up is they like\nthem. Any rational person however will recognize the disfunctionality of\nthis argument. The sane person gives up destructive behaviors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"818-if-everyone-stopped-eating-meat-then-people-would-lose-lots-of-jobs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.18 If everyone stopped eating meat, then people would lose lots of jobs. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#818-if-everyone-stopped-eating-meat-then-people-would-lose-lots-of-jobs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) A lot of people would lose jobs if people stopped smoking. All those\ntobacco farmers and cigarette company workers would be out of jobs.\nGosh, I should start smoking to help the economy! \u0026ldquo;What if world peace\nwere achieved tomorrow? All those poor soldiers and arms manufacturers\nand surgeons would be out of work. Gosh, we can\u0026rsquo;t have that!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"819-what-if-you-just-ate-a-small-amount-of-meat-and-you-got-it-from-an-organic-farm-that-you-knew-treated-the-animals-relatively-well\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.19 What if you just ate a small amount of meat and you got it from an organic farm that you knew treated the animals relatively well. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#819-what-if-you-just-ate-a-small-amount-of-meat-and-you-got-it-from-an-organic-farm-that-you-knew-treated-the-animals-relatively-well\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Well, that\u0026rsquo;s better than nothing, but it\u0026rsquo;s not the best option.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Are you doing that?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) What if slave traders only kept a few slaves and treated them\nrelatively well?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"820-what-if-we-genetically-engineered-animals-to-have-no-brains-and-no-feelings-or-grew-meat-in-jars-then-would-it-be-ethical\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.20 What if we genetically engineered animals to have no brains and no feelings, or grew meat in jars? Then would it be ethical? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#820-what-if-we-genetically-engineered-animals-to-have-no-brains-and-no-feelings-or-grew-meat-in-jars-then-would-it-be-ethical\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Well, to get to that point there has to be many animal sacrifices\nthat do have brains and feelings. Plus, it would still be bad for your\nhealth and the environment (in the production of such a thing). Also,\nthere are many fake meats that work just as well and don\u0026rsquo;t involve risky\nanimal experiments. [Editor: The corpse industries will be eliminated\nto a huge extent by 2030 by fake meats, cultured meat and precision\nfermentation. This article from ReThinkX provides some \u003ca href=\"https://www.rethinkx.com/food-and-agriculture\"\u003edetails on where\nwe are headed\u003c/a\u003e.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) What if you genetically engineered humans to have no brains and no\nfeelings so we could use them in scientific experiments? would that be\nethical?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"821-eating-cats-and-dogs-is-no-different-than-eating-other-animals-such-as-cattle-or-pigs-for-food\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e8.21 Eating cats and dogs is no different than eating other animals such as cattle or pigs for food. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#821-eating-cats-and-dogs-is-no-different-than-eating-other-animals-such-as-cattle-or-pigs-for-food\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) What other species actively eats carnivores? It is not a healthy\npractice, especially considering that carnivores don\u0026rsquo;t usually have long\nlifespans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Basically when you say it is no different from eating any other\nanimals you are right, but since eating farm animals is wrong too, how\ndoes that make eating cats and dogs right? How do two wrongs make a\nright?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Let\u0026rsquo;s say someone criticized Russia for its treatment of people in\nChechnya. And let\u0026rsquo;s say that Russia replied, \u0026ldquo;Our treatment of people in\nChechnya is no worse than Israel\u0026rsquo;s treatment of the Palestinians.\u0026rdquo; Maybe\nso, but how does that DEFEND what Russia is doing in Chechnya? In order\nto defend the practice of eating cats and dogs, you have to use an\nargument that defends the practice in and of itself, not one that\ndeflects the issue to some other exploitation [Editor: \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/ycc/fallacies/list.html#sec-7\"\u003eTu quoque\nfallacy\u003c/a\u003e].\nEating domesticated cats and dogs for food is unnecessary and not\nconsistent with a principle of trying to be as ethical and as fair as\npossibleā€“period. There are healthier and less cruel alternatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"9-plants\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e9 Plants \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#9-plants\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"91-do-you-eat-plants-fruit-you-are-killing-anyway-plants-feel-pain\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e9.1 Do you eat plants? Fruit? You are killing anyway. Plants feel pain. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#91-do-you-eat-plants-fruit-you-are-killing-anyway-plants-feel-pain\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) This attack implies that the animal activist should not even try to\nstop exploitation and killing, since it cannot be avoided in all\nsituations. It fails to consider that if killing cannot be avoided, and\none should not try to stop it, the spectator is under no obligation to\nlimit their lack of concern to nonhuman living beings. One can say:\n\u0026ldquo;well since I can\u0026rsquo;t stop killing why should I care about ANY killing? I\nmight as well look the other way if my neighbor gets killed.\u0026rdquo; Why should\na line be drawn at the human level and not a racial, gender, age,\nreligion or some other line of value? People do it anyway.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) This is an argument fallacy (specifically \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/ycc/fallacies/list.html#sec-7\"\u003eTu\nquoque\u003c/a\u003e).\nIt is an example of argumentum ad hominem. A changing the subject\ntactic. Instead of attacking the argument, the opponent attacks the\nperson making the argument. People who use this approach often get\nhypocrisy confused with consistency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Plants don\u0026rsquo;t have a central nervous system, so no, they don\u0026rsquo;t feel\npain. And a plant doesn\u0026rsquo;t bleed, scream, and struggle to get away when\nyou pick it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) If your lawn starts bleeding and screaming when you mow it, give me\na call.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) Take a class in biology. when you learn about the central nervous\nsystem, we can continue this conversation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) The best thing I found for the plants feel pain thing is that meat\neaters kill way more plants than us anyway to feed to all the animals\nthey are gonna kill. So if plants do feel pain then vegans are still the\nkindest lot!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"10-religion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e10 Religion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#10-religion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"101-god-meant-us-to-eat-meat\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e10.1 God meant us to eat meat. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#101-god-meant-us-to-eat-meat\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Not according to the Seven Days Adventists who are vegetarian.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) In Genesis it clearly states that the first best food for humans is\nvegetables and fruits.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Some people would say God also meant whites to rules blacks (eg see\n\u003ca href=\"https://slaveryadvocate.com/\"\u003eSlavery Advocate\u003c/a\u003e, and pdf thesis \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcommons.winthrop.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1053\u0026amp;context=graduatetheses\"\u003eIf God\nIs For Us Who Can Be Against\nUs?\u003c/a\u003e),\nthat its okay to beat children and hang homosexuals. You can use God to\njustify any argument.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) If God meant us to eat meat why do animals run away from us when we\nwant to eat em?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) Oh that\u0026rsquo;s what the devil wants you to think. Bwhahaahahahaha.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) Well, if god put animals on the earth for us to eat and gave them\nfeelings and emotions so they would suffer then god is an asshole.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eg) It\u0026rsquo;s easier to argue that Satan meant us to eat meat, since its\nconsumption is based on violence and destruction. Perhaps Satan altered\nthe Bible to promote injustice and violence. How can you prove he didnt?\nThe corrupt Roman Empire adopted the Christian religion and edited the\ngospels. I could point to all the modern violence and injustice\ncommitted in the name of God and the Bibleā€“so much for mercy and\ncompassion among its adherents. Strange that fruits and vegetables are\nso bright and colourful and resistant to disease while meat is the\ncolour of excrement and full of bacteria. Odd that raising cattle for\nmeat is incredibly destructive, wasteful of water, and time consuming\nwhile growing vegetables and fruits are much easier. After all, wasn\u0026rsquo;t\nSatan\u0026rsquo;s downfall the sin of pride? And aren\u0026rsquo;t you demonstrating pride\nwhen you say you are better than the rest of creation?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"102-my-god-tells-me-that-animals-are-here-for-our-use-the-bible-and-all-religions-say-so\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e10.2 My god tells me that animals are here for our use. The Bible and all religions say so. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#102-my-god-tells-me-that-animals-are-here-for-our-use-the-bible-and-all-religions-say-so\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) The Bible also contains incest, stoning adultresses to death, raping\na young girl to death, and the slaughter of children. Are you saying\nthat all of this other Biblical violence is also endorsed? The Bible has\nalso been used to support slavery, neo-Nazism, and the Inquisition, aka\nthe witches\u0026rsquo; Holocaust. Do you really want to include yourself in that\nillustrious company?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) In Genesis 1:29, God specifically says that S/He has given us\nplants, and to us they shall be as meat. Sounds pretty clearcut to me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) The word meat in the bible is often confused with animal flesh. It\u0026rsquo;s\na translational error from the greek word for nutrition. So when Jesus\ngoes to market for \u0026ldquo;meat\u0026rdquo; it should read nutrition. [Editor: Certain\nlanguages have a seperate word for meat eg fleisch (German)]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) The bible also contains favorable arguments for incest and slavery.\nWhew! That\u0026rsquo;s great because I was planning on marrying my brother and\nthen selling him to a sweat shop.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) I guess you never heard of Buddhism or Jainism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) My god tells me that animals aren\u0026rsquo;t here for our use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eg) And there are adherents of religions who say their god tells them\nthat their race, gender and religion allows them to exploit others who\ndon\u0026rsquo;t (or do) follow their religion(or have their race or gender). Let\u0026rsquo;s\nsee you get your god to speak up and prove them wrong.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eh) Because anyone can claim anything by invoking the authority of a\ndeity (or deities) such an argument is invalid. [Editor: See Joan Baez\nperform Dylan\u0026rsquo;s \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xUZGGFOV6FM\"\u003eWith God on Our\nSide\u003c/a\u003e.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei) Old Testament attitudes that no longer are applicable:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOn women:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1 Corinthians 11:3-15\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3 But I would have you know, that the head of every man is Christ; and\nthe head of the woman is the man; and the head of Christ is God.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4 Every man praying or prophesying, having his head covered,\ndishonoureth his head.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5 But every woman that prayeth or prophesieth with her head uncovered\ndishonoureth her head: for that is even all one as if she were shaven.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6 For if the woman be not covered, let her also be shorn: but if it be\na shame for a woman to be shorn or shaven, let her be covered.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7 For a man indeed ought not to cover his head, forasmuch as he is the\nimage and glory of God: but the woman is the glory of the man.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8 For the man is not of the woman; but the woman of the man.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9 Neither was the man created for the woman; but the woman for the\nman.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10 For this cause ought the woman to have power on her head because of\nthe angels.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e11 Nevertheless neither is the man without the woman, neither the\nwoman without the man, in the Lord.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e12 For as the woman is of the man, even so is the man also by the\nwoman; but all things of God.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e13 Judge in yourselves: is it comely that a woman pray unto God\nuncovered?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e14 Doth not even nature itself teach you, that, if a man have long\nhair, it is a shame unto him?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e15 But if a woman have long hair, it is a glory to her: for her hair\nis given her for a covering.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnd: 1 Corinthians 14:34\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e34 Let your women keep silence in the churches: for it is not\npermitted unto them to speak; but they are commanded to be under\nobedience, as also saith the law.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnd: 1 Timothy 2:9-15\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9 In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel,\nwith shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or gold, or\npearls, or costly array;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10 But (which becometh women professing godliness) with good works.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e11 Let the woman learn in silence with all subjection .\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e12 But I suffer not a woman to teach, nor to usurp authority over the\nman, but to be in silence. 13 For Adam was first formed, then Eve.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e14 And Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was in the\ntransgression.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e15 Notwithstanding she shall be saved in childbearing, if they\ncontinue in faith and charity and holiness with sobriety.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnd about mixing races:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNumbers 25:6-9\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6 And, behold, one of the children of Israel came and brought unto his\nbrethren a Midianitish woman in the sight of Moses, and in the sight\nof all the congregation of the children of Israel, who were weeping\nbefore the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7 And when Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest,\nsaw it, he rose up from among the congregation, and took a javelin in\nhis hand.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8 And he went after the man of Israel into the tent, and thrust both\nof them through, the man of Israel, and the woman through her belly.\nSo the plague was stayed from the children of Israel.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9 And those that died in the plague were twenty and four thousand.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnd on mercy:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1 Samuel 15:1-23\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1 Samuel also said unto Saul, The LORD sent me to anoint thee to be\nking over his people, over Israel: now therefore hearken thou unto the\nvoice of the words of the LORD.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2 Thus saith the LORD of hosts, I remember that which Amalek did to\nIsrael, how he laid wait for him in the way, when he came up from\nEgypt.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3 Now go and smite Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and\nspare them not; but slay both man and woman, infant and suckling, ox\nand sheep, camel and ass.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4 And Saul gathered the people together, and numbered them in Telaim,\ntwo hundred thousand footmen, and ten thousand men of Judah.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5 And Saul came to a city of Amalek, and laid wait in the valley.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6 And Saul said unto the Kenites, Go, depart, get you down from among\nthe Amalekites, lest I destroy you with them: for ye shewed kindness\nto all the children of Israel, when they came up out of Egypt. So the\nKenites departed from among the Amalekites.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7 And Saul smote the Amalekites from Havilah until thou comest to\nShur, that is over against Egypt.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8 And he took Agag the king of the Amalekites alive, and utterly\ndestroyed all the people with the edge of the sword.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9 But Saul and the people spared Agag, and the best of the sheep, and\nof the oxen, and of the fatlings, and the lambs, and all that was\ngood, and would not utterly destroy them: but every thing that was\nvile and refuse, that they destroyed utterly.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10 Then came the word of the LORD unto Samuel, saying,\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e11 It repenteth me that I have set up Saul to be king: for he is\nturned back from following me, and hath not performed my commandments.\nAnd it grieved Samuel; and he cried unto the LORD all night.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e12 And when Samuel rose early to meet Saul in the morning, it was told\nSamuel, saying, Saul came to Carmel, and, behold, he set him up a\nplace, and is gone about, and passed on, and gone down to Gilgal.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e13 And Samuel came to Saul: and Saul said unto him, Blessed be thou of\nthe LORD: I have performed the commandment of the LORD.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e14 And Samuel said, What meaneth then this bleating of the sheep in\nmine ears, and the lowing of the oxen which I hear?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e15 And Saul said, They have brought them from the Amalekites: for the\npeople spared the best of the sheep and of the oxen, to sacrifice unto\nthe LORD thy God; and the rest we have utterly destroyed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e16 Then Samuel said unto Saul, Stay, and I will tell thee what the\nLORD hath said to me this night. And he said unto him, Say on.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e17 And Samuel said, When thou wast little in thine own sight, wast\nthou not made the head of the tribes of Israel, and the LORD anointed\nthee king over Israel?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e18 And the LORD sent thee on a journey, and said, Go and utterly\ndestroy the sinners the Amalekites, and fight against them until they\nbe consumed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e19 Wherefore then didst thou not obey the voice of the LORD, but didst\nfly upon the spoil, and didst evil in the sight of the LORD?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e20 And Saul said unto Samuel, Yea, I have obeyed the voice of the\nLORD, and have gone the way which the LORD sent me, and have brought\nAgag the king of Amalek, and have utterly destroyed the Amalekites.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e21 But the people took of the spoil, sheep and oxen, the chief of the\nthings which should have been utterly destroyed, to sacrifice unto the\nLORD thy God in Gilgal.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e22 And Samuel said, Hath the LORD as great delight in burnt offerings\nand sacrifices, as in obeying the voice of the LORD? Behold, to obey\nis better than sacrifice, and to hearken than the fat of rams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e23 For rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft, and stubbornness is as\niniquity and idolatry. Because thou hast rejected the word of the\nLORD, he hath also rejected thee from being king.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnd then there\u0026rsquo;s Biblical attitudes towards mercy and equality:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeuteronomy 7:1-11\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1 When the LORD thy God shall bring thee into the land whither thou\ngoest to possess it, and hath cast out many nations before thee, the\nHittites, and the Girgashites, and the Amorites, and the Canaanites,\nand the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, seven nations\ngreater and mightier than thou;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2 And when the LORD thy God shall deliver them before thee; thou shalt\nsmite them, and utterly destroy them; thou shalt make no covenant with\nthem, nor shew mercy unto them:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3 Neither shalt thou make marriages with them; thy daughter thou shalt\nnot give unto his son, nor his daughter shalt thou take unto thy son.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4 For they will turn away thy son from following me, that they may\nserve other gods: so will the anger of the LORD be kindled against\nyou, and destroy thee suddenly.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5 But thus shall ye deal with them; ye shall destroy their altars, and\nbreak down their images, and cut down their groves, and burn their\ngraven images with fire.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6 For thou art an holy people unto the LORD thy God: the LORD thy God\nhath chosen thee to be a special people unto himself, above all people\nthat are upon the face of the earth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7 The LORD did not set his love upon you, nor choose you, because ye\nwere more in number than any people; for ye were the fewest of all\npeople:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8 But because the LORD loved you, and because he would keep the oath\nwhich he had sworn unto your fathers, hath the LORD brought you out\nwith a mighty hand, and redeemed you out of the house of bondmen, from\nthe hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9 Know therefore that the LORD thy God, he is God, the faithful God,\nwhich keepeth covenant and mercy with them that love him and keep his\ncommandments to a thousand generations;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10 And repayeth them that hate him to their face, to destroy them: he\nwill not be slack to him that hateth him, he will repay him to his\nface.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e11 Thou shalt therefore keep the commandments, and the statutes, and\nthe judgments, which I command thee this day, to do them.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ej) The same Bible that seems to condone the eating of animals flesh\nallows men to have hundreds of concubines to use whenever and yet will\nstone a woman caught in act of adultry. The same Bible that you use to\nteach the eating of flesh also teaches that others be used and kept as\nslaves. The same Bible teaches that woman can\u0026rsquo;t even pray without having\nlong hair or their heads covered. It teaches that woman are to be in\nsubmission to men. That we are not even allowed to speak in the church.\nThat they are to be keepers at home. How many Christian woman have left\ntheir homes for careers and the rearing of their children to others? To\nuse the Bible to teach that the eating of meat is okay for the day in\nwhich we live is just as stupid as the above mentioned and is nothing\nmore than modern subjectivism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ek) New Testament attitudes towards\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ehuman slavery:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEphesians 6:5-8\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5 Servants, be obedient to them that are your masters according to the\nflesh, with fear and trembling, in singleness of your heart, as unto\nChrist;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6 Not with eyeservice, as menpleasers; but as the servants of Christ,\ndoing the will of God from the heart;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7 With good will doing service, as to the Lord, and not to men:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8 Knowing that whatsoever good thing any man doeth, the same shall he\nreceive of the Lord, whether he be bond or free.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eColossians 3:22\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e22 Servants, obey in all things your masters according to the flesh;\nnot with eyeservice, as menpleasers; but in singleness of heart,\nfearing God.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePhilemon 1:10-16\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10 I beseech thee for my son Onesimus, whom I have begotten in my\nbonds:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e11 Which in time past was to thee unprofitable, but now profitable to\nthee and to me: (Paul is saying that Onesimus, a runaway slave\nconverted to Christianity, was not a good servant in the past. His\nconversion to Christ will change that. Thus, human slavery is\ncondoned.)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e12 Whom I have sent again: thou therefore receive him, that is, mine\nown bowels:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e13 Whom I would have retained with me, that in thy stead he might have\nministered unto me in the bonds of the gospel:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e14 But without thy mind would I do nothing; that thy benefit should\nnot be as it were of necessity, but willingly.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e15 For perhaps he therefore departed for a season, that thou shouldest\nreceive him for ever;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e16 Not now as a servant, but above a servant, a brother beloved,\nspecially to me, but how much more unto thee, both in the flesh, and\nin the Lord? Paul is saying the servant is not to be received just as\na servant but now as a brother in Christ).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003epoverty:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMatthew 26:6-11\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6 Now when Jesus was in Bethany, in the house of Simon the leper,\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7 There came unto him a woman having an alabaster box of very precious\nointment, and poured it on his head, as he sat at meat.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8 But when his disciples saw it, they had indignation, saying, To what\npurpose is this waste?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9 For this ointment might have been sold for much, and given to the\npoor.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10 When Jesus understood it, he said unto them, Why trouble ye the\nwoman? for she hath wrought a good work upon me.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e11 For ye have the poor always with you; but me ye have not always.\n(So basically the creator or son of the creator is saying you might as\nwell anoint me with this ā€“ because you will never get rid of poverty.\nSo I guess we shouldn\u0026rsquo;t try?)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003el) Ambiguous Biblical Terms used to Describe Slavery \u0026ldquo;In an apparent\nattempt to disguise the practice of slavery, some translations in the\nBible translate the word slave (doulos in Greek) as servant. Casual\nreaders of the Bible would assume that the passages refer to a hired\nservant (diakonos in Greek) - i.e. a butler or a maid. The King James\nVersion of the Bible (KJV) frequently referred to slaves by various\nambiguous terms, such as: bondmen, servants, maids, handmaid,\nmanservant, maidservant, etc. For example, consider Exodus 21:2 which is\npart of the Laws of Moses: 21st Century King James Version \u0026ldquo;If thou buy\na Hebrew servantā€¦\u0026ldquo;King James Version \u0026ldquo;If thou buy a Hebrew servant ā€¦\u0026rdquo;\nLiving Bible: \u0026ldquo;If you buy a Hebrew slaveā€¦\u0026ldquo;Modern Language \u0026ldquo;When you buy\na Hebrew slaveā€¦**New International Version: \u0026ldquo;If you buy a Hebrew\nservantā€¦\u0026rdquo; New Living Translation: \u0026ldquo;If you buy a Hebrew slaveā€¦\u0026rdquo; Revised\nStandard Version \u0026ldquo;When you buy a Hebrew slaveā€¦\u0026rdquo; Genesis 9:25-27: \u0026ldquo;Cursed\nbe Canaan! The lowest of slaves will he be to his brothers. He also\nsaid, \u0026lsquo;Blessed be the Lord, the God of Shem! May Canaan be the slave of\nShem. May God extend the territory of Japheth; may Japeth live in the\ntents of Shem and may Canaan be his slave.\u0026rsquo; This text was frequently\nused by Christians to justify negro slavery. \u0026ldquo;The Ten Commandments:\nRabbi M.J. Raphall (circa 1861) commented that the 10th commandment\nplaces slaves \u0026ldquo;under the same protection as any other species of lawful\npropertyā€¦That the Ten Commandments are the word of G-d, and as such, of\nthe very highest authority, is acknowledged by Christians as well as by\nJewsā€¦How dare you, in the face of the sanction and protection afforded\nto slave property in the Ten Commandmentsā€“how dare you denounce\nslaveholding as a sin? When you remember that Abraham, Isaac, Jacob,\nJobā€“the men with whom the Almighty conversed, with whose names he\nemphatically connects his own most holy name, and to whom He vouchsafed\nto give the character of \u0026lsquo;perfect, upright, fearing G-d and eschewing\nevil\u0026rsquo; (Job 1:8)ā€“that all these men were slaveholders, does it not strike\nyou that you are guilty of something very little short of\nblasphemy?\u0026ldquo;Exodus 20:17 \u0026ldquo;Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor\u0026rsquo;s house, thou\nshalt not covet thy neighbor\u0026rsquo;s wife, nor his manservant, nor his\nmaidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy\nneighbor\u0026rsquo;s.\u0026rdquo; Deuteronomy 5:21 \u0026ldquo;Neither shalt thou desire thy neighbor\u0026rsquo;s\nwife, neither shalt thou covet thy neighbor\u0026rsquo;s house, his field, or his\nmanservant, or his maidservant, his ox, or his ass, or any thing that is\nthy neighbor\u0026rsquo;s.Beating and Killing Slaves: Although an owner could beat\na male or female slave, she/he would have to avoid serious injury to\neyes or teeth. The owner would have to avoid beating the slave to death.\nBut it was acceptable to beat a slave so that he/she was mortally\ninjured and died a day or so later: Exodus 21:20-21 \u0026ldquo;And if a man smite\nhis servant, or his maid, with a rod, and he die under his hand; he\nshall be surely punished. Notwithstanding, if he continue a day or two,\nhe shall not be punished: for he is his money [property].\u0026rdquo;\nEmancipation of Slaves: Slaves in ancient Israel were automatically\nemancipated after 6 years of slavery, but only if they were Jewish.\u0026rdquo;\n\u0026ldquo;ā€¦Foreign slaves were out of luck.\u0026rdquo; (see Exodus 21:1-4, Deuteronomy\n15:12-18, Leviticus 25:44-46: \u0026ldquo;Your male and female slaves are to come\nfrom the nations around you; from them you may buy slaves. You may also\nbuy some of the temporary residents living among you and members of\ntheir clans born in your country, and they will become your property.\nYou can will them to your children as inherited property and can make\nthem slaves for life, but you must not rule over your fellow Israelites\nruthlessly.\u0026rdquo; (NIV)\u0026ldquo;Neither Jesus nor St. Paul, nor any other Biblical\nfigure is recorded as saying anything in opposition to the institution\nof slavery. Slavery was very much a part of life in Palestine and in the\nrest of the Roman Empire during New Testament times.Quoting Rabbi M.J.\nRaphall, circa 1861, \u0026ldquo;Receiving slavery as one of the conditions of\nsociety, the New Testament nowhere interferes with or contradicts the\nslave code of Moses; it even preserves a letter [to Philemon] written\nby one of the most eminent Christian teachers [St. Paul] to a slave\nowner on sending back to him his runaway slave.\u0026rdquo; 3 * Rabbi M.J.\nRaphall, \u0026ldquo;The Bible View of Slavery,\u0026rdquo; delivered in New York City, 1861.\n\u0026ldquo;Priests still owned slaves: Mark 14:66: \u0026ldquo;And as Peter was beneath in\nthe palace, there cometh one of the maids of the high priest:\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;One of\nthe favorite passages of slave-owning Christians was St. Paul\u0026rsquo;s infamous\ninstruction that slaves to obey their owners in the same way that they\nobey Christ: Ephesians 6:5-9: \u0026ldquo;Servants, be obedient to them that are\nyour masters according to the flesh, with fear and trembling, in\nsingleness of your heart, as unto Christ; Not with eyeservice, as\nmenpleasers; but as the servants of Christ, doing the will of God from\nthe heart; With good will doing service, as to the Lord, and not to men:\nKnowing that whatsoever good thing any man doeth, the same shall he\nreceive of the Lord, whether he be bond or free. And, ye masters, do the\nsame things unto them, forbearing threatening: knowing that your Master\nalso is in heaven; neither is there respect of persons with him.\u0026rdquo; (from\n* 1 Timothy 6:1-3 \u0026ldquo;Let as many servants as are under the yoke count\ntheir own masters worthy of all honor, that the name of God and his\ndoctrine be not blasphemed. And they that have believing masters, let\nthem not despise them, because they are brethren; but rather do them\nservice, because they are faithful and beloved, partakers of the\nbenefit. These things teach and exhort. If any man teach otherwise, and\nconsent not to wholesome words, even the words of our Lord Jesus Christ,\nand to the doctrine which is according to godliness;\u0026rdquo; Others who believe\nthe Bible supported human slavery: \u0026ldquo;[Slavery] was established by\ndecree of Almighty Godā€¦it is sanctioned in the Bible, in both\nTestaments, from Genesis to Revelationā€¦it has existed in all ages, has\nbeen found among the people of the highest civilization, and in nations\nof the highest proficiency in the arts.\u0026rdquo; Jefferson Davis, President of\nthe Confederate States of America 1,(* Dunbar Rowland quoting Jefferson\nDavis, in \u0026ldquo;Jefferson Davis,\u0026rdquo; Volume 1, Page 286 * Jefferson Davis,\n\u0026ldquo;Inaugural Address as Provisional President of the Confederacy,\u0026rdquo;\nMontgomery, AL, 1861-FEB-18, Confederate States of America,\nCongressional Journal, 1:64-66.) \u0026ldquo;There is not one verse in the Bible\ninhibiting slavery, but many regulating it. It is not then, we conclude,\nimmoral.\u0026rdquo; Rev. Alexander Campbell \u0026ldquo;The right of holding slaves is\nclearly established in the Holy Scriptures, both by precept and\nexample.\u0026rdquo; Rev. R. Furman, D.D., Baptist, of South Carolina \u0026ldquo;The hope of\ncivilization itself hangs on the defeat of Negro suffrage.\u0026rdquo; A statement\nby a prominent 19th-century southern Presbyterian pastor, cited by Rev.\nJack Rogers, moderator of the Presbyterian Church (USA). \u0026ldquo;The doom of\nHam has been branded on the form and features of his African\ndescendants. The hand of fate has united his color and destiny. Man\ncannot separate what God hath joined.\u0026rdquo; United States Senator James Henry\nHammond. 5(*William Lee Miller, \u0026ldquo;Arguing About Slavery: The Great\nBattle in the United States Congress.\u0026rdquo; Alfred A. Knopf, (1996), Page\n139.)(text references from \u003ca href=\"http://www.religioustolerance.org/sla_bibl.htm\"\u003eSlavery in the\nBible\u003c/a\u003e) And unless you\nthink Human slavery is justified: \u0026ldquo;It is hard to believe but it seems\nthat the Roman Catholics think it quite in keeping with the teachings of\ntheir church to obtain slaves even in this era of 1970s. In August 1970\nthe world was shocked to hear that the Roman Catholics had purchased, at\nthe price ranging from 250 pounds to 300 pounds each, about 1500 Indian\ngirls to shut them into convents because European girls do not like to\nlive as nuns. There was so much outcry in the world press that the\nVatican had to establish a commission to enquire into this affair. But\neven before the commission started its enquire, a Vatican spokesman had\nto admit that there was an \u0026ldquo;element of truth\u0026rdquo; in the reports, though he\ndutifully condemned the Sunday Times for its sensation-mongering.Sunday\nTimes (London) as quoted in East African Standard (Nairobi), August 25,\n1970. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.al-islam.org/slavery-islamic-and-christian-perspectives-sayyid-saeed-akhtar-rizvi/churches-participate-slave\"\u003eChurches Participate in\nSlave-Trade\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"11-species-unity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e11 Species Unity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#11-species-unity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"111-instead-of-worrying-about-animalsworry-about-homeless-people-or-war-orphans\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e11.1 Instead of worrying about animalsā€“worry about homeless people or war orphans. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#111-instead-of-worrying-about-animalsworry-about-homeless-people-or-war-orphans\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Must one be so narrow minded that he can worry about one at the\nexclusion of the other?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Okay since you believe that compassion follows a hierarchy, tell me\nthis. Which is more important, women\u0026rsquo;s rights or worker\u0026rsquo;s rights? Child\nabuse or sexual abuse? What about racial injustice vs. poverty?\nReligious discrimination vs. age discrimination? When you have the list\nin orderā€“get back to me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Who says compassion is in a finite amount? I can be compassionate\ntowards both humans and nonhumans without it running out. I guess you\nare more limited in your compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"112-if-you-saw-a-burning-barnsealed-carboat-filled-with-humans-and-insert-nonhuman-animal-who-would-you-save\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e11.2 If you saw a burning barn/sealed car/boat filled with humans and (insert nonhuman animal), who would you save?\u0026rdquo; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#112-if-you-saw-a-burning-barnsealed-carboat-filled-with-humans-and-insert-nonhuman-animal-who-would-you-save\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) The intention here is to force the animal activist to admit that\nthere is a situation where he/she would choose the life of a human over\na nonhuman, thus validating the animal research position. The trouble\nhere is that even if the activist chooses to save the life of a human\nover a nonhuman, it does not then mean that the activist is endorsing\nfactory farming or the vivisection industry or making any policy\ndecision. [Editor: Also, this sort of attempt is a logical fallacy\nknown as \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/ycc/fallacies/list.html#sec-30\"\u003eFalse\nDichotomy\u003c/a\u003e.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Rephrasing the scenario, what if the burning barn is filled with\nhumans ā€¦ half are white and half are black. If you are whiteā€”who do you\nsave?\u0026rdquo; The animal research proponent does not intend that the burning\nbarn scenario be considered in this wayā€“but it must be for consistency.\nThe original scenario attempts to prompt the activist into deciding\nbetween \u0026ldquo;us (humans) or them (nonhumans).\u0026rdquo; If the research proponent\nobjects to the notion that one may choose between \u0026ldquo;us or them\u0026rdquo; based on\nethnic or gender, or some other criteria, then he/she must first show\nhow discrimination based on species is justified, before such an\nargument could even begin to be considered valid for the animal research\nissue. NOTE: An animal research proponent might counter that it is in\nthe best practical interest of human beings to have respect and care for\neach other (Golden rule) but this would not be a necessity or a moral\nobligation. If someone could benefit from exploiting other humans(as we\nfind in the real world all the time) then this argument would be\ninvalidated. Why shouldnā€™t someone exploit others if they can benefit\nfrom it? This is what the animal research proponent must address .\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"113-ethics-are-irrelevant\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e11.3 Ethics are irrelevant. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#113-ethics-are-irrelevant\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpeciesism is not the same as racism. We have a biological drive like\nall species to stick together and protect our own. Humans have a natural\nbiological drive to preserve their species over others. Humans are\nnaturally meant to stick together. (Note: also known as the Tenacious\nmoral instinct argument).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Humans have enslaved and discriminated against each other based on\nrace, religion, gender, age, intelligence, and appearance for 1000s of\nyears. The ideal of universal human rights is itself a new concept.\nDespite our laws we still have discrimination and exploitation of humans\nfor a myriad of reasons. One doesnā€™t lock their doors at night to keep\nout pit bulls.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Attempting to assert that other species are also speciesists is\nflawed, since lions and grizzlies have been known to kill the offspring\nof a rival male, chimpanzee groups will war against other chimpanzee\ngroups, etc and some members of one species have been known to adopt\nmembers of another species, both domestically and in the wild. Humans\nhave been found living in wolf dens, piglets adopted by dogs, etc. There\nare cases of humans risking their lives to save nonhumans and vice\nversa. Wouldn\u0026rsquo;t this be impossible is tenacious moral instinct(a\nbiological drive) were so?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Citing some unsubstantiated \u0026ldquo;law\u0026rdquo; of the Natural world cannot defend\nthe argument that humans are meant to \u0026ldquo;stick together\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) The very fact that the concept of animal rights is accepted by some\nshows that there is no overriding biological drive in humans to \u0026ldquo;stick\ntogether\u0026rdquo; or avoid compassion for members of other species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) If you truly believe in species unity, and think it is applicable to\nhumans, go walk through a notorious crime alley with $5000 in your hand\nand see how that \u0026ldquo;unity\u0026rdquo; holds up brother.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) The species unity myth is also used to make a jump from desperate\nemotional choice to ethical policy. If a human chooses to save a life of\na human over a nonhuman in some life and death situation( a river, a\nbarn fire, a locked car/boat with no food etc), the argument is made\nthat it is therefore logical to exploit nonhumans in factory farms, in\nlaboratories etc. But if one were to apply this to a human vs human\nscenarioā€“(white vs black, Christian vs non Christian, family member vs\nstranger) and you choose that which you regard as most familiar or\nvaluableā€“then the same consequences are applicable. Will you then\nexploit the loser en masse? Of course not. So why would you do it to\nnonhumans?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"12-survival-of-the-fittest\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e12 Survival of the Fittest \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#12-survival-of-the-fittest\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"121-nature-is-cruel\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e12.1 Nature is cruel. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#121-nature-is-cruel\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCats will play with their foodā€“so we should be cruel too. It\u0026rsquo;s survival\nof the fittest. Compassion is not natural, and other species are\nmotivated by self interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) \u0026ldquo;Survival of the fittest\u0026rdquo; would allow one to exploit and enslave\nother humans . You acknowledge that one animal will prey on another, but\nyou ignore that they can also prey on members of their own speciesā€“in\nwhich case, by using this moral standard and policy, humans preying on\nother humans would be justified too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) A domestic cat is fed, and has no predators. A wild cat has to be on\nguard for competitors. Not catching prey means not eating. The time for\nplaying with their food would be greatly diminished. More importantly,\nthere is no evidence that a cat is aware of the mouse\u0026rsquo;s suffering and\ntakes pleasure from that fact-like humans have been known to do. There\nare hunters who enjoy killing animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Speciesists who use this attack contradict themselves, for while\nthey say that species have a natural tendency to stick together, they\nwill also allege that itā€™s a \u0026ldquo;dog eat dog\u0026rdquo; world, compassion is not\nnatural, and other species are motivated by self interest! In fact,\nother species have been known to exhibit altruism. Bats will lend food\nto other bats, ducks have been known to feign injury to lure a predator\naway from the flock. There are instances of domestic animals \u0026ldquo;adopting\u0026rdquo;\nthe offspring of other species, and dogs rescuing humans. Feral children\nfound living with wolves in the wild etc. And conversely, there are\ninstances where humans have risked their own lives to help a member of\nanother species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) The very fact that the concept of animal rights is accepted by some\nshows that there is no overriding biological drive in humans to \u0026ldquo;stick\ntogether\u0026rdquo; or avoid compassion for members of other species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) There was an experiment conducted where monkeys were starved unless\nthey pressed a button that would release foodā€“AND torture a monkey wired\nto shock devices. It was found that the monkeys preferred to endure\nstarvation rather than inflict pain on anotherā€“the exact opposite\nresponse anticipated by the scientists. Yet a similar experiment\ninvolving humans where neither subjects were truly being tortured(unlike\nthe monkeys) found that most of the humans were willing to see another\nhuman suffer, just to avoid displeasing the individual giving them the\norders.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"13-trapping\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e13 Trapping \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#13-trapping\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"131-leghold-traps-are-painless-and-humane\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e13.1 Leghold traps are painless and humane. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#131-leghold-traps-are-painless-and-humane\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResponse: a) if you think they are then try slamming your car door on\nyour fingers, and stay there for a week.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"14-whale-slaughter\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e14 Whale slaughter \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#14-whale-slaughter\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"141-it-is-hypocritical-for-north-americans-\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e14.1 It is hypocritical for North Americans ā€¦ \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#141-it-is-hypocritical-for-north-americans-\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewith arable land to raise food to criticize a small country like Japan\nwhere it has to rely on the oceans for food.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Japan does not need to rely on the oceans for foodā€“and certainly not\nby resorting to fishing/whaling. It is not possible to feed the entire\npopulation of Japan through whale meatā€“as it stands it is expensive and\na luxury item.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) In order to justify whalingā€“the Japanese must be able to defend\nwhaling on its own meritsā€“not by using an ad hominem attack that\nattempts to find imperfections in the anti-whaling critic. If one wants\nto discuss the negatives of cattle ranching and meat eating in\ngeneralā€“whaling would still be condemned. So this is not a defense of\nwhaling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Japan raises cattle as wellā€“and imports beef from the US. Thusā€“the\nJapanese whalers are hypocritical condemning North Americans for doing\nsomething that they themselves doā€“except, the Japanese also hunt\nwhalesā€“they look doubly bad.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"142-eating-whale-meat-is-no-different-than-eating-cattle\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e14.2 Eating whale meat is no different than eating cattle. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#142-eating-whale-meat-is-no-different-than-eating-cattle\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) In some sense this is true, just as homicide is in some sense no\ndifferent from deer hunting, but how does that justify whaling? There\nare many good reasons to be against cattle ranchingā€“and these same\nreasons can be used against whaling, so where is the defense of whaling\nby citing this as a defense?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Except whales are about 10 times the size of a steer and there is no\nnatural predator for them beyond the microorganism scale. Humans must\nuse spears and exploding guns, no other species is as cruel and crude in\nits killing methods. If Japanese whalers were meant to eat whales, they\nshould be able to kill them with their bare hands and teeth like any\ntrue predator.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"143-minke-whales-are-the-cockroaches-of-the-sea\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e14.3 Minke whales are the cockroaches of the sea. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#143-minke-whales-are-the-cockroaches-of-the-sea\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf they are not controlled they will eat fish stocks.\u0026rdquo; Attributed to\nJapan ministry of Agriculture official Masayuki Komatsu.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Minke whales live in the ocean. As ocean dwellers they feed off the\noceans. Humans are land dwellers. Who has more logical and moral case to\nbe eating in their natural habitat? It is humans that are depleting fish\nand it is humans that are the true pests. I won\u0026rsquo;t call them cockroaches\nbecause that would insult a species that is far more successful and\nrestrained in its behavior than humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"144-you-say-that-nature-is-neither-cruel-nor-merciful-that-it-just-is\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e14.4 You say that nature is neither cruel nor merciful that it just is. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#144-you-say-that-nature-is-neither-cruel-nor-merciful-that-it-just-is\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince humans are part of nature, it cannot be said that they are\nmerciful or cruel. They are the way they are. whether or not we protect\nanimals or hurt them, we are acting perfectly within our nature.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Since humans have concepts of mercy and cruelty, they certainly can\nmake judgments about their behavior using these standards of conduct(and\ndo so all the time). This is how we form civil relations, laws etc.\nWhere the problem arises is when a claim is made that suggests that\nnature itself can be proven to be one or the other as some absolute\ncertainty. That\u0026rsquo;s tricky territory.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) If you took this from the Q and A section page: \u0026ldquo;Nature cannot be\nproven to be cruel or compassionate, it just is. Anything else is a\nprojection of human beliefs and sentiments onto a non-human subject.\nThere is no way to make an absolute verification of such beliefs. This\nis what follows it: \u0026ldquo;But, for the sake of argument, let us say that\nNature is inherently cruel. Then why should humans care any more about\nhuman rights than they do about nonhuman rights? There are dictators\naround the world that have lived very comfortable lives while they\ntortured and killed other humans. According to the argument of the human\nsupremacist, they are just living according to Nature. Humans have\nraped, murdered, enslaved and stolen from each other for thousands of\nyears. It is still true today. These acts would seem to be permissible\naccording to Natureā€“why then should we try to stop them? If you try to\nargue \u0026ldquo;well, because stopping them has mutual benefit for all humans,\u0026rdquo;\nthe fact is that some humansā€“those with powerā€“have done quite well\nwithout worrying about \u0026ldquo;all humans.\u0026rdquo; So \u0026ldquo;mutual benefit\u0026rdquo; is not proven.\nThe true harshness of Nature implied by this argument also applies to\nhuman situations. To deny this is to be either emotional (as animal\nactivists are often accused of being), or hypocritical.\u0026rdquo; So in other\nwords, yes, you can say humans are neither cruel nor mercifulā€“whether\nthey are dealing with nonhumans or humans. It makes no difference to the\nargument. Since human supremacy has not been proven, it allows one to\nuse this reasoning to let humans exploit nonhumans or humans as they see\nfit. This is unacceptable to the human supremacist, but his or her\nreasoning cannot close the loophole their own belief creates.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"15-wildlife-management\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e15 Wildlife Management \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#15-wildlife-management\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"151-if-i-wasnt-hunting-prairie-dogs-and-groundhogs-they-would-ruin-my-crops-and-my-cattle-would-step-in-their-holes-and-break-their-legs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e15.1 If I wasn\u0026rsquo;t hunting prairie dogs and groundhogs they would ruin my crops and my cattle would step in their holes and break their legs. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#151-if-i-wasnt-hunting-prairie-dogs-and-groundhogs-they-would-ruin-my-crops-and-my-cattle-would-step-in-their-holes-and-break-their-legs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) That is nonsense. Larry Rittenhouse of Colorado State University\nsays ā€œit would be almost impossible for a cow to break its leg in a\nprairie dog hole.ā€ He says ā€œI study these animals behavior and they are\nextremely adept at placing their feet. In my 50 years around cattle and\nhorses, I donā€™t know of a single incident where a horse or cow has been\ninjured in a prairie dog hole.ā€ Cattle seem to actually preferentially\ngraze on prairie dog towns. It has been found that thereā€™s a significant\nincrease in protein content in the plants growing on prairie dog towns\nand they are highly nutritious for the cattle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) many ranchers say that the only way to make farming profitable is to\nwork with the elements of the ecosystem, instead of against them. Itā€™s\njust not economically feasible to spend precious labor and money killing\nwildlife. If you start killing one animal, where does it end? We donā€™t\nknow what species you can eliminate and still keep the system healthy.\nContrary to folklore, prairie dogs do not breed like crazy. They donā€™t\nmate until their second year and only about half of those born each year\nsurvive. As you know, prairie dogs are herbivores and eat mostly native\ngrasses. Most ranchers have heard the ā€œfactā€ that prairie dogs diminish\ngrassland productivity by a whopping 50-75%, but no one is sure how the\nbiologist who made this claim came up with the numbers. Since then,\nstudies have been done that show if you get rid of prairie dogs, the\namount of forage that you gain is a puny 4-7%. It does impact the\nrancher in dollars and cents, but the cost of poisoning prairie dogs\noutweigh the gains made by eliminating the animals. If you still insist\non trying to ā€œcontrolā€ the prairie dog and groundhog populations, you\ncould at least do it in more ethically sound and natural ways such as\ngiving predators a boost by building poles for raptors and digging\ntrenches where foxes can hide.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Biologists call prairie dogs a keystone species. Lose the keystone\nand the whole ecosystem goes crumbling down with it. Species that rely\nsolely on prairie dogs include the endangered black-footed ferret, the\nmountain plover (a bird), the burrowing owl, and the ferruginous hawk\nwhich preys on them. If you change the natural disturbance regime that\nthe ā€œvarmintsā€ provide, you alter the ecosystem and you may start losing\nspecies (of animals and plants) because of it which in turn effects\nother things (like your crops). As for groundhogs, they actually improve\nthe soil quality by digging their burrows. The burrows allow more air\nand water to get underground, which in turn helps breakdown the soil to\nform more valuable topsoil.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) I have little sympathy for the livestock loss or damage because it\nwouldn\u0026rsquo;t happen if no one was eating the livestock. As for crops that go\nfor human consumption (which the majority donā€™t), if everyone consumed\non a veg diet, even a significant (which isnā€™t the case) loss of crops\nwould be acceptable economically because you are talking about so much\nless of a burden on our farm system. Any shortcomings could be made up\nby more farmers raising more produce for human consumption. And in any\ncase, If everyone has to deal with a problem, then the costs are passed\non to the consumer. In the end, the market bears the real cost of doing\nbusiness, and if everyone operated on the same ethical level and\naccepted crop losses via ā€œvarmintsā€ as a natural issue to deal with, we\ncould live in much better cooperation with our surrounding ecosystems\nand the natural world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e14.2 \u0026ldquo;If I wasn\u0026rsquo;t killing the bear and wolves and cougars they would\nkill my sheep and I would lose business or they would eat my children.\u0026rdquo;\na) You should not have sheep in the first place. If you must, keep them\nin a fenced area..\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) so instead of killing them, if you are so worried, why don\u0026rsquo;t you\nwork on helping protect their natural habitat so that they won\u0026rsquo;t need to\ninvade your property and kill your livestock. and after all, you are\nreally the one invading their territory.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) by killing the bear, wolves, and cougars you are tampering with a\nvery fragile thing ā€“the ecosystemā€“ which could very likely result in\nsome other problem like an overpopulation of rodents or something.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed)-only in a few isolated incidences in other countries have wolves\nbecome fearless and attacked; only become fearless as result of people\nfeeding them-India: parents were motivated to let wolves eat kids by\nextremely high compensation from government ā€¦ up to a yearā€™s salary.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) -Chain reaction: in one instance, when the wolves had been killed,\ncoyotes increased. When they were gone, foxes skyrocketed. Not only does\nthe method of removal prove ineffective, but according to the farmer,\nwolves should be better as they are much less likely to feed off of the\nfarmerā€™s livestock. -Farmers are compensated by govt for all losses\n(even though losses are extremely minimal)-WOLVES ARE ONLY RESPONSIBLE\nFOR .1% OF ALL LOSSES OF CATTLE, AND .3% OF SHEEP!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) It is your own fault that your sheep get killed. The same would be\ntrue if you had chickens. They are domesticatedā€“in the wild, predators\nwould not have an easy time picking them off. A farm is easy pickings\nfor a wild animal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"152-what-about-animals-that-are-introduced-by-humans-\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e15.2 What about animals that are introduced by humans ā€¦ \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#152-what-about-animals-that-are-introduced-by-humans-\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003einto an unnatural setting, like the broad-tail possum in New Zealand,\nwhich are overrunning the native species. Surely we have no choice but\nto kill them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) The possum are victims of human greed and stupidity(introduced into\nnew Zealand by fur farmers)ā€“humans just have to live with the\nconsequencesā€“and try not to cause more ecological disasters in the\nfuture.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Who appointed humans to be Nature\u0026rsquo;s exterminators?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) So by your logic, if a group of humans are overpopulating an area\nand driving out native species, it should be okay for some people to go\nin and massacre a large number or rather, thin the populations, for the\nbenefit of the native species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Well if you are so concerned about native species being wiped out by\nalien species, what are you doing to stop farmers from cutting down\nforests or companies polluting rivers? Are you prepared to use violence\nagainst them? Or do we make an exception for the number one polluter and\nnatural destroyer on the planet?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"153-humans-need-to-manage-nature-and-other-species\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e15.3 Humans need to manage Nature and other species. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#153-humans-need-to-manage-nature-and-other-species\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Total arrogance. Nature and other species do fine when humans aren\u0026rsquo;t\naround to mess things up for them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Oh you mean in the same way we \u0026ldquo;managed\u0026rdquo; forests, rivers, and the\natmosphere by polluting them? If you call that \u0026ldquo;managing,\u0026rdquo; I\u0026rsquo;d hate to\nsee what wanton destruction would look like.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Even small efforts can blow up such as the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilfred_Grenfell#Personal_life\"\u003eGrenfell reindeer\neffort\u003c/a\u003e:\nIn 1907, Grenfell imported a group of 300 reindeer from Norway to\nprovide food and serve as draft animals in Newfoundland. Unbeknownst to\nhim, some of the animals carried a parasitic roundworm, Elaphostrongylus\nrangiferi, that then spread to native caribou herds. The reindeer herd\neventually disappeared; however, the parasite took hold and causes\ncerebrospinal elaphostrongylosis (CSE) in caribou, a disease well known\nin reindeer in Scandinavia.[6]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Here are some examples of how well humans have managed Nature:\nWorld\u0026rsquo;s 100 most destructive species named (noteā€“the number one, human,\nis not mentioned funny enough):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1 Nile perch: introduced to Lake Victoria, Africa, in 1954 to\ncounteract the drastic drop in native fish stocks caused by\nover-fishing. Instead, it has contributed to the extinction of more\nthan 200 endemic fish species through predation and competition for\nfood.\u003cbr\u003e\n3 Caulerpa: introduced to the Mediterranean around 1984, it is\nthought, as waste from the Monaco aquarium. Hardier than most tropical\nseaweeds, it has adapted well to cold waters and smothers habitats.\u003cbr\u003e\n5 Small Indian mongoose: this voracious and opportunistic predator is\nnative to areas as widespread as Iran and the Malay Peninsula. It was\nintroduced to Mauritius, Fiji, the West Indies and Hawaii to control\nrats but has caused the local extinction of endemic birds, reptiles\nand amphibians.\u003cbr\u003e\n6 Feral pig: introduced to many parts of the world, it damages crops,\nstock and property and transmits many diseases such as leptospirosis\nand foot and mouth. Diet includes juvenile land tortoises, sea turtles\nand sea birds.\u003cbr\u003e\n7 Dutch elm disease: deadly fungus, spread by the elm bark beetle,\nwhich can kill an elm in three weeks by clogging its water-conducting\nvessels. Spread in the UK in 1968 from imported Canadian timber to\ndeadly effect, killing more than a third of southern England\u0026rsquo;s 23\nmillion elms.\u003cbr\u003e\n8 Grey squirrel: the American grey has devastated Britain\u0026rsquo;s native\npopulation of red squirrels, which are barely half the size. First\nappeared in the English countryside between 1876 and 1929, possibly\nafter having been accidentally released from London Zoo.\u003cbr\u003e\n9 Japanese knotweed: introduced from Asia to Europe in the mid-19th\ncentury as an ornamental and fodder plant. Grows rapidly, prevents\nnative seeds from germinating and thrives on being uprooted can even\nregrow after being rooted out and washed downstream.\u003cbr\u003e\n10 Giant African snail: introduced to the islands of the Pacific and\nIndian oceans as a food source for humans but has a voracious appetite\nand has been recorded as attacking more than 500 different kinds of\nplants. Has spread to parts of South America. Tropical in origin, but\ncopes comfortably with snow at other latitudes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"16-zoos\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e16 Zoos \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#16-zoos\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"161-why-shouldnt-we-go-the-circuszoo-\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e16.1 Why shouldn\u0026rsquo;t we go the circus/zoo? ā€¦ \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#161-why-shouldnt-we-go-the-circuszoo-\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAre not the animals treated better there than if they were living in the\nwild?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Well, first of all, who are we to be the all mighty ones to decide\nwhat to do with these animals lives? that would be like: aren\u0026rsquo;t children\nfrom 3rd world countries treated better when doing child labor, making\npurses for mere pennies, than when they are home with their families\nliving in destruction? or weren\u0026rsquo;t black slaves better off as slaves than\nfree because they had a means of making a living? ā€¦ and really, although\nthere are hunters and destruction of their natural habitats, I would\nthink freedom and all the enrichment that the environment can provide\nwould be a better life than being chained and forced to perform in\nstressful situations, constantly moved from place to place, and often\nbeing abused.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) By this logic we should take natives out of the dwindling jungles of\nSouth America and Borneo and put them in zoos so their lifestyle can be\npreserved. Surely they would be better off than if they had to struggle\nin the forests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Well, we humans are also staying in the house, but are we still 100%\nsafe?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"17-various\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17 Various \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#17-various\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"171-native-hunterswhalers-regard-the-animals-they-hunt-as-their-brothers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.1 Native hunters/whalers regard the animals they hunt as their brothers. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#171-native-hunterswhalers-regard-the-animals-they-hunt-as-their-brothers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Ah yes, I love you brother. That is why I am going to harpoon and\nclub you to death.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) The Makah whalers say the whales they slaughter are their \u0026ldquo;brothers\u0026rdquo;\nā€“ yet the Makah word for Grey whale translates as \u0026ldquo;devilfish\u0026rdquo; (since\ntheir \u0026ldquo;brothers\u0026rdquo; often defended themselves when attacked ā€“ apparently\nthat makes them evil). Quite the endearment to call your sibling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"172-its-necessary-to-make-a-qualitative-distinction-between-whaling-practices-those-whose-survival-is-completely-dependent-upon-it-and-those-for-whom-it-is-merely-a-career\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.2 It\u0026rsquo;s necessary to make a qualitative distinction between whaling practices: those whose survival is completely dependent upon it, and those for whom it is merely a career. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#172-its-necessary-to-make-a-qualitative-distinction-between-whaling-practices-those-whose-survival-is-completely-dependent-upon-it-and-those-for-whom-it-is-merely-a-career\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) While I would agree that commercial whaling is more ethically\nproblematic than Inuit whaling, the real issue is whether whaling itself\nis justified. Assuming that a community\u0026rsquo;s survival is \u0026ldquo;completely\u0026rdquo;\ndependent upon whaling, the real question becomes: does it need to be?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) If the \u0026ldquo;civilized\u0026rdquo; nations of the world, including the Inuit\nrepresentatives, can travel by 21st century technology to meet in Japan\nfor an IWC meeting then alternatives to whaling for survival do exist.\nThe apologists for whaling would have us believe that we can put a man\non the Moon, and design a computer that can play chess, but when it\ncomes to providing daily sustenance for all humans, only a harpoon can\naccomplish the taskā€”or in other words, that we must approach a 21st\ncentury problem with 1st century solutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) while I would agree that a man who mugs people and shoots them dead\nis not as nasty as another man who mugs people then douses them with\ngasoline and lets them burn to death, this qualitative distinction on my\npart does not mean I endorse the actions of either man. The distinction\nbecomes trivial in light of the greater issue: whether either man needs\nto engage in such behavior, and whether I should be assisting either of\nthem in committing such acts. People do not need to kill whales to\nsurvive. Other food sources can be (and should be) provided by the\npatron governments of the lands in which these First nations societies\nlive. And if they cannot, international agencies should.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"173-to-ask-first-nations-hunters-to-give-up-their-hunting-and-fishing-and-rely-on-international-food-aid-would-be-to-rob-them-of-their-independence\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.3 To ask First nations hunters to give up their hunting and fishing and rely on international food aid would be to rob them of their independence. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#173-to-ask-first-nations-hunters-to-give-up-their-hunting-and-fishing-and-rely-on-international-food-aid-would-be-to-rob-them-of-their-independence\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) No man is an island, and one cannot go back in time to 1000 CE. If\nthey are able to stomach the concept of using non Inuit technology for\nsome aspects of their lives (guns and ammunition for hunting, air travel\nto whaling summits etc), then why can they not stomach it for other\npossibilities? A fair and ethical treatment of others should trump\nlifestyle choices and traditionā€”if one wants to have a more consistent\nethical philosophy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) None of us are truly independent from our societies, or national\ngovernments. While I believe that people should have choices in how they\nlive their lives, the choices become a matter of ethics where the lives\nof others are involved. A man who wants independence cannot have his\ncake and eat it too. If he wants others to respect his right to\nindependence, he has to be fair and just in the implementation of that\nindependence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"174-since-the-end-of-the-seal-hunt-inuit-trappers-and-hunters-have-succumbed-to-bad-health-from-eating-junk-food-alcohol-abuse-poverty-even-suicide-helping-animals-hurt-first-nations-people\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.4 Since the end of the seal hunt Inuit trappers and hunters have succumbed to bad health from eating junk food, alcohol abuse, poverty, even suicide. Helping animals hurt First Nations people. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#174-since-the-end-of-the-seal-hunt-inuit-trappers-and-hunters-have-succumbed-to-bad-health-from-eating-junk-food-alcohol-abuse-poverty-even-suicide-helping-animals-hurt-first-nations-people\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Negro slave traders also suffered when the slave trade was stopped.\nDoes that mean that it was wrong to abolish the slave trade? If it is\nokay to put slave traders out of work to liberate others, then it is\nokay to do the same for seals or other species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Alcohol and junk food is bad for everyone. The answer is not\nreinstating the seal fur trade, but dealing with those problems among\nthe Inuit community. I suppose the government would much rather return\nto killing seals and making profits from fur, than adopting wholesome\nand compassionate methods for solving these problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) It is unfortunate that they have had bad timesā€“but it wasn\u0026rsquo;t as bad\nas a seal being orphaned or getting shot or his/her head bashed in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) If Inuit people cannot live normal happy lives without going out and\nkilling an animal then they really have problems. I suppose one would\nlike to believe the myth that it is some natural instinct for northern\nhuman societies to hunt, trap and fish. Yet polar bears and wolves and\nother species are born to survive by these methods-humans on the other\nhand, choose to live in harsh climates. They don\u0026rsquo;t have to. Seals,\nwolves, bearsā€”they are meant to live in the Arcticā€“but humans are not\nphysically equipped for it. Perhaps what the depressed Inuit hunter\nneeds is a change of sceneryā€“and coming to realize that there is more to\nlife than killing when one does not need to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) There was a time when seal hunters in the North did not have markets\nto sell their \u0026ldquo;wares.\u0026rdquo; Somehow they managed to live okay without an\ninternational fur trade. Is it the loss of a tradition that is the\nculprit for their woes or is it rather, the loss of money?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"175-native-trappers-and-hunters-etc-are-living-on-the-planet-the-way-we-are-supposed-to\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.5 Native trappers and hunters etc are living on the planet the way we are supposed to. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#175-native-trappers-and-hunters-etc-are-living-on-the-planet-the-way-we-are-supposed-to\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Hey! Can you lend me your copy of \u0026ldquo;HOW TO LIVE\u0026rdquo; by Supreme Deity? I\nwant to check the section on what to do with arrogant humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Ignoring your apparent claim of access to the divine scheme for\nhuman existence, some tribal societies had been known to sacrifice\nhumans and keep them as slaves(such as the Makah whaling tribe). Tribal\npeoples are humans tooā€“meaning they are just as capable of being cruel,\ngreedy or deceitful as any other ethnic division of the human species.\nBy your argument how do we know that butchering each other and other\nspecies is not the way we are supposed to liveā€“so why bother having\npolice to curb our violent tendencies? If it is wrong for Makah whalers\nto enslave and exploit other humans, than its wrong for Northern\ntrappers to enslave and exploit other animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Much of this idea has to do with the \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/ycc/fallacies/list.html#sec-17\"\u003eAppeal to Nature\nFallacy\u003c/a\u003e.\nFor some reason, some people think that living according to nature\n(whatever that might mean) is a good thing. An examination of that\nnotion, isn\u0026rsquo;t conclusive (see \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/prad/natural-equals-good/\"\u003eNature =\nGood?\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"176-there-are-more-enter-animal-species-in-the-wild-than-before-the-white-man-arrived\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.6 there are more (enter animal species) in the wild than before the white man arrived. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#176-there-are-more-enter-animal-species-in-the-wild-than-before-the-white-man-arrived\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Unless you have access to a time machine, that statement is a little\nhard to verify with Stats Canada in the year 1600.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"177-animals-that-we-trap-and-hunt-die-from-disease-and-starvation-in-the-wild\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.7 Animals that we trap and hunt die from disease and starvation in the wild. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#177-animals-that-we-trap-and-hunt-die-from-disease-and-starvation-in-the-wild\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Wow! Imagine that, things get sick and die! And here I thought\nNature worked like a Disney cartoon!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Humans also die from the same causesā€“do you suggest we hunt and trap\nthose poor unfortunates and turn them into coats (with fur designers and\nhunters getting the profits)?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) James Boswell, trying to refute the arguments of abolitionists,\nwrites in his Life of Johnson that, \u0026ldquo;To abolish a status which in all\nages GOD has sanctioned, and man has continued, would not only be\nrobbery to an innumerable class of our fellow-subjects; but it would be\nextreme cruelty to the African Savages, a portion of whom it saves from\nmassacre, or intolerable bondage in their own country, and introduces\ninto a much happier state of life; especially now when their passage to\nthe West Indies and their treatment there is humanely regulated. To\nabolish that trade would be to shut the gates of mercy on mankind.\u0026rdquo;\nBoswell, J., Life of Johnson (N.Y.: Modern Library Edition, 1965) p.\n365. (See \u003ca href=\"https://www.al-islam.org/slavery-islamic-and-christian-perspectives-sayyid-saeed-akhtar-rizvi/christians-organise-slave-trade\"\u003eChristians Organise\nSlave-Trade\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"178-a-northern-trapper-sees-himself-as-the-caretaker-of-the-land\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.8 A Northern trapper sees himself as the \u0026ldquo;caretaker of the land\u0026rdquo; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#178-a-northern-trapper-sees-himself-as-the-caretaker-of-the-land\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) How utterly arrogant. Nature does not need managing, humans do.\nOther species were taking care of themselves long before humans arrived\non the scene and they will get along just as well when humans go the way\nof the Dodo bird (exterminated I might add, by \u0026ldquo;caretaker\u0026rdquo; humans).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) And white slave traders saw themselves as caretakers for the\nnon-white non-christian racesā€“so should we then forgive anyone for\npracticing human slavery?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"179-northern-tribal-societies-like-the-inuit-are-as-well-adapted-to-their-indigenous-environment-as-the-polar-bears-or-seals-or-whales-that-share-it\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.9 Northern tribal societies like the Inuit are as well adapted to their \u0026ldquo;indigenous\u0026rdquo; environment, as the polar bears or seals or whales that share it. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#179-northern-tribal-societies-like-the-inuit-are-as-well-adapted-to-their-indigenous-environment-as-the-polar-bears-or-seals-or-whales-that-share-it\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) A naked polar bear, Arctic wolf, seal, or whale is born with all the\nequipment he or she needs to survive. But a human, even of Inuit\nextraction, would perish in mere minutes if left naked on the ice flows\nof his or her so-called native habitat. If an Inuit is naturally meant\nto hunt whales, as is frequently claimed by defenders of exploitation\nindustries that use First Nations communities for supplies or propaganda\n(i.e. whaling, sealing and trapping), then its factual validity can be\ntested by simply having one courageous Inuit hunter jump naked into the\nArctic sea and try to bite a whale to death with only his teeth and bare\nhands. The result is easily predicted. Because the Inuit need tools to\nsurvive, and those tools are now chiefly provided by outside communities\n(i.e. the government of Canada, Smith \u0026amp; Wesson), then it would be\nhypocritical to suggest that the best long term, ethical solution to\nFirst Nations subsistence needs cannot be based on more compassionate\naid from those very same communities, whether it be food aid or\nsubsidized relocation to climates more suited to human beings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) When they are born with fur and blubber and claws instead of having\nto take it from other Arctic natives, then I will believe that are\nindigenous to the climate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1710-they-cant-move-anywhere-else-the-arctic-is-their-home\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.10 They cant move anywhere else! The Arctic is their home! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1710-they-cant-move-anywhere-else-the-arctic-is-their-home\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) But not in the same way it is for seals, whales, bears or wolves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Why is it that of all the native inhabitants of the Arctic, only the\nInuit are not born with all the physical tools they need to survive?\nUntil they are born with a thick hide of blubber and fur from their\nbacks, I will say that a sub-zero temperature is not their natural\nenvironment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1711-the-trappers-use-all-the-scraps-of-the-animal-nothing-is-wasted\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.11 The trappers use all the scraps of the animal, nothing is wasted. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1711-the-trappers-use-all-the-scraps-of-the-animal-nothing-is-wasted\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Hitler also used all the scraps of his victims ā€“ is that a defense\nfor what he did?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1712-to-criticize-first-nations-peopleor-japanese-whalers-or-bali-turtle-hunters-for-hunting-and-fishing-and-trapping-and-whaling-is-just-cultural-imperialism-aka-identity-imperialism-racism-etc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.12 To criticize First Nations people(or Japanese Whalers or Bali turtle hunters) for hunting and fishing and trapping and whaling is just cultural imperialism (aka identity imperialism, racism etc.). \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1712-to-criticize-first-nations-peopleor-japanese-whalers-or-bali-turtle-hunters-for-hunting-and-fishing-and-trapping-and-whaling-is-just-cultural-imperialism-aka-identity-imperialism-racism-etc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou are trying to impose your beliefs on others.\u0026rdquo; [Editor: this is a\nform of the Moral relativism argument ā€“ which states that one cannot\njudge the actions of one culture (or person) by the ethical standards of\nanother.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) If one applied this moral relativistic belief consistently and\nfairly it would mean one could not condemn someone else for\ndiscrimination against other humans based upon their own cultural and\nethical beliefs. People who practice bride burning or honor killings or\nchild labor could say it is \u0026ldquo;cultural imperialism\u0026rdquo; for outsiders to\ncriticize their actions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Activities from spousal abuse to ritual murder to cannibalism have\nalso been defended by bogus claims of racism or \u0026ldquo;Imperialism,\u0026rdquo; and this\nhasn\u0026rsquo;t nullified the ethical arguments against these practices;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Other species can also be said to suffer under unjust,\ndiscriminatory treatment, and every human ethnic group, including First\nnation ones, are capable of being the oppressors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) We are talking about life, not a lifestyle. When the issue involves\nthe very real harm caused to others, ethical beliefs do apply, and it is\ncertainly within reason to make judgments based upon those beliefs.\nSince no human society on Earth lives in a vacuum, and all have at least\nsome connection to other cultures, and they all expect at least some\nmoral consideration from each other, the charge of discrimination may be\nleveled against any one of them. The only way an Inuit hunter or\nJapanese whaler (or Michigan deer hunter for that matter) could use\nmoral relativism as a defense, is if he holds no ethical belief (such as\nhis own right to life) that he expects should be honored by anyone else\n(whether Inuit or not). That possibility is very very remote.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) Actually the true cultural imperialism is when the Inuit or the\nJapanese or anyone else tries to impose their culture on whales or other\nanimals by killing them when they do not need to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) Ethical systems are like language systems. There are many different\nlanguages, but they all have common elements that can be used to allow\ninterpretation and communication between them (alphabets, rules of usage\netc). Systems of moral belief also have underlying common elements\n(social contracts, belief in the value of one\u0026rsquo;s life, respect for\nfamily, friendship etc.). It is these basic concepts to all moral belief\nsystems that are being used to cite unjust discriminatory behavior and\nconduct. Therefore, when one criticizes a culture for causing\nunnecessary harm to others (killing whales for food), it is not a matter\nof \u0026ldquo;judging one culture by the standards of another,\u0026rdquo; but using the\nbasic moral \u0026ldquo;vocabulary\u0026rdquo; common in all cultures to make a judgment that\nthe culture is not being consistent in its ethical philosophy if it says\nthe value of Inuit/Japanese/Bali/German etc) life as a group is superior\nto that of non-Inuit/Japanese/etc life, without proving the superiority\nas an objective truth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1713-do-you-eat-bread-nutritional-yeast-is-alive-you-are-killing-bacteria\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.13 Do you eat bread? Nutritional yeast is alive. You are killing bacteria. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1713-do-you-eat-bread-nutritional-yeast-is-alive-you-are-killing-bacteria\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Thanks! I will switch to flatbreads tomorrow, but regardless, it\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t excuse you from supporting meat eating, the fur industry, animal\nresearch etc etc. How does that justify you supporting the meat\nindustry, animal research, hunting etc? By your logic, any act of\nkilling, necessary or not(right down to the microscopic level), negates\nany effort to to curb it. Therefore, since we cannot avoid killing\nmicrobes just by the act of living, we shouldn\u0026rsquo;t worry about muggings,\nmurders, wars etc. If you say yes we can worry about them, then we can\nalso worry about meat eating, hunting, and any other practice it is\npossible to stop.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Just because I am trying to live more ethically does not mean that I\nam perfect. One cannot avoid all killing in life. That is not to say\nthat animal rights and veg*anism are pointless. If I accidentally kill\na bug by stepping on it, that does not mean that I should give up the\nwhole compassionate living thing altogether. Everyone should just do as\nmuch as they can manage to aspire towards a moral life. Eating meat,\nbuying products tested on animals, etc, these are things that can be\neasily avoided and are direct links to mass cruelty.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) I think I killed about a million microbes just from gasping at the\nstupidity of your argument. Man, I am worse than Hitler.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Yeast isn\u0026rsquo;t a sentient lifeform, unless you worry about bacteria. So\nI take it you don\u0026rsquo;t bath because you don\u0026rsquo;t want to kill millions of\nthem?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1714-if-we-dont-consider-ourselves-better-than-animals-we-will-treat-each-other-terribly\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.14 If we don\u0026rsquo;t consider ourselves better than animals we will treat each other terribly. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1714-if-we-dont-consider-ourselves-better-than-animals-we-will-treat-each-other-terribly\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) So does that mean that if whites consider themselves superior to\nblacks then they would naturally treat whites better?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Tell that to Stalin and Hitler.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) ANIMAL VICTIMS / HUMAN VICTIMS: REPORTS FROM POLICE CASE FILES\n\u003cstrong\u003eRussell Weston Jr.\u003c/strong\u003e, tortured and killed 12 cats: burned and cut off\ntheir tails, paws, ears; poured toxic chemicals in their eyes to blind\nthem; forced them to ingest poison, hung them from trees (the noose\nloose enough to create a slow and painful death.) Later killed 2\nofficers at the U.S. Capitol in Washington, DC. \u003cstrong\u003eJeffery Dahmer\u003c/strong\u003e\nstaked cats to trees and decapitated dogs. Later he dissected boys, and\nkept their body parts in the refrigerator. Murdered 17 men. \u003cstrong\u003eKip\nKinkle\u003c/strong\u003e shot 25 classmates and killed several in Springfield, Oregon.\nHe killed his father and mother. Said he blew up a cow once. Set a live\ncat on fire and dragged the innocent creature through the main street of\ntown. Classmates rated him as \u0026ldquo;Most Likely to Start World War 3.\u0026rdquo; As a\nboy, \u003cstrong\u003eAlbert De Salvo\u003c/strong\u003e, the \u0026ldquo;Boston Strangler,\u0026rdquo; placed a dog and cat\nin a crate with a partition between them. After starving the animals for\ndays, he removed the partition to watch them kill each other. He raped\nand killed 13 women by strangulation. He often posed bodies in a\nshocking manner after their murders. \u003cstrong\u003eRichard Allen Davis\u003c/strong\u003e set\nnumerous cats on fire. He killed all of Polly Klaus\u0026rsquo; animals before\nabducting and murdering Polly Klaus, aged 12, from her bedroom.\n11-year-old \u003cstrong\u003eAndrew Golden\u003c/strong\u003e and 13-year-old \u003cstrong\u003eMitchell Johnson\u003c/strong\u003e\ntortured and killed dogs. On March 24, 1998, in Jonesboro, Arkansas,\nGolden and Johnson shot and killed 4 students and 1 teacher during a\nfire drill at their school. After 16-year-old \u003cstrong\u003eLuke Woodham\u003c/strong\u003e mortally\nstabbed his mother, killed 2 classmates and shot 7 others, he confessed\nto bludgeoning his dog Sparkle with baseball bats and pouring liquid\nfuel down her throat and to set fire to her neck. \u0026ldquo;I made my first kill\ntoday,\u0026rdquo; he wrote in his court-subpoenaed journal. \u0026ldquo;It was a loved one ā€¦\nI\u0026rsquo;ll never forget the howl she made. It sounded almost human.\u0026rdquo; In June\n1998, Woodham was found guilty of 3 murders and 7 counts of aggravated\nassault. He was sentenced to 3 life sentences and an additional 20 years\nfor each assault. \u003cstrong\u003eheodore Robert Bundy\u003c/strong\u003e, executed in 1989 for at\nleast 50 murders, was forced to witness a grandfather who tortured\nanimals. Bundy later heaped graves with animal bones. At 4-years-old,\n\u003cstrong\u003eichael Cartier\u003c/strong\u003e dislocated the legs of rabbits and hurled a kitten\nthrough a closed window. He later shot Kristin Lardner 3 times in the\nhead, before shooting himself. \u003cstrong\u003eHenry Lee Lucas\u003c/strong\u003e killed numerous\nanimals and had sex with their corpses. He killed his mother, common law\nwife, and an unknown number of people. \u003cstrong\u003eEdward Kemperer\u003c/strong\u003e cut up 2\ncats. He later killed his grandparents, mother and 7 other women.\n\u003cstrong\u003eRichard Speck\u003c/strong\u003e threw a bird into a ventilator fan. Killed 8 women.\n\u003cstrong\u003eRandy Roth\u003c/strong\u003e taped a cat to a car\u0026rsquo;s engine and used an industrial\nsander on a frog. Killed 2 of his wives and attempted to kill a third.\n\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Richard Davis\u003c/strong\u003e shot and killed 2 healthy ponies, threw a wine\nbottle at a pair of kittens and hunted with illegal methods. Murdered\nhis wife, Shannon Mohr Davis, for insurance money. \u003cstrong\u003ePeter Kurten\u003c/strong\u003e, the\nDusseldorf Monster, tortured dogs, and practiced bestiality while\nkilling animals. Murdered or attempted to murder over 50 men, women and\nchildren. \u003cstrong\u003eRichard Trenton Chase\u003c/strong\u003e, \u0026ldquo;The Vampire Killer of Sacramento,\u0026rdquo;\nbit the heads off birds, drained animals for their blood, killed animals\nfor their organs, and later killed 6 people in random attacks. One\npolice officer present at the scene of the first murder, confessed to\nhaving nightmares about the crime for months afterwards. The \u003cstrong\u003eKobe\nKiller\u003c/strong\u003e, an as yet unnamed 15-year-old boy in Japan, beheaded a cat and\nstrangled several pigeons, decapitated 11-year-old Jun Hase, and\nbattered to death a 10-year-old girl with a hammer, and assaulted 3\nother children in separate attacks. \u003cstrong\u003eRichard William Leonard\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026rsquo;s\ngrandmother forced him to kill and mutilate cats and kittens when he was\na child. He later killed Stephen Dempsey with a bow and arrow. He also\nkilled Ezzedine Bahmad by slashing his throat. \u003cstrong\u003eTom Dillion\u003c/strong\u003e murdered\npeople\u0026rsquo;s pets. He shot and killed Jamie Paxton, aged 21; Claude Hawkins,\naged 49; Donald Welling, aged 35; Kevin Loring, aged 30; and Gary\nBradely, aged 44. \u003cstrong\u003eDavid Berkowitz\u003c/strong\u003e, \u0026ldquo;Son of Sam,\u0026rdquo; poisoned his\nmother\u0026rsquo;s parakeet out of jealousy. He later shot 13 young men and women.\n6 people died and at least 2 suffered permanent disabilities. \u003cstrong\u003eArthur\nShawcross\u003c/strong\u003e repeatedly threw a kitten into a lake until the kitten\ndrowned from exhaustion. Killed a young girl. After serving 15-1/2 years\nin prison, he killed 11 more women. \u003cstrong\u003eJason Massey\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026rsquo;s killing resume\nbegan with cats and dogs; at 20 he decapitated and disemboweled a\n13-year-old girl and fatally shot a 14-year old boy. He claims to have\nkilled 37 cats, 29 dogs and 6 cows. \u003cstrong\u003ePatrick Sherrill\u003c/strong\u003e stole\nneighborhood pets, tethered them with baling wire and encouraged his dog\nto mutilate them. He killed 14 co-workers and himself in 1986. \u003cstrong\u003eKeith\nHunter Jesperson\u003c/strong\u003e, \u0026ldquo;Happy Face Killer,\u0026rdquo; bashed gopher heads and beat,\nstrangled and shot stray cats and dogs. He is known to have strangled 8\nwomen. He said: \u0026ldquo;You\u0026rsquo;re actually squeezing the life out of these animals\nā€¦ Choking a human being or a cat ā€“ it\u0026rsquo;s the same feeling ā€¦ I\u0026rsquo;m the very\nend result of what happens when somebody kills an animal at an early\nage.\u0026rdquo; \u003cstrong\u003eCarroll Edward Cole\u003c/strong\u003e, executed in 1985 for an alleged 35\nmurders and reputed to be one of the most prolific serial killers in\nU.S. history, confessed that his first act of violence was to strangle a\npuppy under the porch of his house. \u003cstrong\u003eMichael Perry\u003c/strong\u003e decapitated a\nneighbor\u0026rsquo;s dog. Later killed his parents, infant nephew and 2 neighbors.\n\u003cstrong\u003eRobert Alton Harris\u003c/strong\u003e murdered two 16-year-old boys, doused a neighbor\nwith lighter fluid and tossed matches at him. His initial run-in with\npolice was for killing neighborhood cats. At 9-years-old, \u003cstrong\u003eEric Smith\u003c/strong\u003e\nstrangled a neighbor\u0026rsquo;s cat. At 13, he bludgeoned 4-year-old Derrick\nRobie to death. Smith lured the little boy into the woods, choked him,\nsodomized him with a stick, then beat him to death with a rock\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1715-wasnt-hitler-a-vegetarian\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.15 Wasn\u0026rsquo;t Hitler a vegetarian? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1715-wasnt-hitler-a-vegetarian\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) And Al Capone started the first soup kitchens in Chicago. I guess\nanyone who supports helping the homeless is a gangster?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) The testimony of Hitler\u0026rsquo;s personal cook in Hamburg during the late\n1930s - Dione Lucas. In her \u0026ldquo;Gourmet Cooking School Cookbook,\u0026rdquo; she\nrecords that his favorite dish - the one that he customarily requested -\nwas stuffed squab (pigeon). \u0026ldquo;I do not mean to spoil your appetite for\nstuffed squab, but you might be interested to know that it was a great\nfavorite with Mr. Hitler, who dined in the hotel often.\u0026rdquo; (Also see:\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.ivu.org/history/europe20a/hitler.html\"\u003eivu-hitler\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://michaelbluejay.com/veg/hitler.html\"\u003eHitler\nwas not a vegetarian\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) So was Gandhi ā€“ does that make him a war monger and mass murderer?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) They say Osama Bin Laden liked hunting. So did Timothy McVeigh. So\nby your logic, every hunter is a terrorist!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) \u0026ldquo;Otto D. Tolischus in 1937 in The New York Times pointed out that\nthe FĆ¼hrer was a vegetarian who \u0026lsquo;does not drink or smoke\u0026rsquo; but who also\n\u0026lsquo;occasionally relishes a slice of ham\u0026rsquo; along with delicacies such as\ncaviar and chocolates.\u0026rdquo; (Ibid.) Robert Proctor calls Hitler a vegetarian\n\u0026ldquo;of sorts\u0026rdquo; (The Nazi War on Cancer, p. 134) and is content to state that\nHitler was a vegetarian who \u0026ldquo;occasionally would allow himself a dish of\nmeat,\u0026rdquo; (p. 135) and quotes The New York Times as stating that in\naddition to ham and caviar Hitler also occasionally ate squab.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef)His cook, an enormously fat man named Willy Kannenberg, produced\nexquisite meals and acted as court jester. Although Hitler had no\nfondness for meat except in the form of sausages and never ate fish, he\nenjoyed caviar. (The Life and Death of Adolph Hitler Praeger, 1973 p.\n346)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eg) Hitler\u0026rsquo;s reputation for being a vegetarian seems to consist solely\nof his not having eaten red meat. The effort to describe Hitler\u0026rsquo;s eating\nhabits as vegetarian requires changing the definition of \u0026ldquo;vegetarian\u0026rdquo; to\nexclude liver, ham, and sausages from the list of meats, and changing\nthe definition of \u0026ldquo;animal\u0026rdquo; to exclude pigs. Hitler did exhibit a\nsympathy with a vegetarian diet, but paradoxically, vegetarians and the\nvegetarian movement in Nazi Germany were persecuted. Vegetarian\nsocieties were restrained, subject to raids, and \u0026ldquo;books that contained\nvegetarian recipes were confiscated by the Gestapo.\u0026rdquo; Janet Barkas has a\ngood account of this period in German history in her book, The Vegetable\nPassion. German vegetarian societies were forced to leave the\nInternational Vegetarian Union; they were prohibited from organizing and\nfrom publishing material, but individuals were not molested and \u0026ldquo;could\nexchange their credit notes for meat for dairy products. About 83,000\nvegetarians participated in this program.\u0026rdquo; (See\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.all-creatures.org/mfz/myths-hitler-rk.html\"\u003eAll-Creatures\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eh) Hitler and Animals. Like many of his fellow human beings, Adolf\nHitler used animal epithets to vilify other people. He often called his\nopponents \u0026ldquo;swine\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;dirty dogs.\u0026rdquo; The Bolsheviks were \u0026ldquo;animals,\u0026rdquo; and\nthe Russians a \u0026ldquo;bestial people\u0026rdquo; and Slavic \u0026ldquo;rabbit-family\u0026rdquo; whom Stalin\nhad molded into a totalitarian state. After Hitler conquered Russia, he\nwanted \u0026ldquo;the ridiculous hundred million Slavs\u0026rdquo; to live in \u0026ldquo;pig-pens.\u0026rdquo; He\ncalled British diplomats \u0026ldquo;little worms,\u0026rdquo; and, as for the \u0026ldquo;half-Judaized,\nhalf-Negrified\u0026rdquo; people of America, they \u0026ldquo;have the brains of a hen.\u0026rdquo;\nHitler had contempt for his own people, referring to them as \u0026ldquo;the great\nstupid mutton-herd of our sheep-like people,\u0026rdquo; and when the defeats\nmounted late in the war, he blamed them for not having risen to the\nchallenge. Hitler called his own sisters \u0026ldquo;stupid geese.\u0026rdquo; Whatever\ndeficiencies members of the Germanic Volk might possess, however, Hitler\nbelieved the Aryan/Nordic race was infinitely superior to the\nsurrounding sea of sub-human \u0026ldquo;monstrosities between man and ape,\u0026rdquo; as he\nmade clear in a speech in Munich in 1927: \u0026ldquo;We see before us the Aryan\nrace which is manifestly the bearer of all culture, the true\nrepresentative of all humanityā€¦.Our entire industrial science is without\nexception the work of Nordics. All great composers from Beethoven to\nRichard Wagner are Aryansā€¦.Man owes everything that is of any importance\nto the principle of struggle and to one race which has carried itself\nforward successfully. Take away the Nordic Germans and nothing remains\nbut the dance of apes.\u0026rdquo; Charles Patterson.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei) Hitler was fond of dogs, especially German shepherds (he considered\nboxers \u0026ldquo;degenerate\u0026rdquo;), whom he liked to control and dominate. At the\nfront during World War I, he befriended a white terrier, Fuchsl (Foxl),\nwho had strayed across enemy lines. Later, when his unit had to move on\nand Fuchsl could not be found, Hitler became distraught. \u0026ldquo;I liked him so\nmuch,\u0026rdquo; he recalled. \u0026ldquo;He only obeyed me.\u0026rdquo; Hitler often carried a dogwhip\nand sometimes used it to beat his dog the same way he had seen his\nfather beat his own dog. In the Fuhrer headquarters during World War II,\nHitler\u0026rsquo;s German shepherd, Blondi, offered him the closest thing he had\nto friendship. \u0026ldquo;But with his dogs, as with every human being he came\ninto contact with,\u0026rdquo; writes his biographer Ian Kershaw, \u0026ldquo;any relationship\nwas based upon subordination to his mastery.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ej) The reputed fondness of Hitler and other top Nazis for animals,\nespecially their dogs, has been put into perspective by Max Horkheimer\nand Theodor Adorno. For certain authoritarian personalities, they write,\ntheir \u0026ldquo;love of animals\u0026rdquo; is part of the way they intimidate others. When\nindustrial magnates and Fascist leaders want to have pets around them,\nHorkheimer and Adorno maintain, their choice falls on intimidating\nanimals such as Great Danes and lion cubs, which are intended to add to\ntheir power through the terror they inspire. \u0026ldquo;The murderous Fascist\ncolossus stands so blindly before nature that he sees animals only as a\nmeans of humiliating men,\u0026rdquo; they write. \u0026ldquo;The Fascist\u0026rsquo;s passionate\ninterest in animals, nature, and children is rooted in the lust to\npersecute.\u0026rdquo; While with their hand they might negligently stroke a\nchild\u0026rsquo;s head, or an animal\u0026rsquo;s back, that same hand could just as easily\ndestroy them. \u0026ldquo;The petting demonstrates that all are equal in the\npresence of power, that none is a being in its own right. A creature is\nmerely material for the master\u0026rsquo;s bloody purposes.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ek) It is alleged that the Nazis revered or admired animals. Hitler\u0026rsquo;s\nnickname, \u0026ldquo;Wolf\u0026rdquo; is adduced as evidence for this. The Nazi interest in\nanimals was part of their adaptation of social Darwinism to racial\npolicies: they were fond of powerful animals, not animals they perceived\nas weak. Hitler\u0026rsquo;s nickname, \u0026ldquo;Wolf\u0026rdquo; is a good example. He didn\u0026rsquo;t call\nhimself \u0026ldquo;rabbit,\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;deer.\u0026rdquo; As Kenneth Clarke points out in The History\nof Animals in Art human behavior towards animals is extremely\nparadoxical. Human beings can be fond of animals and cruel towards them.\nAdmiration for animals often accompanies cruelty towards them. A hunter\nloves his hunting dog. Lion hunters admire the lion. Some Medieval\nbarons had bears inscribed on their escutcheons, yet hunted them and\ntortured them, sometimes blinding them for entertainment and bear\nfights.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003el) This is a silly effort to discredit vegetarianism by association. In\nfact, it is a logical fallacy known as \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/ycc/fallacies/list.html#sec-38\"\u003eGuilt by\nAssociation\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1716-other-animals-are-sadistic-too\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.16 Other animals are sadistic too. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1716-other-animals-are-sadistic-too\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey will torture a mouse and know they are torturing it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResponse a) Not according to Mark Twain: \u0026ldquo;Of all the creatures that were\nmade, man is the most detestable. Of the entire brood he is the only\noneā€“the solitary oneā€“that possesses malice. That is the basest of all\ninstincts, passions, vicesā€“the most hateful. He is the only creature\nthat has pain for sport, knowing it to be pain. Alsoā€“in all the list he\nis the only creature that has a nasty mind.- Mark Twain\u0026rsquo;s Autobiography;\nand: \u0026ldquo;Of all the animals, man is the only one that is cruel. He is the\nonly one that inflicts pain for the pleasure of doing it. It is a trait\nthat is not known to the higher animals.\u0026rdquo; (The Lowest Animal)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) You say a cat knows that a mouse feels pain, that a cat knows what a\nmouse is feeling, and then deliberately tortures the mouse, just as we\nknow for fact, humans such as researchers, are capable of doing (the\nfact that researchers will name lab animals \u0026ldquo;goner\u0026rdquo; or three animals\nwith broken spines \u0026ldquo;snap, crackle and pop\u0026rdquo; demonstrates this). When you\nsee cats or weasals do the same, or gather to watch other cats torture\nmice as a spectator sport, just as humans do in bullrings and rodeos,\nand in the Roman Coliseum, then you will convince me. Until then, keep\nfantasizing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) You are trying to project all the negative qualities of humans onto\nnonhumans, but you miss something. Only humans are capable of slander.\nOnly a human can accuse an innocent of doing that which it does itself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Humans are also capable of torturing others via language. Insults,\nlies etc. Can other species do that?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) There is zero evidence that other species, unlike humans, are aware\nthat they are causing members of other species to suffer. Do cats or\nweasals set up arenas or stadiums in the wild or back alleys where they\nsit around as other cats and weasals torture mice? Do they roll on their\nbacks in apparent glee as they watch a mouse screamingā€“as humans have\nbeen known to find pleasure and amusement from watching othersā€“human or\nnotā€“suffer? For a cat to be aware that a mouse suffers, and then to\nderive pleasure from its suffering, would be to project very human\ncharacteristics onto the cat. And remember that there is one advantage\nthat humans have over nonhumans in their capacity for cruelty. Only\nhumans are capable of mental torment. Using language to tease and\ntorture others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1717-do-you-eat-meatwhat-are-your-shoes-made-of\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.17 Do you eat meat?/What are your shoes made of? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1717-do-you-eat-meatwhat-are-your-shoes-made-of\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) The issue of meat eating and/or animal by-products is a valid and\nimportant issue in animal rights, but it does not have anything to do\nwith the moral and ethical problems of animal research. The fact that an\nanimal activist making a pro-animal rights/compassion argument may be\ninconsistent in those ways does not in any way detract or invalidate the\nargument on animal research. It is a separate issue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) If South Africa was being criticized by the United States for their\ntreatment of blacks, and the South African government responded by\npointing out the United States\u0026rsquo; poor treatment of tribal communities\nwithin their own country, would this mean that the treatment of blacks\nby South Africa was morally defensible? Of course not. It would just\nmean that there are other issues that need to be addressed APART FROM\nthe treatment of blacks by South Africa.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1718-well-you-are-entitled-to-your-opinion-but-i-am-entitled-to-mine\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.18 Well you are entitled to your opinion but I am entitled to mine. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1718-well-you-are-entitled-to-your-opinion-but-i-am-entitled-to-mine\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand I say ā€¦ FILL IN BLANK\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Everyone is entitled to an opinion (although some are more able to\nexpress one publicly than others) but if the opinion involves causing\nharm to others, there is usually a generally accepted restriction on\nACTING upon such opinions. I.e. \u0026ldquo;I think Christians like me are superior\nto non-christians, therefore we should be able to enslave non\nbelievers.\u0026rdquo; If it is wrong for white supremacists, christian\nsupremacists, anti-gays, male chauvinists, etc to act upon their\nopinion, thus it should be the same for ALL forms of unfair\ndiscriminationā€“including willful discrimination against animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Daniel Patrick Moynihan: \u0026ldquo;Everyone is entitled to his own opinion,\nbut not to his own facts.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1719-mind-your-own-business\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.19 Mind your own business. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1719-mind-your-own-business\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) I\u0026rsquo;ll mind my own business when you let other species mind their own\nbusiness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) If \u0026ldquo;mind your own business\u0026rdquo; wasn\u0026rsquo;t an acceptable defense from a\nnegro slave trader or a Nazi camp guard it isn\u0026rsquo;t an acceptable defense\nfrom you either.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) This is actually a self-annihilating imperative, since the issuer is\nnot minding his/her own business by telling you to mind yours.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1720-who-says-you-have-a-right-to-tell-us-what-to-do\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.20 Who says you have a right to tell us what to do? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1720-who-says-you-have-a-right-to-tell-us-what-to-do\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Who says you have a right to tell other species what to do?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Because, if we have a right to tell a wife beater, child abuser,\nNazi or negro slave trader what to do then we have a right to tell you\nwhat to do also.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) Again a self-annihilating effort, since we could question whether\nthe issuer has a right to tell us what to do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1721-you-are-never-going-to-stop-\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.21 You are never going to stop ā€¦ \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1721-you-are-never-going-to-stop-\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInsert animal-environmental cause or convince people that some action is\nwrong.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) We may never eradicate homicide, child abuse, spousal abuse, theft,\netc. so I guess by your logic we shouldn\u0026rsquo;t even try.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1722-why-are-you-vegan\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.22 Why are you Vegan? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1722-why-are-you-vegan\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) Everyone is! Just some people add animal products to their diet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Everything is! Just some foods have animal products added.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) I was training my dog not to beg and got used to the diet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Because god told me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) Because I ate part of my best friend once and that kind of put me\noff.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ef) Why AREN\u0026rsquo;T you????\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eg) because I find it terrible to have thoughts of eating muscles cut\nfrom my friends\u0026rsquo; dead bodies, and disgusting to stuff one\u0026rsquo;s face with\ndecaying animal remains.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eh) Because you aren\u0026rsquo;t.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ei) Socrates, Pythagoros, Leonardo Da Vinci, H.G. Wells, Dr. Spock,\nMister Spock, Einstein ā€¦ either they were ones or endorsed the concept,\nsince genius and vegetarianism seem to go together so well, I thought\nsomebody better keep the tradition alive!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ej) I don\u0026rsquo;t feel like its in my nature to kill animals for food because\nI know that I couldn\u0026rsquo;t kill an animal and eat it. It doesn\u0026rsquo;t seem fair\nto pay a corporation to take care of if for me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1723-how-can-you-compare-the-holocaust-to-the-treatment-of-animals-in-farms-and-labs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e17.23 How can you compare the Holocaust to the treatment of animals in farms and labs? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#1723-how-can-you-compare-the-holocaust-to-the-treatment-of-animals-in-farms-and-labs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is an insult to the memory of those who died in the camps to use the\nword in reference to animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea) The word \u0026ldquo;holocaust\u0026rdquo; originates in reference to the sacrifice of a\nmale animal in Biblical times, thus, if it is fitting for humans to\nchange its meaning to highlight a mass slaughter committed against\nhumans, then certainly it is fair and just to use the word in reference\nto the slaughter of the subjects in its original meaning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eb) Groups and individuals who discuss the Nazi Holocaust often refer to\n\u0026ldquo;cattle cars\u0026rdquo; and comparing Auschwitz victims to \u0026ldquo;lab animals,\u0026rdquo;\ntherefore they themselves are acknowledging that nonhuman animals are\ntreated in horrible and atrocious waysā€“the proof is that they use them\nas examples of how not to be treated!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ec) If anything, it is an insult to the billions of nonhuman animals\nthat have been slaughtered, since their victims far outnumber that of\nany human tragedy. And unlike humans, the victims of animal holocausts\nare incapable of ever being the victimizers. Not true of Jews,\nArmenians, Cambodians, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ed) Who says humans have a monopoly on suffering and injustice?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ee) To think it is an insult is to demonstrate the same sort of arrogant\nsupremacy mindset that the Nazis showed, valuing the suffering of some\nover others.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Marc Bekoff", "date_published": "2022-03-01T10:32:31-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-01T10:32:31-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/marc-bekoff/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/marc-bekoff/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eMarc Bekoff is Professor Emeritus of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at\nthe University of Colorado, Boulder. An internationally prominent\nlecturer on animal behavior, cognitive ethology and behavioral ecology,\nMarc has contributed immensely to these fields via original papers,\nbooks and even videos. Additionally, he was a competitive cyclist\nwinning the Tour du Haut Var for his age group in 1986!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a link to his \u003ca href=\"https://marcbekoff.com\"\u003ewebsite\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"links\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLinks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#links\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Bekoff\"\u003eWikipedia: Marc Bekoff\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://literati.net/Bekoff/\"\u003eLiterati: Marc Bekoff\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.animalconsultants.org/consultants/bekoff_marc.html\"\u003eAnimal Consultants International: Marc\nBekoff\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/marc-bekoff\"\u003eHuffington Post: Marc\nBekoff\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.enlightennext.org/magazine/bios/marc-bekoff.asp\"\u003eEnlightenNext Magazine: Marc Bekoff Biography and\nResources\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://ebio.colorado.edu/index.php/people-faculty/people-emeritus?view=employee\u0026amp;id=41\"\u003eUniversity of Colorado: Marc Bekoff Professor\nEmeritus\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/experts/marc-bekoff\"\u003ePsychology Today Experts: Marc\nBekoff\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://bouldermasterscycling.com/2011/12/23/marc-bekoff/\"\u003eBoulder Masters Cycling: Marc\nBekoff\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.extremevegansports.org/keyword/cycling/1/1611548943_Rk2PVTc#!i=1611548943\u0026amp;k=Rk2PVTc\"\u003eVegan Sporting Association: Marc\nBekoff\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://landofpuregold.com/gentlegiant.htm\"\u003eMarc Bekoff - Gentle Giant of the Animal\nWorld\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.rootsandshoots.org/newsevents/news?nwsid=E9E92E0D-5207-E934-0B80-B018B7441000\"\u003eMarc Bekoff\u0026rsquo;s work at the Boulder County\nJail\u003c/a\u003e\n(as part of Jane Goodall\u0026rsquo;s Roots \u0026amp; Shoots program)\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"bcj1.pdf\" alt=\"bcj1.pdf\"\u003e\n\n (pdf article from Camera paper)\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"bcj2.pdf\" alt=\"bcj2.pdf\"\u003e\n\n (pdf article from New Scientist 21 March, 2009)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/ArchitecturePlanning/discover/centers/CYE/Publications/Pages/Books.aspx\"\u003eKids \u0026amp; Animals by Marc\nBekoff\u003c/a\u003e,\nforeword by Jane Goodall\u003cbr\u003e\nfollow above link for more details then click on image to download pdf\nbook\u003cbr\u003e\nor \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/ArchitecturePlanning/discover/centers/CYE/Documents/kids_and_animals_printable_lowresolution.pdf\"\u003eget the pdf book\ndirectly\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.animalsasia.org/blog_en/index.php?m=11\u0026amp;y=08\u0026amp;entry=entry081112-191054\"\u003eMarc Bekoff\u0026rsquo;s moon bear\nrescue\u003c/a\u003e\nwork with \u003ca href=\"http://www.animalsasia.org/\"\u003eAnimals Asia\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"moonbears.pdf\" alt=\"moonbears.pdf\"\u003e\n\n (pdf article from New Scientist 2009/05/02)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"resurgenceTAM.pdf\" alt=\"resurgenceTAM.pdf\"\u003e\n\n (pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nTreat us better or leave us alone! Marc Bekoff explains\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"resurgenceLFA.pdf\" alt=\"resurgenceLFA.pdf\"\u003e\n\n (pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimals are rarely violent and never to the extent we are. We can learn\na lot from them - if we only open our minds and hearts to who they\nreally are, writes Marc Bekoff.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"organizations\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOrganizations \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#organizations\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCo-founder with Jane Goodall:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.ethologicalethics.org/\"\u003eEthologists for the Ethical Treatment of Animals: Citizens for\nResponsible Animal Behavior Studies in\n2000\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoard of Directors:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.cougarfund.org/\"\u003eThe Cougar Fund\u003c/a\u003e, The Fauna Sanctuary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdvisory Board Member and/or Council:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.livingwithwolves.org/\"\u003eLiving with Wolves,\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.greenvegans.org/\"\u003eGreenvegans\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ad-international.org/\"\u003eAnimal\nDefenders\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"http://www.projectcoyote.org/\"\u003eProject\nCoyote\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"http://www.museumofanimals.org/\"\u003eNational Museum of Animals \u0026amp;\nSociety\u003c/a\u003e, Laboratory Primate Advocacy\nGroup\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHonorary Board Member:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.rational-animal.org/\"\u003eRational Animal\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHonorary Member:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.animalisti.it/\"\u003eAnimalisti Italiani\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.altarriba.org/\"\u003eFundacion\nAltarriba\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePatron:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.captiveanimals.org/\"\u003eCaptive Animals\u0026rsquo; Protection Society\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScientific Expert Advisory Panel Member:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.voiceless.org.au/\"\u003eVoiceless, The Animal Protection\nInstitute\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFaculty Member:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.humanesocietyuniversity.org/fall12010.html?utm_source=googleads\u0026amp;utm_medium=ppc\u0026amp;utm_campaign=fall2010\u0026amp;gclid=CKLhqvPq66ICFQ1HnQodZCaUZw\"\u003eHumane Society\nUniversity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"awards\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAwards \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#awards\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2005 The Bank One Faculty Community Service Award 2009 St. Francis of\nAssisi Award by the Auckland (New Zealand) SPCA\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"videos\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eVideos \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#videos\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"animal-emotions---an-interview-with-professor-marc-bekoff\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnimal Emotions - An interview with Professor Marc Bekoff \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#animal-emotions---an-interview-with-professor-marc-bekoff\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn interview with Professor Marc Bekoff on RTE Radio 1\u0026rsquo;s Pat Kenny Show\n(September 3rd, 2008).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/i0tpOhWNpXs?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"marc-bekoffanimal-sentience\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMarc Bekoffā€“Animal Sentience \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#marc-bekoffanimal-sentience\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInsights into animal intelligence and feeling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/LR4WR5z2e8g?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"science--animal-activism-with-marc-bekoff\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eScience \u0026amp; Animal Activism with Marc Bekoff \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#science--animal-activism-with-marc-bekoff\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMarc Bekoff shares insights drawn from a lifetime studying animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/bZ9lq97RQ6U?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"marc-bekoff---animal-behavior-and-emotions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMarc Bekoff - Animal Behavior and Emotions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#marc-bekoff---animal-behavior-and-emotions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVideo is unavailable presently.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"insight-into-the-emotional-lives-of-animals-with-dr-marc-bekoff\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInsight into the Emotional Lives of Animals with Dr. Marc Bekoff \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#insight-into-the-emotional-lives-of-animals-with-dr-marc-bekoff\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis video is no longer available because the YouTube account associated\nwith this video has been terminated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"marc-bekoff-speech-at-2010-voiceless-awards\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMarc Bekoff speech at 2010 Voiceless Awards \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#marc-bekoff-speech-at-2010-voiceless-awards\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere, he delivers the keynote address at the 2011 Voiceless Awards,\nwhich celebrate animal proteciton in Australia. Marc reflects on the\nneed to give animals respect and compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/D95QGl47Aiw?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"edwin-rutsch--marc-bekoff-dialogs-on-building-a-culture-of-empathy-and-compassion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://cultureofempathy.com/References/Experts/Marc-Bekoff.htm\"\u003eEdwin Rutsch \u0026amp; Marc Bekoff: Dialogs on Building a Culture of Empathy and Compassion\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#edwin-rutsch--marc-bekoff-dialogs-on-building-a-culture-of-empathy-and-compassion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a video embedded in the page.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"books\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBooks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#books\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.nwlib.com/BooksProducts/ProductDetails/tabid/64/SKU/16299/Default.aspx\"\u003eThe Emotional Lives of\nAnimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBeckoff\u003cbr\u003e\nSkillfully blends extraordinary stories of animal joy, empathy, grief,\nembarrassment, anger, and love with the latest scientific research\nconfirming the existence of emotions that common sense and experience\nhave long implied.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/041612.html\"\u003eWild Justice: The Moral Lives of\nAnimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Pierce\u003cbr\u003e\nWe argue that animals feel empathy for each other, treat one another\nfairly, cooperate towards common goals, and help each other out of\ntrouble. We argue, in short, that animals have morality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.betterworldbooks.com/Encyclopedia-of-Human-Animal-Relationships-Four-Volumes-4-Volumes-id-9780313334870.aspx?utm_source=google_feed\"\u003eEncyclopedia of Human-Animal\nRelationships\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Nystrom\u003cbr\u003e\nHumans and animals live together on earth, but as we increasingly\nreshape ecosystems to accommodate larger populations, technology, and\nincreased consumption, animals are greatly affected.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books/about/Listening_to_Cougar.html?id=As4L_AkYvxwC\u0026amp;redir_esc=y\"\u003eListening to\nCougar\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Lowe\u003cbr\u003e\nSpellbinding tribute to Puma concolor honors the big cat\u0026rsquo;s presence on\nthe land and in our psyches.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=CtQ0MK3g2J0C\u0026amp;dq=Animals+Matter\u0026amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s\"\u003eAnimals\nMatter\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nA biologist explains why we should treat animals with compassion and\nrespect.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=RrbABJkTL-8C\u0026amp;dq=Animals+at+Play:+Rules+of+the+Game\u0026amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s\"\u003eAnimals at Play: Rules of the\nGame\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nEmphasizes how animals communicate, cooperate and learn to play fair and\nwhat happens when they break the rules.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=AmgYIBQ-XKkC\u0026amp;dq=Encyclopedia+of+Animal+Rights+and+Animal+Welfare\u0026amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s\"\u003eEncyclopedia of Animal Rights and Animal Welfare Vol\n1\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=k8hbcgAACAAJ\u0026amp;dq=Encyclopedia+of+Animal+Rights+and+Animal+Welfare\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ei=BzYJT435OomciQLB0NCfCQ\u0026amp;ved=0CD8Q6AEwAQ\"\u003eEncyclopedia of Animal Rights and Animal Welfare Vol\n2\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nRemains the only reference to cover the entire scope of animal rights\nand welfare from a global interdisciplinary perspective, with an\ninternational team of contributors assembled by Marc Bekoff covering\nanimal treatment issues in the United States, China, India, Kenya,\nAustralia, and many other nations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=b9CR6tipzTMC\u0026amp;dq=The+Animal+Manifesto:+Six+Reasons+For+Expanding+Our+Compassion+Footprint\u0026amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s\"\u003eThe Animal Manifesto: Six Reasons For Expanding Our Compassion\nFootprint\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nDriven by moral imperatives and pressing environmental realities, Bekoff\noffers six compelling reasons for changing the way we treat animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=U50XAQAAIAAJ\u0026amp;q=The+smile+of+a+dolphin\u0026amp;dq=The+smile+of+a+dolphin\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ei=BzoJT4pLyJGJAvfMgJkJ\u0026amp;ved=0CDQQ6AEwAA\"\u003eThe smile of a\ndolphin\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nA fascinating look at the complex emotional lives of animals presents\nfirsthand accounts by leading animal behavior researchers that offer a\ncompelling argument that humans are not the only creatures to experience\nemotion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=hevhW5lvEBsC\u0026amp;dq=Minding+animals\u0026amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s\"\u003eMinding animals: awareness, emotions, and\nheart\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nAn exhilarating tour of the emotional and mental world of animals, where\nwe meet creatures who do amazing things.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=5qQNetdJKnwC\u0026amp;dq=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s\"\u003eAnimal passions and beastly\nvirtues\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nDraws world-wide attention for its originality and its probing into what\nanimals think about and know as well as what they feel, what physical\nand mental skills they use to live.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=Plr1WyHmOIQC\u0026amp;dq=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ei=8ToJT9W3D8auiALOx5CZCQ\u0026amp;ved=0CFUQ6AEwBQ\"\u003eThe Ten\nTrusts\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nGoodall, Bekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nAddresses various aspects of animal welfare, animal rights and what can\nbe done to assist in providing a better life for the animals of the\nworld.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=jkiTQ8dIIHsC\u0026amp;dq=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s\"\u003eAnimal play: evolutionary, comparative, and ecological\nperspectives\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Byers\u003cbr\u003e\nCareful, quantitative studies of social, locomotor and object play\nbehaviour are now beginning ā€¦ to shed light on many other aspects of\nboth animal and human behaviour.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=H97oavF8NO4C\u0026amp;dq=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s\"\u003eSpecies of Mind: The Philosophy and Biology of Cognitive\nEthology\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAllen, Bekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nA philosopher and a cognitive ethologist, approach their work from the\nperspective that many animals have minds and rich cognitive lives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=T-ztyW8eTnIC\u0026amp;dq=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s\"\u003eThe cognitive animal: empirical and theoretical perspectives on animal\ncognition\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Allen, Burghardt\u003cbr\u003e\nA comprehensive overview of the interdisciplinary field of animal\ncognition. The contributors include cognitive ethologists, behavioral\necologists, experimental and developmental psychologists, behaviorists,\nphilosophers, neuroscientists, computer scientists and modelers, field\nbiologists, and others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=3c84JwOcZ3cC\u0026amp;dq=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s\"\u003eSuburban Howls: Tracking the Eastern Coyote in Urban\nMassachusetts\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWay, Way, Bekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nThis book is about the experiences and findings of a biologist studying\ncoyote ecology and behavior in urbanized eastern Massachusetts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=_2pABC_kuV4C\u0026amp;dq=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s\"\u003eAngel Dogs with a Mission: Divine Messengers in Service to All\nLife\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAnderson, Anderson, Bekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nThis fascinating book puts the spotlight on working dogs ā€“ those heroic\ncanines who have found ways to give back more than sloppy kisses and\nhappy snuggles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=jYjP_2DunB8C\u0026amp;dq=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ei=rj0JT4jeNoGtiQLfj-WaCQ\u0026amp;ved=0CFQQ6AEwBTgK\"\u003eCoyotes: Biology, Behavior and\nManagement\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff\u003cbr\u003e\na classic of the canid literature. Originally published in 1978,\nCoyotes: Biology, Behavior and Management pulled together much disparate\nresearch in coyote evolution, taxonomy, reproduction, communication,\nbehavioral development, population dynamics, ethology and ecological\nstudies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=lJQTAQAAMAAJ\u0026amp;q=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;dq=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ei=jkAJT4jlNcHeiAKp35y8CQ\u0026amp;ved=0CDMQ6AEwADgU\"\u003eStrolling with our kin: speaking for and respecting voiceless\nanimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff takes the reader on a philosophical and ethical odyssey examining\nhow We can all live in harmony with our fellow kin. He asks us to\nexplore our thoughts and expand our views of a world made up of many\nspecies, only one of which is human.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=CbuUD4Yg5uoC\u0026amp;dq=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ei=jkAJT4jlNcHeiAKp35y8CQ\u0026amp;ved=0CDwQ6AEwAjgU\"\u003eNature\u0026rsquo;s Life Lessons: Everyday Truths from\nNature\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nCarrier, Bekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nUsing everyday behaviors in Nature, this delightful and whimsical book\ncelebrates the link between the natural world and quirky humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=aVk_-hy5rNUC\u0026amp;dq=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ei=jkAJT4jlNcHeiAKp35y8CQ\u0026amp;ved=0CEIQ6AEwAzgU\"\u003eIntegral Ecology: Uniting Multiple Perspectives on the Natural\nWorld\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nZimmerman, Esbjorn-Hargens, Bekoff, Hochachka, Tissot, Riddell\u003cbr\u003e\nUnites valuable insights from multiple perspectives into a comprehensive\ntheoretical framework-one that can be put to use right now.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"selected-blog-post-titles-from-psychology-today\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSelected blog post titles from Psychology Today \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#selected-blog-post-titles-from-psychology-today\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese are various articles by Marc posted in his \u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions\"\u003ePsychology Today\nblog\u003c/a\u003e. The short\ndescriptions are provided too. Some of these articles can serve as\nintroductions to various academic papers by Marc. You can subscribe to\nhis blog via rss feed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201205/baboons-distinguish-real-words-nonsense-words\"\u003eBaboons Distinguish Real Words From Nonsense\nWords\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nNon-reading baboons can learn to distinguish written real words from\nnonsense words. Recognizing visual word forms is a key component of\nliteracy and these data provide the first animal model. Once again, we\nlearn that we are not alone in demonstrating some fascinating and\nsophisticated cognitive skills.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201205/bowerbirds-do-they-have-green-thumbs\"\u003eBowerbirds: Do They Have Green\nThumbs?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMale bowerbirds appear to grow a garden to attract females. What they do\nseems to be cultivation, the result of which is increased mating\nsuccess. The more we learn the more blurred is the border between \u0026ldquo;us\u0026rdquo;\nand \u0026ldquo;them\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201204/the-national-museum-animals-society\"\u003eThe National Museum of Animals \u0026amp;\nSociety\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe National Museum of Animals \u0026amp; Society (NMAS), the first of its kind,\ncenters on the full spectrum of human-animal studies (anthrozoology, our\nrelationships with, and perceptions of, other animals) including the\nhistory of protecting animals and the importance of humane education in\ntheir collections, exhibitions, and programs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201204/friends-benefits\"\u003eFriends With\nBenefits\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nNonhumans show us why we all need others we can count on. They help in\ntimes of need, it feels good to have close friends, and it\u0026rsquo;s good for an\nindividual\u0026rsquo;s health and well-being. The more we study other animals the\nmore we learn about their fascinating lives and about ourselves. We\nshould be proud of our animal heritage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201204/our-complex-and-contradictory-relationships-other-animal-beings\"\u003eOur Complex and Contradictory Relationships with Other Animal\nBeings\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJust about every day is a mixed bag for nonhuman animals. To wit, we\u0026rsquo;ve\nrecently learned that dolphins are more socially complex than previously\nrecognized and that St. Jude Hospital plans to raise money from horrific\nraccoon hunts using coondogs. We need to, and easily can, change our\nways.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201204/the-superior-human-who-do-we-think-we-are\"\u003eThe Superior Human? Who Do We Think We\nAre?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThis fascinating documentary is well worth watching. While we are unique\nand special so too are other animals. Human exceptionalism that\ntranslates into supposed superiority and domination over \u0026ldquo;lower\u0026rdquo; species\nis based on bad biology and this film dismantles specious speciesism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201204/humans-help-stranded-dolphins-some-much-needed-good-news\"\u003eHumans Help Stranded Dolphins: Some Much Needed Good\nNews\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWatch humans help save stranded dolphins in Brazil. I hope this\nwonderful story will help to maintain or restore your faith in the\ngoodness and decency of humans who choose to help, rather than to harm,\nother animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201203/trapped-wolf-used-target-practice\"\u003eTrapped Wolf Used for Target\nPractice\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWolf torture continues and is praised by some while critics\u0026rsquo; lives are\nthreatened. This story of a trapped wolf who was also used for target\npractice (teaser image) should outrage people and get them to do\nsomething to stop this reprehensible behavior.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201203/wicked-tuna-ngs-supports-killing-these-majestic-beings\"\u003eWicked Tuna: NGS Supports Killing These Majestic\nBeings\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe NGS glorifies killing these majestic fish for unneeded meals. What\u0026rsquo;s\nto be admired for causing incredible pain and suffering to these\nimperiled sentient beings, all in the name of entertainment and money?\nWhat did the tuna do to deserve the label \u0026ldquo;wicked\u0026rdquo;? Why are they the\nevil ones in this one-sided slaughter?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201203/dolphin-confidential-woman-and-the-dolphins-she-loves\"\u003eDolphin Confidential: A Woman and the Dolphins She\nLoves\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u0026ldquo;Dolphin Confidential\u0026rdquo; is an inspirational book about a woman scientist\nand the \u0026ldquo;urban\u0026rdquo; L. A. dolphins she comes to love. Maddalena Bearzi shows\nthat bonding with animals does not preclude doing solid science and\nserves as a role model for those who want to become scientists and feel\nfree to display feelings for the animals they study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201203/killing-other-animals-food-does-not-make-us-human\"\u003eKilling Other Animals For Food Does Not Make us\nHuman\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThere\u0026rsquo;s nothing spiritual about killing innocent animals for unneeded\nmeals. The claims hunters, who are meat-eating zealots, put forth using\nflowery prose about how hunting makes us human and that those who don\u0026rsquo;t\nhunt are \u0026ldquo;missing something\u0026rdquo; are self-serving and ignore what the hunted\nanimals are thinking and feeling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201203/dog-and-river-otter-most-amazing-friendship\"\u003eA Dog and a River Otter: a Most Amazing\nFriendship\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWatch Rio, a dog, play with his wild river otter friend. The river otter\ncomes to visit Rio everyday and they frolic wildly and obviously enjoy\nit immensely. This incredible video will make your day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201203/bonobos-rescue-friends-in-need-because-females-lead\"\u003eBonobos Rescue Friends in Need Because Females\nLead\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThese amazing apes travel long distances to find and help lost friends.\nIt\u0026rsquo;s suggested this is because their social groups are led by females\nfor whom the unity of the group is very important. This is another\nexample showing animals are far more caring, compassionate, and kind\nthan we give them credit for.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201203/its-coyote-killing-time-once-again-0\"\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s Coyote Killing Time Once\nAgain\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nUtah and Nova Scotia wage war on these fascinating native animals using\nprograms that have been scientifically proven not to work. The wanton,\nsenseless, and merciless killing of coyotes and other animals is\nineffective and must be stopped. Why is it that some people enjoy\nkilling other animals?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201203/trumping-wildlife-heinous-trophy-hunting-not-conservation\"\u003eTrumping Wildlife: Heinous Trophy Hunting, Not\nConservation\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDonald Trump\u0026rsquo;s sons clearly enjoy going on very expensive canned trophy\nhunts. These macho boys write off their heinous and sick killing spree\nin the name of conservation as if it\u0026rsquo;s good for the animals, their\nhabitats, and local people, as they proudly pose with corpses and body\nparts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201203/thrill-seeking-bees-bathing-bear-and-chimpanzees-in-the-news\"\u003eThrill-seeking Bees, A Bathing Bear, and Chimpanzees In the\nNews\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBees are wired for adventure and a bear takes a bath using a tool. A new\nmovie called \u0026ldquo;Chimpanzee\u0026rdquo; will be airing soon and Disneynature will\ncontribute 20 cents per ticket to the Jane Goodall Institute for the\nDisneynature Tchimpounga Nature Reserve Project with a minimum of\n$100,000 pledged to this program.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201203/elephants-mourn-loss-elephant-whisperer-lawrence-anthony\"\u003eElephants Mourn Loss of \u0026ldquo;Elephant Whisperer\u0026rdquo; Lawrence\nAnthony\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nElephant grief and mourning include the loss of their human friend.\nBroken-hearted elephants visited the home of Lawrence Anthony, known as\nthe elephant whisperer, to express their sorrow. They had not been seen\nthere for a very long time. Clearly we\u0026rsquo;re not the only animals who\npossess the cognitive and emotional capacities for suffering the loss of\nothers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201203/flies-booze-and-apes-apps\"\u003eFlies On Booze and Apes On\nApps\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nFlies drink alcohol to ward off parasites and live longer than\nteetotallers, and captive orangutans use iPads to enrich their lives.\nThey may even communicate with others over long distances using FaceTime\nor Skype.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201202/green-environmental-devastation-and-the-last-hours-orangutans-life\"\u003eGreen: Environmental Devastation and the Last Hours of an Orangutan\u0026rsquo;s\nLife\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA heart-wrenching documentary about the last hours of a female\norangutan\u0026rsquo;s life. Some people deny the devastating and violent impacts\nwe have globally, and few have the opportunity to see them first hand,\nbut they are realities we must, and can, reverse now. It\u0026rsquo;s very easy to\navoid products that cause unspeakable harm to innocent animals and their\nhomes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201202/is-chimpanzee-research-necessary-no-say-many-scientists\"\u003eIs Chimpanzee Research Necessary? No, Say Many\nScientists\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nRigorous reviews of available data on the use of chimpanzees and other\nanimals in biomedical research show that we actually learn very little\nabout treating human disease from these models. Wide-ranging support to\nremove chimpanzees from laboratories and place them safely in\nsanctuaries upholds these conclusions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201202/is-chimpanzee-research-necessary-no-say-many-scientists\"\u003eThe Need for \u0026ldquo;Wild\u0026rdquo; Play: Let Children Be the Animals They Need to\nBe\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA new book called \u0026ldquo;Evolutionary Playwork\u0026rdquo; shows that youngsters need to\n\u0026ldquo;get down and dirty\u0026rdquo; and engage in \u0026ldquo;wild\u0026rdquo; play, but they\u0026rsquo;re not.\nAccording to play expert Bob Hughes, \u0026ldquo;גā‚¬Ā¦ if the activity is bounded by\nadult rules, if it is stiff, formalised and dominated by the need to\nscore points and flatter one\u0026rsquo;s ego, that is not play, it is something\nelse.\u0026rdquo; The same for adults.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201202/say-it-isnt-so-major-atrocities-against-animals\"\u003eSay It Isn\u0026rsquo;t So: Major Atrocities Against\nAnimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nCanadian conservation officers slaughter 145 bears and numerous dead\nanimals discovered at Oregon State University. The teaser image is of a\nlive raccoon caught by its rear leg and attempting to escape by weaving\nitself through a fence. Wildlife Services left it to die after illegally\nsetting traps and snares. You can stop this violence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201202/animals-new-ethics-resurgence-magazine\"\u003eAnimals: A New Ethics (Resurgence\nMagazine)\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this special edition of Resurgence magazine you\u0026rsquo;ll read new\nwide-ranging essays by animal advocates including campaigners,\nactivists, authors, philosophers, scientists, lawyers, charity heads,\npoets, and artists. It\u0026rsquo;s truly an up-to-date landmark publication.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201202/makin-bacon-unspeakable-and-grisly-abuse-pig-farm\"\u003eMakin\u0026rsquo; Bacon: Unspeakable and Grisly Abuse On a Pig\nFarm\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nPigs on pig farms suffer greatly despite supposed concerns for the\nwelfare. They\u0026rsquo;re shot, tossed around as if they\u0026rsquo;re mere objects, forced\nto live without proper veterinary care, and slapped, kicked and beaten\ninto submission with the use of pig boards, iron bars, and gate rods.\nThis reprehensible abuse must be stopped and you can help do this at\nyour next meal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201202/wearing-pain-canada-gooses-fur-policy-is-lame-and-self-serving\"\u003eWearing Pain: Canada Goose\u0026rsquo;s Fur Policy Is Lame and\nSelf-Serving\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThere is no reason to kill animals for clothing. In the process of\nbecoming a coat or trim, the bones of coyotes and many other animals go\nsnap, crackle, and pop as they\u0026rsquo;re tortured unrelentingly. Canada Goose\u0026rsquo;s\nfur policy is laden with self-serving justifications and errors all in\nthe name of money and the unnecessary slaughter of animals for clothing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201202/dogs-homeless-people-and-love-picture-is-worth-many-many-words\"\u003eDogs, Homeless People, and Love: A Picture Is Worth Many Many\nWords\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe photos to which I refer here show clearly that dogs are our best\nfriends. They\u0026rsquo;re able to love with no or very few holds barred and bring\nmuch joy and warmth to those who are down on their luck. We\u0026rsquo;re so lucky\nto have dogs in our lives. We should embrace and celebrate their\nwillingness to share love and learn from them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201202/social-dominance-is-not-myth-wolves-dogs-and-other-animals\"\u003eSocial Dominance Is Not a Myth: Wolves, Dogs, and Other\nAnimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSocial dominance is a real phenomenon but has been widely misunderstood\nand misused. Nonhuman (and human) animals dominate one another in a\nnumber of ways, but simple and narrow explanations of what dominance is,\nhow it\u0026rsquo;s expressed, and how it influences behavior don\u0026rsquo;t necessarily\nhold across species, within species, or across different contexts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201202/nika-and-her-animal-friends-most-inspirational-rescue\"\u003eNika and Her Animal Friends: A Most Inspirational\nRescue\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMeet Nika and her animal friends who rescued her from a life of hell.\nAfter years of abuse and neglect Nika has made a remarkable recovery in\nthe company of some wonderful nonhuman animal \u0026ldquo;therapists\u0026rdquo; and loving\nhuman animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201202/chancer-and-iyal-dog-his-boy-and-his-dog\"\u003eChancer and Iyal: A Dog, His Boy, and His\nDog\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nChancer, a golden retriever, takes care of a youngster with severe\ncognitive disabilities. Chancer is one of many dogs who give hope to\nthose who need it. The reciprocal bond, the life line, formed between\nhumans and their canine companions is awe-inspiring and win-win for all.\nBless all the dog beings and human beings who work in these wonderful\nprograms.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201201/chimpanzee-abuse-extreme-cruelty-caught-tape\"\u003eChimpanzee Abuse: Extreme Cruelty Caught on\nTape\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIf you doubted that chimpanzees are horrifically abused in laboratories,\nwatch this short video. To quote the head of the center, Thomas Rowell:\n\u0026ldquo;There were five minutes or less of video where you said to yourself,\nyou know, I wish so and so hadn\u0026rsquo;t said this ā€¦ Or I wish they\u0026rsquo;d have been\nmore careful here.\u0026rdquo; Imagine what the chimpanzees were feeling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201201/chimpanzees-should-not-be-treated-books-in-library\"\u003eChimpanzees Should Not Be Treated as Books in a\nLibrary\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nChimpanzees are sentient beings who should not be stockpiled and kept in\ntiny cells as if they\u0026rsquo;re mere objects because they may have to be used\nin horrific research in the future. They are making small gains in the\non-going, and often deceptive battle, to keep them locked up, but they\nneed all the help we can offer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201201/hunters-upset-when-dogs-are-trapped-still-want-hunt\"\u003eHunters Upset When Dogs Are Trapped, but Still Want to\nHunt\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nTrapping animals causes intense and enduring pain, suffering, and death.\nHunters who are opposed to trapping, as many are, also want to be able\nto kill other animals but get very upset when their dog(s) is harmed, as\nthey should. Why don\u0026rsquo;t the pain, suffering, and death of other animals\nmatter?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201201/close-encounters-the-gorilla-kind\"\u003eClose Encounters of the Gorilla\nKind\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA video well-worth watching to see friendly and inquisitive gorillas pet\nand groom a human. The portrayal of animals as being mean and violent is\nsimply wrong. It\u0026rsquo;s a misrepresentation of who they really are. Sit back\nand enjoy this amazing encounter between a human ape and one of our\nclose relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201201/what-were-wars-dont-blame-other-animals-human-violence\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;What Were Wars?\u0026rdquo; Don\u0026rsquo;t Blame Other Animals For Human\nViolence\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHuman war is a choice and non-human animals should not be blamed for our\nviolent leanings. Scientific data show clearly that other animals are\npredominantly peaceful beings and we must factor this into our attempts\nto justify war-mongering, but more importantly to stop it. We need to\ndevelop a science of peace and build a culture of empathy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201201/the-grey-has-it-all-wrong-about-wolves\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;The Grey\u0026rdquo; Has It All Wrong About\nWolves\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMedia, this time \u0026ldquo;The Grey\u0026rdquo;, once again misrepresents and vilifies\nanimals. In this movie wolves are the victims of sensationalism and\nlong-dead myths that can hurt efforts to protect and conserve these\nendangered animals. Actors also ate two wolves who were brought to the\nset to get them in the mood for the wild. No joke.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201201/empathic-rodents-get-wee-bit-more-protection-sort\"\u003eEmpathic Rodents Get a Wee Bit More Protection Sort\nOf\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nNew guidelines recommend larger cages for families of mice and rats who\nare used in invasive research. But the recommended sizes are\nridiculously small and are not hard-and-fast rules. Yet researchers are\nin a tizzy about the added costs to their work. Mice and rats are highly\nsentient and emotional beings who display empathy. They deserve far more\nprotection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201201/snowboarding-crow-playing-and-having-fun\"\u003eA Snowboarding Crow Playing and Having\nFun\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWatch a \u0026ldquo;snowboarding crow\u0026rdquo; obviously having fun. Many animals love to\nplay and when they can\u0026rsquo;t find a friend with whom to romp they entertain\nthemselves. We can learn a lot about ourselves by watching other animals\nplay.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201201/whales-and-dolphins-play-great-lift-thatll-make-your-day\"\u003eWhales and Dolphins at Play: A Great Lift That\u0026rsquo;ll Make Your\nDay\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWatch wild humpback whales and bottlenose dolphins play with one another\nand smile, smile, smile. This is a great example of cooperation between\ntwo amazing species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201201/they-kill-sheep-dont-they-my-deep-apologies\"\u003eThey Kill Sheep, Don\u0026rsquo;t They? My Deep\nApologies\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA video showing a soldier ruthlessly beating a sheep, most likely to\ndeath, has surfaced. My deep regrets and apologies for posting it - I\nadmit I sobbed when I saw it - but something has to be done about this\nhorrific event. It is an insult to all human beings, especially those\nwho honorably serve our country.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201201/are-you-the-right-mate-the-medias-misuse-chimpanzees\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;Are You with the Right Mate?\u0026rdquo; The Media\u0026rsquo;s Misuse of\nChimpanzees\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe misrepresentation of animals influences how they are perceived and\nthese misperceptions are known to be harmful to the conservation status\nof these endangered beings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201201/drowning-rats-and-human-depression-positive-psychology-whom\"\u003eDrowning Rats and Human Depression: Positive Psychology for\nWhom?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDoes exposing rats to aggressive encounters and making them swim until\nthey give up hope and drown really have anything to do with human\ndepression? Not really, yet horrific experiments continue under the\nguise of positive psychology.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201201/chimpanzees-i-know-what-you-dont\"\u003eChimpanzees: I Know What You\nDon\u0026rsquo;t\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDuring the past few years we\u0026rsquo;ve learned amazing facts about the\nastonishing cognitive, emotional, and moral lives of other animals. And\n2012 is starting off with a bang as we learn that chimpanzees know what\nothers don\u0026rsquo;t know and tell them about the presence of dangerous snakes.\nThese field data suggest that chimpanzees have a theory of mind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201112/dead-cow-walking-the-case-against-born-again-carnivorism\"\u003eDead Cow Walking: The Case Against Born-Again\nCarnivorism\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nCows, pigs, chickens, and other animals raised for food are sentient\nbeings who have rich emotional lives. No matter how \u0026ldquo;humanely\u0026rdquo; they\u0026rsquo;re\nraised, their lives can be cashed out simply as \u0026ldquo;dead cow/pig/chicken\nwalking.\u0026rdquo; Whom we choose to eat is a matter of life and death.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201112/heartless-hunting-maiming-then-killing-deer-no-remorse\"\u003eHeartless Hunting: Maiming Then Killing Deer With No\nRemorse\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe writer of a failed attempt at a poetic essay claims \u0026ldquo;I hate to kill\u0026rdquo;\nbut nonetheless does it thoroughly irresponsibly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201112/primate-social-behavior-nature-versus-nurture-once-again\"\u003ePrimate Social Behavior: Nature \u0026ldquo;Versus\u0026rdquo; Nurture Once\nAgain?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nGenes seem to play a large role in the social behavior of many nonhuman\nprimates but not for other other species including coyotes and wolves.\nMuch more research is needed to see just how far these new findings\napply as they surely will inform future studies of animal behavior and\nconservation projects. Is it nature and nurture or nature or nurture?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201112/mathematical-pigeons-are-amazing-not-so-surprising\"\u003eMathematical Pigeons Are Amazing But Not So\nSurprising\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nPigeons can learn abstract rules about numbers and these new and\nexciting data support what\u0026rsquo;s long been known about the numerical\ncompetency or \u0026ldquo;counting ability\u0026rdquo; of other captive and wild birds.\nClearly, calling someone a birdbrain is a compliment. Bird brains are\nvery active and their cognitive abilities rather remarkable and highly\nevolved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201112/rewilding-our-hearts-maintaining-hope-and-faith-in-trying-times\"\u003eRewilding Our Hearts: Maintaining Hope and Faith in Trying\nTimes\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn troubled times it\u0026rsquo;s difficult to remain hopeful and positive. Here I\noffer some practical guidelines for a new positive and personal social\nmovement that is based on rewilding our hearts. Not only will nonhuman\nanimals and their homes benefit, but so will we as we make a major\nparadigm shift\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201112/empathic-rats-and-ravishing-ravens\"\u003eEmpathic Rats and Ravishing\nRavens\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nRats and ravens caution us about proudly tooting our \u0026ldquo;aren\u0026rsquo;t we special\u0026rdquo;\nhorn. A new study shows rats display empathy-driven behavior to help\nother rats in distress while another has demonstrated that ravens use\nbody language and gestures to communicate with other ravens.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201112/tool-use-dingo-and-dog\"\u003eTool Use by a Dingo and a\nDog\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nRead about and watch Stirling, a young male dingo, use a tool, and also\nabout Grendel, a dog, make and use a back scratcher from a bone. As time\ngoes on more and more animals are observed making and using tools.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201112/chimpanzees-in-research-lies-lies-and-more-lies\"\u003eChimpanzees in Research: Lies, Lies, and More\nLies\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nResearchers who abuse chimpanzees act as if moratoriums and agreements\ndon\u0026rsquo;t matter, as if they\u0026rsquo;re above it all. They\u0026rsquo;re not and each of us can\neasily do something now to stop the continued abuse of chimpanzees in\ninvasive research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201111/grief-mourning-and-broken-hearted-animals\"\u003eGrief, Mourning, and Broken Hearted\nAnimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThere\u0026rsquo;s no doubt many animals grieve the loss of family and friends.\nMounting evidence clearly shows we\u0026rsquo;re not the only animals who possess\nthe cognitive and emotional capacities for suffering the loss of others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201111/minding-animals-persons-beatrice-my-mother-and-jethro-my-dog\"\u003eMinding Animals as Persons: Beatrice, My Mother, and Jethro, My\nDog\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMy mother Beatrice and my dog Jethro shared many traits that warrant\ncalling a being a person. When my mother suffered serious physical and\npsychological decline she was still considered a person as she well\nshould have been. Yet Jethro and other animals do not warrant that\nstatus. Nothing is lost by viewing nonhuman animals as persons.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201111/what-in-the-world-do-my-essays-have-do-psychology\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;What In the World Do My Essays Have To Do With\nPsychology?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nKnowing about nonhuman animals has everything to do with human\npsychology. What we think, know, feel, and believe about animals should\nstrongly influence how we interact with them but often it doesn\u0026rsquo;t.\nAnimals are merely property in the eyes of the law and enjoy little to\nno legal standing. This, in and of itself, tells us lots about human\npsychology.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201111/circuses-wild-animals-do-not-belong-in-the-cruelest-show-earth\"\u003eCircuses: Wild Animals Do Not Belong in the Cruelest Show on\nEarth\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nCircuses do nothing for the animals themselves or for other members of\ntheir species despite claims to the contrary. Circuses make no\ncontributions to conservation. They serve no purpose other than\n\u0026ldquo;entertainment\u0026rdquo; if you dare to call watching abused and terrorized\nanimals performing stupid and unnatural tricks \u0026ldquo;entertainment\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201111/what-makes-us-uniquely-human\"\u003eWhat Makes Us Uniquely\nHuman?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAre we the only animals who mentally time travel and have a theory of\nmind? Some people think so but there are data that suggest we\u0026rsquo;re not.\nAre we exceptional in some ways? Yes we are but so are other animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201111/rampant-wolf-killing-makes-some-people-happy\"\u003eRampant Wolf Killing Makes Some People\nHappy\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn just 2 weeks 44 wolves have been killed, or as some say \u0026ldquo;bagged,\u0026rdquo; in\nMontana. Some people actually find the deplorable slaughter of these\nmagnificent animals makes them happy and to be encouraging. How in the\nworld did such shameful and sick attitudes toward sentient beings ever\nevolve? Would they kill their dog? I\u0026rsquo;m afraid to ask.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201110/whales-in-captivity-are-they-legally-slaves\"\u003eWhales in Captivity: Are They Legally\nSlaves?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDoes keeping whales (and perhaps other animals) in captivity violate the\n13th Amendment ban on slavery? A pending lawsuit can change how we\nperceive and use other animals. It surely will lead to much needed\ndiscussion about the ways in which humans wantonly and routinely use and\nabuse animals in entertainment and in other venues.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201110/fish-dont-being-hooked\"\u003eFish Don\u0026rsquo;t Like Being\nHooked\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nFish are sentient beings who don\u0026rsquo;t like being hooked either in their\nmouth by a human or by other fish whom they punish when they steal their\nfood.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201110/is-eating-dogs-different-eating-cows-and-pigs\"\u003eIs Eating Dogs Different from Eating Cows and\nPigs?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA cancelled dog-eating festival in China has raised strong world-wide\nprotest as it should. And so should the horrific conditions in which\nfactory farmed animals are forced to live before they go to slaughter\nand as they\u0026rsquo;re being killed. We must face our choices in food head-on\nand be consistent about who winds up in our mouth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201110/bloodbath-in-ohio-numerous-exotic-animals-killed-after-being-freed\"\u003eBloodbath in Ohio: Numerous Exotic Animals Killed After Being\nFreed\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nNumerous exotic animals were killed in Ohio after they were released\nfrom a private reserve. No humans were attacked. It\u0026rsquo;s too late to bring\nthese animals back and give them the life they deserved. But regulations\nand laws about keeping unprotected exotic animals must be implemented\nand vigorously enforced.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201109/911-dogs-the-devoted-dozen-who-still-bless-our-lives\"\u003e9/11 Dogs: The Devoted Dozen Who Still Bless Our\nLives\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nTwelve rescue dogs who worked tirelessly and selflessly during the chaos\nof 9/11 still survive. Say hello, read about them and see wonderful\nportraits in a collection called \u0026ldquo;Retrieved\u0026rdquo;, and send your very best\nwishes to these amazing dog beings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201109/moon-bears-wasps-and-sexy-seals-animals-arent-dumb\"\u003eMoon bears, wasps, and sexy seals: Animals aren\u0026rsquo;t\ndumb\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDoctors call for the closure of cruel bear farms across Asia, wasps\nrecognize individual faces, and female sea lions appear to be more in\ncontrol of sex than previously thought. Animals are not dumb. They\u0026rsquo;re\nsentient, smart, and emotional, and can reason about the effects of\ntheir behavior. This is a photo of Jonah, a moon bear on his way to\nfreedom.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201108/chimpanzees-in-the-crossfire-are-they-cleverer-us\"\u003eChimpanzees In the Crossfire: Are They Cleverer Than\nUs?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWe shouldn\u0026rsquo;t be asking who\u0026rsquo;s cleverer than whom. Rather, we should ask\nwhat individuals of different species need to do to be card-carrying\nmembers of their species. This information will help us learn more about\nwho we are and who \u0026ldquo;they\u0026rdquo; are and help us protect them in captivity and\nin the wild.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201108/animal-and-humans-meaningful-meetings-common-minds\"\u003eAnimal and Humans: Meaningful Meetings of Common\nMinds\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nInternational meetings and growing general interest show that animals\nmatter. A recent gathering concerned with social justice and the\ntreatment and conservation of great apes, hosted by the Arcus\nFoundation, made it abundantly clear that we all must be concerned with\nhow these and other amazing beings are treated and do something now to\nimprove their (and our) lives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201108/boobies-in-the-news-birds-is\"\u003eBoobies In the News (Birds That\nIs)\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAbused baby boobies grow up to be abusers themselves. This is the first\nevidence from a wild animal that, as in humans, abuse can be socially\ntransmitted to future generations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201107/animal-minds-and-the-foible-human-exceptionalism\"\u003eAnimal Minds and the Foible of Human\nExceptionalism\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHuman exceptionalism, the belief that human beings have special status\nbased on our unique capacities, is misleading and has serious social,\npolitical, and environmental consequences for how we treat other animals\nand their homes. We need to be more humble and act with greater\ncompassion and empathy for other beings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201107/slaughtering-sentience-rampant-killing-wildlife-our-government-continues\"\u003eSlaughtering Sentience: Rampant killing of wildlife by our government\ncontinues\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWildlife Services, a branch of the United States Department of\nAgriculture, ruthlessly kills millions of animals. In 2010 they\nslaughtered more than five million animals and spent more than $126\nmillion to do so with no concern for the well-being of their victims.\nThe amount of pain, suffering, and death for which they\u0026rsquo;re responsible\nis reprehensible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201106/are-great-apes-ultraviolent\"\u003eAre great apes\n\u0026ldquo;ultraviolent\u0026rdquo;?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSensationalist media often misrepresents other primates as violent\nbeings, but available data show this is not the case. Across the board,\ngreat apes and other animals are predominantly cooperative. Of course,\nthere are very rare examples of what could be called evil violence, but\nwe should not use nonhumans to justify our evil ways.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201106/emotional-honeybees-and-brainy-jellyfish-more-surprises-in-animal-behavi\"\u003eEmotional honeybees and brainy jellyfish: More \u0026ldquo;surprises\u0026rdquo; in animal\nbehavior\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHoneybees display pessimism and jellyfish make complex decisions using a\nbrain. The more we study fascinating animals the more we learn about\ntheir cognitive and emotional capacities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201105/animals-in-the-news-self-aware-chimpanzees-doomed-wolves-and-retired-rac\"\u003eAnimals in the news: Self-aware chimpanzees, doomed wolves, and retired\nrace\nhorses\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWe continue to learn fascinating facts about the cognitive and emotional\ncapacities of other animals and continue to mistreat them with little or\nno concern for their well-being. It\u0026rsquo;s time for a widespread social\nmovement, a revolution of sorts. It ain\u0026rsquo;t rocket science. Other animals\ntruly depend on our goodwill and we can all do something to help them\nalong.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201104/dog-killed-wildlife-services-the-horrific-war-wildlife-knows-no-bounds-o\"\u003eDog Killed by Wildlife Services: The Horrific War On Wildlife Knows No\nBounds or\nDecency\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nGovernment workers continue to ruthlessly kill wildlife and domesticated\nanimals, showing no regard for the safety of people, including children,\nand their companion animals. Bella, a dog who died because Wildlife\nServices blatantly ignored EPA directives, would still be alive if they\nshowed any common sense and decency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201104/the-human-animal-bond-revisited-power-is-not-license-do-what-we-please-b\"\u003eThe human-animal bond revisited: Power is not license to do what we\nplease because we\ncan\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWayne Pacelle\u0026rsquo;s book about our kinship with other animals is a must\nread. Readers will learn a lot about the other beings with whom we share\nEarth and also about the issues with which we must deal as we move into\nthe 21st century. Every individual counts and each of us can easily make\npositive differences in the lives of animals with little effort.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201103/the-moral-lives-animals-what-did-herman-melville-have-say-about-animals\"\u003eThe moral lives of animals: What did Herman Melville have to say about\nanimals?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMany animals display moral intelligence in various social situations.\nThis new and highly original book summarizes what we know and also\nprovides numerous exciting ideas for future research and debate. It\u0026rsquo;s no\nlonger nature red in tooth and claw.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201103/caring-about-animal-abuse-has-lot-do-human-psychology\"\u003eCaring about animal abuse has a lot to do with human\npsychology\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOur relationships with other animals require psychological studies.\nConservation psychology, conservation education, and humane education\ncan help us further our understanding of how we relate to other animals\nand what we can and must do to improve these interactions for their\nwell-being and ours. When animals lose, we lose.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201103/victims-vanity-wearing-animals-is-donning-pain-and-suffering\"\u003eVictims of vanity: Wearing animals is donning pain and\nsuffering\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe fur industry is guilty of untold torture and tries to hide it. There\nare numerous and easy ways to buy non-animal clothing alternatives and\neach of us can remove reprehensible cruelty from the world if we made\nmore humane and ethical choices. There is no reason at all to wear\nanimals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201103/empathic-chickens-and-cooperative-elephants-emotional-intelligence-expan\"\u003eEmpathic chickens and cooperative elephants: Emotional intelligence\nexpands its range\nagain\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nChickens feel one another\u0026rsquo;s pain and elephants know when they need help\nand cooperate with one another to obtain a reward. When you eat chicken\nyou\u0026rsquo;re eating pain and misery and it\u0026rsquo;s a matter of who\u0026rsquo;s for dinner, not\nwhat\u0026rsquo;s for dinner, because these amazing birds are highly sentient\nbeings, as are elephants and numerous other animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201103/killing-animals-redux-animal-damage-control-means-unrelenting-slaughter-\"\u003eKilling animals redux: Animal damage control means unrelenting\nslaughter and a huge waste of\nmoney\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe 80th anniversary of the Animal Damage Control Act is a time for\nmourning. Animal genocide continues and the \u0026ldquo;problems\u0026rdquo; that prompt this\nwanton killing aren\u0026rsquo;t solved. What a waste of $120 million.\nCommunity-based programs, such as the Marin County Strategic Plan for\nProtection of Livestock and Wildlife, are more humane and more effective\nalternatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201102/wolves-in-the-crosshairs-once-again-politicians-attempt-sidestep-the-end\"\u003eWolves in the crosshairs once again: Politicians attempt to sidestep\nthe Endangered Species\nAct\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAttempts to fast track delisting wolves crosses party lines and\nconveniently ignores science. Montana Democratic senators Max Baucus and\nJon Tester have proposed another delisting bill despite a federal court\nruling that said that wolves should be protected by the Endangered\nSpecies Act.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201102/whipping-horses-doesnt-work-and-new-observations-grief-in-chimpanzees\"\u003eWhipping horses doesn\u0026rsquo;t work and new observations of grief in\nchimpanzees\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nResearch shows that whipping horses doesn\u0026rsquo;t make a difference in races\nand new observations show that chimpanzees mourn dead infants. Once\nagain science shows how we can improve our relationships with animals\nwho we use for entertainment and how remarkable other animals are.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201101/kids-animals-what-are-they-thankful-and-what-are-their-dreams\"\u003eKids \u0026amp; animals: What are they thankful for and what are their\ndreams?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nKids can tell us how we should treat other animals. We should listen to\nthem. A new book offers a unique glimpse of what kids around the world\nare thankful for and what their dreams and hopes are. The book centers\non the guiding principles of Jane Goodall\u0026rsquo;s world-wide Roots \u0026amp; Shoots\nprogram.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201101/animal-genocide-government-style-our-tax-dollars-work\"\u003eAnimal genocide government style: Our tax dollars at\nwork\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOur government wantonly and discompassionately slaughters millions of\nanimals a year using our tax dollars. Ecosystems are also destroyed by\nthis horrific and reprehensible killing. We need to stop this\nunrelenting war on wildlife and foster coexistence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201101/do-fish-feel-pain-redux-interview-the-author-who-shows-course-they-do\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;Do fish feel pain?\u0026rdquo; redux: An interview with the author who shows of\ncourse they\ndo\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nFish feel pain and are far more intelligent than previously thought. The\nUnited States is ten years behind Europe concerning the keeping and\nkilling of fish claims the author of \u0026ldquo;Do Fish Feel Pain?\u0026rdquo;, who supports\nsport fishing and eats fish. This is important to note because caring\nabout animal welfare is not a \u0026ldquo;radical\u0026rdquo; point of view as some claim.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201012/dog-learns-more-1000-names-and-chimpanzees-make-dolls\"\u003eDog learns more than 1000 names and chimpanzees make\ndolls\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIncreasing evidence shows just how smart and creative animals can be.\nIt\u0026rsquo;s best to keep an open mind about the cognitive skills of other\nanimals because \u0026ldquo;surprises\u0026rdquo; are regularly forthcoming.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201012/cruelty-cant-stand-the-spotlight-ending-animal-abuse-is-merely-click-awa\"\u003eCruelty can\u0026rsquo;t stand the spotlight: Ending animal abuse is merely a\nclick away so let\u0026rsquo;s make it a New Year\u0026rsquo;s\nresolution\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s easy to end animal abuse with a few clicks of your mouse. Cruelty\ncan\u0026rsquo;t stand the spotlight and each of us can make a positive difference\nin the lives of billions of animals. Please place ending animal abuse\nhigh among your New Year\u0026rsquo;s resolutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201012/kangaroos-these-iconic-animals-are-relentlessly-slaughtered-throughout-a\"\u003eKangaroos: These iconic animals are relentlessly slaughtered throughout\nAustralia and they shouldn\u0026rsquo;t\nbe\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThese iconic animals deserve to be treated with dignity and respect.\nThey\u0026rsquo;re not. Kangaroos, including young joeys, are killed by the\nmillions each year. Scientists have shown there\u0026rsquo;s little evidence to\nsupport this wanton slaughter. Let\u0026rsquo;s stop the slaughter and make this\nthe century of compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201012/dead-cow-walking-0\"\u003eDead Cow\nWalking\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nNational Hamburger Day is a celebration that shouldn\u0026rsquo;t happen. Eating\ncows causes unnecessary suffering and death and is risky because of the\nserious diseases they carry from their lives on factory farms. Benefits\nof making humane choices are supported by solid scientific research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201011/jane-goodall-brief-glimpse-most-amazing-woman\"\u003eJane Goodall: A brief glimpse of a most amazing\nwoman\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWhat an amazing and unanticipated life was awaiting Jane Goodall after\nshe arrived at the Gombe Stream reserve 50 years ago. It frightens me to\nthink where we would be if she hadn\u0026rsquo;t made that fateful trip to East\nAfrica in 1960.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201011/motherhood-lessons-dolphins\"\u003eMotherhood: Lessons from\ndolphins\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nGood mothering in dolphins is socially determined not genetic. Social\nfactors rather than genes influence reproductive success in dolphins.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201010/crows-and-tools-calling-someone-birdbrain-can-be-compliment\"\u003eCrows and tools: Calling someone a birdbrain can be a\ncompliment\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nYoung crows learn to make complex tools in \u0026rsquo;tool school\u0026rsquo; by watching\nadults. Being a birdbrain isn\u0026rsquo;t really an insult.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201010/bees-versus-computers-pea-brained-bees-win-the-traveling-salesman-proble\"\u003eBees versus computers: Pea-brained bees win the \u0026ldquo;traveling salesman\nproblem\u0026rdquo;\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nTiny bee brains beat computers in solving the \u0026ldquo;traveling salesman\nproblem.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201008/compassionate-conservation-finally-comes-age-killing-in-the-name-conserv\"\u003eCompassionate Conservation Finally Comes of Age: Killing in the name of\nconservation doesn\u0026rsquo;t\nwork\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nCompassionate conservation is no longer an oxymoron. Ethics must be\nfirmly implanted in conservation biology, even if difficult questions\nmove us outside of our professional and personal comfort zones. Ethical\nquestions must be addressed, even if asking them means some projects\nmight be put on hold temporarily or abandoned.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201008/oh-i-know-animals-suffer-i-love-my-steak-the-self-serving-resolution-the\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;Oh, I know animals suffer, but I love my steak\u0026rdquo;: The self-serving\nresolution of the \u0026ldquo;meat\nparadox\u0026rdquo;\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMany people continue to eat animals knowing they suffer before they wind\nup at the end of their fork. A new study shows that the \u0026ldquo;meat paradox\u0026rdquo;\nis resolved for some by denying moral status and emotions to meat\nanimals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201007/dogs-know-what-others-know-some-new-and-exciting-findings-about-our-best\"\u003eDogs know what others know: Some new and exciting findings about our\nbest\nfriends\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDogs show evidence of having a theory of mind in that they are able to\nattribute beliefs and knowledge to others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201007/demonic-warlike-animals-are-the-rare-exception-not-the-rule-wild-justice\"\u003eDemonic, Warlike Animals Are the Rare Exception, Not the Rule: Wild\nJustice In Animals\nRedux\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThere is no evidence that animals are inherently warlike. We need to\nstop using animals to justify our own cruel, evil, and warlike behavior.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201006/compassionate-squirrels-and-good-people-helping-oiled-and-other-wildlife\"\u003eCompassionate squirrels and good people helping oiled and other\nwildlife\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSquirrels and people display compassion and Zimbabwe calls off a\nwildlife trade deal with the Democratic People\u0026rsquo;s Republic of Korea\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201006/meat-sex-blown-fact\"\u003eMeat for sex? A blown\n\u0026ldquo;fact\u0026rdquo;\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMale chimpanzees don\u0026rsquo;t trade meat for sex as previously assumed. So,\nbartering for sex in humans might be a more recent phenomenon.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201005/animals-kids-and-slaughterhouse-effects-crime-some-recent-findings\"\u003eAnimals, kids, and slaughterhouse effects on crime: Some recent\nfindings\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nKid\u0026rsquo;s reasoning about animals is not universal and research shows a\nrelationship between the presence of slaughterhouses and an increase in\nlocal crime.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201005/apes-say-no-head-shake-animals-are-lefties-and-righties-and-getting-out-\"\u003eApes say \u0026ldquo;no\u0026rdquo; with a head shake, animals are lefties and righties, and\ngetting out in nature is good.\nDuh!\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimals say \u0026ldquo;no\u0026rdquo; by shaking their head and show handedness. While we are\ndifferent from other animals we are also rather similar. And, being \u0026ldquo;out\nin nature\u0026rdquo; is good for us. Duh!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201004/using-hamsters-save-ferrets-the-need-compassionate-conservation\"\u003eUsing hamsters to save ferrets: The need for compassionate\nconservation\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHamsters for dinner? Golden hamsters are bred solely to be used to train\nblack-footed ferrets to kill. The harm done to hamsters violates ethical\nprinciples because it constitutes premeditated and intentional harm that\ncould easily be avoided.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201004/fish-do-feel-pain-yes-they-do-science-tells-us\"\u003eFish do feel pain: Yes they do, science tells\nus\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nFish do feel pain, so they do not like being hooked even if they\u0026rsquo;re\ntossed back in the water\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201004/mice-are-lousy-models-clinical-studies-animal-models-in-biomedical-resea\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;Mice are lousy models for clinical studies\u0026rdquo;: Animal models in\nbiomedical\nresearch\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nPublication bias leads to major overstatement of efficacy. It\u0026rsquo;s time to\ndevelop non-animal models that are more reliable and more ethical\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201002/animal-abuse-the-need-registry\"\u003eAnimal Abuse: The Need For a\nRegistry\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMuch research has shown a close relationship between animal and human\nabuse.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201002/going-slaughter-should-animals-hope-meet-temple-grandin\"\u003eGoing to slaughter: Should animals hope to meet Temple\nGrandin?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe lives of slaughterhouse animals are marked by constant fear, terror,\nand anxiety and cannot be made humane by any acceptable definition of\nthe word\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201002/tool-use-in-animals-mammals-birds-and-other-animals-make-and-use-tools-a\"\u003eTool use in animals: Mammals, birds, and other animals make and use\ntools and do other \u0026ldquo;surprising\u0026rdquo;\nthings\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMammals, birds, and other animals make and use tools and show many other\ncomplex patterns of behavior\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201002/whos-moral-were-not-alone-in-the-moral-arena\"\u003eWho\u0026rsquo;s moral? We\u0026rsquo;re not alone in the moral\narena\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWe\u0026rsquo;re not alone in the moral arena - a follow-up\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/201001/are-nonhuman-animals-more-moral-human-animals-yes-they-are\"\u003eAre nonhuman animals more moral than human animals? Yes they\nare\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHumans and nonhuman animals are highly cooperative and empathic, more so\nthan we\u0026rsquo;ve previously believed. And you donגā‚¬ā„¢t find mass warfare in\nanimals as you do in humans so if you want to cast it that way, you\ncould say animals are more moral.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200912/do-less-harm-ants-and-simple-new-years-resolution\"\u003eDo Less Harm: Ants and a Simple New Years\nResolution\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAnts are amazing animals. Cutting off their legs isn\u0026rsquo;t a mere\n\u0026ldquo;makeover.\u0026rdquo; What did the ants think and feel about being mutilated?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200912/who-we-eat-is-moral-question-vegans-have-nothing-defend\"\u003eWho we eat is moral question: Vegans have nothing to\ndefend\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nVegans don\u0026rsquo;t have to apologize for, or defend, their humane and ethical\nchoices of who to put in their mouth\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200911/do-animals-have-spiritual-experiences-yes-they-do\"\u003eDo animals have spiritual experiences? Yes they\ndo\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAvailable evidence says \u0026ldquo;Yes, animals can have spiritual experiences.\u0026rdquo;\nWe are not alone in the emotional, moral, or spiritual arenas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200911/animal-love-hot-blooded-elephants-guppy-love-and-love-dogs\"\u003eAnimal love: Hot-blooded elephants, guppy love, and love\ndogs\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nLove is a troubling, confusing, and mysterious emotion in humans but\nmaybe less so in animals. People don\u0026rsquo;t hesitate to say they love another\nindividual - human or nonhuman - and then intentionally harm them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200910/grief-in-animals-its-arrogant-think-were-the-only-animals-who-mourn\"\u003eGrief in animals: It\u0026rsquo;s arrogant to think we\u0026rsquo;re the only animals who\nmourn\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThere is no doubt that many animals experience rich and deep emotions.\nIt\u0026rsquo;s not a matter of if emotions have evolved in animals but why they\nhave evolved as they have. We must never forget that our emotions are\nthe gifts of our ancestors, our animal kin. We have feelings and so do\nother animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200910/morality-in-tooth-and-claw\"\u003eMorality in Tooth and\nClaw\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimals are \u0026ldquo;in.\u0026rdquo; This might well be called the decade of the animal.\nResearch on animal behavior has never been more vibrant and more\nrevealing of the amazing cognitive, emotional, and moral capacities of a\nbroad range of animals. It\u0026rsquo;s becoming clear that animals have both\nemotional and moral intelligences.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200909/animal-emotions-animal-sentience-animal-welfare-and-animal-rights\"\u003eAnimal Emotions, Animal Sentience, Animal Welfare, and Animal\nRights\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nLabeling an individual an animal \u0026ldquo;welfarist\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;rightist\u0026rdquo; connotes\nimportant messages about their views on animal exploitation and animal\nprotection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200909/factory-farming-without-animal-suffering-isnt-okay\"\u003eFactory Farming Without Animal Suffering Isn\u0026rsquo;t\nOkay\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nEven if animals don\u0026rsquo;t feel pain that\u0026rsquo;s no reason to keep them on factory\nfarms or even to eat them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200909/animals-feelings-and-fur-who-not-what-we-wear-is-ethical-choice\"\u003eAnimals Feelings and Fur: Who (Not What) We Wear is An Ethical\nChoice\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIf one doubts that animals have deep feelings consider what they endure\nas they become unnecessary clothing. It\u0026rsquo;s easy to say that animals used\nfor fur (and leather) don\u0026rsquo;t like how they\u0026rsquo;re treated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200908/individual-animals-count-speciesism-doesnt-work\"\u003eIndividual Animals Count: Speciesism Doesn\u0026rsquo;t\nWork\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSpare the chimps, boil the shrimps, shock the mice, kill the lice, eat\nthe hogs, pith the frogs, blind the rabbits, what drives these habits?\nMuch animal use is driven by the similarities rather than the\ndifferences between humans and other animals. Philosopher Lynne Sharpe\npoints out that how we explore and ponder the similarities and\ndifferences among animals depends on how we define ourselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200908/conservation-psychology-and-animal-and-human-well-being-scientists-must-\"\u003eConservation Psychology and Animal and Human\nWell-being\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOur relationships with animals are frustrating, challenging, paradoxical\nand range all over the place. We love animals and harm them in a myriad\nof ways and many people wonder not only why we continue to do this but\nalso what we can do to give animals the respect, compassion, and love\nthey deserve. A relatively new and rapidly emerging field called\nconservation psychology can help us improve our relationships with other\nanimals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200907/fox-cougar-and-funeral\"\u003eA fox, a cougar, and a\nfuneral\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMany animals have rich and deep emotional lives. A few years ago I was\nlucky enough to observe a funeral ritual by a female red fox. Others\nhave also seen similar events. In 1947 a naturalist on the East Coast\nsaw a male fox lick his mate as she lay dead, and the male also\nprotected his mate quite vigorously.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200907/do-animals-know-who-they-are\"\u003eDo Animals Know Who they\nAre?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDid David Graybeard, the chimpanzee who was first observed to use a tool\nby Jane Goodall, have any idea of who he was? Do elephants, dolphins,\ncats, magpies, mice, salmon, ants or bees know who they are? Was Jethro,\nmy late companion dog, a self-conscious being? Do any of these animals\nhave a sense of self? What do these animals make of themselves when they\nlook in a mirror, see their reflection in water, hear their own or\nanother\u0026rsquo;s song or howl, or smell themselves and others? Is it possible\nthat self-awareness \u0026ldquo;Wow that\u0026rsquo;s me!\u0026rdquo; is a uniquely human trait?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200907/stalking-hunting-stress-and-emotion\"\u003eStalking, Hunting, Stress, and\nEmotion\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nLet\u0026rsquo;s face it, \u0026ldquo;gone huntin\u0026rsquo;\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;gone fishin\u0026rsquo;\u0026rdquo; usually mean \u0026ldquo;gone\nkillin\u0026rsquo;.\u0026rdquo; But death is often a blessing, a relief from the pain and\nsuffering of being stalked, crippled or mutilated, and dying agonizingly\nslowly. Some who hunt and fish truly enjoy the richness of the\nexperience, but they don\u0026rsquo;t want to make animals suffer. Perhaps if they\nfully realized the intense pain and suffering for which they\u0026rsquo;re\nresponsible while stalking, they\u0026rsquo;d forego the emotional rush of the\nexperience. And, there are lots of ways to experience nature and have\nquality time with family and friends without intruding on, and\nstressing, injuring, or killing, other animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200907/animals-lives-matter-sentience-and-feelings-count\"\u003eAnimals\u0026rsquo; lives matter: Sentience and feelings\ncount\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nNonhuman animals have many of the same feelings we do and share the same\nneural structures that are important in processing emotions. So, why do\nwe unrelentingly slaughter sentience? Animals experience contagious joy\nand the deepest of grief, they get hurt and suffer, and they take care\nof one another. They have a point of view on what happens to them, their\nfamilies, and their friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200906/animal-emotions-and-beastly-passions-were-not-the-only-emotional-beings\"\u003eAnimal Emotions and Beastly Passions: We\u0026rsquo;re Not the Only Emotional\nBeings\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAs a scientist who\u0026rsquo;s studied animal emotions for more than 30 years, I\nconsider myself very fortunate. I love what I do. I love learning about\nanimals, and I love sharing what my colleagues and I discover with\nothers. Whenever I observe or work with animals, I get to contribute to\n\u0026ldquo;science\u0026rdquo; and develop social relationships same time, and to me, there\u0026rsquo;s\nno conflict between these activities. Emotions are the gifts of our\nancestors. We have them and so do other animals. We must never forget\nthat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200906/anthropomorphic-double-talk-can-animals-be-happy-not-unhappy-no\"\u003eAnthropomorphic Double-Talk: Can Animals Be Happy But Not Unhappy?\nNo!\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOver the years Iגā‚¬ā„¢ve noticed a curious phenomena. If a scientist says\nthat an animal is happy, no one questions it, but if a scientist says\nthat an animal is unhappy, then charges of anthropomorphism are\nimmediately raised. This \u0026ldquo;anthropomorphic double-talk\u0026rdquo; seems mostly\naimed at letting humans feel better about themselves. It is very\nmisleading.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/animal-emotions/200906/wild-justice-and-moral-intelligence-in-animals\"\u003eWild Justice and Moral Intelligence in\nAnimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDo animals have a sense of morality? Do they know right from wrong? In\nour forthcoming book, Wild Justice: The Moral Lives of Animals,\nphilosopher Jessica Pierce and I argue that the answer to both of these\nquestions is a resounding \u0026ldquo;yes.\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;Ought\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;should\u0026rdquo; regarding what\u0026rsquo;s\nright and what\u0026rsquo;s wrong play important roles in the social interactions\nof animals, just as they do in ours.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"papers-with-abstracts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePapers (with abstracts) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#papers-with-abstracts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of these items have been found through \u003ca href=\"http://scholar.google.ca/scholar?q=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;btnG=Search\u0026amp;as_sdt=1,5\u0026amp;as_sdtp=on\"\u003eGoogle\nScholar\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/3503817\"\u003eCanis latrans\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Mammalian Species, 1977 - JSTOR Canis latrans Say, in James,\n1823: 168.\u003cbr\u003e\nType locality Engineer Cantonment, about 19.2 km SE present town of\nBlair, Washington Co., Nebraska. Canis ochropus Eschscholtz (1829: 1).\nType locality Sacramento River Valley near Sacramento, California.\nLyciscus cagottis ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2460326\"\u003eMammalian dispersal and the ontogeny of individual behavioral\nphenotypes\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - American Naturalist, 1977 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nExplanations of dispersal mechanisms in mammals that have stressed the\nimportance of aggression by dominant (?) individuals as the immediate\ncause of the dispersal of less aggressive (more subordinate?)\nindividuals are insufficient for explaining recent data collected on a\nvariety of mammals. In fact, avoidance of social interaction at the time\nof dispersal is more characteristic of some species in which individuals\nemigrate. Studies that have investigated genetic correlates of dispersal\nin rodent populations that undergo regular cycles are few and have not\nprovided any \u0026ldquo;causative\u0026rdquo; explanations. In various canids and rodents,\nbehavioral interactions at the time of dispersal do not appear to\nprovide the necessary stimuli for dispersal. These observations suggest\nthat knowledge of the behavioral interactions that occur before\ndispersal may provide a key to understanding both interspecific and\nintraspecific differences in social organization and dispersal patterns.\nIt is suggested that individuals who have the most difficulty\ninteracting with littermates will not develop strong social ties with\ntheir siblings and will be the most likely individuals to disperse of\ntheir own accord. This hypothesis is testable by collecting data on the\nsocial interaction patterns of individual littermates throughout early\ndevelopment and during dispersal. In this way, the importance of a\nheretofore neglected factor in dispersal-namely, the relationship\nbetween the behavioral antecedents of dispersal and which individuals\ndisperse at what age, and in what manner can be assessed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2664002\"\u003eMammalian play: training for the\nunexpected\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nRC Newberry, Bekoff - Quarterly Review of Biology, 2001 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this review, we present a new conceptual framework for the study of\nplay behavior, a hitherto puzzling array of seemingly purposeless and\nunrelated behavioral elements that are recognizable as play throughout\nthe mammalian lineage.Our major new functional hypothesis is that play\nenables animals to develop flexible kinematic and emotional responses to\nunexpected events in which they experience a sudden loss of control.\nSpecifically, we propose that play functions to increase the versatility\nof movements used to recover from sudden shocks such as loss of balance\nand falling over, and to enhance the ability of animals to cope\nemotionally with unexpected stressful situations. To obtain this\n\u0026ldquo;training for the unexpected,\u0026rdquo; we suggest that animals actively seek and\ncreate unexpected situations in play through self-handicapping; that is,\ndeliberately relaxing control over their movements or actively putting\nthemselves into disadvantageous positions and situations. Thus, play is\ncomprised of sequences in which the players switch rapidly between\nwell-controlled movements similar to those used in \u0026ldquo;serious\u0026rdquo; behavior\nand self-handicapping movements that result in temporary loss of\ncontrol. We propose that this playful switching between in-control and\nout-of-control elements is cognitively demanding, setting phylogenetic\nand ontogenetic constraints on play, and is underlain by\nneuroendocrinological responses that produce a complex emotional state\nknown as \u0026ldquo;having fun.\u0026rdquo; Furthermore, we propose that play is often\nprompted by relatively novel or unpredictable stimuli, and is thus\nrelated to, although distinct from, exploration. We present 24\npredictions that arise from our new theoretical framework, examining the\nextent to which they are supported by the existing empirical evidence\nand contrasting them with the predictions of four major alternative\nhypotheses about play. We argue that our \u0026ldquo;training for the unexpected\u0026rdquo;\nhypothesis can account for some previously puzzling kinematic,\nstructural, motivational, emotional, cognitive, social, ontogenetic, and\nphylogenetic aspects of play. It may also account for a diversity of\nindividual methods for coping with unexpected misfortunes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2820738\"\u003eThe development of social interaction, play, and metacommunication in\nmammals: an ethological\nperspective\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Quarterly Review of Biology, 1972 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nAnalysis of the dynamics of the ontogeny of social interaction is of\ncritical importance in order that behavioral development may be\ncomprehended in its own right, and the relationship between infant and\nadult behavior understood.In this review, general concepts of behavioral\ndevelopment in mammals are discussed and analyzed, and the many\nvariables that are involved are considered. When it is impossible to\ncontrol or observe the social interaction of the developing organism in\nits natural environment, captive subjects should be used. There is\nincreasing evidence that results obtained with the latter are related to\nsocial organization observed in the wild. Play behavior is operationally\ndefined on the basis of a comprehensive review of the literature and of\npersonal observations of the social development of canids. The essential\n\u0026ldquo;need\u0026rdquo; for social interaction during infant life is discussed, as is the\nphenomenon of behavioral neoteny. The concept of metacommunication, and\nits relationship to social development are analyzed, and the role of\nritualization in the evolution of metacommunicative signals is\nconsidered.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/14/1/323.short\"\u003eSocial play and play-soliciting by infant\ncanids\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - American Zoologist, 1974 - Soc Integ Comp Biol Abstract\u003cbr\u003e\nThe development of social interaction was studied in infant coyotes,\nbeagles, and wolves. In this paper, social play behavior is discussed.\nSocial play may be characterized in a number of ways: (i) actions from\nvarious contexts are incorporated into labile (unpredictable) temporal\nsequences; (ii) the play bout is typically preceded by a\nmetacommunicative signal which indicates what follows is play; these\nsignals are also observed during the bout; (iii) certain actions may be\nrepeated and performed in an exaggerated manner; (iv) the activity\nappears pleasurable to the players. By comparing these three species,\nsome insight into the dynamics of social play may be gained. Coyotes\nwere the least successful in soliciting play. When they did play, 90% of\nall bouts had been previously solicited. Coyotes also tended to use the\nmost successful signals most frequently. This trend was not observed in\nthe beagles or the wolves. By taking into account the fact that infant\ncoyotes are significantly more aggressive than either infant wolves or\nbeagles, the differential ontogeny of social play can be explained. Some\nof the functions of social play in canids are discussed, and it is\nconcluded that social play is a valid class of social behavior and lends\nitself nicely to quantitative study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/brill/beh/1995/00000132/F0020005/art00006\"\u003ePlay signals as punctuation: The structure of social play in\ncanids\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Behaviour, 132, 1995 - ingentaconnect.com\u003cbr\u003e\nActions called play signals have evolved in many species in which social\nplay has been observed. Despite there being only few empirical\ndemonstrations, it generally is accepted that play signals are important\nin the initiation (\u0026ldquo;I want to play\u0026rdquo;) and maintenance (\u0026ldquo;I still want to\nplay\u0026rdquo;) of ongoing social play. In this study I consider whether a\nspecific and highly stereotyped signal, the bow, is used to maintain\nsocial play in adult and infant domestic dogs, infant wolves, and infant\ncoyotes.To answer this question the temporal placement of bows relative\nto actions that are also used in other contexts (dominance or predatory\nencounters) such as biting accompanied by rapid side-to-side shaking of\nthe head was analyzed to determine if bows performed during ongoing\nsocial play are used to communicate the message \u0026ldquo;I want to play despite\nwhat I am going to do or just did - I still want to play\u0026rdquo;. The\nnon-random occurrence of bows supports the hypothesis that bows are used\nto maintain social play in these canids when actions borrowed from other\ncontexts, especially biting accompanied by rapid side-to-side shaking of\nthe head, are likely to be misinterpreted. (\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/158/1/199709003.html\"\u003esee\nhtml\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2096947\"\u003eLife history patterns and the comparative social ecology of\ncarnivores\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Daniels, Gittleman - Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,\n1984 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nThe mammalian order Carnivora is characterized by a great range of\nbehavioral, ecological, and morphological adaptations, as well as\nsubstantial intraspecific variability (ie behavioral scaling; see 324).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Social ecology and behavior of\ncoyotes](\u003ca href=\"http://www.rockies.ca/coyotes/files/social\"\u003ehttp://www.rockies.ca/coyotes/files/social\u003c/a\u003e behavior and ecology of coyotes - beckoff.pdf) (pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Wells - Adv. Stud. Behav., 1986 - rockies.ca\u003cbr\u003e\nCoyotes, Canis latrans, are medium-sized members of the order Carnivora\n(weight: about 8-20 kg; length: approximately 1-1.4 m) that range from\nas far south as Costa Rica and Panama (Vaughan, 1983), throughout the\ncontinental United States and Canada, to northern Alaska (Young and\nJackson, 1951; Gier, 1968; Bekoff, 1977a, 1978a, 1982). Within, and\nperhaps outside of, these gener- al boundaries the range of coyotes\nappears to be expanding due primarily to their high reproductive\npotential, great dispersal ability, and opportunistic food habits\n(Vaughan, 1983). Coyote expansion has also been facilitated by the\nelimination of large competitors such as gray wolves (Canis lupus), with\nwhom they usually compete unsuccessfully (Gier, 1975; Carbyn, 1982) and\navoid (Fuller and Keith, 1981). Furthermore, coyotes show a marked\nability to compensate for increased human exploitation (Knowlton, 1972;\nSterling et al., 1983). They are able to exist and reproduce\nsuccessfully in extremely diverse habitats ranging from sea level to\n2000-3000 m, including deserts, open grasslands, broken and dense\nforests, and large cities such as Los Angeles, California (Howell, 1982;\nWirtz et al., 1982). As Gier (1975) stressed, neither altitude,\nlatitude, nor vegetation restricts their survival.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.com/books?hl=en\u0026amp;lr=\u0026amp;id=jkiTQ8dIIHsC\u0026amp;oi=fnd\u0026amp;pg=PA97\u0026amp;dq=Marc+Bekoff\u0026amp;ots=06xiX-5A7r\u0026amp;sig=rQXiMfYvredd_u7jKFTNEq5VFE4\"\u003eIntentional communication and social play: how and why animals\nnegotiate and agree to\nplay\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Allen - Animal play: Evolutionary, comparative, and גā‚¬Ā¦, 1998 -\nbooks.google.com\u003cbr\u003e\nTo return to our immediate subject: the lower animals, like man,\nmanifestly feel pleasure and pain, happiness and misery. Happiness is\nnever better exhibited than by young animals, such as puppies, kittens,\nlambs, \u0026amp;c., when playing together, like our own children. Even insects\nplay together, as has been described by that excellent observer, P.\nHuber, who saw ants chasing and pretending to bite each other, like so\nmany puppies. (Charles Darwin 1871/1936, p.448)\\\\ Pierre Huber (1810,\np. 148), in his book about the behavior of ants, claims that if one were\nnot accustomed to treating insects as machines one would have trouble\nexplaining the social behavior of ants and bees without attributing\nemotions to them. (\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/156/1/199709001.html\"\u003esee\nhtml\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/index/NN2517W56703X533.pdf\"\u003eSimulation analyses of space use: home range estimates, variability,\nand sample\nsize\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Mech - Behavior Research Methods, 1984 - Springer\u003cbr\u003e\nSimulations of space use by animals were run to determine the\nrelationship among home range area estimates, variability, and sample\nsize (number of locations). As sample size increased, home range size\nincreased asymptotically, whereas variability decreased among mean home\nrange area estimates generated by multiple simulations for the same\nsample size. Our results suggest that field workers should ascertain\nbetween 100 and 200 locations in order to estimate reliably home range\narea. In some cases, this suggested guideline is higher than values\nfound in the few published studies in which the relationship between\nhome range area and number of locations is addressed. Sampling\ndifferences for small species occupying relatively small home ranges\nindicate that fewer locations may be sufficient to allow for a reliable\nestimate of home range. Intraspecific variability in social status\n(group member, loner, resident, transient), age, sex, reproductive\ncondition, and food resources also have to be considered, as do season,\nhabitat, and differences in sampling and analytical methods. Comparative\ndata still are needed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1995.tb01096.x/abstract\"\u003eVigilance, flock size, and flock geometry: information gathering by\nwestern evening grosbeaks (Aves,\nFringillidae)\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Ethology, 1995 - Wiley\u003cbr\u003e\nOnline Library Vigilance (scanning) and other behavior patterns were\nstudied in free-ranging Evening Grosbeaks (Coccothraustes vespertinus)\nat feeders to assess how flock size and flock geometry influenced the\nbehavior of individual birds. The present results indicate that the way\nin which individual grosbeaks are positioned with respect to one another\neffects many aspects of their behavior, especially when a flock contains\nfour or more birds. Birds in a linear array who have difficulty seeing\none another, when compared to individuals organized in a circle who can\neasily see one another, are (1) more vigilant, (2) change their head and\nbody positions more often, (3) react to changes in group size more\nslowly, (4) show less coordination in head movements, and (5) show more\nvariability in all measures. These differences in behavior can be\nexplained from a cognitive ethological perspective that favors\nintentional or representational explanations. Specifically, the data\nsuggest that individual grosbeaks, when scanning and moving about, are\nvisually monitoring the flock in which they are feeding and gathering\ninformation about a number of variables including flock size, what\nothers are doing, where others are, which individuals are present,\nphenotypic features of flock members, food resources, or the location of\npotential predators. Individuals likely use visual records of the\nbehavior and perhaps the phenotypic features of others, and this\ninformation influences various aspects of their behavior. (\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/155/1/199708002.html\"\u003esee\nhtml\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/197/4308/1097.short\"\u003eSocial communication in canids: Evidence for the evolution of a\nstereotyped mammalian\ndisplay\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Science, 1977 - sciencemag.org\u003cbr\u003e\nThe variability in the duration and form of the canid play bow was\nstudied in infant coyotes, wolves, wolf-dog hybrids, beagles, and adult\nfree-ranging dogs. Both duration and form showed marked stereotypy. It\nappears that the role of this context-specific social signal in the\ncommunication of play intention has been fostered by selection for\n\u0026ldquo;morphological\u0026rdquo; stereotypy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/imp/jcs/2001/00000008/00000002/1075\"\u003eSocial play behaviour. Cooperation, fairness, trust, and the evolution\nof\nmorality\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2001 - ingentaconnect.com\u003cbr\u003e\nHere I briefly discuss some comparative data on social play behaviour in\nhope of broadening the array of species in which researchers attempt to\nstudy animal morality. I am specifically concerned with the notion of\nגā‚¬Ėœbehaving fairly\u0026rsquo;. In the term גā‚¬Ėœbehaving fairlyגā‚¬ā„¢ I use as a\nworking guide the notion that animals often have social expectations\nwhen they engage in various sorts of social encounters the violation of\nwhich constitutes being treated unfairly because of a lapse in social\netiquette. I will cash this out below in my discussion of social play\nbehaviour. (\u003ca href=\"http://ftp.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/SocialClub/socialPlay.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1982.tb00318.x/abstract\"\u003eGroup size and vigilance in\npronghorns\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nLipetz, Bekoff - Zeitschrift Tierpsychologie, 1982 - Wiley Online\nLibrary\u003cbr\u003e\nThe relationship between group size and vigilance in pronghorn antelopes\n(Antilocapra americana) was examined. As group size increased, the\nproportion of vigilant pronghorns decreased. Individuals in larger\ngroups foraged longer than those in smaller groups. However, only\nsolitary individuals foraged for significantly less time than\nindividuals in all other group sizes. Solitary females with fawns\npresent foraged for significantly less time than solitary males;\nsolitary females without fawns present had intermediate foraging times.\nPeripheral individuals appeared to be more wary than those in the center\nof groups; the first two individuals to lift their heads were more\nlikely to be on the periphery. Individuals lifted their heads at random\nwith respect to one another.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/188555\"\u003eBiological function, adaptation, and natural\ndesign\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAllan, Bekoff - Philosophy of Science, 1995 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nRecently something close to a consensus about the best way to naturalize\nthe notion of biological function appears to be emerging. Nonetheless,\nteleological notions in biology remain controversial.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347281800930\"\u003eAn observational study of scent-marking in coyotes, Canis\nlatrans\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWells, Bekoff - Animal Behaviour, 1981 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nUrination and defaecation patterns of free-ranging coyotes (Canis\nlatrans) were studied in the Grand Teton National Park, Jackson,\nWyoming, for two years. The vast majority of urinations by adult males\nand females were involved in marking, and differentiating between\nmarking and elimination may not be necessary. Our results may be\nsummarized as follows: (1) raised-leg urinations (RLU) performed by\nmales were most frequently used in marking. (2) Females marked\nthroughout the year using the squat (SQU) posture. (3) Snow tracking and\nreading snow sign resulted in a gross underestimate of the relative\nfrequency of SQU\u0026rsquo;s and a large overestimate in the relative frequency of\ndefaecations (DEF) when compared to results obtained by direct\nobservation. (4) There was sexual dimorphism for the contexts in which\nmarking occurred. Overall, marking by males was associated with\ncourtship and mating, with travelling, and with aggression. Marking by\nfemales was associated with the acquisition and possession of food and\nwith the denning season. (5) Marking rates per coyote increased in\ngroups larger than two animals. (6) RLU marking rates were greatest in\nareas of high intrusion when compared to denning areas and areas in\nwhich non-group members infrequently tresscent odours are important in\norienting individuals in space but do not represent in and of themselves\nbarriers to movement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347205806463\"\u003eKin recognition in vertebrates: what do we really know about adaptive\nvalue?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBlaustein, Bekoff, Byers, Daniel - Animal Behaviour, 1991 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nThe ability of an animal to discriminate between kin and non-kin (kin\nrecognition) has been the subject of numerous recent investigations.\nGrafen (Anim. Behav., 1990, 39, 42גā‚¬ā€œ54) recently reported that the\nevidence in support of kin recognition is weak and the data illustrating\na preference for kin to associate in the laboratory may be more\nconsistently explained as species recognition. It is suggested here,\nhowever, that in many cases it may be impossible to distinguish between\nspecies recognition and kin recognition, but in some cases, kin\nrecognition seems apparent. It is also emphasized that very little is\nknown about the adaptive value of kin recognition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169534701022042\"\u003eEcology and social responsibility: the re-embodiment of\nscience\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBradshaw, Bekoff - Trends in Ecology \u0026amp; Evolution, 2001 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nAs global environmental problems intensify, ecology is increasingly\ndrawn into the social arena, and many ecologists feel caught between two\ncompeting models of science: a science apart from society and a science\ndirectly engaged with society. Interdisciplinary research and\nintegrative theories are helping resolve this conflict by providing a\ncommon framework for both biophysical and social sciences. The\nincorporation of the human dimension into ecology is reversing a\ncentury-old trend of separation and reintegrating science into the human\nexperience. ([get\npdf](\u003ca href=\"http://www.kerulos.org/learn_more/pubs_trans_assets/TREE-2001B\"\u003ehttp://www.kerulos.org/learn_more/pubs_trans_assets/TREE-2001B\u003c/a\u003e and B.pdf))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/160\"\u003eCognitive ethology: Slayers, skeptics, and\nproponents\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Allen (1997) Cognitive Ethology: Slayers, Skeptics, and\nProponents.\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this paper we identify three major groups of people (among some of\nwhose members there are blurred distinctions) with different views on\ncognitive ethology, namely, slayers, skeptics, and proponents. Our\nanalyses are based on our reading of some published reviews of Donald\nGriffin\u0026rsquo;s works in cognitive ethology and other clearly stated opinions\nconcerning animal cognition, in the sense of attribution of mental\nstates and properties such as beliefs, awareness, and consciousness.\nSlayers Slayers deny any possibility of success in cognitive ethology.\nIn our analyses of their published statements, we have found that they\nsometimes conflate the difficulty of doing rigorous cognitive\nethological investigations with the impossibility of doing so. Slayers\nalso often ignore specific details of work by cognitive ethologists and\nfrequently mount philosophically motivated objections to the possibility\nof learning anything about animal cognition. Slayers do not believe that\ncognitive ethological approaches can lead, and have lead, to new and\ntestable hypotheses. They often pick out the most difficult and least\naccessible phenomena to study (e.g. consciousness) and then conclude\nthat because we can gain little detailed knowledge about this subject,\nwe cannot do better in other areas. Slayers also appeal to parsimony in\nexplanations of animal behavior, but they dismiss the possibility that\ncognitive explanations can be more parsimonious than noncognitive\nalternatives, and they deny the utility of cognitive hypotheses for\ndirecting empirical research. Skeptics Skeptics are often difficult to\ncategorize. They are a bit more open-minded than slayers, and there\nseems to be greater variation among skeptical views of cognitive\nethology than among slayers\u0026rsquo; opinions. However, some skeptics recognize\nsome past and present successes in cognitive ethology, and remain\ncautiously optimistic about future successes; in these instances they\nresemble moderate proponents. Many skeptics appeal to the future of\nneuroscience, and claim that when we know all there is to know about\nnervous systems, cognitive ethology will be superfluous (Bekoff, 1993a;\nit should be noted that Griffin, 1992 also makes strong appeals to\nneuroscience, but he does not believe that increased knowledge in\nneurobiology will cause cognitive ethology to disappear). Like slayers,\nskeptics frequently conflate the difficulty of doing rigorous cognitive\nethological investigations with the impossibility of doing so. Skeptics\nalso find folk psychological, anthropomorphic, and cognitive\nexplanations to be off-putting. Proponents Proponents recognize the\nutility of cognitive ethological investigations. They claim that there\nare already many successes and they see that cognitive ethological\napproaches have provided new and interesting data that also can inform\nand motivate further study. Proponents also accept the cautious use of\nfolk psychological and cognitive explanations to build a systematic\nexplanatory framework in conjunction with empirical studies, and do not\nfind anecdotes or anthropomorphism to be thoroughly off-putting. Some\nproponents are as extreme in their advocacy of cognitive ethology as\nsome slayers are in their opposition. But most proponents are willing to\nbe critical of cognitive ethological research without dooming the field\nprematurely; if cognitive ethology is to die, it will be of natural\ncauses and not as a result of hasty slayings. (\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/160/1/199709005.html\"\u003esee\nhtml\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/pss/1381709\"\u003ePopulation and social biology of free-ranging dogs, Canis\nfamiliaris\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDaniels, Bekoff - Journal of Mammalogy, 1989 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nPopulation size and density, age structure, survivorship patterns, sex\nratios, and social organization of urban, rural, and feral dog (Canis\nfamiliaris) populations were examined in Cd. Juarez, Mexico (urban site)\nand on the Navajo reservation (rural and wild sites) between June 1983\nand December 1984. Urban and rural dogs were less social than expected\nwhereas feral dogs characteristically lived in packs. Seasonal variation\nin the structure of feral dog packs was influenced by reproduction, both\ndirectly (pups born into the pack) and indirectly (pregnant females may\ntemporarily emigrate form the pack to give birth).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/pss/1309460\"\u003eSocial play behavior\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Bioscience, 1984 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nRecent studies clearly indicate that animal play is an important\nbehavioral phenotype, and that detailed analyses of the phenomenon are\nuseful for furthering our understanding of the evolution of social\nbehavior and the interaction of phylogeny, ecology, and behavioral\ndevelopment. This article is concerned mainly with evolutionary,\necological, and developmental aspects of social play behavior in\nmammals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/pss/1380598\"\u003eSocial, spacing, and cooperative behavior of the collared peccary,\nTayassu tajacu\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nByers, Bekoff - Journal of Mammalogy, 1981 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nSocial behavior of the collared peccary was studied on the lower,\neastern slopes of the Mazatzal Mountains, Arizona. The social unit in\nthis species is a cohesive herd, in which small inter-individual\ndistances are maintained. Two conspicuous acts, one olfactory and one\nauditory, functioned to maintain close spacing. Social interactions were\nbrief but tended to synchronize the activities of animals and also to\nbring them closer together. Amicable and neutral actions occurred far\nmore frequently than agonistic interactions. Most agonistic behavior did\nnot involve physical contact. Cooperative nursing, predator defense, and\nfeeding occurred; all adults were tolerant of young, and males showed\nlittle overt competition over estrous females. The absence of sexual\ndimorphism, the 1:1 sex ratio within social groups, and the small,\nprecocial litters in this species suggest an evolutionary history of\npronounced sociality. Kin selection possibly was important in the\nevolution of social behavior in peccaries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/pss/192828\"\u003eOn aims and methods of cognitive\nethology\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJamieson, Bekoff - Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy\nof Science Association Ö²Ā© 1992\u003cbr\u003e\nPhilosophy of Science Association In 1963 Niko Tinbergen published a\npaper, \u0026ldquo;On Aims and Methods of Ethology,\u0026rdquo; dedicated to his friend Konrad\nLorenz. Here Tinbergen defines ethology as \u0026ldquo;the biological study of\nbehavior,\u0026rdquo; and seeks to demonstrate \u0026ldquo;the close affinity between Ethology\nand the rest of Biology.\u0026rdquo; Tinbergen identifies four major areas of\nethology: causation, survival value, evolution, and ontogeny. Our goal\nis to attempt for cognitive ethology what Tinbergen succeeded in doing\nfor ethology: to clarify its aims and methods, to distinguish some of\nits varieties, and to defend the fruitfulness of the research strategies\nthat it has spawned.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1982.tb01087.x/abstract\"\u003eBehavioral ecology of coyotes: social organization, rearing patterns,\nspace use, and resource\ndefense\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Wells - Zeitschrift fÖ³Ā¼r Tierpsychologie, 1982 - Wiley Online\nLibrary\u003cbr\u003e\nTwo groups of coyotes in which genealogical relationships were known\nwere studied in the Grand Teton National Park, outside of Jackson,\nWyoming, U.S.A., from 1977גā‚¬ā€œ1982. One group, a pack consisting of\nparents and some non-dispersing and non-breeding offspring, defended a\nterritory and the food (mainly elk carrion) contained within it,\nespecially during winter, and also had helpers at den sites (5 of 6 were\nmales). The other group, a mated resident pair, all of whose young\ndispersed during the first year of life, did not defend a territory and\nnever had helpers at dens. Delayed dispersal and retention of some\noffspring as helpers was related to the presence of an abundant,\nclumped, and defendable winter food resource. Dispersing yearlings\nsuffered higher mortality than did non-dispersing individuals.\u003cbr\u003e\nLitter size was the same for the pack and resident pair; litter size was\nnot significantly correlated with number of adults in the group or with\nthe number or percentage of pups that survived to 5גā‚¬ā€œ6 months of age.\nThe presence of pack helpers was not significantly correlated with pup\nsurvival, although there was a positive correlation (rs = +0.37) between\nthe number of adults attending a den(s) and pup survival. Helpers rarely\nfed pups and their presence had no appreciable effect on juvenile\nweight. Helpers partook in den-sitting (pup-guarding), but they did not\nreduce the amount of time that parents spent at den sites. Helpers also\nactively initiated and took part in territorial and food defense. The\nproportion of times that pack members initiated defense was inversely\nrelated to intruder density (r = גā‚¬ā€œ0.94).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/content/g66471746l725072/\"\u003eWild justice and fair play: cooperation, forgiveness, and morality in\nanimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Biology and Philosophy, 2004 - Springer\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this paper I argue that we can learn much about lsquowild\njusticersquo and the evolutionary origins of social morality גā‚¬ā€œ\nbehaving fairly גā‚¬ā€œ by studying social play behavior in group-living\nanimals, and that interdisciplinary cooperation will help immensely. In\nour efforts to learn more about the evolution of morality we need to\nbroaden our comparative research to include animals other than non-human\nprimates. If one is a good Darwinian, it is premature to claim that only\nhumans can be empathic and moral beings. By asking the question\nlsquoWhat is it like to be another animal?rsquo we can discover rules of\nengagement that guide animals in their social encounters. When I study\ndogs, for example, I try to be a lsquodogocentristrsquo and practice\nlsquodogomorphism.rsquo My major arguments center on the following\nlsquobigrsquo questions: Can animals be moral beings or do they merely\nact as if they are? What are the evolutionary roots of cooperation,\nfairness, trust, forgiveness, and morality? What do animals do when they\nengage in social play? How do animals negotiate agreements to cooperate,\nto forgive, to behave fairly, to develop trust? Can animals forgive? Why\ncooperate and play fairly? Why did play evolve as it has? Does\nlsquobeing fairrsquo mean being more fit גā‚¬ā€œ do individual variations in\nplay influence an individual\u0026rsquo;\u0026rsquo;s reproductive fitness, are more virtuous\nindividuals more fit than less virtuous individuals? What is the\ntaxonomic distribution of cognitive skills and emotional capacities\nnecessary for individuals to be able to behave fairly, to empathize, to\nbehave morally? Can we use information about moral behavior in animals\nto help us understand ourselves? I conclude that there is strong\nselection for cooperative fair play in which individuals establish and\nmaintain a social contract to play because there are mutual benefits\nwhen individuals adopt this strategy and group stability may be also be\nfostered. Numerous mechanisms have evolved to facilitate the initiation\nand maintenance of social play to keep others engaged, so that agreeing\nto play fairly and the resulting benefits of doing so can be readily\nachieved. I also claim that the ability to make accurate predictions\nabout what an individual is likely to do in a given social situation is\na useful litmus test for explaining what might be happening in an\nindividual\u0026rsquo;\u0026rsquo;s brain during social encounters, and that intentional or\nrepresentational explanations are often important for making these\npredictions. ([get\npdf](\u003ca href=\"http://animalliberationfront.com/Philosophy/Morality/Speciesism/Wild\"\u003ehttp://animalliberationfront.com/Philosophy/Morality/Speciesism/Wild\u003c/a\u003e Justice.pdf))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search/display.do?f=1993/US/US93141.xml;US9301721\"\u003eReflective ethology, applied philosophy, and the moral status of\nanimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Jamieson - Perspectives in ethology, 1991 - agris.fao.org\u003cbr\u003e\nCurrently there is an unprecedented interest in ethological studies of\nnonhuman animals. Much of this interest is motivated by a desire to\nlearn more about animals themselves. For scientists assuming this\nstance, a secondary goal is to use this knowledge to assess the place of\nhumans in the natural order of things, stressing continuity or\ndiscontinuity depending on one\u0026rsquo;s views. Others, however, study animals\nprimarily to apply this knowledge to human behavior. We argue that\nbehavioral research demands the rigorous application of methods that are\nminimally harmful to the animals being studied. We argue for a moderate,\nbut rigorous and uncompromising, position on issues of animal welfare. A\nnumber of areas that in our opinion require careful scrutiny before\nresearch should be permitted are identified. It is a privilege to study\nnonhumans even in what seem to be noninterventive situations, and we\nshould reflect on what we are doing by empathizing with the animals that\nare being studied. From this point of view, ethological interest and\nphilosophical concerns with morality, mind, and science complement one\nanother. Thus, ethology and philosophy should inform one another with\nrespect to the way in which animals are studied, and how data are\nanalyzed, applied, and disseminated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[[\u003ca href=\"http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1641/0006-3568(2000)050%5B0861:AEEPN%5D2.0.CO;2\"\u003ehttp://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1641/0006-3568(2000)050%5B0861:AEEPN%5D2.0.CO;2\u003c/a\u003e][Animal\nemotions: exploring passionate natures]]\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - BioScience, 2000 - BioOne\u003cbr\u003e\nCurrent interdisciplinary research provides compelling evidence that\nmany animals experience such emotions as joy, fear, love, despair, and\ngriefגā‚¬ā€we are not alone. ([get\npdf](\u003ca href=\"http://sobek.colorado.edu/~irvinel/Animals\"\u003ehttp://sobek.colorado.edu/~irvinel/Animals\u003c/a\u003e and Society Readings/Bekoff Animal Emotions.pdf))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/4087049\"\u003eAvian play: comparative evolutionary and developmental\ntrends\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOrtega, Bekoff - The Auk, 1987 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nClassified 26 extant avian orders as having species with either\nprimarily altricial or precocial young. 10 of the 12 of these orders in\nwhich play has reportedly occurred were comprised of altricial species.\nFindings are related to the development of the avian forebrain.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/pss/1380678\"\u003ePredation by wild coyotes: behavioral and ecological\nanalyses\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWells, Bekoff - Journal of Mammalogy, 1982 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nPredatory behavior of coyotes (Canis latrans) was studied between 1977\nand 1980 in the Grand Teton National Park, Jackson, Wyoming. Major prey\nwere voles (Microtus spp.), Uinta ground squirrels (Spermophilus\narmatus), pocket gophers (Thomomys talpoides), and grasshoppers\n(Locustidae). Coyotes typically rushed and ran down squirrels; when\nhunting mice, coyotes pounced and stabbed at them with their forepaws.\nSequence structure was similar, though sequences directed to squirrels\nwere significantly more variable. When juvenile coyotes hunted mice,\nsequences were similar to those performed by adults that hunted mice.\nAdults and juveniles were about equally successful. The size of prey\nlast eaten influenced the interval until the next search was initiated;\nthe larger the prey, the longer the interval. However, the time interval\nsince the last capture and the outcome (capture or failure) of the next\npredatory attempt were not correlated. Durations of search, orient, and\nstalk were longer in short (\u0026lt; 10 cm) grass than in tall grass; stalk,\norient, and total durations also were more variable in short grass.\nCoyotes that hunted in short grass were more successful. Durations of\nall acts were shorter and coyotes were more successful in snow less than\n10 cm deep than in deeper snow. Mean orient and total durations were\nmore variable in deep snow. Height of ground-cover apparently affected\ncoyote movements and the way in which cues from prey were perceived.\nLocal wind conditions did not affect capture success. Coyotes were least\nsuccessful when they hunted mice and more successful when they hunted\nsquirrels. More time was spent searching and stalking squirrels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347299912277\"\u003ePredicting flock vigilance from simple passerine interactions:\nmodelling with cellular\nautomata\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBahr, Bekoff - Animal behaviour, 1999 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nVigilance in flocks can be described and modelled as a plausible set of\nlocal interactions between neighbouring birds. Each bird in the modelled\nflock chooses to feed or to scan based solely on whether or not its\nneighbours are feeding or scanning. This simple model has the ability\nboth to reproduce observations that have not been previously explained\nand to predict flock behaviours that might be confirmed with future\nfield studies. Examples include simulations showing decreased vigilance\nwith increased flock size (as observed in the field), greater time spent\nscanning when obstacles such as trees are present (as observed) and a\ncoordinated feed/scan pattern (that is predicted to become increasingly\ncoordinated when the birds look up from feeding more frequently). The\nnumerical model also predicts that flock geometry influences vigilance.\nIf two flocks are the same size, individuals in the one with the larger\nperimeter will spend more time scanning. This prediction could be tested\nwith field studies and already has been observed empirically for two\nlimiting cases: birds arranged in a line (high perimeters, high scan\ntimes) and birds in a circle (lower perimeters, lower scan times). As\ndemonstrated by its multiple successes, cellular models of this type are\na powerful new approach to understanding bird flock behaviours.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1986.tb00635.x/abstract\"\u003eWhat Does Kin Recognition\nMean?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nByers, Bekoff - Ethology, 1986 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nThe phenomenon of kin recognition has gained much attention, because of\nHAMILTON\u0026rsquo;S (1964) now famous prediction, that an animal ideally should\nbase its treatment of another conspecific on the degree to which it is\nrelated to that individual. Most authors working in this field have been\ncareful to state that, in studying \u0026ldquo;recognition\u0026rdquo;, they do not imply any\nkind of cognition. Nevertheless, the way in which the word \u0026ldquo;recognition\u0026rdquo;\nis used in many papers, implies, if not cognition, at least some kind of\nas yet unobserved neural activity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169534703004002\"\u003eReflections on animal\nselves\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Sherman - Trends in Ecology \u0026amp; Evolution, 2004 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nIs self-cognizance a uniquely human attribute, or do other animals also\nhave a sense of self? Although there is considerable interest in this\nquestion, answers remain elusive. Progress has been stymied by\nmisunderstandings in terminology, a focus on a narrow range of species,\nand controversies over key concepts, experimental paradigms and\ninterpretations of data. Here, we propose a new conceptual and\nterminological framework, emphasizing that degrees of self-cognizance\ndiffer among animals because of the cognitive demands that their\nspecies-specific social structures and life-history characteristics have\nplaced upon them over evolutionary time. We suggest that the\nself-cognizance of an organism falls at a point on a continuum of social\ncomplexity and conscious involvement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/157/\"\u003eCognitive ethology and the explanation of nonhuman animal\nbehavior\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - 1995 - cogprints.org\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this paper I attempt to provide a convincing case for the importance\nof cognitive ethological investigations for advancing our knowledge of\nanimal cognition. Cognitive ethology is broadly defined as the\nevolutionary and comparative study of nonhuman animal (hereafter animal)\nthought processes, consciousness, beliefs, or rationality, and is an\narea in which research is informed by different types of investigations\nand explanations. After (1) a brief discussion of the agenda of\ncognitive ethology, in which three different views of cognitive ethology\nare considered as is the relationship of cognitive ethology as a science\nto other branches of science, I (2) argue that folk psychological\nexplanations and empirical data both are important to cognitive\nethological research and conclude that the former are not as weak and as\ndispensable as some claim; (3) appeal to some case studies in recent\nanalyses of social play behavior and antipredatory behavior (vigilance\nagainst potential predators) to make the point that folk psychology\nworks well with empirical data and to provide examples in which the\ncognitive ethological perspective has proven to be a good heuristic; and\n(4) make some suggestions for future research. Cognitive ethology is\nalive, has a bright future, and has much to gain from a broad\ninterdisciplinary perspective. Comparative approaches to cognitive\nscience are very fruitful and have much to offer. (\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/157/1/199709002.html\"\u003esee\nhtml\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1379485\"\u003ePhysical development in coyotes (Canis latrans), with a comparison to\nother canids\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Jamieson - Journal of Mammalogy, 1975 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nFew detailed data are available on physical development in members of\nthe family Canidae and there are few published papers that include\ninformation on the coyote (Snow, 1967; Gier, 1968; Bekoff, 1974a).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1439-0310.1999.00397.x/full\"\u003eAn Observational Study of Coyote (Canis latrans) Scentmarking and\nTerritoriality in Yellowstone National\nPark\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAllen, Bekoff, Crabtree - Ethology, 1999 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nFree-ranging coyotes (Canis latrans) living in neighboring packs were\nobserved in the Lamar Valley of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, from\nJan. to May 1997. Through direct observation, we recorded the location\nof coyote scent marks and information regarding the identity of the\nmarking animal. Patterns of scent-marking were then analyzed spatially\nand demographically. All of the evidence from the present study supports\na strong relationship between scent-marking and territoriality in these\ncoyotes, and all predictions were met. A preponderance of scent marks\nwas found in the periphery of territories. Most of those marks were\nraised-leg urinations (RLUs) and forward-lean urinations (FLUs),\npostures associated very strongly with males, particularly dominant\nindividuals. Ground-scratching was also closely associated with these\ntypes of marks and was performed more on the periphery of territories\nthan in the interior. A complete lack of overlap of adjacent territories\nand very limited overlap of movements into territories fits classic\ndefinitions of territory and home range. Scent-marking seems to be\nstrongly associated with the establishment and maintenance of these\nboundaries between packs of coyotes competing for the same resources in\na limited space.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1992.tb00846.x/abstract\"\u003eIntentional icons: Towards an evolutionary cognitive\nethology\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Allen - Ethology, 1992 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nIn most species in which social play has been observed, play-soliciting\nsignals have evolved. These social signals appear to be important in\ncommunicating play intention. Here, using the work of Ruth Millikan as a\nworking guide and canid play bows as an example, we argue that (i) some\nplay signals may be simple intentional icons and (ii) senders and\nreceivers are cooperating devices, in that the disposition of senders to\nproduce play-soliciting signals and the disposition of receivers of play\nsignals to respond appropriately to play invitations, have evolved\ntogether. Millikan\u0026rsquo;s views of social communication are difficult to\nrender and are virtually untested. However, her stance, while\nphilosophically controversial, is somewhat consistent with early\nethological views of social communication. Thus, in combination with\nclassical ethological positions, Millikan\u0026rsquo;s position could serve as a\nuseful guide not only to inform and motivate future empirical research\nin cognitive ethology, but also to stimulate ethologists to reconsider,\nin innovative ways, nonhuman animal cognition. To reject the empirical\nutility of Millikan\u0026rsquo;s theory because of its difficulty or on\nphilosophical grounds would be premature and would represent a confusion\nof empirical with philosophical issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1379696\"\u003ePrecopulatory and copulatory behavior in\ncoyotes\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Diamond Journal of Mammalogy Vol. 57, No. 2 (May, 1976), pp.\n372-375\u003cbr\u003e\nLittle is known about the behavioral aspects of reproductive biology in\ncoyotes (Canis latrans), but there is a considerable amount of\ninformation concerning reproductive anatomy and physiology (see Bekoff,\n1974, 1976; Diamond, 1976, for reviews).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/pss/1296803\"\u003eSocial play in coyotes, wolves, and\ndogs\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - BioScience, 1974 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this paper, the development of social play behavior in coyotes,\nwolves, and beagles is discussed, as are the ways in which \u0026ldquo;play\nintention\u0026rdquo; is communicated and a \u0026ldquo;play mood\u0026rdquo; maintained. Coyotes were\nobserved to fight more and play less than wolves or beagles of the same\nage, and the differential development of social behavior in these canids\nmay play some role in determining the later species-typical social\norganization observed in adults.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dev.420210610/abstract\"\u003eMotor training and physical fitness: Possible shortand longterm\ninfluences on the development of individual differences in\nbehavior\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Developmental Psychobiology, 1988 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nIndividual differences in the behavior of young and adult animals have\nbeen documented in diverse species. Possible sources of such variation\nare of interest to scientists representing many disciplines, including\nbehavior, genetics, and population and evolutionary biology. Two\nvariables that may be important in the ontogeny and maintenance of\nbehavioral differences are (1) individual physical (aerobic and\nanaerobic) fitness and (2) possible genetic variations underlying\nindividual abilities to engage in, and to benefit from, motor training\nearly in life. The differential development of aerobic and anaerobic\ncapacities may play a significant role in the ontogeny of individual\ndifferences in the performance of various motor skills. There also may\nbe short- and long-term consequences of variations in physical fitness\nthat influence individual abilities to perform energy demanding acts\nduring aggressive encounters, interactions with prey or predators, and\ncourtship and breeding. Genetic studies of a limited number of species\nindicate that specific genotypes are correlated with individual\nvariations in motor performance, even among conspecifics.\nMultidisciplinary research concerning possible relationships among the\nontogeny of physical fitness, genetics, and variations in behavior is\nneeded. Recent work on the relationship between individual differences\nin physical fitness and variations in the behavior of adult cold-blooded\nvertebrates provides a good model for comparative research on\nwarm-blooded species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1999-00902-001\"\u003eCognitive ethology and the treatment of non-human animals: How matters\nof mind inform matters of\nwelfare.\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Animal Welfare, 1994 - psycnet.apa.org\u003cbr\u003e\nAnthropocentric claims about the ways in which non-human animals\ninteract in their social and non-social worlds are often used to\ninfluence decisions on how animals can or should be used by humans in\nvarious sorts of activities. Thus, the treatment of individuals is often\ntightly linked to how they are perceived with respect to their ability\nto perform behavior patterns that suggest that they can thinkגā‚¬ā€have\nbeliefs, desires, or make plans and have expectations about the future.\nThis article reviews some basic issues in the comparative study of\nanimal minds and discusses how matters of mind are related to matters of\nwelfare and well-being. Much comparative research still needs to be done\nbefore any stipulative claims can be made about how an individual\u0026rsquo;s\ncognitive abilities can be used to influence decisions about how she or\nhe should be treated. The author stresses the importance of (1)\nsubjectivity and common sense along with the use of empirical data in\nmaking decisions about animal welfare, and (2) viewing subjective\nassessments in the same critical light that is used to evaluate\nsupposedly objective scientific facts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c)\n2010 APA, all rights reserved)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.mendeley.com/research/wild-justice-cooperation-fair-play-minding-manners-nice-feeling-good/\"\u003eWild justice, cooperation, and fair play: Minding manners, being nice,\nand feeling\ngood\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - The origins and nature of sociality, 2004 - mendeley.com\u003cbr\u003e\n(From the chapter) In this chapter I consider various aspects of the\nevolution of cooperation and fairness using social play behavior in\nanimals, especially mammals, as my exemplar of an activity in which one\nwould expect to see ongoing negotiations of cooperation and agreements\nto behave fairly because the social dynamics of play require that\nplayers agree to play and not to fight or to mate with one another. I am\nspecifically concerned with the notion of \u0026ldquo;behaving fairly.\u0026rdquo; By\n\u0026ldquo;behaving fairly\u0026rdquo; I use as a working guide the notion that animals often\nhave social expectations when they engage in various sorts of social\nencounters the violation of which constitutes being treated unfairly\nbecause of a lapse in social etiquette. I conclude that social play\nmight be a \u0026ldquo;foundation of fairness.\u0026rdquo; I also argue that it is through\nsocial cooperation that groups (communities) are built from individuals\nagreeing to work in harmony with other individuals. Whether or not\nindividuals lose various \u0026ldquo;freedoms\u0026rdquo; when balanced against the benefits\nthat accrue when they work for the \u0026ldquo;good of a group\u0026rdquo; is unknown and\nneeds to be studied more carefully in various species. Further, based on\nrecent research on the neurobiology of human cooperation, I argue that\n\u0026ldquo;being fair\u0026rdquo; may feel good for animals as well. Lastly, I stress that in\nour efforts to learn more about the evolution of social morality we need\nto broaden our comparative research to include animals other than\nnonhuman primates. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights\nreserved)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0003347278900222\"\u003eQuantitative analyses of the ontogeny of predatory behaviour in\ncoyotes, Canis\nlatrans\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nVincent, Bekoff - Animal Behaviour Volume 26, Part 1, February 1978,\nPages 225גā‚¬ā€œ231\u003cbr\u003e\nFour infant coyotes (Canis latrans) were studied in order to describe\nquantitatively the development of predatory behaviour. Our results\nindicated that prior play and agonistic experience had virtually no\neffect on later predatory success. Also, there was no relationship\nbetween an individual\u0026rsquo;s social rank and its prey-killing ability.\nLatency to kill was shortened when animals were tested in, pairs and\nhunger level was not related to latency to kill. The results are\ndiscussed with respect to current functionalist theories of play\nbehaviour and Leyhausen\u0026rsquo;s concept of the relative hierarchy of moods.\nThe practice theory of play should be reconsidered in light of the\nresults of this and other recent studies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347281800139\"\u003eBehavioural budgeting by wild coyotes: the influence of food resources\nand social\norganization\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Wells - Animal Behaviour Volume 29, Issue 3, August 1981, Pages\n794גā‚¬ā€œ801\u003cbr\u003e\nDaytime behavioural budgets of coyotes (Canis latrans) living in the\nGrand Teton National Park, Jackson, Wyoming, were analysed in order to\ndetermine how activity patterns were influenced by food resources and\nsocial organization. In winter, coyotes rested more and hunted less than\nin other seasons. Pack-living coyotes rested more and travelled less\nthan resident pairs or solitary residents or transients during winter\nmonths when the major food resource was ungulate (predominantly elk,\nCervus canadensis) carrion. A mated female living in a pack rested\nsignificantly more and travelled significantly less than a mated female\nliving only with her mate (as a resident pair) during winter. We predict\nthat in times of food shortage, pack-living coyotes, and particularly\nreproductive females, might be at an advantage when compared to resident\npairs and solitary individuals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376635702001201\"\u003ePlay and the evolution of fairness: a game theory\nmodel\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDugatkin, Bekoff - Behavioural Processes Volume 60, Issue 3, 31 January\n2003, Pages 209-214\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff [J. Consci. Stud. 8 (2001) 81] argued that mammalian social\nplay is a useful behavioral phenotype on which to concentrate in order\nto learn more about the evolution of fairness. Here, we build a game\ntheoretical model designed to formalize some of the ideas laid out by\nBekoff, and to examine whether fair strategies can in fact be\nevolutionarily stable. The models we present examine fairness at two\ndifferent developmental stages during an individual\u0026rsquo;s ontogeny, and\nhence we create four strategies fair at time 1/fair at time 2, not fair\nat time 1 not fair at time 2, fair at time 1/not fair at time 2, not\nfair at time 1/fair at time 2. Our results suggest that when considering\nspecies where fairness can be expressed during two different\ndevelopmental stages, acting fairly should be more common than never\nacting fairly. In addition, when no one strategy was evolutionarily\nstable, we found that all four strategies we model can coexist at\nevolutionary equilibrium. Even in the absence of an overwhelming\ndatabase from which to test our model, the general predictions we make\nhave significant implications for the evolution of fairness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037663579500050X\"\u003eCognitive ethology, vigilance, information gathering, and\nrepresentation: Who might know what and\nwhy?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nM Bekoff - Behavioural processes, 1995 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nCognitive ethology, a relatively new interdisciplinary and integrative\nscience, is under attack with respect to its scientific status. However,\nthere also are strong supporters of research in this area. In this paper\nI consider (1) some of the topics in which cognitive ethologists are\ninterested, (2) possible connections between cognitive analyses of\nsocial behavior and philosophical concepts including intentionality and\nrepresentation, (3) recent work on vigilance or scanning behavior in\nhighly social birds, Evening Grosbeaks (Coccothraustes vespertinus),\nthat benefits from taking a cognitive perspective, and (4) what may be\ngained by taking a cognitive approach to the study of social behavior\nand what may be lost by not doing so. My study of vigilance indicates\nthat the way in which individuals are positioned with respect to one\nanother influences their behavior, and that when a flock contains four\nor more birds there are large changes in scanning and other patterns of\nbehavior that may be related to how grosbeaks attempt to gather\ninformation about other flock members. When birds are arranged in a\ncircular array so that they can see one another easily compared to when\nthey are arranged in a line that makes visual monitoring of flock\nmembers more difficult, birds who have difficulty seeing one another are\n(i) more vigilant, (ii) change their head and body positions more often,\n(iii) react to changes in group size more slowly, (iv) show less\ncoordination in head movements, and (v) show more variability in all\nmeasures. These differences in behavior argue against the pooling of\ndata collected on individuals feeding in different geometric arrays. The\nvariations in behavior also may say something about if and how\nindividuals attempt visually to represent their group to themselvesā€“how\nthey form, store, and use records of the behavior of others to inform\ntheir own future behavior. (\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/154/1/199708001.html\"\u003esee\nhtml\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.science.uva.nl/~seop/entries/consciousness-animal/\"\u003eAnimal\nconsciousness\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAllen, Bekoff - The Blackwell Companion to 2007 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nThere are many reasons for philosophical interest in nonhuman animal\n(hereafter animal) consciousness. First, if philosophy often begins with\nquestions about the place of humans in nature, one way humans have\nattempted to locate themselves is by comparison and contrast with those\nthings in nature most similar to themselves, i.e., other animals.\nSecond, the problem of determining whether animals are conscious\nstretches the limits of knowledge and scientific methodology (beyond\nbreaking point, according to some). Third, the question of whether\nanimals are conscious beings or mere automata, as Cartesians would have\nit, is of considerable moral significance given the dependence of modern\nsocieties on mass farming and the use of animals for biomedical\nresearch. Fourth, while theories of consciousness are frequently\ndeveloped without special regard to questions about animal\nconsciousness, the plausibility of such theories has sometimes been\nassessed against the results of their application to animal\nconsciousness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/content/p1g2133857531633/\"\u003eIntentionality, social play, and\ndefinition\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAllen, Bekoff - Biology and Philosophy Volume 9, Number 1, 63-74\u003cbr\u003e\nSocial play is naturally characterized in intentional terms. An\nevolutionary account of social play could help scientists to understand\nthe evolution of cognition and intentionality. Alexander Rosenberg\n(1990) has argued that if play is characterized intentionally or\nfunctionally, it is not a behavioral phenotype suitable for evolutionary\nexplanation. If he is right, his arguments would threaten many projects\nin cognitive ethology. We argue that Rosenberg\u0026rsquo;\u0026rsquo;s arguments are unsound\nand that intentionally and functionally characterized phenotypes are a\nproper domain for ethological investigation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dev.420050406/abstract\"\u003ePostnatal neural ontogeny: Environmentdependent and/or\nenvironmentexpectant?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Fox - Developmental psychobiology, 1972 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nRecent advances in the study of postnatal neural development, an\nadaptive process dependent on an intimate interplay of both genetic and\nenvironmental factors, are reviewed in mouse, rat, cat, and man. Since\ndevelopmental neuroanatomical studies provide a useful and relevant way\nof approaching the much belabored and controversial nature-nurture\nissue, behaviorally oriented workers should be made aware of the\nheuristic value of the field as both an impetus and a guide for future\nresearch, and as a means for providing explanations for observations\nunexplainable at the ethological or behavioral descriptive level. The\nconclusion reached in this review is that postnatal neural ontogeny is\nboth environment-dependent and environment-expectant. To divide the\nprocess into mutually exclusive halves is indefensible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0003347277900409\"\u003eThe variability of some motor components of social play and agonistic\nbehaviour in infant eastern coyotes, Canis latrans\nvar.\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHill, Bekoff - Animal Behaviour, 1977 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nThe duration and stereotypy (in terms of duration) of three actions,\nstand-overs (SO), general-bites (GB), and scruff-bites (SB), were\nmeasured during social play and agonistic interactions in infant eastern\ncoyotes (Canis latrans). The rate of biting was also calculated. We\nfound: (1) SO\u0026rsquo;s and GB\u0026rsquo;s lasted a significantly shorter time during\nplay; (2) when performed during playful interactions, all three acts\nshowed more stereotypy; (3) there was no significant difference between\nthe rates of occurrence of biting during the two situations. A\ndiscussion of the exaggerated nature of play behaviour is presented,\nparticularly concerning the form of the motor actions that are used\nduring this activity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/pss/1368530\"\u003eNonrandom nest-site selection in Evening\nGrosbeaks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, AC Scott - Condor, 1987 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nNest-site selection was studied in Evening Grosbeaks (Coccothraustes\nvespertinus) living in two areas (Eldora and Wild Basin) of the Front\nRange of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado. One hundred and twenty-nine\noriginal variables were reduced to compare nesting (NS; n = 49) and\nnonnesting control (NNS; n = 10) sites using multivariate and univariate\nstatistics. Overall, four of the five variables best discriminating\nbetween NS and NNS were measures of habitat density (deciduous stem\nintersect, deciduous canopy cover) or shrub dispersion (large clumps,\nirregular matrix). Although there were distinct differences between the\ntwo NS with respect to shrub dispersion, canopy cover, and the relative\nproportion of major vegetation, NS were more open than NNS within the\nsame area. In both Eldora and Wild Basin, grosbeaks showed a preference\nfor ponderosa pines (Pinus ponderosa) in which to build high camouflaged\nnests, close to the main tree trunk, predominantly with southern or\nnorthern exposures. We suggest that these nest locations provide (1)\nhigh visibility for detection of potential predators, (2) the\nopportunity for grosbeaks to see their nests from a distance, (3) easy\naccess for departure and arrival, (4) aid in thermoregulation, and (5)\nprotection from wind and rain and increased nest stability. (\u003ca href=\"http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Condor/files/issues/v089n04/p0819-p0829.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1989.tb00528.x/abstract\"\u003eAggression, dominance, and social organization in Evening\nGrosbeaks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Scott - Ethology, 1989 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nRelationships between social behavior and ecology are of great interest\nto ethologists and behavioral ecologists. For example, limited\ncomparative data have already resulted in the development of broad\nexplanations for possible interrelationships between patterns of social\ninteraction and food supply in diverse species. Here, we analyzed\nagonistic behavior, dominance relationships, and social organization in\nevening grosbeaks (Coccothraustes vespertinus) living near Boulder,\nColorado U.S.A. We found marked seasonal variations in mean rates of\nagonistic behavior, mean sex ratios, and mean flock sizes. Rates of\nagonistic encounters were positively correlated with group size and the\nnumber of adult males present. Generally, adult males dominated (\u0026gt;\u0026gt;)\nadult females, young males, and young females; young males \u0026gt;\u0026gt; adult\nand young females; and young females \u0026gt;\u0026gt; adult females. Adult males\nwere most aggressive during the beginning of the breeding season.\u003cbr\u003e\nThe formation of large flocks of grosbeaks most likely facilitates\nlocating the dispersed and locally irruptive food on which these birds\ndepend, and may also confer protection against predators. We suggest\nthat flocks of grosbeaks composed of mainly transient birds are\nmaintained by (1) low rates of noncontact aggressive encounters and (2)\nthe rare occurrence of potentially disruptive fights, both of which\nappear to result from birds\u0026rsquo; being able to assess the likely outcome of\nan encounter with another animal using phenotypic cues such as wing\nlength, weight, and especially plumage. The ability to predict the\noutcome of an aggressive encounter may also be important in the\nintegration of young birds into flocks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1993-24558-001\"\u003eTime, energy and\nplay\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Byers - Animal behaviour, 1992 - psycnet.apa.org\u003cbr\u003e\nMakes suggestions for evaluating the amount of time and energy young\nmammals devote to social and nonsocial play. Suggestions include\nconsidering how the percentage of energy expended in play is expressed\nand expressing the cost of play in terms of alternative uses for the\ntime and energy invested in play. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010\nAPA, all rights reserved)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1989.tb00776.x/abstract\"\u003eSpatial and temporal resource use by feral and abandoned\ndogs\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDaniels, Bekoff - Ethology, 1989 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nWe compared spatial and temporal patterns of resource use by feral and\nabandoned domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) on the Navajo reservation in\nArizona and New Mexico. Community dumps provide locally abundant food\nresources utilized both by feral dogs and dogs abandoned at the dump\nsite. Although population parameters were much the same for feral and\nabandoned dogs, the use of space varied distinctly and reflected\nbehavioral differences in the way each population responded to the\nabsence of human control, the need to acquire food, and the\ndevelopmental state of pups. Temporal use of resources by feral dogs\nvaried seasonally with the age of pups in one pack, but not in a second\npack. Priority of access to local resources may be influenced by\naggressive interactions among dogs at a dump. Barking may serve to warn\ndogs already present at a dump that competitors have arrived.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/berg/anthroz/2007/00000020/00000001/art00003\"\u003eNaturalizing anthropomorphism: behavioral prompts to our humanizing of\nanimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHorowitz, Bekoff - Journal of The Interactions of People גā‚¬Ā¦, 2007 -\ningentaconnect.com\u003cbr\u003e\nAnthropomorphism is the use of human characteristics to describe or\nexplain nonhuman animals. In the present paper, we propose a model for a\nunified study of such anthropomorphizing. We bring together previously\ndisparate accounts of why and how we anthropomorphize and suggest a\nmeans to analyze anthropomorphizing behavior itself. We introduce an\nanalysis of bouts of dyadic play between humans and a heavily\nanthropomorphized animal, the domestic dog. Four distinct patterns of\nsocial interaction recur in successful dog-human play: directed\nresponses by one player to the other, indications of intent, mutual\nbehaviors, and contingent activity. These findings serve as a\npreliminary answer to the question, \u0026ldquo;What behaviors prompt\nanthropomorphisms?\u0026rdquo; An analysis of anthropomorphizing is potentially\nuseful in establishing a scientific basis for this behavior, in\nexplaining its endurance, in the design of \u0026ldquo;lifelike\u0026rdquo; robots, and in the\nanalysis of human interaction. Finally, the relevance of this developing\nscientific area to contemporary debates about anthropomorphizing\nbehavior is discussed. (\u003ca href=\"http://psychology.barnard.edu/sites/default/files/inline/horowitz_bekoff.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/index/JR527R631Q75RJ32.pdf\"\u003eVole population cycles: kin-selection or\nfamiliarity?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Oecologia, 1981 - Springer\u003cbr\u003e\nThe recent paper by Charnov and Finerty (1980) on Vole population cycles\noffers a unique view of population fluctuations in these rodents. These\nauthors invoke kin-selection as a factor that may contribute to vole\ncycles ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1976-21882-001\"\u003eBehavioral taxonomy in canids by discriminant function\nanalyses\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Hill - Science, 1975 - psycnet.apa.org\u003cbr\u003e\nApplied the technique of linear discriminant function analysis to\nbehavioral data that were collected on infant canids. The method was\nfirst tested with a known cross between a wolf and a dog and proved to\nbe valid, indicating that quantitative analyses of behavioral phenotypes\ncan be used in assessing taxonomic relationships. In addition, the\ncontroversial New England canid was determined by behavioral analysis to\nbe more closely related to coyotes than to wolves. (PsycINFO Database\nRecord (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dev.420090603/abstract\"\u003eThe social deprivation paradigm: Who\u0026rsquo;s being deprived of\nwhat?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Developmental Psychobiology, 1976 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nAbstract unavailable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/content/u084k79131v41845/\"\u003eEcological analyses of nesting success in evening\ngrosbeaks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, AC Scott - Oecologia, 1989 - Springer\u003cbr\u003e\nWe studied the nesting success of Evening Grosbeaks (Coccothraustes\nvespertinus) inhabiting two areas of the Front Range of the Rocky\nMountains of Colorado from 1983גā‚¬ā€œ1987. Sixty-four nests were followed\nduring building, incubating, brooding, and fledging; 54.7% were\nsuccessful (young fledged). The largest number of nests failed during\nincubation. Nests started later were more successful than nests begun\nearlier in the season. Failure was most likely due to severe weather,\nabandonment during building, or predation. Specific habitat\ncharacteristics of grosbeak nesting sites and where nests were placed in\ntrees were consistently associated with nesting success. Successful\nnests, when compared with nests that failed, were: (1) built in more\nopen areas characterized by dispersed vegetation and a higher minimum\ncanopy, (2) oriented in more southerly directions, (3) built closer to\nthe main trunk of the nest tree, and (4) built in larger trees. Current\nideas about whether or not birds actually select nest-sites are briefly\ndiscussed. We conclude that some grosbeaks ldquooptimally selectrdquo\nnest sites where the likelihood of producing fledglings is higher than\nin other areas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9744.2006.00727.x/abstract\"\u003eAnimal passions and beastly virtues: Cognitive ethology as the unifying\nscience for understanding the subjective, emotional, empathic, and moral\nlives of\nanimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - ZygonÖ²Ā®, 2006 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this essay, my response to four papers that were presented at the\n2004 annual meeting of the American Academy of Religion in a session\ndevoted to my research on animal behavior and cognitive ethology, I\nstress the importance of interdisciplinary research and collaboration\nfor coming to terms with various aspects of animal behavior and animal\ncognition. I argue that we have much to learn from other animals\nconcerning a set of big questions including who we are in the grand\nscheme of things, the role science (science sense) plays in our\nunderstanding of the world in which we live, what it means to know\nsomething, what some other ways of knowing are and how they compare to\nwhat we call science, and the use of anecdotes and anthropomorphism to\ninform studies of animal behavior. I ask, Are other minds really all\nthat private and inaccessible? Can a nonhuman animal be called a person?\nWhat does the future hold if we continue to dismantle the only planet we\nlive on and persecute the other animal beings with whom we are supposed\nto coexist? I argue that cognitive ethology is the unifying science for\nunderstanding the subjective, emotional, empathic, and moral lives of\nanimals, because it is essential to know what animals do, think, and\nfeel as they go about their daily routines in the company of their\nfriends and when they are alone. It is also important to learn why both\nthe similarities and differences between humans and other animals have\nevolved. The more we come to understand other animals, the more we will\nappreciate them as the amazing beings they are, and the more we will\ncome to understand ourselves. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.dancingstarfoundation.org/pdfs/bekoff.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1994.tb01043.x/abstract\"\u003eNesting behaviour of Abert squirrels (Sciurus\naberti)\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Ethology, 1994 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nNesting behaviour of Abert squirrels (Sciurus aberti), including site\nselection and use, was studied in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains\nin Boulder County, Colorado. Only females were observed building nests,\nalthough both males and females maintained nests once they were built.\nCommunal nesting by Abert squirrels was rare, but the majority of\nobserved nest sharings involved unrelated male and female pairs. A total\nof 14 variables were used to evaluate the nests (n = 49) inhabited by\nAbert squirrels from May 1988 to Jun. 1991. All nests were located in\nPonderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) trees. The majority of nests were\nconstructed of twigs and located in the upper one-third of the canopy,\nnear the trunk, on the south-east side of the tree. Trees with nests\nwere predominantly located in closed stands. Nest trees, when compared\nwith unused control trees that were equally accessible to squirrels,\nwere significantly different from control trees in five of nine\nvariables. Nest tree crowns intertwined with a larger number of adjacent\ntree crowns than did control tree crowns. Nest trees were also\nsignificantly taller than control trees, but subdominant to adjacent\ntrees within a stand. Seasonal and diurnal patterns of nest use indicate\nthat Abert squirrels do not choose nest locations on the south-east\nsides of trees to facilitate behavioural thermoregulation. Rather, Abert\nsquirrels select nest site locations to (1) maximize accessibility and\n(2) maximize structural stability which may provide protection from wind\nand rain.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/162/\"\u003ePlaying with Play What Can We Learn About Cognition, Negotiation, and\nEvolution?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - The evolution of mind, 1997 - cogprints.org\u003cbr\u003e\nIn these papers we mainly consider how analyses of social play in\nnonhuman animals (hereafter animals) can inform inquiries about the\nevolution of cognitive mechanisms. Social play is a good behavioral\nphenotype on which to concentrate for when animals play they typically\nperform behavior patterns that are used in other contexts (e.g.\npredation, aggression, or reproduction). Thus, individuals need to be\nable to tell one another that they do not want to eat, fight with, or\nmate with the other individual(s), but rather, they want to play with\nthem. In most species (primarily mammals) in which play has been\nobserved, specific actions have evolved that are used to initiate or to\nmaintain play. Furthermore, sequences of play usually differ from\nnonplay sequences (within species) and self-handicapping has also been\nobserved, in which, for example, dominant individuals allow themselves\nto be dominated only in the context of play. In our consideration of how\nplay is initiated and maintained, we discuss issues including the\nevolution of play, the ecology of play, the sorts of information that\nare shared during play, what cognitive psychologists who study humans\ncan learn from cognitive ethologists who study other animals, and what\nplay can tell us about the emergence of mind in animals. These essays\ndraw on literature from ethology, psychology, and philosophy. (\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/162/1/199710002.html\"\u003esee\nhtml\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169534700890825\"\u003eTeleology, function, design and the evolution of animal\nbehaviour\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Allen - Trends in Ecology \u0026amp; Evolution, 1995 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nConcerns about teleological language in evolutionary biology focus on\nthe notions of function, design and adaptation. Accounts that naturalize\nthese ideas are currently popular. In keeping with recent developments\nin evolutionary theory and philosophy of biology, three naturalistic\nanalyses of function גā‚¬ā€ current utility, historical function, and\nfunctions as capacities גā‚¬ā€ should be differentiated. All have roles to\nplay in biology, although the historical conception seems the most\ncentral to evolutionary theory. While rarely distinguished from\nfunction, design should be regarded as an extension of historical\nfunction. We consider the utility of this distinction for the study of\nbehaviour.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376635701001425\"\u003eObservations of scent-marking and discriminating self from others by a\ndomestic dog (Canis familiaris): tales of displaced yellow\nsnow\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Behavioural processes, 2001 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nLittle is known about what stimuli trigger urinating or scent-marking in\ndomestic dogs, Canis familiaris, or their wild relatives. While it is\noften suggested that the urine of other animals influences urinating and\nscent-marking patterns in canids, this has not been verified\nexperimentally. To investigate the role of urine in eliciting urinating\nand marking, in this pilot study I moved urine-saturated snow (yellow\nsnow) from place-to-place during five winters to compare the responses\nof an adult male domestic dog, Jethro, to his own and others\u0026rsquo; urine.\nJethro spent less time sniffing his own urine than that of other males\nor females, and that while his interest in his own urine waned with time\nit remained relatively constant for other individuals\u0026rsquo; urine. Jethro\ninfrequently urinated over or sniffed and then immediately urinated over\n(scent-marked) his own urine. He marked over the urine of other males\nmore frequently than he marked over females\u0026rsquo; urine. The method used here\ncan be extended to other species for which experimental data are\nlacking. Though based on one dog, these novel data may further our\nknowledge of the role of scent-marking in territorial behavior and of\nsex differences in territory acquisition and maintenance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/000334729290057G\"\u003eAnimals in science: some areas\nrevisited\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Gruen, Townsend, Rollin - Animal behaviour, 1992 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nScience is a human activity, and as such, it is not value-free. Not only\ndo subjective views permeate all types of science, they also prevail in\nmany moral debates concerning how animals are used for primarily\nanthropocentric ends, even when formal philosophical argument is put\nforth. Four issues are addressed that demand closer attention by those\nwho are seriously engaged in the collection, interpretation, and\nexplanation of behavioural data. (1) It is important to recognize that\nan animal\u0026rsquo;s point of view is actually an animal\u0026rsquo;s point of view from a\nhuman\u0026rsquo;s point of view. (2) Attempts to quantify pain and suffering in\nanimals are fraught with difficulties, and despite the best intentions,\ndo not eliminate human responsibilities. (3) Appeals to science to\nresolve difficult questions concerning animal suffering must be combined\nwith other factors including common sense and moral and ethical\ncommitments. (4) When in doubt, err on the side of the animals. Those\nwho study animal behaviour and behavioural ecology need to be\nparticularly aware of problems of animal welfare for these types of\nresearch involve field observations, studies of captive animals, and\nexperiments. In addition, findings from cognitive ethological\ninvestigations are used to inform and motivate discussion of human moral\nand ethical obligations to animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17799690\"\u003ePredation and aversive conditioning in\ncoyotes\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Gustavson, Kelly, Garcia - Science (New York, NY, 1975 -\nncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u003cbr\u003e\nAbstract unavailable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/4088574\"\u003eExperimentally induced infanticide: the removal of birds and its\nramifications\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - The Auk, 1993 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nThere currently is great interest in the ethical issues surrounding\nresearch on nonhuman animals (hereafter animals), including field\nstudies of behavior and behavioral ecology (American Society of\nMammalogists 1987, Oring et al. 1988, Michener 1989,Animal Behavior\nSociety 1991, Bekoff and Jamieson1991, Cuthill 1991, Bekoff et al.\n1992). Thus, a study (Emlen et al. 1989) of experimentally induced\ninfanticide in Wattled Jacanas (Jacana jacana) deserves scrutiny, for\nthere are some matters of concern centering on: (i) the review process\nfor publication; (ii) the methods used to remove two adult female\njacanas; (iii) the maiming and killing of seven their infants by\nreplacement females a direct result of the deliberate removal of the\nmothers the young birds (for further discussion some ethical\nimplications of infanticide studies, see Elwood 1991; for recent review\nof studies of cognition, pain,and stress in birds,see Elzanowsk and Abs\n1991, Gentle 1992); and (iv) questions con- cerning trade-offs between\nthe importance acquir ing different types of knowledge and the types of\nanimal research that are permissible in the pursuit of this knowledge.\n(\u003ca href=\"http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Auk/v110n02/p0404-p0406.pdf\"\u003eget pdf\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/016953479090222Y\"\u003eCognitive ethology and applied philosophy: the significance of an\nevolutionary biology of\nmind\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Jamieson - Trends in Ecology \u0026amp; Evolution, 1990 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nThe broad field of cognitive ethology, in which internal mental states\nare inferred from the behavior they explain, is receiving increased\nattention nowadays from diverse scientists and philosophers. The nature\nof the results and how they are presented greatly influence how humans\nassess their place in the natural world and how they view other animals.\nThe attribution of consciousness and intelligence to other animals\nsuggests that they have moral rights. The results of comparative\ncognitive ethological analyses and how they are presented may play a\nlarge role in defining the domain of morally permissible research, and\nin the development of research strategies including decisions on feeding\nand housing, treatment, handling, and what happens to animal subjects\nwhen the research is completed. Scientists and philosophers interested\nin the evolution of behavior and mental continuity can have a\nsignificant impact on how others view the world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0017.1995.tb00017.x/abstract\"\u003eCognitive ethology and the intentionality of animal\nbehaviour\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAllen, Bekoff - Mind \u0026amp; language, 1995 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nCognitive ethologists are in need of a good theoretical framework for\nattributing intentional states. Heyes and Dickinson (1990) present\ncriteria that they claim are necessary for an intentional explanation of\nbehavior to be justified. They suggest that questions of intentionality\ncan only be investigated under controlled laboratory conditions and they\napply their criteria to laboratory experiments to argue that the common\nbehavior of approaching food is not intentional in most animals. We\ndispute the details of their argument and interpretation of the\nlaboratory experiments. While criteria such as those suggested have a\nrole to play in comparative studies of cognition, both laboratory and\nfield studies are important for assessing the applicability of\nintentional explanations across different taxa.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dev.420130212/abstract\"\u003ePrenatal motility and postnatal play: Functional\ncontinuity?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Byers, Bekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nBehavioral continuity is a current topic of major interest in\ndevelopmental psychobiology.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1380329\"\u003ePossible functions of predator harassment in pronghorn\nantelopes\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nLipetz, Bekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nPredator harassment (Berger, 1979) usually is a rarely observed form of\ndefense in ungulates that involves chasing of a predator by members of\nprey species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1991-32335-001\"\u003eDevelopment, the conveniently forgotten variable in\u0026quot; true kin\nrecognition.\u0026quot;\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nByers, Bekoff\u003cbr\u003e\nPoints out that in his sweeping dismissal of the existence of kin\nrecognition (because kin recognition should be restricted narrowly to\ninstances of apparently innate kin recognition), A. Grafen (see record\n1990-16435-001 ) ignores a large body of information concerning\nbehavioral development. He also ignores the strongest cases of kin\nrecognition: offspring recognition. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010\nAPA, all rights reserved)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=354904\"\u003eIntegrating humans and nature: reconciling the boundaries of science\nand society\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 2000 - elibrary.ru\u003cbr\u003e\nabstract unavailable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1467-9744.00497/abstract\"\u003eConsciousness and self in animals: some\nreflections\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - ZygonÖ²Ā®, 2003 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this essay I argue that many nonhuman animal beings are conscious and\nhave some sense of self. Rather than ask whether they are conscious, I\nadopt an evolutionary perspective and ask why consciousness and a sense\nof self evolvedגā‚¬ā€what are they good for? Comparative studies of animal\ncognition, ethological investigations that explore what it is like to be\na certain animal, are useful for answering this question. Charles Darwin\nargued that the differences in cognitive abilities and emotions among\nanimals are differences in degree rather than differences in kind, and\nhis view cautions against the unyielding claim that humans, and perhaps\nother great apes and cetaceans, are the only species in which a sense of\nself-awareness has evolved. I conclude that there are degrees of\nconsciousness and self among animals and that it is likely that no\nanimal has the same highly developed sense of self as that displayed by\nmost humans. Many animals have a sense of body-ness or mine-ness but not\na sense of I-ness. Darwin\u0026rsquo;s ideas about evolutionary continuity,\ntogether with empirical data (science sense) and common sense, will help\nus learn more about consciousness and self in animals. Answers to\nchallenging questions about animal self-awareness have wide-ranging\nsignificance, because they are often used as the litmus test for\ndetermining and defending the sorts of treatments to which animals can\nbe morally subjected. (\u003ca href=\"http://ww.animalliberationfront.com/Philosophy/ZygonSelf.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://analysis.oxfordjournals.org/content/52/1/23.full.pdf\"\u003eCarruthers on nonconscious\nexperience\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Analysis, 1992 - analysis.oxfordjournals.org\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a recent article Peter Carruthers claims that \u0026lsquo;in the case of brutes:\nsince their pains are nonconscious (as are all their mental states),\nthey ought not to be allowed to get in the way of any morally-serious\nobjective\u0026rsquo; (p. 269). We believe that Carruthers\u0026rsquo;s argument for this\nconclusion involves both fallacious reasoning and false premisses. (\u003ca href=\"http://as.nyu.edu/docs/IO/1192/JamiesonBekoff-carruthers1992.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.csa.com/partners/viewrecord.php?requester=gs\u0026amp;collection=TRD\u0026amp;recid=128885AN\"\u003eVirtuous\nnature\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - New Scientist, 2002 - csa.com\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is generally believed that humans are the only creatures on Earth\nwith a moral sense. The author disagrees and argues from observations of\nanimals living in the wild that animals living in groups have a sense of\nfair play built on moral codes of conduct that help cement their social\nrelationships. Draws heavily on recent reviews of research by Stephanie\nPreston and Frans de Waal, from the Yerkes Primate Center, Atlanta and\nStanley Kuczaj\u0026rsquo;s group at Southern Mississippi University in Hattiesburg\nwhich shows that empathy is more widespread among animals than is\ngenerally accepted and a wide range of species behave in ways that\nsupport the claim that empathy has its roots in evolution. The\nrecognition that animals have a moral dimension to their existence\nstrengthens the case that the human race should accept its moral\nresponsibility towards other animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.com/books?hl=en\u0026amp;lr=\u0026amp;id=T-ztyW8eTnIC\u0026amp;oi=fnd\u0026amp;pg=PA429\u0026amp;dq=Marc+Bekoff\u0026amp;ots=uIkdPymvGe\u0026amp;sig=tt9FDkomT-yiWgZcW0Yu5aoR_l4\"\u003eThe evolution of social play: Interdisciplinary analyses of cognitive\nprocesses\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Allen - The cognitive animal, 2002 - books.google.com\u003cbr\u003e\nProgress in understanding animal cognition requires interdisciplinary\ncollaboration, among biologists, psychologists, cognitive scientists,\nneuroscientists and philosophers. In our own case, as a biologist and\nphilosopher, our work has combined empirical and conceptual studies of\nsocial play. In this chapter we describe how our personal interests have\ncontributed to our cooperative efforts. Our work is rooted in a series\nof long-term empirical studies of social play. When he decided to study\nsocial play for his doctoral research, many people told Marc that it was\na waste of time for it was impossible to define and many others before\nhad tried to study it and failed. While this provided the perfect\nchallenge for a graduate student who had the full support of his\nadvisor, Michael W. Fox, Marc frankly thought that his research on play\nwould end when he received his degree. He was very wrong indeed. (\u003ca href=\"http://colinallen.dnsalias.org/Secure/TCA/bekoff-final.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/content/v05167301758761k/\"\u003eDeep ethology, animal rights, and the Great Ape/Animal Project:\nResisting speciesism and expanding the community of\nequals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Journal of Agricultural and environmental Ethics, 1997 -\nSpringer\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this essay I argue that the evolutionary and comparative study of\nnonhuman animal (hereafter animal) cognition in a wide range of taxa by\ncognitive ethologists can readily inform discussions about animal\nprotection and animal rights. However, while it is clear that there is a\nlink between animal cognitive abilities and animal pain and suffering, I\nagree with Jeremy Bentham who claimed long ago the real question does\nnot deal with whether individuals can think or reason but rather with\nwhether or not individuals can suffer. One of my major goals will be to\nmake the case that the time has come to expand. The Great Ape Project\n(GAP) to The Great Ape/Animal Project (GA/AP) and to take seriously the\nmoral status and rights of all animals by presupposing that all\nindividuals should be admitted into the Community of Equals. I also\nargue that individuals count and that it is essential to avoid being\nspeciesist cognitivists; it really doesn\u0026rsquo;t matter whether dogs ape or\nwhether apes dog when taking into account the worlds of different\nindividual animals. Narrow-minded primatocentrism and speciesism must be\nresisted in our studies of animal cognition and animal protection and\nrights. Line-drawing into lower and higher species is a misleading\nspeciesist practice that should be vigorously resisted because not only\nis line-drawing bad biology but also because it can have disastrous\nconsequences for how animals are viewed and treated. Speciesist\nline-drawing also ignores within species individual differences.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online\u0026amp;aid=139159\"\u003eEmpathy: Common sense, science sense, wolves, and\nwell-being\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2002 - Cambridge Univ Press\u003cbr\u003e\nEmpathy is likely more widely distributed among animals than many\nresearchers realize or perhaps are willing to admit. Studies of social\ncarnivores, other group-living animals, and communication via different\nmodalities will help us learn more about the evolutionary roots and\nbehavioral, sensory, and cognitive underpinnings of empathy, including\nwhat it means to have a sense of self. There are also important\nimplications for debates about animal well-being.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1976-25427-001\"\u003ePredation by \u0026ldquo;shooting\u0026rdquo; in archer fish, Toxotes jaculatrix: Accuracy\nand sequences\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Dorr - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 1976 -\npsycnet.apa.org\u003cbr\u003e\nStudied 4 adult shooting archer fish in a captive situation. The\naccuracy with which they \u0026ldquo;shot\u0026rdquo; for prey and the sequences that they\nperformed during shooting were analyzed. Ss were successful in shooting\nat suspended prey 25.5% of the time. Shooting was preceded by a series\nof 6 acts. The typical sequence, based on an analysis of transition\nprobabilities, was Orient, Swim, Rotate Vertically, and Shoot. Leaping\nout of the water and a 2nd vertical rotation were also observed.\n(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v419/n6904/full/419255a.html\"\u003eAwareness: Animal\nreflections\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Nature, 2002 - nature.com\u003cbr\u003e\nResearchers are interested in animal awareness because they are curious\nto discover what animals might know about themselves. There are,\nhowever, long-held and polarized views about the degree of\nself-awareness in animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/0591-2385.00388/abstract\"\u003eThe evolution of animal play, emotions, and social morality: on\nscience, theology, spirituality, personhood, and\nlove\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Zygon, 2001 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nMy essay first takes me into the arena in which science, spirituality,\nand theology meet. I comment on the enterprise of science and how\nscientists could well benefit from reciprocal interactions with\ntheologians and religious leaders. Next, I discuss the evolution of\nsocial morality and the ways in which various aspects of social play\nbehavior relate to the notion of behaving fairly. The contributions of\nspiritual and religious perspectives are important in our coming to a\nfuller understanding of the evolution of morality. I go on to discuss\nanimal emotions, the concept of personhood, and how our special\nrelationships with other animals, especially the companions with whom we\nshare our homes, help us to define our place in nature, our humanness.\nIt is when we take the life of another being in the ritual of\ncompassionately euthanizing them (putting them to sleep) that who we are\nin the grand scheme of things comes to the fore. I end with a discussion\nof the importance of ethological studies, behavioral research in which a\nserious attempt is made to understand animals in their own worlds,\ninquiries in which it is asked, What is it like to be another species?\nSpecies other than nonhuman primates need to be studied. I plead for\ndeveloping compassionate, heartfelt, and holistic science that allows\nfor interdisciplinary talk about respect, grace, spirituality, religion,\nlove, Earth, and God. (\u003ca href=\"http://tacheiru.us/flyingfrogs/berkoff1.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/berg/anthroz/1997/00000010/00000001/art00005\"\u003eInteractions among dogs, people, and the environment in Boulder,\nColorado: A case\nstudy\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Meaney - Anthrozoos: A Multidisciplinary Journal of The\nInteractions of People \u0026amp; Animals, 1997 - ingentaconnect.com\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom September 1995 to April 1996 we studied interactions among dogs,\npeople, and the environment in Boulder, Colorado. Data on behavioral\ndisturbances by off-leash dogs who were accompanied by a person were\ncollected with respect to dog-dog and dog-human interactions,\ndog-wildlife encounters, dogs trampling vegetation, and dogs entering\nand disturbing bodies of water. A questionnaire also was administered.\nBehavioral data showed that off-leash dogs generally did not travel far\noff trail, that when they did it was for short periods of time, and that\nthey rarely were observed to chase other dogs, disturb people, chase\nwildlife, destroy vegetation, or enter bodies of water. Results from\nanalyses of the questionnaire (skewed toward non-dog owners) showed that\ndog owners and non-dog owners agreed that people were more disruptive to\nthe environment than dogs and that unruly people were more problematic\nthan unruly dogs. We conclude that the well-being and interests of dogs\nshould not summarily and dismissively be compromised when dogs and\npeople attempt to share limited space that can be used by all parties\nfor recreational purposes. Indeed, a higher percentage of people\nreported that the quality of dogs\u0026rsquo; experience of the outdoors would be\ncompromised more than their own enjoyment if dogs could not walk\noff-leash in areas where this is currently permitted. The methods used\nand the results from this case study can serve as a model for other\nlocations in which dogs and people compete for limited spatial\nresources. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.sacdog.com/Efforts/BekStudy.pdf\"\u003eget pdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/index/M103764MX815748X.pdf\"\u003eAnimal Play and the Evolution of Morality: An Ethological\nApproach\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAllen, Bekoff - Topoi, 2005 - Springer\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this paper we argue that there is much to learn about wild justice\nand the evolutionary origins of morality behaving fairly by studying\nsocial play behavior in group-living mammals. Because of its relatively\nwide distribution among the mammals, ethological investigation of play,\ninformed by interdisciplinary cooperation, can provide a comparative\nperspective on the evolution of ethical behavior that is broader than is\nprovided by the usual focus on primate sociality. Careful analysis of\nsocial play reveals rules of engagement that guide animals in their\nsocial encounters. Because of its significance in development, play may\nprovide a foundation of fairness for other forms of cooperation that are\nadvantageous to group living. Questions about the evolutionary roots of\ncooperation, fairness, trust, forgiveness, and morality are best\nanswered by attention to the details of what animals do when they engage\nin social play how they negotiate agreements to cooperate, to forgive,\nto behave fairly, and to develop trust. We consider questions such as\nwhy play fairly? Why did play evolve as it has? Does being fair mean\nbeing more fit? Do individual variations in play influence an\nindividuals reproductive fitness? Can we use information about the\nfoundations of moral behavior in animals to help us understand\nourselves? We conclude that there is likely to be strong selection for\ncooperative fair play because there are mutual benefits when individuals\nadopt this strategy and group stability may also be fostered. Numerous\nmechanisms have evolved to facilitate the initiation and maintenance of\nsocial play, to keep others engaged, so that agreeing to play fairly and\nthe resulting benefits of doing so can be readily achieved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.i-mar.cl/noticias/2009/descarga/d075p087.pdf\"\u003eAquatic animals, cognitive ethology, and ethics: questions about\nsentience and other troubling issues that lurk in turbid\nwater\u003c/a\u003e (pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Diseases of aquatic organisms, 2007 - i-mar.cl\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this general, strongly pro-animal, and somewhat utopian and personal\nessay, I argue that we owe aquatic animals respect and moral\nconsideration just as we owe respect and moral consideration to all\nother animal beings, regardless of the taxonomic group to which they\nbelong. In many ways it is more difficult to convince some people of our\nethical obligations to numerous aquatic animals because we do not\nidentify or empathize with them as we do with animals with whom we are\nmore familiar or to whom we are more closely related, including those\nspecies (usually terrestrial) to whom we refer as charismatic megafauna.\nMany of my examples come from animals that are more well studied but\nthey can be used as models for aquatic animals. I follow Darwinian\nnotions of evolutionary continuity to argue that if we feel pain, then\nso too do many other animals, including those that live in aquatic\nenvirons. Recent scientific data (\u0026lsquo;science sense\u0026rsquo;) show clearly that\nmany aquatic organisms, much to some people\u0026rsquo;s surprise, likely suffer at\nour hands and feel their own sorts of pain. Throughout I discuss how\ncognitive ethology (the study of animal minds) is the unifying science\nfor understanding the subjective, emotional, empathic, and moral lives\nof animals because it is essential to know what animals do, think, and\nfeel as they go about their daily routines. Lastly, I argue that when we\nare uncertain if we are inflicting pain due to our incessant, annoying,\nand frequently unnec- essary intrusions into the lives of other animals\nas we go about \u0026lsquo;redecorating nature\u0026rsquo; (removing animals or moving them\nfrom place to place), we should err on the side of the animals and stop\nengaging in activities that cause pain and suffering. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.i-mar.cl/noticias/2009/descarga/d075p087.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1381606\"\u003eVariations in avoidance responses to humans by black-tailed prairie\ndogs (Cynomys\nludovicianus)\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nLengas, Bekoff - Journal of mammalogy, 1987 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nBlack-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludomcianus) are gregarious rodents\nthat typically live in large colonies (Hoogland, 1979; King, 1955,\n1959). The characteristic avoidance response displayed by these small\nmammals to the approach and presence of nonhuman predators (King, 1955)\nconsists of an alarm bark that servers to warn other group members of\nimpending danger, followed by running to the burrow and hiding (for\ndetails see Waring, 1970).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0003347295800999\"\u003eCheek rubbing as grooming by Abert\nsquirrels\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHalloran, Bekoff - Animal behaviour, 1995 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nCheek rubbing is thought to be a form of active scent marking in many\nterrestrial and arboreal sciurids. However, some observations of\narboreal sciurids suggest that cheek rubbing may also be a form of\nself-grooming. The purpose of this study was to examine possible\nfunctions of cheek rubbing by free-living Abert squirrels, Sciurus\naberti. When the frequencies of behaviour patterns that occurred within\na cheek-rubbing sequence were compared to the frequencies of acts that\noccurred at other times, grooming and alert behaviour patterns had a\nhigher probability of occurring, whereas travelling, nesting, and\nvarious social behaviour patterns (such as chasing) had a significantly\nlower probability of occurring during cheek-rubbing sequences.\nFood-related behaviour patterns or grooming usually preceded cheek\nrubbing. Cheek rubbing also did not predominantly occur at home-range\nboundaries or at nest sites. Although passive scent marking cannot be\nruled out, these results suggest that cheek rubbing by Abert squirrels\nhas evolved more as a form of self-grooming to remove food residue,\nrather than as active scent marking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/content/t0j7h803v2487x8w/\"\u003eAnimal minds, cognitive ethology, and\nethics\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAllen, Bekoff - The Journal of ethics, 2007 - Springer\u003cbr\u003e\nOur goal in this paper is to provide enough of an account of the origins\nof cognitive ethology and the controversy surrounding it to help\nethicists to gauge for themselves how to balance skepticism and\ncredulity about animal minds when communicating with scientists. We\nbelieve that ethicists arguments would benefit from better understanding\nof the historical roots of ongoing controversies. It is not appropriate\nto treat some widely reported results in animal cognition as if their\ninterpretations are a matter of scientific consensus. It is especially\nimportant to understand why loose references to cognitive ethology by\nphilosophers can signal ignorance of the field to scientists who are\nmore deeply immersed in the relevant literature. Understanding the\nvariety of approaches to cognitive phenomena in animals is essential if\nsuch capacities are to form the foundation of scientifically-informed\nethical reasoning about animals. (\u003ca href=\"#The-Cougar-Fund\"\u003eget pdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/s15327019eb0302_2\"\u003eAnimal welfare and individual characteristics: A conversation against\nspeciesism\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Gruen\u003cbr\u003e\nIt seems impossible for a human being not to have some point of view\nconcerning nonhuman animal (hereafter animal) welfare. Many people make\ndecisions about how humans are permitted to treat animals using\nspeciesist criteria, basing their decisions on an individual\u0026rsquo;s species\nmembership rather than on that animal\u0026rsquo;s individual characteristics.\nAlthough speciesism provides a convenient way for making difficult\ndecisions about who should be used in different types of research, we\nargue that such decisions should rely on an analysis of individual\ncharacteristics and should not be based merely on species membership. We\ndo not argue that the concept of species is never useful or important.\nTo make our points, we present a conversation among a skeptic, an\nagnostic, and a proponent of the view that our moral obligations to an\nanimal must be based on an analysis of that individual\u0026rsquo;s\ncharacteristics. In the course of the discussion, concepts such as\npersonhood, consciousness, cognitive ability, harm, and pain are\npresented, because one\u0026rsquo;s understanding of these concepts informs his or\nher ethical decisions about the use of animals by humans. ([get\npdf](\u003ca href=\"http://home.ku.edu.tr/canerdogan/public_html/comm/animal\"\u003ehttp://home.ku.edu.tr/canerdogan/public_html/comm/animal\u003c/a\u003e welfare.pdf)))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/1098-2337(1981)7:3%3C225::AID-AB2480070306%3E3.0.CO;2-I/abstract\"\u003eFighting patterns in young coyotes: initiation, escalation, and\nassessment\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, M Tyrrell, VE Lipetz, Jamieson - Aggressive Behavior, 1981 -\nWiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nThe fighting patterns of young coyotes were studied and 2,350 fights\nwere analyzed. Our results can be summarized as follows: 1) No major\ninjuries were sustained by any of the infants, even in unritualized\nbouts. 2) In pairs, there was no relationship between social rank and\nthe proportion of fights that were initiated by either animal. 3)\nDominant animals were more likely than subordinate individuals to\nescalate first (perform the first unprovoked dangerous move) during\nshort interactions and to escalate and then subsequently win short\nfights. 4) Highest-ranking (alpha) individuals in litters did not fight\nthe most. 5) Alpha individuals initiated 73% of the fights in which they\npartook. Alpha coyotes initiated and then won 86% of the contests that\nthey initiated. 6) For fourth-ranking coyotes in litters, there was a\nperfect positive correlation between the proportion of times that they\ninitiated fights and the proportion of times that they initiated and\nthen won encounters. They initiated interactions least with the first-\nto third-ranking animals. 7) Alpha and fourth-ranking animals escalated\nabout the same proportion of the time, but alpha coyotes escalated and\nthen won a greater proportion of fights. 8) Both alpha and\nfourth-ranking animals initiated and then escalated the greatest\nproportion of time with individuals nearest in rank, with whom they may\nhave experienced the greatest difficulty in assessing relative social\nstanding. 9) Our data suggested that individuals, especially in litters,\nwere able to make pre-fight assessments but that they were not perfect\nwith respect to this ability. During-fight assessments appeared to be\neasier to make, using escalation to test an opponent.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/159/\"\u003eCognitive ethology: The comparative study of animal\nminds\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Blackwell Companion to Cognitive Science, 1995 -\ncogprints.org\u003cbr\u003e\nCognitive ethology is the comparative, evolutionary, and ecological\nstudy of nonhuman animal (hereafter animal) minds including thought\nprocesses, beliefs, rationality, information-processing, and\nconsciousness. It is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field of\nscience that is attracting much attention from researchers in numerous\nand diverse disciplines including those interested in animal welfare\n(Cheney and Seyfarth, 1990; Ristau, 1991; Griffin, 1992; Allen and\nBekoff, 1995, 1997; Bekoff and Allen, 1996; Bekoff and Jamieson, 1996).\nCognitive ethology can trace its beginnings to the writings of Charles\nDarwin, an anecdotal cognitivist (Jamieson and Bekoff, 1993), and some\nof his contemporaries and disciples. Their approach incorporated appeals\nto evolutionary theory, interests in mental continuity, concerns with\nindividual and intraspecific variation, interests in the worlds of the\nanimals themselves, close associations with natural history, and\nattempts to learn more about the behavior of animals in conditions that\nare as close as possible to the natural environment where selection has\noccurred. They also relied on anecdote and anthropomorphism to inform\nand to motivate more rigorous study. In addition, cognitive ethologists\nare frequently concerned with the diversity of solutions that living\norganisms have found for common problems. They also emphasize broad\ntaxonomic comparisons and do not focus on a few select representatives\nof limited taxa. Many people inform their views of cognitive ethology by\nappealing to the same studies over and over again (usually those done on\nnonhuman primates), and ignore the fact that there are many other\nanimals who also show interesting patterns of behavior that lend\nthemselves to cognitive studies. (\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/159/1/199709004.html\"\u003esee\nhtml\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/pss/1313423\"\u003eResisting speciesism and expanding the community of\nequals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - BioScience, 1998 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nResisting speciesism and expanding the community of equals he issues\nwith which those interested in nonhuman animal (hereafter \u0026ldquo;animal\u0026rdquo;)\nprotection must deal are numerous, diverse, difficult, and extremely\ncontentious; interdisciplinary work is needed to try to come\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.133.8401\u0026amp;rep=rep1\u0026amp;type=pdf\"\u003eRedecorating nature: reflections on science, holism, community,\nhumility, reconciliation, spirit, compassion, and\nlove\u003c/a\u003e (pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Human Ecology Review, 2000 - Citeseer\u003cbr\u003e\nNumerous humans - in my opinion, far too many - con- tinue to live apart\nfrom nature, rather than as a part of nature. In this personal essay I\ndiscuss various aspects of traditional science and suggest that holistic\nand heart-driven compassionate science needs to replace reductionist and\nimpersonal science. I argue that creative proactive solutions drenched\nin deep caring, respect, and love for the universe need to be developed\nto deal with the broad range of prob- lems with which we are confronted.\nSimply put, I have had enough. I want the world to be a better place for\nall of its inhabitants and time is not on our side. I feel a deep sense\nof urgency and passionate impatience. We are worrying about wildness as\nit is disappearing right in front of our eyes - as I write and we\ndiscuss. Thus, I am willing to open myself to criticism, to be\nvulnerable for expressing views that are not part of main-stream\nscience. Rather than take a doomsday view that the world will not even\nexist in 100 years if we fail to accept our unique responsibilities, it\nis more disturbing to imagine a world in which humans and other life\ncoexist in the absence of any intimacy and interconnectedness. Surely we\ndo not want to be remembered as the generation that killed nature. To\nillustrate some of my points, I discuss various aspects of translocation\nstudies in which animals are moved about from one place to another in\nhumans attempts to redecorate nature. In these projects\ninterdisciplinary collaboration is necessary and disciplinary boundaries\nmust be trespassed. I also emphasize the importance of teaching chil-\ndren well for their and our futures rest on their developing a\ndeeply-rooted caring ethic. My vision is to create a world- wide\ncommunity in which humans perceive themselves as a part of nature and\nnot apart from her, in which humans who are overwhelmed and whose\nspirits and souls have been robbed and squelched by living in and\namongst steel, con- crete, asphalt, noise, and a multitude of invasions\nof their pri- vate space reconnect with raw nature - with the wind in\ntheir faces, the odors of wild flowers, and the sounds, sights, odors,\nand touch of other animals and inanimate environs. A world in which\nsensing is feeling. Nature is our uncondi- tional friend and\nreconnecting with nature can help overcome alienation and loneliness.\nThe power of love must not be underestimated as we forge ahead to\nreconnect with nature. (\u003ca href=\"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.133.8401\u0026amp;rep=rep1\u0026amp;type=pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0376635789900326\"\u003eFeralization: the making of wild domestic\nanimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Behavioural processes, 1989 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nThe widely accepted viewpoint that feralization is the reverse of\ndomestication requires that the feralization process be restricted to\npopulations of animals and, therefore, cannot occur in individuals. An\nalternative, ontogenetic approach is presented in which feralization is\ndefined as the process by which individual domestic animals either\nbecome desocialized from humans, or never become socialized, and thus\nbehave as untamed, non-domestic animals. Feralization will vary among\nspecies and, intraspecifically, will depend upon an individual\u0026rsquo;s age and\nhistory of socialization to humans. Because feralization is not equated\nwith morphological change resulting from evolutionary processes, species\nformation is not an accurate indicator of feral condition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/161/1/199710001.html\"\u003eDeep ethology\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Intimate relationships, embracing the natural world, 1997 -\ncogprints.org\u003cbr\u003e\nThe first four quotations make me ill ā€“ the fifth make me feel good. I\ncontinually ask myself how in the world can anyone who has any ā€“ even\nminimal ā€“ grounding in the world, write so coldly and objectively about\nthe pain and suffering that they produce in nonhuman, not subhuman,\nanimals (hereafter animals), or be so arrogant as to make claims like\nthose of Professor Howard, a biologist who often appeals to his lifelong\nwork with animals to motivate his positions on animal welfare. How are\nthey able to detach themselves from themselves and the animals about\nwhom they are trying to learn. Research should be fun; are they really\nhaving fun? And, if so, then how can producing pain and suffering be\nfun? Respecting all individual\u0026rsquo;s lives and treating them with dignity\nshould direct every single one of our interactions with the animals with\nwhom we share the planet. (\u003ca href=\"http://cogprints.org/161/1/199710001.html\"\u003esee\nhtml\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9744.2003.00546.x/abstract\"\u003eMinding animals, minding earth: Old brains, new\nbottlenecks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Zygon, 2003 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nI emphasize the importance of broadening behavioral, ecological, and\nconservation science into a more integrative, interdisciplinary,\nsocially responsible, compassionate, spiritual, and holistic endeavor. I\nstress the significance of studies of animal behavior, especially\nethological research concerned with animal emotions in which individuals\nare named and recognized for their own personalities, for helping us to\nlearn not only about the nonhuman animal beings with whom we share Earth\nbut also about who we are and our place in nature. We are best\nunderstood in relationship with others. To this end I develop the\nnotions of minding animals and deep ethology. Animals are sources of\nwisdom, a way of knowing.\u003cbr\u003e\nWe are all citizens of Earth, members of a global community in which\nintimate reciprocal and beneficent peaceful relationships are mandatory.\nA world without cruelty and with boundless compassion, respect, grace,\nhumility, spirituality, and love would be a better world in which to\nlive. We have compelling responsibilities for making Earth a better and\nmore peaceful habitat for all beings. It is essential that we do better\nthan our ancestors. We must reflect and step lightly as we redecorate\nnature. Time is not on our side.\u003cbr\u003e\nI plead for the development of heartfelt and holistic science that\nallows for joy and play. Science need not be suspicious of things it\ncannot fully understand. We must not avert our eyes or other senses from\nthe eyes and voices of other beings who urgently need our uncompromising\nand unconditional aid and love. We can do much more than we have done\nfor animals and the Earth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/4161205\"\u003eThe ontogeny and organization of comfort behavior in Adelie\npenguins\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Ainley - The Wilson Bulletin, 1979 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nThe development of comfort behaviors in AdÖ³Ā©lie Penguins and the\norganization of comfort activities in adults, were studied at Cape\nCrozier, Ross Island, Antarctica. Non-oiling and dry-oiling (feathers\nnot wet) comfort sequences were compared to one another; these results\nwere then compared to data collected by Ainley (1974) on wet-oiling by\nadults immediately after they emerged from the sea. For purposes of\nanalyzing the ontogeny of non-oiling comfort activities, chicks were\ngrouped into 3 groups: 7-13, 14-20 and 21-28 days of age. Dry-oiling was\nobserved in chicks 35-43 days of age. Our results were as follows. (1)\nOnly yawning occurred on the day after hatching. The earliest preening\nmovements appeared on day 7 (breast and belly preening). Oil\ndistribution behaviors appeared between days 30-33, the same period\nduring which the oil gland became functional. The first dry-oiling\nsequence was observed on day 35. (2) There was no difference in the\nduration of non-oil comfort sequences between chicks over 13 days of age\nand adults. Chicks performed fewer acts per min than did adults and\ntherefore the mean number of acts per sequence was lower in chicks. (3)\nIn general, behaviors were randomly distributed throughout comfort\nsequences. Exceptions include oiling by adults and chicks,\nbill-to-wing-edge by adults, and back preening by chicks. (4) During\ntransitions from 1 act to another, chicks aged 21-28 days remained on\nthe same side of the body and in the same area with the same relative\nfrequency as non-oiling adults. (5) Dry-oiling by chicks and adults\nshared many common characteristics: (i) oiling occurred non-randomly in\nthe beginning of the sequences, (ii) the relative frequency of\noccurrence of breast and belly preening was the same, (iii) during\ntransitions from 1 act to another, the groups did not differ with\nrespect to remaining on the same side of the body and in the same body\narea, (iv) actions leading to and immediately following oiling occurred\nvery frequently (\u0026gt; 78%) on the same side of the body to which the head\nwas turned when gathering oil in the bill. (\u003ca href=\"http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Wilson/v091n02/p0255-p0270.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://landofpuregold.com/store/1animal-emotions-sentience.pdf\"\u003eAnimal Emotions and Animal Sentience and Why They Matter: Blending\n\u0026lsquo;Science Sense\u0026rsquo; with Common Sense, Compassion and\nHeart\u003c/a\u003e (pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Animals, Ethics and Trade. London: Earthscan, 2006 -\nlandofpuregold.com\u003cbr\u003e\nDiscussions of animal emotions and animal sentience are wonderful for\nraising difficult and frustrating questions. This chapter is intended to\nbe a non- traditional essay and I hope it generates kind discussion and\nthat what I talk about is not dismissed on the grounds that Im simply\nlosing my mind. I assure you Im not. Well, at least I think Im not. I\nsimply want to put forth some ideas that some might find controversial.\nThrowing caution to the wind is a good thing to do from time to time. It\nmakes us dig deeply into our minds and hearts to see who we are and what\nwe think about matters at hand. And sometimes we dont like where we end\nup, which can be outside of our com- fort zones. (\u003ca href=\"http://landofpuregold.com/store/1animal-emotions-sentience.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/berg/anthroz/1998/00000011/00000003/art00006\"\u003eTranslocation effects on the behavior of black-tailed prairie dogs\n(Cynomys\nludovicianus)\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nFarrar, Coleman, Bekoff, Stone - Anthrozoos: A Multidisciplinary Journal\nof The Interactios of People \u0026amp; Animals, 1998 - ingentaconnect.com\u003cbr\u003e\nWe examined the effects of translocation on Black-tailed prairie dog\n(Cynomys ludovicianus) anti-predator behavior by recording response\ndistances and response times to a human intruder in three colonies\ncontaining native, translocated, and combined native and translocated\nprairie dogs. The translocated prairie dogs barked alarms and concealed\nthemselves at significantly greater intruder distances than mixed or\nnative colonies. However, individuals in different colonies did not\ndiffer in the time taken to return to a burrow, to conceal themselves\nafter a human approached the colony, or in the time elapsed after\nconcealment until an animal reappeared. Translocated prairie dogs\nexhibited nearly twice the distance sensitivity to intrusion as native\nprairie dogs. Increased sensitivity to disturbance complicates\nmanagement considerations of translocated populations that are subject\nto human traffic. This increase in sensitivity may necessitate\ntranslocation to isolated or undisturbed sites, protecting sites from\ndisturbance, translocating larger groups of prairie dogs, or all three\nin order for translocated populations to persist.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/index/WJT3G388072VWJ22.pdf\"\u003eSocial cognition: Exchanging and sharing information on the\nrun\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Erkenntnis, 1999 - Springer\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this essay I consider various aspects of the rapidly growing field of\ncognitive ethology, concentrating mainly on evolutionary and comparative\ndiscussion of the notion of intentionality. I am not concerned with\nconsciousness, per se, for a concentration on consciousness deflects\nattention from other, and in many cases more interesting, problems in\nthe study of animal cognition. I consider how, when, where, and (attempt\nto discuss) why individuals from different taxa exchange social\ninformation concerning their beliefs, desires, and goals. My main\nexamples come from studies of social play in mammals and antipredator\nbehavior in birds. Basically, I argue that although not all individuals\nalways display behavior patterns that are best explained by appeals to\nintentionality, it is misleading to argue that such explanations have no\nplace in the study of animal cognition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/pss/1382254\"\u003eAnimals, nature, and ethics\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Hettinger - Journal of mammalogy, 1994 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nRecently, Howard (1993, Journal of Mammalogy, 74:234-235) argued for the\ndefensibility of research on nonhuman animals (hereafter animals).\nUnfortunately, his essay is unnecessarily combative, lacking in detail,\nunbalanced, and poorly argued. Howard (1993) unfairly and mistakenly\nstereotypes as biologically naive anyone who rejects his position that\nnature\u0026rsquo;s poor treatment of wild animals justifies animal research. Those\ninterested in the morality of animal research deserve better guidance\nthan what Howard (1993) provides. Here, we analyze Howard\u0026rsquo;s (1993)\nclaims and their implications, present relevant literature on ethics and\nanimals, and conclude that much work remains to be done to understand\nand properly appreciate the moral dimensions of animal research. The\nquestions raised about uses of animals by humans in various activities,\nincluding research, are difficult and demand careful interdisciplinary\nanalysis. Simple answers should not be expected. We explore some of the\nissues and make them accessible to a wide audience, including practicing\nscientists.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1989.tb00508.x/abstract\"\u003eMeasuring dominance and constructing hierarchies: an example using mule\ndeer\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nTomback, Wachtel, Driscoll, Bekoff - Ethology, 1989 - Wiley Online\nLibrary\u003cbr\u003e\nImportant issues that are still unresolved in the study of animal social\ngroups are how dominance is measured and how individuals are ranked.\nBased on observations of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus), we\nconstructed hierarchies for the same 26 bucks using five potential\ncorrelates of dominance and three measures based on the outcome of\nagonistic interactions. Data for each of six behavior measures were\nconverted to ranks by six different numerical techniques.\u003cbr\u003e\nDifferent measures of behavior resulted in different hierarchies. This\nwas especially so when the hierarchy based on sparring rates was\ncompared to hierarchies based on other criteria. Although our results\nshowed that dominance is not a unitary concept, several measures of\ndominance were highly correlated with one another. Thus, one measure, in\nsome instances, may be a good but imperfect predictor of dominance\ndefined by other criteria.\u003cbr\u003e\nFor data sets based on index scores or rates of performing behavior, the\nmean difference and standard-error difference ranking methods had\ndistinct advantages. Both produced equally weighted ranks that minimized\nthe effects of sampling errors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://arbs.biblioteca.unesp.br/index.php/arbs/article/viewArticle/112\"\u003eWhy Good Welfare Isn\u0026rsquo;t Good Enough: Minding Animals and Increasing Our\nCompassionate\nFootprint\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Annual Review of Biomedical Sciences, 2008 -\narbs.biblioteca.unesp.br\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this brief essay I take a broad perspective on the notion of\nunraveling welfare and consider animals living in different conditions\nranging from caged individuals in laboratories and zoos to free-living\nor almost free-living wildlife. Ill step outside of the laboratory\nbecause billions of animals are slaughtered for food in an industry that\ntortures them on the way to their reprehensible deaths and at the places\nat which they are slaughtered. Furthermore, government agencies around\nthe world kill millions of free-living and wild animals because theyre\nsupposedly pests. This is a different sort of essay but I hope it will\nstimulate people to rethink what we mean by the phrase animal welfare in\na broad and constructive ways because the way people interact with\nanimals in laboratories is influenced by how they see animals in other\ncontexts including outside of caged environments. Unraveling animal\nwelfare means unscrambling our interrelationships with other animals by\nasking difficult questions about who we think we are, who we think they\nare, what we think we know, what we actually know. Ill argue that good\nwelfare isnt good enough because existing laws and regulations still\nallow animals to be subjected to enduring pain and suffering and death\nin the name of science, which really means in the name of humans. We\nmust do better for all animals and we can do so by taking into account\nthe perspective of the each and every individual who we use for\nresearch, education, amusement, and for food and clothing. We must also\nconsider individuals who we house in zoos and move around as if theyre\npieces of furniture, for example, when zoos redecorate themselves\nbecause they need an ambassador for a given species or because an\nindividual no longer brings in money. And we must also consider the fate\nof individuals when we redecorate nature by moving animals here and\nthere for our and not their benefit; is it permissible to trade off the\nlife of an individual for the good of their species? The emotional lives\nof animals are not all that private, hidden, or secret and animal\nemotions and sentience force us to care for them and to protect them\nfrom pain, suffering, and death. I conclude that everyone can do more to\nincrease their compassion footprint and list ten reasons why animals are\nasking us to treat them better or leave them alone, and these reasons\nalso bear on the unraveling of animal welfare. (\u003ca href=\"http://arbs.biblioteca.unesp.br/index.php/arbs/article/viewFile/1806-8774.2008.v10pT1/99\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1974-20398-001\"\u003eEffects of serial lesions in cat visual cortex on a brightness\ndiscrimination\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Lockwood, - Brain Research, 1973 - psycnet.apa.org\u003cbr\u003e\nReports the effects on a dark-light discrimination of serial unilateral\nlesions of the visual cortex of cats and compares these results with the\npreviously reported effects of simultaneous, bilateral lesions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online\u0026amp;aid=7441912\"\u003eCollecting birds: The importance of moral\ndebate\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Elzanowski - Bird Conservation International, 1997 - Cambridge\nUniv Press\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a recent article in this journal, Remsen (1995) attacked moral (and\nother) objections to killing birds for museum collections, objections\nthat are frequently raised by the general public and scientific\ncommunity alike. The only grounds for moral objections against killing\nbirds that Remsen considers and rejects are reverence for all life or\npersonal (p. 157; all page references refer to Remsen 1995), that is\nsentimental (p. 165) reasons. What Remsen ignores is avian sentience and\nthe moral imperative of respecting it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[[\u003ca href=\"http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1641/0006-3568(2000)050%5B0635:RNDSHF%5D2.0.CO;2\"\u003ehttp://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1641/0006-3568(2000)050%5B0635:RNDSHF%5D2.0.CO;2\u003c/a\u003e][Redecorating\nnature: Deep science, holism, feeling, and heart]]\u003cbr\u003e\nBEKOFF - BioScience, 2000 - BioOne\u003cbr\u003e\nBack off, man, I\u0026rsquo;m a scientist. I\u0026rsquo;ve been haunted by this bumper sticker\nfor many years. I\u0026rsquo;m a scientist. I love what I do.Doing science is fun.\nWhen I first saw this slogan, it bothered me because I thought it sent a\nfalse message concerning the arrogance of scientists ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/berg/anthroz/1999/00000012/00000002/art00006\"\u003eBehavioral interactions and conflict among domestic dogs, black-tailed\nprairie dogs, and people in Boulder,\nColorado\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Ickes - Anthrozoos: A Multidisciplinary Journal of The\nInteractions of People \u0026amp; Animals, 1999 - ingentaconnect.com\u003cbr\u003e\nInteractions among domestic dogs (Canis familiaris), black-tailed\nprairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus), and people were studied at Dry\nCreek, Boulder, Colorado. Our objective was to develop a basic\nunderstanding of the nature of dog-prairie dog interactions in this\nrecreational area, because this is an issue that has high visibility and\nover which there is conflict in Boulder: There are those who want dogs\nto run free regardless of their impact on the behavior and lives of\nprairie dogs and those who want to protect prairie dogs and have dogs\nrestrained or go elsewhere. We found that dogs clearly influenced the\nbehavior of prairie dogs, however, no prairie dogs were known to be\ncaught or killed by any dog during the course of study. Prairie dogs\ndisturbed by dogs were more alert (vigilant) and wary of dogs and played\nless than undisturbed individuals. However, disturbed prairie dogs were\nless wary of the presence of humans than undisturbed animals. People\ntried to stop dogs from harassing prairie dogs only 25% of the time. A\nsurvey showed that 58% of people polled at Dry Creek (all dog owners)\ndid not believe that prairie dogs should be protected even if dogs are a\nproblem. Increased human responsibility would likely go a long way\ntowards reducing existing conflict among people wanting to protect\nprairie dogs and those who do not. Boulder city officials have not yet\nincorporated our data into their immediate management plans. However, by\nidentifying the nature of dog-prairie dog encounters and specific areas\nof conflict among people who side either with dogs or prairie dogs, in\nthe future, proactive strategies grounded by empirical data can be\ndeveloped and implemented so that the interests of all parties can be\naccommodated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026240790761358X\"\u003eToo stressed to\nwork\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBaldwin, Bekoff - The New Scientist Volume 194, Issue 2606, 2 June\n2007\u003cbr\u003e\nScientists must provide lab animals with decent living conditions or\naccept that their results could be useless\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1989.tb00751.x/abstract\"\u003eSocial play and physical training: When not enough may be\nplenty\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Ethology, 1989 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nHOLE\u0026rsquo;S (1988) detailed analysis of temporal aspects of social play in\nlaboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus) is an excellent example of what is\nneeded in play research. Nonetheless, I believe that his and others\u0026rsquo;\n(McDonald 1977; also see Fagen 1981) rejection of the importance of\nsocial play for physical training based on the duration of play bouts is\npremature ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/pss/3672827\"\u003eHome range use by Abert squirrels: a comparative\nanalysis\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - The Southwestern Naturalist, 2000 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nWe compared data from an analysis of space use by Abert squirrels\n(Sciurus aberti) performed in 1991 with data from a previous study\nperformed in 1971 at the same study site (Farentinos, 1979). In both\nstudies, home range estimates based on the 100% minimum convex polygon\n(MCP) method were positively correlated with sample size. The number of\nhome range sightings used for calculations in the current study was\nsignificantly larger for both males and females when compared to that\nused by Farentinos (1979), as were estimates of home range. Results from\nthe current study also contradict Farentinos\u0026rsquo; earlier findings that\nmales have larger home ranges during the breeding season than the\nnonbreeding season, and that males have larger home ranges during the\nbreeding season than females year around. The method used to estimate\nhome range sizes may have influenced the results, and the 100% MCP\nmethod may be of limited use for drawing meaningful biological\ncomparisons, unless sample size is held constant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0140525X00036001\"\u003eBeyond monkey minds: Toward a richer cognitive\nethology\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Townsend, Jamieson - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1994 -\nCambridge Univ Press\u003cbr\u003e\nThe stimulating discussions presented in the BBS target article by\nCheney \u0026amp; Seyfarth (C\u0026amp;S) (1992) and in the commentaries concerning their\nbook, How monkeys see the world (C\u0026amp;S 1990b), clarify many issues in the\ngrowing field of cognitive ethology.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.blueskybroadcast.com/Client/PRIMR_IACUC/pdfnew/4.pdf\"\u003eThe public lives of\nanimals\u003c/a\u003e (pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2006 - blueskybroadcast.com\u003cbr\u003e\nA few years ago I visited a major American university where I was asked\nto give a talk on the nature of animal emotions. My colleague, Bill,\ncame up before the lecture to say hello and I asked him how his dog Reno\nwas doing. For more than five minutes Bill extolled Renos deep emotional\nlife he loves to play with his friends, misses Bill when hes gone, has\nseparation anxiety and tears up garbage and books when hes alone, and a\nfew days ago Reno got jealous when Bill gave his daughter attention ā€¦\nFollowing my talk Bill accused me of being too anthropomorphic and too\nsure of myself. He did it in a sort of light-hearted academic way. When\nhe was done I simply asked him to recall for the audience the\nconversation that we had before my lec- ture about Renos emotional life.\nBill turned slightly red ā€¦ (\u003ca href=\"http://www.blueskybroadcast.com/Client/PRIMR_IACUC/pdfnew/4.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9744.2004.00625.x/abstract\"\u003eThe other side of silence: Rachel Carson\u0026rsquo;s views of\nanimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Nystrom - Zygon, 2004 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nThe publication of Rachel Carson\u0026rsquo;s Silent Spring in 1962 is widely\nregarded as one of the major events that launched the modern\nenvironmental movement. Silent Spring is a compelling blend of stories,\nnatural history, human val- ues, and biological facts. In this essay we\nconsider Carsons attitude toward animals in Silent Spring and in other\ntexts. Despite the facts that she was raised to love Nature and ani-\nmals, little direct attention has been given to Carsons views about our\nmoral responsibilities to, and the moral standing of animals. Carson\nfavored responsible stewardship, was more of an animal welfarist and\nenvironmentalist/conservation biologist who privileged ecosystems and\nspecies than an ani- mal activist who privileged individuals, and she\ndid not advo- cate an animal rights agenda. There is clear tension in\nCarsons text. Often she seemed troubled by attempting to come across as\na moderate and practical scientist and some of her words, when\nconsidered out of context, could lead one to label Carson as an animal\nrightist. While some of Carsons text favors human-centered interests,\nshe did not believe that only humans counted. Her warnings about silent\nsprings silent seasons must be taken seriously, perhaps even more\nseriously than when they were penned more than four decades ago. Surely,\non the other side of silence, await magic, awe, and Natures cacophony of\nsounds along with a panoply of innumerable other sensory (visual and\nolfactory) experiences that help us to feel at one with all of Nature.\nWe must be careful never to allow Nature to be silenced. Carson was a\npassionate and extremely influential activist, and there is no doubt\nthat if there were a world of Rachel Carsons in charge of our global\nenvironmental policies, we and our fellow animals would surely be in\nmuch better shape than we currently are. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.humanecologyreview.org/pastissues/her112/bekoffnystrom.pdf?q=silence-of-the-bulls\"\u003esee\npdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1439-0310.1999.00438.x/full\"\u003eFeeding decisions by Steller\u0026rsquo;s jays (Cyanocitta stelleri): The utility\nof a logistic regression model for analyses of where, what, and with\nwhom to\neat\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, C Allen - Ethology, 1999 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is widely recognized that animal behavior is simultaneously affected\nby many variables. Both the study of interactions between these\nvariables under naturalistic conditions and the proper statistical\nanalysis of data derived from such studies remain particular problems\nfor ethologists. In the present study we investigated choices by\nStellers jays (Cyanocitta stelleri) selecting between two feeding\nlocations under a variety of conditions. A multifactor logistic\nregression analysis of our data showed that the jays behavior was\nsimultaneously affected by several variables, including proximity of the\nfeeding site to cover, food preferences, and the presence of\nconspecifics and other animals. We found that (1) jays strongly\npreferred an unoccupied feeder over one occupied by another jay or a\nsympatric mammal with the effect of squirrels being much greater than\nthat of other jays, (2) contrary to our expectations, in the absence of\na reason to prefer the other feeder, the jays generally selected the\nfeeder that was further from nearest cover, and (3) the presence of\nsunflower seeds on one feeder but not on the other provided a reason to\nprefer the feeder offering sunflower seeds. The logistic regression\nanalysis provided a more complete and integrated model of the birds\nbehavior than more commonly used univariate methods. Our approach and\nresults are also applicable to studies of other animals. While\nunivariate analyses are useful in some instances, multifactor procedures\nreveal more details about the interactions of single factors and future\nexperimental studies can take advantage of this additional knowledge.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0140525X00072356\"\u003eThe animal\u0026rsquo;s point of view, animal welfare and some other related\nmatters\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1991 - Cambridge Univ Press\u003cbr\u003e\nTo study animal welfare empirically we need an objective basis for\ndeciding when an animal is suffering. Suffering includes a wide range of\nunpleasant emotional states such as fear, boredom, pain, and hunger.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/anim3\u0026amp;section=7\"\u003eDo Dogs Apeā€“or Do Apes Dogā€“and Does it Matterā€“Broadening and Deepening\nCognitive\nEthology\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Animal L., 1997 - HeinOnline\u003cbr\u003e\nIn Rain Without Thunder, Gary Francione raises numerous important issues\nand takes on many important people. The phrase \u0026ldquo;rain without thunder\u0026rdquo;\nmade me think about the notion of animals without minds - animals\nwithout thoughts or feelings. This idea is troublesome ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407907613165\"\u003eAre you feeling what I\u0026rsquo;m\nfeeling?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - The New Scientist, 2007 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nIf you doubt that non-human animals have emotions, just look at them,\nlisten to them and inhale the odours that pour out when they interact\nwith friend or foe. I believe that what you see on the outside speaks\nvolumes about what is happening inside an animal\u0026rsquo;s head and heart. Not\nlong ago, the notion that animals have emotions was considered\nsubversive, but opinion is changing. In recent years, reputable\nscientific journals have published research about moral dogs and chimps,\njoyful rats, grieving elephants, empathetic mice and fearful fish. Just\nwatching a frolicking wolf, a whimpering dog, or a squealing piglet\nhaving his tail and testicles cut off without an anaesthetic is enough\nto convince me that these are emotional beings. The evidence of a single\nanecdote may not be very scientific, but as philosopher Dale Jamieson\nsays, the plural of anecdote is data. What\u0026rsquo;s more, anecdotes such as\nthose I recount in this article can also inspire new research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.mendeley.com/research/animal-emotions-wild-justice-matter-grieving-magpies-pissy-baboon-empathic-elephants/\"\u003eAnimal emotions, wild justice and why they matter: Grieving magpies, a\npissy baboon, and empathic\nelephants\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Emotion Space and Society, 2009 - mendeley.com\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this article regarding comparative and evolutionary research on\nanimal emotions and morality, the author holds that non-human animals\nhave emotional lives, and considers human emotions as gifts from other\nanimals. Emotions serve as a social glue to bond animals with one\nanother, catalyze and regulate a wide variety of social encounters among\nfriends, lovers, and competitors, and permit animals to behave\nadaptively and flexibly using various behavior patterns in a wide\nvariety of venues. In addition, emotions are also important in nonsocial\nsituations and influence how humans and other animals relate to their\nwider environment. The author asserts that non-human animals have a kind\nof moral intelligence, and presents scientific theory, experimental\nevidence, and anecdotal evidence to support that view.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.com/books?hl=en\u0026amp;lr=\u0026amp;id=s7Zv6-_C3MoC\u0026amp;oi=fnd\u0026amp;pg=PA229\u0026amp;dq=Marc+Bekoff\u0026amp;ots=Tg8ddM2DVg\u0026amp;sig=rW-lAYZQS7i4AAtWVQLh_ZiTkRg\"\u003eIntentionality, Social Play, and\nDefinition\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Bekoff/Jamieson, 1996 - books.google.com\u003cbr\u003e\nMany behavioral biologists consider play an important behavioral\nphenotype. They have a hard time, however, coming up with a consensus\ndefinition of play. Most biologists who have observed mammals in the\nfield can give examples of behaviors they consider to be playful ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/content/0568786lm0328600/\"\u003eSPACE-OUT: graphics programs to study and to simulate space use and\nmovement\npatterns\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Wieland, Lavender - Behavior Research Methods, 1982 - Springer\u003cbr\u003e\nRecent reviews (Koeppl, Slade, \u0026amp; Hoffmann, 1975; Michener, 1979; Waser \u0026amp;\nWiley, 1980, and references therein) have stressed the importance of\nspatial analyses for furthering our understanding of the ways in which\nspace use and movements within an animal\u0026rsquo;s home ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9780470384947.ch2/summary\"\u003eThe question of animal emotions: an ethological\nperspective\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Mental Health and WellBeing in Animals, 2004 - Wiley Online\nLibrary\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is hard to watch elephants\u0026rsquo; remarkable behavior during a family or\nbond group greeting ceremony, the birth of a new family member, a\nplayful interaction, the mating of a relative, the rescue of a family\nmember, or the arrival of a musth male, and not imagine that they feel ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://en.scientificcommons.org/45989633\"\u003eGroup living, natal philopatry, and Lindstroem\u0026rsquo;s lottery: It\u0026rsquo;s all in\nthe family\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Trends in Ecology \u0026amp; Evolution, 1987 -\nen.scientificcommons.org\u003cbr\u003e\nGroup living, natal philopatry, and Lindstrom\u0026rsquo;s lottery: It\u0026rsquo;s all in the\nfamily (1987).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9744.2008.00959.x/abstract\"\u003eIncreasing Our Compassion Footprint: The Animals\u0026rsquo;\nManifesto\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Zygon, 2008 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nOur relationships with animals are wide-ranging. When people tell me\nthat they love animals and then harm or kill them I tell them I\u0026rsquo;m glad\nthey don\u0026rsquo;t love me. Many individuals, including scientists, ignore their\nresponsibility when they interact with animals and fail to recognize\nthat doing something in the name of science, which usually means in the\nname of humans, is not an adequate reason for intentionally causing\nsuffering, pain, or death. Good welfare usually is not good enough.\nExisting regulations allow animals to be treated in regrettable ways\nthat demean us as a species. Compassion is the key for bettering both\nanimal and human lives. A good way to make the world a more\ncompassionate place for animals is to increase our compassion footprint.\nWe could begin by deciding that we will not intrude on animals\u0026rsquo; lives\nunless our actions are in the best interests of the animals irrespective\nof our desires. It is simple to make more compassionate choices about\nwhat we eat and wear and how we educate students, conduct research, and\nentertain ourselves at the expense of animals. The time to make these\nchanges is long overdue. ([get\npdf](\u003ca href=\"http://literati.net/Bekoff/Increasing\"\u003ehttp://literati.net/Bekoff/Increasing\u003c/a\u003e our compassion footprint.pdf)))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cog/bb/1997/00000012/f0020003/art00004\"\u003eFeeding behavior in Steller\u0026rsquo;s jays (Cyanocitta stelleri): effects of\nfood type and social\ncontext\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Allen, Wolfe - Bird Behavior, 12, 1997 - ingentaconnect.com\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this study we analyzed various factors affecting the activities in\nwhich Steller\u0026rsquo;s jays (Cyanocitta stelleri) engaged while feeding. We\nfound that the rate of pecking at seeds by jays was affected by\navailable seed type and the presence and activity of nearby\nconspecifics. Jays at an artificial feeding platform seemed to pay\nattention to other individuals, in that they pecked at a lower rate when\nanother jay was nearby, except when the otherjay was feeding at a\ndifferent platform. The decreased feeding rate when twojays shared the\nsame feeding platform is contrary to the widely reported pattern of\nincreased feeding and decreased scanning correlated with increased group\nsize in various species. Our analysis suggests that this pattern of\nbehavior fits with observations that Steller\u0026rsquo;s jays show site-specific\ndominance, mutual interference at a concentrated food source, and do not\nlive in structured flocks with consistent membership.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.com/books?hl=en\u0026amp;lr=\u0026amp;id=s7Zv6-_C3MoC\u0026amp;oi=fnd\u0026amp;pg=PA359\u0026amp;dq=Marc+Bekoff\u0026amp;ots=Tg8ddS7AZb\u0026amp;sig=telP4gKd9cp5vJJogMNiAE1cqtg\"\u003eAfterward: Ethics and the study of animal\ncognition\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJamieson, Bekoff - Readings in Animal Cognition, 1996 -\nbooks.google.com\u003cbr\u003e\nIn the heyday of logical empiricism (circa 1930-1960), science was seen\nas the purest of human activities. There was a single thing that was\u0026quot;\nthe scientific method\u0026quot;; observations were distinct from and unaffected\nby theoretical commitments; theories were \u0026ldquo;sets of sentences\u0026rdquo; that made\nno essential referenc to knowers; explanation and prediction were\nregarded as formal relations between sentences that in principle could\nbe made mechanical, and all of this theorizing, explaining, and\npredicting was thought to be uncontaminated by values.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.cogsci.ecs.soton.ac.uk/cgi/psyc/newpsy?4.37\"\u003eShould scientists bond with the animals who they use? Why\nnot\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Psycoloquy, 1993 - en.scientificcommons.org\u003cbr\u003e\nThis volume is a rare find, an edited volume that is worth reading in\nits entirety. A combination of information from studies on captive and\nwild animals is needed to come to a fuller understanding of the many\ndifferent aspects of scientist-animal interactions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.com/books?hl=en\u0026amp;lr=\u0026amp;id=QWnl0ZMnXZ0C\u0026amp;oi=fnd\u0026amp;pg=PA381\u0026amp;dq=Marc+Bekoff\u0026amp;ots=RDqqVN2rl4\u0026amp;sig=DmzCFqJVpEeTDoBD-_G_vYh3_J0\"\u003eCunning coyotes: Tireless tricksters, protean\npredators\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Model systems in behavioral ecology, 2001 - books.google.com\u003cbr\u003e\nCoyotes (Canis latrans) are amazing carnivores. They are many things to\nmany people. They wear many faces that affect different people in\ndifferent ways. They are victims of their own success.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1368608\"\u003eBreeding behavior of evening\ngrosbeaks\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Condor, 1991 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom 1983-1987 we studied the breeding behavior of Evening Grosbeaks\n(Coccothraustes vespertinus) living in the Front Range of the Rocky\nMountains of Colorado. These birds were typically monogamous; at only\none of 64 nests (1.6%) was polygny documented. Reproductive behaviors\nperformed by adult males and females were first analyzed across all\nmating seasons and then with respect to five consecutive nest stages\n(build/egg laying, incubate, brood, brood/fledge, fledge) and the\noutcome (success or failure) of individual nests. Adult males and\nfemales contributed unequally to the ten most frequently observed\nbehaviors; half were performed almost exclusively by one or the other\nsex. Males typically fed and protected their mates and what we presumed\nto be their young; whereas females usually built the nest, incubated,\nbrooded, and also fed their young. Feeding, soft calling from the perch,\nand fecal removal were performed relatively equally by adult males and\nfemales. The success or failure of nests was not associated with\npatterns of parental behavior. Our results indicate that Evening\nGrosbeaks formed a partnership in which they divided the effort involved\nin nest preparation and raising the young at the high altitude where\nthis population was observed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0140525X00010943\"\u003eFunctional aspects of play as revealed by structural components and\nsocial interaction\npatterns\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1982 - Cambridge Univ Press\u003cbr\u003e\nFunctional aspects of play as revealed by structural components and\nsocial interaction patterns.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12829313\"\u003eWhere\u0026rsquo;s the brain? Geometric and cognitive underpinnings of group-size\neffects on vigilance\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Behavioural processes, 2003 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u003cbr\u003e\nWhere\u0026rsquo;s the brain? Geometric and cognitive underpinnings of group-size\neffects on vigilance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/content/k2114087p91320qg/\"\u003eLife-history patterns and sociality in canids: body size, reproduction,\nand behavior\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Diamond - Oecologia, 1981 - Springer\u003cbr\u003e\nEmpirical associations among co-adapted traits such as body size and\npatterns of reproduction, development, and behavior are unknown for most\nanimal species, despite numerous theories suggesting otherwise. One way\nto study these complex relationships is first to consider closely\nrelated species and then to generalize findings to other groups. In the\npresent study, relationships among body size, reproductive patterns,\ndevelopment, and sociality were examined in 17 members of the family\nCanidae (canids). Large canids are more social than smaller species, and\noffspring of large species achieve independence and tend to breed first\nat a later age. Large females give birth to absolutely larger young, but\nrelative to their own body weight they allocate fewer resources to\nbringing a large pup to term. Overall, sexual dimorphism in size is\nsmall to moderate, and this is associated with monogamous mating habits\nand paternal care of young.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[[\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/info/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051%5B0171:SRCASM%5D2.0.CO;2\"\u003ehttp://www.jstor.org/stable/info/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051\\0171:SRCASM\\2.0.CO;2\u003c/a\u003e][Science,\nreligion, cooperation, and social morality]] BEKOFF - BioScience,\n2001 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nFew scientists and religious scholars have seriously pondered how\nscience and religion can be reconciled. But times are changing. Not long\nago I attended two meetings that brought together scientists,\ntheologians, and religious scholars to discuss just that issue. The\nfirst gathering was part of the Science and the Spiritual Quest II\nprogram () sponsored by the Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences\nin Berkeley, California. The other was organized by the American\nAssociation for the Advancement of Science. Participants at both of\nthese meetings spoke freely about science (evolutionary biology,\nethology, neuroscience, anthropology, psychology), theology, religion,\nand God, and made a lot of progress in their interdisciplinary efforts\nto address the confluence of religion and science. Social morality is a\nsubject at the intersection of religion and science, one that can unite\npeople from different disciplines. Many peoplelaymen, theologians,\nscientistswonder whether some nonhuman animal beings (hereafter animals)\nhave codes of social conduct that regulate their behavior during social\nencounters. Charles Darwin\u0026rsquo;s ideas about evolutionary continuitythat\nbehavioral, cognitive (intellectual), and emotional variations among\ndifferent species are differences in degree rather than in kindare often\ninvoked in such exercises.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/index/m4650w34q2262207.pdf\"\u003eBut is it research? What price interdisciplinary\ninterests?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Biology and Philosophy, 1994 - Springer\u003cbr\u003e\nThat interdisciplinary work has become the rule, rather than the\nexception, in many branches of science and in many areas of the\nhumanities, is a gross understatement. One needs only to consider the\nrifles of various journals, the names of various professional societies,\nor peruse the shelves of book stores to see that interdisciplinary\ninterests abound.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/content/b402088x532l0544/\"\u003eA method for the analysis of activity and spatial relations in animal\ngroups\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Corcoran - Behavior Research Methods, 1975 - Springer\u003cbr\u003e\nScientists interested in animal social organization frequently need to\nask questions concerning the interindiual spatial relations among\nmembers of a group (the use of space), but often omit consideration of\nthe ways in which interindividual spatial relations and individual\nactivity patterns are related to one another.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar?q=cache:JMzoV-7dMGMJ:scholar.google.com/+Marc+Bekoff\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;as_sdt=0,5\"\u003eConsidering Animals Not Higher\nPrimates\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Zygon, 2003\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this essay I argue that many nonhuman animal beings are conscious and\nhave some sense of self. Rather than ask whether they are conscious, I\nadopt an evolutionary perspective and ask why consciousness and a sense\nof self evolved - what are they good for? Comparative studies of animal\ncognition, ethological investigations that explore what it is like to be\na certain animal, are useful for answering this question. Charles Darwin\nargued that the differences in cognitive abilities and emotions among\nanimals are differences in degree rather than differences in kind, and\nhis view cautions against the unyielding claim that humans, and perhaps\nother great apes and cetaceans, are the only species in which a sense of\nself-awareness has evolved. I conclude that there are degrees of\nconsciousness and self among animals and that it is likely that no\nanimal has the same highly developed sense of self as that displayed by\nmost humans. Many animals have a sense of body-ness or mine-ness but not\na sense of I-ness. Darwin\u0026rsquo;s ideas about evolutionary continuity,\ntogether with empirical data (science sense) and common sense, will help\nus learn more about consciousness and self in animals. Answers to\nchallenging questions about animal self-awareness have wide-ranging\nsignificance, because they are often used as the litmus test for\ndetermining and defending the sorts of treatments to which animals can\nbe morally subjected. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.petakillsanimals.comwww.animalliberationfront.com/Philosophy/ZygonSelf.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2459817\"\u003eAnimal play and behavioral\ndiversity\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - The American Naturalist, 1975 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nFagen\u0026rsquo;s (1974) recent paper concerning selective and evolutionary\naspects of animal play provides very interesting reading for those\nscientists interested in this category of behavior.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar?q=cache:GTakxOR7T-0J:scholar.google.com/+Marc+Bekoff\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;as_sdt=0,5\"\u003eIgnoring nature: Why we do it, the dire consequences, and the need for\na paradigm shift to Save animals, habitats, and\nourselves\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Bexell - Human Ecology Review, 2010 - humanecologyreview.org\u003cbr\u003e\nWe live in a wounded world that is in dire need of healing. We all\nshould be troubled and terrified by what we have done and continue to\ndo. Humans have made huge and horrific global messes that need to be\nrepaired now. The overrid- ing sense of turmoil is apparent to anyone\nwho takes the time to pay attention. Researchers and non-researchers\nalike are extremely concerned about unprecedented global losses of\nbiodiversity and how humans suffer because of our destruc- tive ways. We\nare animals and we should be proud and aware of our membership in the\nanimal kingdom. However, our unique contribution to the decimation of\nthe planet and its many life forms demeans us. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.humanecologyreview.org/pastissues/her171/bekoff.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar?q=cache:fmNz49y2KC4J:scholar.google.com/+Marc+Bekoff\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;as_sdt=0,5\"\u003eMinding animals, minding earth: Science, nature, kinship, and\nheart\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - Human Ecology Review, 2003 - humanecologyreview.org\u003cbr\u003e\nThis paper emphasizes the importance of broadening behavioral,\necological, and conservation science into a more integrative,\ninterdisciplinary, socially responsible, compassionate, spiritual, and\nholistic endeavor.2,3 I will stress the significance of studies of\nanimal behavior, especially ethological research concerned with animal\nemotions, in which individuals are named and recognized for their own\npersonalities and temperaments, for helping us not only to learn about\nthe nonhuman animal beings (hereafter animals) with whom we share Earth,\nbut also for learning about who we are, our place in Nature, our\nhumanness. We can be best understood in relationship to others. I will\nalso develop the notions of minding animals and deep ethology. Animals\nare a way of knowing; sources of wisdom. I am an optimist, a hopeful\nhuman being. I never say never. I ache with the pains of other beings\nand also feel pangs when I feel inanimate landscapes being destroyed.\nSurely we do not want to be remembered as the generation that killed\nNature. Now is the time for everyone to work for universal planetary\npeace. There is no alternative to world peace and we must sow seeds\nwithout hesitation to accom- plish this urgent goal. It is essential\nthat we do better than our ancestors. No one could argue that a world\nwith significantly less, rather, no cruelty and boundless compassion,\nrespect, grace, humility, spirituality, peace, and love would not be a\nbetter world in which to live and raise our children and theirs. We are\nall citizens of Earth, members of a global community in which intimate\nreciprocal and beneficent peaceful relationships are mandatory. We have\ncompelling responsibilities for making Earth a better and more peaceful\nhabitat for all beings. Time is not on our side. We must reflect and\nstep lightly as we redecorate Nature. I yearn for a seamless tapestry of\noneness, a warm blan- ket, a soul-scape, of deep and reciprocal\nfriendships in which all individuals count, a single community in which\nindividuals are at one with all others, in which the seer and the seen\nare one, a community in which it feels good and makes indi- viduals\nhappy to be kind to others. My own dreams and spirituality are based on\na deep and passionate drive for reconciliation, a seamless unity a\nwholeness and oneness motivated by trust, compassion, respect, grace,\nhumility, and love. I plead for developing heartfelt and holistic\nscience that allows for fun, joy, and play, along with interdisciplinary\ntalk about kindness, generosity, compassion, respect, grace, humility,\nspirituality, peace, and love. Science need not be suspicious of things\nit cannot fully understand. We must never avert our eyes or our other\nsenses from the eyes and voices of all other beings, our kin, our\nfriends, who urgently beg for and truly need our immediate,\nuncompromising, and uncon- ditional aid and love. We are obliged not to\ndo so. We certainly can do much more than we have done for animals and\nEarth. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.humanecologyreview.org/pastissues/her101/101bekoff.pdf\"\u003eget\npdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true\u0026amp;_\u0026amp;ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=EJ287257\u0026amp;ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no\u0026amp;accno=EJ287257\"\u003ePredatory Strategies and Behavioral\nDiversity\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - American Biology Teacher, 1983 - eric.ed.gov\u003cbr\u003e\nBriefly discusses the view that behavior may be thought of as a\nphenotypic adaptation that can be quantitatively studied, and then\nconsidered in more detail ways in which predatory animals, especially\nmammals, satisfy their need for food. Topics covered include predatory\nbehavior, hunting modes, prey selection, hunting success, and others.\n(JN)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v411/n6841/full/411995a0.html?free=2\"\u003eThe view from\nJapan\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff, Goodall - Nature, 2001 - nature.com\u003cbr\u003e\nThe past decade has seen enormous growth in the study of animal\ncognition. Anecdotal reports and detailed observational experiments\nabound for many species and for diverse cognitive skills.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781444323528.ch49/summary\"\u003eAction in Cognitive\nEthology\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - A Companion to the Philosophy of Action, 2010 - Wiley Online\nLibrary\u003cbr\u003e\nUnderstanding the actions that animals perform during different contexts\nis central to learning about what animals know, desire, intend, believe,\nand feel. While philosophical discussions of action theory focus almost\nexclusively on humans, there is quite a lot of information ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.americanscientist.org/bookshelf/pub/the-great-divide\"\u003eThe great\ndivide\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBekoff - A review of Wynne, 2004 - americanscientist.org\u003cbr\u003e\nDo animals think? Well, surely some do, you may think. And an increasing\nnumber of researchers across disciplines would agree with you: They are\ntrying to determine hownot whetheranimals consciously process\ninformation about their social and nonsocial environments. What is going\non in the minds of animals? Do they have desires and beliefs? Zealots\nabound at both ends of a spectrum that ranges from those who believe\nthat animals are merely thoughtless robotic automatons to those who\nargue that all are thinking creatures with rich cognitive lives. I\nimagine that the truth lies somewhere in the middle: A number of animals\nhave the capacity for thinking about certain situations and showing\nflexible, adaptable behavior, whereas others may behave reflexively,\nwith little or no thought at all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/1/1/126\"\u003eIntegrating Values and Ethics into Wildlife Policy and Management\nLessons from North America\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nFox, Bekoff - Animals, 2011 - mdpi.com\u003cbr\u003e\nFew animals provoke as wide a range of emotions as wolves. Some see\nwolves as icons of a lost wilderness; others see them as intruders. As\nthe battle continues between wolf proponents and opponents, finding\nsolutions that resolve conflicts while supporting the integrity of\nnature is challenging. In this essay we argue that we need to make room\nfor wolves and other native carnivores who are re-colonizing areas from\nwhich they were extirpated. Strategies that foster coexistence are\nnecessary and wildlife agencies must consider all stakeholders and\ninvest adequate resources to inform the public about how to mitigate\nconflicts between people/domestic animals, and predators. Values and\nethics must be woven into wildlife policy and management and we must be\nwilling to ask difficult ethical questions and learn from past mistakes.\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/1/1/126/pdf\"\u003eget pdf\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Jonathan Balcombe", "date_published": "2022-03-01T10:15:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-01T10:15:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/jonathan-balcombe/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/jonathan-balcombe/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eJonathan Balcombe holds three biology degrees and specializes in the\nstudy of ethology with a PhD in this area of study. A leading animal\nbehavior researcher he is also an author and speaker.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow are excerpts from Alexandra\u0026rsquo;s excellent\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/alexandra/jonathan-balcombe-a-passionate-ethologist/\"\u003earticle\u003c/a\u003e\nabout Jonathan:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;It\u0026rsquo;s easy to come away with a sense that it\u0026rsquo;s a hard-struggled life\nout there, but it\u0026rsquo;s a life worth living,\u0026rdquo; observes Dr. Balcombe. He\nhas found that many species share related physiologies and behavior\npatterns as humans, and are thus able to feel such emotions as pain,\npleasure, and passion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat\u0026rsquo;s more, Dr. Balcombe firmly believes that animals have many\nlessons that we humans can learn from. \u0026ldquo;I am an avid animal watcherā€¦\nthey teach me new things every time I watch them carefully and the\nmore I understand the more there is to learn,\u0026rdquo; says Balcombe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the link to his own site,\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.jonathanbalcombe.com/\"\u003ejonathan-balcombe.com\u003c/a\u003e which contains\ninformation about his books, writings, courses etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"biographical-profile\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBiographical Profile \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#biographical-profile\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJonathan Balcombe was born in England, raised in New Zealand and Canada,\nand has lived in the United States since 1987. He has three biology\ndegrees, including a PhD in ethology (the study of animal behavior) from\nthe University of Tennessee, where he studied communication in bats. He\nhas published over 40 scientific papers on animal behavior and animal\nprotection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe is the author of four books, including \u003ca href=\"http://jonathanbalcombe.com/pops/pk.html\"\u003ePleasurable Kingdom: Animals\nand the Nature of Feeling\nGood\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"http://jonathanbalcombe.com/pops/second.html\"\u003eSecond Nature: The\nInner Lives of Animals\u003c/a\u003e,\nand \u003ca href=\"http://jonathanbalcombe.com/PDFs/EA-Brochure.pdf\"\u003eThe Exultant Ark: A Pictorial Tour of Animal\nPleasure\u003c/a\u003e (pdf).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFormerly Senior Research Scientist with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/\"\u003ePhysicians Committee for\nResponsible Medicine\u003c/a\u003e, he is currently Chair of\nthe Animal Studies Department with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.humanesocietyuniversity.org/\"\u003eHumane Society\nUniversity\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJonathan lives with his family in Germantown, Maryland. In his spare\ntime he enjoys biking, baking, birdwatching, piano, and trying to\nunderstand his two cats.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"links\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLinks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#links\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jonathanbalcombe.com/\"\u003eJonathan Balcombe\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is the main site and contains information about Jonathan\u0026rsquo;s books,\nwritings, courses etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.macmillanspeakers.com/jonathanbalcombe?gclid=CKXj_tugva4CFYio4Aodmk4HuA\"\u003eMacMillan Speakers: Jonathan\nBalcombe\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimal behavior expert Jonathan Balcombe is a passionate advocate for\nanimals and their living spaces. His highly acclaimed books Pleasurable\nKingdom and Second Nature present animals in a new light and presage a\nrevolution in the human-animal relationship. His most recent book, The\nExultant Art: A Pictorial Tour of Animal Pleasure (2011), received a\nglowing review in the New York Times. A PhD scientist and vegan,\nBalcombeā€™s dynamic message resonates with timely issues that affect\neveryone, including climate change, biodiversity, and personal health.\nHe has given lectures and presentations on six continents.Jonathan\nBalcombe was born in England and raised in New Zealand and Canada. He\nstudied biology at Canadaā€™s York University and Carleton University\nbefore earning a PhD in ethology (animal behavior) from the University\nof Tennessee. He has written over 40 scientific papers and book\nchapters, and many lay articles on animal behavior and animal\nprotection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/search/?cid=53\"\u003ePCRM: Jonathan Balcombe, Ph.D.,\nM.S.\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJonathan Balcombe, Ph.D., M.S., is a research scientist with the\nPhysicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM), a nationwide\norganization of physicians and laypersons that promotes preventive\nmedicine, especially good nutrition, and addresses controversies in\nmodern medicine, including ethical issues in research ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://blog.theethicalman.com/post/2715685140/jonathan-balcombe-ethical-man\"\u003eTEM Style: Jonathan Balcombe, ethical\nman\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nTEM is proud to present Jonathan Balcombe (seen here with Lucy, the rat)\nas the first-ever feature in our Ethical Men series. Congrats, Jonathan!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.nzchas.canterbury.ac.nz/associates/balcombe.shtml\"\u003eNew Zealand Center for Human-Animal Studies: Dr Jonathan Balcombe\n(USA)\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJonathan Balcombe was born in England, raised in New Zealand and Canada,\nand has lived in the United States since 1987. He studied biology at\nYork University and Carleton University in Canada before earning his\ndoctorate in ethology (animal behavior) from the University of\nTennessee, studying communication in bats. He has written many\nscientific papers and lay-articles on animal behavior, humane education,\nand animal research ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://freefromharm.org/book-reviews/animal-vegetable-science-ethics-interview-with-jonathan-balcombe/\"\u003eFree From Harm: Interview with Jonathan\nBalcombe\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAuthor, ethologist and biologist Dr. Jonathan Balcombe is breaking new\nground in our understanding of and appreciation for animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.onekind.org/be_inspired/blog_article/jonathan_balcombe_interview_the_exultant_ark\"\u003eOneKind: Jonathan Balcombe on The Exultant\nArk\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJonathan Balcombe is an academic and also a successful author of a\nnumber of popular books about animals emotions: specifically animals'\npleasure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://jonathanbalcombe.blogspot.com/\"\u003eBlogspot: Jonathan Balcombe\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe musings and reflections of a biologist as enthralled with animal\nlife as he is dissatisfied with humanity\u0026rsquo;s current relationship to it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/alexandra/jonathan-balcombe-a-passionate-ethologist/\"\u003eJonathan Balcombe: A Passionate\nEthologist\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAn excellent, concise essay about ethologist Dr. Balcombe and some of\nhis remarkable work.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/magazine/humane-society-university-in-dc-is-a-pioneer-in-the-growing-animal-studies-movement/2012/04/10/gIQAnnUwET_story.html\"\u003eHumane Society University, a pioneer in the animal studies\nmovement\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMoody octopuses, altruistic bats and honeybees that vote are academic\nfodder for Washingtonā€™s newest university.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"media-press\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMedia Press \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#media-press\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/farm-animals-deserve-humane-treatment/2012/03/12/gIQAeRcOHS_story.html\"\u003eFarm animals deserve humane\ntreatment\u003c/a\u003e\n(Washington Post)\u003cbr\u003e\nOne often sees the term ā€œextremismā€ applied to certain acts of animal\nactivism, but never is it used in reference to the extreme cruelties\nroutinely carried out by the animal industries themselves [ā€œAs\neco-terrorism threat diminishes, governments keep eyes on activists,ā€\nfront page, March 11]. To list just a few: We take newborn calves from\ntheir mothers so that the latter may be milked, crowd hens into tiny\ncages for egg production, sear off the sensitive beak tips of female\nchicks, toss the male chicks into meat-grinders or into bins to\nsuffocate, and consign pregnant sows to metal-and-concrete stalls in\nwhich they can barely move for weeks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat these practices remain legal makes them no less cruel. Fortunately,\nconsumers can make the non-extreme decision to refrain from funding\nfactory farming by choosing to purchase alternative products.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJonathan Balcombe, Germantown\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2010/apr/25/jonathan-balcombe-animal-feelings\"\u003eJonathan Balcombe: \u0026lsquo;Stop being beastly to\nhens\u0026rsquo;\u003c/a\u003e\n(The Guardian)\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimal behaviour scientist Jonathan Balcombe says that our treatment of\nanimals remains medieval despite a flood of studies shedding light on\nhow they experience the world\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2011/06/exultant-ark-gallery/\"\u003eHow to Have Fun Like Monkeys, Whales and\nFoxes\u003c/a\u003e\n(Wired Science)\u003cbr\u003e\nBalcombe surveys a new generation of studies into animal feelings,\nespecially animal pleasure. Accompanying the scholarship are photographs\nof animals seeming to enjoy themselves: hippos and flying foxes,\nzebrafish and sharks, parrots and polar bears, a whole animal kingdom of\npleasure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://thedianerehmshow.org/shows/2010-03-16/jonathan-balcombe-second-nature\"\u003eJonathan Balcombe: \u0026ldquo;Second\nNature\u0026rdquo;\u003c/a\u003e\n(Diane Rehm Radio Show)\u003cbr\u003e\nHumans aren\u0026rsquo;t the only beings who communicate, feel emotions and have\nself-awareness. Drawing on the latest research, an animal behaviorist\nexplains why people need to change the way they treat other living\ncreatures.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"videos\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eVideos \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#videos\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"why-vegan-lessons-from-an-animal-scientist\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhy Vegan? Lessons From An Animal Scientist \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#why-vegan-lessons-from-an-animal-scientist\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a scientist who chooses a plant-based diet, Jonathan Balcombe is not\nyour typical biologist. In this riveting, richly-illustrated\npresentation, Balcombe reveals startling new discoveries in the realms\nof animal cognition and emotional complexityā€“from optimistic starlings,\nto choosy fishes, to dogs who object to unfair treatment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/5ZYQnt-67vs?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"interview---jonathan-balcombe\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInterview - Jonathan Balcombe \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#interview---jonathan-balcombe\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecond Nature: The Inner Lives of Animals\u003cbr\u003e\nInterview with Jonathan Bascombe author of \u0026ldquo;Second Nature: The Inner\nLives of Animals\u0026rdquo; recorded May 29, 2010 in Seattle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/SpWPhFoP4-k?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"dr-jonathan-balcombe-on-our-relationship-to-animals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDr. Jonathan Balcombe on Our Relationship to Animals \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dr-jonathan-balcombe-on-our-relationship-to-animals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecond Nature: The Inner Lives of Animals\u003cbr\u003e\n\u0026ldquo;Jonathan Balcombe is a rare being, a scientist who has escaped the\nnarrow orthodoxies of institutional science, an intelligent human being\nwho is more than ready to recognize intelligences of other kinds, an\nintuitive and empathetic observer who nevertheless does not abandon the\nhighest standards of intellectual inquiry.\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\nā€“from the Forward by J.M Coetzee, winner of the Nobel Prize in\nLiterature\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/17kPHeWQbtg?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"dr-jonathan-balcombe-at-the-2010-vsdc-life-affirming-thanksgiving-celebration\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDr. Jonathan Balcombe at the 2010 VSDC Life-Affirming Thanksgiving celebration \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dr-jonathan-balcombe-at-the-2010-vsdc-life-affirming-thanksgiving-celebration\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJonathan Balcombe as guest speaker at the 2010 Vegetarian Society of DC\nLife-Affirming Thanksgiving celebration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/8accadDQZeM?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"friends-for-life-jonathan-balcombe\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFriends for Life (Jonathan Balcombe) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#friends-for-life-jonathan-balcombe\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eComposed and performed by Jonathan Balcombe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/UqVRljBV-ig?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"dr-jonathan-balcombe-on-individuality-in-fish\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDr. Jonathan Balcombe on Individuality in Fish \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dr-jonathan-balcombe-on-individuality-in-fish\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecond Nature: The Inner Lives of Animals\u003cbr\u003e\nBshary, R. \u0026ldquo;Machiavellian Intelligence in Fishes.\u0026rdquo; In Fish Cognition and\nBehavior , edited by C. Brown et al., pp. 223-242. Oxford:\nWiley-Blackwell, 2006.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/UyTvkpRSqUc?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"dr-jonathan-balcombe-on-animal-virtue-and-fairness\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDr. Jonathan Balcombe on Animal Virtue and Fairness \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dr-jonathan-balcombe-on-animal-virtue-and-fairness\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecond Nature: The Inner Lives of Animals\u003cbr\u003e\nBrosnan, S.F., and F.B.M. de Waal. \u0026ldquo;Monkeys reject unequal pay.\u0026rdquo; Nature\n425 (2003): 297-299.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/u8IjqR1pJu4?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch1 id=\"books-and-reviews\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBooks and Reviews \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#books-and-reviews\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"the-exultant-ark---a-pictorial-tour-of-animal-pleasure\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520260245\"\u003eThe Exultant Ark - A Pictorial Tour of Animal Pleasure\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-exultant-ark---a-pictorial-tour-of-animal-pleasure\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJonathan P. Balcombe\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNature documentaries often depict animal life as a grim struggle for\nsurvival, but this visually stunning book opens our eyes to a different,\nmore scientifically up-to-date way of looking at the animal kingdom. In\nmore than one hundred thirty striking images, The Exultant Ark\ncelebrates the full range of animal experience with dramatic portraits\nof animal pleasure ranging from the charismatic and familiar to the\nobscure and bizarre. These photographs, windows onto the inner lives of\npleasure seekers, show two polar bears engaged in about of wrestling,\nhoary marmots taking time for a friendly chase, Japanese macaques\nenjoying a soak in a hot spring, a young bull elk sticking out his\ntongue to catch snowflakes, and many other rewarding moments. Biologist\nand best-selling author Jonathan Balcombe is our guide, interpreting the\nimages within the scientific context of what is known about animal\nbehavior. In the end, old attitudes fall away as we gain a heightened\nsense of animal individuality and of the pleasures that make life worth\nliving for all sentient beings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"the-exultant-ark---a-pictorial-tour-of-animal-pleasure-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/19/science/19scibooks.html?_r=1\"\u003eThe Exultant Ark - A Pictorial Tour of Animal Pleasure\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-exultant-ark---a-pictorial-tour-of-animal-pleasure-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReview in NY Times\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrue to its subtitle ā€” ā€œA Pictorial Tour of Animal Pleasureā€ ā€” ā€œThe\nExultant Arkā€ showcases surprising, funny, touching, sad, heartwarming\npictures by photographers all over the world. Dr. Balcombeā€™s text is a\nserious examination of the subject of animal pleasure, a study that\nā€œremains nascent and largely neglected in scientific discourse.ā€ But it\nalso delights us along the way with Dr. Balcombeā€™s observations and\nexamples.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"second-nature-the-inner-lives-of-animals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=PDB7THvmwdoC\u0026amp;dq=Second+Nature:+The+Inner+Lives+of+Animals\u0026amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s\"\u003eSecond Nature: The Inner Lives of Animals\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#second-nature-the-inner-lives-of-animals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJonathan P. Balcombe\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor centuries we believed that humans were the only ones that mattered.\nThe idea that animals had feelings was either dismissed or considered\nheresy. Today, that\u0026rsquo;s all changing. New scientific studies of animal\nbehavior reveal perceptions, intelligences, awareness and social skills\nthat would have been deemed fantasy a generation ago. The implications\nmake our troubled relationship to animals one of the most pressing moral\nissues of our time. Jonathan Balcombe, animal behaviorist and author of\nthe critically acclaimed Pleasurable Kingdom, draws on the latest\nresearch, observational studies and personal anecdotes to reveal the\nfull gamut of animal experiencefrom emotions, to problem solving, to\nmoral judgment. Balcombe challenges the widely held idea that nature is\nred in tooth and claw, highlighting animal traits we have disregarded\nuntil now: their nuanced understanding of social dynamics, their\nconsideration for others, and their strong tendency to avoid violent\nconflict. Did you know that dogs recognize unfairness and that rats\npractice random acts of kindness? Did you know that chimpanzees can\ntrounce humans in short-term memory games? Or that fishes distinguish\ngood guys from cheaters, and that birds are susceptible to mood swings\nsuch as depression and optimism? With vivid stories and entertaining\nanecdotes, Balcombe gives the human pedestal a strong shake while\nopening the door into the inner lives of the animals themselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"second-nature-the-inner-lives-of-animals-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.kimstallwood.com/book-reviews/second-nature-by-jonathan-balcombe/\"\u003eSecond Nature: The Inner Lives of Animals\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#second-nature-the-inner-lives-of-animals-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReview by Kim Stallwood\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBalcombeā€™s writings are a carefully crafted balance of academic rigor\nand empathic wisdom.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"pleasurable-kingdom-animals-and-the-nature-of-feeling-good\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://books.google.ca/books?id=JTb7_XfgelYC\u0026amp;dq=Pleasurable+Kingdom:+Animals+and+the+Nature+of+Feeling+Good\u0026amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s\"\u003ePleasurable Kingdom: Animals and the Nature of Feeling Good\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pleasurable-kingdom-animals-and-the-nature-of-feeling-good\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJonathan P. Balcombe\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePleasurable Kingdom presents new evidence that animals - like humans -\nenjoy themselves. From birds to baboons, insects to iguanas, animals\nfeel good thanks to play, sex, touch, food, anticipation, comfort,\naesthetics, and more. Combining rigorous evidence, elegant argument and\namusing anecdotes, leading animal behavior researcher Jonathan Balcombe\nshows that the possibility of positive feelings in creatures other than\nhumans has important ethical ramifications for both science and society.\nFor more information please visit the author\u0026rsquo;s website at\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.pleasurablekingdom.com\"\u003ewww.pleasurablekingdom.com\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"the-use-of-animals-in-higher-education-problems-alternatives--recommendations\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jonathanbalcombe.com/pops/ahe.html\"\u003eThe Use of Animals in Higher Education: Problems, Alternatives, \u0026amp; Recommendations\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-use-of-animals-in-higher-education-problems-alternatives--recommendations\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJonathan P. Balcombe\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Use of Animals in Higher Education is well-researched and annotated\nand international in scope, with a primary focus on the US. It addresses\nsecondary education as strongly as higher education, with quite a focus\non elementary education as well. (get\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.jonathanbalcombe.com/PDFs/AHE.pdf\"\u003epdf\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"beyond-animal-research-articles-at-pcrm\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBeyond Animal Research Articles at PCRM \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#beyond-animal-research-articles-at-pcrm\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/heart-attack-experiments-in-animals\"\u003eHeart Attack Experiments in\nAnimals\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHeart attacks are virtually unknown in mice and rats, probably because\ntheir natural life spans are just two to three years, their heart\nphysiology is different from that of humans, and, of course, they avoid\nfast-food restaurants. But, unfortunately, some animal experimenters\nhave nonetheless attempted to artificially induce heart problems in\nthese hapless creatures.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/animal-research-and-mobile-phones-getting-a-bad\"\u003eAnimal Research and Mobile Phones: Getting a Bad\nConnection\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA recent article in the British Medical Journal asks ā€œWhere is the\nevidence that animal research benefits humans?ā€ The authors examined\nsystematic reviews of six areas of animal research and presented\nevidence that it had not informed human medicine. For two of the six\nareas, clinical trials were conducted at the same time as the animal\nstudies, and for three others, clinical trials went ahead despite\nevidence of harm from the animal studies. Overall, the analysis reveals\nboth a practical and a perceived disconnect between animal and human\nstudies. The authors conclude that ā€œnew animal studies should not be\nconducted untilā€¦their validity and generalisability to clinical medicine\nhas been assessed.ā€\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/bone-breaking-experiments\"\u003eBone-Breaking\nExperiments\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nUnderstanding how bones break and heal and developing treatments are all\nimportant and worthwhile medical endeavors. Unfortunately, some\nexperimenters deliberately break healthy animalsā€™ bones. Each year\ndozens of such studies are published; these experiments are conducted on\nmany different animals, including dogs, rats, mice, rabbits, pigs,\nsheep, and goats.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/the-misunderstood-rat\"\u003eThe Misunderstood\nRat\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nRats are one of the worldā€™s least understood creatures. Stigmatized as\nfilthy ā€œpestsā€ for centuries, these inquisitive opportunists are\nactually naturally sociable and make excellent companions. New\nscientific studies show that there is more to rats than laboratory\nsupply companies would have us believe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/animal-smoking-experiments\"\u003eAnimal Smoking\nExperiments\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nScientists like to joke that smoking is a leading cause of statistics.\nIt\u0026rsquo;s an amusing observation, but sadly, when it comes to animal\nexperimentation, itā€™s all too true. Despite the failure of numerous\nanimal studies during the 1950s and 1960s to reveal a clear link between\ncigarette smoking and cancerā€”and despite our established knowledge from\nhuman clinical data that smoking is deadly - smoking experiments on\nanimals continue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/animal-smoking-experiments-part-2\"\u003eAnimal Smoking Experiments: Part\nII\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nScientists have known for decades that smoking can have devastating\neffects on human health. Yet researchers continue to conduct smoking\nexperiments on animals. Do such experiments offer new insights? In an\nearlier column (Part I), I discussed several recent animal smoking\nexperiments that appear merely to confirm what is already known from\nhuman studies. To investigate further, I followed up on four of these\nanimal studies (all published in 2004) using the National Institutes of\nHealthā€™s online PubMed database.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/the-guinea-pigs-deserve-a-hearing\"\u003eThe Guinea Pigs Deserve a\nHearing\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMany years ago I remember seeing in a physiology textbook two\nphotographs of a guinea pigā€™s inner ear, taken under a microscope before\nand after exposure to destructively loud noise. The first image showed\nthe sensitive cochlear hairs arranged in neat rows; in the second they\nlooked like a stand of trees flattened by a violent hurricane.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/animals-still-used-in-motion-sickness-experiments\"\u003eAnimals Still Used in Motion Sickness\nExperiments\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIf youā€™ve ever suffered motion sickness, you know that itā€™s a miserable\nfeeling. Other animals are also vulnerable, and for at least 50 years\nscientists have been subjecting monkeys, dogs, cats, rats and other\nspecies to experiments designed to make them ill.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/migraine-research-part-1\"\u003eMigraine Research, Part\n1\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAccording the UK-based Migraine Trust Association\n(\u003ca href=\"https://www.migrainetrust.org\"\u003ewww.migrainetrust.org\u003c/a\u003e), migraine is the most common neurological\ncondition in the developed world ā€¦ There is no cure, but there are many\navailable treatments. Despite this, animals bear the brunt of scientific\ncuriosity about migraine. Cats, monkeys, pigs, guinea pigs, and rats are\nall being used in headache research. These experimental subjects are not\nsuffering from migraines (at least not that we can tell), but their\nskulls are opened up and their brains tweaked, probed and drugged in a\nparade of experiments designed, it seems, more to advance scientific\ncareers than useful knowledge.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/migraine-research-part-2\"\u003eMigraine Research, Part\nII\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn last monthā€™s column, I described a small sampling of ā€œmigraineā€\nstudies on animals, involving usually terminal, invasive procedures on\nunconscious (anesthetized) animals (cats, monkeys, rats, etc.) who have\nno way of communicating symptoms. But other researchers are pursuing\nvery different paths. The following sampling of recent studies\nunderscores the broad range of human clinical methods available for\nadvancing our understanding of this important condition ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/a-stunning-waste-of-pigs\"\u003eA Stunning Waste of\nPigs\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA recent story appeared in New Scientist concerning the use of stun guns\nfor immobilizing dangerous persons ā€¦ The New Scientist report mentioned\nthat, in response to concerns about human deaths associated with Taser\nuse, animal tests were being initiated to assess their effects on the\nhearts of anesthetized pigs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/confining-rodents-laboratory-cages-troubling\"\u003eConfining Rodents in Laboratory Cages Has Troubling\nConsequences\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThroughout history, human societies have dealt with criminals by\nconfining them in small cells. Not only does imprisonment remove the\noffender from daily life, but by taking away the inmateā€™s freedom and\nautonomy it constitutes punishment ā€¦ Animals caged in laboratories find\nthemselves in comparable circumstances.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/chimeras-beyond-our-moral-depth\"\u003eChimeras: Beyond Our Moral\nDepth?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe chimeras I learned about as a biology studentā€”obscure,\nstrange-looking fishes of the ocean depthsā€”are not the same as the ones\nnow at the center of a debate in medical ethics. These chimeras are made\nby man, not by nature. As stem cell technology marches ahead, science\nnow has the means to create creatures that blur the line between humans\nand other animals. The specter of a half-chimp/half-man or a mouse with\na human brain is no longer the stuff of science fiction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/sarin-terror-in-the-laboratories\"\u003eSarin: Terror in the\nLaboratories\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOriginally developed as a chemical warfare agent in 1938, the nerve gas\nsarin became a household word when it was used in a terrorist attack on\nthe Tokyo subway system in March 1995 (one of three such incidents in\nJapan between 1994 and 1998). Long-term health effects on Gulf War\nveterans have also been attributed to possible low-level sarin exposure.\nDespite the pitfalls of trying to extrapolate across species, animals\nhave been exposed to sarin in hundreds of laboratory experiments dating\nback at least to the late 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/anorexia-nervosa-and-animal-experiments\"\u003eAnorexia Nervosa and Animal\nExperiments\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAnorexia is a terrible illness that afflicts some two million Americans,\nmostly young women. Not surprisingly, there is a concerted effort to\nunderstand and address anorexia and other eating disorders. A search for\nā€œanorexia nervosaā€ on the NIHā€™s PubMed online database yielded more than\n8,600 studies. Most are human clinical studiesā€”but not all. Many\nresearchers are being funded to perform experiments on animals, usually\n(male) rats. But because rodents donā€™t spontaneously develop eating\ndisorders, experimenters must create ā€œanimal modelsā€ of the condition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/anorexia-nervosa-the-potential-of-nonanimal\"\u003eAnorexia Nervosa: The Potential of Nonanimal\nResearch\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn last monthā€™s column, I presented some examples of studies in which\nrats are starved and exercised in a futile attempt to model anorexia\nnervosa (AN), a uniquely human condition. As I researched these studies,\nI also encountered numerous human clinical studies. The following recent\nexamples illustrate just some of the broad range of research strategies\navailable for human-based research into eating disorders.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/homeopathy-healing-some-harming-others\"\u003eHomeopathy: Healing Some, Harming\nOthers\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMy local paper recently profiled the Samueli Institute for Information\nBiology (SIIB), a nonprofit medical research organization that\nemphasizes complementary medicine, such as acupuncture and homeopathy, a\nsystem of medical practice that treats a disease especially by the\nadministration of minute doses of a remedy that would in healthy persons\nproduce symptoms similar to those of the disease. The organizationā€™s\nstated mission is strongly geared towards healing, and its goals include\nalleviating suffering, enhancing well being, and establishing\nsustainable healthcare approaches. So far, so good. Then I noticed that\nthe article mentioned animal studies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/homeopathy-research-efficacy-studies\"\u003eHomeopathy Research: Efficacy\nStudies\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBecause homeopathy involves giving vanishingly small quantities of\ningredients to patients, side effects are rare and treatments\nessentially harmless. That does not mean they are effective, however.\nThe animal studies I described in last monthā€™s column were trying to\naddress efficacy, not safety. As the following examples from 2005 show,\nresearchers have a variety of means for assessing alternative treatments\nin humans without resorting to cruel animal studies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/mice-on-soy\"\u003eMice on\nSoy\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA recent study from the University of Colorado made headlines when it\nwas reported that a soy-based diet worsened heart disease in male mice\ncarrying a mutation for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/depressed-mice-study-is-inhumane-and-irrelevant\"\u003eDepressed Mice Study Is Inhumane and Clinically\nIrrelevant\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA study published in the prestigious journal Science reported on the\napparent role of a protein (called p11) in fighting depression. However,\nmost of the depressed subjects in this study werenā€™t peopleā€”they were\nmice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/research/animaltestalt/animaltesting/sudden-infant-death-syndrome\"\u003eSudden Infant Death\nSyndrome\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is implicated in about 5,000 to\n7,000 infant deaths yearly in the United States ā€¦ A considerable amount\nof this research is in the clinical setting ā€¦ There are also many animal\nstudies ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"blogs-and-opinions-at-firstsciencecom-selected\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBlogs and Opinions at firstscience.com (selected) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#blogs-and-opinions-at-firstsciencecom-selected\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Unfortunately, the links to these items are unavailable at\nfirstscience.com presently.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCultured Sparrows\u003cbr\u003e\nā€¦ one enterprising sparrow had probably stumbled on this available food\nsource (perhaps by accident while trapped?), and it was adopted by other\nbirds. Sparrow culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSteve Irwin Stung by the Press\u003cbr\u003e\nā€¦ I think Irwin would have objected to those headlines announcing his\ndeath by stingray, in which the ray was said to have \u0026ldquo;attacked\u0026rdquo; him. The\nanimal acted in defense. With its poor word-choice, the press succumbed\nto the lure of sensationalism, or maybe just ignorance, and undid some\nof the good that Irwin had done.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmpathic Mice\u003cbr\u003e\nA widely reported recent study documented evidence that house mice show\nempathy ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal Testing my Patience\u003cbr\u003e\nA recent BBC news article on the rise in animal use in UK labs contained\nthe following statement from a pro-vivisection spokesperson. \u0026ldquo;Animal\ntesting for medical research is unavoidable.\u0026rdquo; The person who said this\nneeds an English lesson.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBird-Brains Not\u003cbr\u003e\nA new study of bird behavior\n[www.sciencenews.org/articles/20061118/fob6.asp] adds to a burgeoning\nbody of evidence that birds aren\u0026rsquo;t the bird-brains they were once\nthought to be.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFish Scale New Heights of Social Sophistication\u003cbr\u003e\nThese studies add to a growing body of evidence that fishes are nothing\nlike the thoughtless, unfeeling automatons they were once thought to be.\nThat\u0026rsquo;s no comfort to anyone concerned about humankind\u0026rsquo;s voracious\nplundering of the world\u0026rsquo;s fish populations, but nature has her own\nagenda, and easing humanity\u0026rsquo;s conscience isn\u0026rsquo;t on the list.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne Man\u0026rsquo;s Waste\u003cbr\u003e\nWe owe a lot to insects for helping to keep the world clean. Were it not\nfor the flies and beetles, the world would soon be awash with organic\nwaste, and disease and squalor would run rampant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTea: Black is Beautiful\u003cbr\u003e\nA new study reported in the European Heart Journal finds that adding\nmilk to one\u0026rsquo;s tea may blunt its cardiovascular benefits\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn Elephant Talks - Are We Listening?\u003cbr\u003e\nThe English intellectual Cyril Connolly once quipped that: \u0026ldquo;imprisoned\nin every fat woman [or man] a thin one is wildly signalling to be let\nout.\u0026rdquo; I find that sentiment rather apt for a teenaged elephant who made\ninternational news last week for having mastered eight words of human\nspeech\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Negative Review Ain\u0026rsquo;t Necessarily So\u003cbr\u003e\nI consider myself fortunate that nearly a year passed before my latest\nbook (\u003ca href=\"https://www.pleasurablekingdom.com\"\u003ewww.pleasurablekingdom.com\u003c/a\u003e) received a negative review. BioScience\n[Vol. 57(1): Pp. 83-84] has published a review titled \u0026ldquo;Feelings do not\na science make\u0026rdquo; by Oxford University biologist Marian Stamp Dawkins\nwhich takes me to task for a variety of perceived mis-steps. A colleague\nposted Dawkins\u0026rsquo;s review on his list-serve and it generated a fusillade\nof responses in defense of animal experiences ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSharp Weapons, Sharp Minds\u003cbr\u003e\nRecent news of chimpanzees fashioning and using deadly weapons grabbed\nheadlines last week ā€¦ Less headline-grabbing was the latest in a series\nof elegant studies of food caching and recovery in scrub jays ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s Time the Fur Flew\u003cbr\u003e\nEach time I see someone wearing fur, a little bit of my faith in\nhumanity dies ā€¦ Perhaps there\u0026rsquo;s still hope for the demise of an industry\nthat should have gone out with the arrival of the loom.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat Does A Rat Know, Anyway?\u003cbr\u003e\nThose who defend animal research often like to point out that about\nninety percent of the animals used are rodents, namely mice and rats.\nThe upshot is that we should all breathe a sigh of relief. \u0026ldquo;Oh, they\u0026rsquo;re\njust rodents. Why should we be concerned?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Chimp Haven\u003cbr\u003e\nEarlier this week I visited a facility for chimpanzees given over to\nretirement by research laboratories that no longer want them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Dog Named Chester\u003cbr\u003e\nWhat is special about this \u0026ldquo;dog\u0026rdquo; is that he isn\u0026rsquo;t the coddled canine\nwhose ancestors barked at lurking predators and accepted scraps at\nstone-age firesides ā€¦ He is a rodent ā€¦ When I think of Chester\u0026rsquo;s cousins\nbeing obliterated for someone\u0026rsquo;s amusement, I wonder which species is\nmore noble: ours or his. For all our technology and culture, humankind\nhas a knack for moral fickleness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLife, liberty and the pursuit of happiness for apes?\u003cbr\u003e\nIn late April, an Austrian judge denied personhood status and legal\nguardianship for 26-year-old Matthias Pan, who was kidnapped as an\ninfant in Sierra Leone after his mother was shot. Brought to Austria\nillegally, Pan was sold to a research laboratory where he lived alone in\na cage and was experimented on for many years before finally being\nreleased to a sanctuary. In her concluding statement, the judge\nexplained that she never doubted that Pan should be considered a person,\nbut she did not want to set a precedent that might weaken the case of\nhumans with legal guardians.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMan Bites Shark, Apes Publish Paper\u003cbr\u003e\nI recently reviewed a book (Anthrozoos, Vol. 20(1)) with the charmingly\nbuoyant title of \u0026ldquo;Killing Animals.\u0026rdquo; The book\u0026rsquo;s introduction includes the\nsobering news that we humans kill more animals today than we have at any\npoint in history.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSiding with the Amphibian\u003cbr\u003e\nā€¦ as I stood there looking at this frog and contemplating her grim\noutlook in this man\u0026rsquo;s clutches, empathy for the frog overcame me and I\nquickly released her in the grass ā€¦ Last week my 13-year old daughter\nspared another leopard frog through a noble act of conscience. She asked\nto use alternatives instead of dissecting a dead leopard frog in her 7th\ngrade science class.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"blogs-from-psychology-today-selected\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBlogs from Psychology Today (selected) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#blogs-from-psychology-today-selected\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-inner-lives-animals/201101/falling-birds-one-time\"\u003eFalling for Birds, One at a\nTime\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nNearly 3,000 Red-winged Blackbirds fell dead from the sky in Beebe,\nArkansas on New Year\u0026rsquo;s Eve.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-inner-lives-animals/201012/skinny-bitch-bill-clinton-the-rise-veganism-0\"\u003eFrom Skinny Bitch to Bill Clinton: The Rise of\nVeganism\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHave you noticed the word \u0026ldquo;vegan\u0026rdquo; lately? If you live in America and you\nread a newspaper or popular magazines, the chances are you have. If you\nwatch television, you probably even know how to pronounce it properly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-inner-lives-animals/201011/extinction-folly-review-paper-tiger-visual-history-the-thylacine\"\u003eExtinction Folly - Review of Paper Tiger: A Visual History of the\nThylacine\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nToday, rewards offered for a living specimen seem like wishful thinking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-inner-lives-animals/201010/man-vs-wild-bear-grylls-and-the-violent-nature-myth\"\u003eMan vs. Wild, Bear Grylls, and the Violent Nature\nMyth\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA few months ago, surfing the television, I happened upon a scene in\nwhich a fit-looking young man forcibly removed a rattlesnake from\nbeneath a shrub and smashed its head in with a rock. As he did so, he\nwarned of the danger posed by these reptiles. How ironic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-inner-lives-animals/201009/peter-singer-vioxx-and-the-future-animal-testing\"\u003ePeter Singer, Vioxx, and the Future of Animal\nTesting\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nNo human enterprise illustrates our deep-seated sense of superiority\nthan the use of animals in product and drug testing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-inner-lives-animals/201008/it-s-time-magazine-respect-cows\"\u003eItā€™s Time (magazine) to Respect\nCows\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimal minds made big news this month with Time magazine dedicating its\ncover story to the topic. \u0026ldquo;Inside the minds of animals,\u0026rdquo; by Jeffrey\nKluger, provides an engaging glimpse into some of the exciting recent\ndiscoveries in animal cognition. That title is an improvement over that\nof a February 2006 Scientific American article which asked meekly, \u0026ldquo;Do\nAnimals Have Feelings?\u0026rdquo; as if there should remain any doubt about that.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-inner-lives-animals/201007/jane-goodall-things-wonderful\"\u003eJane GoodAll Things\nWonderful\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nI dedicate this blog entry to Jane Goodall on the 50th anniversary of\nher groundbreaking research on wild chimpanzees.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-inner-lives-animals/201006/whales-whaling-and-humanity\"\u003eWhales, Whaling, and\nHumanity\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn Morocco this week, the International Whaling Commission (IWC) decided\nto uphold its international moratorium on commercial whaling. That\ndecision just might be a litmus test for the evolution and maturity of\nhumankind. Lifting the ban would have been a symbolic reminder that we\nremain mired in a way of thinking that sees other sentient animals\nmerely as resources for humans to treat as we please-a recapitulation of\nan arcane might-makes-right mindset that justified colonialism and\nslavery, the subjugation of women, and the denial of civil rights.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-inner-lives-animals/201006/beneath-the-surface-oil-spill\"\u003eBeneath the Surface of an Oil\nSpill\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAs the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico hemorrhages toward its third\nmonth, there\u0026rsquo;s a big question about which very little is being said: How\nis it making the fish feel? How is the quality of life for individual\nfishes being impacted by this latest marine ecological disaster?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-inner-lives-animals/201005/sometimes-it-hurts-when-you-duck\"\u003eSometimes it hurts when you\nduck\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nI walked into the office of the owner of Hudson Valley Foie Gras (HVFG).\nSince opening in 1989, HVFG has become America\u0026rsquo;s largest producer of the\nfatty duck livers treasured by gourmets and reviled by animal advocates.\nI wasnā€™t there to purchase foie gras. I was there on a covert assignment\nfor PETA ā€¦ But like slavery and the denial of votes to women before it,\nfoie gras is vulnerable to exposure as an abomination in civilized\nsociety.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-inner-lives-animals/201004/vulture-culture\"\u003eVulture\nCulture\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nI met a vulture once. She had been on the losing end of a collision with\na car. Unable to fly again, she went on occasional outings where people\ncould see her up close. I met her at an animal welfare fair in a high\nschool gymnasium. She was a black vulture, Coragyps atratus. She stood\non a wooden perch, and seemed perfectly at ease in these unnatural\nsurroundings. She was remarkably unlike my preconceptions of vultures.\nShe had deep, black eyes. She blinked. She moved her head slowly to\nobserve the goings on. She wasn\u0026rsquo;t smelly or scruffy as I had shallowly\nimagined vultures to be. She looked immaculate. She had a presence. If I\nhad to choose one word to describe her it would be dignified. She wasn\u0026rsquo;t\nan object but a subject ā€“ a thinking, feeling being.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"papers-with-abstracts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePapers (with abstracts) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#papers-with-abstracts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of these items have been found through \u003ca href=\"http://scholar.google.ca/scholar?q=marc+bekoff\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;btnG=Search\u0026amp;as_sdt=1,5\u0026amp;as_sdtp=on\"\u003eGoogle\nScholar\u003c/a\u003e.\nCertain links are unavailable, but we will try to locate the articles\nthrough other means.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/aalas/jaalas/2004/00000043/00000006/art00009\"\u003eLaboratory routines cause animal\nstress\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBalcombe, Jonathan P.; Barnard, Neal D.; Sandusky, Chad\u003cbr\u003e\nEighty published studies were appraised to document the potential stress\nassociated with three routine laboratory procedures commonly performed\non animals: handling, blood collection, and orogastric gavage. We\ndefined handling as any non-invasive manipulation occurring as part of\nroutine husbandry, including lifting an animal and cleaning or moving an\nanimal\u0026rsquo;s cage. Significant changes in physiologic parameters correlated\nwith stress (e.g., serum or plasma concentrations of corticosterone,\nglucose, growth hormone or prolactin, heart rate, blood pressure, and\nbehavior) were associated with all three procedures in multiple species\nin the studies we examined. The results of these studies demonstrated\nthat animals responded with rapid, pronounced, and statistically\nsignificant elevations in stress-related responses for each of the\nprocedures, although handling elicited variable alterations in immune\nsystem responses. Changes from baseline or control measures typically\nranged from 20% to 100% or more and lasted at least 30 min or longer. We\ninterpret these findings to indicate that laboratory routines are\nassociated with stress, and that animals do not readily habituate to\nthem. The data suggest that significant fear, stress, and possibly\ndistress are predictable consequences of routine laboratory procedures,\nand that these phenomena have substantial scientific and humane\nimplications for the use of animals in laboratory research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347205809613\"\u003eVocal recognition of pups by mother Mexican free-tailed bats, Tadarida\nbrasiliensis\nmexicana\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJP Balcombe - Animal Behaviour, 1990 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nThe ability of Mexican free-tailed bat mothers and pups to recognize\nvocalizations of their presumptive kin (pup isolation calls and mother\necholocation calls, respectively) was tested using playbacks of recorded\ncalls. Captive individuals were presented with calls of two bats, one\npresumptive kin and the other a stranger, from opposite sides of a\ncircular wire arena. Response was determined by amount of time spent on\neach side of the arena, time spent in contact with a cloth bat model in\nfront of each speaker, and number of separate contacts with each model.\nFor the latter two measures, mothers showed a significant preference for\nthe calls of their presumptive pups. Pups were attracted to adult\necholocation calls, but did not show preference for calls of different\nmothers. The ages of pups appears to have had no effect on the\nresponsiveness of either pups or mothers to the playbacks. This study\ndemonstrates vocal kin recognition by mothers, and suggests an important\nrole for acoustic cues in mother-pup reunions in this species. The\nfindings do not preclude the possibility that vocal recognition of\nmothers by pups also occurs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347205800739\"\u003eVocal recognition in Mexican free-tailed bats: Do pups recognize\nmothers?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJP Balcombe, Gary F. McCracken - Animal Behaviour, 1992 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nMother Mexican free-tailed bats, Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana, produce\nā€˜directiveā€™ calls while searching for pups inside cave maternity roosts.\nThese calls consist of highly repetitive pulses of sound uttered in\nrapid sequence. Calls are sufficiently intense that they are perceptible\nabove the substantial background noise within roosts at distances of at\nleast 1 m. Calls are stereotyped within individuals, and statistically\ndiscriminable between individuals. These characteristics are expected\nfor vocalizations that function for motherā€”pup reunions, and are shared\nwith directive calls described previously in other bats. Mother T. b.\nmexicana directive calls are statistically no less discriminable than\nare the isolation calls of pups. Playback experiments, using recordings\nmade inside the cave colony, show that pups perceive directive calls and\nare strongly attracted to them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1988.tb00708.x/abstract\"\u003eEavesdropping by bats: the influence of echolocation call design and\nforaging\nstrategy\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJP Balcombe, M. Brock Fenton - Ethology, 1988 - Wiley Online Library\u003cbr\u003e\nWe used playback presentations to free-flying bats of 3 species to\nassess the influence of echolocation call design and foraging strategy\non the role of echolocation calls in communication. Near feeding sites\nover water, Myotis lucifugus and M. yumanensis responded positively only\nto echolocation calls of conspecifics. Near roosts, these bats did not\nrespond before young of the year became volant, and after this responded\nto presentations of echolocation calls of similar and dissimilar design.\nAt feeding sites Lasiurus borealis responded only to echolocation calls\nof conspecifics and particularly to ā€œfeeding buzzesā€. While Myotis,\nparticularly subadults, appear to use the echolocation calls of\nconspecifics to locate feeding sites, L. borealis appears to use the\ncalls of a foraging neighbour attacking prey to identify opportunities\nfor ā€˜stealingā€™ food.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/4450235\"\u003eStudent/teacher conflict regarding animal\ndissection\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - The American Biology Teacher, 1997 - JSTOR\u003cbr\u003e\nIN 1993, a medical student at the University of Colorado was compelled\nto transfer to another university when she failed a course for refusing\nto participate in a required laboratory exercise that involved\nperforming lethal procedures on anesthetized dogs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://andrewknight.info/publications/anim_expts_tox/carcino/AK%20et%20al%20Carcino%201%20ATLA%202006%2034(1)%2019-27.pdf\"\u003eAnimal carcinogenicity studies: 1. Poor human\npredictivity\u003c/a\u003e\n(pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nAndrew Knight, Jarrod Bailey and Jonathan Balcombe\u003cbr\u003e\nThe regulation of human exposure to potentially carcinogenic chemicals\nconstitutes societyā€™s most important use of animal carcinogenicity data.\nEnvironmental contaminants of greatest concern within the USA are listed\nin the Environmental Protection Agencyā€™s (EPAā€™s) Integrated Risk\nInformation System (IRIS) chemicals database. However, of the 160 IRIS\nchemicals lacking even limited human exposure data but possessing animal\ndata that had received a human carcinogenicity assessment by 1 January\n2004, we found that in most cases (58.1%; 93/160), the EPA considered\nanimal carcinogenicity data inadequate to support a classification of\nprobable human carcinogen or non-carcinogen. For the 128 chemicals with\nhuman or animal data also assessed by the World Health Organisationā€™s\nInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), human\ncarcinogenicity classifications were compatible with EPA classifications\nonly for those 17 having at least limited human data (p = 0.5896). For\nthose 111 primarily reliant on animal data, the EPA was much more likely\nthan the IARC to assign carcinogenicity classifications indicative of\ngreater human risk (p \u0026lt; 0.0001). The IARC is a leading international\nauthority on carcinogenicity assessments, and its significantly\ndifferent human carcinogenicity classifications of identical chemicals\nindicate that: 1) in the absence of significant human data, the EPA is\nover-reliant on animal carcinogenicity data; 2) as a result, the EPA\ntends to over-predict carcinogenic risk; and 3) the true predictivity\nfor human carcinogenicity of animal data is even poorer than is\nindicated by EPA figures alone. The EPA policy of erroneously assuming\nthat tumours in animals are indicative of human carcinogenicity is\nimplicated as a primary cause of these errors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/vsp/ba/2005/00000019/00000002/art00003\"\u003eThe future of teratology research is in\nvitro\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBailey, Jarrod; Knight, Andrew; Balcombe, Jonathan\u003cbr\u003e\nBirth defects induced by maternal exposure to exogenous agents during\npregnancy are preventable, if the agents themselves can be identified\nand avoided. Billions of dollars and manhours have been dedicated to\nanimal-based discovery and characterisation methods over decades. We\nshow here, via a comprehensive systematic review and analysis of this\ndata, that these methods constitute questionable science and pose a\nhazard to humans. (get pdf)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.aknight.info/publications/anim_expts_tox/carcino/AK%20et%20al%20Carcino%202%20ATLA%2034(1)%2029-28.pdf\"\u003eAnimal carcinogenicity studies: 2. Obstacles to extrapolation of data\nto\nhumans\u003c/a\u003e\n(pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nAndrew Knight, Jarrod Bailey and Jonathan Balcombe\u003cbr\u003e\nDue to limited human exposure data, risk classification and the\nconsequent regulation of exposure to potential carcinogens has\nconventionally relied mainly upon animal tests. However, several\ninvestigations have revealed animal carcinogenicity data to be lacking\nin human predictivity. To investigate the reasons for this, we surveyed\n160 chemicals possessing animal but not human exposure data within the\nUS Environmental Protection Agency chemicals database, but which had\nreceived human carcinogenicity assessments by 1 January 2004. We\ndiscovered the use of a wide variety of species, with rodents\npredominating, and of a wide variety of routes of administration, and\nthat there were effects on a particularly wide variety of organ systems.\nThe likely causes of the poor human predictivity of rodent\ncarcinogenicity bioassays include: 1) the profound discordance of\nbioassay results between rodent species, strains and genders, and\nfurther, between rodents and human beings; 2) the variable, yet\nsubstantial, stresses caused by handling and restraint, and the\nstressful routes of administration common to carcinogenicity bioassays,\nand their effects on hormonal regulation, immune status and\npredisposition to carcinogenesis; differences in rates of absorption and\ntransport mechanisms between test routes of administration and other\nimportant human routes of exposure; 4) the considerable variability of\norgan systems in response to carcinogenic insults, both between and\nwithin species; and 5) the predisposition of chronic high dose bioassays\ntoward false positive results, due to the overwhelming of physiological\ndefences, and the unnat- ural elevation of cell division rates during ad\nlibitum feeding studies. Such factors render profoundly difficult any\nattempts to accurately extrapolate human carcinogenic hazards from\nanimal data.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://ecvam.jrc.it/publication/WorkshopReport33.pdf\"\u003eAlternatives to the use of animals in higher\neducation\u003c/a\u003e (pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nJan van der Valk, David Dewhurst, Ian Hughes, Jeffrey Atkinson, Jonathan\nBalcombe, Hans Braun, Karin Gabrielson, Franz Gruber, Jeremy Miles, Jan\nNab, Jason Nardi, Henk van Wilgenburg, Ursula Zinko and Joanne Zurlo\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is the report of the thirty-third of a series of workshops\norganised by the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative\nMethods (ECVAM). ECVAMā€™s main goal, as defined in 1993 by its Scientific\nAdvisory Committee, is to promote the scientific and regulatory\nacceptance of alternative methods which are of importance to the\nbiosciences and which reduce, refine or replace the use of laboratory\nanimals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/S15327604JAWS0402_3\"\u003eDissection: The scientific case for\nalternatives\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 2001 - Taylor \u0026amp;\nFrancis\u003cbr\u003e\nThis article presents the scientific argument that learning methods that\nreplace traditional nonhuman animal-consumptive methods in life science\neducation-so-called alternatives to dissection-are pedagogically sound\nand probably superior to dissection. This article focuses on the\npedagogy, a learning method\u0026rsquo;s effectiveness for conveying knowledge.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://andrewknight.info/publications/anim_expts_tox/carcino/AK%20et%20al%20Carcino%203%20ATLA%202006%2034(1)%2039-48.pdf\"\u003eAnimal carcinogenicity studies: 3. alternatives to the\nbioassay\u003c/a\u003e\n(pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nAndrew Knight, Jarrod Bailey and Jonathan Balcombe\u003cbr\u003e\nConventional animal carcinogenicity tests take around three years to\ndesign, conduct and interpret. Consequently, only a tiny fraction of the\nthousands of industrial chemicals currently in use have been tested for\ncarcinogenicity. Despite the costs of hundreds of millions of dollars\nand millions of skilled personnel hours, as well as millions of animal\nlives, several investigations have revealed that animal carcinogenicity\ndata lack human specificity (i.e. the ability to identify human\nnon-carcinogens), which severely limits the human predictivity of the\nbioassay. This is due to the scientific inadequacies of many\ncarcinogenicity bioassays, and numerous serious biological obstacles,\nwhich render profoundly difficult any attempts to accurately extrapolate\nanimal data in order to predict carcinogenic hazards to humans. Proposed\nmodifications to the conventional bioassays have included the\nelimination of mice as a second species, and the use of\ngenetically-altered or neonatal mice, decreased study durations,\ninitiationā€“promotion models, the greater incorporation of toxicokinetic\nand toxicodynamic assessments, structure-activity relationship\n(computerised) systems, in vitro assays, cDNA microarrays for detecting\nchanges in gene expression, limited human clinical trials, and\nepidemiological research. The potential advantages of non- animal assays\nwhen compared to bioassays include the superior human specificity of the\nresults, substantially reduced time-frames, and greatly reduced demands\non financial, personnel and animal resources. Inexplicably, however, the\nregulatory agencies have been frustratingly slow to adopt alternative\nprotocols. In order to decrease the enormous cost of cancer to society,\na substantial redirection of resources away from excessively slow and\nresource-intensive rodent bioassays, into the further development and\nimplementation of non-animal assays, is both strongly justified and\nurgently required.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.springerlink.com/index/u04722l84480w480.pdf\"\u003eNon-breeder asymmetry in Florida scrub\njays\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJP Balcombe - Evolutionary Ecology, 1989 - Springer\u003cbr\u003e\nThe data of Woolfenden and Fitzpatrick (1984) show a statistically\nsignificant asymmetry in the sex ratio of non-breeders when one of the\nbreeders is not the non-breeder\u0026rsquo;s parent. I propose that the asymmetry\nis attributable to a combination of two factors acting on non-breeders:\nthe value of inheriting a territory, and incest avoidance. Although\nnatal territories are only occasionally inherited by non-breeders, and\nthen apparently only by males, therate of inheritance is significantly\nhigher for parent/step-parent breeders (n=6) than when both breeders are\nthe non-breeder\u0026rsquo;s parents (n=1). An alternative hypothesis, that\nstepparents determine the non-breeder asymmetry by ousting potential\nrivals, might also explain the data, but evidence is currently lacking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168159109000483\"\u003eAnimal pleasure and its moral\nsignificance\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 2009 - Elsevier\u003cbr\u003e\nThis paper presents arguments for, and evidence in support of, the\nimportant role of pleasure in animalsā€™ lives, and outlines its\nconsiderable significance to humankind\u0026rsquo;s relationship to other animals.\nIn the realms of animal sentience, almost all scholarly discussion\nrevolves around its negative aspects: pain, stress, distress, and\nsuffering. By contrast, the positive aspects of sentience ā€“ rewards and\npleasures ā€“ have been rarely broached by scientists. Yet, evolutionary\nprinciples predict that animals, like humans, are motivated to seek\nrewards, and not merely to avoid pain and suffering. Natural selection\nfavours behaviours that enhance survival and procreation. In the\nconscious, sentient animal, the drives to secure food, shelter, social\ncontact, and mates are motivated by desire (appetitive behaviour) and\nreinforced by pleasure (consummative behaviour). This is reflected in\nanimalsā€™ behaviour in the realms of play, food, sex, and touch. Despite\nthe heuristic value of interpreting animal behaviour through the\nproximate (experiential) lens, scholarly study of animals remains\nentrenched almost exclusively in the ultimate (evolutionary) sphere. Not\njust science but also ethics suffer for this, for when we see animals as\nonly the products of a competitive struggle for survival, we risk\noverlooking the positive qualities of their lives. Pleasure has moral\nimport for such practices as factory farming and laboratory research,\nfor it amplifies the moral burden of depriving animals the opportunity\nto lead fulfilling, enjoyable lives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/brill/saa/1999/00000007/00000003/art00004\"\u003eAnimals Society Courses: A Growing Trend in Post-Secondary\nEducation\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - Society and Animals, 1999 - ingentaconnect.com\u003cbr\u003e\nA survey of college courses addressing nonhuman animal ethics and\nwelfare issues indicates that the presence of such courses has increased\ngreatly since a prior survey was done in 1983. This paper provides\ntitles and affiliations of 67 of 89 courses from the current survey.\nThese courses represent 15 academic fields, and a majority are entirely\ndevoted to animal issues. The fields of animal science and philosophy\nare proportionally well represented compared with biology and\nwildlife-related fields. An estimated 5000 or more North American\nstudents are now receiving instruction in these issues each year. While\nthe availability of courses in animal issues is still sporadic, it is\nunprecedentedly high and seen as an important component of changing\nsocial values toward nonhuman animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.frame.org.uk/dynamic_files/34knightbailey.pdf\"\u003eAnimal carcinogenicity studies: implications for the REACH\nsystem\u003c/a\u003e\n(pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nAndrew Knight, Jarrod Bailey and Jonathan Balcombe\u003cbr\u003e\nThe 2001 European Commission proposal for the Registration, Evaluation\nand Authorisation of Chemicals (REACH) aims to improve public and\nenvironmental health by assessing the toxicity of, and restricting\nexposure to, potentially toxic chemicals. The greatest benefits are\nexpected to accrue from decreased cancer incidences. Hence the accurate\nidentification of chemical carcinogens must be a top priority for the\nREACH system. Due to a paucity of human clinical data, the\nidentification of potential human carcinogens has conventionally relied\non animal tests. However, our survey of the US Environmental Protection\nAgencyā€™s (EPAā€™s) toxic chemicals database revealed that, for a majority\nof the chemicals of greatest public health concern (93/160, i.e. 58.1%),\nthe EPA found animal carcinogenicity data to be inadequate to support\nclassifications of probable human carcinogen or non-carcinogen. A wide\nvariety of species were used, with rodents predominating; a wide variety\nof routes of administration were used; and a particularly wide variety\nof organ systems were affected. These factors raise serious biological\nobstacles that render accurate extrapolation to humans profoundly\ndifficult. Furthermore, significantly different International Agency for\nResearch on Cancer assessments of identical chemicals, indicate that the\ntrue human predictivity of animal carcinogenicity data is even poorer\nthan is indicated by the EPA figures alone. Consequently, we propose the\nreplacement of animal carcinogenicity bioassays with a tiered\ncombination of non-animal assays, which can be expected to yield a\nweight-of-evidence characterisation of carcinogenic risk with superior\nhuman predictivity. Additional advantages include substantial savings of\nfinancial, human and animal resources, and potentially greater insights\ninto mechanisms of carcinogenicity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.bmj.com/content/331/7521/E389.short\"\u003eWhich drugs cause cancer? For and against: Cancer\nbioassays\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAndrew Knight, Jarrod Bailey, Jonathan Balcombe\u003cbr\u003e\nFOR Despite President Nixon\u0026rsquo;s War on Cancer, launched in 1971, and\nbillions of dollars spent since then, cancer remains the second-leading\nkiller of Americans. Around 40% of us will get cancer, and half of us\nwill die from it. 1 This cease-less tide of human suffering ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.136.2370\u0026amp;rep=rep1\u0026amp;type=pdf\"\u003eMedical training using simulation: Toward fewer animals and safer\npatients\u003c/a\u003e\n(pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - ATLA-NOTTINGHAM-, 2004 - Citeseer\u003cbr\u003e\nThis paper presents the current status of computer-based simulation in\nmedicine. Recent technological advances have enabled this field to\nemerge from esoteric explorations in academic laboratories to\ncommercially available simulators designed to train users to perform\nmedical procedures from start to finish. Today, more than a dozen\ncompanies are producing virtual reality simulators and interactive\nmanikins for training in endoscopy, laparoscopy, anaesthesia, trauma\nmanagement, angiography, and needle insertion. For many of these\nprocedures, thousands of animals are still being used in training. Yet\nsimulation has many advantages that can transcend scientific, ethical,\neconomic and logistical problems that arise when using animals. The\nfirst validation studies of medical simulators began appearing in the\nlate 1990s, and the early results indicate that these devices measure\nwhat they are intended to, and that they can improve performance\nrelative to traditional learning methods. In addition to expanded use\nfor new and existing minimally invasive procedures, medical simulators\nbegan appearing in the late 1990s, and the early results indicate that\nthese devices measure what they are intended to, and that they can\nimprove performance relative to traditional learning methods. In\naddition to expanded use for new and existing minimally invasive\nprocedures, medical simulators will probably soon be used in physician\ncredentialing, and they may someday allow surgeons to rehearse\nprocedures in a patient-specific operating environment. Replacing\nanimals with simulators in medical training is limited no longer by\ntechnical feasibility but by a willingness of the medical community to\nembrace it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10888700903372168\"\u003eLaboratory rodent welfare: Thinking outside the\ncage\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 2009 - Taylor \u0026amp;\nFrancis\u003cbr\u003e\nThis commentary presents the case against housing rats and mice in\nlaboratory cages; the commentary bases its case on their sentience,\nnatural history, and the varied detriments of laboratory conditions. The\ncommentary gives 5 arguments to support this position: (a) rats and mice\nhave a high degree of sentience and can suffer, (b) laboratory\nenvironments cause suffering, (c) rats and mice in the wild have\ndiscrete behavioral needs, (d) rats and mice bred for many generations\nin the laboratory retain these needs, and (e) these needs are not met in\nlaboratory cages.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://oae.sagepub.com/content/13/4/460.short\"\u003eVerbal Vivisection\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - Organization \u0026amp; environment, 2000 - oae.sagepub.com\u003cbr\u003e\nThis commentary revisits and provides some further analysis on Dunayerā€™s\ncritique of language use by the animal research community. Without\nquestion, such language is often used to distort and soften certain\nharsh realities of vivisection. The commentator elaborates on the terms\nconsent, sacrifice, euthanasia, and vivisection and reflects on the\nparticular challenges faced by any writer who sets out to assail the use\nof language by another interest group. For in doing so, the writer risks\nfalling into the same traps of manipulative or prejudicial language that\nare being denounced. Dunayer is not immune to this, but she raises some\nvalid and provocative points along the way.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/recordDetail?accno=ED423113\"\u003eAnimal\nDissection\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - 1998 - eric.ed.gov\u003cbr\u003e\nKilling animals for classroom dissection causes animal suffering,\ncheapens the value of life, and depletes wild animal populations, yet it\nremains commonplace. The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS)\naddresses the issue in this information packet which includes a fact\nsheet and three resource lists \u0026ldquo;on Dissection.\u0026rdquo; The fact sheet discusses\nthe numbers of animals killed for dissection in schools, kinds of\nanimals used, sources of animals, industry methods, lack of industry\noversight, student feelings, legislation, available alternatives,\neducational pros and cons, and suggestions for student action. An\nannotated list of studies on attitudes toward dissection includes 13\nstudies of student attitudes from elementary school through medical\nschool. A second annotated bibliography addresses comparative studies of\ndissection and other animal uses in education. These studies include\ncomparisons of student performance between groups performing dissection\nand those learning using models, computer simulation, lecture, or\nsequential slides. The studies also review field-based animal research\nas opposed to laboratory-based studies of animal behavior.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v438/n7066/full/438282c.html\"\u003eIntelligent, social rat can find joy in a hostile\nworld\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - Nature, 2005 - nature.com\u003cbr\u003e\nOne has to admire the guile and tenacity of the lone rat described by\nJames Russell and colleagues (ā€œIntercepting the first rat ashoreā€,\nNature 437, 1107; 2005). This rat lived for ten weeks on a small,\nbooby-trapped island, visited by trained rat-killing dogs, before\nswimming a quarter of a mile to a neighbouring island, where he survived\na further two months of concerted efforts to eliminate him.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/s15327604jaws0104_8\"\u003eEuroNICHE 10th Anniversary\nConference\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 1998 - Taylor \u0026amp;\nFrancis\u003cbr\u003e\nThe European Network of Individuals and Campaigns for Humane Education\n(EuroNICHE) held its 10th conference November 28 through 30 in Hoek van\nHolland, The Netherlands. EuroNICHE describes itself as\u0026quot; an\ninternational network of students, teachers, and other ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/v14/n3/full/nm0308-239a.html\"\u003eLaboratory animals deserve better legal\nprotection\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - Nature Medicine, 2008 - nature.com\u003cbr\u003e\nGiven that she is head of the National Association for Biomedical\nResearch, Frankie Trull\u0026rsquo;s professed concern for animal welfare in her\ninterview is disingenuous considering her organization\u0026rsquo;s history of\ncampaigning to ensure that rats, mice and birds be excluded from Animal\nWelfare Act (AWA) protections. The idea that these animals are not\nworthy of AWA coverage is unscientific and unethical. Rats and mice, in\nparticular, continue to be exposed to such torments as inescapable\nelectric shocks and force-feedings. Are these really what anyone would\nconsider \u0026ldquo;the most humane conditions\u0026rdquo;?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://my.psychologytoday.com/files/attachments/41209/dissection-case-alternativespdf.pdf\"\u003eDissection: The Scientiļ¬c Case for\nAlternatives\u003c/a\u003e\n(pdf)\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - 2001 - my.psychologytoday.com\u003cbr\u003e\nThis article presents the scientiļ¬c argument that leaming methods that\nreplace tradi-tional nonhuman animal-consumptive methods in life science\neducationā€”ā€”so-called alternatives to dissection-are pedagogically sound\nand probably superior to dissection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/s15327604jaws0201_7\"\u003eECVAM Workshop on Alternatives to the Use of Animals in Higher\nEducation\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 1999 - Taylor \u0026amp;\nFrancis\u003cbr\u003e\nThe movement for alternatives to the use of animals in laboratories has\nfocused primarily on testing and research and relatively little on\neducation, yet educational use of animals is substantial-numbering\nannually many millions of animals worldwide. The potential for ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true\u0026amp;_\u0026amp;ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED384514\u0026amp;ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no\u0026amp;accno=ED384514\"\u003eHumane Science Projects: Suggestions for Biology\nStudies\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nBalcombe, Jonathan P., Comp.\u003cbr\u003e\nThis paper lists 35 studies in biology which can be tailored to suit the\nfull range of student age groups and are designed to involve most or all\nof the key elements of the scientific process (study design, data\ncollection and presentation, and experimental manipulation). Examples of\nsome studies are: (1) study the growth of molds on food items under\ndifferent growing conditions; vary foods and growing conditions; (2)\nstudy absenteeism in school; relate to colds, flu, other illnesses; (3)\nvisit a local pond where bats forage at dusk; time of arrival of the\nbats on different nights and compare with time of year; estimate insect\nabundance by counting sudden changes of flight direction; and (4)\nconduct a behavioral study of your companion animal(s) at home: e.g., to\nwhat sounds do they respond; compare response to different vocal\ninflections; examine play behavior, etc. (get pdf)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10888700903372358\"\u003eToward Genuine Rodent Welfare: Response to Reviewer\nComments\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe - Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 2009 - Taylor \u0026amp;\nFrancis\u003cbr\u003e\nI\u0026rsquo;m grateful to the editors for soliciting critiques of my commentary\nand for the opportunity to respond. Because one of the respondents\n(Patterson-Kane, 2010 12. Patterson-Kane, E. 2010/this issue. Thinking\noutside of our cages. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10888705.2011.600667\"\u003eSelf-Harm in Laboratory-Housed Primates: Where Is the Evidence That the\nAnimal Welfare Act Amendment Has\nWorked?\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Balcombe, H Ferdowsian,D Durham - Journal of Applied Animal Welfare\nScience, 2011 - Taylor \u0026amp; Francis\u003cbr\u003e\nThe 1985 amendment to the United States Animal Welfare Act (AWA) to\npromote psychological well being of primates in the laboratory\nrepresents an acknowledgment of an important welfare problem concerning\nnonhuman animals. How effective has this amendment been? Perhaps the\nbest-known contributor to psychological distress in primates in the\nlaboratory is nonsocial housing; yet, available analyses suggest that\nlittle progress has been made in avoiding single-caging of these\nanimals. Another way to assess psychological well being is to examine\nrates of self-abusive behavior in laboratory primates. If the AWA has\nbeen effective, then post-AWA self-harm rates might be lower than\npre-AWA rates. However, when we attempted to determine those rates from\npublished studies, data were too sparse to allow a rigorous statistical\nanalysis; of 139 studies reporting primate self-harming behavior, only 9\ncontained data allowing estimation of self-harming behavior rates. We\nconclude that the current system of laboratory animal care and record\nkeeping is inadequate to properly assess AWA impacts on primate\npsychological well being and that more is required to ensure the\npsychological well being of primates.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Michael Greger", "date_published": "2022-03-01T09:59:14-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-01T09:59:14-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/michael-greger/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/beings/michael-greger/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eDr. Michael Greger is a major catalyst for the vegan movement!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael Greger, M.D. FACLM, is a physician, author, and\ninternationally recognized speaker on a number of important public\nhealth issues. All proceeds from his speaking engagements and the sale\nof his books and DVDs are donated to charity. His 501(c)3 nonprofit\n\u003ca href=\"https://nutritionfacts.org/\"\u003eNutritionFacts.org\u003c/a\u003e is the first\nscience-based, non-commercial website to provide free daily videos and\narticles on the latest discoveries in nutrition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGo to \u003ca href=\"https://drgreger.org\"\u003eDr. Greger\u0026rsquo;s site\u003c/a\u003e and also visit his\n\u003ca href=\"https://nutritionfacts.org\"\u003eNutritionFacts.org\u003c/a\u003e which is one of the\nbest resources on the internet!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Nutrition Facts", "date_published": "2022-03-01T01:52:05-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-01T01:52:05-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/nutrition-facts/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/nutrition-facts/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is one of the best sites on the internet! Dr. Michael Greger has\nmade serious nutrition science available to the layperson through videos\nthat delve into the huge number of published papers on diet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFind out what the latest science is saying about your favorite foods\nto help you make the healthiest choices for you and your family.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWatch our free videos on more than 2,000 health and nutrition topics\nwith new videos and articles uploaded every day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGo to \u003ca href=\"https://nutritionfacts.org\"\u003enutritionfacts.org\u003c/a\u003e and also check\nout Greger\u0026rsquo;s \u003ca href=\"https://drgreger.org\"\u003eown site\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Archlinux", "date_published": "2022-03-01T01:33:12-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-03-01T01:33:12-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/archlinux/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/archlinux/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is our distribution of choice for many years! It works well, uses\na rolling release update and has an very helpful community!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou\u0026rsquo;ve reached the website for Arch Linux, a lightweight and flexible\nLinuxĀ® distribution that tries to Keep It Simple.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently we have official packages optimized for the x86-64\narchitecture. We complement our official package sets with a\ncommunity-operated package repository that grows in size and quality\neach and every day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur strong community is diverse and helpful, and we pride ourselves on\nthe range of skillsets and uses for Arch that stem from it. Please\ncheck out our forums and mailing lists to get your feet wet. Also\nglance through our wiki if you want to learn more about Arch.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGo to \u003ca href=\"https://archlinux.org\"\u003earchlinux.org\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Disruptive Technologies", "date_published": "2022-02-28T19:51:46-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-02-28T19:51:46-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/technology/disruptive-technologies/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/technology/disruptive-technologies/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWe present various aspects of technology that will disrupt the status\nquo. Last Updated: \u0026lt;2022-02-28 Mon\u0026gt;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"introduction\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIntroduction \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#introduction\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the disruptive technology (distec) collection that we have been\ninvestigating since the end of March 2021.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe came across distec after a presentation on \u003ca href=\"https://www.beyondanimal.com\"\u003eBeyond\nAnimal\u003c/a\u003e by James Arbib of Rethinkx and\nwere very impressed not only by the concept, but also by what is\ninevitably on the way. One of the main benefits of distec is to\nannihilate existing industries that are detrimental to lifeforms and\nenvironment. Many of the presenters in the videos section talk not only\nabout the technology, but also about the importance of the ethical\nresult.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have long maintained that the achievement of animal rights (which is\nthe fundamental ethic that present day science can determine via\nsentience criteria), will occur as a result of two forces, legal and\nbusiness. The latter is happening through distec.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis page will be updated as we study this venture and examine\ninvestment opportunities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"rethinkx\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.rethinkx.com\"\u003eRethinkX\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rethinkx\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;RethinkX is an independent think tank that analyzes and forecasts the\nspeed and scale of technology-driven disruption and its implications\nacross society. We produce impartial, data-driven analyses that identify\npivotal choices to be made by investors, business, policy and civic\nleaders.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003etheir mission is to \u0026ldquo;facilitate a robust global conversation about the\nthreats and opportunities of technology-driven disruptions, and\nhighlight choices that could lead to a more equitable, healthy,\nresilient and stable society.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe site is primarily sectioned into\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"about\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAbout \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#about\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"about-rethinkx\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAbout rethinkx \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#about-rethinkx\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ean independent think tank that analyzes and forecasts the speed and\nscale of technology-driven disruption and its implications across\nsociety\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"meet-the-team\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMeet the team \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#meet-the-team\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTony Seba, Founder\u003c/strong\u003e is a world-renowned thought leader, Silicon\nValley entrepreneur, educator and author\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJames Arbib, Founder\u003c/strong\u003e is a London-based investor in technology\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUzair Niazi, Founding Director\u003c/strong\u003e has over 20 years of high-tech\nindustry experience leading product development teams across the globe\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdam Dorr, Research Fellow\u003c/strong\u003e is an environmental social scientist\nand technology theorist\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBradd Libby, Research Fellow\u003c/strong\u003e responsible for our complex systems\nanalysis and modelling\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTaylor Hinds, Research Associate\u003c/strong\u003e provides support on various\nprojects, with a special focus on disruption within the agriculture\nsector\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRichard Anderson, Editorial Adviser\u003c/strong\u003e a journalist and editor for\nmore than 20 years\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"getting-it-right\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGetting it right \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#getting-it-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Seba Technology Disruption Framework takes a systems approach to\nanalyze the market forces triggered by technology convergence, business\nmodel innovation, product innovation, and exponential improvements in\nboth cost and capabilities. It captures the complex processes that drive\na pattern of rapid, non- linear change.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"blog\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBlog \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#blog\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Impact of Covid-19 on Food ā€“ Part 1: The Collapse of the Old\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Impact of Covid-19 on Food ā€“ Part 2: The Rise of the New\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe power of disruption: Winners take it all\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrecision fermentation is nothing new and itā€™s here to stay\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrecision Fermentation: What exactly is it?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrecision Fermentation and the Disruption of the Palm Oil Industry\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTake a Byte! Food-as-Software\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrecision Regulation ā€“ Policy as a key shaper of the new food system\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Social License\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhy would you build a million-mile car?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eand more ā€¦\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"reports\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eReports \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#reports\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLCOE levelized cost of electricity\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eis a measure of the average net present cost of electricity generation\nfor a plant over its lifetime\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003erepresents the average revenue per unit of electricity generated that\nwould be required to recover the costs of building and operating a\ngenerating plant during an assumed financial life and duty cycle\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLCOE is (sum of costs) / (sum of energy produced)\u003c/strong\u003e calculated as\nfollows:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e$$\nLCOE = \\frac {\\sum_{t=1}^{n} \\frac{I_t+M_t+F_t}{(1+r)^t}} {\\sum_{t=1}^{n} \\frac{E_t}{(1+r)^t}}\n$$\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth\u003eSymbol\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003eExplanation\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e$@I_t\u003c/sub\u003e$@\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003einvestment expenditures in the year t\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e$@M_t\u003c/sub\u003e$@\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eoperations and maintenance expenditures in the year t\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e$@F_t\u003c/sub\u003e$@\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003efuel expenditures in the year t\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e$@E_t\u003c/sub\u003e$@\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eelectrical energy generated in the year t\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e$@r$@\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003ediscount rate\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e$@n$@\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eexpected lifetime of system or power station\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"the-great-stranding\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/585c3439be65942f022bbf9b/t/604a545fe0dbf3775ee6329b/1615484151178/Rethinking-Energy-LCOE.pdf\"\u003eThe Great Stranding\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-great-stranding\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow Inaccurate Mainstream LCOE Estimates are Creating a Trillion-Dollar\nBubble in Conventional Energy Assets.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExecutive Summary\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA large and rapidly-expanding global financial bubble now exists\naround conventional coal, gas, nuclear, and hydro power energy\nassets. This bubble has in part been created by mainstream energy\nanalyses that have, for the last decade, significantly\nunderestimated the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) from\nconventional power plants because they assume these plants will be\nable to successfully sell the same quantity of electricity each year\nfrom now through 2040 and beyond. This assumption has been false for\nat least ten years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003erates at which conventional power plants are utilized will\ncontinue to decrease\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003econventional energy asset valuations are heavily overstated\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecritical error: they assume high and constant capacity factor for\n20y lifetime\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esources that commit this error include ā€¦\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecapacity factor in conventional energy has been dropping since at\nleast 2010\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efalse assumptions have made conventional energy assets appear more\nattractive than they actually are\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efinancial bubble is investment in an asset class above what the\nfundamental value can return\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSWB will drive capacity factor of coal, gas, nuclear, and hydro\npower plants toward zero\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur analysis has a number of important implications for energy and\nfinance, as well as for society and the environment at large.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRethinking LCOE through lens of disruption\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnderestimation of coal, gas, and nuclear power plant LCOE strongly\nbiases cost comparisons with SWB and other technologies in favor of\nthese incumbents ā€¦ calculation of LCOE itself presumes that a power\nplant will obtain sufficient revenues and cashflows to cover costs\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn competitive markets, neither the assumption that capacity factor\nwill remain high and constant nor the assumption that electricity\ncan be successfully sold at higher prices holds true.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecoal\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esize of the coal fleet has shrunk dramatically over the last\ndecade in both the United States (47% decline) and the United\nKingdom (79% decline)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethereā€™s not a single regulated coal power plant that is\ncompetitive in the U.S. today\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ehistorical data show high and constant capacity factor has been\ninvalid for over a decade\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecoal index fell 99% since 2011 and was discontinued by S\u0026amp;P\nGlobal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecoal cost/kwh forecast are unfeasible compared to SWB\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecorrected LCOE for coal power is far higher than reported\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eby 2030, the LCOE of a new coal power plant is nearly 9 times\ngreater than the U.S. EIA Reference Case assumption\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003egas\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eU.S. EIA has assumed a constant capacity factor of 87% for the\nentire 20-year technical life of new gas power plants causing\nLCOE to be artificially lowered\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecorrected LCOE of new builds rises as average capacity factor\ncontinues to decline\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003enuclear\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLCOE of nuclear is much higher than mainstream analysts claim,\nwhen costs such as decommissioning and full insurance costs are\naccounted\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003enuclear power plants entering service in 2020 have an LCOE of\n22.5 cents per kilowatt-hour ā€“ 175% greater the U.S. EIAā€™s\ncurrent estimate of 8.2 cents per kilowatt-hour\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ehydro\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eanalysts assume a constant capacity factor throughout the\nlifetime of any newly-built facility\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecorrected LCOE of a new hydro power plant is nearly 10 times\ngreater than the U.S. EIA Reference Case assumption\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eall scenarios presented are for illustrative purposes, but more\nrealistic outcomes is full disruption to collapse ā€¦ so it\u0026rsquo;s gonna be\nworse than it looks!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImplications\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eanalysis has a number of important implications for energy and\nfinance, as well as for society and the environment at large:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConventional energy assets are severely mispriced due to false\nassumptions, creating a bubble\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoal, gas, nuclear, and hydro power are no longer competitive, SWB\nwill capture increasing share\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSolar and wind power reached cost parity and became cheaper sooner\nthan expected (1/20th)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSWB disruption will proceed faster than expected\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoal and gas power plants with integrated CCS are overvalued\ncreating false narratives\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGovernments must protect people, not industries, from the\nfinancial risk\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_neutrality\"\u003eCarbon\nneutrality\u003c/a\u003e can\nbe achieved more quickly and cheaply than generally expected\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eserious choices to make knowing the above implications.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChoices\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eleaders should choose to reject conventional dogma and instead\ndemand that all energy assets ā€“ from plants and refineries to\npipelines and ports ā€“ adopt a dynamic and transparent LCOE model\nthat more realistically reflects current as well as likely future\nmarket conditions and risks based on the reality of the SWB\ndisruption.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edynamic LCOE choices:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003euse a dynamic LCOE model in their cash flow calculations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eassume new power plants begin operation with only the market\ncapacity factor\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epower plant operational lifetimes should also reflect the\ndisruption by SWB\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eaccounting authorities should allow for faster depreciation\nschedules\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emarket LCOE choices:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemand analysts calculate LCOE on the basis of realistic\nassumptions for capacity factor\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemand that conventional energy promoters calculate LCOE by\nrealistic assumptions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReview asset valuations of existing holdings of conventional\nenergy assets realistically\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLend to conventional energy asset owners on the basis of\nrealistic LCOE calculations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eValuation of supply chain assets should take into account a\nrealistic demand model\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGovernment regulators should not enlist ratepayers to subsidize\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUtilities be obligated to use shareholder capital in any new\nconventional energy investment\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esavings LCOE choices:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFinancial institutions should not use the public money to invest\nin conventional energy assets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAsset managers should not invest in conventional energy assets\nor their supply chains\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarket openness/transparency/liquidity should be requisite\nconditions for pension investment\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003easset managers should not lend to conventional energy asset\nowners\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003enot adopting the above choices could lead to disruption of societal\nexistence as severe as the disruption awaiting conventional\nindustries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDeath Spiral\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe disruption of the electric power sector by solar, wind, and\nbatteries (SWB) during the 2020s will unfold much more rapidly than\nmainstream forecasts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSWB will enjoy a virtuous cycle of accelerating adoption while\nincumbent technologies enter a death spiral.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe virtuous cycle for SWB\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efalling costs, which increases demand\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edemand drives industry growth, attracts investment, increases\ngovernment support, leading to an expansion of supply\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esupply expansion improves capabilities, lower costs further,\nincreases acceptance and more demand\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003enew technologies also bring social and environmental benefits over a\nconventional coal, gas, and nuclear technologies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe vicious cycle for conventional\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efalling demand as they are progressively outcompeted by SWB\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eless demand means less revenue, profit, investment, government\nsupport, and therefore less supply\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esupply reduction result in rising costs and downward demand\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe virtuous cycle enjoyed by SWB and the vicious cycle suffered by\ncoal, gas, nuclear, and hydro power will feed into each other,\nbecause falling demand for the old and growing demand for the new\nserve to accelerate one another.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"rethinking-energy-2020-2030\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.rethinkx.com/energy\"\u003eRethinking Energy 2020-2030\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rethinking-energy-2020-2030\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e100% Solar, Wind, and Batteries is Just the Beginning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe are on the cusp of the fastest, deepest, most profound disruption of\nthe energy sector in over a century. Like most disruptions, this one is\nbeing driven by the convergence of several key technologies whose costs\nand capabilities have been improving on consistent and predictable\ntrajectories ā€“ namely, solar photovoltaic power, wind power, and\nlithium-ion battery energy storage. Our analysis shows that 100% clean\nelectricity from the combination of solar, wind, and batteries (SWB) is\nboth physically possible and economically affordable across the entire\ncontinental United States as well as the overwhelming majority of other\npopulated regions of the world by 2030. Adoption of SWB is growing\nexponentially worldwide and disruption is now inevitable because by 2030\nthey will offer the cheapest electricity option for most regions. Coal,\ngas, and nuclear power assets will become stranded during the 2020s, and\nno new investment in these technologies is rational from this point\nforward.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"rethinking-food-and-agriculture-2020-2030\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.rethinkx.com/food-and-agriculture\"\u003eRethinking Food and Agriculture 2020-2030\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rethinking-food-and-agriculture-2020-2030\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Second Domestication of Plants and Animals, the Disruption of the\nCow, and the Collapse of Industrial Livestock Farming.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy 2030, the number of cows in the U.S. will have fallen by 50% and the\ncattle farming industry will be all but bankrupt. All other livestock\nindustries will suffer a similar fate, while the knock-on effects for\ncrop farmers and businesses throughout the value chain will be severe.\nRethinking Food and Agriculture shows how the modern food disruption,\nmade possible by rapid advances in precision biology and an entirely new\nmodel of production we call Food-as-Software, will have profound\nimplications not just for the industrial agriculture industry, but for\nthe wider economy, society, and the environment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"rethinking-transportation-2020-2030\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.rethinkx.com/transportation#transportation-download\"\u003eRethinking Transportation 2020-2030\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rethinking-transportation-2020-2030\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Disruption of Transportation and the Collapse of the\nInternal-Combustion Vehicle and Oil Industries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy 2030, within 10 years of regulatory approval of Autonomous Vehicles\n(AVs), 95 percent of U.S. passenger miles traveled will be served by\non-demand autonomous electric vehicles owned by fleets, not individuals,\nin a new business model we call ā€œtransport-as-a-serviceā€ (TaaS).\nRethinking Transportation shows how TaaS disruption will have enormous\nimplications across the transportation and oil industries, decimating\nentire portions of their value chains, causing oil demand and prices to\nplummet, and destroying trillions in investor value ā€” but also creating\ntrillions in new business opportunities, consumer surplus and GDP\ngrowth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"rethinking-humanity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.rethinkx.com/humanity\"\u003eRethinking Humanity\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rethinking-humanity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the 2020s, key technologies will converge to completely disrupt\nthe five foundational sectors that underpin the global economy, and with\nthem every major industry in the world today.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn information, energy, food, transportation, and materials, costs will\nfall by a 10x or more, while production processes an order of magnitude\nmore efficient will use 90% fewer natural resources with 10x-100x less\nwaste. The knock-on effects for society will be as profound as the\nextraordinary possibilities that emerge. For the first time in history,\nwe could overcome poverty easily. Access to all our basic needs could\nbecome a fundamental human right. But this is just one future outcome.\nThe alternative could see our civilization collapse into a new dark age.\nWhich path we take depends on the choices we make, starting today. The\nstakes could not be higher.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"seba-technology-disruption-framework\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.rethinkx.com/framework\"\u003eSeba Technology Disruption Framework\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#seba-technology-disruption-framework\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRethinkX uses the Seba Technology Disruption Frameworkā„¢ to help analyze\nand model the disruptions we study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDeveloped by Tony Seba, this framework is the result of more than a\ndozen years of research and teaching on technology disruptions, business\nmodel innovation, finance and strategic marketing of high-tech products\nand innovations at Stanford Continuing Studies, and has been used to\nunderstand and anticipate disruptions in several industries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003enotes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eillustrates the framework mechanism through diagrams\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003econvergence of technologies -\u0026gt; exponential growth -\u0026gt; disruption\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"resources\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eResources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#resources\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"guidance-for-decision-makers-and-investors\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGuidance for Decision Makers and Investors \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#guidance-for-decision-makers-and-investors\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethis is the action plan from rethink humanity\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"policy-makers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePolicy Makers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#policy-makers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ea policy factsheet for autonomous, electric, on-demand vehicles\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ea policy primer for the coming transportation disruption\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"businesses-and-investors\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBusinesses and Investors \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#businesses-and-investors\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efactsheet on autonomous vehicles and end of individual car ownership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ebusiness and investor primer for coming transportation disruption\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"videos\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eVideos \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#videos\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVarious videos on youtube some of which relate to the reports.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"rethinking-energy-2020-2030-100-solar-wind-and-batteries-is-just-the-beginning\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRethinking Energy 2020-2030: 100% Solar, Wind, and Batteries is Just the Beginning \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rethinking-energy-2020-2030-100-solar-wind-and-batteries-is-just-the-beginning\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6zgwiQ6BoLA?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch3 id=\"the-great-stranding-how-inaccurate-mainstream-lcoe-estimates-are-creating-a-trillion-dollar-bubble\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Great Stranding: How Inaccurate Mainstream LCOE Estimates are Creating a Trillion-Dollar Bubble \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-great-stranding-how-inaccurate-mainstream-lcoe-estimates-are-creating-a-trillion-dollar-bubble\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/udJJ7n_Ryjg?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch3 id=\"rethinking-humanity-an-extraordinary-interview-with-american-futurist-tony-seba-of-rethinkx\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRethinking Humanity: An extraordinary interview with American futurist Tony Seba of RethinkX \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rethinking-humanity-an-extraordinary-interview-with-american-futurist-tony-seba-of-rethinkx\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/uS5K9KBHTnM?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch3 id=\"spread-the-sun-a-new-era-featuring-tony-seba-rethinkx-frĆ©dĆ©ric-storck-cnr-anis-jouni-cea-ines\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSpread The Sun A New Era: featuring Tony Seba RethinkX; FrĆ©dĆ©ric Storck CNR; Anis Jouni CEA-INES \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#spread-the-sun-a-new-era-featuring-tony-seba-rethinkx-fr%c3%a9d%c3%a9ric-storck-cnr-anis-jouni-cea-ines\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/uC4oEKNfleU?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch3 id=\"the-great-collapse-are-you-prepared-investing-in-disruption-starts-with-understanding-it\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Great Collapse: Are YOU Prepared? Investing in Disruption Starts With Understanding It \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-great-collapse-are-you-prepared-investing-in-disruption-starts-with-understanding-it\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/kGgC1ryXZs0?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch1 id=\"ark-invest\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ark-invest.com\"\u003eArk-Invest\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ark-invest\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"investment-solutions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvestment Solutions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investment-solutions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth\u003earea\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003earkF\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003earkG\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003earkK\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003earkQ\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003earkW\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003earkX\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003eTOTALS\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e3D Printing\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e3\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eAerial Drones\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e2\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eAg Bio\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eArtificial Intelligence\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e3\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eAutonomous Technology\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e2\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eAutonomous Vehicles\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e2\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eBiotech\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eCloud Computing\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eDNA Sequencing\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e2\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eDigital Media\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eDigital Wallets\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eECommerce\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eEnabling Technology\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eFintech\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e2\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eGene Editing\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eGene Therapy\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eIoT\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eLending\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eMaaS\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eMobile Payments\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e2\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eMolecular Diagnostics\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eOrbital(sub) Aerospace\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e2\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e2\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eReusable Rockets\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eRisk Transformation\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eRobotics\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e2\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003eTargeted Therapeutics\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e1\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"by-product-type\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBy Product Type \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#by-product-type\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"why-innovation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhy Innovation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#why-innovation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"invest-in-the-future-today\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvest In The Future Today \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#invest-in-the-future-today\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInnovation should displace industry incumbents, increase efficiencies,\nand gain majority market share.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInnovation Must Meet Three Criteria\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExperience dramatic cost declines and unleash waves of incremental\ndemand (wright\u0026rsquo;s law: $\u003ccode\u003eY = a X^b\u003c/code\u003e$)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCut across sectors and geographies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eServe as a platform for additional innovations\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMajor Innovation Platforms\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArtificial Intelligence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnergy Storage\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobotics\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDNA Sequencing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlockchain Technology\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"take-advantage-of-four-market-inefficiencies\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTake Advantage of Four Market Inefficiencies \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#take-advantage-of-four-market-inefficiencies\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Marketā€™s Short-Term Time Horizon\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003elong flat adoption curves\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eperformance declines before mass market acceptance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eaccelerated growth results in winner take all\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Silo-ization of Wall Street\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecross-sector disruptive innovation themes to capitalize on the\nconvergence of research\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Passive Public Markets\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einnovative public companies with forward looking growth are most\ninefficiently priced part of market\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Closed-Off Research and Investment Mentality\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ean Open Research Ecosystem that combines top-down and bottom-up\nresearch\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethematic investment process\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etop-down bottom-up\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einsights between the portfolio manager, director of research,\nanalysts, external sources\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eanalysts are organized by cross-sector innovation themes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eidentify entry points for tech-enabled disruption\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecreates investment briefs and valuation models\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eproprietary scoring system to evaluate stocks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecompany scores are discussed weekly\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003escoring metrics\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecompany people culture\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eexecution\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emoat\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eproduct leadership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003evaluation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethesis risk\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"make-the-world-a-better-place\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMake The World A Better Place \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#make-the-world-a-better-place\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esustainable investing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esdg\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ehow?\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNext Generation Internet\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDNA Sequencing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFintech\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobotics \u0026amp; Autonomous Technology\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"about-ark\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAbout ARK \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#about-ark\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"the-ark-difference\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe ARK Difference \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-ark-difference\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einvest at the pace of innovation\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSole Focus on Disruptive Innovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExperienced Investment Leadership\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThematic Analysts Organized by Innovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransparent and Open Research Ecosystem\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLong-Term Investment Time Horizon\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investment-process\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvestment Process \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investment-process\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA. top-down\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIdeation examines from the top-down how the world is changing and\nwhere it is headed\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSizing The Opportunity models cost-curves and calculates elasticity\nof demand to identify entry points\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003c!-- --\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ebottom-up\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStock Selection And Valuation valuation and revenue model for\neach company in the portfolio over the next five years\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePortfolio And Risk Management monitors the underlying investment\nthesis of every company weekly\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eopen research ecosystem collaborate within particular themes, as\nwell as across themes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eincorporates Sustainability Intrinsically investment philosophy and\nprocess inherently considers ESG principles that align with SDG\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"our-team\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOur Team \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#our-team\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"work-at-ark\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWork at ARK \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#work-at-ark\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"press--media\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePress \u0026amp; Media \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#press--media\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"board-of-directors\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBoard of Directors \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#board-of-directors\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"corporate-responsibility\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCorporate Responsibility \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#corporate-responsibility\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eARK believes that innovation is key to growth and will make the world a\nbetter place. We seek to invest in companies aligned with this belief,\nbut also to operate our own company in a way that enhances society. To\nsucceed in this mission, ARK implements responsible corporate\ngovernance, fosters a diverse and inclusive workforce, and gives back to\norganizations that we believe are promoting good health and well-being,\nquality education, and gender equality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"ark-swag-store\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eARK Swag Store \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ark-swag-store\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"faq\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ark-invest.com/faq/\"\u003eFAQ\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#faq\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eActive Research Management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eARK researches across sectors, industries, and markets to gain a\ndeeper understanding of the convergence and market potential of\ndisruptive innovations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eARKā€™s Open Research Ecosystem seeks to capitalize on rapid change\nthrough an open approach and the convergence of insights.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eARK actively engages with Theme Developers as part of our research\necosystem.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThematic investing seeks to capitalize on long-term trends that cut\nacross economic sectors and geographic boundaries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile benchmarks reflect past successes, thematic investing seeks to\ncapture future growth allowing investors to earn a market premium.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe research and invest in a wide range of companies, from mega caps to\nmicro caps that we believe are going to contribute to and benefit from\nthe rapidly changing market landscape.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eARKā€™s cross-sector portfolios aim to uncover disruptive innovation\nthat impacts multiple industries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a result of extensive and iterative research steps, ARK anticipates\nand quantifies multi-year value-chain transformations and market\nopportunities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eARK will sell a company if it believes that a disruptor has become\ndisrupted itself, or that it is no longer on the leading edge of\nfast-moving industries or innovation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn fast-moving themes, like those of our strategies, volatility is the\nfoundation of opportunity and potentially higher returns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eARK believes the companies it invests in will be prominent in such\nindices over a full market cycle\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003erecognize the misunderstood nature of many companiesā€™ fundamentals and\nlook to identify companies that are leaders rather than the largest\nmarket capitalization company in a passive index\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf a stockā€™s share price has fallen in the market due to short-term\ncontroversy, ARK tends to increase its position (providing the thesis\nis unchanged). If a stock is overhyped, ARK will trim the position to\ntake profits.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eARK suggests a long-term investment horizon of a full investment\ncycle, or 7+ years.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eartificial intelligence, DNA sequencing, robotics, energy storage, and\nblockchain technology are the innovation platforms leading the global\neconomy into what could be the most transformative period in history\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"research-center\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eResearch Center \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#research-center\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"videos-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eVideos \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#videos-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"big-ideas-2022-summit\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBig Ideas 2022: Summit \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#big-ideas-2022-summit\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/2iUxGm6hYAc?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch3 id=\"big-ideas-2021-cathie-wood-and-brett-winton\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBig Ideas 2021: Cathie Wood and Brett Winton \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#big-ideas-2021-cathie-wood-and-brett-winton\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/qKAVn58q5bA?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch3 id=\"ark-invest-big-ideas-2021-cathie-wood-explains-full-interview\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eArk Invest Big Ideas 2021: Cathie Wood Explains (Full Interview) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ark-invest-big-ideas-2021-cathie-wood-explains-full-interview\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/E072XShlRxA?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch3 id=\"ark-the-five-platforms-of-disruptive-innovation-an-excellent-cathie-wood-interview\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eARK: The five platforms of disruptive innovation (an excellent Cathie Wood interview) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ark-the-five-platforms-of-disruptive-innovation-an-excellent-cathie-wood-interview\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/m4_AAmLpwR8?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch1 id=\"ticker-symbol-you\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/c/TickerSymbolYOU\"\u003eTicker Symbol: YOU\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ticker-symbol-you\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn exceptionally good channel by applied math grad Alex! He follows and\nexplains the Ark-Invest moves which can help in making trading\ndecisions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"nanalyze\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"Https://www.nanalyze.com\"\u003eNanalyze\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#nanalyze\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA website with articles on a wide range of disruptive technology topics\nand a focus on investing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome articles of administrative interest:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/2020/07/30-emerging-technologies/\"\u003eInvesting in Emerging and Disruptive\nTechnologies\u003c/a\u003e\nprovides an indication of what to expect on the site\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/nanalyze-premium-articles/\"\u003eThe Nanalyze Disruptive Tech Investing\nMethodology\u003c/a\u003e\nexplains their picking process\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/2021/01/nanalyze-stock-portfolio-performance/\"\u003eCalculating Our Nanalyze Tech Stock Portfolio\nPerformance\u003c/a\u003e\nshows their results from 1998 at 480%\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow are specific areas of investment (found in the disruptive\ntechnologies dropdown menu) that are of interest to us:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"3d-printing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-3d-printing-companies-stocks/\"\u003e3D Printing\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#3d-printing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"what-is-3d-printing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat is 3D Printing? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-is-3d-printing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe construction of three-dimensional objects from Computer-Aided\nDesign (CAD) models or other digital 3D design models\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3D Printing Materials and Technology\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eplastics, metals, ceramics, concrete, paper, and even certain\nkinds of foodstuffs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003estereolithography (SLA), Material jetting, powder bed fusion\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3D Printing Metals\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emany ways to go about 3D printing metal (eg joule printing)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"the-industrial-3d-printer\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Industrial 3D Printer \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-industrial-3d-printer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efocus areas have emerged in various industries\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"healthcare\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHealthcare \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#healthcare\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3D Printing and Dentistry\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003estraighten teeth at home\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3D Printing Medical Devices\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einstrumentation, implants, prostheses, drug delivery\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3D Bioprinting\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprint organs on demand\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"manufacturing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eManufacturing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#manufacturing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003elargely found its place in prototyping for aerospace, shoes, eyeware,\nalternative proteins\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn-Demand Manufacturing\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eadditive and subtractive for custom parts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3D Printing and Distributed Manufacturing\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprinters are connected into a giant network\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"buyer-beware\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBuyer Beware \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#buyer-beware\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eignore the glossy investor decks and dig into the SEC filings to find\nall the broken promises made over the years\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen 3D printing hit peak popularity in the investment community, the\nover-the-counter roaches started coming out of the woodwork\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3D Printing Penny Stocks\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eeveryone should know to stay far clear of all over-the-counter\n(OTC) stocks and penny stocks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3D Printing Stocks That Need Revenues\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePerhaps some of the most blatant incompetency was seen on\ncrowdfunding platforms like Kickstarter. While companies like\nFormlabs ran successful crowdfunding campaigns to pre-sell their\nprinters, most projects over-promised and under-delivered.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"3d-printing-startups\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3D Printing Startups \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#3d-printing-startups\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVenture capitalists have been pouring money into 3D printing startups\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThree 3D Printing Unicorns\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe most exciting are the mythical unicorns\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003evalue based on a variety of factors, rarity being one\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"3d-printing-stocks-and-etfs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e3D Printing Stocks and ETFs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#3d-printing-stocks-and-etfs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethere is no designated industry classification for 3D printing stocks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einvestigate each company that claims to be involved in 3D printing to\nmake sure theyā€™re not a 3D printing pretender\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf you invested in 3D printing stocks at peak hype, you would have\nlost a lot of money\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"artificial-intelligence\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-in-artificial-intelligence-stocks-and-companies/\"\u003eArtificial Intelligence\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#artificial-intelligence\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eartificial intelligence is an emerging technology with the potential\nto transform every company in every industry in just about every way\nyou can imagine\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"what-is-artificial-intelligence\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat is Artificial Intelligence? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-is-artificial-intelligence\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esee \u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/2016/11/artificial-intelligence-definition/\"\u003eAn Artificial Intelligence Definition for\nBeginners\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAI Chips\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003especialized chips uses to train machine algorithms (training\nchips) and then the chips they run on in production (inference\nchips)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eindustry is now moving towards chips that are highly customized\nwith software thatā€™s been optimized for specific tasks\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot Everything is Artificial Intelligence\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethese stocks have come down to earth making everyone realize not\neverything is artificial intelligence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eeven if you are using artificial intelligence, your company can\nstill underperform the stock market\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArtificial Intelligence and Transparency\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003etheyā€™ve now decided that artificial intelligence tells the truth\ntoo much, and should be silenced\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ekowtow to their demands under the guise of representing some class\nof people\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlways look at whatā€™s motivating people who call for AI\ntransparency\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"how-does-artificial-intelligence-use-big-data\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow Does Artificial Intelligence Use Big Data? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-does-artificial-intelligence-use-big-data\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhat proprietary data sets are you using to train your algorithms with\nsuch that youā€™ll be able to realize a competitive advantage?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBig Data vs. Data Warehouses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ebig data lets us find ā€œthe unknown unknownsā€ things we didnā€™t even\nthink of to start measuring\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnstructured Data and Data Privacy\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEverything that gets publicly posted on the Internet, anywhere, is\nunstructured data thatā€™s probably being used right now by AI\nalgorithms to glean some insights from.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"examples-of-artificial-intelligence-use-cases\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExamples of Artificial Intelligence Use Cases \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#examples-of-artificial-intelligence-use-cases\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eover 3,500 startups using artificial intelligence to do just about\nanything you can think of\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMany artificial intelligence startups are seeing success by targeting\nlarge industry verticals\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAI in Sales and Marketing\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eyouā€™re selling online or from a brick-and-mortar outlet, there are\nmany ways AI can help\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAI in Human Resources\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003enot big fans of human resources (HR) because they largely get in\nthe way while trying to create more work for everyone\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAI for Recruiting\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewe speculated that competent tech startups will start to deliver\neffective AI solutions, and all these ā€œboutiqueā€ recruitment firms\n(where the only qualification to start one is that you can fog a\nmirror) will start to lose out on all those exorbitant recruiting\nfees they were raking in to find tech people\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAny business that proposes we change this model and start\nrewarding people based on anything but competence needs to be\ncondemned from the highest pulpit\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAI for Cybersecurity\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecybersecurity is a high-growth sector which investors are pouring\nmoney into. Thatā€™s because hackers ā€“ 90% of whom are financially\nmotivated ā€“ are becoming increasingly sophisticated in their\nattacks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAI is being used in many creative ways to thwart cybercrime.\nSpeaking of creativity, AI can do that too.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAI Algorithms Get Artistic\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ealso being used for more creative applications\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAI for Everything\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edecided to deep dive into a few domains where artificial\nintelligence is excelling right now at solving big problems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"natural-language-processing-and-speech-recognition\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNatural Language Processing and Speech Recognition \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#natural-language-processing-and-speech-recognition\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emethods which AI algorithms use to understand human speech in written,\nverbal, and non-verbal forms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003enatural language processing includes everything from algorithms that\nwrite news articles to interpreting sign language for the deaf using\ncomputer vision\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-in-natural-language-processing/\"\u003eInvesting in Natural Language\nProcessing\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"artificial-intelligence-for-healthcare\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eArtificial Intelligence for Healthcare \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#artificial-intelligence-for-healthcare\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eindustry which is being transformed the most by artificial\nintelligence right now is healthcare\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-in-ai-healthcare-companies/\"\u003eInvesting in AI Healthcare Companies and\nStocks\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"artificial-intelligence-for-computer-vision\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eArtificial Intelligence for Computer Vision \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#artificial-intelligence-for-computer-vision\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ea field of research for designing machines with the ability to\nprocess, understand, and use visual data just as humans do (dominated\nby large chinese startups)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-in-computer-vision-companies/\"\u003eInvesting in Computer Vision Companies and\nStocks\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"global-artificial-intelligence\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGlobal Artificial Intelligence \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#global-artificial-intelligence\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethereā€™s a global AI race taking place where every country is competing\nto build the best AI algorithms\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/top-ai-startups-around-the-world/\"\u003eThe Global AI Race ā€“ Top AI Startups Around the\nWorld\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"will-ai-replace-my-job\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWill AI Replace My Job? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#will-ai-replace-my-job\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eprobably\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRobotic Process Automation or RPA\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003erobotic process automation (RPA) is when we teach machine learning\nalgorithms how to do white-collar jobs that have a certain element\nof predictability to them\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-ai-stocks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in AI Stocks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-ai-stocks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe best question to ask a company that claims theyā€™re ā€œdoing AIā€ is\nwhat proprietary datasets do they have to train their algorithms that\nnobody else has?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/how-to-invest-in-artificial-intelligence-stocks/\"\u003eHow to Invest in AI Stocks in\n2021\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"augmented-and-virtual-reality\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-in-ar-vr-stocks-and-companies/\"\u003eAugmented and Virtual Reality\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#augmented-and-virtual-reality\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe promise of merging the digital with the real world in different\naspects of our lives is a long way off from materializing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003erelative immaturity of the market means there are fewer opportunities\nfor the retail investor\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"what-is-the-difference-between-augmented-reality-and-virtual-reality\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat is the Difference Between Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-is-the-difference-between-augmented-reality-and-virtual-reality\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVirtual reality is a completely digital environment that you are\nimmersed in.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAugmented reality is where your view of reality is ā€œaugmentedā€ with\ndigital additions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn mixed reality, digital objects appear within the natural world.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"arvr-hardware\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAR/VR Hardware \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#arvr-hardware\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVR has labored to find a widespread consumer audience willing to\ninvest in what is still a somewhat awkward technology with limited\ncontent\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe smart money is generally headed into business solutions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAR/VR Headsets\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are a few recognizable names among the many augmented and\nmixed reality headset\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/2016/12/smart-glasses-augmented-reality/\"\u003emanufacturers\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAR/VR Headset Suppliers\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNot every player in the AR/VR headset space is a finished goods\nmanufacturer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAR/VR Hardware Accessories\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are plenty of startups developing technology to help VR\nusers feel with all five senses\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"vr-content\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eVR Content \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#vr-content\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContent may be king, but virtual reality content hasnā€™t really risen\nfar from jester status yet.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emany item available though questionable at this stage\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"arvr-for-enterprise-applications\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAR/VR for Enterprise Applications \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#arvr-for-enterprise-applications\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewhile weā€™re waiting for AR/VR to catch on with consumers, the business\nworld is quietly embracing the technology as a collaboration tool,\nespecially with the ability to view and even manipulate data in three\ndimensions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVirtual Collaboration\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThereā€™s nothing virtual about the payoff: Augmented reality\nbusinesses claim they can cut tasks like troubleshooting by more\nthan half, often eliminating the cost of sending a technician on a\nsite visit\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConstruction\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are some pretty obvious VR applications across architecture,\nconstruction, and engineering. What better way to show someone how\na space will look without the space actually being built?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVR companies also hope to change the construction industry by\noffering skills training for construction workers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHealthcare\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe connection between AR/VR and healthcare may seem less obvious,\nbut the business cases are at least as good as the ones we just\ndiscussed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe use cases for AR in healthcare are pretty robust\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewearables with some AR/VR-type tech are helping the blind to see\nusing various vision-enhancement devices. In fact, technology for\nthe blind could be worth billions, as the big R\u0026amp;D brains out there\nfigure out ways to help the sightless see again\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRetail\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor some, technology is only really valuable if it can help you\nsell stuff that people probably donā€™t need\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-arvr-stocks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in AR/VR Stocks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-arvr-stocks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhich, if any, of these companies should you target in your portfolio?\nFrankly, itā€™s a crapshoot, with the odds definitely in favor of the\nhouse.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"computing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-computing-companies-stocks/\"\u003eComputing\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#computing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen we talk about computing as an investment thesis, we need to think\nwell beyond buying the picks and shovels.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ea few examples of startups that are doing some very innovative things\nin the world of computing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethere are lots of disruptive applications for computing that are left\nto be realized by ambitious entrepreneurs who are backed by visionary\ninvestors\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-quantum-computing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Quantum Computing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-quantum-computing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is Quantum Computing?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat Can We do With Quantum Computing?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQuantum Computing Companies\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnfortunately for retail investors, largely all of the investing\nactivities taking place for quantum computing are in privately\nheld companies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor retail investors, thereā€™s one pure-play quantum computing\nstock worth taking a look at\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-5g\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in 5G \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-5g\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is 5G and Why is it Such a Big Deal?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewill enable autonomous cars to operate, connect trillions of\ndevices and eventually turn your own handheld computer into a\nsupercomputer, because all of the heavy processing can be done\nremotely\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eeverything on the planet will soon be connected to the cloud and\nthe applications are limitless\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5G Stocks\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-cybersecurity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Cybersecurity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-cybersecurity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn entire industry has formed around those who want to do malicious\nthings to earn a living\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethere are also many cybersecurity stocks for retail investors\nincluding ETFs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthentication and Biometrics\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen it comes to authentication, there are many different methods\nthat are appropriate for a variety of use cases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-blockchain-technology\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Blockchain Technology \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-blockchain-technology\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is The Blockchain?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eblockchain is a ledger that records ownership and changes over\ntime\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCryptocurrencies\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eblockchain technology can be used to create currencies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExamples of Blockchain Use Cases\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe blockchain world is long on ideas and short on traction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eblockchain is the perfect solution for cross-border payments, and\nfinancial services applications in general\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eenabling the worldā€™s supply chains with blockchain to rid them of\ninefficiencies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome Blockchain ETFs\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThatā€™s because blockchain is far too new a technology for there to\nbe many pure-play stocks for retail investors\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"advances-in-software-development\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAdvances in Software Development \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#advances-in-software-development\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe companies that build the best software and wield the best datasets\nwill have a sustainable competitive advantage which adds value over\ntime\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003elow-code or even no-code technologies that can turn just about anyone\ninto a citizen developer\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEventually, weā€™ll build software so well that we wonā€™t need customer\nsupport.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-disruptive-computing-stocks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Disruptive Computing Stocks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-disruptive-computing-stocks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe most exciting computing themes like quantum computing arenā€™t\nreally investable yet for retail investors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVarious computing platforms will continue to service various use\ncases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"fintech\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-in-fintech-companies-and-stocks/\"\u003eFintech\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fintech\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTop fintech companies are enjoying success because they are solving\npain points found in the traditional bank, a place where financial\ntechnology isnā€™t seen as a competitive differentiator.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFree trading seems to be the norm now, and they even have free trading\nfor algo traders.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome areas of fintech are more mature than others\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emotif, alpaca and others are interesting brokerages\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-with-alternative-data\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting With Alternative Data \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-with-alternative-data\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ealternative data is often used by traders to generate alpha\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor retail investors, there are ways to invest with fintechs that use\nalternative data to generate insights and increase returns across\nvarious alternative asset classes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-alternative-asset-classes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Alternative Asset Classes \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-alternative-asset-classes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethings to invest in that may have been historically off-limits unless\nyou were an ultra-high-net-worth individual\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"the-many-types-of-fintech\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Many Types of Fintech \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-many-types-of-fintech\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLegaltech\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethat search is to find the gems that can be used to sway a\ndecision one way or another\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003estartups are finding that technology such as machine learning can\ncome in handy for lawyers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegtech\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegTech is helping financial institutions make a healthier lunch\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnother area of regtech seeing lots of interest from investors is\ndigital identity verification.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInsurtech\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eaccurately predict outcomes in order to make insurance policies\nprofitable\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"the-biggest-fintech-company-in-the-world\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Biggest Fintech Company in the World \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-biggest-fintech-company-in-the-world\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnt Financial which has taken in $22 billion in funding and is now\nworth ā€“ at least the last time we checked ā€“ more than Goldman Sachs\nand Barclays combined, with a valuation of $150 billion\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"fintech-investing-and-stocks-for-retail-investors\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFintech Investing and Stocks for Retail Investors \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fintech-investing-and-stocks-for-retail-investors\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eopportunities for retail investors arenā€™t so much in buying ā€œfintech\nstocksā€ per se, but rather using the various fintech platforms to open\nup new avenues for investing in alternative asset classes, saving\nmoney using free personal finance apps\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVenture Capital and Fintech\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esome people have raised questions around how venture capital\nitself can be transformed\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor retail investors, you can buy shares of the worldā€™s biggest\nstartups on secondary markets\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor non accredited investors, there are some publicly traded\nventure capital firms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePenny Stocks Suck\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere is one sure way to lose money investing in stocks, and that\nis by dabbling in penny stocks or what they call over-the-counter\nstocks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"green-technology\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-green-technology-companies-stocks/\"\u003eGreen Technology\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#green-technology\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"what-are-green-technologies\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat Are Green Technologies \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-are-green-technologies\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe term ā€œgreen technologyā€ simply refers to ways in which we can use\ntechnology to make the world a better place.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eItā€™s a global problem, and every country needs to address it\ndifferently.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegardless of where you sit on climate change, weā€™re all better served\nif we clean up the planet.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe problems we need to solve with green technology also provide an\nopportunity for investors to make profits.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"renewable-energy-stocks-and-companies\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRenewable Energy Stocks and Companies \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#renewable-energy-stocks-and-companies\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eItā€™s not all about solar and wind power. Rain, tides, waves,\ngeothermal heat, and biofuels, are all considered sustainable energy\nsources.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"water-technology-and-desalination\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWater Technology and Desalination \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#water-technology-and-desalination\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLess than 1% of the earthā€™s water is freshwater, and even this amount\nis unevenly distributed across the planet.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eone in ten people globally lack ready access to clean water\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUrbanization also plays a big role in water scarcity with many large\ncities facing water stress.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"agtech-companies-and-stocks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAgtech Companies and Stocks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#agtech-companies-and-stocks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMost of us rely on a small percentage of the population who grow food\nfor all the rest of us.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSince land is scarce, weā€™re having to come up with more creative ways\nto increase yields on the same footprint.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAgtech in New Zealand\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003egross stuff on herd management completely missing the point of\nwhere things are going\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndoor Farming\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAttractive business models will provide vegetables at scale with\nprice points at or under regular vegetable prices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFrom what weā€™ve seen so far, container farming is not economically\nviable.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAgtech Stocks\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe have only come across a few names that would be considered\npure-plays on the agtech theme.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"food-technology-companies-and-stocks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFood Technology Companies and Stocks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#food-technology-companies-and-stocks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFood technology is when we start to play with producing food in ways\nwe hadnā€™t thought of\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emost of the buzz in food tech is mainly around the whole fake meat\nboom\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLab-Grown Meat\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efake food which simply refers to the many types of foods that are\nnow being produced which are supposed to resemble the organically\nproduced thing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-electric-vehicles-and-ev-charging\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Electric Vehicles and EV Charging \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-electric-vehicles-and-ev-charging\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproved battery efficiencies, faster charging times, and an\never-expanding network of charging stations make electric cars\nappealing to a broader set of potential buyers.\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-in-electric-vehicle-stocks-and-companies/\"\u003eguide\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-batteries-and-grid-storage\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Batteries and Grid Storage \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-batteries-and-grid-storage\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Growth of Lithium-Ion Batteries\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs battery technology improves, expect more things to be\nelectrified.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnother type of battery being developed by a number of companies\nis the solid-state battery which uses both solid electrodes and\nsolid electrolytes, instead of the liquid or polymer electrolytes\nfound in lithium-ion or lithium polymer batteries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvestors remain interested in lithium as an investment thesis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGrid Storage\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrid-scale energy storage is about using batteries to store energy\ninstead. We canā€™t just go around building reservoirs when we need\nthem.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA flow battery is a type of rechargeable battery in which large\ntanks of chemicals are used to create chemical energy which is\nthen converted to electricity.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe humble lead-acid battery thatā€™s found in most motor vehicles\nis also being looked at for a renovation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"waste-management-stocks-and-companies\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWaste Management Stocks and Companies \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#waste-management-stocks-and-companies\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eItā€™s not just about recycling more plastic, itā€™s about improving the\nrecycling process itself.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndustrial waste management is not just about plastics. Municipal\nsolid waste (MSW) needs to get sorted first so that garbage plants can\nget to the recyclable part.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-led-technologies\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in LED Technologies \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-led-technologies\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLEDs can last up to 25 times longer than an ordinary incandescent\nbulb, and use 75% percent less energy to produce the same amount of\nlight.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThereā€™s still plenty of innovation still to be found from exciting\nstartups\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"penny-stocks-stock-promoters-and-shills\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePenny Stocks, Stock Promoters, and Shills \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#penny-stocks-stock-promoters-and-shills\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen you see a stock soaring for no reason, go to the investment\nmessage boards like InvestorsHub and see if itā€™s being pumped by\nshills.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhatever you do, donā€™t invest in any stock that doesnā€™t trade on a\nmajor exchange. Thatā€™s rule one.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"does-sustainable-investing-outperform\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDoes Sustainable Investing Outperform? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#does-sustainable-investing-outperform\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen-tech investing goes by a number of names such as sustainable\ninvesting, socially responsible investing (SRI), impact investing,\nenvironmental, social and governance (ESG) investing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJust make sure that your money is being put into companies that\neveryone agrees are sustainable, and make sure you understand what\nthey consider sustainable to be.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"internet-of-things\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-iot-stocks-companies/\"\u003eInternet of Things\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#internet-of-things\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIoT which describes a world where everything is connected. That\nconnectivity isnā€™t just everything talking to the cloud, itā€™s about\nmachines talking to machines or (M2M).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeā€™d like to start with talking about industrial applications for IoT\nand the concept of a ā€œdigital twin.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"iot-sensors-and-digital-twins\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIoT Sensors and Digital Twins \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#iot-sensors-and-digital-twins\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ea digital twin is when you create a digital representation of something\nlike a machine on a factory floor or even the entire factory\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"the-emergence-of-smart-cities\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Emergence of Smart Cities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-emergence-of-smart-cities\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe smart city of tomorrow is one where IoT sensors and big data enable\nus to create better places for people to live\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"smart-homes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSmart Homes \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#smart-homes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA smart home is one that minimizes energy use and utility costs while\nproviding a safe and secure location with all the conveniences youā€™d\nexpect.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"iot-across-multiple-industries\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIoT Across Multiple Industries \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#iot-across-multiple-industries\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003enew IoT-enabled medical devices that collect loads of data for AI\nalgorithms to analyze\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emultiple startups pursue ā€œUber for truckingā€ business models\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the automotive industry, connected cars now talk to the cloud, and\neven each other\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsing IoT sensor technology, weā€™re able to increase yields in\nagriculture and aquaculture.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIoT use cases abound in areas such as shoplifting prevention or ā€œfree\nwifi hotspot marketing.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-iot-stocks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in IoT Stocks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-iot-stocks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGiven how thought leaders are predicting that IoT will transform\nnearly everything around us, youā€™re probably wanting to ā€œinvest in\nsome IoT stocks.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere is at least one ETF covering the IoT theme ā€“ The Global X\nInternet of Things ETF (SNSR)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einvesting in smart homes, you might consider Alarm.com (ALRM)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA few members of the ETF have exposure to IoT along with a number of\nother disruptive technologies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"iot--the-threats\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIoT ā€“ The Threats \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#iot--the-threats\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIoT is still having some growing pains as we wait for 5G to give us\nmore bandwidth.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esome understandable privacy concerns around IoT technology that\nhavenā€™t gone unnoticed\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"life-sciences\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-life-sciences-stocks-companies/\"\u003eLife Sciences\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#life-sciences\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eespecially since this effort would end research using animals\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ea broad topic that encompasses around 30 different branches of study\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOftentimes weā€™ll find groups of startups trying to solve similar\nproblems\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMany of the problems being worked on involve cures that havenā€™t been\ndeveloped yet, something we looked at in our ā€œwhen will there be a\ncureā€ series.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eweā€™ve tried to narrow it all down to six areas of focus\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"genomics\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGenomics \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#genomics\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsing genetic sequencing machines, scientists are not only able to\nread the recipes of life, theyā€™re also able to edit them\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHuge databases of DNA data are now being mined for insights, and\nscientists are even able to reconstruct composite images of criminals\nfrom crime scenes using DNA, something referred to as DNA phenotyping.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the future, weā€™ll have a world where everyone is given personalized\nmedicine tailored to their unique genetic makeup.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInvesting in Genomics Stocks\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIllumina, a company that all but dominates the market for machines\nthat perform gene sequencing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNot all genomics stocks are leaders. There are plenty of laggards\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eARK Invest likes BNGO and thatā€™s sent the stock soaring to the\nmoon\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"human-longevity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHuman Longevity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#human-longevity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eextending the human lifespan by rolling back the effects of aging\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVenture capitalists are pouring money into dozens of startups tackling\nthe aging problem in areas like regenerative medicine or young blood\ntransfusions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"medical-devices-and-imaging\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMedical Devices and Imaging \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#medical-devices-and-imaging\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ein the medical industry where connected medical devices allow doctors\nto monitor patientsā€™ vital signs from afar\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMedical Imaging\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esome of the biggest advancements are being made in medical imaging\nwhere deep learning algorithms are used to interpret medical\nimagery\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTelehealth\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe increasing sophistication of medical devices and medical\nimaging algorithms mean that doctors are more easily able to treat\npatients from afar.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBig Data in Healthcare\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMany data analytics businesses are emerging which use this data\nfor predictive analytics or to identify inefficiencies in\nprocesses.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"brain-computer-interfaces\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBrain-Computer Interfaces \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#brain-computer-interfaces\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA brain-computer interface might be the Holy Grail for human\nadvancement.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"the-drug-discovery-process\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Drug Discovery Process \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-drug-discovery-process\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlenty of companies are working on removing all the inefficiencies\nfrom the process.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"medical-testing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMedical Testing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#medical-testing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eadvancements in medical testing could prove to save lives and money\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCancer Genomics Testing\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt isnā€™t just about early detection, itā€™s also about finding the\nmost effective cancer treatment and monitoring its progress.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are also companies developing cancer therapies that are\nfine-tuned to certain genomic profiles like personalized\nchemotherapy.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGenetics Testing\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are now genetic tests for nearly everything, including\ngenetics tests for pets.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe evolution of genetics testing is now leading to new business\nmodels that try to adapt to the environment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"other-life-sciences-themes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOther Life Sciences Themes \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#other-life-sciences-themes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Diabetes Opportunity\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efat asses abound because people drive up to windows to consume two\ndays of calories in one seating ā€“ which they then wash down with a\ndiet soda.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe hard truth is that obesity is unhealthy and a contributing\nfactor to a huge global problem ā€“ diabetes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNon-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eItā€™s a test that makes sure your little bundle of joy doesnā€™t pop\nout with two heads, or be afflicted by any malady that would\ninterfere with the perfect life youā€™ve planned for it.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStem Cells\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese are useful for applications like regenerating body parts or\nfiguring out what makes cancer cells replicate.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"things-we-dont-understand-very-well\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThings We Donā€™t Understand Very Well \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#things-we-dont-understand-very-well\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eItā€™s very difficult to understand some of these businesses without\nhaving a medical background, and if you need eight years of training\nto understand what a company does, itā€™s probably too complex for\nretail investors.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRNAi Therapeutics\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstead of spending hours trying to understand how microRNA\nrelates to RNAi, weā€™re staying away from drug development\ncompanies entirely.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"interesting-life-sciences-stocks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInteresting Life Sciences Stocks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#interesting-life-sciences-stocks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGiven the breadth of technologies to be found under life sciences, we\noften take fleeting looks at companies that are doing cool things\nwithout necessarily doing any deep-dives or follow-ups.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"penny-stocks-and-otc-stocks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePenny Stocks and OTC Stocks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#penny-stocks-and-otc-stocks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvesting in any of these companies would have proved to be a total\ndisaster. Of course, there are always some exceptions, but why try to\nwalk through landmines to find them?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"conclusion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConclusion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#conclusion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBecause life sciences is such a broad category, youā€™ll find it\npeppered throughout all the twelve categories of disruptive\ntechnologies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"nanotechnology\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-in-nanotechnology-stocks-and-companies/\"\u003eNanotechnology\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#nanotechnology\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"what-is-nanotechnology\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat is Nanotechnology? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-is-nanotechnology\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe study of anything that measures less than 100 nanometers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"how-nanotechnology-has-evolved\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow Nanotechnology Has Evolved \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-nanotechnology-has-evolved\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNanotechnology Penny Stocks\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn reading about companies that have failed, we can better\nunderstand how to find those that will succeed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe also found that the same companies that were promising us\nnanomaterial breakthroughs in 2004 were still making those same\npromises nine years later.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat Happened to Nanomaterials?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewe just canā€™t take companies seriously that continue to promise\nrevenues and never deliver on them\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeople quickly forgot about how the carbon nanotube was expected\nto change the world when it was replaced by another promising\nnanostructure called graphene.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGraphene is a sheet of atoms that you can pick up.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResearchers keep talking about all the great things they can do\nwith quantum dots but commercialized applications seem far and few\nbetween.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere is no shortage of interesting nanomaterials out there\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are also applications for nano that can help heal the\nplanet.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are a lot of exciting things happening in the world of\nnanotechnology, so letā€™s see how retail investors might be able to\nget some exposure to nano stocks.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-nanotechnology-stocks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Nanotechnology Stocks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-nanotechnology-stocks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNanotechnology ETFs\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethere are no nanotechnology ETFs right now\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNanotechnology Companies That Stagnated\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeā€™ve talked about how prolific nano penny stocks were, but we\nhavenā€™t talked about more legitimate companies with revenues that\nhavenā€™t been able to quite take off yet.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ebreak down the nanotechnology opportunity into three major themes:\nnanomaterials including graphene, nano-drug delivery, and\nsynthetic biology including gene editing\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInvesting in Nanomaterials and Graphene\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhat investors need to remember is that companies which use\nnanomaterials for a competitive advantage wonā€™t necessarily be\ntelling the world about it.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInvesting in Synthetic Biology and Gene Editing\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe single most exciting disruptive technology there is, that\nwould have to be synthetic biology\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMany futurist-minded people are thinking that soon weā€™ll just grow\neverything we need using tools like gene editing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-nanomedicine\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Nanomedicine \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-nanomedicine\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eapplications for nanotechnology in the healthcare sector are many\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInvesting in Nano Drug Delivery\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emany drug companies actively use nanoparticles to deliver drugs\nmore efficiently\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"space\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-space-stocks-companies/\"\u003eSpace\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#space\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWill NewSpace, the term that describes the new era of\ncommercial-driven space exploration, supernova into a trillion-dollar\nbusiness?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRisk-averse investors will want to hold onto their money when it comes\nto the high-risk business of operating in space.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-global-internet\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Global Internet \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-global-internet\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpaceX appears poised to run away with the global internet race, as it\nsends thousands of satellites into low Earth orbit (LEO), as part of\nthe Starlink constellation to provide billions of people with\nconnectivity and cute cat videos\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe smart money is that the impact of cheap satellites and launch\nplatforms will give massive undertakings like the SpaceX Starlink\nconstellation the edge\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-satellite-companies\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Satellite Companies \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-satellite-companies\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003estill pretty hard to get exposure to the ā€œspace themeā€ without ending\nup with a portfolio filled with either big tech stocks like Amazon or\nGoogle or a bunch of companies that make rockets aimed in the wrong\ndirection\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs much as 75% of the NewSpace industry is dominated by the satellite\nsector, which includes everything from manufacturing spacecraft to\nproviding communications services.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-geospatial-intelligence-from-satellites\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Geospatial Intelligence from Satellites \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-geospatial-intelligence-from-satellites\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esector of the satellite industry where weā€™re seeing both tremendous\ngrowth and potential is in geospatial intelligence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethere are a few geospatial intelligence stocks out there\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne of the biggest risks to the satellite industry is the satellite\nindustry ā€¦ New technologies for space debris removal will become\nextremely important\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"rocket-companies-launch-a-new-space-race\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRocket Companies Launch a New Space Race \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rocket-companies-launch-a-new-space-race\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewe would expect a high rate of failure in this sector, as thereā€™s\nstill not enough business to justify the numerous rocket startups that\nhave emerged\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChina is becoming a serious contender in space with new startups\nbuilding rockets and satellites\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"mining-the-moon-for-money\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMining the Moon for Money \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#mining-the-moon-for-money\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe moon is home to various precious metals and rare minerals that are\nintegral to our technologies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-space-tourism\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Space Tourism \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-space-tourism\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSince then, there have been very few opportunities for the common man\nor woman to enjoy a romp in zero gravity\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eISS has been floated as a possible tourist destination once the\nscientific mission there ends\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethereā€™s not much gold to mine in space just yet\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"robotics\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.nanalyze.com/investing-robotics-companies-stocks/\"\u003eRobotics\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#robotics\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe first time the word ā€œrobotā€ was used was when Karel Capek\nintroduced it in his 1920 hit play RUR\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"why-is-robotics-important\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhy Is Robotics Important? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#why-is-robotics-important\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobotics is becoming increasingly important because the companies\nusing them are gaining a competitive advantage.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"where-is-robotic-technology-today\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhere is Robotic Technology Today? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#where-is-robotic-technology-today\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobotics applications are growing in popularity because of\ntechnologies like machine learning that help the robots work more like\nhumans, perhaps handling unexpected exceptions without just ceasing to\noperate.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"drone-stocks-and-companies\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDrone Stocks and Companies \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#drone-stocks-and-companies\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrones are usually categorized into military, commercial, and consumer\nsegments which neatly cover most of the current use cases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDrone Delivery\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe jury is still out on what type of drone delivery model will be\nadopted at scale, if any. For retail investors, we havenā€™t seen\nany pure-play opportunities to invest in drone delivery.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndustrial Drones\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eindustrial drones are another use case under the ā€œcommercialā€\ncategory\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eindustrial inspection\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eaerial information\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ereconnaissance, search and rescue\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewarehouse management\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMilitary and Security Drones\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe military use of drones is growing at an unprecedented rate in\nthe U.S.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe other opportunity is security drones for civilian use cases\nsuch as replacing rent-a-cops.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eround-the-clock surveillance means that battery swapping needs to\ntake place\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsumer Drones and Other Types of Drones\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCrowdfunding seems to be the funding method of choice for\nmanufacturers of small, low-cost UAVs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhere Are the Drone Stocks?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePure-play drone stocks are hard to come by.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlenty of drone startups failed too.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe drone market remains in private hands for now\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-autonomous-vehicles\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Autonomous Vehicles \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-autonomous-vehicles\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLevels of Autonomy\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutonomous vehicles (or driverless cars) are an overlap of a\nnumber of disruptive technologies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5 levels\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat do Autonomous Vehicles Need to Work?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eautonomous cars need uniquely tailored perception systems LiDAR\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh-definition maps, that are precise to a centimeter, are\nrequired to navigate any environment safely.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003evehicleā€™s artificial intelligence algorithms need to react\ncorrectly to any situation\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAutonomous Trucking\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe industry created its own little startup ecosystem with\ncompanies developing applications for fuel efficiency, fleet\nmanagement, and kits that can upgrade any truck to a self-driving\nvehicle\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAutonomous Vehicles That Arenā€™t Cars\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutonomous boats promise to navigate more economically and\nefficiently than humans do now.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003elarge corporations like IBM are working on autonomous shipping\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eautonomous heavy construction equipment with conversion kits for\nexcavators, bulldozers, and skid steers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutonomous planes are also in the making\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutonomous robots, tractors, trains, and of course, the Hyperloop\nare the icing on the cake of autonomous technologies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"investing-in-industrial-robotics\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInvesting in Industrial Robotics \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#investing-in-industrial-robotics\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eindustrial robotics is currently the largest application area for\nrobots by far\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eindustrial robot prices are declining and will continue to do so,\nwhich will result in industrial robot sales quadrupling during the\nnext five years as more companies move to adopt them\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRobots for Factory Automation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile there are many startups working on robotics for factory\nautomation, there also happen to be many listed companies doing\nthe same which is great for retail investors who want exposure to\nthis theme.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChina is becoming a large consumer of robotics\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRobots for Warehouse Automation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWarehouse robots range from plug-and-play systems and forklifts\nworking alongside humans to infrastructure systems that can fully\nautomate warehouses ā€“ what theyā€™re calling ā€œlights out\noperations.ā€\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTodayā€™s warehouse robots are capable of full autonomy either alone\nor side-by-side with humans, thanks to AI algorithms.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompanies Developing Machine Vision and Industrial Cameras\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe eyes are provided by machine vision systems, the mouth by\nnatural language processing, and the body by robotics.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRobots Replacing Humans Doing the Worst Jobs\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndustrial inspection tasks, maintenance, and high-rise window\ncleaning are all examples of relatively dangerous and\ntime-consuming jobs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"robots-in-healthcare\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRobots in Healthcare \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#robots-in-healthcare\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobots are helping in elderly care and the daily operations of smart\nhospitals. Robotics technology is being used to create bionic limbs\nand help dental surgeons perform implants.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe area where healthcare robots really shine is robotic surgery\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRobotic Surgery Stocks and Companies\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eat least eight different types of surgeries that are now being\nperformed or partially performed by robots\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"robots-for-consumers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRobots for Consumers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#robots-for-consumers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efirst large-scale implementation of consumer robotics was iRobotā€™s\nrobotic vacuums\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eall these types of robots will be made in China\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"robotics-etfs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRobotics ETFs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#robotics-etfs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe problem is that most of these robotics ETFs canā€™t agree on which\ncompanies to include.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eit makes us wonder how the ESG types plan to address robotics as an\ninvestment thesis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"other-resources\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOther resources \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#other-resources\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"singularity-university\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCglYNR2_f3pUL0Ff9d_FkkQ\"\u003eSingularity University\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#singularity-university\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExponential Business Models | Amin Toufani: Exponential times require\nexponential business models.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/SEbjBnGD0Es?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eExonomics | Amin Toufani: transform industries and global challenges\nthrough exponential technologies\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/Cn4staKiUgE?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eExponential Energy | Ramez Naam: overview of the key natural resource\nand environmental challenges\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/ssfbq7PVktA?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eInvesting in disruptive innovation | Cathie Woods: Investing in\ndisruptive innovation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/eE6u67Ph768?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"useful-sites\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUseful sites \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#useful-sites\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.toufani.com\"\u003eamin toufani\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://rameznaam.com\"\u003eramez\nnaam\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"videos-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eVideos \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#videos-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eComing Soon: A Post-Cow World-Precision Fermentation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/CXYg-qt4OCc?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eCommercial fermentation: Opportunities and bottlenecks\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/aqr18eiot9Q?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e" }, { "title": "Spiders", "date_published": "2022-02-08T23:45:37-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-02-08T23:45:37-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/spiders/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/ethology/spiders/", "authors": [ { "name": "Kyron" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eLots of interesting stuff about spiders here.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"jumpers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eJumpers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#jumpers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJumping spiders may be the most easily identified with family of\nspiders. They\u0026rsquo;re insatiably curious critters and smart too! Unlike many\nspiders, when you approach a jumper in a non-threatening way, you\u0026rsquo;re\nlikely to find yourself staring into a pair of inquisitive, if\nsuspicious eyes. Jumpers have exceptional eyesight and are thus visually\naware of the world around them, much as we are.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"friendly-jumper-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFriendly jumper #1 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#friendly-jumper-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI first noticed this spider in the rabbit room sometime in early\nDecember. She had a habit of crawling around on the ceiling and\nsometimes on the door to the outside. I suspect she came in during the\nsummer and got \u0026ldquo;stranded\u0026rdquo; inside. It may have saved her life - I believe\nthe adults die off during the winter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce I tried to put her outside on a mild day. The ground was cool, but\nnot nearly as cold as it normally was in Dec. Within a minute she had\nbasically shut down and seemed unable to move. So I took her back in and\nreturned her to the rabbit room.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA week or so later, I spotted her in the office, but she looked\nextremely hungry. Her abdomen was \u0026ldquo;deflated\u0026rdquo;, and she was moving slowly.\nI decided to set her up in a terrarium and look after her. Or at least\ntry to feed her before setting her free in the house again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt the time, she was quite cooperative. I thought it was due to weakness\nfrom hunger. The first night, I tried feeding her one of the dead frozen\ninsects I\u0026rsquo;d been keeping for the five-legged spider but she refused,\nspending her time hiding under a leaf. Next time though, she eagerly\ntook the termite and spent a whole hour eating.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following day she was active and very curious about everything,\nincluding my hand. I had little idea then just how much time she\u0026rsquo;d spend\nthere.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2011-12-22\u003c/strong\u003e Thu\u003cbr\u003e\nSpider ate a silverfish today but wasn\u0026rsquo;t too interested in anything\nelse.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs is natural for a jumping spider, she likes to chase moving food.\nSince I only feed bugs that I\u0026rsquo;ve found dead, I have to drag and shake\nthem around with tweezers. She stalked the silverfish for almost a\nminute before making the pounce. When she does strike, you can actually\nfeel the impact shake the tweezers!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHer stalking behaviour is really quite fascinating. Jumping spider\nhunting tactics have often been likened to those of cats, and with good\nreason! She is very cautious and strategic about it. Her eyes are\nusually fixed on her quarry, and she continually adjusts her angle of\napproach by moving sideways so as to try to attack it from behind.\nSometimes she\u0026rsquo;ll even use the terrain to her advantage, trying to hide\nbehind leaves or get up on something to attack from above.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2011-12-23\u003c/strong\u003e Fri\u003cbr\u003e\nI got a chance to get very close with the camera today. She was sitting\non one of her leaves and seemed pretty fascinated by the lens.\nReflection?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2011-12-26\u003c/strong\u003e Mon\u003cbr\u003e\nSpider has been coming out daily and spending time on my hand. She is\ncurious about everything and turns to face any motion, waving her palps\nabout excitedly. Is that palp waving for smell?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHer basic pattern of activity seems to be to crawl around on my fingers\nfor a minute or two, then make a couple of tours of the back of my hand,\nand then start climbing up my sleeve. She never tries to go into my\nsleeve though.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-01-05\u003c/strong\u003e Thu\u003cbr\u003e\nNothing much has changed, but I did take some shots today. Her daily\nroutine seems to be established now. In the morning, she crawls around\non the lid of her container, waiting for me to let her out. After\ntouring the house on my hand and staring out one of the windows, she\ngoes back and settles down under a leaf. She might poke her face out\nonce or twice during the day, but mostly just rests. Then she gets\nactive in the evening and I take her around again. Night time seems to\nbe when she is most receptive to feeding, oddly enough. She eats a\nmoderately large dead insect once every five days or so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterestingly, she seems to have no interest in jumping off my hand.\nIndeed, she has yet to do so and normally won\u0026rsquo;t even leave when I offer\nher a place to go. Getting her off can sometimes be challenging, because\nshe\u0026rsquo;s very clever! My technique is to try to herd her onto a leaf by\nplacing it in front of her, and gently nudging her toward it from\nbehind. She knows what it\u0026rsquo;s all about though, and moves sideways!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-01-13\u003c/strong\u003e Fri\u003cbr\u003e\nFor the first time, I found her in a \u0026ldquo;sleeping bag\u0026rdquo; structure. I know\nsome jumping spiders make these to spend the night in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-01-12\u003c/strong\u003e Thu\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is new. She ate part of a caterpillar today, but seems to have\nrealized she doesn\u0026rsquo;t need to chase her food now. This time, she just\ncame up to the tweezers, grabbed the caterpillar, and walked off with it\nquite calmly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-01-17\u003c/strong\u003e Tue\u003cbr\u003e\nSpider has found a new toy! I thought she might want more things to do,\nso I offered her a conifer cone. It\u0026rsquo;s a big one with well-spaced scales\nthat are just the right size for a little spider to crawl between. It\nwas an immediate success and she spent most of the rest of the day on/in\nit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-01-20\u003c/strong\u003e Fri\u003cbr\u003e\nShe jumped onto my camera lens today while I was trying to take a shot\nof her on my thumb.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-01-23\u003c/strong\u003e Mon\u003cbr\u003e\nWe seem to be an extremely happy spider these days. I\u0026rsquo;ve noticed she\ngets very excited whenever something new happens. Today, she got to play\nwith moss for the first time. Like the pinecone, which she plays on\nevery day or two, it offered a great opportunity to practise gymnastics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen she finishes playing, she runs off and tries to find some place\nhigh up. She usually likes to stay there for a bit before being taken\naway.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe doesn\u0026rsquo;t seem interested in any of the other jumpers in the house.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-01-24\u003c/strong\u003e Tue\u003cbr\u003e\nI tried feeding her the remains of a ground spider. They are little\nblack critters with slender yellow-patterned abdomens. They move very\nfast. This one I found dead on the deck.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt first, she was curious and came scuttling over to investigate. When\nshe saw it up close though, her behaviour changed completely! She seemed\nvery excited by it, but also apprehensive. After creeping around to get\nat it from behind, she made a quick strike and then jumped back. Then\nshe started moving in wobbly circles almost like a drunkard, continuing\nto stare at it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe kept that up for a minute or so and then approached very cautiously\nand tapped it with her front legs. It seemed almost like she was going\nto eat it, but then suddenly she decided not to and left to go hide in\nsome leaves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-01-26\u003c/strong\u003e Thu\u003cbr\u003e\nThis isn\u0026rsquo;t about the friendly spider, but I tried feeding the ground\nspider from my last entry to another one of the P. californicus spiders\nin the house and it exhibited almost exactly the same cautious\nbehaviour. It made a quick strike followed by a lot of drunken wobbling,\nthen made another strike, repeated the process, and then finally decided\nto eat. I wonder if this is some instinctive caution that these spiders\nknow to take when faced with certain prey.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-01-31\u003c/strong\u003e Tue\u003cbr\u003e\nLife has been pretty routine for the last week. She\u0026rsquo;s continuing to find\nnew ways to avoid being taken off my arm, such as scuttling between\nfolds in the sleeve of my sweatshirt.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI got to see an interesting leg preening ritual today. She took each of\nher four front legs and ran them somewhere behind her palps. I\u0026rsquo;m not\nsure whether she was using the hairs on her palps to clean them or what.\nI should have paid closer attention to see if there was an order in\nwhich she cleaned her legs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-02-05\u003c/strong\u003e Sun\u003cbr\u003e\nHa! For the first time, she ate apple today. Not very enthusiastically\nand just for a minute or so, but she did. Aside from that, she hasn\u0026rsquo;t\neaten in about a week. I don\u0026rsquo;t know why; she seems perfectly healthy and\nactive, though.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-02-08\u003c/strong\u003e Wed\u003cbr\u003e\nNew toy. I found a vacant snail shell a few days ago. It was inhabited\nrecently I think, because it still smelled of decaying snail. It might\nhave been eaten by a slug? Anyway, the spider is its new resident. She\nsits just inside its entrance, facing out.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI\u0026rsquo;ve noticed she\u0026rsquo;s taken to \u0026ldquo;sleeping\u0026rdquo; more than before during times she\nwould normally be active. I wonder if this is because she hasn\u0026rsquo;t been\neating.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-02-09\u003c/strong\u003e Thu\u003cbr\u003e\nShe ate today! A fairly large meal too. Some black bug that I found near\nthe rabbit house. She rarely strikes at her food these days, though she\ndoes sometimes stalk it a bit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-02-10\u003c/strong\u003e Fri\u003cbr\u003e\nAnother P. californicus took some apple today and completely filled up\non it!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-02-14\u003c/strong\u003e Tue\u003cbr\u003e\nI\u0026rsquo;m starting to worry about the spider now. She is just as friendly as\never, but she has slowed down I think. I don\u0026rsquo;t know how long these\nspiders live, but I have heard that when they are getting older, they do\ngradually slow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe is still reasonably active, just not as much as she used to be.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI took her outside for a bit today, but she didn\u0026rsquo;t seem to like it much.\nShe didn\u0026rsquo;t want to get off my hand, and after a short while actually\nwent into my sleeve to hide. She\u0026rsquo;s never done that before.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-02-17\u003c/strong\u003e Fri\u003cbr\u003e\nToday, she fell asleep on my wrist! After one of her tours of my hand\nand sleeve, she just plopped down. I call it sleep, because she was\nalmost completely unresponsive and didn\u0026rsquo;t even bother to track things\nmoving around her. She stayed that way for about 20 minutes (during\nwhich time I did my best to keep my hand still) before waking up again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-02-25\u003c/strong\u003e Sat\u003cbr\u003e\nShe seems slower and more quiet every week now. She hasn\u0026rsquo;t been coming\nout much and I\u0026rsquo;ve been reluctant to disturb her. It\u0026rsquo;s been a few days\nsince she last ate and she wasn\u0026rsquo;t very enthusiastic about it either. She\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t seem to be able to climb the sides of her container like she\nused to so I\u0026rsquo;ve moved some stuff around to give her a way up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-03-03\u003c/strong\u003e Sat\u003cbr\u003e\nNothing much has changed. She\u0026rsquo;s still pretty subdued, but still\nexpresses interest in some things. I haven\u0026rsquo;t been able to get her to eat\nanything though. She doesn\u0026rsquo;t even bother to consider larger food. Small\nthings like the flies that hang out near the rabbit house are given more\nattention, but she still won\u0026rsquo;t go for one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-03-06\u003c/strong\u003e Tue\u003cbr\u003e\nShe ate!!! But not what I expected! The last couple of days I\u0026rsquo;ve been\nrather frantically trying everything I can think of in an effort to get\nher eating because she\u0026rsquo;s been looking thin. None of the usual foods have\nworked, but I tried banana on her for the first time and she took to it\nwith more enthusiasm than I\u0026rsquo;ve seen from her in a long time. She spent\nover an hour feeding on a little piece of it and by the time she was\ndone, her abdomen was back to full size.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-03-08\u003c/strong\u003e Thu\u003cbr\u003e\nMaybe I was worrying about nothing. She\u0026rsquo;s much more active now and\nmanaged to climb up the side of her container for the first time in a\nwhile! Oddly, she\u0026rsquo;s started trying to crawl into my sleeve though. She\nnormally doesn\u0026rsquo;t like it in there at all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-03-10\u003c/strong\u003e Sat\u003cbr\u003e\nShe\u0026rsquo;s started to slow down again unfortunately. She\u0026rsquo;s still got a fairly\nfull abdomen, so it\u0026rsquo;s not hunger. She hasn\u0026rsquo;t eaten anything since the\nbanana, but it\u0026rsquo;s only been a few days. This slowness only started\nyesterday so maybe it\u0026rsquo;s just a passing phase. She\u0026rsquo;s been hiding out in a\ntightly curled leaf so I haven\u0026rsquo;t disturbed her.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-03-14\u003c/strong\u003e Wed\u003cbr\u003e\nSpider\u0026rsquo;s become very reclusive. She doesn\u0026rsquo;t come out at all during the\nday and has only moved from her hiding spot once from what I know. I\nhaven\u0026rsquo;t taken her out for some days now since she doesn\u0026rsquo;t seem to be in\nthe mood. She hasn\u0026rsquo;t eaten anything still, which is very odd by now. Due\nto her lethargy, perhaps, she still looks pretty full though.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2012-03-16\u003c/strong\u003e Fri\u003cbr\u003e\nUnfortunately, I think the spider is dead now. I found her tonight\nclinging weakly to the underside of one of her leaves. I knew something\nwas wrong because her abdomen was hanging limply. I took her onto my\nhand and she didn\u0026rsquo;t move at all. I held her for a couple of minutes and\nthen suddenly she had a spasm or something. She stretched out her legs\nand then waved a couple of them around. Then she curled them in and that\nwas the last movement I saw. I held her for a while longer, but\neventually put her back on her leaf and went to bed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe next morning, she hadn\u0026rsquo;t moved and was still curled up. Spiders\nextend their legs by hydraulic pressure but contract them by muscle\npower which is why their legs are often curled in when they die.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s now night again and still no sign of movement. I\u0026rsquo;m pretty sure\nshe\u0026rsquo;s dead. It\u0026rsquo;s a strange feeling, not having her around. She was one\nof the most unique creatures I\u0026rsquo;ve ever known.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Shell", "date_published": "2022-02-08T22:18:26-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-02-08T22:18:26-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/shell/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iknotes/computing/shell/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWe use the z shell and program in\n\u003ca href=\"https://zsh.sourceforge.io/Doc/Release/zsh_toc.html\"\u003ezsh\u003c/a\u003e. All items in\n.zsh.d with .zshenv and .zshrc symlinked. This setup is easily migrated\nto other machines. The items below illustrate various shell commands\nsome which are specific to zsh.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"adding-bin-to-path\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eadding ~/bin to PATH \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#adding-bin-to-path\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e### PATH ### typeset -U path #converts to uppercase (to avoid\naccidental duplication as per bing) path+=~/bin\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"alternate-expressions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ealternate expressions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#alternate-expressions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003els *glob*.\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003etxt\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003eh\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#note use of ()\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# *glob*.txt and *glob*.h\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"block-commenting\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eblock commenting \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#block-commenting\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough it is unlikely we will actually use this technique, it is handy\nto know.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;this is a block comment\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e: \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e what is this\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e actually\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e \u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"capitalizations\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecapitalizations \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#capitalizations\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll cap specific words in a file using perl|sed. Note that single\nquotes may work with sed, but not produce desired result with perl.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# perl\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003eperl -pi -e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;s/(Eliphas|Retha|Chastity)/\\U\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$1\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e/g\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u0026lt;filename\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e n in Chastity Retha Eliphas\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# or using loop\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e perl -i -pe \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;s/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$n\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e/\\U\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$n\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e/g\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u0026lt;filename\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# sed\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e n in Cytheri Vaishob Chastity Retha Eliphas\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e sed -i \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;s/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$n\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(U)n\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e/g\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u0026lt;filename\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"compinstall\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecompinstall \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#compinstall\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/487607/what-does-zstyle-compinstall-filename-do\"\u003eWhat does zstyle :compinstall filename\ndo?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s for when you run compinstall again. It lets compinstall find where\nit has written out zstyle statements for you last time. This way, you\ncan run compinstall again to update them. \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh/blob/master/Completion/compinstall#L52\"\u003eRead in source\ncode.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"concat-csv\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003econcat csv \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#concat-csv\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are some ways to concat text files.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003els -1 *.csv \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003ewhile\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eread\u003c/span\u003e filnam \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e cat \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$filnam\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u0026gt;\u0026gt; output.csv.file\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003els -1 *.csv \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e sort \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003ewhile\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eread\u003c/span\u003e filnam \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e cat \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$filnam\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u0026gt;\u0026gt; output.csv.file\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003els -1t *.csv \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003ewhile\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eread\u003c/span\u003e filnam \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e cat \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$filnam\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u0026gt;\u0026gt; output.csv.file\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"config-files\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003econfig files \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#config-files\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e.zshrc - Should be used for the shell configuration and for executing\ncommands.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e.zshenv - Should only contain userā€™s environment variables.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e.zprofile - Can be used to execute commands just after logging in.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e.zlogin - Can be used as .zprofile, but read just after .zshrc.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e.zlogout - Can be used to execute commands when a shell exit.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"cp\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecp \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"replace-softlinks-with-actual-file\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ereplace softlinks with actual file \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#replace-softlinks-with-actual-file\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ecp --remove-destination \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e$(\u003c/span\u003ereadlink \u0026lt;filename\u0026gt;\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u0026lt;filename\u0026gt;\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e f in \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e$(\u003c/span\u003efind -type l\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# or do all softlinks\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e cp --remove-destination \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e$(\u003c/span\u003ereadlink \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$f\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$f\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"direct-ls-output-to-array\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003edirect ls output to array \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#direct-ls-output-to-array\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003earr\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e$(\u003c/span\u003els\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# parsing ls is not a good idea usually so\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003earr\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=(\u003c/span\u003e*\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# if there are subdirectories\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eshopt\u003c/span\u003e -s nullglob\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003earray\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=(\u003c/span\u003e*/\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eshopt\u003c/span\u003e -u nullglob \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# Turn off nullglob to make sure it doesn\u0026#39;t interfere with anything later\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003earray\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[@]\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# Note double-quotes to avoid extra parsing of funny characters in filenames\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eSee \u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18884992/how-do-i-assign-ls-to-an-array-in-linux-bash\"\u003eHow do I assign ls to\narray\u003c/a\u003e\ndiscussion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"docs-for-zmv-zcp-zln\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003edocs for zmv, zcp, zln: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#docs-for-zmv-zcp-zln\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"docs-packit-book-scripting\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003edocs packit book scripting \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#docs-packit-book-scripting\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethis book contains a lot of useful stuff\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"zle-ch3\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ezle (ch3) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#zle-ch3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmacs users will find themselves at home with the Esc + X sequence. we\ncan use where-is to find an alternative shortcut man zshzle has lots!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"globbing-ch4\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eglobbing (ch4) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#globbing-ch4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe negations ^,~ and alternates (|),[] need work\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003etilde echo b*\u003cdel\u003e*.o match starting with b, don\u0026rsquo;t match anything with o\nextension echo a*\u003c/del\u003e*9.* match starting with a, don\u0026rsquo;t match anything\nwith 9 before the . echo a*\u003cdel\u003e*9?.* match starting with a, don\u0026rsquo;t match\nanything with 9 one item before . echo \u003cstrong\u003e*/\u003c/strong\u003e.sh\u003c/del\u003etmp/* exclude\nanything within tmp/\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003equalifiers cheatsheet *(ā€¦) TAB *(@) symlinks *(On) reverse sort by\nname *(.) files only *(@,/) symlinks or directories\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"todo-things-to-do\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"todo TODO\"\u003eTODO\u003c/span\u003e things to do \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#todo-things-to-do\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ezcalc zargs man zshexpn\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"dot-z-files\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003edot z files \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dot-z-files\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom \u003ca href=\"https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/71258/582800\"\u003eposting\u003c/a\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e.zshenv is always sourced. It often contains exported variables that\nshould be available to other programs. For example, $PATH, $EDITOR,\nand $PAGER are often set in .zshenv. Also, you can set $ZDOTDIR in\n.zshenv to specify an alternative location for the rest of your zsh\nconfiguration.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e.zprofile is for login shells. It is basically the same as .zlogin\nexcept that it\u0026rsquo;s sourced before .zshrc whereas .zlogin is sourced\nafter .zshrc. According to the zsh documentation, \u0026ldquo;.zprofile is meant\nas an alternative to .zlogin for ksh fans; the two are not intended to\nbe used together, although this could certainly be done if desired.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e.zshrc is for interactive shells. You set options for the interactive\nshell there with the setopt and unsetopt commands. You can also load\nshell modules, set your history options, change your prompt, set up\nzle and completion, et cetera. You also set any variables that are\nonly used in the interactive shell (e.g. $LS_COLORS\u003c/sub\u003e).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e.zlogin is for login shells. It is sourced on the start of a login\nshell but after .zshrc, if the shell is also interactive. This file is\noften used to start X using startx. Some systems start X on boot, so\nthis file is not always very useful.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e.zlogout is sometimes used to clear and reset the terminal. It is\ncalled when exiting, not when opening.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlso, the \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/search?q=zsh+dotfiles\u0026amp;ref=commandbar\u0026amp;type=repositories\"\u003econfiguration files of random Github\nusers\u003c/a\u003e\ngives possibilities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"expanding-and-sorting\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eexpanding and sorting \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#expanding-and-sorting\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe o,O sort doesn\u0026rsquo;t work for ls unless we disable ls sort with -U\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExpanding Depending on a Predicate these things may be quite powerful if\nwe learn what to do with them e: *\u0026lt;cmd\u0026gt;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"expansions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eexpansions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#expansions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExpansions Depending On the Permissions might be useful ls *(f755)\nwould list only directories (usually) though ls -d */ simpler however,\nthere are many other features for this\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExpansions Depending on Date or Size ls **/*(L0) list all empty files\nls **/*(LG+1) list all files \u0026gt;1G ls **/*(mh-1) list all files\nmodified within last hour\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"find-fd\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efind fd \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#find-fd\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"copying-files\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecopying files \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#copying-files\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003efind MMMM/local/.ocs.agio.organ/cur/ -maxdepth \u003cspan class=\"m\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e -type f \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e xargs cp -t mail/cur/\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003efind . -maxdepth \u003cspan class=\"m\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e -type f \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003ehead -1000\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e xargs cp -t \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$destdir\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"list-by-size\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003elist by size \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#list-by-size\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003efind . -size +1M \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003egreater than 1M\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003efind . -size -1M \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003eless than 1M\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003efind . -size +1M -exec ls -lh \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e{}\u003c/span\u003e +\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"find-only-git-dirs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efind only .git dirs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#find-only-git-dirs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efd ā€“exclude=\u0026quot;.cache\u0026quot; ā€“type d ā€“hidden \u0026lsquo;.git$\u0026rsquo; find ocs/ -type d -name\n\u0026ldquo;.git\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"ignore-dir\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eignore dir \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ignore-dir\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efd ā€“exclude dir find . $\u003ccode\u003e-name \u0026quot;.cache\u0026quot; -prune\u003c/code\u003e$ -o -name \u0026ldquo;.git\u0026rdquo; -type\nd\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"modifying-files\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003emodifying files \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#modifying-files\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003efind . -type d -name \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;*UNUSED\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003ewhile\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eread\u003c/span\u003e f\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e mv \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$f\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ef\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e%/*\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e/unused\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eusing for with find is not a good idea for some reason\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"links\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003elinks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#links\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efd . bin/ -t l and broken links are highlighted find bin/ -xtype l just\nshows the broken links\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"renumber-files\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erenumber files \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#renumber-files\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebest done with zmv, but using find is still interesting\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# filenumberer.sh\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ek\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"m\"\u003e0\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003efind . -type f \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003ewhile\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eread\u003c/span\u003e f\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ek\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e$((\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$k\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"m\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e cp \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$f\u003c/span\u003e ../NEWDIR/\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(l(5)(0))k\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e.pdf\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eexit\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# can be done as per code below, but zmv is preferable\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e z in \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e$(\u003c/span\u003efind /home/pradocs -name zotes.org\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e \n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"sb\"\u003e`\u003c/span\u003emv \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$z\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ez\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e%/*\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e/zzotes.org\u003cspan class=\"sb\"\u003e`\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"find-exec\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efind exec \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#find-exec\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethis is a strange syntax but worth learning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-zsh\" data-lang=\"zsh\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# find all *.org* in the fireworks/ and replaces localhost:1313 with tf.com\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003efind . -name \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;*.org\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e -exec perl -pi -e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;s/localhost:1313/towardsfreedom.com/g\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e{}\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"se\"\u003e\\;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# remove broken links in bin/\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003efind bin/ -xtype l -exec rm \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e{}\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"se\"\u003e\\;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# get word count for pdf files\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003efind . -name \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;*.pdf\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e -exec wc \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e{}\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"se\"\u003e\\;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# same as above but line it up nicely\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003efind . -name \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;*.pdf\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e -exec wc \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e{}\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"se\"\u003e\\+\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# same as above\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003efind . -name \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;*.pdf\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e -print0 \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e xargs -0 wc\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# print0 and xargs -0 handles spaces in filename which is bad idea anyway\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eexec Really Means exec!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u0026ldquo;It uses Linuxā€™s built-in exec to run the command, replacing the current\nprocessā€”your shellā€”with the command. So the command that is launched\nisnā€™t running in a shell at all.\u0026rdquo; which is why exec ls wipes out the\nshell!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003echaining (instead of piping?) example find . -name \u0026ldquo;*.page\u0026rdquo; -type f\n-exec bash -c \u0026ldquo;basename \u0026ldquo;{}\u0026rdquo; \u0026amp;\u0026amp; words-only \u0026ldquo;{}\u0026rdquo;\u0026rdquo; \\\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ffmpeg\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003effmpeg \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ffmpeg\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"split-video-files\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esplit video files \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#split-video-files\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003effmpeg -ss 00:03:04.560 -i input.mp4 -c copy -t 00:03:39.299 output.mp4\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eto split video files which sometimes even losscut cannot but ffmpeg can\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"file-into-variable\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efile into variable \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#file-into-variable\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003evar=$(\u0026lt;stuff.txt)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"for-itms-out-of-a-file\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efor itms out of a file \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#for-itms-out-of-a-file\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e l in \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(@f)\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e$(\u003c/span\u003e\u0026lt;filename\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efnumber\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e$(\u003c/span\u003eyoutube-dl -F \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$l\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e tail -n \u003cspan class=\"m\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e cut -f \u003cspan class=\"m\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e -d \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39; \u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e youtube-dl --format \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$fnumber\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$l\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"forloops\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eforloops \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#forloops\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efor i in {1..9}; do echo $i; done for ((i=1; i\u0026lt;10; i++)); echo $i\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"grep\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003egrep \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#grep\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"lines-not-beginning-with-\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003elines not beginning with # \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lines-not-beginning-with-\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/60994/how-to-grep-lines-which-does-not-begin-with-or\"\u003ehttps://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/60994/how-to-grep-lines-which-does-not-begin-with-or\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003egrep \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;^[^#;]\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e smb.conf\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn other words, it reports lines that start with any character other\nthan and ;. It\u0026rsquo;s not the same as reporting the lines that don\u0026rsquo;t start\nwith and ; (for which you\u0026rsquo;d use grep -v \u0026lsquo;^[#;]\u0026rsquo;) in that it also\nexcludes empty lines\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"heroic-commands-in-linux\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eheroic commands in linux \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#heroic-commands-in-linux\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zuwa8zlfXSY\"\u003ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zuwa8zlfXSY\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"exit-terminal-but-leave-all-processes-running\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eexit terminal but leave all processes running \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#exit-terminal-but-leave-all-processes-running\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003edisown\u003c/span\u003e -a \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e\u0026amp;\u0026amp;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eexit\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"intercept-stdout-and-log-to-file\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eintercept stdout and log to file \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#intercept-stdout-and-log-to-file\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ecat contacts.org \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e tee -a log.txt \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e cat \u0026gt; /dev/null\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"keep-command-out-of-history\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ekeep command out of history \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#keep-command-out-of-history\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003estart any command with a leading space and it will not go into history\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"put-something-in-the-background-ramdisk-for-fast-rw\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eput something in the background** ramdisk for fast rw \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#put-something-in-the-background-ramdisk-for-fast-rw\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003emkdir /mnt/ram\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003emount -t tmpfs tmpfs /mnt/ram -o \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003esize\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e8192M\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003edd \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003eif\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e/dev/zero \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eof\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003etest.iso \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ebs\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e1M \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ecount\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"m\"\u003e8000\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eon an ssd the above worked at 2.2G/s, but with ramdisk it was 3.9G/s!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"recursive-directory-creation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erecursive directory creation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#recursive-directory-creation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003emkdir -p folder/\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003esub1,sub2\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e/\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003esub1,sub2,sub3\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003emkdir -p folder/\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e1..100\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e/\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e1..10\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"redo-last-command-via-sudo\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eredo last command via sudo \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#redo-last-command-via-sudo\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esudo !!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eparticularly helpful if you don\u0026rsquo;t want to retype a long command.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"tunneling\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etunneling \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tunneling\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003etunneling to connect to cloud through a port of choice:\u003cbr\u003e\nssh -L localport:host:port-relative-to-machine login-credentials\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewe did this at one point to connect to lentil via wifi somehow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"use-an-editor-to-alter-a-long-messed-up-command\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003euse an editor to alter a long messed up command \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#use-an-editor-to-alter-a-long-messed-up-command\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003epush enter on the messed up command and then type fc to work with the\ncommand in default editor\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eexecute the command then use bg\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"largest-files-and-folders-identification\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003elargest files and folders identification \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#largest-files-and-folders-identification\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003edu -h \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e sort -hr \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e head -n \u003cspan class=\"m\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003edu -ah \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e sort -hr \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e head -n \u003cspan class=\"m\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"ls\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003els \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ls\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"inverse\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003einverse \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#inverse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe inverse is giving by ^\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003els *M.mp4\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003els ^*M.mp4\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"list-only-directories\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003elist only directories \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#list-only-directories\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eList only directories\n(\u003ca href=\"https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/502028/582800\"\u003epost\u003c/a\u003e) ls -d ā€“ *(\u003cem\u003e)\nls -ld ā€“ *(\u003c/em\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"new-zsh-script\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003enew zsh script \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#new-zsh-script\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecp ~/sh/zztmpls/zshtmpl.sh ~/new.sh\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eenter title that is descriptive\u003cbr\u003e\nset VDATe: v1 - M-x org-time-stamp write PURPose\u003cbr\u003e\nprovide desc\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eblock comment above\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efill out help section \u0026ldquo;use\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;how\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eadd variables and coding\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"numeric-sequence-generation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003enumeric sequence generation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#numeric-sequence-generation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003etouch a{01..99}.txt works touch a[01-99].txt doesn\u0026rsquo;t work\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ex a{2..4}* works x a[2-4]* works\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"pad-with-zero\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003epad with zero \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pad-with-zero\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eseq -w 1 11\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eor for more control\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e i in \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e2..11\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$u1\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(l:\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e::\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e0\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e:)i\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$u2$i\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eand can get something like this\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003ehttps://tubitv.com/tv-shows/524508/s01-e02-episode-2\nhttps://tubitv.com/tv-shows/524508/s01-e03-episode-3\nhttps://tubitv.com/tv-shows/524508/s01-e04-episode-4\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"perl-onliners\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eperl onliners \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#perl-onliners\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"add-a-line-after-match\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eadd a line after match \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#add-a-line-after-match\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003eperl -pi -e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;/paper.ily/ and $_.=\u0026#34;\\\\include \\\u0026#34;../../zztmpls/functions.scm\\\u0026#34;\\n\u0026#34;\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e score.ly\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"prompts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eprompts \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#prompts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eadd these to .zshrc:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003eautoload -Uz promptinit\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003epromptinit\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003eprompt bart \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003eor whatever\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e5 prompts:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$PS1\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$RPS1\u003c/span\u003e rightside\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$PS2\u003c/span\u003e waiting \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e more input\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$PS3\u003c/span\u003e making choices\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$PS4\u003c/span\u003e debugging scripts\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"redo-softlinks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eredo softlinks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#redo-softlinks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003efind ~/bin -type l -ls \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e tr -s \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34; \u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\\t\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e cut -f11,13\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003ecouldn\u0026rsquo;t do tr with sed for some reason\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/188057/update-symlinks-by-scripting%5C\"\u003ehttps://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/188057/update-symlinks-by-scripting\\\u003c/a\u003e\nthough the ideas using realpath will work, it doesn\u0026rsquo;t do what we are\ntrying to accomplish which is to replace \u0026lsquo;ba\u0026rsquo; with \u0026lsquo;sh\u0026rsquo; in the softlink\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"remove-empty-directories\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eremove empty directories \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#remove-empty-directories\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ermdir --verbose **/*\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e/^F\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ermdir --verbose **/*\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e/od\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.zsh.org/mla/users/2005/msg01375.html\"\u003ehttps://www.zsh.org/mla/users/2005/msg01375.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"remove-empty-directories-recursively\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eremove empty directories recursively \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#remove-empty-directories-recursively\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ermdir --verbose **/*\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e/^F\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ermdir --verbose **/*\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e/od\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.zsh.org/mla/users/2005/msg01375.html\"\u003ehttps://www.zsh.org/mla/users/2005/msg01375.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"rename\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erename \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rename\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003erename -v pradagio pradesigner */*/* \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#like grep -r\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"rsync\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ersync \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rsync\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"exclude\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eexclude \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#exclude\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003ersync -av --delete --exclude={'dir1','dir2','file1.txt'} ~/ocs ~/mnts/sd64/\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"run-help\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erun-help \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#run-help\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUse M-h on a command\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSetup properly in .zshrc unalias run-help 2\u0026gt;/dev/null autoload -U\nrun-help\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sed\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esed \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sed\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"backref-peculiarities\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ebackref peculiarities \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#backref-peculiarities\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003eschnell% \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$v\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003eIntegrating Values and Ethics into Wildlife Policy and Management Lessons from North America\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e](\u003c/span\u003ehttp://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/1/1/126\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003eschnell% \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$v\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e sed -r -n \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;s/\\[(.+)\\]/\\1/p\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003eIntegrating Values and Ethics into Wildlife Policy and Management Lessons from North America\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003ehttp://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/1/1/126\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003eschnell% \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$v\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e sed -rn \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;s/\\[(.+)\\]\\((.*)\\)/\\2\\1/p\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ehttp://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/1/1/126Integrating Values and Ethics into Wildlife Policy and Management Lessons from North America\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003ewhy does the entire $v get printed in the second item?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"getting-pics-from-html-file-to-proper-directories\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003egetting pics from html file to proper directories \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#getting-pics-from-html-file-to-proper-directories\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efrom html source:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-html\" data-lang=\"html\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003eclass\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;hdr\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003eIwrters\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003eclass\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;dsc\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003eIcquaint yourself with those who contributed to this site over the years!\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ebr\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e/\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ediv\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003estyle\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;background-color:#ccccff; margin:1em 1em 5em 1em\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003eimg\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003eclass\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;floatrig\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003esrc\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;y-283.jpg\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003ewidth\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;75\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003ealt\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;Alexandra\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e/\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003eclass\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;secitmtle\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003eAlexandra\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003eclass\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;secitmdsc\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003eI love animals more than anything else!\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003eclass\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;secitmurl\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003ehref\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;http://www.30bananasaday.com/profile/AlexandraR?xg_source=profiles_memberList\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003esee\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003eclass\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;whern\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ediv\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ediv\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003estyle\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;background-color:#ddddff; margin:1em 1em 5em 1em\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003eimg\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003eclass\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;floatrig\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003esrc\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;y-288.jpg\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003ewidth\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;75\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003ealt\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;Angelkate\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e/\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003eclass\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;secitmtle\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003eAngelkate\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003eclass\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;secitmdsc\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003eHere we find divinity, for we are it.\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003eclass\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;secitmurl\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003ehref\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;288.html\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003esee\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"na\"\u003eclass\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s\"\u003e\u0026#34;whern\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ep\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026lt;/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nt\"\u003ediv\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eneed to pull out the y-*.jpg and put it into the alt=\u0026ldquo;NAME\u0026rdquo; directory.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe problem couldn\u0026rsquo;t be solved with sed because non-greedy finds aren\u0026rsquo;t\npossible, but cut worked nicely:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003esed -n \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;/^\u0026lt;img class/p\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$tf\u003c/span\u003e/2.html \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e cut -d \u003cspan class=\"se\"\u003e\\\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e -f 4,8 \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e sed \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;s/\u0026#34;/:/\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u0026gt; TMP\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# need to change the \u0026#34; to : so it can be used as a delimiter for splitting.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003ewhile\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eread\u003c/span\u003e li\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(@s/:/)li\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e cp \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$a\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e1\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e ~/hugos/towardsfreedom/content/iwrters/\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$a\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e2\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e/00.jpg\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e \u0026lt; ~/hugos/towardsfreedom/TMP\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"md-to-org-links-conversion-multiple-in-place-replace\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003emd to org links conversion** multiple in-place replace: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#md-to-org-links-conversion-multiple-in-place-replace\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003esed -i\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e -e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;s/\\\\skip1//g\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e -e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;s/\\\u0026#34;//g\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e -e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;s/ / /g\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e -e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;s/\\\\dynamicUp//g\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e -e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;s/\\\\set ignoreMelismata = ##t//g\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e *.ly\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"replace-string-with-contents-of-file\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ereplace string with contents of file \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#replace-string-with-contents-of-file\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003esed -e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;/Acss/r qq\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e -e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;/Acss/d\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e index.php\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eputs contents of file qq right after Acss line and deletes the Acss line\npeople have wondered how to just substitute the string and not the line\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"swap-lines\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eswap lines \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#swap-lines\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethis sort of does it but not too well there seems to be no way to delete\nline only the first occurance of a match\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003esed -e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;/subsubtitle/ {h; n;p; x}\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e Ta-Ta-Ta.ly \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e \n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003esed -e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;6d\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e \n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ehead\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"various-extraction-methods\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003evarious extraction methods \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#various-extraction-methods\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17511639/sed-print-only-matching-group\"\u003ehttps://stackoverflow.com/questions/17511639/sed-print-only-matching-group\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esed -rn \u0026rsquo;s/\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-math\" data-lang=\"math\"\u003e(.+)\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003cp\u003e$\u003ccode\u003e(.*)\u003c/code\u003e$/\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"%5c2\" alt=\"\\2\"\u003e\n\n/p\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"setting-and-using-an-array-in-for-loop\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esetting and using an array in for loop \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#setting-and-using-an-array-in-for-loop\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethis is a bit weird, but it works\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#setup L1 directories\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eL1dirs\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=(\u003c/span\u003eIwrter Issays Ithngs Ibrary Ictvty Inotes\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e d in \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eL1dirs\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e[@]\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$d\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003ethough just this will work too:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e d in Iwrter Issays Ithngs Ibrary Ictvty Inotes\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$d\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e \n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"shell-options\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eshell options \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#shell-options\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezsh -l \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezsh -v \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezsh -x \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#xtraceā€”which can prove invaluable when debugging your scripts\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezsh -f \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#start a clean instance of zsh using the default settings can set after shell started\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"shortcut-patterns\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eshortcut patterns \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#shortcut-patterns\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA-Za-z \u0026lt;==\u0026gt; :alpha:\nascii,lower,upper,digit,alnum,print,blank(space,tab),space,punct\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;-\u0026gt; numeric x a\u0026lt;70-90\u0026gt;.txt\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sh_wordsplit-option-bing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esh_wordsplit\u003c/sub\u003e option (bing) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sh_wordsplit-option-bing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe zsh sh_wordsplit\u003c/sub\u003e option is a compatibility feature that\nmakes zsh behave like other shells when it comes to word splitting. Word\nsplitting is the process of breaking a string into words based on some\ndelimiter characters, such as spaces or colons. This is often done when\npassing arguments to a command or looping over a list of values.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy default, zsh does not perform word splitting on unquoted parameter\nexpansions. This means that if you have a variable that contains\nmultiple words separated by spaces, such as `str=\u0026ldquo;foo bar baz\u0026rdquo;`, and\nyou use it as an argument to a command, such as `echo $str`, zsh will\ntreat it as a single word and pass it as one argument to echo. This is\ndifferent from other shells, such as bash or ksh, which would split the\nvariable into three words and pass them as three arguments to echo.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe sh_wordsplit\u003c/sub\u003e option makes zsh emulate the behavior of\nother shells and perform word splitting on unquoted parameter\nexpansions. This means that if you set this option, `echo\n$\u003ccode\u003estr\u003c/code\u003e will print \u003ccode\u003efoo bar baz\u003c/code\u003e on three separate lines, as if you had written \u003ccode\u003eecho \u0026quot;\u003c/code\u003e$\n{ (@s: :)str}\u0026quot;`. The option also affects other forms of parameter\nexpansion, such as command substitution and arithmetic expansion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe sh_wordsplit\u003c/sub\u003e option is useful when you want to write\nscripts that are compatible with other shells, or when you want to use\nvariables that contain lists of values separated by some delimiter.\nHowever, it can also introduce unexpected behavior and errors if you are\nnot careful with quoting. For example, if you have a variable that\ncontains spaces in its values, such as `str=\u0026ldquo;foo \u0026lsquo;bar baz\u0026rsquo; qux\u0026rdquo;`, and\nyou use it in a for loop, such as `for x in $str; do echo $x; done`,\nzsh will split the variable into four words and print them on four\nlines, even though you might have intended to treat `bar baz` as a\nsingle word.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA better way to handle lists of values in zsh is to use arrays, which\nare variables that can store multiple values without relying on\ndelimiters. You can create an array by enclosing a list of words in\nparentheses, such as `arr=(foo \u0026lsquo;bar baz\u0026rsquo; qux)`, and access its\nelements by using the subscript notation, such as `echo $arr[2]`.\nYou can also use the `typeset -T` builtin command to tie an array\nvariable to a scalar variable, so that any changes to one are reflected\nin the other. For example, `typeset -T str str_array\u003c/sub\u003e` will\ncreate an array variable `str_array\u003c/sub\u003e` that is tied to the\nscalar variable `str`. If you assign a value to `str`, such as\n`str=\u0026ldquo;foo:bar:baz\u0026rdquo;`, the array variable will be updated accordingly,\nand vice versa.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor more information about word splitting and arrays in zsh, you can\nrefer to the following sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[What is word splitting? Why is it important in shell\nprogramming?](\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e^)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[How to split a string by \u0026lsquo;:\u0026rsquo; character in bash/zsh?](\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e^)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[Z-Shell Frequently-Asked Questions](\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e^)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[Re: Word splitting with zsh fix](\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e^)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Conversation with Bing, 9/12/2023 (1) zsh - What is word\nsplitting? Why is it important in shell programming ā€¦.\n\u003ca href=\"https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/26661/what-is-word-splitting-why-is-it-important-in-shell-programming\"\u003ehttps://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/26661/what-is-word-splitting-why-is-it-important-in-shell-programming\u003c/a\u003e.\n(2) How to split a string by \u0026lsquo;:\u0026rsquo; character in bash/zsh?.\n\u003ca href=\"https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/614299/how-to-split-a-string-by-character-in-bash-zsh\"\u003ehttps://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/614299/how-to-split-a-string-by-character-in-bash-zsh\u003c/a\u003e.\n(3) Z-Shell Frequently-Asked Questions - SourceForge.\n\u003ca href=\"https://zsh.sourceforge.io/FAQ/zshfaq03.html\"\u003ehttps://zsh.sourceforge.io/FAQ/zshfaq03.html\u003c/a\u003e. (4) Re: Word splitting\nwith zsh fix. \u003ca href=\"https://www.zsh.org/mla/workers/2006/msg00139.html\"\u003ehttps://www.zsh.org/mla/workers/2006/msg00139.html\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"specific-computers\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003especific computers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#specific-computers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# broot setup for specific computers\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003eif\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e[[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$HOST\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;schnell\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e||\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$HOST\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;adagio\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e]]\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003ethen\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#code\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efi\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"sshfs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003esshfs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sshfs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eparu -S sshfs sshfs \u0026lt;computer\u0026gt;: /home/mnts/\u0026lt;computer\u0026gt; umount\n/home/mnts/\u0026lt;computer\u0026gt;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"tee\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etee \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tee\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ereads from the standard input and writes to both standard output and one\nor more files at the same time (it helped to solve the rejects.sh issue\nwe were having)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eit can be used to write to multiple files as well as append:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ecommand\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e tee file1.out file2.out file3.out\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003ecommand\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e tee -a file.out\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003every useful when combined with sudo:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;newline\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e sudo tee -a /etc/file.conf\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eor remotely:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e e in \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$@\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edo\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e REJECT\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e|\u003c/span\u003e ssh REMOTE sudo tee -a /etc/postfix/access\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003edone\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"text-file-into-array\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003etext file into array \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#text-file-into-array\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cp\"\u003e#!/bin/zsh\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# urls should not be separated by blank lines or\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# have quotes (it seems or we get missing scheme error)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# getting the urls into an array needs to be looked at\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003eln\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"m\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e l in \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e${\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e(@f)\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e$(\u003c/span\u003e\u0026lt;./urls\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"si\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e{\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003efn\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$ln\u003c/span\u003e.mp4\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#echo \u0026#34;wget -O $fn $l\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e wget -O \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$fn\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$l\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e((\u003c/span\u003eln++\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e))\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e}\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eecho\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;all done\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nb\"\u003eexit\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch1 id=\"variables-as-commands\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003evariables as commands \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#variables-as-commands\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esetopt sh_wordsplit\u003c/sub\u003e otherwise $s=\u0026ldquo;sleep 2\u0026rdquo; is non-functional\nor $e=\u0026ldquo;emacsclient -c\u0026rdquo; is not found\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"zmv\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ezmv \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#zmv\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe should use this since it is zsh perl-rename may be better in some\nsituations rename is rather limited except for very straightforward\nstuff\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVery powerful commands though the syntax may be difficult to remember\nunless we get used to it through regular practice which is unlikely\nsince we don\u0026rsquo;t do this too often. So looking it up is better.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a multiple move based on zsh pattern matching. To get the full\npower of it, you need a postgraduate degree in zsh. However, simple\ntasks work OK, so if that\u0026rsquo;s all you need, here are some basic examples:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"footxt-to-foolis-etc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003efoo.txt to foo.lis, etc \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#footxt-to-foolis-etc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe items below shows move, copy, and link using zmv.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;(*).txt\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;$1.lis\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe parenthesis is the thing that gets replaced by the\n$\u003ccode\u003e1 (not the \u003c/code\u003e*\u0026rsquo;, as happens in mmv, and note the\n``$\u0026rsquo;, not `=\u0026rsquo;, so that you need to quote both words).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;(**/)(*).txt \u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$1$2\u003c/span\u003e.lis\u003cspan class=\"err\"\u003e\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe same, but scanning through subdirectories. The $1 becomes the full\npath. Note that you need to write it like this; you can\u0026rsquo;t get away with\n\u0026lsquo;(**/*).txt\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003enoglob zmv -W **/*.txt **/*.lis\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv -w \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;**/*.txt\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;$1$2.lis\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese are the lazy version of the one above; with -w, zsh inserts the\nparentheses for you in the search pattern, and with -W it also inserts\nthe numbered variables for you in the replacement pattern. The catch in\nthe first version is that you don\u0026rsquo;t need the / in the replacement\npattern. (It\u0026rsquo;s not really a catch, since $1 can be empty.) Note that -W\nactually inserts ${1}, ${2}, etc., so it works even if you put a\nnumber after a wildcard (such as zmv -W \u0026lsquo;*1.txt\u0026rsquo; \u0026lsquo;*2.txt\u0026rsquo;). [We alias\nzmv -[wW] to zm[wW]]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv -C \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;**/(*).txt\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e ~/save/\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;$1\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e.lis\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eCopy, instead of move, all .txt files in subdirectories to .lis files in\nthe single directory `~/save\u0026rsquo;. Note that the ~ was not quoted. You can\ntest things safely by using the `-n\u0026rsquo; (no, not now) option. Clashes,\nwhere multiple files are renamed or copied to the same one, are picked\nup.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s a more detailed description.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUse zsh pattern matching to move, copy or link files, depending on the\nlast two characters of the function name. The general syntax is\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ezmv \u0026lsquo;\u0026lt;inpat\u0026gt;\u0026rsquo; \u0026lsquo;\u0026lt;outstring\u0026gt;\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;inpat\u0026gt; is a globbing pattern, so it should be quoted to prevent it\nfrom immediate expansion, while \u0026lt;outstring\u0026gt; is a string that will be\nre-evaluated and hence may contain parameter substitutions, which should\nalso be quoted. Each set of parentheses in \u0026lt;inpat\u0026gt; (apart from those\naround glob qualifiers, if you use the -Q option, and globbing flags)\nmay be referred to by a positional parameter in \u0026lt;outstring\u0026gt;, i.e. the\nfirst (ā€¦) matched is given by $1, and so on. For example,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;([a-z])(*).txt\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;${(C)1}$2.txt\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003erenames algernon.txt to Algernon.txt, boris.txt to Boris.txt and so on.\nThe original file matched can be referred to as $f in the second\nargument; accidental or deliberate use of other parameters is at owner\u0026rsquo;s\nrisk and is not covered by the (non-existent) guarantee.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs usual in zsh, \u003cem\u003e\u0026rsquo;s don\u0026rsquo;t work inside parentheses. There is a special\ncase for (**\u003c/em\u003e) and (***/): these have the expected effect that the\nentire relevant path will be substituted by the appropriate positional\nparameter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is a shortcut avoiding the use of parenthesis with the option -w\n(with wildcards), which picks out any expressions `*\u0026rsquo;, `?\u0026rsquo;,\n`\u0026lt;range\u0026gt;\u0026rsquo; (\u0026lt;-\u0026gt;, \u0026lt;1-10\u0026gt;, etc.), `[ā€¦]\u0026rsquo;, possibly followed by\n`#\u0026rsquo;s, `**/\u0026rsquo;, `***/\u0026rsquo;, and automatically parenthesises them. (You\nshould quote any [\u0026rsquo;s or ]\u0026rsquo;s which appear inside [ā€¦] and which do not\ncome from ranges of the form `[:alpha:]\u0026rsquo;.) So for example, in\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv -w \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;[[:upper:]]*\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;${(L)1}$2\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003ethe $1 refers to the expression `\u003ca href=\":upper:\"\u003e:upper:\u003c/a\u003e\u0026rsquo; and the $2\nrefers to `*\u0026rsquo;. Thus this finds any file with an upper case first\ncharacter and renames it to one with a lowercase first character. Note\nthat any existing parentheses are active, too, so you must count\naccordingly. Furthermore, an expression like \u0026lsquo;(?)\u0026rsquo; will be rewritten as\n\u0026lsquo;((?))\u0026rsquo; ā€” in other words, parenthesising of wildcards is independent of\nany existing parentheses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAny file whose name is not changed by the substitution is simply\nignored. Any error ā€” a substitution resulted in an empty string, two\nsubstitutions gave the same result, the destination was an existing\nregular file and -f was not given ā€” causes the entire function to abort\nwithout doing anything.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBugs:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eParenthesised expressions can be confused with glob qualifiers, for\nexample a trailing \u0026lsquo;(*)\u0026rsquo; would be treated as a glob qualifier in\nordinary globbing. This has proved so annoying that glob qualifiers\nare now turned off by default. To force the use of glob qualifiers,\ngive the flag -Q.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe pattern is always treated as an extendedglob pattern. This\ncan also be interpreted as a feature.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnbugs:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou don\u0026rsquo;t need braces around the 1 in expressions like \u0026lsquo;$1t\u0026rsquo; as\nnon-positional parameters may not start with a number, although\nparanoiacs like the author will probably put them there anyway.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"capitalize-all-vowels\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ecapitalize all vowels \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#capitalize-all-vowels\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;(*)\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;${1//(#m)[aeiou]/${(U)MATCH}}\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"get-rid-of-single-quotes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eget rid of single quotes \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#get-rid-of-single-quotes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv -nQ \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;*.html\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u0026#34;\\${f//\u0026#39;/}\u0026#34;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003ewith Q we need to escape certain things like $\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"lowercase-and-space-to-hyphen\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003elowercase and space-to-hyphen \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lowercase-and-space-to-hyphen\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ezmv -n \u0026lsquo;*\u0026rsquo; \u0026lsquo;${f:l:s/ /-}\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"lowercase-the-directories\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003elowercase the directories \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#lowercase-the-directories\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv -vw \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;**/(*)/\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;${f:l}\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003ewe had to run it 3 times though to get everything TODO\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"remove-1st-four-char\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eremove 1st four char \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#remove-1st-four-char\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;*\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;$f[5,-1]\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003ewhere f is a zmv generated variable\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e)\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"renumber-files-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erenumber files \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#renumber-files-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e0\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003ezmv \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;(FILENAME-COMMON-PART)(*)\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;$1$((i++)).mp4\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#[] works too but may cause problems\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e1\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e zmv -n \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;(img*.jpg)\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;${(l:2::0:)$((i++))}$1\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#[] results in weird stuff\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003eimg\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e[\u003c/span\u003e01,02,..\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e]\u003c/span\u003e.jpg\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003ei\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e0\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003ezmv -n \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;(bind.*)\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;$1${(l:2::0:)}$((i++))\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e on bind.c, bind.h, bind.o\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003emv -- bind.c bind.c000\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003emv -- bind.h bind.h001\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003emv -- bind.o bind.o002\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"running-other-programs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003erunning other programs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#running-other-programs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv -p cp -o\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;-r\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;img/(*)\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;tmp/${1:u}\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv -C -o \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;-r\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;img/(*)\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;tmp/${1:u}\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003eeither recursively copies contents of img/ to tmp/ uppercasing\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"zmw-examples\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ezmW examples \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#zmw-examples\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing zmv -w or zmW is very effective through globbing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# upcase the filename but not the extension\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmW \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;*.jpg\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;${*:u}.jpg\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# pad left with zero\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmW \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;img*.jpg\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;img${(l:2::0:)*}.jpg\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# replace spaces with hyphens\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmW \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;*\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;${*// /-}\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ebetter than\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;*-*\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;${f// /-}\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003ezmv \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;*-*\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;${f:gs/ /-}\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ch2 id=\"zoptions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ezoptions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#zoptions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode\u003e-f force overwriting of destination files. Not currently passed\n down to the mv/cp/ln command due to vagaries of implementations\n (but you can use -o-f to do that).\n-i interactive: show each line to be executed and ask the user whether\n to execute it. Y or y will execute it, anything else will skip it.\n Note that you just need to type one character.\n-n no execution: print what would happen, but don't do it.\n-q Turn bare glob qualifiers off: now assumed by default, so this\n has no effect.\n-Q Force bare glob qualifiers on. Don't turn this on unless you are\n actually using glob qualifiers in a pattern (see below).\n-s symbolic, passed down to ln; only works with zln or z?? -L.\n-v verbose: print line as it's being executed.\n-o \u0026lt;optstring\u0026gt;\n \u0026lt;optstring\u0026gt; will be split into words and passed down verbatim\n to the cp, ln or mv called to perform the work. It will probably\n begin with a `-'.\n-p \u0026lt;program\u0026gt;\n Call \u0026lt;program\u0026gt; instead of cp, ln or mv. Whatever it does, it should\n at least understand the form '\u0026lt;program\u0026gt; -- \u0026lt;oldname\u0026gt; \u0026lt;newname\u0026gt;',\n where \u0026lt;oldname\u0026gt; and \u0026lt;newname\u0026gt; are filenames generated. \u0026lt;program\u0026gt;\n will be split into words.\n-P \u0026lt;program\u0026gt;\n As -p, but the program doesn't understand the \u0026quot;--\u0026quot; convention.\n In this case the file names must already be sane.\n-w Pick out wildcard parts of the pattern, as described above, and\n implicitly add parentheses for referring to them.\n-W Just like -w, with the addition of turning wildcards in the\n replacement pattern into sequential ${1} .. ${N} references.\n-C\n-L\n-M Force cp, ln or mv, respectively, regardless of the name of the\n function.\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"zz\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ezz \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#zz\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003especific computers\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" class=\"chroma\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e# broot setup for specific computers\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003eif\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e[[\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$HOST\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;schnell\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e||\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"nv\"\u003e$HOST\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e=\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003e\u0026#39;adagio\u0026#39;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"o\"\u003e]]\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"p\"\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003ethen\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e \u003cspan class=\"c1\"\u003e#code\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"line\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cl\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"k\"\u003efi\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebd (using tarrasch function for zsh because bd install doesn\u0026rsquo;t seem to\nwork)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efzf a good addition too and works rather like the fuzzy find on broot\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eglobbing seems to be inconsistent over the different versions of zsh\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eoperations on multiple extensions ls *.{jpg,png}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003elist only directories\n(\u003ca href=\"https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/502028/582800\"\u003epost\u003c/a\u003e) ls -d ā€“ *(\u003cem\u003e)\nls -ld ā€“ *(\u003c/em\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "The Wallet", "date_published": "2022-02-07T01:29:28-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-02-07T01:29:28-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-wallet/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-wallet/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eMy mother related this story to me about my grandfather. She lived in\nhis household as was often customary with East Indian families in the\n1900s. These extended families were usually quite closely knit and often\nmutually supportive. My mother adored her father-in-law and it was\nthrough her that I found out about his character.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne day he came home with a large collection of Indian sweets. Everyone\nin the large household was surprised. It wasn\u0026rsquo;t anyone\u0026rsquo;s birthday. There\nwas no religious festival. It wasn\u0026rsquo;t even dinner time! What was this all\nabout!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe was nowhere to be seen, so his wife directed the servants to set the\nsweets out. Lured by the spread, the rest of the household migrated to\nthe very large table, but didn\u0026rsquo;t partake in the goodies because they\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t know if they should.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter a short time, my grandfather showed up and encouraged everyone\nincluding the servants to help themselves! He was always known to be a\nmost honest and kind gentleman, but his generosity usually had some\nrationale behind it. So between munching, the others kept asking him why\nhe had bought all this for them!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, he said with a mischievous smile, \u0026ldquo;My wallet was stolen today.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe congregation went into the typical hysterics that good family\nmembers are supposed to display at such a time of crisis. The servants,\nwho also loved my grandfather, were quick to offer their sincere\nsympathies as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter recovering from the shock, my grandmother put a few pieces\ntogether and sharply asked him \u0026ldquo;Why are we eating sweets when your\nwallet was taken?!\u0026rdquo; This was followed by a similar chorus of\ninquisitiveness from the throng!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy grandfather ushered them to calm down and said, \u0026ldquo;I thought we should\ncelebrate. The person who took my wallet probably much needed the money\nand will be able to celebrate with his family tonight. I wanted to\ncelebrate his good fortune with my family!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Clojurians on Zulip", "date_published": "2022-02-07T00:53:45-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-02-07T00:53:45-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/discourse/clojurians-on-zulip/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/discourse/clojurians-on-zulip/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is an very well-organized forum with advanced mechanisms for\nclojure discussions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe knowledgeable participants are extremely\nhelpful too!\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://clojurians.zulipchat.com\"\u003ehttps://clojurians.zulipchat.com\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Tonal Harmony", "date_published": "2022-02-06T21:36:01-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-02-06T21:36:01-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/music/tonal-harmony/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/music/tonal-harmony/", "authors": [ { "name": "Stefan Kostka" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eFor over two decades Tonal Harmony has been the leading text for the\ntwo-year theory curriculum for music majors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsed at nearly\n800 schools, Tonal Harmony has been consistently praised for its\npracticality and ease of use for student and instructor alike.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Tonal-Harmony-Stefan-Kostka/dp/0078025141\"\u003eLink to\nbook.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Mathematics for the Million", "date_published": "2022-02-06T21:30:14-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-02-06T21:30:14-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/math/mathematics-for-the-million/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/math/mathematics-for-the-million/", "authors": [ { "name": "Lancelot Hogben" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eTaking only the most elementary knowledge for granted, the author takes\nreaders through the whole course from simple arithmetic to calculus.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis book is a classic due to its wide scope and interesting\npresentation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1427477.Mathematics_for_the_Million\"\u003eLink to\nbook.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Introduction to Logic", "date_published": "2022-02-06T21:22:07-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-02-06T21:22:07-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/logic/introduction-to-logic/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/logic/introduction-to-logic/", "authors": [ { "name": "Irving Copi" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis book introduces the fundamental methods and techniques of correct\nreasoning, in a manner that shows the relevance of the topics to readers\neveryday lives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany new exercises introduced in this\nedition help supplement and support explanations, aid in review, and\nmake the book visually stimulating. (There are editions other than this\n12th.)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Logic-Irving-Copi/dp/0131898345\"\u003ehttps://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Logic-Irving-Copi/dp/0131898345\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Crueltyfree Beauty Shopping", "date_published": "2022-02-06T15:31:36-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-02-06T15:31:36-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/products/crueltyfree-beauty-shopping/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/products/crueltyfree-beauty-shopping/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eMany products in our everyday life are tested on animals. This testing\ninvolves cruelty to the animals who are imprisoned, exploited, and\neventually killed. Skin-care products and makeup do not need testing\nsince they can be made with safe ingredients.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome companies are working to make sure all of their products are\ncruelty-free, and if you want to convert your future purchases into only\nthose that are cruelty-free, there are many resources available in the\nfollowing guide from The Parlor, to help you do so ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.jomashop.com/blog/a-guide-to-cruelty-free-beauty-shopping/\"\u003eA Guide to Cruelty-Free Beauty\nShopping\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Booklicious", "date_published": "2022-02-06T15:28:59-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-02-06T15:28:59-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/booklicious/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/insites/groups/booklicious/", "authors": [ { "name": "LouAnne Taylor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAre you a lover of books? Are you a parent looking for book\nrecommendations for your young child or teenager? If so, you\u0026rsquo;ve come to\nthe right place!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLouAnne Taylor has put together a wonderful website for children and\nparents alike, to find age appropriate books and learning\nabout the importance of literacy ā€¦\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://booklicious.net\"\u003eBooklicious\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs", "date_published": "2022-02-02T13:31:54-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-02-02T13:31:54-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/computing/structure-and-interpretation-of-computer-programs/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/computing/structure-and-interpretation-of-computer-programs/", "authors": [ { "name": "Hal Abelson, Jerry Sussman and Julie Sussman" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWizard Book n. Hal Abelson\u0026rsquo;s, Jerry Sussman\u0026rsquo;s and Julie Sussman\u0026rsquo;s\nStructure and Interpretation of Computer Programs (MIT Press, 1984; ISBN\n0-262-01077-1), an excellent computer science text used in introductory\ncourses at MIT. So called because of the wizard on the jacket. One of\nthe bibles of the LISP/Scheme world. Also, less commonly, known as the\nPurple Book.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis site is a companion to the influential computer-science text\nStructure and Interpretation of Computer Programs, by Abelson, Sussman,\nand Sussman. Its purpose is to demonstrate the Web\u0026rsquo;s potential to be a\nchannel for innovative support for textbook users.\u003cbr\u003e\nThe material on this site is aimed at instructors using SICP as a course\ntext, and at people using the book for self-study.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/1984-structure-and-interpretation-of-computer-programs/\"\u003eStructure and Interpretation of Computer\nPrograms\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStructure and Interpretation of Computer Programs (SICP) is a computer\nscience textbook by Massachusetts Institute of Technology professors\nHarold Abelson and Gerald Jay Sussman with Julie Sussman. It is known as\nthe Wizard Book in hacker culture. It teaches fundamental principles of\ncomputer programming, including recursion, abstraction, modularity, and\nprogramming language design and implementation.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structure_and_Interpretation_of_Computer_Programs\"\u003ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structure_and_Interpretation_of_Computer_Programs\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Website Design Hosting", "date_published": "2022-01-31T19:17:33-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-31T19:17:33-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/", "authors": [ { "name": "pradmin" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWe can design!\u003cbr\u003e\nWe can host!\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd for free!\u003cbr\u003e\nIf we think you\u0026rsquo;re the most!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"we-can-design\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWe can design! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#we-can-design\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are links to some of the sites we\u0026rsquo;ve designed in our past. Around\nthe turn of the millenium, my son Kyron and I learned to set up a home\nserver and offer free websites to animal rights and vegan groups and\nindividuals. We still will.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA few of the sites below are only samples. The early ones were done\nusing a website editor from that era. After we learned html, css etc\nwe started handcoding many of these and then developed a contact\nmanager using Haskell then Racket programming languages. These days we\ndo things with orgmode and markdown, using Hugo static site creation\nsystem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome sites have a bit of \u0026rsquo;naive\u0026rsquo; originality to them. Many sites are\nno longer active as their personnel have moved on to other things,\nwhile some have been redone by other webdesigners with modern tools\nand themes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/kindred/asap/\"\u003eASAP\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/acwfeu/\"\u003eAnimal Conservation and Welfare Foundation EU\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/arh/\"\u003eAnimal Rights Hawaii\u003c/a\u003e (original sample)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/bcdp\"\u003eBC Deer Protection Society\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/catca\"\u003eCATCA\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/chdcorg/\"\u003eCanadian Horse Defense Coalition\u003c/a\u003e (original)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/comfortwashlet\"\u003eComfort Washlet\u003c/a\u003e (sample only)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/courtath\"\u003eCourt Athlete\u003c/a\u003e (sample only)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://davidsztybel.info/\"\u003eDr. David Sztybel\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/esa/\"\u003eESA\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/kindred/fallfest/\"\u003eFallfest\u003c/a\u003e (before it became Worldfest)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/fcs\"\u003eFamily Caregivers Society\u003c/a\u003e (original)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/idps\"\u003eInverness Deer Protection Society\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/lfs/\"\u003eLeilani Farm Sanctuary\u003c/a\u003e (original)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/minimaLinux/\"\u003eMinimalinux\u003c/a\u003e (original sample)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/kindred/mwc/\"\u003eModelsWithConscience\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/phenix\"\u003ePhenix\u003c/a\u003e (sample only)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/rakata\"\u003eRakata\u003c/a\u003e (sample only)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/kindred/sam/\"\u003eSAM\u003c/a\u003e (Jeffrey\u0026rsquo;s advocacy site)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/seedsforchange\"\u003eSeeds For Change\u003c/a\u003e (original sample)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/sla/\"\u003eShawnigan Lake Adventure\u003c/a\u003e (original)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/kindred/soystache/\"\u003eSoystache\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/tracsorg\"\u003eTRACS\u003c/a\u003e (original)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/tslw/\"\u003eThe Shawnigan Lake Walk\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/thrubambiseyes/\"\u003eThru Bambis Eyes\u003c/a\u003e (poems and songs by Honey Sheperd)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/towardsfreedomORG/\"\u003eTowardsFreedom 1998-2012\u003c/a\u003e (original version)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/\"\u003eTowardsFreedom 2012-2020\u003c/a\u003e (the adupal version)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/tfzen/\"\u003eTowardsFreedom 2020-2026\u003c/a\u003e (hugo zen version)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/kindred/tmurdock/\"\u003eTrevor Murdock\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/veggiechess/\"\u003eVeggiechess\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/kindred/veronica/\"\u003eVeronica\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/wdh/worldfes\"\u003eWorldfest\u003c/a\u003e (original)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/ycc\"\u003eYour Cyber Court\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/tfold/kindred/yaaa\"\u003eYouth Against Animal Abuse\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"we-can-host\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWe can host! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#we-can-host\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce your site is coded, it needs to be \u0026lsquo;put out there\u0026rsquo; on the web. To\ndo this, the coding has to be placed on a computer that is connected to\nthe Internet and that is capable of \u0026lsquo;serving\u0026rsquo; any visitors your site.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis \u0026lsquo;server\u0026rsquo; is preferably a reasonably fast computer with \u0026lsquo;wide\u0026rsquo;\nconnections to the Internet, otherwise the pages may load slowly and\nonly a very few people will be able to view your site at the same time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can have your site hosted with a variety of companies (at a variety\nof price levels). Or if we find your cause a worthy one, we\u0026rsquo;ll do it for\nfree.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"are-you-the-most\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAre you the \u0026lsquo;most\u0026rsquo;? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#are-you-the-most\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo you have\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ea creative idea\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ea noble cause that people could support\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ea service of benefit to your community\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ea product worth telling the world about\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell, you really can let the world know with your own website!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Veggiechess", "date_published": "2022-01-31T13:58:04-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-31T13:58:04-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/chess/veggiechess/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/chess/veggiechess/", "authors": [ { "name": "prauthor" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe VeggieChess site was created in 2004 for the veggiechess group on\nredhotpawn.com and that group is still likely in existence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is the link to\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/veggiechess/\"\u003eVeggieChess\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Citizens of the House", "date_published": "2022-01-30T21:28:42-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-30T21:28:42-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/photography/citizens-of-the-house/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/photography/citizens-of-the-house/", "authors": [ { "name": "Kyron" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eOur neighbors are always in our house!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"slug-with-snail-friend\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSlug with snail friend \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#slug-with-snail-friend\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC00140.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of our two rescued leopard slugs together with its snail friend. The\nsnail in particular spends a great deal of time investigating the slug\nwith its lower pair of tentacles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth of them now seem to be in very good health and will be released\ninto our woodpile as soon as the weather warms up. It will be\ninteresting to see if they remain together!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"indoor-jumping-spider-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIndoor jumping spider #1 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#indoor-jumping-spider-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC01948.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore info on this remarkable spider coming soon!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"indoor-jumping-spider-1-exploring\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIndoor jumping spider #1 exploring \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#indoor-jumping-spider-1-exploring\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC00573.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe explorer at work on my hand.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"indoor-jumping-spider-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIndoor jumping spider #2 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#indoor-jumping-spider-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC02165.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis spider, like #1, probably came inside sometime late last summer.\nDuring the afternoon, she patrols the walls and ceilings of the living\nroom and kitchen staring intently at all who pass beneath.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"indoor-jumping-spider-2-posturing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIndoor jumping spider #2 posturing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#indoor-jumping-spider-2-posturing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC02166.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe meaning of this posture is unclear. Could it be part of a cleaning\nroutine? Or perhaps an effort to hide from the camera? Maybe even a\nsalute?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"5-legged-spider\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5-legged spider \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#5-legged-spider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore info on this highly productive spider coming soon!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC01855.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"5-legged-spiders-offspring\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e5-legged spider\u0026rsquo;s offspring \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#5-legged-spiders-offspring\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC01648.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the later batches of the 5-legged spider\u0026rsquo;s young, this little\ncritter is less than 2mm in body length.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"a-portrait-of-our-rescued-wasp\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eA portrait of our rescued wasp \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#a-portrait-of-our-rescued-wasp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC05317.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore info on the wasp coming soon. This shot was taken before I had a\nset of extension tubes for the Sony mount. A set of Pentax M42 mount\ntubes were handheld behind a reversed 28mm lens.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Citizens of the Yard Part2", "date_published": "2022-01-30T20:32:20-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-30T20:32:20-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/photography/citizens-of-the-yard-part2/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/photography/citizens-of-the-yard-part2/", "authors": [ { "name": "Kyron" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eā€¦ and they are still there!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"undescribed-sheetweb-spider-linyphantes-sp\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUndescribed sheetweb spider (Linyphantes sp.) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#undescribed-sheetweb-spider-linyphantes-sp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC01290stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a tiny (a little over 2mm in body length) sheetweb spider in the\ngenus Linyphantes. Like many sheetweb spiders, her species builds small,\nflat webs in leaf litter, under moss, and in other damp locations. As of\nyet, her species has not been formally described.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe, along with many of the other spiders in this gallery, was kindly\nidentified by \u003ca href=\"http://staff.washington.edu/tiso/\"\u003eRod Crawford, curator of arachnids at The Burke\nMuseum\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore photos of her on \u003ca href=\"https://bugguide.net/node/view/724159\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"snail--springtail\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSnail \u0026amp; springtail \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#snail--springtail\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG1203.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA cute little snail and springtail meeting on a fallen leaf.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"snout-mite-family-bdellidae\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSnout mite (family Bdellidae) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#snout-mite-family-bdellidae\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG4052stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFew mites are willing to sit still for a photoshoot, so I was grateful\nthis one was patient enough to let me get a fairly deep focus stack.\nSnout mites are predatory, feeding on springtails and other small\narthropods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"greater-night-stalking-tiger-beetle-omus-dejeanii\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGreater Night-stalking Tiger Beetle (Omus dejeanii) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#greater-night-stalking-tiger-beetle-omus-dejeanii\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG7338stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis large beetle was hiding in our woodpile during the winter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots of him on \u003ca href=\"https://bugguide.net/node/view/735830\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"little-springtail-sminthurinus-henshawi\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLittle springtail (Sminthurinus henshawi) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#little-springtail-sminthurinus-henshawi\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG8686.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother cute little springtail, just over half a millimetre in length.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots of it on\n\u003ca href=\"https://bugguide.net/node/view/738259/bgpage\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"tiny-dwarf-spider-tachygyna-vancouverana\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTiny dwarf spider (Tachygyna vancouverana) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tiny-dwarf-spider-tachygyna-vancouverana\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC03807.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother tiny spider, less than 1.5mm long. I rescued her from a shallow\npuddle where the surface tension was too strong for her minute legs to\nbreak free from. Here, she\u0026rsquo;s exploring the tip of my index finger.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots of her on \u003ca href=\"https://bugguide.net/node/view/724848\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-pseudoscorpion-king\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Pseudoscorpion King \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-pseudoscorpion-king\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG1287stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI\u0026rsquo;m always on the lookout for pseudoscorpions, but for some reason\nthey\u0026rsquo;re incredibly scarce here. This guy was found on the wall of one of\nour rabbit houses, picking his way through spider webbing. He was very\ncooperative, holding this pose for almost ten minutes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePseudoscorpions tend to be harder to identify than spiders, requiring,\namong other things, examination of the distribution of microscopic hairs\non various parts of their bodies. Nevertheless, after much photographic\neffort (and patience on his part), I\u0026rsquo;m fairly sure he is a male Chelifer\ncancroides, a common and widely distributed species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots on this \u003ca href=\"https://bugguide.net/node/view/728854\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"wolf-spider-alopecosa-kochi\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWolf spider (Alopecosa kochi) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#wolf-spider-alopecosa-kochi\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG4510stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA friendly, mid-sized wolf spider.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots of him on\n\u003ca href=\"https://bugguide.net/node/view/732694/bgimage\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"callobius-severus\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCallobius severus \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#callobius-severus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG7532stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCallobius severus is a common spider in the Pacific Northwest, typically\nfound in wooded habitats. They do well near human habitation too and are\nplentiful near the house. This gigantic female had a web behind a piece\nof wood on our side deck.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots of her on\n\u003ca href=\"https://bugguide.net/node/view/793503/bgimage\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"robber-fly-eudioctria-sp\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRobber fly (Eudioctria sp.) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#robber-fly-eudioctria-sp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG9042.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the first robber fly I\u0026rsquo;ve had any luck photographing. Very\ncolorful eyes! Robbers are predatory flies, snatching just about\nanything they can overpower out of the air.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots on \u003ca href=\"https://bugguide.net/node/view/800872/bgimage\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"carapace-of-a-ghost-spider-anyphaena-pacifica\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCarapace of a ghost spider (Anyphaena pacifica) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#carapace-of-a-ghost-spider-anyphaena-pacifica\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC07670stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe elegant carapace of a young male ghost spider.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"woodlouse-hunter-dysdera-crocata\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWoodlouse Hunter (Dysdera crocata) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#woodlouse-hunter-dysdera-crocata\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG1971.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eModerately large, tubular spiders, Woodlouse Hunters live under logs,\nbark and similar damp places where their preferred woodlouse prey is\nlikely to be. Dysdera crocata is the only species of its family in North\nAmerica where it\u0026rsquo;s easily identified by its impressive jaws and fangs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sheetweb-spider-linyphantes-victoria\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSheetweb spider (Linyphantes victoria) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sheetweb-spider-linyphantes-victoria\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG6324stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL. victoria is one of the most common sheetweb spiders in the yard. They\nvary so much in coloration that you really can\u0026rsquo;t recognize them based on\nappearance alone.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother L. victoria on\n\u003ca href=\"https://bugguide.net/node/view/726844/bgimage\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e that is much\ndarker.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"female-cybaeus-eutypus\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFemale Cybaeus eutypus \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#female-cybaeus-eutypus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG7588.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMembers of the genus Cybaeus are common ground-dwelling spiders in\nforests of the Pacific Northwest, living under rocks, logs, and in other\ndamp places. Many sport elaborate patterns on their carapaces and\nabdomens.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"elongate-bodied-springtail-isotomurus-palustris\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eElongate-bodied springtail (Isotomurus palustris) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#elongate-bodied-springtail-isotomurus-palustris\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG9088.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother type of springtail. These ones are pretty fast runners.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"small-orangy-springtail\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSmall orangy springtail \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#small-orangy-springtail\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG0119.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis colorful species is common in our area and may be undescribed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore images on \u003ca href=\"https://bugguide.net/node/view/739606\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"giant-house-spider-eratigena-duellica\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGiant House Spider (Eratigena duellica) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#giant-house-spider-eratigena-duellica\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG2032stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis gentle giant was out on a nighttime stroll in the rabbit enclosure.\nGiant House Spiders are fairly common funnel weavers in the Pacific\nNorthwest (also in Europe), and are among the largest spiders in Canada.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots of her on\n\u003ca href=\"https://bugguide.net/node/view/836234/bgimage\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd also a \u003ca href=\"http://bugguide.net/node/view/811631/bgimage\"\u003ebig male of the same\nspecies\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"small-jumping-spider-neon-reticulatus\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSmall jumping spider (Neon reticulatus) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#small-jumping-spider-neon-reticulatus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG6345.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile most jumping spiders happily roam in broad daylight, members of\nthe genus Neon prefer the cover of darkness, hiding in long grass and\nleaf litter. Their eyes are quite large for their size to help them see\nin their dimly lit habitats.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots of this male on\n\u003ca href=\"http://bugguide.net/node/view/783977/bgimage\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"dwarf-spider-mermessus-trilobatus\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDwarf spider (Mermessus trilobatus) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dwarf-spider-mermessus-trilobatus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG7733stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA cute little dwarf spider, about 2mm long.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"little-pseudoscorpion-apochthonius-sp\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLittle pseudoscorpion (Apochthonius sp.) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#little-pseudoscorpion-apochthonius-sp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG9934.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s a tiny pseudoscorpion I found while sifting forest litter. It\u0026rsquo;s a\nlittle over a millimetre long. I don\u0026rsquo;t have the equipment to get clear\nshots of stuff this tiny, but from the images I did take I suspect it is\nin the genus Apochthonius.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots on \u003ca href=\"http://bugguide.net/node/view/803460\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"large-folding-door-spider-antrodiaetus-pacificus\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLarge folding-door spider (Antrodiaetus pacificus) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#large-folding-door-spider-antrodiaetus-pacificus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG0269.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese impressive spiders make silk-lined tunnels in loose soil and\ndebris, coming up to the entrance at night to wait for prey. They are\nmygalomorphs, more closely related to tarantulas than most commonly\nnoticed spiders.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"damselfly\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDamselfly \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#damselfly\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG2732stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis battered old damselfly landed on my leg while I was trying to\nphotograph a jumping spider. After a brief rest, it took off into the\nbushes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"cobweb-spider-platnickina-tincta\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCobweb spider (Platnickina tincta) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cobweb-spider-platnickina-tincta\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG6577.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eP. tincta is very common in the yard. This male somehow wound up\nindoors, which is unusual for one of them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots of him on \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"\u0026amp;quot;http://bugguide.net/node/view/784800/bgimage\" alt=\"\u0026quot;http://bugguide.net/node/view/784800/bgimage\"\u003e\n\n.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"wolf-spider-mother-and-young-pardosa-vancouveri\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWolf spider mother and young (Pardosa vancouveri) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#wolf-spider-mother-and-young-pardosa-vancouveri\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG7801stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWolf spider mothers go to great lengths to care for their young. Their\negg sacs are made from several layers and kinds of silk, protecting the\neggs from water, impacts, and other hazards. Once made, the mother will\nattach the sac to her spinnerets and carry it around wherever she goes.\nWhen the spiderlings emerge, they climb onto her back and secure\nthemselves with silk. She continues to carry and protect them for some\ntime before they eventually disperse.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWolf spiders have very good vision and can be hard to photograph.\nUnderstandably, they\u0026rsquo;re especially suspicious of photographers looming\noverhead whilst carrying young. I approached this one very slowly. It\ntook several minutes to convince her I wasn\u0026rsquo;t a threat and get close\nenough to photograph her.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"emerald-mite\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEmerald mite \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#emerald-mite\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG0958.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s what happens when you point a camera at a barely visible speck\nracing around on a rotting log! This brilliant green mite in the family\nEupodidae is only a third of a millimetre long.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"xysticus-crab-spider\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eXysticus crab spider \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#xysticus-crab-spider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG3041stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrab spiders in the genus Xysticus often have fancy abdomen patterns.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots of this large female on\n\u003ca href=\"http://bugguide.net/node/view/765362/bgimage\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"stone-like-harvestman-ortholasma-pictipes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eStone-like harvestman (Ortholasma pictipes) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#stone-like-harvestman-ortholasma-pictipes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG6695stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHarvestmen in the family Nemastomatidae can be quite astonishing in\nappearance. O. pictipes has a hard exoskeleton with a stony texture\nalong with a peculiar projection in front of the eyes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore photos of this female on\n\u003ca href=\"http://bugguide.net/node/view/735271/bgpage\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"jumping-spider-phidippus-johnsoni\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eJumping spider (Phidippus johnsoni) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#jumping-spider-phidippus-johnsoni\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG7971stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis friendly jumping spider spent most of his photoshoot scampering\naround trying to investigate everything around him all at once. It\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t easy to convince him to face the camera. Not that it did much\ngood when he did - he would often leap straight at the lens before I\ncould shoot! Maybe he was trying to make friends with his reflection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJumpers have superb vision and are extremely curious. If you put your\nhand near them, they will often hop on for a chance to explore.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMembers of the genus Phidippus are notable for their large size and\nbright, iridescent chelicerae (jaws). P. johnsoni have a red (sometimes\norange) and black color scheme to mimic certain velvet ants. Velvet ants\ncan deliver very painful stings, so it benefits the comparatively\ndefenceless spiders to look like them to fool potential predators.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots of this fellow on\n\u003ca href=\"http://bugguide.net/node/view/795690/bgimage\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd a shot of his stunning chelicerae on\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/kyrontf/9177472604/\"\u003eFlickr\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"tiny-globular-springtail-sminthurinus-niger\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTiny globular springtail (Sminthurinus niger) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tiny-globular-springtail-sminthurinus-niger\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG1086.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI found this minuscule springtail on the lid to our recycling can. Frans\nJanssens, a springtail expert who runs\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.collembola.org\"\u003ecollembola.org\u003c/a\u003e, was able to identify her as\nSminthurinus niger (from a photo of her rump, no less). The first\nverified record of the species from the Nearctic ecozone.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots of her on \u003ca href=\"http://bugguide.net/node/view/740193\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"red-dwarf-spider-walckenaeria-auranticeps\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRed dwarf spider (Walckenaeria auranticeps) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#red-dwarf-spider-walckenaeria-auranticeps\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG3241.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlthough this spider was less than 3mm long, her bright red carapace and\nlegs made her easy to spot against the green moss I found her in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots of her on \u003ca href=\"http://bugguide.net/node/view/730678\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"cobweb-spider-theridion-sp\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCobweb spider (Theridion sp.) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cobweb-spider-theridion-sp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG6704stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpiders in the genus Theridion are usually small, with a distinct stripe\ndown the middle of their abdomen.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"globular-springtail-dicyrtomina-minuta-forma-saundersi\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGlobular springtail (Dicyrtomina minuta forma saundersi) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#globular-springtail-dicyrtomina-minuta-forma-saundersi\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG8015stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA spectacularly patterned globular springtail!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"domestic-house-spider-tegenaria-domestica\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDomestic house spider (Tegenaria domestica) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#domestic-house-spider-tegenaria-domestica\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG1155stack.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDomestic house spiders have become distributed all over the world thanks\nto human activities, frequently living in and around houses. They\u0026rsquo;re\nmedium-sized, agile spiders that spin funnel-shaped webs in dark,\nundisturbed places.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLike many other species in their family, they\u0026rsquo;re covered in feathery\nhairs. I gently rubbed a few off this spider\u0026rsquo;s abdomen, which you can\nsee along with other photos on his \u003ca href=\"http://bugguide.net/node/view/812665/bgimage\"\u003eBugGuide\npage\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ant-mimic-ground-spider-micaria-pulicaria\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnt-mimic ground spider (Micaria pulicaria) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ant-mimic-ground-spider-micaria-pulicaria\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG3576.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSmall spiders in the genus Micaria sometimes look like ants, but this\nmale wasn\u0026rsquo;t fooling anyone!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore shots of him (and a link to a female) on\n\u003ca href=\"http://bugguide.net/node/view/765375/bgimage\"\u003eBugGuide\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"fruit-fly-genus-paracantha\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFruit fly (genus Paracantha) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fruit-fly-genus-paracantha\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG7103.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI found this picturesque fly perched on a thistle plant. It didn\u0026rsquo;t seem\nto mind me hovering around with the camera.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"feeding-time\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFeeding time! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#feeding-time\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG8288.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt seems that when I\u0026rsquo;d rather they not, mosquitoes will gleefully oblige\nthemselves and steal a belly full of blood anyway. Yet when I encourage\nthem to \u0026ldquo;bite\u0026rdquo; for a photograph, they just hover around pretending\nthey\u0026rsquo;re not interested! I had to sit in the middle of a cloud of over\ntwenty mosquitoes before this one finally decided to try for a meal.\nInterestingly, when I let a mosquito take as much blood as it wants, the\narea around the bite rarely itches or swells.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Citizens of the Yard Part1", "date_published": "2022-01-30T20:32:14-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-30T20:32:14-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/photography/citizens-of-the-yard-part1/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/photography/citizens-of-the-yard-part1/", "authors": [ { "name": "Kyron" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eOur neighbors live in our yard!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"woodlouse-possibly-philoscia-muscorum\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWoodlouse (possibly Philoscia muscorum?) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#woodlouse-possibly-philoscia-muscorum\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC00231.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany, many of these and similar woodlice come out at night and munch on\ndecaying vegetation. Interestingly, woodlice are crustaceans, belonging\nto the same class as crabs and shrimp.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"phidippus-clarus-female\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePhidippus clarus female \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#phidippus-clarus-female\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC02457.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnfortunately I inadvertently disturbed this spider outside while\nworking outside. The white fluff she\u0026rsquo;s on is her home which resembles a\n\u0026ldquo;sleeping bag\u0026rdquo; of silk. After a couple of shots, she and her home were\nrelocated to a safe place.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"winter-cutworm\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWinter cutworm \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#winter-cutworm\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC03662.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe larvae of the Large Yellow Underwing moth (Noctua pronuba), winter\ncutworms are a common sight here during the colder months. They come out\nto feed whenever there is a warm spell. This one was fairly large at 6cm\nor so in length.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTaken using a Tamron 90mm macro lens.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"flys-head\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFly\u0026rsquo;s head \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#flys-head\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC04971.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis fly was inadvertently disturbed when we had to move the plastic\nsheet it was hiding in. It was pretty calm and stayed still long enough\nto get this composite shot, focus stacked from 15 individual images.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"portrait-of-a-male-wolf-spider\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePortrait of a male wolf spider \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#portrait-of-a-male-wolf-spider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC06050.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSomehow, this poor fellow got himself stranded in the house. He was very\nfriendly and after I picked him up, he hung out on my hand for a while,\neven going through his cleaning routine there. Once released, he began\nscooting around every which way with great enthusiasm, stopping only\noccasionally. I was lucky he paused long enough for me to get this stack\nof 3 shots.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"weevil\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWeevil \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#weevil\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC06862.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShortly before it was time to leave home for my piano lesson, I stumbled\nupon this weevil indoors. It may have found its way in on the fur of one\nof the cats or dog. As I didn\u0026rsquo;t have much time, I hurriedly scooped it\nup with a leaf, took a couple of shots, and then released it outside.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"unidentified-jumping-spider-on-a-blackberry-stem\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnidentified jumping spider on a blackberry stem \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#unidentified-jumping-spider-on-a-blackberry-stem\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG2972.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis jumping spider is exploring.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"callobius-severus-male\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCallobius severus male \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#callobius-severus-male\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC01124.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the larger males I\u0026rsquo;ve seen so far, this fellow was climbing up\nthe side of our chimney, probably searching for a mate. The males can\noften be seen wandering about, poking into crevices here and there where\na female might be likely to make a home.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe\u0026rsquo;s missing a palp - perhaps from a conflict with another male?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-arachmage\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Arachmage \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-arachmage\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC02481.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs with humans, true wizards and sorcerers are very difficult to find\namong spiderfolk. Needless to say, I was more than a little shocked to\nfind this arachnid demonstrating his abilities by setting our compost\nablaze.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTaken with a Pentax 55mm lens reversed on a full set of extension tubes\nif I recall.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"portrait-of-a-female-wolf-spider\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePortrait of a female wolf spider \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#portrait-of-a-female-wolf-spider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC03770.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI found this ~8mm spider hanging around on our deck in the evening. As\nI\u0026rsquo;d been wanting to get a portrait of one of these spiders for some\ntime, I offered her a red leaf which she obligingly crawled onto. After\nexploring it thoroughly, she found a comfortable spot and settled down\nin the above position for quite a while.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFocus stacked from four shots taken with a vintage Pentax 28mm lens\nreversed on a full set of extension tubes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"carabid-beetle-with-mite\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCarabid beetle with mite \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#carabid-beetle-with-mite\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC05413.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese nocturnal beetles are all over the place as soon as winter\u0026rsquo;s chill\npasses. They trundle along quickly and purposefully, stopping here and\nthere to investigate their surroundings. They\u0026rsquo;re particularly sensitive\nto the light I use to focus with and most run away when it gets too\nbright. This individual didn\u0026rsquo;t care too much though and sat still for\nthe better part of a minute.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCuriously, many have a mite riding around near their head. I\u0026rsquo;ve never\nseen more than one at a time. I imagine the mites are just passengers\nalong for the ride. Maybe they help keep the beetles clean?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"female-callobius-severus-front\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFemale Callobius severus, front \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#female-callobius-severus-front\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC06090.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC. severus spiders are striking to behold. They are moderately large\nwith body lengths of 2 cm or so and leg spans of up to 5 cm. Their\ncephalothorax and legs range in colour from dull pink to bright orange\nor even blood red. In the fall, males are easy to find along the side of\nthe house as they search for mates. Females are harder to locate.\nThey\u0026rsquo;re experts in the art of reclusivity, hiding out in the most\ninaccessible places they can manage, only coming out late at night.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost are easily startled and will disappear into their dwellings in the\nblink of an eye at the first sign of trouble. Unusually, this spider\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t in the least bit concerned about my presence. She didn\u0026rsquo;t even\nmind when I nudged her onto a piece of wood for some shots. After I\u0026rsquo;d\nfinished, I put her back where I found her and she leisurely continued\nabout her business as if nothing had happened.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFocus stacked from 5 images I think.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"female-callobius-severus-top\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFemale Callobius severus, top \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#female-callobius-severus-top\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC06098.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSame spider as in last picture.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"adult-male-evarcha-proszynskii-jumping-spider-front\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAdult male Evarcha proszynskii jumping spider, front \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#adult-male-evarcha-proszynskii-jumping-spider-front\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC06991.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI found this fellow on the back deck and nudged him into a glass so I\ncould move him somewhere else to be photographed. As it happened, I\nsnapped some shots while he was still in the glass. 5 of them were\nsuitable for stacking and resulted in this image.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce he got out, he didn\u0026rsquo;t seem very happy. He kept running around\nnervously, avoiding me when I got too close. I put him back where I\nfound him quickly and he was fine after that.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"adult-male-evarcha-proszynskii-jumping-spider-top\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAdult male Evarcha proszynskii jumping spider, top \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#adult-male-evarcha-proszynskii-jumping-spider-top\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC07062.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSame spider as in last picture.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"another-adult-male-evarcha-proszynskii\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnother adult male Evarcha proszynskii \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#another-adult-male-evarcha-proszynskii\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC07103.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile working on clearing some wood to make way for our upcoming\nmini-farm, I noticed a familiar blob darting around on one of the pieces\nfrom some distance away. Sure enough, it was jumping spider. I\u0026rsquo;d been\nhoping to find another of this species, so I immediately set to work\nphotographing him. His eyes were spectacular!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFocus stacked from 3 shots.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"cross-orbweaver-and-morning-glory-vine\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCross orbweaver and morning glory vine \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cross-orbweaver-and-morning-glory-vine\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG3044.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis wonderful spider with a very prominent cross on her back\n(distinctive of Araneus diatematus, the cross orbweavers) made a home\naround our deck. On occasion, one of the morning glory plants would make\nuse of her threads if she wasn\u0026rsquo;t careful! The vine was gone the next\nnight. Perhaps she removed it or snipped the thread?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"robust-lancetooth-snail\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRobust Lancetooth snail \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#robust-lancetooth-snail\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC01507.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApparently this snail was reading the soggy remains of a newspaper in\nour woodpileā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"dung-fly\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDung fly \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#dung-fly\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC03062.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI think this fly is a female of the genus Scathophaga. She was busy\nenough with her cleaning routines that she didn\u0026rsquo;t pay much attention to\nme or my equipment. These flies tend to be quite trusting, and if you\napproach slowly, they won\u0026rsquo;t mind being observed at all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"face-to-face-with-a-fly\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFace-to-face with a fly! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#face-to-face-with-a-fly\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC03808.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis small fly was taking shelter in the insulated house our outdoor\nrabbits have. Since it was late at night, the fly was inactive and\nbarely seemed to take notice of me hovering around with the camera.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFocus stacked from 7 shots taken with a 28mm prime lens reversed on a\nfull set of extension tubes. The stack didn\u0026rsquo;t turn out perfectly this\ntime as you can see a few areas on the eyes that lack sharp focus.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"wood-bug-curled-up\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWood bug curled up \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#wood-bug-curled-up\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC05414.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis large wood bug was found very near the beetle in DSC05413. I\naccidentally nudged the leaf it was on while trying to get a shot of the\nbeetle, causing it to roll up into a very well-armoured ball. Due to\nthis behaviour, another popular name for these crustaceans is \u0026ldquo;roly\npoly\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"woodlouse-with-unidentified-purple-insect-\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWoodlouse with unidentified purple insect (?) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#woodlouse-with-unidentified-purple-insect-\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMGP8076.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI didn\u0026rsquo;t notice the little insect on the woodlouse\u0026rsquo;s head until played\nback an enlarged version of the shot on my camera. Fascinated, I watched\nthrough the magnified view of my lens as the purple critter explored its\nride, which didn\u0026rsquo;t seem to take any notice. Once satisfied, it dropped\ndown and scuttled off at a surprising speed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"face-of-a-cross-orbweaver\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFace of a cross orbweaver \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#face-of-a-cross-orbweaver\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC02019.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis female Araneus diadematus spider had just finished producing an egg\nsac and was wandering around on our deck. After a brief tour, she\nreturned to guard the sac and remained there for a few days.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"male-wolf-spider\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMale wolf spider \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#male-wolf-spider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC03113.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAround here, wolf spiders often endure the colder days of winter\nclinging to the side of the house. When the chill finally ends and the\nsun begins to warm the ground again, they positively leap down and start\nforaging as quickly as they possibly can. Even in early February, they\nare so numerous in parts of the yard that you have to watch your step!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis ~6-7mm male was pretty cooperative and didn\u0026rsquo;t mind me getting close\nwith the camera. He just kept going, occasionally stopping for a brief\nrest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe odd white patch on his right fang might be some kind of fungus, but\nI\u0026rsquo;m not sure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePentax 55mm reversed on a extension tubes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"unidentified-jumping-spider\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnidentified jumping spider \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#unidentified-jumping-spider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC03993.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother of those endearing jumping spiders!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"pellenes-sp-jumping-spider-front\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePellenes sp. jumping spider, front \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pellenes-sp-jumping-spider-front\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC05524.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA new species for me when I found it, this small (~4mm) jumping spider\nwas extremely cooperative! It hopped as much as walked, but frequently\nstopped to take long looks at anything that moved. Focus stacked from\nabout 4 shots.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"pellenes-sp-jumping-spider-top\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePellenes sp. jumping spider, top \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pellenes-sp-jumping-spider-top\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC05533.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTop view of the same spider in last picture.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"pellenes-sp-jumper\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePellenes sp. jumper \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pellenes-sp-jumper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC06220.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLike the spider in the last picture, this one was pretty calm and\ncooperative. It wandered freely between a dandelion leaf I was trying to\nshoot it on and my hand, inevitably attempting to work its way up my\nsleeve when it got the chance. The blue background is actually the sky,\nwhich the spider and leaf were held up against for the shot.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"fly-with-pseudoscorpion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFly with pseudoscorpion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fly-with-pseudoscorpion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC02075.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis shot came as a complete surprise. I didn\u0026rsquo;t notice the\npseudoscorpion attached to the fly\u0026rsquo;s leg when I took it. According to\nWikipedia, pseudoscorpions are known to hitch rides on insects - a very\nefficient means of travel for such tiny creatures! The fly didn\u0026rsquo;t seem\ndisturbed by the presence of its passenger.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"a-springtails-face\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eA springtail\u0026rsquo;s face \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#a-springtails-face\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC03142.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite possessing six legs, springtails are not insects. They are one\nof the most numerous macroscopic animals with densities of perhaps\n100,000 per cubic metre of soil in many parts of the world! We rarely\nsee them because they are so small.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTheir name comes from a special \u0026ldquo;tail\u0026rdquo; folded beneath their abdomen. It\nis a two-pronged lever-like appendage that is kept under tension. When\nreleased, it can fling a springtail up to 15cm into the air ā€“ the\nequivalent of a human being jumping over the Eiffel Tower!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis individual was moderately large at a length of 2mm or so and was\nwarming itself in the sun with several associates.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFocus stacked from 3 shots taken with a Pentax 28mm reversed on a full\nset of extension tubes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"garden-soldier-fly-exaireta-spinigera\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGarden soldier fly (Exaireta spinigera) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#garden-soldier-fly-exaireta-spinigera\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC04402.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLots of these critters come out of our composts at various times of the\nyear. After a few hours, they turn black and take flight. Could this be\nsome kind of nymph stage or does it just take a while for their adult\ncolouration to set in?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"female-phidippus-borealis-jumping-spider\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFemale Phidippus borealis jumping spider \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#female-phidippus-borealis-jumping-spider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC06701.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI regularly patrol the yard looking for these jumping spiders as they\nare very striking. They\u0026rsquo;re large, up to 2 cm in body length, and have\nbright red or orange markings on their abdomens. They also have\ncolourful metallic fangs, a trait they share with many other Phidippus\nspiders.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeing as big as they are, it\u0026rsquo;s a fascinating experience to meet one face\nto face. When you look at them, you see a pair of calculating,\nintelligent eyes staring back at you. Some will be curious and come\ncloser, even hopping onto you on occasion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis one was casually ambling about near the house. I think she may have\nmoulted recently because she was very clean and well groomed, with\nhardly a hair out of place.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"female-phidippus-borealis-jumping-spider-close-up\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFemale Phidippus borealis jumping spider, close-up \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#female-phidippus-borealis-jumping-spider-close-up\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC06734.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClose-up of same spider as in last pic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"young-arion-slug-feeding-on-a-dandelion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eYoung Arion slug feeding on a dandelion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#young-arion-slug-feeding-on-a-dandelion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC07906.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile testing out a new macro setup, I happened upon this slug. It was\nvery busy with its head buried deep inside the flower. These slugs are\nsome of the most common here and will eat all sorts of stuff. Unlike\nmost of the shots so far in this gallery, this was taken without flash,\nin shade on a sunny day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"unidentified-purple-critter\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnidentified purple critter \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#unidentified-purple-critter\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC02197.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe same kind of creature as in \u0026lsquo;IMGP8076\u0026rsquo;, this one was dancing on\nwater that had collected in a planting pot. At a mere 1.5-2mm in length\nit was easily supported by the surface tension.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"yellowjacket-queen\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eYellowjacket queen \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#yellowjacket-queen\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC03381.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur last snowfall was heavy and probably disturbed the hibernating\nplaces of many creatures. I suspect this yellowjacket queen was among\nthose unfortunate enough to have been awakened prematurely. I found her\nhuddled up against a pot out on our deck. It was very cold and she could\nbarely move. Seeing as it was late in the evening and would only get\ncolder at night, I decided to bring her in since she didn\u0026rsquo;t have a\nsuitably cozy hiding spot. I kept her in the same room that our slugs\nlive in which was cool enough that she wouldn\u0026rsquo;t get too active\novernight.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy noon the next day, she had had quite enough of the container I was\nkeeping her in and wanted out. Luckily, it was unexpectedly sunny and\nwarm, so I thought there was a good chance she could find a new place to\nwait out the rest of the winter. After crawling around on my hand for a\nseveral minutes and snacking quickly on a piece of apple, she flew off.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFocus stacked from 7 shots taken with a 28mm prime lens reversed on a\nshort extension tube.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"yellowjacket-queen-preparing-to-depart\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eYellowjacket queen preparing to depart \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#yellowjacket-queen-preparing-to-depart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC03407.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe same queen as in last picture exploring my hand a few minutes before\nshe took off.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTaken with a Pentax 55mm reversed on a couple of extension tubes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"a-very-colourful-cross-orbweaver\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eA very colourful cross orbweaver \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#a-very-colourful-cross-orbweaver\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC04568.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother spectacular cross orbweaver!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"small-cave-cricket\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSmall cave cricket \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#small-cave-cricket\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC05575.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI found this cute little insect under a board outside. It wasn\u0026rsquo;t nearly\nas skittish as some of its conspecifics and obligingly remained perched\non the leaf for a couple of minutes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCave crickets are frequent visitors to our deck and eat just about\nanything they can find.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"globular-springtail\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGlobular springtail \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#globular-springtail\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG0337.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOften when I\u0026rsquo;m photographing a subject, I\u0026rsquo;ll end up coming across many\nother interesting thing in the vicinity. In this case, I was shooting a\nPlatycryptus californicus jumping spider when I noticed this springtail\na few centimeters away, slowly making its way up a blade of grass.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"xysticus-crab-spider-in-the-snow\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eXysticus crab spider in the snow \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#xysticus-crab-spider-in-the-snow\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC02252.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNormally, you might not think of a frigid snowscape as a hospitable\nenvironment for little creatures to be out and about in. If you look\nclosely, though, you may be surprised!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis 3-4mm crab spider was found foraging amongst the ice crystals on\nthe surface. The temperature was slightly above freezing, so maybe it\nwas just warm enough to permit activity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was by no means alone out there! Several other spiders were scurrying\naround, along with a few insects (or possibly springtails - I didn\u0026rsquo;t get\na good look), pseudoscorpions, and even worms.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFocus stacked from two shots taken with a Pentax 28mm reversed on a full\nset of extension tubes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"wet-soldier-fly-exaireta-spinigera\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWet soldier fly (Exaireta spinigera)! \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#wet-soldier-fly-exaireta-spinigera\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC04642.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI found this fully mature soldier fly hanging out on the compost bin we\nkeep near our garden. The water droplets acted here to further magnify\nparts of the eye!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"female-trap-door-spider\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFemale trap-door spider \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#female-trap-door-spider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC05737.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA rare sight above ground, adult female trap-door spiders around here\nnormally spend most of their lives in their burrows. I don\u0026rsquo;t know what\nthis one was up to, but she was wandering around out in the open. She\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t in any hurry and sat absolutely still for a few shots, this one\nfocus stacked from 9 images.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrap-door spiders are mygalomorphs and more closely related to\ntarantulas than many commonly known spiders like wolf spiders, orb\nweavers, and jumpers. Unlike the latter types, mygalomorphs have fangs\nwhich point straight down and don\u0026rsquo;t cross. Many can also live well over\n10 years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"little-jumping-spider\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLittle jumping spider \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#little-jumping-spider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./DSC06823.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI have yet to find out exactly what this cute spider is. Perhaps a male\nPellenes jumper? I found him out in the backyard. Like many jumping\nspiders, he was eager to explore and gladly hopped onto a red leaf I\nheld out for him.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"hoverfly-feeding-on-a-dandelion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHoverfly feeding on a dandelion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#hoverfly-feeding-on-a-dandelion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./IMG1533.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHoverflies are extremely capable fliers, able to hold absolutely still\nin the air for extended periods or dart off in any direction of their\nchoosing at a moment\u0026rsquo;s notice. I find them less skittish than some other\nflies. This one was particularly unconcerned and let me get quite close.\nShot in natural light.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Citizens of the Deck", "date_published": "2022-01-30T20:31:01-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-30T20:31:01-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/photography/citizens-of-the-deck/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/photography/citizens-of-the-deck/", "authors": [ { "name": "Kyron" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eOur neighbors are always on our deck!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"nightly-banquet\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNightly banquet \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#nightly-banquet\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0274.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA common sight on summer nights, several slugs and other creatures made\na habit out of turning up at very precise times. On the lower left is\none slug by the questionable name of \u0026lsquo;BY\u0026rsquo; who came to eat each night\nwithin five minutes of 9:50 PM. The routine continued for almost two\nweeks. On the upper left is a slug who looks a lot like BY named \u0026lsquo;BX\u0026rsquo;.\nBX was always more erratic and often skipped a day or two.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"leopard-slug-with-earwigs\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLeopard slug with earwigs \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#leopard-slug-with-earwigs\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0884.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis leopard slug was another of the many slugs who visited the deck\nregularly during the summer. Its favourite thing to eat was moist cat\nfood which it occasionally had to share with a few earwigs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"cave-cricket-nibbling-on-a-cherry\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCave cricket nibbling on a cherry \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cave-cricket-nibbling-on-a-cherry\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0341.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis cricket was a regular visitor to the deck for about a month. It\noften joined the slugs and was eager to sample just about anything they\nwere eating except for greens.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"paper-wasp-nest\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePaper wasp nest \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#paper-wasp-nest\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img1117.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA distinctive feature of paper wasp construction is that the cells of\ntheir nests are exposed. This nest was built on the underside of a\nwooden table. The wasps kept so much to themselves that by the time we\nnoticed, there were already several adults tending to it. Since they\nwere already well established with more young on the way we let them\nremain.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the day the adults were usually occupied with collecting food for\ntheir larvae. Occasionally they would stop off at a flower for a snack\nor for a drink at the cats\u0026rsquo; water bowl.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePaper wasps are not known for being aggressive and these certainly were\nnot. They didn\u0026rsquo;t even mind me routinely poking my head under the table\nto see what they were up to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough they appeared to be content, their colony never grew beyond seven\nor eight adults at a time until they finally abandoned their home with\nthe onset of the cold weather.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"cave-cricket-dining-with-a-slug\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCave cricket dining with a slug \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#cave-cricket-dining-with-a-slug\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0345.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese two friends seem to be enjoying a communal meal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"slender-crab-spider-eating-a-piece-of-apple\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSlender crab spider eating a piece of apple \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#slender-crab-spider-eating-a-piece-of-apple\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img2087.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen I first saw this, I had no idea there were spiders (besides\nBagheera kiplingi) who would eat fruit of any kind. After some research,\nI learned that many spiders do in fact take nectar from flowers and have\nbeen known to eat various fruits in captivity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI sometimes placed bits of apple out to attract wasps so I could watch\nthem, and in this case the result was most unexpected. The spider had\nchosen to feed on a \u0026ldquo;crumb\u0026rdquo; of apple discarded by one of the wasps an\nhour or two earlier. It had browned, but there was still plenty of juice\nleft for the spider apparently. She spent nearly half an hour feeding,\nmaneuvering the crumb deftly with her palps.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEager to see if others of the same species would do similar, I tried to\nfeed them apples, grapes, and some other fruit. Several did indeed take\nthem. I\u0026rsquo;ve observed and photographed wolf spiders as well as grass\nspiders eating fruit too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"banana-slug-contemplating-the-cuisine\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBanana slug contemplating the cuisine \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#banana-slug-contemplating-the-cuisine\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0366.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis banana slug is trying to determine the merits of this particular\ncourse, the underside of a blackberry leaf.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"male-grass-spider-eating-a-piece-of-apple\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMale grass spider eating a piece of apple \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#male-grass-spider-eating-a-piece-of-apple\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img2194.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis handsome fellow regularly made appearances on the deck, perhaps due\nto the existence of several females that made homes there. He only got\nto enjoy his apple for a couple of minutes before a wasp found him out\nand stole it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"spider-with-banana-slug\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSpider with banana slug \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#spider-with-banana-slug\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0367.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe spider probably came up for a drink but ended up making a new friend\nin the process. The slug, aside from being mildly put out by having a\nleg blocking one of its eye stalks, didn\u0026rsquo;t appear to mind the spider at\nall.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Leopard Slug Mating Ritual", "date_published": "2022-01-30T14:57:28-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-30T14:57:28-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/photography/leopard-slug-mating-ritual/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ictvity/photography/leopard-slug-mating-ritual/", "authors": [ { "name": "Kyron" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eSome of our neighbors engage in what may be considered \u0026lsquo;restricted\u0026rsquo;\nactivities!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"introduction\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIntroduction \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#introduction\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn May 2012, I spent a few hours photgraphing the mating ritual of two\nleopard slugs. Below are pictures and explanations. If you want meta\ndata specifications about the picture, right click on it and select\nImage Properties.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe two individuals are the leader:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0689.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand the follower:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0688.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"phase-one-pursuit\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePhase One: Pursuit \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#phase-one-pursuit\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0577.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen a leopard slug wishes to mate, it communicates the fact chemically\nthrough its slime trail to any others who might stumble across it. As\nsimultaneous hermaphrodites (an individual is both male and female),\nthey are not choosy about their partners. When another slug finds the\ntrail it will, if it also feels like mating, follow. Once it catches up\nwith the originator it nibbles on its tail to announce its presence and\nintentions. The nibbled, having been alerted, begins a search for a\nlocation few other slugs would ever venture to. Thus, at a rate of ten\nor perhaps fifteen centimetres per minute, one of the most extraordinary\nrituals to be found anywhere commences.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0590.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth of these slugs are residents of our woodpile. I\u0026rsquo;d seen the leader\n(upper right) several times before. It is easily identifiable by its\nrelative lack of spots. The follower was new to me. Having watched Sir\nDavid Attenborough\u0026rsquo;s BBC series \u0026ldquo;Life in the Undergrowth\u0026rdquo; where the\nmating ritual is shown, I immediately knew what was going on when I saw\nthese two slugs behaving this way. I had my PowerShot camera and a light\nwith me, but I knew the ritual could take several hours to complete. I\nrushed inside to stock up on batteries. When I emerged a few minutes\nlater with full pockets, the slugs had moved all of a half metre or so.\nThe leader was crawling along with great care, making sure to thoroughly\nexamine everything it came into contact with along its path. Particular\nattention was paid to objects that seemed to project upward, however\nshort they might be.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0593.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn occasion, the follower would lose the leader\u0026rsquo;s tail and become lost.\nRemarkably, when the leader noticed this happening, it would stop and\nhold its position to give the follower a chance to catch up again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0594.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce the leader felt another nibble on its tail, the quest would resume.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0603.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnfortunately for the pair, nothing they came across in the woodpile\nseemed interesting enough to prompt them to move to the next stage of\ntheir ritual. It was even more distressing for me because I\u0026rsquo;d been\nhoping I wouldn\u0026rsquo;t have to follow them too far!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0617.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey went straight into the forest beyond our fence. An overenthusiastic\nbeetle got into the spirit of things and tried to latch onto the train\nhere before remembering it wasn\u0026rsquo;t a slug.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0621.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI climbed over the fence and joined them in the forest. They continued\nto investigate everything that promised to go upwards with the exception\nof cedar trees. Perhaps they are uncomfortable to leopard slugs?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0628.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt last, after more than two and a half hours, they found a fallen alder\nbranch that leaned against a cedar tree. The pair are not easy to spot\nin this shot. The leader is at the base of the branch and the follower\nis on the left of the frame.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"phase-two-ascension\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePhase Two: Ascension \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#phase-two-ascension\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0630.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNowhere to go but up! Phase two of the ritual kicked off.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0634.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey came to a fork in the branch and chose the path that took them\nstill further up. By this time they had been climbing for about ten\nminutes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0638.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen they discovered their branch lead into a cedar tree, they were less\nthan pleased! They spent a long while circling around, trying to find a\nway to get past it, but there was none. They stayed there for the better\npart of an hour before they gave up. The leader headed downward again. I\nthought they might be ready to call the whole thing off, seeing as how\nthey\u0026rsquo;d already spend nearly four hours searching for the right spot.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"phase-three-entanglement\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePhase Three: Entanglement \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#phase-three-entanglement\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0639.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJust as I was starting to realize how sleepy I had become, the leader\nsuddenly swung upwards again. It became apparent that while they hadn\u0026rsquo;t\nfound exactly the place they were looking for, they weren\u0026rsquo;t about to\ngive up either! Phase three began in what must have been an awkward\nspot.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0640.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe two coiled around one another like snakes and loosened their grip on\nthe branch.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0643.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen they let go altogether and slid into thin air, hanging by a rope of\nthick slime!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0644.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is why the slugs had been looking for something to climb for so\nlong. They mate aerially suspended and require a certain amount of\nheight to do so. How they know how much is enough I have no clue!\nIdeally, they would probably have preferred a horizontal branch or other\noverhang to drop from. In its absence, they chose to make the most of\nthe branch they had.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"phase-four-unity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePhase Four: Unity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#phase-four-unity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0646.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving descended far enough (they were still a good metre and a half\nabove the forest floor), they commenced phase four of the operation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0652.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach slug\u0026rsquo;s male reproductive organs are housed just behind their head\non their right side. These are everted from their genital pore and snake\ndownwards.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0656.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLike their bodies, they entwined their reproductive organs once fully\nextended.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0665.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese fanned out to form a blue, flower-like structure over an orb where\nthe transfer of sperm took place. They remained in this posture for some\nnine minutes, spinning slowly on their thread.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"phase-five-detachment\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePhase Five: Detachment \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#phase-five-detachment\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0669.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith phase four complete, the fifth and final phase started. Perhaps the\nmost tricky task of all was disentanglement. Remarkably, they managed it\nin only a couple of minutes!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0671.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow unwound, they retracted their genitals again. Their thoughts then\nturned to unravelling their bodies!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0678.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat task took several minutes. Once complete, the leader once again\ntook up its position in front and hauled itself back up the slime rope.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0683.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt didn\u0026rsquo;t take long for the follower to latch on.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"./img0684.jpg\" alt=\"\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSafely back up in the tree, their four and a half hour long enterprise\ncame to an end. Of course, each still had to find a safe place to lay\neggs, but by that time I thought I had better turn in and said my\nfarewell. That wasn\u0026rsquo;t the last I saw of them, though! The next day, the\nfollower was happily sliming its way around the woodpile again. Two days\nafter that, the leader turned up too. Evidently despite their great\nadventure (at least seven or eight metres of travelling), they still\nconsidered the woodpile their home. Perhaps some of the little leopard\nslugs we see next year will be theirs!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Confessions of a Medical Heretic", "date_published": "2022-01-30T14:31:31-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-30T14:31:31-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/health/confessions-of-a-medical-heretic/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/health/confessions-of-a-medical-heretic/", "authors": [ { "name": "Robert S. Mendelsohn" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eCovers issues from unnecessary surgeries and prescribed drugs to\npreventive medicine and home births.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Confessions-Medical-Heretic-Robert-Mendelsohn/dp/0809241315\"\u003eLink to\nbook.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Feynman Lectures on Physics", "date_published": "2022-01-30T14:18:31-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-30T14:18:31-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/physics/the-feynman-lectures-on-physics/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/physics/the-feynman-lectures-on-physics/", "authors": [ { "name": "Feynman, Leighton, Sands" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe classic text made from lecture notes given by someone who\nunderstands physics very well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Feynman Lectures on\nPhysics is a physics textbook based on some lectures by Richard Feynman,\na Nobel laureate who has sometimes been called \u0026ldquo;The Great\nExplainer\u0026rdquo;.[1] The lectures were presented before undergraduate\nstudents at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), during\n1961ā€“1963. The book\u0026rsquo;s co-authors are Feynman, Robert B. Leighton, and\nMatthew Sands.\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Feynman Lectures on Physics is perhaps the most popular physics book\never written. More than 1.5 million English-language copies have been\nsold; probably even more copies have been sold in a dozen\nforeign-language editions.[2] A 2013 review in Nature described the\nbook as having \u0026ldquo;simplicity, beauty, unity ā€¦ presented with enthusiasm\nand insight\u0026rdquo;.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Feynman_Lectures_on_Physics\"\u003ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Feynman_Lectures_on_Physics\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWeb version available at\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/info/\"\u003ehttps://feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/info/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Buddha Stories", "date_published": "2022-01-30T14:10:59-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-30T14:10:59-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/buddha-stories/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/buddha-stories/", "authors": [ { "name": "Demi" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA book with stories that are both entertaining and enlightening.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis was a fun book with one page budda stories. The\nillustrations are cool, solid gold figures. With a deep blue backgroud.\nThey shine in a really cool way. This book would be nice for students to\nread on their own, look at the art, and ponder the lessons learned.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://books.google.ca/books?id=l6xzQgAACAAJ\u0026amp;redir_esc=y\"\u003eGooglebooks\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Animal Liberation", "date_published": "2022-01-13T14:49:50-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-13T14:49:50-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/animal-liberation/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/ibrarys/philosophy/animal-liberation/", "authors": [ { "name": "Peter Singer" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe classic which is considered to be the beginning of animal\nliberation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal Liberation: A New Ethics for Our\nTreatment of Animals is a 1975 book by Australian philosopher Peter\nSinger. It is widely considered within the animal liberation movement to\nbe the founding philosophical statement of its ideas. Singer himself\nrejected the use of the theoretical framework of rights when it comes to\nhuman and nonhuman animals. Following Jeremy Bentham, Singer argued that\nthe interests of animals should be considered because of their ability\nto experience suffering and that the idea of rights was not necessary in\norder to consider them. He popularized the term \u0026ldquo;speciesism\u0026rdquo; in the\nbook, which had been coined by Richard D. Ryder to describe the\nexploitative treatment of animals ā€¦\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Liberation_(book)\"\u003eWikipedia\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Book That Started A Revolution. Since its original publication in\n1975, this groundbreaking work has awakened millions of concerned men\nand women to the shocking abuse of animals everywhere ā€“ inspiring a\nworldwide movement to eliminate much of the cruel and unnecessary\nlaboratory animal experimentation of years past ā€¦\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/29380.Animal_Liberation\"\u003eGoodreads\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst published in 1975, Animal Liberation was a philosophical\nbombshell. It forever changed the conversation about our treatment of\nanimals. It made peopleā€”myself includedā€“change what we ate, what we\nwore, and how we perceived animalsā€¦ (Ingrid Newkirk, PETA)\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.peta.org/about-peta/learn-about-peta/ingrid-newkirk/animal-liberation/\"\u003ePETA\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "027-04-08-29", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:45-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:45-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/027-04-08-29/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/027-04-08-29/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eSangeeta came in first and seemed very pleased about it. Breaca came\nnext and the two of them talked to each other because there really\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t anyone else to talk to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey would have continued to talk to each other even after I entered,\nbut Breaca had to go and empty her hotmail account, so I had to talk to\nSangeeta. It seemed that she had posted in the physics forums about\nimagination being more important than knowledge in science (Einstein\u0026rsquo;s\nquote actually) and some silly people interpreted it as imagination\ninstead of knowledge and were making even sillier posts. So all these\npeople had to be straightened out - which they were!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca returned and we talked a bit about the state of the forums which\nwas actually improving. Breaca then said that she would like to be a\nmod, so I told her that she should ask even though Russ had said they\nweren\u0026rsquo;t taking on any new mods for a while. We all agreed that she would\nmake a great mod. Breaca thought she would too, because she would delete\nevery post by anyone who beat her in a chess game, which generated\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] that sounds fair [sangeeta] breaca\u0026gt; hehehehe\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta wondered about something she had written something in her\njournal\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; here is what i wrote in my journal last night\nregarding something he said: Act as if all you meet may be the\nbuddhaā€¦You will then be on your best behaviorā€¦ā€¦better yet, act as if you\nARE the Buddha, and you may becoe one w/o knowing itā€¦ā€¦how is that?\n[pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; do you remember what the master told the student\nwhen she asked to see a picture of the buddha? [sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt;\nYEP!!! look behind the curtain, and there was a mirror!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay entered and was greeted in the following manner:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] Hello [imvegan] rgoudie\u0026gt; Hi Ray [sangeeta] rgoudie\u0026gt;\nROAR! [pradtf] hoooraaay! [imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; [pradtf] where is\nhe???? [imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; now don\u0026rsquo;t get carrayed away [pradtf] well\nthat was short\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEventually he did show up:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; he\u0026rsquo;s having trouble connecting [pradtf] imvegan\u0026gt;\noh yeah he\u0026rsquo;s in montreal [rgoudie] pradtf\u0026gt; Yes, I have to travel a\nlonger distance. [pradtf] rgoudie\u0026gt; and it\u0026rsquo;s colder\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael and Kyron appeared next, but Ray had to leave for a bit:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] Marsha has asked me to help someone carry a chair down the\nstreet, so I shall return in five minutes. [pradtf] rgoudie\u0026gt; that is\nvery chairitable of you\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca then explained where she lived:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] sangeeta\u0026gt; I don\u0026rsquo;t live in England at all [pradtf] breaca\u0026gt;\nyou live in the ocean then? [breaca] Wales, the land of Dragons, we\neven have one on our flag [pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; you must have a wale of a\ntime there! [breaca] pradtf\u0026gt; you will make me blubber soon [pradtf]\nbreaca\u0026gt; as long as you don\u0026rsquo;t go blue [breaca] pradtf\u0026gt; you can travel\nto Wales by bike orca [pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; don\u0026rsquo;t you mean by pike?\n[breaca] ROTFL\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta had to go to her VegFest, but Ray came back to hear what he\nmissed about his efforts with the chair:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] rgoudie\u0026gt; that was a chairitable deed you just did\n[imvegan] did you chairge for it? [rgoudie] pradtf\u0026gt; Yes, it was,\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t it. [rgoudie] imvegan\u0026gt; I charged her 25$ to carry the chair\ndown the street.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTony appeared but had forgotten his ID so we had to make it up all over\nagain and by the time this was done, he had to leave again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Kyron told us that he had part of our critter website done:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[kyrontf] Just letting everyone know, we have webpages for the 4\nrabbits and one of the old snakes up now on the crittercavern!\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.towardsfreedom.com/crittercavern/\"\u003ehttp://www.towardsfreedom.com/crittercavern/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo people all went to have a look and had a bit of discussion about it\nafterwards.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry showed up even though he was very busy. His pelvic injury still\nhadn\u0026rsquo;t healed completely, but it was getting better.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl appeared, but Tony left while Ray and Kyron were having a Linux\ndiscussion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl and Breaca were discussing moderators. When the idea of a female\nmoderator was mentioned, the following rather unusual conversation\nensued (while the rest of us had a serious conversation regarding the\nforums):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[dyl] breaca\u0026gt; I can wear a dress. [breaca] dyl\u0026gt; I can loan you a\ndress what size are you? [pradtf] dyl\u0026gt; svw hasn\u0026rsquo;t been around for a\nlong time [dyl] breaca\u0026gt; i doubt you have anything my size, but if you\nhave anything in red i\u0026rsquo;ll try it on. [breaca] dyl\u0026gt; I have a red\nbikini or a red wales rugby shirt [imvegan] breaca\u0026gt; i vote for the\nbikiniā€¦ how about you? [breaca] imvegan\u0026gt; i vote bikini too\n[imvegan] dyl\u0026gt; ok Dylanā€¦ you get the red bikiniā€¦ [dyl] breaca\u0026gt; i\nlook good in a bikini, but for the sake of modesty i\u0026rsquo;ll take the jersy i\nthink. [dyl] imvegan\u0026gt; breaca\u0026gt; i\u0026rsquo;m doing you both a favour by not\ntaking the bikini, incidentally. there was an unfortunate incident in\nyear 4 on a school camp which left my poor sister\u0026rsquo;s swimming costume\npermanently stretched. [pradtf] dyl\u0026gt; because you tried wearing it???\n[breaca] dyl\u0026gt; tell tell tell, we are all ears [dyl] pradtf\u0026gt; i\u0026rsquo;m\nafraid so. my sister never forgave me. [imvegan] dyl\u0026gt; would you care\nto elaborate? so, you have a penchant for bikinis then? [dyl] no,\nyou\u0026rsquo;re not getting any more details. all you need to know was the camp\nwas in a place called nowra, and I walked away with the title Miss Nowra\nand that\u0026rsquo;s all you\u0026rsquo;re getting. [breaca] i would never loan my bikini\nto somone prettier than me [dyl] imvegan\u0026gt; I could send you my new red\nbikini signed, if you like. [dyl] breaca\u0026gt; oh well. i guess i\u0026rsquo;ll have\nto keep borrowing my sister\u0026rsquo;s. [imvegan] dyl\u0026gt; gee, Dylan!!! could\nyou???!!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen poor Dylan in his overabundant enthusiasm said the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[dyl] imvegan\u0026gt; express mail! as soon as I can weasle the clothing off\nbreaca. [dyl] ā€¦.there\u0026rsquo;s something i seriously wished i\u0026rsquo;d phrased\ndifferently.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd of course, Breaca couldn\u0026rsquo;t let it pass unnoticed, now could she:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] dyl\u0026gt; that you want to take my clothes off?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl tried to shuffle fast and change the subject:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[dyl] actually there was a video of the particular incident in nowra\nat one point. i could see if I could dig that up. [pradtf] dyl\u0026gt; now\nyou\u0026rsquo;re in for it!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl dug himself in deeper:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[dyl] breaca\u0026gt; that\u0026rsquo;s the one! i claim the late hour as my excuse for\nthat slip up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI tried to throw a little help Dyl\u0026rsquo;s way, by getting Larry interested in\nmy very educational physics posts:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] here you go - these posts are really educational - really!! i\nmean it they really are: \u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthr\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthr\u003c/a\u003e Ć¢Ā€Å \namp;page=3\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Breaca toyed with her helpless victim, first by getting him to\nrelax:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] dyl\u0026gt; its ok i was joking [dyl] breaca\u0026gt; i know\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen by changing the topic:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] but i do have to leave in a minute [dyl] breaca\u0026gt; bye\nbreaca.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd finally, as Dyl felt at ease while everyone was saying good bye to\nher, Breaca dealt the final blow:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] byee everyone [breaca] * breaca holds tightly onto her\nclothes as she walk past Dyl towards the door\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis fate being sealed, what could poor Dyl do:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[dyl] Michael\u0026gt; hehe, somehow I don\u0026rsquo;t think breaca is going to give it\nup. oh well. [dyl] breaca\u0026gt; hhehehehe. what a terrible slip up.\n[pradtf] dyl\u0026gt; slip??? again the choice of words might land you in\ntrouble [dyl] pradtf\u0026gt; prad! i\u0026rsquo;ve managed to dig myself out of a hole\nand you seem determined to throw me back in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs I tried to make him feel better, the following conversation ensued:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] dyl\u0026gt; don\u0026rsquo;t worry i\u0026rsquo;ll try to make you look as good as i can\nin the summary [dyl] pradtf\u0026gt; oh noā€¦ā€¦ [pradtf] i didn\u0026rsquo;t have time to\nwrite last weeks - hope i\u0026rsquo;ll get around to this weeks [dyl] my mistake\nis going to be the centrepiece of your creationā€¦. [pradtf] hey i had\nan idea!! anyone else want to write it up? [dyl] i was only here for\nthe end, and after my bungling tonight i don\u0026rsquo;t think i\u0026rsquo;m game to write\nanything again. [rgoudie] [so many hands rising at the same time]\n[imvegan] but you do such a good job ā€¦.. and I\u0026rsquo;m really lloking\nforward to that centrepieceā€¦. [rgoudie] pradtf\u0026gt; If I had more time\nduring a week, I might volunteer, but you do a good job. [dyl]\nimvegan\u0026gt; ha! if I did it, rest assured my slip, and my bikini wouldn\u0026rsquo;t\nbe anywhere to be seen.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI assured Dyl that that I could get him the entire script and then had a\ngreat idea:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] dyl\u0026gt; hmmmm ā€¦ perhaps breaca might want to write it up ā€¦\n[dyl] pradtf\u0026gt; NO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! [imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; youare soooo\nbad!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo the subject was mercifully changed by Ray to Marsha coming to\nVancouver in September. However, Ray was not going to be able to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, I was worried for poor Dyl, so I expressed my concern:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] dyl has been awfully quiet recently - after his \u0026ldquo;NO!!!\u0026rdquo;\n[rgoudie] Dylan is happy that everyone has apparently forgotten about\nhis slip up. [imvegan] thanks for reminding us Ray\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut Dyl explained:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[dyl] pradtf\u0026gt; i broke a finger. too many exclamation marks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs Ray and I talked about ferry rides, Ranjana, Michael and Dyl decided\nthey would have to leave, the latter with the comment:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[dyl] pradtf\u0026gt; trepidation describes my feelings well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay and I continued a discussion about the job market and housing, but\nhe had to leave as well, but not before Doug put in a brief appearance\nand we had a few words about the place Kyron wanted to move to - The\nBermuda Triangle!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter which we all naturally disappeared!\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "028-04-09-05", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:45-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:45-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/028-04-09-05/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/028-04-09-05/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA very strange start to the chat with Ray coming in 15 hrs before it\nstarted and talking to himself, then leaving:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] Did I leave my keys in hereā€¦ [rgoudie] No, they\u0026rsquo;re not\nhere.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen David comes 1 hr early, starts talking to himself, then leaves:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[DreamlaX] Yay I registered my name! Not that it really makes a\ndifferenceā€¦ [DreamlaX] I\u0026rsquo;ll be back when everybody will be hereā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, both of them come in 10 minutes early and start talking to each\nother, and stay:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ergoudie enters this room [rgoudie] * rgoudie goes to make a cup of\ntea. DreamlaX enters this room [DreamlaX] Hey, somebody is already\nhere! [rgoudie] Hello!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey talked about the time and then David told Ray that he was writing a\nbook about using Fourier coefficients to describe an interpolated\nsoundwave. This sparked an interesting discussion that went on\nsporadically during the chat. They talked about New Zealand which is\nwhere David is from and apparently one of his friends played an extra in\none of the Lord of the Rings fight scene.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel came in, said hello to both Ray and David, said brb and then\nleft.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta appeared which surprised me because she was supposed to be in\nWashington DC and so she was, but she still found a way to join us.\nSangeeta had gone there to attend some festivities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI appeared and got into the sound compression discussion while Sangeeta\ntook off to eat:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] but alas, i have to go y\u0026rsquo;allā€“ off to a vegan\nbrunchā€¦mmmmm!!! vegan pancakes, french toast and scrambled tofu!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana entered at the tail end of a conversation about New Zealand,\njust in time to hear David say:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[DreamlaX] If I don\u0026rsquo;t respond it\u0026rsquo;s because I\u0026rsquo;ve fallen asleep at the\nkeyboard (again).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eto which Ray replied:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] DreamlaX\u0026gt; If Dylan shows up, you guys can seranade us with\na snoring duet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI asked David about the new female friend he had emailed us about.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] DreamlaX\u0026gt; how\u0026rsquo;s your friend?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe replied:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[DreamlaX] pradtf\u0026gt; Which friend is this?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI tried to remind him:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] DreamlaX\u0026gt; the one you wrote to us about [DreamlaX]\npradtf\u0026gt; Ohhhhh! Right! Gemma? [pradtf] DreamlaX\u0026gt; exactly!\n[DreamlaX] pradtf\u0026gt; She\u0026rsquo;s doing great. Her and I went to have dinner\ntogether. It\u0026rsquo;s amazing how well we get along, since neither of us smoke\nor drink or get up to mischeif etc. [pradtf] DreamlaX\u0026gt; yes it is\nfunny how some people think you have to drink and smoke to have a good\ntime\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana proceeded to tell us about her proposal and Rachel, who had\nreturned recently, told us that her flight had been cancelled due to the\nhurricane and that she was stuck in Florida, not with her relatives\nwhich she wouldn\u0026rsquo;t have minded so much but\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Remora91] pradtf\u0026gt; with my mother sister and father (i\u0026rsquo;d rather be\nalone).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDavid started an interesting commentary on cuisine:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[DreamlaX] pradtf\u0026gt; it\u0026rsquo;s funny how some people think meat makes a good\nmeal! [rgoudie] DreamlaX\u0026gt; So many members of my family believe that\nmeat should be the centerpeice of their meals and everything else is\njust accessory. [pradtf] DreamlaX\u0026gt; it\u0026rsquo;s funnier how people don\u0026rsquo;t\nthink they know what to eat unless there is meat [imvegan] yes ā€¦ that\nmeat thing being central to a meal seems common ā€¦ but i see some change\nthese days as more and more peple are having some veg meals\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana asked David what he was up to:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[DreamlaX] I\u0026rsquo;m not really up to much, to be honestā€¦ I\u0026rsquo;ve got a jobby\nand a hobbyā€¦ I now work at a games arcade. In fact, I got a promotion\nalready after working there only two weeks. Soon I will be trained up to\nservice video games, and service locally, then nationally. I will then\nhave an internationally recognised qualificationā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel left at this point because she wanted to take a shower and was\nconcerned that the hurricane might knock the power out.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael came in and told us about a couple of books he was reading:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Michael] It is called \u0026ldquo;Adventures beyond the body\u0026rdquo; ā€¦ I have started\nan other book by Dan Brown \u0026ldquo;Angels and Demons\u0026rdquo; ā€¦. seems to be a very\nintersting book too\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay was quite intrigued and continued the discussion:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] Michael\u0026gt; Have you read any of Robert Monroe\u0026rsquo;s books? He is\nthe pioneer. [Michael] rgoudie\u0026gt; no, not yet but i have heard about\nhim and Buhlman also mentions him in his book [Michael] rgoudie\u0026gt; Ray,\nwas it you who read the Seth-books or do i mix you up with someone else?\n[rgoudie] Michael\u0026gt; No, that is indeed Iā€¦I often stop off at used\nbookstores and I have found two more Seth books. This excites me since\nthey are out of print. [Michael] rgoudie\u0026gt; Did you like them? I read\nalmost all and am rereading them from time to time ā€¦.i read \u0026ldquo;Seth\nspeaks\u0026rdquo; 4 times and every time it is completely different for me\n[rgoudie] Michael\u0026gt; I love them!!! They help me define my\nunderstanding of reality. To me, it is more like studying advanced\nmetaphysics. [Michael] rgoudie\u0026gt; YES\n!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile this conversation was ensuing, Ray and David were having an\nindepth discussion of how the latter was actually compressing his sound\nfiles. It was actually very interesting, but I still had to contribute:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] too much compression can give one a headache, which is why\nthey use a compress\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhich was thoroughly ignored by everyone.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I mentioned my endearing post on Lawndry which nearly turned into an\nenvironmental debate:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13984\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13984\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand since no one paid much attention to this, I tried to send Lori over\nthere as soon as she arrived, which she was glad to do since the\nhurricane wasn\u0026rsquo;t providing much humour in her life:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[bestofme] im doing ok, i feel like im on house arrest because of this\nhurricane, we just have rain, and not much of that and wind, lots of\nthat [pradtf] just going to ask you whether you got wind of that\nhurricane [bestofme] its going through florida futher up north, like\nthe orlando area, its only a catagory 2 but still bad, its going like 5\nmph, so flooding is more likely\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Ray exploded with:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] ARGH!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I naturally asked:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] rgoudie\u0026gt; is that as acronym you are working on for the\npuzzle forum?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Doug entered so we never got to discuss the possibilities. He was\nexperiencing the hurricane too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[flash] May be kicked off soon. Winds are getting worse. The hurricane\nis here [imvegan] wowā€¦ this sounds serious ā€¦. what protection can you\ntake? [flash] I didn\u0026rsquo;t take much. Should have boarded up some windows.\nI\u0026rsquo;m on the west coast and the hurricane is about 80 miles away and\nhitting us hard now. The east coast is very dangerous ā€¦ Tampa should be\ngetting a lot of wind. I\u0026rsquo;m just less than 25 miles south of Tampa ā€¦ I\u0026rsquo;m\nin a non evacuation zone. I should be okay\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe talked about how houses are built differently depending on the\nenvironmental situation. For instance, Ray said that Japan\nearthquake-proofs their homes, while on Vancouver Island, we don\u0026rsquo;t even\nhave basements.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI mentioned that we are on a fault line so Ray has to say:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] pradtf\u0026gt; It\u0026rsquo;s not your fault.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand then says he has to disappear, but not before I get in:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] with plateitude no doubt\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori had mentioned that she had something to say on a lighter note, but\nwhen she didn\u0026rsquo;t for a long time, I asked her what happened:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[bestofme] pradtf\u0026gt; my lighter note blew away, i don\u0026rsquo;t remember what\nit wasā€¦.lol [pradtf] bestofme\u0026gt; ya i wondered - i thought you\u0026rsquo;d be in\na hurrycane to tell us [bestofme] pradtf\u0026gt; the puns have come blowing\nin\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen I thought of poor Doug:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] if we keep this up, doug might think he\u0026rsquo;d prefer the\nhurricane to our company [bestofme] pradtf\u0026gt; haha [pradtf]\nbestofme\u0026gt; hahaharricane - oh alright that\u0026rsquo;s pushing it i\u0026rsquo;ll admit\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana asked Doug how his diet was doing:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[flash] imvegan\u0026gt; Well, it could be better. Still holding my own.\n[imvegan] flash\u0026gt; good for you [flash] Thanks! Got to be more\nconsistent [imvegan] flash\u0026gt; that will come [flash] I feel though I\nwill never eat meat again! My thinking on the matter is changing. Well,\nthis may sound silly but I was in the book store and got disturbed when\na book had a genuine leather cover and got to thinking I need to be\ncareful in the future. Then I thought about shoes. [pradtf] flash\u0026gt;\nnow that is consciousness raising of the best kind!! when it happens\nwithin yourself [flash] I guess my mind is looking at it all\ndifferently [pradtf] i know the feeling doug - i went through it\nnearly 15 yrs ago\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI mentioned that rapalla7 who had been one of the most vocal anti-AR\nindividuals a year ago had told me that he had boycotted KFC.\nAdditionally:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] he also asked about veg recipes because his doctor told him\nhe\u0026rsquo;d better cut down ā€¦ he is only 30 i think\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Ranjana got hungry and decided to leave telling everyone to take\ncare of themselves, so Doug, who was busying himself trying to figure\nout the smilies told her:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[flash] imvegan\u0026gt; LOL I\u0026rsquo;ll try. Take care of yourself and make sure\nPrad behaves. [flash] \u0026ldquo;0\u0026rdquo; [flash] \u0026ldquo;)\u0026rdquo; [flash] \u0026ldquo;:\u0026rdquo; imvegan exits\nfrom this room [flash] ) [flash] I give up\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI showed Doug how to do at least the happy face and so we were both able\nto leave happy.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "029-04-09-12", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:45-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:45-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/029-04-09-12/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/029-04-09-12/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis was a very short chat, because most people weren\u0026rsquo;t present. It\nstarted off with Breaca and Ranjana forming a mutual admiration society.\nThen they at least stopped long enough to appreciate my puns starting\nhere:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?page=3\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?page=3\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of these were considered so good that bbarr threatened to alert the\nmoderators! However, the best part was that he started making them\nhimself, much to Rachel\u0026rsquo;s chagrin. In fact, the phenomenon seems to be\nhappening all over the site:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=14392\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=14392\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRedHotPun is finally here!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI arrived to learn that the expression \u0026ldquo;cross your fingers\u0026rdquo; can mean\nmore than what I originally thought:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] fingers crossed? [breaca] it means you can say something\nbut undo it later [pradtf] really that\u0026rsquo;s what it means over there? it\nmeans you are unsure of the outcome and are hoping for a favourable one,\nover here [breaca] it means that too [pradtf] i wasn\u0026rsquo;t aware of the\nother meaning. that\u0026rsquo;s interesting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlso, we learned that Breaca is in her first exam year. They have 2 in\nthe UK the first being the GCSE (end of year 11) and after that the A\nlevel (end of year 13).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe talked a bit about courage and being pushed around:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] i am not very big, but quite brave [breaca] * breaca\nblushes from her boasting [pradtf] it is the size of the heart and not\nits container that counts [imvegan] breaca\u0026gt; you certainly are brave ā€¦\nand that isn\u0026rsquo;t boasting ā€¦ it\u0026rsquo;s true [imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; i like that\n[breaca] i like it too\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Breaca told us about her new opponent timebombted, who we actually\nhad the pleasure of talking to a few days ago as a result of some of his\nexcellent posts. He is a very pro-environmental individual.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Breaca reminded me of the past with the painful question:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] you have really known Ranjana since she was 4? were you one\nof her teachers? [pradtf] no she just used to bother me but\nfortunately i am sufficiently dignified to survive it all these years\n[imvegan] he was 10 when I was 4 ā€¦. and I followed him everywhere ā€¦\ndrove him crazy!!!! [pradtf] i used to call her pest - and still do\n[breaca] oh no [imvegan] yes, when he speaks to his parents he\nrefers to me as pest ā€¦. all these years his mother understood him to\nhave said paste\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen there was a bit of a discussion on flirting which is a negative\nthing mostly, though doesn\u0026rsquo;t need to be always so. In fact, there is an\nexcellent example of the positive variety in the musical ShowBoat in the\ndelightful duet Only Make Believe:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.stlyrics.com/lyrics/showboat/makebelieve.htm\"\u003ehttp://www.stlyrics.com/lyrics/showboat/makebelieve.htm\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] with the music it is one of the most beautiful songs written\nimho [breaca] the words are very lovely. i liked the words about \u0026quot; put\nour thoughts in practice\u0026quot; [pradtf] \u0026ldquo;i like the That\u0026rsquo;s just an\nunimportant technicality\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInspired by make believe, no doubt:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] * breaca imagines most anything she chooses, and turns into\na dolphin covered in singing roses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand exited from the room!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel arrived only to say:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] i\u0026rsquo;ll brb. i have to eat something.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen she came back and I was able to tell her about Sangeeta\u0026rsquo;s\nsuccesses:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] she made a lot of money for peta india [remora91] wow\n[pradtf] she made a speech to the jain group out there [imvegan] how\ndid the speech go? [pradtf] and people kept giving her cheques\n[imvegan] remora91\u0026gt; i saw a copy of it - it was awesome [remora91]\ngood. [pradtf] she collected over $600 last night just with that, but\nmore importantly the organization raised $78 000 in their funds and\nthey said a part of that will go to peta india [imvegan] wonderful !!!\ngood job Sangeeta!!! [pradtf] this is a big thing because they have\nnever done it before [remora91] thats great [pradtf] they use all\nthat money to support sanctuaries in india [imvegan] you know Rachel,\nSangeeta is suuuch a powerful speaker [pradtf] but now they will\nsupport peta india who is trying to eliminate the need for sanctuaries\n[pradtf] ya both sangeeta and ranjana manage to fund raise very\neffectively [remora91] cool.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay appeared with:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] Hello. Better late than never, right?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Michael also came in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana apologized to both for all the duplicate messages:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] rgoudie\u0026gt; did my millions of messages keep you away? ā€¦ too\nbusy reading them all I meanā€¦ [rgoudie] imvegan\u0026gt; Well, they were\ntime-consuming to delete. I think it took me five minutes per message.\n[pradtf] rgoudie\u0026gt; you mean you read thru each before deleting them?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Ranjana told Rachel:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] Rachelā€¦ we set Prad loos last night on the forumsā€¦ oh my\ngoodnessā€¦ puns were flying EVERYWHERE !!! [remora91] imvegan\u0026gt; i know!\n\u003cstrong\u003egrowls at prad\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel had made a post complaining that she couldn\u0026rsquo;t believe I had\nbrought the puns on to the forums:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] remora91\u0026gt; i rec\u0026rsquo;d your post LOL [remora91] lol [pradtf]\nremora91\u0026gt; it was quite something to have bbarr join in [rgoudie]\nimvegan\u0026gt; Was anyone hit in the head by flying puns? [remora91]\npradtf\u0026gt; reallyā€¦ i swear you kill me sometimes. [Michael] my belly\nmuscles were very stressed by all the puns [imvegan] did you folks see\nthem all? [rgoudie] imvegan\u0026gt; No, I haven\u0026rsquo;t been following most of the\nthreads on the forums. I don\u0026rsquo;t enjoy the forums anymore. However, make\npun of everyone that takes themsleves too serioulsy sounds like an\nEXCELLENT idea!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel asked if I was in the sheeppack:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] remora91\u0026gt; me!!! in the sheeppack?????? do i ever act like\nit? i don\u0026rsquo;t know where people got this idea that i am nicey nicey. i\nthink i\u0026rsquo;ve put enough noses out of joint to prove it. [remora91]\npradtf\u0026gt; lol. i wonder whereā€¦ [rgoudie] pradtf\u0026gt; Your posts are\nconsistently good-natured in spite of the abusiveness of the person that\nyou are arguing with. I think that this fact may have something to do\nwith it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs I tried to defend my position the discussion took a new turn:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] ya where do these people get this ridiculous idea [imvegan]\nPrad has a lot of bluster ā€¦ā€¦ but he is a fluffball at heartā€¦\n[remora91] pradtf\u0026gt; yes, you are so mean and rude and vicious in the\nforums \u003cstrong\u003einsert sarcasm here\u003c/strong\u003e [pradtf] imvegan\u0026gt; fluffball!!!!!!!!!\nyou seem to forget how terrified my students used to be!!! [imvegan]\npradtf\u0026gt; yesā€¦ I saw them laughing ā€¦. [pradtf] imvegan\u0026gt; they were\ntrying to laugh because they were afraid [imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; yesā€¦\nafraid their sides would split ā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel came to protect me from this slander:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] pradtf\u0026gt; maybe you should be the leader of the pack of\nvicious veggies. pradtf] remora91\u0026gt; there\u0026rsquo;s an idea [rgoudie]\nremora91\u0026gt; Yeas, let\u0026rsquo;s start our own pack that makes fun of any poster\ntaking themselves too seriously. The weapon of choice for members of the\nVicious Veggies pack will be the razor-sharp pun. Our shields will be\nour indestructible sense of humour. [imvegan] our flurry/slurry of\npuns will leave veryonespeechless! [rgoudie] imvegan\u0026gt; Yes, this will\nbe the goal. Any thread that takes itself too seriously will be subject\nto sever PUNishment. We will leave them laughing in the aisles.\n[imvegan] rgoudie\u0026gt; yes!!!! and we\u0026rsquo;ll take no prisoners!! [rgoudie]\nOnward, fair Vicious Veggies!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith that flourish, Ray exited the chatroom, no doubt determined to put\nhis new role into practice!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd inspired by Ray, we all left as well!\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "030-Conclusion", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:45-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:45-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/030-conclusion/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/030-conclusion/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eIf you have managed to read through all the Veggiechess SatChats, you\nnow know many things.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou know the various members of the clan and something of their\npersonalities. You know about veganism and animal rights. You know about\nmusic, art, technology, extra-sensory perception, smoothies and may be\neven some chess. You know about puns. You also know why the SatChats\nremained so even after they were changed from Saturday to Sunday.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou may even now know what brought a group of people from all over the\nworld together for hours week after week. Some of us are still trying to\nfigure that one out.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "007-04-04-10", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/007-04-04-10/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/007-04-04-10/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eSo this was our strangest chat. First of all it wasn\u0026rsquo;t the SatChat, but\nwas supposed to be the SunChat. However, since I can\u0026rsquo;t change the\nheading what we have to do is come up with another reason for calling it\nthe SatChat. I thought we could still call it that by pointing out that\nwe all \u0026lsquo;sit\u0026rsquo; during the chat and thence we have \u0026lsquo;sat\u0026rsquo; and therefore\n\u0026lsquo;SatChat\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI am open to other ideas, but this issue really must be cleared up as\nfast as possible as you will see in the next paragraph!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo what happened? Well to start with, Ranjana, Sangeeta, Rachel (now\nRemora91) and even Prad show up on Saturday at different times! Then\nSunday rolls around and Andrew arrives just in time to say that he is\ntoo early! After he leaves, Sangeeta also shows up too early and starts\nto meditate under the auspicies of Fjord\u0026rsquo;s nice chatroom paint job! Then\nRanjana shows up too early as well, but Sangeeta says \u0026ldquo;hahaha! i see\nyou!\u0026rdquo; and finally contact is made!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy the time I arrived, there was nothing I could do about it and so I\nhad to talk to Sangeeta and Ranjana, however, even that didn\u0026rsquo;t work out\nbecause Ranjana left for a while.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo Sangeeta was writing a zen story about washing floors for her profile\nat another website and it turned out really well so I encourage you to\ntake a look here:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.myspace.com/2981049.usr\"\u003ehttp://www.myspace.com/2981049.usr\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo not be disturbed that she appears to be 2 years older there than she\ndoes on our family page, because she filled all this out when she was in\nBoston after going there from Philadelphia where she was at a movie\nshoot. In that, she plays the part of a 15 year old student (well she is\nin charge of the project, so I suppose she can play whatever part she\nwants to), so I totally understand if you get confused. The project (a\nhumane educational video for schools) , however, is progressing\nmagnificently from what I have heard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta offered to help me write the SatChat this week, but we couldn\u0026rsquo;t\nfigure out when she would have time to do so since she was hectically\njetsetting between Norfolk, Boston and Philadelphia over the next few\ndays. So we thought we would write it during this chat! This is a very\ninteresting recursive idea rather reminiscent of Escher\u0026rsquo;s drawings. If\nyou are unfamiliar with these you can go here:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.worldofescher.com/cgi-bin/ag\"\u003ehttp://www.worldofescher.com/cgi-bin/ag\u003c/a\u003e Ć¢Ā€Å  mp;which=0\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand take a look at some of his fascinating stuff!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, we never got around to doing this because we were interested in\nreading the posts in the it\u0026rsquo;s my god becauseā€¦ thread:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=9936\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=9936\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta has a beautiful post there as does our other Ray (Redlentils).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo after that Sangeeta left to see the Einstein exhibit at the Boston\nmuseum.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI left as well, but then Andrew shows up 49 seconds later to say\n\u0026lsquo;hello?\u0026rsquo; followed by \u0026lsquo;rats!\u0026rsquo; and left so, even though Ranjana and I\ncalled desparately after him, he could not be recovered.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou think this is the end of it don\u0026rsquo;t you? It isn\u0026rsquo;t!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI left the chatroom, but Ranjana hung around for another 20 minutes\nhoping Andrew would return, but he didn\u0026rsquo;t so she left.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou think this really has to be the end of it don\u0026rsquo;t you? It isn\u0026rsquo;t!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMiraculously, 18 minutes 23 seconds after Ranjana vacated, who do you\nthink entered the empty chatroom? You are right! Andrew returns to say\n\u0026lsquo;double rats!\u0026rsquo; and then leaves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow you are certain that it is all over! It isn\u0026rsquo;t!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnbelievably, 8 hours 16 minutes 34 seconds after Andrew has departed,\nRay (rgoudie) comes to the chatroom and says absolutely nothing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow it just has to be over! It isn\u0026rsquo;t!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncredibly, 2 days after the chat should have ended, I entered the\nchatroom to write all this up! And for your information, I am still in\nhere as I conclude this final sentence!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eposted by rgoudie: I did attempt to leave a message, but it did not\nappear. I even tried /last 400, but this did not work either. I suspect\nsomething to do with Netscape, which I have been using since Thursday.\n-Ray from prad: it may have been a browser problem ray. i just copied\nand pasted that command and it works fine as far as i can tell.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "008-04-04-17", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/008-04-04-17/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/008-04-04-17/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAnd so this SatChat started before it really started, with Ray showing\nup at least one day early just to say \u0026ldquo;A big hello to everyone\u0026rdquo; with an\nenormous smiley face because he knew there was no one in the room!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs if inspired by Ray\u0026rsquo;s conspiracy, Andrew showed up one hour early and\nleft several vibes, he says because he might not be able to come back,\nbut since he did come back, one has to wonder what his real motivations\nwere!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo less conspicuously, Kyron has the nerve to appear 11 minutes early,\nto say that he will return, and thereupon exit!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, Rachel shows up only 32 seconds late and poor thing she has to\nsit around all by herself since Kyron, Andrew and Ray had all left, till\nSangeeta appears 7 minutes later. They discussed Rachel\u0026rsquo;s dog as well as\nthe high quality of Rachel\u0026rsquo;s recent posts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Ranjana enters and Rachel asks Sangeeta if she is my daughter and\nRanjana says no and so does Sangeeta. So this did not come as a surprise\nto me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter I entered, the conversation turned to people\u0026rsquo;s intelligence and\nhow this particular quality should not be a basis for judgement. Ranjana\ncommented that we view intelligence in a very narrow way ignoring that\nshown by not only people, but also animals. Andrew appeared at this\nmoment and joined in this most interesting conversation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is sometimes mistakenly thought that brain size is the sole\ndeterminator for intelligence, which of course is by no means the whole\nstory. It is also commonly mistaken that animals also don\u0026rsquo;t have\nemotions. As Andrew pointed out, \u0026ldquo;Anyone who has had a dog, knows\nanimals have emotions\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePart of the problem is that some people, certain scientists in\nparticular, do not acknowledge animal emotions even without exploring\nthe validity of their viewpoint. Sangeeta suggested an excellent book\ndealing with the recognition of animal emotions by Masson entitled When\nElephants Weep.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta made a good point that people will hopefully grant animals\nrights. However, it is interesting to note the deontologic perspective\nthat bbarr laid out in the RHP forums that animals already have rights\nregardless of whether people grant these. If anyone is interested in\nthese arguments, just let me know and I\u0026rsquo;ll get a hold of them again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori appeared and after some minor adjustments to her color settings was\nintroduced to Rachel as one of the group that saved Bacon/Daisy. Rachel\nmentioned that her dog was named Daisy and that she was a evil dog. I\ncommented how evil our dogs were and that I had contemplated trading\nthem in for furbies and that got Ranjana after me even though I pointed\nout that she spoils them and they take it out on me!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFortunately, Lori talked about her parrot who sits on her shoulder which\nreminded me of Pericles who always stayed on mine.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay entered but couldn\u0026rsquo;t say anything since he was having a lot of\ntrouble with his browser interfacing with our chatroom.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI thanked Lori for her contribution to the Canada\u0026rsquo;s disgrace (seal hunt)\nthread and told her she may be interested in what was happening in the\nSociety and Gender thread and before I knew it, she had contributed a\nmost thoughtful and intelligent post there.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, Ray had successfully solved his browser problems and\nsurprised us by revealing that it was actually sunny and mild in\nMontreal (claiming that he had placed his order for good weather early)!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo as soon as Kyron learnt that Ray was in the room, he rushed in too\nand the two asked each other how their Linux was!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori, Sangeeta and I had a discussion on the formation of Animal Rights\ngroups within schools. SOAR is doing fine Lori reported and apparently\nhas a new member!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord and Orin then appeared and we were much surprised to see that they\nhad both aged since our last encounter: Orin by one year and Fjord\nmiraculously by 34! Orin told us about his chess and his favorite Lord\nof the Ring characters, while Fjord spent most of his effort trying to\nexplain that he really wasn\u0026rsquo;t 99, yet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, Ray and Kyron were engaged in a discussion about\nteleportation and two of Ray\u0026rsquo;s cats, not that there was any connection\nat all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe talked a bit about meat eaters and how though some of them are\nadamantly opposed to animal cruelty they still do not see the connection\nto their plate. Ray made a most profound comment regarding this:\n\u0026ldquo;Seriously, most modern carnivores do not understand that their meat\ndoes not come from a hunter that took one individual out of the wild.\nThey seemingly refuse to understand that their meat comes from a species\nof animal that is being held hostage and treated like dirt.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael appeared and started talking to Orin, while Kyron disappeared\nbecause the rabbits wanted his attention. Then Kyron reappeared and we\ntalked about bunnies for a bit and how some of them can even drive away\ncats!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Gary entered as usual with his double identity neither of which\nsaid anything for the longest time. Meanwhile, Rachel came back.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Ray private messaged me wanting to know Kyron\u0026rsquo;s hedgehog\u0026rsquo;s name so\nhe could appear to guess the name. I thought this was a clever thing to\ndo, but instead of private messaging him back, I brilliantly direct\nmessaged him the information in full view of everyone. Fortunately,\nKyron did not see this, so Ray was able to follow through with his plan.\nAs he proceeded to dramatize his psychic determination of the hedgehog\u0026rsquo;s\nname, Kyron began to use a process of elimination to figure out who had\ntold Ray. Eventually, he narrowed it down to Ranjana or myself (since\nSangeeta had left and Breaca wasn\u0026rsquo;t at the chat). Since Ranjana had gone\ndownstairs to get ready for her fundraising recital, I was caught as the\nguilty party. I suppose my only consolation was that my inadvertant\nrevelations had been spotted only by Ray.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome people left, but I can\u0026rsquo;t recall who. However, we learnt that Gary,\nwho had found his voice and identity by now, had done mechanical\nengineering at university and that he was also working on a novel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel suddenly asked Michael what his favorite food was and that got\nMichael thinking about eating. Suddenly, she noticed Sangeeta had left\ntoo, but I didn\u0026rsquo;t know where. Then Ray said he was being forced to go\nshopping so he was taken away.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat pretty well left Rachel, Gary and myself because Lori also left for\na while. The three of us had a very interesting exchange with Rachel\ninquiring about Gary\u0026rsquo;s good fortune at being 25, Gary and I wondering\nabout what influence language had on the thought process, and both of us\ntrying to encourage Rachel to not be so miserable about where she was\nliving and the fact she was only 12. It culminated with Rachel posting a\nvery angry, red emoticon after which she said she felt much better.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori had in the meantime returned from talking to her godmother who\nopposes Lori\u0026rsquo;s being vegetarian. It can be difficult for vegetarians\nsometimes to deal with the lack of understanding that others have for\nthem and their beliefs. However, consistency and commitment often do pay\noff and sometimes one will be surprised how the strongest opponents\nbecome the staunchest allies!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori and Rachel left at this point and Gary figured he should get back\nto work. I was about to clear the chatroom leaving it completely empty\nwhen who should suddenly appear but Kirksey! We talked about the state\nof the forums for a bit and how rudeness seems to be so prevalent on RHP\nsometimes. Then Kirksey wondered about getting a new computer, though he\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t want to try Linux. After suggesting that he consider even a used\nmachine, we both figured we had better get on with the spring day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd reminiscent of last week\u0026rsquo;s chat, 43 minutes after we left, Lori\ncomes back to the chatroom only to find that there was no one there. I\nunderstand just how she felt, because I am here now more than 9 hrs\nafter she left, all alone, as I finish this week\u0026rsquo;s summary.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "009-04-04-25", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/009-04-04-25/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/009-04-04-25/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWell, I really don\u0026rsquo;t know how to tell you how this week\u0026rsquo;s chat started\nbecause I wasn\u0026rsquo;t there. But Kirksey was. Unfortunately, he isn\u0026rsquo;t here to\ntell you, so I\u0026rsquo;ll just have to reconstruct it as best I can.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo Kirksey enters the room all by himself and waits around for a whole\n59 seconds before Ranjana shows up thinking it is Rachel. Naturally,\nthis surprised Kirksey so much that he was speechless for several\nminutes and Ranjana thought that Rachel wasn\u0026rsquo;t even there. Well, that\u0026rsquo;s\ntrue isn\u0026rsquo;t it, because Rachel really wasn\u0026rsquo;t there (she was visiting\nfriends), and it was really Kirksey who eventually informed Ranjana that\nhe had gotten some soup out of the microwave. Ok so far so good.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow for some reason, Ranjana thinks that Kirksey said he got his soup\nout of the universe. Please don\u0026rsquo;t ask me. I haven\u0026rsquo;t a clue! Kirksey was\ndoing his best to adjust to the confusion Ranjana initiated, but was\nimmediately assailed by a barrage of questions which he was barely able\nto answer!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFortunately, he was saved in the middle of having to deal with this,\nbecause Breaca and Sangeeta entered, though not in that order. Sangeeta\nsaid hi to everyone, but Breaca felt she had to giggle and wave.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKirksey then congratulated Breaca on being part of the Charlie\u0026rsquo;s Angels\nclan at which she said she felt nervous and it had nothing to do with\nthe fact that I appeared just then. Poor Breaca was concerned whether it\nwas ok to be part of another clan. I assured her that it was and that I\nhad even told Zoe (the clan captain) that I was glad she had someone as\nwonderful as Breaca in there. Ranjana told her that she always knew\nBreaca was an angel and I pointed out to Breaca that now, she had wings\nto match her Pegasus!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca told us that she wished she were older (though she had to add not\nas old as prad), because then she would be allowed to post on the\nforums. I told her that it was just as well because there were some very\nunscrupulous posters around like Kirksey, who had just recently\ndecimated poor rwingett from the FreeThinkers clan. Breaca immediately\nwent to Kirksey\u0026rsquo;s defense saying that he was so nice. Kirksey took full\nadvantage of this injection of sympathy to claim that I was just as\nguilty of goading the hapless rwingett and Ranjana, of course, just had\nto back him up on that too. Well, what could I do but give in to such\noverwhelming numbers - after all, this is a democracy! It is true, I\nhave to admit! Kirksey and I worked flawlessly together, bringing the\nunfortunate rwingett nearly to tears, but it was really for his own good\nas you will see right here:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=10252\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=10252\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn fact, Kirksey has changed the Apostles\u0026rsquo; motto after all this to\n\u0026ldquo;survival of the wittiest\u0026rdquo;, which is delightfully reminiscent of the one\nthe FreeThinkers pride themselves on using \u0026ldquo;survival of the fittest\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe forums are really in better shape now than they have been for quite\na while. Unfortunately, the moderators only hide posts. Breaca suggested\nthat they might just ban violators and my feeling is that if they did\nthat even only for a couple of weeks at a time, things would be cleaned\nup very quickly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt this point, Breaca said her long suffering father wanted to use the\ncomputer so we invited him to the chat. He appeared and awarded us all a\nmedal of patience, which caused Breaca to blush and promptly disappear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGary showed up at this very moment as a single entity for the first\ntime, but all he could say to Sangeeta was \u0026ldquo;hey prad! How\u0026rsquo;s things?\u0026rdquo;.\nWell neither Sangeeta nor I really knew what to say to him and so we\nwere left nearly speechless. Gary recognized the error of his ways asked\nfor forgiveness, but instead we pointed out to him that we were both\ndragons! This confused him further and he tried to talk to Kirksey, so\nwe told him that Kyron and Breaca were both serpents! Now really\nworried, he tried to communicate with Ranjana, but to no avail, because\nshe exited the chatroom. We continued with Ranjana being a dog and\nMichael being a rabbit. I don\u0026rsquo;t know what was going through Gary\u0026rsquo;s head,\nbecause out of sheer desparation he told us that he was \u0026ldquo;blundering\nabout in the darkness with little or no idea what is going on..\u0026rdquo;, so we\nexplained that these were the creatures we were linked to in the Chinese\ncalendar. As it turned out, Kirksey is a very handsome rooster, while\nGary himself has wound up being a horse with uncommon sense!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd who should appear just then, but another dragon in the form of Ray!\nKyron who had been wandering in and out of the chatroom several times\nhappened to be out at this moment and so wasn\u0026rsquo;t able to talk Linux with\nRay, till he wandered back in, at which time he did. So Ray started\ntalking to Sangeeta just as Lori showed up. Sangeeta was able to tell\nboth of them about her talk to a school assembly involving 400 kids\nfollowed by 8 panel discussions afterwards! The event was a tremendous\nsuccess and several students resolved to goVeg afterwards upon learning\nabout the plight of animals as well as the dangers that consumption of\nanimal proteins present.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe learned that Lori is a painter specializing in sky and flowers. I was\nintrigued at what would make her do that and received this answer,\npoetic in its simplicity: \u0026ldquo;I guess, I just think that they are too\nbeautiful not to enjoy.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo Kyron came in, and Kirksey took off to do the laundry, just in time\nto hear Gary telling Lori about the potential attack he survived from a\nladybug. Lori kept her cool and just told him to call poison control.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori also told us that they did AR tabling for Earth Day and generally\npeople were quite receptive. Everyone seems to love stickers - Lori\nfeels it must have something to do with the glue! However, one student\ntook a sticker and ripped it up right in front of her! I have a feeling\nthis extraordinarily mature individual will soon be the proud recipient\nof numerous PETA stickers!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron left the chatroom just then because he crashed his browser, but\nthen decided to leave the room too. He did come back at some point, but\nI have lost track when and where. It worked out fine because Ray had\nleft too for his own reasons, but he came back shortly to announce that\nhe was back. Possibly inspired by what Ray was going to say, Lori\nannounced that she was going to leave in order to change rabbit\nlitterbins.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana, despite her interest in any thing communicative, chose to\nchange the subject and ask Ray about Marsha. Then followed a very\nstrange exchange in which Ray told her that Marsha was waving at him\nwith wet hands, while washing her hair, which Ranjana thought was very\nnice, but Ray couldn\u0026rsquo;t understand why, but eventually did, but I\ncertainly didn\u0026rsquo;t and still don\u0026rsquo;t, so if you do, please don\u0026rsquo;t try to\nexplain it to me, because I have lost track of the meaning of this\nsentence, let alone what the original exchange was really all about.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow while everyone was trying to decipher this cryptography, I was\npointing out what a great thread was developing as a result of Dissident\nDan\u0026rsquo;s Animal Rights/Animal Liberation post. In it we should be able to\nactually look at the philosophies that form the foundations to animal\nrights:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=10283\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=10283\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis got Ray to mention that he wished we had a better system for\ntracking posts on RHP. Possibly, if there were a way to flag the threads\nof interest, it would be easier to find them in the future. This is an\nexcellent idea and may be worth suggesting to Russ, considering the\nexcellent quality of some of the posts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana suddenly suggested that we had all put Michael to sleep, but\nMichael immediately denied that fact and thus simultaneously verified\nthe truth of his denial.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori returned wondering what she had missed and we talked a bit about\nDissident Dan who some of us had encountered on the physics forums where\nhe had impressed us with his excellent posts. Lori thought he was very\nintelligent for his age, and I concurred in that he was really getting\non in years since he was already in his early twenties. It turns out\nthat Sangeeta met with him when she was in Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI disappeared for a while at this point to solve an important problem\nwith Sangeeta, but some of the others took advantage of my absence to do\nstrange things. For instance, Ranjana told everyone that I had gone to\nsolve an important problem with Sangeeta, but that she herself was still\nhere. This strange statement of hers, generated an even stranger\nresponse from Ray: \u0026ldquo;\u003cstrong\u003esnort\u003c/strong\u003e Huh? Wha\u0026rsquo;? No, I was, um, praying. Yeah,\nthat ā€¦ is what I was doing.\u0026rdquo; Lori responded to this by saying she was\nglad to know that someone else was alive, but we don\u0026rsquo;t really know who\nshe was referring to. If Andrew hadn\u0026rsquo;t fortunately shown up just then,\nwho knows what those three would have continued!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnyway, Lori took off at this point with a suspiciously French sounding\n\u0026lsquo;au revoir\u0026rsquo; as Andrew told Ranjana that he\u0026rsquo;s been on the road visiting\nhospitals. He soon had to leave, but Ray and Ranjana had gotten down to\ndoing some serious talking finally, this time regarding irritating\ntennants. Ray has some who are fortunately leaving. Michael took this\nopportunity to talk about his difficulties trying to sell his car in\nAustria which apparently took more than half a year because people who\nmade the appointments to see it didn\u0026rsquo;t show up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI, fortunately, returned just in time to hear the diabolical plot Gary\nand Ray were scheming. It was their intention to introduce a continuous\nstream of topics into the chat next week to keep me busy writing the\nsummary: \u0026ldquo;football, rugby, macrame, nuclear proliferation, organic\nfarming, geo-social politics, irrigation methods in sub-saharan\nclimates, correct use of the word \u0026rsquo;the\u0026rsquo; in the English language.\u0026rdquo; They\nwisely chose to forgo their plan when I resolved to copy and paste the\nentire chat session into the SatChat forum!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn fact, it was too much for Ray to handle and he left uttering another\nsuspiciously French sounding phrase even incorporating Lori\u0026rsquo;s \u0026lsquo;au\nrevoir\u0026rsquo; to which he deftly added a \u0026rsquo;la semaine prochaine\u0026rsquo;. Gary was\nobviously impressed so he expressed his multilingual approval with \u0026lsquo;a\nbientot\u0026rsquo; as Ray left. Now that was decent of him to call Ray a good\nyoung child for his efforts, since as everyone knows \u0026rsquo;tot\u0026rsquo; is English\nfor \u0026lsquo;young child\u0026rsquo; and \u0026lsquo;bien\u0026rsquo; is French for \u0026lsquo;good\u0026rsquo; and \u0026lsquo;a\u0026rsquo; has a good\nchance of being an \u0026lsquo;a\u0026rsquo; regardless of the language, right?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI had an understandably short talk with Gary regarding abbreviations in\nwhich he wondered why the word abbreviations was so long. Gary in\naddition to his numerous talents, not the least of which is making\nastute observations, is starring in a movie too! However, he soon\nstarted talking about balsamic vinegar and salads, which proved to be\ntoo much for Ranjana and Michael both of whom promptly took off thinking\nabout food.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGary and I discussed the possibility of starting a \u0026rsquo;thought and\nlanguage\u0026rsquo; thread along the lines of our earlier discussions, but then he\nhad to leave too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo there I was all alone in the chatroom and just about to leave, when\nwho should suddenly appear, but Dyl! Well, it wasn\u0026rsquo;t quite as simple as\nthat, because Dyl didn\u0026rsquo;t say anything for the longest time. In fact, I\nwas starting to think I was imagining all this, that I was dylerious!\nBut then he spoke and Ranjana came back to greet him. Dyl told us that\nit was 4am and that he had managed to be a bit late, but we told him not\nto be concerned since he had missed the chat start time by only 3\nhours - he was just a bit dylayed. However, when Ranjana concluded that\ntime is for the birds after all, I had to ask her if she said that,\nbecause time flies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow Dyl was starting to get a little concerned and started talking about\nhis ski vacation, so I had to point out that he had skidaddled. Ranjana\ngot very concerned for Dyl at this point and told me to stop it, but Dyl\nwent on to tell us about the exciting things they had done on vacation\nlike put a hole in the wall of the place they were staying at. They\nfixed it all up though, so Ranjana had to say something like \u0026ldquo;all\u0026rsquo;s well\nthat ends well\u0026rdquo; which meant that I had to say something like \u0026ldquo;i think\nyou mean all\u0026rsquo;s wall that\u0026rsquo;s done wall\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis last one seemed to generate the following curiousity from Dyl:\n\u0026ldquo;you\u0026rsquo;ve finally done it prad, my sense of humour just packed its bags\nand left\u0026rdquo;. And Ranjana seemed very moved by it too since she said to\nDyl: \u0026ldquo;i wish i could do that .. but I live with him.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNevertheless, I showed my concern, since I knew it was very late for\nDyl, with: \u0026ldquo;did the wall pun floor you?\u0026rdquo;, which generated an even\ngreater curiousity from him: \u0026ldquo;urrrrhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh\u0026rdquo;. It\nis possible his keyboard was getting sticky.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe started talking about eggless omelettes and I offered to put a recipe\non our website. I didn\u0026rsquo;t know if Dyl thought I meant it, so I told him I\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t yolking or eggagerating either. At this moment, Dyl made the\nfollowing heavenly comment: \u0026ldquo;oh dear god, he doesn\u0026rsquo;t stop!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana agreed with Dyl, saying that I \u0026ldquo;always go to such eggstremes!\u0026rdquo; I\ntold her we all deserved \u0026ldquo;a standing ovulation\u0026rdquo;, while Dyl pointed out\nthat \u0026ldquo;it\u0026rsquo;s just one pun after the nest\u0026rdquo;. Seeing that we all understood\nwhat had happened, I reassured both of them that \u0026quot; it isn\u0026rsquo;t too bird\nonce you get into it\u0026quot; while Ranjana agreed by saying that \u0026ldquo;we\u0026rsquo;ll just\nkeep winging it\u0026rdquo;, after which, feeling she had made her contribution,\nshe said good bye.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl and I talked on a bit about chessboards, since he was keen on buying\na high quality one and I suggested one from Franklin Mint:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.franklinmint.com/Product1.as\"\u003ehttp://www.franklinmint.com/Product1.as\u003c/a\u003e Ć¢Ā€Å  D=112\u0026amp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA chess set\u0026rsquo;s beauty lingers even when the game is not being played!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe talked a bit more about chess, but then we both left.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo nearly 3 hours later, Lori returns to the chatroom only to realize\nthat she hasn\u0026rsquo;t met Dyl before and says: \u0026ldquo;hmm, I\u0026rsquo;m going to read the\nsummary and hopefully find out who this mystery person is..\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA couple of hours after that I start figuring out this summary, but\nforget to exit when dinner time rolls around. So when I return, I find\nout that while I am downstairs eating, Ray comes back and sees that I am\nstill \u0026lsquo;in\u0026rsquo; the chatroom, but not answering. I hope you didn\u0026rsquo;t think I\nwas being rude, Ray - it is just as well i didn\u0026rsquo;t talk with my mouth\nfull!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePosted: Mon Apr 26, 2004 12:56 pm That summery was most entertaining!!\nThe whole egg/chicken joke sincorperated with those sentense we\u0026rsquo;re\n\u0026lsquo;cracking\u0026rsquo; me up!! LMAO! Very Happy haha! Razz But my question still\nstands, whos Dyl?? lol Confused\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "010-04-05-02", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/010-04-05-02/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/010-04-05-02/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis SatChat saw us discussing some serious issues thanks to them being\ninitiated by Rachel. I will summarize the main ideas behind these.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first had to do with a CBS news presentation which apparently talked\nabout someone murdering some people at a slaughterhouse and this was\nsomehow linked with PETA. According to Rachel they said:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026quot; It said PETA went to far. It happened several years ago. PETA isn\u0026rsquo;t\nreally saying anything but, \u0026ldquo;Meat\u0026rsquo;s not treat for those you eat!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo Kyron, Dyl and Michael searched the net for this story and were\nunable to find anything. Rachel suggested that perhaps someone was\ntrying to frame PETA. This idea wouldn\u0026rsquo;t surprise me at all, because\nsome groups who oppose PETA\u0026rsquo;s work do try to fabricate links that don\u0026rsquo;t\nexist. There certainly wasn\u0026rsquo;t the slightest evidence that PETA was\nconnected in any way at all to the murders, but because PETA is an\nanimal rights organization, there was apparently an attempt to implicate\nthem in some way, however remote, however bizzare.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI recall a similar incident in November 2003, when I found out on an RHP\nthread that there was a news station that was saying PETA was\ndistributing anti-fur pamplets to young children. I investigated these\naccusations both through PETA and independently and found that the news\nstation was deliberately circulating false information: the pamplets\ndistribution hadn\u0026rsquo;t even started. The news station acquired information\nabout the pamplets from the PETA website and had decided to \u0026lsquo;create\u0026rsquo;\nthis false story about what PETA was going to do with them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePETA does engage in sensational campaigns drawing attention to the\ncruelty inflicted upon animals, but it seems that they are often\nfar-outdone by those who utilize misinfomation, misrepresentations, as\nwell as outright lies to defame the organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe second issue was a question of ethics: would you kill to defend\nyourself?\u0026quot; This, of course, is a standard question that has been\ndiscussed for centuries by philosophers. What was interesting in our\nlittle exchange was that while we all agreed that killing was a last\nresort after all other routes had been exhausted, the \u0026lsquo;proximity\u0026rsquo; of the\nattacker with respect to ourselves may well affect our final decision.\nFor instance, if the individual were our best friend, it was suggested\nthat we may actually sacrifice ourself rather than take the other\nperson\u0026rsquo;s life. However, Dyl made the rather excellent observation that\nif the person was trying to kill you, then you may wish to reconsider\nthat person\u0026rsquo;s status as your best friend. It brings to mind the adage\n\u0026lsquo;with friends like that, who needs enemies\u0026rsquo;!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother problem with these scenarios that Ranjana pointed out is that\nthey are untenably hypothetical and hence it is difficult to really say\nwhat you are going to do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA favorite example of this sort of hypothetical situation was\nillustrated during an interview with singer and humanitarian Joan Baez.\nShe was apparently asked what she would do if she was driving on a\nmountain road and as she turned a bend, a child and a dog were on the\nroad - who would she choose to save. The conversation went something\nlike this: \u0026ldquo;I would hit neither, but hit the brakes.\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;No, you are\ntravelling too fast to stop so you have to hit one of them,\u0026rdquo; came the\ndemand. \u0026ldquo;Well, I\u0026rsquo;d swerve off the road on to the soft shoulder.\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;No,\nyou can\u0026rsquo;t do that either because there is no soft shoulder there is only\na steep cliff.\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;Ok, in that case, I\u0026rsquo;d drive off the cliff.\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;No you\ncan\u0026rsquo;t do that either, you have to kill either the dog or the child.\u0026rdquo;\n\u0026ldquo;You won\u0026rsquo;t let me use the brakes, drive off the road and now you won\u0026rsquo;t\neven let me kill myself! So if you are deciding everything for me, then\nwhy do you even bother asking me?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the real difficulty with this sort of exercise. If you restrict\nthe possibilities, then you close your mind to the solutions too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe third issue dealt with how our language stereotypes people. It was\nan interesting discussion because what people don\u0026rsquo;t often acknowledge is\nthat by using terms in a derogatory way, even in jest, they are\npropagating the denigration of a person or a group. Dyl produced an\ntypical example in which the word \u0026lsquo;gay\u0026rsquo; (in the sexual sense) was being\nsubstituted for the word \u0026lsquo;bad\u0026rsquo;. So people were saying \u0026ldquo;You\u0026rsquo;re gay.\u0026rdquo; or\n\u0026ldquo;I had a gay day.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough this sort of thing may appear superficially harmless, even to\nsome gays, it\u0026rsquo;s underlying implications are very serious. What happens\nis that it becomes an accepted expression with all its derogatory\nnuances. It is intended as a putdown of the individual to whom it is\ndirected and simultaneously it scars the group to which it refers.\nPeople who scoff at this sort of thing as being ridiculously\n\u0026lsquo;politically correct\u0026rsquo;, ought to consider how many expressions are\nroutinely used to degrade women, blacks, minorities, animals and other\n\u0026rsquo;non-mainstreamers\u0026rsquo;. This is certainly a component through which the\ntyranny of status quo is maintained.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow, I will bring everyone uptodate on what was happening during the\nabove discussions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta was in Reno, Nevada trying to get online, but was unable to do\nso in time because she had to visit Lake Tahoe. She actually made it\ninto the chat for a few minutes, but had to leave because her computer\nmalfunctioned. Apparently, she had a virus that had to be erased. Ray\ndropped by and started the usual Linux conversation with Kyron, but\nRachel, while she was present, asked what Linux was and received a\nbarrage of answers none of which were particularly helpful, from what I\nrecall.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana started making errors in typing, so she typed corrections\nimmediately afterwards adding to the confusion, because her corrections\nusually needed corrections.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel asked Dyl for his age and was very surprised to learn that he was\n21, because Kirksey had told her that Dyl talked like he was 50! I\nsuggested that Dyl appeared to be 50 because what he says is usually so\nwise. This comment pleased that wise individual so much dylight that he\nimmediately offered me some brownie points. Then he thought about the\nwhole idea and wasn\u0026rsquo;t so sure about being 50 and even reconsidered the\nbrownie points.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe got to talking about Monty Python, but I managed to irritate both Dyl\nand Ranjana when I proclaimed that I didn\u0026rsquo;t really like them much. Well,\nthat was too much for Dyl and he was about to take the brownie points\nback, but I managed to appease him considerably by pointing out that we\nstill keep a video of a clip from their \u0026ldquo;The Meaning of Life\u0026rdquo; in which\nthese wonderful words run:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;And pray that there\u0026rsquo;s intelligent life somewhere out in space, cause\nthere\u0026rsquo;s bugger all down here on earth\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThroughout all this, Rachel was wondering what brownie points were, but\nRay left early saying that he had errands to run, but I think it was\nbecause he was thinking about brownies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe talked a bit about the chessboard Dyl was going to buy. He had found\nanother beautiful one:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.houseofstaunton.com/HOS/WindsorBN2Vin.html\"\u003ehttp://www.houseofstaunton.com/HOS/WindsorBN2Vin.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl also told us, he had an Egyptian set with metal pieces which he will\nshow us pictures of later.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI told Dyl the story about how I bought a chess computer in 1994 so I\ncould practise up since the kids at the school chess club were all\nbeating me and there wasn\u0026rsquo;t anyone around to play against. Well! Who\nshould complain about this but Ranjana, claiming that she was always\naround.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat forced me to tell the story about how Ranjana got mad at me for\nbeating her playing blindfold back in the 80s. Well it\u0026rsquo;s true! She\nthought I was just showing off, which I wasn\u0026rsquo;t - I was just trying\nsomething new. She didn\u0026rsquo;t take into account the fact that back then, she\nbarely knew how to play the game.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eActually, Ranjana told Dyl the story, but I had to embellish it with the\nparts about how mad she got. For some reason, Dyl found my predicament\nnot just amusing, but sufficiently so to be ROTFL (rolling on the floor\nlaughing, for those of you unfamiliar with internetese).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Michael pointed out how he drew with Ranjana because he was afraid\nof playing her too. Well, I suppose I added the afraid part, but it\nreally doesn\u0026rsquo;t matter does it?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo quickly and cleverly changing the subject, I related a story of a\nclassic game that took place a decade ago between Ranjana and Sangeeta.\nWell, actually Ranjana told the story, but I had to embellish it\nproperly so it had the necessary depth and comprehensivity it warranted.\nThe two of them were in the very initial stages of learning the game\nback then:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026quot; so as one of us took the other\u0026rsquo;s piece, we immediately sacrificed one\nof our own in returnā€¦ā€¦. it reached an apex when.. i took her queen and\nthen offered my ownā€¦\u0026quot;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat Ranjana had forgotten was that none of this was intentional on\neither of their part. The game ended in a draw, because they both didn\u0026rsquo;t\nfeel like playing anymore and started yapping about other things,\nleaving me to put away the pieces!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael and Dyl thought this was very funny and when I meekly tried to\ngenerate a tiny morsel of sympathy on my behalf, by pointing out how I\nalways had to clean up, I was mercilessly derided by Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s deceptive\ncompliment, \u0026ldquo;you\u0026rsquo;re good at that\u0026rdquo;. Well, she didn\u0026rsquo;t fool me one bit!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael and Dyl had overwhelmed themselves with amusement to the point\nwhere they felt they had to depart, leaving me all alone with Ranjana in\nthe chatroom. I told her that I would run away and she threatened to\ncome after me. I said I could type faster than she could because of my\ndvorak layout, but she said her \u0026ldquo;typing is more confusing so you have to\nwarit until youcan make sense of it and that give me an advantage\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs you can plainly see, she is right. However, while she was gloating\nabout her victory and enjoying my apparent entrapment, I made my escape!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwo hours later, I stealthily returned to the chatroom only to find that\nshe had left indications of following through on her threat to come\nafter me. I can tell you all this much, that as I write this, my safety\nis still secure - she hasn\u0026rsquo;t caught me yet!\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "011-04-05-09", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/011-04-05-09/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/011-04-05-09/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis was an interesting chat with Breaca being the first to enter the\nroom. Finding no one else there, she started to spin silently, whatever\nthat means. She did this for more than 3 minutes, apparently without\ngetting dizzy until Rachel showed up. Then I think she stopped spinning\nsilently so she could talk to Rachel or perhaps she kept spinning, but\nnot so silently for she spoke (no pun intended perhaps)!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca and Rachel introduced themselves to each other because evidently\nthey had forgotten that they had met earlier, but it didn\u0026rsquo;t make any\ndifference because who should appear other than Zoe, the leader of\nCharlie\u0026rsquo;s Angels clan! Unfortunately, for the first little bit, Zoe\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t get to say much, other than the terrible problem she was having\nwith the constant refreshing of her screen, so Breaca suggested that she\nask me for help when I showed up, adding very slyly that I was always\nlate. Fortunately, I was sufficiently late not to see that comment,\nwhich is what Breaca was counting on, but what she forgot of course was\nthat I would see it later, which is why I am writing about it now,\nright?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy the time, I showed up, Ray was already there and Zoe had left (she\nwas to come and go several times trying to fix her problem), but neither\nof them said anything to me. Why you ask? It was because I was greeted\nin this most unusual fashion by Rachel, \u0026ldquo;I still itch!!!!!!!! Prad\nhelp!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow that would flabbergast most individuals. However, I quickly gathered\nmy senses and tried to evaluate the deeper meaning behind this\nparticular outburst. I remembered from a distant past, that yesterday,\nRachel thought she might have stepped on a fleas\u0026rsquo; nest and was itching\nvery badly and so with total calmness I went to construct a series of\nremedies including calomine, aloe vera, tea tree oil, citrus. While\nengaged in this labour, Sangeeta appeared and suggested ice and between\npopping in and out, Zoe recommended witch hazel. Despite all this expert\nadvice, it turned out that Rachel\u0026rsquo;s mother had bought something at the\ndrugstore which apparently did the job so we may have to wait for her to\nfind some more fleas before we can test our theories.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca had in the meantime conjured up Kyron to assist Zoe which he did\nby recommending she change to the FireFox browser, which she did with\nsuccess, thus putting to an end this unhappy episode in her life. In\nfact, I think that Ray was so overcome by the euphoria of it all, that\nhe said, \u0026ldquo;The sun is blazing and it is a lovely day and I simply must go\noutside. Have fun, everyone.\u0026rdquo; And so he did.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana appeared though and tried to talk to everyone, but kept making\nso many typing errors that she wasn\u0026rsquo;t able to actually say much more\nthan apologize for all the typing errors. It proved to be too much for\nBreaca though, who promptly flew off on her Pegasus with a\n\u0026ldquo;byeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee\u0026rdquo; to everyone.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo at about this time Rachel left too, because Kirk wanted to join us,\nwhich he did after fighting with his mouse for a while. But then\nSangeeta said that she had a call from Armenia, which of course had\nnothing to do with Kirk, and left for a while. What I found most\nremarkable about the next several minutes was that no one said anything.\nWhen I finally broke the silence with this historic observation,\neveryone started giving excuses as to why they were not saying anything.\nZoe, for instance, claimed she was still fighting with her computer,\nKirksey said he was fighting with his mouse, Ranjana said she was\nwaiting for Sangeeta to stop talking on the phone to some person in\nArmenia, while Michael didn\u0026rsquo;t say anything, because I don\u0026rsquo;t think he was\neven in the chatroom. (Well, he might have been there but was so well\nhidden that I didn\u0026rsquo;t see him)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe told us that she lived half the year in Newcastle, England and the\nother half on a ship. This no doubt inspired Kirksey, who said he would\nlike to live on another planet because the forums had become such a\npain. At this, Kyron suggested that K-Pax was a pretty good planet, just\nas I echoed that it was a pretty good movie too. This cheered Kirksey up\nenough to tell us that he had received an offer on his house finally, so\nwe were all glad to hear this.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI asked Zoe what sort of training she needed to be a navigator, which is\nwhat she is when she is on that ship. She said one has to be skilled in\na variety of areas, such as ship construction, ship stability, spherical\ntrigonometry, metereology, maritime law, chartwork to name only a few.\nKirksey added that Zoe played a pretty good game of chess too! Zoe then\nwent on to tell us about GPS (Global Positioning System) and sextants\nwhich I had a particular interest in since we once thought of buying one\nsome years ago. She also told us about a gyro compass, which are far\nmore accurate than magnetic compasses and can operate in situations,\nsuch as shielded submarines, where the magnetic field of the earth is\n\u0026lsquo;blocked\u0026rsquo;. Here is a link briefly describing the principles of a gyro\ncompass as well as some other nautical instruments:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.thalassa.gr/2002/to/en/n06.asp\"\u003ehttp://www.thalassa.gr/2002/to/en/n06.asp\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe leaves on her ship in July and will unfortunately not be able to get\ninternet access for RHP.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt some point during this most interesting discussion, Rachel apparently\ntried to remove her father so she could get into the chat, but Kirksey\nfended her off and I congratulated him, but she found out, so I had to\nfend her off.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori appeared and was introduced to Zoe. Sangeeta asked Lori how her\nanimal rights club SOAR was going and was glad to hear of its success.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel asked if a koala bear can swim and we found out that they\nprobably can in an emergency, but not very well. They are also not\nbears, but marsupials as are kangaroos. Here is a link about them:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.savethekoala.com/\"\u003ehttp://www.savethekoala.com/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta discussed the inappropriateness of keeping exotic pets in\nunnatural environments. On the issue of \u0026lsquo;hostile\u0026rsquo; animals, Zoe made the\nexcellent point that animals are usually hostile only when threatened, a\nfact that some people do not wish to acknowledge thus propagating\nunfounded myths about certain creatures.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe were delighted to see Fjord after a long absence and found out from\nhim that Orin was doing well too. Since Zoe is quite a traveller\nherself, she had an conversation with Fjord about geographies. Then\nwhile I told Fjord about the math and physics Kyron and I were doing,\nZoe told Sangeeta about all the different courses she was going to be\ntaking: I counted over 20!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince Zoe is a navigator, Sangeeta told Zoe about her \u0026lsquo;favorite\u0026rsquo; ship,\nthe Sea Sheppard which is the Sea Sheppard, committed to protecting\nmarine life though the efforts of Paul Watson, who was also a founder of\nGreenpeace. The mission statement of the Sea Sheppard Society tells us\nthat it \u0026ldquo;is a non-profit non-governmental organization (NGO) involved\nwith the investigation and documentation of violations of international\nlaws, regulations, and treaties protecting marine wildlife species\u0026rdquo; and\nhere is a link to its website:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.seashepherd.org/\"\u003ehttp://www.seashepherd.org/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel meanwhile was having troubles with her computer and left. But she\ncame back in time to hear Fjord tell us about Art Hobson\u0026rsquo;s physics book\nthat highlights ecologic principles:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.uark.edu/depts/physics/about/hobson.html\"\u003ehttp://www.uark.edu/depts/physics/about/hobson.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis got Sangeeta and Zoe talking about Stephen Hawking\u0026rsquo;s work. Sangeeta\nand Kyron are learning about string theory so we look forward to some\ninteresting discussions on that topic in the future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell, I had to leave and when I announced this, everyone seemed inspired\nto leave as well. For some reason, this pleased me very much so I left\nfeeling very much pleased. However, then I found out that Fjord really\nhadn\u0026rsquo;t left, but since I already had, it didn\u0026rsquo;t bother me at all. Nor\ndid the fact that Rachel poked her nose into the chatroom an hour later.\nIt didn\u0026rsquo;t even bother me to learn that Michael who had been lurking in\nthe room since nearly the beginning of the chat, and had said hello 3\ntimes and nothing else throughout the entire session actually lingered\nthere for another two hours afterwards, before finally departing. I do\nnot think he was painting the chatroom, since Fjord had already done\nthis more than once. Perhaps he found the chat a good place to meditate,\nbut since he is not here as I write this, I guess we shall not find out.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "012-04-05-15", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/012-04-05-15/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/012-04-05-15/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eSo this was a record-breaking chat in that it exceeded 999 lines! This\nis all the more remarkable considering we didn\u0026rsquo;t have our usual large\nturnout exemplifying Margaret Meadiator\u0026rsquo;s inspiring words:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Never doubt that a small group of talkative, committed people can\nchange the chatroom. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFear not though, because this is only a summary so you shall not have to\nendure all that happened by virtue of my brevity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI made a special effort to get into the chatroom before anyone else so I\nwould not be accused of being late, but much to my dismay, I saw that\nDyl had appeared earlier not once (3 hours early with the comment\n\u0026ldquo;bugger. Early), not twice (2 hours early with the comment \u0026ldquo;oh dear.\nAgain\u0026rdquo;), not three times (1 hour early with the comment \u0026ldquo;ARHHHH\u0026rdquo;), but\nfour times (30 minutes early with the comment \u0026ldquo;GRRRRR\u0026rdquo;). Well, you can\u0026rsquo;t\nfault the fellow for enthusiasm that\u0026rsquo;s for sure, though one can\u0026rsquo;t help\nbut wonder what was happening to his linguistics over time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I appeared early, as I told you, and was greeted by no one, since Dyl\nhad left to figure out what he was going to say, if he came early a\nfifth time. Breaca flew in very cheerful as usual and told me about the\nEuroSong contest which she didn\u0026rsquo;t find to be all that cheerful, but it\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t matter because her chess is doing well as she has made it into\nthe top 50 on RHP:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=10732\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=10732\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Zoe appeared and the two started talking about prime minister\ncabbages which didn\u0026rsquo;t make the slightest sense to me, but they seemed to\nthoroughly know what they were talking about at any rate. Then Zoe\ntaught me another one of though British words - Breaca had taught me\nabout \u0026rsquo;lush\u0026rsquo; many months ago - and Zoe introduced \u0026lsquo;brill\u0026rsquo; which is short\nfor \u0026lsquo;brilliant\u0026rsquo; as anyone can plainly see, though in the Canajian\ncolonies I seem to recall that it could have been short for \u0026lsquo;brillo\u0026rsquo;\nwhich is a steel wool soap pad for cleaning dishes. Anyway, this was all\nin reference to a particularly clever chess move Zoe had made earlier\nwithout intending to. In celebration, Breaca philosophized that\neverything is planned even though we don\u0026rsquo;t know it, and then promptly\nate \u0026ldquo;a raw sprout next to zoe\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana came in followed by Dyl who was now 15 minutes and 6 seconds\nlate for the chat! Admittedly, that is an improvement over the time he\nwas 3 hours late, so we should not be too hard on him - after all, it is\n3 am in his vicinity. To cheer him up, Breaca said he was both lush and\nbrill, with a few giggles thrown in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana commented on the stunning Egyptian chess set Dyl had and was\nkind enough to show us photos of:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://home.iprimus.com.au/jeffcotter/chess2.jpg\"\u003ehttp://home.iprimus.com.au/jeffcotter/chess2.jpg\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://home.iprimus.com.au/jeffcotter/chess3.jpg\"\u003ehttp://home.iprimus.com.au/jeffcotter/chess3.jpg\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://home.iprimus.com.au/jeffcotter/chess4.jpg\"\u003ehttp://home.iprimus.com.au/jeffcotter/chess4.jpg\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI had to disappear for a while so I really don\u0026rsquo;t know what happened, but\napparently not a whole lot till I came back only to find that Breaca\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t know what her name meant. There was a St Breaca who was very\nbrave, just like her namesake, but no one, including myself, knew what\nthe name meant, and I certainly couldn\u0026rsquo;t find it on the internet. Breaca\nmay tell us more next week and left at this point after she \u0026ldquo;turns into\ntony blair\u0026rsquo;s bestmate george bushyb sprout\u0026rdquo; so you can see that some\nexplanation certainly is necessary.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRight about now, Sangeeta sneaked into the chatroom, but was astutely\ndetected by us all. Zoe told us she was doing her certificate in radio\nengineering and that she also fell asleep in class because it was so\nboring. She added she didn\u0026rsquo;t know how to use a VCR, which caused Ranjana\nto admit to the same, but I corrected her by pointing out she really\ndid, because she got me to run it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat reminded Dyl that he didn\u0026rsquo;t know how to make different smiley\nfaces, so he felt frustrated because no one would tell him since none of\nus knew either. Unfortunately, he couldn\u0026rsquo;t even make a smiley face to\nshow his disappointment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe talked a bit about some people who like to call themselves veggie but\nstill eat fish because they think fish have no feelings or intelligence.\nThis nonsense has often been refuted and Sangeeta found a most recent\nstudy:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/west\"\u003ehttp://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/west\u003c/a\u003e Ć¢Ā€Å  189941.stm\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe found out from Dyl that his father is a computer programmer who has\n\u0026ldquo;written software to run a laser guiding equipment at a observatory in\ncanberra\u0026rdquo;. Dyl himself is knowledgeable in C++ programming and had\nwritten a \u0026rsquo;tipping\u0026rsquo; program for football which makes predictions as to\nfuture winners. Dyl said the program didn\u0026rsquo;t make him any money, but he\nseemed to enjoy writing it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe asked Zoe whether she had misspelled the \u0026lsquo;purple\u0026rsquo; on her RHP handle\n\u0026lsquo;purclecow\u0026rsquo; and found out she hadn\u0026rsquo;t. She couldn\u0026rsquo;t say \u0026lsquo;purple\u0026rsquo; when she\nwas younger and so she kept the word just as she used to pronounce it\nback then.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta who hardly wrote a word through all this, decided she was going\nto leave since she was helping to run a PETA booth later in the day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel showed up eating lunch and complaining that Dyl was wrong\nabout something or other. Dyl insisted that it was not so. This was to\nlead to an extremely heated discussion, but before going into that it\ncame out that Zoe\u0026rsquo;s computer had various forms of lunch spilled onto it\nand since it survived, it was dubbed immortal!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnyway, it seemed that Rachel was going to marry Adam though she kept\ndenying it to everyone. I suggested that before she does such a thing\nshe first read Sangeeta\u0026rsquo;s excellent essay on marriage and its tragic\npitfalls as well as consult with Kirksey since after all he is her\nfather and she is only twelve. For some reason that no one could\nunderstand, she kept saying that she didn\u0026rsquo;t even like the person she\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t going to marry which reminded me of the famous Gilbert and\nSullivan line from Iolanthe where a couple gets married first and then\nchange their minds afterwards - this seems at any rate to be the most\neconomically contributory approach in society.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel started warning everyone that she was getting mad and\nproceeded to demonstrate this with a vast display of angry faces. This\nof course, endeared Dyl to her since he couldn\u0026rsquo;t figure out how to make\nthem. So Rachel cleverly made a deal with him that if he stopped trying\nto get her to be married, she would show him how to make these faces.\nDyl agreed to some extent, but insisted on getting access to more faces\nto the point where Rachel started to get mad again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I had to think of a most ingenious solution quickly and of course I\ndid! All this stuff about marriage had triggered deeply buried, trama\nwithin myself. No, I don\u0026rsquo;t mean my own marriage (though I could provide\nrevelations regarding that later when I am not being observed), but\nhideous occurences at a wedding I was forced to attend. Well, a wedding\nis bad enough, but this was something special. Many years ago, some\npeople who called themselves my friends (actually, they were my tennis\npartners) decided to get married and they wanted me to be an usher. Try\nas I might, I was unable to extricate myself from this predicament (I\nwas a much weaker person then, you see).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo they insisted I dress up in this suit and even wear a tie (which is\nreally an extraordinarily useless addition anyway). So I do all this and\nwe go to the church. There I am, trying to mind my own business, when\nsomeone asks me why I wasn\u0026rsquo;t doing anything. I ask him what he meant and\nhe tells me that I\u0026rsquo;m supposed to show people to their seats. I thought\nthat this was ridiculous since all the seats were in full view of\neveryone and besides, they were quite capable of finding their way to\nthem anyway - but no, I had to escort them to their seats.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen after the extremely boring and pointless ceremony due to which the\nhallowed auspices no doubt made a fair bundle, I had to drive the\nnewlyweds to the reception in my car which they had decorated in a most\nabsurdly undignified fashion! Fortunately, I was able to escape the\nreception before the dancing started so I should not consider myself\nunlucky in totality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEvidently, my story had a beneficial effect on Rachel who exclaimed in\ncapital letters: \u0026ldquo;MY GOD. I AM NOT GETTING MARRIED.\u0026rdquo; I find that most\nconsiderate at least to ushers if not beyond and no doubt, Kirksey will\nfind some relief in all this too!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, Ranjana was not so considerate for she brought up the point\nthat I had been caught dancing in the past. Admittedly, it was Russian\nkick dancing, but that didn\u0026rsquo;t seem to diminish the accusation. Rachel\ntried to come to my rescue by suggesting that \u0026ldquo;it\u0026rsquo;s hard to imagine the\nsolitary hermit prad actually dancing\u0026rdquo;, but a stronger diversion was\nneeded.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI remarked that I thought that though there might have been some of that\nRussian dancing, it was primarily the limbo. This got everyone thinking,\nso I pursued my momentary advantage to its fullest!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI asked the deep question \u0026ldquo;so does anyone know why dyl is good at the\nlimbo?\u0026rdquo; and as you may well imagine, everyone wanted to know the answer,\nso naturally they started volunteering them and interrupting in all\nfashion of ways.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePoor Dyl, who wanted to know the most since he was directly involved,\nkept trying to calm everyone one down and even tried to make faces at\nthem, but to no avail and Rachel got so desparate that she insisted that\nI was teasing her by not telling, but how could I possibly give the\nanswer, while denying that I was teasing her and looking at the faces\nDyl was making. When Ranjana firmly insisted that I tell the joke, Dyl\ncried a little, but then thought he understood the joke which was that I\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t going to tell anyone anything, but he was wrong as I had to point\nout, losing yet another opportunity to tell the joke.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt this point, Dyl started to get very impatient so I suggested that he\ntell some jokes if he was unwilling to wait. He tried to do so on the\nspot like that, but being caught unprepared he felt very nervous no\ndoubt and started harping back to me to tell, with imageries such as\n\u003cstrong\u003edrum roll\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003espot light rests on prad\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003ecrowd becomes silent\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen as I tried to start again, he offered \u003cstrong\u003esomeone coughs\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003ea baby\nbegins to cry\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana recognized that Dyl was not aware of my attempting to start\nagain, so she said, \u0026ldquo;NO!!!!!!!\u0026rdquo;, but I didn\u0026rsquo;t know this so I had to ask\nher what she was saying \u0026lsquo;NO\u0026rsquo; for.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel by now was very confused and exclaimed, \u0026ldquo;What in the world?\u0026rdquo;.\nFortunately I was able to clear up her confusion by pointing out that\nwas not the right question which of course was \u0026ldquo;why is dyl good at the\nlimbo?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePoor Dyl in desperation tried to find the answer on the internet and was\nunsuccessful. Then it turned out that he didn\u0026rsquo;t know what the limbo was,\nbecause he directed us to a web dictionary to look up the word. I did\nhave to point out that he would only find the meaning of the word, but\nnot the answer he was really seeking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Zoe, made the really brill observation that she finds \u0026ldquo;it funny\nthat the joke is about limbo and is also in limbo\u0026rdquo;! That was really very\nclever so I invited her to join the Godel, Escher, Bach self-referential\nthread:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=10235\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=10235\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis however had little impact on Rachel who exclaimed, \u0026ldquo;Everyone SHUT\nUP!\u0026rdquo; This was indeed a noble effort on her part, but I had to point out\nthat if I followed her dictates, I wouldn\u0026rsquo;t be able to tell the joke.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael entered the chatroom at that moment and psychically asked, \u0026ldquo;can\nanyone tell me why Dyl is so excellent at limbo?\u0026rdquo; Then realizing he did\nnot know what limbo meant, asked, \u0026ldquo;what is limbo ?\u0026rdquo; making Dyl feel very\nimportant by giving him a chance to pull out his dictionary definitions!\nAfter reading, Michael asked if there was something called dylimbo which\nproved too much for Rachel who wanted to change the subject. However,\nDyl wasn\u0026rsquo;t ready to give up yet, since he had spent the last ten minutes\nscouring the internet trying to find an answer, quite unsuccessfully I\nhad to point out, though we all complimented him on his dyligence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuddenly, Zoe brought us back to reality by noting that she had\nforgotten what the question was. That was the last straw for Rachel who\ntook off to RHP and planned to return only after I told the joke.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl pleaded with me to have mercy since it was 4:10 am where he was, and\nwhen everyone was quiet, Michael asked me to dyliver the joke. Which I\ndid.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt really was an excellent joke, admittedly lacking the impressive,\nintellectual recursiveness suggested by Zoe, but none the less, carrying\na considerable impact on the listeners. Ranjana was most impressed\nexpressing her approval by several smiley faces. Dyl was too, but he\nused a face of a different colour. Michael was pleased that the dylemma\nhad finally been resolved. Rachel returned, but had completely forgotten\nabout the joke. In fact, Gary showed up after everyone had left and\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t even know that there was a joke on the floor!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf course, we had to ask Dyl whether he really did dance the limbo \u0026lsquo;down\nunder\u0026rsquo;, but he left in a hurry since it was nearly 4:30 am for him in\nAustralia!\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "013-04-05-23", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/013-04-05-23/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/013-04-05-23/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis was one of our shorter chats, but nonetheless quite interesting as\nyou will see.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe was the first to enter this week, soon followed by Kyron and\nRanjana. It turned out that Zoe was turned out very well done, because\nshe had a sunburn acquired from purchasing a cd. I realize that sounds\nquite remarkable, until one is told that she had to go to the store\nunder a very bright sun in order to get the cd. The good news was that\nZoe passed 4 of her exams and is already a fully qualified GMDSS\nelectronics operator who can\u0026rsquo;t use a VCR.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe was particularly pleased, because failing exams can create\ndifficulties. For instance, failing that course would result in her not\nhaving the qualification as well as costing her ?105! Ranjana, upon\nhearing this, exclaimed \u0026ldquo;holy smokesā€¦. that\u0026rsquo;s expensive!!\u0026rdquo; upon which\nZoe appropriately stuck to the subject saying that failing her Advanced\nFirefighting course would result in her again not having the\nqualification and this time costing her ?530! As you can see the\ndifficulties actually compound, of course, as a direct result of the\nBritish currency system that insists on using pounds as a unit rather\nthan dollars, which is probably just as well since there apparently is\nno word \u0026lsquo;comdollar\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta came in and told us about the video, she has been working on to\nintroduce animal rights into high schools. We know that she was telling\nthe truth, because we actually saw this video a couple of nights ago. It\nis excellent already, even though the finishing touches aren\u0026rsquo;t in place\nyet. It is bound to create a significant impact in the curriculum as a\nsocial justice movement that more people are becoming aware of and\nthinking about. Sangeeta is also giving a talk on animal rights in New\nYork tomorrow to a school in East Harlem and is in the process of\npossibly introducing AR components to the Girls and Boys club on a\nnationwide basis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI came in about now to tell everyone that Breaca\u0026rsquo;s new friend Dawn\n(rhp\u0026rsquo;s Unicorn) who is also the mother of our Veggiechess Clan\u0026rsquo;s\nFoolsM8, might be coming to our chat. Unfortunately, Dawn didn\u0026rsquo;t arrive\nand neither did Breaca, who wrote to Ranjana saying she had too much sun\nand was going to bed and to give her love to everybody.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord came into the chat and we were all glad to hear that his leg was\nmuch better and that he walked for the first time since injuring it a\nwhile ago. Fjord asked Kyron how his string theory was coming along and\nwas told that he and Sangeeta who had started us all on this were both\nat a stage where they grasp the superficialities, but need to study a\nlot more math in order to understand the details.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe told us she has a friend in Croatia who was in the middle of an mild\nearthquake so I told her that we get them here all the time, but they\nare so small that we don\u0026rsquo;t even notice them. After she learned that we\nlived on Vancouver Island, she immediately started a conversation on the\nexcellent Xfiles series. This was followed by her saying that Canada\npresented dangerous waters to navigate in because of the ice, rocks,\nshallow passes and the cold temperatures that can be very hard on older\nships\u0026rsquo; metal. As her ships\u0026rsquo; navigator, one of her responsibilities is to\nmake sure that the course taken does not embroil the ship in dangers\nsuch as these.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile I was discussing these most interesting matters with Zoe, Fjord\nwas having an equally engaging conversation with Kyron and Sangeeta\nregarding string theory. Those interested in an introductory\nnon-technical explanation can find out all kinds of things at this\nexcellent site:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/elegant/\"\u003ehttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/elegant/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInspired by all this Sangeeta contemplated existing in parallel\nuniverses, but her ambitions seemed not to affect Andrew who had just\narrived. However, it reminded Fjord of mescaline which is a \u0026lsquo;psychedalic\nto expand your consciousness and to throw you out the normel\nsense-experiences\u0026rsquo; in the form of a mushroom. Fjord went on to talk\nabout Ram Dass a psychologist specializing in human motivation whose\nexplorations of human consciousness led him at one time to pursue\nintensive research with psilocybin, LSD-25, and other psychedelic\nchemicals.\u0026quot; He also wrote some interesting and kind books one of which\nwe have read called \u0026lsquo;How Can I Help\u0026rsquo;. Here is a link to his website, in\ncase anyone is interested:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ramdasstapes.org/\"\u003ehttp://www.ramdasstapes.org/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAndrew left at this point and Ray appeared. Ray told us that he had a\nneat computer back in the early nineties called the Amiga2000, so I\nvolunteered that we still had our original MacIntosh from 1984, and Zoe\nmentioned her Sega system - all great machines in there own time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, Fjord and Sangeeta had gotten into a very interesting\ndiscussion on the concept of expectations. Sangeeta\u0026rsquo;s premise was \u0026ldquo;we\nare stronger than we thinkā€¦and have abilities to reach heights that\nsupercede our expectationsā€“ that is why expectations aren\u0026rsquo;t a good\nthing\u0026rdquo;, while Fjord maintained that \u0026ldquo;expectations are all right as long\nas we can deal with it when they get scattered; like dreams\u0026rdquo;. This\ndiscussion greatly interested Ranjana. Ray who was talking to Kyron\nabout a Linux Fedora boot up problem their company was having was also\nintrigued and joined the conversation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, Zoe was experiencing her own limitations in that she\nconsidered herself to be very small, but I made her feel much better by\nreminding her that she could say the word \u0026lsquo;purple\u0026rsquo; now, which she could\nonly say as \u0026lsquo;purcle\u0026rsquo; when she was really little. She felt so good, in\nfact, she tried to convince me that she had to stand on a phonebook to\nsteer her ship. Well, I wasn\u0026rsquo;t going to be fooled by this and suggested\nthat she was just telling me a phoneybook story.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the other conversation, Ray suggested that our beliefs determine our\nreality, while Ranjana tried to get clarification as to what was exactly\nmeant by the word \u0026rsquo;expectation\u0026rsquo; so that it wasn\u0026rsquo;t confused with the idea\nof \u0026lsquo;goals\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis was a point to consider since Zoe needed to deal with a specific\ngoal of her own, that of acquiring relief for her sunburn. Quickly,\nwielding the Home Remedies text, I offered several solutions including\nsoothing compresses with cold water, oatmeal, witch hazel, or buro-sol\nantiseptic powder which contains aluminum acetate, cornstarch paste,\nvegetable slices (cucumber or potato), lettuce, tea bags soaked in cold\nwater. However, it seemed that aloe vera was considered the best. Upon\nhearing this Ray just had to offer \u0026ldquo;Where is Vera, and why are you\nsaying \u0026lsquo;aloe\u0026rsquo; to her?\u0026rdquo; and this really didn\u0026rsquo;t help Zoe\u0026rsquo;s sunburn one\nbit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Ray got serious again: \u0026ldquo;what does one do when they are fully\nimmersed in their expectations to such an extent that they no longer\nbelieve that the expectation is a part of them, but that they are a part\nof the expectation?\u0026rdquo; This is actually an interesting concept that\nappears often in our daily \u0026lsquo;rituals\u0026rsquo; - does one drive the car, or has\none become so attached to driving, that it is the car that does the\ndriving?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta tried to differentiate between types of expectations: \u0026ldquo;going to\nwork is little expectationā€¦what i mean is the big expectations we have\nlike expecting to find a life partnerā€¦.we can expect but it is also a\nlimitation i believe as you lose sight of all others around and you are\ncentered around that one expectation\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was also suggesting to Zoe that if she didn\u0026rsquo;t have oats, for a\ncompress for her sunburn, she could try mud, but it turned out that she\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t have a garden.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana clarified between planning and expectations: \u0026ldquo;when I say\nplanning,,,, I mean mean setting some goals etcā€¦.but it is open to the\nforces of the universe! expectations I believe make me more closed to\nthose forcesā€¦.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord however felt that it was possible to have expectations and be open\nto whatever comes. He illustrated his point with what was happening at\nhis house in that he was expecting a delicious dinner, but if it is\nburned \u0026ldquo;I will try to smile\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe discussion was obviously very deep, because even the mention of food\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t send everybody off wanting to eat the way it used to in the past!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInstead, Sangeeta suggested that \u0026ldquo;if you didn\u0026rsquo;t expect anything burned\nor not, you would smile anyway and there would be no \u0026rsquo;try\u0026rsquo; \u0026quot; As if\ninspired by this comment, Fjord filled the screen with smiling faces!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell, Ray was so happy that he closed the wrong program when it was time\nfor him to go, but he figured it out shortly and was therefore able to\nleave, but not before wishing everybody a happy Queen Victoria holiday.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI initiated a conversation with Zoe regarding accents in which I\nmaintained that the British, Aussies, Americans and even Canadians\nexcept those on Vancouver Island all spoke with accents. However, for\nsome reason, she found my powerful arguments unconvincing. So then I\ntried to point out that Vancouver Island really wasn\u0026rsquo;t part of Canada,\nbut that didn\u0026rsquo;t work any better. So I quickly changed the conversation\nback to the holidays issue again and by suggesting that everyone take a\nholiday, managed to skilfully extricate myself from the situation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn fact, I was so skilful that everyone else started to extricate\nthemselves from the chatroom rapidly. Perhaps they took my suggestion of\ntaking a holiday seriously.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnyway, half an hour after the great exodus, Sangeeta who had threatened\nto return to the chatroom, did only to find that no one was there, so\nshe threatened to stay there and meditate, which she did for precisely\n32 seconds - a point that I threatened to note in this summary which I\nhave just done.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd guess who showed up a couple of hours later? You\u0026rsquo;re correct! It was\nLori noting that she had now missed 2 Satchats in a row! However, she\nwished everyone a \u0026ldquo;super awesome week\u0026rdquo; and said she would catch us next\nweek and left with a smile which is a great way to conclude this week\u0026rsquo;s\nchat.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "014-04-05-30", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/014-04-05-30/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/014-04-05-30/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis was an enormously long chat - more than 4 hours!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow Zoe came in first, but decided to go have lunch so when Rachel\nentered she didn\u0026rsquo;t get an answer to her \u0026lsquo;hello\u0026rsquo; so she tried a little\nharder with \u0026ldquo;Zoooooooeeeeeeeee\u0026rdquo;, but of course didn\u0026rsquo;t get a response.\nThen Breaca came in and said \u0026lsquo;hello\u0026rsquo;. Then Zoe suddenly appeared saw\nwhat Rachel had written and said \u0026ldquo;hellooooooooooooooooo\u0026rdquo;. As luck would\nhave it, I came in just at that moment and thought Zoe was saying hello\nin that rather extravagant fashion to me so I quickly tried to\nreciprocate \u0026ldquo;hellooooooooooooooo to you tooooooooooooo\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo one had a chance to respond, because Rachel wondered if I could\ninterpret dreams. Apparently, she kept being drowned by an evil plant.\nNaturally, there were several interpretations offered. I suggested that\nshe shouldn\u0026rsquo;t think the plant was evil; Sangeeta suggested the dream\nmeant Rachel should eat more plants; Breaca figured that the plant was\nreally Rachel\u0026rsquo;s Adam in some alien form. However, Rachel insisted that\nAdam was not the alien, but that Gary Senice was the alien. I lost track\nof what was happening at this point, but I figured that from what Rachel\nsaid about the plant\u0026rsquo;s activities Gary Senice wasn\u0026rsquo;t sonice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe had obviously helped Rachel a lot and made her feel much better about\nthis frightening incident, because she was able to change the subject\nand ask where Dylan was.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca mentioned the fiasco that had taken place on RHP clan forum\nyesterday directed at Skeeter. Fortunately, Zoe, Ranjana, Sangeeta,\nFjord and I were able to publically emphasize that this wasn\u0026rsquo;t\nacceptable behaviour. Breaca posted today to the same tune and Sir\nIvanhoe suggested that the thread be closed which the moderators did\nfollow through with.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe asked an interesting question regarding whether we eat candies with\ngelatin in them. Since we don\u0026rsquo;t eat candies, the answer is obviously no,\nbut it got us to discussing what we avoid as vegans. Zoe was surprised\nto hear that in addition to the usual meat, dairy, eggs, vegans avoid\nleather, silk, honey and wool. The rationale for leather is pretty\nobvious, but here are the some reasons for avoiding the others:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;silk is produced by boiling silk worms alive or cooking them\naliveā€¦one silk worm is the equivalent of a tiny strand of\nthreadā€¦imagine how many worms for a shirt!!!! millions!- it\u0026rsquo;s jst\ngross! and wrong!\u0026rdquo; (Sangeeta)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;honey: bees produce honey for thier babies, for thier own survival-\nwe take it from them and replace it with sugar water- that\u0026rsquo;s pure\nexploitationā€¦.a jar of honey is te amout of work a bee would do\ntraveling 3 times around the equator!\u0026rdquo; (Sangeeta)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;many bees can be injured or killed through the process of obtaining\nhoney and besides they\u0026rsquo;veworked hard to make that honey for themselves\u0026rdquo;\n(Ranjana)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewool is produced at the serious expense of sheep\u0026rsquo;s well-being.\nDespite common illusions, sheep undergo horrors for this industry:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Shearers are usually paid by volume, not by the hour, which encourages\nfast work without regard for the welfare of the sheep. One eyewitness\nwho saw the shearing of sheep said: \u0026ldquo;[T]he shearing shed must be one\nof the worst places in the world for cruelty to animals - I have seen\nshearers punch sheep with their shears or their fists until the sheep\u0026rsquo;s\nnose bled. I have seen sheep with half their faces shorn off ?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quote is from the website \u003ca href=\"https://www.woolisbaad.com\"\u003ewww.woolisbaad.com\u003c/a\u003e in case anyone wants to\nexplore the realities further.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile it is true that not all farmers hurt the sheep, the vast majority\nof sheep do not get the benefit of these particular individuals, because\nprofit not compassion still dominate people\u0026rsquo;s actions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe reflected how she has personally \u0026ldquo;seen the poor treatment of sheep\nfrom new zealand and a sheep ship was berthed next to mine in new\nzealand and it was not nice\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel asked Sangeeta whether she could get rid of some leather\nmaterials by giving them to PETA so that they could be sold to make\nmoney for the AR cause. People often do exactly this sort of thing when\nthey realize they do not want to support an industry that inflicts\ncruelty on animals. A few months ago, for instance, PETA was able to\nsend a large number of boxes filled with furs donated by people who\nrefused to wear fur any longer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel asked whether I watch De Grassi high. I said no because I\ndon\u0026rsquo;t need to watch a show about high school since I have taught in one\nfor so long. I did recall that this particular show was actually quite a\ngood one in the 70s, but since we rarely watch tv, I wasn\u0026rsquo;t particularly\ninterested in anything that remotely resembled a soap opera. Oh oh! That\ngot me into trouble with Zoe and Rachel who are both soapfisianados, but\nI think that the mention of soap, caused Ranjana to head for the shower.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta said that she likes Star Trek which we do as well because of\nits scientific and social merits. When I mentioned that Mr. Spock was a\nrole model for me, Rachel asked whether I had those pointy ears. I\npointed out, though not with my ears, that I didn\u0026rsquo;t get the ears since I\nhad settled for horns instead. Sangeeta also noted that her picture on\nour family page is one where she is half-elf, half-vulcan, which is all\nfine, except I couldn\u0026rsquo;t figure out which half is which despite my\npersonal associations with vulcans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen we got on to the Xfiles and Sangeeta mentioned that she had met\nScully at an animal rights awards show. Apparently, her production at\nthat time, Worldfest (the largest vegan festival in the world\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.worldfestevents.com\"\u003ewww.worldfestevents.com\u003c/a\u003e ) almost managed to get Mulder to be one of the\nmany celebrites who appear at that event.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen a great thing happened as we sent Rachel off to fill out the\nVeggiecarta. She was mistakenly under the assumption that she had to\nhave a pawnstar to be on our family page and I told her that this wasn\u0026rsquo;t\ntrue. While Rachel was gone, Ranjana bickered with me about whether she\nhad damaged the shower (which I was most relieved to learn she had not),\nZoe said that she played the guitar (and also the viola and violin) and\nSangeeta suggested that she and Zoe play a violin-sitar duet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter Rachel returned, I went looking for a remora fish for her, which\nproved to be a surprisingly lengthy process, so I do not know what\nhappened in the chatroom. Well actually I do, because I just read it,\nbut since I don\u0026rsquo;t see anything there that I said, I don\u0026rsquo;t know if anyone\nwould believe my account of what transpired. One thing is for certain\nthough and that is Ranjana kept telling everybody how much trouble I was\nhaving finding that remora fish picture! But I did find it and now you\ncan all see Rachel\u0026rsquo;s new profile on our family page:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/veggiechess/family.html\"\u003ehttp://towardsfreedom.com/veggiechess/family.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJust as I returned to tell Rachel the good news she disappeared! I\nthought it might be a result of ecstatic joy because of my success, but\nlater I found out that it was because her computer had crashed and she\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t able to get back online for a few hours.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe were all happy to see Fjord when he arrived. Ranjana inquired about\nhis leg and learned that it was healing well. I asked about his natural\nmohawk haircut and found that it was doing well too. I expressed my\ngreat admiration for it since Ranjana has helped make sure I don\u0026rsquo;t have\nany hair. Of course, she denied it, but I don\u0026rsquo;t think anyone was\nconvinced - I certainly wasn\u0026rsquo;t.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile we discussed the validity of my claim, Sangeeta answered several\nquestions Zoe had regarding PETA. Some of PETA tactics tend to be on the\n\u0026lsquo;outrageous\u0026rsquo; side and while some quite justifiably question their\neffectiveness, it is important to remember that PETA does a lot of their\n\u0026lsquo;stunts\u0026rsquo; soley to generate publicity and awareness regarding the cruelty\ntowards animals. What PETA has found in the past is that if they just\n\u0026rsquo;talk\u0026rsquo; about something, media don\u0026rsquo;t listen. This approach has been\ncriticized by some AR groups and applauded by others, because there is a\nwide discrepancy as to the ideologies of AR groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Zoe raised the excellent question as to why the individual groups\ndon\u0026rsquo;t join together and form a strong single entity. I have often\nthought about this, especially back in the 80s when I thought it would\nbe a good idea to unify the various groups involved in the peace\nmovement. As I look back now, I feel that the reasons unification\nwouldn\u0026rsquo;t be a good idea is because\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edifferent groups focus on different issues appealing to different\npeople 2) a single group would make an easier target for the\nopposition\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStill, I think Zoe\u0026rsquo;s point is a good one because sometimes AR, feminist\nand even peace groups fight amongst themselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe had to leave, but stayed on since Andrew arrived and she hadn\u0026rsquo;t\nreally talked to him before. Their first encounter went like this (with\na little help from me):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[purclecow] who is reizen? [pradtf] purclecow\u0026gt; reizen is an andrew\n[purclecow] what does he do? who is he? [pradtf] purclecow\u0026gt; he\ncomes to the chat from all kinds of places [purclecow] but what does\nhe do? [reizen] purclecow\u0026gt; what do you do, who are you? [pradtf]\nreizen\u0026gt; purclecow is a zoe [purclecow] me, well i am me and i work\nfor the merchant navy [reizen] purclecow\u0026gt; These are very big\nquestions [purclecow] i always have big questions [reizen]\npurclecow\u0026gt; I am me and I work towards my happiness. [purclecow]\nhappiness, cool job\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord was so confused by this exchange that when I asked where he was,\nall he could reply was\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis reply so confused me, that all I could respond was\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e!?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAndrew and Zoe though simply ignored our confusion and proceeded to\ndiscuss travel with Ranjana joining in. But this talk caused Sangeeta to\nremember that she had to travel so she left.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo just to show that we didn\u0026rsquo;t take any of this personally, Fjord and I\ntalked about Padfoot, the master of evil on RHP, but since there really\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t much to discuss we soon stopped. Before we did, though Zoe\nfinally left saying that this time she meant it. I was immediately\nreminded of the policeman scene from Gilbert \u0026amp; Sullivan\u0026rsquo;s Pirates of\nPenzance and mentioned it and to my most pleasant surprise Andrew sang\nout \u0026ldquo;Tarantara\u0026rdquo;!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis got us into a wonderful discussion with him about him! We learned\nthat Andrew was a professional, baritone opera singer at one time, but\nchose a different profession because the opera didn\u0026rsquo;t appeal to him.\nRanjana was of course delighted to hear all this since she is a\nclassical singer herself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Andrew and Ranjana started discussing the animal companions they\nhad encountered and somewhere in the midst of all this, Fjord got me\ninto trouble with Ranjana. I\u0026rsquo;ll tell you how he did it. He brought up\nthe topic of frogs because his granddaughter had found one that they\nlater released and I causually made the observation that Ranjana\nreminded me of a frog. Now this was merely an interesting observation\nbecause her teacher gave her singing exercises to imitate a frog. Now I\nwas careful to write this while she was on the phone, just so she\nwouldn\u0026rsquo;t take it the wrong way, but as it turned out she saw it and when\nshe denied that her singing exercises had anything to do with a frog I\nhad to think fast. So I suggested that perhaps I really meant a toad\nsince they sing up quite a chorus in the trees around our place in the\nfall. This didn\u0026rsquo;t seem to help the overall situation and Ranjana said\nsomething like I was trying to sing at this point. Andrew said something\nabout digging a hole to me, but Fjord got me out of trouble by\nmentioning a singing grasshopper (\u0026lsquo;sprinkhaan\u0026rsquo;) which seemed like the\nappropriate thing to do since I got into all this trouble because of him\nin the first place. Fortunately, Ranjana started talking to Andrew about\nsomething else because she might have been concerned that the meditating\ngrasshopper may start to sing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFeeling he had done his good deed for the day, Fjord decided to leave at\nthis point. Fortunately, Andrew talked at length with Ranjana about\nvarious matters and she must have forgotten about what transpired. At\nleast, that is what it seems like as I clandestinely write this with the\ndoor locked.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "015-04-06-06", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/015-04-06-06/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/015-04-06-06/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWow! The longest chat yet - over 5 hours!! Geez you people talk a lot!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl started the chat - well in a way he did. He showed up about 12 hours\nearly because they do the time differently in Australia. When he saw\nthat no one was there, I think he thought he was late rather than early,\nbecause instead of celebrating his promptness, he merely exclaimed\n\u0026ldquo;bugger\u0026rdquo; three times and vanished!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel showed up early too, but only by about 10 minutes so Dyl wasn\u0026rsquo;t\nthere and she expressed how bored she was. Zoe appeared, but what no one\nrealized was that she had entered the chatroom even before Rachel and\nremained silent because she had gone to sort out her dinner. Lori then\nentered after a 3 week absence and announced that she finally made it,\nbut after Zoe remarked that she would have to stay inside for an\nelectrician, all Lori got to hear was how bored Rachel would be even\nthough she wasn\u0026rsquo;t waiting for an electrician.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana and Michael came in just in time to hear that Zoe sprained her\nhand playing a video game for 8 hours and that Rachel sprained her eyes\nafter doing it for only 3 hours. Michael on the other hand simply felt\nsprained because he had finally gone back to work after a long holiday.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Breaca appeared in her full 15 years and 2 days glory and received\nbirthday greetings from everyone. She was actually at a party, but tore\nherself away for a bit to drop in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe learned that Lori\u0026rsquo;s AR group SOAR\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://swtsurrender87.tripod.com/soar/\"\u003ehttp://swtsurrender87.tripod.com/soar/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewas doing nicely and that they had been leafleting recently. Also, Lori\nhad rid her own computer of the virus that had immobilized it and had\nsaved herself $60 in the process!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI started telling everybody about the baby bunny we had rescued a few\ndays ago. He has been named Yoda because of the orientation of his ears.\nInterestingly enough, Lori had just rescued 2 kittens.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuddenly, Rachel lettuce know that Kirksey was eating spinach from his\nown garden. And then even more suddenly, she asked me \u0026ldquo;what does it mean\nin a dream when your best friend turns into a vampire and bites you?\u0026rdquo; I\ninterpreted this to mean that it was time to tell her friend to go\nvegetarian - especially, when there is a possibility of getting bitten\nby him!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel said that some of the people on RHP were disturbing. This becomes\nvery evident during some of the debates where unfair and ludicrous\ntactics are often used. However, I am glad to say that those from\nVeggiechess have always managed to handle the situation and themselves\nwith wit, equity and calmness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, Ranjana and Fjord discussed playing their game in the next\nlife since Ranjana was taking so long to move, but Michael wondered if\nthere was an automatic timeout after 5 years. This worried him enough to\nthink up a solution, just in case it was true: \u0026ldquo;but then you can\ncontinue the game by entering the position and you have another 5\nyears\u0026rdquo;. Ranjana thanked him for that great suggestion, but I think she\nwas being sarcastic. To not get into further trouble, Michael suggested\nthat Ranjana actually plays blitz but through several universes and this\nhad sufficient cosmological immensity to not only appease her, but to\nconfuse me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen we learned that Rachel was going away for camp for a week and to\nprepare for it, she took off for a while to eat and this gave Kirksey a\nchance to talk, but only for a bit because he was driving Rachel to the\ncamp which was nearly 200 miles away. After he returned, he would have\nto get back to painting his house. We learned that Kirksey did a lot of\ndriving anyway for his work, sometimes as much as 100 miles a day. I\ntold him that I used to like driving at one time many years ago and that\nI would pretend I was piloting a starship! Then I realized that Kirksey\ncould be Captain Kirksey of Star Treksey on the starship Enterprisey!\nWell, it was time for them to go where not one of them had gone before\nand so they left.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord asked about the possum problem in New Zealand. These creatures\nwere brought there to start a fur industry and some of them escaped into\nthe wild where without natural predators they are causing considerable\ndestruction to the forests. Conservationists want to poison them, the\nfur industry wants to trap them and take their fur, while AR groups want\nto sterilize them. Zoe said she really wondered, as did Sangeeta and I,\nabout this because very often people make a bigger deal regarding a\nproblem, just so they can implement a quick or profitable solution. This\nis why it is so important to have AR groups since they speak on behalf\nof the victims.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta asked Lori how her mother felt about her activism and we were\npleased to hear that not only is her mother supportive, she even helps\nwith the leafleting!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, Fjord and Michael were having a discussion about rain turning\nAustria into a big lake and how it was fortunate that Michael was such a\ngood swimmer and something about his being a duck which caught Lori\u0026rsquo;s\nattention as well as several of the rest of us. Sangeeta recalled her\nefforts at swimming which she called drowning which really isn\u0026rsquo;t correct\nbecause she actually did learn to swim. Fjord therefore made the most\nhelpful suggestion that she put salt in the water because it would help\nto buoy her up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe gave an example of how human intervention to rectify a problem had\nbackfired:\u0026ldquo;look at ecuador as an exampleā€¦.the banana spider was killing\nstuff and being a general pain, so they introduced a snakeā€¦.now the\nbanana snake, that got bored of the spiders and now eats tonnes of other\nstuff and has doubled the problem.\u0026rdquo; Then she suggested that we look at\nthe animal problem from a different perspective - that it is the humans\nthat were the real problem. This led to an interesting discussion\nregarding human overpopulation and how forced sterilization or at the\nvery least, restraint could be a most useful solution. If people really\nwanted to have lots of kids, there certainly is no shortage of them in\nthe orphanages of the world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe gave some very profound commentary regarding dealing with the real\nproblem rather than pursuing makeshift solutions:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;there are so many animal rights groupsā€¦.but at the end of the day maybe\nthe problem [humans] is the cause\u0026rdquo; and\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;the cause for the destruction should be adressed before the prevention\nis decided\u0026rdquo; and\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;humans see themselves as superior which maybe as a race they are,\nhoweverā€¦.when the earth reactsā€¦.which it will in time, it will be too\nlate to change our mistakes\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was fascinated to see all this wisdom being typed by someone who had\nrecently sprained her hand playing 8 hours of a video game!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe were delighted to see Bear enter the chatroom after several weeks\nabsence. I naturally tried to introduce him to Zoe and Lori, but Ranjana\nignored me and tried to do the same thing. However, she wrote some\nthings in a very strange way. Here\u0026rsquo;s the sort of thing i mean,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] LBear\u0026gt; bear meet Zoe and Lori (beat of me) [pradtf]\nimvegan\u0026gt; how come you are going through everything i have just done?\n[pradtf] imvegan\u0026gt; didn\u0026rsquo;t you like my introductions? [pradtf]\nimvegan\u0026gt; lori is bestofme not beat of me!!!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter all this, Ranjana finally admitted that she wasn\u0026rsquo;t listening, but\nshe didn\u0026rsquo;t type \u0026ldquo;wasn\u0026rsquo;t\u0026rdquo; properly turning it into \u0026ldquo;wan\u0026rsquo;t\u0026rdquo; which was\nprobably a freudian typo indicating that she wanted listening which\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t surprise me very much considering the immense volume of verbosity\nI have had to deal with for over 4 decades!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe then started an interesting commentary about merchant ships vs navy\nships. It was surprising to learn that while the former are luxurious\nwith \u0026ldquo;our own double bed in a huge room, with tv, fridge, VCR and\nsometime sky tv\u0026rdquo;, navy ships are about as spartan as they come. Sangeeta\nwho had toured a navy ship agreed wholeheartedly with Zoe\u0026rsquo;s\ndescriptions. Zoe also made the very interesting point that the level of\nskill training in the navy is pitifully inadequate in comparison to that\nof the merchant fleet and related an incident in which one of her\ncounterparts in the navy through incompetence was suggesting a course\nwhich would have caused her \u0026ldquo;to navigate straight into a fishing\nvessel\u0026rdquo;!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, Bear told us that he was injured because he fell while\nfeeding his pets and had to have \u0026ldquo;a little chirugic repair of my left\neyebrow\u0026rdquo;. His vision was impaired for a while too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe went on to tell us a fact of interest regarding banana\ntransportation on merchant ships. Apparently, the crew get longer port\ntime, because they have to be very careful unloading bananas and have to\ndo it slowly. Additionally,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;the bananas start off green and then produce a gas called ethane i\nthink but if you stop them producing the gas by regulating them at 14\ndegrees C and put only nitrogen in the cargo holds they remain fine for\nup to 3 weeks still green unripened.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll this talk reminded us that we didn\u0026rsquo;t have bananas to make smoothie\ntoday, but as it turned out we did so it all worked out right.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Bear and Michael decided to have a discussion on their respective\nages, which are very close since they were born in the same year, but\nMichael was born in November while Bear was born in December. They both\nseemed very pleased with all that so I figured I\u0026rsquo;d better not say\nanything.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori suddenly popped in again and Sangeeta told her about the Social\nJustice video and curriculum she had produced for high schools. Lori\nsaid she knows at least 2 teachers in her school who would be very happy\nto use it in their classes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Fjord returned to the chat after his cycle ride, so I suggested he\nwas a recycled Fjord, but he didn\u0026rsquo;t get the \u0026lsquo;car\u0026rsquo; joke which is ok\nbecause I didn\u0026rsquo;t know I had made a \u0026lsquo;car\u0026rsquo; joke till just now. Instead I\nwent on to ask the profound question \u0026ldquo;why can\u0026rsquo;t a cycle stand up by\nitself?\u0026rdquo; and after much deliberation had to provide the answer which is\nthat \u0026ldquo;the reason a cycle can\u0026rsquo;t stand up by itself is because it is two\ntired\u0026rdquo;. Ranjana was obviously not interested in this because she left\nthe chatroom before hearing the punchline and both Fjord and Bear could\nonly manage a single laughing face after I had prompted them twice with\ntriple laughing faces and had even written \u0026ldquo;two tired!! get it???\u0026rdquo; as\nwell as \u0026ldquo;how come i\u0026rsquo;m the only one laughing??\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord countered by asking \u0026ldquo;What do you do when your bike is too high?\u0026rdquo;\nto which I replied \u0026ldquo;deflate it?\u0026rdquo;,\u0026ldquo;try to handle it?\u0026rdquo;,\u0026ldquo;settle on it being\nunseatable?\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;see it as an offender?\u0026rdquo; after which I was told by\nFjord that he hadn\u0026rsquo;t quite asked the question correctly. But it was too\nlate anyway because Lori couldn\u0026rsquo;t stand it anymore and had taken off.\nBear shouted for Lori to bring her back and was successful because she\ndid reappear, but didn\u0026rsquo;t say anything and then disappeared again. She\nwas probably Loritering just outside the chatroom.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBear kept saying he had to go and wash the car, but since he didn\u0026rsquo;t go\nto do that chore we kept talking. Fjord had made a new friend, David\n(rhp Dreamlax, whose posts we liked very much) and so did I, Larry (rhp\nhuntingbear), both of whom have joined our family and may join our clan\nas well. Bear had also found a couple of new friends who he thought may\nenjoy our clan and will arrange to have them get in touch with me if the\nidea appeals to them. However, he said that Lori was obviously his best\nfriend since she had him shouting for her recently. I informed him as to\nLori\u0026rsquo;s real identity - one of the students who saved Daisy the pig and\nBear was very pleased that she had joined our group. He was naturally\nalso very glad to have met Zoe as well and commented on how the internet\nprovides us with good opportunities to meet such interesting people.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen Bear found out that David and Larry were going to join our family,\nit reminded him that he was supposed to fill out the Veggiecarta a long\ntime ago so that I could put him up on the family page. It was ok though\nI guess because I had lost his picture because of the harddrive erasure\na while ago, so he put both items on his agenda.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta told us that she had made friends with a Buddist monk recently\nfrom Dharam Shala: \u0026ldquo;he is pure veg and fighting for animal rights in\nthier tibetan parliament\u0026rdquo;. She went on to ask Fjord who had lived in\nNepal, \u0026ldquo;have you heard of Thich Naht Hahn? he is a vietnamese Zen\nBuddhist teacherā€¦he is also very socially activeā€¦i like it when people\ntake thier faith and put it into action- it is the best way to honor the\nfaith i believe..\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta continued by mentioning that she had been inside some amazing\nchurchs with incredible architecture and that she planned on going there\nto meditate in them and Fjord told her how the shop he used to own was\nabout philosophy, meditation and yoga.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBear talked about some interesting prime number puzzles he had which\nwere in Spanish, but he said he would try to post them anyway and this\ngot Sangeeta talking about a fascinating book she was reading called the\nDa Vinci Code and what was neat was that both she and Fjord were roughly\nhalfway through the book at present. According to the writeup on\nAmazon.com, \u0026ldquo;the book masterfully concocts an intelligent and lucid\nthriller that marries the gusto of an international murder mystery with\na collection of fascinating esoteria culled from 2,000 years of Western\nhistory\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI then made the observation that this chat had already gone over 5 hours\nand tried to blame it on Sangeeta for talking so much, but it didn\u0026rsquo;t\nwork. However, Fjord left shortly afterwards perhaps to read the Da\nVinci Code and Sangeeta took off to practise her sitar. Ranjana appeared\nagain briefly and somehow that reminded Bear that he really did have to\nwash his car, but Ranjana left before he could, leaving me all alone in\nthe chatroom until I left too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePosted: Mon Jun 07, 2004 10:17 pm by dyl 12 hours?! I was 12 hours\nearly?? Prad, I swear the start time for this chat changes every week! I\narrived the same time the chat started 3 weeks ago. I\u0026rsquo;ll try to\nco-ordinate my efforts with you during the week.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "016-04-06-13", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/016-04-06-13/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/016-04-06-13/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAnother enormous chat more than 5.5 hours! It was one of our best, with\na couple of exciting new members and one of the most profound\ndiscussions we have ever had in that chatroom!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe were delighted to see the newest member of our family, Larry (rhp\nhuntingbear and papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e in the chat) appear. He did not just\nappear though. He was the first person in there! He uttered the first\nword! It was \u0026ldquo;test\u0026rdquo;! I will refrain from mentioning that he came 6 hours\nbefore the chat started though. He is after all from Australia and has\nno doubt been influenced somehow by Dyl.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnyway, Larry did not wait around for 6 hours. He only stayed 10\nminutes, no doubt admiring the fine paint job Fjord had done in the\nchatroom many weeks ago. Instead, Larry reappeared 13 minutes after the\nchat had started, but that was just fine because even though Dyl and\nKyron were already in there, neither said anything to the other so the\nchatting really hadn\u0026rsquo;t started.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo who do you think started this chat?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell I did, with the single word and accompanying exclamation mark\n\u0026ldquo;larry!\u0026rdquo; Now Larry lives on the part of Australia where the time isn\u0026rsquo;t\nas strange as Dyl\u0026rsquo;s so it was only about 11 pm for him. Soon Rachel and\nRanjana appeared so introductions were made.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe were very surprised to see Rachel because we thought she might still\nbe at camp, but as it turned out, she had managed to get on a computer\nat one of her friend\u0026rsquo;s in Louisville. She couldn\u0026rsquo;t stay long, but it was\ngreat that she dropped in to say hello to everybody. Not only that,\nKirksey came on a few minutes later as well, but he had to leave soon\ntoo because he had to drive his younger daughter\u0026rsquo;s friend. He was of\ncourse very glad to see Larry, whom he referred to as \u0026rsquo;the other\ntheologian\u0026rsquo;, since both of them are two of the kindest people on the RHP\nforums speaking the truths of Christianity in the nicest ways.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI explained a few details about the chatroom to Larry who had discovered\nhow to use different colours and the next thing I knew all these happy\nfaces were being emitted by him. That was very nice of him, even though\nI realized that he was only testing the faces. Then Larry\u0026rsquo;s wife Deborah\nsent us a hello as did his nine month old daughter who I think wanted to\nattend the chat, but it was really a bit late for her to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUpon Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s asking, Larry told us that he was originally from the\nUnited States, but had moved with his Australian wife to Perth. He said\nthat he had received several messages of welcome from Veggiechess\nmembers already since joining us a few days ago. I warned him that\nVeggiechess people like to talk a lot (as evidenced by these chats) and\nthat they like to eat a lot too, aptly demonstrated in several earlier\nchats as they would stampede at the first mention of food. Larry replied\n\u0026ldquo;well I like talking, and eating. looks like I came to the right place!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile I was contemplating the correctness of Larry\u0026rsquo;s words and how glad\nwe were to have him with us, Dyl entered and I was so surprised that I\nwas forced to exclaim, \u0026ldquo;dyl!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!\u0026rdquo; This surprised Dyl\neven more and he was left speechless for quite a while so I had to ask,\n\u0026ldquo;dyl??????????????\u0026rdquo; After Dyl had recovered from all these punctuation\nmarks, he and Larry talked a bit about Australia and timezones, since\nthey were at opposite ends of that country.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Dyl told me that he was studying a book on endgames by Glenn Flear,\nso I had to tell him that I \u0026ldquo;never heard of it i flear\u0026rdquo;. This got\nRanjana to blurt out, \u0026ldquo;dylohoh dyl, he\u0026rsquo;s starting it again!\u0026rdquo; but she\ndirected the message to me instead of Dyl not that either of us could\npossibly understand it, and then followed it immediately with \u0026ldquo;i made a\nreal mess of that message!\u0026rdquo; as though that subsequent commentary was\nreally necessary! Luckily, Dyl and Larry were engrossed in a discussion\nabout Australian holidays by now, and were more or less spared\nparticularly since the message had been directed to me even though it\nshouldn\u0026rsquo;t have been.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Dyl asked whether I knew that Australians called North American\nfootball by the strange name of Grid Iron. I said I didn\u0026rsquo;t and so Dyl\nproclaimed, \u0026ldquo;Interesting. I always thought North Americans only feigned\nignorance to irritate others.\u0026rdquo; While there was probably plenty of truth\nto this, I countered with \u0026ldquo;we can hardly make out what dyl is saying\nbecause of the [Aussie] accent\u0026rdquo; immediately after which Ranjana\ndesparately rushed to Dyl\u0026rsquo;s defence by telling Larry that \u0026ldquo;Prad is\nrather naughty\u0026rdquo;. However, there was no explanation as yet why football\nis called grid iron, or why football is called soccer, or why rugby is\ncalled rugby until Dyl solved the mystery by suggesting that they came\nup with these weird names so as not to conflict with the ones already in\nuse. Considering the choices of the names and their incomprehensible\nlogic, I can honestly think of no better explanation!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl and I talked a bit about \u0026lsquo;real\u0026rsquo; football. He played defence and\nmid-field. I played center forward and right inside, but at a time when\nthe 5-3-2 (5 forwards, 3 mid-field, 2 defense) systems were in common\nuse. Dyl suggested that it would lead to a high scoring game. Most\nsystems these days tend to be far more defensive.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord entered and immediately expressed his disappointment at Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s\nmove that he had been waiting for weeks (if you recall from an earlier\nchat, the two of them were planning to continue their game into several\nlifetimes because a certain person was taking so long to make her move).\nHe said he expected a mate in 3! Then he proceeded to tell Dyl that his\nwhole country was orange because of football, so I had to jump in to ask\n\u0026ldquo;so is your national anthem \u0026lsquo;home, home on the orange?\u0026rsquo;\u0026rdquo; to which\nRanjana asked \u0026quot; couldn\u0026rsquo;t you orange something different?\u0026quot;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFortunately, before any of this could continue further, David (rhp\ndreamlax) came in for his first Veggiechess chat! David had joined us\njust a day before Larry and he was based in New Zealand. David was a\nfriend Fjord had discovered on the forums and we had been impressed with\nthe quality of his postings. Right now, though, David wasn\u0026rsquo;t quite\nawake, because it was even later for him than it was for Dyl! He said,\n\u0026ldquo;Excuse me if I stop talking entirely, I\u0026rsquo;m either asleep, or eating\nbreakfast\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf course, people were curious about David\u0026rsquo;s nick so here is his answer,\n\u0026ldquo;Yes, actually this nickname actually comes from the words DREAMing and\nreLAXing. The monks found it very suitable for me and decided it was the\nname they\u0026rsquo;d call me when I\u0026rsquo;m lazier than normal (which does not make for\na good Buddhist!)\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDavid asked when the chat started so Ranjana told him that people just\ndrop in from around 8am pst onwards and I had to add that \u0026ldquo;at least one\nperson even dropped in on the wrong day\u0026rdquo; to which Dyl guiltily but\ncleverly replied, \u0026quot; hardly surprising, with the thing still called a\nsat-chat\u0026quot;. Well, then I had to explain that since I couldn\u0026rsquo;t change the\nname of the title on the forum, we called it a satChat because we are\nsitting when chatting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, Fjord and Dyl were engrossed in a conversation about painting\npolicemen orange, blue and green. Since I really didn\u0026rsquo;t understand any\nof it, I will comment no further other than to say that this sort of\nconspiracy would probably not be looked upon kindly by the police\nassociations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry decided to leave at this point but told us that soon he would be\nable to show us pictures of his family, links to which we will make\navailable on the satChat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl thought he should get going too because he had to meet \u0026quot; someone of\nthe female persuasion for coffee\u0026quot; at 11:30 and he figured he\u0026rsquo;d better be\nawake and on time. He wondered if doing a Russian cossack dance would be\na good way to impress her, but I suggested something more along the\nlines of carrying a chessboard. Dyl was impressively philosophical\nregarding this indicating that if his friend wasn\u0026rsquo;t sufficiently\nimpressed, he\u0026rsquo;d be home in time for the midday show. We both concluded\nthat it would be a win-win situation!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, David accomplished a first in Veggiechess chat history. He\nsent a directed message to himself. Then he woke up a bit and exclaimed,\n\u0026ldquo;why the hell did I message myself?\u0026rdquo; Fjord shouted, \u0026ldquo;Dreamlax\u0026rdquo; in\nastonishment! I pointed out, \u0026ldquo;this has never happened here before\u0026rdquo;. Dyl\nsuggested, \u0026ldquo;Mate, you really need some sleep\u0026rdquo;.Ranjana, for once, was\nspeechless or perhaps she hadn\u0026rsquo;t noticed because she was contemplating\nher smoothie.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt any rate, after we had all recovered, David told us what he does at\nthe monastery and showed us a website of programmers (of which he is\npart of), who write programs for people who need them, for free:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.dreamlax.2ya.com/\"\u003ehttp://www.dreamlax.2ya.com/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana stated how nice that was and \u0026ldquo;its in the spirit of sharing and\nservice\u0026rdquo;. I think that may have embarrassed David, because he\nimmediately left the chatroom. He came back shortly though and we were\nable to continue. As it turned out, it wasn\u0026rsquo;t David who was embarrassed,\nbut apparently his computer was because it logged him out several times\nduring the chat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord asked whether I could join him in the Peter Singer thread and I\nsaid I would as soon as I could but it doesn\u0026rsquo;t look like it will be that\nsoon because this satChat is so long. Dyl felt he had to leave to\nprepare for his encounter expressing how grateful he was that I didn\u0026rsquo;t\ntry any of my jokes this week. That made me wonder if I should have\narmed Dyl with some jokes so that he was even better prepared!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen David started us on one of the most interesting discussions we have\nhad on these chats with the question \u0026ldquo;What do you do when someone offers\nyou a meal with meat?\u0026rdquo; and specifically \u0026ldquo;The eight-fold path says right\nthought and right action is defined by right only if it is beneficial to\nothers, but is it more beneficial to eat meat, or to be polite?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe conversation went on for a long time and I will try to summarize it\nas best as I can.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe crux of the problem appears to lie in the concept of being\nbeneficial: \u0026ldquo;being beneficient is very debateable since it is also\ntemporaly based - therefore, due to its transitory nature, it may be an\nidea to establish alternate parameters\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne may argue that by refusing to eat meat we risk offending the host\nand therefore are not being beneficial either to the host or to the\ncause of vegetarianism. One can also argue that since the animal has\nbeen already murdered it is more respectful to eat the meat - the damage\nhas already been done, so why cause more \u0026lsquo;damage\u0026rsquo; by creating friction.\nOne can even go to the extent of claiming that you actually \u0026lsquo;hurt\u0026rsquo; your\nhost by refusing to partake in the meal that has had a lot of effort put\ninto it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile there is some validity to all of the above three ideas, they\nshould not be the deciding factor in one\u0026rsquo;s decision. For instance,\nrefusing to eat the meat can prove to be an educational eye-opener for\nthe host who perhaps thought that everyone except those \u0026lsquo;sickly veggies\u0026rsquo;\neat meat. Possibly, it can be an inspiration to the host who may not\nagree with the murdering of animals, but didn\u0026rsquo;t realize that some people\nnot only live without doing so, but also stand-up to speak out against\nit. Finally, the host may be hurt even more realizing that the guest has\nviolated a cherished principle just to accommodate the host\u0026rsquo;s feelings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of these ideas become a little clearer if we consider what we would\ndo if invited to a cannibal\u0026rsquo;s house for dinner. I rather doubt if anyone\nwould try to \u0026lsquo;accommodate\u0026rsquo; in order not to \u0026lsquo;hurt\u0026rsquo; the host\u0026rsquo;s feelings\neven though the refusal would be based more on disgust rather than on\nhaving compassion towards living beings. Yet, the slaughter of helpless\nanimals which occurs at a horrific rate draws neither disgust nor\ncompassion from many, but only because it is an accepted social norm.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo base our actions on the accepted social norms is both dangerous and\ndetrimental, because the status quo changes, but ethics don\u0026rsquo;t. It is\nnever the quantity of people who pursue a course of action that is\nimportant, but the quality of their conscience. If 100 people do a wrong\nthing, it doesn\u0026rsquo;t make it right. Instead, a single person who does the\nright thing can never be made \u0026lsquo;wrong\u0026rsquo; no matter how many voices speak\nagainst, no matter how powerful the opposition. As Gandhi once put it,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;When I despair, I remember that all through history the way of truth\nand love has always won. There have been tyrants and murderers and for a\ntime they seem invincible but in the end, they always fall - think of\nit, ALWAYS.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo on to specifics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuppose you are the \u0026lsquo;guest of honour\u0026rsquo; and meat is served - what do you\ndo? Well, if they know you are veg and they serve meat, then you are\nreally not the guest of honour; if they don\u0026rsquo;t know you are veg, then\nthey should find out right away, so as not to dishonour you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShould you risk offending them by refusing to eat meat when the most\nimportant thing is perhaps to convince them to change such behaviour?\nFirst, it is important to realize that it is not our job to convince\nthem of anything; it is up to them to convince themselves. Second, while\nit may be true that it is easier to start a conversation by eating the\nmeat, it seems a bit strange to speak about vegetarianism through a\nmouthful of flesh. Finally, a courteous, infomative, non-threatening\nrefusal shows what your principles are and that you stick to them. What\nis interesting is that no host would ever be offended if you refused\nbecause it was \u0026lsquo;against your religion\u0026rsquo;, rather they would rush to undo\ntheir lack of awareness, so why does it suddenly become a problem when\nwe substitute \u0026lsquo;principle\u0026rsquo; for religion?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat do you do if meat is offered as a donation to your organization?\nWell, this is a somewhat different situation, because it would depend if\nyour organization advocates vegetarianism or not. However, even if it\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t, it is possible to inform the donors that vegetarianism is the\nlowest common denominator - meat eaters will eat veg food, but veggies\nwill not eat meat. Therefore, it makes more sense to donate vegetarian\nfood since then it can go to anyone in need. Sometimes an organization\nwill even accept, in the name of the cause, the very thing it opposes.\nFor instance, PETA accepts furs donated by people who refuse to wear\nthem anymore and gives them to people in need or to animal shelters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIs it immoral to eat an animal that has already been murdered? Eating\nthe murdered animal isn\u0026rsquo;t immoral, but what needs to be considered is\nthe message you wish to project. By eating it (except in a situation of\ndesperation), do you not project that you accept the murder of animals?\nSince eating the animal requires it to be murdered, the two become\nalmost synonamous, even though the one eating it has committed no\nimmoral act. People who eat meat aren\u0026rsquo;t cruel, but perhaps they haven\u0026rsquo;t\nthought through the connections of their actions. It is their \u0026lsquo;consumer\ndemand\u0026rsquo; that produces most of the cruelty. Similarly, eating of\nchocolate from the Ivory Coast isn\u0026rsquo;t an immoral act, but it is the\nconsumer demand that fuels the child slavery there.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat if the host cannot grasp your principle of being vegetarian? If the\nhost doesn\u0026rsquo;t understand your reasons, then you should explain them.\nEating the meat while explaining may be a courtesy to them, but then why\ntalk about vegetarianism? It is of course possible to say that you are a\nsemi-vegetarian and give your reasons for \u0026lsquo;cutting\u0026rsquo; down, but then it\nwould be appropriate for your host to also follow suit and \u0026lsquo;cut down\u0026rsquo;\nmeat consumption which certainly is not the same as eliminating it.\nBesides, as Michael put it \u0026ldquo;you cannot only live the moral principals\nothers can grasp, can you?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are some interesting questions and statements by various people in\nthis discussion:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;The question is for me what is more valuable; sharing with friends and\ncommunicate about my morals; or refuse and have no communication at\nall.\u0026rdquo; (Fjord)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;There is a difference between eating a meal -because- it has meat, and\neating a meal with meat in it that was offered. Are we just as equally\nsupporting the death of the animal, if at all? (David)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Especially as I DONT EAT ANY ANIMAL PRODUCTS I had the most\nopportunities to talk with many people about why i live like that ā€¦..\u0026rdquo;\n(Michael)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026quot; if you start with that premise - you will find people react\naccordingly ā€¦. I have a different premise and I get a different\nreaction - never have I found that communication stopsā€¦. people have\nsaid they don\u0026rsquo;t agree with me and we have very good discussions\u0026rdquo;\n(Ranjana)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;isnt it a bit silly for a vegetarian to go to and eat something without\nknowing what it is well beforehand?\u0026rdquo; (Kyron)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;how would your hosts feel having you eat meat at their table and then\nfinding out you were veg? ā€¦ i think if they learned that you were veg\nfor moral reasons, they would be devastated\u0026rdquo; (prad)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Last November when we had a big business dinner in my company with\n80-100 people present and I knew that there is served only meat ā€¦ā€¦ so i\nasked to prepare a special meal for me as i am vegan and really a\nspecial meal only for me was prepared and i had the best opportunity to\ntalk about why i live like that with soooo many people who were vvery\ncurious ā€¦ never would i have had that platform to talk about animal\nrights if i had not decided to be completely true to myself\u0026rdquo; (Michael)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;I just want to know what the worse situation is, though, to refuse the\nmeal or to eat it.\u0026rdquo; (David)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;we\u0026rsquo;re talking about how people feelā€¦ how did the animals feel? what\nharm is greater?\u0026rdquo; (Ranjana)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026quot; i feel that this really is the point ā€¦. we could see all this\ndiscussion from the point of view of the animal being in the\nslaughterhouse shortly before his/her death ā€¦.. then it does not matter\nhow other people feel about you\u0026quot; (Michael)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;[your host] should respect your views ā€¦ if he doesn\u0026rsquo;t, then he needs\nto invite you to dinner a few more times\u0026rdquo; (prad)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Offending the host is not showing compassion. We must never assume we\nare not going to offend anyone.\u0026rdquo; (David)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026quot; let\u0026rsquo;s look at a muslim and a buddhist each inviting the other to\ndinner ā€¦ the muslim offers meat as a token of respect - the buddhist\noffers vegetarian for the same reason ā€¦ the muslim will eat at the\nbuddhists, but the buddhist will not eat the muslims meat ā€¦ why? because\nthe underlying principle that is the strongest belongs to the buddhist ā€¦\nall religions preach compassion - but few practise it and offense is not\nto be taken in the same light as death ā€¦ so the compassion of not\nkilling overrides the \u0026rsquo;token of respect\u0026rsquo;\u0026quot; (prad)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta entered at this point and though she had unfortunately missed\nthis very interesting discussion, she got to talking to David about\nvarious things such as music composition which is a talent David has. It\nalso came out that David had done an excellent post on \u0026lsquo;anger\u0026rsquo; and it is\nwell-worth looking at:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthr\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthr\u003c/a\u003e Ć¢Ā€Å  amp;page=2\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana read the post and said how wonderful it was. Immediately, David\ndisappeared not because he was embarrassed remember, but because his\ncomputer was.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta and David continued to talk about veg restaurants, buddhism,\nand New Zealand which is a place Sangeeta wanted to visit, so David\ninvited her. It would be interesting to see if he were shocked if the\nwhole Veggiechess family were to descend on him in Sangeeta\u0026rsquo;s entourage!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen we got into a brief discussion on vitamins and vegetarians, because\nit is a strange misconception that people have, that vegetarians are\nsomehow deficient and need to take vitamins to replace what they are\nmissing. This is one of the silliest anti-veg arguments around. No one\nneeds to eat animal products and no one will be deficient in anything as\na result. Like any diet though you should eat sufficient variety (ie\ndon\u0026rsquo;t try to be veg on pasta and tofu alone) and acquire sufficient\ncalories for your level of activity. Vitamins from your drugstore are\nboth unnecessary and don\u0026rsquo;t really get assimilated into the body as the\nadvertisements try to get you to believe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother common misconception revolves around what a vegetarian really\neats and for that we have this rather astute description:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;A vegetarian doesn\u0026rsquo;t consume any animal products such as meat, fish,\nmilk, cheese, butter, eggs, sea foods, or even honey (a vegan is a\nvegetarian who has adopted a lifestyle avoiding animal products like\nwool, leather, silk). The \u0026lsquo;veg\u0026rsquo; in vegetarian after all does represent\nvegetables, fruits and other plant-based foods. People who include dairy\nto an otherwise vegetarian diet consider themselves to be lacto\nvegetarians. Those who consume both dairy and eggs call themselves\nlacto-ovo vegetarians. Of course, by that reasoning those who eat\neverything other than red meat should fancy themselves to be\nlacto-ovo-pesco-polla-miele vegetarians.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe term vegetarian is rather loosely used to describe lacto-ovo\nvegetarians because most people who consider themselves vegetarian are\nlacto-ovo vegetarian.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat many people do not realize is that by supporting the dairy industry\none actually supports the veal industry. One may think that no animal is\nkilled in milk production, but millions of male calves and their mothers\n(whose lifespans are quartered) would tell you otherwise.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe would have had a discussion about medicines, but since I wanted to\nillustrate my point with diarrhea and David was considering eating\nmuesli, we decided it would be better to just talk about muesli instead.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDavid disappeared again at this point, but came back exhibiting his\nchatroom version of reincarnation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAndrew then dropped by for a bit. He has been travelling to various\nplaces for his work, but he always tries to come by to say hello. He is\npresently involved in a series of presentations that take him to north\ncarolina - oregon - pennsylvania - Colorado - Wyoming - Alabama, Texas -\nthen Florida!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDavid talked about the various milk producing farms in his area and how\nthe bulls that don\u0026rsquo;t produce good sperm are slaughtered for the fast\nfood restaurants so they can say they serve real beef. This reminded me\nof the amusing but pointed statement Dr. Neal Barnard made:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;The beef industry has contributed to more American deaths than all the\nwars of this century, all natural disasters, and all automobile\naccidents combined. If beef is your idea of \u0026lsquo;real food for real people\u0026rsquo;,\nyou\u0026rsquo;d better live real close to a real good hospital.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo we talked some more about other milks such as soy, rice and oat milk,\nthe last being of primary interest to me since one doesn\u0026rsquo;t have to cook\nanything.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t like to make food and I really don\u0026rsquo;t like eating either, but\nwhen it is time to clear the table because others haven\u0026rsquo;t met their\nresponsibility, guess who is called upon to save the honour of all? Me!\nSangeeta who had nothing better to do, stayed around to argue about my\nnoble actions which she forgets she has often been responsible for\ninitiating, but then decided that she wanted to discuss something else\non Yahoo! So I said I\u0026rsquo;d race her out of the chatroom and quickly exited\nbefore she knew what was happening!\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "017-04-06-19", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/017-04-06-19/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/017-04-06-19/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eFinally, a shorter chat as several people were unable to attend.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, Larry, Zoe, Kyron, Breaca and I were in there pretty quickly.\nZoe greeted me with \u0026ldquo;How now brown cow\u0026rdquo;, and though that took me\ncompletely by surprise I was still able to make the exceptionally\noriginal response of \u0026ldquo;mooooo\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca, we were glad to learn, was feeling much better after a few days\nof illness last week, and she brought a father\u0026rsquo;s day greeting with her.\nShe also told us that ironman had offered her a draw which is quite\nsomething given his record, but Breaca is contemplating continuing the\ngame because she feels that she may be in slightly better position.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow it must be mentioned that after my little greeting to Zoe, she\nstarted mooing too. She mooed to Breaca, who mooed back, and Zoe gave\nher a moowho in return! Well, don\u0026rsquo;t ask me! I don\u0026rsquo;t orchestrate these\nchats!! Anyway, I concluded that Zoe was very happy which she\nacknowledged, but also said that she had broken her cd player: \u0026ldquo;i just\nbroke it in the rain so i bashed it a bit to fix it and super broke it\u0026rdquo;.\nHowever, before she could feel too bad about it, I reminded her that \u0026ldquo;to\nerr is human, to forgive is bovine\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry sent me a picture of his family and I left to put it up on the\nfamily page. It is quite a wonderful picture with Larry, his wife\nDeborah, their son Jonathan, and their daughter Mae (who you may recall\ntried to sneak into the chat last week) and you can all see it here:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/veggiechess/family.html\"\u003ehttp://towardsfreedom.com/veggiechess/family.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs Breaca put it \u0026ldquo;you look such a kind family\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael and Ranjana then entered though not in that order and were quite\nsurprised to hear that Breaca had drunk the Atlantic ocean. For those of\nyou who are concerned that Zoe now won\u0026rsquo;t have a place to sail her ship,\nI must insist that you not worry. Breaca was only exaggerating and the\nAtlantic ocean is still as it was, but she did have to drink a lot of\nwater this week as a result of her illness, but please understand that\nshe is fine, the ocean is fine and Zoe sets sail in about 2 weeks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe is also in much better shape after seriously cutting her hand last\nweek. She told Ranjana that she had a few scars, but she was healing\nwell.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen Michael asked Breaca how she was, Breaca replied, \u0026ldquo;Im god thank\nyou\u0026rdquo; and then corrected \u0026lsquo;god\u0026rsquo; to \u0026lsquo;good\u0026rsquo; and then added, \u0026ldquo;lucky prad\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t see my mistake\u0026rdquo;. Well, prad was busy trying to get Larry\u0026rsquo;s family\npic up on the internet so he really didn\u0026rsquo;t have a chance to see this\nmistake. Then Breaca told us a bit about the debate her class had about\n\u0026ldquo;Is God a woman?\u0026rdquo;, but said that after a while the boys in her class got\nchildish and the discussion flopped. Then she and Zoe engaged in a\nconversation that dealt with stickkkkkkkkkkky keys, glue ears, and prit\nsticks none of which I understood really because it was all British\njargon and I wasn\u0026rsquo;t around anyway - remember?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca then turned the subject to something we could understand,\ntattoos, but I don\u0026rsquo;t see why she couldn\u0026rsquo;t have chosen tatones or\ntatthrees, so I will speak no more about this.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana wanted to know what animal friends everyone had and here is the\ncensus:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry - a cat named Jacob, a former stray Zoe - hopes to get a\nchinchilla when she returns next year Michael - a cat a ferret and a rat\nBreaca - dogs and horses and a brother\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe discussion took us to parrots which are fortunately illegal unless\nbred within the country. Ranjana explained how parrots are taken out of\ntheir natural habitat, stuffed in bags and shipped overseas. The\nmortality rate is often over 95%, but \u0026lsquo;worth it\u0026rsquo; for the poachers due to\nthe high price of parrots. We had one such parrot for 2 years in our\nhousehold. It had been sent around to various pet stores and was in\nterrible shape. Finally, thanks to the efforts of Animal Alliance in\nToronto, Canada and actress Ally Sheedy (\u0026ldquo;Maid to Order\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;Short\nCircuit\u0026rdquo;), he was brought to us. Unfortunately, though he seemed to\nimprove over time, he died rather suddenly in 1995.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe pointed out that the laws in UK are quite severe as far as selling\n\u0026lsquo;illegal\u0026rsquo; pets - upto 3 years imprisonment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe got to talking about the excellent game Breaca played against lioness\nwho is a very strong player. It would be up on our games page, except\nBreaca is going to add some comments to my annotations. Now just to be\nnice, I told Breaca that I wouldn\u0026rsquo;t mention that we have been waiting 6\nweeks for those annotations. Ranjana said that it was nice of me not to\nmention the 6 weeks, but Breaca pointed out that everyone heard me say\nthat and started blushing, so I had to make her feel much better by\nsaying that I wouldn\u0026rsquo;t mention how she got the satChat times all mixed\nup back in the early days of Veggiechess. Breaca went to hide under the\ntable, no doubt feeling much better. Or so I thought, until \u0026rsquo;looks up at\nbig bad prad, then runs to sit next to Ranjana\u0026rsquo;. But then I knew\neverything was fine, because \u0026lsquo;Breaca blows a kiss to prad and ranjana\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael and Larry meanwhile were discussing game analysis and will work\ntogether on strategies and tactics during a game. We already have seen\nexcellent progress in Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s chess as a result of working with\nMichael for several months. In fact, Michael has been acknowledged for\nhis \u0026lsquo;veggiechessness\u0026rsquo; on our site:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/veggiechess/v\"\u003ehttp://towardsfreedom.com/veggiechess/v\u003c/a\u003e Ć¢Ā€Å  sness.html\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell, Ranjana took this opportunity to sing the praises of Michael\u0026rsquo;s\ntutoring and Michael reciprocated by noting what a good pupil she was\nand so on.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel came in and asked about another dream. This time there was a\nrather rude talking tomato which called her an idiot, so she put it into\na blender. Well, this dream wasn\u0026rsquo;t sufficiently serious for her so she\ntold us about her hair activities. Apparently, she had tried to dye her\nhair a little blonder, but had instead turned it rather yellow and\nnaturally she was wondering how to get it back to her original colour.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBefore I could make any astute and helpful suggestions I was called away\nto deal with a particular matter, so Rachel spoke of her camp\nadventures. When Ranjana and Michael asked her what she had learned, she\nmentioned \u0026quot; just a bunch of stuff about forgiving people, integrity,\nurm, sex, anger, family. i also learned i have mild road rage at times\nand sometimes am a bit scary on the road.\u0026quot;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo then Kirksey switched with Rachel for a bit and mentioned that he was\ngoing to Kosovo \u0026ldquo;to help that area deal with terminally ill people\u0026rdquo; in\nthe fall. Kirksey seemed concerned that there wasn\u0026rsquo;t going to be a\nStarbucks in the area, but Zoe summed it all up by saying \u0026quot; it must be\ngreat to know that you are helping someone live alot better life\u0026quot;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen a quick discussion of happiness began with Michael saying he had to\ngo for dinner, Kirksey saying \u0026ldquo;happiness is a state of mind\u0026rdquo;, Ranjana\nsaying \u0026ldquo;happiness comes from within\u0026rdquo;, and Zoe concluding \u0026quot; happiness is\nwithin the mind of the person to feel it and no material posession can\ngrant you true happiness\u0026quot;. Michael even came back from dinner to exclaim\n\u0026ldquo;YES !!\u0026rdquo; to this.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo Rachel obviously wanted to feel happy, because Kirksey said, \u0026ldquo;Well,\nyou know who is giving me the evil eye and wants to get back on so I\nwill say adios for now\u0026rdquo;. She came back to ask if anyone had dated over\nthe internet which somehow led to the information that Ranjana and I\nwere married. Fortunately, I was not present for this discussion because\nI might have had something to say about it!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy the time I returned, I caught the tailend of the conversation. There\nwas something about Ranjana knowing me since she was 4 (yes I\nacknowledge I am remarkably resilient) and Rachel saying that was scary\nsince she knew this guy since he was 3 months old! So naturally I asked\nRachel, \u0026ldquo;are you still trying to get married?\u0026rdquo; which immediately\ngenerated the response \u0026ldquo;PRAD!!!!!!!!!!!!!\u0026rdquo; because it reminded her of\nthe chat we had when dyl suggested she liked some fellow named Adam and\nsome of us were concerned that she was going to marry him.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo to help Rachel out of trouble, I pointed out that everyone is not who\nthey seem to be on the net and that Rachel might actually be 57 years\nold which got me a \u0026ldquo;i will hunt you down!\u0026rdquo; from Rachel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI remedied the problem though by making a helpful suggestion after\nRachel mentioned her yellow hair again which she followed with a \u0026ldquo;not a\nword\u0026rdquo; to me, no doubt because she didn\u0026rsquo;t want to make me think to much\nabout this difficult problem. Well, it didn\u0026rsquo;t take me too long as I came\nup with a really simple and inexpensive solution \u0026ldquo;you could cut it all\noff then it would grow back original color\u0026rdquo;. Realizing that Rachel might\nneed some incentive here, I pointed out \u0026ldquo;you will look very wise if you\nhave no hair bald people often convey that impression\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel was concerned that wise bald people were all male, but I assured\nher that it was not the case because it is a very buddhistic appearance.\nShe pointed out that she was a Christian, so I suggested that she could\nbe a \u0026ldquo;bald buddhistic-like christian waiting for her hair to grow back\u0026rdquo;.\nThis rather helpful option was met with a \u0026ldquo;are you being difficult on\npurpose?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, Zoe had figured out through another conversation that Kyron\nwas not a second husband of Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s, but was actually her and my son\nand that the 3 of us were sitting in the same room working off different\ncomputers. She also figured out that Sangeeta wasn\u0026rsquo;t related to us, but\nRanjana pointed out that Sangeeta was related in spirit as was Michael.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne obvious piece of evidence proving that Michael was definitely\nrelated in spirit was demonstrated when I had the great idea, inspired\nby all this baldness talk, to try to get David to shave his head since\nhe was a buddhist. Michael\u0026rsquo;s immediate response was three very happy\nfaces in a row!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe felt better because she now knew who was related to whom, but she\nalso said \u0026ldquo;will you adopt me, i feel so lonely now\u0026rdquo;. Ranjana said \u0026ldquo;ok\u0026rdquo;\nand I said \u0026ldquo;of course since we believe family is not so much of blood,\nbut in the joy and respect we have for each other\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel wanted to adopt Zoe too, so Ranjana suggested that we all share.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEveryone suddenly left leaving Rachel and me in the room. Rachel said\nshe was going to get a new puppy (she really wanted to adopt someone),\nso I asked how that was going to help with her hair. She said, \u0026ldquo;i don\u0026rsquo;t\nknow. but i won\u0026rsquo;t have to feed you or zoe now\u0026rdquo;. I asked what she meant\nand she gave the following excellent answer, \u0026ldquo;well if i adopt you our\ngrocery bill will go up which will mean less allowance and more chores.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLuckily, Breaca came back just at that moment to rescue me from that\nextremely clever response by Rachel! But Rachel was not so easily\ndiverted as she suggested, \u0026ldquo;maybe breaca can adopt you\u0026rdquo;! As I have\nmentioned before, Rachel has an excellent sense of wit and articulation\nwhich show up in her forum posts on a regular basis!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe three of us talked for a bit about deception on the internet and I\npointed out how easy that was. For instance, I told Breaca how just a\nlittle while ago Rachel \u0026ldquo;was trying to be a 57 yr old bald buddhistic\nchristian\u0026rdquo; which generated another \u0026ldquo;PRAD!!!!!!!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca had returned to wish me a happy father\u0026rsquo;s day and Rachel said that\nshe had to go and spend father\u0026rsquo;s day with Kirksey so she left. I talked\nwith Breaca for quite sometime about RHP soaps, players, clan leadership\nand how so much more than chess happens on this site.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron made a brief appearance and Breaca said \u0026ldquo;jello Kyron\u0026rdquo; instead of\n\u0026lsquo;hello\u0026rsquo; and this seemed to greatly amuse both of them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter Kyron left, Breaca and I discussed some of her games against the\ntop RHP players. I pointed out that she has a great chance against any\nof them because she plays with such imagination. She was called away\njust then so I was left alone with only my imagination in the chatroom.\nNeither of us stayed long.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePosted: Thu Jun 24, 2004 3:27 am by olav Prad, where do you guys chat,\nor is private? Let me know! Smile\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "018-04-06-27", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/018-04-06-27/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/018-04-06-27/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI want everyone to know that I came first and waited around for the rest\nof you! Rachel came next and thought she was alone but she wasn\u0026rsquo;t. She\nhad some interesting information because she had adopted 10 timber\nwolves through a government program for a $125.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry and Fjord came next and I was able to tell both of them the\ncourtesy with which Rachel had handled a rude poster a few days ago. I\ntold several people this and it is worth seeing the calmness and\ncomposure that was demonstrated by this 12 year old who handled the\nadmiration with grace and humility:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=11673\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=11673\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, the grace didn\u0026rsquo;t last long because Rachel asked me what kind of\ndog I was. That wasn\u0026rsquo;t really the problem though. She wanted me to take\nthis test on this site and by answering questions like what sort of\nstuff I would like to eat (and the choices were simply awful) and stuff\nlike that, my particular breed of dog would be determined. Now, of\ncourse, I wouldn\u0026rsquo;t answer any of these questions and so I thought it\nwould end, but as you shall see, it didn\u0026rsquo;t.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord and I talked a bit about the latest developments in the Godel,\nEscher, Bach thread:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthr\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthr\u003c/a\u003e Ć¢Ā€Å  amp;page=5\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand Zoe appeared not that there was any connection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, Rachel was trying to talk me into trying that dog test, but I\nfended her off quite skilfully. Ranjana appeared and immediately started\nsaying hello to everyone individually when a perfectly simple hello\nwould have done. Rachel then tried to make me eat a powerbar in that\ntest of hers, but when Zoe heard the word \u0026rsquo;test\u0026rsquo;, she immediately\nexclaimed, \u0026ldquo;test,huh,what test\u0026rdquo;, no doubt because she had been doing so\nmany tests recently. When Rachel saw that Zoe was interested, she told\nher about the test, but Zoe said she is allergic to dogs so Rachel came\nafter me again. Ranjana said she didn\u0026rsquo;t need to take the test because\nshe was already a dog.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry told us his kids\u0026rsquo; names meanings. Jonathan, which he told us means\ngift from Jehovah, and Mae, which apparently means from Mary according\nto a baby names site. He thought Kyron was an interesting name and we\nwere able to tell him that Pradip means light, Ranjana means colors -\nKyron means multicoloured rays of light from the sun.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel realizing that she wasn\u0026rsquo;t making progress on the dog test with\nme, threatened another test even though Kyron did her dog test simply\nbecause he was curious about it. She tried to give me the celebrity test\nin which I apparently was to wear a bikini. You see how sadistic Rachel\nreally is!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana went on to tell Larry a bit about how she and I met, but\nfortunately I was busy so I didn\u0026rsquo;t have to think about that time nearly\n4 decades ago. Besides, I had my own problems with Rachel digging up\ninappropriate test after inappropriate test!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuddenly, Dyl entered and I thought I might be rescued. I exclaimed,\n\u0026ldquo;dyl thank god you are here!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!\u0026rdquo; which rather puzzled\nand possibly worried him. My plan was simple, yet brilliant. Give Dyl to\nRachel. I was sure that Dyl would see the nobleness in the sacrifice.\nInstead, he seemed so confused, he left to take a shower, leaving me to\nface Rachel\u0026rsquo;s beouty pageant test!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBefore he took off, though Dyl told us that his encounter with his\nfemale friend (mentioned in an earlier SatChat) was a positive\nexperience, I think: \u0026ldquo;The Russian kick-dance was a smashing success.\nI\u0026rsquo;ve been told I can dispense with the crutches in a fortnight.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe meanwhile brought us uptodate on some strange clan proceedings\nelsewhere on RHP. It seems that some clan leaders are being rather\ndictatorial, kicking out members, making unfair match-ups and all in an\nattempt to \u0026lsquo;get to the top\u0026rsquo;. This is a very strange thing to do, since\nit really doesn\u0026rsquo;t take a whole lot of talent to get to the top, just a\nwhole lot of time. We agree with Zoe\u0026rsquo;s idea of having a clan: \u0026ldquo;i just\nrun my clan cus i like my members\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite this, one of the members that I like, insisted that I take the\nbeauty contest test because I need to let out my inner beauty queen.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord then told us that he had found a wonderful new place in which to\nlive: \u0026ldquo;a very nice place in a kind of forest. Kind of perfect for me.\nVery close to the city, but outside\u0026rdquo;. There were still some finances to\nwork out, but it sounds like Shangrila - especially after he gets ADSL\ninternet connection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe, as we know, is heading out to sea very soon. She is very busy right\nup to departure and not just with packing: \u0026ldquo;i have 4 exams this week\nthen fire fighting the week after and i will go on friday the 9th of\njuly\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel\u0026rsquo;s next attempt was to get me to take a teen celebrity test. I\nexplained, that I couldn\u0026rsquo;t possibly take that test in the following way:\n\u0026ldquo;how can i take an age restrictive test when i do not accept temporal\nramifications on one\u0026rsquo;s existence?\u0026rdquo; and fortunately she seemed to accept\nthat and went on to look for something else to bring on me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuddenly, Ray appeared in the chat after a long absence. He was\nintroduced to Larry whom he had never met in the chat before, but i saw\na great opportunity as a result of his appearance. Since Dyl wasn\u0026rsquo;t\npresent, I figured ray would be a perfect substitute. Ray thought from\nmy request for help that I was losing a debate, but I told him it was\nmuch worse than that and that it was actually Rachel who was after me.\nRachel figured this out though and said that she was going to hunt me\ndown anyway. I appealed, \u0026ldquo;rachel is picking on me and very badly too\u0026rdquo;\nbut that did not generate any sympathy from anybody. In fact, Larry told\nus that he was falling asleep and figured he should go soon since it was\nso late where he was.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay asked Kyron about linux and was told that he hadn\u0026rsquo;t updated his\ngentoo system for about a month at which point I was able to point out\nthat Kyron hadn\u0026rsquo;t gotten his website completed for a year. Ray commented\nthat he was most impressed with rRachel\u0026rsquo;s postings on rhp echoing what\neverybody else had thought already.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca appeared and told us that it had been difficult for her to come\nto the chat because she had visitors, and while she was exchanging\ngreetings with everyone including Dyl who had finally come out of the\nshower, Rachel\u0026rsquo;s next test for me was a kissing test. My reaction to\nthis was \u0026ldquo;kiss!!! what are you trying to get my into!! don\u0026rsquo;t you know\nkissing is very unhygenic?\u0026rdquo; I knew this to be a fact because I had heard\nMr Spock say so on a Star Trek episode.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl boldly readied himself to go where Rachel would have him go, but\nshe, despite relishing the possibility, said that she would be going\nafter him after she finished with me. By the way, Dyl still didn\u0026rsquo;t know\nwhat he was in for but, he made it clear that he was enjoying the fact\nthat I was squirming.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZoe returned with a hot chocolate and then, she, Dyl and Breaca had a\ndiscussion on how the drink was prepared, while Rachel tried to turn me\ninto a mom and then into a flirt. Dyl tried to be helpful by saying \u0026ldquo;if\nonly she could find a russian kick dancing test\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay had conspicuously said very little and was much relieved to learn\nthat Rachel was primarily focused on myself and Dyl, especially after\nRachel said \u0026ldquo;Ray is nice\u0026rdquo;. I tried to point out that since Ray is very\nvery nice that he deserved her attention but to no avail. At this point\nMichael offered \u0026ldquo;Rachel is no Raycist\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Dyl, Rachel, Ray and Kyron had a discussion about snakes and Kyron\nmentioned that all our snakes had been released but that it was likely\nthat we would be getting more soon over the summer which is when they\nare out in force and tend to get injured by other creatures\n(interestingly enough, a few hours after Kyron said this, our first\nvisitor for 2004 was inside recovering from what looked like an attack\nby a cat).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel\u0026rsquo;s next attempt was a bush-gore test. Yes I know, unbeliveable\nisn\u0026rsquo;t it? This was followed by a prom dress test, which proved to be too\nmuch for Breaca who couldn\u0026rsquo;t stand it anymore and flew out of the\nchatroom.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe conversation switched to the debating forum. Both Dyl and Ray\nexpressed how they don\u0026rsquo;t like going to that forum because sometimes it\ncan be upsetting, As Ray put it \u0026ldquo;I need to count to 1000 before\nposting\u0026rdquo;. The debates can be upsetting sometimes considering the tactics\nand rudeness that people display there. However, what is important to\nremember is that that forum is a place to convey information reguardless\nof the ridiculousness of the opponent. Dyl said that some posts make him\nso angry that he has to leave the forum: \u0026ldquo;how can you argue with with\npeople whose grasp on logic is so tenuous?\u0026rdquo; It can be difficult and\nthere is a saying that it is impossible to win an argument with an\nignorant person. However, there are several techniques that can help the\nsituation. One of them is to turn their own argument against them,\nanother is to reveal it for the joke it is.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance, the person who claimed that Mother Teresa was going to\nhell because she was a catholic and didn\u0026rsquo;t have a personal relationship\nwith Jesus is a case in point. One can point out that you thought that\nit was god who decides who goes to hell and then logically continue with\nthe question whether this person was equating himself to god. You can\nalso do some research and find counter arguments from other branches of\nchristianity. The point is not to win the argument but to convey\ninformation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother example is when you get grotesque opposition in vegetarian\narguments. The idea isn\u0026rsquo;t to make the other side lose or even make them\nvegetarian. However, it is important that their statements don\u0026rsquo;t go\nunchallenged and that some imformation is provided.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of these issues can be understantably very emotional as Ray\neloquently put it \u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;ve learned to handle personal insults (somewhat),\nbut I still cannot accept that animal rights is a matter of opinion. It\nis not a matter of opinion that the Earth deserves our respect. It is\nnot a matter of opinion that Beagles shouldn\u0026rsquo;t have posions forced down\ntheir throat!!!\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAR is the most difficult of all social movements because humans have a\nhard time relating to other species and as Dyl put it \u0026ldquo;or even their\nown\u0026rdquo;. That is why it is necessary to speak out against these atrocities\nand the forums offer a good vehicle for doing so and solidifying ones\u0026rsquo;\nideas. There are some absolutes and thinking that all opinions are\ncreated equal really doesn\u0026rsquo;t make sense.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta phoned from Florida saying that she was unable to come to the\nchat because she was at a conference and that we were to keep our\nconversations dry and not have any fun because she wasn\u0026rsquo;t there. She\nreceived a group hello from all of us.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI related to Ray two imaginative efforts Sangeeta was engaged in for AR.\nOne was the video she produced which brings AR in to the context of\nother social justice movements such as feminism and racism. By doing so,\nteachers can show the connection between all these movements against\noppression. The other is to produce AR material that is specifically\ndesigned for science classes. Practically all AR material goes into\nsocial science or philosophy classes, yet much of the actual \u0026lsquo;damage\u0026rsquo; is\njustified scientifically. By providing a strong scientific basis for\nmuch of this rather than primarily an ethical one, the AR case becomes\nstronger than ever.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay made the excellent point that AR needs to become trendy. In fact,\nthat is precisely one approach PETA takes, making AR \u0026lsquo;cool\u0026rsquo; for\ninstance, with the peta kids:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://peta2.com/\"\u003ehttp://peta2.com/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThrough the efforts of organizations like PETA and improved technology,\nthe AR has progressed faster than any other social justice movement.\nThece is a long way to go, but progress is accelerated because of the\nsheer determination of the activists who actually have a harder job than\nin other social movements: after all, it is easier to relate to equal\nrights for a woman or a black person than a pig who you plan to eat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay told us about the new feline friend that was trying to adopt them\nand here is a fabulous picture:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://shell.pubnix.net/~rook/DSC00056.JPG\"\u003ehttp://shell.pubnix.net/~rook/DSC00056.JPG\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCats seem to always be attracted to Ray and Marsha. He told us the\nfollowing stories about some of them which I am reproducing in full:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;The first cat we named \u0026ldquo;Gadget\u0026rdquo;. He was the most handsome cat. He had\nFIV, but Marsha got him adopted with this young woman. The second we\nnamed Gulliver. I was in Baltimore on a work contract, but Marsha was\nstill in Montreal. Gulliver appeared on our second-story balconey in the\nmiddle of a freezing Montreal winter. He was sitting there cuddled with\nhis lower jaw drooping. Marsha managed to herd him in a cat carrier and\nbring him into our computer room and shut the door. It turns out that he\nhad a broken jaw. the vet suspected that someone kicked him in the face.\nCan you imagine being a cat with a broken jaw in freezing cold. He sat\non our balconey and waited. I believe that there is a reason why he\nwaited out in the cold at our back door.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI had to leave, but Fjord and Ray continued discussion on Fjord\u0026rsquo;s up\ncoming adventures including the zen monastery. Then they had a\nfascinating discussion about meditation and how it can discipline the\nmind, but how it also takes a disciplined mind to do it in the first\nplace.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay and Fjord are both familiar with Vispanna which is India\u0026rsquo;s oldest\ntechnique for meditation. Fjord told Ray how he used to go on 10 day\nmeditations with his son into the forest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay and Fjord both left.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Fjord came back and left us these beautiful thoughts in the silence\nof the room:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003etry to be pleasant and polite! No problem, all on my self what an\namazing thing this is it is really a room I like, because I meet friends\nhere but there is no room it is all in the mind and yet so real just\nlike the chair I sit on just like you who reads this just like me us aum\nshanti, shanti\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "019-04-07-03", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/019-04-07-03/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/019-04-07-03/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eDyl was there first, but no one could talk to him. That\u0026rsquo;s what Zoe and\nLarry found out when they got there, so they talked to themselves about\nthe origins of their names, purclecow and papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana appeared late and Zoe thought that she had been eaten by hungry\nwhales, but it turned out that she had only slept in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry and Zoe were both eating, but when Zoe found out that Larry was\neating a mandarin she wanted one too but obviously Larry wasn\u0026rsquo;t able to\nget one to her. In fact Zoe seemed disappointed when Larry said that he\nwas no longer eating a mandarin because he had eaten it all, so she told\nhim to eat another mandarin.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Zoe reminded us that this was going to be her last chat till next\nApril because she was headed out to sea. She had finished her 4 week\noperation course on navigation aids and was getting ready to do her\nadvanced firefighting course. She still claimed she couldn\u0026rsquo;t work a vcr\nthough.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl came back and was greeted with a flurry of exclamation marks which\nseemed to make him very happy while Zoe told Ranjana about the dangers\nof fires on ships which are considerably more serious than they are on\nland.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry and I talked a bit about Mayharm who can\u0026rsquo;t seem to keep track of\nwhat I say, what he says, or even what we are talking about and when Dyl\nheard this he said \u0026ldquo;who are we talking about? sounds a little like me\nactually\u0026rdquo; I assured Dyl that we were not talking about him. Larry summed\nit up nicely by saying \u0026ldquo;there is a lot of that syndrome going around in\nthe debates forum\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe were suddenly most surprised by the appearence of Gary who hadn\u0026rsquo;t\nbeen at the chat for weeks! Gary told us that he had not only not been\nto our chat, he rarely visited the forums and had barely kept up with\nhis chess moves. Of course Larry knew Gary since they were both members\nof the white hats clan but Gary didn\u0026rsquo;t know Zoe so introductions were\nmade.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe got to talking about organic foods and I asked Zoe how easy it was\nfor her to get that when she is out at sea. She said that she doesn\u0026rsquo;t\neat much on a ship but she still manages to do her best.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGary told us about the very interesting night he had when a team of\nparanormal investigators came to explore the 5th century system of caves\nbeneath his pub. Ranjana asked if they had found anything and Gary said\nthat they didn\u0026rsquo;t find much: \u0026ldquo;they didn\u0026rsquo;t find much so that was a bit\ndisapointing. I\u0026rsquo;m a bit of a sceptic, and they seemed to want to find\nghosts in everything, so it was a bit of a washout overall, but they had\ncool equipment and seemed like nice people ā€¦ They had an electromagnetic\nfield detector, and were getting very excited about a particular area\nuntil i pointed out that it was where their power cable extension was\ncoiled up, causing hysterisis\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI told everyone about the really funny comment Ray had made when someone\nhad written a post with \u0026ldquo;censored\u0026rdquo; interspersed. Ray suggested that the\npost be transfered to the puzzles forum so we could try to decipher what\neach \u0026ldquo;censored\u0026rdquo; really meant. Larry had made a joke in there as well and\nhere is the link to the thread:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=11978\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=11978\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord entered and tried to say hello to everybody at the same time and\nin the process confused Larry with Mike which is interesting since we do\nnot have a Mike in our chat. Fjord didnt seem to be bothered by his\nmixing up of names. In fact, he told Ranjana he was eating, that he just\ncame home and that he was terribly hungry. Gary had to go but not before\nRachel showed up and Gary commented on her excellent capabilities as a\ndebater which is interesting considering he hardly knows her. As you can\nsee Rachel\u0026rsquo;s fame has spread. Rachel\u0026rsquo;s response was \u0026ldquo;huh?\u0026rdquo; so i\ncommented on this and Rachel said it was Sunday and that her brain was\ndead.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana brought up the question as to whether it was Dyl\u0026rsquo;s turn to do\nthose Rachel tests. I pointed out that Rachel had all kinds of people\ndoing those tests now, including bbarr! Dyl, fearing the worst told\nRachel \u0026ldquo;Rachel, Prad was just telling me he had a yearning for another\ntest\u0026rdquo;. It was a really a desparate attempt but you have to understand\nhow afraid Dyl really was. However, Rachel\u0026rsquo;s response was that he was\nnext which led me to coin the famous phrase sometimes attributed to\nShakespeare \u0026ldquo;hoist by your own petard\u0026rdquo;. Unfortunately, Rachel continued\nwith \u0026ldquo;right after i finish with prad\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry, Dyl and I talked a bit about the images people maintain on the\nforums some of which seem to be very unreal and some definitely are\nunreal. Images maintained by the likes of SVW seem so bizarre that one\nwonders whether rhp is a big socialogical experiment and characters are\nplanted just to see how others would react.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord and Larry got into an interesting discussion about how to learn to\npreach since Larry was studying to be a preacher. Larry said \u0026ldquo;the real\nlearning involves preparing the sermon. your audience is people who know\nthe Bible, more or less, so you can\u0026rsquo;t just get up and say anything\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl went on to give a history of the Zach episode which involved his\nfictitious creations BigMelon and MissHope. it was a rather unfortunate\nepisode in the history of rhp and resulted in the initiation of the TOS.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel wanted me to do a test on what flavor my personality was but\nrather than fall for that I started to tell her the story of when\nSangeeta got upset with me over colors. This was when Sangeeta was 17\nand her class was to do a test to determine personality profiles, the\nresults being given a particular color. So Sangeeta comes upstairs all\nexcited to have me try the test and tells me what the different colors\npeople can end up being are so I tell her I don\u0026rsquo;t need to do the test\nbecause I\u0026rsquo;m purple which of course wasn\u0026rsquo;t one of the colors. Naturally,\nin those days, in that circumstance, she wasn\u0026rsquo;t too happy with me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta was actually not at the chat because she was on her way back\nfrom a Jain conference in Los Angeles. The Jains had wanted PETA\npresident Ingrid Newkirk, but she sent Sangeeta instead because of the\ntremendous confidence they have in her. Sangeeta had made many Jain\nfriends during her years on the west coast and they were of course glad\nto see her again. One of the neat things Sangeeta was doing was to\ninform them about the animal cruelty involved with dairy since Jains are\nlacto vegetarian. The conference was a great success and of course\nSangeeta was a hit for AR as always!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana and Rachel had a quick discussion about candy which of course\nhas little nutritional value, is bad for your teeth and doesn\u0026rsquo;t do a\nwhole lot for your overall health either.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen during the Zach story, Dyl said something like \u0026ldquo;Imagine how you\nwould feel if prad revealed that he was actually joe blow from sweden\u0026rdquo;\nso I want to make it very clear to everybody that my name isn\u0026rsquo;t joe and\nI have never been to Sweden.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe also talked about the efforts of PETA\u0026rsquo;s Bruce Friedrich who is\nrunning for president on a reality show. It is a great way to gain\npublicity for AR. Here is the link to his page:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://votebruce.org/\"\u003ehttp://votebruce.org/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was time for Zoe to leave and we wish her the best over the next 9\nmonths. Hopefully, we will keep in touch with her via email. All the\nbest Zoe!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana initiated a discussion about how we could assist each other on\nthe forums by contributing ideas and knowledge. For instance, if we are\non a thread and need some new ideas we can help each other out and\ndiscuss approaches with each other on mutually interesting issues. I\nexplained it to Rachel in the following way: \u0026ldquo;say i\u0026rsquo;m trying to convince\nsvw of the value of the tickle tests, ok? now he is totally opposed to\nthem, ok? so i can\u0026rsquo;t make my point clearly as to the benefit of the\ntickle tests, ok? so i consult with you and you give me some ideas -\nlike they are fun, or they assess your personality with accuracy, or\nthey make you smart etc so now i have some new ideas with which to\npresent my case - and have also learned something in the process so that\nis the idea behind this in that it can help us all to be better\nposters.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea seems to be a good one and we just have to figure out the\ndetails as to how to make it work.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron and Rachel got into a neat discussion about snakes and what to do\nif you were bitten by one specifically a rattlesnake. Rachel had an\ninteresting question regarding whether as vegans it is acceptable to use\nan antidote that was made with animal by-products. Ranjana provided the\nbest answer to that from the vegan perspective, I think: \u0026quot; if it\nhappensā€¦ and there is really no alternativeā€¦ and the anti-venom is\nalready thereā€¦ then it makes sense to use it\u0026quot;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeveral people left shortly and Fjord, Kyron and I were left discussing\nthe communication mechanism for Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s forum idea. We figured we\nwould try a maillist or a VeggieChess forum thread. Pleased with this\nplan, we all left.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "020-04-07-11", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/020-04-07-11/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/020-04-07-11/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAn unusually short but still interesting chat this week.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord was in first 10 minutes before the chat started said \u0026ldquo;halode\neverybody\u0026rdquo; and took off.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca came in a few minutes later and found that she was all alone\nhowever Rachel and Michael appeared within 3 seconds of each other and\nBreaca was no longer lonely.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel talked about having her tonsils removed while Breaca talked about\nwatching a concert on tv all of which was especially interesting since\nthey were both talking to each other about these two rather unrelated\ntopics simultaneously.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron and I appeared just in time to hear that Rachel\u0026rsquo;s bad dreams had\nstopped which was a good thing. However Breaca started talking about\nremoving tonsils through the nostrils and removing other body parts the\nway the Egyptians used to. Then Rachel said the Egyptians used to scoop\nthe brain out through the nose so I started wondering what sort of\ndreams she was going to have this time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca suggested that it must be male brains because a female brain\nwould be too large to do that with. Rachel agreed and the two of them\nstarted to congratulate each other on their immense cleverness till I\nasked whether they were suggesting that girls are fatheaded as a result\nof the extra large brains, of course.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBefore I could get any serious reactions to that comment, I brilliantly\nchanged the subject to asking what Kirksey was doing and whether he was\ngoing to sleep again like he did last week. Rachel said that he wasn\u0026rsquo;t\nallowed to till he finished his chores. I naturally asked if he was\nchortling about all this work, but as usual, it went unnoticed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen I told everybody about Yoda our baby rabbit. Rachel asked if\nrabbits can be litter trained which of course they can, but we haven\u0026rsquo;t\nhad to since they seemed to be naturally inclined to be neat and clean.\nYoda, however, is a little chewing monster in that he ate through my\nmouse and speaker wires, which subsequently required soldering.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt the mention of speakers, Breaca\u0026rsquo;s father and I had an indirect\nconversation about KEF, Castle, Mission and Vanderstein makes, through\nBreaca.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt some point, I mentioned how Rachel and David were picking on me, but\nsince she denied it (David would have denied it too), I have to provide\nthe link where this happened, just to make my case:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthr\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthr\u003c/a\u003e Ć¢Ā€Å  amp;page=2\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe action starts with Rachel questioning my very eloquent depiction of\nthe rather strange ritual of lip contact that homo sapiens seem to have\ndeveloped over the past centuries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca then proceeded to blame one of her teachers for not being able to\nspell properly. Apparently, \u0026ldquo;he meant to put on my report i am appealing\nand he put appalling\u0026rdquo;. Now, I leave it to the discretion of the readers,\nto determine the current state of education in Breaca\u0026rsquo;s school, where\nteachers apparently have both the wit and the freedom to create\ningenious puns such as this!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta and Michael talked a bit about the book they were reading\ncalled the Da Vinci Code. Then Rachel said something about being so\nsmart that she was actually stupid, which led me to reflect that \u0026ldquo;they\ndo say that the line between genius and madness is a thin one\u0026rdquo;. I\nsuggested that it is ok to go mad, just so long as one didn\u0026rsquo;t get angry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe were then delighted by the first appearance of our newest member Tony\n(SirUlrich)! We eventually decided to call him Tony and not William,\nbecause it appeared as though he preferred it that way. Sangeeta didn\u0026rsquo;t\nhelp matters much when she confused Tony with Josh, thinking that the\nformer had an interest in epidemiology. Tony said that he couldn\u0026rsquo;t even\nspell eppydemyologie and I think it would be safe to assume that he\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t have an interest in either, because all he could say afterwards\nwas that his screen was flickering.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt would appear that Sangeeta was on a trend here, because when Michael\nand Ranjana were briefly talking about Les Miserables, she said \u0026ldquo;ya, im\nwatching #1 it i think for the fourth time now..you will realy love the\n3rd oneā€¦anyhow i love all the scenes with aragorn, gandalf and\narawenā€¦.\u0026rdquo;, which is curious since none of these characters were put into\nthe novel by Victor Hugo. (According to Ranjana, Sangeeta apparently\nmentioned Lord of the Rings, but I couldn\u0026rsquo;t find anything of the sort,\nand neither will any of you, because the chatroom conversation gets\nerased every few days.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI pointed out to Breaca that she and Kyron are serpents and she thought\nI was calling her a slimy snake, which of course I wasn\u0026rsquo;t since snakes\naren\u0026rsquo;t slimy. As a result of this clarification, she \u0026ldquo;hisses and lays on\nher belly\u0026rdquo;. The rest of Breaca\u0026rsquo;s stay was occupied in understanding what\nit was to be a beautiful serpent in the Chinese calendar, which you may\nlook up right here:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.chinavoc.com/zodiac/snake.asp\"\u003ehttp://www.chinavoc.com/zodiac/snake.asp\u003c/a\u003e (a site that Sangeeta and I\nsimultaneously found)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand the Cat Stevens song Everything Is Beautiful, the words to which can\nbe found here:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ziplo.com/beautiful.html\"\u003ehttp://www.ziplo.com/beautiful.html\u003c/a\u003e (which is not the Chistina\nAguilera one that has the word beautiful in it too)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe got into a discussion about beauty, after there was some commentary\nby Ranjana and Sangeeta as to who had been able to remove the most hair\nfrom my head, and I pointed out how trendy the whole idea is:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;for instance, in henry 8\u0026rsquo;s time, women were required to be extremely\nfat and bulky\u0026rdquo; whereas \u0026ldquo;in elizabeth 1\u0026rsquo;s time they were to be thin and\npale\u0026rdquo; (I didn\u0026rsquo;t go into how they made makeup in that time, with lead and\npig urine, because I thought that no one would like to hear about the\nscience behind it all).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt turned to be very fortunate that I didn\u0026rsquo;t discuss any of this since\nMichael would soon head off for dinner at this time. Rachel took off too\nor was removed by Kirksey who appeared just in time to hear Breaca tell\nus about how they were in the midst of torrential rains. This was neat\nbecause a few days ago we experienced the strongest hailstorm I have\never seen! Breaca left at this point because it would have been risky to\nleave her computer on in this weather.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKirksey told us of his progress with the massage business he was working\non setting up. It isn\u0026rsquo;t easy where he was located since most people are\nnot into that kind of thing, but on the other hand it does give him a\nchance to start something unique.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI headed off to take a shower at this point and my absence was taken\nadvantage of by Ranjana and Kirksey who made some comments to each other\nabout this, thinking no doubt that I wouldn\u0026rsquo;t see them, but obviously\nforgetting that I would when it was time to do the summary! However,\nladened with guilt, Kirksey left or was removed by Rachel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana, though, was quite deservedly much harder hit by her sinister\ndeed (even Michael left her because of what she did though he tried to\nsoften the blow by saying he was going to eat some kale salad) and while\nI was cleansing my body, she attempted to cleanse her conscience by\nwriting Mother Teresa quotes which I\u0026rsquo;ll repeat here for her benefit\nagain:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;If you are humble nothing will touch you,neither praise not disgrace,\nbecause you know what you are.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntense love does not measure; it just gives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpeak tenderly to them. Let there be kindness in your face, in your\nsmile,in the warmth of your greeting. Always have a cheerful smile.\nDon\u0026rsquo;t give only your care but give your heart as well.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell after only 3 quotes, Ranjana figured her penance had been done, so\nshe started talking to Michael who had returned, about kale salad.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, Rachel popped in and out for a bit and told us about her\nscience experiment through which she had found out that water can\nconduct electricity. Unfortunately, she had unintentionally used her own\nbody to do this experiment, but she had survived and the experience\ncertainly removed any boredom she might have been feeling at the time. I\nsuggested that if she was still bored, then she could watch the terrific\nshow, MacGyver, where the hero solves a lot of problems scientifically\nand doesn\u0026rsquo;t electrocute himself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael told Ranjana (but not Sangeeta, who was busy eating\ncontinuously) about some of the interesting things from the Da Vinci\nCode:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;The Priory of Sion is a secret organisation that is keeping the secret\nabout the Holy Grail (historically not completely clear) ā€¦. But some of\nthe masters (the highest in rank in the organisation) were ā€¦. Da Vinci,\nVictor Hugo, Claude Debussy and many others.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe provided this link where some of this is discussed:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.ordotempli.org/priory_of_sion.htm\"\u003ehttp://www.ordotempli.org/priory_of_sion.htm\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor some reason, the link seemed to make Ranjana hungry and she left for\nher smoothie. Well, I left too and missed the return of Sangeeta who had\nfinally finished eating, but seeing that the chatroom was empty, no\ndoubt went back to eating again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen I thought I\u0026rsquo;d go back to get an early start on this summary and who\nshould appear but Fjord! Kyron joined us and we had an interesting\ndiscussion about Crop Circles, those huge patterns that keep appearing\nall over the world in fields. Fjord has actually seen some of them! It\nis hard to say whether these are natural phenomenon, extraterrestial\ncreations or outright hoaxes. Here is a link that Kyron has been using\nin researching all this:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.diagnosis2012.co.uk/blt1.htm\"\u003ehttp://www.diagnosis2012.co.uk/blt1.htm\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana came on and the three of them had an interesting discussion\nabout the trilobites family before departing, but I\u0026rsquo;m not going to tell\nanyone about it.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "021-04-07-18", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/021-04-07-18/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/021-04-07-18/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis was the most hilarious chat ever! You will soon see why if you can\nget through all of it. Just remember you have been warned!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca entered right on time and started talking to herself because no\none else was there. Sangeeta arrived soon after and started talking to\nBreaca. Now those of you who know Breaca and Sangeeta are aware of what\nan ominous pair they have the potential to make.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt started with Sangeeta trying to hide a bit of information from me: \u0026ldquo;i\nhave a secret to tell youā€¦don\u0026rsquo;t tell prad ok? I did somethig really dumb\nthat he would laugh at me aboutā€¦ i put my dress on the wrong way, and i\nwas sturggling to turn it around the right was- and i whaced myself in\nthe nose- and now i have a scab on my noseā€¦lol! im sooo dumb!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow you must realize that Sangeeta had some sort of devious plan in\nmind, because when Breaca wondered whether I would see this she said:\n\u0026ldquo;yesā€¦he will read this logā€¦i\u0026rsquo;m doomed to be reported on the satchat i\nbetā€¦.sighā€¦\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOk, so next they start discussing the dress a bit and Breaca comes up\nwith this diabolical idea: \u0026ldquo;if prad laughs we will make him wear a dress\nto next weeks chat\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand sangeeta \u0026ldquo;bursts out laughing..trying to hold herself upā€“ giggle,\ngiggleā€¦straight face.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo now you know about the conspiracy and the conspirators! Growing\nimpatient to execute this scheme, they figured they should call me so\nthat I hurry up and get into the chatroom, but fortunately, Kyron\nappeared just then and they were both diverted. Kyron told them that he\nwas pursuing chemistry as well as the crop circles and Sangeeta express\na considerable interest in them. Breaca was just beginning to talk about\nthe storms in her area, when Ranjana appeared and was promptly enrolled\ninto the conspiracy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInto all this came Larry and told everyone that he was going to give his\nfirst sermon next Sunday. He was a bit nervous, but very excited! Larry\nis also planning to attend a theological college in the future. After\nreading that Kyron was investigating crop circles, Larry expressed an\ninterest in those as well and then proceeded to ask where I was.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat is when Breaca started the thing rolling: [breaca] \u0026ldquo;he is getting\nDRESSed\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewith Sangeeta adding full support: [sangeeta] breaca\u0026gt;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry suspected he may have missed a good pun but all he got out of\nBreaca was \u0026ldquo;he he he\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was under these disconcerting circumstances that I innocently entered\nthe chatroom. I suspiciously eyed the greetings I received:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; helllooooooo thereā€¦what took you so long?\n[breaca] Hellooooooooo Prad [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] Speak of the\ndevil! {well that is quite understandable considering my profile photo}\n[imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; we\u0026rsquo;ve been waiting for youā€¦..\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand then [breaca] you look nice today Prad\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThinking in my usual lightning fast fashion, I tried a stall tactic to\ngive myself a chance to evaluate the situation: [pradtf] i am trying\nto figure out breaca\u0026rsquo;s pun\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand suspiciously saw that \u0026ldquo;breaca winks at sangeeta\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLuckily, I got a temporary respite because Larry wanted me to look at\nthe excellent pun he had made on the forums (\u0026ldquo;What to call a group of\nferrets may not be your concern, but it is the business of ferrets.\u0026rdquo; a\ngroup of ferrets is a business), but when I returned Sangeeta and Breaca\nlaunched their conspiracy into high gear (hmmm such an appropriate way\nto put it as you will soon see):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; breaca\u0026gt; well we should aDRESS the matter at hand\nshouldn\u0026rsquo;t we breaca? [breaca] sangeeta\u0026gt; Prad is trying to skirt round\nthe issue\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand they were not surprisingly encouraged by Ranjana: [imvegan]\nsangeeta\u0026gt; breaca\u0026gt; you guys are Good!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo they continued:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] breaca\u0026gt; it\u0026rsquo;s all just disskirtting if you ask me!\n[breaca] sangeeta\u0026gt; he will give us a dressing down soon\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry, trying to make the best of this confusion thought that I was\n\u0026ldquo;doing some experimenting with alernate attire ā€¦\u0026rdquo; and you might well\nimagine my surprise at this comment!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca tried to \u0026lsquo;alleviate\u0026rsquo; Larry\u0026rsquo;s concern: [breaca]\npapa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; do you think he looks pretty?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd Ranjana began her participation, making 2 puns though she possibly\nthought she made only 1: [imvegan] may be I can join the fray I find\nall this very disconskirtingā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen feeling guilty \u0026ldquo;breaca hides in the corner\u0026rdquo; for only a moment\nbecause her very next line was \u0026ldquo;ROTFL\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe continued: [breaca] who were you ad dressing Ranjana?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy now I was fully aware of this rather spinister attempt at humour at\nmy expense, but I figured I\u0026rsquo;d better reassure Larry that I wasn\u0026rsquo;t really\ninto fashion: [pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; actually since i only\nwear shorts and tshirts even on the most formal occasions, i can\u0026rsquo;t take\nany of the credit breaca is sending my way\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand I valiently defended myself with: [pradtf] as you can see, breaca\nis attempting to put me under DuRESS\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta expressed her concern: [sangeeta] breaca\u0026gt; oh no, he\u0026rsquo;s\ncatching onā€¦.quick let\u0026rsquo;s hide\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand quite rightly so since I followed with the imaginative: [pradtf]\nbut i don\u0026rsquo;t find it too dressful\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecausing the trouser-wearing Breaca to \u0026ldquo;run to sangeeta and they hold\nhands\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNaturally, I strengthened my position by asking Breaca: [pradtf]\nbreaca\u0026gt; so i suppose you\u0026rsquo;ve been panting then?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca said that she was breathless with long and short pants because\nshe and Sangeeta were hiding in the wardrobe and Ranjana quickly jumped\nin with: [imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; ah.. you are repanting now are you..?\n{repanting = repenting}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI made the observation that: [pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; depending on what is in\nthere, it could be a boredrobe\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhile Sangeeta came back with: [sangeeta] breaca\u0026gt; no, then we will be\nshoeing offā€¦i\u0026rsquo;d rather find a place where no one will pantronize usā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I reflected on the situation: [pradtf] this has become appantomine\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince the puns flowed freely and with mutual inspiration from here on, I\nwill simply let you read the creative results and add commentary, in {}\nas before, only when there seems to be some obscurity in understanding\nthe play on words.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] sangeeta\u0026gt; this could be a tight situation if he in vest\nigates us {tights are stocking-like contraptions and a vest is a device\ndesigned to hamper (yes that is a pun too) the breathing of men wearing\nsuits}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] yes it could be a closet call {a close call}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] sangeeta\u0026gt; maybe you guys could run up to the panthouse to\nhide {penthouse is the highest level in an apartment building usually}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry who had stated earlier that he really wasn\u0026rsquo;t good at puns, showed\nhis newly found abilities starting with these beauties:\n[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] surely, we dare not und\u0026rsquo;resstimate the\nseriousness of this stitchuation {und\u0026rsquo;resstimate = underestimate and\nstitchuation = situation}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] we could go undercover {undercover refers to clothing\ndisguises}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] breaca\u0026gt; we should tell him that we have a vested interest\nin all thisā€¦ {there\u0026rsquo;s that vest contraption again}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] do i have to admit to mistucking at school? {as in tucking in\nyour clothing very appropriate considering that Breaca admitted earlier\nto Sangeeta in the chat to having tucked her dress into her underwear at\nschool}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] hiding undercover could be considered sheeting {sheeting =\ncheating}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] sangeeta\u0026gt; sock it to him {\u0026lsquo;sock it to him\u0026rsquo; is a common\nEnglish phrase meaning to strike or hit}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] breaca\u0026gt; don\u0026rsquo;t let prad throw threads at usā€¦.or else we\u0026rsquo;ll\nhave to sow what we reaped! {sow = sew which is where the threads come\nin}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] that would be quite a feet {I figured I would follow through\non the earlier \u0026lsquo;sock\u0026rsquo; with feet = feat}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; sow what if you have to {and add another sow = so\nthis time}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Breaca pulled the excellent: [breaca] pradtf\u0026gt; of corset it isn\u0026rsquo;t\nsheeting {of corset = of course, the corset being a contraption designed\nto hamper women from breathing}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; you should be thready for all this {thready =\nready}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] this is a very slipper y situation {are slippers slippery?}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; i see you have girdled the issue quite well {girdle,\nfollowing up on Breaca\u0026rsquo;s corset}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] * breaca will run away to Bra zil {Bra, following up on the\ngirdle}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; don\u0026rsquo;t count ry on that! {count ry, following up on\nBrazil}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] breaca\u0026gt; no noā€¦let\u0026rsquo;s go down under-where the kangaroos hop!\n{under-where = underwear}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry had mentioned that he was having trouble making his own puns\nbecause he was so busy laughing at everyone else\u0026rsquo;s so I said: [pradtf]\npapa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; i hope you can bear these puns\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca continued: [breaca] there are no flys on Prad {fly = front\nzipper on pants}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; no there aren\u0026rsquo;t because they are too busy zippering\naround! {well flies do zip around}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta and Breaca were planning to hide in Larry\u0026rsquo;s house so the former\nsaid to the latter: [sangeeta] breaca\u0026gt; sounds like he s cott some\nspace in his little country for us! {he s cott = he\u0026rsquo;s got, with cot\nbeing a type of bedding}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Larry came up with: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] sangeeta\u0026gt; did you know\nthat they have trained some kangaroos to be BOXERS? {boxer shorts are a\ntype of underwear for men}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] who would wear kangaroos under their jeans?\n[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] imvegan\u0026gt; I thought it necessary to BRIEF you\nall on that matter. {briefs are also underwear}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; i bet it would sock it they boxed\nwith humans.. {sock it = suck if, i think that is what was meant here\nand boxed connecting with boxers}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; yes, I appreciate the SHORTS {shorts\nare also pieces of information}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] sangeeta\u0026gt; especially down under {well, shorts\nare worn down under so to speak}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; well only a jeanius would consider doing so {jeanius\n= genius}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; you could sing a thong about it {thong\n= song, thong being a type of underwear or bikini bottom}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] has this thread reached rock bottom? {which is why bottom is\nmentioned}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; that\u0026rsquo;s would have to be a slippery thong {but thongs\nare also a name for slippers}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; no bum notes {again a reference to\nbottom}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] breaca\u0026gt; sewā€¦ this is what we\u0026rsquo;ve come toā€¦ {sew = so}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] imvegan\u0026gt; i must say Ranjana, u must cut back on the\nshorteningā€¦it\u0026rsquo;s starting to shoe on your bellyā€¦. {shortening is a fat\nand shoe = show}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; lardy lardy! {the expression is lordy lordy! and\nlard is a shortening}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; sorry {for making so many bottom\nreferences}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] breaca\u0026gt; no asspology nece ary {adding his own\nbottom allusions though i don\u0026rsquo;t know what is meant by nece ary}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] imvegan\u0026gt; i didn\u0026rsquo;t mean to needle you {back on the sewing\ntheme, needle meaning to bother someone}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; are you blushing because you have mascaraed the\nenglish language? {mascaraed = massacered while mascara is the goopy\nmake up stuff put around the eyes}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen followed a period when everyone congratulated each other on their\nexcellent performances and Sangeeta pointed out that one who makes puns\nis called a pundit (a learned person) with a punchant (penchant or\ndisposition) for plays on words.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Sangeeta brought us back to the clothing theme: [sangeeta]\nEVERYONE\u0026gt;personally i think EVERYONE here should be in a straight\njacket! {straight jacket is what they restrain people in}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecomplemented by Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s: [imvegan] sangeeta\u0026gt; are you shirt about\nthat?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand Larry\u0026rsquo;s: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] sangeeta\u0026gt; I was going INSANE\ntrying to think of a way to do one with \u0026lsquo;jacket\u0026rsquo; {the straight jacket is\nusually used on people who are thought to be mentally ill to the point\nof being uncontrollably violent}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand my: [pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; just jacket up one notch\n{jacket = jack it}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore compliments to each other: [breaca] everyone is good, to a\nfashion {clothing theme again}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] imvegan\u0026gt; it wasn\u0026rsquo;t thimble {thimble = simple as\nLarry pointed out, but it can also be nimble of mind for instance}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] rgoudie\u0026gt; we are all just needlelessly chattingā€¦ {the\nneedle used again, but differently}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay came at this point and people explained what was going on:\n[sangeeta] rgoudie\u0026gt; about a dressing pradā€¦ {a dressing = addressing}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] rgoudie\u0026gt; it\u0026rsquo;s sort of hard to doā€¦ take a look at the\nconverstionā€¦. it\u0026rsquo;ll keep you in STITCHES !!!! {stitches meaning in\nlaughter}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; yes a real WARdrobe {war because we were all\nengaged in this verbal battle}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca then said that she had to leave to wash her hair, so Sangeeta\nused the opportunity: [sangeeta] breaca\u0026gt; dont be a washout!!!! i\nwanted you to stay with me forverā€¦now it\u0026rsquo;s just washful thinking! you\nare in a hairy situation!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas did Ranjana: [imvegan] breaca\u0026gt; oh, so do you have to go now? well,\ndon\u0026rsquo;t be abraid {abraid = afraid, with braid as in hair}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas did I: [pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; don\u0026rsquo;t worry, she won\u0026rsquo;t commit hairykari\n{harikari being suicide}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eas did Michael: [Michael] pradtf\u0026gt; I just committed hairikiri {because\nhe just got a haircut}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca said she was looking for shampoo and got this from Sangeeta:\n[sangeeta] breaca\u0026gt; don\u0026rsquo;t waste your timeā€¦it\u0026rsquo;s all a sham you know!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca flew off and Fjord ran in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen it all started again with Larry commenting: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e]\nI\u0026rsquo;ve been laughing so much I feel like I\u0026rsquo;ve PUNched in the stomach\n[pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; don\u0026rsquo;t punish yourself that way\n[imvegan] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; such PUNishment!! {notice Ranjana and\nI used the same idea here}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; you stole my lineā€¦ [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] you guys\nlike that one? I thought it was a feeble, puny attempt {as in puny\nmeaning small}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] imvegan\u0026gt; apun my word! we both had the same idea! [pradtf]\npapa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; but it was attempting one {returning Larry\u0026rsquo;s\n\u0026lsquo;attempt\u0026rsquo; favor}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; you don\u0026rsquo;t need to PUNctuate it that way\n[sangeeta] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; you\u0026rsquo;ve made my head sPUN so muchā€¦i\ndon\u0026rsquo;t know what to do with it! {another excellent pun on pun}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] pradtf\u0026gt; I was wide opun to the temptation!\n{continuing the tradition}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; \u003cstrong\u003ehint\u003c/strong\u003e my pun to papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e was an\nopening just for youā€¦.i guess i am just ahead of the gameā€¦ {what\nSangeeta wanted me to do here was make a pun on head, but she went and\ndid it herself}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] sangeeta\u0026gt; you always get so heady !!!!! {and Ranjana did a\nvariation on it}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; i wasn\u0026rsquo;t heady for it {so I didn\u0026rsquo;t want to let her\ndown hence heady = ready}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] sangeeta\u0026gt; well I guess you were thinking of pawnsā€¦. {this\ntime pawns = puns}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel and Fjord joined us and Ranjana asked him: [imvegan] fjord\u0026gt;\nhave you ever seen such opuning remarks?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eso I pointed out: [pradtf] imvegan\u0026gt; he couldn\u0026rsquo;t afjord not to\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay couldn\u0026rsquo;t take it anymore: [rgoudie] What is hapPUNing is that\nthese guys all think that they are PUNny.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebut Larry countered with: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] rgoudie\u0026gt; don\u0026rsquo;t\npunderestimate them!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was so impressed that I just had to suggest: [pradtf]\npapa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; if you publish all this in a tabloid, would you\nbecome part of the papabearazzi?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhich inspired: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] pradtf\u0026gt; I was writing things\ndown for the tabloid, but my pun ran out of ink. And of course my puncil\nbroke.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efollowed quite naturally with: [pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; it\u0026rsquo;s a\nheavy lead to bear {note lead = load and the double potential of bear}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; maybe if you had been more PUNctual,\nthis wouldn\u0026rsquo;t have happened {another great variation on the pun theme!}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand more: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] pradtf\u0026gt; what kind of crazy?\nschizopunia? multiple punsonality disorder? [sangeeta]\npapa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; prad\u0026gt; i haven\u0026rsquo;t an inkling what you are all\ntalking about {shifting the flow to the writing utensil}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] sangeeta\u0026gt; thINK it over carefully. {and picked\nup nicely!}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] sangeeta\u0026gt; papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt;pradtf\u0026gt; what\u0026rsquo;s the stINK\nall about? {another great follow-through!}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; all that is very psychillogical {going\nback to Larry\u0026rsquo;s schizopunia stuff}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] imvegan\u0026gt; you should pay closer a-stench-ion {an\nexcellent connection to Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s stink line}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; ureeka!!! {an acknowledgement! reek\nmeans to smell}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] imvegan\u0026gt; What I reek of? {continuing this smelly theme}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] rgoudie\u0026gt; I reekon, you understand {yet again reekon =\nreckon}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] imvegan\u0026gt; isn\u0026rsquo;t that a quote from an ancient\ngREEK? {a little historical switch over}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; I think you\u0026rsquo;d better diSMELL that myth\n{dismell = dispell keeping the connection to both the Greek mythology\nand the stink}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] imvegan\u0026gt; wow you seem pretty brainy today, what\nhappenedā€¦is your head growing larger? or perhaps you are increasing in\nskullā€¦hmmmm.. {a clever acknowledgement with skull = skill}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; yes they were very creteive {creteive =\ncreative going back creatively to the mythology of crete}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] I have sermon preparation material laying all\naround me. I wouldn\u0026rsquo;t want this game to influence the puntification I\u0026rsquo;ll\nbe doing. {pontification means to express opinions or judgments}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] sangeeta\u0026gt; I suppose you\u0026rsquo;d rather be aHEAD!! {returning the\nbrainy comment}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; ohhhā€¦you have a sermounting task\nahead of youā€¦ {getting back to the sermon}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; you could be the punminister! {and\nagain}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow Larry gets inspired in preparation for his sermon and will make\nseveral Biblical references: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] I\u0026rsquo;ll be preaching\nfrom the book of Phillipuns\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] Michael\u0026gt; is this too PUNchy for you? {Ranjana finds yet\nanother variation on pun}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[fjord] imvegan\u0026gt; I was in my punkin garden; I had to save a bird\n{Fjord joins in}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; a punderful opportunity\n[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] fjord\u0026gt; did it fall from its nest and get\nSQUASHed? {Larry goes into the garden too}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] fjord\u0026gt; i guess the bird\u0026rsquo;s life dePUNded on youā€¦: {yet\nanother!}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] fjord\u0026gt; ya that would really be gourd bad {pumpkins is sort\nof a gourd = too}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[fjord] imvegan\u0026gt; hn. i was more pun ching the neighbour\u0026rsquo;s cat while\nshe tried to reach the nest {the explanation regarding the bird}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] fjord\u0026gt; what a catastrophe !!!!! {going back to the cat}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[fjord] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; no they still are alive and innocent; in\nbothe houses I have a nest {this is interesting since there is letter\nsharing between \u0026lsquo;both\u0026rsquo; \u0026rsquo;the\u0026rsquo;}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] fjord\u0026gt; but you catapolted the bird to safety {back to the\ncat}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] pradtf\u0026gt; Very immPRADsive. {Ray sends a compliment}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] rgoudie\u0026gt; I agree with your appRAYsal {and Larry\nacknowledges it}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] rgoudie\u0026gt; thanks that was goudie of you to say so {and I\nreturn it}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[fjord] what is up with yoy all: pun strokes ? {as in sunstroke}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; Than you BEARy much. {ray acknowledges\nLarry\u0026rsquo;s comment}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] fjord\u0026gt; no we are just a bit luny {luny = looney but also as\nin lunar connecting with Fjord\u0026rsquo;s sunstroke}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow Larry puts his Biblical references into high gear:\n[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] our text this morning is from Phillipuns 2:27.\n\u0026ldquo;ā€¦God had mercy on himā€¦so that I would not have sorrow upun sorrow.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; you are going to revolutionize the JOB\n{getting a little encouragement}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; you can be the puntificating preacher!\n{and a confirmation!}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] pradtf\u0026gt; with preaching like this, we\u0026rsquo;ll get\nlarge NUMBERS of people into the church.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; it will be very punoramic {from\nRanjana too!}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] imvegan\u0026gt; I\u0026rsquo;m sure that\u0026rsquo;s true. You\u0026rsquo;re all great\nJUDGES of this sort of thing. [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] imvegan\u0026gt; I just\nhope the MICAHphone will carry my voice clearly enough.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; well you are sure to rope them in with\nyour larryate {a lariat is a lasso however the intrepretation could also\nbe laureate which is an award winning writer}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; will they just be numbers, or NUMBers\nafter the there the puntificating of the preacherā€¦ {variation on\nnumbers}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] sangeeta\u0026gt; these Biblical puns are getting\nRUTHless [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] imvegan\u0026gt; thanks for not\nunderESTHERmating me\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; you can COUNT on me {back to the\nnumbers}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel felt she had to make her contribution with what she said was the\nonly pun she knew: [remora91] this was at white mills camp. i was\nstanding in line to play carpet ball. this one girl had 2 balls in her\nbank. while she was serving the guy next in line took the two balls out\nand put them in his pocket. the girl who was playing saw this and\nsaid, - wait i ran out of room. Give me back my two balls I know they\u0026rsquo;re\nin your pants!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe added: [remora91] It doesn\u0026rsquo;t sound that funny now but it was\nhilarious then. we all burst out laughing. our minds are so twisted at\nthis age.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] remora91\u0026gt; simply aballimable! {helping out a bit aballimable\n= abominable}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry continued: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] imvegan\u0026gt; I aim to please. I\nwouldn\u0026rsquo;t want to hear any LAMENTATIONS about bad puns.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; i don\u0026rsquo;t think your congregation NOAHs\nwhat they are in for {noah = know}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand: [pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; i\u0026rsquo;m glad you are so ecclisiastic\nabout it {ecclisiastic = enthusiastic}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta announced that she was going have lunch so just as she left, I\nsuggested she was off to eat continuously again. She found out though\nbecause my comment appeared on the screen before she left so she\nreturned to give me trouble and Ranjana suggested:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] sangeeta\u0026gt; that was fast food I guess\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta lunched (lunged) at me: [sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; i came back to\ntell you there is a pastability that i may be doing more that eatingā€¦\n[sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; so don\u0026rsquo;t get saucey with me!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebut I was fortunately able to distract her by telling her how clever she\nwas: [pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; that\u0026rsquo;s using your noodle!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand as she left I bid her adios: [pradtf] pasta la vista\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel mentioned a tomato soup Kirksey had made for her which she\nsaid he claimed he\u0026rsquo;d gotten from Ranjana. This was a total surprise to\nRanjana because she had never given Kirksey any recipe. So this is a\nmystery that needs solving - where indeed did Kirksey get the recipe\nfrom? In any case, it provided opportunities:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] all, this talk of food has made us VEG out I guessā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand: [pradtf] did you know that tomatos grow by themselves? it\u0026rsquo;s quite\nautomatoic\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand the very clever: [Michael] my sTOMATCH TOo i requireing some food\nso I\u0026rsquo;ll leave for now\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry continued working on his sermon now into overdrive:\n[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] my uncle MARK is fAMOuS in the neighborhood\nbecause HEBREWS his own beer. But he got drunk and when he JUDE his\nfood, he didn\u0026rsquo;t chew it thoroughly. He choked. Fortunately, my brother\nJOHN ACTS fast, and slapped his back to JOELt the obstruction out of his\nthroat. After sharing that REVELATION I\u0026rsquo;m exhausted.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana was most impressed and impressive: [imvegan]\npapa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; that is a sign of genisus {genisus (geniuses) =\ngenisis}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord quipped to Larry, \u0026ldquo;Which translation of the bible you are using\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebut Larry quipped back: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] fjord\u0026gt; AlMOSt any\ntranslation should do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand I added: [pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; i guess some could call\nthis imbibling {imbible = imbibe meaning to drink}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry recovered from his exhaustion: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] I have\nenough material here to PHILEMONth\u0026rsquo;s worth of sermons!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand Ranjana provided support: [imvegan] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; or\nbibbling onā€¦. as the brook\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand a bit more encouragement from me: [pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt;\nit will be quite a sermonstration!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord commented in admiration: [fjord] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; i should\nvisit your church; it must be filled with laughter\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eto which Larry asked: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] fjord\u0026gt; would that make\nyou the PROVERBSial prodigal pun? {proverbial prodigal son}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy now Rachel and Kirksey were engrossed in a fight over the soup, so I\ncommented: [pradtf] remora91\u0026gt; i don\u0026rsquo;t think you and your father are\nbeing very souphisticated\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand Ranjana suggested: [imvegan] remora91\u0026gt; now tell me what soup? did\nyou have it for soupper? {soupper = supper}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand Fjord continued: [fjord] imvegan\u0026gt; No it was souper {souper =\nsuper}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry reflecting on his efforts: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] imvegan\u0026gt; I\u0026rsquo;m\non fire tonight! PSALMbody stop me!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen he contemplated: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] imvegan\u0026gt; maybe it\u0026rsquo;s\ndivine inspiration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebut I suggested: [pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; or psalmistry! {as in\npalmistry}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry continued with a little concern: [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] if I\npreach poorly I might get fired from the canon\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebut Ranjana turned it around: [imvegan] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; then\nyou\u0026rsquo;ll be cannonized\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI tried to help too: [pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; won\u0026rsquo;t you preach\nfrom a Leviticustern? {preaching takes place from a lecturn}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl showed up around now, but Fjord left explaining that there was no\nconnection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana explained what had been happening to him: [imvegan] yes we\u0026rsquo;ve\nhad quite a punversation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel said that she wasn\u0026rsquo;t really involved in all this because she\nstill had dignity. Then she added that her comment had backfired. No one\nunderstood what she meant, but then I figured it out. Rachel had been\nafter me for weeks to do silly things (which I am obviously incapable\nof), but I had refused because I had too much dignity. Now she finds she\nhas heaped a considerable amount of this dignity on herself too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn any case, Larry had to leave at this point which was just as well,\nbecause Rachel and Dyl started fighting with each other on a variety of\nissues. First it was venomous snakes. Then it was about cricket. Then it\nwas about blowing things up like cornstarch and fruit (the latter proved\nto be too much for Ranjana who went off to make a smoothie). Then about\nMartha Stewart even though Dyl didn\u0026rsquo;t have the foggiest idea who she\nwas. Then Rachel left for a bit and I talked to Dyl about cricket bats.\nWhen she came back, she was ready to fight some more and on the forums\ntoo. So Dyl figured he would post something quickly and then head off to\nbed before Rachel could reply. However, before he could do this, I\ncleverly departed to write up this most marvellous chat, leaving the two\nsiblings at each others mercy!\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "022-04-07-25", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/022-04-07-25/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/022-04-07-25/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eLori was the first in after a long absence! In fact, she was early! So\nearly that she had no one but herself to talk to. So that is just what\nshe did. Her conversation with herself touched upon an explanation as to\nwhy she was early (she felt she would forget if she weren\u0026rsquo;t), what time\nit was where she was, summer vacation, the time in Canada and finally\nhaving exhausted all possible topics of conversation that she might\ninterest herself in over a whole hour, she started to sing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry must have heard her, because he came in just then! They hadn\u0026rsquo;t met\nbefore so introductions were made and they each proceeded to tell the\nother how they became part of the VeggieChess family.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron and Sangeeta appeared within 1 second of each other and had a\nlittle chat about the chemistry Kyron was studying. Sangeeta explained\nto Larry about Lori\u0026rsquo;s background in saving Daisy the pig which is\ndiscussed at length in this thread:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=9330\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=9330\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere followed a brief discussion regarding Lori\u0026rsquo;s Straight Edge thread:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://timeforchess.com/board/showthread.php?id=10372\"\u003ehttp://timeforchess.com/board/showthread.php?id=10372\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is interesting how people are surprised when they come across some\npeople who don\u0026rsquo;t drink, smoke, do drugs (even caffeine) because some of\nthese habits are made to appear so natural in society. I recall that\npeople used to say that I was a model teenager because I didn\u0026rsquo;t drink,\nyet the same people thought I was weird several years later for exactly\nthe same reason! Sangeeta put it in a very interesting way:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;ya i don\u0026rsquo;t like to put stimulants in my bodyā€¦id rather just use my own\nresources to get \u0026ldquo;high\u0026rdquo; or get energyā€“ i see too many people dependent\non things outside of themselves- and that can lead to misery!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry and Lori both thought they might stop the caffeine. Larry had\nalready won his battle against cigarettes, but Lori was not so fortunate\nin that she has developed asthma from second-hand smoke from her mother.\nHaving been one of the earliest and active members of the Non-Smokers\nRights Association back in the 1970s, I can only emphasize how dangerous\nsecond-hand smoke really is.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry and Sangeeta started up a few puns, just to bring back memories of\nlast week\u0026rsquo;s chat, but it didn\u0026rsquo;t go too far - well, at least not yet -\nthough Lori was probably getting a fair idea of what to expect\nconsidering Larry asked her if she ever went \u0026ldquo;expLORIng in f-LORI-da\u0026rdquo;.\nIn fact, it was curious that Sangeeta told Lori not to encourage Larry\nbecause she said that \u0026ldquo;he\u0026rsquo;s gonna start punning all over the place if\nyou give him an inchā€¦he\u0026rsquo;ll take a mile!\u0026rdquo; That is rather a case of the\nrot calling the metal, plaque (well we do the best we can with what\nwe\u0026rsquo;ve got, so if you don\u0026rsquo;t get it, just ask)!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay came in then and told everyone that the cat Mena\n(\u003ca href=\"http://shell.pubnix.net/~rook/DSC00056.JPG\"\u003ehttp://shell.pubnix.net/~rook/DSC00056.JPG\u003c/a\u003e) who had been living at\ntheir place for several weeks, was being taken to adoption! People\ncongratulated Ray on the excellent postings he had contributed to the\nKFC Supplier Cruelty Expose thread:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=12554\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=12554\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI have to admit that one particular post of Ray\u0026rsquo;s which specifically\naddressed SVW, was so excellent that I woke up at 4am one morning\nlaughing about it and wasn\u0026rsquo;t able to get back to sleep for quite a\nwhile!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori was particularly glad that KFC\u0026rsquo;s involvement had been revealed\nsince she had been leafleting against the company since the beginning of\nthe year. The cruelty exposed in that thread (as well as through the\nlink to the very graphic undercover video) though is perhaps best\ndescibed with Larry\u0026rsquo;s words after he returned from reading it:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;That\u0026rsquo;s hideous. May God forgive them\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay mentioned that they were concerned about their cat Gallahad who has\nliver problems and Sangeeta said that her roomate has found that cats\noften develop liver problems because they are fed commercial cat food\nwhich contains slaughterhouse products with tumors and other diseases\n(as well as euthanized bodies of pets) and recommended a great site to\nvisit\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.vegancats.com/\"\u003ehttp://www.vegancats.com/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome people think that because cats are naturally carnivorous, they have\nto be fed meat. What they don\u0026rsquo;t realize is that cat food is largely\ncereal anyway and that the dietary requirements of cats can be met\ncompletely through vegetarian sources including the specific need for\nthe amino acid taurine. We get our vegetarian cat food through Evolution\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.petfoodshop.com/\"\u003ehttp://www.petfoodshop.com/\u003c/a\u003e). If you wish to make your own vegetarian\ncatfood, you can get complete nutritional supplementation through James\nPeden\u0026rsquo;s HOANA (\u003ca href=\"http://www.vegepet.com/about.html\"\u003ehttp://www.vegepet.com/about.html\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen there was a quick and interesting discussion about how people don\u0026rsquo;t\nreally get to find out how meat actually is produced:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; the sad thing is that whenever PETA\ngoes undercover, we always find hideous cruelty like that! it\u0026rsquo;s soo\nsadā€¦in the US over 27 BILLION animals are killed for foodā€¦it\u0026rsquo;s just\nunconscienable! [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] sangeeta\u0026gt; I believe very\nstrongly that humankind is failing miserably in our obligation to manage\nGod\u0026rsquo;s creation responsibly. [sangeeta] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; yaā€¦you\nknow tho what gives me hopeā€¦is everytime we show Meet Your Meat videos\n(\u003ca href=\"https://www.meetyourmeat.com\"\u003ewww.meetyourmeat.com\u003c/a\u003e) to passers by- they begin to question thier\nchoices, and some become veg on the spotā€¦it is allowed to continue cuz\npeople don\u0026rsquo;t know what takes place behind closed doorsā€¦ [rgoudie]\nsangeeta\u0026gt; Exactly! You never see a freakin\u0026rsquo; McDonald\u0026rsquo;s or KFC\ncommercial showing how the meat is prepared. Only those smiling faces\nafter the fact ā€¦ It\u0026rsquo;s almost as if these companies expect their\ncustomers to believe that the meat is magically created by divine elves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI came into the room about now only to be greeted by the very suspicious\nlooking:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; oh oh! don\u0026rsquo;t say a word to PRAD!!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, before I was able to pursue this matter, I was very pleased to\nhear that Larry\u0026rsquo;s sermon went really well. Larry even had a joke to\nbreak the ice:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] \u0026ldquo;We have a minor roster conflict this morning.\nIt seems I\u0026rsquo;m scheduled for creche. So I need someone to preach for me \u0026quot;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow for some reason everyone else seemed to get the joke, while I was\nlooking for a pun, so the joke was finally explained to me with a snide\nlittle comment from Ranjana that all jokes don\u0026rsquo;t have to be puns.\nDespite this unfortunate circumstance, I was able to salvage the\nsituation with\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; well i should have known that this sort\nof thing would creche up to me sooner or later\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is Larry\u0026rsquo;s most excellent sermon:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.geocities.com/papa_bear_is_s\"\u003ehttp://www.geocities.com/papa_bear_is_s\u003c/a\u003e Ć¢Ā€Å  script.txt\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKirksey came in not because Rachel let him, but because she was\nsomewhere in Florida. He and Larry proceeded to have a discussion on\npreaching.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry was surprised at how quickly Lori read his sermon and then found\nout that she had also read the particular passage in the Bible the\nsermon was about. However, Lori in telling him all this, mispelled\n\u0026lsquo;read\u0026rsquo; to \u0026lsquo;rad\u0026rsquo; and that started a radvalanche:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[bestofme] Well, I read the scripture first in my bible, and then went\nahead to rad your sermon [bestofme] *read(lolā€¦radā€¦)\n[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] bestofme\u0026gt; the meaning is RADically different\nthat way [imvegan] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; don\u0026rsquo;t be radiculous\n[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] pradtf\u0026gt; you didn\u0026rsquo;t find the ending radundant?\n[pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; no only radiant! [imvegan]\npapa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; no he was rady for it [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e]\nimvegan\u0026gt; pRADtf is always ready for a pun! [imvegan]\npapa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; aww youre just paRADing your stuff\n[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] imvegan\u0026gt; just plying my tRADe [sangeeta] i\nthink all of you are just RAD dude!! [imvegan] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt;\nwell, you;ve gRADduated now [sangeeta] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; well the\ngood thing is that we all RADify your sermon!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut when Larry said he was out of rad puns, I tried to take things in a\ndifferent direction (even though the rad hung on):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; yes but do you think he should preach from an\naltar? [sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; not in his punny stateā€“ it might create an\naltrication! [bestofme] I know of some sermons through RADio\n[kirksey957] That would be RADical [sangeeta] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt;\ncongRADulationsā€¦you did your best! [pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; agreed! people\nmight think he had altarior motives [imvegan] sangeeta\u0026gt; are you\ntrying to be altaruistic? [sangeeta] imvegan\u0026gt; no..my altar ego just\nshows through sometimes [imvegan] sangeeta\u0026gt; well it has no\naltarnative! [pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; but he could always counter those\npeople by saying he was just exercising his freedom of preach\n[imvegan] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; don\u0026rsquo;t fALTAR !! [pradtf]\npapa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; guess that altared your plans\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Sangeeta brought fashion into the whole thing:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; just for thatā€¦i think you can wear a\nhalter topā€¦your wife could lend you one [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e]\nsangeeta\u0026gt; I\u0026rsquo;m not BRAve enough to preach in one [imvegan]\npapa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; oh brather!! I just got that one [sangeeta]\npapa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; i think in this way they will be inspiredā€¦but you\nstill might remain emBRArassedā€¦ [imvegan] sangeeta\u0026gt; don\u0026rsquo;t be mean,\nyou should emBRAce him\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen for some reason, Larry got inspired to put his sermon to rap music:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] Yo, listen up, \u0026lsquo;cause I\u0026rsquo;m \u0026lsquo;bout to get my preach\non [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] Mark chapter 2 is the text I will teach from\n[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] Jesus comin\u0026rsquo; home to Capernaum\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand with a little help from Sangeeta:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; jesus was a man from gal\u0026rsquo;leā€¦and he\ncan to earth to set us freeā€¦ LOL! [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] People\u0026rsquo;s\ngathered \u0026lsquo;round. Where was dey from? [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] Galilee,\nJudea, Jerusalem [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] Fo\u0026rsquo; men wit\u0026rsquo; a paralytic come\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori returned to exclaim:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[bestofme] wow, I\u0026rsquo;m glad I left when I did, with all this rap \u003cstrong\u003ecough\ncough\u003c/strong\u003e talentā€¦..\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebut Sangeeta countered with:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] bestofme\u0026gt; well it least its not the cRAP you hear on the\nradio!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand I pointed out:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] bestofme\u0026gt; larry is not standing on sermony\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efollowed by these conclusions:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; i love this RAPsody [imvegan]\npapa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; you have such good RAPport with your audience\n[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] kirksey957\u0026gt; I\u0026rsquo;m starting my own clan. The\nRAPostles\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo which I had to add:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; well that\u0026rsquo;s bound to be letter than the\napostal service\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay reappeared having taken Mena to adoption, so everyone took advantage\nof that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] rgoudie\u0026gt; you must have rayarraynged your activities\n[bestofme] Theres a RAYPture of rain coming down over here [pradtf]\nbestofme\u0026gt; you can\u0026rsquo;t put a reign on rayin [rgoudie] Did I make it???\n[pradtf] grayt!!! [sangeeta] rgoudie\u0026gt; congraytulations!\n[sangeeta] rgoudie\u0026gt; a ray of hope just decended upon usā€¦ [imvegan]\nrgoudie\u0026gt; it\u0026rsquo;s not a bad thing so you can raylax\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen the focus turned to Lori because she had commented on the puns:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[bestofme] lol! you guys are going to me with laughter! [sangeeta]\nbestofme\u0026gt; ohhhhā€¦isn\u0026rsquo;t it gLORIous! [pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; well she is\nquite loriticulate you know [imvegan] sangeeta\u0026gt; so many puns\nSangeeta, just depLORIble!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo guess who should come along in the middle of all this? It was Dyl!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe puns had apparently made Lori hungry and she was about to go and\nhave a bean and rice lunch, but she was dylayed with:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] bestofme\u0026gt; can u share? i\u0026rsquo;ve bean so nice to you!\n[pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; you mean bean so rice to you kirksey957] The best\nline of all rap: \u0026ldquo;give me a sista can\u0026rsquo;t resist her. Red beans and nice\ndid miss her.\u0026rdquo; [rgoudie] bestofme\u0026gt; It was RICE of you to visit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd as Larry left to go to bed, Ray sent him the following goodbye:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026gt; Sweet BEANS.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpeaking of disappearing, Kyron told everyone that Ord the snake had\nleft for the 3rd time. He just seems to come and go as he pleases.\nAnother snake, Daedroth was like that last summer. Anyway, just so Ord\u0026rsquo;s\nname wasn\u0026rsquo;t taken in vain:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] kyrontf\u0026gt; Is that an ORDinary occurrence? [imvegan]\nrgoudie\u0026gt; boy, you\u0026rsquo;re sure playing with wORDs\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd after Dyl warned Ray not to encourage the punning in others, he was\nshocked to learn that Ray was really an insnakegator:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] I do RAYdiate PUNshine, don\u0026rsquo;t i. [pradtf] dyl\u0026gt; we are\njust didylling around [rgoudie] dyl\u0026gt; I hope that you make some\nchecks, mate. [imvegan] dyl\u0026gt; i\u0026rsquo;m sorry, Dylan, but we\u0026rsquo;re all involved\nin this repunsive activity\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePoor Dyl desperately tried to fight back:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[dyl] pradtf\u0026gt; \u003cstrong\u003epretends he missed prad\u0026rsquo;s joke\u003c/strong\u003e [dyl] you too,\nranjana?! i had some hope for you. recovery seemed possible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] dyl\u0026gt; i\u0026rsquo;m sorry Dylanā€¦ i know i\u0026rsquo;ve let you downā€¦. i just had\nto opun my mouth ā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta had actually been talking about her flute and everyone wanted a\nconcert so I suggested:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; we could compress your concert into a siTAR file\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori returned from lunch, but was not spared:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] lori is in digestion\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat just about did it for Kirksey who excused himself on the pretext of\nhaving some painting to do, but didn\u0026rsquo;t get away with impunity:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] kirksey957\u0026gt; great to see you Kirk , afer you finish you can\nmake some appaintments\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, it was evident that Dyl was inspired:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[dyl] the puns are becoming rampunt. (just testing the water. A quick\ndip of the toes).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebringing the following encouragement:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] dyl\u0026gt; if you can\u0026rsquo;t dyl \u0026rsquo;em join \u0026rsquo;em\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori had to leave on the pretext of having some chores to do, but she\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t get away with impunity (just in case anyone missed the first\none):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] lori is choretling off\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Dyl made a rather strangelooking comment:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[dyl] .\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I had to ask:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] dyl\u0026gt; like what\u0026rsquo;s your point\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eto which he replied:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[dyl] oops. [dyl] pradtf\u0026gt; what\u0026rsquo;s your pointā€¦.oh dear, prad. lol\n[dyl] the . was an attempt to refresh the page. nothing was coming up.\nI also wanted to give you a chance to make another terrible joke or two.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOut of the blue (as so often it happens), Sangeeta asked:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; do you think i should watch fiddler on the roof\ntoday?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand received:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; can\u0026rsquo;t you watch him on tv instead? [dyl] or\nfetch him a ladder?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was late for Dyl and he mentioned being tired so we got to do this\nagain:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] dyl\u0026gt; that reminds me - do you know why a bicycle can\u0026rsquo;t stand\nup by itself? [dyl] pradtf\u0026gt; no, please enlighten me! [pradtf] dyl\u0026gt;\nwell, it is two tired [dyl] pradtf\u0026gt; horrible!!!!!! [pradtf] dyl\u0026gt;\ndo you know why tricycles stopped being used? [dyl] pradtf\u0026gt; lol. why?\n[pradtf] dyl\u0026gt; they keep getting sent into three tirement [dyl]\npradtf\u0026gt; i\u0026rsquo;m literally shaking my head right now.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay brought a bit of physics into it:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] pradtf\u0026gt; Do you mean when the wheels are stationary?\n[pradtf] rgoudie\u0026gt; well there is a demon that keeps them up when they\naren\u0026rsquo;t stationary called anghoular momentum\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll this got Lori (you see, she wasn\u0026rsquo;t able to leave) to make the\nfollowing twisted joke:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[bestofme] there were two pretzels walking down the street, one got\nbeaten up, and one got as-salted!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd Dyl tried:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[dyl] i\u0026rsquo;ve told my \u0026lsquo;bird pooing on the windscreen\u0026rsquo; joke, haven\u0026rsquo;t i? i\nreally need to find a few more one day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebut we won\u0026rsquo;t go in to this because after telling the joke, Dyl felt he\nshould stick to chess. However, he wasn\u0026rsquo;t let off that easily because\nRanjana (who had typically forgotten the punchline to the joke even\nthough she had heard it before from Dyl) added:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] dyl\u0026gt; AH well chess might be an impoovement!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewith Sangeeta still focussing on the meaning of it all:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] dyl\u0026gt; hmmmā€¦still thinkingā€¦i don\u0026rsquo;t mean to poo poo your\nattempt thoā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl did insist though that his joke was still better than my efforts\nfrom a while back:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[dyl] pradtf\u0026gt; but you must admit, it did beat your \u0026ldquo;let\u0026rsquo;s leave\neveryone in suspense for half an hour\u0026rdquo; dancing joke hands down.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eeven though no one was allowing me to tell that joke (I seem to have\nforgotten what the joke was though for some reason).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay and Sangeeta started up a discussion on hypnosis, soul and mind, the\nformer being an expert on hypnotherapy. I had asked what the\nrelationship was between the soul and the mind. Sangeeta came up with\nthis rather neat comment:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; when they come together..you get soulitudeā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay\u0026rsquo;s description was very interesting and the following ensued:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] pradtf\u0026gt; In my humble opinion, the soul is conscious,\nintelligent energy, and the mind is that portion that interfaces with\nthe physical world. [pradtf] rgoudie\u0026gt; then you don\u0026rsquo;t see it as mind\nbeing conscious and soul be sub or beyond conscious? [rgoudie]\npradtf\u0026gt; Not as I see it. In my belief system, we are all souls, each\nable to experience physical reality through these vehicles we call human\nbodies. The conscious mind is merely a sharp point that gradually widens\nuntil it encompasses the entire soul mind. This is where I believe the\nterm expanding one\u0026rsquo;s consciousness arose. [pradtf] rgoudie\u0026gt; that is\ninteresting - so the interface with the physical world, the conscious,\nmay not be aware of the soul, hence, we do not really know ourselves\n[rgoudie] pradtf\u0026gt; A hypnotherapist will place a subject in trance.\nWhat this means is that the conscious mind is set aside so that the\nmore-expanded soul mind may be fully present. This is where the memories\nof our experiences are stored. Too many people do not even believe in\nthe soul, so they are not able to access any such memories. If folks\nwould bother to investigate, they would be amazed at the experiences\nstored in their deeper mind. [pradtf] rgoudie\u0026gt; yes but the way you\nhave described it is very interesting because it seems to explain the\ndichotomy that we are often told to resolve - that of knowing oneself\n[rgoudie] pradtf\u0026gt; Yes, truly knowing oneself. This is always what is\nintended when one is told that \u0026ldquo;all answers are within\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was curious about the degree of connections between souls in this\nmodel:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] rgoudie\u0026gt; ok now if the souls are the conscious, then can\nsouls be connected other than by conscious communication? [rgoudie]\npradtf\u0026gt; Yes, souls communicate conceptually. [sangeeta] rgoudie\u0026gt;\nwhat do you mean by that? [imvegan] rgoudie\u0026gt; well, it makes sense to\nme that soul wouldn\u0026rsquo;t be bound by language rgoudie] sangeeta\u0026gt; Well, I\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t want to use the term \u0026ldquo;telepathy\u0026rdquo;, but there it is. Only the\nphysical plane requires language, because humans do not believe that\nthey may communicate any other way. [sangeeta] rgoudie\u0026gt; prad and i\nhave talked about thatā€¦telepathy concept [rgoudie] imvegan\u0026gt; Once the\ndoubting, interfering conscious mind is out of the way, then you would\nbe utterly amazed at what is possible! [sangeeta] rgoudie\u0026gt;\ninteresting cuz prad and i were talking about thatā€¦and perhaps what we\nverbalize is something within our subconscious mind being worked behind\nthe scenesā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta wanted to know how I thought Ray\u0026rsquo;s model explained the \u0026lsquo;know\nthyself\u0026rsquo; concept:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt; well if mind is the connection to physical reality\nand must expand to include the soul, as ray has put it, it means that we\ncan\u0026rsquo;t know ourselves (the soul being the conscious) till we put a little\neffort into it\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn other words, the interface alone (the mind being the interface to\nreality), can only be aware of what it comes into contact with. However,\nthat is a contact with things exterior to the consciousness or soul\nwhich is where the \u0026rsquo;thyself\u0026rsquo; resides.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen I asked:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] rgoudie\u0026gt; ok then - where does the subconscious fit in with\nrespect to mind and soul?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay answered:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] Picture a sun as drawn by a youngster. It is essentially a\ncircle with bumps, correct? Imagine that the point of each bump is a\nconcious mind currently focused in the physical and involved in its\nday-to-day activities. If you recede away from the point, you expand\nyour consciousness until you evetually have access to the entire circle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother way of looking at this would be to expand the point till it\nencompasses the circle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] The so-called subconscious is nothing more that the same\nmind that is less focused in the physical. I use the terms conscious and\nsubconscious, but do not intend for them to be related to the Freudian\nconcepts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat made Ray\u0026rsquo;s model so interesting was that it was saying that the\nsubconscious and conscious are the same, that there is only one mind but\nwith a different focus, sort of like peripheral vision. Ray thought that\nwas a good analogy and added:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] Hypnosis is nothing more than the formal attempt to cause a\nmind to expand away from the tip and access deeper parts of itself. When\nthe filtering conscious mind is set aside, then amazing transformations\nmay take place.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay wished to know about my \u0026lsquo;picture\u0026rsquo; of all this and see if the ideas\nwere similar:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] the idea that we have is that the conscious is what we are\nrationally aware of - similar to your idea of the buffer to reality\nhowever, the subconscious is something that is a bit like a drop in an\nocean - individual but linked with the rest of the ocean. The peripheral\nvision comes in here as well though at a different level, and expanding\nyour conscious here means to not focus on the \u0026lsquo;desires\u0026rsquo; of the obvious\nso that you can connect with the subconscious, and knowing yourself\nmeans to link with that ocean. [sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; the ocean being the\n\u0026ldquo;universe\u0026rdquo; somehow linking to the cosmos and the secrets that lie\nthere - that\u0026rsquo;s interesting for the following reason..i think that\n\u0026ldquo;ocean\u0026rdquo; if you will is where imagination liesā€¦and that is where Einstein\nacessed some of the mysteries of the universe. [rgoudie] sangeeta\u0026gt; I\nagree. Most breakthrough ideas come from this collective mind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay wondered what \u0026lsquo;yourself\u0026rsquo; meant in this context:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] yourself is not what your conscious understands - that is an\nillusion or as the hindus say maya [sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; what do you\nmean yourself is not what your consicous understands?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince the conscious is able to perceive only external stimuli (eg the 5\nsenses), then it is safe to assume that what is being perceived is the\nstimuli as opposed to the reality behind it. In fact, the conscious\ncannot even be sure that the interpretation it makes about the reality\nbehind the stimuli is accurate. Hence, how can the conscious possibly\ncomprehend something such as \u0026lsquo;oneself\u0026rsquo; when this concept doesn\u0026rsquo;t even\noffer detectable stimuli.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI explored the comparison between the two models:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] what i find really interesting about rays idea is that it\ndefines knowing oneself as a positive activity whereas as the other idea\nis a negative one [sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; the other idea is a negative\none? don\u0026rsquo;t understand still [rgoudie] pradtf\u0026gt; Negative? [pradtf]\nray expands the mind to eventually include the soul - a positive or\nexpansive activity - the other way is to acknowledge maya for what it is\nand deny its existence - a negative or excluding activity, by\neliminating maya you get to the good stuff. Both very interesting and\ncredible, imho though the concepts and axioms are somewhat different.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat seems to make the concepts different, of course, is that the axioms\nare different. Ray wondered whether the ideas were topologically similar\nwhich certainly seem so:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] you just have to shift a few terms around and deal with the\npositive/negative discrepancy in creative way\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance, the \u0026lsquo;conscious\u0026rsquo; is the same in both, but Ray\u0026rsquo;s soul is\nsimilar to what I am calling the \u0026lsquo;subconscious\u0026rsquo;. His idea of knowing\noneself amounts to expanding the former so that it can merge with the\nlatter, whereas in my model the subconscious is allowed to come forth\nwhen the perceptions of the conscious are revealed to be the illusions\nthey are. In Ray\u0026rsquo;s model, souls can communicate through telepathy,\nwhereas in mine they are linked together as drops in an ocean.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay asked about belief systems:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] rgoudie\u0026gt; in terms of my belief systemā€¦i don\u0026rsquo;t know if\nthere is a godā€¦i don\u0026rsquo;t care if there isā€¦what i do care about is WHO i am\nand the integrity that i live withā€¦.pretty much that dictates everything\ni do and thinkā€“ well at least it is suppose to [rgoudie] For me, as\nyou probably have already guessed, I believe that we are all souls\n(comprised of conscious, intelligent energy, known as \u0026ldquo;spirit\u0026rdquo;), and\nthat we experience the physical using human bodies. Once these bodies\ndie, the portion of energy that was responsible for the physical is\ndrawn back .. [sangeeta] rgoudie\u0026gt; if there is a godā€¦it was would be\nthe divinity that i see in life all aroundā€¦.in the workings of the atom,\nin the creation of a galaxy, and in the blinking of it allā€¦it\u0026rsquo;s all\ndivine! [rgoudie] into the oversoul and the experiences are merged.\nThis physical plane is nothing more than a 3-dimensional training ground\nfor souls. 13:22:10 [sangeeta] rgoudie\u0026gt; more recently then, for me\ngetting to know godā€¦is the exploration of science and natureā€¦and getting\nto know self is the quest for integrityā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe three dragons all liked that. I had to leave at this point and though\nSangeeta and Ray continued to engage in a most interesting discussion\nregarding the varieties of dragons, I will conclude this summary with\nRay\u0026rsquo;s beautiful comment to Sangeeta regarding integrity:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] sangeeta\u0026gt; perhaps it is because you act according to your\nbeliefs IN SPITE of the resistance that you encounter. To me, this makes\nyou a shining soul! I have respect for anyone that is able to maintain\ntheir beliefs in spite of tremendous social and/or peer pressure. This,\nto me, is the definition of integrity.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "023-04-08-01", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/023-04-08-01/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/023-04-08-01/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis was a short chat with very curious beginnings. First Larry appeared\nan hour early to announce that he wasn\u0026rsquo;t going to be around for the chat\nand left. Then Kirksey showed up asking if anyone was home and getting\nno answer, he left for a few minutes but didn\u0026rsquo;t log out. So then when\nRachel logged in from Florida she saw Kirksey was still there and\ncalled:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] dad?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen more emphatically,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] DAD???\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd finally,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] manā€¦ I\u0026rsquo;ll be back at 11\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebut before she could leave, Kirksey appeared so she said\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] hey dad!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen followed this most interesting conversation between father and\ndaughter:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] yeah. i\u0026rsquo;m so excited about today! [kirksey957] Getting\nhome? All the animals are fine. [remora91] i get to talk to everyone\nhere, i get to come home, and i get to talk to jon! yay! [kirksey957]\nDo you want to cut the grass when you get home. It\u0026rsquo;s awfully tall.\n[remora91] \u003cstrong\u003ecough\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003ecough\u003c/strong\u003e stillā€¦ feelingā€¦ sickā€¦ \u003cstrong\u003ecrosses fingers\nbehind back\u003c/strong\u003e [kirksey957] OK, well we\u0026rsquo;ll just let it grow a little\nlonger. [remora91] joy \u003cstrong\u003einsert sarcasm here\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJust then Kyron entered and Rachel tried to talk to him, but after his\ninitial greeting, he wouldn\u0026rsquo;t answer for quite awhile, prompting Rachel\nto conjecture that everyone had died. However, Kyron explained that he\nwas in the process of looking for Yoda Rabbit, who was busy with his own\nactivities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKirksey asked Kyron if he had received a package he had sent:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[kirksey957] Yes, I ordered something for your folks, but I\u0026rsquo;m\nwondering if I had the correct address or they copied it wrong.\n[kyrontf] no we havent gotten it yet [kirksey957] OK, I\u0026rsquo;ll give it a\nfew more days and then call them back and see if they can track it. I\u0026rsquo;m\ntrying to influence the \u0026ldquo;goad to be freindly\u0026rdquo; contest. [remora91] oh\ngod, what\u0026rsquo;d you send? [kirksey957] A beautiful picture of me in all my\nglory. Just kidding. [kyrontf] kirksey957\u0026gt; lol [remora91]\nnooooo!!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere was no further discussion on the topic after Rachel\u0026rsquo;s exclamation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel commented to her father that she had a very busy social life\nand proceeded to demonstrate it with:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] zzzzzzzzzzzzā€¦ā€¦ā€¦ā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKirksey wondered if Kyron continues homeschooling during the summer and\nwhen the latter answered in the affirmative, Rachel was shocked:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] \u003cstrong\u003efalls out of seat\u003c/strong\u003e how can you stand that??? [kyrontf]\nwell, it\u0026rsquo;s fun stuff we doā€¦ā€¦ā€¦ā€¦ā€¦..soā€¦ā€¦. [remora91] like? [kirksey957]\nI imagine that what he and his dad do is very individualized and fun..\n[kyrontf] we started linear algebra recently, i\u0026rsquo;m starting chemistry\ntooā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat proved to be a little too much it seems because as soon as Ranjana\nentered, Rachel exclaimed with great relief:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] YAY!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebut Kyron said she was having trouble getting in, so she expressed her\nimmense disappointment:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] NOOOOO!!!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca came in and told Kirksey that she was wearing a bikini because it\nwas so hot where she was, so Kirksey asked if they had air conditioning.\nBreaca said no they didn\u0026rsquo;t, but they had windows specifically XP. (I\nthought this was really funny so I had to tell the whole story).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana meanwhile still hadn\u0026rsquo;t solved her problem of getting into the\nchatroom, but I wasn\u0026rsquo;t surprised.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Breaca asked Rachel about her boyfriend Adam who really was her\nboyfriend, but had apparently become Breaca\u0026rsquo;s boyfriend and introduced\nthe bizarre word \u0026lsquo;snogged\u0026rsquo; which apparently has something to do with the\neven more bizarre practice of kissing and goopy stuff like that.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKirksey quite rightly couldn\u0026rsquo;t take this kind of stuff anymore and left,\nbut I had the misfortune to enter just at that moment. Fortunately, the\ndiscussion changed to Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s inability to get into the chatroom which\nI had solved by the way, but despite my heroics Breaca suggested:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] imvegan\u0026gt; maybe Prad was blocking you\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand Ranjana responded:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] breaca\u0026gt; you may be right - he said noone was complaining\nthat I couldn\u0026rsquo;t get in\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhich was quite true (no one wrote a single complaint), but even so\nBreaca concluded:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] imvegan\u0026gt; I think he gets scared when we are together\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHa! That\u0026rsquo;s all I have to say regarding such absurdity!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel made the excellent comment from Florida:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] pradtf\u0026gt; i love my relatives and all but after a week i\nwould rather love them somewhere else\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhich allowed me to announce:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] remora91\u0026gt; i understand! i have successfully managed to lose\nall mine\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen while Rachel and Breaca proceeded to negotiate the subsequent\nrights to this Adam entity, I told everyone about Sangeeta\u0026rsquo;s latest\ninvolvement:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] sangeeta is adopting a 12 girl named amanda from a homeless\nshelter - i believe she is with her now [pradtf] it is not a legal\nadoption, but an informal one [Michael] pradtf\u0026gt; she is adopting a 12\nyear old girl??? [pradtf] she met amanda when she was doing her talks\nat the girls and boys club of america [pradtf] amanda is extremely\nspunky and has been writing to IAMs insisting they stop testing on\nanimals [Michael] what do you mean with an informal adoption? will\namanda be living with sangeeta? [pradtf] Michael\u0026gt; no but sangeeta\nwill be trying to bring her over regularly [pradtf] Michael\u0026gt; i\nbelieve she is trying to work it out with amanda\u0026rsquo;s father who is also at\nthe shelter [imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; that sounds greatā€¦ she sounds like a\nreally neat girl [Michael] pradtf\u0026gt; i see ā€¦. that sounds very good ā€¦.\ni hope it will all work out ā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel, Breaca and Ranjana talked in a convoluted way about\ncuteness and dignity or something quite incomprehensible, but it gave me\nthe excellent opportunity to say:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; i prefer to be acute rather than cute\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel commented:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] oh god, here come the puns.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand a few moments later:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[remora91] guys, i\u0026rsquo;ve got to go in like two minutes. it was nice\ntalking with you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca continued us along the acute theme:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] pradtf\u0026gt; isn\u0026rsquo;t that an angle? you are more obtuse [pradtf]\nbreaca\u0026gt; well go finger that out! it may be revealed through an\nexamination of one\u0026rsquo;s cuticles [breaca] pradtf\u0026gt; looks like you nailed\nme [pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; i\u0026rsquo;m glad you digit at last {digit = dig it}\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen she inquired:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] pradtf\u0026gt; what are toenails called? [pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; you\nmean no one has toeld you? [breaca] Pradtf\u0026gt; it was a footnote I\nforgot to read [pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; well i hope it has given you a new\nankle on life\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael and Ranjana joined in:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Michael] breaca\u0026gt; is that what a toenail is called??? that is toe\ndifficult for me toe understand ā€¦ [imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; i really kneeded\nthat! [breaca] I wouldn\u0026rsquo;t thigh to you would I? [pradtf] imvegan\u0026gt;\nthat is very knobbyl of you [imvegan] just get hip about it!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori entered, shortly followed by Kirksey again. The former was having\ntrouble and said that her computer was acting up so I wondered if it\nshould receive an Oscar. I then realized that Lori and Breaca had never\nmet at which point Breaca mourned:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] Prad makes me stay in the attic if we have important guests\nin the chatroom\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eso I told her:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; well i don\u0026rsquo;t want you to come out and attic everyone\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori, who kept appearing and disappearing, told us that she had been to\na concert recently and there was a PETA2 table there. PETA2 is the\ndynamic kids\u0026rsquo; arm of the main organization:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.peta2.com/\"\u003ehttp://www.peta2.com/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen while Ranjana and Kirksey talked about his massage business, Breaca\nand I discussed her potential recruitment into the Jewish clan. It\nseemed that she was thinking about heading into it because the clan\nleader, Shaul, who is a fine fellow, kept asking her to join it - and\nshe seems to have this problem with saying \u0026rsquo;no\u0026rsquo;. I pointed out to Breaca\nthat she is not a commodity and that she should join only if \u0026ldquo;you like\nthe people there or you want to play for another clan or you think you\nare supporting the jewish initiative or even because shaul is nice\u0026rdquo;, but\nthat she shouldn\u0026rsquo;t join just because you can\u0026rsquo;t say \u0026rsquo;no\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael said told us that Larry and Deborah were expecting child number\n3, but I couldn\u0026rsquo;t see why that should prevent him from coming to the\nsatChat. It also seemed obvious to me that they weren\u0026rsquo;t taking the \u0026lsquo;go\nforth and multiply\u0026rsquo; bit in the mathematical sense at all!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Breaca had a great idea:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] I love being in a clan that is so friendly, we should win the\ngoad to be friendly award\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy initial reaction was:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; well considering that you inspired the idea and we\nare holding the competition - i think people might think there is a\nslight conflict of interest\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebut then:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; wouldn\u0026rsquo;t it be hilarious if we made all the others\ngo through with the competition and then presented the prize to\nourselves!! [imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; !!! [breaca] pradtf\u0026gt; Yessssssssssss,\nplease do it kirksey957] Oh yea, I\u0026rsquo;m laughing bigtime! [pradtf] that\nis just like the party i\u0026rsquo;ve been intending to throw and then not showing\nup to it [Michael] pradtf\u0026gt; great idea !!! [pradtf] we should do it\njust to show how delightfully diabolical we can be\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ebut then followed a slight twinge of conscience:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] but that really wouldn\u0026rsquo;t go with the veggiechess image now\nwould it\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen I suggested we say that Kirksey made us do it, he said:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[kirksey957] That\u0026rsquo;s all I need is more arrows coming my way.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I asked:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] kirksey957\u0026gt; why have you been in a lot of rows recently?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe said that certain people were \u0026ldquo;Just challenging my salvation that\u0026rsquo;s\nall.\u0026rdquo; It is so weird in my mind that so many hold that key to the gates\nof heaven, it must drive the poor landlord nuts!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Breaca talked about posting:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] pradtf\u0026gt; well one day i will post, but a lot of girls get\nlewd comments, even when they post about chess. I just need to be\ncareful.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is very unfortunate that anyone should feel that way. It is something\nthat we should unite to do something about:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] there should be a crackdown on ALL sexism on the forums - but\nit won\u0026rsquo;t happen if we avoid the problem\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca commented on how brave Zoe was regarding these things, so I told\nher she had someone to aspire towards! Breaca\u0026rsquo;s parents have a most\nappropriate approach towards her posting on the forums:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] I am allowed to post, and debate but not to argue, and if\nanyone uses bad language or makes improper remarks I must not retaliate\nin kind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand that is just how it should be:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; one should never take the low road considering the\nhigh road is always available!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe shall see ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKirksey commented that Eddie Anders had committed RHP suicide recently\nby swearing his head off and had been removed from the site, leading to:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Michael] kirksey957\u0026gt; these kinds of suicides are fine [pradtf]\nMichael\u0026gt; i guess anyone who dies in switzerland commits swiss side\n[breaca] my friend wanted to die next to a canal - that would be Suez\nside\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca had to leave, but it didn\u0026rsquo;t happen without puncident:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] imvegan\u0026gt; hugssssssss [imvegan] breaca\u0026gt; bit hug to you\ntoo!!! [imvegan] breaca\u0026gt; i meant - BIG!! [breaca] did she bite me?\n[breaca] fangs you ranjana [imvegan] breaca\u0026gt; to tell the toothā€¦. i\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t mean that\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter Breaca left, Kirksey pointed out that Feivel had a short fuse\nleading to the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] people with short fuses deserve to blow themselves up\n[imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; what if he refuses? [pradtf] imvegan\u0026gt; then he is\nconfused [imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; so he must be fusetrated [pradtf]\nimvegan\u0026gt; stop fuse fusing him so much {fuse fusing = foo fooing}\n[imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; your making too much of a fuse! (fuss) [pradtf]\nimvegan\u0026gt; you are adding fuselage to the fire! [imvegan] pradtf\u0026gt; are\nyou talking about fusesil fuels? [pradtf] imvegan\u0026gt; now you are being\nfuelish\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd that was about all Kirksey could endure and with the \u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;m going to\nget with the vacuum cleaner\u0026rdquo; line, he took off. In fact, so did the rest\nof us.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "024-04-08-08", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/024-04-08-08/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/024-04-08-08/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis was a relatively short chat much of it centering around the\ndisgraceful abuse of the RHP TOS - specifically with the rampant sexism\nthat some people just seem to accept. Well, we don\u0026rsquo;t!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnyway, Ranjana started the chat by getting in there first and talking\nto herself with the usual bad typing. Kyron came in afterwards, but\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t say anything to her and I can\u0026rsquo;t say I blame him since the typing\nwas so incomprehensible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry came in next but had to leave for a bit because of a crying baby\nbut he returned shortly. Ranjana then congratulated Larry and Deborah on\ntheir new expectancy pointing out that they are going to be very busy\nand Larry just said:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] imvegan\u0026gt; we\u0026rsquo;re gluttons for punishment!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca and Rachel arrived, but Kyron for some reason was drifting in and\nout of the room repeatedly. Eventually, we couldn\u0026rsquo;t figure out whether\nhe was really with us or not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel complained that some \u0026lsquo;dude\u0026rsquo; had tried to infect her computer with\na virus. Fortunately, it didn\u0026rsquo;t happen though.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana congratulated Breaca on her posting efforts against sexism.\nBreaca\u0026rsquo;s posts have dominated the recommended lists. Here is the thread\nshe started and it is well worth reading:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13049\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13049\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother related thread of concern is the following in which Sangeeta and\nRanjana start the fight against sexism:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13062\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13062\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA large part of the problem is some people think this sort of thing is\nfunny and therefore it is acceptable. Or they hide behind the \u0026lsquo;freedom\nof screech\u0026rsquo; defense. Or they argue that one person\u0026rsquo;s offense is another\npersons \u0026lsquo;cup of tea\u0026rsquo;. Unfortunately, these rationalizations fail to\nacknowledge the damage done propagating derogatory attitudes towards\nwomen. For instance, here\u0026rsquo;s what came out in the conversation:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Remora91] breaca\u0026gt; you forgot asking their bra size, asking if\nthey\u0026rsquo;re a virgin, and asking for phone numbers. [Remora91] all of\nwhich have happened to me. [breaca] I have only had underwear\nquestions [Remora91] ewwwā€¦. [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] Remora91\u0026gt; that\u0026rsquo;s\nawful. Did you notify Russ and Chrismo?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thing must be fought and stopped.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta came in to tell us that she had been watching the Lord of the\nRings. As some of you know, she has taken a homeless 12 year old girl\nnamed Amanda under her wing and the two of them spent the weekend\ntogether doing various things including watching Charlotte\u0026rsquo;s Web and\nLord of the Rings. Amanda apparently has read the books and knows them\nso well that she can point out when the movie deviates from the story.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuddenly, Rachel launched this hair-raising conversation:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Remora91] hey prad\u0026gt; how can i make my hair thinner? [pradtf]\nRemora91\u0026gt; you can pull it out one by one [sangeeta] Remora91\u0026gt;\nummmā€¦he might tell you to associate with me some more! [Remora91] lol\n[Remora91] prad\u0026gt; really! i can\u0026rsquo;t put my hair back in a pony tail\nanymore! its this big fat thing thats sitting on my head! [Remora91]\nits not even hair! [sangeeta] Remora91\u0026gt; how about a hair cutā€¦good\nbarbers can thin out thick hair easily so it is more manageable\n[pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; well you can also cut it short - easier to manage\nfrom what i\u0026rsquo;ve heard [sangeeta] Remora91\u0026gt; funny that you ask prad who\nhardly has any hairā€¦and whatever is left- he shavesā€¦if you go to him,\nhe\u0026rsquo;ll convince you to shave it all off! [pradtf] sangeeta\u0026gt;\nhey!!!!!!!!!! i just saw that hair comment!!!!!!!!!!!! [sangeeta]\npradtf\u0026gt; darn!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTony joined us but not as SirUlrich because he had forgotten his\npassword. So while he was talking with his temporary account, we reset\nhis real account so he rejoined us as himself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Larry showed us the amazing pun he was working on:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] tonight\u0026rsquo;s aching tuba shops took hassles\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI couldn\u0026rsquo;t figure it out, but Breaca did!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2 knights a king 2 bishops 2 castles\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePretty neat stuff, eh!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry was still trying to complete it and we all tried to help out and\neventually came up with version 3:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] a kiwi in tonight\u0026rsquo;s aching tuba shops took\nhassles upon and (opponent) aboard eight puns.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis excellent pun is certainly shaping up nicely and if Larry can work\non it this week, he might be able to finish it in time for his church\u0026rsquo;s\nsermon!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince all this required a lot of thought from all of us, Breaca was\ninspired to start us off:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] if a thought is pensive is a forgotten though expensive?\n[imvegan] breaca\u0026gt; that makes me rather apprepensive\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel was wondering about her purpose in life again with questions\nlike:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Remora91] just wondering, am i a cold hearted witch? [Remora91] and\ndo i deserve to go to hell?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis sort of contemplation is not unusual for a conscientious individual\ntrying to figure out the world since there are so many conflicting\nattitudes and forces out there.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe discussion continued:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; you\u0026rsquo;ll never find out who you are if you live up\nto others\u0026rsquo; expectations\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI wanted Rachel to elaborate and this relieved some of the seriousness:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Remora91\u0026gt; so ?? let\u0026rsquo;s hear it [breaca] lets hear it here [pradtf]\nbreaca\u0026gt; hear here! [breaca] pradtf\u0026gt; you are my hearo [imvegan]\nbreaca\u0026gt; i\u0026rsquo;ve hered that before\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI brilliantly calculated that I would quit while I actually was ahead:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] breaca\u0026gt; i don\u0026rsquo;t know if i can beat that one\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd continued the discussion with Rachel:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; you must also recognize who you are and that you\nhave your own abilities to at least make your part of the world a fair\nand decent one [Remora91] yeah, i know. [pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; when one\nis active in work then one fulfills one\u0026rsquo;s purpose [pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt;\nthat\u0026rsquo;s just what breaca did on the gender thread - and you were doing in\nthe traditional values thread [Remora91] i have an useless purpose\nthen that is if homework counts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Breaca made a terrific suggestion:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[breaca] Rachel and I should get together and do a joint thread\n[pradtf] what a team!!! rachel and breaca!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca, Sangeeta and Kyron left at this time, but Rachel continued with\nme:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Remora91] prad\u0026gt; what if i don\u0026rsquo;t have a purpose? [pradtf]\nRemora91\u0026gt; so? [Remora91] well? [pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; make one\n[Remora91] prad\u0026gt; like? [pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; do you like injustice?\ncruelty? meaness? [pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; there is no shortage of causes\n[Remora91] prad\u0026gt; depends on who its towards. [pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt;\nyes i know that but you know what i mean [pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; and even\nthen - there are ways to eliminate these properly [Remora91] but i\njust want to leave kentucky. i really don\u0026rsquo;t have any aim where i\u0026rsquo;m going\nafter i finish school. [pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; and you will leave\nkentucky - but you don\u0026rsquo;t need to map out your life now [pradtf]\nRemora91\u0026gt; only allow your character to merge with your conscience\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel steered the conversation with a rather interesting argument:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Remora91] prad\u0026gt; urmā€¦ conscienceā€¦ yeah, well, about thatā€¦ [pradtf]\nRemora91\u0026gt; ok go on [Remora91] prad\u0026gt; i don\u0026rsquo;t have one/ [pradtf]\nRemora91\u0026gt; really - and how do you know that? [Remora91] because i\nnever feel quilty when i know i\u0026rsquo;ve done something wrong. [pradtf]\nRemora91\u0026gt; that has nothing to do with your conscience [Remora91] well\nwhat does\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter Rachel told us about a bit of nastiness she had practised on her\nsister many years ago, this fascinating discussion continued:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; what is \u0026lsquo;doing something wrong\u0026rsquo;?\n[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] Remora91\u0026gt; pradtf is right. Don\u0026rsquo;t count on\nfeelings. If you know you\u0026rsquo;ve done something wrong, then you know it.\n[pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; exactly as larry has put it!!\n[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] Remora91\u0026gt; you don\u0026rsquo;t feel guilty, but you know\nit was wrong [papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] Remora91\u0026gt; That\u0026rsquo;s not abnormal. The\nold Puritans used to pray for \u0026ldquo;the gift of tears.\u0026rdquo; They knew that\nsometimes they did wrong things for which they didn\u0026rsquo;t feel guilty, and\nthey prayed for God to stir their hearts accordingly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe all have this conscience, but sometimes we can be good at hiding it.\nOne of the most memorable lines for me was from the movie, KPax where\nthe alien Prot said:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Every being in the universe knows the difference between right and\nwrong.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe concluded:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; the fact that you knew this was wrong, proves you\nhave a conscience - you just need to let it out for some fresh air\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen the sublimity took a curious turn:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Remora91] okay. brb [pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; i didn\u0026rsquo;t mean that you have\nto take your conscience out right now to give it some fresh air\n[Remora91] lol. i know. i just had to see what my sister thought of my\nhat. [imvegan] Remora91\u0026gt; is it new? [Remora91] its actually not a\nhat. its a binder that i\u0026rsquo;m wearing on my head. she says i look stupid.\nLol.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe will not continue any further with this.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry told us he had severely hurt his pelvis by bumping it into a steel\ntable a couple of days ago. This led into an interesting conversation\nabout doctors and health. Larry figures that if the pain goes away in\nanother day or two he\u0026rsquo;ll leave it, otherwise, he\u0026rsquo;ll have it checked for\nfractures. [Update: Larry has told us that he did go to the doctor and\nthere is nothing to be concerned about.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry had asked us:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[papa_bear\u003c/sub\u003e] pradtf\u0026gt; why don\u0026rsquo;t you go to doctors? [pradtf]\nwe never get sick\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn interesting topic we intend to pursue in the future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana announced:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] i have a bunny beside me on this desk ā€¦. [Remora91] awww!\n[imvegan] yesā€¦ it\u0026rsquo;s Yoda! [Remora91] you mean the one that ate your\nstereos? [imvegan] he sometimes types for me ā€¦ I\u0026rsquo;m sure you can\u0026rsquo;t tell\nthe difference.. [Remora91] lol [imvegan] yes, the one that chewed\nthe speaker wires.. now talking about having a purpose!! [Remora91]\nimvegan\u0026gt; exactly why i don\u0026rsquo;t have a rabbit! [imvegan] he just took\nKyron off the internetā€¦ [Remora91] lol [imvegan] but Rachelā€¦. he is\nsooooooo cute ā€¦just one look and you forget about all that stuff ā€¦\nunfortunately. you know, he has this attitudeā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay joined us then to announce that Mena had been adopted:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] Well, Mena is on her way to her new home. A nice family came\nby and they seem very well suited to take care of Mena. [pradtf] mena\nhappy returns to her! [rgoudie] Mena spent one month in ur computer\nroom, but now she has a home of her own. [pradtf] well i\u0026rsquo;ve heard of\ncomputer bugs so why not\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuddenly, Doug flashed in after an absence of many weeks! Doug hadn\u0026rsquo;t\nmet Rachel before, so Ranjana did her typical and excellent\nintroduction:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] Dough meet Rachel, Kirk\u0026rsquo;s daughter, and veggiechess family\nmemeber\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I\u0026rsquo;m not going to say anymore about this other than Doug didn\u0026rsquo;t leave\nimmediately.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInstead, we had a lengthy conversation about the state of the forums:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[flash] imvegan\u0026gt; Regarding RHP. Forums are not the best these days.\n[rgoudie] flash\u0026gt; I know! So many lame topics. [rgoudie] flash\u0026gt;\nNothing but Christian versus atheist volleying. [imvegan] flash\u0026gt; yes,\nthe insults are really bad ā€¦ i had one hurled at me ā€¦ it sure is a\nstrange thing [pradtf] why are we allowing pimping threads on rhp?\n[pradtf] why was cribs allowed to go after rbhill? [rgoudie]\npradtf\u0026gt; Yeah, even though it has become Cribs trademark schtick, I find\nsome of them offensive. [flash] pradtf\u0026gt; I didn\u0026rsquo;t realize that\nhappened. I need to read more. [imvegan] rgoudie\u0026gt; the whole idea of\npimping is awful and \u0026ldquo;ho\u0026rdquo; are talked about as sub human - that\u0026rsquo;s not\nfunny ever [pradtf] flash\u0026gt; i don\u0026rsquo;t know what the difficulty is -\npimping is sexist, pimping \u0026ldquo;harms minors\u0026rdquo; a la TOS [flash] pradtf\u0026gt; I\nunderstand how you feel. It bothers me a lot and I don\u0026rsquo;t think it should\nbe there. [imvegan] flash\u0026gt; I don\u0026rsquo;t think it should be there either\nDoug [pradtf] flash\u0026gt; i think the problem is that people think\npopularity justifies actions, but this isn\u0026rsquo;t a popularity contest\n[pradtf] it is a family forum [flash] imvegan\u0026gt; I understand how you\nfeel. When I mentioned it to my wife she asked me what type of site was\nI visiting. [Michael] imvegan\u0026gt; thanks for the info, it is hard to go\nthere for me nowadays ā€¦. i often find it disgusting what is happening\nthere and how people can post dispite of the TOS [imvegan] flash\u0026gt;\nthat kind of thing just isn\u0026rsquo;t funny - putting others down and laughing\nabout it isn\u0026rsquo;t right - it\u0026rsquo;s just NOT funny [Michael] imvegan\u0026gt; I was\nreally angry about the personal attack that this Dr. Cribs posted in\nanswer to your post [Michael] imvegan\u0026gt; i really think that such\nattacks and many many others should not pass like they do now ā€¦.\n[pradtf] i don\u0026rsquo;t think people are sufficiently grateful for the job\nruss has done giving us these forums [pradtf] they are for building\ncommunity - not abusement [pradtf] some people just treat the place\nlike trash - and that is precisely what it will end up as [Michael]\npradtf\u0026gt; i completely agree !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! they misuse the forums for\ntheir personal attacks\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the points to note is that moderators get abused as well. There\nare only 5 left presently!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are some extremely nice people on RHP. There are some who act\nextremely inconsiderate and immature as well. The idea of a community is\nto work towards turning the latter into the former.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "025-04-08-15", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/025-04-08-15/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/025-04-08-15/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis was a very short chat and will also be a very short summary. This\nis just as well since there has been considerable events taking place on\nRHP regarding the behaviour on the forums. Here are some of the key\nthreads:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e*Thank you Moderators!!\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13511\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13511\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e*Don\u0026rsquo;t we all want the same?\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13488\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13488\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e*Missing the point.\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13467\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13467\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e*Enforce the TOS!\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13389\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13389\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother ex-moderator story\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13439\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13439\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn apology from Cribs\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13456\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13456\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI think as a Modā€¦.\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13461\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13461\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e*The best moderator\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13405\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13405\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eex-moderator story\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13386\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13386\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e*Forums (Again)\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13378\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13378\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA bit of moderation pleaseā€¦ \u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthr\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthr\u003c/a\u003e Ć¢Ā€Å \namp;page=3\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eModerational Inconsistency\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13366\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=13366\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI have asterisked the better ones.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnyway, we learned that Larry was still in a bit of pain, but his pelvis\nwas healing nicely.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca managed to drop in even though she had had a really busy weekend\nvisiting family. Despite this, she still had to ask Ranjana if she had\nme doing dance moves to the cd we got on her recommendation. I will\ncomment no further other than to say that she ran to Ranjana for\nprotection, which didn\u0026rsquo;t do Ranjana any good for I tickled her.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe all wondered about fjord who was moving to a new house and hasn\u0026rsquo;t\nbeen heard from for several weeks. It is possible that he has already\ngone off to the Zen monastery.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarry told us that his daughter said her first sentence just a couple of\ndays ago. She said, \u0026ldquo;Hi Dada!\u0026rdquo; I suggested that it was chatroom time for\nher. If you recall, she did try to get to the chat a few weeks ago, even\nthough it was past her bedtime.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Lori came in after an absence of a few weeks. She had just returned\nfrom Trinidad. I told Lori about Breaca\u0026rsquo;s excellent gender agender\nthread and she went to look through it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEverybody started to leave but then Doug and Michael came in and a\nmassive discussion on making food started up. However, even that wasn\u0026rsquo;t\nenough because they wanted recipes so I told everyone to look at\nvegsource.com where they have an excellent database.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDoug told us that he still had a craving for cheese though he hadn\u0026rsquo;t\neaten meat since January. I showed him why cheese is the \u0026lsquo;hardest\u0026rsquo; to\nlet go (as it had been for Ranjana):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Several scientific teams have shown that the principal protein in\ncheese, casein, breaks apart during digestion to produce abundant\namounts of morphine-like compounds called casomorphins.\u0026rdquo;\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/news/commentary030519.html\"\u003ehttp://www.pcrm.org/news/commentary030519.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere was more talk about food and then we learned that Michael had lost\nnearly 50 pounds since becoming strict vegetarian. Doug has already lost\n15 and felt he should thank Ranjana for this \u0026ldquo;The last time I got help\nfrom you all I lost 15 pounds.\u0026rdquo; I said that Michael had talked to her\nmore which is why he had lost more. Then I suggested that \u0026ldquo;it is along\nthe lines of talking someone\u0026rsquo;s head off - but applying it to weight\ninstead.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf course, that got me into trouble, but because they were all\ndiscussing recipes and things, I was basically overlooked and able to\nleave before anyone remembered what I had said.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "026-04-08-22", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/026-04-08-22/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/026-04-08-22/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis was again a very short chat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl came early again because he didn\u0026rsquo;t know what time it was. Then he\nleft.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel and Kyron showed up followed by Ranjana, then Sangeeta, who told\neverybody that she and her \u0026lsquo;adoptee\u0026rsquo; were enjoying Macgyver very much.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel told us that her voice had almost returned fully after her tonsil\noperation, but admitted that she was sleeping all day pretty well so\nRanjana said she was glad Rachel was a taking break from all that\nsleeping in order to join us.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana mentioned that Kyron was interested in chemistry recently and\nthat he was setting all kinds of things on fire. She, of course, failed\nto mention how she had managed to burn down our kitchen.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI came in, but had to ask why I was surrounded by rabbits. There were at\nleast three of them all around me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay entered and told Kyron that he was downloading the RedHat Fedora ISO\nimages. For some reason, the very next line on the screen had Rachel\nwriting \u0026ldquo;Well I\u0026rsquo;m off to bed.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, just before she did, she tried one last time:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Remora91] pradtf\u0026gt; i found the perfect one. the title is called, \u0026ldquo;Are\nyou a good kisser?\u0026rdquo; [pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; that\u0026rsquo;s terrible!!!!!!!!!!! you\nknow my sentiments on that sort of stuff!!!!!!!! kissy wissy uck!\n[Remora91] pradtf\u0026gt; i\u0026rsquo;m sure. you get annoyed so easily. [pradtf]\nRemora91\u0026gt; well i\u0026rsquo;m too dignified to respond\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca came in then just in time to hear Ranjana complain \u0026ldquo;why does\neveryone have to chew on my transfer case???!!!!!!\nAAAAAAArgH!!!!!!!!!!!!\u0026rdquo; She meant the rabbits, of course.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca told us she was watching the Olympics, but Rachel gave me this\nominous message:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Remora91] pradtf\u0026gt; brb. Bwhahahahaha!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand exited the room.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeople started talking about what happened on the forums, but Ray put it\nbest, perhaps:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[rgoudie] It had become more of a bar than a community forum.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel returned and tried to bother me somemore:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Remora91] pradtf\u0026gt; bwhahahahaha! \u003ca href=\"http://web.tickle.com/tests/kiss/\"\u003ehttp://web.tickle.com/tests/kiss/\u003c/a\u003e\n[pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; what a horrid idea! [Remora91] pradtf\u0026gt; you\u0026rsquo;re\ntoo paranoid about this. [pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; i think that is your idea\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis was too much for Breaca who left the room, but said that she would\nbe back.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel realized that Sangeeta wasn\u0026rsquo;t around so I was off the hook.\nBut no, because shortly after I was threatened with:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Remora91] pradtf\u0026gt; i just found out theres a whole page on the tickle\nwebsite devoted to kissing! lol. [pradtf] Remora91\u0026gt; i guess some\npeople need a whole page to figure out what to do\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe talked a bit about how our rabbits were destroying the place and then\nSangeeta reappeared having fixed her computer problem apparently, just\nin time to hear how Rachel\u0026rsquo;s dog destroyed her teddy bear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta told us:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; imvegan\u0026gt; so my dad popped the big questionā€“ if i\nwant them to look for a good indian boy for me! LOL!!!! [pradtf]\nsangeeta\u0026gt; well do you? [imvegan] sangeeta\u0026gt; here\u0026rsquo;s you\nchance!!!!!!!!!!!!! [sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; NO wayā€¦i told him that i am\nhappy as i am and i don\u0026rsquo;t such things and i told him that i am dif from\nother indian girls as building families doesn\u0026rsquo;t give me happinessā€“ but\nliving my purpose and vision doesā€¦no sure he understood thoā€¦but also he\nsaid if i don\u0026rsquo;t do it now, it will be too late to do it laterā€¦but he\nsaid if you are happy single, then they will be happy for me too!! which\nis surprising he siad that but then he went backwards and siadā€¦make sure\nif you find someone he is indian! argh!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Lori appeared just in time to hear that Ray had to leave because\nMarsha wanted to buy him some new clothes. Poor fellow!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori told us her AR group was still having problems getting started in\nher school because the teacher in charge was being difficult, but that\nthey were working on it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori then left to eat lunch.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta told me about a problem:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; we had a scare in the houseā€¦something was burning\nin jannette\u0026rsquo;s room and can\u0026rsquo;t figure out whatā€¦.but we unpluged everything\nand it\u0026rsquo;s fine nowā€”weird [pradtf] that is weird - was it a food burning\nsmell? [sangeeta] pradtf\u0026gt; nope- electrical burning smell\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat they had done was to plug too many things into one outlet. Anyway,\nthey took care of it fortunately.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron and Sangeeta set a time to talk about string theory since both of\nthem had some neat ideas about it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Ranjana related some fascinating events a friend of hers had gone\nthrough:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[imvegan] you know, somehings wierd happened to a friendā€¦. her husband\ndied a few months ago and strange things have been hppening since . this\nweek w really odd thing happened. she woke up and found her dog sleeping\nin front of the fireplace and the fireplace was on !!! she hadn\u0026rsquo;t turned\nit on in the blazing heat we\u0026rsquo;ve had here.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter relating this information, Ranjana took off to have a smoothie.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterestingly enough, all of us left shortly afterwards.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "001-04-02-28", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:43-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:43-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/001-04-02-28/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/001-04-02-28/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe largest (11) and longest (4hrs) chat yet!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt all started with an intercontinental music debate featuring Rachel,\nDyl and Breaca the resolution of which is still forthcoming.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay and Sangeeta talked about her circus protests leading to surprising\ninformation about the World Wildlife Federation who are not as animal\nfriendly as thought to be (see\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.peta.org/feat/greenwash/wwf.html\"\u003ehttp://www.peta.org/feat/greenwash/wwf.html\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe were delighted by reizen\u0026rsquo;s 1st appearance at our chat - Andrew \u0026amp;\nRanjana engaged in a discussion about healthcare and Andrew\u0026rsquo;s role in\nhelping hospitals make better decisions. For those of you who don\u0026rsquo;t\nknow, Ranjana is involved in supporting caregivers\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.familycaregiverssupport.org\"\u003ehttp://www.familycaregiverssupport.org\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy now, Bear was getting hungry so as soon as he saw Michael, he shouted\n\u0026rsquo;tofu\u0026rsquo; not once, but four times and disappeared. Then he returned again\nand again till there were 3 of him (yes I know this is somewhat\nconfusing). In fact, some people could bearly understand what was\nhappening because they couldn\u0026rsquo;t get their bearings and found the\nsituation to be rather unbearable and embearrassing. Fortunately, I was\nable to point out that all was not lost because we only needed a\nGoldilocks since we already had three bears.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord gave us something to look forward to in the form of his talented 9\nyear old grandson who will be joining our family and the clan! I believe\nwhen this happens, Veggiechess will have the youngest and the oldest\n(Garth at 83) members on RedHotPawn!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay, Fjord and I discussed ratings on the site and started to examine\nRedHotPawn\u0026rsquo;s calculation algorithm, but then Ray realized that he was\nstill at work and I realized that I had been at the chat for the whole 4\nhours and we both realized that others had left so we took off suddenly\nrealizing that Fjord was still in there. We hope he had an enjoyable\ntime having that entire chatroom to himself!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eaddendum: i have just been informed (Sunday morning) by Fjord that he\ntook this opportunity to paint the chatroom!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePosted by Fjord: Where is the end of this? I suggest an relay. With\nmembers all around the world it is not so difficult to hand over the\nbaton 24 hours a day. Dyl will be delighted. Fjord P.S. And I can tell\nnow from own experience: being on your own in the chatroom can be quite\nsatisfying too. No one is contradicting you. (Except when you triple\nlike LittleBear)\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "002-04-03-06", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:43-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:43-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/002-04-03-06/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/002-04-03-06/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHi all! Another great chat this week.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana was able to put in only a very brief appearance, since she had\nto go into the big city in order to sell tickets for her organization\u0026rsquo;s\nfundraiser which you can find out about here:\n\u003ca href=\"http://familycaregiverssupport.org/events/yaya/\"\u003ehttp://familycaregiverssupport.org/events/yaya/\u003c/a\u003e So if you are in the\narea, just come on by.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chat started off with a mystery! Who was using the kirksey957\nhandle? Was it Kirksey or was it Rachel? That was the question Sangeeta\nand I were studiously trying to unravel. The kirksey957 personnage\nremained silent for a long time so it was a very difficult problem to\nsolve for a long time. Then the handle identified itself as a Rachel who\nhad recently found a dog that she wanted to keep. You would think that\nat this point most sleuths would figure the mystery was solved, but not\nI! Nay! I was not to be so easily dissuaded so I immediately put forth\nthe possibility that it may be Kirksey himself, disguised as Rachel!\nThis brought forth the response \u0026ldquo;Are you kidding?\u0026rdquo; and though I was\nwilling to pursue the matter further, no one else was - well at least\nnot the only other two handles in the room who were busy talking to\nthemselves as though this serious matter didn\u0026rsquo;t warrant further\ninvestigations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFortunately, Michael arrived and so did Bear, but because the former\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t bring tofu, they started talking about opera with Andrew who had\nalso shown up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt some point Rachel, while discussing academics put forth the following\nproposition \u0026ldquo;math = crappola\u0026rdquo;. I found this comment surprising since I\nwas not aware that math had anything to do with that crayon company.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy this time, the opera group had progressed to the point where Michael\nhad generated consensus within the party on the idea that Mozart,\nBeethoven and all the other operatic composers were famous because the\nparticular members of the opera group listened to them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat being resolved, Andrew felt he had to catch his plane. I\nconjectured that he must be participating in the chat through a cell\nphone if he were just about to catch a plane. Fjord then made his\nincredible suggestion that may be it was a landong. For those of you\nunfamiliar with computer technology let me explain the brilliance of his\ncomment. In order to connect to the net, one often uses LAN (local area\nnetwork) and to connect the laptop, which is no doubt what Andrew was\nusing if he were on the road, you use a dongle. Hence, the remarkable\ncreation landong a wonder of imaginative synergy!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt about this time, Kirksey had taken over the kirksey957 handle having\nspent the last two chat sessions painting his house. After hearing that\nFjord had gone for a walk in the forest and that we had a forest beside\nus that had been cut down to accommodate a house that was built on a\nswampy piece of land, he started telling us about zoning laws.\nApparently, in Louisville there are times when you can\u0026rsquo;t leave your\ngarage door open!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis no doubt made Bear think of food and so Sangeeta suggested berries\nsince she had just made a berry smoothie. Naturally, I reminded her that\nit may be because bears like these fruit that they are called bearries.\nThough I also pointed out that if bears use these as laxative they could\nbe called bearease. That made Bear frown, but Fjord leave. So I quickly\nbrought the subject back to chess by noting that Emanuel Lasker was\nalmost related to a bear because his brother was almost called\nBearthold. Kirksey thought I was on a roll until I suggested that it was\na bearoll of fun after which he said something about \u0026ldquo;it never ends\u0026rdquo;\nfollowed immediately by \u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;ll see you next week\u0026rdquo; and never stayed for\nBear\u0026rsquo;s very imaginative multilingual pun, which I am saddened to say I\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t quite get because I don\u0026rsquo;t understand the multilingual language.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe noticed that Fjord, though gone, had not exited. This should prove to\nbe significant at some point later.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta started talking to Ray about string theory and provided a very\ninteresting website showing fascinating videos about this remarkable\nphysics topic:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/elegant/program.html\"\u003ehttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/elegant/program.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand they discussed several interesting ideas concerning dimensions and\nrealities that led us to some intriguing ideas by Seth:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.secretoflife.com/seth/\"\u003ehttp://www.secretoflife.com/seth/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron showed up because he had some linux matters to discuss with Ray\nwhile I talked to Bear about languages for a bit, but then he had to go\nso he didn\u0026rsquo;t notice that Michael had eaten and fallen asleep though he\nclaimed he was only digesting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFlash suddenly appeared and told us about his recent dietary successes\nwhich have been significant! We are looking forward to his story on our\nforums before too long.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe concluded the chat by discussing the need for eating to completion in\norder to maintain the honor of the table and how some people, like\nmyself, have had to carry this burden alone for years, with minimal\nassistance from family and friends and that this luxury will no longer\nbe extended to said family and friends who really must do their part in\nthis endeavour.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe all noticed that Fjord had not exited the room and as Michael left\nhim a final message regarding paint, we wondered when he was returning\nto enjoy the solitude it would offer after our departure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePosted: Mon Mar 08, 2004 8:30 pm by reizen To solve the mystery - I was\non my laptop at the Asheville regional airport NC which was kind enough\nto offer a free business center with high speed internet. I had an hour\nto spare - my original flight being canceled. The flight I took on a\nsmall turboprop plane to connect in Charlotte was indeed the worst\nflight I have ever been on as it was extremely turbulent. I usually\ncan\u0026rsquo;t come to the chatroom, even though I enjoy it, because I like to\nspend time on Saturdays with my family - whom I don\u0026rsquo;t see often enough\nbecause I am at airports.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "003-04-03-13", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:43-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:43-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/003-04-03-13/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/003-04-03-13/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePretty big turnout this week and a long chat too!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael, Ranjana and Sangeeta started it off discussing the latest\ninformation regarding Bacon, the pig some students are trying to save\nfrom slaughter. Here is the thread on RHP on this:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=9330\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=9330\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe discussion continued as Dyl (who just got home from work) and Rachel\narrived. Rachel told us that Kirksey was in Louisville at his best\nfriend\u0026rsquo;s wedding.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta and Rachel started talking and for some reason Ranjana informed\nthe latter that the former would be back in half an hour because she\u0026rsquo;s\ntaking a cat to the vet. Yes I know this sounds very confusing. Think\nabout how Rachel felt. Think about how Sangeeta felt wondering where she\nreally was. Think about how I felt when I was informed that Ranjana had\nbroadcast this information, because I had told her to!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt turned out that Sangeeta had already taken the cat to the vet and she\nwas fine. The cat was too and was apparently just lonely because her\n\u0026lsquo;mommy\u0026rsquo; had been away for 2 months.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen I entered the chatroom - yes I know this is very confusing - and\nwas thoroughly confused like everyone else when Ranjana wanted to run\npaper through a sewing machine, but I was able to explain that she was\nmaking perforations on raffle tickets for the big fundraiser tonight!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Rachel announced that she had beaten all the boys in her class in\nbasketball and received a round of applause! Andrew entered at roughly\nthat point in time but was just a bit too late to share in the applause.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen the strangest thing happened! A Gary appeared followed by a\nGaryMin. This set everyone aspeculating except me, because I knew who\nhad arrived, but just not which one was the real one. Michael, who had\nnot brought any tofu much to the distress of Bear (who hadn\u0026rsquo;t arrived\nyet), naturally thought that Kasparov had joined our chat, but since\nGary nor GaryMin would say anything, it was never clear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile Dyl, Rachel and Sangeeta plotted pig rescue strategies, I went to\nfind both Gary and GaryMin who for some reason was hopping around from\nchatroom to chatroom. Then both of them completely disappeared, but\nfortunately, I didn\u0026rsquo;t.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Ranjana revealed a fascinating chess strategy that she really\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t use, but still worked for her. She was playing this game and was\ntaking a few days between moves (nowhere close to her timelimit), but\nher opponent kept sending her reminders. We thought it was because he\nwas being nice, but then she realized that it was because he was\nactually trying to hurry her. Well, it seemed that he was concentrating\nso much on sending her reminders, that he overlooked a mate in one\nagainst himself. In her other game with him, he has not sent a single\nreminder yet, so it appears that Ranjana will not be able to use the\nstrategy she did not use for that game in this game.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana, Michael and Dyl apparently then formed a team called \u0026lsquo;Short\nTerm Memory Loss\u0026rsquo; to utilize this strategy, but I can\u0026rsquo;t remember\nanything about it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe then found out that Andrew hadn\u0026rsquo;t been saying anything because he was\nmaking chess moves, but since he continued to do so, we didn\u0026rsquo;t learn\nanymore.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Gary who was lost, suddenly entered the chatroom. We were very glad\nto see him, since this was his first chat with us! Gary calls himself\nGaryMinford on RHP and posts using bold, italic, and even bold italic\nwhich was an innovation I learned from him!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuddenly, out of the blue, Dyl thanks me and I have no idea why so I\nreply with a series of question marks and he has no idea why I did that\nand I can\u0026rsquo;t remember if we ever figured it all out eventually.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen followed a short discussion about the posting antics of a certain\nmember of RHP whose name shall not blemish our forums and thankfully it\nended soon. However, on a similar note, one wonders whether we should\nmake a stronger effort to maintain an appropriate level of decency on\nthe RHP forums.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile I showed Gary how to use the green laughing emoticon, Dyl gave us\nthe inside story of the intracasies of the word \u0026lsquo;boofhead\u0026rsquo; which\ninterested Andrew so much that he stopped making moves and provided us\nwith a link regarding that word! This counterinterested Dyl to the point\nthat he made a general announcement!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere was a little talk about marino which became merino which became\nmarina who was someone whom I taught math to, but fortunately, Bear\nentered just in time so I didn\u0026rsquo;t have to remember what I was talking\nabout or that Michael announced how in the small country of Austria, he\nnever had a girlfriend called Marina.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Ray showed up and that brought Kyron into the chatroom as well and\nagain a massive conversation on Linux ensued.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGary disappeared for a moment because he said that duty called, but Dyl\nmisunderstood him and the two of them engaged it a fascinating\ndiscussion about reconfiguring the molecular structure of one\u0026rsquo;s shorts\nwhile Andrew and Ranjana dicussed the impact of technology on hospital\nadministration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Andrew left and Michael left as Gary and Dyl started to exchange\npuns, but Fjord arrived. Ranjana apologized to him for taking so long to\nmove, so Fjord asked if he should move for both of them. Little did he\nknow that Ranjana was setting the \u0026lsquo;Short Term Memory Loss\u0026rsquo; strategy, but\nsince she didn\u0026rsquo;t either, it was fine.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDyl then left because he finally got sleepy and Kyron did as well\nbecause he was going to take the rabbits out but not to the cinema or\ndancing as Gary thought. Ranjana left as well inviting everyone to come\nto the fundraiser dance, so Gary took this opportunity to leave as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord wondered about when his opponent was going to return to play, but\nsince it didn\u0026rsquo;t look like he was, he probably wasn\u0026rsquo;t. Then he asked\nabout the Grob opening, but since I didn\u0026rsquo;t know much about it, I thought\nI\u0026rsquo;d leave him with Bear who hadn\u0026rsquo;t even heard of it.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "004-04-03-20", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:43-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:43-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/004-04-03-20/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/004-04-03-20/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis week\u0026rsquo;s chat started with me talking to myself since there wasn\u0026rsquo;t\nanyone else in the chatroom. This exercise didn\u0026rsquo;t appeal to me greatly\nso I left.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSoon some others arrived and began to talk to themselves, but the\nactivity, for some reason, did appeal to them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord informed us that his grandson Orin is playing in a chess\ntournament. Orin is very keen on the game and is interested in learning\nthe openings now!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord also told us that Pericles, his cockatiel friend, had a\nconfrontation with a sheep dog and had saved herself by making herself\nextremely large. However, she had been somewhat traumatized and wasn\u0026rsquo;t\nfeeling that well. Hopefully, she will recover soon.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta called to let us know that she would be late in arriving. She\nwas also busy following the events of the Bacon situation. The auction\nfor Bacon the pig is this Saturday at 7pm est. For some details see\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=9330\"\u003ehttp://www.redhotpawn.com/board/showthread.php?id=9330\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKirksey replaced Rachel at this point and more talk regarding Pericles\nensued. Fjord said she had been to the vet who really couldn\u0026rsquo;t find\nanything wrong with her. Fjord said he would be patient, prompting\nMichael to ask if he meant paytient.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe discussion moved to bird behaviour, prompting me to point out the\neccentricities of our very strange cockatiel, Luther, who has been with\nus for 14 years in all his strangeness!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKirksey and I talked about events taking place on the RHP forums which\nhave certainly gotten more interesting since the introduction of the\ndebates section. No doubt this discussion got him even more interested,\nbecause he immediately took off to post in the debates section I\npresume.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuddenly Ullichamp arrived because Michael had invited him last week.\nHowever, Michael had fallen asleep by now so it didn\u0026rsquo;t do Ullichamp any\ngood. As a result, Ullichamp had to settle for knowing how to create\nsmiley faces in the chatroom and then left.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord suddenly told us that spagate means fork which I found very\ninteresting because it sounds a lot like spaghetti which you can eat\nwith a fork and can spell as spagati if you really wanted to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord didn\u0026rsquo;t seem too interested in this observation, but after I\nindicated that Kyron and I were thinking of giving Gentoo linux another\ntry, it proved to be too much for him and he left immediately! A few\nmoments later we found out that he had really left because he crashed\nhis computer - he had come all the way back to tell us and continued to\nstay because he didn\u0026rsquo;t crash his computer again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta arrived just in time to agree with Fjord that Gentoo sounds\nlike a bird. She also told us that there was a very good chance that\nBacon would be saved!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta then engaged Fjord in a most uninteresting and irrelevant\ndiscussion regarding my past which both seemed to delight in, but\nfortunately, Gary arrived just in time to direct attention elsewhere -\nspecifically, the fact that he was having trouble getting into the chat\nroom again, just like last week.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFjord watched the proceedings with some amusement, I think, and then\nwondered whether VeggieChess could provide his other clan, HCPS, with a\nforum till they get their own website. I explained that we possibly\ncould in this situation, even though in the past we have given these\nonly to the winners of the VeggieChess Goad to be Friendly competition\n(which was actually inspired by Breaca):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/VeggieChess/g2f031101.html\"\u003ehttp://towardsfreedom.com/VeggieChess/g2f031101.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta at this point stated she didn\u0026rsquo;t have any idea what we were\ntalking about, but when I asked her, why she didn\u0026rsquo;t, she was completely\nat a loss for words. However, Gary, who had managed to finally find his\nway into the chatroom, wasn\u0026rsquo;t at a loss for words, because he stated\nthat he didn\u0026rsquo;t have any idea what we were talking about either and so I\nhad to explain everything!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI also tried to generate some sympathy for myself, but that didn\u0026rsquo;t work\ntoo well, because the conversation degenerated into who was being picked\non by whom. Fortunately, I was successful in winning this competition,\nbecause I was able to declare that Ranjana has been picking on me since\nthe early 1960s!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGary and Fjord wanted to pick on me then and there, I think, but didn\u0026rsquo;t\nafter I pointed out that I needed some material for this SatChat\nsummary.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt this point, a classic exchange ensued between Fjord who said his\ngrandma said \u0026ldquo;Was sich neckt liebt sich\u0026rdquo; followed by Gary who said\n\u0026ldquo;sounds like she had a sore throat\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay emailed me at this point indicating that he was too swamped with\nwork to come to the chat today.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGary proceeded to engage in some name calling, but Fjord pointed out\nthat \u0026ldquo;When you tease someone, you love that person\u0026rdquo;. Unfortunately,\nRanjana jumped in and threatened to use that against Kyron and myself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAndrew appeared but didn\u0026rsquo;t say anything for a while so Fjord left and\nthen Sangeeta did as well. Andrew then said he had just come by to say\nhello and left as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell now there were only 3 of us in the room, but Ranjana wasn\u0026rsquo;t really\npaying attention, because she was thinking about her smoothie. As a\nresult, Gary had to be serious and told me some very interesting stories\nabout his travels in Europe. It is really rather neat how you can go\nfrom country to country just by driving a little bit. He plans one day\nto drive along the pacific coast in the US.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana left for her smoothie after this so Gary and I continued talking\nabout the political situation in what used to be the USSR. This got us\ninto a potentially fascinating discussion regarding why people don\u0026rsquo;t\nseem to work together for mutual betterment. Some of the ideas are very\nwell illustrated in some of the episodes of Star Trek and particularly\nThe Next Generation series which we both like very much. Unfortunately,\nI had to depart at this point, but hope to continue this discussion with\nGary possibly next week!\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "005-04-03-27", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:43-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:43-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/005-04-03-27/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/005-04-03-27/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eSo this time it was Michael who was talking to himself in the chatroom -\nin fact, he was singing from Tannhaueser, so melodiously that both\nRachel and Ranjana waltzed in on waves of sonorous ecstasy!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel said she liked music but didn\u0026rsquo;t like her voice, but Ranjana\nreassured her that all can sing with a little training. Michael then\nexplained how the neighbours felt about his singing. Rachel then\nrevealed that she knows how to play the cello! However, we didn\u0026rsquo;t get to\nhear much about this because her computer started experiencing\ndifficulties as Kirksey came on to explain.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFortunately, I arrived just at this moment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel taught us that the word \u0026rsquo;luters\u0026rsquo; means websurfers. We discussed\nthe successful outcome of the Bacon incident. Two other pigs as well as\na lamb were rescued thanks to the courageous efforts of some very brave\ngirls at that school. The pictures of the animals, safe in their\nsanctuaries can be found here:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/veggiechess/crhs.htm\"\u003ehttp://towardsfreedom.com/veggiechess/crhs.htm\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt turns out that Sangeeta, who couldn\u0026rsquo;t attend the chat because she was\nat a conference, there met Frank Cobo, one of the primary individuals\nresponsible for freeing Bacon, now renamed Daisy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel asked me if I watched MTV so I said no and that I hardly watched\ntv at all except at dinner. Michael wondered if that interfered with\nconcentrating on eating, but when I pointed out what the alternative to\nnot watching tv durinng dinner was, he understood completely.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth Kirksey and Ray arrived then while Ranjana started wondering\nwhether she missed anything while she was gone. Ray revealed that he and\nMarsha were contemplating moving out west because they were tired of the\ncold weather. However, Ray explained that he would need to find a job\nprogramming in Clarion which there aren\u0026rsquo;t too many of.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Ranjana suddenly exclaimed that she had found it, but fortunately,\nbefore she could do anything about it, Bear entered. Kirksey told us\nthat his computer wasn\u0026rsquo;t working too well and that brought on some\nsuggestions including getting another computer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael left to make food and that got Ray inspired to eat his lunch.\nUlli put in a brief appearance that brought Michael back for a bit but\nthen they both left.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBear was saddened because his uncle had recently died and we send him\nour regrets. However, be assured, Bear, that you will always have\nfriends beyond the 100 acre woods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay thought that the system was missing lines so we explored some of the\nways we could bring the lines back. This investigation led to the\ndiscovery by Ray of the emoticons and soon he was brightening up the\nchatroom with colorful faces!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere followed a few moments of consternation as I legitimately\nquestioned the honey consuming technique of Winnie the Pooh - you know,\ndipping the paw into it and all that - and we all hoped that Bear did\nnot resort to the same. We did wonder about this somewhat though,\nbecause Bear made mention of his keyboard\u0026rsquo;s sticky keys.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron entered at this point and an inevitable Linux discussion started.\nI joined this one because I was so pleased with Gentoo Linux. It turned\nout that Fjord and Sangeeta had been right last week when they said that\nGentoo sounded like a bird, because Ray discovered that this was a type\nof penguin. Kyron and I started arguing about the merits of Gentoo vs\nSourceMage which is rather strange considering both of us prefer the\nformer, but Kyron was determined that I not malign the latter unduly.\nBoth Ray and Bear seemed very interested in visiting the Gentoo site and\nRanjana thought it might be a party so she figured she would go there\ntoo.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Ray mentioned that he hates to lose his code, but Bear said he\nloves to lose his. They didn\u0026rsquo;t argue about it though.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron and I finally figured out that we didn\u0026rsquo;t need to type to each\nother in order to have our argument since we were sitting beside each\nother. This amused Ray greatly and he sent 3 huge smiley grins to me. I\nimmediately sent 3 of the same to Kyron who promptly sent another 3\nright back to Ray! Bear found this circular exchange especially funny\nand added a huge smiley grin himself before proceeding to discuss\nwhether alter egos have alterior motives with Ray.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe asked if Kirksey was still with us but no answer came - however,\nFjord did. He didn\u0026rsquo;t say anything for a long time and when he did, it\nwas to type only a single question mark. The profundity of Fjord\u0026rsquo;s\ngesture brought gasps of admiration first from Ranjana, then from Bear\nwho expressed it in the form of 2 exclaimation marks! The rest of us had\nno idea what was happening.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuddenly Fjord told us he was \u0026lsquo;kaughing\u0026rsquo; but didn\u0026rsquo;t know why, but since\nwe didn\u0026rsquo;t know whether he meant \u0026rsquo;laughing\u0026rsquo; or \u0026lsquo;coughing\u0026rsquo; we couldn\u0026rsquo;t\nhelp him.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFortunately, Doug flashed into the discussion at this time and we talked\nabout the Bacon story and eating in general. Then Doug mentioned oranges\nin Florida and that got us inspired to plant fruit trees (but after the\nchat). Michael suddenly appeared wanting a fruit smoothie and Ranjana\nindicated she would put up a recipe for it on the website. Michael will\nalso put up his tofu technique there.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael, Ranjana and Flash left at this point and Fjord told me about\nPericles and her eating habits. The chat came to a very happy ending as\nhe told me that Pericles was doing just fine these past few days.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "006-04-04-03", "date_published": "2022-01-10T23:27:43-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T23:27:43-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/006-04-04-03/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/forum/the-satchats/006-04-04-03/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis proved to be one of the most surprising chats we have had, though\nit started out in a rather unusual fashion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel and Breaca showed up first wondering why no one else was in the\nchatroom wondering if Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s GMT message had been misunderstood, but\nwhen Fjord appeared, they felt certain that they had shown up at the\ncorrect time. So they said \u0026lsquo;hi\u0026rsquo; to him, but he said \u0026lsquo;halode\u0026rsquo; to them,\nwhich caused Rachel to say \u0026lsquo;huh?\u0026rsquo; and Fjord to ask if it was Rachel or\nKirksey. Then they proceeded to discuss the time and agreed that it was\nall messed up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca and Rachel were about to continue a discussion from several weeks\nago about musicians, but Michael appeared at that moment just in time\nfor the first big surprise: Fjord had brought his grandson, Orin to the\nchat!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron entered then promptly followed by a very confused myself wondering\nwhy everyone was so early only to be told that I was late. Ranjana, on\nthe other hand, wasn\u0026rsquo;t even here because she seemed to have difficulties\nfinding the chatroom after all these months.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreaca then asked Kyron if he were a vampire and proceeded to roll under\nthe carpet laughing while Kyron stood in confusion. Just wait - this may\nmake sense in a moment. Then she asked me if it was ok to timeout\nsomeone. I was admittedly a bit puzzled by the question, since I had\ndicussed this sort of thing with everyone before. So I asked who it was\nand Breaca said \u0026lsquo;Kyron!!!!!!!!!\u0026rsquo; and immediately started ROTFL after\nwhich she blushed like a beetroot at her joke. Then she reassured Kyron\nthat she would never claim a timeout against him.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, it turned out that Orin wanted to be a carpenter and Rachel\nwas planning to be either a veterinarian or a prison guard, while Breaca\nfigured she would be a horse or a radiologist. Kyron then contributed\nthat he would like to be 2 feet to the right, followed by Michael who\nwanted to be closer to his dinner. Ranjana concluded that she would like\nto be a singer when she grew up which puzzled Rachel who was under the\nimpression that Ranjana was grown up, but I will not comment any further\non any of this.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInstead, I thought Breaca might like to see a picture of Kyron from a\nfew years back (\u003ca href=\"http://www.towardsfreedom.com/people/kyron.html\"\u003ehttp://www.towardsfreedom.com/people/kyron.html\u003c/a\u003e) and\nthe two had a very quick conversation about dinosaurs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRachel had asked Orin about carpentry so I asked Fjord to provide the\nfollowing link, showing some incredible woodwork done by Orin\u0026rsquo;s father:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.yantra.nl/martin/FrameSet.htm\"\u003ehttp://www.yantra.nl/martin/FrameSet.htm\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Ranjana and I had a cryptic conversation that went like this\n(starting with her though it really doesn\u0026rsquo;t matter): ? ? ?? ?! what ARE\nyou talking about?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince I didn\u0026rsquo;t know, I said so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKirksey appeared just then to take Rachel away, but she came back\nbecause Sangeeta, who was doing a film shoot in Philadelphia, arrived in\nthe chatroom. Unfortunately, before this happened, Breaca had to log off\nso she transformed into a beetroot and left.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOrin (who is 10), it turned out had been playing chess for a few years\nand wanted to join VeggieChess much to everyone\u0026rsquo;s delight. So he with a\nlittle assistance from Fjord, filled out the necessary forms and is now\nour youngest clan member!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSangeeta and Rachel discussed the latter\u0026rsquo;s school assignment as well as\nher dog who apparently wasn\u0026rsquo;t in anyone\u0026rsquo;s good books at present. Rachel\nalso asked Sangeeta what she thought the purpose of life is to which she\ngave this excellent reply, \u0026ldquo;first we need to find our purpose in\nlifeā€¦then it is to live a life of purpose.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael having eaten, reappeared, and was delighted to see that Orin had\njoined us. Soon however he started snoring till Ranjana woke him up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRay arrived, but since Rachel didn\u0026rsquo;t know who he was, all this had to be\nexplained to her before she left to clean the hamster cage and go on\nvacation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen we had the second big surprise! Lori, who was one of those who\nhelped save Bacon (renamed Daisy) that you have heard so much about,\njoined our chat! Sangeeta asked about what was happening at her school,\nso Lori gave us the link to their Animal Rights Club:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://swtsurrender87.tripod.com/soar\"\u003ehttp://swtsurrender87.tripod.com/soar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethat she designed the website for. Apparently, SOAR (Student\nOrganization for Animal Rights), can\u0026rsquo;t get started at their school till\nnext year and they need 50 signatures as well as a teacher sponsor\nbefore the activities director will consider approving it. Apparently,\nthe activities director had disallowed even petitioning on behalf of\nBacon/Daisy during the time they were trying to raise funds to buy her\nwhich was brought to the board\u0026rsquo;s attention. Additionally, it turns out\nthat the principal of the school is denying that she told the kids they\ncouldn\u0026rsquo;t start an AR club, so things should get very interesting at that\nschool before too long especially since board member Frank Cobo has\ncalled for a full investigation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori also told us about a vegan student in her school who supported the\nFuture Farmers initiative because she thought the Save Bacon campaign\nwas just a publicity stunt done by PETA (who actually had very little to\ndo with it). It is unfortunate that some people do not realize that\npublicity is often needed in order to make change occur. The efforts of\nLori and her friends, Ana, Tanya and Leo, have created mass awareness\nwhere there used to be ignorance - even though it was not done for\npublicity at all and only as a sincere effort to save a pig. Lori and\nher friends plan to intern at PETA when they are old enough.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron arrived and the mandatory Linux discussion ensued with Ray. We\ndiscussed backup programs and when I pointed out the benefits of\nincremental backups using dump (though restricted for Linux to only\next2,3 filesystems), Kyron cleverly (or at least he thought so)\nsuggested I dump dump. I commented that he was being evil, but he\nretorted that he was being so only incrementally! This caused Ray to\ngiggle after which I refused to say anything in case he strained himself\nwith uncontrollable laughter - a most considerate inaction on my part!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLori told us about all the birds she has: 3 parakeets, 5 cockatiels, and\na quaker parrot and the history behind them, while Sangeeta talked about\nBrytle who was a parrot we took care of that was rescued by actress Ally\nSheedy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen a discussion started regarding animal shelters and their relative\nquality. Ray used to be the webmaster for the Animal Rescue Network\nwhere he said conditions had deteriorated considerably having to house\n400 cats, twice the number it was designed for. The cats and rabbits at\nour SPCAs here, on the other hand have excellent facilities. We\ndiscussed how no one seems to want to legally stop the pet business,\neven though it puts so much stress on animal shelters as a result of\nirresponsible owners who \u0026lsquo;cast out\u0026rsquo; their pets after the initial\n\u0026lsquo;cuteness\u0026rsquo; period is over. Kyron urged people to boycott Petco which has\none of the worse reputations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was time for Lori to go and Ray encouraged us to keep fighting the\ngood fight. That is certainly what SOAR does, for during some of the\ndarkest times during their efforts they did keep fighting that good\nfight honoring their slogan - \u0026ldquo;Keep hope alive!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe all departed after this inspirational encounter and thought the chat\nwas over. Well it was, but nearly an hour later Bear walked in, saw that\nno one was around and said, \u0026ldquo;Sniffā€¦ 2 lateā€¦\u0026rdquo; and 13 minutes after he\nleft, Andrew showed up and said, \u0026ldquo;2 late 2\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis was very sad, but at least we have recorded the words of Bear and\nAndrew here so they will not go unheard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePosted: Sun Apr 04, 2004 1:12 am by fjord Reading your \u0026lsquo;interpretations\u0026rsquo;\nof a chat gives almost as much joy as the chat itself. Thanks Prad. In\nVriendchap Frans When to-morrow arrives it will be today, So, why not\nnow? Wink Halode! (I now know the history behind that word, so I use\nit!) Thank you for your kind words as always.\u003c/p\u003e\n" }, { "title": "V03 of Mice and Bread", "date_published": "2022-01-10T21:05:31-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T21:05:31-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/v03-of-mice-and-bread/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/v03-of-mice-and-bread/", "authors": [ { "name": "Tricia" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eEvery Monday morning I look forward to stopping at BreadSmith, our local\nbakery, on my way to work. Walking into the aroma of fresh baked bread\nand hearing the laughter and chatter of the employees has always been a\nwelcomed joy for me. Today, however proved to be a rather negative\nexperience.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll of the employees know that I am vegan so they offer me samples of\nvegan breads as well as muffins or scones. A woman whom I like quite a\nbit offered me a new type of bread that had chips in it stating how\ndelicious it was. Another employee jumped into the conversation\ntelling me that they weren\u0026rsquo;t non-dairy chips so I would most likely\nnot want to sample the bread. I thanked her and then she asked me\nspecifically what the difference was between a vegetarian and a vegan.\nAs I proceeded to explain the difference to her the manager walked out\nonto the floor and spoke loudly as she was exiting \u0026ldquo;Are we talking\nabout vegetarianism again\u0026rdquo;? Then she said \u0026ldquo;Well I\u0026rsquo;m a proud\ncarnivore\u0026rdquo;. I had so many thoughts run through my mind I didn\u0026rsquo;t know\nhow to respond so I said \u0026ldquo;just what part of the suffering of animals\nmakes you most proud\u0026rdquo;? Her response \u0026ldquo;All of it\u0026rdquo;! She then left the\nstore as a coward would normally do. I wanted to tell her that she\nshould go vegan for 30 days to try to lose the extra 100 pounds she\ncarries around and if she didn\u0026rsquo;t feel better we would gladly refund\nher misery, but she was gone and I was left feeling sick at the\nencounter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI went to work feeling awful that I wasn\u0026rsquo;t prepared for a better\nresponse, but she was walking out the door anyway and wasn\u0026rsquo;t interested\nin a conversation about veganism. When I arrived at work hungry and hurt\nI thought of how a slice of my multi-grain bread with strawberry\npreserves would soothe my bruised ego. I took a slice of bread and cut\nit in half noticing a seemingly long and large grain I had never seen\nbefore. Aha it was a piece of mouse dirt or worse yet rat dirt. Now I\nwould get that manager back for being so crude and heartless about\nanimal suffering. I will call the health department and tell them there\nare rats and mice in their kitchen, then I will call the employees and\ntell them how disgusting their operation is. As I started to look up the\ntelephone number for the Health Dept. I thought of how they might remedy\nthis problem. Then it dawned on me that they might put out glue traps\nand I stopped dead in my tracks and closed the phone book. Surely the\nmice and rats have a right to eat some of the flour and any little fecal\nmatter that might have got into the flour was baked at a high enough\ntemperature so that the germs were gone and it might even add a little\nprotein to the bread. I picked the piece of dirt from the bread and\ndecided I would toast the bread thus killing any germs that may have\nbeen lingering. Realizing the bread was fine and had I not seen the the\ndirt I probably would have never known the difference I ate the toast,\nbut decided maybe it was time I start to make my own bread.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "V02 Do We Have the Right?", "date_published": "2022-01-10T21:05:16-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T21:05:16-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/v02-do-we-have-the-right/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/v02-do-we-have-the-right/", "authors": [ { "name": "Tricia" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eYesterday, while shopping at a major supermarket, I kept noticing obese\nwomen with shopping carts filled from top to bottom with every type of\nmeat. One woman had sausage, bacon, hot dogs, chicken, bologna, pot\nroast, spare ribs, and pork chops in her cart; these were just the\nanimals that I had a chance to observe, there may have been more mangled\ncorpses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI seldom shop anywhere other than our Natural Outpost, but I needed a\nfew items that this store carries for a lesser price and it is located\nnearby. As I walked down aisles jam packed with people with over\nflowing baskets of meat and junk food, I had almost an uncontrollable\nurge to start talking animal rights. I wanted to interview people and\nask them if they had any idea of how the meat they were purchasing\narrived to the store all neatly wrapped in plastic. I thought I should\ntell them of the suffering of animals, the impact on the environment,\nand the devastating affect eating meat has on their health. There were\nalso many women wearing fur coats and fur items. Are these women aware\nof the suffering of animals for their vanity? As an animal activist do\nI have to wait for an appropriate time to present itself for me to\ninform people of the horrors of factory farming and slaughterhouses?\nHow can I stand by and watch people fill their bags, carts and bellies\nwith unimaginable suffering and say nothing? Do we as animals\nactivists need a platform to plead our case for those without voices?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI felt guilty seeing firsthand the disregard for animal suffering while\nsaying and doing nothing for those who are defenseless against the\natrocities committed by humans.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "V01 the Green Bay Packers", "date_published": "2022-01-10T21:04:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T21:04:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/v01-the-green-bay-packers/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/v01-the-green-bay-packers/", "authors": [ { "name": "Tricia" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eToday, Sunday January 20, 2008 I awoke at 5AM to begin making all sorts\nof vegan delights for 7 hours of football viewing. Seldom do we watch\nany television, but today is an exception. My brother Kevin will be here\nfor most of the day to watch The Green Bay Packers in a championship\nplay off game, which we will hopefully win so that we can proceed to the\nSuper bowl.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBrett Favre, who is probably the most well known quarter back around,\nwas going to retire last year, but in the hopes of acquiring Randy\nMoss, a wide receiver from Minnesota he decided to stick around for\nanother year. He signed a contract for this year and alas we didn\u0026rsquo;t\naccept Moss, most likely because of his mooning our fans at Lambeau\nField a couple of years ago. Favre was beside himself, but\nbegrudgingly began another season with mostly rookies. Lo and Behold\nfor the love of Brett the rookies aspired to play as well as many\nseasoned veterans. So here we are playing today to advance to the\nSuper Bowl.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor years I shunned football stating I was non-violent and couldn\u0026rsquo;t\njustify watching a bunch of thugs pound the heck out of each other.\nHaving sons changed all that. As my sons grew older they loved the\npackers and implored me to join in the games. Reluctantly I began\nwatching the Pack with them, and much to my chagrin I was hooked. Now I\njustified my love of our team by stating that they were a cut above\nother teams. They were classy and refined for they were as gracious\nwinning as they were humble losing. Mike Sherman their coach forbade any\ntype of showboating, such as spiking the ball or pounding their chest\nlike so many other players engage in. Some actually rally with pom poms\nand do an obnoxious shuffle, not our guys. Aaron Kampman even did a\npilgrimage to India and I think he might be veg, even more reason to\nlove our team. This morning while I was creating scrumptious vegan fare,\nmy husband asked me if I knew why the packers were so named. Having\nnever thought about it I answered no. He then told me they were named\nfor the meat packers in Green Bay.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow if there was a way to take the spring from my step that did it. How\ncould I be so ignorant, knowing the drive to the Northern woods is\nspeckled with farms, tiny hutches for calves, and worst of all rows of\nmetal sheds that I often compare to concentration camps. I regained my\ncalm when I immediately recalled that our basketball team once named the\nMarquette Warriors was changed a few years ago to the Eagles in\ndeference to the Native Americans. I thought of how some years from now\nwhen animal rights and veganism is mainstream the Packers will be\nre-named possibly to the Green Bay passerfists.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "F03 Family", "date_published": "2022-01-10T21:04:35-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T21:04:35-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/f03-family/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/f03-family/", "authors": [ { "name": "Tricia" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAs we children matured, I continued to love Maryann and of all 7\nchildren I was the only one she cared about and wanted to be with. She\nwas a wonderful aunt to my children and they adored her. She had a\ncertain child-like innocence and was able to impart a lot of her gifts\nto my children that adults were not privy to. I became to understand\nMaryann by watching her interact with my kids.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen my children got older she lost all interest in them, but she and\nI remained close. About a month before she died, at the age of 49, she\nhad asked me if she started to drink carrot juice and eat vegetarian\nas I did would she ever look like me. From all her years of drinking\nand drug abuse her face had become mottled and puffy and her tiny\nframe was bloated. I told her she was already beautiful, but a healthy\ndiet would definitely enhance her beauty. The day before she died she\ncalled to tell me that she had her first glass of carrot juice and was\nhaving salad and veggies for dinner. Before I began meditating this\nmorning I was thinking of how I no longer have a relationship with any\nof my living siblings except my brother Kevin. Kevin who is deaf and\nblind in one eye and labeled mentally retarded is also a vegetarian\ndue to my influence. I felt a little sad at the loss of ties to my\nother siblings, but at once recalled a statement a very wise soul had\nsaid to me: \u0026ldquo;It\u0026rsquo;s alright to wait for someone as long as we don\u0026rsquo;t wait\nwith them.\u0026rdquo; As I thought of that statement I felt peaceful and decided\nto meditate. While meditating Maryann\u0026rsquo;s face flashed before me and I\nrealized if she were alive today she would join Kevin and myself in\nthe Animal Rights Movement. I wonder why it is that of all of my\nbrothers and sisters only the 2 who were brain injured were able to\nsee the unethical and immoral use of animals for food, while the\nothers choose to turn a blind eye and deaf ear to such abuse.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "F02 Family", "date_published": "2022-01-10T21:04:30-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T21:04:30-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/f02-family/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/f02-family/", "authors": [ { "name": "Tricia" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWhen I was 12 years of age, a nun, named Sister Thea, had our entire\nclassroom scribble a design onto a sheet of construction paper then find\nan object within the design from which to make a landscape. In my\ndesign, I had found a slipper that was gently sweeping among a forest\nfloor of leaves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI drew and colored each leaf on my sheet of paper in brilliant autumn\ncolors. The slipper took on a deep rich crimson red. Sister Thea loved\nmy drawing, stating hands down I had taken first place in art class. I\nhad a choice of icons as a prize and chose my favorite (as a child)\nwhich was the Infant of Prague. I ran all the way home from school in\nanticipation of showing my parents my drawing and statue. Upon\narriving home the first person to see my picture was Maryann. I was so\nexcited to show it to her and tell her how I had won first place and\nreceived a statue that I couldn\u0026rsquo;t contain my joy. Maryann became\nextremely agitated while holding my drawing in her hands and proceeded\nto rip my picture into hundreds of scraps. I was in disbelief and\nwhile crying began to crawl on the floor desperately trying to gather\nthe pieces in hopes of putting it back together for my parents to see.\nAs a child I didn\u0026rsquo;t grasp how anyone could be so cruel, as an adult I\nrealized how jealous and inferior Maryann felt and that any\nachievement of mine was an affront to her.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "F01 Family", "date_published": "2022-01-10T21:04:24-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T21:04:24-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/f01-family/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/f01-family/", "authors": [ { "name": "Tricia" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWhile meditating, a picture of my sister, Maryann, flashed across my\ngaze. Maryann had fallen from a car going 60 mph when she was 4 years\nold. As a result of the accident she became brain-damaged and her eyes\ncrossed. She was in a coma for 31 days and had to learn to walk and\nspeak all over again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe was a constant source of anguish to my parents, who decided she\nwould be the scapegoat for all of their problems. She rarely attended\nschool and by the 8th grade she was expelled never to return to any\nformal education or home schooling. She began to drink a lot of\nalcohol at an early age which progressed to any and every type of\ndrug. She was in and out of mental institutions as well as prison\ncells. She was the eldest child of seven and abused all of her younger\nsiblings both physically and mentally. Just the same I loved her. None\nof my brothers or sisters shared my feelings for Maryann. As a matter\nof fact when she died, we were asked at her burial if anyone would\nlike to say anything to her before she was lowered into the ground. My\nbrothers shook their heads no, while my twin sister said that since\nshe was unable to love Maryann in life that maybe God could love her\nfor her. I said that I loved Maryann and would miss her terribly as\nshe was very dear to me, then broke down sobbing. Why did I love this\nsister who had been cruel to me in so many ways especially when I did\nwell or excelled in form of art, music, dance, academics or athletics?\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "A01 Happy Easter Dear Emma", "date_published": "2022-01-10T21:01:59-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T21:01:59-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/a01-happy-easter-dear-emma/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/tricia-times/a01-happy-easter-dear-emma/", "authors": [ { "name": "Tricia" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eToday, Easter Sunday, we are celebrating life with our real Easter Bunny\nnamed Emma. It was just about one year ago on a cold and rainy day I\ndecided to venture off into a rough part of town to check on a dog who\nseemed to be neglected. While driving in a downpour I asked myself why\non earth I was going into a rough neighborhood to pretend to be\ninterested in getting a dog that I had no intention of adopting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeveral times I attempted to turn back, but the car seemed to have a\nmind of its own and kept pushing onward toward our destination. Upon\narriving I was greeted by a large and disgruntled woman who led me\ninto her tiny backyard. She brought the dog to me who was frantic from\nlack of exercise and kept running in circles around me. I noticed a\ngroup of small boxes and inquired as to what they were. Mary, the\nwoman, told me that they contained rabbits. I asked her to lift up the\nwooden doors so that I could see them and I was shocked to see rabbits\nof all different breeds in tiny wire cages with no amenities\nwhatsoever. One in particular was cowering and shaking staring at me\nwith a plea for help. When I told Mary that I saw no food, water or\nbedding and was concerned of the rabbits trembling, she said they\nwould get a few pellets and some water at the end of the day. I asked\nwhy they had no bedding or hay and her response was they were breeders\nnot pets. When she shut the door to the cages I felt sick that once\nagain they were in the dark and cold in complete isolation. I drove\nhome and did not sleep for 2 nights as I could not get the vision of\nthese terrified rabbits out of my head. Finally I called Mary and\nasked if I could adopt the little gray bunny who was trembling so. She\nyelled that she was a breeder and paid good money for her. I offered\nher more than she paid and picked her up the next day. I felt guilty\nas though I was supporting a mill, but I had to save this precious\nlittle rabbit. Having never had a rabbit before, I didn\u0026rsquo;t know exactly\nwhat she needed, but after looking on line had everything ready for\nher when she arrived at her new home. We had her spayed, litter\ntrained her and she now sleeps on a soft bed compared to wire, has\nfull run of the house and is a companion to our dogs and cats. She has\nnot been in a cage since after the first week we brought her home. She\nlives life to the fullest and entertains us daily with her ballet\nleaps and spins and her hilarious antics. She was 2 years old when she\ncame to live with us and her past life has finally vanished. She is no\nlonger timid or anxious and greets us every morning with love and joy.\nSo today we say Happy Easter to our dear little Emma who will live out\nher life free of oppression and dominance and will continue to be the\nbunny she was meant to be.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "009 A Far, Far Better Thing", "date_published": "2022-01-10T20:31:21-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T20:31:21-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/009-a-far-far-better-thing/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/009-a-far-far-better-thing/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eRanjana had been bad! Very bad!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis should come as no surprise to anyone who had read about her\nescapades in the nation\u0026rsquo;s capital. However, this time she wasn\u0026rsquo;t doing\nin some politician or other. She\u0026rsquo;d managed to do herself in!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow those of you who know something about Ranjana may not be aware of\nthe \u0026lsquo;dark\u0026rsquo; side which she keeps hidden so well. After all, she puts on a\nsuch a charming, considerate demeanour that who could possibly have\nguessed that this is the person who caused the demise of three of\nCanada\u0026rsquo;s most prominent leaders! You can find the ghastly details in the\npublished and authoritative document: \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iabbers/blooks/picktures/001-ranjana-in-ottawa/\"\u003eRanjana in\nOttawa\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis sordid business, believe it or not, took place while she was merely\na teenager! So you can imagine how serious things could have gotten for\nCanada (and even beyond) as she came into full possession of her powers!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou see \u0026ldquo;Ranjana\u0026rdquo; is phoenetically nearly identical to the Bengali word\n\u0026ldquo;johntrona\u0026rdquo; which means \u0026ldquo;problem\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;trouble\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;irritation\u0026rdquo;! So the\nobvious should be immediately evident!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFortunately, it was part of my fate to protect others by intervening\nwith my personal self and attempt to neutralize the influence she might\nhave thrust upon an unsuspecting humanity. Yes, I understand how\nremarkable was this sacrifice and Dicken\u0026rsquo;s poignant words: \u0026ldquo;It is a far,\nfar better thing I do ā€¦\u0026rdquo; forever echoes in my head as solace.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany decades ago (though years be eternities!), I made a significant\ncontribution to this cause by \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iabbers/blooks/picktures/005-wedaches/\"\u003emarrying\nher\u003c/a\u003e.\nWhile such a noble action at least kept the potential for disaster under\ncontainment within a somewhat localized perimeter, it required constant\nvigilence to ensure that all beyond, were indeed kept free from the\nimminent danger therein. I am pleased to say that my efforts have been\nlargely successful as there have been only a very few casualties and\nthey are still alive, albeit understandably in a certain state of\ndisorder.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow that you have some background, I can relate to you the present tale\nwhich would be worthy of being printed in tabloid media ā€¦ were it not\nactually true!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana and her mother had developed rheumatoid arthritis in 1976. The\nsimultaneity had the doctors baffled though such things should not be\nconsidered too surprising, given the state of medicine in the 20th\ncentury.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHer mother opted to go the drug route while Ranjana tried that for a\nwhile too, but then realized in a constipated moment of enlightenment\nthat she didn\u0026rsquo;t want her health to become dependent upon pills and\nneedles. Of course, her decision was assisted by the fact that her\narthritis quack got her to take a particular drug even after she told\nhim that she was allergic to it. The result was a series of dark\nblotches on her back which lasted several years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen all drugs were stopped, her situation deteriorated initially. The\narthritis got progressively worse and by 1992 she was on crutches. It\nwas a disappointing time for our young son Kyron as well, who despite\nhaving two parents, found that one of them couldn\u0026rsquo;t quite play the way\nhe would have liked her to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, Ranjana persevered against the arthritis and employed three\nsignificant tactics. The first was meditation: a calm, perceptive mind\nworks with synergy to optimize what the body is capable of\naccomplishing. The second was eating blue-green algae: a high nutrient\nfood goes a long way towards helping a body recover. The third, and most\nimportant item, was to go vegan: animal proteins wreak havoc inside\nbodies through a process known as protein antigeneity, which causes\nlarge animal protein molecules to be viewed as antigens causing\ninflammatory diseases such as arthritis, eczema and asthma.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHer efforts paid off. By 1996, she was not only walking with a lessened\nlimp, she had regained much of her former athletic abilities that were\nquite prominent in her high school days. She was able to run, skate and\neven play tennis again!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne would think that this story could come to a happily-ever-after\nending at this point, but one must realize that we are dealing with\nRanjana, so it cannot be so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter several years of steady improvement, in 2000, Ranjana decided with\nGarth (one of my son\u0026rsquo;s godfathers), to start up a non-profit called the\nCowichan Family Caregivers Support Society . The name is excessively\nlong, but the intention was a very good one. Caregivers give service to\ntheir family (and their community), often relinquishing their own\nactivities to provide care. Sometimes, it means losing their employment\ntoo since certain situations require considerable care. The stress\nlevels can be very high and it is not uncommon for the caregiver to fall\nseriously ill as well. They need support and societal institutions just\ndon\u0026rsquo;t provide enough.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana\u0026rsquo;s idea was to utilize a concept of community-building known as a\nSupport Circle (which she had learned from a former teacher of mine,\nMarsha Forest) and apply it to these specific situations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe society was a great success providing a much needed service in not\njust our local community, but well beyond. The provincial government\nsupported it in many ways and the federal government financed various\nprojects through significantly large grants.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePresident Garth admirably managed the organization under Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s stern\nhand and watchful eye! He had hired her five years earlier while he had\nbeen a member of a different non-profit, so it was quite understandable\nthat she would recruit him to engage in this activity due to his vast\nexperience. The poor man was even made to do the dishes after dinner at\nour home! Is it any wonder that this fine individual was awarded the\nGovernor General\u0026rsquo;s Caring Canadian award? I really had no objections\nabout the dishes because Garth was merely in his eighties at the time,\nand besides, if not for him, it would have been I!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen the society made another quantum leap with the 2005 arrival of\nMichael from Austria! We had met him playing chess on the internet. He\nwas a remarkably competent finance manager and the comptroller for Stihl\nAustria! Furthermore he was a talented clarinetist and even spoke\nGerman! Ranjana figured he would be a worthy addition to her entourage\neven though we didn\u0026rsquo;t have any need for anyone to speak German. She\nplaced him right away into the finance area and eventually he found\nhimself adding on the rather complex task of organizing the society\u0026rsquo;s\nprimary fundraiser The Shawnigan Lake Adventure! He helped prepare the\nvegan meals at home so that Garth would have some dishes to wash. As you\ncan no doubt understand, I had no objections on this count either for\nthe reasons cited earlier.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough things looked as though they were going fine, no one was\ncomputing the actual effort required to keep the show on the road.\nManaging a high profile society can be very labor intensive and some\npeople worked overtime even though they were technically volunteers. The\nfinal stop where the pieces had to be assembled was Ranjana and\ngradually the toll manifested itself in the form of her arthritis acting\nup.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you\u0026rsquo;re swimming in mud, it can be difficult to know how dirty you\nare. Even though I kept telling her what was happening, Ranjana wouldn\u0026rsquo;t\nlisten. Her \u0026lsquo;work\u0026rsquo; had become far more important than her health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring low activity points, her condition would improve because the\nstress wasn\u0026rsquo;t there, but repeatedly, the arthritis returned as her body\nkept telling her to cut it out! She didn\u0026rsquo;t though, for obsession is a\ndominating companion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne day I emphasized that though her body had recovered to varying\ndegrees in the past years, there would come a time when it would be\nunable to. There is a point of no return one can push to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs things got progressively worse, Ranjana took up a cane, then crutches\nand then a wheelchair. We created a ramp into the house so she could get\nin and out and would wheel her to the car and put the wheelchair into\nit. At the other end of the trip, someone would get the wheelchair out,\nthen push her to whatever location her society business was to be\nconducted. The process was reversed on the return home.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the fall of 2011, even Ranjana had had enough. She realized that this\ntime her body was not going make it and though she is very much against\ndoing the medical route, she decided she was going to have a knee\nreplacement. Some of the encouragement for this decision came from our\nactivist friend\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iabbers/blooks/picktures/003-irreverence-with-sass-to-go/\"\u003eTricia\u003c/a\u003e\nwho in her sixties had not only come through a double knee replacement,\nbut as a vegan, amazed her doctor with her recovery rate! We figured,\nRanjana would be able to do the same.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo she began studying about knee replacements to the point where she\nprobably could have performed one herself! One benefit of this activity\nwas that she was forced to cut down on the society workload, thus\nallowing her body to gain some much needed strength.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe felt confident about the surgeon too. He was an experienced fellow\nthough he didn\u0026rsquo;t have a good sense of femur. Upon hearing that one of\nhis operations resulted in the patient having one leg shorter than the\nother, Ranjana showed signs of trepidation. However, after I pointed out\nthat such a discrepancy likely wouldn\u0026rsquo;t make much difference for her\nbecause a) she\u0026rsquo;d been limping all this time anyway and b) she was after\nall, somewhat vertically challenged to begin with, she seemed to take it\nin stride.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs the big day drew nearer, she went to see the anestheologist who was\nquite taken aback by the fact that Ranjana never did any drugs at all.\nIn fact, for a while, he must have been quite flustered because Ranjana\nthought he started to call her names, the most potent one being that she\nwas \u0026lsquo;opiate naive\u0026rsquo;. I thought perhaps he should put an anesthetic mask\non himself on low dose just to relax a bit, but since I wasn\u0026rsquo;t there, it\nwas not possible for me to make such a suggestion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow you may be wondering what our friends Michael and Garth had to say\nabout all this. Well you\u0026rsquo;ll be surprised, as I certainly was!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMichael, as mentioned, was a very good chess player. He is a paragon of\npreparedness that would put any boy scout to shame! For instance, he not\nonly has a 5-blade hand razor, but also an exceptionally fancy electric\nshaver which actually cleans itself through an elaborate vibratory\nmechanism. Add to this his extensive collection of lotions and cremes\n(all of which are cruelty-free, of course), and one has to admire how\nthere can be no hirsutian emergency with which he cannot cope -\nespecially when one considers that he chose to sport a full beard all\nthese years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo utilizing these remarkable anticipatory skills, Michael had fled the\ncountry in 2010, thereby putting significant temporal and spatial\ndistance between himself and Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s operation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGarth, on the other hand, is not known for his chess playing abilities.\nHis talent lies in spontaneous insight and creative solution. He\ndisplays these qualities admirably at society meetings. Not having the\nforesight to cancel these in the first place, his uncanny senses\nindicate to him when there is too much talking taking place. With\nremarkable panache he solves the dilemma by indicating displeasure at\nthe verbosity, after which no one dares to object his bringing the\nmeeting to much needed closure. Unfortunately, Garth never dared to test\nthat panache on Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s incalculable verbal capacity, but since I\nhaven\u0026rsquo;t had much luck after half a century either, I suppose I really\ncan\u0026rsquo;t be too critical.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTen days before Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s operation, Garth\u0026rsquo;s insight revealed to him the\nimpending difficulty he was about to encounter. That afternoon, we\nreceived a call from him asking if we could pick him up because he had\nwrecked his car in an accident. When I went to get him, he was no where\nto be seen, but I managed to find him in emergency where the police\ninsisted he go, despite protests, on account of his being nearly 90\nyears old. Later that evening, I took him his cellphone battery and\nfound they were shipping him to a more sophisticated hospital for a\nbrain operation. His nieces were coming to look after him (as Ranjana\nobviously couldn\u0026rsquo;t) and he was going to be out of action for several\nweeks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo guess who was left holding the ball and forced to look after Ranjana?\nAs you can see, certain people are very adept at planning their escape,\nwhile others have the capacity to conjure miracles!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the day for the operation arrived, I agreed to drive Ranjana to the\nhospital even though I thought eleven in the morning was excessively\nearly. We\u0026rsquo;d purchased a 1998 Honda CRV some months back which was built\nfairly high, so Ranjana could sit down rather than fall into the seat. I\nfelt it would be unfair to the vehicle to risk having Ranjana drive it\nwith one functioning leg.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI brought Ranjana to the admittance booth and she filled out the\npaperwork after which we were told to wait in a designated area. She of\ncourse was sitting in the wheelchair, but I stood because I figured I\nshouldn\u0026rsquo;t get too comfortable and be poised to make my getaway as soon\nas a window of opportunity presented itself. Unfortunately, it wasn\u0026rsquo;t\nquite that simple because I then had to wheel her into the operation\npreparatory room where several other silly things took place. I don\u0026rsquo;t\nremember all these things, but I know I was standing the entire time!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, I was permitted to leave as the nurse took over. I gave Ranjana\na parting sentiment of important advice. I told her to make sure the\ndoctor knew the correct leg to do the knee replacement on! There was no\nway I wanted to have to bring her back to go through all this standing\nup again!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat afternoon, I received a call from Ranjana. The operation was over,\nbut she didn\u0026rsquo;t know when. Though they only gave her a localized\nanesthetic, she had fallen asleep during it. When she woke up, they were\ntrying to send her up to the regular ward.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe wanted me to bring her some things and when I got there, she was\nthankfully fast asleep. However, she somehow managed to wake up before I\ncould put the items into the locker and leave.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana told me that a different anesthologist had actually done the\njob. He told her that she probably thought this is another routine job\nfor them, but he wanted her to know that he understood it was an\nimportant day for her and he was going to do the best he could. The\nsurgeon asked Ranjana how she was just before the operation. When she\nsaid she was nervous, he also, reassuringly told her that he wasn\u0026rsquo;t.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt turned out that the operation was actually done on the left leg which\nwas the correct one after all, but just to make sure she was fully\ncertain, I said: \u0026ldquo;Looks like they operated on the right leg\u0026rdquo;, causing\nher to look down and insist that it was the left leg. Before she could\nget mad at me, I brilliantly utilized the wordplay opportunity and said\nthat it was the right leg indeed (as opposed to being the wrong leg).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI had to go back for the next three days, though I forced my parents to\ncome and made them sit with her so I could take off. The nurses looking\nafter her were very nice, so between them, my parents and the fact that\nRanjana slept a lot, I was able to lead a nearly normal existence. We\nmake the best of things as we can.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBefore Ranjana came home, one of the nurses showed me how to inject her\nin the stomach with some silly fluid. I got quite good at doing this and\nafter the second or third try, Ranjana couldn\u0026rsquo;t even feel the needle\ngoing in. I\u0026rsquo;m sure it wasn\u0026rsquo;t because of shock or anything like that. I\nwas even disappointed when the exercise stopped for it had been yet\nanother opportunity to demonstrate my medical expertise.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe therapist used to visit every week to help Ranjana exercise and\nincrease the angle her knee would bend to. It was a pretty routine\nprocedure. She\u0026rsquo;d appear all smiles then go and yap with Ranjana for an\nhour. After that she\u0026rsquo;d tell me how well Ranjana was doing and how she\u0026rsquo;d\nbe back to normal in no time. Then she\u0026rsquo;d not understand why my shoulders\nseemed to slump under a great weight.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs expected, Ranjana made very fast progress since she was vegan, while\nthe therapist looked on in astonishment. Not surprisingly, Garth, also a\nvegan, recovered at a suspiciously well-synchorinized rate. Michael,\nhowever, being ever the planner, isn\u0026rsquo;t taking any chances and will not\nreturn for a few months still, sometime in the summer of 2012 we have\nbeen led to believe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese days Ranjana is moving quickly, but not quick enough to catch me -\nnot that she ever could! When people ask me how she is, I tell them she\nis behaving herself. This is a true statement, because she really is.\nShe has set office hours for the first time in her life and is actually\nsticking to them. Every now and then, she has to be scolded for certain\nexcessive efforts, but for the most part she is not over-extending\nherself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt present we manage what we can and are always watchful, consoling\nourselves with the ongoing refrain:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;It is a far, far better thing that I do ā€¦\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "008 The Way of the Rabbit", "date_published": "2022-01-10T20:30:44-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T20:30:44-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/008-the-way-of-the-rabbit/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/008-the-way-of-the-rabbit/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePoppy is a beautiful silver rabbit whom we got from the SPCA as a\ncompanion to Gaw the philosophical guinea pig. So first let me tell you\nabout Gaw even though this is not his story.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGaw was originally named Pansy for some completely inexplicable reason.\nWe took him in because the people he was staying with couldn\u0026rsquo;t keep\npets. We couldn\u0026rsquo;t either, but when I explained to our landlords that my\nson was so desperate to have a little friend that he was playing with\nand even naming the woodbugs, they relented. Gaw had a very sagacious\nlook even when he purred. It was the look of a wise being.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce in our own house, therefore, Poppy at the impressionable young age\nof 8 months, met Gaw and was no doubt taken with him. Gaw taught him the\nlessons of life and leadership and eating each day, though Poppy would\nplay hooky once in a while by jumping up onto a chair and hiding from\nGaw - or possibly that was the location he\u0026rsquo;d been instructed to do his\nmeditations in ā€¦ these things are hard to know.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd when Gaw felt that Poppy had learned all that was needed, he decided\nto depart his guinea pig form and go on to other things, but again in\nhis own style - Gaw died in front of Poppy, my son and myself, happily\neating away in his 8th year of life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePoppy was about 4 years old now and we went to the SPCA to find him a\ncompanion. Going into SPCA\u0026rsquo;s is generally a painful experience - there\nare so many who yearn for a caring home, yet so few will ever know one.\nHowever, these rabbits were setup in luxury! Housed in large cages, they\nenjoyed a multilevel suite with all the amenities a rabbit could likely\nwish for. In fact, I rather doubt any of them wished to leave.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe brought back a very friendly fellow named Buster, a fairly large\nbrown and white individual who had been treated for sinus problems. He\ngot along wonderfully with Poppy for a few months and then died rather\nsuddenly due to a common rabbit problem called middle ear infection. It\nwas touching to see Poppy prod and lick the dead body of his companion\ntrying to get some movement out of him. Rarely have I seen such\ndiligence and caring given to a friend who is no more.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe went back to the SPCA to try again. The worker this time chose a very\ntimid fellow who had been born there and just didn\u0026rsquo;t want to leave. He\nwas nevertheless taken since we humans have this habit of knowing what\u0026rsquo;s\nbest for everyone. His name was Martin and Poppy took as good care of\nhim as he had done with Buster. Martin became Martoon and was eventually\nshortened to Toony.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen we learned that we had a chance to bring Toony\u0026rsquo;s mother, Pebbles,\nhome as well. The intent was excellent, but like Toony, Pebbles had no\nwish to leave. Why should she? She\u0026rsquo;d lived at the SPCA for two years. It\nwas her home. She too had been treated for a sinus problem, so we were a\nbit concerned, but we were enticed by the notion that two years was a\nlong time to be without a home (even when you had one) and that the\nmother and son reunion would be a joyous one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell it wasn\u0026rsquo;t. Neither Pebbles nor Toony had the slightest interest in\neach other and the former was even more timid than her son. Poppy did\nhis best to make her feel at home, but she wasn\u0026rsquo;t happy to be in the\ncompany of other rabbits.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy son, Kyron\u0026rsquo;s music teacher, Iris at this time was breeding rabbits.\nWell, she really wasn\u0026rsquo;t breeding them, but they were breeding at her\nplace because she kept feeding them. Soon the population had grown to\naround 50 and they were wandering all over her property. Some of them\nweren\u0026rsquo;t given a fair start in life and died early, but there were two we\nknow of who beat the odds.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first was Simon. He was a small rabbit who had to be taken in and\ncared for by Iris because he had serious health issues when he was very\nyoung. However, through her efforts he became stronger and it became\npossible to release him. Of course, he hung around with all the others\nas an ordinary member of the pack. Simon, though wasn\u0026rsquo;t an ordinary\nrabbit. Despite the slow start he\u0026rsquo;d been granted, he had a sense of\nresponsibility and eventually became the lead rabbit that all the others\nfollowed through the bluejay quarrels, the otter attack (which claimed\nthe life of more than one rabbit), as well as the counter-attack on the\nferal cats which kept these away. It was a true \u0026lsquo;underdog\u0026rsquo; story if\nthere ever was one! Being the leader does not come without a price\nthough and Simon died at the usual age of 5 which is fairly common for\ntop rabbits. After Simon, Iris stopped the feeding and the rabbits\ngradually dispersed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe other rabbit was a small white runt that was continually picked on\nby the bigger creatures. Iris not only felt sad for him, but thought he\nwas likely in danger so she asked if Kyron could take him home. This\nlittle fellow\u0026rsquo;s body was just a bit longer than his ears and so,\nprimarily for that distinction he was named Yoda. He was put in a box in\nthe bathroom with Pebbles initially just so that the two male rabbits\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t go after him and things went admirably the first day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the second day, we heard a great commotion in the bathroom. Yoda had\ngotten out of the box and Pebbles was chasing him all over the place.\nFortunately, he was considerably faster so she never caught him.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGradually all four rabbits were brought together and Poppy maintained an\nappropriate level of justice. While Yoda was small he protected him from\nPebbles. When he got large enough to take care of himself he let them\nbe. And when Yoda reversed the tables and started going after Pebbles,\nPoppy brought him back into line. He always tried his best to make\nPebbles part of the group and succeeded to some extent, but we now feel\nit would have been much better to not have moved her from her place at\nthe SPCA.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne day we returned home to find Pebbles dead apparently from the same\nmiddle ear infection that had killed Buster. It is curious that both had\nsimilar sinus issues, both had been treated by the same vet and both had\ndied suddenly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo now there were three and this is where our story really starts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePoppy had already gained the respect of the other two and kept them\nnicely in line. Doing so required only a little effort since everyone\nwas quite good-natured. Still, it didn\u0026rsquo;t hurt to assert one\u0026rsquo;s authority\nfrom time to time by chasing the other two around the room, which Poppy\ndutifully did.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eToony\u0026rsquo;s reaction to this routine was expectedly submissive. He was for\nlaw and order so he went along and played timid. Yoda wasn\u0026rsquo;t quite sure\nwhat to do though because he wasn\u0026rsquo;t sure what a hierarchial structure\nreally meant - in fact, we\u0026rsquo;ve never been sure whether he understood the\nconcept of a structure in the first place. So while he would run away\nfrom a charging Poppy, it was unclear to everyone including himself as\nto why he was doing so or where he was running to. While he accepted\nPoppy as the leader, the deference was rather moot since he didn\u0026rsquo;t seem\nto have a clue what a leader was. As far as Poppy was concerned though,\nit didn\u0026rsquo;t matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile Poppy had established himself as the ruler and Yoda had taken on\nthe role of court jester, Toony proved to be the intellectual of the\ngroup and chief advisor to King Poppy. In preparation for this role,\nhe\u0026rsquo;d allowed Poppy to trim his whiskers, something that Yoda either\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t permit or meet the requirements for filling the position.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen not being timid, Toony appeared very calm and thoughtful. He\nespecially liked to play that game with empty toilet paper rolls which\nthe others never seemed to see the point of. The idea was to put a roll\nupright and Toony would snatch and toss it. You\u0026rsquo;d have to set it up\nagain and he\u0026rsquo;d go through the process once more. He\u0026rsquo;d also take it from\nyour hand if you held one to him, but it is likely he preferred the\noriginal to the variation. We still haven\u0026rsquo;t figured out what the purpose\nof this game is, but one only need to take a look at human games which\ninvolve grown people chasing after a ball or throwing things and one may\nbe just as puzzled.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYoda entertained himself in a different fashion. He would hop into our\nbed which is on the floor enclosed by planks of wood designed to keep\nthe rabbits out. However, just as Yoda didn\u0026rsquo;t have the concept of\n\u0026rsquo;leader\u0026rsquo; clarified in his mind, he didn\u0026rsquo;t seem to appreciate that he\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t supposed to breach the barrier. He liked going into the bed\npartly to escape the other two and partly because it was fun in there -\nblankets and sheets to push around and chew up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne game he liked to play was to attack the bed sheet when it was waved\nin front of him. He\u0026rsquo;d really get quite energetic about it and growl as\nhe swiped it with his front paws. The other thing he rather enjoyed was\nto hop all over me during the early hours of the morning just about when\nI was in a state of not wanting to wake up. He particularly liked to\nfind the highest point of elevation when I was lying on my side and\nstand on his hind legs to peer over the barricade. Then he\u0026rsquo;d run all\nover the bed again and return repeatedly to that position. Amazingly he\nnever ran over Oooochiiii the cat who slept near my head or use my face\nas a launching pad.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt some point in their existence, Poppy decided they should assist in\nour day-to-day affairs. We have several computers networked together and\nthat seemed to him like an ideal opportunity to show what an effective\nand helpful threesome his crew was. Networked computers have all these\nwires running from each other and can look rather untidy. No doubt this\nwas the issue in Poppy\u0026rsquo;s mind, he and his charges being such a clean set\nof individuals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe rabbits were accustomed to coming into the computer room from the\nadjoining bedroom, so their presence wasn\u0026rsquo;t anything new. So it was much\nto our surprise when we started noting that we couldn\u0026rsquo;t connect to the\ninternet or access one another\u0026rsquo;s computers one fine day. Now you must\nunderstand that this really was a surprise to us since being Unix users\nwe don\u0026rsquo;t enjoy the multiple delights the Windoze operating system offers\nsuch as its celebrated blue screen of death. Therefore, unlike the\ntypical and unfortunate windoze user, we don\u0026rsquo;t experience issues - our\nsystems run flawlessly!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell we checked the network config files. We checked the physical\nconnection to the ethernet cards. Out of desperation, we even did the\nwindoze rebooting ritual! No luck! We were perplexed and finally decided\nto examine the cables connecting the various computers. The cables were\nthere alright except there seemed to be more of them. Our helpful\nrabbits had chewed them into various pieces!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur rabbits go out during the warmer weather to an enclosed space near\nthe compost and spend a couple of hours there playing with the cats and\nguarded by our dogs. Their activities range from eating to digging\nburrows to chasing each other to just laying around.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe protocol for these outings is very rigorous. Poppy is the first to\nbe carried down the stairs and put into the area. While he\u0026rsquo;s checking\nout the terrain, Toony is brought down. Just at the bottom of the\nstairs, Toony, unfailingly starts to wiggle and flail about. As soon as,\nKyron\u0026rsquo;s feet touch the ground though, he\u0026rsquo;s completely calm. Finally,\nYoda is brought to the place and proceeds to seek out the other two,\nPoppy acknowledging his presence and Toony running from it. Sometimes\nthe chase becomes so intense that no one knew who was running from whom\nand all three of them would take off madly in all directions. When it is\ntime to go back inside, the order of return was reversed: first Yoda,\nthen Toony (no wiggling going back), and finally Poppy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce Poppy actually got through the narrow fencing beyond the enclosure.\nWe all, dogs included, rushed to get him back in a panic. Poppy clearly\nhad no intention of running off though. He hopped around a little as if\nto show everyone they really had no chance of catching him and then\nsqueezed his way back through the same opening and started munching on\ngrass while we looked at each other in relief.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYoda disappeared too. We searched all over and under since the rabbits\nhad made a burrow beneath the compost. We even hosed that area since it\nwas the only way to literally flush them out when it was time to go\ninside. No Yoda. We waited and kept looking. For one hour, then two,\nthen three to no avail. After dinner we tried again, but still no sign.\nI went up to the second floor to survey the backyard hoping that this\nhigh vantage point might reveal some insight. It did, but unexpectedly.\nInstead of spotting a white furball hopping about the yard, what I saw\nwas Yoda emerging from under the compost. We rushed over in relief and\nhe just looked at us with the what-is-the-big-deal expression. It seems\nhe had found a home away from home and was somewhat reluctant to leave\nit on our time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe years went by and our rabbits enjoyed each others company as we\nenjoyed theirs. Of course, the other characters were in the picture too.\nOooochiiii the cat who slept at my head had plenty of occasion to\nexperience Yoda\u0026rsquo;s frolicking in our bed. Bin Bon cat wasn\u0026rsquo;t regarded as\ncivilized by our rabbits in his younger days because of his unwieldy\npawing and was generally ignored, though as he matured his behavior\nchanged and the rabbits started tolerating him. The Oh-Oh cats Opi and\nObi got along famously with them the latter being particularly fond of\nYoda, while the former was fond of everyone. Opi could be seen on many\noccasions grasping either Martoon\u0026rsquo;s or Poppy\u0026rsquo;s head in her paws and\nlicking the same gently (she actually does that with my head too). And\nwhile he was with us, the Soleil the rooster stayed with the rabbits\nsharing their meals and companionship.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter Soleil died, a strange development started between Poppy and Yoda\nas the latter started to rebel. It is difficult to say what the\nmechanics were, but when Poppy would try to bring Yoda into line, Yoda\nwould fight back. Eventually, we had to keep the two separated. Yoda had\nbeen neutered years before, so we were surprised this was happening both\nindoors and out.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne day Yoda did escape from the outdoor rabbit space and though we saw\noccasional bits of his fur over the weeks both in our yard and during\nour walks, we still haven\u0026rsquo;t been able to lure him back or catch sight of\nhim. We are still waiting for the return of the Jedi, though we figure\nhe is busy creating his own empire amongst the wild rabbits outside\nwhich is after all where his origins lie.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeveral months later, Martoon who had reached the age of about 9 years,\npassed away. Again, Poppy attended to the body just as he had done with\nBuster. Martoon left with the unpresumptuousness with which he\u0026rsquo;d lived\nhis life - never demanding, always cooperating.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough his longtime friends were gone, Poppy was not alone and moved\ninto the next part of his life with the same dignity and grace he had\nlearned from Gaw and had always shown. We were unsure as to whether to\nbring another rabbit into the picture since we know Poppy likes to\nmanage things, but chose not to because we felt that Poppy may prefer\nnot to bear that burden after all these years. Instead, we spent more\ntime with him as did Opi in particular.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePoppy took it all in stride as the wise rabbit he was. He\u0026rsquo;d spend the\nnights in his bedroom domain, but during the day he\u0026rsquo;d take up residence\nunder the piano from where he could survey the goings on of the\nhousehold. Opi, of course was his closest companion, but Bin Bon had\ngrown to respect him and the two occasionally hung out together as well.\nEven the rambunctious Jumpr dog maintained decorum around him.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePoppy\u0026rsquo;s already robust health seemed to improve in these new\nsurroundings. He was active, explorative and energetic showing no signs\nof slowing down though being more than a decade old. We thought of him\nas our very own ever-ready bunny.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs the weather warmed, he\u0026rsquo;d go out to the rabbit area to eat grass and\nrun around quite often with Opi mutually chasing and being chased.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEvery afternoon, I\u0026rsquo;d share some apple with him as he sat under the\npiano. This was followed by a pear. Then we\u0026rsquo;d enjoy some goji berries\nwhich he liked to take from my hand one by one. During our dinner, Kyron\nwould sit by him while giving him his own dinner that was the precursor\nto the main nighttime meal which took place usually around 2am in the\nmorning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLast night, he came charging out from under the piano right into the\nkitchen because he knew Kyron was getting a bit of raisin bread for him,\na treat he occasionally relished. This appetizer was obligatorily\nfollowed by the usual 2 almonds, before the inevitable meal of greens\nand veggies after which it was time to settle down to await the arrival\nof a new day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis morning after waking up, I went to pet him as I do each morning, to\nfind him lying lifeless. It appeared he had died only a couple of hours\nbefore, quite suddenly, though looking into his eyes and the relaxed\npostion of his body, it appeared to be a peaceful exodus. Quite\npossibly, he had been eating at the time, just as his guru had done\nyears before. Perhaps the ever-ready batteries had finally run out.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is difficult to say though. Richard Bach wrote: \u0026ldquo;Here is a test to\nfind whether your mission on Earth is finished: If you\u0026rsquo;re alive, it\nisn\u0026rsquo;t.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePoppy had lived with not just zeal, but with responsibility, awareness\nand self-discipline. He had taken the teachings of Gaw and had applied\nthem to nurture the existence of many beings from members of his own\nspecies to cats, dogs, birds and humans. He had shared his composure and\nresoluteness with everyone, reminding us that what is always important\nin life is not so much to just live, but to live one\u0026rsquo;s purpose ā€¦ what\nthe Hindus say is our dharma.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs such, I think Poppy chose to depart because his mission as a rabbit\nwas indeed over. He had honored his dharma with the highest integrity.\nMay we do no less.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "007 The Oh Ohs", "date_published": "2022-01-10T20:30:08-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T20:30:08-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/007-the-oh-ohs/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/007-the-oh-ohs/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI was reluctant to have the Oh-Oh\u0026rsquo;s live here.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt wasn\u0026rsquo;t that I didn\u0026rsquo;t like cats, but we already had two.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur first cat Chuchu better known as Oooochiii had recently died. She\nhad found us more than 8 years ago and was a gentle, uncomplaining soul\nwho had unfortunately lost the ability to use her hind legs. I remember\nthe first day she showed up having miraculously evaded our dogs and sat\nlooking up hopefully at my young son. Her back legs moved with\nawkwardness at that time and she had recently given birth (who knows how\nmany times). Gradually, the condition worsened, but not her spirit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe had to be carried to most places, but could walk on her front legs\nwhen the back portion of her body was supported in a cloth loop. When\nshe moved, everyone dogs, cats and people got out of her way. She kept\nan inquisitive watch over everyone who came within her proximity. She\nused to sleep by my head which is where she passed away one night at the\nage of more than 14 years. I just woke up to notice a slight fidgeting\nand she left. I guess it was her saying good-bye.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarbon the BinBon was a black-and-white stray cat one of our friends\nfound trying to get into her house. He was a very large and powerful cat\nwith the courage of a mouse. The people at the SPCA who\u0026rsquo;d taken him in\nsaid he was a bit bossy, but that was really an illusion. What BinBon\nliked to do was stir up trouble and then run like the blazes. He and\nOooochiii got along fine, but it was with the dogs Riky and Jumpr that\nBinBon found his place. In fact, I believe he thinks he\u0026rsquo;s really a dog\nand not a cat. He recognized Riky as top dog and so sucks up to him, but\nJumpr he likes to push around despite being a fraction of the size ā€¦\nthat is when he\u0026rsquo;s not being trampled by Jumpr\u0026rsquo;s enthusiatic charges as\nmost in this house are.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGrizu had been left at a dumpster with a plate of catfood. He was\nconfused and frightened, but came to us with plaintive meows when we\u0026rsquo;d\narrived to drop off some stuff. He is one of those very vocal cats who\nyou think was actually talking to you - everything involving him\ngenerates a meow of some sort. You could pet him and there would follow\na series of meows. You could pick him up and there would be more meows.\nTry putting on his leash (all our cats go out on leashes) and more\nmeows. It has never been clear as to whether these meows were complaints\nor otherwise, but they invariably sound forth like endless\ninextinguishable flames which I suppose is appropriate, since he was\nnamed, by our friend Michael, after the little dragon whose human\nfather, being a fireman, kept trying to convince him to control his\nurges.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinBon enjoyed tormenting Grizu by sneaking up on him whenever and\nwherever he could. Grizu always reacted with horrified meows followed by\nvicious hisses. This would bring top dog Riky into action to break up\nthe squabble by barking loudly and the rest of the household would show\nup to investigate the commotion, only to find that BinBon was nowhere in\nsight. Of course not! He\u0026rsquo;d launched his attack, gotten Grizu and\neveryone else to react, and could congratulate himself on a job well\ndone, while hiding somewhere in the sidelines. After a while though,\nGrizu figured out what was going on and launched his counter-attacks\nwhich would cause Riky to bark even more and bring the rest of us to the\nscene faster and in greater numbers. While the counter-attacks were a\nmajor shock to BinBon initially, he soon realized that these made things\neven more fun because there was far greater commotion!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo after Oooochiii left us, we had these two cats keeping everyone\noccupied and the thought of any other additions to the family seemed to\nme to be out of the question. The problem is that no one ever asks me\nany questions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana and Kyron have the same music teacher Iris. One day they were\nsurprised at their lesson to see two little kittens in the waiting room.\nOne was a long-haired black and white kitten about 3 weeks old, and the\nother was an orange kitten about half that age. The first had been\ndestined to go to a petshop, but Iris intervened and took her in. The\nsecond had been found on Iris\u0026rsquo; property, nearly dead under a bush. His\nmother, a feral cat, had somehow been prevented from returning to her\nchild and was thought to have been killed by a raccoon.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs the music lessons continued, the kittens grew in size along with\nRanjana\u0026rsquo;s desire to bring them to our house. Kyron wasn\u0026rsquo;t so sure and\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t let the \u0026lsquo;cuteness\u0026rsquo; affect him. His concern was how would the\ninteraction go with the other members of the family. My concern was the\nsame and I felt that this was hardly an emergency because it wasn\u0026rsquo;t as\nthough the kittens needed immediate rescue. Ranjana though, was\nconvinced the kittens wanted to go home with her because they\u0026rsquo;d had a\ngreat time in the waiting room and meowed at the door when it was time\nto leave.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIris, who is allergic to cats, really wanted to give them to a good home\nand appealed to her students, but no one was willing to take both. Iris\nrefused to seperate them because the two of them were like sister and\nbrother, the older one teaching and looking after the younger. We\nsuggested that she feed them a properly supplemented vegetarian diet,\nsince Kyron also reacted badly to cats who were fed the usual meat-based\nstuff, but found no problems at all with our veg cats. Iris was quite\nwilling, but her husband had it stuck in his head that cats have to eat\nmeat and refused. Unfortunately, it meant that the cats were kept in the\nsmall waiting room for most of the day and when Iris did let them out\nbriefly elsewhere, she\u0026rsquo;d be the one to suffer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow, none of us liked the fact that these two were kept in that little\nroom and every week when it was time to leave, the younger one, in\nparticular, would call out to Ranjana and Kyron from behind the waiting\nroom door. So one day, it was decided! They were to come here!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana and Kyron went over to a very happy Iris (she\u0026rsquo;d really been\nhoping we\u0026rsquo;d take them) and put the two in a box. When I helped them out\nof the car, I noticed that the elder was very intently looking around\ntrying to absorb the situation, while the younger stayed as out of sight\nas possible inside the box. The two were taken up into a bedroom right\naway so we could gradually introduce them to the rest of their new\nfamily.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a new setting it is generally a good idea not to introduce food till\neveryone acclimatizes a bit first, so we gave them a bit of time to look\naround the room. However, they seemed so comfortable that we thought\nwe\u0026rsquo;d see whether they were interested in eating, but first, we had to go\nthrough the naming process.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt used to be when Kyron was 12 years or less, he\u0026rsquo;d offer the names, but\nhe soon realized that no one calls anyone by name in this house so\nwhat\u0026rsquo;s the point? He left the job up to his mother who seemed to take a\nspecial delight in such things. The logic she employs to come up with\nthe names is completely beyond me (after all how many cats are named\nafter the sixth element of Mendeleev\u0026rsquo;s periodic table?), so I was not\nsurprised when she chose Oberon for the orange baby and Ophelia for his\nblack and white companion. She claimed that he looked a bit kingly\n(which he didn\u0026rsquo;t at all - and the fairy king was a bit of an immature\ndude anyway) and the other \u0026lsquo;just felt right\u0026rsquo; even though she\nacknowledged the unfortunate ending the cat\u0026rsquo;s namesake came to in the\nShakespearean play.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI wasn\u0026rsquo;t going to argue though and made the most of the situation by\nshortening the complexity. Oberon became Obi, and Ophelia was, quite\nlogically, Opi. Ranjana however, had to mangle the simplicity by doing\nthe Obi-Wan Kanobi Star Wars routine (whatever happened to Shakespeare?)\nand instead of appreciating the obvious symmetry of Opi to Obi, she\ninsisted in calling the poor confused kitten Ophi. In any case, they had\nbeen named and as a combination became known as the Oh-Ohs ā€¦ and with\ngood reason as you will see.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow that they\u0026rsquo;d been named and all was well, it was time to try eating.\nThe kittens had been fed the usual commercial cat kibbles that have who\nknows what in them, but since cats can become very \u0026lsquo;attached\u0026rsquo; to a\nparticular food, we were a bit apprehensive as to how they\u0026rsquo;d take to our\nhomemade vegetarian creation. All three of the other cats had been used\nto eating vegetarian Evolution kibbles (moistened with purified water)\nfor years, but when we switched them to the homemade creations\n(supplemented with Harbingers of a New Age), they much preferred it, so\nwe were hopeful this transition would go smoothly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInstead, it went ravenously!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpi and Obi went at the food as though they hadn\u0026rsquo;t eaten in days! They\nkept eating and eating ā€¦ two, three, four helpings and finally there was\na pause. When we told Iris about this, she was astonished because they\nate quite minimally at her place. The increased culinery gusto was most\nlikely due to the fact that fresh food always tastes better,\nparticularly vegetarian. After this massive meal, we thought it best to\nlet them have a much deserved nap and so we left the room.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe nap didn\u0026rsquo;t last too long though since the Oh-Ohs were soon ready get\non with life and started scratching at the door. It was Opi who wanted\nout, while Obi was quite happy to stay put until his \u0026lsquo;sister\u0026rsquo; had\nevaluated the situation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, Opi was carefully introduced to Grizu first since she spotted him\nnearby. We were a bit concerned because Grizu was prone to hysterics,\nbut the meeting went quite well from a mutually respected distance. Now\nit was time for the BinBon cat to find out who the newcomer was and Opi\nwas brought before him. Possibly daunted by his remarkable size, she\nhissed at him. He, however, was quite good-natured about the whole\nthing, no doubt wondering what this little fuzzball a quarter of his\nsize was getting all excited about.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen the dogs had to get in on the act. Riky, being the more mature and\nunderstanding, kept his distance, but Jumpr of course, charged in with\nhis usual exuberance and had to be restrained. Well so much for initial\nintroductions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe took Opi back to her room only to find Obi lying comfortably on the\nbed and a messy, smelly deposit on the floor. It was quite soft and we\nwere wondering if the food hadn\u0026rsquo;t gone well with him, but found out\nlater from Iris that his stools had always been like that and he didn\u0026rsquo;t\nalways use the tray (possibly because he had no mother around to teach\nhim). Apparently, he had a digestive issue and had been dewormed by the\nvet. Our feeling was that a sensible vegetarian diet would likely be of\ngreater benefit than traditional vet interference. Over time it has\nproven to be so. Not only have his stools firmed up generally, but his\ncontrol and skill at using the litter tray became equal to any of the\ncats.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Oh-Ohs were kept in the room at night, but were gradually introduced\nto the rest of the household. The get togethers with the rabbits and\nSoleil, the rooster we had found wandering on the street, were\nparticularly entertaining. Obi was always the cautious one, letting Opi\ndo the initiations. Opi on the otherhand, is the most adaptable being I\nhave ever encountered. When she\u0026rsquo;s with the dogs, she is a dog; with the\nrabbits, she becomes accepted as a rabbit; even Soleil took to her as a\nfellow companion chicken! So one scene that was quite frequent at night\nwas to have the 3 rabbits gathered around for their evening meal with\nSoleil pecking at his share (occasionally pecking at the rabbits, just\nfor the fun of it), Obi looking on nearby, and Opi spawled in the middle\nof the greens and veggies!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSomehow, Opi\u0026rsquo;s customary maneuver is related to sprawling. I once saw\nher approach Carbon, who took some friendly swipes at her and she fell\ndown right in front of him. Once in a while, she\u0026rsquo;d get up on the cats\u0026rsquo; 3\nlevel playground and fall from there. Twice we\u0026rsquo;ve heard a thud, only to\nfind that Opi fell from the upper level railings of the stairs (a fall\nof about 10 feet) onto either the hard tiles or into the pot holding our\nNorfolk pine tree. Exactly why falling is such fun for her is unclear,\nbut she certainly seems to enjoy doing so - maybe it\u0026rsquo;s a bit like\nflying.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eObi\u0026rsquo;s trademark though is to hide. He is, in fact, very good at it - so\nmuch so, that on many occasions he had us worried he\u0026rsquo;d escaped from the\nhouse. The worst such incident occurred when we had a wood-pellet stove\ninstalled and Obi decided he didn\u0026rsquo;t want to take any chances with the\ninstallers. About half-way during their efforts, it was suddenly noticed\nthat all the cats were accounted for except for Obi. One of the\ninstallers said he saw a small cat on our porch so we naturally thought\nit was Obi and that he\u0026rsquo;d taken off. We all started turning the place\ninside out and then went outside, desperately trying to find this little\ncat, but to no avail. The installers\u0026rsquo; last words as they left were that\nthey hoped we find him and that he\u0026rsquo;d probably show-up when it was time\nto eat. Well he did show up right after they\u0026rsquo;d left. Exactly where he\nwas hiding and how it was that we couldn\u0026rsquo;t with our best efforts find\nhim is a statement to his skill.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoths are usually of great interest to cats because they move. The\nOh-Oh\u0026rsquo;s had different approaches to these flying creatures that on rare\noccasions found their way into our home. Obi stared at them intently and\nwould start a peculiar clicking sound with his jaw, much like the\nchattering of teeth (he does that when watching birds out the window\ntoo). I have never seen a cat do something like this. It was obvious he\nhad no intent to try to chase the moth (much less to kill it), but what\nwas he doing? Was it a form of communication or a signal that he was\nactively involved in observation? Opi, on the otherhand, was interested\nin at least trying to catch the moth sometimes, though not to kill it.\nIn fact, once she found one in the dog\u0026rsquo;s water bowl and was trying to\nscoop it out carefully with her paw. She was not successful though, but\nfortunately, we had become aware of her efforts and managed to rescue\nand release the object of interest unharmed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the realities that must be faced when there are cats around is\nthat it becomes necessary to give up the usual seating arrangements.\nCats have a way of finding their way to one\u0026rsquo;s favorite armchairs and\nmaking themselves at home there. So just when you feel the urge to sit\ndown with a good book in your favorite region of the family library, you\nfind you can\u0026rsquo;t because a cat is in contemplation, occupying what used to\nbe your spot! Of course, it would be rude to move the cat, so you just\nhave to let it go.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, when one has an understanding with a particular cat, one finds\nthat sharing is quite possible. For instance, Obi having adopted me as\nthe \u0026lsquo;favorite person\u0026rsquo; and regularly making full use of any beard stubble\nto rub his face upon, will often position himself on one side of the\narmchair, allowing me to squeeze in. Together we will go about our\nbusiness, I reading, he sleeping. The arrangement is quite equitable.\nOpi, on the otherhand, likes Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s chair. Sometimes she plops\nherself down in the middle so nothing can be done, but most times she\nprefers to go under it to fall asleep. Ranjana has to be careful not to\nstep on the tail that protudes from under the chair, but is at liberty\nto sit normally otherwise.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth the Oh-Ohs like to use their teeth for things other than eating.\nThis is likely a natural action for growing cats (as it is for dogs) and\nchewing on things seems to be an enjoyable activity at this age. The\nproblem unique to the Oh-Ohs though is what they chew.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe take our cats out on leashes because we don\u0026rsquo;t want them to take off\n(I\u0026rsquo;ve seen too many dead cats on the road), nor do we want them to\nterrorize the local fauna population (a talent they might develop if\nallowed to roam). So their leashes are hooked up to long (30 meter)\ncords which serve as a cat run. They thoroughly enjoy this activity,\nchasing and playing with each other within this restriction. The popular\nmisconception that cats don\u0026rsquo;t like leashes is just not true.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn fact, Opi loves leashes - far too much. After a few months, she\ndecided that leashes were things to be relished, particularly the\nplastic clips of the harness. So whenever she got the chance she\u0026rsquo;d get\ninto the closet where the leashes are hanging and start chewing on the\nclips, not only of her own leash, but of all of them. By the time we\ndiscovered her activity, all the clips bore teeth marks and some of them\nceased to function optimally. They are still usuable, but Opi has been\nlabelled a menace around closets.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eObi, on the otherhand, likes to chew on people, especially at night. Obi\ngenerally sleeps beside me, but before falling asleep he enjoys being\npetted. The arm that pets him becomes an object of such affection that\nhe feels he must grab it with both front paws and start chewing upon it.\nSometimes, he\u0026rsquo;ll employ the same devotion to the top of one\u0026rsquo;s head. Some\ncats know their own strength and some don\u0026rsquo;t. Fortunately for us, Obi is\none of the former, so beyond a few scratches these interludes don\u0026rsquo;t\nresult in any serious injuries, though one nearly resorts to prayer\nduring them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSomething we could never figure out is the envy between the cats and the\ndogs as to food and water. The dogs, particularly Jumpr, loves to steal\nthe cats\u0026rsquo; food whenever he can. Even when we give them all the same food\nas an experiment, he\u0026rsquo;ll avoid the contents of his own dish and relish\nthat of the cats. Riky loves to drink water out of the small container\nfor the cats. The feline company is not begrudging at all. They tried to\nget at the dog food to the point where we had to put the large bowls\noutside. Also, for some inexplicable reason, the cats will not drink out\nof their own waterbowls, preferring the rather large, and in my eyes,\nawkward ones, which are for the dogs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter being here nearly a whole year, the Oh-Ohs have carved their\nniches into the household (in more ways than one). Opi has gone from Ms\nCongeniality to She-Who-Must-Be-Obeyed, chasing after the 3 male cats\nwhenever she pleases. Obi gets mauled regularly, Grizu runs for cover\ndesperately, and the much larger Carbon gets wrestled to the ground\nfrequently! She is, however, considered a delight by both the dogs and\nthe rabbits. She sleeps every night by my feet just the way Oooochiii\nused to sleep by my head.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eObi on the otherhand, has not only become MrSnugglebug (though at night\nhe hangs out with the BinBon). He uses the stubble on my face to give\nhimself facerubs whenever I\u0026rsquo;m working on the computer. I don\u0026rsquo;t get to do\nmuch on the computer these days because after the facerub, he generally\ninsists on having a nap on the keyboard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can, therefore, no doubt understand why it is particularly difficult\nto write further about them ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "006 The Pig Dog", "date_published": "2022-01-10T20:29:39-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T20:29:39-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/006-the-pig-dog/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/006-the-pig-dog/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eJumpr was originally called Gordon Whitefoot by the couple who got him\nfrom the SPCA. I guess they either liked Lightfoot\u0026rsquo;s songs or they\nthought they were being nomenclaturely clever. Unfortunately, they\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t realize that this dog wasn\u0026rsquo;t interested in singing, but in\njumping over their 3 foot high fence. No matter how they tried to stop\nhim, he got over it, so after a short while they returned him in\nfrustration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe thought that Riky would enjoy a dog friend, so we headed over to the\nSPCA and one of the workers, Sandy introduced him to Jumpr thinking the\ntwo might get along. They played around for over an hour and Sandy\nremarked she never thought 2 male dogs would be so amicable. So it was\ndecided and off we all went back home, Jumpr and Riky sandwiching my\nyoung son Kyron in the backseat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe were initially very impressed with Jumpr who had obviously gone to\ndog-school. He didn\u0026rsquo;t pull you around on the leash. When his leash got\nentangled in his feet, he figured out how to un-entangle it. He was\nhappy playing second fiddle to Riky and there weren\u0026rsquo;t any squabbles once\nthe hierarchy had been established. In fact, we thought Jumpr might even\nteach Riky some of his elegant manners.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat Jumpr taught Riky to do was to jump the fence (and Riky, in\ncompensation, helped Jumpr to forget all sense of decorum).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou see, the house we bought has a third of the acre surrounded by a\nfour foot wire fence topped off with a strand of barbed wire. We never\nfigured out why the barbed wire was put there because the fence\ncertainly wasn\u0026rsquo;t high enough to keep deer out. We therefore suspect it\nwas more to keep the previous owners\u0026rsquo; children in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow Jumpr\u0026rsquo;s difficulty was that he was a sort of roundish being, likely\na husky-shepperd cross. In fact, my son soon started calling him the\n\u0026lsquo;Pig Dog\u0026rsquo;, because he did have a similar profile. He was very strong, to\nthe point where he would easily out-pull Riky in a tug-o-war, but\nagility wasn\u0026rsquo;t his fortĆ©. Three foot fences he could manage, but four\nfoot ones were not to his tastes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the otherhand, here was an agile friend Riky, sleekly built and\npowerful! All Jumpr had to do was convince Riky how much fun it would be\nto get to the otherside of the fence. So one fine day, we go out to call\nthe dogs, and Jumpr comes charging up to us all excited. We, of course,\ncouldn\u0026rsquo;t understand the commotion, but he led us over to the fence. It\nwas then we noticed that Riky was nowhere in the yard. Since Riky had\nnever run away even on leashless walks, we couldn\u0026rsquo;t believe that the\nimpossible had actually taken place. However, after a few loud \u0026ldquo;Riky\u0026rsquo;s\u0026rdquo;,\nsure enough our formerly ideal dog, stood at the gate wagging his tail\nvigorously!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe tried to pass off this incident as an anomaly, but a few hours later,\nthere was Jumpr all excited again and Riky was on the otherside of the\nfence!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOk! Time for defensive action! We spied on the dogs. Their communication\nwas quite revealing. Jumpr would checkout different areas of the fence\nand Riky would follow him. Then there would be a pause where the two\nwould look at each other with some sort of telepathy and suddenly, up\nand over went Riky.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo our course was clear. Bolster up the dips of the fence with chicken\nwire - that should stop him! Of course, we had to get the chicken wire\nand within that time Riky went over several times without Jumpr\u0026rsquo;s\nguidance - once actually through the six inch space between the barbed\nwire and the regular fence (don\u0026rsquo;t ask me how he did it, but i saw it\nwith my own eyes!) and once he didn\u0026rsquo;t quite make it and was found\ndangling from one leg, caught on the fence wiring.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, the chicken wire was in place and we were sure we had ended\nthis nonsense. Even Riky\u0026rsquo;s athletic abilities couldn\u0026rsquo;t overcome our\ningenuity, so we figured all was well. Unfortunately, we\u0026rsquo;d forgotten\nabout the mastermind, Jumpr.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pig Dog understood that there was no way he was going to go over\nlike his friend. However, there was plenty of opportunity to go under,\nright? All one has to do is dig and dig to create passageway. So\nsuddenly, Riky comes up to us all excited, and sure enough, there is no\nsign of Jumpr in the yard. Where was he? He was standing on the other\nside of the gate, waiting for us to let him in!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOver the next several weeks, Jumpr dug and we filled his tunnels with\nearth, wood pieces, stones, rebar and even concrete, but he always found\na way out. Riky was far too dignified initially to go under, but in a\nshort time he too followed whatever pathway Jumpr would create. Jumpr\ngoing out on his own wasn\u0026rsquo;t a big issue because he\u0026rsquo;d just come around to\nthe gate and wait, but when Riky started joining him, it all changed -\nthey\u0026rsquo;d go touring the neighbourhood for a couple of hours at a time.\nThey always came back, but this was not an acceptable situation at all!\nIf you don\u0026rsquo;t let your children run amuck, there\u0026rsquo;s no reason to let your\ndogs do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI realized one day that we were going about it all wrong. We shouldn\u0026rsquo;t\nbe trying to protect the exit points, we should deal with the culprits\ndirectly! So when they returned from their excursion, there were no\ngreetings of relief. I put on a very unkind face (my extensive\nexperience as a teacher prepared me well for that sort of thing), and\ntook them both to the back and leashed them to the stairs of the deck:\nmisbehave and this will be your reward!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter an hour or so, I went to check up on them to examine the state of\ntheir repentance. Riky sat quietly in shame. Jumpr was sitting too, but\nlooking around. Suddenly, I noticed that his leash wasn\u0026rsquo;t attached to\nhim! He had figured out how to wriggle free from his collar, but because\nhe knew he was being punished, he just sat in the same spot! I thought I\ndetected a bit of a smirk on his face, but it\u0026rsquo;s hard to tell on that\nface! This scene occurred a few times, but the dogs soon figured out\nthat we didn\u0026rsquo;t want them running off from the yard, so we had reached an\nunderstanding.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJumpr and Riky had a lieutenant-general relationship. Whenever there was\nan important issue to be resolved in the yard, Riky would send Jumpr\nahead to investigate with his usual thoroughness of checking out every\nmolecule of earth, water and air. When it was time to defend the\nterritory, Jumpr would lead the charge with his ferocious bark that made\none certain there weren\u0026rsquo;t any pig genes in his ancestry. However, Jumpr\nis the epitomy of the bark being worse than the bite. When Riky was\naround, Jumpr was in his glory, prancing and brave. However, if Riky\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t there to defend him, it was a completely different matter.\nClassic evidence of this occurred with the neighbour\u0026rsquo;s little terrier,\nMini, with whom our dogs would playfully fence-fight.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJumpr had pulled off one of his escapes and was heading around the fence\nto take up his usual post at the gate, when who should appear out of\nnowhere, but Mini. Though a quarter his size, Mini had a presence, and\nin that moment it was uncertain what that presence had in mind. It took\none bark and Jumpr moved faster than we\u0026rsquo;d ever seen him, straight to the\ngate which he tried to push open with his front paws. Luckily we arrived\nbriskly to rescue him from that terror.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSomething that has proved fascinating is the relationship our dogs have\nwith crows. We have tall trees surrounding our house making it an ideal\nspot for bird visitations of all sorts. At certain times of the year,\nthere are eagles, sparrows, chickadees, owls, towhees, robins,\nwoodpeckers and even hummingbirds. It is really quite a spectacular\nbirdfest, which is completely ignored by our dogs. However, crows, for\nsome reason are a different matter as far as they are concerned, for as\nsoon as a crow flies overhead they would bark continuously and give\nchase, the lieutenant leading the way of course.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI must admit I don\u0026rsquo;t understand the point of this chase since there is a\nvertical separation of over one hundred feet between the dogs and the\ncrows. We have a theory that the crows, who can be just as vocal as our\ndogs, are actually teasing them in some way that our dogs can\nunderstand. This would seem to explain the dogs\u0026rsquo; selective focus and\nresponse to only these birds.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter he\u0026rsquo;d been with us about a year and a half, Jumpr developed some\nwalking problems. Being part shepperd, hip dysplasia was a possibility,\nbut what seemed to aggravate it were the 8km runs my son and I did with\nthe dogs from his music teacher\u0026rsquo;s house. Gradually, he could barely walk\ndownstairs in the morning (he slept with Riky in our bedroom) so I\u0026rsquo;d\nhave to carry him out. His bladder control went too and sometimes in the\nmorning, I\u0026rsquo;d find him trying to lick up his own urine, trying to make up\nfor the accident he felt responsible for.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite all this, his spirits were high. He liked staying outside and\nsit under the alder trees by the fence at the back of the yard. He\u0026rsquo;d\nhobble out to his particular spot and just lie in the tall grass for the\nentire day and sometimes we\u0026rsquo;d carry him back when it was time to eat.\nGone was the desire to investigate. Gone was the mischief.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJumpr\u0026rsquo;s walk continued to deteriorate, but his bladder control came\nback. Then one day we noticed that his trips to the alders weren\u0026rsquo;t as\nawkward and he\u0026rsquo;d make it back on his own at dinner time. Gradually, the\nwalk got stronger and stronger. Then the rolly-poly bounce came back.\nThen the ability to run. One day, we were even happy when we caught him\ntrying to dig and escape under the fence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJumpr was back and surprisingly, stronger than before! We attribute the\nrecovery to his being strict vegetarian and some form of communion with\nthe grass and alders. It is surprising how diet, rest and seclusion,\ncombined with a supportive environment can create what appear to be\nmiracles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe seemed to recognize his new strength too. On walks, he\u0026rsquo;d pull you\nalong relentlessly, always in a hurry to go goodness knows where. In the\npast, he\u0026rsquo;d been what people would call a lumbering lumox, crashing into\nthings, stepping on our toes, but now you got in his way at your own\nrisk! Riky, despite his rank as general, regularly got knocked aside\nwith hip-checks that would be the envy of any hockey player. Jumpr would\ncome charging through open doors (and sometimes closed ones), scattering\nobjects and living entities like a bowling ball scatters pins.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis favorite activity seemed to be to steal a cushion and parade it\nright in front of us, delighting when we\u0026rsquo;d take it from him and swat him\non the head with it. Occasionally, he\u0026rsquo;d even do his thieving skillfully\nbehind our backs and we\u0026rsquo;d have to retrieve the cushions from our yard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSomehow, even though no one can stand this menace, everyone likes him.\nHe is always the first to greet or to play, or even to just sit beside\nsomeone of any species (and we have quite a few in our home) to provide\na moment of companionship.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pig Dog is just a juggernaut of joy.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "005 Wedaches", "date_published": "2022-01-10T20:29:11-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T20:29:11-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/005-wedaches/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/005-wedaches/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAll anyone has to do is look without prejudice, and the similarities\nbetween weddings and funerals become obviously apparent. In fact, the\ntwo functions are nearly identical. Both are exorbitantly expensive.\nBoth require all participants to dress in weird and uncomfortable\noutfits. Both have an abundance of tears, provided sometimes by hired\nhelp. Both have parties. And both are a celebration of the end of\nsomething. In fact, about the only difference is that in a funeral the\ncenter of attention at least enjoys the benefit of not being present.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI refuse to go to weddings or funerals, but it doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean that I\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t, once upon a time. So what I write here comes from painful\nexperience and not the blissful nonsense that seems to mesmerize most\npeople about these things. Since I have already demonstrated that there\nreally isn\u0026rsquo;t any significant difference between the two, I will only\ntalk about weddings and what I say can be easily extrapolated to\nfunerals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t really remember the first wedding I attended, but I do know that\nit wasn\u0026rsquo;t my own and that I was forced to go to it by Ranjana because\nsome colleague of hers was the bride. However, I have some recollections\nof the other weddings I went to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy badminton doubles partner was getting married. I did not want to go\nto his wedding, because I had other things to do. However, I was told\nthat they\u0026rsquo;d like me to take photos there (even though they had hired a\nphotographer, so now I think it may have been a trick), therefore, I\nfelt it was not going to be a complete loss. Besides, Ranjana was\npressuring me to go.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe wedding was held at a massive church which was fully packed with\nwhat appeared to be most of the city. There was the monotonous\nprocession to bad music down the aisle, the strangely dressed minister\u0026rsquo;s\neven stranger utterances, the prefabricated responses of the bride and\nbridegroom. The exhibition took a very long time. Then they disappeared\ninto a room to sign the register. This took even longer and seeing how\nthe entire congregation was really quite bored, I considerately\nvolunteered to shout out something like \u0026ldquo;Hey, the honeymoon isn\u0026rsquo;t\nsupposed to start till later, you know!\u0026rdquo;, but Ranjana dissuaded me from\ndoing so for some reason.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe reception was even more preponderous (the bride\u0026rsquo;s family was very\nwealthy and wanted to demonstrate this fact) and there was a silly\nprocess in which we all had to line up to shake the married couples'\nhands and wish them well. I have no idea why we were supposed to do\nthis. Was it that they were afraid that something bad was going to\nhappen after this fantastic display, that they needed all these good\nwishes? At any rate, I quickly shot a roll of film and disappeared\nbefore getting enmeshed any further.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe wedding of my tennis doubles partner was even more convoluted. He\nwas marrying another tennis player at the club and since we were all\ngood friends, they wanted me to be an usher at their wedding. The only\nproblem was that I didn\u0026rsquo;t want to go to the wedding. I had no objection\nto their getting married, but I didn\u0026rsquo;t see why they had to involve\ninnocent bystanders. However, I was given the speech about how this was\nsuch an important day for them and how they really, really wanted me to\nusher and encountering such pressure, I finally agreed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen I found out I had to attend the reception too. This was too much\nand even the lure of a free vegetarian meal (they were going to prepare\nspecial dishes for Ranjana and myself) wasn\u0026rsquo;t enough because apparently\nthere was dancing at the reception. Dancing is one of those horrible\npractices that make people sweat, something I refuse to do unless I am\nproperly attired in a sweatsuit. I produced a creative assortment of\nexcuses as to why I couldn\u0026rsquo;t attend the reception, but the bride-to-be\nfigured out that it was probably the dancing that was bothering me and\ngave me leave to go before that debacle started. Now I really had run\nout of options.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe bride\u0026rsquo;s family had specific details that had to be looked after. For\ninstance, I had to wear a suit and the tie they chose for me. Then, I\nwas told that I was supposed to drive the married couple to the\nreception after they dressed my car up even sillier than they had\ndressed me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn any case, I went dutifully to the church and took my assigned place\njust inside the front doors and watched the people migrating in.\nSuddenly, another tennis friend came up to me and emphatically asked\nwith some urgency, \u0026ldquo;What are you doing?\u0026rdquo;. I told him that I was\nushering. He said I wasn\u0026rsquo;t supposed to be just standing around looking,\nbut that my job was to take people to their seats. This made no sense to\nme because it wasn\u0026rsquo;t like the church was dark as in a cinema hall and\nthese people couldn\u0026rsquo;t find their own seats!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother strange matter was that the people the bride invited sat on one\nside of the church, while those the groom invited sat on the other.\nPossibly the logic behind this arrangement was to show who had the\ngreater number of gullible friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen I was told that I was supposed \u0026lsquo;offer my arm\u0026rsquo; to any females in the\nparty I was escorting. The rationale behind this bit of bizzarity\ncompletely eluded me. Why should the female or anyone else for that\nmatter be allowed to possess my arm? What if there were two females or\nworse what if there were more than two? Obviously, these people hadn\u0026rsquo;t\nthought out the logistics properly at all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe reception was very irritating. It was hard enough sitting in a suit\nand tie, but it is impossible to concentrate on eating (even a free\nmeal) when people are making ridiculous speeches throughout it extolling\neach others virtues. In any case, my duty had been done and using the\nexperience gained earlier, I ushered Ranjana and myself right out of\nthere before things got really gruesome.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou\u0026rsquo;d think I\u0026rsquo;d learn after these experiences and as you\u0026rsquo;ll see I did!\nWhat could have been the worst was yet to come - my own wedding!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlease understand that there was absolutely no reason why Ranjana and I\nshould have gotten married. She\u0026rsquo;s been bothering me since she was four\nso I had already done more time than most people do with a spouse!\nFurthermore, there was always the ever present threat of The East Indian\nWedding. If you thought the other two I related were bad, know that East\nIndian weddings can go on for 20 days!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo when the parents brought up the \u0026ldquo;When are you two going to get\nmarried?\u0026rdquo; line, I had to plan my escape. The \u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;ve done more time than\nmost people do with a spouse\u0026rdquo; idea didn\u0026rsquo;t seem to hold any weight with\nthe parents or Ranjana, so I settled down to research the situation from\nvarious perspectives and was confident I would succeed in finding a\nsolution out of my predicament.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen I made my first and only mistake, ever, in my entire existence!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI had learned that there actually was a benefit to getting married which\nwas that one could claim a tax deduction. Overwhelmed by greed and\ndesperation, in a fit of shortsighted blindness, I agreed to the idea!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen I came to my senses, I could see that there was a thick buzz in the\nair as the planning had already commenced on how we were going to be\nmarried - the announcements, the people, the food, the receptions, it\nlooked hopelessly endless. I can\u0026rsquo;t even stand a party and this\nmonstrosity was getting bigger and bigger like the Hindenburg being\npumped full of hydrogen gas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey say that when the going gets tough, the tough get going, but I had\nnowhere to go! I had to think fast!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen, as if sent from heaven, there was a great spark of intuition!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI suggested that instead of spending all this \u0026lsquo;pomp and fanfare\u0026rsquo; on us,\nwho already had everything and even each other (that was really such a\nnice touch, don\u0026rsquo;t you think?), why not give all that money to Mother\nTeresa\u0026rsquo;s efforts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana was delighted by this idea (and of course, I am never going to\nreveal my real motivations).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow did the parents take it? Oh my god! It was like we had just killed\nthem (and who knows how many ancestors to boot)! After all, you\u0026rsquo;re not\nsupposed to get married for yourselves right? You\u0026rsquo;re supposed to get\nmarried for your parents! In fact, they were making a phenomenal amount\nof noise for people who had freshly been killed!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite the opposition, I was convinced there was a window of\nopportunity here and so I pursued it, reinforcing the basic concepts and\nlogically elaborating on their merits. Sometimes, you just have to wear\npeople down.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana\u0026rsquo;s parents were the first to concede and not too reluctantly\neither. They had connections with the Ramakrishna Mission in India and\nactually felt good about making their contribution to that organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy parents though were another story. My mother, in particular, took all\nthis as a personal affront and figured her reputation with the Indian\ncommunity was going to be permanently destroyed by this rebellious son.\nMy father was afraid of my mother, so it is perhaps a bit unclear what\nhis thoughts really were, but I see no reason to give him any benefit of\nthe doubt. When I used to ask them where I came from I recall being told\ntwo possibilities - a supermarket, when they were in a good mood, and a\ngarbage can when they weren\u0026rsquo;t. It was pretty clear for the next few days\nwhat my origins were.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs so often happens when one is engaged in a truly valiant venture such\nas getting out of going to a party, providence came to my rescue in the\nform of my uncle of all people (since we rarely associated with him). He\nappeared out of nowhere and said this was a remarkable thing - the first\ntime anyone in the history of the family, as far as he had researched\nit, had gotten married wanting to give everything to charity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell, that was all it took! My mother suddenly saw the whole thing in a\ncompletely different light and even greatly illuminated the viewpoints\nof the other 3 parents as well as the masses of relatives that would\nhave shown up. I had gone from murderous villain to hero overnight! I\nthink I had even found my way back into that supermarket and may be even\na bit further!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA lot of money was raised and I got out of having to go to a party!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow you might be thinking all was joy and we lived happily ever after.\nHowever, you forget that there was still that little nagging matter of a\nwedding. Yes the reception threat had been eliminated, but there was\nstill the wedding. I couldn\u0026rsquo;t very well conjure up a charity to\nintervene on my behalf to solve this dilemma - there are legal issues at\nstake!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo the first necessary step was to investigate alternatives to a\nwedding. Partially utilizing the already successful charity argument as\nleverage, I demonstrated that the best way to not spend money on a\nwedding was not to have one: therefore, have the deed done by a justice\nof the peace or a ship\u0026rsquo;s captain. The latter was impractical since we\nwere on land and the former would cost only $15, a sacrifice I was\nwilling to make, especially since I knew I could get my parents to pay\nfor it - so that they could feel they had met their responsibilities as\nparents of course! Besides, I knew that since justices of the peace have\nimportant things to do, such as getting people to stand up when they\ncome into a courtroom and perching upon a high bench, they simply cannot\nhang around administering blessings for extended periods of time the way\nchurch VIPs do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOk so that part was taken care of efficiently! Could I do more? Was\nthere a possibility that I might manage not to attend even this ceremony\nand still collect my tax deduction? The answer was yes! It would take\ncoercion and courage, but it could be done!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI learned that I could get married by proxy!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow I had several students who were fearful of me - after all, I was a\nhigh school teacher at the time! What indeed could be the point of that\noccupation if one couldn\u0026rsquo;t make use of one\u0026rsquo;s students when the need\narose? After a bit of purposeful negotiation, it seemed I managed to\nconvince one of them that it would be greatly to his benefit to serve as\nmy proxy! In fact, as I recall, I didn\u0026rsquo;t have to employ much coercion.\nHe seemed quite happy to serve this useful role, no doubt because he\nfelt sorry that his noble teacher would have to undergo such an\nunpleasant experience. I suppose I had indeed brought him up well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen came the courage part - telling Ranjana.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell I certainly had the courage, but I had overlooked another \u0026lsquo;c\u0026rsquo; that\nneeded to exist with coercion and courage. That \u0026lsquo;c\u0026rsquo; was cooperation.\nInexplicably, Ranjana was opposed to having my student be the proxy. I\nfound her attitude most puzzling to say the least! After all, it wasn\u0026rsquo;t\nlike this fellow was a complete stranger. We\u0026rsquo;d known him for a year or\nso and he spent large periods of time at our home as did many of my\nstudents. I tried to reason with her with the aforementioned argument\nand even wrung out the gut-wrenching \u0026ldquo;but you don\u0026rsquo;t really want to hurt\nhis feelings, do you?\u0026rdquo;. It was to no avail though. I can only conclude\nthat she heartlessly wanted me to suffer with her through the ceremony.\nAs the saying goes, misery does indeed enjoy company.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI dutifully showed up beside Ranjana (who even made me wear a suit -\nthough I wasn\u0026rsquo;t forced to wear a tie) at city hall. The four parents\nwere in tow as well, no doubt to ensure I had no possibility of escape.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen a glimmer of hope!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt seemed that the municipal government had made a error. Ranjana had\nbeen registered as the bridegroom while I was flagged as the bride.\nHowever, I watched in astonishment as the clerk corrected the situation\nwithin seconds! What ever happened to obligatory bureaucratic\ninefficiency? Shouldn\u0026rsquo;t the matter have gone to several committees and\ntaken months to resolve?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNext thing I knew we were standing before the justice of the peace who\nwas typically dressed in one of those black outfits which made one think\nof penguins. He didn\u0026rsquo;t wear a white hairpiece, but I was too forlorn to\nmake an issue of it. All I can recall of those blurry moments were his\nmumbling something and then Ranjana mumbling something in agreement and\nthen I think I mumbled something as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuddenly I was awakened from my stupor with the frightful words I had\nheard in the movies, \u0026ldquo;You may now kiss the bride.\u0026rdquo; What? It was over?\nThat was all there was to this? Elation had found me again!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInstead of following his directive (after all it wasn\u0026rsquo;t a command you\nknow, because he did say \u0026ldquo;You may ā€¦\u0026rdquo; and not something like \u0026ldquo;Do it!\u0026rdquo;), I\nproceeded to shake his hand vigorously offering my deepest gratitude.\nWhile thus engaged, I turned to Ranjana and said, \u0026ldquo;He did that so well!\nWe should have him again the next time we do this!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was very evident from the incredulous look on his face, that this\npoor fellow had never before in his entire career, received such a\nfine compliment!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "004 The Old Man", "date_published": "2022-01-10T20:28:47-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T20:28:47-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/004-the-old-man/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/004-the-old-man/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eKyron\u0026rsquo;s beginnings were what one might say rather coincidental. He\nactually tried very hard to arrive on my birthday, October 27. However,\nhis mother, Ranjana wouldn\u0026rsquo;t let him.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana wanted a natural birth and enlisted the aid and guidance of not\none, but two midwives, Jane and Larry, as well as Kelly, her own medical\ndoctor. Unfortunately, she didn\u0026rsquo;t listen to anything they said and did\nher own thing, so one does wonder what the point of having them around\nreally was. On Friday, October 27, she went into labor at home and the\nmidwives arrived full of energy, enthusiasm and good advice. So assisted\nby them and our first child, Pericles the cockatiel, Ranjana settled\ndown to what was supposed to be a simple process. After all, she had\nexcellent help all around and Kyron was most willing to cooperate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, for some mysterious reason Ranjana didn\u0026rsquo;t seem to execute any\nof the suggestions given by the midwives to her as the hours went by.\nPericles, himself who normally went to bed by 10 pm, courageously stayed\nwith her till 2 am, but then could hold up no longer and started\nbouncing off the wall (literally), so I put him into his cage and\ncovered it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter that first night, we thought things would surely wrap up on\nSaturday. She did still have excellent help, myself, Pericles, the\nmidwives (who were still willing to work with her) and of course, Kyron\nwas still quite eager to come out, though admittedly starting to scratch\nhis head wondering what the delay was. All Saturday went by. Then\nSaturnight too with Pericles and the wall getting acquainted again at\nabout 2 am.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVery early Sunday morning, it was decided that we would make the trip to\nthe hospital and let the doctor have a go at this. Doing so was not an\ninviting prospect though, for it was unusually foggy and one really\ncouldn\u0026rsquo;t see more than a few feet beyond. The driving had to be done\nunderstandably with great caution. Then a fascinating thing happened as\nwe rode over a bridge about 3 kilometers from our house. The fog\nsuddenly dissipated and the rays of sunshine shone through lighting our\nway. I turned to Ranjana and said, \u0026ldquo;Kyron is coming\u0026rdquo;. You see, Kyron was\nnamed as a conceptual combination of my name Pradip (light) and Ranjana\n(many colors), for Kyron means many colored rays of light from the sun.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt the hospital, it was more of the same thing, Ranjana in a standoff\nwith the midwives as well as the doctor as the hours rolled on. At one\npoint, Ranjana really felt that this had gone on long enough and that\nperhaps natural childbirth really wasn\u0026rsquo;t the way she wanted to do it.\nThe midwives too were thinking that enough was enough. However, in an\nastonishing move, the medical doctor changed this line of thinking. She\nsaid she knew how much Ranjana wanted to have a natural childbirth and\nthat she knew that Ranjana could see it through ā€¦ just hang on a little\nlonger, you really can do this!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd so, after 40 hours of labor, it finally happened! Kyron emerged!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot surprisingly, the doctor required my expertise to cut the umbellical\ncord and I went with the nurse when they took Kyron for the routine\ntests for I didn\u0026rsquo;t want them to accidentally mix him up with some other\nkid which is what I\u0026rsquo;m certain had happened to me. When we got home, I\nfigured out why this whole process had taken so long. Ranjana was born\non September 29. Now, if Kyron had come out on my birthday, she couldn\u0026rsquo;t\nvery well lay a legitimate claim. So she actually delayed the entire\nbirth two days to October 29, so that at least her birthdate got into\nthe picture. Very devious indeed!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron took things nice and slow. He wasn\u0026rsquo;t in any hurry to nurse which\ncaused Ranjana considerable aggravation and required her to go to\nvarious means of getting him to do so. Nor did he sleep in a\nparticularly uneventful fashion, for he would be moving around all night\nas though he were constantly travelling to some exotic location or other\nand we would find him in the strangest corners of his crib.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen he played, he\u0026rsquo;d sit fascinated by sand and water for hours with no\ninterest in moving to other toys which were lavished on him by both sets\nof grandparents. He took extreme pleasure in learning to walk going from\na crawl, to getting up, taking a step or two, falling down with total\nglee and repeating this sequence over and over again. This glee followed\nhim right into his running, for even though he could move very fast,\nhe\u0026rsquo;d burst into laughter during the run and invariably crumple into a\ngiggling heap.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough he enjoyed the company of his little human friends, it was clear\nthat they were by no means necessary. Anything, a wisp of cloud, the\nmoon, a street, a twig or the caterpillar lounging on it, could become a\nfriend. Sometimes, the play was observation and he\u0026rsquo;d look at his human\nfriends sitting in a circle engaged in some activity, except he\u0026rsquo;d be\nsitting several meters outside the circle, just watching and watching.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow before you start to think that Kyron was a budding philosopher who\nliked to laugh a lot, you should know that he also took great pleasure\nin getting on the nerves of those who deserved it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo when he was about two years old and we went to the shopping mall with\nmy parents (you know the ones who didn\u0026rsquo;t follow the nurse in and got me\nmixed-up with some other kid), he decided he\u0026rsquo;d go for a stroll. My\nparents having cultivated paranoia to an art, naturally thought this was\nthe end of their grandson. My mother screamed at my father, who fuming\nturned to me insisting that I bring him back immediately, recovering the\ngreat gulf of 5 meters Kyron had put between us. Kyron figured he\u0026rsquo;d\nfound a new game, for the further away he went the greater the commotion\nbehind him grew. My father glared at me because apparently I was\nshrugging my shoulders and saying something to the effect of \u0026ldquo;What do\nyou want me to do?\u0026rdquo;. Well, this was just too much and my father feeling\nhe\u0026rsquo;d have to play his role as the patriarch went after Kyron.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGoing after Kyron and catching him even at two are entirely different\nconcepts which my father hadn\u0026rsquo;t quite reconciled. Therefore, I was left\nto watch Kyron running around a counter with my father in desperate\npursuit. I was sure I would have heard him laughing in his usual gleeful\nway, but unfortunately, I was forced to listen to my mother, who also\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t seem to understand why I was still shrugging my shoulders with\nthe \u0026ldquo;What can I do?\u0026rdquo; expression on my face.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnyway, Kyron rounded one counter-corner, then another and then a third\nand stood beside me obviously elated that he had not been caught.\nUnfortunately, his grandfather was nowhere to be seen and it was really\ntoo much to expect that he\u0026rsquo;d somehow find his way back to us in his\nstate of mind. My mother, though, didn\u0026rsquo;t seem too concerned about\nfinding him, since her grandson had come back and would have provided us\nwith a reproachful lecture on parental responsibility had we not left\nimmediately to recover my father, before he really did get lost. We were\nsuccessful tracking him down, but I will say nought about the\ncelebrations that followed that encounter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron also very quickly figured out that his mother was a lot of fun. In\nfact, he realized that she could be a never-ending source of delight.\nAll he had to do to experience this delight was not do what she wanted\nhim to do. One particularly pleasurable event was deciding what to wear.\nRanjana has a very well-developed sense of aesthetics - I know this for\na fact because she told me so. Having failed completely in educating me\nregarding clothing decor, she took to setting out my garments for me,\nwhich I unfailingly did wear, provided there was not something else\nwithin more convenient reach, of course.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNaturally, she was determined to bring up Kyron properly as far as\nclothing goes and so she bought him the most perfectly matching items\nsometimes with deep consultation with the saleperson, both relishing in\nmutual admiration of each other\u0026rsquo;s undeniable wisdom. Kyron certainly was\nthe most aesthetically dressed young lad up to the age of two or so.\nAfter that, he seemed to take quite a liking to things that were\ntattered or had stains (which he sometimes put on himself demonstrating\nhis own aesthetic capacities) or, and this seemed to give him the\ngreatest pleasure, any combination that his mother found horrifying. Was\nit not remarkable that his mother could provide such animated merriment\nby something so simple as wearing a tshirt inside-out!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana, not being one to give up too easily, tried to instruct Kyron in\nthe finer points of childhood etiquette, which Kyron obviously\nappreciated for each provided a wonderful source of play. All these\nattempts concluded in much the same way with Ranjana sternly saying,\n\u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;m not happy with your behavior\u0026rdquo; which caused Kyron to think solemnly\nfor about 10 seconds and then with continued solemnity ask, \u0026ldquo;Mommy, are\nyou unhappy with my behavior?\u0026rdquo; One should not think that this solemnity\nmeant that he was no longer experiencing his pleasure, but it should be\nnoted that he was receiving it from a different source - that of his\nfather trying very hard to suppress his own pleasure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA memorable moment occurred after a particularly strenuous encounter at\nthe end of which Ranjana skipped the \u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;m not happy ā€¦\u0026rdquo; line, jumping\nright to an imaginatively created exasperation, \u0026ldquo;When are you going to\nlearn to behave yourself?!!\u0026rdquo;. Adeptly adapting to the novelty, Kyron,\nwhile continuing his business, quickly and calmly answered, \u0026ldquo;Oh about 4\no\u0026rsquo;clock\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRanjana and Kyron attended the local Waldorf School\u0026rsquo;s mother-and-tot\nprogram together. They both enjoyed it very much, Kyron because he liked\nto play and Ranjana because she liked the teacher, Patti, who was really\nvery good and quite fond of Kyron and all the other children. Proof of\nher deep understanding was demonstrated early on when questioned about\nwhy Waldorf didn\u0026rsquo;t try to enhance the \u0026lsquo;giftedness\u0026rsquo; that some children\nseem to show at an early age. She answered that these gifts won\u0026rsquo;t go\naway as kids grow older and a child should be allowed to remain a child\nfor as long as he or she wishes to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following year Kyron graduated to Waldorf\u0026rsquo;s nursery school. His\nteacher there, Carol, used to refer to him as King Kyron, because she\nfound he had this ability to get the other children to often do work\nthat he was supposed to do, such as cleaning up after play, while he\ntook on a supervisory role. She was also the one who told us that she\nthought there was an old man living inside Kyron.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt seems that the old man had this ongoing experience with existence\nthat seems to elude younger folk as they put increasing years under\ntheir chronological belt. When he observed the swirlings of milk in his\ngrandmother\u0026rsquo;s tea, he would exclaim, \u0026ldquo;Clouds!\u0026rdquo;. When drawing, Kyron\nwould never begin from the middle of the paper - it would always be from\na corner and proceed dynamically inwards as though in constant motion\nand exploration. After Ranjana or I read a story to him, he would, at\nthe end of it say, \u0026ldquo;Again!\u0026rdquo; perhaps to live out its deeper intricacies\nseveral times.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe rarely wanted things even though all the grandparents tried to give\nhim the entire Toys \u0026lsquo;R Us franchise. He never seemed interested in those\nobjects that attempt to divert a child\u0026rsquo;s investigations into life,\nbeyond taking them apart to see what might be inside: a huge cardboard\nbox offered much more promising adventures! When we tried to buy him\nthings, the response was always \u0026ldquo;No, I don\u0026rsquo;t need it\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;No, I have\nsomething like it\u0026rdquo;. I think this is a child\u0026rsquo;s way of saying don\u0026rsquo;t\nclutter up my life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerhaps the following portrait best expresses what the old man was up\nto.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach morning the kids would go to Waldorf along a breath-taking path\nthat was at least half a kilometer in length. This path led from the\nparking lot to the school building and was bordered by majestic trees,\nvibrant plants and beautiful wild flowers. The children of various ages\nwould walk down a sloping hill and then go up another, in a harmonious\nflow, many of the younger ones accompanied by their parents.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd then, amidst this stream of humanity, one would spot two figures\ngoing in various directions, sometimes with the flow, sometimes against\nit, sometimes across it, sometimes nowhere near it. One was Ranjana\nfollowing the other, Kyron, who was much too occupied in discovery to be\nconcerned with the bell that was signaling the start of class or that\nstream of bodies which had accepted its destination.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor the old man and his mother, a stone, a leaf, a butterfly, were all\nmiracles waiting to be found again and again through endless eternities.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "003 Irreverence With Sass to Go", "date_published": "2022-01-10T20:28:17-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T20:28:17-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/003-irreverence-with-sass-to-go/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/003-irreverence-with-sass-to-go/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eMy friend Tricia walks her dogs Buddy and Sadie at the park. These walks\nare not only good for her dogs, but also good for the other people who\nare also walking their dogs, because being a dedicated, ethical vegan\nanimal rights activist, she uses every opportunity to bring the plight\nof animals to the attention of anyone who will listen to her (and even\nto those who really don\u0026rsquo;t want to listen to her). As a result, she\u0026rsquo;s had\nmany a verbal adventure, some of which you can read in her own blook,\nTricia Times.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis story is not about one of those verbal adventures. Rather, it is a\nlesson in the skilful dispensation of information.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA while ago, Tricia met a couple in the dog park. The man was a\nradiologist which means he specialized in using radiation to diagnose\nand treat disease as opposed to being someone who spends his time fixing\nor listening to radios. His wife, on the otherhand, was a talkologist\nwhich essentially means she talked a lot. The subject of her attention\nat this time happened to be herself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt seems that she was a maker of soaps and lotions that would shame any\nproduct that Oil of Olay could produce. In those commercials, the woman\nuses the catch slogan \u0026ldquo;How old do you think I am?\u0026rdquo;, but in this one that\nTricia was politely enduring, there was no such question. Instead there\nwas a recurring refrain that played to the following tune \u0026ldquo;I am 60 and I\ndon\u0026rsquo;t look it at all, because I make and use my own soap and lotion\u0026rdquo;.\nTricia did agree with her for she estimated her visual age at about 66,\nbut did not offer to discuss these calculations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe person continued with a dissertation of the importance of getting\nmammograms and pap smears. When this had finished, Tricia used the lull\nto reveal that she does not do any of that stuff. She was immediately\nand severely reprimanded with words to the effect that \u0026ldquo;When you get to\nmy age, you\u0026rsquo;ll regret being so reckless\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;You young women should\nreally take your health seriously\u0026rdquo;. Poor Tricia, what could she say to\nsuch well-intentioned advice?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell, she didn\u0026rsquo;t really get a chance to say anything, because\ncapitalizing on the elevated position acquired by virtue of being an\nelder, the woman intended on pursuing her advantage. \u0026ldquo;How old are you?\u0026rdquo;\ncame the inevitable and probing question.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCornered, Tricia had no option but to tell her what she wanted to know.\n\u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;ll be 61 in November\u0026rdquo; came the reply. This proved to be too much for\nthe radiologist who burst out laughing either because he didn\u0026rsquo;t believe\nTricia or because he was delighted that someone had made the copyright\non his wife\u0026rsquo;s refrain rather invalid.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStill hoping to salvage something, the woman asked Tricia what her\nbirthday was and upon learning it turned to her husband with the\nindignant words \u0026ldquo;a sassy and irreverent scorpio\u0026rdquo; (though she grudgingly\nadmitted she thought Tricia was much younger).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, since the gates of sass and irreverence had now been opened up,\nTricia took the opportunity to tell her two listeners that she was\nvegan. A vegan avoids using products taken from animals. For example, a\nvegan will not consume meat, milk or eggs because these items are taken\nforcibly from sentient beings (nor will a vegan wear leather or fur, of\ncourse). The woman appeared to have some idea of what the term meant,\nfor she questioned Tricia as to why she would give up meat for her\nhealth, yet not go to doctors for mammograms and pap smears.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTricia\u0026rsquo;s answer was that she did not become vegan for health reasons,\nbut because she refused to contribute to the cruelty inflicted by humans\nupon animals. Perhaps, it was the ancient Greek Plutarch who came to\nspeak through her:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;But for the sake of some little mouthful of flesh, we deprive a soul of\nthe sun and light and of that proportion of life and time it had been\nborn into the world to enjoy.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe told them that good health was a natural result of being vegan for\nnot only is your conscience clean, your body is free from animal\nproteins that it just can\u0026rsquo;t process properly. Echoing the McCartneys'\nwords regarding what people would do if slaughterhouses had glass walls,\nTricia added, \u0026ldquo;If you knew what goes on in factory farms and\nslaughterhouses, you\u0026rsquo;d become vegan too\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is difficult to argue against this. People can bury their conscience\nin the deep recesses of their minds, but they cannot eliminate it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI think Tricia may have helped this lady reach down into those recesses\nto at least look for that conscience, for she gave Tricia her email\naddress. While I have little doubt that she hopes she may be able to\nlook younger by following Tricia\u0026rsquo;s vegan example, I also think she longs\nto regain that time in her youth when kindness and compassion were the\nspirits that guided her.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "002 The Rikster", "date_published": "2022-01-10T20:27:27-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T20:27:27-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/002-the-rikster/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/002-the-rikster/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eRiky the dog goes by a variety of names like Riky-Tiky or\nRikle-Tickle-Pickle. He seems to be a black rotweiller-labrador-shepherd\ncross. This story lends itself best to his identity of being the\nRikster.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we went to get him from the shelter, every dog was trying to get\nthrough the gate in their enclosure. It is sad to see the hope in each\none\u0026rsquo;s eyes, knowing that all but one will be disappointed. However, Riky\nwas different, though not indifferent. He simply lay quietly at the\nfront of his space, on his side with his head on the floor, just\nwatching us. There was no jumping, no barking nothing that even hinted\nat \u0026ldquo;take me now!\u0026rdquo;. Nor did he look sad or forlorn. He simply seemed to\nbe willing to let things come as they will. Well it worked. This\nequanimity seemed to attract my son, Kyron, to him right away and off he\nwent with us.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe was a very good-natured, 8 month old fellow who had apparently been\nfound wandering on a highway by the vet who had her office in our area.\nShe had taken him to the SPCA and was pleasantly surprised when we\neventually brought him in to be neutered. Riky seemed to be delighted\ngoing with the receptionist who took him into a waiting room for the vet\nto check him out. She explained it would be a simple procedure and he\u0026rsquo;d\nbe ready to leave that afternoon.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we went to pick him up later that day, he had lost his bounce and\nenergy because he was still recovering from the anaesthetic. He almost\nhad to be helped into the car and then out of the car and then into the\nhouse. Complicating matters was the protective neck collar to stop him\nfrom going after his stitches. He slept most of that day, all through\nthe night and was still sluggish the next morning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, during the day he seemed to regain his alertness and with it,\nthe awareness that something was bothering him down below. Now that neck\ncollar is supposed to stop him from probing the sutured area, but it\nseems the vet staff hadn\u0026rsquo;t quite calculated on Riky\u0026rsquo;s flexibility for he\nwas easily able to reach where he should not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo off came the collar and we tried to reason with him. This process\namounted to all of us watching him closely for any effort to move\ntowards the stitching. When from a semi-laying position the hindleg\nlifted up and the head moved down, we knew that licking and nibbling of\nthe forbidden area was inevitable. The shouts of \u0026ldquo;No Riky!\u0026ldquo;and \u0026ldquo;Stop\nRiky!\u0026rdquo; resounded from all corners of the room. Riky initially seemed\npuzzled by these outbursts - after all, he was only trying to relieve an\narea that was causing him minor discomfort - but seemed to also enjoy\nthe attention. The problem of course was that it wasn\u0026rsquo;t possible to\nwatch him continuously, so he knew all he had to do was bide his time\nand, especially at night, he could get away with his crime.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the day, he was usually caught which soon led to his deployment\nof a fascinating strategy. He knew just when we would react and what\nfor, and so followed this sequence. He looked down at his goal. Then\nhe\u0026rsquo;d look to see if anyone was watching. If the coast seemed pretty\nclear, the head would move lower and simultaneously the hindleg would\nmove upwards producing an unobstructed path. Slowly ā€¦ slowly ā€¦ almost\nthere ā€¦ \u0026ldquo;No Riky!\u0026rdquo; ā€¦ ooops. The hindleg immediately moved to the lowered\nhead and proceeded to scratch it vigorously, while the face took on a\nlook of innocent bewilderment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;I am only scratching my head. What\u0026rsquo;s the big deal? Why is everyone\ngetting after me for that?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRiky realized that this technique paid big dividends. After all, if he\nwas caught, the head scratching exonerated him and if he wasn\u0026rsquo;t, well\nthat\u0026rsquo;s just the shortcoming of the police force. We have to admit that\nwe were unable to find a way to match his resourcefulness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite his antics, Riky\u0026rsquo;s stitches healed quickly (he is, after all, a\nstrict vegetarian dog), and that resourcefulness has stayed thoughout\nthe years. He enjoyed playing with us, but was also quite happy to play\non his own if we were busy. I recall many times, watching him chasing\nhis own tail with unbounded joy at 3am in the morning (when he had to be\nlet out to relieve himself in the middle of the night). He didn\u0026rsquo;t chase\ncars. He never tried to run away. He never went anywhere he wasn\u0026rsquo;t told\nto. He would not only stay right with us during walks, if some members\nseparated from the main group, he would run back and forth herding\neveryone together. He could get very excited, but managed to calm down\nwhenever it became necessary. His athletic abilities were quite\noutstanding and he\u0026rsquo;d leave all other dogs (except one little whippet who\nhe couldn\u0026rsquo;t quite catch) at the dogpark, gasping during play.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe was for quite a while the perfect dog.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes he was, that is until Jumpr came along ā€¦ but that is \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iabbers/blooks/picktures/006-the-pig-dog/\"\u003eanother\nstory\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "001 Ranjana in Ottawa", "date_published": "2022-01-10T20:25:41-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T20:25:41-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/001-ranjana-in-ottawa/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/picktures/001-ranjana-in-ottawa/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWhat you must realize is that Ranjana really was not (and is not) what\nshe appears to be! I did not find this out for quite a while even though\nI had been tormented by her continuously since she was four!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the nation\u0026rsquo;s capital, she and her cohorts unleashed a campaign of\nterror unrivalled even in fiction! Did they to it for ideology? No. For\nprofit. No.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey did it just for fun!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTheir first victim was none other than Robert Stanfield leader of the\nProgressive Conservatives and aspirant to the highest office in the\ncountry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne fine morning the unsuspecting Robert was engaged in his peaceful\nstroll down the street when he was spotted by Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s gang. Always\nneeding to maintain the reputation for outrageosity at Elmwood Private\nSchool for Girls (deceptive title is it not?), they descended en masse\nupon the hapless individual, all three of them! They wanted to tell the\nother seniors at school that they had bumped into Robert Stanfield, so\nthey went and bumped into Robert Stanfield (I have no reports as to\nwhether he was left standing).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo doubt you are aware, the poor man was never quite the same\nafterwards. He had to give up the leadership of his party. He had to\nretire from politics altogether. I think he eventually died.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWho next other than the elegant Pierre Trudeau in his prime, married to\nMargaret and with children! It was too much for Ranjana and her gang to\nresist. They felt the urge to do something extraordinary. So they tried\nto invade the home of Pierre and Margaret under the guise of babysitting\nthe children. Can you imagine what might have transpired had the\nsecurity men guarding the home not stopped them just before these two\ninnocent-acting high-school students had almost convinced the butler and\nmaid that they were here to look after Maggie\u0026rsquo;s children?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat followed is well documented. Maggie lost her mind and took off with\nthe Rolling Stones. Pierre bravely struggled on for a few more years\nonly to be ousted by none other than Joe \u0026lsquo;who?\u0026rsquo; Clark before\nrelinquishing the party leadership (sound familiar)? Then eventually he\ndied too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally (at least I think he was the last, but who am I to know?),\nRanjana\u0026rsquo;s gang went after John Turner! This was so sordid an attempt, so\nvicious an attack that Ranjana almost did it alone - even her grade 12\ncolleague felt forced to stand on the sidelines as you will see. Both\nentered the crowded shopping mall. Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s partner in crime could not\nhandle the scene though - everyone has a line they do not cross, not for\nideology, not for profit, not even for fun. She stood apart watching\nRanjana dressed in pajamas, a raincoat and oversized sunglasses\npirouette around and around in circles, getting closer and closer to\nJohn. Then Ranjana was behind him! He turned around! His eyes fell upon\nthe medusan menace that was confronting him!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs you may well know, it proved to be too much for John. He desperately\ntried to cling to his sanity going for his party\u0026rsquo;s leadership. He barely\nsucceeded and only because the delegates were kind to a traumatized man.\nHowever, his confidence was shot. He could not hold his composure\nagainst the notorious Mulroney. He faltered in the debates, he appeared\nlike a madman on camera, he was scandalized for patting the bottoms of\nmembers of his party (even his supportive wife told reporters \u0026ldquo;He\nshouldn\u0026rsquo;t do that. Let me know if he does!\u0026rdquo;). Lost and bewildered, I\nfear he too will eventually die [editor: this prediction did come true].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo now you are among the few who this has been revealed to. Not\neveryone\u0026rsquo;s mettle is durable enough to know certain things.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "002 Is There a Camera on the Bus?", "date_published": "2022-01-10T19:51:34-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T19:51:34-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/by-george/002-is-there-a-camera-on-the-bus/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/by-george/002-is-there-a-camera-on-the-bus/", "authors": [ { "name": "Big George" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eToday I was driving and it was very slippery and busy. I guess with this\ntime of year being around the Christmas time it seems to bring out some\nunique things in people.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA lady came up beside me while I was driving and asked me if there was a\ncamera on the bus? because I am focused on the road her comment didn\u0026rsquo;t\nregister right away in my mind\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I guess she understood this by my lack of response so she then\nstarted to explain why she was asking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApparently while the bus was full and I was unable to see the back of\nthe bus. An over weight gentleman pushed this lady in the chest and\nasked her to get off the bus so he could punch her in the face.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis lady explained to me that she had some kind of breast surgery. She\nwas even wanting to show me proof (and no not showing me her breasts but\na doctors note) I explained to her no need to.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf course she was a bit concerned so she wanted to know if there was\nsome video proof she could take to the police.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI explained to her that on this particular bus there wasn\u0026rsquo;t but I called\ncontrol and they basically said that the police won\u0026rsquo;t take 3rd party\nreports.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI explained this to her and just encouraged her to call the police\nanyways so they have this on file.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe thought it was a good idea and she got off the bus.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "001 Assault With a Banana?", "date_published": "2022-01-10T19:39:15-08:00", "date_modified": "2022-01-10T19:39:15-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/by-george/001-assault-with-a-banana/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iabbers/blooks/by-george/001-assault-with-a-banana/", "authors": [ { "name": "Big George" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA lady gets on the bus. She is well dressed and sits in the back of the\nbus. While she sits down the driver notices the lady unpeeling a banana.\nAfter eating the banana the driver notices the lady walking to the front\nof the bus she turn to the lady in the front seat and hits this lady\nright in the face with this banana peel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe then casually walks back to her seat and sits down. The driver and\nthis lady are simply stunned the lady\u0026rsquo;s face is spattered with banana\njuice and the driver is wondering what to do next?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe calls control and tells them of the situation. He explains that the\nlady has been assaulted with a banana and they reply do you have the\nweapon. He says\u0026quot;yes on the dash board\u0026quot;. Control asks \u0026ldquo;does she require\nany medical assistance\u0026rdquo;. The driver then asks the lady who was assaulted\nand she replies \u0026ldquo;no but would like the police\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith the reality of the response time of the police the bus driver\nwaited for a bit but as you probably can understand people in the bus\nand outside drivers where becoming a bit impatient.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe driver asked the lady if she would like to continue to wait and she\nsaid \u0026ldquo;no\u0026rdquo; but they figured the police would catch up with them\neventually and deal with this assault.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell the lady who caused the assault eventually left the bus and the\npolice had not arrived on the scene by then so she walked away scott\nfree.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoy what a interesting world we live in.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Cost of That Bag of Potato Chips", "date_published": "2021-12-22T20:31:24-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-22T20:31:24-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/cost-of-that-bag-of-potato-chips/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/cost-of-that-bag-of-potato-chips/", "authors": [ { "name": "Big George" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAs I walk through the aisles of the grocery store I am amazed at the\ncollection of cardboard, plastic, metal, and glass sitting on the\nshelves. One must ask oneself where does this all come from and where\ndoes it go?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne particular aisle that is unique is the Potato Chip aisle. I guess it\nis unique in the sense of how a whole aisle is dedicated to this\nparticular product. I call it a product because we really can\u0026rsquo;t call it\nfood now can we?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost potato chips range in the price of $.99 cents to about $2.99 for\nthe more exotic and healthier chips.. Like there is such a thing as a\nhealthy potato chip! Once oil is heated (even olive oil), it becomes a\npotent substance that can only do the body harm. So don\u0026rsquo;t be fooled into\nbelieving a lot of the so called health companies claiming their chips\nare so healthy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen I look at a bag of potato chips I see the price at $1.99 and think\nthat is pretty inexpensive or is it?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we think for a moment, we have become so conditioned into believing\nthat certain foods are natural because the packaging says so, but when\nis the last time that you saw lettuce in your garden with plastic\nwrapping all over it?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo then, what really is the cost of the potato chips? Although I have\nnever worked in a processing plant of potato chips, I have to use common\nsense here. I think we can all agree the potatoes must be harvested.\nThis would require water and most likely chemicals to allow the potatoes\nto grow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey then either harvest the potatoes by paying people to pick the\npotatoes or use a vehicle that requires fuel and a driver to operate the\nvehicle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce the potatoes are harvested they are then placed in a vehicle which\nneeds fuel and a driver to transport the goods to the plant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the plant where the potatoes are made into potato chips they use\nlights, water to wash, electricity to run the machines, people,\nchemicals and plastic to put the chips into.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chips are then placed into cardboard boxes and placed into a vehicle\nwhich requires more fuel and a driver to transport the product to a\nlocal depot or store. Of course, if it is not local, then the product is\nshipped by air/vehicle which requires more fuel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce it arrives in the store the driver unloads the product in the\nwarehouse of the store. Then the stock person takes the cardboard apart\nand places the product on the shelves with sign SPECIAL ONLY $1.99!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIs it only $1.99?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis was a quick illustration of what had to take place in order for\nthis product which has no benefit in the human or any living animals\ndiet. The amount that was spent on wages, fuel etc. would be very high\nfor these products. However the manufacturers know a couple of things.\nFirst of all, although $1.99 sounds inexpensive the cost of potatoes is\ninexpensive as well: you could probably buy 5-10 times the amount of\npotatoes had you bought them in their natural state. Secondly, they know\nhow addictive the product is and what better kind of customer to have\nthan one who becomes addicted to your product. It provides the\nmanufacturer a steady customer who becomes dependent on it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe biggest costs are the environmental ones: the fuels, chemicals,\nvehicles etc. used have a bigger impact than anything. What\u0026rsquo;s inside the\nplastic wrapping will be used in a few minutes by the consumer, yet the\nplastic will remain for many, many years in our land files and pollute\nour beautiful planet. The cost of the Potato Chips is far greater than\n$1.99.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe next time you see an item that your wanting to purchase ask yourself\nwhat is the real cost of my using this product? The biggest difference\nwe can make is in through our choices at the grocery stores. Our dollar\nis powerful - please use it wisely.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEat foods in their Raw state - you will not only benefit your pocket\nbook, but the planet as well.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "What Is a Vaccine?", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:05-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:05-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/tasha/what-is-a-vaccine/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/tasha/what-is-a-vaccine/", "authors": [ { "name": "Tasha" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eOUCH! That Vaccine Is POISON!!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese are your children. They do not belong to the state. Your child was\nnot born into this world to furnish money to the medical profession. You\nare responsible for your child\u0026rsquo;s care and training. If you betray your\nchild by giving it over to this modern moloch, you deserve your fate.\nParents owe certain responsibilities to their children. One of these is\ncertainly to guard these children against attack from all foes,\nincluding the foes of their health. It is the duty of every parent to\n\u0026ldquo;refuse and resist\u0026rdquo; vaccination for his or her children, wherever such a\nparent may live and whatever the circumstances under which vaccination\nis demanded. Fight, go to jail, resist in every possible manner the\ncow-pus bullies and their putrescent points.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVaccine means pus - it is the fluid product of suppuration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo vaccinate a person is to produce disease in that person. It is an\neffort to prevent disease by producing disease.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA message from Robert S. Mendelsohn, M.D.:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe greatest threat of childhood disease lies in the dangerous and\nineffectual efforts made to prevent them through mass immunization.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe picture of vaccination is a black one, but it is by no means the\nwhole picture. It is almost impossible to exaggerate the evils of this\nfilthy, superstitious practice, and any physician or vaccine\npropagandist who asserts vaccination is harmless, is either an ignoramus\nor a liar.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Word vaccine comes from vacca, which is Latin for \u0026ldquo;cow\u0026rdquo;, because the\nfirst vaccination in 1796 was smallpox made from cowpox sores.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA vaccine is a preparation containing a weakened or \u0026ldquo;killed\u0026rdquo; solution of\na specific bacterium, virus, or germ believed to produce a disease.\nAfter it is injected into the body, the humoral immune system wages a\nprotective response, developing antibodies to the disease-organism\u0026rsquo;s\nforeign proteins.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe theory is that the antibodies \u0026ldquo;remember\u0026rdquo; the antigen and will\nneutralize them in the future, thereby giving immunity to the illness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe problem with that, is that it is only a theory!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVaccine and serums are given on the theory that they \u0026ldquo;act\u0026rdquo; in the same\nway as one \u0026ldquo;attack\u0026rdquo; of an \u0026ldquo;infectious\u0026rdquo; disease in immunizing the patient\nagainst a second \u0026ldquo;attack.\u0026rdquo; Dr. Herbert Shelton has proved in his\nRegeneration Of Life that this theory, that one \u0026ldquo;attack\u0026rdquo; immunizes\nagainst a second \u0026ldquo;attack,\u0026rdquo; to be illogical, unscientific and contrary to\nthe facts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet me explainā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eActual statistics and records from around the world show that infectious\ndiseases, for example, smallpox, diphtheria, whooping cough, and scarlet\nfever, began to disappear long before vaccines were ever on the scene.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to the World Health Statistics Annual, 1973-1976, Vol. 2,\nthere has been a steady decline of infectious diseases in most\ndeveloping countries. It appears to be that proper sanitation, and\nproper diet, and good water supplies play a major role in the decline of\n\u0026ldquo;infectious\u0026rdquo; diseases.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are just so many cases of vaccinated children having an outbreak\nof the same disease they were vaccinated for. Not only that but having a\n\u0026ldquo;weird strain\u0026rdquo; of the disease.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI will get more in detail with this as this page develops.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow many times have you heard that the school system will not let your\nchild into school because your child has not been vaccinated? Forget the\nschool system! Home School!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Please look into what your state or province law says about vaccines)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t you ever wonder why this is? Why is everyone so worried about the\nunvaccinated if all the other school kids have been vaccinated and the\nvaccines are effective?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBecause, the truth is that vaccines are not effective, and to push and\nthreaten people into vaccinating their kids is a billion dollar\nbusiness!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith all of the side effects that happen such as brain damage and death,\nit makes me wonder what are the long term effects that we do not know of\nyet, such as genetic changes to our bodies. There is a growing suspicion\nthat immunization against relatively harmless childhood diseases may be\nresponsible for the dramatic increase in autoimmune disease since mass\ninoculations were introduced. These are fearful diseases such as cancer,\nleukemia, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, Loe Gehrig\u0026rsquo;s\ndisease, lupus erythematosus, and the Guillian-Barre syndrome. An\nautoimmune disease can be explained simply as one in which the body\u0026rsquo;s\ndefense mechanisms cannot distinguish between foreign invaders and\nordinary body tissues, with the consequence that the body begins to\ndestroy itself. Have we traded mumps and measles for cancer and\nleukemia?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe bottom line is that the doctors and nurses are injecting our\nnewborn\u0026rsquo;s and our children with all of this toxic material at birth and\nthroughout childhood. They give the same amount of vaccine to a newborn\nthat they give to a fully grown adult. We don\u0026rsquo;t do that with any other\ndrug!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf course if you do inject your infant or child with these disease\ncausing viruses, and germs into their little bodies they will fight it\noff with an immune response. That is what the body is supposed to do,\nand it works very well when left alone, and not messed with, with\nmedical voodoo! But babies\u0026rsquo; immune systems are so fragile and not yet\nfully developed at birth, their little systems may not be able to handle\nall of the toxic material injected directly into their bloodstreams.\nThis is not the natural virus itself, it is man-made and called a\nvaccine.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI strongly feel that instead of creating and pushing vaccines we should\nbe thinking about Natural Hygiene, which includes proper diets, (the Raw\nFood diet) exercise and rest, which in turn builds up the immune system\nnaturally.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you follow the basic laws of nature your body will not be diseased!\nYour body will never have a reason to eliminate poisonous toxins through\ndetoxification. Your body is a powerful machine that knows how to fully\ntake care of itself! When you become ill, it is not because you caught\nsomething, it is because your body is eliminating toxins. So, when you\ntry and treat it with aspirin, drugs, vaccines or whatever, you are\ndoing more damage to your body. When you poison your body with these\ntoxic drugs, your body has to stop healing, and try and fight off what\nyou just put into your body! Remember, in nature there is no such thing\nas immunity. Just as wrong acts of mechanics will cause an airplane to\nmalfunction, even crash, so, too, your wrong acts will cause your body\nto malfunction and \u0026ldquo;crash\u0026rdquo; with some debilitating illness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe should also encourage moms to breastfeed their newborn babies for a\ngood year or longer, which builds their immune system naturally through\ntheir mother.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA human mother\u0026rsquo;s milk, for human baby, is superior than any\nconcoction!!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA message from T.C. Fry:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo not get caught up in these commercial voodoo games. They are deadly\nas well as costly. Healthful living always produces health. Vaccines\nand drugs are always disease-producing and deadly. When your child\nbecomes ill, a little fasting and a nontoxic diet of raw fruits,\nvegetables, nuts and seeds will restore high-level health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is no need for your child to suffer or die at the hands of a\nvoodoo commercial monster with a voracious appetite for your dollars.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTODO ā€¦\u003cbr\u003e\nlinks of relevance\u003cbr\u003e\nlibrary references\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "What Is Compassion", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:05-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:05-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/michael-labhard/what-is-compassion/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/michael-labhard/what-is-compassion/", "authors": [ { "name": "Michael Labhard" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWe examine the meaning of Compassion and find that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe need for a complete understanding of compassion arises out of the\nfollowing facts. People are mostly very indifferent to the plight of\nanimals. But some are not. What is the difference between these two\nclasses of people. It is that the indifferent people lack compassion for\nanimals and the others have compassion for animals. Animal exploitation\nwill persist until the balance shifts and compassion comes to\npredominate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is surprising that animal activists believe that those who are\nindifferent can be coerced to be compassionate. Coercive tactics,\nincluding legislative lobbying, advertising, demonstrating and even\nillegal rescues, are common. Yet the most effective method of all is\nlittle mentioned and given little consideration. That most effective of\ntactics is the change in the person herself. Activists do not seem to\nrealize that the contrast that they demonstrate by their lives compared\nwith the lives of the indifferent ones, that this living contrast is the\ngreatest of all stimulants to change in others. The greatest activism is\nthe act of living the truth and being compassion personified. Coercive\nand violent actions do not enhance the powerful statement already made\nby the living evidence of compassion manifested.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn order solve the problem of animal vivisection, abuse and exploitation\nwe cannot rely on legislative action. All legislation can do is specify\nrestrictions on specific behavior. But if there is a will to be\nindifferent the indifference will be manifest anyway, whether illegally\nor by way of expressions not dealt with by legislation. We cannot rely\non advertising and manipulative persuasion. Advertising and persuasion\nagain address specific conditions and situations without changing the\nfundamental conditions that make indifference possible. We must truly\nunderstand the nature and meaning of compassion itself in order to\nunderstand the most effective means of enlarging the class of people who\nhave compassion for animals, and compassion in general. It is\ndisingenuous to believe we pursue a more compassionate society while we\nare at the same time unconcerned with what compassion is, how it has\ncome to be so little appreciated and what conditions are necessary for\nits wider distribution. If we are compassionate but we do not know how\nwe got to be compassionate, what hope have we of facilitating the change\nin others?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere we begin a systematic investigation of the meaning of Compassion.\nThere is only one prerequisite for this journey. It is contained in the\nanswer to the question, \u0026ldquo;Does anything matter, or is it all just so much\nsenseless, meaningless chaos?\u0026rdquo; If your answer is anything other than a\nresounding, \u0026ldquo;Yes, something does matter,\u0026rdquo; then this conversation is not\nfor you and don\u0026rsquo;t know how I can help you. In that case I can only wish\nyou a speedy recovery from your illness. Otherwise, if something does\nmatter to you then come with me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow that we have the preliminaries out of the way, let\u0026rsquo;s get started. We\nproceed slowly and start close to home. A dictionary definition of\nCompassion is as good a place to start as any. Compassion is defined as,\n\u0026ldquo;The deep awareness of and sympathy for the suffering of others..\u0026rdquo; This\nis the common, prevalent understanding of Compassion. It gives us 3\nimportant concepts to work with: awareness, sympathy and suffering.\nLet\u0026rsquo;s see how well this definition holds up in real-life situations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsider the life and work of Mother Theresa. We will choose this life\nbecause there is general agreement that she lived a compassionate life\nso it is a good example against which to judge the usefulness of our\ndefinition. According to our definition to know whether Mother Theresa\nwas, in fact, compassionate one must be able to determine if she was 1)\naware of anothers suffering and 2) sympathetic toward that suffering.\nThis reveals a problem, doesn\u0026rsquo;t it. After all, no one can actually know\nwhat another person is thinking or feeling. So we cannot independently\ndetermine whether she was actually aware and sympathetic, no matter how\nreasonable it would seem to be to believe that she was. One cannot know\nthis, it can only be a an article of faith that one believes it to be\ntrue. Now look at the other side of the issue. What if there were some\nadvanced technology that allowed one person to see into another\u0026rsquo;s\nthoughts and this technology were applied to Mother Theresa. What if\nthis machine told us without question that she was never aware or\nsympathetic to the suffering. Suppose (quite ridiculously, but just for\nthe sake of argument) that the machine told us that her whole life and\nwork were based upon a slavish desire to obey her Catholic Pope and he\ntold her she must do these things. Further, the machine told us that she\nactually despised what she was doing and who she was helping. If you\nknew this is what she was thinking would you respect her Compassion\nless. Would she turn in your mind from being a compassionate person to\nbeing an uncompassionate one?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, put yourself in the place of someone who was the recipient of\nher Compassion. Would it matter to you whether or not she was actually\naware of and sympathetic toward your suffering, so long as her actions\nhad the effect of being compassionate toward you and relieving your\nsuffering. I suspect that even if some machine could prove that she did\nnot have this awareness and sympathy you would want to believe that she\ndid because her actions were compassionate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe need as many Mother Theresas as we can get. It is immaterial what\ntheir mental state or motivations are, it is their actions and the\nconsequences of those actions that are important. For the purposes of\nevolving a compassionate society it makes no difference whether people\nvolunteer to be compassionate or whether they must be paid to be\ncompassionate. To measure the worth of someone\u0026rsquo;s Compassion based upon\nour opinion of their mental state is a harmful distraction from the work\nof increasing the overall prevalence of compassionate action.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, clearly, our dictionary definition is not as useful as we had hoped.\nNext time we will look at the torturer\u0026rsquo;s view to approach the question\nfrom the other direction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeing at the most uncompassionate extreme, the torturer gives us\nimportant clues as to the nature of compassion and the validity of our\ndefinition. We are working from the definition, \u0026ldquo;Compassion is the deep\nawareness of and sympathy for the suffering of others.. Certainly a\ntorturer is aware of the suffering of others. Such awareness is\nnecessary to doing his job. Could a torturer have sympathy for the one\nhe tortures. Possibly. There is a great deal of historical evidence to\nshow that people can be forced to torture others, people who would\notherwise not participate in torture. Suppose there is a situation in\nwhich an otherwise normal, nonviolent person is being terrorized and\nbeaten. Then his tormentor says they will stop beating him if he will\nbeat someone else, say a stranger. Under these conditions people have\nbeen induced to become reluctant torturers. In this case the need for\nself preservation could be powerful enough to overcome any sympathy he\nmay have. The sympathy may persist but the choice is made to protect\noneself in spite of it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen, of course, there may be people who are aware and sympathetic but\ndo nothing. Do you think. This kind of sympathetically aware inaction is\nobviously of little value and cannot be a useful example of Compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur dictionary definition of Compassion appears to leave a great deal\nwanting. Consideration of an ideal compassionate life has led us to the\nconclusion that awareness and sympathy are not necessary for Compassion.\nConsideration of the extreme uncompassionate life has lead us to\nconclude that awareness and sympathy are not sufficient for Compassion.\nThis implies that awareness and sympathy are not essential ingredients\nin Compassion at all and can be disregarded.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is worth noting at this point, that awareness and sympathy are\nhidden, internal states of the psyche with no direct means of\nindependent verification. Whatever they are they are unique to the\nindividual in which they reside. Of the three concepts our definition\ngave us these are the two that have these characteristics and it is\nthese two that do not hold up under scrutiny and prove to be irrelevant\nto understanding Compassion. The third concept, however, the suffering,\nis an external condition verifiable by all. We will elaborate on this\npoint in detail shortly, but for now it should be observed that it is\nthe only concept from the definition that we have not had reason to\nquestion and which remains potentially valuable. This relationship\nbetween the hidden, individualistic versus shown, observable quality on\nthe one hand and the usefulness of the quality on the other hand will be\none we will see repeatedly and it is an important relationship in the\nunderstanding of Compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, at this point, we are led to abandon our dictionary definition of\nCompassion. But it has given us a foundation from which we can build a\nbetter understanding based upon what we have learned here. Suffering\nremains central to understanding Compassion. Before we can again attack\nthe question of, \u0026ldquo;What is Compassion?\u0026rdquo; directly we need to discuss\nseveral other helpful concepts. This will occupy the next several\nsections.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter all this dry analysis it is worth reminding ourselves why we are\ndoing this. The question is, \u0026ldquo;Is a compassionate society possible and,\nif so, what does it look like?. Our analysis so far has helped us to see\nthat awareness and sympathy are not useful in answering these questions\nand that the concept of suffering may be. Awareness and sympathy are not\nuseful concepts precisely because they are part of a hidden, secret\nmental state. But there are many other such concepts all of which have\nthe same weakness of being part of our hidden, secret lives, veiled to\nall but the individual himself. We cannot redefine Compassion in terms\nof any of them without running into the same problems. So Compassion\ncannot be, \u0026ldquo;a desire to relieve suffering,\u0026rdquo; or, \u0026ldquo;an intention to relieve\nsuffering,\u0026rdquo; or, \u0026ldquo;the will to relieve suffering,\u0026rdquo; or, \u0026ldquo;commiseration..\nAll of these types of definitions postulate some internal, mental state\nthe existence of which cannot be know be any other. A society is\nnecessarily about a sphere of influence shared by a group of people. In\nso far as our secret, thoughts and mental lives are hidden from others\nthey cannot directly contribute to the society.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntuitively, a compassionate society can be seen to be a society in\nwhich the individuals have a prevailing tendency to choose acts of\nCompassion over acts of any other kind. This seems clear and reasonable\nenough. Operationally speaking, I would be entirely content to accept a\nsociety that fit this criterion even if I had to also accept any\npossible cause for this level of Compassion. To my mind, to achieve this\nlevel of Compassion throughout society it makes no difference whether\nthe cause for it is that people\u0026rsquo;s, \u0026ldquo;consciousnesses are raised,\u0026rdquo; or that\nthey are paid to act this way, or that they are brain-washed or that our\nvery biology is altered by gene manipulation - by any means necessary.\nHaving a clear idea about where we are going, to get there, to know\nwhether a compassionate society is possible, we must understand what\nCompassion is.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe are left with the concept of suffering to understand Compassion. Is\nthat enough. What if we try the following definition. \u0026ldquo;Compassion is the\nact of relieving suffering.. This definition uses only the concepts of\nact or action and suffering. I like this because I can know when someone\nelse is acting and I can know when suffering is relieved as a\nconsequence. Further it is possible to judge a society as compassionate\nby observation of the actions and the results of all the individuals\nthere of. Let\u0026rsquo;s explore this idea further. There are several profound\nconclusions to be drawn from this idea.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst, viewing Compassion in this way implies that a person can be\nneither compassionate nor uncompassionate, only an act can be\ncompassionate if it is an act of Compassion. Any attempt to identify a\nperson as compassionate or not must refer back to the acts of that\nperson some of which may be compassionate and others not, and any\nattempt to place relative value on the history of those acts must\nnecessarily be arbitrary and biased. Further, pursuing such arbitrary\nvalue systems does not contribute to the identification of a\ncompassionate society since it is a society in which there is a\n\u0026ldquo;prevailing trend to choose acts of Compassion\u0026rdquo;, not one in which\n\u0026ldquo;people are compassionate\u0026rdquo;. This realization also has certain spiritual\novertones in that we become the moment-to-moment implement for something\nbeyond our individual selves that is Compassion, acting through us. We\ndo not own Compassion; Compassion uses us to act.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBefore discussing the other implications of Compassion as the act of\nrelieving suffering, we must now make a detailed examination of the\nconcept of suffering, next time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn its most elemental sense, suffering is what a living organism\nexperiences when deprived of the conditions most optimal for its health\nand survival. So, for instance, when we are deprived of water we suffer\nthirst. When we are deprived of food we suffer hunger. When we are\ndeprived of rest we suffer exhaustion. This is absolutely all that\nsuffering is.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLiving things rely upon homeostatic mechanisms to maintain an\nequilibrium in which conditions are sufficiently stable for their\nmetabolic needs. Temperatures must not exceed a certain range or the\norganism will freeze or die of the heat. Oxygen must be available in\nsufficient quantities. Nutrients and food must be available when needed.\nSuffering is an alerting mechanism, a biological signal, that notifies\nthe organism that the current conditions are not providing for it\u0026rsquo;s\nneeds, and those current conditions are threatening its survival.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a result of that signal that suffering provides the organism can take\naction to correct the situation. When it suffers from thirst it drinks\nand the signal is extinguished. When it suffers from hunger then it eats\nand the suffering stops.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf there were no suffering then the organism would receive no signal\nwhen it was becoming dehydrated. So it would not know to drink and the\ndehydration would increase until it died from lack of water. If you did\nnot suffer from hunger when your body needed to eat you would starve.\nWithout suffering death would be unavoidable. There must be both\nsuffering \u003cu\u003eand\u003c/u\u003e the relief from suffering for things to live. It is\nour very suffering and its relief that gives us continuing life. If we\nhad only suffering without any relief from suffering, life could not be\nfor even a day. So long as there is change life must adjust to that\nchange, and suffering provides life the opportunity to adjust as it\nmust.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eObviously, it can be seen from this that suffering is both inevitable\nand very necessary. In fact, the very existence of life itself depends\nupon the experience of suffering, at least from time to time and to one\ndegree or another, in every living thing. One of the most profound and\ninteresting observations to be drawn from this understanding of\nsuffering is that Compassion, as the act of relieving suffering, is also\nthe act of giving or preserving life. Compassion is the act of making\nthe types of adjustments to the changes we experience that enables life\nto go on. Compassion is, most fundamentally, the tendency towards life\nand away from death. Without Compassion death would always be the\nresult. Only Compassion stands between us and death.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo you see the vistas this perspective opens up. Armed with our\nunderstanding of Compassion and its component suffering as we have them,\nthe implications are very far reaching and have tremendous\nramifications. If a compassionate society is possible we are beginning\nto see what it must look like.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the next chapter we will explore more deeply into the many\ndiscoveries this view of Compassion affords us.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have said that Compassion is the act of relieving suffering. Is\nCompassion real or is it just some fantasy, part of our beliefs. Is\nthere any existence and substance to Compassion or is it just another\nfigment of our imaginations. Let me frame the question in this way to\nmake it perfectly clear. If man were not here would there be Compassion.\nDuring the time of the dinosaurs, before man\u0026rsquo;s arrival on this Earth,\nwas there Compassion in the world - anywhere, in any form?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe common usage of the word compassion refers to our internal, personal\nfeelings about someone or a situation to which we are sympathetic.\nHowever, this is a very narrow view that misses the rest of the world.\nIf Compassion is no more than an idea in our head without substance,\nlike fairies and leprechauns, what hope could we possibly have of ever\nseeing a compassionate society. That would be equivalent to dreaming\nabout a society integrated with fairies and leprechauns. There is a\nstrong, intuitive sense that there is real Compassion, beyond the\nimaginings of our minds, that is part of our real, substantial world.\nLet\u0026rsquo;s see if we can identify this real Compassion, that Compassion that\nexists outside of ourselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMan functions within two distinct spheres of experience, one hidden\nwithin himself and the other outside and independent of any one person.\nTo get a sense of these two speheres, consider the following questions:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first sphere of experience is one of shared experiences. I know your\nexperience of eating by my eating - we both eat and thus have the\nexperience of eating. I know your experience of breathing by my\nbreathing. We are born, we eat, sleep, breath and die. We all share the\nessential qualities of these experiences. These shared experiences are\nentwined with our bodies and there connections with the outside world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen there is the second sphere of experience, which is constituted by\nour hopes, dreams, desires, worries, ambitions, expectations, and all\nthoughts and the other individualistic and hidden experiences of our\nsecret mental lives. These experiences have no direct manifestations in\nthe outside world. We may only see their effects indirectly in our\nactions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClearly the shared sphere of experience is where everything of\nimportance happens. If we trivialize the experiences of living - eating,\nsleeping, breathing - it is because we take them for granted, not\nbecause they are trivial. Would you trade the experience of writing a\nnovel like Ernest Hemingway for the experience of breathing. First we\nmust breath. Then, once we have that going consistently, we can consider\ndoing other things like writing a novel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur shared experiences are connected with our identity as a living being\nand as a species. A species represents a particular solution to a set of\nenvironmental problems. Fish developed gills to solve the problem of\nextracting oxygen from water for increasing metabolic needs. All fish\nwith gills share the experience of breathing with gills. Our species\ndeveloped nose, throat and lungs to solve the problem of extracting\noxygen from air. We all share the experience of breathing. The qualities\nand experiences we share could be likened to a signal or communication\nwith the outside world. On the other hand, all of those individualistic\nexperiences hidden within our heads can be likened to background noise.\nIt is similar to listening to the radio on a station that has poor\nreception. Even though there is background noise in the form of static\nwe still hear the primary signal which is the music being broadcast.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThinking, too, is a shared experience. But not the specific thoughts. I\nknow that you have thoughts because I have thoughts, just not the same\nones. Thinking itself is part of the signal or communication with the\noutside world. But which thoughts we have in particular at any time is\nindividualistic, unshared background noise. In particular which\nthoughts, feelings, desires, ambitions, etc. we experience is just so\nmuch background noise. This point can be very difficult for us to grasp\nfully. We are so entangled with the need to believe our particular\nthoughts have importance that it is very difficult for us to see that it\nis really just the experience of thinking itself that has importance and\nthat our special, individual thoughts are just distracting noise. But\ncoming to grips with this reality is essential to understand Compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou see, the question is, \u0026ldquo;In which sphere of experience does Compassion\nreside?. Is Compassion part of our hidden, individualistic experiences,\ndifferent in each person and unsharable. Or is Compassion an essential\npart of the signal that we are as a species, part of the connections\nthat tie us to the rest of the real world. Does Compassion have a real\nmanifestation. Find your own intuitive answer to this question, and next\ntime we will explore it in greater depth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is the truth about Compassion. We have argued that Compassion is an\naction that relieves suffering. So the truth about Compassion is the\ntruth about suffering and its relief. So then what is suffering?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe truth about Compassion and the truth about suffering have to do with\nthe realities of suffering and its relief. But suffering and its relief\nonly have meaning with respect to a particular being that is the\nsufferer and who is relieved of that suffering. It is meaningless to\ntalk about suffering in the absence of any sufferer. To suffer there\nmust be one to suffer. The truth about suffering cannot be separated\nfrom the truth about the sufferer. To know one we must know the other.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuppose a space ship lands on a very distant planet and encounters a\nlife form completely unfamiliar to any form of life any of the\nastronauts have ever seen. Suppose it is so unfamiliar that no one has\nany idea how it acts, or lives. In this situation Compassion is not\npossible. The astronauts might pick it up, pour water on it or cover it\nwith dirt. But they cannot know whether in doing these things they have\ncaused suffering, relieved suffering or neither. To know this one must\nhave an understanding grown out of personal experience with suffering\nand the ability to recognize a similar experience in another. And to be\ncorrect in one\u0026rsquo;s judgement about the suffering of another one must see\nthe truth of that other and the nature of its existence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTruth, the real, existence, reality - these are all terms for what is.\nThis is simple enough. But to know the truth about a particular thing it\nis necessary to know all of its relationships. The existence of\nsomething is described by how it relates to everything else. This is\nespecially important when it comes to living beings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInanimate objects may be used arbitrarily. At one moment a chair may be\nsomething to sit upon and the next a work of art or a piece of kindling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut living things have an intrinsic and unalterable nature specific to\nthemselves. If we are asked what a wolf is, or what is the truth of a\nwolf, we must answer by describing the relationships the animal holds to\nits environment. A wolf is a predator that lives and hunts in packs,\nfeeding on caribou, and so on. The system of Nature both defines and is\ndefined by the relationships of its constituent beings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis brings us to consider a useful and common image called, \u0026ldquo;The Web of\nLife.. It can be useful to picture our living world as an infinitely\nlarge web. The web consists of strands or connections, which we cannot\nactually see but we may imagine them to picture the relationships\nconnecting us to others, and them to us.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo imagine an enormous web of silken threads in which at each point\nwhere one strand or thread crosses another a living being resides. For\neach being there are many strands connecting her to many other beings.\nEach strand that extends from her ends or connects her with someone or\nsomething with which she has a special relationship.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWho do you depend upon. As children most of us depended upon our parents\nfor nurturing. We may marry and come to depend upon our spouses. We may\nhave children who depend upon us, in turn. And we have many more distant\nrelationships as well. We depend upon the farmer to provide us with\nfood, and the truck driver to deliver the food to our communities, and\nso on. Even more distant relationship exist. The farmers who grow our\nfood depend upon the soil to grow the plants we eat and they depend upon\nthe weather to provide sufficient rain and sun for a good crop.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow the truth about you or me or anything is understood by seeing the\nthing in its place in this Web of Life. The truth of any one being is\ndescribed by the connections she makes to others, and the connections\nthey make to still others, and on and on, ad infinitum. This Web of Life\nis a metaphor for all of our relationships, both near and distant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe truth of a being is understood by seeing the strands to which she\nconnects in this web, her immediate relationships to others, and to\nwhich those connect, going as deeply as necessary for the understanding.\nA perfect understanding of the truth of a being in this web would\nideally require complete visualization of all her connections, an\nimpossible task. From where we sit on this web we each can see only to a\nlimited, finite depth along any chain of connections because our\nintellectual understanding is limited. An infinite intellect would be\nrequired to have a total understanding of all relationships. We can\nunderstand how someone depends upon her family and friends. But beyond\nthat, going as far as the farmer and his weather and soil, for instance,\nthose relationships are usually too distant to be completely appreciated\nby our limited abilites. Is this enough to understand how others suffer,\nhow we may act to relieve that suffering and thereby bring Compassion\ninto the world. Yes, of course it is.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is an extremely beautiful principle of this web that its health and\nmaintenance does not require us to do any more then understand those\nrelationships that we can understand. All that we need to know to\nfunction as a member of this web is provided within our grasp. We are\nguaranteed to have available to us a sufficient depth of understanding\nto know the truth of all the beings with which we share our region of\nthis web, that is, all the other beings upon whom we depend and who\ndepend upon us. This is because the connections are transitive. Although\nour personal understanding is local, there is a path along this web from\nany one place to any other. At each point, as the path crosses by each\nperson, that person contributes their Compassion to those to whom she\nrelates, and thereby Compassion spreads infinitely in all directions,\nbeginning from each person.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd we do have a function in this web. Each being of the web has her own\nneeds for survival - air, water, shelter, defense from predators,\ncompanionship, etc. The connections provide for these needs. In turn she\nprovides for some of the needs to those to whom she connects. The web\nexists precisely because each member provides for the needs of others\nand others provide for her. A being is most content when the connections\nshe requires are present and both providing her and receiving from her.\nSuffering can be seen to be a loss or disruption in these connections.\nCompassion, being the act of relieving suffering, can be seen to be the\nrestoration of the lost or disrupted connections. An act of Compassion\nis one that sees that another has broken connections and restores those\nconnections. An act of Compassion is one that sees that another has\nunmet needs, needs that arise from the true nature of that person, being\nor thing, and provides for those needs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo put it another way, we are most content, we suffer least, when our\nrelationships are whole, productive and nuturing. We have intrinsic,\ninborn needs, characteristic of our nature and species. Our needs are\nfulfilled through our relationships. Suffering occurs when those\nrelationships are broken or disrupted. Therefore, Compassion is the\nrestoration of broken relationships. An act of Compassion is an act that\nunderstands the relationships of another, sees that they are broken and\nacts to mend the broken relationships. That is the truht about suffering\nand Compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo an awareness IS required - an awareness of the connections or\nrelationships. But we said initially that awareness was not required. So\nwhat is going on here. We will explore this awareness in the next\nsection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe began by asking the question, \u0026ldquo;What is Compassion?. We discovered\nthat personal awareness was not necessary; then we said that suffering\nis closely tied to our biological needs; next that suffering can be\nviewed as disruptions in an intricate web of Nature and that Compassion\nis the restoration of those connections; and, finally, we discovered an\nawareness that is required by Compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompassion requires an awareness of the place of an individual in the\nweb, and the connections for that individual. This is unlike the\npersonal awareness we considered originally. Unlike that personal\nawareness, which was part of someone\u0026rsquo;s hidden, secret life. This\nawareness belongs in the sphere of shared experiences. It is an\nawareness of the structure of a web that we all share. I know you have\nthe connections that you have because I have the very same threads. I\nknow that you have needs and relationships that help you to meet those\nneeds, because I, too, have needs and I, too, have relationships that\nhelp me to meet my needs. We are individuals embedded in the same\ncontext in the larger system struggling to do our parts in service to\nthe Narural web.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis brings us to the answer to our original question, \u0026ldquo;What is\nCompassion?. It is exactly this awareness, awareness of our context,\nrelative to the contexts of all our neighbors, within the Natural web.\nIt is care for the health, stability and integrity of the web, restoring\nbroken connections, healing the suffering, giving attention to the\nshared experiences that ripple and pulsate like surges of energy\nthroughout this web.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the vast plains of the Serengeti in Africa the Summer season brings\nhot, dry weather that depletes the watering holes and rivers leaving a\ndrought. The animals suffer from thirst and spend much time searching\nfor water. Then the seasons change and the Monsoons come and fill up the\nstreams and holes with drenching rain, providing water in great\nabundance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow if instead of the Monsoon rains there were a group of people who\nformed a bucket brigade and hauled water to the watering holes and\nfilled them to relieve the thirst of the animals, it would be easy for\nus to recognize that action as compassionate. But the effect of the\nMonsoon rains is the same, in fact, far more effective. Because we have\nan awareness of the suffering we can infer that there is, in some sense,\nan awareness that brings the Monsoons, also. The source of that\nawareness may not be apparent to us because it lies too far back in the\nweb, nested too deeply in distant connections, for us to see the source\ndirectly. Still it is there and the Monsoons are an act of Compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom this it becomes clear that Compassion is an infinite force of\nNature whose manifestion is life itself. She who serves this force acts\nwith Compassion and there is no other means but this to act with\nCompassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNext we will look at some practical applications of this understanding.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have come quite a ways in understanding Compassion. But we have also\nbeen dealing largely in the abstract. Let\u0026rsquo;s consider several real-world\nconditions that pertain to Compassion and see how it applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsider slavery. What is the problem with slavery. Some would say that\nthe problem is a denial of human righton. But the truth is that the\nproblem with slavery is that it is a denial of a person\u0026rsquo;s connections to\nthe web, it is a denial of her natural relationships.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuppose you were to pay a slave trader a sum of money for a slave that\nhe provided and he were to give you a contract in return transfering\nownership of the slave to you. But further suppose that the contract\nalso stipulated that you could in no way command, control or interfere\nwith the normal and legal activities of your slave, nor any of her\npossessions nor family. Well, in this case there would be no problem\nwith slavery, would there. It is not the possession of another that\ncreates the problem of slavery but the control of that person and the\nconstraints being a slave puts upon her pursuit of her inherent destiny.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen a person is not a slave and she is not otherwise controlled by\nsomeone else, then she is able to provide for her connections, those who\ndepend upon her, and be provided for by her connections, those who she\ndepends upon, with the web, as defined by her community and the Natural\nworld in which that community resides. With freedom she has a rich set\nof options provided to her by a very large nexus of relationships with\nthe individuals in her community and the Natural world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSlavery causes her to be forced to substitute and be constrained by the\nsmall set of connections all of which now end at her master. Slavery is\nthe act breaking the relationships the slave had with the people she\ndepended upon and who depended upon her and substituting a total\ndependence upon the master. For the slave the master becomes the web and\nall meaningful contact with the real web is denied. We have an intuitive\nsense that this is uncompassionate because we know the suffering and\nmisery of slavery even if we have never been slaves. We know this\nbecause we share a need for our connectedness, our relationships.\nBecause I know suffering when denied access to my relationships by\nanother, I know that you must suffer the same.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose who practiced slavery could only do so by denying the truth of\nthose they enslaved. The slave traders were overtly indifferent to the\ntruth of their slaves. But the owners often devised elegant lies to mask\nthe truth they denied. Here is a quote from Thomas Jefferson to\nillustrate this point:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMisery is often the parent of the most affecting touches in poetry.\nAmong the blacks is misery enough, God knows, but no poetry. Love is\nthe peculiar oestrum of the poet. Their love is ardent, but it kindles\nthe senses only, not the imagination.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/P/tj3/writings/slavery.htm\"\u003eFrom Revolution to\nReconstruction\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompassion, being an absolutely honest and literal understanding and\nrecognition of the truth of a person, as defined by her connections to\nthe web, her natural relationships, and being a devotion to serve the\nhealth and maintenance of those connections, acting to correct them when\nthey are broken, necessarily must absolutely exclude slavery. This is\nuniversal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImprisonment is suffering for similar reasons. It is punishment and\ncauses suffering, again, because it is a denial of natural\nrelationships - a denial of the need to move, to work and to commune\nwith others of our communities. Imprisonment is designed to punish\nspecifically by breaking connections.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThirst is a broken connection to our normal sources of water. Hunger is\na loss of our relationship to our normal food sources. Lonliness is an\nobvious loss of relationships, relationships to our community. Every\nform of suffering of any real kind can be seen to be a disturbance, loss\nor denial of some normal relationships that are natural to our true\nselves - broken connections in the web.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNext time we will conclude our look at Compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI have set before you life and death, blessings or curses. Oh that you\nwould choose life, that you and your children might live. (Deuteronomy\n30:19/20)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMan is different. We are completely unique among all of life. Unlike any\nother form of life we are not constrained by the web.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor every other life form the connections that it makes to the web are\nvirtually a fixed set of relationships. A fish cannot devise a means to\nwalk and fly. A bird cannot create a mechanism to stay submerged for\nlong periods or to print a novel. Other forms of life have fixed\nconnections upon which they depend and upon which the web relies for\nstability.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, man has been freed from these restrictions. He is capable of\nrearranging his own connections in any way his imagination can conceive.\nWe have devised ways to live in the most unhospitable of environments,\nfrom the deepest oceans to outer space. We are capable of conquering any\nenvironment and removing all other life that resides there.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOther life forms are completely dependent upon Compassion for their\nsurvival. The connections are their lives and they have no other choice\nbut to rely upon Compassion to provide what they need.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMan can get what he wants. We, unlike other life forms, can materialize\nour ideas and thoughts. The power of this freedom leads us to believe\nthat Compassion is not important. We are led to believe that what we\nthink is important because what we think appears to have such grandiose\neffects. No wonder it has been common to believe that we are the only\ncreatures with thought since only our thoughts have such significant\neffects.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom this it can be clearly seen that the reason that we were created,\nour purpose in the web, is to test the hypothesis that an organism that\nis freed from its fixed constraints to the web can persist. We, alone,\ncan choose our relationships. We, alone, can actively deny Compassion,\nby denying the truth about ourselves and others, and by subverting the\nnatural relationships. It would seem that Nature wants to know whether\nan organism that can choose to deny Compassion can learn to survive\nanyway. We are the experiment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn spite of our special powers we are ultimately still dependent upon\nthe web for survival. There is no existence without connectedness. We\ncannot be in isolation. These connections are far too complex to ever be\nfully within our control. The web is vast and intricate. Compassion is\nthe ruler and law-giver that makes it stable. We have no hope of\nconquering Compassion. We cannot become the replacement for Compassion.\nThough we are offered the freedom to deny Compassion, it is a false\nfreedom. In this way we do not differ from all the rest of life. We\ncannot deny Compassion and survive. We are the experiment of Nature to\nsee if an organism that is given the ability to deny Compassion can\nlearn to choose to serve Compassion anyway.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMan must solve the Compassion Imperative or perish. The Compassion\nImperative is our fundamental, organismic, biological imperative. We\nmust learn to actively affirm Compassion and find and take our given,\nnatural place in the web. We have a place. That place is provided to us\nby the web. We cannot choose another place by force of will. The power\nof the web is much larger than our will. If we choose not to take our\nplace we will be excluded entirely. There is no other place. Our place\nwas designed especially for us by the web. It is suitable for us alone.\nJust as it is true that nothing else will fit in our place, we cannot\ntake another\u0026rsquo;s place. If we do not choose to surrender to Compassion,\nthen oblivion is our fate. There is only Compassion. To pursue anything\nelse is futile.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is much reason to hope that we can learn to choose to serve\nCompassion. Compassion is a universal convergence point. Every religion\nemphasizes Compassion as a fundamental tenent in one form or another.\nHuman righton, animal righton, minority righton, every type of rights\nmovement implicitly uses Compassion as its foundation. Wherever\nsocieties flourish and people thrive, Compassion is the source of their\nsuccess. Every person has an understanding of suffering and its relief.\nIt is not a giant leap, but only one more small step, to openly embrace\nCompassion above everything else. For clearly, nothing is more\nimportant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere ends this journey for me. We have barely scratched the topic of\nCompassion. The vastness of the topic makes a comprehensive survey\nimpossible so an ending must be chosen arbitrarily.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow it is for you to go forward. Serve Compassion with all those whom\nyou touch. If we choose wisely and assist others in choosing wisely, and\nwith luck, a compassionate society will be born. God speed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow should we think about life and the living of it. Here I offer a\nmetaphor that may be useful for that purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImagine that in one hand you are holding onto Compassion. Take your time\nto examine it. Explore it carefully and passionately. Recognize that\nthis hand holds the most important thing. Examine it until you see this.\nNow close your fist firmly around it and with the other, second, hand do\nwhat you must do to live.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs you carry on with living with all the things you do with your second\nhand, pause frequently to open your first hand and contemplate what you\nhold there. Renew your intimacy with the object that lies resting in\nyour palm. Then carefully close your grasp around that precious thing\nbefore returning your attention to the activities of your second hand.\nNo matter how busy you may become never loose your grasp on that\nCompassion in your first hand.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Compassion you hold onto will guide the actions of your other hand.\nYou will naturally act in ways that allow you to give enough attention\nto your grasp of Compassion that it will never be forgotten, never given\na minor status, never dropped from inattention.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrequently you will find that what has come to lie in your second hand\nmay not be compatible with what is in your first hand. At such moments\nopen both hands and look down at both closely. If you become convinced\nthat the thing in your second hand is not compatible with what is in\nyour first, drop the thing in your second hand. Get rid of it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you ever begin to wonder if the thing in your second hand is more\nimportant than the Compassion that lies in your first, it is not. Stop\nand look again until you see this. If you do not do this you will\ninevitably drop the Compassion in your first hand. This would leave your\nsecond hand unconstrained towards all kinds of destructive actions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf course, none of us has perfect concentration nor the perfect ability\nto forsee the outcome of all of our actions. We learn day by day new\nways our actions have effects. So it is inevitable that we will all drop\nthat Compassion from time to time.Just get down on your hands and knees\nand feel around in the dark, inch by inch, until you find it again. It\nnever rolls far away. Pick it up again, dust it off, and put it back\ninto your fist. Forget about the incident; it is past. Each day is a new\nopportunity to hold Compassion again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHolding onto Compassion is the source of Right Action.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA friend tells me he thinks you cannot get Compassion from a stone. I\ndisagree. Most would agree feeding the starving is an act of Compassion.\nSo when a government sends a shipment of food to a nation struggling\nwith starvation I accept that as an act of Compassion. It may be true\nthat the guy who actually unloads the food from the plane may not be\nthinking about the suffering of the people. It may be the only job he\ncould find and he just wants to get it done and get home to Momma. That\nmay be true for the entire crew on board the plane. In fact, I might go\nto each person involved in the decision to send humanitarian aid and\neach and every one of them may give me a reason for their contribution\nto the food delivery other than an empathy with the suffering of the\nstarving people. Maybe the Minister of Foreign Affairs is acting on\norders from the Prime Minister, and all the other bureaucrats have their\nown, personal self-interest in mind. To my mind the point is that the\nfood is delivered and the hungry are fed and that means it is\nCompassion. I do not need any further certification of the act with\nrespect to the feelings of anyone involved to know it as Compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSimilarly when a farmer plants his crop and harvests it and feeds his\nfamily with it, that is an act of Compassion. The hungry are fed.\nSuffering is relieved. Compassion. I\u0026rsquo;m not interested in what the farmer\nis feeling about what he is doing. I leave him to feel as he pleases so\nlong as he feeds his family. No matter what feelings he may have about\nthe act I see the act as Compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut that farmer would not have his crop if he had not had the fertile\nsoil. So the soil must be there for the farmer to have his crop and for\nhim to feed his family. Therefore I must see the soil as an essential\nelement in that act of Compassion - no soil, no Compassion. And that\nsoil contains stones that contribute to the fertile quality of that\nsoil. Hence I am inevitably lead to conclude that stones may act with\nCompassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we did not have stones where would we stand. Where would we bury our\ndead. On what would we build our homes. All of life grows out of the\nlifeless. When a chain of events, a sequence of actions, leads to a\nfinal action that relieves suffering then each event in the chain has\ncreated that Compassion. I give each event its due. If any were missing\nthe chain would be broken and the final act of Compassion would not be.\nLife itself originated from the lifeless. In the beginning it was the\ninanimate that gave rise to the animate. I will recognize every element\nfor its contribution.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we enlarge the meaning of the word Compassion in this way we gain a\nmuch deeper, fuller and more complete understanding of our place in the\nNatural Order.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany Eastern religions and philosophy say that the self is an illusion,\nthat there is no real self. I have always found this nonintuitive, after\nall I do seem to be here. But I have found some thought experiments that\nhelped me to internalize an understanding of the illusion of self.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuppose we are sitting together talking and I produce a living rabbit. I\nsay, \u0026ldquo;Here is a rabbit.\u0026rdquo; Then I cut the rabbit exactly in half, right\ndown the middle. Don\u0026rsquo;t worry. This is a thought experiment so no rabbit\nis ever actually harmed. Now we look at both halves of the rabbit and I\nask you, \u0026ldquo;Now where is the rabbit?. Further suppose you decide to answer\nme, \u0026ldquo;There is no rabbit, only 2 half rabbits.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNext I produce another rabbit and this time I cut off exactly one-fourth\nof the rabbit leaving a three-fourths part with it. We look at both\npieces and I ask, \u0026ldquo;Now where\u0026rsquo;s the rabbit?. Again you answer me, \u0026ldquo;There\nis no rabbit, just one fourth and three fourths of a rabbit.. I produce\na third rabbit this time cutting off exactly one-eighth and ask the same\nquestion and I get the same answer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuppose we continue in this way, cutting off less and less of each\nsuccessive rabbit and you, rather stubbornly I must say, consistently\nanswer that there is no rabbit, only parts of rabbits. Finally, with one\nrabbit I just trim the end of one toe nail and I point at the rabbit and\nthe piece of toenail that I have removed and again ask, \u0026ldquo;Where is the\nrabbit?. If you are really stubborn and continue to insist there is no\nrabbit, then with my next rabbit I just sit for 10 minutes and wait for\nthe few 100 or so skin cells of the rabbit to fall off in the process of\nnormal skin exfoliation and ask again, \u0026ldquo;Where is the rabbit?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis experiment makes it clear to me that what I am commonly calling a\nrabbit is a completely arbitrary definition of something that, in fact,\nnever exists. The actual thing I am referring to when I say \u0026ldquo;rabbit\u0026rdquo; is\njust a mental image that does not actually correspond to anything of a\nreal nature.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow suppose we are walking together in the wilderness and we see a\ncoyote hunting a rabbit. We stop to watch and the coyote catches the\nrabbit. The rabbit is struggling in the coyotes mouth and I ask you,\n\u0026ldquo;Where\u0026rsquo;s the rabbit?. Suppose you say, \u0026ldquo;It is in the coyote\u0026rsquo;s mouth.. We\ncontinue to watch as the coyote devours the rabbit. First he bites off a\nfoot - crunch, crunch, swallow. The rabbit continues to struggle. I ask\nthe same question and receive the same answer. But now I find the answer\nunsettling because the foot has already been swallowed. That foot was\npart of rabbit. Now is it still part of rabbit or is it now part of the\ncoyote?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs we continue to watch the rabbit eventually stops struggling and the\ncoyote devours the rabbit, piece by piece until everything has been\nconsumed. When did the rabbit go. At what point in this process did the\nrabbit cease to be. When the rabbit pieces are in the bowels of the\ncoyote they are digested into smaller and smaller pieces until finally\nthey are decomposed into their chemical constituents, absorbed and\nincorporated into the tissues of the coyote. It must be clear that any\nchoice we make about when the rabbit is and when it ceases to be is\ncompletely arbitrary. Furthermore, what was once rabbit has become\ncoyote. When it is one thing and when it becomes the other is again\ncompletely arbitrary. Any choice that we make has no relationship to the\nactual identity of the thing from the point of view of the Natural\nOrder.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf the rabbit became the coyote when it was fully digested then it must\nalso have been the coyote when it was undigested pieces in the coyote\u0026rsquo;s\nstomach. If it was coyote when it was pieces in coyote\u0026rsquo;s stomach then it\nmust have been coyote already when it was struggling in coyote\u0026rsquo;s mouth.\nIf then, it must have been coyote when it was yet to be captured and\nstill running for it\u0026rsquo;s life. If then, it must have been coyote before\nthe coyote ever saw the rabbit. In fact it must have been coyote even\nbefore either coyote or rabbit were yet born.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom the point of view of the Natural Order what we are calling a coyote\nand a rabbit are just porous bags of molecules, sacks of energy wrapped\nby the sheerest gossamer netting. And these bags or sacks may come close\nto each other and then move farther apart, at times commingling so\nintimately that they seem to be one. But it is always a matter of\ndistance, sometimes very short, sometimes farther apart. It is always a\ncontinuum with no intrinsic borders, limits or boundaries. This\ndemonstrates clearly that there are no individual entities, only\nrelative concentrations of energy coming and going with extreme\ndynamism. This observation has profound implications.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst, it becomes clear that from the point of view of the Natural Order\nthere are no entities only actions, without entities that do the acting.\nThus the web of connections that constitutes the Natural Order is all of\nthe Natural Order and the nodes we may talk about between the\nconnections are illusions. There are only connections.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecond, any actions of ours that arise from a idea of self, where self\nis different from some other, are actions based upon an illusion. When\nyou hate me you hate yourself. When you kill me you kill yourself. When\nyou help me you help yourself, you help every person, you help\neverything connected to the Natural Order.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Winter of the Soul", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:05-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:05-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/winter-of-the-soul/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/winter-of-the-soul/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePieces die off that are no longer needed\u003cbr\u003e\nTears of revelation cleanse my soul\u003cbr\u003e\nRelease aspects with which I once pleaded\u003cbr\u003e\nAs they wither away I let them go\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThings become barer and more plain\u003cbr\u003e\nBut the chill that winter is thought to have\u003cbr\u003e\nRemains outside the window of my perception\u003cbr\u003e\nAs I\u0026rsquo;m warmed by the fire with reason to be glad\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBranches are snapping but beneath the earth\u003cbr\u003e\nRoots are deepening and spreading\u003cbr\u003e\nThe snow outside is a stunning landscape\u003cbr\u003e\nA mirror of where I am heading\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the winter of the soul\u003cbr\u003e\nUnfolding a timeless drawing\u003cbr\u003e\nA pristine preserved blueprint\u003cbr\u003e\nIs eternally thawing\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Angelkate](288.html)\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "You Just Made It My Business!", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:05-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:05-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/freelee/you-just-made-it-my-business/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/freelee/you-just-made-it-my-business/", "authors": [ { "name": "Freelee" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI came across this comment the other day: \u0026ldquo;You shouldn\u0026rsquo;t be so\njudgmental! Everyone should be allowed to eat whatever they want without\nworrying about some vegan nut judging them. It\u0026rsquo;s none of your business\nwhat I eat! Each to their own I say!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo!!! Wrong!!!! I\u0026rsquo;m going to tell you why that\u0026rsquo;s a load of ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou share this world! You share this world with other people! What you\ndo impacts on other beings! Animals. The planet. It\u0026rsquo;s not each to their\nown, buddy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou live in a world of seven billion people!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are these people saying \u0026ldquo;Oh! I\u0026rsquo;m not judgmental. I don\u0026rsquo;t wanna\njudge. I don\u0026rsquo;t judge people. So don\u0026rsquo;t judge me.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEverybody judges!\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s just that some people pretend they don\u0026rsquo;t judge.\u003cbr\u003e\nAre you one of them?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou\u0026rsquo;re judging me.\u003cbr\u003e\nI\u0026rsquo;m judging you.\u003cbr\u003e\nLet\u0026rsquo;s just get over it and get on with it. Ok?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou may like to think that what you do is none of my business, but\nyou\u0026rsquo;re wrong! Here\u0026rsquo;s why.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you eat in a way that leads to the starvation of a child every two\nseconds - you just made it my business!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you smoke and you pollute my air - you just made it my business!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you eat in a way that leads to the extinction of 137 plant and\nanimal species every single day - you just made it my business!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen how you eat leads to an innocent, voiceless animal getting a\nmeathook in its face or its throat slit violently - you just made it my\nbusiness!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the murder-burger you are stuffing in your gob leads to the\ndestruction of 67 square feet of rainforest everytime - you just made it\nmy business!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen my taxes have to pay for your disease care, your diabetes\nmedication, your kemo, your heart disease operation, your pharmaceutical\nallowance! I don\u0026rsquo;t want my taxes to go to that! - you just made it my\nbusiness!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we have water-shortages due to you wanting to eat your grassfed\nmeat and dairy products - you just made it my business!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen your mindless corpse-crunching and pus-slurping leads to the abuse\nand slaughter of one million animals every single hour - you just made\nit my business!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen your diet requires the most inefficient, wasteful, environmentally\ndestructive method of producing food imaginable - you just made it my\nbusiness!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen your fat, sweaty, meaty spare tires begin to consume my side of the\nairplane seat - you just made it my business!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the way you eat leads to 90% of the amazon rainforest destroyed\nforever - you just made it my business!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the excrement you literally eat from feces in-fused meat put me at\nrisk from e. coli and samonella poisoning from cross contaminating - you\njust made it my business!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you know diddly-squat about nutrition, but instantly become an\nexpert when you hear the word veganism mentioned - you just made it my\nbusiness!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou\u0026rsquo;re going to hear from me.\u003cbr\u003e\nI\u0026rsquo;m going to speak up.\u003cbr\u003e\nI\u0026rsquo;m going to tell you where you are full of it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe only reason you feel judged is because you\u0026rsquo;re doing the wrong thing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is Freelee\u0026rsquo;s video of this post:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/0E0QOhL7lS4?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e" }, { "title": "Time", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/time/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/time/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHave you ever noticed that you have the power to control time? In fact,\nyou are doing it right now. \u0026ldquo;That can\u0026rsquo;t be true\u0026rdquo;, I hear you say, \u0026ldquo;Time\nis shared by everyone, so if one person controlled it then everyone else\nwould notice time speeding up or down! There would be conflicting\ninfluences on time happening from many different people, so it wouldn\u0026rsquo;t\nbe possible!\u0026rdquo; This logic makes sense based on the idea that time is a\nshared reality between all human beings and something that is\nunchangeable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, is it? It would seem to be so when we look at the clocks that\nwe live by and how these time systems link together in perfect harmony\nto create a network of interlinking lives, all being lived in\nsynchronicity with one worldwide clock that has slightly different\nnumbers attributed to certain points on it based on your geographical\nlocation - we are all in different places, but on the same\nmerry-go-round. In our perception, we are all moving around the\nperimeter of one big world clock, just like the earth moves around the\nsun.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI invite you to consider for a moment, the notion that time is an\nillusion. It is not a physical thing, but a perception that we have\nformed based on our observation of moving objects within the universe,\nour tracking of their cycles using manmade meters and devices and our\nmarking of mental images that represent our experiences onto various\nplaces on our manmade charts. We remember the past and contemplate the\nfuture, frequently using phrases such as \u0026rsquo;look towards the future\u0026rsquo;,\n\u0026rsquo;look back on the past\u0026rsquo; and \u0026lsquo;further down the line\u0026rsquo;, but let\u0026rsquo;s take a\ncloser at how we do thisā€¦ we imagine.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur internal images of the past and future are symbols that represent\nwhat we have experienced or what we imagine that we will experience, but\nthey are not the experiences themselves. This is rather like how an\nartist\u0026rsquo;s painting is an impression of a landscape but is not the\nlandscape itself; it is a different object altogether and was made with\nthe artist\u0026rsquo;s own materials, yet to the artist it represents the\nlandscape. Each time that we remember an experience what we are actually\ndoing is creating a new mental construct that represents it, this brings\nsense to the word \u0026rsquo;re-member\u0026rsquo; which means to \u0026lsquo;put back together\u0026rsquo;. It may\nlook like the experience that it represents or like the same memory that\nwe thought we had experienced many times before, however, it is\ncompletely new just as it is every time. Past and future are only ever\nfound in the mind and do not exist in our outer reality, they are a\nfigment of our imagination.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is no such thing as a time line, this is another concept that we\ncreate in our head just as we could have created any number of infinite\nmental constructs in which to categorise our experiences and thus\nexperience a particular reality, believing it to be the ultimate one.\nFor instance, we could have grown up perceiving time as a circle that\nrepeats over and over again, believing our existence to be a continuous\nrepetition of the same time loop that we get to re-create in new ways,\nbut always passing through the same \u0026lsquo;patch\u0026rsquo; of time. This could be\nlikened to if you took a walk around your garden, mowing, pruning or\nplanting as you go, then when you come around again it would be the same\ngarden, yet changed. Instead of thinking that the past is lost forever\nwe might see it as a newer version of what it once was. Or we could have\ngrown up Envisioning time as a multidimensional shape, within our minds\neye seeing each new experience as a piece added to the puzzle as it\ngradually gets bigger and changes shape throughout our lives to form our\ntime map. We would see our life journey as a series of movements through\nthe compartments of this shape and see ourselves as being located in a\ncertain place within it, searching through these different areas in\norder to reminisce on our life and imagining new pieces in order to\nvisualise our future. Time in this case, would be considered an\nindividual thing rather than a shared reality and we might therefore\nshare a common agreement that time is changeable and bendable. Also, we\nwould likely see time as being separate from our records of the nature\ncycles but still use charts and dials to organise our lives when\nnecessary, with the attitude of, \u0026lsquo;Of course the charts are just for\npractical purposes and should not be considered as the reality of time,\neveryone knows that time is changeable and not fixed, for it would be\nridiculous to suggest that it was since it is different for everyone!\u0026rsquo;\nAlternatively, we could perceive time as an unfolding process that\ncoincides with our personal development, with the various stages of the\nflowering of our true selves as the landmarks to which we attach all\nother memories within our perceptual calendar. Just because we use\nclocks for practicality - this does not mean that we are required to see\nit as our reality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf on the other hand we lived in the wilderness we might never give a\nthought to time except to look into the sky to see if the sun is setting\nor rising, living in cycles that feel natural to us rather than feeling\nthat we have to control them and override our natural inclinations. It\nseems that the more man made our life styles become, the more emphasis\nthat we place on time and the more trapped we feel by it. We try to\naccomplish impossible tasks such as running away from the past, beating\nthe clock or racing towards the future. This is stressful because when\nwe do this we are not living in harmony with the only moment that there\nis; this one. Truer to reality and a more peaceful way to see our\nexistence is as one moment that we are eternally sculpting and creating.\nHowever, this is still a mental concept and while we can read words that\nare symbols of that which they describe, they are not the thing itself.\nTruth is experienced within oneself, although it is nice to be reminded\nof it because this can gently beckon us back to our natural state that\npatiently waits beneath the layers of thought, ready to be rediscovered.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we are consciousness and consciousness is presence and presence is\nnow, this means that in order to time travel we would have to leave\nourselves behind! Of course, this is impossible because one cannot\nseparate oneself from that which one is. This also means that there is\nno \u0026lsquo;out there\u0026rsquo;, there is only here. For there to be an \u0026lsquo;out there\u0026rsquo; that\nis separate from us, because now is presence and presence is\nconsciousness, the \u0026lsquo;out there\u0026rsquo; would have to be something other than\nconsciousness - which is impossible. Something that is not consciousness\ncannot exist because consciousness is the meaning of existence; such a\nthing can only be imagined by consciousness itself and is therefore\nillusion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince the idea of travelling to another destination in time is a\nfascinating concept for many of us, let us consider for a moment what it\nwould be like if this were possible. I imagine that some of us would\ntravel back in time in order to make changes to the past in an attempt\nto effect positive change in the present, perhaps we would correct an\naction of ours that we consider to be a mistake or act on information\nthat we had only received further into the future. Perhaps we would\nbecome obsessed with trying to change situations in our life by going\nback, instead of drawing on faith and courage to face them in the\npresent. It would be a way of running away from the very experiences\nthrough which we grow and evolve by uncovering the jewels of our\nauthentic selves in the face of challenges that test our spirit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother thing to consider is that we would not know what the full\nconsequences of altering the past would be, just as we don\u0026rsquo;t for our\nactions in the present. On returning to the present we would find that\nwe would have created a set of alternate problems and with them a\nnever-ending temptation to go back in an attempt to do more fixing. If\non the other hand, we travelled to the future, we would probably become\nanxious about how to achieve the success that we have witnessed in our\nfuture life or scared of an undesired outcome and fear driven as we try\nto prevent it from happening.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow let\u0026rsquo;s take a closer look at how we attempt to escape the present\nmoment, becoming prisoners of our own minds as we throw it away in the\nsearch for something better. Many of us often feel that we are \u0026lsquo;running\naway from the past\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;running out of time\u0026rsquo; or \u0026lsquo;chasing the future\u0026rsquo;, this\ncauses us to feel things such as stress, fear, anxiety, uneasy\nanticipation that we mistake for excitement and generally to have a\nsense of being misplaced and off balance. Some of us spend our entire\nlives trying to escape the present moment which is the root cause of\nmost of our suffering in the various ways that it presents itself, which\nare all branches of the same tree. We crave the return to our natural\nstate of being which is a sense of connection, belonging and wholeness;\nhowever, when we do not recognise our suffering as the messenger of\ntruth that it is we misinterpret our desire as a need for the stuff that\nwe see outside of ourselves. We seek fulfilment in meaningless things\nthat cannot satisfy us, unknowingly leading ourselves into a trap\nwhereby we experience temporary relief from our dissatisfaction, which\nfuels a cycle of addiction because our real need is unmet, which is the\nneed to experience the truth of who we are. All attempts to make\nourselves whole will eventually fail as long as we seek completion\noutside of ourselves, because our incompleteness is an illusion itself\nand can therefore only be remedied by the relinquishment of this\nillusion. We cannot free our self by adding the illusion that we are\nhappy to the illusion that we are unwhole, we must strip away all\nillusion to reveal our wholeness, this is how we find the deep sense of\npeace and completeness that we have desired all our life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe are homesick - we roam the dark moors of our illusion like ghosts of\nthe earth, lost and haunted by the shadows of our own imaginations. We\nare addicts of thought just as we are addicts of shopping, food,\nalcohol, drugs, sex, relationships and anything else that we can use as\na distraction from being here now, with ourselves in the intimacy of the\npresent moment. We look everywhere but the place where we would find\nwhat we yearn for and where we would find true satisfaction; we miss our\ntrue selves. We miss the warmth of our own hearts, the peace of our own\nsouls and the stillness of this eternal moment, we crave the\nauthenticity of knowing ourselves and the awareness of our connection to\nthem whole that this brings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe present moment is the truth of our being, it is our home. When we\nare fully in it, we resonate at the true frequency of our being. An\nillusion will never bring us the contentment that we desire because\nthere is nowhere to \u0026lsquo;bring\u0026rsquo; it from since it being \u0026lsquo;out there\u0026rsquo; is an\nillusion. We project a false reality outside of ourselves, but we are\nall there is - we are the universe, we are life itself. We are the truth\nthat we seek, we are the belonging, we are the freedom and we are the\nbeauty.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow do we stop fighting this moment and allow ourselves to be present?\nSince we are already here, we must stop trying to be somewhere else,\nwhich can only ever be an illusion. We need to stop doing as we are\ndoing and simply allow things to be as they are and always were. Here we\nfind the rest, the relief and the freedom for which we have sought, it\nis so simple that it seems too easy. We think that because our problems\nseem big and complicated, that it will take something equally confusing,\ndifficult and complex to fix it, yet we are mistaken. This is the secret\nof life. We struggle in our search for freedom, creating increasingly\nintricate illusions, desperately hoping that they will fill the void\nthat we sense within our souls. Until one day we realise that we are\nroaming the very maze that we are creating and that there is no way out,\nexcept to let go of the maze itself. When we realise this, we give up\nthe fight against our true selves and in doing so we learn what strength\nis. We find it in the silent knowing of all that we are, we realise that\nthere is nothing to run away from except the illusions that we had\ncreated. We accept what is and far from being helpless victims of\ncircumstance, we are clear enough to take inspired action, free from the\nweight of all that we no longer carry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow, we arrive where we began - you have the power to control time. If\ntime is an illusion then you are free to choose how you experience it,\nbecause you are the one who is creating it. Have you noticed how when\nyou slow down, time slows down as well? Or how when you speed up, so\ndoes time? When you run away from time, it chases after you just as fast\nand likewise when you relax, so does it seem to. Time mirrors your inner\nstate of being, it is a reflection of how you choose to be in this\nmoment. It stares back at you from the projected \u0026lsquo;out there\u0026rsquo; with the\ntruth of what you are being in this moment. Perhaps this would seem\ninsignificant to some, however, when you consider that your state of\nbeing affects everything else in your life, you realise that you are\npowerful beyond all measure. When we choose to embrace the power of our\ntruth by aligning with our natural state of being, a phenomenal shift in\nour reality occurs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe may feel reluctant to let go of the past due to the beliefs that we\nhold about what would happen if we did and so we hold on, believing that\nwe are securing something that we need in order to be whole in this\nmoment. We seem to equate time with distance and subsequently perceive 8\nyears ago to be further away than 1 year ago, this perception causes us\nto think that we can lose things in the past or that things await us in\nthe future. In reality we are in the same moment that we always were and\never will be, which means that nothing can be lost - everything that is\ntrue is here now. Perhaps we fear that we will forget people who we love\nand experiences that we cherish so we try desperately to keep them solid\nin our mind, as we endure an uneasy sense that they are slipping away\ninto the ever expanding abyss of the past. Perhaps we are afraid that if\nwe let go of our childhood we will be cut off from the vibrant child who\nwe once were, forever losing hope of reconciliation with our true\nselves. Perhaps we fear that we will never experience the joy of fond\nmemories again and so in a state of mental poverty we stash them away,\nsuffocating our soul with the sense of death that belief in the past\nbrings and doubting the loving nature of life to deliver us more\nhappiness. If we were to set these experiences free like butterflies, we\nwould create room in our perception to allow new ones in, this is the\nonly way to return to the spirit of our joy. In order to set ourselves\nfree we must realise that our perception is back to front - holding on\ndoes not connect us to that for which we yearn, it separates us from it\nby projecting it into an imaginary \u0026lsquo;out there\u0026rsquo; which declares our belief\nthat it is not here. It was only ever here and can only ever be here,\nbeing present in this moment is what connected us to it before and this\nis the only way to renew the aliveness within us once more. Every joy\nthat we ever have is an experience of our true self, let us not be\nfooled into believing that it is dictated by form - form is merely the\nadornments on the dancer, but it is our soul that does the dancing. Our\nhappiness comes from within, we can never lose this because it is who we\nare, we can only forget for a while by imagining that it dwells outside\nof us.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerhaps we hold onto a painful experience by reliving it in our mind,\ncausing our self to suffer over and over again, or by believing that our\nidentity comes from it in some way. Maybe we feel regret about choices\nthat we have made and wish that we could turn back the clock in order to\nchoose differently. To set our SELF free we must realise that the \u0026lsquo;past\u0026rsquo;\nis not happening now and it therefore does not exist except for within\nour imagination, what matters is what we chose now because this is all\nthat there is, now is everything. We are being created now and so we\nhave a choice between believing in the past or believing in the now -\nthis determines who we experience our SELF as. May we find the courage\nto follow the voice that calls us to seek the truth, to face our\nillusion and to follow our heart.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe may also find our self distracted from A natural state of balance by\nour concept of future. Life is a mystery and it is this sense of newness\nthat makes it an adventure, but if we project horror stories into the\nspace of creation and possibility then the present is tainted by our\nfear, we act on perceived dangers that are not actually happening but\nthat we assume will. The future does not exist except in our mind and we\nuse it to scare our self, viewing what we imagine as if it were reality.\nEven if something is predictable, our mental image of what the\nexperience will be like is not the experience itself, it is what we\nassume that it will be and since it is impossible for us to experience\nsomething before it happens it is not an accurate representation of what\nthe experience will be like. Or maybe we seek happiness in the future,\nwhich is to seek within illusion for the future never comes, there will\nonly ever be this moment. Only by honouring the now can our life fall\ninto alignment with our true life purpose and our happiness be deep and\nlasting, because it is the clarity of presence which allows us to follow\nour inner guidance which in turn connects us with our deepest joy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet us give our self the one true gift, it belongs to us and awaits our\nremembrance of its eternity. All other gifts are illusion that will lead\nto disappointment repeatedly until we finally come home to our self.\nParadoxically, when we stop seeking completion in outside form by seeing\nthat it is meaningless, we allow life to employ it for a meaningful\npurpose and instead of enslaving our self to it, we experience it as a\nreflection of the wholeness that we feel within. The world truly is our\nmirror. Let us give up the search that we conduct outside of our self\nfor completion and happiness, because we seek within an imaginary place\nthat does not exist and where every road is a dead end. May we turn\nwithin and find the rest, peace, joy and aliveness that we have so\ndearly missed in our dream of forgetfulness, which has caused us to seek\nreunion with our true self within the dream, when what we need is to\nwake up from the dream of our unwholeness, to the loving reality of the\npresent moment. Here is where we find divinity, for we are it.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Time Management Essentials", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/time-management-essentials/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/time-management-essentials/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;m too busy!\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;I don\u0026rsquo;t have time!\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;I have too many things to do!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-maninshower.gif\" alt=\"y-maninshower.gif\"\u003e\n\n Is this you?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell, at least you aren\u0026rsquo;t bored! One solution may be to do less, but\nMurphy\u0026rsquo;s truism \u0026ldquo;Tasks always expand to fill the time allotted\u0026rdquo; ensures\nthat you will only get less done in more time! Another solution is to\nuse organizational tools that help you to work more efficiently. Though\nwe can\u0026rsquo;t make more time (there are only 24 hours in a day), we can make\nourselves more effective.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTime Management Systems (TMS) provide tools for greater efficiency.\nThese tools range from simple tasklists to elaborate planners even to\ncomputerized systems. They\u0026rsquo;re great if you use what\u0026rsquo;s right for you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA good way to develop the ideal TMS is to start with a daily tasklist.\nWrite down things you would like to do for today. As you complete each\ntask, cross it out and as a new task appears, put it down. This simple,\neffective system ensures you don\u0026rsquo;t spend more time on your TMS than on\ndoing the tasks! If scheduling is important, get a daily planner and\nplace your tasks in there. As you acquire a deeper understanding of your\nlifestyle, you may look at the other possibilities that are available.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTools are fine, but what they are used for is essential. We need to\ncarefully consider what it is we do. This goes deeper than merely \u0026lsquo;doing\nless\u0026rsquo; to the key issue of one\u0026rsquo;s purpose. Establishing \u0026lsquo;our purpose\u0026rsquo;\nisn\u0026rsquo;t just a matter of writing down a handful of goals or dreams. It\nreally deals with the question \u0026ldquo;Who am I?\u0026rdquo;. The answer to the question\n\u0026ldquo;Who am I?\u0026rdquo; will determine \u0026ldquo;What I do\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet\u0026rsquo;s look back through our own history and examine things we have done\n(remembering that hindsight is 20/20). Why is it that some of these\nevents seem to be worthwhile and others worthless (or even downright\nregrettable)? The \u0026lsquo;worth\u0026rsquo; has to do with you. Some actions align very\nwell with who you are and others don\u0026rsquo;t. Ever say \u0026ldquo;It\u0026rsquo;s just not me\u0026rdquo;?\nSometimes that phrase is used to get out of doing something, but often\nit is a sincere expression of your existence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn practical terms, a task is worth doing if it is in honest alignment\nwith who you are. If you are ever in doubt, if a job feels\nuncomfortable, if you have too many things to do, or if you are doing\nthem poorly, it is worth questioning \u0026ldquo;Does this align with who I am?\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe answer may surprise you. \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-shadowman.gif\" alt=\"y-shadowman.gif\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;But there are lots of things I have to do even if I don\u0026rsquo;t want to ā€¦.\u0026rdquo;\nWell, this is the whole point. It is time to examine those things. For\ninstance, I get to spend a lot of time with my seven year old, Kyron,\nbecause I work from our home. He is very creative and sometimes his\nefforts result in a trail of imaginations all over the house. I don\u0026rsquo;t\nwant to clean it up, but it is a job that has to be done. I could deal\nwith the urgency of the matter and clean it up, but I don\u0026rsquo;t. The \u0026ldquo;Who am\nI?\u0026rdquo; says my role is to foster a sense of personal responsibility in my\nson. That takes priority over the urgency (which doesn\u0026rsquo;t look all that\nurgent anymore). So guess who cleans up? Kyron says he dislikes cleaning\nand insists he will never take anything out ever again to play with, but\nhe does and he cleans up too (in fact, he voluntarily did the vacuuming\nfor me the other day).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe must not let urgencies pollute those things that really are\nimportant. It is easy to \u0026rsquo;lose the forest for the trees\u0026rsquo; and so we must\nrealize that getting wrapped up in a myriad of urgencies keep us from\nparticipating in things of value. (Urgencies, by the way, vaporize as\nquickly as they seem to appear - just get sick for a few days and see\nwhat happens to them as the world continues to spin.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs written in \u003ca href=\"../magnificent-7/\"\u003eThe Magnificent 7\u003c/a\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;We all have 24 hours in each day: here at last is equality. What should\nwe do with this time, which is our life? Do we invest our time in\nactions that fulfill our purpose here? Live your time well, for it is\nall you can call your own!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Tribute by Twyla Francois", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/twyla/tribute-by-twyla-francois/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/twyla/tribute-by-twyla-francois/", "authors": [ { "name": "Twyla" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eEditor\u0026rsquo;s introduction: Below is the tribute written by Twyla Francois,\nreceived June 20 2008, after the intensive media coverage that followed\nfrom the Canadian Horse Defense Coalition\u0026rsquo;s 2008 \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/wdh/chdcorg/Investigations.html\"\u003eHorse Slaughter\nInvestigation\u003c/a\u003e.\nIt is a reminder that there is still much to do ā€¦ and that there\nactually exist those who are willing to march into hell for a heavenly\ncause.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI hope you\u0026rsquo;ll all indulge me for a minute but I can\u0026rsquo;t help seeing all\nthis media success as a partial tribute to Beth, Sarah, Emily, Jonathan\nLivingston, Aaron and all the other nameless animals who\u0026rsquo;ve died without\ngovernmental recognition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThoughts from Toronto Airport - Thursday, June 19, 2008\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI\u0026rsquo;m so happy I\u0026rsquo;m near tears. Anything will set me off - the Hare Krishna\ndevotional hymn on the taxi drivers\u0026rsquo; stereo, a smiling service person.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy mind keep returning to the lovely female reporter from yesterday\nwhose eyes brimmed over interviewing me to the CBC radio show Here and\nNow host opening with \u0026ldquo;It\u0026rsquo;s hard to imagine anything but a warm nuzzle\nfrom a horse but ā€¦\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is for the pigs who were recorded dying so terribly in 2005 and\n2006 that CFIA did nothing about. It\u0026rsquo;s their day as much as it is the\nhorses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s for Beth ā€¦\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-ttbeth.jpg\" alt=\"y-ttbeth.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe downer sow who was chased with electric prods until she passed out\nin her own vomit\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s for Sarah ā€¦\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-ttsarah.jpg\" alt=\"y-ttsarah.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe downer sow who was beaten, dragged by her ears and trampled in a hot\nring for over 2 hours (until I finally was able to convince the auction\nvet to euthanize her)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s for Emily ā€¦\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-ttemily.jpg\" alt=\"y-ttemily.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe dairy cow with the twisted stomach whose udder was nearly on the\nground as mastitis had become so painful and debilitating it caused the\nligaments holding it in place to rupture\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s for Aaron ā€¦\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-ttaaron.jpg\" alt=\"y-ttaaron.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe calf who was left to hobble in pain with his broken leg\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s for Jonathan Livingston ā€¦\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-ttjonathan.jpg\" alt=\"y-ttjonathan.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethe foie gras duck force-fed with a steel tube and choking on his own\nvomit\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ and all the future animals that will needlessly suffer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTHEY WILL NOT BE IGNORED ANYMORE.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow it\u0026rsquo;s time to be strong and intensify the fight; to take advantage of\nthis new-found kindness and expose the suffering of all farm animals ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Triumph of Love", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/triumph-of-love/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/triumph-of-love/", "authors": [ { "name": "Sangeeta" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eLong ago within the Ocean of Frungali there was born a baby whale who\nwas named Prem. He was an exceptionally intelligent child, and indeed\nhis parents were very proud of him. When all his friends swam into the\nocean depth to play, he would go on his own exploring the beauties of\nthe ocean. There he would meet many different species. He realized that\neach one of them had different personalities and acted in different\nways. He made friends with many different creatures of the sea, but none\nof them would ever play together before their elders because if their\nfriendship was ever to be revealed the creature would be ostracized.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-dolphinsky.gif\" alt=\"y-dolphinsky.gif\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrem become really good friends with a dolphin named Habibi.\n![dolphin](y-dolphinsky.gif) Each day they\u0026rsquo;d play in far off place\nwhere no one could see them. Habibi taught Prem how to jump out of the\nwater just as a dolphin and Prem would teach his dolphin friend to stand\non her head and wave her tail within the water just like a whale.\nTogether they discover many far off places within the sea and met new\ncreatures with whom they created close acquaintance. They enjoyed each\nothers\u0026rsquo; company very much, but they were extremely afraid of their\nelders.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhenever Prem played with his whale friends he would teach them\ndifferent things that they had never learned before. All his friends\nreally liked him, but they all thought that he was strange because the\nthings he taught his friends were different from what the elders liked\nto teach them. As he grew up he learned about others and about his inner\npotential. Prem would often go on little swims by himself to meditate on\nthe things around him. He would often think of ways to bring all\ncreatures of the sea into one unified whole, instead of different sects\nwho loved none other but their own kind. The more he thought about this\nthe more determined he became to get rid of the egoistic notions that\neach sea creatures had about one another.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe went to Habibi and talked to her about how felt. Habibi understood\nPrem and she told him that there was nothing that could be done to bring\nabout unity within the stubborn hearts of the adults. Prem went away\ndisappointed and prayed sincerely \u0026ldquo;God, whoever you are, please help me\nto bring about unity within all my brothers and sisters in the sea.\u0026rdquo;\nSuddenly Prem felt a surge of energy enter his heart and with all the\ncourage he had, he approached the Council of the Wise Whales.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe entered into a monstrous sized cave which was dark and silent. At the\nend of the cave he saw a light where the wise elders resided. Prem shyly\napproached the light and entered into the Kingdom of the Elders. They\nsmiled at the little whale and asked him why he had come to them. Prem\nsaid to them bashfully\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;I want to know why whales are not allowed to play with other sea\ncreatures.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA loud echo of awed voices resounded in the assembly hall. One whale\nanswered \u0026ldquo;Because all the other species are evil.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;How do you know that?\u0026rdquo; asked Prem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;It says so in the Great Book of Whales.\u0026rdquo; thundered old Bahula the\nwisest of all the whales.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Oh wise one, doesn\u0026rsquo;t it say that we should love one another.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Yes, but that only means love all whales, not those pesty little\ncreatures who don\u0026rsquo;t have the strength we have. Why, if we wanted to we\ncould destroy all of them in one second, that\u0026rsquo;s how powerful we really\nare. And that power makes us superior to all creatures.\u0026rdquo; boasted the Old\nBahula.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;But, you should never misuse power oh great one, rather our strength\nshould be utilized to help those who need it andā€¦\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;How dare you talk back to us! All through our lives never has a whale\nof your size ever spoken to us that way.\u0026rdquo; scolded Mother Mimi peering\nover her spectacles. \u0026ldquo;Do you think yourself more knowledge than us? We\nhave lived longer than you and indeed we know much more than what is in\nyour little head. And for speaking against our teachings we will\nostracize you unless you repent your sins to us.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;But I have committed no sin.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;What! Do you not know that the greatest sin to speak against this\nCouncil of Wise Whales?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Whatever I have said is true. Why do you wish to punish me for speaking\nthe truth?\u0026rdquo; cried out Prem helplessly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;GUARDS! Take this little whale away and throw him into the deep ocean.\nLet him live there all by himself!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe guards took Prem and threw him into the depths of the sea. Prem hit\nhis head against a rock and fell unconscious for a long time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuddenly Prem was spoken to by a soft voice, \u0026ldquo;Awaken my child.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe opened his eyes and there he saw a beautiful light surrounded him and\nin the midst there was a beautiful whale with the sweetest voice that\nPrem had ever heard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Who are you?\u0026rdquo; asked Prem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;I am your guide, sent from above to help you in your divine mission of\nlove.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;My divine mission of love\u0026rdquo; questioned Prem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Yes, yours. You wished to bring about peace and love within all your\nfellow creatures, and you have the power to do so if only you believe my\nchild, if only you believe.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;But I was ostracized from my group how can I go back?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;This was all the arrangement of the infinite so you could come to me\nand so that I could guide you and help you understand the unlimited\npower you have within yourself to change the world if you wanted.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Oh I do! I want everyone to live in love and unity, but I don\u0026rsquo;t really\nknow how teach them.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe divine whale answered, \u0026ldquo;Teaching is reminding others that they know\njust as well as you.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Are you saying that they already know what I am trying to teach them?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Yes, the answer to all questions is within oneself.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Then why doesn\u0026rsquo;t everyone love each other?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Because they are all under the illusion that they are higher than the\nother. All you have to do is go within yourself and find your inner\nstrength.\u0026rdquo; Then the divine being disappeared from the eyes of Prem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-fishbubbles.gif\" alt=\"y-fishbubbles.gif\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile Prem\u0026rsquo;s various friends around the sea of different colors and\nschools gathered at Habibi\u0026rsquo;s house to question the disappearance of\nPrem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe beluga whale sat with her fin around Habibi comforting her and\nsaying, \u0026ldquo;Don\u0026rsquo;t worry Habibi, we will find Prem for you.\u0026rdquo; Fifi the\nrainbow fish stretched his fin and said, \u0026ldquo;My friends and I have\nestablished a plan through which Prem can be found. Now, for all of you\nwho are willing to participate say \u0026lsquo;gurgle\u0026rsquo;\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA resounding gurgle filled Habibi\u0026rsquo;s habitat. Fifi reached out to the\nbeluga whale who in turn reached out to a whale from Prem\u0026rsquo;s school and\nso the chain continued until all the sea creatures united, and so they\nset out to search for their friend, Prem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMonth upon month passed and the search party grew larger as different\nsea creatures migrated to join it for they were all touched by Prem\u0026rsquo;s\nmission. Therefore the sea had become a multitude of colors as various\nspecies bonded and interacted together in unity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuddenly the triumphant cry of Habibi pierced the calm sea, \u0026ldquo;Look! There\nhe is!\u0026rdquo; They all saw Prem and because cheerful at heart. However, they\nknew something was wrong.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;It looks like he is dying of hunger!\u0026rdquo; lamented a friend. Habibi lifted\nher companion\u0026rsquo;s limp body onto her dorsal fin and lowered her head to\nhear his soft murmuring.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;I am so proud of you all. Those who do not cherish love wander deceived\nand bewildered. Without peace and happiness we can have no destiny\nexcept remorse and anger. But now I see that this will not happen here\nbecause now our home has become an ocean of love. My mission is\nfulfilled and now I must leave.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;You cannot leave us\u0026rdquo; cried his friends, \u0026ldquo;All of us have gone to great\nlengths to find you, how can you leave us?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;But this problem of searching for me has given you the greatest gift\nyou will ever receive. The gift of love.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaying this Prem left his mortal body and ascended into the higher\nrealms above.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "True Health Freedom", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/robert-sniadach/true-health-freedom/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/robert-sniadach/true-health-freedom/", "authors": [ { "name": "Robert Sniadach" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHealth care for everyone! Relief from disease and suffering!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the rallying cry of today, as it was yesterday and will be in\nthe foreseeable future.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMan has experimented with countless techniques, therapies and remedies\nin order to alleviate his painsā€¦..and we are still looking. Is the\nanswer now in sight? Are we closing in on the panacea of health?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet us probe deeply and discover marvelous treasures ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"introduction\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIntroduction \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#introduction\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShelton relentlessly taught and promoted a practical, sensible and\nextremely effective system of achieving overall human health and\nhappiness - Natural Hygiene.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Herbert Shelton (1895-1985) was an iconoclast and rebel health\npioneer. Standing on the shoulders of prior progressive and independent\nthinkers, Shelton relentlessly taught and promoted a practical, sensible\nand extremely effective system of achieving overall human health and\nhappiness - Natural Hygiene. The name comes from two words: Natural - in\nharmony with Nature, and Hygiene - the science of good health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany of the principles of this natural science of human health can be\ntraced far back into history, but modern thinking, theorizing and\ncodification into a wholistic, grand paradigm began in the United States\nof America in 1822 through the work of Dr. Isaac Jennings, M.D. The work\nwas greatly expounded upon by Dr. R.T.Trall, M.D. around 1862, and still\nfurther by Dr. J.H.Tilden, M.D. at the turn of the century.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShelton was by far the most prolific thinker and writer on the subject,\nand he was steadfast in promoting self-reliance. Examining a few\nphilosophical tidbits from his article \u0026ldquo;Principles of Natural\nHygiene\u0026rdquo;(1) allows us to cut right to the chase:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene is that branch of biology which investigates and\napplies the conditions upon which life and health depend, and the\nmeans by which all health is sustained in all its virtue and purity,\nand restored when it has been lostā€¦ā€¦Natural Hygiene is not a system of\ntherapeutics. It professes to build health in all forms of diseased\nstates by the employment of hygienic agents alone and without the\nemployment of poisons or resort to enervating palliatives or therapies\nof any nature. In the class of hygienic agencies can be included only\nthe actual necessities of life - food, air, water, sunlight, rest,\nsleep, relaxation, exercise, play, warmth, cleanliness, hope, faith,\ncourage - and the means of securing these. Constructive surgery forms\nthe only non-hygienic measure endorsed by the Natural Hygienist.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe truth should be self-evident that any method or system that\ndestroys the independence and autonomy of the individual and makes one\nforever dependent upon another person or class of people is not\nnatural. Any system that of itself creates a privileged class who can,\nby law or otherwise, lord it over their fellow people destroys true\nfreedom and personal autonomy. Any system that teaches the sick that\nthey can get well only through the exercise of the skill of someone\nelse, or through the operation of something else, and that they remain\nalive only through the tender mercies of the privileged class, has no\nplace in Nature\u0026rsquo;s scheme of things, and the sooner it is abolished,\nthe better will humankind be. It was no more a part of the original\nscheme of things that people should be a supplicate at the feet of the\nhealers than that lions or cod-fish should be. It matters not whether\na person is dependent on the physician, the osteopath, the\nchiropractor or the psychoanalyst, that person is a slave to that\nclass upon which one depends. Therapeutics makes slaves of men and\nwomen. This is an evil and cannot endure. Natural Hygiene uses no\ntreatmentsā€¦..none. A hygienist is a guide, a teacher. I\u0026rsquo;m not a\ntreatment peddler. I do not treat symptoms. We always first look for\nthe cause. The hygienist does not use the word cure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe healing principle is always in the living system itself. All\nliving organisms are self-constructing, self-defending and\nself-repairing. Teach men and women to prevent disease by avoiding its\ncauses rather than attempt to cure it by administering the causes of\nother diseases [drugs] - then health and happiness will abound\neverywhere. We are convinced that mankind can be educated in correct\nprinciples and trained in right practices so that sickness will cease\nto trouble us. It is our business to teach people how to prevent\ndisease and not merely how to take care of themselves when ill. I am\nwell aware of the revolutionary character of the principles I have\npresentedā€¦..but I am convinced that the physical salvation of the\nhuman race depends upon their acceptance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese statements by the late Dr. Shelton reflect his search for truth\nand his understanding that humanity is born to be free and autonomous;\nthat the power and intelligence that created a fully mature human from a\nmicroscopic fertilized ovum is the same power that will maintain us in\nexcellent health and well-being. All it takes is some basic education in\nthe natural laws that govern us, the Earth, the Universe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll it takes is some basic education in the natural laws that govern us,\nthe Earth, the Universe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore recently, Dr. Thomas Hanna (1928-1990), a philosopher, writer and\nresearcher, spent much of his time studying and teaching in the area of\nsomatic education. He, like Shelton, stood on the shoulders of great\nvisionaries that came before him: F. Matthias Alexander (creator of the\nAlexander Method), Moshe Feldenkrais and others. Likewise, he\nsynthesized and improved upon the works of these predecessors. Combining\ninsights gathered from neurology, physiology and sensory education,\nHanna created a body awareness and movement improvement technique he\ncalled \u0026ldquo;Somatics\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHanna: \u0026ldquo;Underneath I have enormous anger because I see so many people\nabused.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn an interview entitled Mind Over Movement(2), Hanna put it like this:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy own interest, first of all, for myself, and second of all for any\nperson I deal with, is to do anything I can to inculcate freedom.\nFreedom, independence and autonomy is what human life is all about.\nThis is what we grow up to become - totally autonomous,\nself-determining, self-balancing, self-healing, self-regulating,\nself-correcting. We\u0026rsquo;re magnificent creatures for becoming just that.\nUsually we don\u0026rsquo;t come off being so. In various ways - emotionally,\npsychologically, physically - we get enslaved. And we don\u0026rsquo;t have\neither the confidence or the ability to choose and truly conduct our\nown affairs and take care of ourselves. The truly burning and major\nissue of the 20th century - how can we become more autonomous human\nbeings - rather than depending on authoritarian experts who give\nadvice on everything.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe whole thing is to let people get a taste of freedom; for\nself-reliance. You\u0026rsquo;ve got to be competent and confident enough to be\nindependent and autonomous because freedom means that you\u0026rsquo;re capable\nof being self- responsible. The human life has no other aim, as far as\nI can see than for human beings to become self-regulating and\nself-directing. Human freedom is at the heart of all issues. It\u0026rsquo;s the\nonly issue there is of human and moral philosophy: how can you help\npeople become more free?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat I do is educationā€¦..not therapy. My main concern is in knowledge\nthat frees. We do things in one or two sessions and the problem is\ngone. And they (the clients) are utterly in command and aware of what\nwent on. Thoughtful medical people know the limitations of medicine.\nArrogant ones are dangerousā€¦..the excruciating unhappiness is to know\nwhat I know and realize it\u0026rsquo;s going to take years to get these ideas\nacross to the establishment of traditional thinking that has a hard\ntime absorbing them. The impatience that I feel is with physicians who\ndamage and hurt people and are arrogant about it. Underneath I have\nenormous anger because I see so many people abusedā€¦..I\u0026rsquo;ve got certain\ntalents, certain understandings; it\u0026rsquo;s in some sense my personal\nobligation to myself and other human beings to help them in any way I\ncan. It has nothing to do with power. It has to do with loving people;\nbeing concerned about the human condition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHanna\u0026rsquo;s love of freedom permeated all his work; he understood that much\nof the misery of humanity stemmed from a lack of self-responsibility,\nwhich was mostly due to a lack of education. To chip away at this wall\nof ignorance was his primary mission.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Author\u0026rsquo;s note: The goal of this article is to reintroduce into the\nrealm of true health care some age old wisdom, seen through contemporary\neyes. That wisdom is simply this:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDaily practice of their precepts of Natural Hygiene, Somatics, and the\nAlexander Method will enable you to live a full, joyous and healthy life\nfor all of your years. Embracing the philosophy and science will fortify\nyour mind with the knowledge necessary to carry on through good times\nand bad.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"natural-hygiene\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNatural Hygiene \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#natural-hygiene\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe science of Natural Hygiene is about enhancing physical, emotional\nand mental well-being through education. It provides us with a simple,\nstraightforward system for regaining and maintaining superb human health\nand beauty. Hygiene is personally empowering and liberating. It teaches\nindependence and rational action. It banishes fear and ignorance\nregarding human health and how to keep it. Ultimately it is about\nfreedom.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHygiene is personally empowering and liberating. .. It banishes fear and\nignorance regarding human health and how to keep it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe principles of Natural Hygiene, to be universally true, must reflect\nand harmonize with Natural Law. Just what is natural law? Natural law is\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLaw which so necessarily agrees with the nature and state of man, that\nwithout observing its maxims, the peace and happiness of a society can\nnever be created or preserved. Knowledge of natural law may be\nattained merely by the light of reason; from the facts, and of their\nessential agreeableness with the constitution of human nature.(3)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese are profound words. Everyone wants peace and happiness in our\nsociety. And we each want to experience it in our lifetime. To create\nthis reality, as an individual and as a society, we need to learn about\nnatural law and how to observe its maxims. We need to somatically\nexperience how to realistically apply it to our lives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ we need to learn about natural law and how to observe its maxims.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"natural-laws-of-life\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNatural Laws of Life \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#natural-laws-of-life\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn 1925, Shelton detailed what he considered basic physical laws that\ngoverned the orderly processes of life in his monumental work Human\nLife - Its Philosophy and Laws(4):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLife\u0026rsquo;s Great Law: Every living cell of the organized body is endowed\nwith an instinct of self-preservation, sustained by an inherent force in\nthe organism called \u0026ldquo;vital force,\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;life force,\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;nerve energy.\u0026rdquo; The\nsuccess of each living organism - whether it be simple or complex - is\ndirectly proportional to the amount of its life force and inversely\nproportional to the degree of its activity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Order: The living organism is self-constructing,\nself-maintaining, self-directing, self-repairing, self-defending and\nself-healing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Action: Whenever action occurs in the living organism, as the\nresult of extraneous influences, the action must be ascribed to the\nliving thing which has the power of action - not to the dead thing whose\nleading characteristic is inertia.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Power: The power employed, and consequently expended, in any\nvital or medicinal action is vital power; that is, power from within -\nnot from without.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Distribution: The power of the body, whether that power is\ngreat or little, is distributed in a manner proportionate to the\nimportance and needs of the various organs and tissues of the body.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Autolysis or The Law Of Conservation: Whenever nutritive\nabsence is affected, the living organism\u0026rsquo;s reserves are conserved and\neconomized: living structures are autolyzed (broken down) in the inverse\norder of their usefulness, while toxic substances are being eliminated.\nThis Law refers to the state of fasting in humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Limitation: Whenever and wherever the expenditure of vital\npower has advanced so far that a fatal exhaustion is imminent, a check\nis put upon the unnecessary expenditure of power; at that point the\norganism rebels against the further use of even an accustomed stimulant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Special Economy: The vital organism, under favorable\nconditions, stores up all excess of vital funds above the current\nexpenditures as a \u0026ldquo;reserve fund\u0026rdquo; to be employed in time of special need.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Vital Accommodation: The response of the organism to external\nstimuli is an instinctive one, based upon a self-preservative instinct\nwhich adapts or accommodates itself to whatever influence it cannot\ncontrol or destroy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Stimulation or Dual Effect: Whenever a toxic or irritating\nagent is brought to bear upon the living organism, the body puts forth\nvital resistance - which manifests itself in an action at once\naccelerated, but also impaired. This resistance diminishes the bodily\npower precisely to the degree to which it accelerates action. The\nincreased action is caused by the extra expenditure of vital power\ncalled out, not supplied, by the stimulatory process. In consequence,\nthe available supply of power is diminished by this amount.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Repose or The Law Of Compensation: Whenever action in the\nbody has expended the substance and available energy of the body, rest\nis induced in order to replenish the body\u0026rsquo;s substance and energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Selective Elimination: All injurious substances which gain\nadmittance by any means into the living organism are counteracted,\nneutralized and expelled as fully as the bodily nerve energy supplies\nallow by such means and through such channels as will produce the least\namount of harm to living structure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Utilization: The normal elements and materials of life are\nall that the living organism is ever capable of constructively\nutilizing, whether it is well or sick: no substance or process that is\nnot a normal factor/element in physiology can be of any value in the\nstructure of the living organism. That which is unusable in a state of\nhealth is equally unusable in a state of illness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Quality Selection: When the quality of nutriment being\nreceived by the living organism is higher than that of the present\nliving tissue, the organism will discard lower-grade cells to make room\nfor appropriating the superior materials into new and healthy tissue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Minimum: The development of living organisms is regulated by\nthe supply of that element or factor which is least abundantly provided\nor utilized. The element or factor in shortest supply determines the\namount of development.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Law Of Development: The development of all or any parts of the\nliving organism is measured in direct proportion to the amount of vital\nforces and nutritive materials which are directed to it and brought to\nbear upon it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese Natural Laws of Life have been in operation since life on Earth\nbegan. The maximum expression of health proceeds from living in tune\nwith these laws. We may debate the finer points; nevertheless, we are\nall subject to the causes and effects that have been elaborated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we agree that it is true that superb health springs naturally from\nobedience to Nature\u0026rsquo;s Laws, and we then compare that truth to\nconventional wisdom sanctioned by the present legalized health care\nsystem in the United States and most of the world, we see that two\ndistinct paradigms (points of view) exist:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNewtonian/Descartes Mind/body split; reductionistic; only 3rd\nperson/objective view is valid; the body is at the mercy of simple\nphysical laws; the body\u0026rsquo;s inner intelligence frequently makes mistakes\nand must be \u0026ldquo;corrected\u0026rdquo; by employing external force, directly or\nindirectly, through the means of one of the thousands of therapies that\nexist.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSomatic/Quantum Physical Mind/Body/Spirit integrated and unified;\nwholistic; 1st and 3rd subjective and objective viewpoints together are\nvalid (neither is complete without the other); the body works with and\nwithin physical laws; the body\u0026rsquo;s inner intelligence is always right and\nacts appropriately for the context within which it must function. Once\nwe intuitively realize that the body is always striving toward health,\nand that we sabotage this process by deleterious actions, emotions and\nenvironments/situations that we put ourselves in (context), we can then\ntake rational steps to correct the context, instead of wasting precious\ntime and energy on further abnormal \u0026ldquo;therapies\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ and 10% of all deaths are physician-caused.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe disastrous results of \u0026ldquo;helpful therapeutic intervention\u0026rdquo; attempted\nstrictly through the paradigm of 3rd person objective classical science\nare obvious all around us. Annual statistics on the health of the\nAmerican people from 1990 show that 95% past the age of four have some\ndegree of atherosclerosis, 95% cannot pass a minimum physical fitness\ntest, 33% will have cancer - 75% of these will die of it, 31 million\nhave arthritis, 81 million are obese, 80 million suffer allergies, at\nleast 28 million have high blood pressure, 12 million asthmatics, 160\nmillion backache and headache sufferers, 200 million frequent\nconstipation and indigestion problems, 1000 million colds a year, 1250\nmillion visits to physicians, emergency rooms and outpatient clinics,\nand 10% of all deaths are physician-caused.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe general concensus is that 80% of human disease cannot be cured by\nmedicine, 10% can be cured by medicine, and the other 10% is caused by\nmedical intervention! Mind-boggling numbers to say the least!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIs all this sickness inevitable? Is this much suffering normal? I dare\nsay not!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIs all this sickness inevitable? Is this much suffering normal? I dare\nsay not! Observing life within natural surroundings, we notice that all\nwild animals are born, live healthfully, and then die according to\nnatural patterns and genetic capabilities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThroughout their lives they remain healthy and agile. If they survive\ninto \u0026ldquo;old age\u0026rdquo;, they will die a natural death wherein all body organ\nsystems more or less cease functioning together. I believe humans should\nlive out our whole lives being just as agile, healthy and happy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI will only deal with the application of natural law as it applies to\nour health. Keep in mind that Natural Laws fundamentally apply to all\nareas of our lives - government, money, economics, social tranquillity,\nagriculture, environment and so on. Once we grasp this natural order in\nall things, answers to most of society\u0026rsquo;s and humanity\u0026rsquo;s problems become\nclear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI believe humans should live out our whole lives being just as agile,\nhealthy and happy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"natural-hygiene-philosophy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNatural Hygiene Philosophy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#natural-hygiene-philosophy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe timeless philosophy and platform of Natural Hygiene is rock-steady;\nit does not rest on shifting sands; it does not change directions like\nthe wind. As we progress in our understanding of the wonderful and\nintricate workings of Nature and as we slowly come full circle toward\nembracing and protecting this Earth which makes our lives possible, we\nwill come to cherish these eternal truths.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShelton assembled some of these planks of the Hygienic platform in Human\nLife - Its Philosophy and Laws(5) from various writings of previous\nhygienic visionaries through the years, including but not limited to\nsuch authors as Isaac Jennings, Sylvester Graham, Russell Trall, Harriet\nAustin, John Tilden, Edward Dewey, and Susanna Dodds.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe timeless philosophy and platform of Natural Hygiene is rock-steady\n.. it does not change directions like the wind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eT. C. Fry masterfully put them all together as follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene holds that life should be meaningful and filled with\nbeauty, goodness and happiness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene holds that humans are inherently good, righteous and\nvirtuous, and that their exalted character will be realized under ideal\nlife conditions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene holds that superlative well-being is normal to human\nexistence and necessary to the realization of the highest human ideals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene holds that supreme human excellence can best be realized\nin those who embrace those precepts and practices which are productive\nof well- being.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene, which encompasses all that bears upon human well-being,\nconstitutes the best way to realize the highest possible order of human\nexistence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene is in harmony with nature, in accordance with the\nprinciples of vital existence, correct in science, sound in philosophy\nand ethics, in agreement with common sense, successful in practice and a\nblessing to mankind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene recognizes that the human body is fully\nself-constructing, self-preserving and self-healing, and that it is\ncapable of maintaining itself in superb functioning order, completely\nfree of disease, if its needs are met.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene recognizes that human anatomy and physiology dictate\nspecific needs and conditions to function at peak genetic capability.\nSupplied with these needs and conditions, in a proper balance, humankind\nwill realize abounding health and joyous well-being.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene recognizes that diseases are caused by improper life\npractices, especially dietary indiscretions. Illness proceeds from\nreduced nerve energy and consequent toxicosis (general systemic\npoisoning). Insufficient nerve energy arises from stressful dissipation,\noverindul-gence or deficiency of the normal essentials of life, or\npollution of the body with substances not normal to it. Accordingly,\nrecovery from sickness can be achieved only by discontinuing its causes\nand supplying conditions favorable to healing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene recognizes that a thorough-going rest, which includes\nfasting, is the most favorable condition under which an ailing body can\npurify and repair itself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene, which teaches that exalted well-being can be attained\nand maintained only through biologically correct living practices, is\nnot in any sense a healing art or curing cult. It regards as mistaken\nand productive of much grief the idea that diseases can be prevented or\novercome by agencies abnormal to our natural being. Consequently,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene emphatically rejects (except in life or death\nemergencies and other extraordinary situations which will be touched\nupon later) all drugs, medications, vaccinations, treatments and\ntherapies because they undermine health by interfering with or\ndestroying vital body processes, cells and tissues. Therefore,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene regards the body and mind as the inviolable sanctuary of\nan individual\u0026rsquo;s being.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene holds that everyone has an inalienable right to have a\npure and uncontaminated body, a pure and uncontaminated environment in\nwhich to live, to be free of abnormal compulsions and restraints, and to\nbe free to meet his/her needs as a responsible member of society.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"basics\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBasics \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#basics\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe study and practice of natural hygiene manifests its wonderful\nresults most obviously in our physical health. Its benefits are not as\ntangible, but just as profound, to our mental, emotional and spiritual\nhealth. This is clearly true when viewed through \u0026ldquo;somatic\u0026rdquo; eyes since\nthere is no real internally- experienced distinction between\nmind/body/spirit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe result is what might be called a \u0026ldquo;Master List of To-Do\u0026rsquo;s\u0026rdquo; that need\nbe practiced to realize ideal health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene concerns itself with the question: What are the ideal\nconditions upon which human life depends? It seeks to understand the\nrelationship between action/non-action that is harmonious with natural\nlaw and the positive results therefrom.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the flip side, the consequences that result from rejecting natural\nlaw are studied and explained. The result is what might be called a\n\u0026ldquo;Master List of To-Do\u0026rsquo;s\u0026rdquo; that need be practiced to realize ideal health.\nThe funny thing is that living in this manner is, by and large, much\neasier than straining to live the many pathological practices promoted\nby approved higher authority - coffee, tea, alcohol, tobacco, thousands\nof medicines (poisons), etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eT.C. Fry, in putting together his pamphlet entitled The Health\nFormula(6), has succinctly detailed the basic premises of a healthy\nlife. An abbreviated version follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbove all, thou shalt not poison thyself! The fundamental principles\nthat beget and maintain superlative health include:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePure Air.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePure Water - not mineralized/carbonated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eComfortable temperature. Ideally a climate that allows many hours\nout-of-doors year-long\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCleanliness of body, both inside and out. Don\u0026rsquo;t pollute it internally by\ntaking in anything other than pure air, pure water, sunshine and foods\nof our biological adaptation. We can also strive to keep ourselves\nexternally clean without continually stripping away our natural body\noils.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdequate sleep. Nerve energy, which we use while awake, is generated\nwhile asleep.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFresh, sun-ripened, uncooked foods (preferably organically grown and\nnon- irradiated) of our biological adaptation. By this I mean foods that\nare most effectively and efficiently processed by our digestive systems.\nAs humans are naturally frugivores, fruits should make up a major part\nof our diet. Vegetables, nuts and seeds that are palatable should\ncomplement it. Cooked foods should be considered of secondary and\nrelatively inferior quality to uncooked foods; any food obtained from\nanimals should be considered tertiary and of even more inferior quality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVigorous activity. Optimum health demands exercise and activity. Start\nout slowly and build to an energetic workout that revitalizes all your\nbody\u0026rsquo;s systems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSunshine and natural light. Artificial light robs our bodies of much of\nthe visible and non-visible spectrum that is crucial to high level\nfunctioning of our eyes and endocrine system.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRest and relaxation. The siesta is a good example of allowing ourselves\ntime to rejuvenate during the day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlay and recreation. This should be both physical and mental in nature.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmotional poise. Our feelings are born of the conditions of our lives.\nIf we make our conditions right and maintain a positive attitude, our\nfeelings will be euphoric and outgoing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecurity of life and its means. Insecurity leads to emotional stresses\nthat rob us of well-being.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePleasant environment. This applies to all our surroundings, including\nthe people and animals that comprise them. Create and care for a garden.\nInvite birds and other wildlife into your surroundings. Beautify your\nhome. Include a special place for meditation, music, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCreative, useful work. Humans feel right only when they can fend for\nthemselves and supply their needs by their own efforts. We should strive\nto make a living at those endeavors which come naturally to us; that we\ndo well and with ease; that give us a sense of pride and self-esteem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSelf-mastery. When we know what makes us and the world tick, this\nknowledge will liberate our minds. The truth will set us free.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelonging to a group or social circle. As gregarious creatures, humans\nthrive within a context of peers on some level, and friends. We need to\ninteract with others about feelings, matters of intellectual moment, and\nlife\u0026rsquo;s affairs and problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInspiration, motivation, purpose and commitment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLove, appreciation and esteem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePersonal growth in spiritual realms. Striving to know, understand and\nfulfill one\u0026rsquo;s purpose in life begets joy, wisdom and serenity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExpression of sexual desires.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSatisfaction of the aesthetic senses. We must have harmony, beauty and\ngoodness in our lives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA sense of self-reliance and self-worth. Trusting our own inherent\npowers and our ability to do things is essential to well-being.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is by no means a complete listing of all of life\u0026rsquo;s needs, but it\ncovers the most basic ones. By reflecting on this list of life\u0026rsquo;s\nessentials, we can take the necessary steps to improve our lives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs I work with my clients, I try to teach them about the normal needs of\nlife\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs I work with my clients, I try to teach them about the normal needs of\nlife and how they can best change and improve their present lifestyle.\nIt is an individual matter; each of us has our own hurdles to jump over.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe may have various physiological habits to conquer - smoking, alcohol\nand coffee drinking, various over and under the counter drug habits. We\nmay have various psychological habits to overcome -\nnegative/self-destructive thinking patterns, failure mentality,\nabandonment or abuse issues, relationship problems with family or\nfriends.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs these harmful patterns are reversed, the patient must be taught how\nto live in tune with natural laws as best as they are able.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI have found that there are two areas of correct living that we most\nfrequently misunderstand. These two are the realms of nutrition /\nelimination and body use (exercise/posture/gait). I will address each of\nthese separately.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"nutrition-in-a-nutshell\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNutrition in a Nutshell \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#nutrition-in-a-nutshell\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNutrition is the process of ingesting substances that build and maintain\ntissues. Nutritive substances include air, water, sunshine and food.\nEach of these is essential for superior health in human beings.\nSunshine, in proper amounts, is required for proper eye, pituitary and\npineal gland functioning. There are probably countless other benefits\nfrom natural light; we just don\u0026rsquo;t know about them yet. The importance of\npure water and pure air is obvious. Food, however, is the big question\nmark. For every nutritionist and dietician out there, we will likely get\nexactly that many different opinions about our ideal food requirements.\nI\u0026rsquo;d like to break it down and make it simple.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe perfect foods for humans are fruits, complemented by various\npalatable vegetables, nuts and seeds.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll living things, from amoebas to humans, have genetically-determined\nfoods of their biological adaptation - foods which look good, smell\ngood, and taste good in their raw state as nature delivers them to us -\nfoods that are easily and efficiently digested, assimilated, utilized\nand the waste products quickly eliminated by our bodies. For example:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCows and Horses = Herbivores = Vegetation\u003cbr\u003e\nFrogs and Lizards = Insectivores = Insects\u003cbr\u003e\nSquirrels and Birds = Graminivores = Seeds/nut\u003cbr\u003e\nDogs and Cats = Carnivores = Animal Flesh\u003cbr\u003e\nPigs and Goats = Omnivores = Nearly Anything\u003cbr\u003e\nHumans and Primates = Frugivores / Herbivores = Fruits and Vegetables\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs one studies human anatomy and physiology, he/she arrives at the\ninescapable conclusion that we are constituted to be primarily\nvegetarians. The perfect foods for humans are fruits, complemented by\nvarious palatable vegetables, nuts and seeds. There is some evidence for\nthe historic inclusion of a very small amount of animal products into\nour diet - maybe 1-2%. But the evidence for the use of any animal\nproducts is either speculative or inconclusive however, so everyone must\nexperiment to see what works best for them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is some evidence for the historic inclusion of a very small amount\nof animal products into our diet - maybe 1-2%\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese are the foods of our biological adaptation. They give us the most\ncomplete nourishment with the least amount of toxic by-products. The\nmore we eat relatively harmful foods (grains \u0026lt; dairy products \u0026lt; dead\nanimals, etc.), the tougher it is for our bodies to physiologically\nhandle them and the more we poison ourselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"elimination\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eElimination \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#elimination\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis process of self-poisoning is crucial to understand. Just as the\nprocess of nutrition is vitally important, the process of elimination is\njust as important .\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis process of self-poisoning is crucial to understand.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBillions of cells are turned over daily. The non-recyclable parts of\nthese spent cells and the toxins in the air we breathe and the water we\ndrink must be eliminated. The non-digestible fiber and non-usable parts\nof food we eat must also be eliminated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we eat biologically correct foods, and if the stress levels in our\nlives is manageable, our eliminative faculties (liver, kidneys, lungs,\nskin, colon, etc.) are usually up to the task of maintaining an\nacceptably \u0026ldquo;clean\u0026rdquo; internal soma. But if stress is high, and/or we\nconsume foods that are not suited to our digestive capabilities, the\ninternal waste products pile up past the toleration point.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the outside, we call these elimination processes colds, pneumonia,\ndiarrhea, vomiting, appendicitis, herpes, acne, sinusitis, allergies,\nasthma, etc., etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe integrity of the whole organism is now threatened and the wisdom of\nthe body begins a stepped-up process of elimination. It uses any and all\noutlets to rid itself of excess toxic materials. The channel it chooses\nis an individual matter - your body picks what is most appropriate for\nthe toxin to be eliminated and your particular genetic make-up (See\nXII - The Law of Selective Elimination). On the outside, we call these\nelimination processes colds, pneumonia, diarrhea, vomiting,\nappendicitis, herpes, acne, sinusitis, allergies, asthma, etc., etc. The\nname doesn\u0026rsquo;t much matter, all are elimination processes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we think about what is going on, we realize that these things we\ncall diseases are really not diseases at all. They are really the cure\nfor a condition of the body called toxicosis (general bodily saturation\nwith toxic waste products). As such, these eliminative processes should\nbe cooperated with as much as possible. Instead, we are unaware of what\nis going on and we take even more poisons into our bodies in the form of\ndrugs and medicines.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe body basically treats all incoming substances as nutritive or toxic.\nAll medicines, drugs, potions, etc. are poisons. They are not usable in\nbuilding or maintaining healthy cells or tissues. Therefore, the body\nmust expend energy, vitamins, minerals and other important substances to\neliminate them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThink about it. How can a drug, which makes a healthy person sick (note\nthe many \u0026ldquo;side effects\u0026rdquo; inherent in any drug), magically turn around and\nmake a sick person well?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThink about it. How can a drug, which makes a healthy person sick ..\nmagically turn around and make a sick person well?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat about \u0026ldquo;wholistic\u0026rdquo; therapies and treatments? First we should\nestablish a good working definition of the word therapy. Dr. Ralph\nCinque has defined therapy thusly:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTherapy - The treatment of disease by the application of some kind of\nforce (whether mechanical, chemical, thermal, electrical or other) to\nthe body to alter its structure or function. The key word in the\ndefinition of therapy is force. Therapy forces change upon the body.\nThe force applied may be harsh or gentle; it may be pleasant or\npainful; it may be applied internally or externally; but without force\nthere is no therapy. With therapy, there is always the possibility of\nproducing adverse effects, and sometimes this is a certainty. This is\nbecause the essence of therapy is often not merely force, but outright\nviolence against the body\u0026rsquo;s structure or function.(7)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI believe that the best way to illustrate the proper place for these\ntreatments and therapies is to ask a few basic questions. Let us say\nthat we are experiencing a pounding headache. Is it due to a lack of\naspirin in the system? Is it caused by a deficiency of neck vertebral\nmanipulations? Is it due to the absence of needles at certain\nacupuncture points? Are we missing specific herbal remedies, homeopathic\nremedies or crystal stones? Is our bloodstream and brain low on EDTA or\nother chelating (binding) agents? None of these therapies or substances\nprovide anything that is usable by the body to build or maintain its\ncells and tissues. Most serve to further weaken our bodies by forcing\nthem to waste energy on the effects of these toxic materials and\ntherapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is paramount that we understand the basic law of cause and effect.\nThe aforementioned headache is an effect, and it has a definite cause\n(usually multiple). The cause is not a lack of therapies, drugs,\nmanipulations, etc. If this were the case, we would need daily, constant\nintravenous drips into our arms full of aspirin, EDTA, herbal potions,\nand homeopathic preparations in order to prevent the headaches. At the\nsame time, we would need to be careful not to dislodge the multitude of\nacupuncture needles strategically placed in our ears, head, hands, neck\nand other body parts, especially while the chiropractor is contorting\nour body in order to deliver his adjustments.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePain is our warning alarm. .. It is there to teach us that something is\ndefinitely wrong and that changes must be made.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is clear that all these approaches are palliative (to alleviate pain\nwithout removing the cause) and temporary, as long as natural laws\ncontinue to be violated. Pain is our warning alarm. Pain is a potent\nmotivator. It is there to teach us that something is definitely wrong\nand that changes must be made. Otherwise, disease and pain will\nintensify. Sometimes it is better to relieve pain by whatever means\navailable, especially when the suffering is causing unacceptable\nemotional turmoil. However, compassion in the form of \u0026ldquo;tough love\u0026rdquo; has a\npowerful role to play as well. Anyone familiar with the pain of\naddiction knows that the turning point back toward health and sanity\ncomes when \u0026ldquo;the bottom\u0026rdquo; is reached. And each of us must experience our\nown \u0026ldquo;bottom\u0026rdquo;. This understanding also highlights the insidious nature of\npain- killing therapies. They allow us to postpone true corrective\naction while we rely on false cures.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Anne Wilson Schaef makes this observation:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMedicine can help relieve some of the physical effects of the\naddictive process, and I question strongly the role of medicine in\nenabling the addictive process. For example, medicine often heroically\nrushes in to try to save people from the consequences of their\nindulging in their addiction (smoking, drinking, overworking or\novereating) while steadfastly refusing to confront the addictive\nprocess as the root cause of the diseaseā€¦..Yet, one way of looking at\nmuch of medicine (as it is now practiced) is as the systematic\nenabling of addictions; as what allows and supports addicts to\ncontinue to use until their deterioration is so far progressed that\ntheir is no hope of physical recoveryā€¦..they have taken the edge off\njust enough so that the society can indulge in and play with its\naddictive process. The field of psychotherapy has been especially\nguilty in this respect.(8)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we do use a pain reliever of some sort, I believe the responsible and\nhonest thing to do is to let the sufferer know that the treatment and/or\ntherapy employed is in fact only palliative, and that the true cause has\nnot been addressed. As such, the same or worse symptoms will reappear\nlater.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Keki Sidhwa poetically describes the greater psychological damage\ninherent in the promotion of therapies and cures:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo what price this remedy mentality? Patients undergoing treatments\nand therapies are at a great disadvantage. The patient blindly assumes\nthat the therapy he is receiving will \u0026lsquo;cure\u0026rsquo; him and hence makes no\neffort to self- recovering from his disability.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis sort of remedy mentality perpetuates from one generation to\nanother the wrong idea that disease is due to chance and that the only\nrecourse is how to drastically reduce the signs and symptoms (warning\nalarms) of diseases as soon as possible. Such a mentality is a\nbreeding ground for physical, intellectual, moral, emotional and\nspiritual decadence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInstead of being made aware of his own immediate responsibilities, he\nis lulled into a comforting assumption of childlike innocence and\nineffectuality. He is lulled into a false sense of security. He is not\nin any way to blame for the unwholesome state he finds himself; he\ncannot be expected to face the tasks of self-repair and readjustment.\nThese burdens he hands over to the remedy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith them go at least part of his most valuable assets - self-respect\nand self-reliance. Man cannot live imprudently with impunity.(9)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNature is extremely fair in that she metes out disease and suffering in\ndirect proportion to the degree that her laws are violated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNature is extremely fair in that she metes out disease and suffering in\ndirect proportion to the degree that her laws are violated. Some call it\nkarma, others realize that we are reaping what we have sown. Better that\nwe grow in the understanding and practice of Natural Hygiene so that we\nmay eliminate the causes of our diseases.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis, in a nutshell, is what goes on with most sickness and disease. The\nmore we intuitively understand these simple processes of nutrition and\nelimination, the quicker we can rid ourselves of nearly all common\ndiseases, permanently. Period.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith this understanding, we see that many mysterious and incurable\nconditions, such as chronic fatigue syndrome, arthritis, asthma, ulcers\nand many others are likely just more exotic manifestations of a\ncondition of toxicosis. The most natural, quick and efficient way to\ndeal with this intolerable state is to employ a pure water fast.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring any acute illness, the appetite naturally diminishes, usually to\nthe point of fasting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"fasting\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFasting \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fasting\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn integral part of Hygienic care is the use of fasting for the recovery\nof health. Fasting is an instinctive action instituted by our living\nbody when internal toxin levels reach a threshold that threatens the\nsurvival of our body. During any acute illness, the appetite naturally\ndiminishes, usually to the point of fasting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDefinitions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;Fasting\u0026rsquo; and/or \u0026lsquo;Water Fasting\u0026rsquo; - consuming only pure water as needed\nwhile allowing for total rest - body, mind and senses. The express\npurpose is to allow the body and mind maximum opportunity to free itself\nof debilitating influences (aka - detoxification).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;Juice Fasting\u0026rsquo; and/or \u0026lsquo;Juice Diet\u0026rsquo; - consuming one kind or a variety of\nfreshly extracted juices from fruits and/or vegetables instead of solid\nfoods. The express purpose is to significantly ease the burden of\ndigestion, thereby freeing up energy to accelerate internal\ndetoxification.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur body intelligently focuses its energy stores to the task of\neliminating the offensive toxins. It diverts energy from the muscles and\ngastrointestinal tract; this is why we feel like lying down and only\ndrinking fluids. Our body is most effectively and efficiently \u0026ldquo;curing\u0026rdquo;\nthe underlying problem - toxin build-up.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eForcing food and excess physical activity upon the ailing organism slows\ndown this cleansing process. Just the same, taking any medicine (drug,\npoison), short-circuits this body-instituted process of healing. Drugs\nsimply make the problem worse.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdding more virulent poisons and toxins (drugs, medicines) to a body\nthat is already trying to rid itself of toxic material is damaging,\ninjurious and unnecessary. The body is already \u0026ldquo;curing\u0026rdquo; the problem.\n\u0026ldquo;Cures\u0026rdquo; do not come from outside the body.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDrugs simply make the problem worse.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome basic facts concerning fasting are that: Fasting is a highly\nregulated bodily process that occurs during the complete abstention from\nall food, supplements, protein/electrolyte drinks, etc. Only pure water\nis taken as desired.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFasting begins when carbohydrate stores (mostly glycogen) are depleted.\nThis happens within 12-24 hours. Fasting can continue as long as fat\nstores remain to be metabolized for fuel (ketosis). This is usually 5-6\nweeks for the average person. Longer for the obese, shorter for the\nemaciated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen fat stores have been metabolized past certain minimum levels, rapid\nautolysis of protein structures occurs. This is starvation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVarious hormones come into play during an extended fast. Significant\nones include sustained increases of plasma growth hormone and\nadrenocorticotropin levels. These have important effects on ketosis and\ncellular protein conservation. Also, pancreatic release of insulin is\ndiminished considerably.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs the body continues fasting, it scavenges any and all superfluous fat\nstores, abnormal tissues, adhesions, fibrous growths, etc. for autolysis\nand subsequent gluconeogenesis. All important organs and structures are\npreserved during fasting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGrowth and healing continue during the fast, but these processes slow\nduring extended fasts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVarious \u0026ldquo;healing crises\u0026rdquo; may occur during the fast, which reflect the\nintelligent innate control of tissue repair and optimal healing. Our\nbody is working at the degree and speed that it knows can best restore\nhealth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClear and prominent signs are given by our body before it moves into\ncritical protein breakdown called starvation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFasts longer than 4 or 5 days require supervision by someone experienced\nwith monitoring the progression and proper conclusion of extended fasts.\nIn this way, maximum benefit can be obtained and preserved.(10)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe most difficult thing for health care practitioners is to do nothing\n.. intelligently\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFasting can provide the ideal context for tremendous healing to take\nplace in our body. However, fasting is not a cure. Fasting doesn\u0026rsquo;t do\nanything. In fact, fasting is the best way to do nothing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe most difficult thing for health care practitioners is to do nothing\nbut simply set the stage (context) for our body\u0026rsquo;s own magnificent\nhealing powers to take over. Yet in the vast majority of cases,\nintelligently doing nothing (not neglecting) is exactly the best thing\nto do.(11) Fasting simply provides the most favorable internal\nenvironment for the most rapid and effective healing to occur.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor those in the health professions, it is tempting to jump right in and\n\u0026ldquo;assist\u0026rdquo; the healing process with manipulation, bodywork, electrical\nmodalities, colonics, supplements, etc. Yet the clinical experience\ngained from collectively supervising hundreds of thousands of fasts\ndemonstrate that many of the \u0026ldquo;barriers\u0026rdquo; to healing are effectively\nautolyzed (eliminated) - cysts, calcium deposits, mucosal and fecal\ndeposits, tumors, adhesions, pannus formations, and other similar\nscar-type tissues.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe practitioner must use his or her judgement carefully in such cases.\nMild intervention may be of help, but it could just as easily hinder the\nhealing process, forcing our body to divert precious resources\nprematurely to the newly-injured areas and generally squander vital\nenergies. It is most often better to allow our body to achieve what it\ncan during the fast and to then apply gentle supportive techniques later\nwhere warranted.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYet the clinical experience gained from collectively supervising\nhundreds of thousands of fasts demonstrate that many of the \u0026ldquo;barriers\u0026rdquo;\nto healing are effectively autolyzed (eliminated) - cysts, tumors ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"appropriate-intervention\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAppropriate Intervention \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#appropriate-intervention\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Ronald Cridland, in an article in Health Science(12) magazine,\npoints out where appropriate medical intervention makes good common\nsense:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA primary principle of Natural Hygiene is the understanding that only\nour body (including our mind-Ed.) can heal. Whether we have an illness\nor a wound, it is our body that will heal it. Even when some form of\nmedical or surgical treatment is appropriately and successfully\nemployed, that procedure is not going to make the cells knit together\nor make the function return. Only our body (vital force) is capable of\ndoing that.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are situations, however, when medical or surgical intervention\ncan be of great, sometimes life saving benefit. Generally speaking,\nthese are times when the intervention, by removing as much as possible\nany interfering factors, helps provide the optimum healing\nenvironment, thus allowing our body to achieve its maximum healing\npotential.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut occasionally, medical or surgical intervention will maximize healing\npotential. When is medical and surgical care necessary?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSplinting/casting of severe bone fractures.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCardio-pulmonary emergencies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrgan failure emergencies; liver, kidney etc.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSevere shock; hypovolemic, anaphylactic, etc.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExtended anoxia due to severe acute asthma, grand mal seizure,\npneumothorax, etc.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSevere dehydration due to vomiting, diarrhea, etc.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReconstructive surgery - cleft palate, defects or patent ductus\narteriosis of the heart, other congenital defects, injuries, etc.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eElective surgery - cataracts, unstable chronic hernias, late stage\nprostatic hypertrophy, unresolved abscesses.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eObstetrics - life or death emergencies\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTraumas/ bites/ wounds causing life or death emergencies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe want to avoid medical and surgical treatment and hospitalization\nbecause it has serious risks. A healthy hygienic lifestyle, including\nfasting when appropriate, will prevent or resolve most acute and chronic\nillness. But occasionally, medical or surgical intervention will\nmaximize healing potential. The medical or surgical forte is in areas of\ntrauma or life or limb threatening emergencies where \u0026ldquo;high-tech\u0026rdquo; care\nimproves the outcome, and this is where surgical or other intervention\nmakes sense.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"living-wisdom\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLiving Wisdom \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#living-wisdom\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring these extended fasting periods, our body receives a well deserved\nperiod of physical, mental and emotional rest. During fasting, we can\ntake time to get back in touch with the inner healing power that\nsustains us. It can be a very powerful experience. We have the internal\nsomatic feeling of health returning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is the empowering intuitive knowledge that comes with knowing that\nwe ourselves are achieving this return to health, not some doctor, drug,\ntherapy, expert, etc. As Hanna proclaimed \u0026ldquo;ā€¦..And they (the clients) are\nutterly in command and aware of what went on.\u0026rdquo; Self-empowerment is\nstrengthened. Self- respect increases. Self-responsibility is cultivated\nand expanded.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGreater freedom is realized. Many of the preceding concepts on\nnutrition, elimination, fasting, basic needs of life, etc. seem obvious\nand of simple common sense.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is the empowering intuitive knowledge that comes with knowing that\nwe ourselves are achieving this return to health, not some doctor, drug,\ntherapy, expert, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd that is the beauty of it. Spiritual Masters throughout the ages\nagree that greatly simplifying our life is a first and major step toward\nachieving health, wisdom, peace and serenity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"internal-somatic-awareness\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eInternal Somatic Awareness \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#internal-somatic-awareness\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother vitally important element of Natural Hygiene, indeed a defining\ncharacteristic of all life, is that of movement. Divisions include\nposture, tone, use, range of motion, gait, exercise and others.\nFundamental to efficient and effective movement is a high level of\nawareness of what our bodies are doing. This sense of knowing how, where\nand what our bodies are doing is called our sixth sense - kinesthetic\nawareness. This kinesthetic sense is functioning all the time and it\nruns mostly on automatic pilot, allowing us to walk, run, eat, drink,\netc. without really thinking about it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFundamental to efficient and effective movement is a high level of\nawareness of what our bodies are doing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost of our normal movement patterns are learned in infancy and early\nchildhood. Though they may have achieved a desired goal at that time, it\nis very likely that these habitual movements are ineffective,\ninefficient and damaging to our structure as adults. Being habits, these\npatterns can be very difficult to break. Most healthcare practitioners\ncompletely overlook these deficiencies, especially those who should be\nmore aware, such as osteopaths and chiropractors. Emphasis is given\ntoward therapeutically strengthening \u0026ldquo;weak\u0026rdquo; muscles or otherwise\nforcefully \u0026ldquo;holding\u0026rdquo; odd postures thereby creating more habitual\npatterns on top of the old ones. Breaking this mold were two progressive\nhuman movement masters - F. Matthias Alexander and Thomas Hanna.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eF. Matthias Alexander was a classical orator of the early 20th century\nwho despaired of his chronic loss of voice during his performances. He\ndeveloped a system for correcting his aberrant posture by observing\nhimself carefully in several well-placed mirrors. He noticed movements\nhe made while speaking that restricted his windpipe and his breathing.\nHe attempted to inhibit these actions and gradually came to control and\neliminate these habits.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the process, Alexander gained valuable insight into concepts such as\n\u0026ldquo;body lengthening, \u0026ldquo;end-gaining and means-whereby\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;primary control\u0026rdquo;\nbeing the head/neck relationship in instigating forward movement. He,\nlike Shelton and Hanna, realized that he was not delivering a therapy or\na cure. He was educating his clients in more effective use of their\nbodies. His goal was to teach people how to keep improving themselves\nonce the teacher was gone.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy personal experience with the Alexander method is limited, but I\nbelieve that a combination of Somatics and Alexander techniques can\nprovide rapid improvements in use and function of our\nneuromusculoskeletal system. Alexander\u0026rsquo;s work was a great leap forward\nfor the somatic/body awareness field.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA supple, healthy body will in turn impact strongly and positively on\nour feelings about ourselves and what we are capable of achieving.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSomatics, as conceived and codified by Hanna, might best be thought of\nas a system for reawakening our mind\u0026rsquo;s control of movement, flexibility\nand health. It employs our powers of focused concentration, careful\ndeliberate movements and internal sensory awareness to overcome learned\npatterns of faulty movements and chronic muscular tension.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSomatics recognizes no mind/body split.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCurrent Western research is slowly coming to grips with the concept that\n3rd person \u0026ldquo;objective\u0026rdquo; observation is not paramount to 1st person\n\u0026ldquo;subjective\u0026rdquo; feeling. In fact, they are of coequal importance for\ndealing with reality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSomatics implicitly sees all life\u0026rsquo;s experiences as body/mind\nexperiences. To experience life to its fullest, we need to maintain our\nsoma (mind/body) in peak functioning condition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSomatics movement awareness provides a simple yet dramatic technique for\npreserving neuromuscular fitness. A supple, healthy body will in turn\nimpact strongly and positively on our feelings about ourselves and what\nwe are capable of achieving. Hanna introduces his thesis in his book\nSomatics(13):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Somatics movements can change how we live our lives, how we believe\nthat our minds and bodies interrelate, how powerful we think we are in\ncontrolling our lives, and how responsible we should be in taking care\nof our total being. In fact, as these discoveries relate to our\nconception of what humans are and can be, they have broad philosophical\nimplications for understanding the nature of our existence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur sensory-motor system (which senses our environment and then carries\nout a movement or action response) is a mechanism fundamental to all\nhuman experience and behavior. And to understand sensory-motor amnesia\nis to understand one of the fundamental causes of the malfunctions we\nhave falsely believed to be the effects of aging. The fact is that,\nduring the course of our lives, our sensory-motor systems continually\nrespond to daily stresses and traumas with specific muscular reflexes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese reflexes, repeatedly triggered, create habitual muscular\ncontractions which we cannot - voluntarily - relax. These muscular\ncontractions have become so deeply involuntary and unconscious that,\neventually, we no longer remember how to move about freely. The result\nis stiffness, soreness, and a restricted range of movement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis habituated state of forgetfulness is called sensory-motor amnesia\n(SMA). It is a memory loss of how certain muscle groups feel and how to\ncontrol them. And, because this occurs within the central nervous\nsystem, we are not aware of it, yet it affects us to our very core. Our\nimage of who we are, what we can experience, and what we can do is\nprofoundly diminished by sensory-motor amnesia. And it is primarily this\nevent, and its secondary effects, that we falsely think of as growing\nolder.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe reflexes that cause sensory-motor amnesia are very specific. There\nare three, and I have named them the Red Light Reflex, the Green Light\nReflex, and the Trauma Reflex. They are a crucial part of SMA and round\nout the enormously important discoveries of Hans Selye and Moshe\nFeldenkrais. Before discussing the three reflexes, however, it is\nimportant that I point out the following facts:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe effects of sensory-motor amnesia can begin at any age, but usually\nbecome apparent in our thirties and forties;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSMA is an adaptive response of the nervous system; and because SMA is a\nlearned adaptive response, it can be unlearned.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHanna: \u0026ldquo;These muscular contractions have become so deeply involuntary\nand unconscious that, eventually, we no longer remember how to move\nabout freely.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"philosophy-and-theory\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePhilosophy and Theory \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#philosophy-and-theory\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe obvious mind/body connection is central to somatics practice. Some\ncogent points:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHumans are psychosocial, self-organizing processes (Soma\u0026rsquo;s); we are\nexactly that which we sense ourselves to be.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur bodies are exactly as active (motor response) as they are receptive\n(sensory response).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEvery emotion has a neuromusculoskeletal representation; i.e. anger\ndemonstrates as clenched teeth, wide open eyes, fast breathing;\ndepression results in a stooped posture, lax muscles, shallow breathing,\nhappiness is expressed with smiles, lowered heart rate, relaxed muscles,\netc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImportant research in this area has been conducted by Dr. Hans Selye and\nMoshe Feldenkrais.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSelye basically proved that all biological organisms proceed through\nseveral definite stages when trying to cope with stress.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe called this response the General Adaptation Syndrome. His work dealt\nprimarily with the endocrine (hormonal) responses to stress. He noted\nthree general physiological states that the organism successively passed\nthrough:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlarm - where the organism elicits many specific endocrine and\nsympathetic nervous system processes to prepare for action;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResistance - where the organism sustains and modulates the Alarm\nprocesses to cope with continued stressors;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExhaustion - where the organism cannot sustain continued Alarm responses\ndue to depletion of resources.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoshe Feldenkrais was a physicist and engineer who applied his\nmechanical expertise to the function of the human system. He noticed\nthat when muscles and joints are dysfunctional, many times it is due to\nchronic contractions of the involved muscles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe believed that the best way to alleviate these habitual contractions\nis not to forcefully stretch them, but to slowly and consciously\ncontract them even further. As these careful movements are completed,\nthese muscles spontaneously release some of their tension. At the same\ntime, an increasing degree of conscious control is gained over the\nactions of these muscles. Feldenkrais put most of his emphasis on the\nmusculoskeletal complications of the startle reflex, which will be\nexplained shortly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThomas Hanna saw the connections between the pioneering work of Hans\nSelye and Moshe Feldenkrais. He combined the problems and treatments for\ngenetically programmed responses, including the Red Light Reflex, the\nGreen Light Reflex and neuromusculoskeletal responses to stress/injury,\nincluding the Trauma Reflex into a somatic rehabilitation and\nmaintenance system called Somatics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis bodily maintenance system, if practiced regularly as part of our\ndaily routine, will yield tremendous benefits regarding strength, tone,\nflexibility, coordination and efficient use of our neuromusculoskeletal\nsystem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough we may not be able to live \u0026ldquo;perfectly\u0026rdquo; each and every day, we do\nnow have a reliable yardstick with which to measure our progress.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"putting-it-all-together\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePutting It All Together \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#putting-it-all-together\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome will argue that it is well near impossible to meet all these\nconditions for health each and every day. Modern day living is far\nremoved from nature in dozens of ways, they will say. That is true.\nHowever, the superiority of the Somatic and Hygienic systems lies not\nonly in their simple wisdom and adherence to natural laws, but that they\nset out ideal standards for human health, based on anatomy and\nphysiology.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough we may not be able to live \u0026ldquo;perfectly\u0026rdquo; each and every day, we do\nnow have a reliable yardstick with which to measure our progress. No\nlonger must we jerk ourselves from one \u0026ldquo;expert\u0026rdquo; opinion to another, or\nconcern ourselves with the latest health fad, looking for the silver\nbullet to health. We now have a gauge with which to accurately measure\nour health and lifestyles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLikewise, we can easily gauge how well all other health-care systems and\nideas measure up to the simple standards that nature decrees. Logically\nit can be seen that all other approaches to health improvement and\nmaintenance will be successful to the degree that they employ Natural\nHygiene (natural law), knowingly or not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEvery one of us practices Natural Hygiene every day to varying degrees.\nAnd we are healthy to precisely that degree.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene is the optimal health system that harmonizes with\nNatural Law in all respects. Man did not create the principles of\nNatural Hygiene - Nature did. Hygienists, through observation, trial and\nerror and the process of elimination simply wrote down and then\npracticed what nature decreed. These harmonious laws of nature work as\nwell today as they have worked for millions of years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTherapies come and therapies go. Nature\u0026rsquo;s ways of health are always\nthere waiting for us to accept them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe word \u0026ldquo;doctor\u0026rdquo; originally comes from a Latin word meaning teacher.\nThe Hygienic/ Somatic/Alexander professional truly carries out their\nmandate - that of a teacher. Through their example, instruction,\nguidance, direction and support, we are continually invested with\nknowledge that will thereafter free us of the need for physicians,\nhealers, analysts, experts and other authoritarians for the rest of our\nhealthy lives. Enlightened and empowered with this knowledge, we are\nencouraged to share experiences and teach these experts and all others\nof this health-promoting and freedom-giving information. Those who may\nstill be a bit skeptical of the claims made by teachers of Natural\nHygiene, Somatics and the Alexander Method might consider this: .. there\nare no tremendous profits to be made by selling therapies, drugs, etc.\nWe just have information to sell.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene, Somatics and the Alexander Method teach us knowledge\nand skills that we can use to maintain wonderful health of\nmind/body/spirit for the rest of our lives. There is no stake in placing\nus on endless treadmills of therapies, drugs, medications, supplements\nor rituals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis being so, there are no tremendous profits to be made by selling\ntherapies, drugs, etc. We just have information to sell.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBody awareness gained through Somatics and Alexander techniques frees us\nfrom physical enslavement to unnatural therapies, manipulations,\nsupplements and drugs. Hygienic awareness also frees us from physical\nenslavement to unnatural therapies, manipulations, supplements and\ndrugs. All three free us from destructive mental and emotional\ndependence on experts and authority figures for our existence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur emphasis is on turning helpless, frightened patients into\nresponsible, vigorous, knowledgeable and happy non-patients -\npermanently. The ultimate goal of the teachers of Natural Hygiene,\nSomatics and the Alexander Method is that nobody needs our services any\nlonger.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur emphasis is on turning helpless, frightened patients into\nresponsible, vigorous, knowledgeable and happy non-patients -\npermanently.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis, I believe, is what constitutes truth in the field of human health.\nDoes the approach under consideration foster self-respect,\nself-reliance, independence and autonomy? Or does it promote, directly\nor indirectly, co- dependence, addiction, deference to higher authority\nand ultimate slavery to pill, potion, procedure or person?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis characteristic of increasing freedom is what separates Natural\nHygiene, Somatics and the Alexander Method from all the rest. \u0026ldquo;Let us\nhave truth though the heavens fall.\u0026quot;(14)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough a Natural Hygiene/Somatic/Alexander mindset is simple,\ninexpensive and in agreement with common sense, it will take a\ntremendous degree of patience, tolerance and loving kindness to instill\nthese effective practices into our culture. Yet, humankind and the Earth\nitself will take a terrible beating if we wait. As in matters of Spirit,\nthis information must be learned and embodied individually - one person\nat a time. The herd mentality and majority rule just does not apply.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe challenge is for each of us to study and embrace these simple\ntruths; to apply them to our own lives and evaluate the results.\nRational action demands that we test these revolutionary concepts out\npersonally and judge for ourselves. Nature and nature\u0026rsquo;s God will reward\nus tenfold for our efforts. We will not only know it; we will live it.\nThen, and only then, may we offer ourselves as teachers for the students\nwho are ready.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are millions of hurting people out there who need this knowledge\ndesperately. Those of us who have healed our lives through applying\nthese wonderful teachings of Alexander, Hanna and Shelton must pass them\non. We owe it to our selves and to our brothers and sisters. One after\nanother, we can build a groundswell of people that have reclaimed superb\nhealth, embraced self-responsibility, savored the experience of freedom\nand stand ready to work toward ever greater human mental, physical and\nspiritual evolution.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are millions of hurting people out there who need this knowledge\ndesperately.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"references\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eReferences \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#references\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShelton, Herbert M., \u0026ldquo;Principles of Natural Hygiene\u0026rdquo;, Hygienic\nReview, 1949.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHanna, Thomas, from the interview \u0026ldquo;Mind over Movement\u0026rdquo;; Mo Knaster,\nMassage Therapy Journal, Fall 1989.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGifis, Steven H., Dictionary of Legal Terms, Barron\u0026rsquo;s 1983.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShelton, Herbert M., Human Life - Its Philosophy and Laws, 1925,\ncondensed and edited.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShelton, Herbert M., compiled from various sources.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShelton, Herbert M., compiled from various sources and edited by\nFry, T.C.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCinque, Ralph C., \u0026ldquo;Hygiene vs. Therapy\u0026rdquo;; Health Science, March/April\n1993, p. 10-12.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSchaef, Anne Wilson, Beyond Therapy, Beyond Science; Harper Collins,\n1992, p. 128-129.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eidhwa, Keki, \u0026ldquo;Don\u0026rsquo;t Hand Out Remedies\u0026rdquo;; Journal of Alternative and\nComplementary Medicine, June 1993.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eact the American Natural Hygiene Society for a complete list of\nprofessionally supervised fasting establishments around the world.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBy \u0026ldquo;doing nothing\u0026rdquo;, I specifically mean that the supervisor of the\nfast should not apply any sort of direct force to the body of the\nfaster, whether physical, chemical, electrical, etc. Rather, provide\nsurroundings (context) that are most conducive to regaining health -\nQuiet, peaceful, clean, preferably within a natural setting, and\naway from family, relatives, friends who are not sympathetic. Try to\nprovide a complete physical, mental and emotional rest for the ill\nperson.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCridland, Ronald G., \u0026ldquo;When Do Medical and Surgical Care Make\nSense?\u0026rdquo;; Health Science, March/April 1992 p. 8-12 and May/June\n1992 p. 6-9. Condensed and edited.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHanna, Thomas, Somatics, Addison-Wesley, 1988, p. xiv.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis was the subtitle to Dr. Shelton\u0026rsquo;s Hygienic Review magazine.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"suggested-reading\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSuggested Reading \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#suggested-reading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAny book by Dr. Herbert Shelton, N.D., especially The Science and\nFine Art of Fasting, The Science and Fine Art of Food and Nutrition,\nSuperior Nutrition, The Hygienic Care of Children and Human Life:\nIts Philosophy and Laws. Each of these are available from the\nAmerican Natural Hygiene Society, P.O.Box 30630, Tampa, Fla. 33630\n813-855-6607\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAny book by Thomas Hanna, Ph.D., especially Somatics, The Body of\nLife, Bodies in Revolt: A Primer in Somatic Thinking, available from\nThe Somatics Society, 1516 Grant Avenue, Suite 212, Novato, Calif.\n94945 415-892-0617\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBooks describing the Alexander Technique: Body Awareness in Action\nby Frank Pierce Jones, The Alexander Technique by John Gray, and The\nAlexander Technique by Wilfred Barlow. Of Alexander\u0026rsquo;s own books, the\nmost highly acclaimed is The Use of the Self. These titles are\navailable from Centerline Press, 2005 Palo Verde # 325, Long Beach,\nCA 90815\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e" }, { "title": "Unafraid", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/unafraid/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/unafraid/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eDriving forward motion\u003cbr\u003e\nThe fire burns away\u003cbr\u003e\nAll that is not God\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd illuminates the way\u003cbr\u003e\nIn this eternal moment\u003cbr\u003e\nTime does stand still\u003cbr\u003e\nI am in alignment\u003cbr\u003e\nWith the one and only will\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpening my petals\u003cbr\u003e\nSpreading my wings\u003cbr\u003e\nNot even thinking\u003cbr\u003e\nAbout what this brings\u003cbr\u003e\nThe fire burns within\u003cbr\u003e\nMy eyes glare bright\u003cbr\u003e\nNo longer any darkness\u003cbr\u003e\nFor I am filled with light\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe path lay before me\u003cbr\u003e\nI walk it unafraid\u003cbr\u003e\nAll lack is illusion\u003cbr\u003e\nWhole as I was made\u003cbr\u003e\nNothing else exists\u003cbr\u003e\nBut focus of steel\u003cbr\u003e\nDoing what is right\u003cbr\u003e\nDoing what is real\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll of life sings\u003cbr\u003e\nIn harmony together\u003cbr\u003e\nThere is no opposition\u003cbr\u003e\nFor there was never\u003cbr\u003e\nThere is only faith\u003cbr\u003e\nThere is no fear\u003cbr\u003e\nDestiny is certain\u003cbr\u003e\nThe way ahead is clear\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTaking each step with\u003cbr\u003e\nCertainty and knowing\u003cbr\u003e\nConfidence and calm\u003cbr\u003e\nJust keep on growing\u003cbr\u003e\nI know precisely what\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is that I must do\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd that this path will lead\u003cbr\u003e\nMe home to you\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Vegan Cat Videos", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/peter-csere/vegan-cat-videos/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/peter-csere/vegan-cat-videos/", "authors": [ { "name": "Peter Csere" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHey folks, here are a few I\u0026rsquo;ve recently done in the hopes of alleviating\ncommon concerns regarding feeding a cruelty-free, speciesism-free diet\nto our obligate carnivore friends. No reason to make the pigs and\nchickens pay for a problem that humans created, and the cats can be\nhealthy and thrive while we\u0026rsquo;re at it! Never before have we been able to\n\u0026ldquo;have our cake and eat it too.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are over 150 million cats in America alone (including strays)\nwhich makes it the single most numerous mammalian predator species on\nthe continent. Letting cats hunt for themselves is devastating to\nlocal ecosystems, and enslaving billions of chickens, pigs, etc to\nfeed them is just making the problem worse (hey, we created a hundred\nmillion cats, now we have to enslave a billion pigs and kill them just\nto keep all these cats alive! herp derp).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhy should you test your cat\u0026rsquo;s urinary pH:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e The importance of\ntesting your cat\u0026rsquo;s urinary pH on a plant-based (or ANY) diet, and an\neasy way to do it. Also, what to do if your cat\u0026rsquo;s urinary pH is too\nhigh/alkaline.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6waDDYO8J18?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e[Note: other videos are presently unavailable.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c!--\n**Metabolic Misconceptions:** Regarding claims that cats cannot metabolize carbohydrate or amino acids.\n\u0026#10;\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/Q4UZUrc-248?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u0026#10;[YouTube Link](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q4UZUrc-248).\n\u0026#10; **Vegan Cat Ethics:** Discussion of ethical issues regarding a plant-based diet for domestic cats.\n\u0026#10;\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/fYA1kTJCl1Y?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u0026#10;[YouTube Link](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fYA1kTJCl1Y)\n\u0026#10; **Cats with food allergies:** What to do about cats with allergies to specific ingredients? What to do if you simply wish to avoid certain ingredients?\n\u0026#10;\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/CHFT1B0_H_Y?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n[YouTube Link](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHFT1B0_H_Y)\n--\u003e" }, { "title": "Vivisection Science or Insanity", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/vivisection-science-or-insanity/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/vivisection-science-or-insanity/", "authors": [ { "name": "Sangeeta" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eMany caring and concerned individuals both from the medical and local\ncommunities are asking if animal experimentation is beneficial to human\nhealth and medical research. (Ruesch 36) Because animal experimentation\nfocuses on artificially inducing disease in perfectly healthy animals,\nand is undermined by the vast differences of non-human-animals versus\nhumans anatomically, physiologically and pathologically, \u0026ldquo;it is\ninherently an unsound way to investigate the human disease process\u0026rdquo; (MMC\n1)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApproximately two hundred years ago the practice of vivisection began\nwhen religious leaders prohibited the dissection of human corpses. When\nthis taboo was lifted, animals were continued to be used since the idea\nhad become so entrenched in the minds of researchers.(Kupsinel 2) Every\nyear in America, over 100 million animals are used for experiments.\nTheir use is currently increasing every year worldwide by 6%.(Kupsinel\n2)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVivisectors would like to reject the charges that their driving motives\nare avarice, ambition, or sadism disguised as scientific curiosity. On\nthe contrary, they present themselves as altruists who are entirely\ndedicated to the benefit of mankind. (Ruesch 6) Intelligent and\nhistorical humanitarians such as Leonardo Da Vinci, Voltaire, Goethe and\nSchweitzer \u0026ldquo;have passionately declared that species worth saving through\nsuch barbaric means isn\u0026rsquo;t worth saving at all.\u0026rdquo; (Ruesch 6) There is\npresently crushing evidence which proves that this dehumanizing and\ninhumane practices have grievously damaged true science and the health\nof humanity at large. (Ruesch 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eContrary to popular belief, the use of animals in experimentation is not\nneeded, in fact such practices can be detrimental to human health. In\ncomparing the physiology of a rat to that of a human, we see many\nbiological differences: mice live for 3 years and require massive doses\nof drugs (more than humans will ever use) before an over-dose occurs,\nthey have very different bodily functions and get cancer for different\nreasons than human would. These differences between a rat and a human\nprove that it is unreliable and misleading to extrapolate results from\nrats onto people. When a non-human animal is treated for a disease or a\ndrug, the results can vary dramatically. Some of the differences occur\nalso in how an animal and a human react to different drugs. Aspirin,\nTylenol, Dristan and Advil have produced severe reactions in animals,\nbut do not produce such results in humans. (Kupsinel 1) Many people\nbelieve that drugs tested on animals are proven to be safe, and\ntherefore are safe on humans. These individuals are unfortunately\nunaware that arsenic has been found safe for sheep, cyanide safe for\nchickens, and poisonous mushrooms safe for rabbits. If these results had\nbeen extrapolated to humans, the effect on our population could have\nbeen devastating. For this reason over 52% of all drugs (AAVS Website)\nthat enter the market have to be re-labeled or pulled off the shelf due\nto harmful side effects in humans. Even then, over 2 million people\nsuffer severe side-effects. Additionally, the number four killer in\nAmerica is drugs which have been found safe for animals, but have killed\nover 100,000 people every year. (PETA Website)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. has been experimenting on animals for over 200 years, and is\n20th in infant mortality rate and 19th in life expectancy. The standard\nof living has improved, not due to animal research but due to changes in\nour environment, life style and hygiene. (AAVS Website) Cancer rates\ncontinue to rise as we spend billions of dollars on finding cures; the\nWorld Health Organization says that 90% of all cancers are preventable\nwith lifestyle changes, yet the Cancer Institutes spends less than 1% on\nprevention tactics and programs. (Cruelty- Free Charities brochure)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile the Cancer Institutes spend little money on prevention, $5\nbillion of taxpayers money funds general animal research. There should\nbe a redistribution of this money, from the hands of animal vivisectors\ninto the hands of caring health professionals who see the value in\neducation and prevention. Money is being misdirected, while drug\ntreatment centers, community clinics, trauma units and prenatal centers\nare being shut down for lack of funds. (PETA Website)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeside the scientific arguments, ethical reasons for adopting human\nscientific practices exist. Animals experience much pain throughout\ntheir captive lives. When tested on, they may be forced to inhale\nharmful gases, have harsh chemicals dripped into their eyes, or have\nirritating substances rubbed on their raw skins.(PETA Website). Animals\nsuffer tremendously, and are rarely given anasethics or pain killers.\nMany times they are put into restraining devices and cannot escape the\npain. (PETA Website).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is much commotion in the medical community now about the sanity of\nvivisection. As Dr. E.D Marshall has pointed out in the Journal of the\nAmerican Medical Association:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEven when a drug has been subjected to a complete and adequate\npharmacological investigation on several species of animals and found\nto be relatively non- toxic, it is frequently found that such a drug\nmay show unexpected toxic reactions in diseased human beings. This has\nbeen known almost since the birth of scientific pharmacology.\n(Kupsinel 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlso, Dr. Paquet, formerly doctor-inspector of the Enfants Assiste de la\nSeine has this to say about animal testing:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVivisection is useless for the study of medical science. It is also\nuseless for the study of physiology, for, if we are today cognizant of\nthe functions of the organs, it is through having treated them when\ninjured. In order to study the action of medicinal matters, would it\nfor a moment enter into the head of a serious practitioner to imagine\nthat what passes in the body of a healthy animal would be the same as\nin that of a sick person.? (Kupsinel 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany alternatives to animal experimentation are available. Numerous\ntechnologies have been discovered where animals are not being used.\nScientists are finding that these tests are efficient, effective, and\ncheap compared to animal studies, which can take years of testing, hence\ncosting taxpayers millions of dollars. (MMC 9)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs times change, many more non-animal technologies come in to the\nmarket. Of the many alternatives, a few include; non-invasive electronic\nscanning such as CAT, MRI, PET and SPECT scans, which have\nrevolutionized clinical investigations. (MMC 9) These devices allow for\nthe study on ongoing human diseases in human patients, rendering the use\nof animals obsolete. For instance, these scans have helped early\ndiagnosis and knowledge of Alzheimer\u0026rsquo;s disease, Huntington?s disease,\nand musculokeletal tumors; and have contributed much to knowledge in\nbasic science.( MMC 9) Another powerful tool is in-vitro cell and tissue\ncultures, which are beginning to replace mice in testing for\ncarcinogenic substances. The results are cheaper, and more effective and\nmore accurate. (Jasper and Nelkin 103) A third method is the use of\nmathematical models using human clinical and epidemiological data to\ngenerate and test hypotheses on various disease. (MMC 9) These new\nmethodologies and many others are becoming more and more available to\nthe medical community to help replace animal testing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe value of animal experimentation has been grossly exaggerated by the\nscientific community which has financial and other vested interests in\nit?s preservation. The billions of dollars spent yearly on animal\nresearch would be better spent humane, effective and efficient use if\nthe funds are redirected to human studies through the vast alternative\ntechnologies, clinical studies and public education on prevention\ntactics. If only humane science is embraced, healthy solutions beyond\nthe dreams of the vivisection community, are a realistic possibility.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTODO ā€¦\u003cbr\u003e\nlinks of relevance\u003cbr\u003e\nlibrary references\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Whales and Turkeys a Personal Observation", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/trevor-murdock/whales-and-turkeys-a-personal-observation/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/trevor-murdock/whales-and-turkeys-a-personal-observation/", "authors": [ { "name": "Trevor Murdock" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI was encouraged by a recent editorial denouncing whaling as cruel. I\nhave also read that 70% of Canadians agree, including such local public\nfigures as Reform MP, Gary Lunn. I wondered, though, if there is an\ninconsistency with the fact that most of us eat animals regularly. My\nfirst thought was that whales are killed in a cruel way, but that\nanimals are raised for food in a humane manner.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I asked myself if I would prefer life as a whale or a domestic\nturkey. In order to answer, I did a little digging. I found an article\nexplaining that turkeys get stunned, have their throats slit and then\nare boiled. This sounds relatively humane, but only 30% remain\nunconscious for the throat-slitting and boiling. Furthermore, in nature\nturkeys live for 15 years and need to run. For consumption, they are\nmeat machines, pumped with hormones to be slaughtered after only a few\nmonths of life. A life of packed, confined, dung littered quarters with\nmore than half dying from disease, stress, and transportation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany agree whaling is cruel, but the fact is that raising and killing\nturkeys on the massive scale we do is worse. I would certainly rather\nlive free as a whale and die a cruel death than suffer as a domestic\nturkey. I suspect other meat industries are no more humane in their\ntreatment of animals than the turkey industry. A well-researched series\nof articles on the conditions of animals in the meat industry would be\nan excellent addition to any newspaper\u0026rsquo;s columns.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost of us can do little about whaling. But, we can make a difference to\nanimal cruelty by reducing or cutting out meat and dairy. If we use our\npurchasing power this way, perhaps conditions for food animals will\nimprove in the same way consumers favouring cosmetics \u0026ldquo;not tested on\nanimals\u0026rdquo; has reduced animal cruelty in that industry.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "What About Pleasure?", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:04-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/markus/what-about-pleasure/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/markus/what-about-pleasure/", "authors": [ { "name": "Markus" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is a philosophical essay based on my own experiences and reasoning.\nIf you want to study the subject more thoroughly and from a scientific\nperspective, I suggest you look into the neurotransmitor known as\n\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dopamine\"\u003eDopamine\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt seems to me that there are two kinds of pleasure which are easily\nconfused when our wants and needs have gone haywire.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShort-term pleasure (stp), which often leads to unpleasure in the\nlong run. This is the kind of pleasure that one often submits to by\nchoice and which often lead to addictions. Some examples are:\nsmoking, drugs, junk food, toxic relationships, negative thought\npatterns, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLong-term pleasure (ltp), is something that only a very few will\nexperience because ltp demands a different mindset than the one most\nof us have been taught by our current society/culture. The pursuit\nof this pleasure might require some changes that may not seem so\npleasurable to begin with e.g. starting an exercise regimen,\novercoming addictive/destructive habits, quitting a dead-end job,\nending meaningless relationships, letting go of material belongings,\nmoving, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ultimate pleasure which eventually encompasses both stp and ltp\n(although again, perhaps not initially), starts with the process of\nbecoming a healthy, fit and ethical citizen of planet earth. In this\nstate, our minds and bodies are working optimally and we are free from\nemotional baggage. We become a powerful, loving light at one with our\nenivorenment. We can then receive the great gifts of inner peace and\nmental strength which I like to call weapons of mass creation = WMC.\nLife becomes a joy and we radiate that joy to others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo me, there is a deep logic to this idea of what I call ultimate\npleasure that rings true once enough clutter has been removed from our\noft poisoned and dumbed-down minds. The pursuit of this pleasure may\nseem like a lonely, dark and rocky road, up a steep mountain slope to\nbegin with. If we persist however, the rewards will be eventually\nreaped. We might even get to the top of the peak where the view will\nsurely be no less than astounding, if just for the rarity of such a\nsight. This empowering thought can serve as as a light when all other\nlights go out. A few great humans have taken this path and have not been\nforgotten!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore importantly, even if one never gets to the top of that mountain, I\nhave no doubt that the pleasures which the journey itself may bring e.g.\nmeeting amazing people, emotional freedom, life mastery, compassionate\nliving, meaningful work, etc will make everything worth the small price\nof committment we might initially have to pay to get going on the path.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo conclude, perhaps this could all be summed up in the following\nphrase: think of pleasure, not as a moment, but as life itself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGood luck to all who are brave enough to take the journey. See you along\nthe way or who knows, maybe even at the top!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Jesus Diet", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/abba-nazariah/the-jesus-diet/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/abba-nazariah/the-jesus-diet/", "authors": [ { "name": "Abba Nazariah" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eIn this article I will describe the Essene Fruitarian Diet practiced and\nadvocated by Jesus Christ. While it is true that Jesus only required\nbasic vegetarianism - no meat - to become a baptized disciple, it is\nalso true that he strongly encouraged those who were able and willing to\ngo on to become Essene Fruitarians.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this article I will explain what is meant by the term \u0026ldquo;Essene\nFruitarian\u0026rdquo; (it does not mean what you most likely think it means!),\nas well as provide a step-by-step program divided into three phases\nwhich makes possible a gradual transition into the more esoteric\ndimensions of this diet. I will describe the physical and spiritual\nbenefits of this diet. I will explain how you can follow this dietary\nregime in our modern world And. to make all of this as simple for you\nas possible. I end with a section devoted to daily meal plans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"essene-fruitarianism\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEssene Fruitarianism \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#essene-fruitarianism\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet us begin by establishing the fact that Jesus made vegetarianism a\nrequirement of discipleship and that he was himself a vegetarian In the\nEssene New Testament, Jesus declares:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVerily I say unto you, they who partake of benefits which are gotten by\nwronging one of God\u0026rsquo;s creatures, cannot be righteous: nor can they\nunderstand holy things, or teach the mysteries of the kingdom. whose\nhands are stained with blood or whose mouths are defiled with\nfleshā€¦.Wherefore I say unto all who desire to be my disciples, keep your\nhands from bloodshed and let no flesh meat enter your mouths.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe see above that Jesus required vegetarianism from anyone who desired\nto become his disciple. Likewise, we read in another verse from the same\nmanuscript:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA disciple of Jesus asked him a question, saying, \u0026ldquo;Master, if there come\nto us any that eat fleshā€¦ shall we receive them?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd Jesus said unto him, let such abide in the outer court till they\ncleanse themselves from these grosser evils; for till they perceive, and\nrepent of these, they are not fit to receive the higher mysteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf course, Jesus practiced what he preached; he was himself a\nvegetarian. In fact, in the following verse he describes himself not\nonly as a vegetarian, but as an \u003cem\u003eEssene Fruitarian\u003c/em\u003e. Before sharing that\nverse with you, I will briefly define the term \u003cem\u003eEssene Fruitarian\u003c/em\u003e (a\nbit later we will more fully define it). An \u003cem\u003eEssene Fruitarian\u003c/em\u003e eats\nonly the parts of a plant that can be eaten without killing the plant.\nThis includes obvious fruits such as apples and oranges, but also\nincludes anything else you can eat without killing the plant: squash,\ncorn, cucumbers, etc. We will expand on this definition soon, but let us\nnow consider the following verse in which Jesus describes himself not\nonly as a vegetarian, but as an \u003cem\u003eEssene Fruitarian\u003c/em\u003e :\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor of the fruits of the trees and the seeds of the earth alone do I\npartake, and these are changed by the Spirit into my flesh and my blood.\nOf these alone and their like shall ye eat who believe in me, and are my\ndisciples, for of these, in the Spirit, come life and health and healing\nunto man.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the above excerpt, the term \u003cem\u003e\u0026ldquo;and their like\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e refers to \u003cem\u003e\u0026ldquo;other\nsimilar vegetarian foods\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e ; but it is quite clear that though Jesus\nonly required basic vegetarianism from new disciples, he certainly\nstrongly encouraged his veteran disciples to go on to become Essene\nfruitarians. That is made clear in the following excerpt from The Essene\nNew Testament; Jesus said:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGod giveth the grains and the fruits of the earth for food; and for\nrighteous man truly there is no other lawful sustenance for the bodyā€¦.\nFor God is just and bountiful who ordaineth that man shall live by the\nfruits and seeds of the earth alone.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow a more detailed definition of the term Essene Fruitarian. We have\nalready stated that an Essene Fruitarian eats only the part of a plant\nthat can be eaten without killing the plant. Thus, not only the typical\n\u0026ldquo;fruits\u0026rdquo; can be eaten - grapefruit, grapes, figs, dates, etc. - but also\ncorn, squash, broccoli, almonds, sunflower seeds, AND ANY OTHER\nVEGETARIAN FOOD YOU CAN EAT WITHOUT KILLING THE PLANT . Lettuce can be\neaten if harvested correctly : simply pick the outer leaves of the\nlettuce, rather than uproot the plant. The lettuce will continue to grow\nmore leaves and you can continue to harvest the outer leaves every few\ndays. Eventually it will go to seed; you can harvest the seed for your\nnext planting. Even grains such as wheat can be eaten, since it is not\nnecessary to uproot the grass to harvest the grain. Although many Essene\nFruitarians will choose to be vegan (a vegan is a vegetarian who eats no\nanimal products at all, including dairy products), it is possible to eat\ndairy products on this diet since the animal is not killed and the milk\ncomes from grass that need not be uprooted. However, it is important\nthat the dairy product be from animals that are loved and well cared\nfor, and that the animals are not killed when they grow old and\nnon-productive. Jesus permitted his Essene Fruitarian disciples to have\nmilk products; but in those days that meant RAW milk from animals you or\nyour neighbors loved and cared for, as they had no cruel factory dairy\nfarms back then. And the milk would have been from sheep or goats, not\ncows. The milk of sheep and goats is far easier to digest than the milk\nof a cow. The milk you buy at a typical grocery store in modern America\nIS NOT THE MILK ENDORSED BY JESUS! Grocery store milk is not raw, is not\nfrom animals well cared for, and is not from sheep or goats. Again, one\ncan choose to be a vegan Essene Fruitarian. But in order to support my\nassertion that Jesus permitted his disciples to use RAW dairy products,\nI quote from The Essene Gospel of Peace:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWherefore, prepare and eat all fruits of trees, and all grasses of the\nfields, and all milk of beasts good for eating For all these are fed and\nripened by the fire of life; all are the gift of the angels of our\nEarthly Mother. But eat nothing to which only the fire of death gives\nsavor, for such is of Satan.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJesus\u0026rsquo; reference above to foods that are \u003cem\u003e\u0026ldquo;ripened by the fire of life\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e\nis a reference to raw foods. His reference to \u003cem\u003e\u0026ldquo;the fire of death\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e is a\nreference to cooked foods. Above, we see that he specified that not only\nmilk, but all our other Essene Fruitarian foods as well, should be raw -\nuncooked - if at all possible. Jesus\u0026rsquo; emphasis on raw food vegetarianism\nis made clear in the following excerpt from The Essene Gospel of Peace:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut I do say unto you: Kill neither men, nor beasts, nor yet the food\nwhich goes into your mouth. For if you eat living food, the same will\nquicken you, but if you kill your food, the dead food will kill you\nalso. For life comes only from life, and from death comes always death.\nFor everything which kills your foods, kills your bodies alsoā€¦.\nTherefore, eat not anything which fire, or frost, ā€¦ has destroyed I tell\nyou truly, live only by the fire of life, and prepare not your foods\nwith the fire of death.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe fact that the term \u003cem\u003e\u0026ldquo;fire of life\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e means foods heated only by the\nrays of the Sun, with no other cooking, is made clear in the following\npassage. The following passage is also significant in that Jesus gives\nhis own bread recipe! It is this recipe that gave birth to the Essene\nBread (sprouted grain breads) sold in modern health food stores, though\nthe health food stores cook with an oven rather than the Sun that Jesus\ninsisted on:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;How should we cook our daily bread without fire, Master?\u0026rdquo; asked some\nwith great astonishment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJesus replied, \u0026ldquo;Let the angels of God prepare your bread Moisten your\nwheat, that the angel of water may enter it. Then set it in the air,\nthat the angel of air also may embrace it. And leave it from morning to\nevening beneath the sun, that the angel of sunshine may descend upon it.\nAnd the blessing of the three angels will soon make the germ of life to\nsprout in your wheat, Then crush your grain, and make thin wafersā€¦. Put\nthem back again beneath the sunā€¦. And the same sun which with the fire\nof life, mode the wheat to grow and ripen, must cook your bread with the\nsame fire. For the fire of the sun gives life to the wheat, to the bread\nand to the body. But the fire of death kills the wheat, the bread and\nthe body.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen it comes to cooking with the sun, Jesus had a big advantage over\nmany of us: He lived in a desert! Personally, I live in Oregon where it\nrains much of the year, and cooking with the sun is not always possible.\nHowever, a food dehydrator will accomplish the task. You see, the reason\nJesus wants us to cook the bread in the sun rather than in an oven is\nthat he knows the living enzymes in the wheat will be killed if the\nbread is cooked at a temperature of 118 degrees or more. This is true\nnot only of wheat, but of all food: anything you cook at a temperature\nof 118 degrees or more will have its enzymes destroyed! And as Jesus\nknew 2,000 years ago and as modern science has now confirmed: ENZYMES\nARE ABSOLUTELY ESSENTIAL TO YOUR HEALTH! And besides the destruction of\nenzymes, cooking food destroys many other nutritional elements and\ncreates cancer causing toxins. BUT YOU CAN PREPARE YOUR BREAD IN A FOOD\nDEHYDRATOR AND THE LIVING ENZYMES AND NUTRIENTS WILL BE PRESERVED.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJesus has made it clear that he wants us to eat raw vegetarian foods.\nNow let us ask: WHY? We began to see in the above paragraph that health\nis one reason; let us explore that reason in more detail and then search\nfor other reasons. In his excellent book Spiritual Nutrition and the\nRainbow Diet, Gabriel Cousens, M.D., writes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe need to examine the effects of cooking on ourselves and on the food\nDuring normal cooking, enzymes are destroyed the active forms of\nvitamins and minerals are partially destroyed pesticides and fungicides\nbreak down to form toxic compounds, and there is an increase in free\nradicalsā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the physical level, all our life processes depend on the functioning\nof enzymes They are the physical agents of life, important for\ndigestion, for detoxification from internal pollution and external\necological pollution, and for maintaining our immune systems and all our\nmetabolic and regenerative processesā€¦ Dr. Howell, the pioneer of food\nenzyme work in this country, says the quantity of enzymes we have in our\nsystems is the equivalent to what we call life energy or vitality, and\nthinks of our enzyme level as indicative of our health statusā€¦ Raw\nnatural food seems to come loaded with the enzymesā€¦. when we process\nfoods by heating them above 118 degreesā€¦ there is 100 percent enzyme\ndestructionā€¦. Therefore a raw food diet can actually add enzyme energy\nand material to the system.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ most researchers indicate at least a 50 percent loss of vitamin B in\ncooked foods. Some losses, such as thiamine, can be as high as 96\npercentā€¦ Biotin losses can be up to 72 percent, folic acid up to 97\npercent, inositol up to 95 percent, vitamin C up to 70 to 80 percent\nViktoras Kulvinskas estimates that the overall nutrient destruction or\nloss of bio-availability after cooking is approximately 85 percent Along\nwith this, the Max Plank Institute for Nutritional Research in Germany\nhas found cooked proteins have only 50 percent bio-availability as\ncompared to uncooked proteins. In general, it can be said that cooking\nfoods coagulates the bioactive protein chelated mineral forms, disrupts\nRNA and DNA structure, and produces free radicals (the agents that cause\ncancer) in fats and proteinā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCooking food in these modern times has an added danger. Dr. William\nNewsome of Canada\u0026rsquo;s Department of Health and Welfare Food Research\nDivision, Bureau of Chemical Safety, found that cooked fungicided\ntomatoes had 10 to 90 times more ETU a mutagen and cancer-causing\ncompound than raw fungicided tomatoes from the same garden. He found\nthat EBDC fungicides break down under heat to form ETU He felt that the\namount of ETU in chemically treated vegetables (all types of vegetables,\nnot just tomatoes) is 50 times greater than the same vegetables served\nraw.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe above excerpt from Dr. Cousens\u0026rsquo; book demonstrates that modern\nscience has proven Jesus Christ correct in his claim that the raw\nvegetarian diet is more healthy than cooked foods. Not only do healthy\npeople become even more healthy on this diet, but sick and diseased\npeople often become well. Indeed, thousands of people have been cured of\n\u0026ldquo;incurable\u0026rdquo; diseases - including cancer - by switching to a raw food\nvegetarian diet. In his splendid book Conscious Eating, Dr. Cousens\nreports:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe use of live foods for creating health has had a strong foundation of\nmedical support in the last 100 years. One of the first clinics to adapt\na row food for health approach was the Bircher-Benner clinic started in\n1897 in Zurich, Switzerland. Its founder, the world famous Max\nBircher-Benner, MD., discovered the power of raw foods when he\nexperimented upon himself his own healing. He found that live foods\nhealed his jaundice and inability to eat. Later, he had a patient who\nwas unable to digest anything, including cooked foods, and who was\nslowly degenerating in his health. In his studies; Dr. Bircher-Benner\ndiscovered that the wise teacher, Pythagoras, who lived in 500 B.C., had\nused raw foods to heal people with poor digestion. He applied\nPythagoras\u0026rsquo; cure to the patient and he recoveredā€¦. Bircher-Benner began\nto investigate the properties of live foods and found that regardless of\nthe seriousness of the disease, the living food treatment was a powerful\nhealing approach. Based on these principles, his clinic became one of\nthe most respected healing centers in the world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the early part of this century another great physician, Max Gerson,\nMD., also discovered the healing power of live foods. First for the\nhealing of his own migraines, and then later for the supposedly\nincurable disease called lupos. He then applied this approach to every\nsort of medical disease, from clogged arteries to mental disorders. He\nbelieved that a live food and live juice diet was more than just a\nspecific cure for certain diseases. He said that eating row foods was a\nway of eating which restored the diseased body and mind\u0026rsquo;s ability to\nheal itselfā€¦ In 1928, he was even able to cure Albert Schweitzer\u0026rsquo;s wife\nof tuberculosis with this diet. Later, he put Albert Schweitzer on a raw\nfood diet for his diabetes. As a result of this, Schweitzer was cured of\ndiabetes and was able to stop using insulin. Dr. Gerson also found that\na live food diet high in potassium would restore the potassium-sodium\nbalance and improve cellular respiration as well as enhance the immune\nsystem. He began to apply this principle to the treatment of cancer with\ngreat success. This work was highlighted by his extensively documented\nbook A Cancer Therapy, Results of Fifty Cases , which he published in\n1958. His successful cancer clinic, using these live food principles, is\n(today) successfully under the direction of his daughter, Charlotte\nGerson, in Mexicoā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Danish physician, Kristine Nofi, switched to row foods to heal\nherself of breast cancer. Based on her positive experiences with herself\nand her patients, she started the successful Humlegaarden Sanatorium in\nDenmark\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Cousens goes on to describe other healers and physicians who have\nhad thousands of clients become well on the raw food vegetarian diet,\nincluding Dr. Ann Wigmore and Viktoras Kulvinskas of the famous\nHippocrates Health Institute, Dr. Paul Bragg and Dr. Norman Walker. Dr.\nBragg was as fit as a teenager when he was killed in a swimming accident\nat age 96. Dr. Walker lived to be 108. The ancient Essenes, following\nthis raw food vegetarian diet, lived to be an average age of over 100,\nmany reaching the age of 120, even though they lived in an era when most\npeople lived to be only about 45 years of age.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerhaps the greatest modern example of a healer using the raw food\nvegetarian diet to treat people with various ailments was Dr. Edmond\nBordeaux Szekely. In 1929, as a graduate student, he discovered and\ntranslated The Essene Gospel of Peace, an ancient text (we have already\nquoted from it) which includes Jesus\u0026rsquo; teachings on raw foods. Using the\nprinciples outlined by Jesus, Dr. Szekely cured many lepers at a leper\ncolony in Tahiti, then opened a health clinic in Mexico. At his clinic,\nhe conducted what he called The Great Experiment, treating 123,600\npeople over a 33 year period with the health program given by Jesus.\nApproximately 17% of the clients came with the medical diagnosis of\n\u0026ldquo;incurables\u0026rdquo;, 90% of the 123, 600 people regained full health, including\nmany of the supposedly incurable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll of the above is quite impressive. Clearly, there are amazing health\nbenefits to eating a raw, vegetarian diet. You can become a raw foodist\nand feel better and younger than you have in many years, as well as\nprevent and heal various diseases - even those considered incurable. But\nenhanced health is only one reason that Jesus advocated the raw diet.\nHis primary reason was spiritual. In fact, his advocacy of vegetarianism\nin general was primarily based on the spiritual ethic of compassion, as\nillustrated in the following passage from The Essene New Testament:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJesus, speaking of animals, said, \u0026ldquo;And whatsoever ye do unto the least\nof these my children (the animals), ye do it unto me. For I am in them,\nand they are in me. In all their joys I rejoice, in all their\nafflictions I am afflicted. Wherefore I say unto all who desire to be my\ndisciples, keep your hands from bloodshed and let no flesh meat enter\nyour mouths.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile the above passage illustrates Jesus\u0026rsquo; primary reason for not only\nraw food vegetarianism but vegetarianism in general - COMPASSION - there\nare certain spiritual advantages to raw food vegetarianism over cooked\nvegetarianism. And when raw food vegetarianism is practiced in the\ncontext of Essene Fruitarianism, the spiritual advantages are even\ngreater. I will explain.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe universe is a cosmic school system for the training and evolution of\nspiritual beings. Like all school systems, there are various levels in\nthe cosmic school system: first grade, second grade, third grade, and so\nonā€¦. We are all enrolled in the cosmic school system. When we learn the\nlessons at one level of the universe, we graduate to a higher level of\nthe universe where we will learn more advanced lessons. One of the\nsubjects we study in the cosmic school system is nutrition. We learn\nthat the process of spiritual nutrition is an ongoing, PROGRESSIVE\nASCENSION into ever-less-dense, ever-more-light, ever-less violent forms\nof diet. There are three primary spiritual reasons to give up eating the\nbodies of butchered animals:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompassion , as illustrated in the above quotation from Jesus;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced Communion with God;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo better serve God.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile cooked food vegetarianism is a big step in the right direction,\nALL THREE OF THE ABOVE LISTED SPIRITUAL REASONS FOR VEGETARIANISM ARE\nMUCH MORE FULLY ACCOMPLISHED ON A RAW FOOD ESSENE FRUITARAN DIET. Let us\nconsider the second and third reasons listed above, and then, in the\nlight of that consideration, we will return to number one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy dear Essene friend and co-worker Dr. Gabriel Cousens, whom I have\nalready liberally quoted in this article, has written by far the best\nbook on this topic, Spiritual Nutrition and The Rainbow Diet . In that\nbook he describes how the majority of people live to eat , white the\nhealth conscious minority eats to live . But he then describes an even\nhigher motivation - a spiritual motivation - for eating: ENHANCED\nCOMMUNION WITH GOD. He writes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we eat in a healthy, harmonious way, our ability to attune and\ncommune with the Divine is enhanced With this perspective, I suggest\nthat rather than \u0026rsquo;living to eat\u0026rsquo;, or \u0026rsquo;eating to live\u0026rsquo;, WE EAT TO\nINTENSIFY OUR COMMUNION WITH THE DIVINE Our hunger for the Divine then\nbecomes the overwhelming appetite.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA key to understanding the wholistic paradigm of nutrition lies in the\nconcept of what I call Subtle Organizing Energy Fields (SOEFs) ā€¦.\nHistorically and culturally the idea that the human system is organized\naround an energy pattern that determines its functioning has been with\nus for thousands of years. The Chinese science of acupuncture is based\non the subtle energy fields called meridians and the subtle energy\ncalled Chi. In India, bath the sciences of yoga and Ayurvedic medicine\nuse the word prana to describe the subtle energy of bodies and the life\nforce in other living fieldsā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy accepting the concept of the preeminance of SOEFs in both plant and\nhuman systems, we can take an expanded view of food which has body, life\nforce, and Subtle Organizing Energy Fields (SOEFs) similar to the human\nsystem. It is the dynamic interaction of these human and plant SOEFs\nthat is important in understanding the new paradigm of wholistic\nnutrition ā€¦. These SOEFs resonate with the unlimited virtual state\nenergy, transferring it through various step-down systems that\neventually transduce it into the energy fields of the human body. The\nSOEFs thus resonate with and energize the body-mind complex. Virtual\nenergy is omnipresent, thus we are always resonating to some extent with\nthis cosmic energy. Most of the time we have only indirect or brief\nexperiences of this, but at certain stages of spiritual evolution it is\npossible to experience this resonance in direct attunement, consistently\nand consciouslyā€¦ As we become more aware of and resonant with this\nvirtual energy state, our minds merge and identify with this awareness\nas the unchanging truth and the reality of our existence. The awareness\nbecomes part of our conscious awareness in our everyday activities.\nEventually, it becomes a continual awareness and attunement with the\ncosmic energy. This is known as cosmic consciousnessā€¦. If we damage the\nfunctioning of our system as an accumulator and a superconductor of\ncosmic energy by destructive diet and lifestyle, the free flow of cosmic\nenergy cannot occurā€¦. One implication of this is that without the\nstimulating forces of the raw foods, the organs of assimilation are not\nenergized or exercised and therefore begin to atrophyā€¦ when cosmic\nenergy is sufficiently condensed it arrives on our plates as food. As\nwhole, raw food it maintains its S0EF\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn other words, Dr. Cousens is saying that we will have an intensified,\nenhanced communion with the Divine if our Subtle Organizing Energy Field\n(also known as Aura ) is healthy and vibrant. He is also saying that the\nprimary food for our SOEF (Subtle Organizing Energy Field) is the SOEF\nof plants, AND THAT COOKING DESTROYS - KILLS - THE PLANT SOEF BEFORE OUR\nSOEF HAS THE OPPORTUNITY TO ASSIMILATE IT. Thus, raw foods feed our\naura, cooked foods do not, and a healthy aura intensifies and enhances\nour communion with the Divine. On a diet of cooked foods, vegetarian or\nnot, our subtle anatomy is dramatically weakened. Even before we\nmanifest obvious symptoms of physical disease, we will be cut off from\nthe more subtle levels of reality within and around us. Telepathy,\nclairvoyance, and other subtle abilities which are our birthright, will\nnot be fully experienced as a living reality. But worse yet, our\nexperience of God will become a thing of dogma and head knowledge RATHER\nTHAN A LIVING COMMUNION . Dr. Cousens goes on to devote entire chapters\nof his book to supporting each of these assertions with scientific\nevidence, as well as providing detailed descriptions of the various\naspects of our subtle anatomy, including the sheaths of the soul and the\nchakra system. He is very convincing; I suggest you read the entire\nbook. For the purpose of this article, though, we will consider Dr.\nCousens\u0026rsquo; point to have been made: A DIET OF RAW VEGETARIAN FOODS, DUE TO\nITS VITAL SUBTLE ENERGIES WHICH FEED OUR AURA, WILL ENHANCE AND\nINTENSIFY OUR DIRECT COMMUNION WITH GOD AND COSMIC CONSCIOUSNESS.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI know the above to be true because I have personally experienced it.\nAfter several years on a raw food diet, I had a profound sense of\nwalking with God ALL THE TIME , rather than just while meditating or\nhaving a peek experience. There is a big difference between merely\ntalking or thinking about God, AND ACTUALLY EXPERIENCING GOD . After\nseven years on a raw diet, I began to see auras, experience telepathy\nand clairvoyance, have past-life recall, and do out of body travel. All\nof those things are our birthright as human beings. And the most\nimportant birthright of all is to WALK WITH GOD IN PERPETUAL COMMUNION .\nSo, I know via personal experience that Dr. Cousens is correct in his\nassertion that a raw vegetarian diet will intensify our communion with\nGod for the various reasons he outlined. But I also know that there is\nanother reason - a very profound reason - that eating a raw vegetarian\ndiet enhances our communion with God: DIVINE OBEDIENCE. It is the will\nof God for humanity that we eat a raw vegetarian diet (Genesis 1:29).\nAnd whenever we are in harmony with the will of God - the laws of the\nuniverse - we experience the presence of God within and around us. And\nwhen we disobey the will of God, we create a self-imposed barrier\nbetween us and the presence of God. This is well illustrated in the\nfollowing excerpt from The Gospel of Thomas:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis disciples asked, \u0026ldquo;When will you appear again to us? When will the\nKingdom of God come so that we will again see you?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJesus answered: \u0026ldquo;When you shed your shame, and take your clothes, place\nthem on the ground and trample them underfoot like little children. Then\nyou will see the Son of the Living One, and will not be afraid\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs with most of the sayings of Jesus that appear in The Gospel of\nThomas, the meaning of the above saying is not on the surface. Rather,\none must work with the saying. One must dig deep looking for the\nmystical meaning. We will now do so, together. First, Jesus is asked a\nquestion: The Disciples want to know when he will come again (the second\ncoming of Christ), and when will come the Kingdom of God in which,\naccording to prophecy, Christ will rule on Earth. They expect an answer\nhaving to do with space and time: a geographic location (space) and a\ncertain date (time). But, as is typical in The Gospel of Thomas, Jesus\ndoes not give them the type of answer they expect; rather, he gives them\nwhat, at first glance, appears to be a bizarre answer: \u0026ldquo;When you shed\nyour shame, and take your clothes, place them on the ground and trample\nthem underfoot like little children Then you will see the Son of the\nLiving One, and will not be afraid\u0026rdquo; Upon deep reflection, Jesus\u0026rsquo; answer\nis not bizarre; it is core truth. Consider the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQUESTION: What religion were all or most of Jesus\u0026rsquo; disciples?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eANSWER: Being Jews, their religion was Judaism (even his Essene\ndisciples were connected to Judaism, as the Essenes were a mystical\nbranch of Judaism which evolved into Christianity).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQUESTION: In the scriptures used by Jews, when did human beings\n(represented by the allegorical Adam and Eve) first begin to wear\nclothes?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eANSWER: In the Garden of Eden Just before being exiled from the Garden).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQUESTION: Why did Adam and Eve begin wearing clothes?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eANSWER: Guilt. After disobeying God, Adam and Eve clothed themselves and\nattempted to hide from the presence of God. The Bible says, \u0026ldquo;Adam and\nEve heard the sound of Yahweh God walking in the garden, and they hid\nfrom Yahweh God.\u0026rdquo; They hid from God because their consciences felt\nguilty, due to their disobedience of the law of God (they ate from the\nTree of Duality - Good and Evil - rather than only from the Tree of\nLife). And one of the ways they attempted to hide themselves from God\nwas putting on clothes. They then attempted to hide behind trees and put\nother barriers between themselves and God. (The clothes and other\nbarriers represent spiritual and psychological barriers.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the light of all the above, let us again examine the response of\nJesus. He said that to see Christ and not be afraid, and to experience\nthe Kingdom of God wherein Christ rules, is not a function of space and\ntime; rather, it depends on an inner condition. And he said we will\nexperience that inner condition only when we shed our shame, take our\nclothes off and place them on the ground and trample them under our feet\nlike little children. Only then can we see Christ and \u0026ldquo;not be afraid\u0026rdquo;.\nHe spoke these words to Jews who were very familiar with the Bible story\nabout Adam and Eve first wearing clothes due to guilt from their\ndisobedience of the law of God. Thus, the deep meaning of this mystical\nsaying from The Gospel of Thomas is as follows. Human beings are capable\nof seeing Christ here and now and living in the Kingdom of God here and\nnow . To do so, is to return to the allegorical Garden of Eden wherein\nhuman beings LIVED IN COMMUNION WITH THE PRESENCE OF GOD . But to do so,\nwe must reverse the process: We must take the spiritual and\npsychological barriers we have placed between us and the presence of\nGod - symbolized by clothes - and trample them under our feet. And we\nmust return to obedience to the law of God.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat, you may ask, does this have to do with the raw food vegetarian\ndiet? Everything! Whenever we disobey the laws of God we will suffer the\nnatural consequences. The laws of God are the very laws of the universe.\nYou cannot escape the laws of the universe; they are encoded into the\nvery fabric of being. The laws of the universe are within you and all\naround you. Even if you are not aware of a particular law of the\nuniverse, you are still subject to it: you may not be aware of the law\nof gravity, but if you jump off a cliff you will experience the result\nof that law! But the situation is even worse if you are aware of a law\nof God and knowingly choose to violate it. That is worse because it\nleads to the type of guilt experienced by Adam and Eve. When we disobey\nthe will of God, we create a self-imposed barrier between ourselves and\nthe presence of God. But the beautiful thing is that the reverse is\ntrue: When we obey the laws of God (are in harmony with the laws of the\nuniverse) our communion with the divine is intensified and enhanced. THE\nLAW OF GOD FOR THE HUMAN DIET IS EXPRESSED IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS FOUND\nIN BOTH THE MAINLINE BIBLE AND THE ESSENE BIBLE:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGOD said, \u0026ldquo;I give YOU all the seed-bearing plants that are upon the\nearth, and all the trees with seed bearing fruit; this shall be your\nfood\u0026rdquo; (Genesis 1:29)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCertainly, Christian and Jewish Bible readers are familiar with this law\nof God for the human diet. But not only Christians and Jews are\nresponsible for implementing this dietary injunction; for the Bible -\nboth Essene and mainline versions - declares that God has engraved his\nlaw upon our hearts. In other words, encoded into our hearts, minds,\nconsciences, and digestive anatomy, is the dietary injunction of God.\n(In regard to digestive anatomy, there is clear proof that the human\nbeing is meant by God and Mother Nature to be vegetarian. Consider the\nevidence: meat-eating animals have an intestinal tract only three times\nthe length of their body, but vegetarian animals - and humans - have an\nintestinal tract twelve times the length of the body. Also, meat-eating\nanimals have acid saliva; vegetarian animals - and humans - have\nalkaline saliva. Meat-eating animals have no pores on their skin; they\nperspire through their tongue. But vegetarian animals - and humans -\nperspire through millions of pores on the skin. Meat-eating animals have\nsmall salivary glands; vegetarian animals - and humans - have well\ndeveloped salivary glands. Meat-eating animals have very strong\nhydrochloric acid in their stomach to digest meat; vegetarian animals -\nand humans - have 20 times less hydrochloric acid in their stomachs.)\nDeep inside, at the core of our being, we know it is wrong to murder\nanimals for food. Deep inside, we hear the voice of God saying: \u0026ldquo;I give\nyou all the seed-bearing plants upon the earth, and all the trees with\nseed-bearing fruit; this shall be your food.\u0026rdquo; If we do not hear God\nspeaking these words at the core of our being, we must GET NAKED WITH\nGOD . We must strip off all of our clothes- all self-imposed spiritual\nand psychological barriers between us and the presence of God - and\ntrample them under our feet. Then we will hear the voice of God, and\nwill not be afraid. Jesus said so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was this dietary injunction of God (Genesis 1:29) that Jesus was\nreferring to and upholding when he declared:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVerily I say unto you, for this end have I come into the world that I\nmay put away all blood offerings and the eating of the flesh of the\nbeasts and the birds that are slain by men.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the beginning, God gave to all, the fruits of the trees, and the\nseeds, and the herbs, for food; but those who loved themselves more than\nGod or their fellows, corrupted their ways, and brought diseases into\ntheir bodies, and filled the earth with lust and violence. (Essene New\nTestament)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we GET NAKED WITH GOD per Jesus\u0026rsquo; previous instructions in The\nGospel of Thomas , we hear and lovingly obey the dietary injunction of\nGod. This DIVINE OBEDIENCE leads directly to an ENHANCED COMMUNION WITH\nGOD .\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is important to note that the dietary injunction of God is not only a\ncall to vegetarianism, but a call to RAW ESSENE FRUITARIANISM . After\nall, when God spoke the words of Genesis 1:29, there was no such thing\nas ovens and even fires for cooking were not known. A vegetarian is in\npartial compliance with the dietary injunction of God and will\nexperience partial blessing and partial communion with God. A raw food\nvegetarian is in much fuller compliance and will receive much more\nblessing and much more communion with God. A raw food vegetarian who is\nalso an Essene Fruitarian (vegan version) is in full compliance with the\ndietary injunction of God and will experience a full blessing and full\ncommunion with God, unless he or she is out of harmony with God in some\nother area of life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCommunion with God is better than anything you can imagine. It is better\nthan good music. It is better than delicious food. It is better than\nsexā€¦. Communion with God is the ecstasy of the soul. It is a sort of\nPERPETUAL SPIRITUAL ORGASM . But our becoming Essene Fruitarians is not\nonly so that we can more frilly commune with God; rather, we obey the\ndietary injunction of God so that WE MAY BETTER SERVE GOD . There is\nmuch pain and suffering in the world around us. God wants love to\nreplace hate, light to replace darkness, truth to replace falsehood,\nforgiveness to replace resentment. We are the hands and feet of God on\nearth. Because we love God, we wish to serve God. And we can best serve\nGod when we are at our best. We are at our best -physically, mentally,\nemotionally, and spiritually, - on an Essene Fruitarian raw diet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile the primary spiritual reason for vegetarianism - cooked or raw -\nis COMPASSION , a raw food vegetarian is better equipped to ACT IN\nRESPONSE TO THAT COMPASSION . As explained over the course of this\narticle, there are very real physical and spiritual advantages to the\nraw diet. Those advantages translate into being better equipped to\nrespond effectively - out of compassion - to the world around us. But\nwhen it comes to compassion, THE ESSENE FRUITARIAN PATH IS FAR\nTRANSCENDENT TO BASIC RAW FOOD VEGETARIANISM. So that you may understand\nhow that is so, it is time for us to take a very deep look at Essene\nFruitarianism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst, we will look at the nuts-and-bolts of Essene Fruitarianism. We\nwill learn that there are three phases of the Essene Fruitarian diet. We\nwill examine each of those three phases. We will discuss the types of\nfoods eaten by an Essene Fruitarian, as well as describe the other\ndietary disciplines of this path such as fasting and proper food\ncombining. Then we will make clear just how, when it comes to\ncompassion, the Essene Fruitarian diet is far transcendent to basic raw\nfood vegetarianism. In the context of doing all the above, we will move\nfrom the nuts-and-bolts of this diet on up to the heavenly realms: we\nwill discuss such related esoteric topics as the Fall of Mankind,\nAngelic Ascension, Resurrection, Transmutation, and Breatharianism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have previously defined Essene Fruitarianism as the practice of\neating only the part of the plant that you can eat without killing the\nplant. By this definition, an Essene Fruitarian may eat not only the\nobvious fruits such as apples, oranges, and avocados, but also less\nobvious fruits like cucumbers, squash, and corn. Many vegetables, herbs,\nand grains can potentially be eaten without killing the plant. Even\ngreens such as lettuce, kale, and chard can potentially be eaten without\nkilling the plant, if we but harvest the outer leaves and permit the\nplant to go to seed. In the non-vegan version of this diet, even raw\nmilk can potentially be used. The key word in the above three sentences\nis \u003cem\u003e\u0026ldquo;potentially\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e. For instance, though lettuce can \u003cem\u003epotentially\u003c/em\u003e be\neaten without killing the plant, if you purchase a head of lettuce at\nthe grocery store you can be certain that the lettuce plant was uprooted\nand killed at the time of harvest. The same is true for many of the\nother foods that can potentially be eaten without killing the plant; it\nis possible to harvest certain foods without killing the plant, but\neasier and more efficient for the farmer to uproot the plant. This is\none of the chief reasons that I have developed a three phase approach to\nEssene Fruitarlanism. In PHASE ONE of Essene Fruitarianism, which can be\nconsidered the easiest or beginning phase, we are required to eat only\nfoods that can \u003cem\u003epotentially\u003c/em\u003e be eaten without killing the plant. But in\nPHASE TWO of Essene Fruitarianism, we are required to eat only foods\nthat we can reasonably assume were actually harvested without killing\nthe plant. In Phase One the key word is \u003cem\u003epotentially\u003c/em\u003e , but in Phase Two\nwe are dealing with \u003cem\u003eactuality\u003c/em\u003e. For example, in Phase One of Essene\nFruitarianism, we can eat a head of lettuce purchased at the store\nbecause, \u003cem\u003epotentially\u003c/em\u003e , lettuce can be eaten without killing the plant.\nBut we realize that in \u003cem\u003eactuality\u003c/em\u003e the farmer probably uprooted the head\nof lettuce, killing the plant. In Phase Two of Essene Fruitarianism, we\ncannot eat any food unless we can \u003cem\u003ereasonably assume\u003c/em\u003e that the food was\nactually harvested without killing the plant. Thus, Phase Two is more\ndemanding than Phase One. PHASE THREE is even more demanding. In Phase\nThree we must have \u003cem\u003eactual personal knowledge\u003c/em\u003e that the food we eat was\nharvested without killing the plant; unlike Phase Two, in Phase Three a\nreasonable assumption is no longer adequate. (What is meant by the term\n\u003cem\u003e\u0026ldquo;reasonable assumption\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e is clarified in subsequent paragraphs.) Thus\nfar I have only provided a few details about each of the three phases;\nbelow I list each phase with a full description.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"phase-one\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePhase One \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#phase-one\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePhase One allows us to make a gradual transition into Essene\nFruitarianism. All of the foods we eat must potentially be able to be\neaten without killing the plant. Because the requirement is only that we\neat foods that can potentially be eaten without causing the death of the\nplant, this permits us to get used to eating the type of foods on the\nEssene Fruitarian Phase Two diet, while still shopping at grocery stores\nwherein we have no personal knowledge of exactly how the foods were\nharvested. This is important because, due to the dead food that most\nnewcomers to Essene Fruitarianism have been eating for years, few have\nthe energy to leap directly into Phase Two. The Phase One diet is so\nvastly superior to the diets folks have been on, that it is bound to\nincrease their vitality and energy level, making an eventual transition\nto Phase Two very possible. And, in fact, many of the foods in our Phase\nOne diet probably were harvested without killing the plant, especially\nfruits.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the Phase One Essene Fruitarian Diet, we must attempt to eat mostly\norganic foods. (On the Phase Two diet, as we shall see, we are required\nto eat mostly organic, and at Phase Three we are required to eat only\norganic.) \u0026ldquo;Organic\u0026rdquo; means different things to different people; for us,\nit means that the plant was grown without pesticides, fungicides,\nchemical fertilizers, etc. in other words, we are referring to produce\nthat is free from poison!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the Phase One Essene Fruitarian Diet, a minimum of 2/3 of our food\nmust be raw (uncooked), with the goal of eventually achieving 100% raw.\n(Phase Two requires 100% raw.) It is okay to warm the food or use a\ndehydrator, as long as the temperature does not reach 118 degrees.\n(Scientific tests have shown that a few foods can handle a bit higher\ntemperature without complete enzyme death, but the general consensus\namongst raw food experts is that all foods can handle up to 118 degrees;\nthus that is the temperature we have selected as our ceiling.) Even if\nyou never achieve the goal of 100% raw, the more raw foods you eat, the\nbetter off you are.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the Phase One Essene Fruitarian Diet, we should become aware of the\nadditional requirements of Phase Two and Phase Three and begin,\nstep-by-step, to incorporate those elements as able. Essene\nFruitarianism is an ongoing pilgrimage. Some Essene Fruitarians will\nreach full compliance with Phase Two or even Phase Three this\nincarnation; others will achieve only partial compliance this lifetime.\nBut remember, even basic cooked-food vegetarianism is a great step to\nmake this lifetime; most humans won\u0026rsquo;t make that step. And the only\nrequirement to become an Essene disciple of Jesus Christ is basic\nvegetarianism. So, even if you were to only achieve compliance with\nPhase One of the Essene Fruitarian Diet, you would be at a much higher\noctave of diet than almost all of the rest of humanity, even a higher\noctave than most Essenes reach. (The majority of our membership do not\ngo much beyond basic vegetarianism, still eating mostly cooked foods.)\nBut do your best to incorporate as many elements of Phase Two and Phase\nThree as you are able, during the course of your lifetime. The first\nstep is to become aware of those additional elements; you can do that by\nstudying the paragraphs below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"phase-two\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePhase Two \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#phase-two\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn Phase Two of the Essene Fruitarian diet, we are required to eat only\nfoods that we can reasonably assume were actually harvested without\nkilling the plant. At the grocery store, there are many foods we can\n\u003cem\u003eassume\u003c/em\u003e were harvested without killing the plant: all the fruits and\nnuts that grow on trees, various varieties of squash cucumbers, melons,\ngrains, etc. Obviously a farmer does not cut the tree down alter\nharvesting nuts or fruits; and the other plants listed above - and many\nnot listed - have essentially run their life cycle and are withering\naway by the time their last crop is harvested. The farmer will not\nlikely uproot them prior to their ending their cycle of productivity,\nwhich is when many non-perennials whither and die anyway, naturally.\nGranted, the only way to be absolutely certain that the plant is not\nkilled before its natural time would be to grow it yourself or\npersonally know the person who did grow it. On Phase Three of the Essene\nFruitarian diet, that is exactly what is demanded. However, on the less\ndemanding Phase Two, all that is required is a reasonable assumption\nthat the food was harvested without killing the plant. We can reasonably\nassume that the sorts of foods listed above - foods that would typically\nbe harvested without killing the plant - have actually been so\nharvested. That assumption is good enough for Phase Two, but not good\nenough for Phase Three, as we will see when we describe Phase Three in\ndepth. We can never reasonably assume that grocery store lettuce was\nharvested without uprooting and killing the lettuce plant; that\nassumption would be contrary to what is typical on a farm. Thus, while\nwe could eat grocery store lettuce on Phase One, we can no longer do so\non Phase Two. Which is why we encourage all Phase Two Essene Fruitarians\nto grow as much of their own food as possible, especially greens such as\nlettuce.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the Phase Two Essene Fruitarian Diet, we are required to eat mostly\norganic foods. By \u0026ldquo;mostly\u0026rdquo; we mean \u0026ldquo;whenever possible\u0026rdquo;. In other words,\nwe must always make a sincere effort to buy organic, whenever organic is\navailable. (At the more demanding level of Phase Three, we are required\nto always eat organic; which may mean moving to an area where organic\nfood is always available.) Although organic produce is usually more\nexpensive (unless you grow it yourself), it is worth the extra money.\nConsider the following information from Why Panic? Eat Organic!!, a book\nby Beau Loveglo:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe benefits discovered by scientific research show many advantages of\norganic over nonorganic, chemically grown foods. They include more\nusable protein, more vitamin C, more fiber, more trace minerals, and\nless nitrates and other carcinogens. A study showed higher amounts of\nusable protein in organic crops; 50% more protein in many cases.\nChemically grown foods have been shown to have less vitamin C (as\nlittle as half as much), low levels of which have been implicated in\nhealth problems ranging from mental disorders and cancer, to colds and\nless effective protein and mineral utilizationā€¦. Organically grown\nfoods have been shown to consist of a higher fiber content Fiber is\nconsidered a nutrient because of its ability to cleanse the intestinal\ntract, taking with it bile acids that prevent the absorption of\nimportant proteins, vitamins and minerals. ā€¦ Greater absorption of\nprotein (tryptophan) and vitamins (B1, B3, B6, and C) produces a\nbrain-chemical (serotonin) that lowers the hunger drive (via the\nhypothalamus). The body receives more nutrition with organic foods,\nand thus requires, and therefore craves, less. (For those overweight,\norganic food is good news) The use of chemical fertilizers,\npesticides, fungicides and so on has also been found to create a\nhigher pH (alkalinity) in the soil; which prevents the absorption of\nsoil nutrients, particularly sulfur and trace minerals, by the\nvegetation. Trace minerals are important for many reasons; one is\naiding the electrical and biochemical activities of the body and mind.\nStudies on the importance of selenium and iron are good examples of\nthe importance of such trace minerals. Studies have shown that areas\nwith low selenium levels in the soil also had higher cancer rates.\nIron too is less available in the non-organic foods we eat when the\nbody is deprived of the necessary supply of iron, a condition is\ncreated whereby lead or cadmium is absorbed both of which are toxic in\nsmall amounts, leading to mental and physical disabilitiesā€¦. Iron and\nother trace minerals are important for regulating brain functions, and\na deficiency in such always impairs mental and physical functions.\nTypically chemical growing methods only consider the 8 minerals\nessential to plant growth. But humans need at the very least, 27\nmineralsā€¦. Chemical fertilizers also result in the presence of higher\nlevels of nitrates and nitrites in foods, both of which are cancer\ncausing, as well as toxic. They also deplete the body\u0026rsquo;s utilization of\nvitamin A, a necessary nutrient which aids in the functioning of the\nliver, pancreas, adrenal glands, eyes, mucous membranes and so onā€¦.\nFoods grown by non-organic methods, using chemical fertilizers,\npesticides, and other artificial substances, have been shown to\ncontain noticeable levels of toxic residues in 50% of all such\nproduce. Much of the commercial produce sold today, such as garlic,\nonions, potatoes and grains, has been stored for several years. Other\ntypes of produce are stored for many months. The concerns heighten\nwhen one realizes that stored foods such as these linger amongst, and\nare fumigated with, dangerous pesticides when storedā€¦ It\u0026rsquo;s not\nsurprising that foods are tested for toxic residues before they are\nstored since afterward they may permeate the food more so!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter reading the above, do you have any doubt that it is worth paying\nmore money for organic produce? Just think of all the money you will\nsave in future medical bills! And because your body and mind will be\nworking so much better, you will be able to earn more income - doing\ncreative things that you brainstorm! Anyway, on Phase Two of the Essene\nFruitarian Diet, we are required to eat mostly organic foods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the Phase Two Essene Fruitarian Diet, we are required to eat 100%\nraw. This includes the ingredients in our salad dressing. This includes\nour seasonings. This includes our beverages. At this level, WE EAT 100%\nRAW, with no compromises.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the Phase Two Essene Fruitarian Diet, we are required to implement\nJesus\u0026rsquo; instructions to fast one day per week. In The Essene Gospel of\nPeace, Jesus declares:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd for get not that every seventh day is holy and consecrated to God.\nOn six days feed your body with the gifts of the Earthly Mother, but\non the seventh day sanctify your body for your Heavenly Father. On the\nseventh day eat not any earthly food, but live only on the words of\nGod, and be all the day with the angels of the Lord in the kingdom of\nthe Heavenly Father. And on the seventh day let the angels of God\nbuild the kingdom of the heavens in your body, as you labor for six\ndays in the kingdom of the Earthly Mother. And let not food trouble\nthe work of the angels in your body throughout the seventh day. And\nGod will give you long 1ife upon earth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile Jesus is likely referring to a water fast, on Phase Two we are\nrequired merely to abstain from solid food one day per week; raw juice\nis permitted. (At the level of Phase Three, the requirement will be a\none day water fast, no juice permitted.) In regard to the term \u0026ldquo;one\nday\u0026rdquo;, Jesus is referring to the ancient Hebrew way of calculating a day:\neach day begins at sunset and ends at the next sunset. For instance, the\nday which begins at sunset on Monday evening, ends at sunset on Tuesday\nevening. In regard to the term \u0026ldquo;the seventh day\u0026rdquo;, Jesus is referring to\nthe Jewish Sabbath: Friday evening (sunset) to Saturday evening\n(sunset). Thus, the one day fast that Jesus was describing would begin\nat sunset on Friday evening and would end at Sunset on Saturday evening.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the Phase Two Essene Fruitarian Diet, we are required to become aware\nof and attempt to implement, proper food combining. (Although proper\nfood combining was not mentioned at Phase One, it was stated that all\nPhase One Essene Fruitarians are expected to become aware of the\nadditional requirements of Phase Two and Phase Three, and to implement\nas many of those requirements as able. Proper food combining is a\ndiscipline that even Phase One Essene Fruitarians should seek to\nimplement. But at the level of Phase Two, awareness of proper food\ncombining becomes a requirement.) In regard to proper food combining,\nJesus, in The Essene Gospel of Peace, says:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd desire not to devour all things which you see around you. For I\ntell you truly if you mix together all sorts of food in your body,\nthen the peace of your body will cease, and endless war will rage in\nyou.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd we can be certain that this war in your belly will include plenty of\nheavy artillery! In other words, GAS! There are many good books on\nvegetarianism and raw foods that include handy charts which illustrate\nproper food combining. Some general guidelines are:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDo not combine protein foods with fruits or starches. You can combine\nprotein foods with most vegetables.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou can combine starches with vegetables.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDo not combine starches with fruits.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDo not combine acid fruits with sweet fruits.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsult a food combining chart for full details.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the Phase Two Essene Fruitarian Diet, we are required to make every\neffort to obey Jesus\u0026rsquo; admonition not to overeat. In fact, Jesus calls on\nus to undereat. In The Essene Gospel of Peace, Jesus instructs:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd when you eat, never eat unto fulness. Flee the temptations of\nSatan, and listen to the voice of God\u0026rsquo;s angels. For Satan and his\npower tempt you always to eat more and more. But live by the spirit,\nand resist the desires of the bodyā€¦. So give heed to how much you have\neaten when your body is sated and always eat less by a thirdā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Phase Two Essene Fruitarian should make every effort to obey the\nabove. Rather than eat until feeling sated, eat less by a third. As hard\nas that may seem, recent scientific studies have shown that under-eating\nincreases longevity - as long as all of the essential nutrients are\nincluded in the diet. And your mind will be much clearer for spiritual\nactivities such as meditation. Let us now examine the more demanding\ndisciplines of Phase Three Essene Fruitarianism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"phase-three\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePhase Three \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#phase-three\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is not practical to attempt to fully embrace Phase Three while living\na normal American lifestyle. Phase Three is definitely not for the\nnormal American - or normal earthling; rather, one must be very abnormal\nto practice such a demanding diet. Of course, in a world in which murder\nand mayhem are normal occurrences every day in big cities and eating the\nbody of a dead cow is considered normal some of us earthlings -\nespecially us Essenes - aspire to such abnormality! IN FACT, SUCH\nABNORMALITY IS OUR GOAL! (Do you really want to be considered normal in\nthe midst of a group-consciousness insane asylum?) The first Christians\nhumorously referred to themselves as \u003cem\u003e\u0026ldquo;fools for Christ\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e because, by\nfollowing Jesus\u0026rsquo; radical teachings - including Essene Fruitarianism -\nTHEY CERTAINLY APPEARED TO BE FOOLS, in the eyes of the \u003cem\u003e\u0026ldquo;normal\npeople\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e. So, you should only read this section on Phase Three of Essene\nFruitarianism if you suspect that you may be a fool, or at least a bit\nabnormal!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the Phase Three Essene Fruitarian Diet, we are required to \u003cem\u003eactually\nknow\u003c/em\u003e that the food we eat was harvested without killing the plant. On\nPhase Two, we were permitted to make a reasonable assumption. The only\nreasonable assumption that is sure enough to meet the stricter criteria\nof Phase Three is in regard to tree-grown fruits and nuts; we know those\nare harvested without uprooting the tree. But other than tree-grown\nfruits and nuts, we must have actual personal knowledge that each food\nitem we eat was harvested without killing the plant. Clearly, this means\nthat most Phase Three Essene Fruitarians must be involved in growing\nmuch of their own food. Just as clearly, most will live in an area where\norganic farms are prevalent and can be personally visited, even if this\nmeans moving. I know from personal experience, local organic farmers are\nusually very happy to let you harvest your own produce and pay them on\nthe spot. They are also usually quite willing to tell you which of their\ncrops are harvested without killing the plant. (Our goal, as explained\nin our discussion of Phase Two, is that each plant be permitted to at\nleast reach the point in its natural life-cycle that it has gone to seed\nand begun to wither; at that point, its seed can be harvested and it can\nbe uprooted. The seed can be planted; thus, the uprooted plant may be\nreborn. Before going on to describe the other requirements of Phase\nThree Essene Fruitarianism, I think an explanation is needed in regard\nto WHY we would care if a plant were uprooted and killed. Most readers\nwill assume - correctly - that it has something to do with our\npreviously described motives of compassion and enhanced communion with\nGod. But most readers will not fully grasp the dimension of our motives\nwithout some further explanation. This explanation will lead us into a\ndiscussion of such esoteric topics as The Fall of Mankind, Angelic\nAscension, Resurrection, and Breatharianism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEssenes use ancient scriptures which describe a time when human beings\nwere radiant beings of light, without dense physical bodies, existing on\nsubtle energies such as air and light WITHOUT THE NEED FOR DENSE FOOD.\nThese beings lived in a heavenly realm which vibrated, like they did, at\na much faster vibratory frequency than our current physical universe and\nplanet earth. Due to disobedience (lack of harmony) to the laws of that\nrealm, some of those beings fell into a dense realm - and dense bodies -\nof a much slower vibratory frequency. But they were told by Christ that,\nas an act of mercy, he would incarnate into their dense physical realm\nAND TEACH THEM AND THEIR FUTURE CHILDREN THE WAY TO RETURN TO THE\nHEAVENLY REALM. In fact, this entire story appears in the most ancient\nversion of the Adam and Eve story. I will share excerpts from that\nancient manuscript with you, but first, a bit of background information.\nAlthough this version of the Adam and Eve story is more ancient than the\nversion in the mainline Bible and provides much more detail, it does not\ncontradict the Bible story. Rather, it illuminates the Bible version.\nOne scholar, Dr. J.J. Hurtak, in his book The Scrolls of Adam and Eve,\nstates:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Scrolls of Adam and Eve are scrolls which convey a fuller\nexposition to the first chapters of the Scroll of Genesis. They do not\ncontradict the biblical scroll but, rather, bring to light a more in\ndepth explanation of the origin of Adam and Eve and how the drama of\nthe \u0026lsquo;Fall\u0026rsquo; came about.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother scholar, Dr. Ruthefford Platt, in his introduction to this most\nancient version of the Adam and Eve story published in The Forgotten\nBooks of Eden, writes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePresent day controversy that rages around the authenticity of the\nscriptures and how human life began on this planet must pause to\nconsider the Adam and Eve story. Where does it come from? What does it\nmean? The familiar version in Genesis is not the source of this\nfundamental legendā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe version which we give here is the work of unknown Egyptians. Parts\nof this version are found in the Talmud, the Koran, and elsewhere,\nshowing what a vital role it played in the original literature of\nhuman wisdom.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is important to realize that not only this most ancient version of\nthe Adam and Eve story, but all versions of the story, use the names\n\u0026ldquo;Adam\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;Eve\u0026rdquo; in a symbolic way: \u0026ldquo;Adam\u0026rdquo; represents the male human\narchetype; \u0026ldquo;Eve\u0026rdquo; represents the female human archetype. Thus, Adam and\nEve are simply male and female archetypes of our species; they symbolize\nall of our ancient ancestors. We could just as well refer to them as\n\u0026ldquo;Man\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;Woman\u0026rdquo;. With this understood, I will now share with you some\nsignificant excerpts from this most ancient version of the Adam and Eve\nstory. Again, this is a more ancient version than is found on the pages\nof the mainline Bible. We pick up the story just alter Adam and Eve have\nfallen out of the Paradise of Light (heavenly realm) into the Dark Cave\n(dense physical realm). They are sorry and amazed that now they must eat\nphysical food and drink water, whereas in the Paradise of Light they had\nno need to eat or drink:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd Adam said \u0026ldquo;Oh God while we were in the Paradise of Light, we did not\nrequire to drink this water; but since we came to this physical realm,\nwe cannot do without it\u0026rdquo; Then God said to Adam, \u0026ldquo;while you were in\nobedience to my laws you were a bright angel; you had no need for this\nwater. But after you disobeyed my laws and fell from the Paradise of\nLight into this cave of Darkness, you must drink this water; for your\nbody is now like that of a beast\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen God looked upon Adam and saw his weeping and groaning and said\nunto him: \u0026ldquo;Oh Adam, when you were in my Paradise of Light, you knew\nneither eating nor drinkingā€¦ neither had you need of sleep. But now\nthat you have fallen into this realm, all these trials have come upon\nyouā€¦.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen God commanded an Angel of Light to give to Adam and Eve some figs\nto feed their beastly bodies. The angel obeyed and brought two figs\nfrom the same trees that Adam and Eve had hidden behind when first\nthey had separated themselves from God and had attempted to hide\nthemselves from the presence of God. The angel had to throw the figs\nto Adam and Eve from a great distance, for their animal bodies would\nbe burned as by fire were they to come close to the Light Body of the\nAngel. Then Adam drew near and took one fig, and Eve also came and\ntook the other. And as they picked them up, they looked at them, and\nknew that they were from the trees amongst which they had hidden\nthemselves from God.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen Adam said to Eve, \u0026ldquo;These figs are from the trees behind which we\nattempted to hide from the presence of God when we lost our bright\nnature of light. We know not what misery may come upon us by eating\nthis solid food. Therefore, let us restrain ourselves and not eat\nthem; let us instead ask God to let us eat from The Tree of Life.\u0026rdquo; And\nthey called out to God with their request And God said \u0026ldquo;Oh Adam and\nEve, when the time is ripe I will send the Christ into the realm you\nnow occupy, and he will give you and your children the fruit of the\nTree of Life. And when you eat from the Tree of Life, only then will\nyou be restored to your bright nature. Now, I give to you the fruit of\nthe trees to eat, including the figs from the frees you did hide\namongst For your animal body cannot now be without earthly food to\nstrengthen itā€¦.\u0026rdquo; And Adam and Eve sat in their dark cave, weeping\nbecause of the alteration in their nature. And they both knew that\nthey were altered beings, and that they could not now live in the\nParadise of Light; for any bodies that require food and drink for\ntheir existence cannot live in that Paradise.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe above is the most ancient account of the first fall of Adam and Eve\n(archetype humanity). That first fall was from a heavenly realm wherein\nno dense food was eaten, to a physical realm in which food was required.\nIt is at that time - the time of coming into physical bodies - that God\ngave the dietary law for human beings on planet earth: the Essene\nFruitarian diet of Genesis 1:29:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGod said \u0026ldquo;I give you all the seed-bearing plants that are upon the\nearth, and all the trees with seed-bearing fruit,\u0026rsquo; this shall be your\nfood.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnfortunately, humanity did not obey this law for long. For soon,\nmankind began to kill and eat animals. THE FALL INTO THE FLESH DIET WAS\nTHE SECOND FALL OF MANKIND, the first having been the fall into the\nphysical realm. The second fall of mankind - the fall into a flesh\ndiet - is described in the following excerpt from The Covenant of Love\n(a version of The New Testament reconstructed with help from the Dead\nSea Scrolls):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd God said unto man: \u0026ldquo;Behold I have given you every herb bearing\nseed and every tree in the garden bearing fruitā€¦ to you it shall be\nfor meatā€¦.\u0026rdquo; But alas!ā€¦. The will of God was no longer obeyed Divine\nprinciples were overcome by sensual desiresā€¦. The most sacred of\ntrusts of all time was annulled by the lusts of the appetite, and the\nblood of an innocent creature stained the hands of man.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Tree of Life was rent with pain. Its leaves hung limp in sorrowā€¦.\nFear and foreboding grasped the heart of every living creature. The\nbold became vicious and the meek fled in terror, and the carcasses of\ndead beasts became the abomination of carnal appetiteā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFarther and farther man strayed from the truth of God. More and more\ndid his power of choice become dominated by greeds and lusts. Weaker\nand weaker became his will to resist the cravings of the senses.\nGreater and greater grew the separation between the way of God and the\nway of man. And the True Light was obscured by the denseness of man\u0026rsquo;s\nown maleficent designs, and he no longer recognized the Divine\nPresence. Man thereafter began to invent his own God or Godsā€¦. They\nspilled the blood of virgins, of children, and of the gentle lamb and\nthe faithful ox upon the temple altars to satisfy a lustful God.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the light of the above, it can be clearly seen that Essene\nFruitarianism is an effort to reverse the second fall of mankind, the\nfall from the fruitarian diet to the flesh diet. Phase Three of Essene\nFruitarianism is a full return to the pre-second fall diet, while phases\none and two are transitional steps. But the process does not end here.\nThe ultimate goal of a Phase Three Essene Fruitarian is to reverse even\nthe first fall: TO BECOME AN ANGELIC BEING THAT EATS NO BODY-PARTS OF\nANY OTHER LIVING ENTITIES, INCLUDING PLANTS. Most will not achieve that\nultimate goal this incarnation; but we know that our progress this\nlifetime will follow us into our next incarnation. (Essene theology\nincludes the doctrine of reincarnation, with the goal of eventually\ntranscending the need to reincarnate. We transcend the need to\nreincarnate - (the \u0026ldquo;wheel of birth and death\u0026rdquo;) when we reverse the first\nfall and become angelic beings. Jesus declares that what we do this\nlifetime, does in fact follow us into our next incarnation; in The\nEssene New Testament we read:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd as they have sown in one life, so shall they reap in another.\nJesus said \u0026ldquo;The soul is purified through many births and experiencesā€¦.\nAs all creatures come forth from the unseen into this world so they\nreturn to the unseen, and so will they come again till they be\npurifiedā€¦.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn The Book of Thomas the Contender, Jesus confirms that as long as we\ndevour the bodies of other creatures, our bodies must die also:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese physical bodies survive by devouring the bodies of other\ncreatures; the result is that these bodies are impermanent. These\nbodies will decay and perish, for they are bestial.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePhase Three Essene Fruitarians choose to be \u0026ldquo;fools\u0026rdquo; in the eyes of the\nbestial world in order to get closer to our goal of not eating the\nbodies of any other life forms. In short, we intuit a higher level of\nexistence in which beings do not eat the bodies of other beings in order\nto sustain themselves. Not eating the bodies of animals is a step in\nthat direction. Essene Fruitarianism is a further step in that\ndirection. But the ultimate step is to not eat the body of any living\nentity, including plants. To achieve that goal is to experience ANGELIC\nASCENSION, as described by Jesus in The Essene New Testament:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs Jesus sat to the west of the Temple with his disciples, behold,\nthere passed some men carrying a dead man to buried And a man asked\nJesus, \u0026ldquo;Master, if man die, shall he live again?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd Jesus replied, \u0026ldquo;I am the resurrection and the lifeā€¦. As in Adam\nall die, so in the Christ shall all be made alive. Blessed are the\ndead who die in me, and are made perfect in my image and likeness, for\nthey rest from their labors and their good works do follow them. They\nhave overcome evil, and live in the Heavenly realms of God. They need\nnot leave the heavenly realms, for they have found the peace of Godā€¦.\nOver them the repeated death and birth have no power, the wheel of\nbirth and death revolves no more, for they have attained the heavenly\nrealmsā€¦.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;They shall be as the angels of God in Heaven and die no more, neither\nneed they be born anymore, for death and birth have no more dominion\nover them.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn other words, once we reach that level of evolution we will have\nangelic bodies that never die. We will have reversed the second fall. We\nwill have experienced ANGELIC ASCENSION. Above, Jesus makes clear that\nthis angelic ascension is experienced by those that take on his \u0026ldquo;image\nand likeness\u0026rdquo;. And that is accomplished by following his teachings,\nincluding, but not limited to, his dietary instructions. In the passage\nquoted above, Jesus referred to himself as the \u0026ldquo;resurrection\u0026rdquo;. He means\nthat he came to earth to be a pattern for us; if we follow the pattern,\nWE TAKE ON HIS IMAGE AND LIKENESS AND EXPERIENCE THE RESURRECTION. In\nThe Gospel of Phillip, we learn that we must work to experience the\nresurrection now, while we have an opportunity:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdam ate from the tree which bore animals. He became an animal and\nbrought forth animalsā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose who say they will die first and then rise are in error. If they\ndo not receive the resurrection while they live, when they die they\nwill receive nothing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlthough we must take seriously the command to follow Jesus in the\nresurrection now, this lifetime, and though he has made clear that our\neventual goal is to reverse even the first fall by becoming angels in\nheaven that eat no other life forms, HE EXPECTS AND REQUIRES ONLY THE\nFOLLOWING DIETARY PROGRESS TO OCCUR THIS LIFETIME:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWe must become vegetarians to enter his fold of disciples;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOur task after achieving vegetarianism is to work toward achieving\nthe level of Essene Fruitarianism. In other words, our main task for\nthis incarnation is to reverse the second fall - the fall from\nEssene Fruitarianism into flesh eating. Jesus never says in any of\nthe ancient literature that he expects us to reverse the first fall\nthis incarnation, only the second fall. But he does make clear that\nthe reversal of the first fall is our ultimate goal, and that we\nwill not achieve angelhood until then. Until then, we reincarnate.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, there is fascinating evidence that some human beings - albeit a\nsmall minority -are in fact close to reversing even the first fall.\nThese individuals were probably advanced fruitarians in their previous\nlives, and so are now ready for the next stage in human evolution. I am\ngoing to share the information I have about these rare individuals with\nyou, but first some words of caution: The journey of a thousand miles\nbegins with a single step! Do not try and take several steps in dietary\nevolution all at once or you may fall flat on your face! (Seriously,\nthis is why Jesus permits vegetables and even raw milk: he doesn\u0026rsquo;t want\nyou to go too fast and lose your teeth and hair - as some have done.)\nNow that you have been warned not to prematurely emulate these rare\nindividuals, I will share their fascinating stories.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy dear friend and fellow Essene teacher, Viktoras Kulvinskas, in his\nclassic book Survival Into The 21st Century, provides the following\nexcerpt from an article that appeared in the London Chronicle newspaper:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA woman of 50, who looks like she is 30, claimed yesterday that sheā€¦\nhas beaten old age, and expects to live at least 150 years. She has\nset out to do it by giving up food. Twenty years ago she ate three\nnormal meals a day. Slowly for 12 years she reduced her eating until\nshe was keeping fit on one meal a day of grass, chickweed, clover,\ndandelion and an occasional glass of fruit juice. Five years ago she\nswitched entirely to juices and raw tomatoes, oranges, grasses and\nherbs. Now she drinks nothing but a glass of water flavored with a few\ndrops of lemon juice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe says, \u0026ldquo;There is much more in sunlight and air than can be seen\nwith the naked eye or with scientific instruments The secret is to\nfind the way to absorb that extra - that cosmic radiation - and turn\nit into food.\u0026rdquo; Each year she goes to Switzerland for the better air\nand climbs mountains on a diet of water from the streams. \u0026ldquo;You see\u0026rdquo;,\nshe explains, \u0026ldquo;my body cells and blood have changed considerably in\ncomposition. I\u0026rsquo;m impervious to heat, hunger or fatigue. Winter or\nSummer, even in Switzerland, I wear only a short sleeved jumper and\nskirt. In cold weather people stare at me. while they shiver in furs,\nI am warm. I\u0026rsquo;m as strong as a man, and need only three hours sleep for\nmental relaxation. As my body is free of toxins, I\u0026rsquo;m never ill. I had\nto advance slowly from vegetarianism to uncooked fruit and then to\nliquid. Now I\u0026rsquo;m working toward cosmic food (Air). I\u0026rsquo;ve passed the\neating stage and could not eat if desired as my alimentary canal has\nchanged considerably. It is no longer a filthy tube and is unable to\nhandle any fiber. Instead of thinking my life will end in ten years,\nI\u0026rsquo;m growing younger.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is important to note that Barbara Moore, M.D., the woman described in\nthe above excerpt, made her amazing transition over a many year period.\nKeep that in mind! Also in Survival Into The 21st Century, Viktoras\nKulvinskas provides an excerpt from a book by Dr. Morris Krok, written\nin 1961, titled Conquest of Disease. In that excerpt, Dr. Krok\nreproduces part of a speech given by Dr. J. Moore:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy experimenting on myself I\u0026rsquo;ve found that neither energy nor body\nheat comes from food. It\u0026rsquo;s a fact, paradoxical, yet true, that I spent\nthree months in the mountains of Switzerland and Italy eating nothing\nbut snow and drinking only snow water. I was climbing mountains daily,\nnot just fasting and sitting down reading a book or gazing at the sky.\nNo, I was hiking daily from my hotel to the mountains, often 15 miles,\nclimbing up to seven or eight thousand feet, then coming down and\nwalking another 15 to 20 miles to my hotel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen I discovered this I went a step further. I wanted to see whether\nI could live without food at all not for two or three months, but for\na longer period I found this also possible, but not quite on an\nordinary level as it were. I can do that in the mountains, but it is\nmore difficult when I come down to an ordinary level. I find the air\nis different. I hope in time to live entirely on air.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eViktoras then briefly reports on a number of Breatharians:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMarie Frutner, a Bavarian girl who lived on water without food for 40\nyears, was under observation for a time in Munich in 1835ā€¦. Dr T. Y.\nYan gave the following report on Yand Mel age 20, who hasn\u0026rsquo;t eaten for\nthe last 9 years: She shows no signs of starvation, leads perfectly\nnormal life except having lost her desire for food. Her alimentary\ntract has become dormant and rudimentary; she takes no waterā€¦.\nCaribala Dasi, has been living for the past 40 years without taking\nfood or waterā€¦. Dhanalak Shumi of Marcara, India, age 18, for over a\nyear took no food or waterā€¦. Teresa Avila, Bavarian peasant, born\n1898, has taken no food no water and no sleep since 1926, she is not\nthin or sickly, works in her garden, and is described as one of the\nhappiest personsā€¦. Giri Bala, Bahar, West Bengal, now over 70 years,\nhas taken no food or fluid since she was 12. She has never been sick,\nis an expert at yoga, is always happy, looks like a child does normal\nhousework, has no bodily excretions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs previously stated, Jesus only requires that one become vegetarian in\norder to become his disciple. That is a partial reversal of the second\nfall of mankind, and a satisfactory step for this lifetime. As\nvegetarians, at least we do not murder and eat animals. But Jesus\u0026rsquo; hope\nis that we will go on to become Essene Fruitarians and completely\nreverse the second fall, by returning to the diet of Genesis 1:29. By\ndoing so, we are preparing ourselves to eventually reverse even the\nfirst fall of mankind and return to residence in heavenly realms in\nwhich beings do not eat the bodies of other beings, - not even the\nbodies of plants. While that is our goal, most of us will not achieve\nthat this lifetime. But if we reverse the second fall this lifetime, -\nby becoming Essene Fruitarians - maybe we can reverse the first fall in\nour next lifetime! After all, the above examples demonstrate that\nBreatharianism is possible even on planet earth! (In the heavenly realms\nwe will be Lovearians, depending on no outside fuel - not even air - to\nsustain us. We will be fueled by love, which, the more you put out, the\nmore you have.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEssene Fruitarians do not want to kill anything, because we love\neverything. We don\u0026rsquo;t even want to kill plants. Hey, we don\u0026rsquo;t even want\nto kill insects or bacteria, which is why we are headed for the heavenly\nrealms wherein we will have angelic bodies of light that require no\nkilling of anything. We are foolsā€¦ for Christ! While we believe our\ndietary path is healthy, we realize it is not without risk. We willingly\ntake the risk of departing from mainline dietary practice because we are\ntired of being killers. We want to become lovers. To truly become\nlovers, we must mutate. Transmutation is our prayer. Angelic ascension\nis our answer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePhase Three of Essene Fruitarianism is mature Essene Fruitarianism. We\nhave already stated that it is not practical to attempt to frilly\nembrace Phase Three while living a normal modern lifestyle. We have also\nstated that, at the level of Phase Three, we are required to actually\nknow that the food we eat was harvested without killing the plant. You\nwill recall that at the level of Phase Two we were permitted to make a\nreasonable assumption that our food was harvested without killing the\nplant. But the only reasonable assumption that is sure enough to meet\nthe stricter criteria of Phase Three is in regard to tree-grown fruits\nand nuts; we know those are harvested without uprooting the tree. But\nother than tree-grown fruits and nuts, we must have actual personal\nknowledge that each food item we eat was harvested without killing the\nplant. As pointed out previously, this means that most Phase Three\nEssene Fruitarians must be involved in growing much of their own food.\nAlso, most will live in an area where organic farms are prevalent and\ncan be personally visited, even if this means moving. Having reminded\nyou about the things we said about Phase Three several pages ago- before\nwe went on our long excursion into esoteric topics such as the Fall of\nMankind and Breatharianism -we will now consider the other requirements\nof Phase Three of Essene Fruitananism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhereas at Phase Two we are required to eat mostly organic, at Phase\nThree of Essene Fruitarianism we are required to always eat organic. As\nwith the situation described in the above paragraph, this requires\nliving in an area where organic farms are prevalent and, best of all,\ngrowing much of your own food. Again, as described above, this may mean\nmoving. The optimum situation would be to live in an Essene intentional\ncommunity that specializes in growing organic produce. (Essene Church of\nChrist, of which I am the founder, has just established the first of\nwhat we hope will be a global network of such Essene farm communities.\nWe have established the first community in Arizona, and are now\nattempting to establish one in Oregon near our headquarters. Contact me\nif interested in more information on this project.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs with Phase Two, Phase Three of Essene Fruitarianism is 100% raw. But\nat Phase Three we add the requirement that the food be VERY FRESH.\nObviously, this is always a good idea, even at Phase One and Phase Two;\nbut at Phase Three it is REQUIRED. In The Essene Gospel of Peace, Jesus\ndeclares:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eForā€¦ frozen and rotted foods willā€¦ freeze and rot your body alsoā€¦.\nFrom the coming of the month of Ijar, eat barley; from the month of\nSivan, eat wheat, the most perfect of all seed-bearing herbsā€¦. And\nfrom Tammuz, eat the sour grape, that your body may diminish and Satan\nmay depart from it. In the month of Elul gather the grape that the\njuice may serve you as drink. In the month of Marchesvan, gather the\nsweet grape, dried and sweetened by the angel of sun, that your bodies\nmay increase, for the angels of the Lord dwell in them. You should eat\nfigs rich in juice the months of Ab and Shebatā€¦ And the herbs which\ncome after rain, these eat in the month of Thebet, that your blood may\nbe cleansed of all your sins. And in the same month begin to eat also\nthe milk of your beasts, because for this did the Lord give the herbs\nof the fields to all the beasts that render milkā€¦. Eat not unclean\nfoods brought from far countries, but eat always that which your trees\nbear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn other words, EAT WHAT IS FRESH AND IN SEASON. Do not eat raw foods\nthat have been frozen and kept in storage for weeks or months. While\nthis may not seem very practical, remember: Phase Three is not\npractical! (It is not practical in the context of the modern, fast-pace\nlifestyle. Of course, in the context of health, well-being and spiritual\ntranscendence, Phase Three is indeed practical!) IT IS VERY IMPORTANT\nTHAT THE ABOVE WORDS OF JESUS BE PROPERLY INTERPRETED. Jesus was telling\nfolks in ancient Israel to eat the foods that were in season there; he\nis not telling you to eat Barley in the month of Ijar - unless that\nhappens to be what is in season in your neck of the woods! Jesus is\ntelling you to eat what is fresh and in season WHERE YOU LIVE. Perhaps,\ndue to today\u0026rsquo;s fast transportation system, certain organic foods from\ndistant locations might arrive at your health food store fresh; however,\nyou still must be certain they are organic - which is rather difficult\nwhen the grower is far away. Certainly, you can be much more certain\nthat a food is fresh and organic when the grower is YOU and the time of\nharvest is NOW.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhy all the fuss about freshness? Kirlian photography has demonstrated\nthat the fresher a fruit or vegetable is, the more powerful is its\nsubtle organizing energy field (SOEF). A fruit or vegetable photographed\nby the Kirlian technique within several minutes of being harvested\ndisplays a powerful, radiant aura of blazing light. The same fruit or\nvegetable photographed by the Kirlian technique several hours after\nharvest still displays a decent energy field, though it has definitely\ndiminished from when it was harvested. The same fruit or vegetable\nphotographed two days after harvest, still has a bit of an energy field,\nbut not much. The same fruit or vegetable photographed a week after\nharvest has no discernible energy field. Thus, the fresher the fruits\nand vegetables are that you eat, the more powerful is their subtle\norganizing energy field (SOEF). And as Dr. Cousens made clear in a\nprevious section of this article, the SOFFs of fruits and vegetables\nfeed the human SOEF. A healthy human subtle organizing energy field\n(SOEF) is the key to physical well being, as well as spiritual\nunfoldment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs with Phase Two, at Phase Three of Essene Fruitarianism we are\nrequired to eat 100% raw. This includes our seasonings and salad\ndressing. This includes our beverages.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs with Phase Two, at Phase Three we are required to fast one day per\nweek. As with Phase Two, we may use the ancient Hebrew method of\ncalculating a day: from sunset to the next sunset equals one day.\nWhereas at Phase Two we could choose any day of the week to conduct our\nfast, at Phase Three we must follow Jesus\u0026rsquo; specific instructions to fast\non the Sabbath: Friday sunset to Saturday sunset. Whereas at Phase Two\nwe may fast on either juice or water, at Phase Three we are required to\nfast on water.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn Phase Two we were required to \u0026ldquo;become aware of and attempt to\nimplement,\u0026rdquo; proper food combining, but at Phase Three of Essene\nFruitarianism we drop the word \u0026ldquo;attempt\u0026rdquo;. At Phase Three we must become\naware of\u0026rsquo; and implement, proper food combining.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn Phase Three of Essene Fruitarianism, we are required to eat no more\nthan two major meals per day (a piece of fruit or glass of juice is not\ncounted as a major meal). We must eat no solid food before noon (juice\nokay before noon) and our last solid food of the day must be eaten\naround sunset. While we are permitted as many as two major meals per\nday, some may achieve the level whereat they eat but one major meal per\nday. All of the requirements listed in this paragraph are adapted from\nthe following words of Jesus, as found in The Essene Gospel of Peace:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEat only when the sun is highest in the heavens, and again when it is\nset. And you will never see disease, for such finds favor in the eyes\nof the Lord And if you will that the Angels of God rejoice in your\nbody, and that Satan shun you afar, then sit but once a day at the\ntable of God. And then your days will be long upon the earth, for this\nis pleasing in the eyes of the Lord.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePhase Three Essene Fruitarians should attempt to save one or more seeds\nfrom each fruit or vegetable they eat, for later planting. With some\nfoods this is more feasible than with other foods. This is not a\nrequirement, but an invitation to advanced ahimsa (harmless-ness). When\nwe eat from a plant or tree and then in return take responsibility to\nplant its seed, we are manifesting the true spirit of Essene\nFruitarianism: LOVE.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlthough I have divided Essene Fruitarianism into three separate phases,\nit is okay to take elements from each phase and create your own hybrid.\nFor instance, you may be ready and willing to eat only twice per day,\nbut not ready and willing to eat 100% organic. Or, you may be willing to\nfollow most of the rules of Phase Two, but eat 75% raw instead of 100%.\nAll sons of combinations of the various elements of the three phases are\npossible. But if you create a hybrid, be honest and call it a hybrid.\nFor clarity of communication, let us honor the definitions of each phase\ngiven herein; if you are practicing a mix of the elements of Phase One\nand Phase Two, say so, rather than call it Phase Two. Likewise, if you\nare practicing a mix of the elements of Phase Two and Phase Three, say\nso, rather than call it Phase Three.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt has been stated that an Essene Fruitarian eats only the part of a\nplant that can be eaten without killing the plant. So, what specific\nplants can\u0026rsquo;t we eat? We can eat most above ground fruits and vegetables,\nBUT CANNOT EAT MOST UNDERGROUND VEGETABLES. Such root vegetables as\ncarrots, beets, turnips, radishes, rutabagas, etc., are off limits to\nEssene Fruitarians. There may be some exceptions to the ban on root\nvegetables. For instance, if you do the harvesting yourself; potatoes\ncan be harvested without killing the plant: The root system of a potato\nis extensive and has many potatoes connected to it; dig around it and\nonly harvest a few, leaving the rest so that the plant does not die.\n(This is similar to the way the ancient Essenes harvested honey; they\nwere only permitted to take a tithe of 10% of the honey from each hive,\nso that the bees would not die.) Thus, a Phase One Essene Fruitarian who\nstill eats some cooked food can have a baked potato. Probably the\nbiggest sacrifice is carrot juice! (A friend told me that the ends of\ncarrots can be cut off, put in a glass of water until they grow new root\nsystems, and then replanted in soil. He therefore claims that carrots\ncan potentially be eaten without killing the plant. I have not yet\nattempted this process of replanting the ends of juiced carrots; but, if\nit works, maybe you can still have your carrot juice!) With above ground\nfruits and vegetables, most can potentially be eaten without killing the\nplant, but, at Phase Two and especially at Phase Three, we must pay\nattention to how each particular plant was actually harvested in order\nto make our determination.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBecause our above descriptions of the three phases of Essene\nFruitarianism are spread out over so many pages, I will now provide a\nconvenient \u0026ldquo;at-a-glance\u0026rdquo; synopsis of each. But don\u0026rsquo;t ever limit yourself\njust to the following abbreviated descriptions; much of the important\ninformation about each phase is available only in the body of this\nessay. Alter providing a brief synopsis of each phase, I will conclude\nthis article by giving some sample daily meal plans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSYNOPSIS OF PHASE ONE - Phase One allows us to make a gradual transition\ninto Essene Fruitanarism. - All of the foods we eat must potentially be\nable to be eaten without killing the plant. - We must attempt to eat\nmostly organic foods. - 2/3 of our food must be raw with goal of\neventually achieving 100% raw. - We should become aware of the\nadditional requirements of Phase Two and Phase Three and begin,\nstep-by-step, to incorporate those elements as able.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSYNOPSIS OF PHASE TWO - We are required to eat only foods that we can\nreasonably assume were actually harvested without killing the plant. -\nWe are required to eat mostly organic foods. - We are required to eat\n100% raw. - We are required to fast one day per week. (Can be the\nancient Hebrew day: sunset to sunset.) Can be any day of the week. Raw\njuices and/or water permitted. - We are required to become aware of and\nattempt to implement, proper food combining. - We are required to make\nevery effort not to overeat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSYNOPSIS OF PHASE THREE We are required to have actual personal\nknowledge that the foods we eat were harvested without killing the\nplant. (In the case of tree-grown fruits and nuts a reasonable\nassumption is still permitted.) - We are required to always eat organic\nfoods. - We are required to eat 100% raw. - We are required to eat food\nthat is fresh and in season. - We are required to fast on the Sabbath:\nFriday sunset to Saturday sunset. (Water only, no juice permitted.) - We\nare required to become aware of and implement, proper food combining. -\nWe are required to eat no more than two major meals per day. (A piece of\nfruit or glass of juice, etc., does not count as a major meal.) - We are\nrequired to eat no solid food before noon. (Raw juice is okay before\nnoon.) - We are required to begin our last major meal of the day no\nlater than sunset. - We should attempt to save one or more seeds from\neach fruit or plant we eat for later planting. (This is not a\nrequirement, but an invitation to advanced Ahimsa.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following are only a few sample daily meal plans, not an exhaustive\nlist. These several examples are intended just to give you the general\nidea of the foods one might eat on a typical day at each phase of Essene\nFruitarianism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sample-phase-one-daily-meal-plans\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSample Phase One Daily Meal Plans \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sample-phase-one-daily-meal-plans\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sample-phase-one-breakfasts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSample Phase One Breakfasts: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sample-phase-one-breakfasts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFour organic bananas.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFour organic bananas blended with a little water and a tablespoon of\nraw carob powder. (This tastes like a chocolate shake!)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA bowl of organic figs, dried or fresh.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn organic melon.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRaw organic fruit juice.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRaw organic vegetable juice. (Cucumber makes a good base.)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo or three organic apples.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sample-phase-one-lunches\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSample Phase One Lunches: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sample-phase-one-lunches\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo baked potatoes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo baked sweet potatoes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSteamed brown rice.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBaked squash.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLarge vegetable salad.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEssene bread.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFruit salad.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sample-phase-one-dinners\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSample Phase One Dinners: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sample-phase-one-dinners\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLarge vegetable salad.(If you did not have salad for lunch, have it\nfor dinner.)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelect a gourmet raw food recipe from Gabriel Cousens\u0026rsquo; book,\nConscious Eating. (available from our Essene Church)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo baked potatoes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo baked sweet potatoes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBaked squash\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSteamed millet.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelect a gourmet raw food dish from the book, Angel Foods - Heavenly\nFoods for Heavenly Bodies, by Cherie Soria. (available from our\nchurch)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNOTES ON PHASE ONE FOODS. On Phase One, you are required to eat 2/3 raw.\nThus, you can have one cooked meal per day. I recommend that your\nbreakfast be raw and usually fruit. Your lunch or dinner can be cooked.\nWhichever is your cooked meal, lunch or dinner, the other should be a\nlarge vegetable salad meal. In other words, you should get in the habit\nof having one of your meals each day - lunch or dinner - be a large\nvegetable salad. The salad should feature a dark green leafy vegetable,\nsuch as romaine lettuce or kale, NOT ICEBURG LETTUCE. A ripe Haas\navocado is the crown jewel of any raw salad! Do not eat anything cooked\nwith it; let the salad be the entire meal. And when you eat your cooked\nmeal, let it be a mono-meal: one food item, not several. For instance, a\ncouple of baked potatoes, alone. Or a bowl of brown rice, alone. Or a\nbaked squash, alone. If you use any dairy product that is not raw, it\nshould be plain (unflavored) organic yogurt or kefir from a health food\nstore. The ingredient in dairy products that causes mucus and digestion\nproblems is lactose. However, in fermented dairy products such as yogurt\nand kefir, the lactose is predigested and can be tolerated by most\npeople.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBetween meal snacks should be confined to raw fruits, raw vegetables,\nraw juices, raw or fermented dairy, or Essene bread. This is true on all\nthree phases of Essene Fruitarianism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sample-phase-two-daily-meal-plans\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSample Phase Two Daily Meal Plans \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sample-phase-two-daily-meal-plans\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sample-phase-two-breakfasts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSample Phase Two Breakfasts: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sample-phase-two-breakfasts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSee the list of sample breakfasts given for Phase One. That list is\nalso suitable for Phase Two.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sample-phase-two-lunches\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSample Phase Two Lunches: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sample-phase-two-lunches\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf juice was had for breakfast, you may select one of the non-juice\nitems from the breakfast list for lunch, such as a melon or three\napples or bowl of figs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEssene bread (cooked in sun or in dehydrator)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNut or seed cheese.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeveral ears of raw corn on the cob.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLarge vegetable salad.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne or two Haas avocados.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoaked nuts or seeds.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sample-phase-two-dinners\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSample Phase Two Dinners: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sample-phase-two-dinners\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf you did not have the large vegetable salad at lunch, you should\nhave it for dinner. Unless you are fasting, nearly every day should\ninclude a large vegetable salad.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAny item from the lunch list.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf you have not yet had a fruit meal, select a fruit meal from the\nbreakfast list for dinner.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelect a gourmet raw food main dish recipe from the book Living in\nthe Raw, by Rose Lee Calabro.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSee dinner four above!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSee dinner four above!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSee dinner four above!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDinners Five, Six, and Seven: This book (available from the Essene\nChurch) includes such delightful recipes as: Mock \u0026ldquo;Tuna\u0026rdquo;, Raw Tofu\ndishes, Nut Patties, Raw veggie burgers, Raw Huinmus, Stuffed Spinach\nPesto, Stuffed Peppers, raw pizza, raw burritos, and many more. All of\nthese recipes are raw, but some may call for an ingredient that Essene\nFruitarians do not eat, such as certain root vegetables; just leave\nthose ingredients out!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"sample-phase-three-daily-meal-plans\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSample Phase Three Daily Meal Plans \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sample-phase-three-daily-meal-plans\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sample-phase-three-breakfasts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSample Phase Three Breakfasts: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sample-phase-three-breakfasts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGo for an early morning walk in nature and breathe deeply the fresh\nair. Recite the words of the Essene Communion with the Angel of Air:\n\u0026ldquo;Angel of Air, enter my lungs, and give the air of life to my whole\nbody.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrink some pure water immediately alter reciting the words of the\nEssene Communion with the Angel of Water: \u0026ldquo;Angel of Water, enter my\nblood and give the water of life to my whole body\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSunbathe in the morning sun while you recite the Essene Communion\nwith the Angel of Sun: \u0026ldquo;Angel of Sun, enter my solar center, and\ngive the fire of life to my whole body.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrink some raw vegetable or fruit juice immediately alter reciting\nthe words of the Essene Communion with the Earthly Mother: \u0026ldquo;The\nEarthly Mother and I are One. She gives the food of life to my whole\nbody.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHug a tree as you recite the words of the Essene Communion with the\nAngel of Life: \u0026ldquo;Angel of Life, enter my limbs, and give strength to\nmy whole body.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStand barefoot in the soil or on the grass and recite the words of\nthe Essene Communion with the Angel of Earth: \u0026ldquo;Angel of Earth, enter\nmy generative organs, and regenerate my whole body.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSit in your garden and behold the beauty as you recite the words of\nthe Essene Communion with the Angel of Joy: \u0026ldquo;Angel of Joy, descend\nup on Earth, and give beauty to all beings.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sample-phase-three-lunches\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSample Phase Three Lunches: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sample-phase-three-lunches\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStand for awhile by an apple tree. When you notice an apple fall to\nthe ground, pick it up and eat it. Or gently shake a limb so that\nthe ripest apple falls to the ground. Or pick the apple that looks\nthe ripest and smells the best. If you want another, repeat the\nprocess.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStand by an orange tree and repeat the above process.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStand by a pair tree and repeat the apple tree process.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStand by an avocado tree and repeat the apple tree process.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChew some wheat grass and swallow the juice.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOffer to pick the untended fruit tree in your neighbors yard, in\nexchange for a portion of the harvest. Eat some of your portion for\nlunch. Share some with your friends.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVisit a local organic farm. Pick several ears of corn (after paying\nfor them!). Sit and pray. Eat the corn. (Corn is delicious raw!)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sample-phase-three-dinners\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSample Phase Three Dinners: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#sample-phase-three-dinners\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWalk in your garden. Notice a perfectly ripe vegetable. Give love to\nthe plant the vegetable is growing on. Promise to plant a seed from\nthe vegetable next Spring. Eat the vegetable, right there in the\ngarden. Repeat the process with another ripe vegetable.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn your garden, squat near a row of lettuce. Carefully harvest the\nouter leaves of several lettuce plants, without uprooting the\nplants. Eat the leaves.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen you have more cucumbers in your garden than you can eat, pick\nseveral and juice them. Add some freshly picked greens. Drink the\njuice and notice how good you feel.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstead of eating, meditate in your garden.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstead of eating, dance in ecstasy in your fruit orchard.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen especially hungry; eat two large Haas avocados.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHave a feast: make a large vegetable salad from whatever is ripe in\nyour garden. Invite friends over to share the feast. Alter dinner,\nform a song circle and sing sacred songs together.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e" }, { "title": "The Loincloth", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-loincloth/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-loincloth/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThere is a delightful story told by Sri Ramakrishna about a man who\nchose to become a sadhu (a holy man who relinquishes worldly possessions\nand takes a vow of chastity).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnder the instruction of his guru, this sadhu lived in a small hut in\nthe middle of the forest. Each morning after his devotional exercises,\nhe would wash and hang his loincloth up to dry. One day, he found that\nhis cloth had been torn to shreds by rats. So he went into the village\nto beg for another.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnfortunately, the new cloth met the same fate a few days later. The\nsadhu was quite perturbed, but one of the villagers suggested that he\nget a cat to frighten away the rats. This arrangement proved to be quite\nsatisfactory as far as the safety of the loincloth was concerned.\nHowever, though the sadhu had no need now to beg for loincloths, he\nneeded to beg for milk since the cat had to be fed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother villager suggested that the sadhu keep a cow. All things\nconsidered, this seemed like a good idea so that is what was done and\nthe cat had plenty of milk. However, though the sadhu had no need now to\nbeg for milk, he needed to beg for straw in order to feed the cow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo deal with this dilemma, it was advised the sadhu take to tilling the\nland in order to grow his own crops. However, since this was not an easy\nfeat for one person, the sadhu had to engage some labourers and found it\nnecessary to build barns to store the crop in. Eventually, he became a\nlandlord and then had to take a wife to look after his large and growing\nhousehold.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen his guru came to see him, the man fell at his feet in great shame\nand cried, \u0026ldquo;My Lord, all for a single piece of loincloth! \u0026quot;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe story ends here, so we don\u0026rsquo;t get to hear the guru\u0026rsquo;s response, but I\nsomehow doubt he accepted that the cloth purloined the sadhu! The path\nto a noble goal may have potholes, but we can choose whether to walk the\npath or work for the Department of Roads and Transportation.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Mahut God", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-mahut-god/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-mahut-god/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eOnce there was a holy man who had many disciples. He taught them well\nand revealed how God is in all things.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne day his disciples went out to gather firewood for their ashram and\nthey heard a great commotion!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Mad elephant! Mad elephant!\u0026rdquo; was the cry and it seemed to be coming\ntheir way. Suddenly, they saw a huge elephant tearing down towards them\nwith others following in desperate pursuit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe mahut of the elephant was shouting \u0026ldquo;Run! Run!\u0026rdquo; to everyone who could\nhear and that is just what they were doing. The disciples took flight\nright away ā€¦ all except one bhakti soul who remembered his master\u0026rsquo;s\nteachings only too well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe steadfastly stood in the middle of the elephant\u0026rsquo;s rampaging path.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Get out of the way!\u0026rdquo; shouted the mahut, \u0026ldquo;Get out of the way!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe disciple held his ground and bowed in unwavering reverence as the\nelephant was almost upon him.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen, the elephant ran over him and disappeared into the forest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe disciple was scraped out of the ground and carried back to the\nashram, where, after a while, he regained consciousness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Why did you not get out of the way?\u0026rdquo; the others asked.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe replied, \u0026ldquo;Master taught us that God was in all things! I therefore,\nrecognized the God in elephant and wished to acknowledge his great\nbeing.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe holy man shook his head while chuckling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen he said to his disciple, \u0026ldquo;My poor devoted one! You are so right\nthat God is within the elephant! But did you not hear God in the mahut\ntelling you to get out of the way?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Myth of the American Dream", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/the-myth-of-the-american-dream/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/the-myth-of-the-american-dream/", "authors": [ { "name": "Sangeeta" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eSuccess is what the American Dream is all about. Many people are\nmotivated by the promise of a better life, hence they chase dollar bills\nall their lives in the hopes of living out the American Dream - a\nfantasy which only money can buy. The American economic system is\ndesigned to meet the needs of the upper class, as it ignores problems of\nethnic minorities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe American Dream is a fantasy that has not come true for the millions\nthat are toiling in the system hoping to get a piece of the wealth which\nAmerica so liberally shares with its rich upper class. Mansions,\nexpensive cars, a happy family and of course lots of money. These images\nadorn the minds of the less privileged of this nation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor many this dream soon becomes a nightmare. With the cost of living\nbecoming so high and lack of medical care or job security, minimal pay\nand an expensive education system are just some the hurdles that people\nhave to jump over to reach the American Dream. Therefore it is fair to\nsay that it is almost impossible for numerous people to make a decent\nliving. Many people in America are earning minimum wage which is $5.65\na hour, and contrary to popular belief, they are not middle-class\nteenagers working for gas money. Most minimum wage earners in the United\nStates are adults, more than half are female, and about half work full\ntime. ([Epinet](\u003ca href=\"http://epinet.com\"\u003ehttp://epinet.com\u003c/a\u003e))\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmerica\u0026rsquo;s economic system is flawed as there is unequal distribution of\nits wealth. When we examine where America\u0026rsquo;s wealth lies we see that it\ncertainly not in filling the bellies of countless hungry babies in this\ncountry. The wealth is filling the pockets of the rich:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWealth inequality has grown in the 1990s. As of 1997 (the latest year\nfor which data is available), the top 1% of U.S. households controlled\n39.1% of all wealth. When comparing the changes in wealth distribution\nover the 1983-97 period, the large shift in wealth primarily benefited\nthe top 1% (rising from 33.8% to 39.1% of all wealth). In comparison,\nthe bottom 95% of the wealth distribution experienced flat or falling\ngrowth in wealth over the same period. The explosive growth of the\nstock market further concentrated wealth at the top of the income\nscale between 1995 and 1997. Projections suggest that the share of\nwealth controlled by the top 1% increased by 1.5 percentage points\n(from 37.6% to 39.1%) in just the past couple of\nyears.(\u003ca href=\"http://epinet.com\"\u003eEpinet\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBehind the people who are making all the money, there is a task force of\nthousands of overworked and underpaid individuals. It seems that the\npeople who don\u0026rsquo;t count in this country such as the racial minorities are\nleft to do this country\u0026rsquo;s dirty work. In the following excerpt we can\nget a glimpse of who really does the work in America.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe population of this country is 337 million, 154 million are\nretired. That leaves 183 million to do the work. There are 85 million\nin school, which leaves 98 million to do the work.. Of this total,\nthere are 29 million employed by the federal government. That leaves\n69 million to do the work. Four million are in the Armed Forces, which\nleaves 64 million to do the work. Take from that total the 24,800,000\npeople who work for state and city Governments and that leaves\n39,200,000 of us to do the work. At any given time there are\n24,000,000 in hospitals, so that leaves 15,200,000 to do the work.\nNow, there are 15,199,998 people in federal and State prisons. That\nleaves just two people to do the work, you and\nme.(\u003ca href=\"http://linkamerica.com/\"\u003eLinkAmerica\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApproximately thirty-two years ago, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. launched\nthe \u0026ldquo;Poor People\u0026rsquo;s Campaign\u0026rdquo;. This was a far-reaching plan to lift the\neconomic conditions of underprivileged Americans of all classes and\nraces. The heart and soul of the campaign was the progressive demand for\nfull employment ā€“ that the opportunity to secure jobs be extended to all\nin order to lift people above, as King termed, \u0026ldquo;the curse of poverty.\u0026rdquo;\n(\u003ca href=\"http://epinet.com\"\u003eEpinet\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePresently, African Americans are not much better off than they were in\nKing\u0026rsquo;s time. In 1968, the income of a typical black family was 60\npercent of whites. Median Income grew slowly throughout the 1970s and\n1980s, and much more gradually for blacks than for whites. As of 1997,\nthe ratio stood at 61 percent. For all the progress of the past few\nyears, the income gap has closed by all of one percent - from 60 to 61\npercent - since 1968. (\u003ca href=\"http://epinet.com\"\u003eEpinet\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOther racial discrimination can be seen through a study done by The\nAssociation of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN), which\ndemonstrates increasing racial disparities in the home purchase mortgage\nmarket.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a study covering all lenders in thirty-five cities over three\nyears, ACORN found that African Americans and Latinos are rejected\nmore frequently than white applicants for both conventional and\ngovernment-backed mortgages and that this disparity is rising. The\ngrowth in conventional mortgages for African Americans between 1995\nand 1997 was modest, under 5%, but the increase in lending to white\nborrowers was nearly five times as large. Over the same period,\nconventional home purchase lending to Latinos declined by more than\n1%. (ACORN)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOver a hundred years ago Asians were told that the streets were paved in\ngold in America. They were promised some of this gold, but in reality\ncompanies just wanted cheap labor. (Chang 366) Nowadays the media\nportrays the Asians as having found that gold. (Chang 366) According to\na U.S Censor Survey Asians average income was $22,713 whereas the\nwhites were $20,800 (Chang 367). The media took this statistic and\nannounced to America that Asians were achieving the American\nDream.(Chang 367)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuch statements bring to light aphorisms such as \u0026ldquo;Statistics are like a\nbikini. What they reveal is suggestive, but what they conceal is vital.\u0026rdquo;\n(Chang 367) Unfortunately the media failed to examine these statistics\nclosely. A close examination of these will reveal that Asians usually\nhave more children or live-in relatives therefore more mouths to feed,\nthey also have more than one income earner in the family to make ends\nmeet and many live in areas where the cost of living is very high.\n(Chang 367) According to Dr. Robert S. Mariano, professor of economics\nat the University of Pennsylvania, who has calculated that\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen such appropriate adjustments and comparisons are made, a\ndifferent and rather disturbing picture emerges, showing indeed a\nclearly disadvantaged group ā€¦ Filipino and Chinese are no better off\nthan black men a with regard to median incomes.(Chang 367)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlong with other minorities Asians are only getting the crumbs of the\neconomic pie. The City University of New York constructed fake resumes\nfor Asians and for whites. Both resumes had similar education and work\nexperience except that some had an Asian name and others had a white\nname.(369) They concluded that the resumes meant for whites got 5 times\nthe interviews than the Asians. Another U.S Census showed that Chinese\nand Filipino males only earned 75% and 52% respectively as much as their\nequally educated white males. (Change 369) It is obvious that economic\ndiscrimination is coupled with racial discrimination making it very\ndifficult for racial minorities to climb up the financial ladder.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn order for change to take place, people need to get together to make\nchanges in our economic system. One such group is ACORN, who has started\nthe living wage campaign.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn short, living wage campaigns seeks to pass local ordinances\nrequiring private businesses that benefit from public money to pay\ntheir workers a living wage. Commonly, the ordinances cover employers\nwho hold large city or county service contracts or receive substantial\nfinancial assistance from the city in the form of grants, loans, bond\nfinancing, tax abatements, or other economic development subsidies.\nThe concept behind any living wage campaign is simple: Our limited\npublic dollars should not be subsidizing poverty-wage work. When\nsubsidized employers are allowed to pay their workers less than a\nliving wage, tax payers end up footing a double bill: the initial\nsubsidy and then the food stamps, emergency medical, housing and other\nsocial services low wage workers may require to support themselves and\ntheir families even minimally. Public dollars should be leveraged for\nthe public good ā€“ reserved for those private sector employers who\ndemonstrate a commitment to providing decent, family-supporting jobs\nin our local\ncommunities.(\u003ca href=\"http://www.livingwagecampaign.org/introduction.html\"\u003eLivingWages\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere needs to be a larger public outcry against this \u0026ldquo;institution of\nwealth\u0026rdquo;. As more and more people demand changes to occur, we will still\nbe living under the golden rule: \u0026ldquo;The one\u0026rsquo;s who have the gold, make the\nrules.\u0026rdquo; (Howard Lyman speech). The curse of poverty is far from lifted\nas there is much work to be done to bring about economic equality for\nracial minorities. We, as a nation, have far to go before we arrive at\nKing\u0026rsquo;s vision of economic justice.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Rosebush", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-rosebush/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-rosebush/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA rosebush can show the many opportunities one can pursue, if one stays\nhonest and aware.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThis article was inspired by\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/angelkate/\"\u003eAngelkate\u003c/a\u003e who has been\nkind enough to let me stowaway on her pirate ship. She has taken me on\nmany an adventure while steering a true course between the water and the\nsky. We have seen glorious storms and traveled under the vibrant\nrainbows they leave behind. Perhaps she may agree that what follows is a\nproper compensation for the never-ending voyage.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImagine a rosebush.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe roots secure deep into the earth, embedded within a foundation of\nworthwhile values. We have the support for honorable convictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe stems rise up with confidence that comes from strength and\nflexibility. When the winds blow, they do not break. They bend, but\nalways return to their position of integrity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe branches spread seeking, each reaching out beyond the stem from\nwhich it emerged. Through their explorations, knowledge is continually\ndiscovered.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe leaves look out towards the light. Bathed in radiance, they absorb\nthe truth that fuels existence itself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe rosebush is nourished by the power of the earth, the excitement of\nthe wind, the illumination of the sun and the joy bourne by the tears\nfrom the clouds.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNature delights in her creation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTake this picture and see it has been etched indelibly into the smooth\ncanvas of eternity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCall it what you will: it is you, your true self, your spiritual\nessence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is indestructible and everlasting and waiting ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-rosebush1.jpg\" alt=\"y-rosebush1.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow put some tracing paper over the canvas. Start tracing the rosebush\nwith your pencil. Be precise and accurate for every line, every curve,\nevery detail and nuance is of utmost importance!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you are finished, you will have a replica of what is there. It\nlooks indistinguishable, carrying all the qualities of the original.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour tracing paper has much empty space. You can customize it!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePut in some birds and bugs - a willingness to share.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdd some large thorns - a protector offering haven.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCreate a mist all around - abode for an enigmatic magician.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDraw some roses of various colors - a bit of heaven is blossomed in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach tracing paper work is an image for you to be - it is a role you\nchoose to play on the stage of life. You can have many such roles and to\nlive them out, all you need do, is create it with a new page.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can be many things ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe mischievous daemon playing pranks on the unsuspecting\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe emotionless watcher observing the dance between life and karma\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe courageous knight charging forth to right all wrongs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe kind empath listening, healing and rejuvenating\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe pirate princess seeking hidden treasures beyond illusion\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-rosebush2.jpg\" alt=\"y-rosebush2.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is need for care.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf one stays not alert, the tracing paper carrying whatever creations\nwill move out of alignment from the source whence it came. Most things\nmay look the same at the beginning of a shift, but the page appears\nblurry as though there is conflict. The formerly precise lines become\nmuddled as the image on the paper becomes disharmonious with what is\nunderneath.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQuick! Move the paper to find its proper position!\u003cbr\u003e\nToo far!\u003cbr\u003e\nNo! That\u0026rsquo;s not correct either!\u003cbr\u003e\nTry again!\u003cbr\u003e\nNow this area looks reasonably alright, but it is off over here.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is bewilderment, confusion, stress. Too much trouble is this!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI want to take the paper off the canvas! Then at least there will be\nonly one view with no conflict! Yes that at least looks good to me off\nthe canvas! May be this will be fine.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut no! There is no support and the thin paper flutters with the\nslightest disturbance. Without connection and substance, it soon\nwrinkles and rips. The once valiant image becomes a mere caricature. No\namount of patchwork can repair it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is to be done?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-rosebush3.jpg\" alt=\"y-rosebush3.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlright. Get another piece of tracing paper and let\u0026rsquo;s do this again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrace carefully with sincerity and awareness.\u003cbr\u003e\nAvoid nothing.\u003cbr\u003e\nMiss nothing.\u003cbr\u003e\nKeep the work as true as its source.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is done - you always have another chance! Even if you run out of\ntracing paper, you can get some more. However, don\u0026rsquo;t be wasteful - that\nwould be treesonous!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis time keep the alignment firm! Draw beautiful things, but don\u0026rsquo;t let\nthe paper lose alignment with what is underneath. If you do, both the\nbeauty and the things are lost.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStay aligned!\u003cbr\u003e\nAlways stay aligned.\u003cbr\u003e\nDo not be drawn astray by temptation, by want, by enjoyment.\u003cbr\u003e\nBecome not irresponsible, apathetic, false.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProtect the alignment. It is all you have.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAligned, there is no blurring. There is no bewilderment, there is no\nconfusion, there is no stress, and most important, there is immunity\nfrom delusion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-rosebush4.jpg\" alt=\"y-rosebush4.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe canvas belongs not to you, but the tracing paper does.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUse it well.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Science of Compassion", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sinikka/the-science-of-compassion/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sinikka/the-science-of-compassion/", "authors": [ { "name": "Sinikka" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eChapter One: Dissecting Conservationā€™s Biggest Myth\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI care deeply about the survival of the earth. Even as I write these\nwords, I know that this exquisite jewel of a planet is at unprecedented\nrisk. The land, air and seas cry out as they have never done before; the\nseeds of destruction have been planted by humankind and they are\ngerminating and growing at a monstrous rate. As many have foretold, we\nseem to be on the eve of destruction. We can speculate that it may take\na miracle to turn such a resistant, self-mutilating society around,\nstopping the cycle of abuse and beginning the slow process of\nrehabilitation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYet I canā€™t help but believe that there is a solution to this downward\nspiral that has so far eluded the traditional scientific community. This\nsolution entails shifting away from what is conventional and measurable\nin a clear-cut physical, quantitative sense. Perhaps the time has come\nfor science to evolve to that new level, to seek an alternate paradigm.\nSuch a perspective would enable humans to discover a basic and simple\nlogic, a global key to survival.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis evolution involves a new science: compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe conservation movement in particular has, with troubling consistency\nover the decades, focused on the importance of species for survival and\nhas downplayed the role of the individual. But just as leaves, bark,\nbranches and roots are crucial to the growth and survival of a tree, so\ndoes an individual unit contribute to the integrity of the whole.\nInterwoven in the fabric of successful co-existence is compassion, the\ntie that binds together individuals, families, and communities. The huge\nglobal response to natural disasters in Indonesia, Haiti, and Japan (to\nname a few countries devastated in recent years) is evidence of the fact\nthat compassion can have world-wide reach.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAgencies involved in ā€œscience-basedā€ conservation have long been\nregarded as the natural worldā€™s Messiah, the whip that keeps species in\ncontrol by supporting the demise of certain animals through hunting. In\naddition, these agencies have been inclined to prohibit the public from\nsheltering injured and orphaned wildlife, thereby shackling the\ncompassion righton of individuals whose hearts are driven to do the\nright thing. Yet it should be noted that even dictionary definitions of\nā€œconservationā€ are in conflict. Further, it appears that the definition\nof the word has either evolved or dissolved over the agesā€”depending on\nwhat side of the fence one is on. Consider the meaning of the word\nā€œconservationā€ in 1828: \u003cem\u003eā€œThe act of preserving, guarding or protecting;\npreservation from loss, decay, injury, or violation; the keeping of a\nthing in a safe or entire state; as the conservation of bodies from\nperishing; the conservation of the peace of society; the conservation of\nprivileges.\u003c/em\u003e (Source: (\u003ca href=\"http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definitions/conservation\"\u003eWebsterā€™s 1828 American\nDictionary\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow letā€™s examine a few modern definitions of the word from the same\nwebpage noted above. Definitions of ā€œconservationā€ are grouped in\ncategories, for instance, agriculture, environment, technology and so\non. This one in particular (environment) is of interest: \u003cem\u003eā€œA philosophy\nof natural resource management that ensures their availability in the\nfuture by not being too greedy in the present. Conservation practices,\nby preserving land for future use by humans (the technical definition of\nconservation) has the secondary benefit of providing habitat and thus\nsurvival for many plants and animals not commonly thought of as\nresources, such as songbirds and wildflowers. The intelligent use of\nnatural resources.ā€\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlease note the ample reliance on such phrases as ā€œmanagementā€, ā€œuse by\nhumansā€, and ā€œresourcesā€. Preservation of habitat for songbirds and\nwildflowers is termed a ā€œsecondary benefitā€. The following definition on\nthe same list pertains to conservation in agriculture: \u003cem\u003eā€œIn farming,\nconservation entails matching cropping patterns and the productive\npotential and physical limitations of agricultural lands to ensure\nlong-term sustainability of profitable production.ā€\u003c/em\u003e Again, we note the\nwords ā€œsustainabilityā€ (on the surface, an innocuous word, yet often\nused by conservationist word dressers in order to legitimize and elevate\nthe status of their activities) and ā€œprofitable productionā€.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo what happened to the simple concepts of protection and preservation?\nThe words ā€œguarding or protectingā€ from the 1828 version of Websterā€™s\nDictionary conjure up images of a mother lovingly defending her young,\nwhile the other more modern definitions point to human management of\nresources, not only to preserve the environment for future generations\nof humans, but also for the sake of profit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith all this in mind, we are left to wonder how one word has become so\ncompletely distorted over the centuries. Could it be that certain\nhumans, masters of manipulation, once twisted the meaning of the word\nā€œconservationā€ to suit themselves, and the passage of time allowed the\nshift to remain, even to be reproduced in the online version of\nWebsterā€™s dictionary?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen, from Wikipediaā€™s science page, emerges this gem: \u003cem\u003eā€œMany recent\nthinkers, such as Carolyn Merchant, Theodor Adorno and E. F. Schumacher\nconsidered that the 17th century scientific revolution shifted science\nfrom a focus on understanding nature, or wisdom, to a focus on\nmanipulating nature, i.e. power, and that science\u0026rsquo;s emphasis on\nmanipulating nature leads it inevitably to manipulate people, as well.ā€\u003c/em\u003e\nSince conservation principles are essentially considered to be\nscience-based, it follows that we may have found an explanation for the\nshift in definition discussed above.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLetā€™s focus now on the area of ā€œconservationā€ known as hunting. Truth be\nknown, every Conservation Officer Iā€™ve ever dealt with has proudly\nadmitted to killing as a pastimeā€”in the name of food procurement, of\ncourse. But wait. Some have also confessed to the killing of bears and\nless succulent-tasting wildlife, because those animals ā€œwere a danger to\nsocietyā€. Others approve of trapping as a legitimate way to ā€œmanageā€\ncertain species of fur-bearing animals. Many hide behind a word curtain\nof ā€œsustainabilityā€, ā€œgood managementā€ and ā€œenvironmental stewardshipā€.\nIt appears that destruction of individual living beings has become\nacceptable and very much the norm from a conservationist standpoint.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI am reminded of a rural neighbourhood incident, where a local\nConservation Officer was called to the scene of a wounded six-month-old\ndeer fawn. Unfortunately, while the mother and her other fawn had safely\ncleared a wire fence and landed on the other side without mishap, one\nyoungster had managed to get tangled in the wire, damaging a leg in the\nprocess. A large group of neighbours quickly gathered around the injured\nfawn and kept the CO at bay until a representative from the animal\nprotection community arrived. A battle of wills ensued, with the CO\ninsisting that the fawn should be shot, the animal protection volunteer\nstating that she would be willing to transport the deer to a wildlife\nveterinarian for assessment instead, and the group of neighbours\ndemanding that the fawn should be allowed to live. In the face of such\nstaunch support for the fawn, the CO hesitated. In those moments, a\nbrawny man stepped forward to initiate the process of lifting the\nwounded deer into the back of his pickup. Outnumbered, the officer from\nConservation could do nothing but watch. His pragmatic, science-based\napproach was no match for the groundswell of compassion from the\nconcerned neighbours. The fawn was safely transported to a nearby\nclinic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI would like to say that the youngster survived and recuperated, but\nthat was not the case. In spite of excellent care, he died of toxic\nmyopathy just two days later. This condition is also called ā€œcapture\nmyopathyā€ and is stress- related. The clinic veterinarian suggested that\nolder fawns (rather than newborns, who do not know yet to be afraid) are\nmore prone to succumbing to this.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith such a sad outcome, one might argue that the CO had been right, as\nthe fawn died anyway. The official may have stated that a bullet in the\nhead would have been preferable to two days of suffering and fear. But a\nwoman representing the group of concerned citizens who had lobbied for\nthe life of the fawn had this to say: ā€œThat animalā€™s life was worth\nfighting for. It was just the right thing to do. You know, where thereā€™s\nlife, thereā€™s always hope.ā€\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, the neighbours learned that there is power in numbers, and\nwith their staunch commitment, they were successfully able to exercise\ntheir compassion righton. The Conservation Officer attending the scene\nlearned about the tremendous power of compassion, that it is a driving\nforce, and that it does not easily back down when threatened with\nlegislation, policies, or other rulings that characterize modern\nsociety. It does not succumb to bullying tactics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerhaps he learned that compassion is contagious, and the cumulative\npower of its sources should not be underestimated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNext chapter: Why is Compassion a Science?\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Spinning Top", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/bartm/the-spinning-top/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/bartm/the-spinning-top/", "authors": [ { "name": "BartM" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI remember sitting on the floor of my grandparents apartment as a small\nchild and playing with a spinning top. It was mesmerizing. How could\nsomething that would otherwise fall right over, balance itself just by\nspinning? In physics class years later, learning the answer to this\nquestion only bred more questions: Why can\u0026rsquo;t intricate systems keep\ntheir balance, when a simple system like a gyroscope can do it so\neasily? Then in biology, I found out that they can indeed. In nature,\nbalance is the name of the game: Predators automatically balance out\ntheir pray. Parasites drive growth of the very immune systems they try\nto elude. Animals feeding on plants, to said plants return their\nnutrition. Well, what about people?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt seems people don\u0026rsquo;t do balance very well. From modern parenting to\nmodern agriculture to modern banking, something\u0026rsquo;s missing. We could\neasily define \u0026ldquo;modern\u0026rdquo; as: \u0026ldquo;Lacking a system of checks and balances\u0026rdquo;. We\nknow this stuff works: In parenting, we see \u0026ldquo;primitive\u0026rdquo; tribes where\nlife\u0026rsquo;s lessons are automatically instilled by the very games that\nchildren play. In agriculture, we have permaculture - a system so\nun-modern that it actually works! In banking we haveā€¦ well, nevermind.\nNow that I think about it, when it comes to banking, politics, and\ncommerce in general, we don\u0026rsquo;t have much to model. Unlike parenting and\nfarming, here we don\u0026rsquo;t have a new school and an old school. Everything\nis new. We have yet to master these concepts. Somehow, I feel that the\nMayans knew this when they predicted their own demise.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHave we evolved too quickly? Often, when lifeforms evolve in one aspect,\nthey do it at a rate slow enough for other aspects to also change\naccordingly, thereby sustaining balance. I can only guess that if bees\ndeveloped the ability to make honey before developing their incredible\nskills of cooperation, their honey would only be a burden. We\u0026rsquo;ve grown\nsmarter, but often, this has backfired. It seems like we\u0026rsquo;re paying the\nprice for all this growth. Damn us and our big brains! We just can\u0026rsquo;t\nseem to get right the things that make us human.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePossibly, the wars, problems, and injustice of the world are the very\nbalancing act that will somehow result in a society where big intellect\nis on par with big intuition, big compassion, and big wisdom. And if\nthis is the case, should we presume that the evils of society are\nnecessary, and stand there trusting in the collective wisdom of the\nworld while we watch things play themselves out in horrifying ways? Or\nshould we risk making another mistake by sticking our fingers into this\ngrand mechanism?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI guess it\u0026rsquo;s not in our nature to just lean back and watch. We are\ninvested. We must act. And we do the best we can. We might not yet know\nhow, but there is more and more of us with good intentions. For every\nperson driven by greed, there is another greedy for positive change. For\nevery tycoon with high profit-motive, there is someone motivated by\nlove. For each millionaire blinded by competitive spirit, there is\nsomeone opening their eyes to cooperation. We have a long road ahead of\nus. Everywhere we look, we see deep holes, and many are getting dug\ndeeper by the minute. But things are going to change. It\u0026rsquo;s inevitable.\nIf we don\u0026rsquo;t pave a smooth road to a better culture, laws of nature will\nprovide a road for us, albeit a much bumpier one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the meantime I\u0026rsquo;ll dream of a world where the weak are protected by\nthe strong like cleaner fish and the shark. Where show of elegance, not\nshow of force displays the worth of our leaders, like the plumage of a\npeacock. Where the greedy turn their voracity into productivity like\npigs burrowing the topsoil. I\u0026rsquo;ll dream of a planet that balances itself\njust by spinning, instead of spinning out of control.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/the-supremacy-myth-animal-rights-argument/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/the-supremacy-myth-animal-rights-argument/", "authors": [ { "name": "KG" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAll arguments are not created equal. There are differences in their\nintent and the degree to which they impact an audience\u0026rsquo;s psyche. If you\nwish to make the strongest case for justice and respect towards nonhuman\nbeings, then destroying human arrogance is crucial and human nature is\nyour greatest ally in the cause.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhy is it acceptable to routinely treat nonhumans in ways that would be\nconsidered atrocities if done to the most hated criminals? An answer\nresides in the belief taken as self-evident absolute objective certain\ntruth: humans are better, worth more, superior in value to other life\nforms because of some attributes or slogans (intelligence, a soul,\nfavoritism by a Divine creator or Nature, might makes right, etc.). When\nexamined, every one of these traits are subjective and biased personal\nopinions like a belief in the importance of skin color or gender or a\nparticular interpretation of scripture. Nature (and/or deities) cannot\nbe proven to care or judge, as humans are just as mortal and subject to\nweather and physics as all other living beings. The fact that humans can\nand do exploit other humans and always have, is the best evidence that\nhuman superior worth is not absolute truth but merely opinion. It also\nmeans that if someone wants to justify discrimination towards humans\nbased on race or gender or religion etc., they can use the same excuse\n(subjective and biased personal opinions) as used by those who deny\nnonhuman rights.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAny argument put forth to justify meat and dairy farms, vivisection\nlabs, hunting, fishing, etc. can be countered by pointing out that human\nsupremacy is a myth and that the only way to avoid moral double\nstandards which would allow humans to justify exploiting other humans is\nto shun unfair discrimination/exploitation as much as possible. Humans\ncreate and use moral laws, nonhumans do not and deserve respect and\ncompassion by default as it is unfair to punish them for being unable to\nfollow human morality - it would be like demanding a blind man to read a\nwarning sign and punishing him when he cannot. Humans who cannot follow\nmoral laws (or even refuse to) are treated with far more respect and\ncompassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe inability to be morally perfect - respecting all life at all times\ndoes not mean we draw the line at humans since that is a moral double\nstandard based on the human supremacy myth and if you say the accidental\ndeath of insects justifies vivisection labs then the inability to stop\nhomicide and child abuse would justify genocide and concentration camps\n(since human exploitation of humans is natural and chronic). It is\nultimately about fairness and ethical consistency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a simple yet forceful ethical argument for animal rights. You\ncan argue for compassionate social policy or the Golden Rule or use\nscientific studies, but without addressing the mythical belief in human\nsuperiority and its double standards you leave gaping holes that\nopponents will seize upon if you allow them to. The argument stated\nabove puts the most hostile opponent into a corner from which they\ncannot escape unless they accept the concept of nonhuman rights or admit\nthat every kind of human exploitation of humans should also be\njustified.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the following essay we will examine animal rights arguments and how\nto increase the effectiveness of your presentation by utilizing the\nSupremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Religion is a great force - the only real motive force in the world;\nbut you must get at a man through his own religion, not through yours.\u0026rdquo;\n\u003ca href=\"https://libquotes.com/george-bernard-shaw/quote/lba4i6l\"\u003eGeorge Bernard\nShaw\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you want to make the strongest moral case for animal rights, you need\nto go outside of your own emotions and beliefs and understand what\nmotivates the viewpoint of the most hostile opponents in order to\ntransform the viewpoint, or failing that, injure it. Any debate that\nends with them feeling confident in their beliefs is a failure for the\nanimal rights side. You not only need to know their beliefs, but be able\nto gauge how they are understanding your arguments and learn to spot the\nweaknesses in your approach so that you are the one speaking with\nauthority and confidence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn general, many animal rights activists are sensitive and\ncompassionate, seeking to reduce harm in society, but they can be at a\ndisadvantage in debate situations because of these traits.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey often wish to persuade an audience with kindness - appeals to what\nthey assume or hope are a shared equal sensitivity and compassion in all\npeople. Furthermore, unlike someone acting on behalf of themselves or a\nfamily member in a civil rights cause, advocates for other animal\nspecies are not considered members of the particular group being\nvictimized - and the greater their outrage about the victimization, the\nmore they can be perceived as overly emotional or zealous, or even a\ntraitor to their kind. To avoid this perception, they may adopt\napologetic and timid approaches which can make them more vulnerable to\nbullying and allowing the opposition to dictate the debate parameters.\nAnd because they are often accused of being guided by emotion instead of\nreason, activists can overcompensate by adhering to elitist intellectual\ntheories on animal rights - esoteric and complicated academic formulas\ninstead of common sense layman arguments that are easily communicated.\nIn addition they may not properly estimate how successfully their\narguments impact their audience and dismiss anyone who does not\nimmediately show sympathy as being beyond persuasion. And finally, the\ntendency to use any argument that is in favor of animal rights (or\nfailing that, animal welfare) and a heavy dependence on scientific data\n(especially in vivisection arguments) can stem from insecurity and\ndesperation - and a subconscious but nagging feeling that somehow,\nsomeway, the moral correctness of an animal rights argument is not as\nobvious and certain as an anti-racism or anti-sexism position even\nthough they know intuitively that it is.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are many ways to present an animal rights position, but the\nstrongest argument in terms of impact uses factual observations about\nhuman nature against those who believe in human supremacy or superiority\nwhich is the motivating idea behind the systematic\ndiscrimination/exploitation of nonhuman lives through hunting, fishing,\nthe meat and dairy industries, medical research, circuses, zoos, etc.\nEven when it is denied, the false belief in human superiority to other\nbeings is the foundation of the double standard morality that condemns\nor excuses violent behavior, misery, and death depending on the worth\ngiven to the victim and victimizer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn place of the usual strategy of trying to show that nonhuman lives are\nworthy of moral consideration alongside humans, you force the audience\nto prove why humans are worthy of special moral status.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen this question is raised and examined, it puts the most hostile\nopponent on the defensive and exposes the obvious: that claims of human\nsupremacy are just as much biased personal opinion as claims of racial\nor religious or gender supremacy and that extending moral concern to\nnonhumans is not only fair and just but a necessity - in order to\nprevent some humans from exploiting an ethical loophole unwittingly and\ninevitably created by a human supremacist position, one that would\nexcuse violent behavior against other humans, given the fact that human\nintraspecies predation (aka exploiting and killing other humans) is a\nchronic natural occurrence across the world and has been since the\nbeginnings of recorded history, and is one supported by supremacy\nbeliefs based on factors besides species - such as race, gender,\nreligion, wealth etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDebunking the claim of human superiority by pointing out the perpetual\nreality of human exploitation towards other humans does not require that\none cite scientific studies or go into lengthy philosophical\ndigressions. It uses common sense observation and the beliefs of the\naudience against the audience. It is simple, but can be immensely\neffective.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a more aggressive debating stance which will not appeal to those\nwho prefer only positive reinforcements and compassionate persuasion,\nand will offend those who hold to a human supremacist animal welfare\nideology that masquerades as an animal rights position.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut in considering this approach, you can ask yourself which aggression\nis more offensive to you, the kind that is expressed through words for\nthe cause of fairness and justice, or the kind carried out on the minds\nand bodies of innocent nonhuman animal lives for entertainment, greed,\nand maniacal arrogance. It can be said that the truth hurts, but not as\nmuch as it does for the mass victims of humanity\u0026rsquo;s false and delusional\nbeliefs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn persuasive argument you should believe you are right and state the\ntruth - and you should also be able to show the opposition that they are\nwrong. It is not enough to defend your views from attack; you should\nalso be dismantling the beliefs of the opposition. In animal rights this\nis crucial because the gulf between those who can reluctantly appreciate\nan animal welfare position and sincerely accept an animal rights one can\nbe vast.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn animal rights debate, it is far too often the situation that an\nadvocate merely defends a position or responds to resistance and does\nnot actively seek to undermine the opposition\u0026rsquo;s deepest held\nconvictions. If you truly want to persuade and convince people that\nanimal rights is correct, you must attack the beliefs that uphold the\nvalues you oppose.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing this approach, you can leave any debate or conversation with the\nmost unsympathetic members of the audience unable to refute your\nposition as if they were saying 2 plus 2 equals 5 and you keep\npresenting them with evidence to prove the correct number is 4. Animal\nrights can be as easy as that, but it requires that one abandon\nvulnerable arguments and the mindset that encourages them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe popular argument for animal rights may be called the\nsuffering/sentience/speciesism approach.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt uses descriptions of suffering to shock the audience and appeal to\ntheir sense of compassion. It highlights sentience - a general capacity\nfor awareness and feeling pain - to be the shared quality between humans\nand nonhuman animals that is the true standard for bestowing moral value\ninstead of one considered uniquely human and it characterizes opposition\nto this view as speciesism, usually defined as a species-centered,\nunjust attitude that is the counterpart to racism or sexism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis argument can be intellectually lazy and not persuasive. A failure\nto recognize these deficiencies and compensate accordingly serves the\nagenda of exploiters and bigots, not that of the victims and social\njustice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe expression \u0026ldquo;treated like an animal\u0026rdquo; is shorthand for being treated\nvery badly since everyone knows that nonhuman animals are treated in\nways we would not want to be subjected to ourselves. Even the most hated\ncriminals are usually given better care than nonhuman animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTherefore, while there are people who are entirely ignorant of what\nnonhuman animals experience in farms or laboratories, and learning of\nthese atrocities can lead to an immediate moral transformation to either\na welfare or abolition philosophy, there are many others who can easily\npiece together that being born in confinement, and forced to live and\ndie by the whims of an animal species capable of deranged violence and\nsadistic cruelty is a very bad thing. It can amount to stating the\nobvious and missing the bigger picture: the beliefs that defend and\nexcuse these atrocities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompassionate appeals are sometimes dismissed by pointing out the\nsuffering that exists in Nature among other life forms. Human\nexploitation of nonhuman beings is defended by suggesting that if humans\nare animals, they should be able to behave as other animals do for\nsurvival. While this is not a strong defense especially as most systemic\nhuman exploitation of nonhumans is not even remotely connected to\nsurvival or necessity but choice and desire, it is enough of a response\nto distract and waste time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd people become immune to shocking imagery and testimonials. The motto\nthat everyone would be vegetarian if slaughterhouses had glass walls is\nnaive given that there are societies where animal slaughter occurs\nopenly without mass conversion to a plant-based diet. It even gets\nflaunted in blood sports for public entertainment. Thus an over reliance\non the suffering issue and appeals to compassion may be ineffective,\nencouraging advocates to rattle off an endless catalog of atrocities\ninstead of destroying the belief that excuses them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe focus on sentience can divert the discussion from issues of morality\ninto questions of whether sentience is applicable to some animals more\nthan others, and invites the use of vivisection to probe whether a\nsubject is worthy of moral inclusion and/or to attempt to create\nnonhuman life forms that feel no pain for food purposes. Furthermore, it\nfails to address the beliefs of those who do not value sentience and\nprefer some other quality alleged to be unique to humans (intellect,\ncreativity, moral reciprocity, a soul or Divine favoritism etc). Such\nperspectives are often dismissed without specifically explaining why\nthey are false and being aggressive in criticizing them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGiven the fact that vivisectors will engage in mental torment of\nspecimens as in learned helplessness experiments and circus trainers\nwill deliberately torment infant elephants so they are psychologically\nterrified of humans and that the deliberate abuse of animals to increase\nadrenaline for altering the flavor of their flesh is common knowledge to\nthe meat industry, it is evident that most victimizers believe the\nvictim is sentient, but inferior in value for other reasons.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne should never underestimate the wickedness of human nature. While\nthis may seem to promote misanthropic cynicism, the purpose is to ensure\nthat your debating stance does not leave any weakness that can be\nexploited to the detriment of your cause. You need to see the whole\nproblem before you can effectively correct it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd the word speciesism is vague and subject to misinterpretation which\nopponents seize upon, wasting time in discussion on the false claim that\nall species are inevitably species-centered thus there is nothing wrong\nwith it. The reality is that while people of any race or gender can be\nracist or sexist, only humans can be characterized as what we call\n\u0026ldquo;speciesist\u0026rdquo;. The belief in the superiority of one\u0026rsquo;s defined group to\nothers and discriminating systemically in ethics and policy according to\nthat belief is a uniquely human phenomenon and this is the most\nimportant issue in animal rights and human rights. The word speciesism\ndoes not adequately define it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is an observable tendency of humans to create personal preferences\nand develop an inflated sense of importance without factual evidence to\nsupport the claim. An individual claiming to be superior to everyone\nelse is usually described as an egomaniac, but when an individual\nprofesses to be part of a group of allegedly superior beings, then those\nwho are considered \u0026ldquo;a member of the club\u0026rdquo; can be far more tolerant of\nsuch a view. And yet, these days many would agree that someone who\nbelieves that some races are categorically superior in value to others\n(Social Darwinism, Manifest Destiny etc.) is a bigot, since skin colour\nor gender are widely regarded as trivial criteria for bestowing moral\nvalue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut when it comes to believing that human lives are naturally superior\nin value to nonhuman lives, this claim is usually taken as if a\nself-evident axiom - something known to be true without needing\nexamination - and despite (or possibly due to) the fact that it\ncollapses under the available evidence and common sense. It can be a\ncore religious belief to some people and questioning it can arouse great\ndiscomfort in those who hold it dear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe human supremacy myth is the \u0026ldquo;pink elephant in the room.\u0026rdquo; It is the\nimposing but imaginary belief that motivates the arguments of exploiters\nand their supporters. To ignore it is to focus on symptoms and not the\ncause of the problem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHuman supremacists (also known as human exceptionalists in an effort to\ndisguise the bigoted nature of the belief) justify their discrimination\nand systemic exploitation according to an assumption of absolute\ncertainty based upon criteria of value such as a faculty of reason, a\nsoul, divine or evolutionary favor, moral reciprocity, survival of the\nfittest, might makes right, individual selfishness, a bundle of\ncharacteristics or vaguely defined ones which cannot be proven to be\nshared by all humans or lacking in all nonhumans. i.e. some humans are\nmore intelligent or creative than others, some nonhumans are more\nrational than some humans, humans can and do willfully break laws and\nyet the most despised of criminals is usually given more care and\nrespect than the most innocent nonhuman beings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd the importance of such criteria can be doubted - shown not to be\nabsolute objective truth, but subjective arbitrary personal opinions\nconveniently determined by those who stand to benefit from the\ndiscrimination they wish to justify. Nature (and/or deities), through\nenvironmental phenomenon, like weather, earthquakes, gravity, and most\ntelling, the actions of other human beings, cannot be shown to care or\nfavor humans over other life forms as an absolute objective fact.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn absolute is something beyond all doubt and question, the final answer\nto everything. If it can be questioned it cannot be absolute. If one\nstates that humans are superior as a group to other life forms according\nto any defined criteria, whether theistic or atheistic in origin, it can\nbe questioned. For secular humanists it is the \u0026ldquo;absolute certain truth\u0026rdquo;\nof a supposedly mindless universe that yet can judge some as more\nimportant than others through an evolutionary version of the Great Chain\nof Being. For spiritual humanists it is one or more divinities that do\nnot make their presence known to doubters in direct ways and have\nencouraged violent conflict among those that are supposedly the \u0026ldquo;chosen\u0026rdquo;\npeople.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe inability to prove human superiority as anything other than a biased\npersonal opinion means that a human supremacist, who wants to exclude\nnonhumans from equal and fair moral consideration, is using the same\nkind of belief structure/biased personal opinion that a racial\nsupremacist uses. Without intending to, the human supremacist is\nproviding the racial bigot with the justification to defend their own\ndiscrimination, focused on race not species. The same holds true for\nhumans who may care most about gender or religion or age or wealth or\nclass or appearance or all the other criteria and characteristics which\nhumans have and do use to discriminate and exploit other humans. Wishful\nthinking, best intentions, idealistic moral principles, and laws have\nnot changed this reality since the beginning of recorded history.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEven the most delusional human supremacist who makes the ridiculous\nclaim that humans have a \u0026ldquo;tenacious moral instinct\u0026rdquo; to favor humans over\nnonhumans will lock their doors or have security because they have a far\nmore tenacious moral instinct that they cannot trust all humans. We call\nthe actions of these untrustworthy humans criminal or abnormal behavior\ndepending on victim and victimizer status - but if it occurs frequently\nenough that we have police and laws in an effort to discourage such\nphenomenon then how can it be unnatural? In wars, such behavior is not\nonly tolerated, but encouraged.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe consequences of this fact of human nature is routinely overlooked\n(by all sides) resulting in a double standard moral blind spot in the\narguments of those who reject animal rights which can be exposed by\nrepeatedly addressing the issue of human exploitation of other humans.\nIn other words, rubbing their faces in the truth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd the systemic exploitation of nonhumans is too important for you not\nto educate on these matters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA common myth of modern times is that cruelty and sadistic violence are\nprimal behaviors - wild, beastly, inhuman, while compassion and\nmoderation are \u0026ldquo;humane\u0026rdquo; traits - the gift of lofty intellect evolving\nand progressing to a better existence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese are slogans humans use to set themselves apart from the mortal\nuniverse and the eventual death and decay that is the destiny of all\nliving beings. It also demonstrates the human supremacy mythology in\nvocabulary.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe human supremacist will boast about the exceptional nature of\nhumanity and that humans are different from nonhumans not only in degree\nbut kind. It can be demonstrated that they are right, but not in the way\nthey boast. Observable reality shows us that the most sadistic acts,\nphysical or mental cruelty in history are perpetuated by humans alone,\nand humans are the only animal that can be proven without a doubt to\ntake pleasure from knowing that they are making others suffer, either\nmentally or physically. Some even derive sexual arousal from it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe know that there are tribes that have engaged in sadistic cruelty\nagainst humans and nonhumans such as insertion of long sticks into the\nhearts of domesticated pigs in order that they slowly and painfully\nbleed to death (Tribal pig ritual: Hearts of Darkness: A Filmmaker\u0026rsquo;s\nApocalypse 1991).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Roman Coliseum was a great architectural project created for the\nstaging of cruelty and death to amuse up to 80 000 people. Every kind of\nanimal in addition to human (from child to elderly, able-limbed or\nhandicapped) were tortured and killed in canned hunts. Even acts of\nbestiality based on myths were staged.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome humans will claim that human superiority is shown by the ability to\ncompose a symphony or build a rocket even though only a small number of\nhumans engage in such practices. By the same token, they will not assume\nthat all humans are depraved psychotics just because there have been\nmurderers and world leaders who have created war and destruction. That\nis an example of cherry picking. The same phenomenon occurs in how\nhumans regard nonhuman behavior.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe know that the domesticated cat, being fed and with idle time, will\nexhibit predatory behavior towards mice. There are humans who eat meat\nby choice and assume they are civilized who will claim the cat is\nsadistic - enjoying the suffering they inflict on a mouse. They will\nignore the fact that a domestic cat did not ask to be domesticated nor\ndid a mouse ask to be in man-made environments such as a kitchen or a\nyard where they are at greater risk from a natural born predatory\nanimal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is highly speculative if not outright ludicrous and malicious in an\nall too human way to interpret that natural predator/carnivore behavior\nto suggest cats enjoy the suffering they cause a small animal, knowing\nthat they cause them suffering. By such logic they must assume a cat\nthinks a ball of string is alive and be contemplating politics and\nreligion. These malicious assumptions are not far from the idea that\nnonhuman animals are demons, as was believed by some in the Middle\nAges - and used to justify torturing them in witch trials.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn animal can enjoy aggressive behavior without thinking about the\nmental state and bodily feelings of another. Humans can as well, but we\nalso know that humans can and do take pleasure from the suffering of\nothers. They will design elaborate tortures either for scientific trivia\nor for public amusement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEven the most aggressive of felines have not been observed staging mouse\ntorture exhibitions for the amusement of other cats.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNonhuman animals in their natural habitat are moderate in their use of\nviolence, mostly restricted to observable survival-related behavior.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we were fair and rational the definitions of humane and inhumane\nwould be reversed so as to correct the twisted delusional reality\ncreated by a human supremacy belief.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne merely needs to read the daily news to find examples of sadistic\nhuman behavior - torture, murder, cruelty, against family members and\nstrangers. No matter how pessimistic one may be about human nature, you\nare bound to find some news item that will shock you for its details on\natrocious human behavior.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe same capacity for \u0026ldquo;reason\u0026rdquo; that allows one to do mathematics can be\nused to design a torture device or urge a suicidal person to jump from a\nbuilding or to tie a child to a bed, starving them and abusing them for\nyears. We could list endless examples of humans torturing nonhumans\n(just the act of confining them to a cage or chain for their entire\nlives qualifies) but the human supremacist bigot may not only dismiss\nsuch atrocities, but mock them. If you cite examples of human\nexploitation of humans from the news or history, it can be useful in\ndiminishing the arrogance of that type of supremacist and at the very\nleast, take away their humorous attitude when discussing animal rights\nissues.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConcern for the lives of nonhuman animals is ancient, co-existing with\nother social concerns and found among the works of literature in Ancient\nGreece and Rome and extending to the Eastern religions of Buddhism and\nJainism. From Homer to Shakespeare to Al-MaŹæarri to Oliver Wendell\nHolmes, you find examples of \u0026ldquo;animal rights\u0026rdquo; belief - even the\nFrankenstein Monster states he is a vegetarian.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis runs contrary to a widespread neo-Darwinian urban legend that\nsuggests \u0026ldquo;animal rights\u0026rdquo; belief only came into existence after the\nIndustrial revolution, when technological luxuries afforded so-called\ntrivial reflections on human relations with Nature. At its most absurd,\nthe birth date for animal rights is listed as somewhere in the 1960s,\nstarting with the coining of the word \u0026ldquo;speciesism\u0026rdquo; by former vivisector\nRichard Ryder and then the mid-1970s publication of Animal Liberation by\nPeter Singer, a welfarist who is called the \u0026ldquo;father\u0026rdquo; of Animal Rights by\nthe sensational media. He was followed by Tom Regan, and there is an\nentire generation of philosopher/animal rights experts who each have\ntheir own special \u0026ldquo;recipe\u0026rdquo; for animal rights theory and a selection of\ndisciples.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNo one owns common sense and the truth.\u003c/strong\u003e This argument for animal\nrights belongs to everyone and is rooted in ideas that date back to\nancient times. The atrocities committed against inhabitants of the world\nare far too serious to reduce to trivial intellectual exercises and\nthought games. Who owns the argument against racism? What special recipe\nis considered the best for gender equality?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSinger and others are often easy targets for the opposition because they\npresent arguments that can be attacked and/or they do not articulate\nthemselves in ways that are easily accessible to the public.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is all too common for animal activists to take the path of least\nresistance and let the opponent dictate the talking points and framing\nof issues in discussion and debate. This can create a weaker and\ndefensive posture which is not ideal for successful persuasive argument.\nIf you know the facts and how the opposition is wrong you can shape the\ndebate so that you are constantly challenging their beliefs, forcing\nthem to prove their validity (when they cannot). This is not difficult\nto do, but it requires that you know how debates are framed and looking\nbeyond the specific point being discussed to understand what your\naudience\u0026rsquo;s mindset is and the true beliefs motivating them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot all arguments are the same. Their impact on an audience can vary\ndepending on the person and the phrasing. This can be demonstrated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen someone mentions famous vegetarians as a way of showing that it is\na good thing, it is almost inevitable that \u0026ldquo;wasn\u0026rsquo;t Hitler a vegetarian?\u0026rdquo;\nwill be thrown into the discussion. [Editor: By the way, Hitler was\n\u003ca href=\"https://bitesizevegan.org/ethics/was-hitler-a-vegetarian/\"\u003enot even close to being\nvegetarian\u003c/a\u003e.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeter Singer\u0026rsquo;s response to this is recorded to be: \u0026ldquo;Just because Hitler\nhad a nose doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean we should cut off ours.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe will examine this response - but first let us think about the Hitler\nwas a vegetarian attack. Why does someone say this? The gist is usually\nto make vegetarians look bad or mad - by linking them to someone\nconsidered popularly to be the worst human being in history. If Hitler\nwas a vegetarian it not only makes vegetarians negative by association,\nbut could lead to other slanders like Hitler hated humans, preferred\nnonhuman animals, outlawed vivisection except on humans. These\naccusations have been debunked - Hitler ate meat, the Nazis did not ban\nnonhuman vivisection, Hitler\u0026rsquo;s inner staff included a trophy hunter, but\nsimply stating such facts is not the only way to make an answer. You can\nalso attack the opponent\u0026rsquo;s beliefs at the same time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSinger\u0026rsquo;s answer comparing vegetarianism to a nose is adequate but not\nstrong. It is a defensive response. He is not disagreeing with the\nassertion that Hitler was a vegetarian, merely saying that we should not\nlet his association with it influence our own actions. By comparing\nvegetarianism to a body part, it also takes the discussion out of the\nrealm of animal rights and into detached philosophical academia. It may\nseem like a common sense comparison, but it is not addressing the\nbeliefs of the person who is posing the question.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are some other responses one could say:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Gandhi was a vegetarian - so you think he was a warmongering Nazi?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis answer doesn\u0026rsquo;t confirm or deny Hitler was a vegetarian but it uses\nanother historical figure with a positive reputation, and mocks the idea\nthat vegetarianism equals evil. It is not just a defense but a counter-\nattack.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Al Capone started the first soup kitchens in Chicago so you must think\npoverty workers are gangsters too.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis answer does not deny Hitler was a vegetarian but attacks the\nintention by using a human-focused alternative to expose the same\nabsurdity that Singer was trying to expose - that the benign attributes\nof an individual known for destructive attitudes and behavior reflect\nnegatively on others who share the same benign attribute.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Stalin was a meat eating hunter whose actions killed many more than\nHitler.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis answer does not deny Hitler\u0026rsquo;s vegetarianism or mock the intention\nbehind the suggestion, instead it shows how someone associated with meat\neating or hunting can be even more destructive. This is not a strong\nanswer because the association between meat eating or hunting and\ndestroying humans is not really denied - people have assumed the truth\nof \u0026ldquo;violence begets violence\u0026rdquo; since ancient times. It also requires that\none trust the numbers on Stalin\u0026rsquo;s killing as well as invites challenges\nthat Hitler\u0026rsquo;s policies were more widespread and cruel even if the death\ntoll was less.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Hitler was actually a meat eating catholic.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis answer denies the vegetarian claim and counters it by associating\nHitler not only with meat eaters but widely accepted organized religion\nso there is an extra charge for the person who made the statement to\ncontend with.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt requires that one fact check the information for validity, but the\n\u0026ldquo;Hitler was a vegetarian\u0026rdquo; claim is also based on unsubstantiated facts.\nBecause many people believe in a deity and many atrocities have been\ncommitted in the name of religion, the assumption that Hitler was\nreligious is easy to accept on a gut level - even more so than his\nvegetarianism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Do you really think a moral vegetarian would start wars that kill\nwildlife and destroy the environment?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis answer does not rely on a fact check - instead it questions the\nidea that Hitler could have been a true vegetarian and directly\nchallenges the intent of the original statement by pointing out the\ncommon sense absurdity of someone committed to nonviolence engaging in\nmass warfare.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;Hitler was a vegetarian\u0026rdquo; issue is trivial. Now we will look at a\nmore central kind of argument situation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;If humans are equal to animals they should be able to behave as other\nanimals do and exploit other animals.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA common response to this is to say that nonhumans do lots of things\nlike urinating in open spaces or running around naked, therefore we are\nalready selective in what traits we choose to emulate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile this answer counters the claim that true equality is intended or\ndesired, and that we already choose what traits we follow or ignore, it\nis not a totally satisfying response as it does not directly challenge\nthe beliefs of the person making the statement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlthough it speaks of human equality to nonhumans this is not the true\nmotive in the statement. The goal is to argue that humans are superior\nin worth - deserving of special rights. How do we know this? We know\nthis because it says nothing about humans being able to exploit other\nhumans, which is also natural.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow we will show how one can respond specifically using the approach we\nadvocate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e If the person truly wants\nhumans to be able to behave as nonhumans do, then human exploitation of\nother humans should be justified since nonhumans do not use laws and\nhave been known to exploit each other (i.e. eating their young,\nabandoning sick offspring etc). Why conveniently stop the exploitation\nat nonhuman relations? This shows that the person believes in human\nsuperiority and a moral double standard. We have already shown that\nhuman superiority beliefs are personal opinion like racial superiority\nclaims, thus someone can justify exploiting other humans by the same\nbelief system. This answer not only counters the idea that humans seek\nto behave like other animals, but forces the person to accept that the\nexploiting of nonhumans cannot be justified IF one wishes to curb\nexploitation of humans in moral policy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerhaps the most routine way that the opposition dictates the debate is\nin the expectation that animal rights advocates must have perfect\nmorality. They must not harm any living creature or contribute to such\nharm. Even the issue of Hitler\u0026rsquo;s vegetarianism and ignoring his\nreligious beliefs is an example of this - a vegetarian animal rights\nsupporter is expected to be perfect, a religious person is not held\naccountable for inquisitions or other personal failings much of the\ntime.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAny perceived lapse by the advocate is called hypocrisy (a misuse of the\nword since a hypocrite is someone who claims to believe something but\nactually does not - i.e. a minister who preaches against marital\ninfidelity and is found in the company of a prostitute - inconsistency\nis more often the case with animal rights advocates rather than\nhypocrisy).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe perfection demand provides a means of shifting the discussion to the\npersonal conduct of the advocate instead of the issues they are\nprotesting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome in the animal rights community reinforce this expectation of\nperfection when they are evangelical and judgmental about moral lapses\nby other advocates. They can appear to care more about criticizing\nfellow animal advocates for lifestyle imperfection than they are in\nchallenging those who are most strongly opposed to animal rights causes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is unreasonable to expect perfection when we live in societies where\nit is not remotely possible i.e. when you are accused of acquiring\nplant-based food that kills animals in fields during mechanized crop\ngathering, you can answer this by suggesting that unavoidable killing is\nnot the same as deliberate killing or that less harmful means of\nacquiring plant-based foods is possible. These are adequate responses\nalthough they do not address the core belief that motivates the attack,\nwhich is the belief in human supremacy and the ethical double standards\nthat arise from it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e advocates for human\nrights causes are not held to the same demand of perfection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey are not expected to stop every homicide or act of child abuse or\nlive on land that was not taken by force from other humans in a\nterritorial war in the distant past. Perfection is not a requirement for\nhuman rights. The common view is that while car accidents and wars\nhappen it does not mean that ethical concern for humans is forfeit and\npointless and that concentration camps are justified. The same standard\nshould apply for nonhuman causes if we are fair. An accidental death of\nan insect does not justify factory farms or vivisection labs - which do\nnot happen by accident or sprout naturally like flowers. They require\nimmense energy and time to design and build and maintain which makes the\nexcuses for them all the more ridiculous.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal rights activists are also vulnerable to accusations of being a\nmisanthrope or human hater - a traitor, or accused of putting nonhumans\nahead of human lives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn response to this advocates may well qualify their beliefs in obedient\nways and state that meat eating or hunting is wrong now, but was\nnecessary a thousand years ago, and that if one is stranded in some\nremote situation - on a boat at sea or in the Arctic, that it would be\njustified to exploit other animals to survive.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e human history is built\nupon wars, crime, rape, and slavery. By the same standards one could say\nthat human slavery was justified at one time to build human civilization\n(as was argued by pro-slavery writers through the 19th century). If one\nneeds to survive in the Arctic (what one is doing in such a place where\nthey are at risk of resource scarcity is a moral question in itself)\nthen exploiting other humans would also be justifiable if one is just\nand not blinded by delusions of human importance in Nature when no\nevidence exists for it - least of all in human behavior.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt should be noted that some advocates do mention that humans would be\neligible for exploitation in a desperate survival situation but it is\noften stated in passing or after conceding that the exploitation of\nnonhuman animals is justifiable. It is better to state this reality\nbefore making any concession that nonhumans can be exploited for it\nmakes the point stronger.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou are either with us or against us is another common demand when\nanimal rights issues are raised. The way this usually gets expressed is\nwith a hypothetical \u0026ldquo;would you sacrifice the life of a human (your\nchild, a stranger) to save a nonhuman?\u0026rdquo; The situation may be a burning\nbuilding, or a river, or a lifeboat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis attack is intended to force the animal rights advocate into an\nethical contradiction. Many take the path of least resistance and\nattempt to answer it in a non-threatening way. They may cite utilitarian\ncalculations to indicate why they may save humans over nonhumans or vice\nversa - based on \u0026ldquo;needs of the many\u0026rdquo; ideology or maximizing happiness\ndoctrine. Some touch upon the double standard of the supremacy myth and\nhuman exploitation of humans in non- aggressive ways - using another\nhypothetical example of comatose patients and healthy individuals, and\nsuggesting that a decision to save healthy individuals over sick ones\ndoes not mean that concentration camps are justified.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e There is a stronger way\nof responding, one that puts the question poser on the defensive.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAsk them who they would save if the choice was a family member or a\nstranger? Would they choose the more familiar person? If they choose the\nmore familiar, does that mean the loser deserves to be put in\nlaboratories or concentration camps? If they do not choose the familiar,\ndoes that mean they love a stranger more than their own child?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFair is fair. This response exposes the human supremacy blind spot and\nputs humans on an equal footing with nonhumans as it should be in ethics\nand justice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs indicated before, some will deny that human supremacy beliefs are a\nfactor, and claim on one hand that survival of the fittest is the true\nbasis for the discrimination/exploitation, while on the other that human\nrights law is in everyone\u0026rsquo;s best interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e The \u0026ldquo;dog eat dog\u0026rdquo;\nphilosophy conveniently ends at a human line, even though daily news\nindicates that Nature does not honor that border when it comes to human\nbehavior.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe double standard morality is also evident in the argument that it is\nin one\u0026rsquo;s best interest to accept human rights beliefs for your own\nprotection. There are tribes, dictators, and social classes who have\ndone quite well without caring about the rights of all humans. Does a\nfamily living in the Appalachian Mountains need to care about the rights\nof a villager in Lebanon? In practical terms most people go about their\nlives with little contact with humans in the rest of the world, and\ncould well be a dictator in their own house without ever facing justice\nfor it. Nature does not cause a storm of hail to descend upon these\nviolators of the absolute truth of human supremacy. The earth does not\nopen up and swallow them. But citing survival of the fittest leads to\nanother contradiction, some will say the reason we should respect other\nhuman beings is strictly for self interest, the Golden Rule: \u0026ldquo;do under\nothers as you would have them do unto you,\u0026rdquo; not out of a concern for the\nspecies. Once again the best argument against the claim of human\nsupremacy is human behavior.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is the argument that even if nonhumans deserve moral concern,\nhuman problems must always come first.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e If you claim morality\nfollows such a hierarchy of importance, then one could further refine\nand prioritize morality based on the importance of race, gender, age,\nreligion, family, language, territory, etc. since any such boundary is\nbased not on fact but personal opinion. Many would say we should not\nprioritize morality and charity based on bias and personal opinions but\nfollow the general aim of doing good in any situation, and if we agree\nwith this, then nonhumans are just as valid for equal consideration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe flip side to the \u0026ldquo;human problems first\u0026rdquo; argument is to remind the\nanimal rights advocate, sometimes with a detectable gloating posture,\nthat meat eating, hunting or other nonhuman exploitation will never be\nstopped (and thus we should not even try).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e We must conclude that\nhuman rights causes are just as unlikely to be eliminated completely and\nin some ways even less so than nonhuman rights ones.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe failure to eliminate homicide or child abuse does not seem to foster\na view that we should not even try to curb them. In fairness the same\nshould be true for nonhuman rights issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNonhuman exploitation by humans is due in large part to domestication\nwhich requires immense effort to maintain. By contrast, human slavery,\nchild abuse, and homicide have existed as long as humans have, and will\nlikely continue to do so in some form as long as humans can reproduce.\nThe elimination of the former is actually a more realistic hope when you\nconsider it from a practical standpoint.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother tired human supremacist response to animal rights activists is\nthat if humans have to recognize rights for nonhumans, then nonhumans\nhave to recognize rights for humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e This concept of\nreciprocal moral regard or contractualism is, however, another\nsubjective, personal opinion criteria conveniently determined by those\nwho stand to benefit from the discrimination they wish to justify. There\nare humans (children, mentally handicapped, criminals) who receive\nrights even though they cannot reciprocate (or refuse to).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf humans want laws to curb their behavior they must extend this to\nother beings out of fairness. Only humans require such laws and can be\nheld to them - nonhumans obviously cannot, and to punish them because\nthey cannot do something you know they cannot do is as fair as demanding\na blind man to read a warning sign or an armless man to grab a drowning\nperson and punishing them when they fail.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is dubious to assume that humans have moral codes because they alone\nunderstand the importance of morality or lofty concepts of good vs.\nevil. The universe can not be shown to care about human morality, but\nfor humble practical reasons, humans need moral codes because they can\nbe irrational, unruly, prone to acts of violence and stupidity that risk\ntheir survival, or behavior which a fair number of individuals agree\nshould be discouraged through laws. Nonhumans observed in their natural\nhabitats do not behave the same way. Lions do not appear to need codes\nin their daily lives, but they happen to benefit from the problem\ninherent in human concepts of moral rights that requires they be\nconsidered as beneficiaries of moral concern as a matter of consistency,\nfairness, and justice (and in order to avoid giving an excuse to humans\nwho do not care about human rights to discriminate as they see fit).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd it can be noted that in a way nonhuman animals do respect our\nrights, if unwittingly, by not imprisoning us, exploiting us, torturing\nus, enslaving us, or breeding us for food and entertainment as we do to\nthem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother common expression of human supremacist nonsense is to claim\nhumans are sitting top of the food chain-whatever that is. Hierarchies\nin Nature are human created. For some it is \u0026ldquo;top of the food chain.\u0026rdquo; For\nthose more inclined along racial or religious preferences it is\n\u0026ldquo;Manifest Destiny.\u0026rdquo; Medieval Christian philosophers called it the \u0026ldquo;Great\nChain of Being.\u0026rdquo; Humans just love to feel superior, but the fact is that\nhumans when alive are constantly attacked by microorganisms that eat\nthem, and when dead, are food for maggots and all sorts of other\nso-called lower organisms.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e it can be asked, are\nhumans who prey on other humans (some for cannibalistic dietary\npreferences) \u0026ldquo;more\u0026rdquo; on top of the food chain than other humans?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlthough common sense observation shows us that nonhumans must feel pain\nif they can scream or recoil from attacks, there are humans who are very\nstupid and follow the ravings of the deranged sadist Rene Descartes, who\nbelieved nonhuman animal screams were merely the disruption of\nmechanical gears.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e If we can believe that an\nanimal scream is merely an illusion of pain, then we can also make the\nsame assumption about other humans. We cannot be sure that what we\nperceive as an individual is true reality - thus we can easily claim\nthat other humans are just soulless mechanical objects for our use. If\none wants to have human rights, or believe that other human-like beings\nhave souls and can feel pain, the same courtesy must be extended to\nnonhumans to close this \u0026ldquo;anything goes\u0026rdquo; loophole.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe issue of pain and suffering is not the central issue in animal\nrights - it is unnecessary exploitation. The cruelty issue is secondary\nto this and much like the issue of sentience, can be given too much\nweight - leading to animal welfare ideology instead of an animal rights\nagenda.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf course part of the reason for this focus on pain and suffering and\nsentience is to create a boundary since the argument we present leaves\nthe door open for giving rights status to plant life and even inanimate\nobjects (if one wants to claim that being alive is also a subjective\npersonal opinion criteria which it is). Ultimately rights status is\ndecided by a consensus of individuals who agree to the belief - and if a\nsociety wishes to grant moral worth to plants or inanimate objects they\ncan, the practicability of it is another matter. As mentioned before,\nmoral perfection is impossible - the Supremacy Myth Animal Rights\nArgument dictates that the inability to be morally perfect does not mean\none draws the line at humans anymore than it would mean we draw the line\nat race, gender, family, religion etc. Acknowledging moral status for\npigs or rats and refraining from putting resources into building a\nslaughterhouse or vivisection lab is much easier to accomplish than\ndetermining how best to respect the rights of inanimate objects. We\nshall leave it to those who wish to contemplate such issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne can claim anything when it comes to invisible mute deities, but we\nknow that humans are mortal and subject to the natural phenomenon as\nother life forms. There is no evidence that humans have a special\nquality or soul that leaves the body upon death which nonhumans do not\npossess. Faith is not fact.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlso, there are religious views that believe nonhumans have souls and\ndeserve respect and compassion. In the end you have a \u0026ldquo;my god said this\nand your god said that\u0026rdquo; disagreement which has been the basis for\nendless violence and warfare in the name of invisible mute deities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e If someone can say that\ntheir deity sanctions the systemic exploitation of nonhumans than\nsomeone else can justify the systemic exploitation of humans by claiming\ntheir deity gave them dominion over other humans. There are cultures\nthat have and continue to do this. Whether secular or spiritual you\ncannot have human rights without nonhuman rights since human supremacy\ncannot be proven. We do not allow people to justify human slavery even\nthough the Bible supports it, therefore nonhumans are just as worthy of\nmoral respect.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: although one can find passages in religious books like the Bible\nthat have vegetarian or animal rights friendly wording, there are others\nthat are clearly not sympathetic thus one ends up in a he said/she said\nsituation with battling scripture references. In the final analysis the\nBible supports many things we do not consider just nowadays - that is\nenough reference to use to show why we need not follow the Bible when it\ncomes to violence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome proponents and opponents of animal rights causes claim that humans\nare meant to be custodians or managers of Nature. While it can be\nmotivated by benevolent intentions, it can also derive from malicious\narrogance. For the sake of humility or sanity it can be pointed out that\na common worm is more of a steward of Nature than a human being. Insects\nare called low and worthless yet they help pollinate flowers\n(occasionally they might get acknowledged for their usefulness to\nhumans, but not to themselves). The majority of so-called stewardship\nthat humans do is actually damage control, cleaning up rivers polluted\nby other humans, restoring habitats destroyed by other humans, helping\nwildlife or domestic animals left homeless by other humans, and that\ndoes not include efforts that backfire, like the World Wildlife Fund\u0026rsquo;s\nattempt to curb the hunting of rhinos for traditional Chinese medicine\nby encouraging the hunting of the Saiga instead, which reportedly led to\na 90 percent decline in the latter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e If it is acceptable to\nkill members of other species to keep them from crowding out other\nspecies, then the same should apply to humans if we were fair and just\nsince humans are incredibly destructive.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow can humans claim they are managers when they cannot even manage\nthemselves?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes the belief in human supremacy or universal morals is denied\nand the motto of survival of the fittest or individual selfishness is\nused to defend the systemic exploitation of nonhumans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e Even though it is denied,\nthe belief in human supremacy and a moral code is demonstrated by the\nconvenient oversight that such a motto of survival of the fittest etc.\nwould have for humans. It should justify exploiting other humans just as\nmercilessly as nonhumans since Nature does not prevent it and humans\nhave routinely done it regardless of laws or social consequences.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne can force the person who believes \u0026ldquo;Might Makes Right\u0026rdquo; to concede\npublicly that randomly killing strangers or setting babies on fire is\nacceptable behavior to them. If they refuse, then it proves they do\nbelieve in the human supremacy myth, which is the same as a belief in\nracial supremacy, and therefore their ethical beliefs are founded on an\nunfair double standard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArguments to excuse hunting are numerous, so we will focus on the basics\nand how the supremacy myth animal rights argument is employed to answer\nthem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA long standing fable is that humans are natural predators like a wolf\nor tiger, but the opposite is easy to prove. Real predators face a\ndifficult lifestyle. They have to chase their food, risk injury which\ncan be lethal, deal with competitors, and be thwarted by the prey\nthemselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHumans are not born with the tools to chase down, rip apart, and devour\nprey. They require externally manufactured instruments such as spears,\nstones, and projectile weapons. Without these humans, being so\nphysically weak, would be barely able to capture a sick bird.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe routine answer for this is that the human mind and the tools they\ncreate are the equivalent of fangs and claws.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e we realize that the same\ntool- making ability that is used for hunting non human animals can also\nbe used for digging in the soil to plant seeds or to kill other human\nbeings. You do not often hear about tigers and wolves planting gardens\nor killing other tigers and wolves. Thus humans are not natural\npredators unless humans are included as among their natural prey.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition, humans also accidentally kill themselves or other humans\nwhen hunting. This can occur with guns or spears. It is unlikely that\ntrue predator animals accidentally kill themselves on their own claws or\nmistake a fellow lion for a gazelle. Natural predators have no \u0026ldquo;hunting\nseasons.\u0026rdquo; It can also be pointed out that the dismissive regard for the\n\u0026ldquo;accidental\u0026rdquo; deaths of non- hunting humans killed in proximity to\nhunting areas suggests that the lives of humans are considered less\nimportant than preserving the activity of recreational killing of\nnonhumans. Once more the human supremacy myth is debunked using the\nroutine reality of human exploitation of humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal Rights advocates can get particularly timid when it comes to the\nissue of non European cultures and those with limited economic resources\nwho systematically exploit nonhumans. Usually it is considered a minor\nconcern when compared to exploitation carried out by urban dwellers or\nignored due to fears of being labeled a racist, privileged colonial\ntrouble maker etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut if you do not express a consistent ethical view that evaluates these\nissues with fairness and justice, you leave a back door open in your\nethics which invites all exploiters to cite these exceptions as proof\nthat they should be exempt as well, and undermining the animal rights\nargument in general.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe basic idea: the closer a human lives to Nature without industrial\nmeans, the more one is entitled to commit acts of violence and\ndiscrimination against members of other species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e If one is poor and of any\nracial extraction, it is not usually considered permissible for the\nperson to exploit and kill other humans for subsistence or basic\nsurvival. If one lived in an environment where a need to kill other\nhumans for survival was a routine occurrence, then it would be strongly\nencouraged or demanded that the person or persons relocate or alter\ntheir survival patterns to be in harmony with accepted moral standards.\nThe morality of exploiting other humans when it is not absolutely\nnecessary would trump any lifestyle or tradition argument. Even a\nCaucasian critic would not usually have to worry about being called a\nracist because they oppose these activities of non-whites.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we are to be fair and just in our moral principles, then racial\ncharacter and economic status would not be deemed an excuse for harming\ninnocent lives when alternatives exist.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf a tribe was killing humans for food, we would offer support to stop\nthis from happening. Ideally, this should be the same principle when\ndealing with any human group in their systemic exploitation of nonhuman\nanimals if we regard all humans as equal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is not extreme or unreasonable; it is merely exercising fairness\nand consistency in moral policy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis basic concept of morality is like the sun - people in different\nregions have different words for it, but they all mean the same object.\nThe moral principle of regarding yourself and others as equal and\ndeserving of respect is universal to any human society on earth - we are\nsimply refining it for consistency and fairness. If a member of a\npre-industrial tribe would say that it is wrong for anyone to harm their\ntribal group while at the same time claiming it is morally justified for\nthe tribe to systemically harm nonhumans, they are guilty of the same\ndouble standard morality and bigoted views demonstrated by their urban\ncounterparts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe practicality of implementing a more ethical lifestyle is not\nrelevant to the ethical argument. As we pointed out - morality is not\nperfect and one can only do the best we can, but systemic exploitation\nis not doing the best you can.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe know that humans of any racial heritage are capable of\ndiscrimination, unfairness, bigotry, and exploitation. We also know that\nhumans of any ancestry have dealt with wars, crime, slavery, illness,\ndisability, and injustice. We do not allow someone descended from a\nfamily who was slaughtered in a war to justify their own behavior\nagainst others because of their ancestor\u0026rsquo;s plight. Thus to be fair and\njust, someone descended from a designated ethnic group that experienced\nslavery does not mean they have the right to justify their own\ndiscrimination and exploitation of others by citing this link.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHuman societies that have access to industrialized technology, and in\nfact live in association with urban societies while at the same time\nseeking to maintain pre-industrial lifestyles, exhibit a double standard\nin their moral values. They are willing to embrace modern technology and\ninstruments but reject any notion that they should give up violent\nbehavior that arises from their own particular version of Manifest\nDestiny.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf they are willing to give up human slavery or human sacrifice (which\nwas also practiced by some tribes) than surely it is no outrage to\nsuggest they treat other living beings as they would wish to be treated\nthemselves. An Inuit would no doubt say that a Canadian of European\ndescent has no moral right to exploit them, so what right do they have\nto do the same to seals, polar bears, elk etc? They cannot claim they\nare natives of the Arctic as a polar bear is, since the latter requires\nno artificial means to survive-while humans do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf one truly believes that humans are equal then race is irrelevant. To\nsuggest that some humans deserve special consideration or moral\nexemptions because of their ethnic or cultural background is to endorse\nan ethical double standard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVivisection, when stripped of the window dressing and excuses, is the\npractice of torturing captive animals in ways that would be considered\natrocities if done to the most hated criminals. The only release from\nthis suffering is death and if the tormentors had the power to prevent\nit you can be certain some would be keeping them alive to study the long\nterm effects of pain and misery. There are no boundaries in vivisection.\nAny and every kind of torture has been conducted and new ones are\ncontemplated every day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHumans have always gravitated towards sadistic behavior against those\nthey could exploit for reasons that had nothing to do with basic\nsurvival. There are Stone Age tribes that have been documented torturing\nother animals for ritualistic purposes. Such behavior continues to the\npresent in many cultures. The excuses may vary and the tools change, but\nthe behavior remains the same.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVivisectors are not experts at preventing harm, they are experts at\ncausing it. People who want to heal become doctors, not torturers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo make the strongest case against vivisection you must understand what\nmotivates those that support it and be able to see past their verbal\nexplanations and excuses to observe the scope of the problem. You want\nto dissect their beliefs and show them that they are wrong. They may\nstill deny the truth but you can present your case in a way that makes\ntheir excuses as logical as 2 + 2 = 5.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe motivating belief in vivisection is the myth that humans are\nsuperior in value as a group to other beings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHuman supremacy beliefs are biased personal opinion just like a belief\nin racial, gender, or religious supremacy. Any trait, criteria, or\nattribute cited to confirm this alleged superiority, whether mind,\nintelligence, soul, creativity, Divine or Biological specialness,\nsurvival of the fittest, tenacious moral instinct, moral reciprocity, or\nan unspecified faculty X, are as much subjective personal opinion as the\nimportance given to skin colour or gender. Nature does not confirm this\nalleged superiority through natural phenomenon like weather, gravity,\nearthquakes etc and the constant routine natural exploitation of humans\nby other humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you claim humans can justify the systemic exploitation of nonhumans\nbased on biased personal opinion then another human can justify the\nsystemic exploitation of humans using biased personal opinion. Nature\ncannot be shown to care. Invisible supreme deities are mute on the\nsubject and allegedly indisputable religious texts are constantly\ndisputed. If you want human rights you must accept nonhuman rights to\nclose this loophole.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnly humans can be shown to use laws in an effort to control their\nbehavior thus they are the only ones obligated to follow them, nonhumans\nbenefit without needing to reciprocate out of fairness and consistency,\nsince punishing them for being unable to follow human laws when you know\nthey cannot would be like punishing a blind man for not reading warning\nsigns or an armless man for not grabbing a drowning swimmer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoral perfection is impossible; you only do the best you can in any\ngiven situation. The failure to stop homicide or child abuse does not\njustify concentration camps, thus the failure to stop the accidental\ndeath of microbes or plants does not justify the construction and\nmaintenance of vivisection labs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat in essence is the irrefutable argument that explains why\nvivisection is wrong. But it is common for the animal rights activist to\nlet the opposition lead the discussion and focus on particulars that are\nnot as relevant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is valuable in a debate situation for the speaker to state the\nstrongest case of the opposing side and dismantle it at the same time.\nThat way the opponent cannot do anything but restate what you have\nalready debunked, which puts them in a weak position.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the typical debate, the researcher will say vivisection is justified\nbecause of the alleged benefits, which is a robotic and obvious answer\nthat is devoid of moral justification; as if a thief or murderer stated\nthat their acts were justified because of the material benefits to\nthemselves or their family.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd they will say that vivisection is necessary for medical progress and\nthat differences between humans and nonhumans are minimal (except when\nit comes to moral value). Or they will say they have to use nonhumans\nbecause experiments done on humans would be unethical (you will notice\nthat when it comes to nonhumans the word \u0026ldquo;cruel\u0026rdquo; is thrown around, while\nfor humans it is \u0026ldquo;immoral\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;unethical.\u0026rdquo; That is welfarist thinking -\nas nonhumans are not considered worthy enough for respect or rights). At\nthis point the animal rights advocate will disagree and turn to experts\non the anti-vivisection side to argue the case that nonhumans are not\nnecessary for human research and can even be counter productive (as in\nthe often mentioned case of Thalidomide-proven to be safe on nonhumans\nbut not for humans).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile the argument can be compelling it has weaknesses in its power to\npersuade which is why it should never be the main argument. One must\nlook at the issue from the motivations and beliefs of the audience. The\nmain problem is that the audience is expected to decide that a doctor\nrepresenting the animal rights side cares more about human health than a\nresearcher who is backed by the medical establishment. No matter how\ncorrupt or sociopathic or foolish a vivisector may be, they have that\npublic relations advantage, especially when scientific information is\nbeing discussed which often goes over the heads of the audience.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd by entertaining a discussion on usefulness, you invite, as George\nBernard Shaw observed, the idea that if animal experimentation was shown\nto be useful, it would be justifiable. The key issue is the morality -\nthe right and wrong of the act - based on the false belief in human\nsuperiority. Debunk this by exposing how human superiority is nothing\nbut biased personal opinion like racial superiority beliefs and that an\nacceptance of such biased personal opinions for moral policy would allow\none to justify human exploitation of humans by the same logic. You\ncannot have human rights without accepting nonhuman rights.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe claim that vivisection is a necessity or useful is not the real\nmotivation for vivisection. Common sense shows us that it is a choice\nnot a need by the very fact that only a tiny fraction of humans engage\nin the practice. It is not comparable to requiring food or water for\ndaily survival. Disease is unpleasant but natural. Death is natural.\nAlso, there are many examples of exploitation of nonhumans which\neveryone knows is far removed from any concept of necessity or\nusefulness and yet exists. Why assume vivisectors would operate\ndifferently from hunters, rodeo performers, or zookeepers simply because\nsome claim they are motivated by (grossly misguided) altruism when they\nengage in extreme torture of innocent beings?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEven if the research was not useful there would still be those who say\nit is perfectly acceptable (given that nonhuman lives are inferior and\ndisposable). It is seriously naĆÆve to assume that any reported\nbreakthrough in research technology will lead to an end to vivisection.\nThis assumes that vivisectors respect nonhuman lives - if they did, they\nwould not be doing any vivisection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is a perversion of altruism and compassion - you claim that you are\nattempting to heal Peter by torturing and killing Paul, Pat, and\ncountless others and calling it an act of kindness. Some accept it with\nvivisection primarily because the assumption of human superiority to the\nvictims and the blatant moral double standard is unquestioned.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you would not think it is rational to find a cure for diseases in\ngiraffes by experimenting on elephants why would you think it is\nrational to cure disease in humans by using mice, rats, dogs or chimps?\nCommon sense indicates there are anatomical differences internally and\nexternally between individuals and species just as there are\nsimilarities. Humans are still the best and true model for research.\nNonhuman animal research is big business for scientists, breeders, and\ncage manufacturers, and the former have a vested interest in conjuring\nup new experiments on \u0026ldquo;disposable\u0026rdquo; life forms to keep their paychecks,\nwhile telling the public that the research is important and a\n\u0026ldquo;breakthrough.\u0026rdquo; A week does not go by without another report of a\n\u0026ldquo;scientific miracle\u0026rdquo; thanks to non human animal experiments; although\nusually with the caution that human trials are years away.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt shares some similarities with ancient augury and the practices of\nwitch doctors. Pagan priests would cut open live animals and read their\nentrails to encourage the hope and health of society (a good harvest,\neasy childbirth). Those that opposed it endangered society by angering\nthe gods. Today, researchers claim that if nonhuman animal research\nstopped, the world would descend into a hell of disease and misery\n(without explaining why society and culture endured even during the\nBubonic plague). By such logic, humans should have been extinct eons\nago. Animal researchers promote the view that life works according to a\nquasi-Darwinian \u0026ldquo;Great Chain of Being\u0026rdquo; hierarchy where animals follow a\nladder of complexity - starting with worms and ending with humanity, and\nthat you can take them apart and reassemble them as easily as a jigsaw\npuzzle. If nonhuman animal research is necessary for producing safe\ndrugs and treatments why then do we need clinical trials on humans? Why\ndoes Pfizer have to conduct medical trials in Africa? Why do drugs like\nThalidomide get pulled after being shown to be safe in nonhuman animals?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e The ridiculousness of\nthe claim that nonhuman research is necessary is demonstrated if you ask\nthe research supporter this question: If they had a choice between a\ndrug tested only on rats or chimps, and a drug tested only on humans,\nwhich would they deem safer for human use? The answer determines one\u0026rsquo;s\nactual belief in the importance of nonhuman animals in research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe only reason this logical hypothetical is not asked is because of the\ndouble standard morality created by the human supremacy myth and\nintellectual blindness to it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuch discussions never go far without someone saying: \u0026ldquo;if you had to\nsave the life of your child, would you not sacrifice a rat?\u0026rdquo; Ignoring\nthe fact that scientists cannot find cures for illnesses by simply\ntorturing one or a few or thousands of rats to death no matter how much\nthey want people to believe they can perform magical miracles, the\nanswer to this should be no less controversial than the following\nalternative scenario.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e If you had a choice\nbetween your child and a neighbor\u0026rsquo;s who would you choose?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you chose your child, does it mean you want the neighbor\u0026rsquo;s child to\nbe tortured in a lab? If you refuse to choose, does that mean you do not\nlove your child as much as your neighbor\u0026rsquo;s? This type of question is not\nraised, even when common sense tells us that the best and safest\nresearch model for human disease is another human. If finding a cure for\ndisease is so important, why aren\u0026rsquo;t scientists and patients advocating\nthe use of criminals or volunteers in medical experiments? Humans are\nthe best and safest model for research, and we send healthy people off\nto be maimed and killed in wars for natural resources, religion and\npolitical ideology, and yet the war against cancer is only considered of\ndire importance when it comes to the discussion of abolishing nonhuman\nanimals in research. This exposes how the double standard of the human\nsupremacy myth is the driving force in defenses of vivisection. The more\nrecent claims that genetic engineering can alter the physiology of\nnonhuman animals so they are better models for human research also\nexploits public ignorance since it requires faith that scientists\nunderstand Nature so well that they can predict how the physiology of\nother species will react to the altered genetics. But even if they could\nturn a nonhuman into a perfect copy of human anatomy with the same\nresponses to chemicals, the torture and death could not be justified by\nthe discriminatory ethical arguments based on the false belief in human\nsupremacy as mentioned earlier. Citing alleged benefits of an action is\nnot the same as providing ethical justification for it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a bullying tactic, researchers and their proponents will say that\nanimal rights activists cannot protest animal research if they have\nbenefited from research that has been linked to nonhuman animal research\nexperiments.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument:\u003c/strong\u003e They ignore that research\non humans against their consent has also been done and the research\npreserved. Do they make the same demand of human rights activists that\nthey cannot use anything that may be traced back to human\nexperimentation? The work of Joseph Mengele is well known, but there is\nalso James Marion Sims, former head of the American Medical Association\nwho experimented on black slaves and was awarded for his humanitarian\nefforts by a statue in New York\u0026rsquo;s Central Park. And there is Jonas Salk,\nreported to have deliberately infected patients at mental hospitals with\ninfluenza.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResearchers say they need to use nonhuman animals for research because\nthey are like us - and yet they say they deserve no rights because they\nare not like us. This highlights the real issue: the motivation for\nanimal research beyond money and sociopathic tendencies is an arrogant\nbelief that humans as a species are superior in value to all other life,\nbased upon biased personal opinion criteria conveniently determined by\nthose who stand to benefit from the discrimination and exploitation.\nSims and Mengele and Salk thought the same way about the use of humans\nthey deemed inferior.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf one cannot be against vivisection if they were unwitting patients of\ncorporate medicine, then the same is true for those using Pfizer drugs\n(who experimented on humans in the 90s). Or those using any medication\nthat can be linked to the Nazi research (which was kept for human\nmedicine). Or anyone with medication treatments linked to Jonas Salk or\nJames Sims. Beyond that one should not be advocating for human rights if\nthey live on land that was taken in a war - or pay taxes to governments\nthat finance human rights abuses or warfare. No one can be perfect in an\nimperfect world. If human rights supporters are not expected to be\nperfect than the same holds true for supporters of nonhuman animal\nrights causes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we say that someone who is ill does not have the moral right to\ndemand that other humans be used for research to find a cure (even\nthough the results would be far more beneficial than using nonhumans)\nthen logically since humans cannot be shown to be superior to other\nbeings (as all standards and criteria are based on biased personal\nopinions like they are for racial supremacy etc.) they cannot make the\nsame demand when it comes to nonhumans used in vivisection. It is not\ncomplicated - it simple and fair morality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome will charge that the animal rights advocate must come up with\nalternatives to nonhuman research. This is an example of a bullying\ntactic and upside down view of fairness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf one seeks to find cures for human illness, the onus is on them to do\nit in a way that does not violate basic and consistent standards of\nmoral conduct, not the animal advocate for pointing out the immorality\nof a practice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe problem of evil is a philosophical issue that focuses on reasons why\na seemingly all powerful, all knowing, all compassionate deity could\ncreate a universe with evil. The answer often given is that such a being\ncould have made a universe without evil, but it would require that it be\npopulated with innocent automata - for free will creatures (humans) to\nexist, the choice of evil had to be present. One can debate the merits\nof this answer, but more important to our discussion is that the answer\nattempts to solve the problem by appealing to human self-interest and\nsupremacy beliefs - the observer is expected to agree that a universe\nwithout humans and without evil is a worse reality than a universe with\nevil and humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGiven the prevalence of human supremacist thinking, it may be surprising\nto learn that the belief in the superiority of nonhumans to humans has\nbeen articulated. Theriophily or animalitarianism is defined as the\nbelief in the superiority of nonhuman animals to humans - that other\nliving beings are happier and more in harmony with Nature. Jonathan\nSwift entertained the idea in Gulliver\u0026rsquo;s Travels and Mark Twain, often\ncharacterized as a misanthrope in his later years, expressed support for\nthe concept:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Man is the Reasoning Animal. Such is the claim. I think it is open to\ndispute. Indeed, my experiments have proven to me that he is the\nUnreasoning Animal. Note his history, as sketched above. It seems plain\nto me that whatever he is he is not a reasoning animal. His record is\nthe fantastic record of a maniac. I consider that the strongest count\nagainst his intelligence is the fact that with that record back of him\nhe blandly sets himself up as the head animal of the lot: whereas by his\nown standards he is the bottom one.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwain used the newspaper of his day to make the argument that when it\ncomes to human nature there appears to be no limits to human violence,\nhuman irrationality, and human arrogance. Many people would likely agree\nwith this - it becomes a controversial issue only when one voices the\nopinion that nonhumans are better by our own standards of moral conduct\nand fairness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you look at human history it is hard not to come to the conclusion\nthat humans have always been maniacally violent and destructive despite\nnoble ideals to reign in human excesses and control human behavior so it\nis more moderate like other species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHumans can and do engage in violent behavior, even to self-destructive\nextremes, for reasons that have nothing to do with practical survival.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhether one believes in Biblical or scientific claims on human origin\nthe consensus is that at one time humans did not exist - meaning that\nthe type of extreme violence and misery humans have introduced into the\nworld did not exist. I.e. a leg hold trap which forces a captive animal\nto chew their own leg off or attempts to genetically alter a species to\ngive them human-like illnesses or psychological torture caused by a\nlifetime of isolated imprisonment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to biological conditions that make one either empathetic or\nsociopathic, there are numerous complex layers of customs and ideology\nin societies that reinforce violent behavior and people are often at the\nmercy of what culture and beliefs their society has fostered on them\nfrom birth. To oppose these beliefs is to risk one\u0026rsquo;s social comfort and\nat the most extreme, to become a victim of human violence and mania.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeeing the contradictions in moral beliefs - i.e. claiming to be\ncompassionate by torturing a nonhuman animal in a lab in ways that would\nnot be done to the most despised criminal is not to be a traitor to your\nkind, it is rather, to be true to a fair and consistent concept of\njustice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf it is wrong to stand up for justice in dealings with a nonhuman\nanimal tortured in a lab, then it is also wrong to stand up for justice\nin dealings with a human victimized by other humans. Nature cannot be\nshown to judge given how common human exploitation of humans is in the\nworld.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe logic is irrefutable. The double standard morality is due to a\nbelief in human superiority which can easily be shown to be based on\npersonal opinion and not fact. It is no different in structure than a\nbelief in racial or gender superiority based on personal opinion. We\ncall such people bigots. We know that humans have always been\nirrationally violent against anyone they can victimize. Thus, if we want\nlaws to control human behavior and support fairness and justice and\ncompassion, then nonhumans must be given full moral consideration. If\nyou attempt to exclude them you invite humans to exploit other humans\n(which they have been doing regardless of laws and moral edicts).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou cannot have human rights without accepting nonhuman rights.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAppeals to kindness and compassion can succeed but they do not work with\neveryone and those that do not respond favorably to them should not be\nignored. Either an effort should be made to persuade them with another\napproach, or at least, demonstrate why their beliefs are false even if\nit will do little more than irritate them. The situation for nonhuman\nvictims is far too serious to leave to passive pleas and resignation, or\nfor advocates to fail to examine their own beliefs and the effectiveness\nof their tactics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights Argument dissects the basic beliefs\nthat individuals hold to in order to justify systemic exploitation of\nnonhumans (and humans). The more people use this iron clad common sense\nargument, the harder it will be for opponents to have a safe harbor and\ndeny the truth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you use inferior arguments that the opposition feels confident in\nattacking, you help them in falsely believing that they are right. The\nopposition will attack the weaker argument and ignore the stronger one -\nif you allow them to. You can control the debate and force the opponent\nto go where you want them to and corner their false beliefs to expose\nthem for what they are: the last refuge of the bigot.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the end this does not guarantee that you will persuade the person,\nespecially if they have a vested personal interest or financial stake in\nmaintaining the exploitation, but if enough people are pointing out that\n2 +2 = 4, then at least you can feel certain that you have morality on\nyour side and perhaps, build momentum among those who can be persuaded\nto care about justice and fairness and compassion and make policy\nchanges that help those who desperately need it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eA Bird Shot by an Arrow\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA bird by well-aimed arrow shot,\u003cbr\u003e\nDying, deplored this cruel lot\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd cried: \u0026ldquo;It doubles every pain,\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen from one self the cause of ruin came.\u003cbr\u003e\nAh cruel men, from our wings you drew,\u003cbr\u003e\nThe plume that winged the shaft that slew.\u003cbr\u003e\nBut mock us not you heartless race,\u003cbr\u003e\nYou too will sometime take our place.\u003cbr\u003e\nFor half at least of Japheth\u0026rsquo;s brothers,\u003cbr\u003e\nForge swords and knives to slay the others.\u003cbr\u003e\nJean de La Fontaine\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis article appears in KG\u0026rsquo;s blog: \u003ca href=\"https://supremacymyth.wordpress.com\"\u003eThe Supremacy Myth Animal Rights\nArgument\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eThe strongest debating posture does not merely state a position you\nbelieve to be right, it also forcefully shows why the opponentā€™s\nargument is wrong.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Truth About Stripping", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/cari/the-truth-about-stripping/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/cari/the-truth-about-stripping/", "authors": [ { "name": "Cari" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAs the strip club business is becoming more widely accepted around the\nworld, this industry is also proving to have harmful effects on our\npopulation. The laws set for strip clubs are too lenient. My concern\nregarding these establishments can be mocked by those claiming that bars\noffering stripteases are entertaining and that it is our choice to\nattend or work at them or not. However, for the sake of our future -\nentertainment for the human race should be beneficial, not superficial.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA man or woman who chooses to apply for a position at a club where they\nwill be expected to dance in the nude has done exactly that - made the\nchoice. Our decisions in life are influenced by one thing or another and\nin the case of which career we choose, money is usually a major\ninfluence. People have been lured into this career perhaps because of\ntheir social status in some countries, or because of their will to\nsurvive in this greed infested world. Whatever their reason is for\nmaking that decision, they do not deserve to be objectified simply for\nthe entertainment of others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince the majority of strip clubs worldwide cater to straight men, most\nstrippers are women. Women are not forced to dance in the nude for\nmoney; however, they\u0026rsquo;re often forced to raise their children alone,\nwhich can leave them desperately searching for a supportive career.\nWhile women are still fighting to gain the equality of men\u0026rsquo;s righton in\nthe workforce around the world, it\u0026rsquo;s clear to see why so many would\nchoose stripping as an attempt to rise above poverty. In the U.S. for\nexample, businesses are not required to pay women while on leave due to\npregnancy. If there were more laws that protected working women, many\nwomen would not choose stripping as a means of survival. By allowing\nstrip clubs to flourish, we are allowing women\u0026rsquo;s righton to become less\nimportant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo lure individuals to strip for a living, club owners advertise the job\nas being easy and high paying; requiring no education and with the only\nstipulation that your appearance should be pleasing to others. This\nsounds enticing for a man or woman who has little educational background\nand is in need of \u0026ldquo;easy money\u0026rdquo;. The promises made by strip club owners\nare far from the truth. In the U.S., the majority of strip bar owners\nhire strippers to work as independent contractors without any benefits\nor federal employment protection. Strippers work only for tips and they\nmust pay the club owners a large percentage of those tips. If the club\ndoes not bring in a large amount of high paying customers, there is no\nguarantee that the dancers will bring home any money. While there are\nsome talented dancers that do bring home a generous amount of money,\nthere are more that don\u0026rsquo;t. People are attracted to this line of work by\nthe deceitful club owners who are not required to financially protect\ntheir workers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdding to the demands from club owners, strippers are subjected to abuse\nin both upscale and lower-class nude clubs. The protection that bouncers\nare said to provide is minimal due to the fact that bouncers are\nessentially paid by the customers; so the best interest of the stripper\nis not always in mind. Strippers are propositioned for prostitution\noften and harassed when they don\u0026rsquo;t do what is demanded of them. The lack\nof having government-paid law enforcement inside these clubs makes it\neasier for abusers to go unpunished. When someone commits a crime\nwithout getting caught or having consequences, they are more likely to\nperpetrate again. Individuals who endure physical, verbal, or sexual\nabuse most commonly feel worthless and used. Once a stripper has been\nlured into this depreciating means of making a living, many of them turn\nto alcohol and drugs to escape reality. The faƃĀ§ade of the wealthy life\nof stripping is causing many of the world\u0026rsquo;s youth to enter what in\nreality is a vicious trap.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is no question as to the importance of entertainment for the human\nrace. As far as history shows, we have never existed without some form\nof it. It is sadistic when we allow one\u0026rsquo;s idea of entertainment to\nhumiliate and degrade the life of another. Strippers are not just\nexotically dancing on poles a good distance from others ā€“ as some might\nsay. To keep the acts fresh, club owners have invented many different\nways to entice their customers. Lap dances are customary to most nude\nbars and depending on the bar, the dances are either monitored by a\nbouncer, or they aren\u0026rsquo;t. Behind the walls of the V.I.P. rooms or even\nout in open areas, strippers are pressured to do so much more than\ndance. Some states in the U.S. regulate how many feet away a stripper\nmust be to perform a lap dance, while some don\u0026rsquo;t. This leaves a large\nwindow of opportunity for club owners to encourage illegal behavior in\norder to satisfy the paying customer. Due to the safety issues within\nthe walls of these erotic environments, there is no justification for\nthere existence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile some may argue that it is our human right to be sexually enticed\nor to be the sexual enticer as a form of enjoyment, there is no place\nfor these acts in the career world. The laws are too negligent, and the\neffects are too drastic on individuals turning to this career. People\nthat defend the importance of strip clubs are only defending their right\nto sit back and watch as another human being is degraded.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Thoughts Manifestations and Life", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:03-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/wes-peterson/thoughts-manifestations-and-life/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/wes-peterson/thoughts-manifestations-and-life/", "authors": [ { "name": "Wes Peterson" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe thoughts we think manifest the reality we live in. Collectively, we\ncreate our universe. The inner essence will manifest into the outer. The\ninner essence is thought - conscious and subconscious levels of thought.\nThe outer is what we perceive as our life, what \u0026ldquo;is\u0026rdquo;. Thought is senior\nto substance. All around us are manifestations of thought.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThoughts are very real, tangible things. Thoughts literally create\nwaves! When we think, we create certain vibrations. The universe itself\nis composed of various levels of vibrations. What we think affects the\nvibration of the entire universe - all with a \u0026ldquo;mere\u0026rdquo; thought!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDid you know that when you think of something negative, you literally do\nyourself and all of humanity a disservice? Thoughts are causes;\n\u0026ldquo;reality\u0026rdquo; is the effect. Every thought we think creates karma. The\nthoughts (seeds) we sow, create the reality (harvest) we reap. We cannot\nescape the effect of any cause. This is inexorable universal law, and we\nare subject to it whether we realize it or not. The universe does not\nbend for anyone; conversely, it rewards all for obediance to law.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe creative forces in the universe are thought, feeling, and spoken\nword. Thoughts create feelings. Feelings lead to words (mental\nutterances and verbal soundwaves). These are elements of creation\nitself. The universe itself was created in love! We were created in\nlove. Our very essence is love! What a beautiful thing! It\u0026rsquo;s true that\nanything other than love is an aberration, out of harmony with our true\nessence. We can recapture that essence. Focus on thoughts of love, make\nactions of love, and create love all around you. Love is the highest\nvibration in the universe! Love is perfection. Love was created out of\nand by, perfection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThoughts lead to actions. Our actions create various levels of karma. It\nis therefore of extreme importance that we think the most positive,\nempowering, and constructive thoughts, in order to create the best\npossible reality - that which we desire, which resonates with our very\ncore.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe can have anything we want. All we need to do is hold the desire, the\nvision - the thoughts, feelings, and words - long enough, deeply enough,\nstrongly enough, and it will manifest. Vision creates the realization of\ndreams. With vision - a focused intent on that which we truly desire -\nwe attract certain people, places, and things into our existence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInspiration is a powerful force. Inspiration works hand in hand with\nvision. Thoughts (vision) and feelings (inspiration) can get us places\nwe only once wished for. Wishing is not enough; you need to go after it\nwith all you\u0026rsquo;ve got. The place you start is inside your heart and soul.\nIf you sow the inner seeds of vision coupled with inspiration, you will\narrive at your desired destination.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou are heading somewhere. You are on a journey. Your destiny is in your\nhands. Where are you going? Is it where you want to be? If so, you are\ntruly staying true to your heart, creating the destiny you desire. If\nnot, realize you have the choice! The power is truly within you! Seize\nthe moment - the NOW is all you have! Life is a mystery ā€¦ unravel it!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLove ā€¦ Live ā€¦ Learn ā€¦ Know ā€¦ Sow ā€¦ Reap ā€¦ Grow\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Soul Labyrinth", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/soul-labyrinth/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/soul-labyrinth/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eFOR AN INTERACTIVE EXPERIENCE: Read whilst listening to the song that I\nwas\u003cbr\u003e\nlistening to on repeat as I wrote it in the middle of the nightā€¦ wait\nuntil\u003cbr\u003e\nhe\u0026rsquo;s sung the introā€¦ then you\u0026rsquo;re good to goā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden;\"\u003e\n \u003ciframe allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share; fullscreen\" loading=\"eager\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/hXMJjyXwTrY?autoplay=0\u0026amp;controls=1\u0026amp;end=0\u0026amp;loop=0\u0026amp;mute=0\u0026amp;start=0\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border:0;\" title=\"YouTube video\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003ePast the gates of time\u003cbr\u003e\nI walk in anticipation\u003cbr\u003e\nSurrender myself to\u003cbr\u003e\nA mysterious initiation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOh Celtic cemetery soul labyrinth\u003cbr\u003e\nIvy creeping on grave cross stones\u003cbr\u003e\nCracked and twisted beyond time\u003cbr\u003e\nAncient whispers and moans\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHoly dove angels scattered\u003cbr\u003e\nWinding paths and flowers\u003cbr\u003e\nDark corners are beckoning\u003cbr\u003e\nImmersed in God for hours\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuggestions of forest once before\u003cbr\u003e\nI want to go deeper I want more\u003cbr\u003e\nGet lost in the labyrinth of my soul\u003cbr\u003e\nThat I may find myself once more\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI can barely take in your beauty\u003cbr\u003e\nWith these human eyes\u003cbr\u003e\nI yearn to be one with you\u003cbr\u003e\nNo separate disguise\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePresence hears my pleas\u003cbr\u003e\nPines shelter my heart\u003cbr\u003e\nSilence sings to me\u003cbr\u003e\nWe never were apart\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrust and surrender\u003cbr\u003e\nReturn to simplicity\u003cbr\u003e\nFollow your heart\u003cbr\u003e\nThe call of synchronicity\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDark peaceful still\u003cbr\u003e\nRestful contemplation\u003cbr\u003e\nDivinity is within me\u003cbr\u003e\nFilling me with elation\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Spiralling", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/spiralling/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/spiralling/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePhoto credit: Peter Smith, Newbery Smith Photgraphy\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurrounded by stone pillars\u003cbr\u003e\nOn the altar of our love\u003cbr\u003e\nSpirit calls us from beyond\u003cbr\u003e\nTo merge with the sky above\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI am you and you are me\u003cbr\u003e\nDivinity sees its face\u003cbr\u003e\nWithin eternal stillness\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom each unique place\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou hold me and I hold you\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a sacred embrace\u003cbr\u003e\nAs we spiral endlessly\u003cbr\u003e\nThrough time and space\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTimeless reality\u003cbr\u003e\nCalls us from the dream\u003cbr\u003e\nAs we remember who we are\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd not who we seem\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerfect peace is all there is\u003cbr\u003e\nEternal calm of now\u003cbr\u003e\nRe-awakening together\u003cbr\u003e\nSpiralling is how\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Stress", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/stress/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/stress/", "authors": [ { "name": "Big George" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI often hear the word Stress almost everywhere I go. It is almost as if\nit is normal to feel or have Stress. Is it really normal? Many people\nblame their ill health and lifestyle on Stress.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is Stress? Stress is simply the result of thoughimages that we\nchoose to repeat over and over in our minds. Therefore if stress comes\nfrom our thoughts, is it then not safe to say that since we are in\ncontrol of our thoughts that we just simply replace poor thoughts with\nmore elevated ones to alleviate Stress? Is it really that simple?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbsolutely. Stress does not cause sickness or disease it\u0026rsquo;s our inability\nto comply with Nature\u0026rsquo;s Laws that does.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet\u0026rsquo;s take for example the life of an animal in the wild. Each day the\nanimal must go about its daily business knowing that they may be another\nanimal\u0026rsquo;s Lunch or Supper. Now by most people\u0026rsquo;s criteria for stress this\nwould be pretty stressful wouldn\u0026rsquo;t it? Can you imagine going to work and\non your way to work you would have to be aware that something might just\ncome around and attack you or worse eat you? Now why aren\u0026rsquo;t animals\ndying of heart attacks, cancer, nervous breakdowns etc. if Stress were a\nkiller?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are several reasonsā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimals eat naturally Rawfoods according to their instincts. You don\u0026rsquo;t\nsee an animal with a pot/pan in one hand and a recipe book in another.\nThey eat simple Rawfoods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimals exercise each day while doing their daily tasks. No time for\nexercise you say - then you will have to make time to be sick.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimals are in the Fresh air and Sunshine. One of the keys to Health\nmost people wear sun tan lotion and sun glasses as if the sun will harm\nthem. See any animals with a pair of Vaurnet\u0026rsquo;s on lately?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimals rest and relax when they are not feeling well and don\u0026rsquo;t go grab\nan advil to alleviate their problems. You must take time to relax and\nrest not only your body but your mind as well. Closing your eyes is one\nof the simplest things you can do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost importantly animals live a simple Natural Life and live in\naccordance to Nature\u0026rsquo;s Law.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the most simplest ways to remove Stress in your life is to change\nyour thoughts. How do I do this? Simple use techniques such as\naffirmations, prayer, meditations, NLP, etc. To replace one thought with\nanother. Here is something you can do right away. Instead of watching\nthose old poor quality videos you keep running in your mind, why not\nchose one of the following titlesā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRun these titles in your mind and then watch the Real Magic appear that\nwill amaze even Walt Disney.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow as humans we have been given the power of choice that animals are\nlimited to so instead of choosing Poor thoughts why not choose uplifting\nones. The choice is yours away from freedom or Towards Freedom ā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Taking the Pressure Off Your Body", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/robert-rickover/taking-the-pressure-off-your-body/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/robert-rickover/taking-the-pressure-off-your-body/", "authors": [ { "name": "Robert Rickover" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Stand up straight!\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;Pull your shoulders back!\u0026rdquo; As children, we were\ntold to have good posture. Yet we were seldom taught effective ways to\naccomplish this. Indeed, we were often not even told just what \u0026ldquo;good\nposture\u0026rdquo; is.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe consequences of this information gap can be seen all around us:\nstiff necks, shoulders hunched forward or pulled tightly back,\nrestricted breathing, and tightness in the thighs, legs and ankles.\nBackaches, headaches, and other painful symptoms are often the\nunfortunate result.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy the time we\u0026rsquo;ve spent a year of two in school, sitting for hours on\nchairs and at desks chosen primarily for their economy and for the\nconvenience of the custodial staff, we have learned tension patterns\nthat interfere with our natural easiness, balance, support, and freedom\nof movement. These tension patterns - slumping or stiff \u0026lsquo;good posture\u0026rsquo;\npatterns \\ become so habitual that they start to feel normal despite\nthe fact that they seriously restrict our breathing and freedom of\nmovement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Alexander Technique is a time-tested method of teaching ways to\nrestore our natural balance, flexibility and ease of movement. It\nteaches the use of the appropriate amount of effort for a particular\nactivity, releasing more energy for all our activities. It is not a\nseries of treatments or exercises, but rather a re-education of the mind\nand body that helps you discover a new balance in your body by releasing\nunnecessary tension. It can be applied to all of your daily activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Alexander Technique places a great deal of emphasis on the\nrelationship between your head and neck. The way we manage that\nrelationship has huge implications for the way the rest of our body is\norganized. If, as is so often the case, we compress our heads down into\nour spines, a whole series of compensatory tensions is created. If, on\nthe other hand, we can learn to allow our head to balance lightly on top\nof our spine as nature intended, our built in \u0026lsquo;anti-gravity\u0026rsquo; reflex is\nactivated and our body is encouraged to release previously held\nrestrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Alexander Technique is above all an educational method. Alexander\nTeachers use a combination of verbal instruction and a light, guiding,\ntouch to convey information to their students. Alexander Technique\nteaching is done in private lessons and in group classes. Private\nlessons are usually between 1/2 and 1 hour in length.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost certified Alexander Technique teachers have completed a three-year\nfull time training course recognized by one of several major\nprofessional societies. Typically, the training courses have a student\nteacher ratio of 5:1 or less, and provide a great deal of individual\nattention for each trainee.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA few teachers have trained more informally on an apprenticeship basis\nand some of them have become members of professional societies through a\nrigorous review process. Not all Alexander Technique teachers are\ncertified and not all teachers eligible for certification are members of\na professional society.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll of the major professional Alexander Technique societies publish a\nteachers\u0026rsquo; list as well as on-line listings. Recommendations from friends\nand colleagues can be useful in choosing a teacher, but you will have to\njudge for yourself if a particular teacher is right for you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAsk about his or her training and be prepared to take a few lessons\nbefore deciding whether to continue with a course of lessons. If you\nlive in a community with several teachers, have a lesson or two with\nseveral before making a final decision.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe basic ideas of the Alexander Technique are not in any way complex or\nmystical, they do represent a new way of thinking about the functioning\nof your body and may take a little getting used to at first.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExcess tension in your body can cause a variety of unpleasant symptoms\nand it can interfere with your ability to perform activities well.\nTherefore it is not surprising that most people come to the Alexander\nTechnique because they are in pain (backaches, sore necks and shoulders,\ncarpal tunnel syndrome etc.) and/or because they are performers who want\nto improve the quality of their singing, playing, acting or dancing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeople of all ages and occupations have benefited from Alexander\nTechnique lessons. The Technique also has its share of famous people who\nhave publicly endorsed it - including two Nobel Prize winners and a\ngreat many celebrities like Paul Newman, John Cleese, William Hurt,\nSting, James Galway and Yehudi Menuhun.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRobert Rickover is a teacher of the Alexander Technique living in\nLincoln, Nebraska. He also teaches regularly in Toronto, Canada. Robert\nis the author of Fitness Without Stress - A Guide to the Alexander\nTechnique and is the creator of The Complete Guide to the Alexander\nTechnique\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "That London Twang", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/that-london-twang/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/that-london-twang/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI come from South East London\u003cbr\u003e\nAccent a mix of things\u003cbr\u003e\nIt changes frequently\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd disappears when I sing\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI make up words quite often\u003cbr\u003e\nOut of laziness I guess\u003cbr\u003e\nMelding words together\u003cbr\u003e\nSo that I can speak less\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;You\u0026rsquo;ve got that London twang\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\nA friend said when I spoke\u003cbr\u003e\n\u0026ldquo;What do you mean?\u0026rdquo; I asked\u003cbr\u003e\n\u0026ldquo;I sound like common folk?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe explained grammatical errors\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd a lilting of my voice\u003cbr\u003e\nI said I planned elocution lessons\u003cbr\u003e\nTo make a better choice\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe pleaded \u0026ldquo;No, don\u0026rsquo;t change your speech\u003cbr\u003e\nKeep that London twang in reach!\u003cbr\u003e\nYou sound like you\u0026rsquo;ve got attitude\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd won\u0026rsquo;t let no one mess with you!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlthough when I speak softer\u003cbr\u003e\nI sound more well spoken\u003cbr\u003e\nSo shifting vocal gears\u003cbr\u003e\nCan be quite a handy token!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Battle", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-battle/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/the-battle/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWe revisit the famous conversation between a warrior and his charioteer\nbefore the battle of Kurukshetra.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe above image was modified using \u003ca href=\"https://www.gimp.org\"\u003eGIMP\u003c/a\u003e from an\nillustration by \u003ca href=\"http://annabhushan.com/about-contact/\"\u003eAnna Bhushan\u003c/a\u003e\nfor Folio Society\u0026rsquo;s Bhagavad Gita. See other illustrations by Anna at\n\u003ca href=\"http://annabhushan.com\"\u003eher website\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the field of Kurukshetra all was tranquil the evening before the\nbattle between the forces of the Kauravas and the Pandavas. Arjuna who\nwas the greatest archer of the latter group, pondered heavily on what\nwas to come. For you see, the Kauravas were his brothers too and when\nthe slaughter began, he knew he would be killing members of his own\nfamily.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe turned to the Lord Krishna in anguish:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Alas what heinous sin are we about to commit from greed of sovereign\nand power, that we are prepared to slay our kith and kin! Happier would\nI be if my Kaurava brothers were to strike me down on the battlefield,\nunresisting and unarmed.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKrishna proceeded to instruct him on how delusion leads one to\ndifferentiate between atman, the permanent universal spirit and the\ntransitory body, which is mistaken for the true self. He taunted Arjuna:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;How is it that at this perilous moment, thoughts unworthy of the noble\nhave overtaken thee?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArjuna lamented:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;How can I engage with arrows my teachers Bhishma and Drona who are\nworthy of my reverence? Nor do we know whether it is better that we\nconquer them or they conquer us. I will not fight. I will not kill my\nteachers or my kinsmen.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKrishna then spoke:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;You are a kshatriya [warrior caste] and it is your duty to fight\ninjustice and oppose wrongfulness. The struggle you seek to avoid is the\nstruggle within your own self. It cannot be escaped ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRenunciation [sannyasa] and action [karmayoga] can both lead to\nsalvation, Arjuna, but of the two the latter is essential, while the\nformer is necessary.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne who is always in action can be a good renouncer, but the one who\navoids action, excused through poetic lies told to oneself repeated to\noneself like a monotonous mantra, is a hypocrite.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe all must act, but it is the attachment to the result of our action,\nthat we must renounce.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou grieve for naught, O shining prince.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou kill no one, for I have already slain everyone!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Bridge Between Concept and Experience", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/the-bridge-between-concept-and-experience/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/the-bridge-between-concept-and-experience/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eIt seems that choosing one\u0026rsquo;s state of being leads to creations that\nfurther reinforce it; such is the nature of physical reality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLooking at the picture you will see a selection of treasures on a table\nin the corner; a bed of crystals upon which rests a desert rose (rock)\non the left, a lantern on the right and a Goddess statue in the middle\nwho is draped with an angel quartz necklace, plus a candle that lies\nbefore her and a glass pyramid prism aligned directly behind her. There\nare crystals of many kinds, with many pieces of rose quartz and purple\namethyst among them, interspersed with various green crystals. So what\nof these objects, is it just that they look pretty?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe arrangement of items occurred after I had made the decision to act\nas if there was no such thing as time. I went about each day without\nplanning, being still and allowing an inner sense of direction about how\nto proceed, to arise from the stillness. This led me to give my bedroom\na thorough clear out and clean, transforming it into what seemed to be a\ndifferent room altogether. These items arranged themselves, seemingly\nwithout my input, I merely placed them where they belonged. I felt drawn\nto the magnetism of this display of primarily natural objects and felt\ncompelled to kneel down, lean on the edge of the table and stare at them\nintently.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat happened was subtle and ordinary, yet all-encompassing as it\npermeated my entire being, everything changed, yet nothing was\ndifferent; it softly washed over my perception of reality. By\ncandlelight I looked at the miniature landscape consisting of a\nglistening sea of crystals and beautiful objects silently resting upon\nit and felt calm, as if I was in the depths a cave or as one might feel\nwhen gazing at the stars or standing in an ancient forest. As I fell\ninto the timeless stillness, my awareness that some of these objects had\nbeen on earth for an extremely long time emerged and it became a\nphysical metaphor for eternity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI felt that I was in a cave, surrounded by ancient rock, sand and water,\nenchanted by the colourful jewels that had been washed into a sparkling\nlagoon before me. As I sank into the steady, grounding energy of the\nrock I was simultaneously lifted by the light, purifying energy of the\ncrystals. It was the perfect balance; the masculine rock essence and the\nfeminine crystal essence, as if they were the same yet different ends of\na spectrum. As if this energy, manifest in physical form, were mother\nand father and I was eternally safe in the stillness of forever, which\nwas the ultimate truth. I sensed the eternal stillness behind all that\nis and the irrelevant details of life faded away. All that remained was\nforever, the peace of now within which all things arise.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI sensed that if these objects had existed on earth for so long, then\ntime itself was stood still. I saw that the unchanging forever remains,\nas a backdrop to the changing. It was like waking up from a dream or\nhaving a lucid dream in which I knew that I was dreaming. Have you ever\nbecome conscious that you were dreaming and realised that you could make\nchoices which you didn\u0026rsquo;t know you could make before?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn order to experience timelessness we must cross the illusory bridge\nbetween concept and experience, this bridge is stillness. Simply choose\nit this instant. If time is an illusion then it must exist for the\npurpose of giving us the opportunity to experience the fun and discovery\nof a journey, of an adventure, of forgetting and realising once more\nthat we are timeless, because who doesn\u0026rsquo;t like a good story?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow we end where we started, \u0026ldquo;It seems that choosing one\u0026rsquo;s state of\nbeing leads to creations that further reinforce it; such is the nature\nof physical reality\u0026rdquo;. Having come full circle, we find ourselves in this\ntimeless instant, the only place there is, the place where all of\ncreation rests, the place where we can choose to experience the timeless\nstillness of existence.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Common Sense Animal Rights Argument", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/the-common-sense-animal-rights-argument/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/the-common-sense-animal-rights-argument/", "authors": [ { "name": "KG" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe foundation of the ethical arguments used to defend vivisection, the\nmeat industry, and other forms of exploitation protested by animal\nrighton campaigners is the belief in human supremacy. It is generally\ntaken for granted by both sides of the issue and left unchallenged.\nAdvocates would discover they can make a stronger case if they relied\nless on the three S words (suffering, sentience and speciesism), and\nmore on common sense, clear language and a frontal assault on human\npride. It shifts the energy of the debate from a defensive posture (an\neffort to persuade the listener to embrace compassion and/or respect for\nnon human life forms) to one that forces the most hard line adversary\ninto a choice - either accept nonhuman righton as a necessary condition\nof a fair ethical system or concede that their own belief would allow\nhumans to discriminate against other humans in unpleasant ways.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuffering, sentience and speciesism have problems. One may use visual\ntestimonials of the suffering experienced by the victims of human\nexploitation to great effect, but the old adage that everyone would be\nvegetarian if slaughterhouses had glass walls ignores the human capacity\nto condition themselves to violence or make excuses for exploitation (a\nbullfight being just one example where cruelty does not lead to a\nwidespread conversion to vegetarianism). It can also encourage the\nsuggestion that unnecessary enslavement or killing isn\u0026rsquo;t the problem,\nbut only how the killing is done - welfare instead of abolition, or the\ndismissive reply that since Nature is cruel, humans shouldn\u0026rsquo;t care if\nthey are the same. The designation of sentience as the true criteria of\nmoral consideration emulates the example of racial and gender equality\nadvocacy by \u0026ldquo;moving the goal post,\u0026rdquo; highlighting an attribute possessed\nby both the victim of discrimination and the victimizer that is intended\nto bolster the value of the former in the eyes of the latter. Instead of\nmaleness or whiteness, it was the faculty of reason and the ability to\nworship a deity/in place of reason or a soul, it is sentience or the\ncapacity to suffer. But it often leads to the counter that scientific\ntests need to be done to be sure a species meets the qualification of\nsentience, or another more human-specific type of sentience is defined\nto muddle the issue, or the opponent claims to adhere to reciprocal\nmoral contracts or theological arguments instead. Speciesism is widely\nin use as the equivalent to racism and sexism. It is generally defined\nas \u0026ldquo;species-centered\u0026rdquo; thinking and linked to ethnic or gender based\ndiscriminatory beliefs. But opponents of animal righton often embrace\nit, claiming that speciesism is natural and all species do the same. The\nterm is an inaccurate and misleading description of the biased attitudes\nthat dictate human ethical policy and belief towards nonhuman lifeforms.\nWhile members of any race or both genders can be racist and or sexist,\nonly humans can be observed to be \u0026ldquo;speciesist.\u0026rdquo; Lions cannot be shown to\nhold to a belief that they are superior in moral value as individuals\nand a group to gazelles, and therefore have a right to kill gazelles but\nno one has a right to kill them. Humans, however, do it all too\nfrequently in the defense of their exploitation practices. It isn\u0026rsquo;t\n\u0026ldquo;centeredness,\u0026rdquo; it is superiority, arrogance, pride, a belief in\nsupremacy. Not speciesism, but supremacism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHuman supremacists will often assert they are top of the food chain,\neven though corpse-eating bacteria might have a different perspective.\nThey say they are custodians of Nature, even though most of what they\ncharacterize as stewardship is actually damage control, attempting to\ncorrect mistakes, such as oil spills and extinction, caused by human\naction. They designate insects as low and worthless, although it is\nthese creatures that cultivate top soil and pollinate flowers, true acts\nof management. Human language contains many insults derived from the\ndistorted antagonistic understanding of the Natural world. Humane is\ndefined as another word for compassion, and inhumane or inhuman or\nnonhuman, another word for wicked, and yet, when it comes to cruelty,\nsadism and taking pleasure from causing misery while knowing that one is\ncausing it, humanity is the supreme role model. Cats do not build arenas\nin which other cats can watch mice being tortured. The same capacity for\nintellectual expression that allows one to compose a symphony or do\nmathematics can be used to design a torture device or urge a suicidal\nperson to jump from a building, while supremacists will downplay the\nunique abilities of nonhuman animals to predict earthquakes, or\ninstinctively swim.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe insane, sadistic experiments which demonstrated that a monkey or rat\nwould refuse to harm another even if they faced electrocution or\nstarvation as reward for their altruism may be contrasted with Milgram\u0026rsquo;s\nstudies that showed people were willing to shock another human simply to\nspare themselves discomfort by displeasing an authority figure. So much\nfor humanity\u0026rsquo;s innate species-centeredness or the lofty claims of\nnobility over savagery. And the supremacist retreat to ideals of\nromantic primitivism may also be countered with reality, as vicious\ncruelty is noted in pre-industrial cultures, from the various mutilation\nrituals in animal sacrifice around the globe to the stampeding of herds\noff cliffs in order to pick at the mass of dead and crippled buffalo.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHuman supremacists justify their discrimination and systemic\nexploitation according to an assumption of absolute certainty based upon\ncriteria of value such as a faculty of reason, a soul, divine or\nevolutionary favor, moral reciprocity, survival of the fittest, might\nmakes right, individual selfishness, a bundle of characteristics or\nvaguely defined ones which cannot be proven to be shared by all humans\nor lacking in all nonhumans. i.e. some humans are more intelligent than\nothers, some nonhumans are more rational than some humans, humans can\nand do willfully break laws and yet the most despised of criminals is\nusually given more care and respect than the most innocent of beings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd the importance of such criteria can be doubted - shown not to be\nabsolute objective truth, but subjective arbitrary belief conveniently\ndetermined by those who stand to benefit from the discrimination they\nwish to justify. Nature (and/or deities), through environmental\nphenomenon, like weather, earthquakes, gravity, and the actions of other\nhuman beings, cannot be shown to care or favor humans over other life\nforms as an absolute objective fact. The ability of a very small number\nof humans to compose a catchy tune or place a rubber ball in a suspended\nbasket with a hole in it does not appear to cause a halo of specialness\nto descend from the sky and blanket humanity in its Divine embrace. An\nabsolute is something beyond all doubt and question, the final answer to\neverything. If it can be questioned it cannot be absolute. For every why\nthere is a because, for every because, another why. If one states that\nhumans are superior as a group to other lifeforms according to any\ndefined criteria, whether theistic or atheistic in origin, it can be\nquestioned. For secular humanists it is the absolute certain truth of a\nsupposedly mindless universe that yet can judge some as more important\nthan others through an evolutionary version of the Great Chain of Being.\nFor spiritual humanists it is one or more divinities that do not make\ntheir presence known to doubters in direct ways and have encouraged\nschisms among those that are supposedly chosen.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut the ultimate disobedience to this fantasy is the continuous\npredation by humans on other humans. War, famine, theft, rape, child\nabuse, and numerous varieties of discrimination based on race, gender,\nclass, religious belief, appearance, language, age, height, economic\nstatus, and this despite all the laws and philosophical lectures about\nwhy humans are deserving of special treatment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis subjectivity means that someone who may discriminate against other\nhumans using criteria that is just as subjective (skin colour, gender,\nclass, religion, survival of the fittest, individual selfishness, etc.)\ncannot be effectively condemned by a human righton advocate who denies\nrighton to nonhumans, since both are discriminating according to\nsubjective criteria of value they deem to be important. Pragmatic\nappeals to self-interest and the Golden Rule are also dubious, since a\ndictator or criminal may exploit and kill and never need to care about\nthe righton of others or face prosecution, and a man living on one side\nof the globe does not necessarily have a practical reason to care what\nhappens to humans in another far away country. The self-professed\negoists who claim they aren\u0026rsquo;t human supremacists can prove it by\nconceding that child rape is permissible in their worldview as long as\nit doesn\u0026rsquo;t impact them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe only way for a human supremacist to consistently argue that one\nought to have universal human righton and an ethical code based upon\nthis idea is to extend the concept of fairness and justice to nonhumans\nas much as possible. Because humans develop ethical codes to govern\nhuman behavior, and nonhumans do not appear to employ or require such\ncodes in their social interactions, they benefit from the consistency\nrequirement in human concepts of fairness and justice without needing to\nreciprocate. In addition to the exemptions given to children, the\nmentally impaired or criminals, to expect nonhumans to adhere to human\nethical contracts in order to be eligible for moral regard is like\nexpecting a blind man to be able to read and then punishing him for not\ndoing so. It is common sense unfairness to penalize nonhumans who in\nmany situations would avoid conflicts with humans if the latter would\ntake responsibility for their behavior and not put themselves in\nsituations where they know they are likely to cause problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat moral regard may not be possible or practical in all situations due\nto particular factors (such as scale or absentmindedness or the\ninability to be perfect), but since the same is true of inter-human\nrelations, it does not invalidate the merits of the argument or provide\na loophole for humans to justify systemic exploitation of nonhuman life\nforms. If one tries to argue that an inability to prevent the accidental\nkilling of microbes justifies factory farming then concentration camps\nwould also be permissible for the same reasons. If it is deemed easier\nand more convenient to draw the line at species, then drawing it at race\nor class or family is even easier and more convenient.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBasic morality can be likened to the sun - the words for it may differ\nin language, but in translation mean the same thing. The principle of\nshowing compassion for others and a concept of justice is universal to\nmany if not all humans living within a society. An Inuit hunter or\nJapanese dolphin fisherman is just as vulnerable to this charge of\nunfair and biased discrimination as his suburban counterpart. To suggest\nthat some fully functional humans have the right to subsist as they did\n1000 years ago and reject modern concepts of fairness and justice (while\nusing non-traditional technology such as television, textiles and guns),\nis to advocate a double standard moral system. One can debate\npracticalities and implementation of moral beliefs, but the common sense\nlogic of it is difficult to refute.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis subjective belief in supremacy and the consequences of human\npredatory behavior is applicable to any animal righton issue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn hunting debates when one says that humans are not naturally born\nhunters like a tiger or wolf, the familiar reply uttered is that the\nhuman brain and its tool making ability is the equivalent of fang and\nclaw. Human supremacists overlook that the human brain and tool making\nability can also be used for horticulture and killing other humans,\nactivities that natural-born hunters don\u0026rsquo;t engage in very often. If deer\nhunting is natural for humans then so is human hunting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;If you had to choose between saving the life of a drowning man or a\nrat/dog/pig, which would you save?\u0026rdquo; The most practical answer is whoever\nyou can save. If it was a choice between two humans, only a supremacist\nwith a preference for race, gender or misc. discrimination would ask\nsuch a question. In vivisection framing: \u0026ldquo;your child v.s. a rat,\u0026rdquo; it\nshould be no less controversial than if you had a choice between your\nchild and a neighbor\u0026rsquo;s. If you chose your child, does it mean you want\nthe neighbor\u0026rsquo;s child to be tortured in a lab? If you refuse to choose,\ndoes that mean you do not love your child as much as your neighbor\u0026rsquo;s?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe charge of hypocrisy leveled against those using products that may be\nlinked to nonhuman exploitation (medicine etc), should also be true for\nhuman supremacists who benefit from Pfizer drugs that were tested in\nAfrica or the medical legacy of human slave experimenter and AMA\npresident J Marion Sims, or live on land that may have come through wars\nof aggression. Human supremacists demand that animal righton activists\nhold themselves to a different standard of conduct and perfection than\nthey hold themselves, which makes them serve as a more accurate example\nof hypocrisy than those they accuse of the same.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd the pessimistic send off for many a discussion, \u0026ldquo;you\u0026rsquo;ll never see\nthe end of meat eating or animal abuse,\u0026rdquo; may be returned with the\nsimilarly dire observation that as long as humans breed, child abuse and\nhomicide are likely to continue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeople who are aware of the double standards and injustice in human\ninteractions with the rest of the natural world often have difficulty\nexpressing themselves without leaving some means by which an opponent\ncan respond critically. Any argument that ends close to a stalemate is a\ndefeat for the animal righton side since the aim is to change the status\nquo. To those who are motivated by a sincere and humble interest in\njustice and not a supremacist belief in stewardship that masquerades as\na righton position, it is hoped that they study and make use of this\napproach, for it removes the limitations, confusion and diversions\nassociated with suffering, sentience and speciesism. While it may not be\nenough to bring about the closure of slaughterhouses and laboratories,\nit has been known to cause immense frustration for their most ardent\nsupporters and taint their arrogance with a much-needed dose of\nuncertainty.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Gift", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sinikka/the-gift/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sinikka/the-gift/", "authors": [ { "name": "Sinikka" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eLet us give a gift to the world,\u003cbr\u003e\na gift of joy and boundless peace.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJust for a moment,\u003cbr\u003e\nlet us see through the eyes\u003cbr\u003e\nof those, so much weaker than us,\u003cbr\u003e\nwho suffer:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn infant prisoner, the veal calf,\u003cbr\u003e\ncrying in darkness for the mother\u003cbr\u003e\nhe has never known,\u003cbr\u003e\nher milk collected for \u0026ldquo;higher\u0026rdquo; appetites.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe egg-layer huddling painfully\u003cbr\u003e\nin cramped confinement, destined never\u003cbr\u003e\nto know the joy of sheltering chicks\u003cbr\u003e\nbeneath her strong wings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe suckling foal, force-weaned\u003cbr\u003e\nand sold at auction\u003cbr\u003e\nfor his flesh - a number,\u003cbr\u003e\nnot a life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet us hear, just for a moment\u003cbr\u003e\nthe piercing screams of the doomed,\u003cbr\u003e\nmuffled by slaughterhouse walls\u003cbr\u003e\nand hidden from human conscience.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt doesn\u0026rsquo;t have to be this way.\u003cbr\u003e\nBut by what means, we ask,\u003cbr\u003e\nshall the agony cease, and\u003cbr\u003e\npeace prevail in all the world?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet us start\u003cbr\u003e\nby lighting a candle for mercy\u003cbr\u003e\nin our own lives, illuminating\u003cbr\u003e\na small piece of darkness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet us not turn away\u003cbr\u003e\nfrom the cries of those who need us,\u003cbr\u003e\nnor give in to tradition, industry, or false doctrines.\u003cbr\u003e\nFear not what is right.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet us live peacefully\u003cbr\u003e\nin all ways, choosing\u003cbr\u003e\ncompassion over indifference,\u003cbr\u003e\nempathy over violence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen, let us reach into the darkness\u003cbr\u003e\nto help light the candles of others ā€¦ for all life.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "The Ideal Diet", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:02-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/tasha/the-ideal-diet/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/tasha/the-ideal-diet/", "authors": [ { "name": "Tasha" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWe will examine an excerpt from the works of T.C. Fry regarding plant foods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom an article by T.C Fry:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn view of all the preceding facts it becomes apparent that plant\nfoods are not only capable of supporting life when used as the sole\nsource of nutritive matter but that they are able to support life in a\nmanner which permits the finest physical development and the greatest\nfreedom from disease. Man is a frugivorous animal and thrives best\nupon the fruitarian diet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThroughout most of its history he appears to have use other diets, but\nhe hasn\u0026rsquo;t lived well upon them. He has survived it is true, but we are\ninterested in more than just mere survival.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe want optimum health, the very highest that can be built. To acquire\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethat, we must recognize our nutritional needs and these call for a\nfruitarian diet. With the fruitarian diet you gain the opportunity to\nrise above the health standards of the primitive. No credit is taken\nfrom the superiority of the primitive\u0026rsquo;s foods over the conventional\nfoods of civilized races in recognizing the greater value of the\nfruitarian dietary regime. The fruitarian diet simply allows you to go\none step further than the primitive. It gives you the advantage not\nonly of unrefined foods but also of a system of eating which\neliminates the use of the disease-producing products of the animal\nkingdom.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn planning the perfect diet, two fundamental principles must be\nemployed as guides:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnly natural, uncooked, unrefined, unprocessed, unchanged foods\nmust be used, and these must be selected from the plant kingdom.\nRaw plant foods are ideal for man. They will support life at the\nhighest possible level and will provide the greatest freedom from\ndisease.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn iron-clad rule should be made never to eat food which has been\ncooked or obtained from other than the plant kingdom.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose who follow these principles will have taken the biggest single\nstep in their quest for a mode of living which will preserve their\nphysiological youth over the longest period of time.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Periods May Be Normal but Are They Healthy?", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/debbie-took/periods-may-be-normal-but-are-they-healthy/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/debbie-took/periods-may-be-normal-but-are-they-healthy/", "authors": [ { "name": "Debbie Took" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003e[Our thanks to Debbie Took for allowing reprinting from her original\n\u003ca href=\"http://debbietookrawforlife.blogspot.com/2009/04/periods-they-may-be-normal-but-are-they.html\"\u003eblog\u003c/a\u003e.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDisclaimer\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e : not a doctor, not a scientist, just a raw fooder\nwho blogs. Some of the suggestions in this article are radical. They may\nbe shocking, or, at the least, seem a bit barmy. Some might cause\noffence. Some might even be considered dangerous. I\u0026rsquo;m just presenting\nanā€¦alternative view of something that is considered \u0026rsquo;normal\u0026rsquo; in our\nmodern, \u0026lsquo;developed\u0026rsquo; society, and that (we\u0026rsquo;ve been brought up to think)\nis therefore \u003cu\u003ehealthy\u003c/u\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is what we\u0026rsquo;ve been taught about menstruation:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt occurs when an egg released from the ovary has not been fertilized.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt occurs approximately 14 days after ovulation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere will be a flow of blood, and loss of womb lining.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe blood flow will last for a few days.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe are taught that periods as described above are \u003cu\u003enormal\u003c/u\u003e , that\nit is normal to menstruate monthly, and that normal = healthy. We have\nbeen taught that it is right to be concerned if, in a woman of\nchild-bearing age, monthly blood flow is absent or even if periods have\nbecome \u0026lsquo;scant\u0026rsquo; (when not pregnant, that is).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have been told that ideas emanating from ancient times of periods\nbeing bad things, eg that a period is a \u0026lsquo;curse\u0026rsquo;, or that women having\nperiods are \u0026lsquo;unclean\u0026rsquo;, are \u003cu\u003ewrong\u003c/u\u003e , and that these \u0026rsquo;negative\u0026rsquo;\ninterpretations of periods came about through a combination of\nignorance, superstition and patriarchal societies. We are taught to\n\u0026rsquo;embrace\u0026rsquo; menstruation, celebrate it as being a healthy and integral\npart of being a woman (and we support companies making millions from the\nsales of pads and tampons to mop up the copious bleeding).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsequently, women who make positive improvements to their diet, eg by\nsignificantly increasing the raw component and/or cutting out animal\nfoods, alcohol, coffee etc are concerned when their menstruation\nchanges, that is, the flow becomes much lighter and/or infrequent, or in\nsome cases seems to disappear altogether.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI\u0026rsquo;ve always had nagging doubts about periods, from the age of 14 when I\nstarted. Surely it isn\u0026rsquo;t meant to be like this, I thought. If we were\nall living naturally, in a \u0026lsquo;Garden of Eden\u0026rsquo; (however that\u0026rsquo;s defined),\nwithout pads, tampons, tissues (or even clothes?), would we all be\nrunning around dripping blood all over the place for a few days every\nmonth?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e36 years later, my feeling is thatā€¦no, we wouldn\u0026rsquo;t be. I\u0026rsquo;ll be\nexplaining why in this article, where I pull together a number of\nobservations and writings from various sources that all suggest pretty\nmuch the same thing - that whilst a menstrual blood \u003cu\u003eflow\u003c/u\u003e \\ that\nis, anything beyond a few spots of blood - may be \u003cu\u003enormal\u003c/u\u003e , it\u0026rsquo;s\nnot \u003cu\u003ehealthy\u003c/u\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"monthly-blood-flow\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMonthly Blood Flow \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#monthly-blood-flow\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt May Be \u0026lsquo;Normal\u0026rsquo; In \u003cu\u003eOur\u003c/u\u003e Society, But Is It Universal?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"human-beings\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHuman beings \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#human-beings\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;Black African females on a wholistic diet of natural foods do not\nmenstruateā€¦Menstruation by black African women is a recent\noccurrenceā€¦Haemorrhaging among black African women represents a\ndeterioration of the raceā€¦\u0026lsquo;Fruitarian and vegetarian women, normally, do\nnot menstruate. If they do menstruate it consists of one or two drops of\nblood (about the size of a pea) from the unfertilized egg.\u0026rsquo; (Dr Imhotep\nLlaila O Afrika, \u0026lsquo;African Holistic Health\u0026rsquo;).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOKā€¦firstly, Dr Afrika\u0026rsquo;s account appears to be anecdotal, rather than\nscientific. I\u0026rsquo;ve searched for anthropological studies confirming it, but\nhaven\u0026rsquo;t found anything, although neither have I found anything\ncontradicting it. And (I can hear you shouting) sure - most vegetarian\nwomen do menstruate, and some have quite a heavy flow, but what is\ncertainly the case is that I have seen hundreds of messages on raw food\nforums from those on fruitarian and raw \u003cu\u003evegan\u003c/u\u003e diets reporting\nlighter, or absent periods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;Few Navaho women wear undergarments and the great majority apparently\ndo not use perineal pads during menstruation.\u0026rsquo; (American Journal of\nObstetrics and Gynaecology, May 1951). That suggests the women\u0026rsquo;s flow\nwas very light \u003cu\u003ethen\u003c/u\u003e , although of course their diets in 1951\nwould probably have been quite different from the diet they follow\ntoday - I suspect things will have changed nowā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;Among one primitive people in the Australian bush country who live\nentirely on fruit, the menstrual period lasts about twenty minutes and\napproximately a tablespoon of blood is expelledā€¦The women of the\nAmerican Indian of the Great Plains who lived on a simple diet and were\nexceedingly active, had a short, uncomplicated menstrual period,\nscarcely noticeable.\u0026rsquo; (Dr Bieler, MD, \u0026lsquo;Natural Way to Sexual Health\u0026rsquo;\n1972).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"animals\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnimals \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#animals\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn most cases, it\u0026rsquo;s not relevant to look at animals, as most don\u0026rsquo;t\nexperience ovulatory cycles as we do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne exception is non-human primates (eg gorillas, monkeys). However,\nit\u0026rsquo;s debatable whether observations of primates \u003cu\u003ein captivity\u003c/u\u003e are\nrelevant, as they will be living unnatural lifestyles (and in many cases\nfollowing unnatural diets) in the same way that women in the developed\nworld are.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut studies of primates in the wild are interesting:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;Studies have found that gorillas, chimpanzees and orangutans do shed,\nfollowing non-fertilization of the egg, but that there is either a very\nsmall amount of bleeding, or \u003cu\u003eno bleeding observed\u003c/u\u003e (my\nitalics)ā€¦The menstrual cycle lasts 31-32 daysā€¦menstrual bleeding is\nminimal.\u0026rsquo; (Tim Knight, University of Washington, \u0026lsquo;Gorilla Natural\nHistory\u0026rsquo;)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;Gorillas. \u003cu\u003eIn captivity\u003c/u\u003e , the first menstrual flow reportedly\noccurs between six and seven years of age. (Dixson, 1981). Menstrual\nbleeding has not been observed in \u003cu\u003ewild\u003c/u\u003e mountain gorillas at\nKarisoke;\u0026rsquo; (my italics again) (Peter Thorpe Ellison, \u0026lsquo;Reproductive\nEcology and Human Evolution\u0026rsquo;)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"no-bleeding-observed\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u0026lsquo;NO BLEEDING OBSERVED\u0026rsquo; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#no-bleeding-observed\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote that the two accounts of gorillas in the wild conflict. One says\nthey do not menstruate. The other chooses its words more carefully. It\nsays \u0026rsquo;no observed flow\u0026rsquo;. This carries the implication that the\nresearchers recognize that there could actually be a small amount of\nbleeding, but it\u0026rsquo;s so small that they weren\u0026rsquo;t able to detect it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the same way, women who think they haven\u0026rsquo;t menstruated at all may\nactually have lost a drop or two of blood but haven\u0026rsquo;t noticed it. For\nexample, it could have been lost within a flow of wee, or not noticed on\ncoloured underwear. Just a possibility.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"are-indigenous-women-and-gorillas-in-the-wild-with-little-or-no-observed\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAre Indigenous Women (And Gorillas In The Wild) With Little Or No (Observed) \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#are-indigenous-women-and-gorillas-in-the-wild-with-little-or-no-observed\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBleeding Unhealthy?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe gorillas are obviously healthy. And the lifestyle of the indigenous\nwomen, or at least those studied relatively early in the 20th century,\nwill almost certainly have been free of many of the things in the\ndeveloped world linked with illness, eg refined sugar, white flour,\nprocessed foods in general, not to mention alcohol, tobacco,\nprescription drugs etc and they will have been living outdoor lives.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHealthier than us? Or less healthy. Not a difficult one to answer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the 21st century \u0026lsquo;developed\u0026rsquo; world, the women most likely to report\nlight or \u0026lsquo;absent\u0026rsquo; periods are so often the healthiest. They\u0026rsquo;re often\nathletes - women at the peak of physical fitness. And/or they\u0026rsquo;re women\nwho have at least eschewed the disease-causing substances listed above\nand following diets high in raw plant foods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn general, the less healthy women are, the more they are likely to be\nplagued by heavy periods. Studies have shown that overweight women tend\nto have heavier periods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd, the more body fat, the younger the age girls will start bleeding.\nBody fat is of course not necessary for \u003cu\u003eovulation\u003c/u\u003e , as, if it\nwas, starving women throughout the world would not be having children,\nand clearly they are. It could be that young girls whose \u0026lsquo;periods\u0026rsquo; have\nnot started may well have started ovulating, but with no (observable)\nblood flow (yet) and, yes, these will tend to be the slimmer girls. As,\nan increase in body fat is often accompanied by an increase in toxicity\nand you will see later in the article why I\u0026rsquo;d tentatively suggest at\nthis point that this could account for the link between body fat and\nbleeding. (Note I am generalising - slim women can have high levels of\ntoxicity too!).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd of course the higher the blood loss the more likely there is to be\nanaemia caused by a loss of iron.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"are-women-who-dont-have-a-flow-infertile\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAre Women Who Don\u0026rsquo;t Have A \u0026lsquo;Flow\u0026rsquo; Infertile? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#are-women-who-dont-have-a-flow-infertile\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf there is no ovulation (more later) then, yes, they would be\ninfertile.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut there are many accounts of women who have either not had periods, or\nhave not had any \u0026lsquo;flow\u0026rsquo;, or have had periods infrequently, having no\nproblems becoming pregnant, so clearly they have been ovulating and\nfertile. The indigenous women reported as having little or no flow, and\nthe gorillas with little flow, or no \u0026lsquo;observed\u0026rsquo; flow, have borne\nchildren \\ in fact I\u0026rsquo;d guess fertility rates in these groups are far\nhigher than in our society.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygienist Herbert Shelton: \u0026lsquo;I personally know of one woman who\nis the mother of five children and she has never menstruated in her\nlife. I know another who menstruated during her adolescent period and\nmarried a man who had changed his way of living to a truly natural\nlifestyle. She joined him in his health regime and became a fine\nspecimen of health and ceased menstruating. Thereafter she had three\nchildren, all delivered naturally and painlessly and never menstruated\nagain in her life.\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eViktoras Kulvinskas in \u0026lsquo;Survival in the 21st Century\u0026rsquo; reports the case\nof a woman treated by Dr G S White, who changed her diet to vegan.\n\u0026lsquo;[She] flowed bright blood five or six days of each month [and] had\nsuch severe cramps that she could not hold her position as stenographer.\n[He treated her for six months, after which her]periods changed to\nhalf a day mucous flow with no blood at all. She was able to resume her\nwork and did so for two or three years. She married and has had three\ndaughters. Each of them had a mucous flow for about half a day each\nmonth and are in perfect health. One is married and had a healthy baby\ngirl.\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThomas Lodi MD (\u0026lsquo;Get Fresh\u0026rsquo; magazine, Summer 08): \u0026lsquo;ā€¦it has been my\nexperience over the past eight years working with women eating raw,\nvegan diets that the menstrual cycles become scant and few, while\nquality of life and fertility not only persist but improve.\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"have-women-always-had-a-monthly-blood-flow\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHave Women Always Had A Monthly Blood Flow? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#have-women-always-had-a-monthly-blood-flow\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSimple answer is: we don\u0026rsquo;t know.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot many ancient writings discuss menstruation. The stock answer to this\nis \u0026lsquo;ah, that\u0026rsquo;s because it was taboo.\u0026rsquo; What if, what ifā€¦it\u0026rsquo;s because it\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t actually used to happen much?!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s a mention:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLeviticus 15:19: \u0026lsquo;And if a woman has an issue, and her issue in her\nflesh be blood, she shall be put apart seven days; and whosoever\ntoucheth her shall be unclean.\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote the word \u0026lsquo;IF\u0026rsquo;. Not \u0026lsquo;WHEN\u0026rsquo;. This suggests that perhaps women didn\u0026rsquo;t\nhabitually menstruate. (\u0026lsquo;Unclean\u0026rsquo; as used in those times meant\n\u0026lsquo;unhealthy\u0026rsquo;). Also, elsewhere in Leviticus, it describes the period as\nthe \u0026lsquo;blood of the purification\u0026rsquo;. As if the body is cleaning itself via\nthe blood flow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn ancient Japan also, menstruating women were segregated. After their\nperiod of seclusion ended, they had to wash in the river or sea.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe\u0026rsquo;ve been taught that people then knew less than we do nowadays. Could\nit be that they actually knew \u003cu\u003emore\u003c/u\u003e? I\u0026rsquo;ll explain why I think that\ncould be the caseā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"womb-lining-puzzle\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u0026lsquo;Womb Lining\u0026rsquo; Puzzle \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#womb-lining-puzzle\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;Little bleeding\u0026rsquo;, \u0026rsquo;no observed flow\u0026rsquo;, \u0026rsquo;tablespoon of blood\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;half a\nday mucous flow\u0026rsquo; - doesn\u0026rsquo;t seem to make sense, does it, when we\u0026rsquo;ve been\nled to understand that the \u0026lsquo;womb lining\u0026rsquo; has to be shed each month. But,\nmany women in developed countries following healthy diets/lifestyles,\nsome indigenous women, and gorillas, don\u0026rsquo;t seem to be shedding any womb\nlining, but are still having babies!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhy is that many, if not most, women in developed countries do appear to\nshed a lot of gunge along with the blood, but the most natural-living\nwomen don\u0026rsquo;t appear to?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne theory, (and this is backed to some extent by scientific\nobservations of monkeys), is that the womb lining can, instead of being\nshed, be reabsorbed by the body when not needed as a bed for the\nfertilised egg.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;If the endometrial tissues are not needed - in a truly healthy woman,\nas in animals in their wild state, those tissues are mostly reabsorbed.\nWhat remains is expelled over a short period of time as a slight mucus\ndischarge.\u0026rsquo; (Dr H G Beiler)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo - could it be that the womb lining that the average woman has built\nup contains toxic substances due to things ingested and the body is\nsaying \u0026lsquo;No way - don\u0026rsquo;t want \u003cu\u003ethat\u003c/u\u003e reabsorbed thank you!\u0026rsquo; and\nchooses instead to dump it? It\u0026rsquo;s certainly likely that, in the average\nwoman, the womb lining will contain toxic substances, as, when pregnant,\nit develops into the placenta, and we know that toxins on the placenta\ncan be harmful to a developing baby.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf course, if the egg has been fertilised, the lining will need to stay.\nBut it\u0026rsquo;s possible that the body could find other ways to detox itself of\nany poisons in early pregnancy, eg via morning sickness (discussed\nlater).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd/or perhaps it\u0026rsquo;s simply the case that the unhealthier the woman, the\nthicker the womb lining will become. And, connected with the argument\nabove, this could be because a lot of material/blood is being deposited\nthere that is not deposited in the healthier woman, or the primate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"so-why-do-the-bodies-of-civilised-women-generally-bleed-so-much\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSo Why Do The Bodies Of \u0026lsquo;Civilised\u0026rsquo; Women Generally Bleed So Much? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#so-why-do-the-bodies-of-civilised-women-generally-bleed-so-much\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;Civilised\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;developed\u0026rsquo; - difficult to choose words that won\u0026rsquo;t offend\nsomeone, butā€¦you know what I mean, I hope.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost women in our society don\u0026rsquo;t bleed just a drop or two, or very\nlightly, as do many women living natural lifestyles, and primates. They\nbleed \u003cu\u003elots\u003c/u\u003e. Yes, the blood does \u003cu\u003eflow\u003c/u\u003e. And very few men\nreading this will have any idea just how much! For days - often a week.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo here come the radical views. They\u0026rsquo;re mainly writings from early in\nthe 20th century (as, from the later 20th century, when radical feminist\nwritings took hold, anything suggesting that menstruation was anything\nless than a wonderful thing would have been \u0026lsquo;deposited\u0026rsquo; on from a great\nheight - would anyone have dared?) Basically, the idea presented in the\nfollowing writings is that of menstruation as \u0026lsquo;dis-ease\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;Menstruation is a haemorrhage. No authority on earth can successfully\nmaintain that a haemorrhage is natural and normal, no matter in what\npart of the body it occurs.\u0026rsquo; (Dr G R Clements, \u0026lsquo;Female Degeneration\u0026rsquo;)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;Women are beginning to see the mistake of not questioning every aspect\nof their mental, physical and bodily circumstance. If one wrong\ncondition in the body is not alleviated, it will compound itself and\nlead to other, worse conditionsā€¦when the organs of elimination are\noverburdened, the body stores some of the waste and then seeks other\navenues (not designed for elimination of waste disposal.) (Dr Schroyer,\n\u0026lsquo;The Physiological Enigma of Women\u0026rsquo;).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;ā€¦toxic blood seeks an outlet through the womb via the menstrual\nfunctionā€¦The quality of menstrual blood varies according to the\nchemistry of the toxic material. Bright red, profuse, odourless blood\naccompanied by severe uterine cramps indicates that the preponderant\nirritant comes from improper digestion of sugars and starches. The\noffending toxins are acids which have failed to be completely oxidized\nto carbon dioxide and water. On the other hand, if the menstrual blood\nis dark and odorous, clotted and stringy, the toxins of protein\nindigestion or putrefaction are presentā€¦thus it is obvious that under\nchemical duress the uturus, which nature developed as the organ of\nreproduction, can become an organ for the elimination of putrid waste.\u0026rsquo;\n(H G Bieler, \u0026lsquo;Natural Way to Sexual Health\u0026rsquo;). (Old Jewish writings from\nthe \u0026lsquo;Talmud\u0026rsquo; also distinguished between different colours of menstrual\nblood).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterestingly, in \u0026lsquo;Diseases of Women and Children\u0026rsquo;, Dr Tilden related\nthe amount of menstrual bleeding to the amount of discharge women\nproduce at other times of the month, which he felt was also a means by\nwhich the body eliminates toxic matter. (The Old Testament records that\nthe ancient Israelites viewed \u003cu\u003eany discharge\u003c/u\u003e , from men or women,\nas unhealthy, and is in fact similar to the modern \u0026lsquo;alternative\u0026rsquo; health\nview that when the body discharges, via whatever outlet, it is trying to\npurify itself, to clean itself of toxic substances.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo many feminists, the idea of the menstrual blood as being \u0026lsquo;impure\u0026rsquo; is\nheresy, butā€¦\u0026lsquo;The toxicity of menstrual blood has been well\nsubstantiated. Mach and Lubin (Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental\nTherapy 22:413 (1924)) showed that the blood plasma, milk, sweat and\nsaliva of menstruating women contains a substance that is highly toxic\nto protoplasm of living plants. This toxic substance is not present\nduring the intermenstrual periods.\u0026rsquo; Even the sweat and saliva! And these\ntoxins are not present when not menstruating. It\u0026rsquo;s as if the body is\n\u0026lsquo;gathering together\u0026rsquo; toxins in the period preceding menstruation, prior\nto expulsion at menstruation, to get the body all nice and clean again\nfor possible impregnation the following month. But, sure, the study\u0026rsquo;s\nold, and if anyone knows whether any subsequent studies have refuted it,\nlet me know.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"more-on-diet\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMore On Diet \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#more-on-diet\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHealth researchers and writers Leslie and Susanna Kenton found their\nperiods changed after switching to a diet high in fresh fruits and\nvegetables:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;Women on an all-raw or high-raw diet often report that menstrual\nproblems such as bloating, pre-menstrual tension and fatigue improve\ngreatly after two or three months. For some of them the improvement is\nso dramatic that they are not aware of their periods until they arrive.\nThis is something we discovered ourselves and at first we thought we\nwere unique. Then we spoke to numerous other women who said they had had\na similar experience. Heavy periods become lighter - a period that lasts\nsix or seven days can be reduced to as few as one or two. In some women,\nparticularly those who do not eat meat, dairy products or large\nquantities of nuts, periods even cease altogether.\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBellgene Chung, who healed herself of cervical cancer, and believes raw\nfood helped her do that, has researched menstruation and diet:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;Menstruation (bleeding) is NOT a necessity following ovulationā€¦We have\nbeen conditioned to believe that menstruation goes hand in hand with\novulationā€¦Most women, including myself, experience menstruation because\nthey are not truly clean on the insideā€¦Menstruation is the body\u0026rsquo;s\ndesperate attempt to free itself from toxins, and many females\nexperience PMS in addition to the needless bleeding. Abdominal pain\n(cramping), headaches, fatigue and irritability do NOT signify an\noptimal state of health, yet most of us brush these symptoms off as the\nnorm. If you feel such symptoms, this is how your body is communicating\nthat it wants you to change what you are doing; we must listen to\nNature\u0026rsquo;s messagesā€¦Presently, on a mainly raw diet, I do not even realize\nthat I am menstruating until I feel moist and decide to take a peek\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(re PMS - could it be that we also \u0026lsquo;collect up\u0026rsquo; psychological\ntoxinsā€¦building up just pre menstruation, to be expelled (phew!) at\nmenstruation?)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"so-what-happens-at-pregnancy-at-the-menopause\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSo What Happens At Pregnancy, At The Menopause? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#so-what-happens-at-pregnancy-at-the-menopause\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese are my suggestions only; they\u0026rsquo;ve come from my \u0026lsquo;wrestles\u0026rsquo; with the\nvarious theories.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we become pregnant, we stop ovulating. So, there\u0026rsquo;s no longer any\negg released to be fertilised. So there\u0026rsquo;s no unfertilised egg to be\nshed. So there\u0026rsquo;s no monthly \u0026rsquo;loss\u0026rsquo; which the body can efficiently take\nadvantage of to offload toxic matter. And the womb lining can\u0026rsquo;t be\ndiscarded, as if it was the embryo would go along with it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSoā€¦if the theories above are correct, the body could have a problem, in\nthat it may have accumulated toxic matter, but its monthly outlet via\nthe uterus and vagina, is firmly closed. So, it will have to find some\nalternative way to expel any gathered toxins. Cue morning sickness. As a\nnon-doctor, non- nutritionist, non-scientist, I\u0026rsquo;m going to suggest that\nmorning sickness could be a wonderful outlet for detoxification.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd others feel similarly. Natural Hygienist Joyce M Kling: \u0026lsquo;Morning\nsickness is a body purification effort to create a better environment\nfor the fetus.\u0026rsquo; Some say that morning sickness is all down to\n\u0026lsquo;hormones\u0026rsquo;. Well, I don\u0026rsquo;t see why hormones can\u0026rsquo;t be involved in the\npurification process, and I can only say that \u003cu\u003eif I were pregnant I\nwould not do anything in any way to stop or \u0026lsquo;cure\u0026rsquo; morning sickness, if\nit occurred\u003c/u\u003e. _That\u003c/sub\u003e is because I believe that anything that\nsuppresses morning sickness will mean that unwanted toxins may stay in\nour bodies - with possibly adverse consequences for the unborn baby. Not\nproven by science. Just the theory of a madwoman._\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMenopause: as in pregnancy, the body is no longer ovulating, therefore\nno monthly loss of unfertilised egg, so, again, if the theories above\nare correct, that exit for toxins is again closed. Thus the body will\nlook for other ways to detoxify. I\u0026rsquo;d suggest that one way in which it\nwill do this is via the skin - cue \u0026lsquo;hot flushes\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"for-those-whose-periods-have-gone-awol-or-at-least-appear-to-have-on-raw\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFor Those Whose Periods Have Gone Awol (Or At Least Appear To Have) On Raw \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#for-those-whose-periods-have-gone-awol-or-at-least-appear-to-have-on-raw\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst, watch \u003cu\u003every\u003c/u\u003e carefully! It could simply be that you have had\na tiny blood loss, but that this is so far removed from a\nperiod-as-you-know-it, that you haven\u0026rsquo;t noticed. A spot or two, or\nperhaps a pink discharge, around the time that you\u0026rsquo;d expect a period,\ncould well mean that ovulation has taken place 14 days previously.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you\u0026rsquo;ve detected nothing for months, not even a spot, I\u0026rsquo;d understand\nwhy you might feel concerned. After all, a teeny amount of bleeding at\nleast is reassuring to our conditioned minds that ovulation has\noccurred, and it\u0026rsquo;s good to know that it is occurring if we wish to\nbecome pregnant at some time. So the key thing then is to establish\nwhether you are in fact ovulating.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe accounts I\u0026rsquo;ve described suggest that, if you feel healthy generally,\nthere is a far higher likelihood that you \u003cu\u003eare\u003c/u\u003e ovulating and that\nall is well, than not. Please don\u0026rsquo;t worry if anyone on a conventional\ndiet tells you that perhaps you are not ovulating because you are\n\u0026lsquo;starving\u0026rsquo; yourself, or \u0026lsquo;malnourished\u0026rsquo;. That theory really doesn\u0026rsquo;t hold\nwater, because millions of starving, malnourished women in the world\ncontinue to have babies, so clearly ovulate. Secondly, even if it were\ncorrect, you are just about as far from being malnourished as it is\npossible to be. People on standard cooked diets are often\n\u0026lsquo;malnourished\u0026rsquo;. If you are on a diet high in raw plant foods, you are\nlikely to be in the best health you\u0026rsquo;ve experienced for a long time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, having said that you\u0026rsquo;re very likely to be ovulating fine, how can\nyou know for sure? Here are two things you could do to know for \u0026lsquo;almost\nsure\u0026rsquo;! Firstly, you can take your temperature daily and see if there\u0026rsquo;s a\nslight rise mid- cycle. The rise indicates ovulation. Secondly, observe\nthe state of vaginal discharge/mucus daily (if any - see Tilden above!).\nAt ovulation it should change from being relatively opaque and thick to\nthinner and transparent with the consistency of raw egg white (sorry,\nlifetime vegans who\u0026rsquo;ve never had an egg - you\u0026rsquo;ll have to get hold of\none.). Try putting some of the mucus on a tissue and folding then\nunfolding it - if you see any \u0026lsquo;strings\u0026rsquo;, and it\u0026rsquo;s thin and transparent,\nit\u0026rsquo;s likely ovulatory mucus.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you\u0026rsquo;ve detected nothing, not even a spot, \u003cu\u003eno\u003c/u\u003e r a temperature\nrise, \u003cu\u003enor\u003c/u\u003e a change in mucus, then it would be wise to follow\nThomas Lodi MD\u0026rsquo;s advice: \u0026lsquo;absence of menstruation can \u003cu\u003esometimes\u003c/u\u003e\n(my italics) denote an underlying hormonal problemā€¦consult a suitably\nqualified holistic physician who can carry out the relevant checks.\u0026rsquo;\nBear in mind, in the UK at least, medical doctors will rarely act until\nperiods have been absent for six consecutive months.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI believe however that the vast majority of women on raw vegan diets who\nare experiencing scant, or no (observed!) blood flow are doing so \u003cu\u003efor\nthe very best and healthiest reasons\u003c/u\u003e rather than there being\nanything wrong.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"conclusion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConclusion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#conclusion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWas pristine woman walking in paradise dripping blood for a few days\neach month? I don\u0026rsquo;t think so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAre periods normal? Yes - in most \u0026lsquo;developed\u0026rsquo; societies, and\nparticularly amongst women on standard cooked omnivorous diets. Are they\nhealthy? Periods- as-generally-understood? I don\u0026rsquo;t think so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo I still have them? Well - erā€¦ yes. At 50, I do still have periods,\nbut obviously have mixed feelings here! Pre-raw, I was rather pleased\nthat my body was still bleeding each month, but now I\u0026rsquo;m obviously not so\nsure. It\u0026rsquo;s all slightly confused by the fact that I\u0026rsquo;m an old hag and\ntherefore may not be ovulating regularly, but I can say (way-hay!) that,\nsince raw (I\u0026rsquo;m 100% raw, but my diet\u0026rsquo;s not perfect), my periods are much\nlighter and more infrequent. Phew.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe main aim of this article has been to challenge the prevailing view\nof periods as \u0026lsquo;healthy\u0026rsquo;, to challenge the things we\u0026rsquo;ve been brought up\nto believe about them, and to reassure those women whose menstrual flow\nhas changed since going raw that this is probably not something to be\nconcerned about, that it is just as likely (if not more likely) to be a\nsign that health is improving, rather than the opposite.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we go raw, we are going out of step with what 99% of the world says\non diet. In this article, I\u0026rsquo;ve taken the same path on menstruation. I\nhope I have, at least, provided food for thought.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Pesticides and Our Crops", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/pesticides-and-our-crops/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/pesticides-and-our-crops/", "authors": [ { "name": "Big George" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eIn today\u0026rsquo;s society we hear often the term pesticides. What are\npesticides? Pesticides are harmful chemicals that are sprayed on produce\nto prevent insects from destoying the crop. That seems kind of odd\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t it? Putting harmful chemicals on food that we will eventually\nconsume. Do they realize that if insects and bugs are running away from\nthese deadly chemicals what the chemicals would do in our bodies.\nPesticides are a big business and in theworld of greed - money seems to\nbe the biggest motivating factor.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"how-can-we-avoid-the-pesticide-produce\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow can we avoid the pesticide produce? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-can-we-avoid-the-pesticide-produce\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOrganic produce is the best produce to purchase. Specifically look for\ncertified organic growers or better yet grow the fruits and vegetables\nyourself so you can be assured that your produce is safe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf course in an imperfect world we can\u0026rsquo;t always eat organic or have the\ngood fortune of growing our own produce, so keeping that in mind, I have\nprovided a list from the Environmental Working Group, compiled from FDA\nand EPA data.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"enjoy-or-should-i-say-avoid-\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEnjoy or should I say avoid ā€¦ \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#enjoy-or-should-i-say-avoid-\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStrawberry growers everywhere use large amounts of pesticides,\nparticularly fungicides. The end result is a popular fruit that contains\na myriad of toxic chemicals. Of the 42 fruits and vegetables we\nexamined, strawberries ranked first in combined contamination,with 189\nout of 200 possible points.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e70% of the strawberry samples tested positive for one or more\npesticides, and 36% contained two or more chemicals, including 19\nsamples with four pesticides, four samples with five, and one with six\ndifferent pesticides. The FDA detected 30 different pesticides on\nstrawberries, second only to apples with 36. More significant, however,\nis the toxicity of the pesticides detected and the percentage of the\ncrop and levels at which they are found. Based on the results of 361\nsamples of strawberries by the FDA over a two year period:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStrawberries had the highest average levels by far of pesticides that\ndisrupt the endocrine system. The mean amount of endocrine disrupters\nwas more than 20% higher than the next vegetable, spinach. The\ncarcinogenic potency of the average residue on strawberries ranked\nseventh overall. The neurotoxic potency of the pesticides on\nstrawberries was 15th out of the 42 produce items evaluated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSweet peppers (or bell peppers) from the US and Mexico constitute\napproximately 98% of US sweet pepper consumption, and have a\nconsiderably worse pesticide profile than peppers from any other\ncountry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e64% of the sweet pepper crop from the US and Mexico contained residues\nof at least one pesticide, and 36% contain two or more pesticides. Of\nthe 393 samples taken between 1992 and 1993, 11 contained residues of\nfive different pesticides and 3 samples had residues of six pesticides.\nIn total, 26 pesticides were detected on US and Mexican sweet peppers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe neurotoxic potency of pesticide residues on US and Mexican sweet\npeppers was the highest of any crop tested - 65% higher than the potency\nfor the next highest food. Methamidophos was found on 42% of the\nsamples, acephate was found on 25%, carbaryl on 18%, and chlorpyrifos\nand dimethoate on 10%. Endocrine disrupters ranked 12th out of 42 crops\ntested, while the cancer potency of the average residue was relatively\nlow at 32nd out of 42.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpinach has residues of fewer pesticides than other crops in the list of\nthe twelve most contaminated, but the concentrations for certain\ncancer-causing and endocrine disrupting chemicals are considerably\nhigher than those for other produce. Just over 50% of the spinach\nsamples tested positive for one of 17 different pesticides. 17%\ncontained two to four pesticides.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe most commonly detected pesticide on spinach was permethrin, a\npossible human carcinogen and endocrine disrupter. Permethrin was found\nin relatively large amounts, which helped make spinach second only to\nstrawberries in the total mean residue of endocrine disrupters and\nreproductive toxins. The neurotoxic potency of the average residue, in\ncontrast, was 28th out of the 42 crops tested.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe cancer potency of the average total residue on spinach was the\nhighest of any of the produce analyzed. And actual levels of carcinogens\non spinach are likely to be higher than we estimated. One reason is that\nchlorothanonil, a probable human carcinogen, was found at relatively\nhigh levels on several spinach samples. The FDA, however, tested only 17\nout of 189 samples for chlorothalonil. Because of our sample size\nrequirement of 20 per pesticide/crop combination, these results were not\nincluded in the overall ranking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpinach also had relatively high levels of DDT, which was found in 10%\nof 186 samples.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCherries grown in the United States have a far different pesticide\nprofile than those that are imported. While imported cherries are among\nthe cleanest fruits and vegetables analyzed, US cherries are the fourth\nworst. The detections on domestic cherries reveal a panoply of\npesticides - 26 different pesticides, more than three times the number\nfound on imported cherries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e71% of US - grown samples contained residues of one or more pesticides,\ncompared with 35% of imported samples. More significantly, almost half\nof all US cherries are likely to contain multiple pesticide residues,\nwhereas, in comparison, only 2% of imported cherries contained more than\none pesticide. Up to five pesticides were found on single domestic\ncherry samples.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDomestically grown cherries rank fourth in terms of cancer potency of\nthe average residue, ninth in average amount of endocrine disrupters and\nreproductive toxins, and 14th in neurotoxic potency of the average\nresidue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe summer peach. So juicy, so tasty ā€¦ so full of pesticides. Peaches\nranked high in each of the seven categories we examined. 71% of the\npeach crop sampled by the FDA tested positive for pesticides, fifth\namong the 42 fruits and vegetables analyzed. 32% of samples contained\ntwo or more pesticides, including six samples with five, two samples\nwith six, and one peach sample with residues of seven pesticides, the\nhighest multiple residue in a single sample found by the FDA over the\ntwo year testing period (along with two apple samples). In total, 26\ndifferent pesticides were found on peaches.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany of the most commonly detected chemicals are probable human\ncarcinogens, most notably iprodione and captan. Peaches ranked sixth in\ncancer potency of the average residue, and eleventh for the average\nresidue of endocrine disrupters and twelfth inpotency of the average\nneurotoxic residue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNearly 15% of cantaloupes consumed each year in the United States come\nfrom Mexico. Compared to US grown cantaloupe, Mexico melons are much\nmore contaminated with pesticides.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e76% of the samples tested positive for at least one pesticide, number\nthree overall. And this may be an underestimate. 100% of 70 samples\ntested positive for chlorothalonil, a probable human carcinogen. These\n70 samples, however, are just 40% of the 173 samples of cantaloupes from\nMexico tested by the FDA during 1992-1993.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e48% of cantaloupes from Mexico tested positive for two or more\npesticides, more than any other crop analyzed. Up to five different\npesticides were found on single samples of cantaloupe from Mexico. In\ncontrast, just 47% of cantaloupe grown in theUS contained any pesticide,\nand only 16% of domestic samples contained two or more pesticides.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCantaloupes from Mexico ranked number two for the neurotoxic potency of\nthe average residue. The average residue of endocrine disrupters was\n13th out of the 42crops analyzed, while the cancer potency of the\naverage residue was 26th of 42 crops.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNearly every bite of celery we take is also a bite of pesticides. 81% of\nthe 188 celery samples tested positive for pesticide residues, more than\nany other crop analyzed. And, an analysis of detection rates for some\npesticides reveals that this figure may be too low. For example, 91 out\nof 94 (96%) of domestic and imported celery samples were positive for\nfor the probable human carcinogen chlorothalonil. Overall, however, this\namounted to about one half of the 182 samples of celery that were tested\nfor pesticides by the FDA.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFDA\u0026rsquo;s lack of testing for some heavily used pesticides makes crops\nappear to have fewer pesticides on them than they actually do. Even with\nthis caveat, 35% of celery samples contained residues of two or more\npesticides, and up to five different pesticides were found on a single\nsample.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCelery ranked third in the neurotoxic potency of the average residue,\n14th in the cancer potency of the average residue, and 20th out of 42\nfor the average residue of endocrine disrupters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApples are the quintessential American fruit. Apple pie, apple sauce,\ntheapple of my eye, an apple a day keeps the doctor away. Apples also\nhave more different pesticides on them than any other fruit or\nvegetable - 36 different pesticides according to FDA data - and\nmorepesticides (7) found on a single sample than any other crop. 61% of\napple samples tested positive for pesticides, and multiple pesticides on\nsingle samples are common. 33% of apple samples contained two or more\npesticides, 18 samples had five, five had six, and two samples were\ncontaminated with seven different pesticides.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf the thirty six pesticides detected on apples, eight are classified by\nthe EPA as possible or probable human carcinogens, and 15 are neurotoxic\norganophosphate insecticides. Apples also contain a high concentration\nof endocrine disrupters. Apples ranked tenth in average residue of\nendocrine disrupting pesticides, 16th in the neurotoxic potency of the\naverage residue, and 23rd in the cancer potency of the average residue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApricots contain consistently high levels of multiple pesticides,\nincluding carcinogens like captan on 35% of all samples. 64% of the FDA\nsamples contained one or more pesticides, and 38% had two or three\nresidues. Fourteen different pesticides were detected on apricots.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApricots ranked eighth out of 42 fruits and vegetables in average\nresidue of endocrine disrupting pesticides, 19th in the neurotoxic\npotency of the average residue, and tenth in the cancer potency of the\naverage residue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwenty-three different pesticides were detected on green bean samples in\n1992 and 1993. 18% of these samples had residues of more than one\npesticide - up to four on a single sample. More than 13% of samples\ncontained residues of three pesticides, and 28% of samples tested\npositive for chlorothalonil, a probable human carcinogen.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGreen beans ranked fifth out of 42 crops in the neurotoxic potency of\nthe average residue, sixth in average residue of endocrine disrupting\npesticides, and 19th in the cancer potency of the average residue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom January through April, 90% of the grapes eaten in the United States\nare from Chile, where growers use less sophisticated pest control\ntechniques than grape growers in the United States. Consequently, a far\nhigher percentage of Chilean crop tests positive for pesticides.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to the FDA, 79% of grapes grown in Chile contained pesticide\nresidues in 1992 and 1993, the second highest of all 42 fruits and\nvegetables analyzed. 46% of the Chilean samples contained two or more\npesticides, with up to six different pesticides found on a single sample\nof Chilean grapes. In contrast, only 17% of the US grapes contained\ndetectable residues, and only 6% contained multiple residues. In total,\nseventeen different pesticides were found on the Chilean crop.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe probable human carcinogens captan and iprodione were found on 64 and\n28% of Chilean grape samples respectively, compared with 4-5% of all\nsamples of domestically grown grapes, respectively. 27% of Chilean\ngrapes contained the endocrine disrupting fungicide vinclozolin,\ncompared to just one sample (less than one%) of grapes from the United\nStates.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe cancer potency of the average residue on Chilean grapes was 11th out\nof 42crops, and the average load of endocrine disrupting pesticides was\n19th. The neurotoxic potency of the average residue was in the bottom\nthird of all crops evaluated, at 30th.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCucumbers complete the list of the twelve most contaminated due\nprimarily to residues of a cancer causing insecticide, dieldrin, that\nwas banned in the United States over 20 years ago. Even though dieldrin\nis not directly applied to the crop, it is persistent in the soil and is\ntaken up by cucumbers. One out of every 14 cucumber samples from across\nthe United States andMexico contained residues of this highly toxic\ncompound. As a result, cucumbers ranked number two in cancer risk of all\n42 crops evaluated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost other results are in the middle of the pack. Cucumbers rank 23rd\nfor residues of endocrine disrupting pesticides, and 22nd for neurotoxic\npotency of the average residue. 40% of cucumbers had detectable\nresidues, according to the FDA, and12% of samples had two or more\nresidues detected. Twenty different pesticides were found on cucumbers\nover the two year period from 1992 through 1993.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Pink Elephant in the Room", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/pink-elephant-in-the-room/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/pink-elephant-in-the-room/", "authors": [ { "name": "KG" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe basic animal righton position is that moral regard should not be\nbased on any characteristic alleged to be uniquely human but instead be\na general compassion principle using sentience - a basic interest in\nliving, avoiding pain, maximizing pleasure - as the standard by which we\ndetermine the moral worth of others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis effort to extend moral concern beyond humans rests upon the other\nperson sharing the same sense of compassion and agreeing that the\nuniquely human traits (real or imagined) that are often considered\npraise-worthy are in fact insignificant when compared to this\nalternative criteria.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal righton advocates spend a great deal of time defending their\nposition from criticism, which is peculiar when they are the ones\nseeking to change the status quo.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is an easy way to make a strong case for nonhuman righton without\nusing sentience as criteria. It is a \u0026ldquo;Golden Rule with force\u0026rdquo; argument\nthat shifts the burden of proof to the person who opposes nonhuman\nrighton. The stronger their opposition to it, the stronger the\nrequirement to prove their pov is true.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt should not be a revelation to anyone that the fundamental issue in\nanimal righton that always comes up in any defense of an exploitation\npractice is the delusional belief that humans have superior moral worth\nas a group, claimed as an absolute universal truth without evidence,\nwhich leads to grotesque double standards in moral conduct. This is how\nracism or sexism or religious intolerance works, and how we arrive at\nthe situation where it is acceptable to torture innocent nonhuman lives\nworse than the most despised criminals. To treat them in ways that\nnonhumans do not treat humans. And yet, we associate the word humane\nwith goodness and the word inhumane with evil.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis superiority belief is not, as some assume, a biological instinct.\nIf that were the case we would not have homicide or child abuse or war\nor even be having this conversation. How could we when human moral\nsupremacy is an absolute universal truth? Something beyond all doubt or\nquestioning?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe won\u0026rsquo;t call it speciesism because the word implies that it is\nanalogous to racism and sexism, even though it is a fact that while a\nmember of any race or gender can be racist or sexist or both, only\nhumans can be shown to be \u0026ldquo;speciesist,\u0026rdquo; according to the definition of\nbelieving in the unfair and unjust superior moral worth of humans. If\nyou call it speciesism you invite the dumb defense that lions and\ngazelles are speciesist too even though they can easily be shown to\nengage in violent behavior for survival purposes and cannot be shown to\nhold to moral codes that invite the accusation of a double standard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA myth in human moral supremacy is taken for granted and left\nunexamined. It is like Manifest Destiny or a Chosen People myth.\nIncredibly, animal righton campaigners, even academic philosophers, tend\nto overlook this themselves and not consider it an essential part of the\nproblem. They talk about sentience, or suffering, or the importance of\ncompassion, but overlook this basic would-\nbe-laughable-if-it-didn\u0026rsquo;t-justify-hell-on-earth delusion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen discussing racism or sexism, we are quite aware of this issue of\narrogant self-importance. We understand what \u0026ldquo;white Christian\nsupremacist\u0026rdquo; means, or \u0026ldquo;male supremacist,\u0026rdquo; but when we say speciesist we\nare using a polite euphemism instead of being blunt.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsider the absurd hypothetical demands human righton extremists and\nsupremacist bigots make on campaigners for nonhuman righton. They ask\nthem to choose who we would save in an emergency situation involving a\nhuman and nonhuman. They don\u0026rsquo;t consider the consequences of such a\nscenario if changed to an entirely human predicament. If you have to\nchoose between a familiar human and a stranger, does your choice\ndetermine which one deserves to be systemically exploited in a lab or\nfarm? This is a double standard that exists entirely because of the\nblind acceptance of human superior moral worth even though the universe\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t validate it and supposedly supreme deities are conveniently mute\nand invisible on the subject.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOr they demand that an animal righton activist be perfect - divorce\nthemselves from society by magic and live on the moon, or be guilty of\nhypocrisy (a word very often misused). Such a demand is not made of a\nhuman righton activist - they are not expected to have not participated\nin society where things they oppose have happened. They can be against\nwar and homicide and still live on land taken in war - they can use\nmedicine that was lethally tested on slaves, prisoners, mental patients\nor African villagers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe human supremacist bigot is often a bully - they want to browbeat the\nadvocate into submission. Thus we have insecure activists who buy into\nthe idea that humans have an instinct for choosing humans over nonhumans\neven though we know that this is a complete absurdity every time we look\nat crime news, or lock our door at night, or see a bottle with an\nanti-tampering cap, or smile in agreement at an ad that says: \u0026ldquo;the more\npeople I meet, the more I love my cat.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis belief in humanity\u0026rsquo;s superior moral worth is not scrutinized - if\nit were, it would become obvious that human superior moral worth is as\nmuch biased personal opinion as an argument to defend racial, gender, or\nreligious superior moral worth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe criteria cited to prove human supremacy include mind, intelligence,\nsoul, creativity, Divine specialness, Evolutionary specialness, survival\nof the fittest, moral reciprocity, or an unspecified faculty X. They are\nall as much subjective personal opinion as the importance given to skin\ncolour or gender or a particular interpretation of scripture. It either\ncannot be proven that all humans possess this supposedly important\nquality or that all nonhumans lack them. And Nature does not confirm\nthis alleged superiority through natural phenomenon like weather,\ngravity, earthquakes etc. and the constant routine natural exploitation\nof humans by other humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHumans do not serve a stewardship function like worms or bees - the\nworld would be fine without them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf the world lost worms and bees, life systems would collapse. It is no\nsurprise people have to claim an invisible mute deity or deities has\nordained humans superior in moral value even though we have countless\nexamples of humans slaughtering each other in the name of those same\ndeities due to differences of opinion on religious trivia.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo much for the \u0026ldquo;rational\u0026rdquo; animal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUltimately, the moral argument against human supremacy is: if you want\nhuman righton, you must have nonhuman righton if for no other reason\nthan to close a loophole that would allow humans to justify exploiting\nhumans. There is no way around this problem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you claim humans can justify the systemic exploitation of nonhumans\nbased on biased personal opinion (mind, soul etc) then another human can\njustify the systemic exploitation of humans using biased personal\nopinion since you cannot prove these opinions to be absolute, fair\nobjective truth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is common sense that only humans can be shown to use moral codes and\nlaws in an effort to control their behavior thus they are the only ones\nobligated to follow them, nonhumans benefit without needing to\nreciprocate out of fairness and consistency, since punishing them for\nbeing unable to follow human laws when you know they cannot would be\nunfair. It would be like punishing a blind man for not reading warning\nsigns or an armless man for not grabbing a drowning swimmer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBesides, nonhumans do not put us in cages, torture and kill us for\nchoice, and other non-survival related activity. It may be argued that\nthey already follow our moral codes. Criminals who we do claim can\nchoose moral actions may deliberately violate such codes and are\nafforded far more compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoral perfection is impossible; you only do the best you can in any\ngiven situation. The failure to stop homicide or child abuse does not\njustify concentration camps, thus the failure to stop the accidental\ndeath of microbes or plants does not justify the construction and\nmaintenance of farms or laboratories.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe simple truth of existence is that one is born, lives, and dies.\nDuring that time individuals will seek out survival-related interests\nand trivial past times. Success, failure, does it really matter in the\nlong run? How can we prove that life is a contest or a race and if it\nis, where do the winners collect their prizes?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is fact for humans and all life. If a single individual claimed\nthey were superior in moral worth to all other humans and said this was\na divine or evolutionary truth, we would regard such a person as\narrogant or crazy or both. But when the claim is made about an entire\nspecies it suddenly doesn\u0026rsquo;t appear insane (when it should).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHuman supremacist bigots, anti-Nature fanatics, and/or human righton\nextremists are those who holds to a malicious deranged worldview where\nthe universe and life exists as a play thing for a small group of weak\nand finite creatures, whining in protest when they are subjected to such\ntreatment themselves, and boast of personal moral conduct and fairness\nthat they do not live up to, unlike the very same species that they\nconsider inferior.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Power of the Breath", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/power-of-the-breath/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/power-of-the-breath/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eCredit: ArtCuniqueLegend.DeviantArt.com\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePower of the breath\u003cbr\u003e\nWhere all life is born\u003cbr\u003e\nBurst through the veil\u003cbr\u003e\nDivinity into form\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLike a thousand horses\u003cbr\u003e\nRunning on the beach\u003cbr\u003e\nEach of them from heaven\u003cbr\u003e\nDivinity in each\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLike the wind up high\u003cbr\u003e\nRolling through the storm\u003cbr\u003e\nLike contrast of soft petals\u003cbr\u003e\nProtected by a thorn\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCreation of life\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a single breath\u003cbr\u003e\nThrough embracing life\u003cbr\u003e\nRelinquishment of death\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreathing in nourishment\u003cbr\u003e\nThen surrender letting go\u003cbr\u003e\nI am the mystery\u003cbr\u003e\nUnfolding as I grow\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Prayer of No Religion", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/prayer-of-no-religion/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/prayer-of-no-religion/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eDear Father, I remember, I am your holy Son\u003cbr\u003e\nThere is no separation, everything is one\u003cbr\u003e\nSuddenly the land shone with golden light\u003cbr\u003e\nAs I took your hand and my wings took flight\u003cbr\u003e\nEverything now sparkles, everything is love\u003cbr\u003e\nNow that my eyes are open to the holy dove\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFather I surrender, for my will is yours\u003cbr\u003e\nThe path that you lay takes me through many doors\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom darkness I emerged into eternal truth\u003cbr\u003e\nFirst I prayed for faith and now I see the proof\u003cbr\u003e\nWe are merely stars in your holy sky\u003cbr\u003e\nA sacred constellation, an eternal lullaby\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInto this world, your music echoes through\u003cbr\u003e\nWe are made of spirit and there is only you\u003cbr\u003e\nI wish only to serve, to be a holy quill\u003cbr\u003e\nI surrender illusion, you gift me what is real\u003cbr\u003e\nGuided by your hand, illuminated by your light\u003cbr\u003e\nYou give me courage to do what is right\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFather I adore you, in joy I sing your song\u003cbr\u003e\nYou gave me a place and now I belong\u003cbr\u003e\nDestiny calls us to the plan of divine\u003cbr\u003e\nTo infinite expansion for all of time\u003cbr\u003e\nLife is taken care of, for there is only light\u003cbr\u003e\nI rest in the heart of God, every single night\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach day that I awake, I am guided to\u003cbr\u003e\nSee with clarity, through the eyes of you\u003cbr\u003e\nInfinitely valuable, for we are God\u0026rsquo;s Son\u003cbr\u003e\nThere is no need for fear, when everything is one\u003cbr\u003e\nIn all of existence now I see your face\u003cbr\u003e\nAwoken from the dream, to your eternal grace\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Rainbow River", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/rainbow-river/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/rainbow-river/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThere is nothing left to stay for\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd everything for which to go\u003cbr\u003e\nAs I give birth to my soul\u003cbr\u003e\nThe rainbow river lets me know\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhich path to take\u003cbr\u003e\nWhich trail to follow\u003cbr\u003e\nThe treasure waits\u003cbr\u003e\nNo time to borrow\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe current pulls me in\u003cbr\u003e\nAs I let go to its strength\u003cbr\u003e\nNo longer any resistance\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd I will go to any length\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo protect the alignment\u003cbr\u003e\nFor it is all that\u0026rsquo;s real\u003cbr\u003e\nNo compromise of truth\u003cbr\u003e\nIs pure divine will\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFocus of an arrow\u003cbr\u003e\nDoing what is right\u003cbr\u003e\nWaters crystal clear\u003cbr\u003e\nShips sails bathed in light\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLooking out to the horizon\u003cbr\u003e\nMomentum gains its speed\u003cbr\u003e\nAs we stand upon the deck\u003cbr\u003e\nOur destiny is freed\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSailing through the breeze\u003cbr\u003e\nWarmth of the sun\u003cbr\u003e\nWe are colours of the rainbow\u003cbr\u003e\nWe are all one\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Raw Lifestyle Transition", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/raw-lifestyle-transition/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/raw-lifestyle-transition/", "authors": [ { "name": "Big George" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHere are some of the issues I have noticed some people go through while\nstarting on a Raw lifestyle. These issues being low self-esteem and\nguilt.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen someone chooses this lifestyle they may experience detox (i.e.\nrunning noses, head aches, vomiting, skin eruptions etc.) and feel bad\nphysically and mentally. Feeling bad physically makes sense, but feeling\nbad mentally doesn\u0026rsquo;t.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany people start to question going Raw as the problem and not the\nsolution to their problems. They wonder.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is when doubt sets in. Doubt can be a very interesting learning\nexperience. Doubt to me is like a storm that comes through one?s mind\nand if your home (thoughts on Raw) is built out of straw it will be\nblown away by the first storm and if it has been built with concrete\nthen it will weather any storm.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is where experiences and knowing can come into play. If you think a\nRaw lifestyle is for you then I assure you, your home is made of straw\nand if you know that the Raw lifestyle is for you then you will have a\nnice safe home that can handle any storm until the day you leave this\nplane.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany people who choose Raw, work with other coworkers. This can be an\ninteresting learning experience. Many people will feel guilty in calling\nin sick or taking a day off due to detox. They feel they have to\nmaintain this image of a super-being, yet they don\u0026rsquo;t realize that detox\nis part of the process (even Mother Nature detoxes through floods and\nearthquakes). They feel there is no way that they can call in sick:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen they come back from their day off they feel low afterwards because\nthey think they don\u0026rsquo;t have the authority to talk about health to others\nwho ask because they were sick. It\u0026rsquo;s alright to feel lousy physically\nand call in sick. Don\u0026rsquo;t feel guilty or low because you do - you are\ntransforming. It is amazing that one the biggest causes of the low\nself-esteem is a result of your own thoughts and nothing else. That is\nwhy it is so important to chose our thoughts wisely.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, you can choose the best thoughts in the world, but if you are\nfeeding your body junk all day long, you are eventually going to have to\nsettle your nutritional Karma account. You can choose to what to eat\nrather than letting an addiction choose for you. Many religions allow\none to eat anything and then pray to resolve their actions. Prayer is\nimportant, but so are the actions we take on a daily basis. Remember God\nhas given us choices and it is up to us to literally make our Heaven on\nEarth. You are a powerful soul, heading towards true Freedom.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBest of Luck on your Journeyā€¦\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Raw Recipes From Big George", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/raw-recipes-from-big-george/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/raw-recipes-from-big-george/", "authors": [ { "name": "Big George" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHere are some remarkable raw recipes that will make you rush to the\nkitchen! Remember as always to buy organic whenever possible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCream Of Asparagus Soup\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n1 bunch of asparagus\u003cbr\u003e\n3 stalks celery\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 small onion\u003cbr\u003e\n1 1/2-2 avocados\u003cbr\u003e\n1 cup water\u003cbr\u003e\n6 sprigs organic parsley\u003cbr\u003e\n2 tsp. tomatillo powder\u003cbr\u003e\nkelp or Nori to taste\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBlend until creamy. If not creamy enough, add 1/2 small avocado and\nblend.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026ldquo;Spaghetti\u0026rdquo; and Tomato Sauce\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nTo make sauce, blend in blender or Vita-Mix:\u003cbr\u003e\n6 medium totmatoes\u003cbr\u003e\n3-4 Tbs. tomato powder or all-purpose seasoning\u003cbr\u003e\n2 tsp. jicama powder (optional)\u003cbr\u003e\n1 tsp. beet powder (optional)\u003cbr\u003e\nItalian seasoning\u003cbr\u003e\nonion and/or garlic or kelp to taste\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo make \u0026ldquo;spaghetti\u0026rdquo; grate gold zucchini or butternut squash\nlengthwise.\u003cbr\u003e\nPour sauce (ingredients above) over \u0026ldquo;spaghetti\u0026rdquo; and mix together.\u003cbr\u003e\nMinced, grated cauliflower can be added to give a taste and feel of\ngrated cheese.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSalsa\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n1 cup fresh chopped tomatoes\u003cbr\u003e\n1/4 cup chopped onion\u003cbr\u003e\n1 garlic clove\u003cbr\u003e\n1/4 cup green pepper\u003cbr\u003e\n1/4 tsp. cayenne\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBlend above ingredients then add:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2 chopped tomatoes\u003cbr\u003e\n1 chopped green pepper\u003cbr\u003e\n1 chopped onion\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeason to taste with dulse or more cayenne.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHomemade Curry Powder\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n2 Tbs. coriander\u003cbr\u003e\n1 Tbs. cardamon\u003cbr\u003e\n1 Tbs. tumeric\u003cbr\u003e\n1 Tbs. cumin\u003cbr\u003e\n2 tsp. cayenne\u003cbr\u003e\n1 tsp. cinnamon\u003cbr\u003e\n1 tsp. cloves\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMix all finely ground spices together and store in the refrigerator.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCauliflower Dip\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n3 basil leaves\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 cup pine nuts\u003cbr\u003e\n3 cloves garlic\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdd kelp, tomatillo juice and cayenne to taste.\u003cbr\u003e\nBlend in a Vitamix, or blender to a smooth consistency and serve.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGarden Herb Spread/Dip\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n2 cups sprouted sunflower seeds\u003cbr\u003e\n1 cup plain unseasoned sauerkraut\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 large avocado\u003cbr\u003e\n2 cloves garlic\u003cbr\u003e\n1/4 tsp. tumeric\u003cbr\u003e\n2 tsp. dried dill weed\u003cbr\u003e\n2 tsp. dried basil\u003cbr\u003e\n1 medium onion\u003cbr\u003e\nkelp to taste\u003cbr\u003e\nsmall pinch of cayenne (don\u0026rsquo;t overpower dill and basil)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBlend in Vita-Mix or blender.\u003cbr\u003e\nUse purified water, tomatillo juice or tomato juice to thin to\napproximately mayonnaise consistency.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGuacamole\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n5 avocados\u003cbr\u003e\n4 tomatoes, diced\u003cbr\u003e\n3C finely shredded zucchini\u003cbr\u003e\n3 green onions, sliced thin\u003cbr\u003e\n1-2tsp Dulse seaweeed and garlic\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCut the avocados lengthwise, then twist to open and remove the pits.\u003cbr\u003e\nScore avocado meat first lengthwise, then across to form crisscross\npattern.\u003cbr\u003e\nScoop out and put into a bowl (do not mash the avocado).\u003cbr\u003e\nAdd remaining ingredients and mix gently. Serve with Essene crackers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCole Slaw\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n1 medium cabbage, finely shredded\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 bunches radishes, sliced\u003cbr\u003e\n3 green onions, sliced\u003cbr\u003e\n2 tomatoes, finely diced\u003cbr\u003e\n2 carrots, shredded\u003cbr\u003e\n3/4C seedsauce\u003cbr\u003e\nfew pinches ground Caraway or Dill seed\u003cbr\u003e\n1 teaspoon dulse seaweed and garlic\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePut first five ingredients into a stainless steel or glass bowl.\u003cbr\u003e\nSprinkle ground caraway or dill over vegetables.\u003cbr\u003e\nAdd Seedsauce. Mix and serve.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Rosalind and the Purple Tulip", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/ranjana/rosalind-and-the-purple-tulip/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/ranjana/rosalind-and-the-purple-tulip/", "authors": [ { "name": "Ranjana" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThroughout this story, click on the play button to hear each song.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a small town, not very far away, there lived a girl named Rosalind.\nShe loved the spring with its blossoms, chirping birds, and wonderful\nrain that washes away the dirty snow and waters the plants. Rosalind\nplayed outside with her older brother Terrance. The two of them loved\nlooking after the plants in their special garden in the backyard. In the\nspringtime bright tulips and yellow daffodils bloomed. As always their\nlittle garden was glowing with colour. Yet this spring was different ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ci\u003e\nLu-la, Lu-la, Lu-lay\u003cbr\u003e\nCome gather round me today\u003cbr\u003e\nI have a story to say\u003cbr\u003e\nLu-La, Lu-la, Lu-lay.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003caudio controls=\"controls\" src=\"lula1.mp3\" type=\"audio/x-wav\" preload\u003e\u003c/audio\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRosalind and Terrance, as usual, turned the soil of their garden and\nchecked their plants daily to see which of them were blooming or were\nabout to bloom. One day, Rosalind noticed a purple tulip with a white\nstripe on one of its petals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Oh, Terrance! Come see!\u0026rdquo; Rosalind called out. \u0026ldquo;Look at this tulip -\nI\u0026rsquo;ve never seen one like it!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTerrance rushed over to look, but seemed disappointed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;This purple tulip isn\u0026rsquo;t a pure colour like the others. It doesn\u0026rsquo;t\nreally fit in our garden.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Terrance, I think it is beautiful. This will be my special tulip,\u0026rdquo;\nRosalind claimed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEveryday Rosalind took extra care of the purple tulip. She would talk\nwith it, play games near it, and even gently stroke the petals. As the\ndays passed, the tulip\u0026rsquo;s colour became brighter and it grew very\nstraight, taller than the others. Even Rosalind\u0026rsquo;s mother and father said\nthe tulip looked strong.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRosalind told them the tulip was her best friend. She told Terrance that\nshe was sure the tulip listened when she spoke. One day she even thought\nthe tulip had spoken, but she wasn\u0026rsquo;t sure - it might have been the wind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell, one warm spring day, the family decided to make their first trip\nof the year to their cottage. Rosalind chattered happily to the purple\ntulip about this trip, telling it that she would be back in two days.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt the cottage Rosalind and Terrance played amongst the trees. Two days\npassed quickly and the children begged their parents to stay longer.\nThen they continued their play: hiding, climbing and running!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBack at their home the purple tulip waited for Rosalind\u0026rsquo;s return. After\nthree days it began to droop just a little. By the fifth day the purple\ntulip\u0026rsquo;s petals had lost some of their luster and it began to wilt. Sadly\nit sang out for its friend,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ci\u003e\nLu-la, Lu-la, Lu-lay\u003cbr\u003e\nRosalind come out to play\u003cbr\u003e\nLove will show you the way\u003cbr\u003e\nLu-La, Lu-la, Lu-lay.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003caudio controls=\"controls\" src=\"lula2.mp3\" type=\"audio/x-wav\" preload\u003e\u003c/audio\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the fifth day at the cottage, Rosalind suddenly remembered her\nfriend, the purple tulip. She had told it she would only be gone two\ndays. Oh, how she longed to see it now. She ran to her parents. \u0026ldquo;Please,\nplease may we go back today? I have to see the purple tulip. I think it\nis missing me!\u0026rdquo; she cried.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHer mother told her it was too late to return that day but they would\nreturn early the next morning. Rosalind couldn\u0026rsquo;t sleep that night,\nthinking only of the purple tulip. She was the first to be ready to\nleave the next morning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen they finally arrived back home, Rosalind burst into the backyard\nand ran to the garden. Tears began streaming down her cheeks as she saw\nher friend drooping limply.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;m so sorry for leaving you for longer than I had said. Please forgive\nme and be well,\u0026rdquo; she wished.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRosalind sat like a stone by the purple tulip for a very long time until\nshe heard a faint song,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ci\u003e\nLu-la, lu-la, lu-lay\u003cbr\u003e\nRosalind come now, be gay\u003cbr\u003e\nLove has shown us the way\u003cbr\u003e\nLu-la, lu-la, lu-lay.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003caudio controls=\"controls\" src=\"lula3.mp3\" type=\"audio/x-wav\" preload\u003e\u003c/audio\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe looked at the tulip and smiled. Its stem had straightened!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;m so happy to have a friend like you Purple Tulip,\u0026rdquo; Rosalind cooed\nsoftly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe two special friends stayed together - Rosalind beaming and the\npurple tulip\u0026rsquo;s petals glowing again ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Season for Non Violence", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:01-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/season-for-non-violence/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/season-for-non-violence/", "authors": [ { "name": "Sangeeta" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is an article written by the San Diego organizer of the 1998 Season\nfor Non-Violence event.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI would like to inform you if you do not know already about an exciting\nand uplifting time of the year- it is called the Season for\nNon-Violence. January 30 and April 4, 1998 mark the 50th and 30th\nanniversaries of the assassinations of Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. Martin\nLuther King, Jr. The days between these memorial anniversaries are being\nhailed as A Season for Non- Violence - a time to raise awareness about\nthe principles and practices of nonviolence, to highlight the local\n\u0026lsquo;heroes\u0026rsquo; and initiatives that are putting them into practice, and to\nhonor the legacies of two great men who taught the world an alternative\nmeans for defusing conflict and transforming communities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn keeping with the spirit of this time communities are offering\nworkshops on how to live compassionately. We would like to teach and\ninspire the world to live an existence that is in harmony with a\npeaceful planet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs individuals and as a society, we have evolved to the point where\nviolence is no longer recognized as a viable solution to chaos we have\ncreated and the consequences of which we now face. Violent actions and\nreactions are the scars of social, educational and economic woundsā€¦ the\nvoices of a spiritually inarticulate culture. The practice of\nnonviolence is initiated by choice and cultivated through agreement. The\ntime has come to agree on this as a global community - as if our lives\nand those of our children\u0026rsquo;s children, depended on it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur vision is of a better world for all human beings. Further, we are\ndetermined to base our actions on values firmly rooted in our diverse\ninner beliefs and traditions. To this end, we undertake \u0026ldquo;Gandhi/King: A\nSeason for Nonviolence\u0026rdquo; by applying our efforts and resources to\nidentifying, then bringing into full public focus the rich spectrum of\ngrassroots projects and programs by individuals and organizations who\nare pro-actualizing a culture of peace.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur purpose is to create an awareness of nonviolent principles and\npractice as a powerful way to heal, transform and empower our lives and\ncommunities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe are demonstrating that every person can move the world in the\ndirection of peace through their daily nonviolent choice and action.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you would like more information about the Season or would like to\ninitiate some awareness raising events, I would be honoured to assist\nyou in any way that I can.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlso, please check out \u003ca href=\"http://www.GandhiKing.com/\"\u003ewww.GandhiKing.com\u003c/a\u003e\nfor more information about the season.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are in the San Diego area, please come to our event in March.\nThere will be a special concert featuring Karl Anthony on March 12\nfollowed on March 13 with a conference on non-violence. The event will\ntake place at the Naval Training Center (off Rosecrans St) in San Diego.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Natural = Good ?", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/natural-equals-good/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/natural-equals-good/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eSome well-intentioned people create arguments by equating the concept of\nnatural with the concept of good. I say they are well-intentioned\nbecause it is by no means done out of malice or prospects of winning\ndebate points. However, the equation is not valid. In fact, within\nphilosophical circles it is known as the \u0026lsquo;appeal to nature\u0026rsquo; fallacy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first problem we have is that it is unclear what \u0026rsquo;natural\u0026rsquo; really\nmeans. The second problem, though perhaps not as difficult, is\nunderstanding what is \u0026lsquo;good\u0026rsquo;. Most people seem to realize at a personal\nlevel that pain, ill-health, death are probably not good things while\nvibrancy, well-being, some extent of self-determination generally are\ngood things. However, the idea of \u0026rsquo;natural\u0026rsquo; is wrapped in murkiness and\ntherefore lends itself to most peculiar self- serving manipulations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet\u0026rsquo;s look at the idea of natural and good through some examples and see\nhow they relate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"what-is-natural\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhat is natural? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#what-is-natural\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe usual definition for natural is the rather circular:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;something having to do with nature\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\n\u0026ldquo;being in accordance with or determined by nature\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOften this is interpreted by some to mean that if humans didn\u0026rsquo;t do it,\nthen it\u0026rsquo;s natural, but otherwise it ain\u0026rsquo;t so. In other words, if a human\nbuilds a house, that\u0026rsquo;s not natural, but if a beaver makes a dam, then it\nis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome go to the other extreme and argue that since humans were created by\nnature anything they do is natural. So if a trapdoor spider digs a hole\nin the ground it is no more natural than humans digging a bigger and\ndeeper hole to look for oil.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is natural according to biology or physiology is a particularly\ninteresting and diverse adventure. For instance, if you have that canine\ntooth, it is assumed that you must eat meat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProponents of this assertion range from the reasonable to the\nridiculous.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the latter group fall those who defend their practice of consuming\ncorpse parts by gleefully pointing to their ferocious-looking canines\nand proudly asserting that humans are hunters by nature. Well, I suppose\nthat these canines can come in pretty handy to rip open the cellophane\nwrapping on the bargain steak they\u0026rsquo;ve hunted down in the supermarket.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne rather amusing fellow who was desperately trying justify his\ncorpse-eating habit in a discussion, irked by the cellophane comment,\ntried to explain how humans have become the \u0026rsquo;natural predators\u0026rsquo; of the\n\u0026lsquo;prey\u0026rsquo; in factory farms.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome go even further and insist that because of that canine tooth, you\ncan only eat meat and not other things - or if you do, dire things will\noccur. This is unfortunately propagated even by ethical vegetarians when\nit comes to their dogs and cats. They correctly describe the jaw and\ntooth structure, point out the shorter intestinal tract, emphasize the\nph balance of the digestive juices and conclude that it has to be meat\nbecause nature so dictates!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s a fine argument and appears very difficult to refute were it not\nfor the fact that it completely overlooks\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethe apparently \u0026lsquo;unnatural\u0026rsquo; fact that dogs and cats do eat all sorts\nof things other than meat when the opportunity is present\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethat even if they aren\u0026rsquo;t given any animal products at all and are\nprovided with properly supplemented and balanced meals, they do just\nfine\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe phrase \u0026lsquo;just fine\u0026rsquo; is not intended to be a term for mere adequacy.\nMore rational feed-meat advocates at least acknowledge that dogs and\ncats can indeed \u0026lsquo;survive\u0026rsquo;, but insist they cannot \u0026rsquo;thrive\u0026rsquo;. Exactly what\nis meant by \u0026rsquo;thrive\u0026rsquo; becomes a bit unclear though. It seems to have\nsomething to do with having a great coat, plenty of energy, a delightful\ndisposition and some other things, which apparently meat-eating dogs and\ncats possess. If you demonstrate that a veg dog or veg cat meets exactly\nthe same criteria set here for \u0026rsquo;thrive\u0026rsquo;, for some reason your arguments\nare not always accepted as being credible by this faction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhy? Because you are not feeding the \u0026rsquo;natural\u0026rsquo; diet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn other words, what is natural is good and what is not natural is bad,\neven if it is demonstrated to be good (and with dog and cat diets, often\nbetter).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow is the fallacy in full swing: the equating of \u0026rsquo;natural\u0026rsquo; with\n\u0026lsquo;good\u0026rsquo; and \u0026lsquo;unnatural\u0026rsquo; with \u0026lsquo;bad\u0026rsquo;, completely ignoring the actual\nrealities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"is-something-natural-necessarily-good\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eIs something natural necessarily good? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#is-something-natural-necessarily-good\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn nature, some animals bully, attack and even kill others not for food,\nbut just because they feel like it. As with humans, there are various\nmotivations of territory, dominance or even cruelty. Masson\u0026rsquo;s book,\n\u003cem\u003eWhen Elephants Weep\u003c/em\u003e analyzes numerous documented instances of these\nbehaviours that occur in nature. Is this behaviour natural? Some would\nsay so. Is it good? Certainly not for the victims ā€¦ and possibly in an\nevolutionary sense, not for the species either.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Masson also writes about many instances of animal compassion and\naltruism as well. In other words, animals display the same sorts of\nbehaviours that people do.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s not that there isn\u0026rsquo;t morality in nature. It\u0026rsquo;s that there seems to\nbe no enforcement of any moral code. Civilization at least has made some\nattempt (albeit quite counter-productive in many situations) to\ninstitute laws to discourage immoral acts. In nature, there just isn\u0026rsquo;t\nany police force.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome people think their dogs should be allowed to hunt - the assumption\nbeing that hunting is natural for the canine family and natural is\nsupposed to be good. What they don\u0026rsquo;t seem to take into account is that\ntheir dog may not have the foggiest idea how to hunt, that there may not\nbe sufficient or suitable prey, that the catch may be diseased or full\nof parasites, that hunting can be hazardous to the hunter sometimes\nresulting in serious injury, that hunting is a low-success proposition\n(wolves for instance average under 8% success rate).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor some reason, advocates of vegetarian diets point backwards to\nprimates, claiming that these are vegetarians and therefore humans\nshould be as well. This is a non sequitur to begin with: just because\ncertain apes are vegetarian, doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean that all primates are also\nvegetarian. A larger difficulty is that chimpanzees display not only\nnon-vegetarian dietary habits, but somewhat cannibalistic ones too:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;The gorilla, chimpanzee, and orangutan are generally considered to be\nstrict herbivores, although there is evidence that chimpanzees may hunt\nand eat termites and smaller monkeys (van Lawick-Goodall 1968).\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.beyondveg.com/billings-t/comp-anat/comp-anat-2b.shtml\"\u003eOther \u0026ldquo;Apes Are Vegetarians\u0026rdquo;\nClaims\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is nature, but if we base our existence on following nature, we may\nend up devouring each other!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA more amusing attack on this illogical line of reasoning was presented\nby my friend Sheepdog during a physics forum discussion ironically\nagainst a creationist trying to utilize the evolutionary chimps-eat-meat\nargument for his own purposes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLadies and Gentlemen,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI put it to you that it is not for vegetarians to justify our diet,\nbut it is for the meat eaters to justify meat eating. And I further\nput it to you that anyone who has a choice about his diet and chooses\nto eat meat can only justify it with reasons all of which fall into\none category, the \u0026ldquo;Because I want to screw like a chimp\u0026rdquo; category.\nLook:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Because I want to (and I want to screw like a chimp)\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Because it tastes good (and it feels good to screw like a chimp)\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Because my ancestors ate meat (and they were chimps and I want to\nscrew like a chimp)\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Because it\u0026rsquo;s natural (and chimps naturally screw a lot and I want to\nscrew like a chimp)\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd if someone insists that you tell them why you do not eat meat, it\nis enough to say, \u0026ldquo;Because I do NOT want to screw like a chimp. We can\ndo better than that.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA simple, clear, ethical choice. And therein lies the paradigm shift.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSheepdog\u0026rsquo;s post rocked the forum with an intensity comparable to the big\nbang.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnfortunately, some proponents of natural theory do run the argument in\nvery dishonest ways by doing a reverse application. They take a\nparticular practice and from it dictate what is natural. For instance,\nthey isolate behaviours such as stealing or bullying or even murdering\nand argue that since some people do greedy, unkind or vicious things, it\nis in their nature to be greedy, unkind and vicious. After that, it is\njust a small step to claim that people really are greedy, unkind and\nvicious. Philosopher Barrows Dunham wrote an entire book \u003cem\u003eMan against\nMyth\u003c/em\u003e to refute this sort of nonsense (\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tf/ycc/fallacies/list.html#sec-32\"\u003eFaulty Induction\nFallacy\u003c/a\u003e),\nbut you don\u0026rsquo;t need to read it to realize that there are plenty of people\nwhose actions resonate generosity, compassion and gentleness. Surely,\nthese behaviours have just as much merit as those unsavory ones the\nself-proclaimed \u0026rsquo;naturalists\u0026rsquo; are putting forth with their selective\nfilters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQuite often, the loudest voices that try to \u0026rsquo;naturalize\u0026rsquo; damaging,\nunproductive qualities do so in an attempt to justify their own\nbehaviors. Greed and selfishness are made into virtues by the corporate\nworld who maintain they are merely following the \u0026rsquo;natural\u0026rsquo; law of the\njungle or worse, Darwin\u0026rsquo;s survival of the fittest to give it a more\nscientific bent. This latter rationalization is especially unfortunate,\nsince Darwin never used it as a scientific description (the phrase was\nactually coined by Herbert Spencer). Unfortunately, \u0026ldquo;we must annihilate\u0026rdquo;\nhas become the war-cry of nationalistic pride and in its most extreme\nforms is used to justify genocide.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur rabbits live in a very unnatural setting. They have to put up with\nexisting in a space of about 300 sq ft (which is our bedroom) and endure\neating fresh organic veggies that cost $150/mo during the winter\nseason. They aren\u0026rsquo;t even allowed to go out on their own - they have to\nbe carried to an enclosed area near the compost where they play each\nwarm day with our veg cats for about an hour, under supervision of our\nveg dogs (who don\u0026rsquo;t seem to have the slightest interest in eating them,\nby the way).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome would protest this treatment most vociferously! Rabbits should be\nfree and in nature! They should be allow to play in the wind blown grass\nwith the wild hares, fight and injure each other over territory, and\nmultiply to their hearts\u0026rsquo; content so predators don\u0026rsquo;t deplete their\npopulation too drastically. We think not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhich leads us to the practice of spaying and neutering. Permanent\nprevention of reproduction is one of the most unnatural things that can\nbe inflicted on an individual. As my friend jeff on Veghaven says,\n\u0026ldquo;Detaching your dog\u0026rsquo;s balls or ovaries might deprive them of the\ngreatest joy in the world, and it\u0026rsquo;s not natural.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, responsible guardians ensure that the reproductive mechanisms\nare surgerically removed and not just to avoid progeny. Altered cats and\ndogs usually live longer and are in better health because their bodies\ndon\u0026rsquo;t have to deal with urges that are being prevented from fruition. It\nis very unnatural, but so is being a pet - a case in this instance of 2\n\u0026lsquo;wrongs\u0026rsquo; making a \u0026lsquo;right\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet us consider emergency medical treatments (please note that i am not\ntalking about medicine in any of its forms allopathy, homeopathy,\nnatureopathy etc). When one breaks a bone, the thing to do is to set it\nproperly. This is a very unnatural act and it certainly doesn\u0026rsquo;t happen\nin the wild. In fact, deer rescuers sometimes don\u0026rsquo;t even set the broken\nleg of injured deer simply because it is too stressful for the animals,\nwho do manage to live out their lives with a \u0026lsquo;weak\u0026rsquo; limb. However, one\nwould be hard-pressed to argue that we shouldn\u0026rsquo;t set broken bones and\njust let them heal on their own without interference. Several other\nemergencies fall under the same category suggesting that unnatural\nintervention in certain cases is quite a good thing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn example that is closer to the fruitarian communities are the\ncompletely unnatural fruits being consumed. First, early humans weren\u0026rsquo;t\nable to eat exclusively fruit because they lacked the convenience of\nsupermarkets. They ate what they could when they could and spent a large\npart of their time trying not to be eaten themselves. The man as hunter\nidea is a bit of a myth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey certainly didn\u0026rsquo;t eat cultivated, hybridized fruits or vegetables\nbecause these didn\u0026rsquo;t exist. There were no red rome, winesap, macintosh\napples for instance. Many of the myriads of hybrid creations were done\nby Luther Burbank in the latter half of the 1800s. Watermelons likely\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t exist since historically their appearence is noted around the\ntime of the ancient Egyptians. Durian has been known since only the past\n6 centuries and oranges likely for even a shorter period of time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo what is being eaten by fruitarians is not natural beyond the\nfrugivoric criteria that fruit is being eaten. Does this mean eating\nfruit isn\u0026rsquo;t good? The anecdotal results, at least, for say the 811\nsystem would indicate that it is very good indeed!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost would agree that civilization is probably the most unnatural\nproduct ever created. Should we simply decide that civilization is bad\nbecause it is unnatural? Some would certainly argue that civilization is\na bad epidemic on the planet and could produce ample evidence to justify\nthis assertion which is valid to some degree. However, one cannot deny\nthat much good has also come as a result of civilization, such as an\nattempt at societies where the strong don\u0026rsquo;t oppress the weak, where\nthose in need are not left to perish, where internal moral qualities\nsuch as honesty, sincerity, compassion and co- operation are encouraged\nand instilled in progeny. So it seems that again, it is not the\nunnaturalness that is the issue, but what one does with it. As Gandhi\nsaid when asked what he thought of western civilization, \u0026ldquo;I think it\nwould be a good idea\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"summary\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSummary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe various examples above demonstrate the pitfalls of the appeal to\nnature fallacy. Neither statement:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf natural, then it is good\u003cbr\u003e\nIf unnatural, then it is bad\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eis necessarily correct.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat seems to be of greater value is to weigh the actual merits of an\naction and evaluate its \u0026lsquo;goodness\u0026rsquo; or \u0026lsquo;badness\u0026rsquo; based on the\ncircumstances, the action itself as well as the results it is likely to\nproduce.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"executive-summary\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExecutive Summary \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#executive-summary\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome find this task of weighing merits daunting because they are\nunwilling to commit their mental facilities to notions of \u0026lsquo;goodness\u0026rsquo; or\n\u0026lsquo;badness\u0026rsquo;, as though such matters are always open for debate. There are\nothers who, for some reason, line themselves up exclusively on one side\nor another with sweeping generalizations such as \u0026rsquo;everything that\nhappens is good because nature is beautiful\u0026rsquo; or \u0026rsquo;everything we do is bad\nbecause we were born in sin\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne may never be able to determine if an event is good or bad, because\nwe really don\u0026rsquo;t know how the results will play out - causality is a\ntricky business. What is of significance though is how we conduct\nourselves, because here we can take responsibility. We do have an innate\nunderstanding of morality, numerous individuals throughout history to\nguide us, as well as inspiration from the highest of sources.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur conscience was not put there by accident.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePretty well all religions, in some form or another, use the \u0026lsquo;we are made\nin the image of god\u0026rsquo; line. I do not think this is done to promote\nanthropocentricity though the idea certainly has been abused for that\npurpose. Rather, I think it is intended as an evolutionary magnet which\nentices us to live to our potential.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGod being an ideal requires ideal characteristics. Therefore god has the\nwonderful qualities of compassion, kindness, dignity, courage, awareness\nand respect for the myriad of creations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we are indeed made in god\u0026rsquo;s image then surely our creator also\nblessed us with these same qualities. May be we should start living up\nto that image. It\u0026rsquo;s only natural.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Negative Preference Morality", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jacob/negative-preference-morality/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jacob/negative-preference-morality/", "authors": [ { "name": "Jacob" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe Golden Rule is the only moral principle that grounds itself in\nobjective observation. The primary three systems of normative ethics:\ndeontology, consequentialism, and virtue ethics, all share the common\nfailure to conclusively answer the question \u0026ldquo;Why should I care?\u0026rdquo; when\nthey make claims of how individuals ought to behave. The Golden Rule,\nhowever, does not even ask that we care about the principle at all, it\nsimply explains that when we act in a manner toward others that is\ninconsistent with how we would like to be treated, then we are being\nhypocritical and unfair. This replaces opinion with fact, so that the\ndesires of individuals cannot be held above it. However, the Golden Rule\ndoes have some loopholes that ought to be addressed in order to form a\nmore solid basis for morality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne common criticism of the Golden Rule is that it permits those with\nself- harming preferences, such as masochism and suicide, to commit harm\nto others. But this is only true if we take the Golden Rule to mean that\nwe should treat others with the same actions that we desire. But to say\nthat individual A deserves action X because individual B desires X is a\nnon sequitur, since if A does not desire X, then B is violating A\u0026rsquo;s\npreferences, which B would not want for himself. The criticism actually\nimplies its own solution: instead of treating others with the same\nactions we want to be treated with, we should instead uphold a respect\nfor others\u0026rsquo; preferences. By the very nature of a preference, everyone\nwants theirs to be treated well, since you cannot hold a preference that\nyou do not want to be fulfilled.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother important issue to cover is that of conflicting preferences.\nIdeally, everyone could satisfy all their preferences without infringing\nupon those of others, but there are some preferences (i.e. bigotry) that\nare violated simply by existing or by not sacrificing oneself for others\n(i.e. slavery). However, the only way to enforce such positive\npreferences (desires to be accommodated) is by violating the negative\npreferences (desires not to be invaded upon) of others. For example, a\nslave owner\u0026rsquo;s positive preference to keep slaves is unjustified, as it\nviolates the negative preferences of those who do not wish to be\nenslaved. The slave owner could then restate his desire as a negative\npreference: \u0026ldquo;I don\u0026rsquo;t want to have my slaves taken away from me\u0026rdquo;, but\nthis would just be rewording the initial statement. Once the enforcement\nof that preference is put into action, it becomes evident that it\u0026rsquo;s just\na positive preference in disguise, since the initial act of enslavement\nwas theirs. That aggressive act was driven by the positive preference \u0026ldquo;I\nwant to have slaves\u0026rdquo;, which could only be reworded as \u0026ldquo;I don\u0026rsquo;t want to\nnot have slaves\u0026rdquo;, which is a blatant double negative. Since the\nenforcement of a positive preference over a negative preference is in\nitself a violation of the Golden Rule, only negative preferences are\nmorally viable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen an individual violates the negative preferences of others unjustly,\nthey lose the right to have their own preferences protected to the same\ndegree that they committed a violation, as demanding righton for\nyourself when you break those of others is hypocritical and therefore\ninvalid. Since preferences cannot be measured, the amount of force we\ncan justifiably use to punish criminals for their actions is also\nindeterminable, and since excess punishment harms criminals worse than\nwhat their crimes deserve, we should keep force to the minimum necessary\nto make them stop and make amends for their actions. This way, the more\nthat a criminal threatens (verbally or otherwise) to repeat their\nactions and resist consequence, the more force we can rightfully use to\nmake them comply.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom these conclusions, we can now restate the Golden Rule as, \u0026ldquo;Do not\nviolate the valid negative preferences of others\u0026rdquo;. This can be expressed\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ein deontology as \u0026ldquo;We have a duty not to harm the preferences of\nothers\u0026rdquo;,\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ein consequentialism, \u0026ldquo;We ought to avoid outcomes that contradict\npreferences\u0026rdquo;,\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ein virtue ethics, \u0026ldquo;Those who respect preferences are of pure moral\ncharacter\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo depending on the individual circumstance (i.e. personal decisions\nversus social/organizational policy-making versus character assessment),\nwe may use this principle differently, but the underlying moral remains\nthe same.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "New", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/new/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/new/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI\u0026rsquo;m clearing out my life\u003cbr\u003e\nof baggage held so long\u003cbr\u003e\nno need for limitation\u003cbr\u003e\nthis makes me strong\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo need to talk about\u003cbr\u003e\nthe moment that is now\u003cbr\u003e\nplans or hopes or dreams\u003cbr\u003e\nwhy or when or how\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esilence says it all\u003cbr\u003e\nheart sings aloud\u003cbr\u003e\nGod is right here\u003cbr\u003e\nnot on some distant cloud\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eappearances can deceive\u003cbr\u003e\nbut all that I need\u003cbr\u003e\nis here in my heart\u003cbr\u003e\nand so I am freed\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf the dream of separation\u003cbr\u003e\nimagined complication\u003cbr\u003e\nall comes into focus\u003cbr\u003e\nthere is only elation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eexpansion of the soul\u003cbr\u003e\nopening of the heart\u003cbr\u003e\nawareness of the whole\u003cbr\u003e\nof which I am a part\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eno need for fear\u003cbr\u003e\nillusion has dissolved\u003cbr\u003e\nconcentrated energy\u003cbr\u003e\nchannels my resolve\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo be bold and brave\u003cbr\u003e\nto be right and true\u003cbr\u003e\nto never be afraid\u003cbr\u003e\nto step into the new\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "No Kill Shelter Debate", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/no-kill-shelter-debate/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/no-kill-shelter-debate/", "authors": [ { "name": "KG" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eNathan Winograd Hates Peta So Much He Loves Vivisectors and the Meat\nIndustry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmong the conflicts between animal righton and animal welfare is the\nissue of euthanasia.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNonhuman animals are killed by the millions in shelters every year.\nAlthough this is called mercy killing in some cases, or a necessary\nevil, the means of execution can be far removed from anyone\u0026rsquo;s concept of\ncompassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOften the \u0026ldquo;right to life\u0026rdquo; is not even considered applicable when it\ncomes to non humans, the main dispute is the method in which the killing\nis carried out and how to deal with the failure to apply proper care and\ndiligence in doing so.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis disagreement extends to the systemic exploitation of non humans in\nindustry, and in recent decades the traditional vegetarian philosophy of\nseeking to avoid unnecessary killing has competed for ground with a\nwelfare- oriented view that suggests the wrongs of the meat industry has\nless to do with whether one needs to eat meat at all but more to do with\nhow it is conducted.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Compassionate killing\u0026rdquo; is deemed the answer, not eliminating an\nunnecessary, unethical, and destructive dietary choice. Thus the\ndevelopment of \u0026ldquo;Happy meat\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;Humane farming\u0026rdquo; campaigns have resulted\nin an odd situation where some animal advocates advise people to\npurchase meat from small farms instead of going vegan and inadvertently\nhelp exploitation industries to score PR points for addressing auxiliary\ncruelties and injustices that they should have dealt with on their own\nif they were so interested in nonhuman welfare.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne may point a disapproving finger at Peter Singer, the so-called\nfather of Animal Rights by the uninformed media for encouraging this\nwelfarist perspective in recent decades. Many unnecessary disputes and\nconfusing debates have resulted because welfare ideology dominates,\noften aided surreptitiously by the exploitation industries themselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe main philosophical point in animal righton is the false belief in\nhuman superiority to other lifeforms, and this central issue is the\nbasis to counter all objections and construct the most logical,\npractical, common sense, and fair ethical policy for dealing with others\n(human and nonhuman). This has been repeatedly addressed in previous\narticles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe systemic mass killing in shelters of nonhuman animals, the victims\nof domestication, is a moral catastrophe, however it should be\ncriticized and dealt with by those who have sincere interest in\ncompassion and justice, not by those who use the issue for slandering\nanimal righton activism and supporting the exploitation industries that\ncreate and perpetuate the problem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe No Kill shelter movement as it may be called has been aggressive in\nattacking groups like Peta for what it alleges is a conspiracy of\ndeliberate and callous killing of non human animals who they suggest\ncould be housed alive indefinitely, using the donations the group\nreceives. Nathan Winograd is the poster boy for this movement and the\nmost vehement critic of Peta. He claims to be a vegan animal activist\nwho successfully converted shelters to a no kill policy, over the\nobjections of Peta.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis allegations must be regarded with derision for a few reasons.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;Peta hates animals\u0026rdquo; line of attack has been used by vivisectors and\nothers to divert from their exploitation practices for at least two\ndecades. If a vivisector is capable of torturing and maiming innocent\nlives one can surely expect them to be as willing to mutilate the truth\nfor their own agenda.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile a charity organization can become bureaucratically rigid,\nincompetent, or corrupt, Winograd\u0026rsquo;s worst allegations against Peta\nrequire that one believe their principle motivation is not sincere\nconcern for nonhumans, but making money while conducting torture and\nkilling in secret.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn other words being exactly like vivisection labs and the meat and\ndairy industry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegardless of whether or not a shelter could save an animal from death\nor works hard enough to prevent it from occurring, it is not the same\nmoral obscenity as a vivisection laboratory or cattle ranch that\ntortures and kills animals by design and intention.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt may be flattering that exploitation industry representatives assume\nthat animal righton activists are capable of moral perfection, but they\nmust contend with day to day reality and their own capacity for mistakes\nand misjudgment as human righton advocates do. Just as daily homicides\nand wars don\u0026rsquo;t mean we shouldn\u0026rsquo;t endeavor to manage and solve human\nrighton issues, accidental or negligent nonhuman animal deaths do not\njustify vivisection torture chambers and farms.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWinograd has claimed that there is no overpopulation epidemic and that\ngroups like Peta are deliberately and maliciously denying this truth for\nnefarious reasons. Thus he apparently has no venom for animal breeders\nand pet stores, and is so comfortable with vivisection and the meat and\ndairy industry that he does book interviews with the Center for Consumer\nFreedom, a propaganda front group for exploitation businesses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA so-called vegan animal activist who is more hostile towards an animal\nrighton charity than exploitation industry proponents is either stupid,\nmentally disturbed, or a liar - or a combination case, which as we know\nisn\u0026rsquo;t an uncommon personality profile among exploitation apologists.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlso, the term \u0026ldquo;No Kill\u0026rdquo; shelter is a misnomer, for either they will\neuthanize animals that they consider too sick or aggressive for\nadoption, or they turn them away which means the animals end up at\nanother shelter where they are killed. Just because they do not do the\nkilling themselves does not mean they do not make life or death\ndecisions for them. They pass on the problem. Or they are indiscriminate\nin who they give adoptable animals to, including vivisection labs. The\nNo Kill shelter faction cannot and should not deny the reality of error\nand abuse in their own solution to unwanted victims of domestication.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWinograd\u0026rsquo;s deception is further exposed by his failure to demand that\nbusinesses that service companion animal interests, such as pet stores\nand food conglomerates, help foot the bill to house these shelter\nanimals permanently. Only animal righton charities are expected to\nprovide money. Only animal righton charities are to blame. There is no\nproblem but the animal righton charity. A vivisector could not have said\nit any better.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWinograd and his corporate handlers use the shelter animals as fodder\nfor their propaganda games against animal righton activism. They do not\ncare what happens to the animals they are merely pawns in the effort to\ndiscredit the most visible groups in advocacy and distract from efforts\nto curb cruelty and injustice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut there is a silver lining in the existence of such a calculated and\nlong term strategy by exploitation industry PR apologists, for it shows\nclearly that no matter how well paid, they are not able to make\npersuasive arguments and must resort to lies and tricks to sway public\nopinion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is important to scrutinize and critique any large or small animal\ncharity when justified, but one must separate legitimate grievances from\ndishonest, childish, and pathetic distraction tactics by those who have\nno sincere interest in nonhuman righton or welfare.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: Some who claim to know him personally have characterized Winograd,\na former prosecutor and corporate lawyer, as an egomaniac. While it is\npossible, that would suggest that his claims are sincere. In weighing\nthe evidence one must decide between two conspiracy theories, either\nPeta hates nonhuman animals and seeks to destroy them any way they can\nwhile doing anti- vivisection and other campaigns as a ruse to draw in\nmoney, or, that Winograd the animal activist who does interviews with\npro-vivisection organizations and has no criticism of anyone but animal\ncharities, is actually funded by exploitation industries to push a\ndisinformation campaign as a PR distraction since they are unable to\ndefend their practices. One is more far-fetched than the other.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Nobody Is Vegan", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jon-fergus/nobody-is-vegan/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jon-fergus/nobody-is-vegan/", "authors": [ { "name": "Jon Fergus" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eIn regards to the \u0026ldquo;nobody\u0026rsquo;s vegan\u0026rdquo; idea, I\u0026rsquo;ll attempt to demonstrate why\nit is flawed in its essence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;nobody\u0026rsquo;s vegan\u0026rdquo; idea stems from the delusion that there is ever an\nabsolute manifestation of anything within a universe constructed on a\nfoundation of relativity combined with the delusion that it is those\nabsolute\u0026rsquo;s we are talking about when we identify something with a label.\nNo absolute ideal is ever fully, 100%, completely manifest. All\nmanifstation is a construction of degrees, of spectrum. Just as there is\nno absolute light, nor absolute dark, so too is there no absolute\nmanifestation of anything within an essentially duality-based existence,\nand when we use the term \u0026rsquo;light\u0026rsquo; we do not mean absolute light, but\ninstead we mean some level of light beyond a minimum marker on the\nspectrum of light to dark.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we liken veganism to light and non-veganism to dark, we can see that\nwhile there is no absolute light or dark, there is a very apparent and\nobvious difference between light and dark, which we can easily identify.\nThere are also degrees of light and degrees of dark. Let those degrees,\nin the analogy, equal the degrees of practice of veganism or\nnon-veganism. Then we see the uselessness in saying that because\nabsolute light does not exist, noon-day light is no different or\nbrighter than dawn light.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, the very definition of \u0026ldquo;being vegan\u0026rdquo; is something that occurs within\nrelativity - it is both an ideal and a minimum requirement, defined as\nanything past a certain point on the spectrum of exploitation to non-\nexploitation (just as we label \u0026rsquo;light\u0026rsquo; as anything past a certain point\non the spectrum of dark to light).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe minimum requirement to be vegan is to no longer directly, actively,\nknowingly participating in the exploitation and imposed-suffering of\nsentient beings. Let this=X and let Y=disregard for any exploitation of\nsentient beings. Between these we have a spectrum (represented by\nvegetarianism in terms of dietary considerations, by animal welfare in\nterms of being\u0026rsquo;s rights, etc.). But as we see, there is no final or\nmaximum marker or final attainment of being vegan and the definition of\nvegan is not to be found at that imaginary absolute.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, being Vegan means to be living at or beyond that minimum requirement\nand to be ever striving to reach an ideal that is essentially\nunreachable, but always increasingly approachable. This idea is at the\ncore of non-violence, veganism and AR, and, imho, at the core of a life\nwell lived. We identify the ideals we wish to live, and then we spend\nour lives approaching but never fully reaching those ideals (and thus\nhumanity as a whole can follow the same progress). Along the journey we\npass definite markers (the \u0026ldquo;knots on an endless string\u0026rdquo; of eastern\ntraditions). And this is also, imho, the greatest gift of life -\ninfinite perfectibility.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThus, \u0026ldquo;nobody\u0026rsquo;s vegan\u0026rdquo; is based on an incorrect notion of the existence\nof absolutes within manifestation and/or a mistaken notion of what is\nmeant by the marker \u0026lsquo;vegan\u0026rsquo;. The only way the statement could be true is\nto say that \u0026ldquo;Nobody has reached the ideal represented by the term\nvegan\u0026rdquo;. And that is true, as it is true for every ideal within\nmanifestation. But many are living beyond that minimum marker - many\nhave passed that particular knot on the string.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is said that life is about the journey not the destination, but few\nreally question why this is. The answer is because there is no\ndestination. Veganism is such a journey.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Not a Spoonful of Sugar", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/not-a-spoonful-of-sugar/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/not-a-spoonful-of-sugar/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eGandhi\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;become the change you wish to see in the world\u0026rdquo; is\nunfortunately one of those horribly misapplied items that is circulated\nwith wild abandonment by some people who feel they\u0026rsquo;ve suddenly been\nstruck with enlightenment. The idea nevertheless is a good one provided\none understands what it really means and where the phrase really has\nrelevance. Below is one such instance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou may know the delightful story about the mother who went to Gandhi to\nget him to ask her boy to stop eating sweets (the kid wasn\u0026rsquo;t listening\nto her apparently and she figured she\u0026rsquo;d bring in the big guns!). Gandhi\nsaid he would but asked her to come back in 2 weeks. When she did, he\ntold the kid to stop eating sweets with some rationale for doing so.\nAwestruck by the great Mahatma, the boy readily agreed!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe mother was puzzled though and asked Gandhi why he didn\u0026rsquo;t just talk\nto her boy two weeks ago.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGandhi acknowledged with some embarrassment that he would have, but\nbefore he could legitimately ask another to do so, he first had to shake\nhis own \u0026lsquo;sugar habit\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf eating sugar sweets isn\u0026rsquo;t healthy, one shouldn\u0026rsquo;t do it. Gandhi\u0026rsquo;s\nconscience evidently came to his rescue since he had to face that little\nboy!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Ode to Pericles", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/ranjana/ode-to-pericles/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/ranjana/ode-to-pericles/", "authors": [ { "name": "Ranjana" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA poem about our first child!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow, little Pericles\u003cbr\u003e\nWon\u0026rsquo;t you come a bit closer, please?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd whisper softly in our ear\u003cbr\u003e\nThose sweet phrases we long to hear\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Baby\u0026rdquo;, \u0026quot; Hi\u0026quot;, and \u0026ldquo;Where are you?\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\nSurely that\u0026rsquo;s not all you can do!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOh yes, \u0026ldquo;Hi ho, Hi ho\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\nAs you rightly know\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIs our very favorite.\u003cbr\u003e\nWe listen, we moan, we savour it\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhenever you bless us with that tune\u003cbr\u003e\nSadly we wonder why you stop so soon.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut we know your wishes are supreme\u003cbr\u003e\nSo we merely wait until you deem\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt fit to begin your song again\u003cbr\u003e\nJoyously we listen and then\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou peck us with a perfunctory kiss\u003cbr\u003e\nAs a smokescreen so that we all will miss\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour devious trip to the plant\u003cbr\u003e\nWhich you desire though knowing you can\u0026rsquo;t\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQuite reach its lofty, perilous tip\u003cbr\u003e\nWithout considerable fortitude and hardship.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStill you embark on this onerous task\u003cbr\u003e\nWithout fear. However, of us you ask\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo leave in peace so that only you\u003cbr\u003e\nOn those green threads, can gleefully chew.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs you approach your destination\u003cbr\u003e\nYou are jolted by a terrible sensation -\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA large knobby hand grasping at your chest\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a most morbid, miserable, mutinous test\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf your patience and your good manners\u003cbr\u003e\nWhich you maintained, having waved banners\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf friendship to those now blocking your way.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u0026ldquo;Is this how they choose to repay\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose countless hours I devoted to them?\u003cbr\u003e\nDo they not realized I am a gem?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou query, thoroughly disgusted, out loud\u003cbr\u003e\nFaced with yet another \u0026ldquo;disallowed\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt seems Round One you have decidedly lost.\u003cbr\u003e\nYou feel it was worth whatever the cost.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving accepted some measure of defeat\u003cbr\u003e\nYou flop onto The Shoulder and begin to eat\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe fluff that appears on your scruffy collar.\u003cbr\u003e\nYou know this is safe, no one will holler.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe watch as you tire and puff into a ball\u003cbr\u003e\nClose your eyes, question the meaning of it all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor in the distance you can hear us squeal\u003cbr\u003e\nPericles, Pericles, our beloved cockatiel!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe notice your every move and feather\u003cbr\u003e\nThinking you dream of beautiful heather.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou smile inwardly at us, as you\u003cbr\u003e\nLie busily scheming for Round Two!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe shout our delight as you awaken\u003cbr\u003e\nThe deafening roar leaves you visibly shaken.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, you proceed with great dignity\u003cbr\u003e\nTowards the tempting bended knee\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn which you place a little deposit\u003cbr\u003e\nThen fly off, wondering why does it\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBother us so, this act of nature\u003cbr\u003e\nWhich only helps to maintain your stature.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we call you, as we climb upstairs\u003cbr\u003e\nYou promptly mount the head with less hairs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo reach the pinnacle of your success\u003cbr\u003e\nYou pause to obtain another caress.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes, we are falling right into your trap\u003cbr\u003e\nRound Two is underway in a snap!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs we appear to be dresser bound\u003cbr\u003e\nYou lean towards that mahogany mound\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShowing us that you truly wish\u003cbr\u003e\nTo walk on that little dish.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStrutting carefully, you hide your desire\u003cbr\u003e\nTo jump into the drawer quagmire.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePretending to ignore our acts\u003cbr\u003e\nYou are quickly adding up the facts\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf when you might merrily\u003cbr\u003e\nAttack those hairpins and broaches you see.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith lightning speed you flash into the pit\u003cbr\u003e\nIf only you could dapple in it\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs freely and heartily as you could choose.\u003cbr\u003e\nOh no! Not more terrible news!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDown swoops that dreaded hand.\u003cbr\u003e\nThis time you decide to take a stand.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou flap your beak, hiss with bluster\u003cbr\u003e\nAs fiercely as courage could muster\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSwerve and swoon with tremendous skill\u003cbr\u003e\nContinuing to maneuver until\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnfairly looms yet another hand\u003cbr\u003e\nWhich grapples mightily with the command\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf the post you had obtained.\u003cbr\u003e\nAlas, your energy finally waned,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou yield, completely, to circumstance\u003cbr\u003e\nBut, bearing no grudge, you begin to prance\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUpon The Shoulder you really love so.\u003cbr\u003e\nAll is forgotten as you again are aglow\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith curiosity, caring, and compassion.\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is the substance we try to fashion\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOurselves after, learning from you\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile you entertain on a running shoe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe beckon to you, missing you already.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour company, you see, is really a steady\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource of immeasurable pleasure to us\u003cbr\u003e\nThat\u0026rsquo;s why, Pericles, we create such a fuss.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour friendly, gentle, beguiling way\u003cbr\u003e\nHas found a place in our hearts to stay.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "One", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/one/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/one/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eEverything is made of one\u003cbr\u003e\nAll else is illusion\u003cbr\u003e\nIf you perceive separation\u003cbr\u003e\nYou will feel confusion\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is no point in resisting\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd trying to block things out\u003cbr\u003e\nJust open up to more\u003cbr\u003e\nThat is what life\u0026rsquo;s about\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNew experiences of the soul\u003cbr\u003e\nAnother piece revealed\u003cbr\u003e\nIs this never ending\u003cbr\u003e\nLove that God is sending?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReveal that problems don\u0026rsquo;t exist\u003cbr\u003e\nExcept in our perception\u003cbr\u003e\nSurrender thoughts to God\u003cbr\u003e\nFor effortless correction\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese roles are all pretend\u003cbr\u003e\nThis world is one big show\u003cbr\u003e\nWhat does it matter what we do\u003cbr\u003e\nOr where we choose to go?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYet each one of us is infinity\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a droplet of water\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a single molecule\u003cbr\u003e\nHeaven\u0026rsquo;s son and daughter\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is our duty to bring\u003cbr\u003e\nForth the gift of light\u003cbr\u003e\nAll the bells in heaven ring\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen we do what is right\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAngels sing and rejoice\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen love is our choice\u003cbr\u003e\nAll of creation dances as one\u003cbr\u003e\nIn kindness, beauty, joy and fun\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt all begins so simply\u003cbr\u003e\nThe divide is just mirrors\u003cbr\u003e\nAll aspects of the whole are\u003cbr\u003e\nA kaleidoscope that glimmers\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen I look at you\u003cbr\u003e\nI see me looking back\u003cbr\u003e\nYet everything is new\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd yet there is never lack\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach of us whole and complete\u003cbr\u003e\nYet individually unique\u003cbr\u003e\nA world created when we meet\u003cbr\u003e\nUnion we do seek\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAspects of God\u003cbr\u003e\nYet all the same\u003cbr\u003e\nLet\u0026rsquo;s play the game of life\u003cbr\u003e\nNow we know our name\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou hold the paintbrush in your hand\u003cbr\u003e\nYour choices sweep the brush\u003cbr\u003e\nLet them come from truth\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd your painting will be lush\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll the stars shine brightly\u003cbr\u003e\nBack from afar\u003cbr\u003e\nThe colours you reflect to them\u003cbr\u003e\nThe truth of who you are\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet heaven\u0026rsquo;s light shine through\u003cbr\u003e\nThe divine channel that is you\u003cbr\u003e\nDo what it is you love to do\u003cbr\u003e\nLive every day pure, real and true\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "P Equals M C Snared", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/p-equals-m-c-snared/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/p-equals-m-c-snared/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis work came about as a result of having to defend two venomous\nonslaughts on the nobility of physics. Unfortunately, certain people\ndon\u0026rsquo;t seem to realize the universality of this simple truth - physics is\neverything! The word physics means the knowledge of nature and nature is\nall encompassing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose engaged in other disciplines have a great deal of difficulty\nappreciating the immeasurable debt they owe to physics. They don\u0026rsquo;t seem\nto like it when they are told that their discipline is really physics,\nbut called by a different name. For instance, math is just numerical\nphysics, chemistry only wet physics, biology but living physics, history\nmerely old physics, languages necessarily talkative physics and\npsychology purely thoughtless physics. The list can go on and on.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose unable to accept such truths generally put forth bravado posturing\ninitially, invariably succumbing in short order to the inevitable. It\nis, however, worth relating the parrying of the two most blatant attacks\never.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first was \u003cstrong\u003eThe Chemical A Salt\u003c/strong\u003e which claimed that chemistry\npreceded physics. The second was \u003cstrong\u003eThe BigMath Attack\u003c/strong\u003e which insisted\nthat physics was a part of mathematics. Their subsequent and necessary\nannihilations were brought about by a close examination of the role\nphysics played over the centuries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs you read the following, you will see certain phrases are\n\u003cem\u003eitalicized\u003c/em\u003e. We recommend you pay particularly pensive ponderation to\nthese, simply because they \u003cem\u003eare\u003c/em\u003e italicized. Finally, you should have\nlittle trouble figuring out what the letters in the title stand for. Let\nus begin.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-chemical-a-salt\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Chemical A Salt \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-chemical-a-salt\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Confused conundrums by crass chemists)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe perpe \u003cem\u003etraitor\u003c/em\u003e of this attack insisted that chemistry came before\nphysics via alchemy - and wanted me to look it up if I didn\u0026rsquo;t believe\nhim. So being a fair individual, I went to Google and typed up \u0026ldquo;did\nchemistry come before physics via alchemy\u0026rdquo;. Not surprisingly there were\nno documents at all making it highly likely that either the answer is\nnegative or that some sinister being had deleted all pages supporting\nthe statement (a very implausible idea considering the security the\ninternet offers). I have tried to look it up so my conscience is clear\nand can now proceed to tell the real story.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is true that alchemy was the predecessor of chemistry. It is also\ntrue that it was an early science. Though most references will tell you\nit started around the 1400s or so, its roots were probably much older\nand appeared in many different countries too. For example, Indian\nalchemists existed in the 7th century and the Chinese alchemist Ge Hong\nlived in the 4th century.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBe that as it may, what I will tell you is how alchemy \u003cem\u003etransmuted\u003c/em\u003e into\nchemistry with the help of physics. This will be a rather \u003cem\u003eoccidental\u003c/em\u003e\nversion of the story so please \u003cem\u003eorient\u003c/em\u003e yourselves accordingly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ancient Greek Empedocles (well he really hadn\u0026rsquo;t \u003cem\u003eaged\u003c/em\u003e that much)\nestablished in 430 BC four elements Earth, Air, Water and Fire. (This\nwas not the birth of chemistry just because the word element is used!)\nIt was believed that everything else was made from these though\nAristotle added a fifth element, Aether, which haunted humanity right\ninto the 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo the alchemists set to work trying to make gold (and some other stuff)\nprimarily because they thought they could get rich. Well! It wasn\u0026rsquo;t that\nsimple now was it? Things didn\u0026rsquo;t quite work out and so some tried\ndishonest things like creating impure mixtures and passing these off as\ngold. Fortunately, the brilliant physicist Archimedes foiled one of\nthese attempts while taking a bath. So elated was he that he ran out\ninto the streets where he met people who had not taken a bath and quite\njustifiably started shouting \u0026ldquo;eu \u003cem\u003ereek\u003c/em\u003e a\u0026rdquo; at them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnyway, as alchemy developed in later centuries, it was reasoned that\nany substance could be changed into another by merely combining things\nin the right proportion. Again the primary effort was to produce gold,\nbut in that unsuccessful attempt many other chemical elements were\nfound. Now, some unscrupulous alchemists tried to \u003cem\u003efool\u003c/em\u003e people into\nthinking that all that glitters was gold (whence \u003cem\u003efools gold\u003c/em\u003e ) and\ntheir profession fell into disrepute. So the remaining good ones, who\nsuddenly had all these other elements in hand, decided to change their\nname to chemists (removing anyone with the name of \u003cem\u003eAl\u003c/em\u003e lan or \u003cem\u003eAl\u003c/em\u003e bert\nfrom their ranks) and their science to che \u003cem\u003emistry\u003c/em\u003e (so that people\nwould think there was something mysterious about them).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the first of these new chemists was Robert Boyle, who in 1661\npublished a journal called The Sceptical Chymist, because he was\nsceptical about being a chemist (therefore the unusual spelling), since\nhe figured he should be a physicist due to his discovery of Boyle\u0026rsquo;s Law\nof Gases which of course had nothing to do with chemistry at the time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWithin a couple of centuries, the physicists had worked out some of the\nprinciples of atomic theory and so that gave the chemists something to\ndo with all the elements they kept on discovering. So the Italian\nchemist Avogadro created a large \u003cem\u003enumber\u003c/em\u003e that proved to be useful\n(though it irked the mathematicians who liked to keep numbers to\nthemselves - more on this later though) and Mendeleev was brought in\nfrom Russia \u003cem\u003eperiodically\u003c/em\u003e to help organize the elements onto a \u003cem\u003etable\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow the biggest problem the chemists faced though, was finding names for\nall these elements. Therefore, they started naming them after their own\ncountries scandium Sc and germanium Ge, after gases such as oxygen O and\nhydrogen H, and then just to confuse everyone they also did really weird\nthings like calling sodium Na and gold Au and mercury Hg!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere was still the problem of identifying further information about the\nelements such as atomic numbers, so several physicists such as Roentgen,\nBarkla, von Laue and the Braggs used xrays to help determine crystalline\nstructures. Characteristic xrays of atoms were later used to help pin\ndown the element to Mendeleev\u0026rsquo;s table by its atomic number. Thus,\nhydrogen was given the number 1, and helium the number 2 and so on.\nUnfortunately, the table had become so crowded that the chemists\nactually lost four elements, numbers 43, 61, 85 and 87. Some chemists\nlooked around and claimed they had found these elements, but since no\none else could find them (even under Mendeleev\u0026rsquo;s table), for a while,\nthey remained lost.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the chemists had come to the end of collecting and losing elements,\nphysics opened a whole new door for them - that of radioactive elements.\nMarie Sklodowska, a polish chemist, married Pierre Curie and became a\nphysicist and the two of them proceeded to discover radioactivity.\nRadioactive elements consist of large atoms (sometimes called \u003cem\u003efatoms\u003c/em\u003e )\nthat transmute or split into smaller elements. For example, uranium U\ncould break down into \u003cem\u003eura\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003enium\u003c/em\u003e , but it doesn\u0026rsquo;t because those\nelements don\u0026rsquo;t exist, so instead it breaks down into other elements that\ndo exist, because it was so fat to begin with. Those other elements wind\nup being something like Sr and Xe which have nothing to do with U, but\nthat\u0026rsquo;s because of the weird way they were all named in the first place,\nisn\u0026rsquo;t it!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, by looking in all the debris produced by some of these fatoms,\nchemists were able to find those lost elements which they promptly\nproceeded to name any way they felt like. The final element of the group\nto be discovered was not 87 by the way, because that would just be far\ntoo sensible a thing to do. Instead, they discovered 61 last and called\nit promethium after the Greek chemist Prometheus who had stolen fire for\nmankind. Well, they thought he was a chemist because of the fire thing\nsince chemists use fire in their bunsen burners, but really he was a\nphysicist because he invented astronomy. Some of you may recall that\nwhile he was mistaken for a chemist he got \u003cem\u003ecovalently\u003c/em\u003e stuck to a rock\nfor a while, but was eventually freed by the physicist Hercules who\nperformed 12 physical tasks all involving physics (occasionally called\n\u003cem\u003elabor\u003c/em\u003e s, because they were done in the \u003cem\u003elabor\u003c/em\u003e atory of the universe).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter the periodic table was filled up, the chemists tried looking for\nnew territory by starting quantum chemistry, but it was too late since\nthe physicists already had quantum physics. However, with typical\ngenerosity, the physicists shared a few nuclei with them because\notherwise much grant money would be taken back.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo there wraps up the development of chemistry from its alchemistic\nbeginnings. As you see, the physicists did eventually help realize the\nalchemists\u0026rsquo; dream of \u003cem\u003etransmuting\u003c/em\u003e elements, but not in the way they\nwanted, so they weren\u0026rsquo;t very happy and took to writing their stuff on\nwebpages instead.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-bigmath-attack\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe BigMath Attack \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-bigmath-attack\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Malicious manipulations by maniacal mathematicians)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Oxford dictionary defines mathematics as \u0026ldquo;abstract science which\ninvestigates deductively the conclusions implicit in the elementary\nconceptions of spatial and numerical relations\u0026rdquo;. We will not accept that\ndefinition partly because it is incomprehensible, but mostly since it\ndoes not permit the history of math to go back further than Thales 600\nBC (ref D Smith\u0026rsquo;s History of Mathematics p2). Naturally, this would end\nthe attack before it even starts since physics is much older than 600 BC\nand therefore, physics couldn\u0026rsquo;t possibly be a part of math as this\nparticular perpe \u003cem\u003etraitor\u003c/em\u003e insists.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo let us start much earlier when essentially there were only a few\nnumbers. 1 was one of them. After 1 there may have been 2. And\neverything else was termed many, because there wasn\u0026rsquo;t any need for other\nnumbers. Gradually though, the mathematicians wanted more. The\nphysicists who were watching this development for quite sometime did not\nobject them this desire - after all, they had the whole universe to play\nwith \\ but little did they know what was in store.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe mathematicians\u0026rsquo; overwhelming greed for numbers led to the\nacquisition of the whole numbers first because they were the most\n\u003cem\u003ehandy\u003c/em\u003e (and \u003cem\u003efootsy\u003c/em\u003e giving 20 to start with). A lot more were soon\nfound, but it wasn\u0026rsquo;t enough so the conquests continued in barbaric\nfashion as numbers were \u003cem\u003efractured\u003c/em\u003e into pieces to produce \u003cem\u003efractions\u003c/em\u003e\n(they were sometimes called \u003cem\u003edecimals\u003c/em\u003e because someone wanted to make a\n\u003cem\u003epoint\u003c/em\u003e ). How the poor fractions were able to remain \u003cem\u003erational\u003c/em\u003e through\nit all is a good question, but many decimals went totally \u003cem\u003eirrational\u003c/em\u003e\nas a result of what they witnessed. The numbers were undergoing a\nterrible ordeal and developed multiple personalities as a result of the\nstress - some became very \u003cem\u003enegative\u003c/em\u003e , for others the change was quite\n\u003cem\u003ecomplex\u003c/em\u003e. Fortunately, through \u003cem\u003ehindusight\u003c/em\u003e , the number zero appeared,\ntaking a leadership role and stabilized the system somewhat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe mathematicians\u0026rsquo; lust however was not satisfied. In fact, they became\nconcerned that they would soon run out of numbers (you see, infinity\njust was not enough for them) and began raiding the languages. First\nthey took an x and forced it to be anything they felt like, and then the\ny followed and more (the one good consequence of this aggression was\nthat algebra was born). If this wasn\u0026rsquo;t bad enough, they raided the Greek\nalphabet and stole an alpha, then a beta and anything else they could\nusurp. The noble physicists couldn\u0026rsquo;t just stand by and watch this mayhem\ntaking place so they kindly gave the mathematicians a useful place to\nput the letters. For instance, the d\u0026rsquo;s were often used for distance, and\nthe t\u0026rsquo;s were used for time, and F for force. However, due to\nconsiderable indecision amongst the mathematicians certain letters wound\nup in strange places - like p for momentum. Actually, it wasn\u0026rsquo;t a\nproblem initially because momentum was originally \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e momentum with the\n\u0026lsquo;silent p\u0026rsquo; as in \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e seudopod or \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e sychology, but the physicists\ndropped the \u0026lsquo;p\u0026rsquo; because they didn\u0026rsquo;t want to confuse everyone like the\npseudopodologists (who were a bit of an embarrassment to biology and had\nto often be \u003cem\u003eapodologized\u003c/em\u003e for) and the psychologists (who were a bit of\nan embarrassment to everything because they kept going \u003cem\u003epsycho\u003c/em\u003e ).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI really should also point out here that the biologists in particular\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t take too kindly to the dropping of the unnecessary p in\npmomentum, even though it wasn\u0026rsquo;t their field, and went around taunting\nthe physicists by name-calling (something biologists tend to do a lot)\nthem physi \u003cem\u003ecysts\u003c/em\u003e , physi \u003cem\u003ecysts\u003c/em\u003e rather immaturely stressing the\n\u0026lsquo;cysts\u0026rsquo; implying they were undesirable growths.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn any case, because the Greek alphabet had so been ravaged, the\nphysicists even went as far as creating a whole new field, high energy\nphysics, to help place some of those letters in the form of muons,\npions, lambdas, sigmas and \u003cem\u003eetceteras\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStill not satisfied, the mathematicians attacked the Roman system\noverworking certain letters excessively. For instance, consider the\nletter I - it was actually used 3 times III to represent the number 3!\nAs a result the Roman system was severely impacted and certain letters\nlike G, J, U, W, X, Y just disappeared. However, because they had a good\narmy they tried to get some of the letters back from the Greeks, but\nwith only moderate success: the Romans ran over \u003cem\u003eGreece\u003c/em\u003e and fell\n(understandably), but still managed to recover everything except the\nJ,U, and W. It really didn\u0026rsquo;t do much good though, because their\nmathematics never progressed too far beyond rudimentary \u003cem\u003emultiplication\u003c/em\u003e\nas a result of the number system that the mathematicians had mangled, so\nwhen the Visigoths descended upon them and started \u003cem\u003edividing\u003c/em\u003e up the\nRoman empire they really didn\u0026rsquo;t know what was happening at all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn fairness, I must state that not all mathematics was this violent.\nThere were many peaceful developments too. For example, the first\nmethods for counting sheep were developed by a Greek mathematician named\n\u003cem\u003eEwe\u003c/em\u003e clid. However, he realized just in time that this activity was\nmaking him drowsy and so went on to create the \u003cem\u003eaxes\u003c/em\u003e of geome \u003cem\u003etree\u003c/em\u003e\nwhich were subsequently used by woodcutters not warriors. As you\nprobably know, his techniques of counting sheep are still used by people\nsometimes before bedtime, but mostly during math classes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI won\u0026rsquo;t go into the many other instances where the physicists helped out\nthe mathematicians (such as how Newton had to invent the calculus,\nbecause the mathematicians just couldn\u0026rsquo;t be bothered to since they were\nbusy arguing about some triviality or other - geewiz, he even had to\nwrite the Principia Mathematica for them!) simply because they are too\nnumerous and I can\u0026rsquo;t remember them anyway.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"others\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOthers \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#others\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlease note that not all other fields reacted like the mathematicians.\nMost actually worked with the physicists to create wonderful sciences.\nFor instance, geologists who are of \u003cem\u003erock-solid\u003c/em\u003e character went on to\ncreate geophysics. The biologists (after that earlier bit of silliness)\nsaw the marvels of physics in life and created biophysics. Astronomers\nwho are \u003cem\u003estellar\u003c/em\u003e people created astrophysics. Even a group of\nphilosophers a long time ago, after they \u003cem\u003emet a\u003c/em\u003e physicist (can\u0026rsquo;t recall\nwhom) developed \u003cem\u003emeta\u003c/em\u003e physics. The list goes on and on.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo where did some people get the naive idea that math is the foundation\nof physics? I think it is because of the very poetic and beautiful\nstatement\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Mathematics is the language with which God has written the universe\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhich was made as a magnanimous gesture by the physicist Gallileo at the\nend of the famous Walt Disney film \u0026ldquo;Donald Duck in Mathemagic Land\u0026rdquo;. I\nknow this to be true, because I saw that excellent film many times.\nPerhaps you have seen it as well.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Paper Folding for the Practical Person", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/paper-folding-for-the-practical-person/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/paper-folding-for-the-practical-person/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe process of folding paper is a rewarding one since it provides an\nopportunity to exercise one\u0026rsquo;s creativity within strict outcomes.\nFurthermore, the finished product of this activity has various\nutilitarian applications as will be illustrated in the second part of\nthis article.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough many types of folding exist, we will restrict ourselves in this\ndocument to the class of bifolds. Future articles may be published which\ndeal with folding of greater complexities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"precision-paper-folding-demonstrated\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePrecision paper folding demonstrated \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#precision-paper-folding-demonstrated\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first step for the serious and conscientious folder to undertake is\nto acquire an assortment of folding tools and become familiar with them.\nOne may of course be tempted to purchase power folding equipment, but\nsuch mechanization invariably diminishes much of the joy from this\nactivity, the \u0026lsquo;hands-on\u0026rsquo; aspect having been removed. One doesn\u0026rsquo;t require\nmuch for manual folding as will be seen below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA most pragmatic tool to have is a flat table (though a grand piano will\nlikely do in a pinch).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pfttable.jpg\" alt=\"y-pfttable.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eA typical flat table.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo not try to fold paper with a non-flat table as these are not as\neffective nor are they particularly easy to come by. Flat tables are\noften found in your neighbor\u0026rsquo;s living quarters such as a kitchen or\ndining room. Usually with minimal coercion, this item can be relocated\nto your work area.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftpuzzled.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftpuzzled.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eNeighbor somewhat incredulous regarding table transport.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne specific advantage of effecting this course of action is that it may\nbe difficult for your neighbor to take the table back out in which case\nyou can emphasize that given the circumstances, you will not trouble\nhim/her a second time for the same item.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftirate.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftirate.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eNeighbor exhibiting possessively irate tendencies.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving gained access to a flat table, the next required item is a\nstandard physics book. If you were sufficiently negligent enough to\nseparate yourself from your physics book in the past, you can always\nturn to your helpful neighbor rather than going out to buy one, but be\nsure to do so before explaining the difficulties he/she may encounter in\ntrying to return the flat table to its previous location.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA final essential of course is to have material for these tools to work\non. In other words, you require paper to fold. Once again, your neighbor\nmay be able to supply you. Taking paper from your neighbor provides more\nthan the benefit of house-cleaning to him/her, because you never know\nwhat documents will be gratefully handed over, such as various\nidentifications, credit card statements, compromising correspondence\netc. Not only can paper folding be a relaxing pastime, this mere hobby\nmay eventually lead to entirely new career opportunities for you!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow you are set to proceed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst place the physics book on the flat table in the normal way a\nphysics book ought to be placed for you will need to do some preliminary\nreading.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftpb.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftpb.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003ePhysics book on table in normal position.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpen the physics book and find the table of contents which is usually\nnear the front of the book. Start reading through it till you come to\nthe Appendix listing which is usually inserted towards the end of the\ntable of contents. Do not go to the actual Appendix which will likely be\nat the other end of the book. Instead, turn the book 90 degrees (or Ļ€/2\nradians, if you prefer) clockwise. Note that the book\u0026rsquo;s right edge\nshould be parallel to the edge of the table.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftpbposop.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftpbposop.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003ePhysics book placed at Ļ€/2 radian orientation and opened.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePositioning yourself directly in front of the book, take your paper and\nplace it so that the leading edge is against the middle of the book.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftpbpaper.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftpbpaper.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003ePaper placed correctly in physics book.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen take the edge that is closest to you and line it up in the same\nfashion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftfold.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftfold.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eFolded paper in physics book.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNotice how conveniently the two edges line up with each other thanks to\nthe effect of a physics book!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarefully follow the paper back with your hands and crease the\ndeveloping fold with your thumb, unless you prefer to use an alternate\nfinger or some other part of your body.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftcrease.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftcrease.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eCreasing paper using digital appendage.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCreasing can become increasingly fatiguing upon the body part employed\nand so various mechanisms can be utilized to alleivate this dilemma. One\nof the most effective is to take your neighbor\u0026rsquo;s math book and while\nholding the paper down firmly in its semi-folded position, press the\nformer against the paper towards you thus forming the crease. Such a\nsystem is poetically appropos since physics often utilizes mathematical\nconcepts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftmath.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftmath.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eUtilization of math book to crease paper.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, if by unhappy chance you are unable to acquire a math book, as\na last resort you may use an unabridged dictionary, which is arguably\nsuitable since physics is required in the building of bridges.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftdict.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftdict.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eUnabridged dictionary creasing technique demonstrated.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can repeat this process a second time if you want a second fold and\ncontinue the action several times. Do not however try to exceed folding\na paper in half more than x times where x has been empirically shown to\nbe around 7 for all practical efforts regardless of the size of the\npaper (but up to \u003ca href=\"http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2005/12/21/1523497.htm?site%3Dscience/greatmomentsinscience\"\u003e12 in special\ncases\u003c/a\u003e\nas demonstrated by Britney Gallivan in 2001).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter each paper has been folded according to the specifications\nrequired, you can take a break by reading a chapter in either the\nphysics or math book and doing the odd-numbered problems. However, be\nsure to return to the end of the table of contents of the former when\nstarting on your next page.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"various-applications-for-folded-paper\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eVarious applications for folded paper \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#various-applications-for-folded-paper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow we list the many things you can do with folded paper. Each\nillustration is shown with a photograph captioned for clarity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftbroch.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftbroch.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eBrochure - very effective for advertising.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftfan.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftfan.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eFan - an honored, centuries old device.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftnote.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftnote.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003ePortable notepad which is easy to carry and write in.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftstat.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftstat.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eVersatile office organizer for stationery.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftmass.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftmass.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eEffective manual massage unit.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftcddvd.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftcddvd.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eHolder for cd/dvd - remove items with care.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pfthat.jpg\" alt=\"y-pfthat.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eMake shift hat - don\u0026rsquo;t wear in rain or wind.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftmous.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftmous.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eFake moustache - use only for halloween events.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftchew.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftchew.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eTemporary chew toy (do not try to substitute for dental floss).\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pfthorn.jpg\" alt=\"y-pfthorn.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eHorn covers to be used when needed.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pftweapon.jpg\" alt=\"y-pftweapon.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eMartial arts weapon - demonstration by G\u0026rsquo;ar Thso, Master of Kungfold Clan.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"markdown-figure\"\u003e\n \u003cimg src=\"y-pfttorch.jpg\" alt=\"y-pfttorch.jpg\"\u003e\n \u003cfigcaption\u003eMakeshift torch - handy for providing light or for the budding arsonist.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\n\u003c/figure\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Period Dramas", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:37:00-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/period-dramas/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/period-dramas/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI wonder why period dramas particularly appeal to women\u003cbr\u003e\nWhy some of us get flustered when we see Darcy swimmin\u0026rsquo;\u003cbr\u003e\nIs it the suits and dresses that the characters wear?\u003cbr\u003e\nOr perhaps it\u0026rsquo;s their manners and vocabulary flare\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe male and female roles often contrast each other\u0026rsquo;s\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd we are overjoyed when they finally are lovers\u003cbr\u003e\nIs it the lead up that gives us such a thrill\u003cbr\u003e\nOr does the first kiss provide the biggest chill?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe tend to romanticise these periods in time\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen things looked beautiful, stylised and sublime\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd it\u0026rsquo;s not always the gentleman who lure us into temptation\u003cbr\u003e\nSlang talking peasants can have us in delightful contemplation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you were Cathy would you choose Linton or the gipsy?\u003cbr\u003e\nSurely either path would require you to be tipsy\u003cbr\u003e\nHeathcliff\u0026rsquo;s wily ways or Edgar\u0026rsquo;s stiff oppression\u003cbr\u003e\nEither one of these would have me in depression\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith Heathcliff she has passion, longing and desire\u003cbr\u003e\nPlaying on the moors and embracing by the fire\u003cbr\u003e\nWith Edgar she has comfort, status, dining like a queen\u003cbr\u003e\nHe is well-spoken and his house is really clean\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen Heathcliff is too harsh in his wicked behaviour\u003cbr\u003e\nShe realises that no one can ever be his saviour\u003cbr\u003e\nSo she opts for Edgar who is charming and polite\u003cbr\u003e\nThen it\u0026rsquo;s weird when she gives Heathcliff an invite\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut when she gets ill, needs some air and sees that light\u003cbr\u003e\nAll she wants to do is go back to Wuthering Heights\u003cbr\u003e\nIn order to avoid the gloomy outcome of that tragedy\u003cbr\u003e\nI shout at the TV \u0026ldquo;Cathy, choose a different strategy!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI like the way that Kate Bush sings it in her song\u003cbr\u003e\nAbout the windy moors and how it all went wrong\u003cbr\u003e\nIs it a love story with a tragic twist\u003cbr\u003e\nOr about the revenge of a narcissist?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePride and Prejudice is the one in which it takes them ages\u003cbr\u003e\nBecause they have to go through a multitude of stages\u003cbr\u003e\nOf misconceptions about what one another is thinking\u003cbr\u003e\nCouldn\u0026rsquo;t they just have flirted and done a bit of winking?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMr Darcy comes across as mean, quite stern and cold\u003cbr\u003e\nHe likes Lizzy\u0026rsquo;s character and how she can be bold\u003cbr\u003e\nBut he stands around in his moody looking prance\u003cbr\u003e\nSo it\u0026rsquo;s awkward between them even when they dance\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever as she gets to see some more of the facts\u003cbr\u003e\nShe realises the gossip was spread by a load of prats\u003cbr\u003e\nThen she finds him cute and his silence appears charming\u003cbr\u003e\nBut she keeps it secret as she finds it so disarming\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe man who she once hated is now the one who she desires\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd all the crap and everything was merely due to liars\u003cbr\u003e\nEventually after all of that they finally share their feelings\u003cbr\u003e\nThen it ends abruptly and we don\u0026rsquo;t see any of their dealings\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExcept for their brief and simple double wedding scene\u003cbr\u003e\nSuch a visual anti-climax that unfolded on my screen\u003cbr\u003e\nI was expecting a massive church and to see their married life\u003cbr\u003e\nBut no point I guess cause romance is dead now that she\u0026rsquo;s his wife\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you were Jane Eyre what would you do\u003cbr\u003e\nIf Mr Rochester had hid his wife from you?\u003cbr\u003e\nAll that time he had her locked up in the tower\u003cbr\u003e\nWhich would only make her crazier hour after hour\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA famous scene is when he asks Jane to marry him\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd she wonders if he is for real or acting on a whim\u003cbr\u003e\nIn disbelief that Rochester would propose to his maid\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd probably wondering if she would still get paid\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis dramatic declaration made me go all funny\u003cbr\u003e\nAll soft and fuzzy in my tummy like a fluffy bunny\u003cbr\u003e\nStill his temperament is slightly grumpy for my liking\u003cbr\u003e\nIf I lived with him I\u0026rsquo;d need to do a lot of hiking\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt one point they endured a prolonged separation\u003cbr\u003e\nThen when they reunite we feel such elation\u003cbr\u003e\nRochester was in a fire and now he\u0026rsquo;s partially blind\u003cbr\u003e\nBut because he\u0026rsquo;s got Jane back he really doesn\u0026rsquo;t mind\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJane has got her independence now that she has money\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd likes to emasculate him because she thinks it\u0026rsquo;s funny\u003cbr\u003e\nI guess that this was her attempt at becoming his equal\u003cbr\u003e\nMaybe she would beat him up if they made a sequel\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhy do some of us seem to like these characters\u003cbr\u003e\nWho have dark secrets and lots of dodgy factors?\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen quite clearly the oppression is not appealing\u003cbr\u003e\nDo we need psychological healing?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne aspect which seems to be a factor that is prominent\u003cbr\u003e\nIs the appeal to many women of a man who is quite dominant\u003cbr\u003e\nAfter much analysis I have come to a conclusion\u003cbr\u003e\nThat really it is all just a bit of an illusion\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSmoke and mirrors create this convincing charade\u003cbr\u003e\nBecause our gender roles are merely a faƧade\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s not really about romance or marriage whatsoever\u003cbr\u003e\nFairy-tales or babies or shacking up together\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo what has it to do with being woman and man?\u003cbr\u003e\nIt all seems to be a part of the great plan\u003cbr\u003e\nIn shards of glass my mirror seems broken and un-whole\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen I am merely stuck within my female role\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWho am I as I go beyond life\u0026rsquo;s surface play\u003cbr\u003e\nLiving out these parts of me that I hid away?\u003cbr\u003e\nWhat do I discover and what do I see\u003cbr\u003e\nAs I unlock my treasure chest and throw away the key?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis poem is dedicated to Jenniferā€¦ friend, fairy, crystal whisperer,\u003cbr\u003e\nhealer.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Magnificent 7", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/magnificent-7/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/magnificent-7/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHere are 7 words to contemplate as you travel through your life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMotivation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMost people are waiting to be motivated. They hide, hoping that\nmotivation will seek. Being motivated before you act is an amusing game\nwe play with ourselves. Can you imagine life functioning on that\nprinciple? Does the young eagle wait to be motivated in order to fly?\nWas the newborn motivated just before birth? Do a thing because it needs\nto be done: motivation will follow the action!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCommitment\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nLife owes us nothing: we owe it everything. Therefore, squander yourself\nin any action you take. Apathy, indifference and self-doubt are killers\nof commitment and will ruin your resolve: \u0026lsquo;one who hesitates is lost\u0026rsquo;.\nBecome whatever you do. Commitment is life itself!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePersistence\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe determined spirit cannot be chained, cannot be broken and cannot be\nconquered. Persistence defies failure at every turn. Persistence wears\ndown demons and causes courage to smile. Persistence is dedication,\ndetermination and lots of hard work. Indeed, it was persistence that\nformed the universe!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCreation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIs there really nothing new under the sun? Why everything that we do is\nnew under the sun. Each moment is unique and each action is an addition\nin the history book of existence. Therefore, don\u0026rsquo;t say I\u0026rsquo;m doing the\nbest I can. Rather, do the best that can be done!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnthusiasm\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWe hear it in the voices of the birds as they sing in each new day. We\nsee it in the play of children. There is nothing more uplifting or\ncontagious. Enthusiasm flows like water to cleanse away debris, leaving\nall in its wake bright and sparkling. It is life dancing in its own joy!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTime\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWe all have 24 hours in each day: here at last is true equality. What\nshould we do with this time, which is our life? Do we invest our time in\nactions that fulfill our purpose here? Live your time well, for it is\nall you can call your own!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFaith\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThere is hardship, injustice and unspeakable horror for so many.\nSometimes we may wonder if the sun even wants to shine upon us. We may\nshake our heads and keep asking why? But \u0026lsquo;why\u0026rsquo; only forms a quagmire for\nthe intellect to be trapped in. \u0026lsquo;Why\u0026rsquo; only delays us from doing. Trust\nonly what comes from deep within: this is the root of faith and is the\nessence of our very being. For you see, the sun will shine, again and\nagain. In fact, no amount of fearful darkness can put out the light of\neven one small candle. Through faith, heroism flourishes everywhere.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBe Magnificent!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Martial Arts and Animal Liberation", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jacob/martial-arts-and-animal-liberation/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jacob/martial-arts-and-animal-liberation/", "authors": [ { "name": "Jacob" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI think that there is a lot to be said in terms of how martial arts\nphilosophy applies to life in general, and in regards to the animal\nrighton movement it is especially pertinent and beneficial.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany martial arts, such as Okinawan Karate and Capoeira, were developed\nand practiced so that oppressed people would have a means of defending\nthemselves in lieu of access to arms.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOthers, such as Tanglang Quan and Aikido, were designed with the\nexplicit intention of giving a smaller or otherwise physically\ndisadvantaged combatant an advantage over larger and stronger\nadversaries, and even greater numbers of adversaries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe animal righton movement is currently in a position somewhat similar\nto both: there are no vast animal righton armies or police forces that\ncan enforce compassion for animals with overwhelming artillery, and the\nmovement itself represents a minuscule opponent going up against a much\ngreater enemy, which is of course the status quo of mass apathy,\nprejudice, and abuse toward animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLacking both firepower and numbers, the ostensible bleakness of our\nsituation may make our ends seem impossible, or at least horribly\ndistant. But this is only the case if we charge into our problems\nhead-on; with the strategic mind of a good martial artist, we can find\nand utilize opportunities to give us an advantage, no matter how\noutnumbered we may be.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"leverage-in-martial-arts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLeverage in Martial Arts \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#leverage-in-martial-arts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince each joint is a lever, and since each martial art requires\nmovement of the joints, leverage is a physical concept ubiquitous in the\nprinciples of all martial arts. However, one martial art that comes to\nmind that I have substantial experience in and exploits the concept of\nleverage extensively is Hapkido, a Korean martial art that is renowned\nfor its hellishly painful joint manipulation techniques (believe me, I\nknow).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ancient Greek scientist Archimedes famously said, \u0026ldquo;Give me a lever\nlong enough and a fulcrum on which to place it, and I shall move the\nworld.\u0026rdquo; While he may have been disappointed to find out that attempting\nsuch a thing would quickly see him killed in the vacuum of space, this\ndoes serve well to explain the magnitude to which even small forces can\nhave a great effect, provided that they find the right leverage with\nwhich to express their potential.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGetting to an advantageous point of leverage can be a challenge in\nitself, but it often proves to be a more worthwhile effort than\ncolliding force with force, especially when you simply don\u0026rsquo;t have the\nmass to overpower what you\u0026rsquo;re colliding with.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHapkido means \u0026ldquo;the way of coordinating energy\u0026rdquo;, which can be done by\nintercepting the energy of an opponent\u0026rsquo;s attack and then redirecting\nthat momentum in a way that is disadvantageous for them, or by\ninitiating an attack that manipulates their body into a position where\nyou can exert an extraordinary degree of stress on their joints with\nonly the slightest of effort.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClearly, if we can extrapolate these tactics from Hapkido and apply them\nto animal righton, we can then bolster the effectiveness of our efforts\nconsiderably.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne very effective avenue for animal righton, that I think could be\nutilized much more, is lobbying. There are some instances in which\nsomething as simple as being friendly to a singular, tie-breaking\nlegislator can determine decades worth of large-scale legal\nramifications for animal righton.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a very strong example of both utilizing leverage to supersede a\nproblem greater than yourself, as well as redirecting the momentum of a\npowerful force to gain an advantage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"soft-vs-hard-attacks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSoft vs Hard Attacks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#soft-vs-hard-attacks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother way in which we can utilize martial arts concepts, is the theory\nof meeting hard attacks with soft counters, and hitting soft spots\n(pressure points) with hard counterattacks, which is a strategy employed\nextensively in T\u0026rsquo;ai Chi Ch\u0026rsquo;uan. In martial arts, this could mean lightly\nparrying a straight punch, then using one\u0026rsquo;s spare hand to punch into the\narmpit that one\u0026rsquo;s opponent left exposed while extending out the straight\npunch.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we apply this to animal righton, we may find that the difficulty\nlies in finding an adequately analogous situation, as there are no\nliteral armpits to punch without the likelihood of subsequent\nincarceration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn order to identify an appropriate analogy, we must first be willing to\nreceive a hard attack from our opponents, such as a scathing criticism\nin a debate. This hard attack can then be made to look ridiculous by\nreceiving it with a calm and intelligible response, and when their\narguments inevitably reach a contradiction (i.e. humans deserve righton\nvs animals do not, minus any sort of logical justification for this [as\nof course there is none]), we can prey upon that weak spot with a\nscathing criticism of our own.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"facing-multiple-opponents\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFacing Multiple Opponents \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#facing-multiple-opponents\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are a few different routes we could take with this one. Leopard\nKung Fu deals with this by leaping from one attacker to the next to\nfocus on one opponent at a time, while Choy Li Fut uses multidirectional\nstrikes that hit various attackers simultaneously. If done well, both\nmethods are valid, effective, and certainly applicable to animal\nrighton.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are some who take a focused approach to animal righton, dedicating\nthemselves to a singular subset of the issue although they may attribute\nequal or even greater importance to other issues as well. On the polar\nopposite end of the spectrum, there are those who choose to tackle as\nmany animal righton and in fact social justice issues as they possibly\ncan.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth approaches have their pros and cons, and both types of people are\ncertainly necessary in our movement. We need those who are willing to\nlabor over a hyper-specific issue to see progress in the details, and\nthose people need colleagues who can maintain a full view of the big\npicture to keep our varying purposes unified.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut for most people a middle ground can be met, where we keep our minds\nopen to opportunities to do good whenever we can, while still staying\nmostly focused on a specific path.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen I have asked my martial arts instructor about strategies for\nfighting multiple opponents, he gave me the following advice\n(paraphrased): \u0026ldquo;It\u0026rsquo;s usually best to go for the toughest guy first,\nbecause then you can take out the biggest threat while you\u0026rsquo;re still\nfresh, and conserve your endurance for the less-dangerous opponents.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis typically makes sense, and it does help in animal righton to see\neven a minor victory in a big battle, since a minor victory can have\nsuch a widespread impact for the welfare of animals. After we hit the\nbig targets, working out the details becomes easier, since the core of\nthe beast has been vanquished and the opposition\u0026rsquo;s morale suffers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlthough there was one exception to this strategy that he recommended\n(this time, not paraphrasing): \u0026ldquo;Sometimes it helps to beat the crap out\nof the weakest guy first, because then you can use him as a body shield\nagainst all the other guys.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is totally valid as well. For example, killing animals for fur is\nbecoming more widely accepted as passĆ© these days, you really have to be\na jerk to go out of your way and waste money on making sure that your\nclothing suffered a horrible death. Although the fur trade is alive,\nwell, and prosperous, in terms of mass public perception it is \u0026ldquo;the weak\nguy\u0026rdquo; in the multiple-attacker war against animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we can beat the crap out of that issue until hatred for the fur trade\nis ubiquitous, then when people try to go back and justify similar abuse\ni.e. leather, then we can refer them to their opposition to fur\n(metaphorically using a \u0026ldquo;body shield\u0026rdquo; out of the \u0026ldquo;guy we just beat the\ncrap out of\u0026rdquo;) and point out the contradiction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAgain, it\u0026rsquo;s nice that there are many people in the animal righton\nmovement, and many different types of people as well. So where the\nmartial arts analogy fails (which is the fact that we aren\u0026rsquo;t just one\nindividual combatant) is actually a great thing, since it allows for the\ndivision of labor and the employment of multiple effective strategies at\nonce.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"conclusion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConclusion \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#conclusion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen one embarks on the journey of fighting for the righton of animals,\nit\u0026rsquo;s wise to use some outside-the-box thinking so that the problems we\nface never feel insurmountable, just sometimes challenging to hit the\nright pressure points. As I\u0026rsquo;ve demonstrated, martial arts have a lot to\nteach us here, and even if you yourself do not practice a combative\ndiscipline, you can still borrow the same concepts to amplify your\neffectiveness as an animal righton proponent.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Martial Arts Diversity and Animal Rights Strategy", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jacob/martial-arts-diversity-and-animal-rights-strategy/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jacob/martial-arts-diversity-and-animal-rights-strategy/", "authors": [ { "name": "Jacob" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAs a martial artist, I used to wonder if there was one ultimate way to\nfocus one\u0026rsquo;s combat skills, if a style could be developed that took out\nall the stylistic frills and utilized scientific principles to form a\nperfect combat system. My reasoning was, if most human bodies are\nessentially the same, surely there\u0026rsquo;s one specific method of fighting\nthat\u0026rsquo;s superior, and the plethora of styles within martial arts are just\nculturally-influenced deviations from this hypothetical one-true-way.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is some degree to which the cultural and geographic background of\nmartial arts contribute to their variation for practical purposes. For\nexample, Capoeira was developed in Brazil by slaves as a rhythmic dance\nto disguise its combative purpose (since such practice was forbidden for\nobvious reasons), and its development helped contribute to a successful\nslave rebellion. In the Phillipines, the various forms of its native\nmartial art of Eskrima differ from one island of origin to the next\ndepending on the landscape, since some terrain requires higher or lower\nstances for stability purposes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut the truth is that martial arts are arts for a reason. No \u0026ldquo;martial\nscience\u0026rdquo; can ever be fully developed for the simple reason that combat\ncontains so many potential variables in circumstance that no one\nsingular way could ever account for all possible conflict scenarios. The\nevolution of martial arts thrives on its own diversity and differences\nin order to account for an infinite variety of situations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the application of any martial technique, one item of particular\nimportance is the ability to catch one\u0026rsquo;s opponent off-guard, and to\navoid being caught off-guard oneself, since most any attack that can be\npredicted can be quite easily defended against. Accomplishing this\ncombination of spontaneity and preparedness is something that may\nrequire more than one approach, since if one\u0026rsquo;s opponent is familiar with\none\u0026rsquo;s martial style, they are much less likely to be taken by the\nelement of surprise. So while it can be beneficial to dedicate oneself\nto developing a specific set of skills, for those opponents who have\ndeveloped an immunity to one\u0026rsquo;s tactics, it may become necessary to\neither develop a new skill set or recruit the assistance of someone who\nalready has in order to defeat them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are some instances in which a showy, visual art like Capoeira can\nbe impractical, but there are also cases where its exotic movements can\ncatch people off-guard to great effect. Sometimes the receptiveness of\nAikido can be beneficial for containing an attacker while minimizing\ndamage, while at other times initiating the attack with an overwhelming\noffense, as is done in Tiger Kung Fu, can prove more effective.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is where is the parallels between martial arts theory and animal\nrighton activism come into play, as they often do. In the AR movement,\nthere are those who claim that anything but demanding total abolition of\nanimal abuse is treachery to the cause, while others insist that\nabolition is too distant a goal to even start fighting for yet. There\nare those who feel that a compassionate, caring approach and living by\npositive example is the only way to sway the masses toward a vegan\nlifestyle, while others feel that it\u0026rsquo;s necessary that we confront and\nchallenge as many people as we can with great fervor until they get the\npoint.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYet all of these people share the same ultimate goal, that of animal\nliberation, and despite the infighting amongst them as to which approach\nis superior, different circumstances will inevitably necessitate varying\napproaches, and in the instances where one method fails to succeed, the\nothers ought to follow up immediately to hit the issue from a different\nangle until any combination of strategies manages to succeed. In this\nway, animal righton activists can work side-by-side, without necessarily\nworking hand-in-hand.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eValid comparisons to biological evolution and ecology and open-source\nsoftware development can be drawn here as well. In evolution, subspecies\nvariation provides additional bulletproofing for the species as a whole,\nhelping to ensure that the weakness of one specimen does not lead to the\ndownfall of all of them in the event of disease, scarcity, predators,\npollution, and so on. Biodiversity reinforces the likelihood of an\necosystem\u0026rsquo;s ability to thrive for similar reasons, offering a great\nrange of species within itself in order to prevent a macro-level\ncataclysm spiraling from the loss of one species, such as a key member\nof a particular food chain for example. In open-source software, a vast\nplethora of developers from a great variety of backgrounds contribute\nideas and modifications freely, working toward a common cause of\ncybernetic advancement through different methods to create an ocean of\never- improving opportunities for software users to choose from.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut simply because we rely on a diversity of approaches to accomplish\nour ends does not mean that we must always exhaust every possible\nstrategy available in every situation, as this would be far too great a\nwaste of resources. Despite the unpredictability of conflict, martial\narts can be methodical, and animal righton can as well. The general\nstrategy is simple: implement what you have practiced the most until it\nbecomes evident that that approach has fully used up its usefulness in\nthat situation, then switch to a different approach to catch the\nopposition off-guard. Once a weakness is discovered, drive the attack\nforward until victory is attained, or the opponent catches on, at which\npoint switch to yet another strategy and continue onward.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is easier said than done though, and requires great persistence as\nwell as creativity. If you\u0026rsquo;re creative enough (and with persistence you\ncan develop that skill too), you will find yourself innovating new\napproaches to surprise and overwhelm the opposition with. And when\nothers use approaches you\u0026rsquo;re not fond of, it is often best to leave them\nto it, provided they are not causing unnecessary harm in the process.\nShould their efforts fail, the results will urge them to stop, and the\nmovement will be able to grow from the future avoidance of such efforts.\nAnd should they succeed, as long as they are pushing for the benefit of\nthe animals, their efforts will become an example to emulate, as well as\nget us closer toward our final goal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs long as we keep driving on for the betterment of all animals, our\ndisagreements will not be a weakness of division, but a strength of\ndiversity.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Meditating Simply", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/meditating-simply/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/meditating-simply/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eMeditation is a real chance for you to connect with yourself. Most of us\ngo through life knowing the person we spend the most time with, the\nleast.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat meditation is happens to be a question that volumes have been\nwritten about. Anytime there is such a lot of discussion on an issue,\nyou can be sure that no one really knows the answer. That\u0026rsquo;s what is so\nnice about the Zen approach to it. Zen essentially says that it doesn\u0026rsquo;t\nmatter what we know, because we never really do (my son Kyron says, \u0026ldquo;No\none knows anything\u0026rdquo;). It\u0026rsquo;s not even important to get something out of\nmeditation. What is important, is just to practise it. In other words,\nmake \u0026rsquo;the journey, the destination'.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo how does one meditate. Well it really isn\u0026rsquo;t necessary to wrap oneself\nup in the shape of a pretzel. All you need to do is sit quietly with\ncalmness and empty your mind. Some may think that is impossible, because\nall kinds of thoughts keep running through one\u0026rsquo;s head. That\u0026rsquo;s okay\nprovided you don\u0026rsquo;t try to get rid of these thoughts - just let them fly\nand they will eventually find their way out. When we try to force them\nnot to come, they appear. Don\u0026rsquo;t believe me? Alright, so right now don\u0026rsquo;t\nthink of a monkey! See what I mean?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs you sit there with inner silence, you begin to appreciate just how\nbeautiful emptiness really is. We don\u0026rsquo;t meditate to get anything. In\nfact, if you were to do it for any ulterior motive, you may get what you\nwant, but you would spoil the meditation. Hence, the quote \u0026rsquo;no gain, no\npain\u0026rsquo;! Meditation itself is the gift - that priceless chance to be at\npeace with yourself.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Mental Diet", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/mental-diet/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/mental-diet/", "authors": [ { "name": "Big George" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eMany people talk about the benefits of different food diets. However we\nhave forgotten probably one of the most important diets to our health\nand that being a \u003cem\u003eMental Diet\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is not only important in what we put in our mouths but also equally\nimportant is what we put in our minds. As the saying goes \u0026lsquo;Garbage in\nand Garbage out\u0026rsquo;. In today\u0026rsquo;s society we have become accustomed to let a\nbox with a screen dominate our thoughts. Have you ever watched a\ncommercial several times then one day you will be walking along and for\nno reason at all you will start singing the commercials jingle and you\nwill wonder why? Well this is a form of programming. Programming can be\na powerful thing if used in the right way.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA mental diet like any thing in life needs to become habit. A habit is\nsomething that we do each and everyday to the point where it becomes\npart of our lives (programming). Of course there are good habits as well\nas bad habits. For example the habit of smoking, swearing, eating poor\nfoods would be considered bad habits where as the habits of being\ncourteous, going to exercise each day, eating more live foods are good\nhabits that we choose each day. I know each day we try to choose the\nright habit, but sometimes we don\u0026rsquo;t make those right choices. Of course\nthe best way to remove a bad habit is to replace it with a good one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne important \u003cu\u003eMental Vitamin\u003c/u\u003e I recommend in is taking one hour a\nday of your time to reading a book/report/web site that would provide\nyour mind with nourishment. This could be done at any time of the day or\nevening. Choose a subject or topic that really interests and inspires\nyou. By making this a habit, I assure you that it will enhance not only\nyour mind but your life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother \u003cu\u003eMental Vitamin\u003c/u\u003e I recommend is listening to audio\ncassettes rather than listening to the top 40 where the only ones that\nreally benefit are the artists who are selling their music. Instead make\nyour tape deck a \u003cu\u003eUniversity on Wheels\u003c/u\u003e. Think about it for a\nmoment for the amount of time spent commuting from work to home you\ncould now learn a new language, listen to inspirational speakers or\nbetter yet you can record your own voice and listen to positive sayings\nthat you have said about yourself. By doing this you literally can bring\nmusic to your ears for most people love to hear the sound of their own\nvoices. These are just a few examples of Mental Vitamins I take.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Mental Diet along with excellent fuel (food) and a spiritual life will\ntake you a long way in your journey Towards Freedom ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Middle East War", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/carmen/middle-east-war/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/carmen/middle-east-war/", "authors": [ { "name": "Carmen" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eUnless we want innocent people killed and terrorists bombing Canada, as\nhas been threatened, we need to do something.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePresident Bush is the next Hitler, and Prime Minister Harper is his\nsidekick. We are now at war, alongside the States, in the middle east.\nWhat is it about? It\u0026rsquo;s not about weapons of mass destruction, we should\nall know that by now. It\u0026rsquo;s about money. Oil.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe people leading our countries, if it has not occured to you, are not\nin the business to make our world a better place, but for their own\ngreed, which seems, is worsening the state of our world. Innocent\ncivilians in the middle east, and troops from the countries involving\nthemselves in the war, are dying.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn top of it, terrorists are angered by government\u0026rsquo;s stupid decisions,\nand thus, 9/11 happens, and the news is always predicting more.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen President Bush is confronted on Global Warming, he says that China\nis the second biggest contributer. The US is first. First comes first.\nHe needs to give his head a shake.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe way it is going, with poor political decisions, and voting in the\nwrong people, movies like The Day After Tomorrow won\u0026rsquo;t be far off. Much\nof the land will be covered in water, and the way the ocean currents go,\nthe Northern countries could end up covered in ice and facing a new ice\nage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI encourage you to see Al Gore\u0026rsquo;s documentary, An Inconvenient Truth,\nwhenever it comes out in your area. If you look it up, you can see a\npreview of it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, IF YOU REALLY CARE ABOUT OUR PLANET, take a second to pass this\ninformation on to your contacts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDON\u0026rsquo;T VOTE FOR THE WRONG PEOPLE.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWrite letters to the government in protest of what they are doing. Every\nopinion makes a difference. Each is significant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet yours be known.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur countries are beautiful, and let\u0026rsquo;s keep them that way. The first\npresident of the United States of America, George Washington, helped to\ngrant the gift of freedom. He cared. Does George Bush care about\nAmerica? Does Stephen Harper care about Canada? Do they care about any\nother country? No. It\u0026rsquo;s about themselves, sad to say.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Mist", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/mist/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/mist/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003e(Graphic courtesy of dreamatico.com)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003einto the mist a winged horse sings\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethrough the clouds music she brings\u003cbr\u003e\ngliding on rainbows high in the sky\u003cbr\u003e\nmysterious with grace she flies\u003cbr\u003e\ninto the mist she sings\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "My Brush With Municipal Politics", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/mort-milne/my-brush-with-municipal-politics/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/mort-milne/my-brush-with-municipal-politics/", "authors": [ { "name": "Mort Milne" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI have left out names to protect the innocent?ā€”or was that the guilty?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy initial introduction to municipal politics was the result of my\nfriendship with a former president of our local clay court tennis club.\nThis gentleman was very active, as a volunteer, on a number of community\ncommittees, including a regional committee on race relations. He\nsuggested that I should become more aware of the issues that faced our\ncommunity, including somewhat grandiose plans for the redevelopment of\nour surrounding area.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo this end, he suggested that we should attend an \u0026lsquo;All Candidates\nMeeting\u0026rsquo;, for the upcoming municipal elections. There were only two\nmajor candidates for the position of alderperson. One of these people\nwas a currently serving school trustee, while the other was a lawyer.\nThe school trustee was well versed in the issues facing our community,\npresenting a clear platform of objectives and answering related\nquestions with ease. The lawyer, on the other hand, was really not all\nthat cognizant of the issues, presenting a rather incoherent set of\nobjectives and stumbling with answers to related questions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo the surprise of both myself and my friend, some weeks later, the\nlawyer issued campaign literature which not only covered all of the\nmajor issues, but also stated positions on those issues which were in\nfact those that his opponent had stated at the earlier \u0026lsquo;All Candidates\nMeeting\u0026rsquo;!.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntrigued by this metamorphosis, my friend and I decided that we must\nattend the next \u0026lsquo;All Candidates Meeting\u0026rsquo;! To summarize our opinions, I\nwould say, at the first such meeting, the lawyer came across as what\nwould be best described as a \u0026lsquo;Stumblebum\u0026rsquo;. During the following meeting\nhe would be best described by the phrase \u0026lsquo;As polished as spit\u0026rsquo;! Needless\nto say, we left the second such meeting with a strong sense of\nincongruity in regards to the lawyer and his adopted platform!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot surprizingly, due to the the bulk of the general public\u0026rsquo;s apathetic\ninterest in the realities of the political system, this charlatin was\nelected to the position of alderperson more than once. (As an aside,\nthis same individual later ran afoul of the law and found himself both\ndisbarred and incarcerated!!!)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy next encounter with municipal politics came the following year. My\nfriend encouraged me to become a volunteer member of our local\nratepayers association executive committee. I spent the next two years\nattending meetings, soliciting members for the association and\ndistributing literature about impending issues facing our community.\nDuring that time we launched two legal actions to try to prevent some of\nthe aforementioned grandiose development plans from becoming a reality.\nMyself and the others on the ratepayers committee came away from that\ndistasteful experience with the realization that our province\u0026rsquo;s\ngoverning board for such issues was essentially \u0026lsquo;In the Pockets of the\nDevelopers\u0026rsquo;!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA few years later, I had my last \u0026lsquo;brush\u0026rsquo; with municipal politics. I was\nplaying tennis with an old friend and former hitchhiking companion. He\nhad been a former \u0026lsquo;campus radical\u0026rsquo; at one of our city\u0026rsquo;s universities and\nwas now serving as a school trustee for that city. He was also a member\nof a municipal political party with both provincial and federal\naffiliations. We began discussing municipal politics. My frustration\nwith the earlier experiences, detailed above, led me to suggest to him\nthat I had often given serious consideration to running for municipal\npolitical office. I told him that if I proceeded in this direction, I\nwould only do so if I myself became fully conversant with the issues\nfacing my constituents. I further indicated that I believed my role was\nnot to \u0026lsquo;Vote My Conscience\u0026rsquo; but to \u0026lsquo;Vote the Conscience of My\nConstituents\u0026rsquo;. This in turn would require that I would have to become an\n\u0026lsquo;Objective Information Broker\u0026rsquo;, presenting both all the available\nfactual information, as well as contending views on each current issue,\nincluding my own views. I would also have to develop a polling system in\norder to ascertain the consensus of my constituents on each issue.\nHaving vented my views and opinions, I thought the matter was closed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo my consternation, only a few days later, I received a phone call from\nthe municipal political party to whom my friend was a member. The\nspokesperson indicated that they had heard rumors that I might be\ninterested in running for municipal political office.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the course of the conversation, it became abundantly clear as to\nhow that charlatin lawyer had undergone such a metamorphosis. The\nspokesperson told me that they would like to bring me in for a number of\n\u0026lsquo;informative sessions\u0026rsquo;. During these \u0026lsquo;sessions\u0026rsquo;, their organization\nwould bring me up to date on all of the current issues facing \u0026lsquo;my\u0026rsquo;\nprospective constituents. They would also assist in the design and\ndistribution of \u0026lsquo;my\u0026rsquo; campaign literature. Finally, they would also\nassist me in developing and/or refining \u0026lsquo;my\u0026rsquo; skills in delivering\ncampaign speeches and answering questions at \u0026lsquo;All Candidate Meetings\u0026rsquo;. I\nrebutted the spokesperson by saying that I wanted to control all the\naspects of any campaign for political office that I might choose to\nlaunch. Their spokesperson then suggested that they would give me a few\ndays to consider their offer after which they would contact me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy nature, I am a researcher. During that interval between contacts with\nmy friend\u0026rsquo;s municipal political party, I made what I believe to be the\nmost \u0026lsquo;Politically Astute Decision\u0026rsquo; of my potential political career! I\ndecided to visit our municipal political offices and speak to the \u0026lsquo;Clerk\nof the Municipal Council\u0026rsquo;. Misguidedly, most of the general public have\nthe impression that the mayor or similar political officials know the\nnuances of legislative procedures when in fact it is this bureaucrat\u0026rsquo;s\nfunction to know all of the procedures. I told the clerk of my objective\nto \u0026lsquo;Vote the Conscience of My Constituents\u0026rsquo;. \u0026lsquo;Off the Record\u0026rsquo;, fearing\nfor his job, the clerk told me that if I simply voted the \u0026lsquo;Conscience of\nMy Constituents\u0026rsquo; on every issue and did not vote with my fellow\ncouncilors on some of their \u0026lsquo;Pet Issues\u0026rsquo;, they in turn would look for\nevery \u0026lsquo;Loophole\u0026rsquo; in the council\u0026rsquo;s legislative rules to prevent me from\never bringing any of my constituents\u0026rsquo; issues before the council,\neffectively rendering their issues meaningless!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes, Politics is a Game of Compromise. The problem is that the game is\nbeing played with PEOPLES LIVES and the people being compromised are NOT\nTHE POLITICIANS!!!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen my friend\u0026rsquo;s political party contacted me again, I essentially said\n\u0026lsquo;THANKS BUT NO THANKS!!!\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrior to these experiences I had a rather cynical view of politics and\npoliticians in general. It should come as no surprise that these\nexperiences only exacerbated that view. I have since developed my own\nsimplistic rating system for politicians, as shown below:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClearly, their is a need for change in our political system which would\nmake politicians much more accountable to the electorate and not merely\nat election time!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Narad to Nirvana", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:59-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/narad-to-nirvana/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/narad-to-nirvana/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThere is an ancient Hindu story about the messenger Narad who used to\ntravel between heaven and earth to maintain \u0026lsquo;communications\u0026rsquo; so to\nspeak. On one such trip to heaven, he happened to go past two yogis\npractising in an effort to prepare for Nirvana. Each asked Narad to find\nout how long he would have to wait.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo Narad checked out the situation for the yogis up in heaven and on his\nway back he dropped by to tell each their ETA.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo the first, he said you have two more lifetimes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe yogi was greatly pained.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Two more lifetimes? Two more lifetimes! It is so long, so tediously\nlong. I\u0026rsquo;ve worked so hard for twenty lifetimes already and now I must\nendure two more.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNarad left the yogi in his despondence for he would not be consoled by\nany means and headed over to the other one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;You have to wait forty lifetimes before going to heaven\u0026rdquo;, he told that\nyogi.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe yogi was elated!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Forty lifetimes! Only forty lifetimes before I see my Lord! I will work\nall that much harder now that I know there is so little time. I will\nmake myself worthy so my Lord will be pleased with the best I can give\nwith my next forty lives!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNarad said to him, \u0026ldquo;Just a second while I answer my cellphone for the\nLord is calling ā€¦ Hmmm, it seems that there has been a recent vacancy ā€¦\nand it ā€¦ looks like you can leave for Nirvana right now! Congrats!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(Ok Ok, I made the last part up, but it is sort of the way the story\nended anyway!)\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Importance of Improvement", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/importance-of-improvement/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/importance-of-improvement/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePeople sometimes get into a tizzy about whether to help others or help\nthemselves. There is no need to see the issue as an either-or.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"helping-oneself\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHelping oneself \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#helping-oneself\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes people think they themselves are the primary concern. The\nancient Greek story goes that Narcissus saw his own reflection in a pool\nof water and fell madly in love with himself, eventually meeting his\ndemise from this affliction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile such examples of morbid self-love do exist, most people don\u0026rsquo;t tend\nto follow in the flowersteps of Shelley\u0026rsquo;s narcissi from The Sensitive\nPlant:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen the pied wind-flowers and the tulip tall,\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd narcisssi, the fairest among them all,\u003cbr\u003e\nWho gaze on their eyes in the stream\u0026rsquo;s recess,\u003cbr\u003e\nTill they die of their own dear loveliness;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSelf-improvement should be a sensible and beneficial endeavour, but\nsometimes it deteriorates into selfishness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"helping-others\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHelping others \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#helping-others\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost people like to help those in need. There is likely some inherent\nbiological urge to do so, though sometimes people like to help others\nbecause they feel they will personally benefit from the effort: they may\nreceive gratitude or recognition. However, those are generally not the\nprimary reasons why people like to help others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsually, we help others because we see that some being needs assistance\nand afterwards, like the swallow in Oscar Wilde\u0026rsquo;s The Happy Prince, we\nmay feel all warm inside:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen the Swallow flew back to the Happy Prince, and told him what he had\ndone.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;It is curious,\u0026rdquo; he remarked, \u0026ldquo;but I feel quite warm now, although it is\nso cold.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;That is because you have done a good action,\u0026rdquo; said the Prince.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHelping others should also be a sensible and beneficial action, but\nsometimes it escalates into meaningless self-sacrifice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"becoming-the-change\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBecoming the change \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#becoming-the-change\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes an effort is made to combine the two ideas in sequence, with\nample doses of an often misunderstood Gandhi quotation:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Become the change you wish to see in the world\u0026rdquo; is unfortunately one of\nthose horribly misapplied items that is circulated with wild abandonment\nby some people who feel they\u0026rsquo;ve been literally struck with\nenlightenment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is an illustrative\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/prad/not-a-spoonful-of-sugar/\"\u003estory\u003c/a\u003e\nabout the mother who went to Gandhi to get him to ask her boy to stop\neating sweets. The kid wasn\u0026rsquo;t listening to her apparently and she\nfigured she\u0026rsquo;d bring in the big guns! Gandhi said he would speak to her\nson, but asked her to come back in 2 weeks with him. When she did, he\ntold the kid to stop eating sweets providing some rationale for doing\nso. Awestruck by the great Mahatma, the boy readily agreed!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe mother was puzzled and asked Gandhi why he didn\u0026rsquo;t just talk to her\nboy two weeks ago.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGandhi acknowledged with some embarrassment that he would have, but\nbefore he could legitimately ask another to do so, he first had to shake\nhis own \u0026lsquo;sugar habit\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat happens too often though is that people spend so much time on\nchanging themselves that they never get out to change anything else.\nThey feel they can\u0026rsquo;t do or say anything until they reach perfection\nthemselves! This process, however, could continue over several lifetimes\nand it is uncertain whether such procrastination has any pragmatic or\neven personal merit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eActivists should better themselves, so that they can do better. They\nshould acquire various skills communicative, technical, legal and\nacademic, for instance, depending upon the areas they plan to work in.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey need to be healthy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey need to develop self-discipline and inner strength so any\nbitterness towards the status quo they are fighting, doesn\u0026rsquo;t get\ndevastatingly re-applied to themselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey need to last and not burn out!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eView the situation as a sport where you are on a team and the bad guys\nare on another. If you want to win the game, you need to train hard and\ntake care of yourself. You don\u0026rsquo;t need to go around giving everyone your\nfood, your water or peptalks till 3am in the morning when you should be\ngetting your own sleep.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour efforts will do more as an example for them to follow, than your\n\u0026rsquo;noble sacrifices\u0026rsquo;, because by being better, you can compete better and\nbring along others to do the same. A stronger team means better\nperformance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis idea is neither selfish nor self-sacrificing, but it requires we\nnot fall into the sequential trap.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"simultanity-over-sequencing\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSimultanity over sequencing \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#simultanity-over-sequencing\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy bettering yourself, you can better others too!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe improvement doesn\u0026rsquo;t need to be done first followed by going out and\ndoing the job at hand. There need be no sequential aspect to the\nundertaking as some people try to force.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can become the change by making the change in the world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGandhi didn\u0026rsquo;t become the Mahatma and then go out to liberate India.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe became the Mahatma \u003cem\u003ebecause\u003c/em\u003e he went out to liberate India!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou don\u0026rsquo;t need to wait to be perfect before performing your task.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour perfection comes through your performance!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance, if you are a tennis player, you don\u0026rsquo;t spend years\nperfecting your serve, your ground strokes, your volley, then saunter\nout to demolish your opponent. You work on your strokes and you play\nyour matches.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour perfection comes through your performance!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are a musician, you don\u0026rsquo;t spend your life doing scales,\narpeggios, and musical exercises, finally going on stage to draw that\nstanding ovation. You develop your technique because of your concerts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour perfection comes through your performance!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose who stand up for the helpless and the voiceless didn\u0026rsquo;t sit in\nfront of some How To Construct An Argument book till they were \u0026lsquo;ready\u0026rsquo;\nto hit cyberspace or the lecture circuit. They earned their skills\nthrough study as well as through involvement in education and\nconfrontations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour perfection comes through your performance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you wait around to \u0026lsquo;save yourself\u0026rsquo; first, you may find there is\nnothing out there left for you to save.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou don\u0026rsquo;t have to have it all in order to give it your best!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGive what you can with what you\u0026rsquo;ve got.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo it meticulously and learn from the experience.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot only will you get better, so will your planet and the lot of those\nwho share it with you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy simultaneously working to be your best and giving that best to\nothers, you follow the rhythm of the strongest force in the universe:\nthe force of evolution.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIts flow is undeniable; its morality unquestionable; its persistence\nunshakable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEvolution provides the only path; there is no other.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is up to us to choose how to walk upon it.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "In the Shower", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/in-the-shower/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/in-the-shower/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWhy does showering make people sing?\u003cbr\u003e\nIs it a biological or habitual thing?\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen the water starts cascading down\u003cbr\u003e\nSome start to make all kinds of sounds!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGet thoroughly wet and lather the soap\u003cbr\u003e\nNo room for rubber ducky or a sailor\u0026rsquo;s boat\u003cbr\u003e\nJust a waterproof radio and a bottle or two\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd in the corner possibly some mildew\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA quick wash and go can refresh one nicely\u003cbr\u003e\nOr a long luxurious waterfall relaxes enticingly\u003cbr\u003e\nSome additional shaving may also take place\u003cbr\u003e\nOr an exotic salt scrub upon the body and face\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShowers are versatile in the uses that they have\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd they loyally await as you sit on the lav\u003cbr\u003e\nAmong some of the purposes that they serve\u003cbr\u003e\nIs to rejuvenate the weary or calm the nerves\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn cold weather they can warm us up real quick\u003cbr\u003e\nOr in hot weather they can cool us down a trick\u003cbr\u003e\nBut most of all they keep us clean, fresh and hygienic\u003cbr\u003e\nContributing greatly to our appearance being scenic!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Inspirations I Like", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/inspirations-i-like/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/inspirations-i-like/", "authors": [ { "name": "Big George" } ], "content_html": "\u003ch1 id=\"time\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTime \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#time\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImagine there is a bank which credits your account each morning with\n$86,400, carries over no balance from day to day, allows you to keep no\ncash balance, and every evening cancels whatever part of the amount you\nhad failed to use during the day. What would you do?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDraw out every cent, of course!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell, everyone has such a bank. Its name is TIME. Every morning, it\ncredits you with 86,400 seconds. Every night it writes off, as lost,\nwhatever of this you have failed to invest to good purpose.It carries\nover no balance. It\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach day it opens a new account for you. Each night it burns the records\nof the day. If you fail to use the day\u0026rsquo;s deposits, the loss is yours.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is no going back. There is no drawing against the \u0026ldquo;tomorrow\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou must live in the present on today\u0026rsquo;s deposits. Invest it so as to get\nfrom it the utmost in health, happiness and success!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe clock is running. Make the most of today.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo realize the value of ONE YEAR ask a student who has failed his exam.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo realize the value of ONE MONTH ask a mother who has given birth to a\npre- mature baby.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo realize the value of ONE WEEK ask an editor of a weekly newspaper.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo realize the value of ONE DAY Ask a daily wage laborer who has ten\nkids to feed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo realize the value of ONE HOUR Ask the lovers who are waiting to meet\nor . . .\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo realize the value of ONE MINUTE Ask a person who has missed the\ntrain.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo realize the value of ONE SECOND Ask a person who has survived an\naccident.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo realize the value of ONE MILLI-SECOND Ask the person who has won a\nsilver medal in Olympics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTreasure every moment that you have!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd treasure it more because you shared it with someone specialā€¦special\nenough to have your timeā€¦ and remember time waits for no one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"anyway\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eANYWAY \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#anyway\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeople are unreasonable, illogical and self-centered; Love them\nanyway.\u003cbr\u003e\nIf you do good, people will accuse you of selfish ulterior motives; Do\ngood anyway.\u003cbr\u003e\nIf you are successful, you\u0026rsquo;ll win false friends and true enemies;\nSucceed anyway.\u003cbr\u003e\nThe good you do today will be forgotten tomorrow; Do good anyway.\u003cbr\u003e\nHonesty and frankness will make you vulnerable; Be honest and frank\nanyway.\u003cbr\u003e\nPeople love underdogs, but follow only top dogs; Follow some underdog\nanyway.\u003cbr\u003e\nWhat you spend years building may be destroyed overnight; Build\nanyway.\u003cbr\u003e\nPeople really need help, but may attack you if you help them; Help\npeople anyway.\u003cbr\u003e\nGive the world the best that you have and you may get kicked in the\nteeth.\u003cbr\u003e\nGive the world the best you have anyway.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"life\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLIFE \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#life\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLife isn\u0026rsquo;t about keeping score.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s not about how many friends you have\u003cbr\u003e\nOr how accepted you are.\u003cbr\u003e\nNot about if you have plans this weekend or if you\u0026rsquo;re alone.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt isn\u0026rsquo;t about who you\u0026rsquo;re dating, who you used to date, how many\npeople\u003cbr\u003e\nyou\u0026rsquo;ve dated, or if you haven\u0026rsquo;t been with anyone at all.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt isn\u0026rsquo;t about who you have kissed,\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s not about sex.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt isn\u0026rsquo;t about who your family is or how much money they have\u003cbr\u003e\nOr what kind of car you drive.\u003cbr\u003e\nOr where you are sent to school.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s not about how beautiful or ugly you are.\u003cbr\u003e\nOr what clothes you wear, what shoes you have on, or what kind of music\nyou\u003cbr\u003e\nlisten to.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s not about if your hair is blonde, red, black, or brown\u003cbr\u003e\nOr if your skin is too light or too dark.\u003cbr\u003e\nNot about what grades you get, how smart you are, how smart everybody\nelse\u003cbr\u003e\nthinks you are, or how smart standardized tests say you are.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s not about what clubs you\u0026rsquo;re in or how good you are at \u0026ldquo;your\u0026rdquo;\nsport.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s not about representing your whole being on a piece of paper and\nseeing\u003cbr\u003e\nwho will \u0026ldquo;accept the written you.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"life-just-isnt\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLIFE JUST ISN\u0026rsquo;T \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#life-just-isnt\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut, life is about who you love and who you hurt.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s about who you make happy or unhappy purposefully.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s about keeping or betraying trust.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s about friendship, used as a sanctity or a weapon.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s about what you say and mean, maybe hurtful, maybe heartening.\u003cbr\u003e\nAbout starting rumors and contributing to petty gossip.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s about what judgments you pass and why. And who your judgments are\nspread\u003cbr\u003e\nto.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s about who you\u0026rsquo;ve ignored with full control and intention.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s about jealousy, fear, ignorance, and revenge.\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s about carrying inner hate and love, letting it grow, and spreading\nit.\u003cbr\u003e\nBut most of all, it\u0026rsquo;s about using your life to touch or poison other\npeople\u0026rsquo;s\u003cbr\u003e\nhearts in such a way that could have never occurred alone.\u003cbr\u003e\nOnly you choose the way those hearts are affected, and those choices are\nwhat\u003cbr\u003e\nlife\u0026rsquo;s all about.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-rules-for-being-human\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Rules For Being Human \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-rules-for-being-human\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou will receive a body. You may like it or hate it, but it will be\nyours for the entire period this time around.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou will learn lessons. You are enrolled in a full-time, informal\nschool called life. Each day in this school you will have the\nopportunity to learn lessons. You may like the lessons or think them\nirrelevant and stupid.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere are no mistakes, only lessons. Growth is a process of trial\nand error, experimentation. The \u0026ldquo;failed\u0026rdquo; experiments are as much a\npart of the process as the experiment that ultimately \u0026ldquo;works.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA lesson is repeated until it is learned. A lesson will be presented\nto you in various forms until you have learned it. When you have\nlearned it you can go on to the next lesson.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLearning lessons does not end. There is no part of life that does\nnot contain its lessons. If you are alive, there are lessons to be\nlearned.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026ldquo;There\u0026rdquo; is no better than \u0026ldquo;here.\u0026rdquo; When your \u0026ldquo;there\u0026rdquo; has become a\n\u0026ldquo;here,\u0026rdquo; you will simply obtain another \u0026ldquo;there\u0026rdquo; that will, again,\nlook better than \u0026ldquo;here.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOthers are merely mirrors of you. You cannot love or hate something\nabout another person unless it reflects to you something you love or\nhate about yourself.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhat you make of your life is up to you. You have all the tools and\nresources you need; what you do with them is up to you. The choice\nis yours.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe answers lie inside you. The answers to life\u0026rsquo;s questions lie\ninside you. All you need to do is look, listen, and trust.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYOU WILL FORGET ALL THIS.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e" }, { "title": "Into the Rainbow", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/into-the-rainbow/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/into-the-rainbow/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eInto the rainbow I fly\u003cbr\u003e\nBeautiful colours in the sky\u003cbr\u003e\nA portal to the unknown\u003cbr\u003e\nInfinite mysteries of the soul\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWaiting to be discovered\u003cbr\u003e\nTreasures to be uncovered\u003cbr\u003e\nI let go and am taken\u003cbr\u003e\nI surrender I awaken\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s not over the arch\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s not at the end\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s not the pot of gold\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s now it\u0026rsquo;s fresh\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarried on the breeze\u003cbr\u003e\nOf love\u0026rsquo;s free wings\u003cbr\u003e\nEntering the newness\u003cbr\u003e\nMy soul sings\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRiding the rainbow\u003cbr\u003e\nMy will is one\u003cbr\u003e\nWith all of creation\u003cbr\u003e\nThe whole spectrum\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Introverts and Extroverts", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/introverts-and-extroverts/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/introverts-and-extroverts/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI can only speak for myself as I describe it how I see\u003cbr\u003e\nBut I imagine that many will find a similarity\u003cbr\u003e\nThe meaning of introversion is often misconstrued\u003cbr\u003e\nSo try listening to a few before you conclude!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach of us has tendencies that are of both kinds\u003cbr\u003e\nIntroversion and extroversion in each of us combined\u003cbr\u003e\nEnergies that express themselves in many different ways\u003cbr\u003e\nYet are one and the same like the nights and days\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of us embody one more than another\u003cbr\u003e\nOthers are an equal concoction of both\u003cbr\u003e\nBut what is important is that we love our true-selves\u003cbr\u003e\nSo before we continue let us take this oath!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI promise to be true to myself\u003cbr\u003e\nNo matter what I face\u003cbr\u003e\nAs there is nothing more important\u003cbr\u003e\nThan love to the human race\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEverything in nature is created perfect, whole and complete\u003cbr\u003e\nThis includes who I am, what I love to do and how I love to be\u003cbr\u003e\nIn the fabric of creation there exists a single place\u003cbr\u003e\nThat is shaped exactly like me because I am ace!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs an introverted Scorpio I would like to share and note\u003cbr\u003e\nWhat drives me into hibernation and what floats my boat\u003cbr\u003e\nThen at the end of this poem a message awaits you as if the free oath\nwasn t\u003cbr\u003e\nenough already\u003cbr\u003e\nSo are you ready-steady?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRecently I discovered that my door bell had broked\u003cbr\u003e\nBut I left it as it was because I felt rather stoked\u003cbr\u003e\nThe peace of no disturbance was extremely pleasant\u003cbr\u003e\nThat is one recent example of my introverted essence\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI hang out in locations that are quiet and secluded\u003cbr\u003e\nI perch in strange places and act mysterious and illusive\u003cbr\u003e\nLibraries are a treasure trove and parks are my church\u003cbr\u003e\nIn old Celtic cemeteries I particularly like to lurk\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI prefer to share the company of one person at a time\u003cbr\u003e\nOr small gatherings of folk with similar interests to mine\u003cbr\u003e\nIn an ambient setting in which I can easily chill\u003cbr\u003e\nOr sharing fun activities for a playful thrill\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a restaurant I take shelter in a cove or corner\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd take special care over what I want to order\u003cbr\u003e\nI like to talk about philosophy and things that are deep\u003cbr\u003e\nLike astrology, dreams and astral travel during sleep\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes as well I make no sense whatsoever\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd would rather be silly than remotely clever\u003cbr\u003e\nI like to lose my mind and then find it once more\u003cbr\u003e\nOften even wondering what I need it for!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBuzzing places are not really my preference\u003cbr\u003e\nI will use the high street as my exemplary reference\u003cbr\u003e\nI will smile when, with forest they are wild and over grown\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd sales reps with clip boards leave me the \u003cstrong\u003e**\u003c/strong\u003e alone\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeither are nightclubs usually my scene\u003cbr\u003e\nI much prefer somewhere quiet and serene\u003cbr\u003e\nThough dancing is fun so on an extremely rare occasion\u003cbr\u003e\nThe music lures me in with a melodic persuasion\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe busy streets of London although an interesting maze\u003cbr\u003e\nAre too loud and polluted to spend many of my days\u003cbr\u003e\nTraffic, fumes, concrete and road works galore\u003cbr\u003e\nTraipsing through that jungle seems like a chore\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI prefer mooching around a quiet seaside town\u003cbr\u003e\nWith plenty of places where I can sit down\u003cbr\u003e\nOr a day in the forest climbing rocks and trees\u003cbr\u003e\nOutdoor activities fill me with eeeease\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are times when I am extroverted and come out of my shell\u003cbr\u003e\nTimes when I am loud and bold and even when I yell\u003cbr\u003e\nWhen something really matters and it is what s required\u003cbr\u003e\nOr when I feel fired up, excited and inspired!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy nature flows like water as the river finds it path\u003cbr\u003e\nNo structure can contain my rhythmic cries and laughs\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd no plan can capture what lies within my heart\u003cbr\u003e\nThe cycles take me in and I realise I am part\u003cbr\u003e\nOf something bigger than myself which I call living art\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI invite you to celebrate your qualities and quirks\u003cbr\u003e\nBecause to doing so there are many perks\u003cbr\u003e\nMaybe you could even write a list or poem too\u003cbr\u003e\nAbout what makes you different, unique what makes you you !\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd why not let us all have a sneaky peek?\u003cbr\u003e\nThen pass this message on to others who do seek\u003cbr\u003e\nSelf-love and acceptance of their character traits\u003cbr\u003e\nLet life be a feast, let s fill up our plates!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpread this message like a magic elf\u003cbr\u003e\nBut first start with your beautiful self!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(As if there are regular elves?)\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "It Takes a Community to Raise Our Children", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/ranjana/it-takes-a-community-to-raise-our-children/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/ranjana/it-takes-a-community-to-raise-our-children/", "authors": [ { "name": "Ranjana" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis is true for all our communities\u0026rsquo; children, regardless of species! A\nperfect example is the story of Cathy Page and a duck family.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCathy was driving home along the Trans Canada Hwy when she spotted a mother duck\nand her brood zig zagging between the barriers on the northbound side of\nthe highway. They were trapped and the mother was trying to lead her\nline of babies to safety.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCathy slowed down to see if she could help. Luckily, traffic was sparse\nallowing Cathy the time to observe and assess the situation. Soon a car\ncame up behind her and then tried to pass. When the driver saw the\nducks, she ,too, slowed down. The two cars formed an effective shield.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCathy rolled down her window and called out to this new found partner\nthat if they could give the ducks enough time there would be a break on\nthe right side barrier that the ducks could use to get off the highway.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe two women kept guard while traffic piled up behind them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCathy, noting the traffic and seeing that the ducks were not moving\ntowards the clearing told her partner she would stop and get out of her\ncar to usher the ducks off the highway. With her partner holding fort,\nCathy, arms outstretched, quietly escorted the mother duck and her\nbabies to the clearing where they happily ran into the grass, out of\nharms way.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs Cathy rushed back to her car, she saw the waiting drivers clapping.\nEveryone was pleased to have been part of this rescue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTraffic resumed and life became normal again. But Cathy was filled with\nthe joy of having helped this mother keep her children safe. Though the\nmoment was over, all the people involved, could keep the warm glow that\ncomes from contributing to the well-being of a vulnerable other.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd somewhere there is a mother duck whose children are safe because of\nthe support of a caring community.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Jewel in the Dust", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/jewel-in-the-dust/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/jewel-in-the-dust/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA man and his wife having lived into their old age chose to leave behind\ntheir worldly possessions and follow the path of spirituality. They\nlived in the cleanliness of poverty filling their days with praying\ninstead of preying.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs they had no longer had a home of their own, they walked the dirt\nroads with the same reverence as though these led to heaven itself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne day during such a walk, the man who had moved several yards ahead of\nhis wife saw a sparkling on the side of the road. As he moved closer to\nit, he realized that it was a beautiful jewel which had fallen from\nsomeone\u0026rsquo;s necklace possibly. Afraid that his wife would be tempted to\ncovet such a treasure, he casually walked to it and started trying to\nkick dirt over it, all the while looking back to make sure his wife\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t see what he was doing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell she did see the rather strange sight of her husband churning up a\nbit of a dust bowl at the side of the road ahead of her.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo she called out: \u0026ldquo;Husband, what is it you are doing?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe replied: \u0026ldquo;Nothing at all, my wife, I am doing nothing.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe said: \u0026ldquo;But you are all covered with dirt from the road, why is\nthat?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe said between coughs: \u0026ldquo;Well I walked into a soft part of the road and\nā€¦\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy now, she had caught up with him and he had run out of creative\nexplanations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;What are you doing?\u0026rdquo; she demanded.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo he had to tell her: \u0026ldquo;Wife, I saw this jewel on the road and feared\nthat you might be tempted into forsaking the spiritual path we have\nchosen to walk together. So that you would not see it, I was trying to\nhide the jewel with the dirt.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe looked him in the eye for a few moments with kindness. Then she\nsmiled.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen she asked gently: \u0026ldquo;My husband, how is it that you see a difference\nbetween the jewel and the dirt?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Jonathan Balcombe a Passionate Ethologist", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/alexandra/jonathan-balcombe-a-passionate-ethologist/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/alexandra/jonathan-balcombe-a-passionate-ethologist/", "authors": [ { "name": "Alexandra" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eFormer senior Research Scientist with the Physicians Committee for\nResponsible Medicine (PCRM), Jonathan Balcombe, born in England and\nraised in New Zealand and Canada, currently presides in the United\nStates and is Chair of the Animal Studies Department at Humane Society\nUniversity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile Dr. Balcombe holds three biology degrees total, he specializes\nin the study of animal behavior, or ethology, and has a PhD in this\narea of study. As a leading animal behavior researcher, Balcombe, who\nis also an accomplished author and public speaker, is an animal-rights\nactivist and chooses a plant-based, vegan diet. But his compassion for\nanimals soars higher than his dietary choices; he centers his career\non the ethical and fair treatment of all living things. Seeing and\nappreciating animals for the wide variety of notions and emotions that\nthey are fully capable of experiencing, he has dedicated many of his\nstudies to debunking the common human assumption that animals\u0026rsquo; lives\nare just a bleak \u0026ldquo;struggle for survival\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;It\u0026rsquo;s easy to come away with a sense that it\u0026rsquo;s a hard-struggled life out\nthere, but it\u0026rsquo;s a life worth living,\u0026rdquo; observes Dr. Balcombe. He has\nfound that many species share related physiologies and behavior patterns\nas humans, and are thus able to feel such emotions as pain, pleasure,\nand passion. In fact, in Balcombe\u0026rsquo;s book, Pleasurable Kingdom: Animals\nand the Nature of Feeling Good, he expresses how animals \u0026lsquo;have fun\u0026rsquo; by\ngetting intoxicated, delighting in play with each other, and even\nengaging in sexual activity for enjoyment rather than just reproductive\npurposes. Pleasure, he has found, compensates the behavior that allows\nanimals to subsist and reproduce. Dr. Balcombe has performed studies on\nother animal behaviors aside from their emotional aptitudes; he has also\ndug deep into the mental and intellectual capacity of animals, as\nexposed in his book Second Nature: The Inner Lives of Animals. This book\ncaptures animals\u0026rsquo; ability to think and reason, an idea that many\nscientists in the past were skeptic about, and reveals animals\u0026rsquo;\nperceptions, awareness, and social skills. Among these social skills,\nDr. Balcombe favors mutualisms - not the conflicts humans tend to think\nof, like predation or parasitism - but the \u0026ldquo;many forms of mutually\nbeneficial behaviors in animals\u0026rdquo;. Balcombe gives the example of flowers\nand fruit evolving to attract and reward animals who pollinate and\ndisperse their seeds.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat\u0026rsquo;s more, Dr. Balcombe firmly believes that animals have many lessons\nthat we humans can learn from. \u0026ldquo;I am an avid animal watcherā€¦ they teach\nme new things every time I watch them carefully and the more I\nunderstand the more there is to learn,\u0026rdquo; says Balcombe. For example, he\nhas observed starlings \u0026ldquo;[using] their beaks as tweezersā€¦ [sticking]\nthem in the grass closed then [opening] them to pry apart the grass\nand look for morsels inside.\u0026rdquo; His focus on animal pleasure holds another\nmessage for humans: that \u0026ldquo;animals\u0026rsquo; lives are of value to them,\n[adding] to the moral responsibilities we have towards them,\u0026rdquo; such as\nnot caging, torturing, or killing them, as Balcombe suggests. His choice\nof a vegan lifestyle (one that abstains from the use of any animal\nproduct), directly reflects this message, which he has given several\nlectures about, such as one entitled \u0026lsquo;Why Vegan? Lessons from an Animal\nScientist\u0026rsquo; that he gave to the Vegetarian Society of Hawaii.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOver the course of a year, Dr. Balcombe travels regionally in the United\nStates and Canada a dozen or more times and travels internationally two\nor three times, on average. While he has done book tours in South\nAfrica, India, and Australia and New Zealand, Balcombe conducted most of\nhis professional work in the United States. Much of his work as a\nstudent dealt with bats and their behaviors, and his first published\npaper was on the nesting habits of turtles. But Balcombe\u0026rsquo;s animal\nstudies expanded to a many animal classes and species thereof, including\nstudies on swine, primates, cats, rodents, canines, and even fish. As\nmentioned before, Dr. Balcombe is a prolific author; he has published\nover forty scientific papers and has written four books discussing his\nstudies and theories on animal behavior and protection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough varying in topics and ideas, all of Dr. Jonathan Balcombe\u0026rsquo;s\nstudies, papers, lectures, and books demonstrate his undeniable passion\nand respect for all the creatures we share this Earth with. His work\nshows us that the way we treat and regard other animals is in need for\nserious renovations; they, too, feel, think, and value life just as\nhumans do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBibliography\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBalcombe, Jonathan. E-mail interview. 23 Apr. 2012.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnknown. \u0026ldquo;Jonathan Balcombe Central.\u0026rdquo; Towards Freedom Web. 22 Apr. 2012.\n\u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/insites/beings/jonathan-balcombe/\"\u003eSee link\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnknown. \u0026ldquo;Jonathan Balcombe: About Jonathan.\u0026rdquo; Jonathan Balcombe. 2010.\nWeb. 29 Apr. 2012. \u003ca href=\"https://jonathan-balcombe.com/about/\"\u003eSee link\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStallwood, Kim. \u0026ldquo;Book Review: Second Nature.\u0026rdquo; Second Nature by Jonathan\nBalcombe. June 2010. Web. 29 Apr. 2012. \u003ca href=\"http://www.kimstallwood.com/book-reviews/second-nature-by-jonathan-balcombe/\"\u003eSee\nlink\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnknown. \u0026ldquo;Animal Joy \u0026lsquo;as Much Fun\u0026rsquo;\u0026rdquo; Animals Experience Joy Too. Fairfax\nNZ News, 18 Sept. 2011. Web. 29 Apr. 2012. \u003ca href=\"http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/5643102/Animal-joy-as-much-fun\"\u003eSee\nlink\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJohn, Gartner. \u0026ldquo;Animals Just Want to Have Fun.\u0026rdquo; Wired.com. Conde Nast\nDigital, 15 Aug. 2006. Web. 29 Apr. 2012. \u003ca href=\"http://www.wired.com/culture/culturereviews/news/2006/08/71556\"\u003eSee\nlink\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMadhur, Tankha. \u0026ldquo;Speaking out for the Voicelessā€¦.\u0026rdquo; The Hindu. The Hindu\nEPaper. Web. 29 Apr. 2012. \u003ca href=\"http://hindu.com/2007/01/19/stories/2007011905150200.htm\"\u003eSee\nlink\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVshvideo. \u0026ldquo;Why Vegan? Lessons From An Animal Scientist.\u0026rdquo; YouTube.\nYouTube, 14 Apr. 2011. Web. 29 Apr. 2012. \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ZYQnt-67vs\"\u003eSee\nlink\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnknown. \u0026ldquo;Jonathan Balcombe, Ph.D., M.S.\u0026rdquo; PCRM. Physicians Committee for\nResponsible Medicine. Web. 18 Apr. 2012. \u003ca href=\"http://www.pcrm.org/search/?cid=53\"\u003eSee\nlink\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Jonathan the Seagull", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/jonathan-the-seagull/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/jonathan-the-seagull/", "authors": [ { "name": "Sangeeta" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eJonathan Livingston Seagull, a novel by Richard Bach, is a much-loved\nclassic that has touched the hearts of many. A tale of courage, truth\nand love, this eloquently written story is a rich and vibrant literary\nwork. This book centers on the character development of Jonathan\nLivingston Seagull, who changes from a quiet and timid young seagull to\nan enlightened, brave and courageous being.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe story begins with Jonathan as a lonesome seagull wants to transcend\nthe boring world of eating, mating and sleeping that most gulls live in\norder to survive. But he did not want to just survive, he wants to\ntranscend all barriers and go beyond the limits of being a seagull.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor most gulls all that really mattered was how to get to the shore and\nback with some food. But for Jonathan, all that mattered was flight.\nMore than anything else, Jonathan Livingston Seagull loved to fly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis kind of thinking certainly did not make him the most popular bird.\nOthers seagulls mocked his efforts and told him that he was just wasting\nhis time. Even his parents questioned him as to why he could not be like\nall the other birds. When questioned, he would bow his head and\nreluctantly obey his parents. He tried to behave like the others,\nfighting and screeching with the rest of the flock, but it seemed all\ntoo pointless to him. But, this seagull, though a little timid at the\nbeginning, possessed an inner curiosity and wonderment that finally\ngives him strength.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJonathan became very adept at low-level flying, stalling in the air and\ndoing many other aero-dynamic maneuvers. As soon as the elders in his\nflock learned of these uncommon feats, they decided to ostracize him for\nviolating the dignity and tradition of the Gull Family . They told him\nthat, Life is the unknown and the unknowable, except that we are put\ninto this world to eat, to stay alive as long as we possibly can .\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo this statement he responded, \u0026ldquo;Who is more responsible than a gull who\nfinds and follows a meaning, a higher purpose for life? For a thousand\nyears we have scrabbled after fish head, but now we have a reason to\nlive- to learn, to discover, to be free! Give me one chance, let me show\nyou what I?ve found.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith this statement, Jonathan began to speak up for himself. He became\nbolder about sharing his discoveries. However, no gull had ever spoken\nback to the elders, as did Jonathan, so he was immediately banished.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe spent countless days on his own. He was distressed not because of the\nabandonment by his flock, but because they refused to believe the glory\nof flight that awaited them; they refused to open their eyes and see .\nHe was getting pretty used to being alone and adventuring to unknown\nplaces and reaching new heights and new speeds with flying.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne day as he was flying, he was greeted by two gulls whose wings were\nas pure as starlight and who glowed with gentle friendliness . These\ngulls told him that they too were outcasts once and now they have come\nto take him higher, take him home . They told him that one school was\nfinished, and that the time had come to go to another.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs they ascended into the other world, his wings seemed to glow and his\nflying became effortless. Jonathan thought that he was certainly in\nheaven. He found great comfort that the birds thought as he thought. For\nthem, the most important thing in living was to reach out and touch\nperfection in that which they most loved to do, and that was to fly.\nThey were magnificent birds all of them, and they spent hour after hour\nevery day practicing flight, testing advanced aeronautics\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne evening Jonathan heard that an Elder Gull would soon be moving on to\nthe next world. He mustered up his courage and walked up to that gull to\nask him something that was stirring deep inside of him. The following\nexchange was a turning point in Jonathan\u0026rsquo;s life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Chiang?\u0026rdquo; he said, a little nervously.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe old seagull looked at him kindly. \u0026ldquo;Yes, my son?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInstead of being enfeebled by age, the Elder had been empowered by it;\nhe could outfly any gull in the Flock, and had learned skills that the\nothers were only gradually coming to know.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Chiang, this world isnt heaven at all, is it?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Elder smiled in the moonlight. \u0026ldquo;You are learning again, Jonathan\nSeagull,\u0026rdquo; he said.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;No, Jonathan, there is no such place. Heaven is not a place, and it\nis not a time. Heaven is being perfect. He was silent for a moment.\nYou are a very fast flier, aren\u0026rsquo;t you?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;I enjoy speed,\u0026rdquo; Jonathan said, taken aback but proud that the Elder\nhad noticed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;You will begin to touch heaven, Jonathan, in the moment that you\ntouch perfect speed. And that isn\u0026rsquo;t flying a thousand miles, or a\nmillion, or flying at the speed of light. Because any number is a\nlimit, and perfection doesn\u0026rsquo;t have limits. Perfect speed, my son, is\nbeing there.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom this moment on Chiang took Jonathan under his wing, so to speak. He\nbecame his mentor and his best friend. The Elder Gull taught him much\nabout flight, but most importantly about going beyond his limits. He\nlearned how to disappear and reappear in a different location and many\nother awe inspiring things. He told him that the gulls who scorn\nperfection for the sake of travel go nowhere, slowly. Those who put\naside travel for the sake of perfection go anywhere instantly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePretty soon all the gulls were in awe of Jonathan. But as he grew wiser,\nhe also grew humbler, for such is the nature of wisdom. Everyone asked\nfor him to teach them what he knew. Jonathan, in his humility told them\nthat he had just arrived in this new world, and it was them that needed\nto teach him .\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter months of studying and learning with Chiang, it was time for the\nElder to move on. Before leaving he reminded Jonathan to keep working on\nlove. As the days went on Jonathan couldn\u0026rsquo;t help but think about the\npast. He thought of all the gulls who were living and dying over\nbreadcrumbs. Then he wondered whether there was a gull who was made an\noutcast for living his truth in the face of the other gulls. The more he\npracticed his kindness lessons, the more he wanted to back to Earth .\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor in spite of his lonely past, Jonathan Seagull was born to be an\ninstructor, and his own way of demonstrating love was to give something\nof the truth that he had seen to a gull who asked only a chance to see\ntruth for himself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince his meeting with Chiang, Jonathan began to believe in himself and\nthe power of love more than he had ever known. As his spirit became\nstronger, his soul became kinder, and out of kindness he wanted to take\nback to others what he had learned.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe others told Jonathan to stay and help the birds that were coming to\ntheir world instead. It would be too difficult to go back to the world\nwhere he was once deserted. He agreed for sometime, but he couldn\u0026rsquo;t help\nbut remember his old life. He thought to himself how far ahead he would\nhave been if Chiang had shown up the day he was outcast. He decided that\nhe indeed needed to go back.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJonathan appeared just in time to witness the rejection of Fletcher Lynd\nSeagull by his flock. Fletcher flew away with anger in his eyes.\nJonathan Seagull flew next to him and told him that by casting him out,\nthey had only hurt themselves. He asked Fletcher to forgive them, for\nthey knew not what they were doing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSoon, Jonathan had become to Fletcher, what Chiang was to him. He taught\nFletcher how to go beyond limitations and to touch heaven. As time went\non other outcasts joined Jonathan. At night Jonathan would tell them\nthat they were only as limited as they believed. He told them at their\nwhole body was nothing but thought, and if they could break the chains\nof thought, they could break the chains of their bodies too. All this\nsounded like science fiction to these gulls who could not believe it at\nfirst.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne day Jonathan told them that it was time to go back to the others.\nThey were ready now to help the other seagulls to see. They all refused\nto go, so Jonathan flew all alone into the sky. The gulls were concerned\nabout their teacher going alone, so they soon joined him. Jonathan\ntaught his students flying lessons right above the other flocks. But\ndown below, the others were warned not to watch, for looking at an\noutcast would make one into an outcast too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShortly the few students became more and more, and were coming from all\nplaces. Soon a sickly looking bird came and told Jonathan that he wanted\nnothing else but to fly . Unfortunately his wings were injured, so he\ncould not. To this he was told by Jonathan, You have the freedom to be\nyourself, your true self, here and now, and nothing can stand in your\nway. Believing this he spread his wings and flew. He shouted with great\nglee as the others watched him in wonderment. Before long, thousands of\nbirds flocked around and began to listen to what was being told by\nJonathan.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs he taught others, he inspired multitudes to come and join. He became\nlike another messiah, only he told the gulls that he was no more divine\nthan they were, except that he took the risk to learn . Soon, it was\ntime for Jonathan to move on to the other world, but he left his work\nwith Fletcher Seagull to continue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this wonderful story of triumph and love, Jonathan Livingston Seagull\nwas able to find his own inner strength through teaching others about\nthe gifts that they had inside. He became enlightened in the process of\nenlightening others. In this delightful novel, the reader has flown into\nthe world of the birds and shall come out transformed through a myriad\nof inspiration, wisdom and literary excellence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTODO ā€¦\u003cbr\u003e\nlibrary references\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Juice Recipes From Big George", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/juice-recipes-from-big-george/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/juice-recipes-from-big-george/", "authors": [ { "name": "Big George" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003ePlease choose organic produce, if at all possible, when selecting your\nfruits and vegetables. Organic produce is grown without harmful\nchemicals/pesticides. The key is to buy what is in season. Enjoy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"juices\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eJuices \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#juices\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCarrot/Apple\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n6 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n2 apples (any kind)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCantaloupe Juice\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nCut into strips and juice (rind and all if organic)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSunshine Cocktail\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n2 apples\u003cbr\u003e\n4-6 strawberries\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Waldorf\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n1 stalk celery\u003cbr\u003e\n2 apples\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePineapple/Grapefruit\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 grapefruit (peeled)\u003cbr\u003e\n2 rings of pineapple\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePineapple/Orange\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n2 rings of pineapple\u003cbr\u003e\n2 peeled oranges\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePineapple/Celery\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n2 ribs of celery\u003cbr\u003e\n4 rings of pineapple\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePineapple/Tangerine\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n3 rings of pineapple\u003cbr\u003e\n4 peeled tangerines\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApple Zinger\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n2 or 3 apples\u003cbr\u003e\n1 whole lemon peeled\u003cbr\u003e\n1 (or more) 1 cm cube of ginger\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGinger Heaven\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n1 cm cube of ginger\u003cbr\u003e\n1 or 2 apples\u003cbr\u003e\n4 carrots\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCranberry Cocktail\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n1 handful of cranberries\u003cbr\u003e\n2 or 3 apples\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRed Passion\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 beet\u003cbr\u003e\n4 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n1 inch of ginger\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"natural-beauty-drinks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNatural Beauty Drinks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#natural-beauty-drinks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBlemish Buster\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n5 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 green pepper\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSmooth Skin\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n5 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 apple\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 inch slice of fresh ginger\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEye Beautifier\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n5 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n1 handful of greens (collard greens, kale, parsley, broccoli, mustard\ngreens)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"theraputic-juice-drinks\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTheraputic Juice Drinks \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#theraputic-juice-drinks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLung Tonic\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n6 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n4 sprigs parsley\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 peeled potato\u003cbr\u003e\n4 sprigs water cress\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChlorophyll Cocktail\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n(for Hemroids and tumors)\u003cbr\u003e\n6 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n10 spinach leaves\u003cbr\u003e\n4 turnip leaves\u003cbr\u003e\n4 sprig watercress\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBlood Sugar Stabalizer\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n(helpful for diabetes and hypoglycemia)\u003cbr\u003e\n3 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n2 lettuce leaves\u003cbr\u003e\n1 handful string beans\u003cbr\u003e\n4 brussel sprouts\u003cbr\u003e\n2 apples\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHealthy Bone Tonic\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n6 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n4 kale Leaves\u003cbr\u003e\n4 sprigs parsley\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 apple\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBlood Regenerator\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n(for anemia and low blood pressure)\u003cbr\u003e\n6 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n6 spinach leaves\u003cbr\u003e\n4 lettuce leaves\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 beet\u003cbr\u003e\n4 sprigs parsley\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLiver Mover\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n3 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 beet\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDigestive Tonic\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nhandful of spinach\u003cbr\u003e\n6 carrots\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHealthy Heart Cocktail\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n6 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 apple\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 inch slice fresh ginger\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eColon Tonic\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n6 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n1 3-inch wedge green cabbage\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBody Cleansing\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n4 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n1/2 cucumber\u003cbr\u003e\n1 beet\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnergy\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n6 carrots\u003cbr\u003e\n5 sprigs parsley\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCalming Nightcap\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n2 ribs of celery\u003cbr\u003e\n1 apple\u003cbr\u003e\n3 carrots\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Kiyreagle", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:58-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/kiyreagle/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/kiyreagle/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe story of our encounter with a 1981 AMC Eagle!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"and-so-it-begins\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAnd so it begins \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#and-so-it-begins\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI first saw this Eagle on Craigslist while looking for a car to possibly\nreplace my wife Ranjana\u0026rsquo;s Toyota Tercel. Of course, unlike the Tercel,\nthis one ate gas, was large, had manual transmission and wasn\u0026rsquo;t\ndrivable. So the idea of a replacement was somewhat ludicrous.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStill, there was an intrigue about it which is difficult to explain.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou see, we\u0026rsquo;ve never been interested in cars. My son, Kyron doesn\u0026rsquo;t\ndrive and I don\u0026rsquo;t enjoy doing so. My son invariably falls asleep in a\ncar, while I fortunately manage to resist that temptation. We like\nbicycling and find sitting in a car watching the scenery go by rather\nboring.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe only thing I liked about the car was that it was old and needed\nhelp. We like taking old things, be they animal, mineral or vegetable,\nand trying to give them a good home. However, there was no way anyone\nhere would agree to taking a 1981 undrivable car and making it a tenant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI watched the vehicle sit on Craigslist for several weeks and\ncongratulated myself on having the good sense not to give the matter a\nsecond thought, even though I was giving it all these second looks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen one day, through a set of circumstances, I suggested that if we had\na beater 4wd car just for the snow, it would solve the large problem of\ngetting Ranjana, to her mother\u0026rsquo;s each night. This was an essential trip\nsince my mother-in-law requires considerable care.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell the Eagle was a 4wd ā€¦ and I started thinking that while I was\nlooking at it, the car might have been looking back. So I made the\nsuggestion to my son that he examine the possibility, warning him that\nwe\u0026rsquo;d have to do a lot of work on the car, automechanics being a\ncompletely new area for us. The one thing the car had going for it was\nthe $600 price tag.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was actually surprised when Kyron spent some time looking at the\nphotos and reading up about AMC Eagles. Then as he usually does after\nevalutating something, he made a firm decision - he was interested in\nlooking at the car.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I contacted the owner by email and received honest answers to all my\nquestions. The owner was very helpful, didn\u0026rsquo;t try to do a sell job on\nme, so we set up a time to look at the car. Furthermore, she gave me the\nlink to the amceaglenest forum where she\u0026rsquo;d found everyone to be very\nhelpful.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLooking on this really impressive forum, I stumbled upon the owner\u0026rsquo;s\nthread: The \u0026ldquo;Rescue\u0026rdquo; Eagle. The title was a curious one and as I read\nit, I understood why it was so named. What amazed me most, were the\n\u0026lsquo;desirous\u0026rsquo; comments by many members wanting to possess what I honestly\nthought was really just an interesting piece of junk.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI also experienced the best \u0026lsquo;sales pitch\u0026rsquo; by the owner, regalwizard (aka\nKirsten) which was to provide a comprehensive display of the car with a\nmultitude of photos as well as 3 videos, linked to from within the\nthread. Again, there was no persuasion attempted beyond providing the\ntrue picture and a sincere wish to provide a good home for this vehicle\nwhose worth I had apparently misjudged.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI watched the thread progress with people trying to overcome the\nlogistics of acquiring the vehicle, of creating space for it (some had\nmore than one Eagle already), of trying to figure out how to convince a\nspouse that this would be a good idea. I was fortunate in that my son\nand I at least held a 2:1 majority, even if my wife didn\u0026rsquo;t like the\nidea.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen I sensed the disappoints as no one turned up to take the car. I was\namazed at the accommodation that Kirsten was willing to go to in order\nto find a home. The weeks turned into months with her bumping the thread\nat the beginning of each month.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis car just sat there from August to nearly mid-December.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-first-day\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe First Day \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-first-day\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn a cold Wednesday morning, December 9, 2009, Ranjana and I went to see\nit overcoming the reluctance of the one hour drive. Kirsten met us in\nfront of the storage center and then we met the car. She hoped we\u0026rsquo;d be\nable to fix up a few of the issues and, if we liked the car, we\u0026rsquo;d be\nable to drive it back.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe had brought a very basic toolkit consisting of some sockets and\nwrenches. I actually had brought a more impressive collection. The main\ndifference though was that she knew how to use the tools properly and I\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first problem was that both the front tires had gone flat. I figured\nthis was an opportunity for me to make the one contribution I was likely\ncapable of and promptly pumped up both tires (and possibly my ego at the\nsame time). After that, I watched with considerable fascination as\nKirsten went through the process of trying to start up the engine -\nunsuccessfully though.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe went to get some gasoline while I examined the car in greater\ndetail. It was very dirty ā€¦ but that could all be cleaned up. It didn\u0026rsquo;t\nwork right ā€¦ but may be it could be fixed. My wife wasn\u0026rsquo;t going to like\nthe car ā€¦ well, may be that could be fixed too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKirsten returned and put some gasoline into the carborator (and here I\nthought gasoline was supposed to go into the gas tank), and got the\nengine to fire up. It sounded rough and Kirsten explained that there was\nlikely a leak in the exhaust pipe in front of the muffler. Then suddenly\nshe yelled to me to turn off the car!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe had noticed the alternator belt was flopping and was concerned that\nit might damage one of the nearby hoses. The belt had become so loose\nthat we could practically pull it off. I suggested we tape the hose to\nprotect it and see whether it was actually hitting the hose, but when we\nstarted up the engine again, the belt just broke.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen we noticed that there was a steady stream of oil leaking from the\nengine and while watching the black stuff flow out, the engine shut\nitself off on its own as if to say, \u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;ve had enough\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was starting to think that I\u0026rsquo;d had enough too (there were after all\ntwo other vehicles we had in mind at lower prices), because we weren\u0026rsquo;t\njust looking at a car anymore, but a series of complications. However,\nKirsten was undaunted by the events or by the cold.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst she removed the remains of the belt. Then she tried to determine\nwhere the oil leak was coming from and found that the oil filter \u0026lsquo;felt\u0026rsquo;\nfunny. Ok so, let\u0026rsquo;s replace the oil and filter and see what happens.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy now, I was motivated by her determination, though I thought it was a\nridiculously cold temperature to do any work in. Off we went to the auto\nparts store - a 15 minute drive - to get something to drain the oil\ninto, a filter wrench, some oil and yes, we were going to change the\nalternator belt, so I bought not one but two of these (I figured that if\none didn\u0026rsquo;t work the alternate one might because it\u0026rsquo;s an alternator,\nright?). Kirsten would have bought all this herself, but I think it must\nhave been too late for me. Kirsten noticed with some surprise that she\nhad been calling it \u0026ldquo;your car\u0026rdquo; even though we had no intention of buying\nit at that time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe got the oil filter off and sure enough it was banged up. After\nputting the new one on and putting oil in again, we started up the\nengine and were relieved to see that the leak was no more.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo now it was time for the alternator to have a new belt. Even though I\nhad no idea what an alternator was, I could see that there was a place\nwhere the belt should go. The only problem was that there was this other\nbelt in the way. Kirsten quickly undid the bolts to move that other belt\nso we could slip the alternator belt into position, but then we found\nout that it wouldn\u0026rsquo;t go onto the pulleys.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI thought it was most unfortunate that these belts couldn\u0026rsquo;t stretch like\nrubber bands and have some sort of link mechanism to them so they could\ngo on without having to take the entire car apart. Kirsten and I tried\nto loosen some of the bolts holding the alternator in place, but I\ncouldn\u0026rsquo;t see how it would move in the little slot I thought was for\npositional adjustments.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince we couldn\u0026rsquo;t see well in the falling darkness, we thought we\u0026rsquo;d try\nto drive the car just a bit and forget about the alternator problem for\nnow. Though she handed me the key, I thought kirsten should have the\nhonor of being the first to drive it - besides, I didn\u0026rsquo;t want to mess\nsomething up. as she tried to put it into gear, all we could hear was a\nbit of grinding.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat was it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was too late, too dark and too difficult to do anything else that\nday. There were too many obstacles. Kirsten said that she\u0026rsquo;d contact her\nbrothers whom she had seen restore some very difficult vehicles, so they\nmight be able to help. I said that I might try coming down the next day\nand may be give the belt another try.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a surprisingly trusting move, Kirsten handed me the TSM (technical\nservice manual) and the keys. Now the TSM is a thick book and I like\nbooks (even if I don\u0026rsquo;t read much), so I thought we might be able to\nfigure something out from this. Ranjana, who had most patiently endured\nseveral hours of sitting in our car, realized right away, that I was at\nleast as enthusiastic about the book, as I was about the car. Somehow,\nhaving such a \u0026lsquo;bible\u0026rsquo; made one feel more capable than one likely was.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter we got home, Kyron and I studied the alternator section of the\nTSM. He felt we could do something. I told Kirsten that we\u0026rsquo;d definitely\nhave a go at it ourselves (she couldn\u0026rsquo;t be there that day), provided she\nwas ok with that. If she prefered we wait for her brothers, we\u0026rsquo;d be\nhappy to. Kirsten\u0026rsquo;s feeling was that her brothers could come into the\npicture if there was something that the three of us couldn\u0026rsquo;t figure out.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-second-day\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Second Day \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-second-day\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKyron, much to my surprise, was looking forward to getting to the car\ndespite the long drive. He slept most of the way there as I expected,\nbut once he saw the car, it became evident to me that he was going to be\njust as determined to make things work as Kirsten had been the previous\nday. In fact, Kirsten had actually made a special trip earlier in the\nday with the alternator belt she had inadvertently taken home, leaving\nit under the hood of the car.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow Kyron knew less about cars than I did, so it really was a case of\nthe blind leading the blind for the first part of that afternoon.\nHowever, he tends to pick up on things faster than I do and so after\nsome fiddling, he figured out that we had to move the alternator in its\nhousing to slip the belt on. When we started the car (and it was easier\nthis time), the belt worked perfectly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, on to the shifting problem. Kyron had read the night before that the\nclutch was a hydraulic one and a couple of workers in the storage area\ntold us to pump it several times slowly to make sure the fluid was\ntopped up. We did all that, but still couldn\u0026rsquo;t shift into gear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt had gotten too dark again to work, so we headed back home, hoping\nwe\u0026rsquo;d find some solution in the TSM.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-third-day\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Third Day \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-third-day\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn Friday, Kyron and I made the drive down and found that Kirsten was\nalready there replacing the non-functional headlights. she had thought\nit would be worth trying to see if the lights rather than the circuitry\nwas at fault.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen we found out that I had closed the hood of the car and that we\ncouldn\u0026rsquo;t open it using the hood release. We tried getting to the locking\nmechanism through the grill, tried removing the grill and even\ncontemplated cutting the release cable and pulling on it with pliers.\nInstead, we went and studied how Kirsten\u0026rsquo;s Eagle, Pepper\u0026rsquo;s hood lock\nworked. Playing with the lock on her car, we saw that there may be a\npossible way to get a screwdriver up onto the release hinge. Since I was\nthe one who created this problem in the first place, it was only fitting\nthat I solve it, which I did with such dexterity that I\u0026rsquo;ve been\nconsidering what my prospects as a safe-cracker might be.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe had to solve two major problems before we could drive the Eagle home.\none was the clutch and the other was that the signal lights didn\u0026rsquo;t work.\nThinking that the former was the more essential, we headed under the car\nto examine if the pushrod mechanism for the clutch was even working. To\nour relief we found that it was, but the spring holding it to the\nthrowout lever was just dangling. We all thought we\u0026rsquo;d found the\nsolution - just connect the spring and we\u0026rsquo;re off and away.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is hard to believe that something so insignificant as a disconnected\nspring could create such difficulties, but try as we may, we weren\u0026rsquo;t\nable to reconnect it. However, spending all that time and effort near\nthe clutch mechanism reminded Kirsten that someone had said pushrods\ncould be too short from wear. It was moving the throwout lever, but just\nnot far enough.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince we could barely see anymore, we decided to call it a night and ask\non the nest for some advice. That night Kyron and I found out from the\nTSM that the spring had nothing to do with the matter. there were\nactually three missing pieces: the pivot, washer and seal, which would\nextend the reach of the pushrod probably enough so that the throwout\nlever moved the proper distance. The difficulty would be to get these\nparts - or we\u0026rsquo;d have to devise something creative \u0026lsquo;in a clutch\u0026rsquo; as the\nsaying goes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMuch of Friday night was spent trying to figure out some alternative to\nthe parts (assuming that we couldn\u0026rsquo;t get these) and how to seperate the\nthrowout lever from the pushrod since they seemed to like each other too\nmuch to let anything come in between.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"the-fourth-day\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eThe Fourth Day \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#the-fourth-day\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaturday morning, we went around asking people at auto parts stores as\nwell as wreckers if they had something to solve our problem. Invariably\nthe answer was negative. One of the wreckers had some jeeps, but there\nwas nothing useable there other than some screw-on caps that may have\nfit the pushrod.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaturday afternoon, Kyron and I headed out again on the long drive to\nthe car, our plan being to do what we can with the pushrod, but at least\ntry to get the lights working. One of the people at a store told us that\nit is possible (though tricky) to do clutchless shifting. I figured that\nif we could at least get the signal lights functional, I might be able\nto try my hand at driving this way in the large storage lot and possibly\neven \u0026rsquo;limp\u0026rsquo; back home with the Eagle. Of course, I realized that I\u0026rsquo;d\ndraw a lot of attention leaving stoplights if I did try this since it\nwould mean doing a \u0026lsquo;jump\u0026rsquo; start, not having a clutch to work with.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe also had a concern about whether there was oil leaking from the\ngasket under the plastic valve cover of the engine and figured we\u0026rsquo;d\nevaluate that matter as well. Additionally, the headlights didn\u0026rsquo;t turn\non so we thought we\u0026rsquo;d check the fuse box.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"a-new-life\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eA New Life \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#a-new-life\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we got there, we drained some of the oil (we\u0026rsquo;d put in too much) out\nof the engine and ran it. Finding no leakage, we went under the car to\nexamine the pushrod again. It became evident that we\u0026rsquo;d have to raise the\ncar if we were to do any work under there even though Eagles perch nice\nand high off the ground.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe then cleaned up some of the fuses in the fuse panel by scraping the\ncorrosion off with a screwdriver. After installing a new flasher module,\nwe hoped that the turn signals would work which they didn\u0026rsquo;t at first\nbecause we tried them with the engine off. However, when we fired up the\nengine this time, not only did the signal lights come on, so did the\ninternal ones.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the dimming light of dusk, after four days of long trips and work in\nthe cold, the luminous glow of the inside gave the cracked windshield a\ncrystalline brilliance, conjuring a wondrous \u0026lsquo;other\u0026rsquo; world, beckoning us\nto enter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we got home that night, we looked at the forecast - snow and rain\nall week. It would not be possible to work on the car. We made a\ndecision. despite the cost, we\u0026rsquo;d tow the vehicle to our place. There, at\nleast, we could look after it and even get some work done during the dry\nspells.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo Sunday morning, we met the tow truck and helped get loose ends tied\nup. within a couple of hours, the car was at our place.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKiyreagle had at last come home.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou may wonder what is behind the name \u0026ldquo;Kiyreagle\u0026rdquo;. It is a way to embed\nthe \u0026ldquo;Kir\u0026rdquo; of Kirsten and the \u0026ldquo;Kyr\u0026rdquo; of Kyron into the car\u0026rsquo;s identity. For\nKirsten was the rescuer and Kyron is the restorer. Kirsten\u0026rsquo;s\nintervention saved this beautiful car from the scrap heap and Kyron\u0026rsquo;s\nwork will be to justify her faith.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn one of our email exchanges, Kirsten had said to me \u0026ldquo;I just want to\nsee the old bird fly again\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd again shall we fly!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Food Combining Simplified", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/food-combining-simplified/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/food-combining-simplified/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis article summarizes some food combining principles from chapter 26\nof Shelton\u0026rsquo;s book The Science and Fine Art of Food and Nutrition.\nShelton advocated strict vegetarianism (also known as dietary vegan) as\nwell as eating foods in their natural raw state.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is important to note that food combining has nothing to do with\nprotein combining which was an amusing bit of panic prevalent in the\n1970s and 1980s when some people thought that the vegetarian has to eat\nfoods in certain proportions in order to get a proper protein balance.\nThis misconception persisted partly because of a misinterpretation of\nFrances Lappe Moore\u0026rsquo;s idea that one has to combine foods in order to get\nthe same protein balance that meat provides. Some people thought she\nmeant the vegetarian has to combine foods so as to get the right balance\nof proteins which of course assumes that meat has the right balance of\nproteins for humans. This notion is complete nonsense as evidenced by\nclinical studies as well as by the historically healthy existence of\nvegetarians throughout history. Meat does not provide the \u0026lsquo;right\u0026rsquo;\ncombination of proteins, nor is it at all desirable to food combine to\nsimulate that protein profile (which of course varies anyway depending\nupon the source).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFood combining has to do with eating certain foods together so as to\noptimize the digestive process. Eating a large variety of foods at one\nsitting forces the digestive system to try to accommodate for the\ndifferent types of nutrients. As a result certain foods don\u0026rsquo;t get\ndigested well, experience fermentation and can cause discomfort or even\nailments.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor instance, it is unwise to eat heavy proteins (acidic) and heavy\ncarbohydrates (alkaline) together. Beans are an interesting example,\nsince many people experience great discomfort after eating them. Beans\nare about 25% protein and 50% carbohydrate, providing an awkward\ncombination for the digestive system since the conditions required for\ndigestion of acidic nutrients are quite different from those of alkaline\nsubstances. While it is possible to \u0026lsquo;help out\u0026rsquo; with digestive enzymes,\nit is best to minimize consumption of foods and food combinations that\nare difficult.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow we provide some rules derived from Shelton\u0026rsquo;s chapter:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDo not eat carbs and acid foods at the same meal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDo not eat concentrated proteins and concentrated carbs at the same\nmeal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDo not eat 2 concentrated proteins at the same meal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDo not eat fats with proteins\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDo not eat acidic fruits with proteins\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDo not eat starches and sugars together\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEat only one concentrated starch at a meal 8. Do not consume melons\nwith any other foods\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor details, rationale and evidence of the above see Shelton\u0026rsquo;s book.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe chart below gets into some specifics regarding which foods should\nand should not be eaten together.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSimplified Food Combining Chart\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(for full details see Chapter 26 \u003cem\u003eThe Science and Fine Art of Food and\nNutrition\u003c/em\u003e by H. Shelton)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cstyle type=\"text/css\"\u003e\n/*\u003c![CDATA[*/\n span.c8 {color: #FFFFFF; font-family: Times New Roman; font-weight: bold}\n span.c7 {color: #FFFFFF; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 120%}\n td.c6 {background-color: #00FF00}\n td.c5 {background-color: #FF0000}\n span.c4 {color: #FFFFFF; font-family: Times New Roman}\n td.c3 {background-color: #00FF00; font-weight: bold}\n td.c2 {background-color: #FF00FF}\n span.c1 {color: #FFFFFF; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold}\n /*]]\u003e*/\n \u003c/style\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctable width=\"500\" border=\"5\" cellspacing=\"10\" cellpadding=\n\"4\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"c2\" align=\"center\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\n\"c1\"\u003eEat\u003cbr /\u003e\nNonStarchy and Green Vegetables\u003cbr /\u003e\nwith\u003cbr /\u003e\neither\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\n \u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"c3\" align=\"center\" width=\"40%\"\u003eProteins\u003c/td\u003e\n\n \u003ctd class=\"c5\" align=\"center\" width=\"20%\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\n\"c4\"\u003eOr\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\n \u003ctd class=\"c3\" align=\"center\" width=\"40%\"\u003eStarches\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\n \u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"c6\" align=\"center\" width=\"40%\"\u003enuts\u003cbr /\u003e\nseeds\u003cbr /\u003e\nolives\u003cbr /\u003e\ntofu\u003cbr /\u003e\nlentil sprouts\u003cbr /\u003e\ngarbanzo sprouts\u003c/td\u003e\n\n \u003ctd class=\"c5\" align=\"center\" width=\"20%\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\n\"c7\"\u003eDO NOT\u003cbr /\u003e\nCOMBINE\u003cbr /\u003e\nProteins\u003cbr /\u003e\nwith\u003cbr /\u003e\nStarches\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\n \u003ctd class=\"c6\" align=\"center\" width=\"40%\"\u003epeanuts\u003cbr /\u003e\ncoconuts\u003cbr /\u003e\nchestnuts\u003cbr /\u003e\nwild rice\u003cbr /\u003e\ngrains\u003cbr /\u003e\nstarchy vegetables\u003cbr /\u003e\nlegumes\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\n \u003cbr /\u003e\n\n \u003ctable width=\"500\" border=\"5\" cellspacing=\"10\" cellpadding=\n\"4\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"c2\" align=\"center\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\n\"c1\"\u003eEat\u003cbr /\u003e\nSubacid Fruits\u003cbr /\u003e\n(All fruits not Sweet or Acid)\u003cbr /\u003e\nwith\u003cbr /\u003e\neither\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\n \u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"c3\" align=\"center\" width=\"38%\"\u003eAcid\nFruits\u003c/td\u003e\n\n \u003ctd class=\"c5\" align=\"center\" width=\"24%\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\n\"c4\"\u003eOr\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\n \u003ctd class=\"c3\" align=\"center\" width=\"38%\"\u003eSweet\nFruits\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\n \u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"c6\" align=\"center\" width=\"38%\"\u003ecitrus\u003cbr /\u003e\npineapples\u003cbr /\u003e\nstrawberries\u003cbr /\u003e\npomegranates\u003cbr /\u003e\nsour tasting fruits\u003c/td\u003e\n\n \u003ctd class=\"c5\" align=\"center\" width=\"24%\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\n\"c8\"\u003eDO NOT\u003cbr /\u003e\nCOMBINE\u003cbr /\u003e\nAcid Fruits\u003cbr /\u003e\nwith\u003cbr /\u003e\nSweet Fruits\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\n \u003ctd class=\"c6\" align=\"center\" width=\"38%\"\u003ebananas\u003cbr /\u003e\npersimmons\u003cbr /\u003e\nsweet grapes\u003cbr /\u003e\ndried fruits\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\n \u003cbr /\u003e\n\n \u003ctable width=\"500\" align=\"center\" border=\"5\" cellspacing=\"10\"\ncellpadding=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"c5\" align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"c8\"\u003eDO\nNOT\u003cbr /\u003e\nCOMBINE\u003cbr /\u003e\nvegetables, proteins or starches\u003cbr /\u003e\nwith\u003cbr /\u003e\nfruits\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\n \u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"c6\" align=\"center\"\u003eExcept\u003cbr /\u003e\nnuts with citrus\u003cbr /\u003e\nlettuce and celery with fruit\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\n \u003cbr /\u003e\n\n \u003ctable width=\"500\" align=\"center\" border=\"5\" cellspacing=\"10\"\ncellpadding=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"c2\" align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"c8\"\u003eMiscellaneous notes\u003c/span\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\n \u003ctd class=\"c3\"\u003etomatoes\u003c/td\u003e\n\n \u003ctd class=\"c6\"\u003eeat with green and non-starchy vegetables\nand protein\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\n \u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"c3\"\u003eavocadoes\u003c/td\u003e\n\n \u003ctd class=\"c6\"\u003ebest with salad\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\n \u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"c3\"\u003emelons\u003c/td\u003e\n\n \u003ctd class=\"c6\"\u003eeat alone\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "For Men Only", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/for-men-only/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/for-men-only/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis article will be of no interest to women and children so they\nneedn\u0026rsquo;t read any further. This is a masculine issue that we do not\nusually wish to discuss openly. It is an awkward matter and appears\nunavoidable once we reach a certain age.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile we can pretend it is of no importance or even disguise the\neffects, we should be honest with ourselves, our loved ones and have the\ncourage to be forthright in our integrity. This is why I wrote this\narticle, so that all the males here who have been so afflicted can be\nsupported by others, and, without embarrassment, can this part of their\nlives, face.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is a problem indeed, this thing called facial hair. Some would even\nsay that it is the mane of our existence. What to do though?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell, some resort to a form of violence, shaving it off with ever\nincreasing sophistication of weaponry. Gone are the days of the single\nblade! Now the arsenal isn\u0026rsquo;t effective unless there are at least 3\nblades as well as a chemical strip to assist the metal swath out its\npath of destruction. Technology goes even further with power-assisted\ndevastation in the form of cutters that are rotary, non-rotary, screened\nand who knows what else! Yes, I realize these are frightening things to\nthink of and one can easily understand now whence came the aptly\ndescriptive colloquism \u0026lsquo;hair razing\u0026rsquo;. None of this does any good though.\nIt grows back!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo some have submitted to the inevitable. This is by no means an act of\ncowardice! It is merely a recognition of the grow of the universe. Go\nwith the grow! they would tell us. As admirable as is this philosophical\napproach, it is not without its drawbacks or its strengths! So let us\nexamine these in turn.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome feel they have to work in the garden and manicure in it various\ndesigns from flamboyant flairsome mustaches to discrete goatees to\nsimple beards with extensive sideburns. It is a creative pursuit\nadmittedly keeping one busy, for idle hands make mischief!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen there are others that let it all grow wild! There is a wonderful\nconvenience to this lifestyle! One merely permits nature\u0026rsquo;s creativity\nwithout intervention - no additives are required! These individuals can\nbe seen for a certain period of time anyway, immersed in the observation\nof the activity until they literally become immersed by it. The medium\nprovides many advantages such as insulation, camouflage, and under the\nright conditions it can even result in a more or less complete\necosystem!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs idyllic as these paradises seem, there are problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst, regardless of the geometry, there is always the difficulty of\neating. Those not endowed with the affliction know not the care that\nmust be taken to insert a morsel of food past the fibrous guardians of\nthe lips which can provide some difficulty in being found. If one\nmisses, one is reduced to the travail of having to remove the remnants\nof what could have been eaten from that which has usurped them - never\nto be recovered!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecond, there is the undeniable itchiness. Hair just doesn\u0026rsquo;t grow\nstraight! It curls this way and that, tauntingly finding its way back to\nthe original bed from where it arose. There it pokes at the skin as if\nmockingly reminding one of its perpetual presence. It is possible, mind\nyou, to sometimes make the most of this situation too. Facial hair has\nover centuries proven to be an excellent scratching device.\nUnfortunately, one is limited in the extent to where one can take it.\nAdditionally, individuals other than the owner sometimes try to use it\nto their own advantage, finding their own relief often without asking\nthe owner\u0026rsquo;s consent!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThird, it is dubious whether facial hair has any educational or\nscientific value. Certainly, mathematicians might claim that counting\nall the hairs may somehow contribute to number theory, but what they\nfail to realize is that their hard efforts would invariably be usurped\nby the hovering biologists who would swoop in claiming that there are\ncells involved and so this is exclusively their private domain!\nConflicts of this nature are such follicle!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePhysicists, fortunately, are beyond such petty strife. In fact, it is\nthey who have tried to make meaningful contributions in a variety of\nareas that are relevant here. For instance, they were the ones who\ndiscovered that facial hair can be of immense value in emergencies when\none needs to start a fire, due to its excellent combustive property.\nAlso, they have proposed that facial hair possesses a certain tensile\nstrength that can find application whenever those applications arise.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, the most remarkable contribution physicists have made is in the\ntheory of scalp hair loss that some men feel is as much of a curse as\nthe growth of facial hair. For years, the medical profession (heavily\nfunded by unscrupulous elements from various political interest groups)\nhave tried to convince everyone that scalp hair loss is a result of the\nreasons they give and have provided numerous \u0026lsquo;solutions\u0026rsquo; that are of\ngreat monetary benefit to themselves. Their conspiracy was exposed when\nphysicists applied the simple law of conservation to conclusively\ndemonstrate that the real source of the problem is facial hair! The\ngiven quantity of hair in a universal sense must remain constant.\nTherefore, what you gain on the bottom causes you to lose on the top!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnfortunately, due to the stranglehold economics have on our lifestyles,\nit is unlikely this expose will gain the credibility it deserves and men\nwill continue to lose and gain hair where they feel they would rather\nnot. Some things in life just have to be accepted, I suppose.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, we can talk about the problem and thereby afford ourselves some\nsolace. Therefore, please use this opportunity to voice your concerns,\ntell us of your experiences, relate to others, confess that which you\nhadn\u0026rsquo;t dared to in the past. Let us provide comfort to one another!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Healthy Eating Healthy Living", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/wes-peterson/healthy-eating-healthy-living/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/wes-peterson/healthy-eating-healthy-living/", "authors": [ { "name": "Wes Peterson" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHello everyone!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI will attempt to share with you all some of what I\u0026rsquo;ve discovered\nintellectually and experientially in regards raw eating and healthy\nliving. This will be rather basic, but I hope you will find this to be\ninsightful and of some value.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"teeth-problems-and-acidic-fruits\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTeeth Problems and Acidic Fruits \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#teeth-problems-and-acidic-fruits\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI can vouch from my personal experience, as well as that of many others,\nthat acid fruits, eaten to any great degree, can and will erode tooth\nenamel. This is because the acids in fruits such as oranges, tangerines,\ngrapefruits, kiwi, pineapple, lemons, limes, sour apples and unripe\nfruit have a pH value below that which is required to dissolve tooth\nenamel.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuggestion: moderate your intake of acid fruits. Read about fruit and\nlearn which ones to moderate. The best fruits are probably the sweet and\nsubacid fruits such as bananas, dates, cherimoyas, durians, sapotes,\npears and apples. Eat fruit only when it is fully ripe. Again, unripe\nfruits are acidic. The fresher and higher the quality of the fruit you\neat, the better. Organic is much higher quality than commercial and\ncontains more nutrition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy no means totally do away with acid fruits as they can be very\nbeneficial and nutritious. Just keep in mind that you can have problems\nwith your teeth if you eat too many of them or eat them too often.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"greens-are-a-necessity\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGreens Are a Necessity \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#greens-are-a-necessity\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe starchless green vegetables are a very valuable part of my diet, and\nare highly recommended to all raw foodists. There are many varieties of\nleafy greens and stalks which are mineral-rich and are a good source of\nmany other nutrients. And, for whatever reason, I and others have found\nthem to have a balancing effect on one\u0026rsquo;s body and mind. It can be a good\nidea to eat these green vegetables at the same time as sweet fruits.\nOrganic greens are good, but wild greens are the best. Read up on wild\ngreens for information on those available in your area. Also, sea\nvegetables (such as kelp, dulse, alaria) are very mineral and\nnutrient-rich forming a very valuable part of the raw food diet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI\u0026rsquo;m not trying to get into religion here, but it is mentioned in Genesis\n1:29, that the original diet of mankind is fruits and greens - not just\nfruit .\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"fats-are-important\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFats Are Important \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fats-are-important\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur bodies need fat - but raw fat. Raw fats lubricate, protect, and are\nan antioxidant. They are very nourishing. Our bodies instinctively crave\nraw fat. Raw fats provide concentrated fuel, which feeds the brain and\nother organs, in addition to helping to maintain/gain weight, and also\nhelps to protect one from the bitter cold. It must be realized to all\ntrue health seekers that raw fat is exactly the opposite of cooked fat.\nCooked fats are carcinogenic, loaded with free radicals, and are harmful\nin many other ways. Read any cooked nutrition book and you readily\ndiscern the dangers of cooked and processed fats. However, realize that\nraw fats are of a totally different biochemistry than cooked fats.\nCooking changes the biochemical structure of all foods, and in regards\nfats (and proteins), this is especially harmful. Listen to your body\u0026rsquo;s\nneeds, and feel free to enjoy your share of superb raw fatty foods such\nas: avocados, coconuts, dried olives, durians, various nuts, and various\nseeds. Experiment and find what works optimally for you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"fruit-sugar-is-prime-fuel-for-our-bodies\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFruit Sugar is Prime Fuel for Our Bodies \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fruit-sugar-is-prime-fuel-for-our-bodies\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur body runs on sugar (glucose). Fruit is the best and highest quality\nsource of sugars, accompanied by various vitamins, minerals, enzymes,\nliving water, and fiber. Don\u0026rsquo;t fear sweet fruit, and don\u0026rsquo;t buy into the\nsuggestions by others to eat dead, devitalized, cooked starches. Keep in\nmind that starch is broken down into sugars during the process of\ndigestion. There is nothing healthful about starch. Starch is not a\nhealth food. Eliminate starch from your diet, use fruit in its place,\nand watch your health and well-being soar.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"fasting-gets-results\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFasting Gets Results \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#fasting-gets-results\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany raw foodists may experience cravings for cooked foods, and may give\nin and binge. This is often due to the resurfacing of cooked food\nresidues as they are purged from the system during detoxification, which\nis what happens when one embarks on 100% raw eating. I can vouch from\npersonal experience that the best way to counteract the toxic cravings,\nis by commencing a fast. This works wonders. Give your body and mind a\nbreak from food of any kind, and your body and mind will respond and be\nrejuvenated. Much heavy detoxification and reorganization within the\nhuman organism takes place during a fast. I myself fast one day a week,\nevery week, and I challenge you to do the same. It\u0026rsquo;s easy, effective,\nand free. And you have much more time (and also money) as a result of\nthis regular practice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"exercise-sunlight-adequate-rest-and-optimum-amounts-of-sleep-etc\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eExercise, Sunlight, Adequate Rest and Optimum Amounts of Sleep, etc. \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#exercise-sunlight-adequate-rest-and-optimum-amounts-of-sleep-etc\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe human body/mind complex needs much more than just food, water, and\nair. We also need to move our bodies, get the lymph flowing, and\nfacilitate the building of new tissues, and breaking down of old. We\nalso need the life- giving rays of the sun. We need to afford ourselves\noptimum levels of rest and sleep. Most of the body\u0026rsquo;s cells are\nregenerated during sleep. I could go more deeply into these topics, but\nmy time is limited, and I trust that you intuitively recognize the\nimportance of these factors in optimum and balanced health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"daily-meditation\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eDaily Meditation \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#daily-meditation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe live in a toxic world, surrounded by negativity, ignorance, and false\nprinciples. The best way to counteract the oftentimes cruel, cold, harsh\noutside world is via the practice of meditation. It is very simple and\nnatural. Essentially, establish yourself in a quiet, peaceful,\ncomfortable place, closing your eyes, completely stilling your body,\nquieting the mind, and going deep within, for at least 15 minutes per\nday, is highly beneficial and is highly recommended. There are many\n\u0026ldquo;techniques\u0026rdquo;/methods you can use to meditate. Find the one which works\nbest for you and your needs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"faith-perseverance-and-diligent-application-of-correct-principles\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFaith, Perseverance, and Diligent Application of Correct Principles \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#faith-perseverance-and-diligent-application-of-correct-principles\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is how successful people succeed (and keep succeeding). Keep in\nmind that Rome wasn\u0026rsquo;t built in a day, and neither was your body, mind,\nor soul. Realize that we need to undo many years of cooked food eating,\nfalse beliefs/ignorance, and other states of toxicity and negativity.\nThe key is to make up your mind, with a firm resolve, go with the flow,\nand trust in yourself, the Universe, and God. Also realize that all true\nknowledge comes from experience.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI must make mention from my own experience that I came to the point of\n100% raw eating due not solely to books, other people, etc., but rather\ndue to that inner voice, that inner signal, that inner knowing. If you\nfeel you are not ready to eat 100% raw at this time, that\u0026rsquo;s okay. You\nmay want to take it at your own pace and transition. Do not force\nyourself to do something you\u0026rsquo;re not ready for. It can be a shock to the\nsystem in many cases. Your body will tell you when it\u0026rsquo;s ready. That is\nwhat happened with me. It just came to a point (when I was eating on\naverage, 85-95% raw for many months) that my body just did not want any\ncooked food of any kind anymore. Once my body\u0026rsquo;s primal instinct came\nthrough in full force, I had all the incentive I needed. Cooked food was\nrecognized as being dead, devitalized, damaged, draining, boring, and\nbland to me. Discontinuing the ingestion of cooked food came naturally,\npainlessly, and effortlessly, and I have not looked back. I have\nreceived nothing but benefits, and in many ways, as a result of my 100%\nraw eating. Later, my body told me to fast, during a point of cooked\ncravings. I did, I was rejuvenated, and I am getting better continually\nnow. I am a work in progress, as are you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"final-thoughts\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eFinal thoughts \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#final-thoughts\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnjoy life! Release fears, negativity, false beliefs. LIVE! You are\npowerful. Do not allow anyone to influence you from your path or your\ngoals, dreams and aspirations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrust within yourself. The answers you need are within you!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThat is all for now.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI hope this message has been of some value to you.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Holistic Education", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/holistic-education/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/holistic-education/", "authors": [ { "name": "Sangeeta" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eLearning is an important fabric of who we are and what we are able to\nbecome. The process of leaning has the ability to change the world- for\nbetter or for worse.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThroughout history many great thinkers have commented on this subject\nand have ideas and learning techniques which if applied on a mass scale\nwould revolutionize our educational system as we know it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following are thoughts and ideas each individual has contributed to\nthe field of education.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"rudolf-steiner\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRudolf Steiner \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rudolf-steiner\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRudolf Steiner best known for his vision and creation of Waldorf\nschools. He has offered many visionary ideas to the field of education.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"child-development\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eChild Development \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#child-development\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis approach was a spiritual one where education revolved around the\nchild\u0026rsquo;s spiritual development. For example at the age of seven the\netheric body (emotional body) is developing, therefore all activities\nrevolve around and support emotional growth. The Waldorf curriculum\nemphasizes physical and emotional readiness and it engages the child\u0026rsquo;s\nbodies and artistic sensibilities in all subjects.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis teachings call for cultivation of free, active, imaginative thinking\ndeepened by affect, and strengthened by will. Waldorf does not solely\ndepend on technique and structure, but rather the development of human\ncapacities of children, and of the teachers and parents who are one\u0026rsquo;s to\nset an example for each child.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe idea that it takes a village to raise a child was is deeply engraved\ninto the Waldorf school system. Steiner stressed family involvement with\nthe schools and vice versa.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"arts-in-education\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eArts in Education \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#arts-in-education\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe also believed in using the arts to enhance and enrich the learning\nprocess. Steiner believed that art in education allows a connection\nbetween subject and object, and a sense of communion engendered in the\nfeeling life of the child.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"steiners-legacy\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSteiner\u0026rsquo;s Legacy \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#steiners-legacy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSteiner\u0026rsquo;s legacy to the world of education was that he offered an\nunderstanding of the developing human being, a curriculum that addresses\nthe stages of development, a way of teaching that engages the whole\nhuman being and a educational philosophy which encourages the student to\nbe self aware, compassionate, and to have a sense of responsibility\ntowards the earth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"rabindranath-tagore\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRabindranath Tagore \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#rabindranath-tagore\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRabindranath Tagore is world renowned for his literary work. His work is\nimbued with passion and vision which he extended into his philosophy of\neducation. He created a school called Santiniketan (peaceful dwelling)\nwhere he encouraged learning through experimentation and exploration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"child-and-nature\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eChild and Nature \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#child-and-nature\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe emphasized a child\u0026rsquo;s connection with nature and took great care to\nnurture this bond. He believed that every child came into this world\nwith a freshness of the senses which permitted him/her to relate\nintimately with nature. As an example of his support of nature in a\nchild\u0026rsquo;s environment his schools were completely outdoors. There were no\nchairs to sit on, for Tagore preferred woven mats. One of the reasons\nfor the mats was so that they would not get in the way of a child\u0026rsquo;s play\nspace. Play for a child was also a very important part of the\ncurriculum.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"simplicity-in-education\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSimplicity in Education \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#simplicity-in-education\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis classes were simple in every way. He was never extravagant with the\nstudents\u0026rsquo; environment, or with anything else to do with education. He\nbelieved that poverty led to a personal experience of the world, and the\nsimpler things were, the closer to poverty one could be. Too much\neducational apparatus, he suggested, suppresses sensitivity for the\nunique personality of each child. Therefore the classroom paraphernalia\nwas kept to a minimum. If a child needed to study astronomy, he wanted\nhis students to look at the sky first, get a first hand experience of\nit, and then go to study the subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"art-in-education\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eArt in Education \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#art-in-education\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLike Steiner, Tagore emphasized art in the learning process. He felt\nart, music, dance and theatre were stifled by intellectual information.\nHe likened it to hailstones falling on precious flowers. Each day in his\nclass was begun and ended with some sort of artistry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis commentary on modern education was harsh but bitterly true. He\neloquently stated that,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;We rob the child of this earth to teach him geography, of language to\nteach him grammar. His hunger is for Epic, but he is supplied with\nchronicles of facts and dates.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTagore considered education to be the means to self-reliance. He felt\nthat true education harmonizes an existence with nature and its real\ngoal should be to commune personally with the universe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"ralph-waldo-emerson\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eRalph Waldo Emerson \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#ralph-waldo-emerson\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmerson is also a great literary of his time, and has much to offer\ntoday\u0026rsquo;s educational system.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"education-of-the-scholar\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEducation of the Scholar \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#education-of-the-scholar\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmerson recommends the \u0026ldquo;education of the scholar by nature, by books,\nand by action.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLike other great thinkers before him, he felt that nature is a very\nimportant element in one\u0026rsquo;s learning process. The greater teacher is the\nworld, he thought, by which we learn the laws of nature. Of books he\nthought that one should read them, but to always remain autonomous of\nthought. Emerson felt that thought must become action in order to be\nuseful. He felt that whatever one learns, one must immediately put it\ninto practice otherwise it is forgotten and of no use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"spiritual-nature-of-the-child\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSpiritual Nature of the Child \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#spiritual-nature-of-the-child\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmerson urges students to realize their own greatness by calling upon\nour inner resources, for there in lies their illumination. He suggests\nthat to help one realize one\u0026rsquo;s inner greatness is the true aim of\neducation. To help one explore inner realms and to build moral character\nwas a very important aspect of his educational philosophy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmerson knew that in every child there lies a revolution, a miracle for\nthis world. Therefore it was no small task to educate a child. He had\ngrand ideas, and aspirations of how we may inspire a child. Yet he\nworked hard to awaken the educational system to this magic within every\nchild, and often his harsh analysis of the current educational system\nwas met with a bitter silence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow is an eloquent critique of the way educational system ignores the\nspiritual potential of its students and mainly focuses on teaching on an\nintellectual level.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;We do not teach them to aspire to be all they can. We do not give them\ntraining as if we believed in their noble nature. We scarce educate\ntheir bodies. We do not train the eye and the hand. We exercise their\nunderstandings to the apprehension and comparison of some facts, to a\nskill in numbers, in words; we aim to make accountants, attorneys,\nengineers, but not to make able, earnest, greathearted men.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe then suggests a greater purpose for education, one that brings out\nthe best in all those who are involved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;The great object of Education should be commensurate with the object of\nlife. It should be a moral one; to teach self-trust: to inspire the\nyouthful man with an interest in himself, with a curiosity touching his\nown nature; to acquaint him with the resources of his mind, and to teach\nhim that there is all his strength, and to inflame him with a piety\ntowards the Grand Mind in which he lives. Thus would education conspire\nwith the Divine Providence.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"creating-virtuous-students\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCreating Virtuous Students \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#creating-virtuous-students\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs far as method goes Emerson places first a respect for the pupils,\nencouraging their virtues, but disciplining their vices. He knew that\nfor every vice in a child there was a corresponding virtue, and virtue\nwas to be focused on. In doing this, his/her vice would disappear and\ntheir virtue would remain.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe also believed in allowing the child one\u0026rsquo;s own inspiration and\nperception, and the search for one\u0026rsquo;s own truth. In allowing a child to\ndo this, his/her divine mission would be revealed to them and their\nmoral characters would be built - this was the purpose of education.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"teachers-as-role-models\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTeachers as Role Models \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#teachers-as-role-models\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmerson told teachers that they must learn patience for each student\u0026rsquo;s\nlearning process just as Nature and Providence do. Most importantly he\ntells the teacher that in order for a child to learn how to be, the\nteacher should be a divine example.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHave the self-command you wish to inspire. Your teaching and discipline\nmust have the reserve and taciturnity of Nature. Teach them to hold\ntheir tongues by holding your own. Say little; do not snarl; do not\nchide; but govern by the eye. See what they need, and that the right\nthing is done.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis point is never emphasized in modern day classrooms, therefore it\nleads to disrespect and distrust between teachers and students. But when\nstudents are young they are extremely impressionable, and often times\nlook up to their teachers. It is of utmost importance that a teacher\nendowed with the responsibility of educating this child and most\nimportantly inspiring within him/her a curiosity for life, is a great\nexample to all students.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"emersons-gift\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEmerson\u0026rsquo;s Gift \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#emersons-gift\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf all the beautiful gifts Emerson gave to the world, the most important\nwas his revolutionary thought on education. If only we heed his advice\nand truly help to ignite the divine spark within all children, we would\ncreate a world where people were respected, animals and the earth\nprotected, and where finally, peace would have a chance to prevail.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"tim-galloway\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eTim Galloway \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#tim-galloway\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTim Galloway is the author of the best seller The Inner Game of Tennis.\nThough this book is geared towards students of tennis, he has many\nthoughts and ideas that can be applied to general education.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow are some of the concepts that he offers in his book. I have\nextrapolated and interpreted his ideas to make them relevant to the\nrealm of holistic education.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"over-teaching\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOver Teaching \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#over-teaching\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGalloway found that when he over-taught his students, meaning explained\nat length the details of how to hit the ball, what to think about etc.,\nhis students would rarely perform what was taught to them. It seemed\nthat the more he taught, the less they performed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany times in schools, the teachers tend to spend a lot of time with\nstudents explaining detailed concepts and ideas, instead allowing the\nstudents to teach themselves and each other. Most students who are not\nfollowing the teacher\u0026rsquo;s every word, tend to get lost and confused about\nthe subject matter which was quite simple, but explained in an extensive\nmanner.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"under-teaching\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eUnder Teaching \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#under-teaching\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the other hand Galloway found that when he did not say much to a\nstudent and just directed them gently, their performance would increase.\nBecause the student did not have much to think about, he/she followed\ninstinct instead of instructions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is important to not over-teach, but trust the student\u0026rsquo;s ability to\nteach oneself and others. The teacher\u0026rsquo;s duty is to inspire, not\nperspire. Therefore when students are under-taught and encouraged to\nteach themselves, they begin to explore the subject matter themselves\nand this tends to create a greater curiosity of the subject, and a\ncorrespondingly greater understanding too.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"self-oneself-two\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSelf One/Self Two \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#self-oneself-two\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Galloway, Self 1 is the self that speaks, that gives\ninstructions to Self 2 who is the doer. It is the struggle between Self\n1 and 2 which makes it difficult to learn. Often times Self 1 does not\ntrust Self 2 thereby constantly telling it what to do, and worse -\njudging every action Self 2 makes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the solutions to overcoming this inner battle between the two\nselves is what a student should learn in school. Self 1 works well\nthrough setting goals, and Self 2 learns through receiving images and\nfeelings, not words. In other words, a student should learn to set\ngoals/priorities in his/her life, and also they should learn visualizing\ntechniques which would help them to accomplish their goals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"complimentscriticisms\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCompliments/Criticisms \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#complimentscriticisms\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThrough his work, Galloway found a certain truth in the statement,\n\u0026ldquo;Compliments are criticisms in disguise.\u0026rdquo; For example when he was\nteaching a group of women how to make a certain shot, one of the women\nwas doing well, and he said to her, \u0026ldquo;Look how great your shots are, they\nare not even hitting the net.\u0026rdquo; Immediately thereafter, all the other\nwomen\u0026rsquo;s shots were not making it over the net. He realized he had set an\nimmediate standard in the women\u0026rsquo;s mind of a \u0026lsquo;good\u0026rsquo; and \u0026lsquo;bad\u0026rsquo; shot, and\nthereby creating a block which was hard to overcome.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn school we do similar things. When a student does well, meaning\nachieves certain grades, he/she is commended. But that leaves out most\nother students who may work just as hard if not harder. It is also\ndifficult for the students being commended, because they feel that they\nneed to keep their grades up to maintain a certain image. This is a lot\nof pressure for a student to handle. Since the deed is reward itself,\nlet\u0026rsquo;s teach this important lesson to students, and not stress them\nthrough shiny plaques and gold stars. It is truly impossible to judge\none event as positive without judging another as negative. Therefore it\nis best that teachers and students remain far from judgment, because\nthat is one thing that can really make the learning process difficult.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"effortless-concentration\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEffortless Concentration \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#effortless-concentration\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGalloway has some interesting ideas to offer in this subject. He\nstresses to his students to always watch the ball, listen to its sound,\nand not to look at the opponent. This is very helpful because the\nlearner remains focused on the task at hand and his/her mind is not\njumping all over the place. He found that deep concentration seemed to\nslow down time! Tennis players actually found that when they\nconcentrated deeply, it seemed as if the ball was actually reaching them\nslower than usual.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExtrapolating this information to the realm of holistic education is\nvery interesting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeople who try to educate themselves for a reason such as to receive a\ndegree or to be involved in a certain profession, won\u0026rsquo;t necessarily get\nthe results because they are not concentrating on the task at hand, but\nare always thinking about the future. They are doing the task for the\nwrong reasons, and therefore making the learning process very difficult\nfor themselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the student immerses oneself in learning and actually enjoys the\nwork, they are not worried about outcome and therefore the stress factor\nand the difficulties decrease enormously.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"zen\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eZen \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#zen\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;It is wisdom which is seeking for wisdom.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ancient tradition of Zen has much to teach the Western world not\nonly about how to live a peaceful existence, but also about education.\nThere have been hundreds of ancient monasteries where a student of Zen\nlearns nothing but of oneself. Quietly sitting, he/she learns how to be\nstill and to listen to the voice of their own soul. This quality is\ncertainly lacking in today\u0026rsquo;s educational system, yet if we learn from\nZen we will recognize a rich fountain of knowledge through which\nstudents come out alive and ready for life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are few Zen principles and ideas taught by Shunryo Suzuki, and\nother Zen practitioners which can prove to be most enlightening in this\nfield\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"beginners-mind\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBeginner\u0026rsquo;s Mind \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#beginners-mind\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;In the beginner\u0026rsquo;s mind there are many possibilities, but in the\nexpert\u0026rsquo;s there are few.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStudents should learn to always have a beginner\u0026rsquo;s mind. When students\nare awarded with metals because they have achieved something, they begin\nto feel like experts. We are breeding experts in today\u0026rsquo;s educational\nsystem. In other words we are breeding individuals who can not look\noutside their expert environment for solutions, therefore are left with\nfew possibilities. Instead a beginner\u0026rsquo;s mind is an empty mind, it is\nalways ready for anything; it is open to everything.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"pridediscouragement\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePride/Discouragement \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pridediscouragement\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf a student takes pride in his/her attainment, or becomes discouraged\nby their effort they will be met with a \u0026rsquo;thick wall\u0026rsquo; which will hinder\ntheir learning. According to Zen, pride and discouragement are the same\nthing - like heads and tails on the same coin. Where there is pride,\nthere will soon be discouragement, it is inevitable. Because these\nemotions do not contribute to inner calmness, rather to agitation of\nsome sort, the student who is striving will always be frustrated. We\nmust teach our students to do the work because it needs to be done, not\nbecause of some material gain.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"koans\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eKoans \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#koans\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinding one\u0026rsquo;s mind is a form of Zen education. In the Zen fashion, a\nkoan may be used to teach students to find the mind. However, a koan is\nnot an ordinary teaching method. A koan is a tool to invoke the\nstudent\u0026rsquo;s insight that does not depend on reasoning, ideas, and words.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot depending on reasoning, ideas and words! This would shock the\neducational system, for reliance on these three things is what their\nfoundation is laid upon. It would be very interesting to teach students\nhow not to always rely on their intellectual abilities, but on their\ninner voice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany students find themselves lost in the world, and can not decipher\nwhat to do with their lives. But if they were taught to be still and to\nlisten their inner guidance would direct them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"a-zen-reflection-on-modern-education\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eA Zen Reflection on Modern Education \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#a-zen-reflection-on-modern-education\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZen does not look fondly upon modern educational methods. From a Zen\nperspective, modern education has become an occupational training\nprogram to promote financial interest. Today, most students are\nconcerned with finding financial stability and material gain. Against\nthis trend, Zen education encourages students to seek spiritual\nstability. This, they believe, is a natural human inclination, while not\neveryone is talented to become a computer specialist or an investment\nbanker. Zen education guides students to know themselves, teaching them\nto be compassionate, understanding, and well- balanced individuals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThrough the eyes of Zen, education can have a revolutionary effect on\none\u0026rsquo;s spirit, unlike modern education which has become a mere process,\nrather than a transformation of one\u0026rsquo;s humanity. Education has become\nexcessively competitive and causes students to become self-centered and\nreward-seeking individuals who fail to know the true purpose of their\nlives. Centuries ago Indian and Chinese Buddhist monasteries provided\nfollowers with spiritual guidance as the core of education; on the other\nhand, universities today accentuate occupational training more than\nspiritual education.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"conclusions\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eConclusions \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#conclusions\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis has been a very brief synopsis of various educational philosophies\nand techniques. Throughout time we find that many of the same ideas come\nup over and over again. Perhaps it is time to heed the calls of great\nthinkers and awaken to a new way of teaching, which would inevitably\nbreed a new way of being.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTODO ā€¦\u003cbr\u003e\nlinks of relevance\u003cbr\u003e\nlibrary references\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "How Loving Touch Heals", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/bernarr-zovluck/how-loving-touch-heals/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/bernarr-zovluck/how-loving-touch-heals/", "authors": [ { "name": "Bernarr Zovluck" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Healing love\u0026rdquo; energy flows through \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; fingers into diseased\nparts of a sick person\u0026rsquo;s body, when \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; gently and lovingly touch\nsick parts of that body. It is the energy that heals, not the \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo;.\nThe healing energy does not come from the \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; own energy. This\nhealing energy comes from the vital \u0026ldquo;life\u0026rdquo; force flowing through all\nliving forms. Every cell in our bodies has \u0026ldquo;intelligence\u0026rdquo; that responds\nto this \u0026ldquo;life\u0026rdquo; energy and knows what to do in every situation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTouching it where it hurts is the most innate response to pain. The\n\u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; hands must come into contact with the sick person\u0026rsquo;s body. The\nsick area of the body always feel tense, rigid, taut, stiff, tight and\nresistant to the \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; touch.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; touch with their fingers and continue to touch the sick\narea, with thoughts of love. They continue to touch, with their fingers,\nuntil they can no longer feel tension in the sick area. They do not stop\ntouching the sick area of the body, till the sick person tells them that\nthe sick person feels well. When the \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; discern that the sick\narea of the body feels relaxed, they know that the sick person\nsubjectively feels well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the loving touch healing, teach the sick to close their eyes,\nkeep the eyes closed, to concentrate, to meditate, to feel, to think on\nthe discomfort in the sick area of the body. The sick person keeps the\neyes closed till the sick person no longer feels discomfort in that part\nof the body.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo;, with gentle, light pressure feel and examine with their\nfingers, the surface of the sick person\u0026rsquo;s body. They feel for any\nabnormal consistency of the parts in the area where the sick person\ncomplains of feeling discomfort. They touch and compare by feeling, the\nsick area of the body with other normal areas of the body near the sick\narea. They touch and feel the corresponding opposite \u0026ldquo;normal\u0026rdquo; part or\nside of the sick area of the body. The \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; touch \u0026ldquo;normal\u0026rdquo; areas of\nthe body near the sick area and the corresponding opposite \u0026ldquo;normal\u0026rdquo; part\nor side of the sick area. They do this so as to know what \u0026ldquo;normal\u0026rdquo; feels\nlike in that sick person\u0026rsquo;s body. This is done so as to ascertain if the\nsick part of the body is \u0026ldquo;normal\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;abnormal\u0026rdquo;, when compared with\n\u0026ldquo;normal\u0026rdquo; parts of the body. The \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; must concentrate on the sick\nperson\u0026rsquo;s sick part. They must \u0026ldquo;feel\u0026rdquo; that the sick part of the person is\nthe \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; own sick part, when the \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; touch the sick part. The\n\u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; must empathize and vicariously identify with the person\u0026rsquo;s sick\npart.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTeach sick persons that their bodies are constantly talking to them.\nTeach them to keep their eyes closed and feel, meditate, concentrate,\nthink on what their bodies are telling them to do. Teach them to do what\ntheir bodies tell them to do. Teach them that they can touch with their\nown fingers, sick parts of their own bodies and \u0026ldquo;heal\u0026rdquo; themselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf all living beings are touched lovingly, they will feel better and get\nbetter. Since all humans, animals and plants are made of the same vital\n\u0026ldquo;life\u0026rdquo; force, they receive the same life energy when lovingly touched,\nand will feel better and get better.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow does touching lovingly heal? No words are needed yet a communication\nof love is exchanged. It has been shown by Kirilian photography that\nthere is an energy emitted by humans. This subtle energy can transfer\ninformation directed by the mind, focussed by intention, attention and\nimagery. This healing energy is transmitted through the hands when\ntouching lovingly. It is capable of effecting the balance of cell\nmembranes and the DNA and thus the health of living cells. It also\ncreates a healthy change in the blood chemistry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe healing energy is called \u0026ldquo;chi\u0026rdquo; by the Chinese, \u0026ldquo;ki\u0026rdquo; by the Japanese\nand in India it is referred to as \u0026ldquo;parana\u0026rdquo;. This healing energy comes\nfrom the life force flowing through all living forms. Every cell in our\nbody has an intelligence that responds to this \u0026ldquo;life\u0026rdquo; energy and knows\nwhat to do in every situation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe swim in a sea of loving energy that interpenetrates and activates all\nour systems. A person is more than a body, but actually is the energy\nbeing used and received during this process.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe are all \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; of each other. Studies show that the human touch\nincreases the chances of survival among premature babies. Children who\nare touched often learn better, are happier and grow at their normal\nrate. A mothers touch eases a children pain. Even animals touch their\nyoung with this \u0026ldquo;love\u0026rdquo; energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo you remember when you last stubbed your toe? Didn\u0026rsquo;t you hold it in\nyour hand and rub it. We all have an innate instinct of healing\nour-selves. Through our fears and misguided direction, we have forgotten\nwhat we inherently should know.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe influence of touch, the \u0026ldquo;laying on of hands\u0026rdquo;, as it is called, is a\nvery old religious tradition and is being used right down to the\npresent. In our time, there are many evangelists and \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; who have\n\u0026ldquo;healed\u0026rdquo; incurables. There are successful \u0026ldquo;healings\u0026rdquo; by chiropractors\nand health practitioners when their patients, through manipulation,\nreceive this \u0026ldquo;healing\u0026rdquo; energy. We also receive a \u0026ldquo;healing\u0026rdquo; touch when we\nget a massage or during Reiki (Japanese word for universal life energy).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn ailing part of the body is reported as feeling better after\nmanipulation and touch. Improvement occurs far too frequently for its\nexplanation to be ignored. One international \u0026ldquo;healer\u0026rdquo; conducted a\ncontrolled laboratory experiment on uterine cervical cancer cells. After\ntouching a goodly number of cancer cells, the cancer cells all healed.\nThis was successfully repeated 30 times.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll one need do, is become a calm focused conduit for the \u0026ldquo;universal\nlife\u0026rdquo; energy and direct the energy to the sick persons problem area. The\nmore \u0026ldquo;hands on\u0026rdquo; direct contact with a part that needs healing, the more\nhealing love is transferred.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the \u0026ldquo;touch\u0026rdquo; healing, communicate non-verbally to the sick person:\n\u0026ldquo;I care about you\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;I love you\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;Your life matters to me\u0026rdquo;. Touch with\nyour heart wide open. The healthier and more loving the person doing the\ntouching, the better the healing results of the sick person.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHealing energy comes through the fingers of the \u0026ldquo;healer\u0026rdquo; into the sick\npart of the sick person\u0026rsquo;s body. A feeling of warmth or tingling is felt\nfrom the \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; hands. The person receiving the healing feels a\ngentle relaxing warmth throughout their body. This is the \u0026ldquo;chi\u0026rdquo;, the\n\u0026ldquo;ki\u0026rdquo;, the \u0026ldquo;parana\u0026rdquo; energy of love from the universe.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTouching lovingly is reassuring, nuturing and strengthens the sick\nperson\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;will to live\u0026rdquo;. Be motivated by a profound desire to heal and\ncommunicate the restorative energy to the sick person. The \u0026ldquo;healer\u0026rdquo; also\nbenefits from the process as the \u0026ldquo;healing love\u0026rdquo; energy flows through the\n\u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; body and out through the \u0026ldquo;healers\u0026rdquo; fingers. This is how the\nuniversal \u0026ldquo;life\u0026rdquo; energy responds for the service that is being\nperformed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLove is the most powerful healing energy and it is transferrable by\nlovingly touching. Our inability to love ourselves, or to receive or\ngive love to others, is the cause of all illnesses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eToday, make a conscious choice to take full responsibility for your own\nbody. Communicate with your body by the language it understands, \u0026ldquo;love\u0026rdquo;.\nThen listen to what it is telling you. The body makes itself known to us\nby how we feel. If you feel well, then you know you are expressing\n\u0026ldquo;love\u0026rdquo; in your life and to others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo Be Loving Is Never Having To Be Sorry.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "How to Lose All the Weight You Want and Keep It Off", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/bernarr-zovluck/how-to-lose-all-the-weight-you-want-and-keep-it-off/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/bernarr-zovluck/how-to-lose-all-the-weight-you-want-and-keep-it-off/", "authors": [ { "name": "Bernarr Zovluck" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eObesity is excessive accumulation of body fat. The study of fat and of\nobesity, is known as bariatrics. Fat is a pathological accumulation of\nunwanted tissue in the body. Obesity is a state of disease.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLess than 5% of patients who lose weight by traditional medical\napproaches keep their weight off indefinitely.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurgery for weight-loss is dangerous. Many (of these weight-loss)\npatients suffer problems associated with surgery that include infection,\nurinary stones, liver failure and heart failure. Surgery for weight\nloss, consists of gastroplasty (stomach stapling), intestinal bypass and\ngastric bypass, which all cause harmful complications. The surgeon goes\nin and removes part of one of the abdominal organs. The idea is that you\nput all the food that you wish into one orifice and it will come out the\nother orifice at the back. You have no assimilation. You can eat all you\nwant and you won\u0026rsquo;t accumulate fat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLiposuction is dangerous. Surgically removing the fat from a particular\narea or having your fat cells extracted with a suction device, can cause\nyou infection, disease and discomfort. In treating the fat symptoms\nwhile ignoring the real causes of your fat problem, the fat weight\nreturns in other parts of the body. The stomach bubble to lose weight\nproduces serious side effects.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t wear rubber or vinyl exercise suits, rubber belts and body wraps\nto lose weight. You have only a temporary water-weight loss which is\ndangerous. You can suffer serious dehydration and restrict circulation -\neven death from heatstroke - when you exercise under these conditions.\nThose lost inches have nothing to do with a loss of fat tissue, and they\nreturn in a few hours or days, as each cell fights to re-establish the\nproper water balance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo not use steam baths, sweat baths, sauna tone nor sweat suits, to lose\nweight. The weight you lose thereby is all water and salt. As a\nperspiring and roasting victim, you will regain all the lost weight,\nwhen you take a drink of water.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll diet drugs are unhealthy and dangerous and should not be used on a\nsensible weight loss program. All drugs that reduce weight do so by\nimpairing nutrition and by crippling the body. Do not take diet pills,\nappetite suppressors nor water pills. You can develop the following\nsymptoms as a result of taking them: Excitement, talkativeness,\nrestlessness, tremors, dizziness, hyperactive reflexes, nausea, dry\nmouth, vomiting, diarrhea, palpitations, fever, dehydration, mydriasis,\ntachycardia, hallucinations, delirium, mania, convulsions, coma and\ndeath in circulatory collapse. The billionairess Christine Onassis died\nat age 37, of taking such drugs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLiquid protein diets are dangerous because you will end up with\ngallstones, gall-bladder disease, damage your kidneys, pancreas and\nlungs. They are soil for putrefactive bacteria.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDiets don\u0026rsquo;t work! Try making permanent lifestyle changes that include\nsmarter eating, regular exercise and effective stress management. Watch\nwhat you eat, not how much. To lose weight and keep it off permanently,\nyou need to \u0026ldquo;rehabilitate\u0026rdquo; your metabolism. Each time you diet and\nrestrict your food, your metabolism slows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eT.C. Fry and Victoria Bidwell write that to lose weight you must become\nre- educated. \u0026ldquo;Weight loss is realized by the overweight person, not by\nhow much food is eaten or how much exercise is taken, but by WHAT KIND\nOF FOOD IS EATEN and how he (and she) manages his total life practices.\u0026rdquo;\nā€¦ \u0026ldquo;What is necessary is that the obese individual learn to eat the\nproper, natural food of his (and her) biological adaptation to the\nexclusivity of all modern, man-made, processed, devitalized,\nchemicalized food.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Herbert Shelton wrote, \u0026ldquo;The fat person who is unwilling to cultivate\nnew eating patterns must face the fact, so long as he persists in merely\nmodifying the eating pattern that is responsible for his overweight, he\nwill continue to reduce and grow fat by turns and never succeed in\nestablishing and maintaining a satisfactory weight.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;People become obese mainly from eating food that is devitalized. They\novereat because they are malnourished, and they are truly hungry. People\nwho consume fresh fruits and salads don\u0026rsquo;t overeat or become obese\nbecause the enzymes, minerals and vitamins are still intact in these\nfoods. When the body has fulfilled its requirement of these nutrients,\nit signals the brain that it is satisfied. Processed foods lack these\nnutrients; therefore, no signal is sent to the brain to stop eating.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou do not become overweight on a natural diet. If overweight and you go\non a natural diet consisting mainly of raw foods or natural, unprocessed\nfoods cooked as little as possible, your weight rapidly normalizes even\nif caloric intake exceeds usage!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can lose weight and eat all you want. It is absolutely essential to\ntotally masticate food. Food that is thoroughly liquefied in the mouth\nreleases its flavor and so is more pleasurable. Since the food is easily\nand completely digested, it is more filling, so again, fewer calories\nare more gratifying. This is one of the secrets of losing weight and\nkeeping it off forever. Slim people eat slowly, fat people eat fast. The\nfatter we are, the faster we eat, and vice versa. Concentrate on eating\nhealthy, nutritious food. Carefully remove every last lump from the food\nbefore swallowing them - drink your food and chew your drinks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEating this way will make you more conscious of what you are eating, and\nso less likely to eat junk food and other bad food, and again, less\nlikely to overeat. You will be less inclined to eat between meals. It is\nnearly impossible to overeat when the food is thoroughly chewed. The\ntrick is to liquefy the food. It takes 20 minutes for the brain to get\nthe message that the person has had enough to eat. That is why this\nmethod should work.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNever eat until you are very hungry. Every cell and part of your body\nmust be exercised before you eat. This is for the food you eat to be\nproperly metabolized. Create a demand for the food every time you eat.\nIf you put the best food in your body when you are not hungry to eat,\nthe food will create an overweight condition, dysfunction and pathology\nfor you.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf the body receives fewer than 1,100 to 1,200 calories per day, it\nautomatically slows its metabolism to conserve the available calories to\ncarry out its functions. Thus weight loss is not possible. To lose fat,\nnot less than the minimum calories must be consumed to keep the\nmetabolism rate high. Exercise must be done.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou grow weaker as you grow fatter. To lose weight, you need to burn\nmore calories. If you exercise when you diet, you make the weight come\noff as fat. Muscles, if their growth is promoted, will provide the\nground work of genuine physical beauty. Muscles, the more they grow, the\nmore beautiful they become. Bodily form, the perfect figure, can be\ndeveloped only by muscular development and proper control of weight by\nsensible eating. There is no other way to achieve and develop this\ndesirable element of genuine physical beauty.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFarmers know how to put fat on their hogs, cows and poultry. They\noverfeed their animals and limit their movement and activities. To speed\nup your metabolism, you must decrease the amount of fat in your body and\ndevelop more muscle. Muscle has a much higher metabolic rate than fat\nand burns more calories even when you are sleeping. Muscle weighs more\nthan fat. This is why body weight has very little to do with determining\nif you are overweight. The increase in metabolic rate with exercise\nlasts even after the exercise is finished. Dieting without exercise\nleads to muscle loss. Muscle cells are precious fat-burning factories.\nYour goal is to increase (not reduce) the body\u0026rsquo;s percentage of lean\nmuscle tissue so you can stay slim and enjoy more food.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou must exercise to lose weight. Exercise is the key. If you vigorously\nexercise before you eat, you will eat less. Most people are not\noverweight because they eat too much. They\u0026rsquo;re overweight because they\u0026rsquo;re\ninactive. Weight loss depends on creating a demand for the energy stored\nin fat tissue. Dieting just won\u0026rsquo;t do the trick, because no matter how\nfew calories you take in, they must be used somehow, or they will be\nstored. Exercise promotes weight loss by helping to regulate appetite.\nAppetite refers to the food we crave, while hunger refers to the\nnutrition the body needs. You must learn not to want what you should not\nhave.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMuscles cannot turn to fat, contrary to popular conception, that if you\nstop exercising regularly, muscles will turn to fat. Muscle and fat\n(adipose) are two separate and distinct tissues. They simply do not have\nthe physical capability of changing from one type of tissue to another.\nExercising while dieting (and forever after) perseveres and helps build\nmore muscle, allowing you to maintain your ideal weight permanently on\nmore calories. No diet aid can firm you up-only exercise can.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLean muscle has the highest resting metabolic (calorie burning) rate of\nany tissue. The more muscle you have, the more calories you burn, day\nand night! Muscle burns calories even at rest, while fat tissue is\nvirtually dead weight. Loss of calorie-gobbling lean muscle tissue makes\nit easier to regain lost fat weight on fewer maintenance calories after\nyour diet is over, contributing to the familiar \u0026ldquo;yo-yo\u0026rdquo; syndrome.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMuscles burn fuel. When you lose muscle tissue, your ability to\nmetabolize the calories you consume, is decreased. If you switch back to\nnormal eating patterns at the end of the diet, you may actually gain the\nweight back faster than you lost it. Do those vigorous exercises that\nyou feel good doing. You can exercise anywhere. Exercise whenever you\nwatch T.V., listen to the radio or audio tape, etc..\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo exercises that are progressively stressful or resistant. Do exercises\nthat are comfortable and safe, that you enjoy, that suit your\nlife-style, at a convenient facility or program, at a convenient time of\nday or night, as long and as frequently as possible, as regularly as\npossible and that you will follow throughout your life. Exercise every\npart of your body as vigorously as possible every day. Be aware of each\nbodily part.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExercise until the resulting fatigue is a delicious languor that woos\nand wins sleep. Start exercise with an amount that is easy to perform.\nAdvance gradually and increase it slowly. Muscles should be contracted\nto their fullest extent and joints should be carried through their full\nrange of possible movement. Place great demands upon your body and\nwithin reasonable limits. A short period of intense, vigorous exercise\nis better than a long period of mild exercise.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany women wrongly object to their doing exercise when they contend, \u0026ldquo;I\ndon\u0026rsquo;t want large muscles. I don\u0026rsquo;t want to look like a man.\u0026rdquo; Women\ngenerally cannot develop large muscles under any circumstances. Only\nthose persons who have long muscle bellies and short tendon attachments\ncan build large muscles. Women generally do not have these. Women are\nlimited in muscular size and strength by their hormones.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo lose weight, do as little aerobic exercises as you can. Aerobic\nexercises (with oxygen), do not help you to lose weight. Aerobic\nexercise only helps you gain endurance and will take you forever to burn\nup your fat. Aerobic exercises are light exercises such as: long\ndistance cycling, long distance rowing, long distance running, long\ndistance swimming, ballroom dancing, tap dancing, walking, jogging,\ncross-country skiing, calisthenics, typing, etc..\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo lose weight and fat, do anaerobic exercises (not using oxygen,\nwithout oxygen). Anaerobic exercises are sprinting, running up stairs\nrapidly, jumping high, long and vertically with intensity, rapid\ncycling, rapid rowing, rapid swimming, weight throwing, weight lifting\nwith low repetitions, hand balancing, gymnastics, chins, parallel bar\ndips, roman rings, rope climbing, tubing, bands, pulleys, wrestling and\nmartial arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnaerobic exercises are intense exercises that can be tolerated for only\na few moments. They are short bursts of all out activities. They are\nactivities using muscle groups at high intensities that exceed the\nbody\u0026rsquo;s capacity to use oxygen to supply energy. They create an oxygen\ndebt by using energy produced without oxygen. They are activities in\nwhich oxygen demands of muscles are so high that they rely upon an\ninternal metabolic process for oxygen.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is essential that correct eating patterns be learned to succeed with\na weight loss program. You need eating habits with which you can live\nfor the rest of your life, not just for the time you are trying to lose\nweight.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo not do any of the following: overeat, eat foods cooked too much, eat\nunnatural foods, eat artificial foods, eat adulterated foods and eat\nfoods with additives, chemicals and other synthetic products.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo not use additives. Flavor enhancing additives can irritate your\ndigestive system or overstimulate other organs. Avoid the harmful\nadditives: sugar, salt, pepper, spices, condiments, ketchup, mayonnaise,\nbutter, cream, dressings and toppings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo none of these nutritional malpractices: drink alcoholic beverages,\ndrink coffee, tea, soda, or soups, eat cake, candy, ice cream, canned\nfoods, bread, smoke tobacco or take drugs. Understanding the good and\nbad qualities of your food sources, will help you make healthier food\nselections.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo lose weight, you must do all you can of the following: eat and drink\nproperly, intense, progressive, resistance exercise, be free of toxins,\nfast whenever ill, sleep, rest, meditate, avoid incorrect overindulgence\nin sex, sunbathe, air bathe, maintain emotional poise, be aware and\ncorrect all physical, mental and spiritual dysfunctions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncorrect overindulgence in sex with resultant loss of nutrients in\nmen\u0026rsquo;s and women\u0026rsquo;s ejaculations, causes fat gain and loss of muscle. With\nejaculation, nutrients designed for other vital organs, are sidetracked\ninto the production of reproductive materials. This depletion results in\ninsufficient nutrients being supplied to the various biological systems\nand vital organs. Prize fighters, racehorses and other athletes who want\nto win, abstain from sex before a contest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSunbathe and air bathe in the nude, each bodily part, daily. Sunlight\nand fresh air aid the nutritive processes of the body. They increase the\nblood supply to the muscles. They help burn up fat and develop muscles.\nThey help lose weight. Sunlight helps the obese to lose weight. F.\nEllinger writes that experimental animals that receive sunlight\ntreatments lose weight, as compared to animals given the same diet but\nnot the sunlight treatment. R. D. Gabovich writes that sunlight\nstimulates the thyroid gland to increase hormone production. Dr. Zane R.\nKime writes, \u0026ldquo;Stimulation of the thyroid gland (by sunlight) increases\nthe body\u0026rsquo;s basal metabolism rate, burning up more energy or calories.''\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI. Bing writes that when sunlight strikes the skin, it also increases\nthe tone of the muscles, under the exposed skin. This in turn, burns\nmore calories and would increase weight loss.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLose weight and raise your metabolism while you sleep. Sleep completely\nnude. Do not wear any clothes, undergarments, pajamas, etc.. Do not\ncover yourself with sheets, blankets, covers, etc.. Keep the windows\nopen as wide as possible, to let in the fresh air and let out the impure\nair. When you are completely nude and uncovered in the fresh air, you\nwill raise your metabolism much greater than if you were to take the\nthyroid hormone, thyroxine to raise your metabolism. You will lose all\nthe weight you want, develop better skin and muscle tone, also, by this\nmethod.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSleep, meditate and close your eyes, all you can. Fat is lost and\nmuscles are built while sleeping, meditating and closing your eyes. Fat\nis not lost and muscles are not built during periods of exercise.\nClosing your eyes, rests your brain and mind. An electric rhythm starts\nas soon as the eyes close and ceases immediately when they open. This\nrhythm serves to clear \u0026ldquo;negative charges\u0026rdquo; from the brain. Activity of\nthe eyes prevents recuperation from occurring. Closing your eyes is\nnature\u0026rsquo;s great restorative healing process.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhy do you become fat? Emotional reasons. Either you are frustrated,\nbored, angry, have anxiety complexes, lonely or depressed and you try to\nfill a vacuum, so you start to eat. You don\u0026rsquo;t eat out of hunger. You eat\nbecause you want to nurture yourself. You must learn to eat correctly,\nto satisfy hunger and to provide needed nutrients.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaintain emotional stability. Correct your worries, fears, griefs,\nanxieties, jealousies, stresses, frustrations, nervousness, neurosis,\npsychosis, depression, phobias and compulsions. Negative emotions drain\nyour energies and cause a gain of fat weight.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t weigh yourself daily. Rely, instead, on how your clothes fit, and\nhow your body feels. Your goal is not a number; it is to look and feel\nhealthy and attractive. Your eyes (and clothes) are all you need to know\nwhether you have reached that goal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLook at every part of your body in the mirror, daily in the nude, to see\nyour defects and where you need to lose weight. Those overweight parts\nof your body are the areas where you should lose your weight. Look at\nyourself. Remove all of your clothing, stand in front of a full-length\nmirror and take a good look at yourself. Be your own judge. If you see\nrolls, ripples or dimples, it\u0026rsquo;s probably time to lose some weight. Be\nobjective. If you don\u0026rsquo;t like what you see in the mirror-change it. The\nevidence increasingly shows that changing habits-eating less, exercising\nmore-may be more important than simply losing pounds. Everybody can lose\nall the weight they want, in any parts of their bodies, that they so\nchoose. Whether you want to lose 5 or 100 or more pounds, you can! If\nyou lose just one pound per week, in one year, you will lose 52 pounds!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t wait until tomorrow. Start NOW to lose all the weight you want to,\nby following the program indicated herein. Become more handsome,\nbeautiful and healthier, NOW! LOSE ALL THE WEIGHT YOU WANT and KEEP IT\nOFF ALWAYS ā€¦ EVERYBODY CAN!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "How to Select Fruit", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/how-to-select-fruit/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/how-to-select-fruit/", "authors": [ { "name": "Big George" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eSome ideas and suggestions for selecting fruit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"how-to-select-fruits\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHow to Select Fruits \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#how-to-select-fruits\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBuy in season when quality is highest and prices lowest.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t buy more than you will use before they perish. Use it as soon\nas possible they will have a better taste.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t buy damaged fruit unless damage is slight and you will use it\nimmediately.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBe careful how you handle fruit in stores so you don\u0026rsquo;t ruin the\nfruit for others.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFruit should only be eaten when ripe. Some foods (bananas can be\npurchased green and ripened at home.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTry to purchase organic fruit as much as possible for they are not\nsprayed with pesticides.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmell the produce and see if there is an unpleasant odour coming\nfrom the fruit.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf fruit doesn\u0026rsquo;t taste right it is better to disregard it than\ndisregard your health.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"here-are-some-tips-for-specific-fruits\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eHere are some tips for specific fruits: \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#here-are-some-tips-for-specific-fruits\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"apples\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eApples \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#apples\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeasons\u003c/em\u003e: October through March.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eTypes\u003c/em\u003e: Golden Delicious, Red Delicious, Pippin, Golden Grimes,\nMcIntosh, Jonathan and Winesap.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSelecting\u003c/em\u003e: Organic if possible. Apples are one of the most sprayed\nfruits. Apples should be firm and crisp with bright and shiny skin.\nColor is a sign of maturity in apples - high in color indicates\nmaturity - and only apples picked when mature will have good flavor and\ntexture.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"apricots\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eApricots \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#apricots\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeason\u003c/em\u003e : June through July\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSelecting\u003c/em\u003e : Look for plump, juicy looking apricots with a uniform\ngolden- orange hue. When ripe they will gently yield to pressure. Due to\nthe short growing season dried apricots are very popular. Avoid sulfur\ncovered dried apricots and buy organic if available.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"avocados\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAvocados \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#avocados\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeason\u003c/em\u003e : Available all year.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSelecting\u003c/em\u003e : Very important to eat avocados when just ripe, when it has\na buttery consistency and a mild flavor. Best to buy avocados when they\nare hard and firm. Take them home, place them in a brown paper bag and\nlet them ripen at room temperature. Select avocados of uniform colors\nand free of cracks. Don\u0026rsquo;t buy avocados with dark, sunken spots in\nirregular patches or cracked surfaces.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"bananas\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eBananas \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#bananas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeason\u003c/em\u003e : Available all year.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSelecting\u003c/em\u003e : It is best to buy bananas when green for ripening at home,\nwhere ripening conditions can be controlled. Bananas are usually\n\u0026lsquo;gassed\u0026rsquo; to facilitate ripening. Bananas have a good protective skin so\nthe flesh isn\u0026rsquo;t exposed to chemical sprays. Select bananas free from\nsurface bruises with skin intact at both tips. Don\u0026rsquo;t buy bananas which\nare bruised, discolored, or dull and grayish which means they have been\nheld in cold storage and will never ripen properly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"oranges\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eOranges \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#oranges\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeason\u003c/em\u003e : December through June.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eTypes\u003c/em\u003e : Navels, Temples, Tangelos, Valencia\u0026rsquo;s, Tangerines, Tangerines,\nPineapple oranges.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSelecting\u003c/em\u003e : Color of the skin is no indication of quality or ripeness.\nThe skin of the first crops of mature oranges in November are green or\ngreenish, but mature oranges are ready for harvest and eating, even when\nthe skin is green. They are, however, not as sweet as oranges harvested\na month or so later on. California growers \u0026lsquo;orange\u0026rsquo; their green fruit by\ngassing; Florida shippers put the oranges through a colored wax bath (a\n\u0026rsquo;nontoxic\u0026rsquo; food coloring and wax). because they believe the added color\nwill make the fruit more saleable. Firm heavy oranges are full of juice.\nAvoid lightweight fruit and a very rough surface, which usually\nsignifies a thick skin and a smaller orange.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"papayas\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePapayas \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#papayas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeasons\u003c/em\u003e : Some of the fruit is available all year long.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSelecting\u003c/em\u003e : Select fruit that has some golden yellow or orange\nstreaks, which is a sign that it has not been picked to green and will\nbe apt to ripen properly. If you select papaya with at least 35% of the\nskin streaked yellow , they will ripen completely in two or three days\nat room temperature. When a papaya is totally yellow to orange and\nyields to gentle pressure, it is then ready for eating. Avoid mushy\npapayas, or fruit with dark patches, which signify age and decay. The\ntaste should be sweet and lucious.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"mangos\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eMangos \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#mangos\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeasons\u003c/em\u003e : May through August.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSelecting Fruit\u003c/em\u003e : Mango can be bought green and ripened at room\ntemperature. It is best to select mangos which are starting to show\nsigns of ripening, rather then totally hard and green, or totally ripe.\nHaden Mangos are ready to eat when it is yellow/orange, only slightly\nfirm, yielding to gentle pressure. The Carrie mango is large and green.\nIt turns a paler green and develops dark speckles as it ripens. When\nripe enough for full flavor and enjoyment, it is slightly firm, yielding\nto pressure. Mangos have a tough peel which is a good protective coat\nagainst pesticides.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Human Exceptionalism", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/human-exceptionalism/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/human-exceptionalism/", "authors": [ { "name": "KG" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eHuman Exceptionalism is the latest term to buzz around to describe the\nphenomenon of human supremacy. It is a clever term I would say, as it\ndoesn\u0026rsquo;t have the bigot aura that supremacist carries. But in essence it\nmeans the same thing even if its users deny it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExceptionalism suggests uniqueness. Many animal righton arguments seek\nto downplay human uniqueness and trivialize it in order to boost the\nmoral position of nonhumans. Exceptionalism counters that human\nuniqueness is real and significant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI agree. So did Mark Twain:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMan is the Reasoning Animal. Such is the claim. I think it is open to\ndispute. Indeed, my experiments have proven to me that he is the\nUnreasoning Animal. Note his history, as sketched above. It seems\nplain to me that whatever he is he is not a reasoning animal. His\nrecord is the fantastic record of a maniac. I consider that the\nstrongest count against his intelligence is the fact that with that\nrecord back of him he blandly sets himself up as the head animal of\nthe lot: whereas by his own standards he is the bottom one. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.thoughtco.com/the-lowest-animal-by-mark-twain-1690158\"\u003eThe\nLowest\nAnimal\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe fact that humans can torture and take pleasure from knowing they are\ncausing others pain and misery and erect stadiums where they observe\nothers committing tortures - that is also an example of human\nexceptionalism. The gang of youths who tricked their way into someone\u0026rsquo;s\nhouse and forced a mother and son to engage in a sex act and poured\ntoxic chemicals in the son\u0026rsquo;s eyes, that\u0026rsquo;s human exceptionalism too.\nExceptionalism doesnt necessarily mean superiority but the proponents of\nhuman exceptionalism intend it that way. In the final analysis its the\nsame ol human supremacy belief and can be refuted the same way as every\nother kind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo let\u0026rsquo;s do it!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAny quality you put forth to claim humans are special and deserve a\ndouble standard morality has TWO problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first is that no matter how you slice it, that quality is subjective\npersonal opinion and not absolute truth/fact. Nature and or invisible\ndeities cannot be shown to care or make judgements. If humans were truly\ndeserving of special treatment, would not Nature demonstrate this in\nsome fashion? Wouldn\u0026rsquo;t gravity or the weather exhibit different\ncharacteristics towards humans than nonhumans? How in the world could we\nclaim that this superiority is anything other than personal bias when we\nhave no concrete evidence for it any more than we would have for racial\nexceptionalism or gender exceptionalism or religious exceptionalism?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI am ignoring all the examples where nonhumans are exceptional at\nqualities humans lack. This is ultimately window dressing and the\ndiehard stubborn thick-headed human supremacist will simply dismiss such\nthings as trivial since it goes against their narrow delusional world\nview. The most obvious proof that human supremacy is a fraud and last\nrefuge of an idiot is that humans prey on other humans. Anyone who locks\ntheir door at night is not really a human supremacist. They do not trust\nother humans to respect this so- called superior worth of humans. Deep\ndown we know this is just a fantasy story well tell ourselves to boost\nconfidence or justify exploiting others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis leads to the second problem.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince humans do prey on other humans in a regular fashion, and since\nhuman supremacy cannot be proven to be anything other than personal\nopinion, it means that a racial supremacist/exceptionalist or a\nreligious supremacist/ exceptionalist or a gender\nsupremacist/exceptionalist or any other kind of\nsupremacist/exceptionalist besides a human supremacist/exceptionalist\ncan justify their favorite type of discrimination/exploitation against\nhumans by using the talking points of . wait for it a human\nsupremacist/exceptionalist. You cannot very well claim that humans are\nspecial and deserving of double standard morality as a personal opinion,\nand then expect other humans who have different personal opinions from\nyours to tow the line when there is no absolute or objective reason to\ndo so. Even with all the laws and religious teachings in place, humans\nstill find every excuse to steal, attack, rape, kill other humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlways have - probably always will!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe reason you have to, MUST acknowledge equal consideration status for\nnonhumans, if you are too selfish or callous to do so for compassion or\nrespect of an equal, is to close this loophole that would let people you\ndisagree with from justifying their position using your own impossible\nto prove beliefs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s that simple.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMorality is not perfect. The inability to avoid all harm to nonhumans\ndoes not negate the principle. The failure to eliminate homicide or\nchild abuse (or choosing to save the life of a familiar over a stranger\nin an emergency situation) does not justify concentration camps. The\nsame can be said for farms and vivisection labs. If humans want laws to\ncurb their behavior they must extend this to other beings out of\nfairness. Only humans require such laws and can be held to them-non\nhumans obviously cannot, and to punish them because they cannot do\nsomething you know they cannot do is as fair as expecting a blind man to\nread a warning sign.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMorality does not follow a human created hierarchy. If human problems\nalways come first then one could further refine and prioritize them\nbased on the importance of race, gender, age, religion etc. That\nself-predatory human problem hangs on the neck of a human supremacist\nlike the proverbial albatross.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNonhuman exploitation by humans is due in large part to domestication\nwhich requires immense effort to maintain. By contrast, human slavery,\nchild abuse, and homicide have existed as long as humans have, and will\nlikely continue to do so in some form as long as humans can reproduce.\nThe elimination of the former is actually a more realistic hope.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "I Am an Each", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:57-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/garth-harvey/i-am-an-each/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/garth-harvey/i-am-an-each/", "authors": [ { "name": "Garth Harvey" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eSome time ago the knowledgeable ones in government decided to spend\nmillions of dollars TO DEVELOP a community\u0026rsquo;s capacity to look after its\npeople. This brought thoughts of earlier days to mind. It is spring in\nManitoba where, in spring, there is a window of only a few weeks when\neverything has to be done if one wants a harvest in the fall. I thought\nof the Wilsons, a young couple just starting out on their own farm.\nTragedy!! Eric broke his right leg.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI do not know how the word was spread, but on the weekend neighbours\ncame from miles around. Neighbours literally lived miles away in those\ndays. The men came with their horses and implements. The women came with\ntheir pots, pans and skill to organize. The children came with their\nrakes, brooms and brushes. Sunday evening all went home, but soil was\ntilled, the seeds planted, the live stock had clean and tidy buildings,\nthe fences were mended, there was food in the pantry and preserves in\nthe cellar. Everything was done that could be done to ensure a harvest,\nand the government never knew it happened.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach did their bit and it does not get much better than that.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFast forward seventy years to a small city in the middle of an Island\nhalf a continent away. An elderly woman who had once promised to \u0026lsquo;ā€¦love\nand cherish until deathā€¦\u0026rsquo; was caring of her man who suffered from\nAlzheimer\u0026rsquo;s. The stress of caregiving was becoming unbearable. But the\npressure from family, friends and the medical profession to place her\nhusband in an institution was driving her up the wall.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith the help and understanding of a few people who honoured and\nrespected her dream she was able to keep her promise. Joe died in his\nown house, in this own bed, in the care of his own chosen partner. And\nagain the government did not know it happened.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach gave a little of themselves, and it can not get much better than\nthat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn my world, at least the metaphysical one, \u0026ldquo;Man is not an Island\u0026rdquo;. Each\nis the ocean whose attitudes and actions lave the shores of all the\nislands.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach is important.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Bluebird", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/bluebird/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/bluebird/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eLast night I dreamt of a bluebird\u003cbr\u003e\nA beautiful warm hue of blue\u003cbr\u003e\nYou keep dancing into my reality\u003cbr\u003e\nBluebird do you I know you?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour feathers velvety smooth\u003cbr\u003e\nYou flew gracefully up above\u003cbr\u003e\nWinding and twisting joyously\u003cbr\u003e\nFor you I felt such love\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-bluebirdbike.jpg\" alt=\"y-bluebirdbike.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a child I had a bike called Bluebird\u003cbr\u003e\nWhich I loved to ride all day\u003cbr\u003e\nI liked the film called Bluebird\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd the magical adventure they take\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDifferent people have begun to use\u003cbr\u003e\nThe metaphor of calling me a bird\u003cbr\u003e\nPeople who have not met each other\u003cbr\u003e\nWhat is the message I have heard?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen I just had written the last verse\u003cbr\u003e\nI received an email from a friend\u003cbr\u003e\nIn which they called them self a night bird\u003cbr\u003e\nTo synchronicity there is no end\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBluebird what are you telling me?\u003cbr\u003e\nWhat would you like to say?\u003cbr\u003e\nLast night I watched you softly\u003cbr\u003e\nRevel in your play\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs you glided over me\u003cbr\u003e\nMy heart whispered this line\u003cbr\u003e\nIf I was a bird I would want to be you\u003cbr\u003e\nSplendid and divine\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBluebird sing your song\u003cbr\u003e\nLife is on your side\u003cbr\u003e\nYou cannot get it wrong\u003cbr\u003e\nFly forever dignified\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou are delicate and gentle\u003cbr\u003e\nGraceful and free\u003cbr\u003e\nYet the strength to fly dynamic and high\u003cbr\u003e\nCould that be me?\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Buddha and the Limping Lamb", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/buddha-and-the-limping-lamb/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/buddha-and-the-limping-lamb/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThere are many stories told about Buddha the Compassionate One. They\ncarry the eternal message with a simplicity that any child can\nunderstand. Here is one of those gems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Buddha is taking a walk. He gazes at the beauty of the flowers of\nthe field and says: \u0026ldquo;O trees and flowers of the field! How trustfully\nyou turn your faces to the sun! And how trustfully nightingales and\ndoves take shelter in you! Alas! man hurts the birds and slays the\nanimals! The wisdom of man is drenched in blood!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA herd of goats and sheep passes by. The Buddha finds that the herdsman\nis driving them with difficulty: there is an injured lamb who is limping\nand slowing the herd down. Affectionately, the Buddha takes the limping\nlamb on his shoulder. The herdsman tells him that the animals, 100 goats\nand sheep in total, are being taken to the king for sacrifice this\nevening. The Buddha, carrying the lamb, chooses to accompany the\nherdman.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt the place where sacrifice is to happen, the man in charge is about to\nstrike the sword against the first goat, when suddenly the Buddha\nexclaims \u0026ldquo;Great king! let not the man strike! Take my life as a\nsacrifice, O king! and spare the goat!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe words of the holyman move the heart of the king, who then asks the\nBuddha to speak to the people. And the Buddha says:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;O men! you can take life easily but, remember, none of you can give\nlife! So, have mercy, have compassion! And, never forget, that\ncompassion makes the world noble and beautiful. Remember, too, that all\nliving beings are linked together in maitri [friendliness,\ncompassion]. Therefore, resolve that you will live on bloodless diet.\nVerily, in gentleness is the crown of life!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe next day, a decree is proclaimed by the king. The order goes forth\nthat none shall henceforth kill for sacrifice or for private pleasure.\nFor life is one through mercy and compassion.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Canadian Horse Defence Coalition", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sinikka/canadian-horse-defence-coalition/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sinikka/canadian-horse-defence-coalition/", "authors": [ { "name": "Sinikka" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe Canadian Horse Defence Coalition was founded in 2004 for the sole\npurpose of ending the horrific practice of horse slaughter in Canada and\nthe export of live horses for the same purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a committed vegan, I am opposed to the exploitation of any living being, so it was after a\ngreat deal of thought that I decided to develop a campaign to\nspecifically help the horse. There were several reasons for my decision.\nOne, I had been involved in the rescue of PMU (Pregnant Mare Urine)\nfoals since 1997 and had horses of my own. These animals had touched my\nheart simply because I spent a lot of time observing their ways and\ntrying to learn their language. They had impressed me as being\nintelligent, intuitive, and loyal. I could tell many stories about how\nwonderful they are, but one easily illustrates the depth and sensitivity\nof horses:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn a cold, slippery winter day, I slid down to the paddock to give my\nhorses, Montana and Misty, their feeding of hay. Right after I had\nthrown the flakes of hay into the feeder, I slipped and fell on my\nback. Misty, who had grabbed a mouthful of hay as it was dropped,\nstopped in mid-chew and left the feeder to lean over the fence toward\nme. When I eased myself to my feet, she carefully inspected my back,\nup and down. It was clear that she was concerned about the accident\nand wanted to make sure that I was not badly injured. Of course,\nhorses themselves, being \u0026ldquo;prey\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;flight\u0026rdquo; animals, are extremely\nconcerned about falling, thereby making themselves vulnerable to\npredators. She had extended that concern to me. I then realized that I\nwas part of the herd.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI also felt that stopping the slaughter of horses (possibly humankind\u0026rsquo;s\n\u0026ldquo;third best friend\u0026rdquo; after the dog and the cat) seemed to be an easier\nbattle than asking the country to stop eating meat altogether. Of\ncourse, there is nothing less cruel about the mass butchery of cows,\npigs, sheep, and other sentient beings, I argued with myself. But horses\nare \u0026ldquo;flight\u0026rdquo; animals with long, mobile necks; they become agitated very\neasily, and are thus extemely difficult to kill humanely. For this\nreason, their suffering in the stun box, I reasoned, may be more\nprolonged than that of other species. But, in truth, they ALL suffer and\nare terrified, I countered. Slaughter is inherently wrong, no matter who\nthe target. It is the ultimate act of betrayal toward another living\nbeing with whom we share the earth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe horse won, at least for the time being, because I had to start\nsomewhere.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst, I decided to gauge public opinion in Canada on the topic of horse\nslaughter. In May 2004, an Ipsos-Reid poll showed that 2/3 (64%) of\nCanadians are opposed to the slaughter of horses for human consumption.\nThis was a healthy majority (even with very little public awareness work\nhaving been conducted in Canada up to that point), so I knew that a\ncampaign could be launched with confidence. The next job at hand would\nto let the world know how Canadian citizens feel about horses being\nslaughtered for meat, so a media release was sent out and a website\nstarted, \u003ca href=\"http://www.defendhorsescanada.org/\"\u003eCanadian Horse Defence\nCoalition\u003c/a\u003e. The response was nothing\nshort of amazing. E-mails and telephone calls began to pour in. Horse\nlovers from all over the country, even from the United States (where the\nbattle to stop horse slaughter had already been raging for years)\ncontacted CHDC to offer their help and support. The movement to stop\nhorse slaughter seemed to develop a power of its own. It would be\nseveral years before the coalition would become a dissemination arm for\nundercover work conducted at Canadian equine slaughterhouses. In the\nmeantime, we organized ourselves with a board of directors and several\nstrong writers who cranked out articles and letters to government and to\nother organizations. Some excellent donors stepped forward with their\nsupport. We started to send out \u0026ldquo;alerts\u0026rdquo; in order to let supporters know\nhow they could help. Through the assistance of an international society\ncalled \u003ca href=\"https://wildaid.org\"\u003eWildAid\u003c/a\u003e, we were able to do a launch of\nour campaign to end horse slaughter in Canada: the spokesperson was\nactor Bo Derek, well-known for her advocacy work for horses and\nwildlife. By this time we had secured hundreds of supporters, and their\nnumbers continue to grow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI\u0026rsquo;m proud to be working with the amazing group of people who form the\nboard of directors of CHDC. Although differences of opinion can occur,\ndecisions are quickly made after democratic discussion, and no one is\nleft feeling like they are \u0026ldquo;not heard\u0026rdquo;. There appear to be no ego issues\nwithin the group. These are mature, sensitive - yet logical -\nindividuals who share the same goal. Over the years, we have developed\npat answers to deal with those from the other side of the fence who\nattempt to undermine our work. For example, pro-slaughter people are\nforever trying to pummel us with their propaganda, somehow thinking\nperhaps that we will cave to their arguments. A favourite question is,\n\u0026ldquo;What will happen to all the unwanted horses if you succeed in stopping\nhorse slaughter?\u0026rdquo; We respond with a long list of where the so-called\nunwanted horses can go, but the most important point is the fact that an\nend to slaughter will automatically result in a reduction of careless\nbreeding practices since the slaughter option will have been removed. We\nusually don\u0026rsquo;t hear from those folks again, because they are often\nbreeders who send their \u0026ldquo;culls\u0026rdquo; to slaughter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen horse slaughter becomes a chapter in Canada\u0026rsquo;s history books, we\nwill still be working. CHDC runs a program called \u0026ldquo;Horse Protection\nInitiatives\u0026rdquo;, which encourages the adoption of horses from qualified\nrescue centres (rather than from breeders), and assists with euthanasia\ncosts for elderly, lame, sick and otherwise compromised horses who would\nbenefit from a quiet, peaceful ending to life. We have talked about\nexpanding this program to include assistance with gelding (castration)\ncosts. There will be plenty to do when the gruesome, cruel practice of\nhorse slaughter grinds to an end.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe have learned many things while running this campaign. These points\nseem to have worked for CHDC:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePick your battle. There are many issues out there\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epick one and vow to give it all you\u0026rsquo;ve got.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRemain focused on your goal. There will be many diversions\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003estay with it.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreate a website.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGather your supporters by sending out alerts and involving media when\nyou can.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen you ask for donations, show your supporters how the money will be\nspent and what has been done with it in the past. A good track record\nof hard-hitting campaign work is effective. The public will appreciate\nthose efforts and will know that if they donate to you, they will get\nresults. This works better than begging for money.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf your campaign involves lobbying the government, do it relentlessly.\nWrite letters to the editor (and ask your supporters to) in order to\ncreate a good, strong grassroots presence. Arrange meetings with\nelected officials. Start a petition, but make it official\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003estick to the government\u0026rsquo;s rules if you want the petitions read in\nParliament. Online petitions are great for public awareness.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDon\u0026rsquo;t give up. Remember what Mohandas (Mahatma) Gandhi said: \u0026ldquo;First\nthey ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, and then\nyou win\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e" }, { "title": "Choosing", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/et/choosing/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/et/choosing/", "authors": [ { "name": "et" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eFor the first time in my life, I questioned my faith in the innate\ngoodness/beauty of all humans. I have seen and felt painful and cold\naspects of being human in myself and others but nothing really shook a\nbasic trust I had for limitless beauty in this world. Are the questions\nnow \u0026hellip; so what? Or what the heck are you talking about?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI am talking about what I have been learning about globalization and\ncapitalism. It\u0026rsquo;s weird, that I have lived in a country, a \u0026rsquo;third world'\ncountry none the less (Sri Lanka), which was immersed in a violent civil\nwar. I have felt what it like to have machine guns pointed at me\nwherever I go and know that I wasn\u0026rsquo;t liked because of the culture and\nheritage I was born into, in some sense because of who I was.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaybe, I was too young to feel the craziness of the situation. Maybe I\nwas \u0026rsquo;naive\u0026rsquo;?! Maybe, it was because I could look into the eyes of the\nyoung men and women who were holding the machine guns aimed at me. That\nI still saw, in their eyes, their fear and power, they were still\nvulnerable as humans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was in Quebec city a few weekends ago (April 20, 2001) demonstrating\nagainst the FTAA summit. At the beginning of the weekend I was aware of\nthe three zones that had been designated by the organizers of the\nprotests. Green for the persons interested in expressing themselves\nthrough the arts and those who were not willing to risk arrest. Yellow\nfor the more aggressive but with he understanding of commitment to\nnon-violence, but willing to risk arrest. The red would be the zone that\nwas committed to bringing the 9 ft. wall constructed in Quebec City\ndown.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s unclear to me at this point how much detail i should go into. i do\nnot know how much you guys know of the events that happened around the\nsummit. Well, I am going to assume that you guys know quiet a bit,\notherwise this will be a very very long letter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was drawn to the yellow zone but with a firm commitment to\nnon-violence. I did not want to be anywhere near the \u0026lsquo;violent\u0026rsquo; actions.\nHowever, it did not take very long to figure out who was violent and who\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t. Even the most padded and gas masked protesters were no match for\nthe officers in riot gear. I was right up at the perimeter more than\nonce and the officers had no eyes, no face. They were protected head to\nfoot. I got to witness what can happen when justice lies in the hands of\na military state.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is so much I want to write but I don\u0026rsquo;t know how much of what I am\nwriting is coherent to you guys?!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne personal account is that, on the third day after repeated exposure\nto tear gas, I was part of a peaceful sit-in on a vacated street a block\naway from the perimeter and everyone involved was very clear that it was\npeaceful, including the armed riot police surrounding us on two sides.\nTwo tear gas canisters landed an arm\u0026rsquo;s reach away from me. I had severe\nbreathing problems and found myself spiting up a cleaning solution from\na medic a few block from the incident when the riot police started\nadvancing down the street with more tear gas. I had chest pains for many\nmany hours following that incident. That was by no means the worst\nscenario that weekend for many others. There was pepper spray, water\nhoses and rubber bullets as well. There were times when the whole\ndowntown area was immersed in tear gas Aren\u0026rsquo;t I lucky that I reside in a\ndemocratic first world country?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI guess what I am trying to say is that, the weekend in Quebec City\ndispelled many myths I had about Canada. About what it means to have\nfreedom in North America. We have the freedom to be consumers and be\nignorant to the injustices we perpetuate. We have the freedom not to\nstand in the way of capitalism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t know what to make of it. I don\u0026rsquo;t feel righteous. I don\u0026rsquo;t feel\ndefeated. I feel like I don\u0026rsquo;t know much. I do know that I have a lot to\nlearn in the next while that follows about globalization. I know that I\nhave to re- evaluate conveniences in my daily life. I do know that the\nweekend in Quebec city radicalized a lot of people. I think it important\nthat there be dialogue and action about our lifestyles and compassion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe scope of the control and power available and exercised by\norganizations like WTO and certain \u0026lsquo;first world\u0026rsquo; countries is somehow\nincomprehensive to me at present. I have been told it\u0026rsquo;s important to\nbreak down the stories and not be overwhelmed by them. That it is\npossible to examine aspects of globalization and make sense of it. That\nit\u0026rsquo;s not beyond understanding.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI am going to end it there for now, but what do you guys know?\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Cooked Food Effects", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/wes-peterson/cooked-food-effects/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/wes-peterson/cooked-food-effects/", "authors": [ { "name": "Wes Peterson" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eDuring the past few decades there has been much research done in the\narea of nutrition. Some of this research casts light on some important\ninsights regarding the foods which Mother Nature offers to us in its\nwhole, raw state, and what happens when we tamper with it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat exactly happens to food when it is cooked? What happens to the body\nif we eat cooked food? Some key points are covered in this article.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDue to space limitation, we can only but touch on the topic here;\nhowever, a brief overview is given below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"key-points-regarding-the-effects-of-cooking-on-food-and-health\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eKey Points Regarding the Effects of Cooking on Food and Health \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#key-points-regarding-the-effects-of-cooking-on-food-and-health\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe food\u0026rsquo;s life force is greatly depleted or destroyed. The\nbioelectrical (energy) field is altered and greatly depleted (as is\ngraphically demonstrated with kirlian photography). Live and bioactive\n(raw) food is rendered dead and inert. - The biochemical structure and\nnutrient makeup of the food is altered from its original state.\nMolecules in the food are deranged, degraded, and broken down. The\nfood is degenerated in many ways. Fiber in plant foods is broken down\ninto a soft, passive substance which loses its broom-like and magnetic\ncleansing quality in the intestines. - Nutrients (vitamins, minerals,\namino acids, etc.) are depleted, destroyed, and altered. The degree of\ndepletion, destruction, and alteration is simply a matter of\ntemperature, cooking method, and time. - Up to 50% of the protein is\ncoagulated. Much of this is rendered unusable. High temperatures also\ncreate cross-links in protein. Cross-linked proteins are implicated in\nmany problems in the body, as well as being a factor in the\naccelleration of the aging process. - The interrelationship of\nnutrients is altered from its natural synergistic makeup. For example,\nwith meat, relatively more vitamin B-6 than methionine is destroyed,\nwhich fosters atherogenic free radical-initiating homocysteine\naccumulation (which is a factor in heart problems). - The water\ncontent of the food is decreased. The natural structure of the water\nis also changed. - Toxic substances and cooked \u0026ldquo;byproducts\u0026rdquo; are\ncreated. The higher the cooking temperature, the more toxins that are\ncreated. Frying and grilling are especially toxin-generating. Various\ncarcinogenic and mutagenic substances and hordes of free radicals are\ngenerated in cooked fats and proteins in particular. - Heat causes the\nmolecules involved to collide, and repeated collision causes divalent\nbonding in order for new molecules, and hence a new substance, to\nform. In an ordinary baked potato, there are 450 by-products of every\ndescription. They have even been named \u0026ldquo;new chemical composites\u0026rdquo;. -\nUnusable (waste) material is created, which has a cumulative\ncongesting/clogging effect on the body and is a burden to the natural\neliminative processes of the body. - All of the enzymes present in raw\nfoods are destroyed at temperatures as low as 118 degrees fahrenheit.\nThese enzymes, named \u0026ldquo;food enzymes\u0026rdquo; are important for optimum\ndigestion. They naturally aid in digestion and become active as soon\nas eating commences. Cooking destroys 100% of these enzymes. Eating\nenzyme-dead food places a burden on the pancreas and other organs and\noverworks them, which eventually exhausts these organs. The digestion\nof cooked food usurps valuable metabolic enzymes in order to help\ndigest the food. Digestion of cooked food is much more energetically\ndemanding than the digestion of raw food. In general, raw food is so\nmuch more easily digested that it passes through the digestive tract\nin a half to a third of the time it takes for cooked food. - After\neating a cooked meal, there is a rush of white blood cells towards the\ndigestive tract, leaving the rest of the body less protected by the\nimmune system. From the point of view of the immune system the body is\nbeing invaded by a foreign (toxic) substance when cooked food is\neaten. - A general augmentation of white corpuscles in the blood and a\nchange in the relative proportions of different blood cells occurs.\nThis phenomenon is called \u0026ldquo;digestive leukocytosis\u0026rdquo;. - The natural\npopulation of beneficial intestinal flora becomes dominated by\nputrefactive bacteria (particularly from cooked meat), resulting in\ncolonic dysfunction, allowing the absorption of toxins from the bowel.\nThis phenomenon is variously called dysbacteria, dysbiosis, or\nintestinal toxemia (toxicosis). - A buildup of mucoid plaque is\ncreated in the intestines. Mucoid plaque is a thick tar-like substance\nwhich is the long-term result of undigested, uneliminated cooked food\nputrefying in the intestines. Cooked starches and fats in particular\nare a major culprit in constipation and clogging of the intestines. -\nA build-up of toxins and waste material in many parts of the body,\nincluding within individual cells. Some of these toxins and wastes are\ncalled lipofuscin, which accumulates in the skin and nervous system,\nincluding the brain. It can be observed as \u0026ldquo;liver spots\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;age\nspots.\u0026rdquo; - Malnutrition at the cellular level. Because cooked foods are\nlower in nutrients, in addition to containing wastes and toxins,\nindividual cells don\u0026rsquo;t receive enough of the nutrients they need. -\nTendency towards obesity through overeating. Because the cells don\u0026rsquo;t\nget enough nutrients they are so to speak \u0026ldquo;always hungry\u0026rdquo; and hence\n\u0026ldquo;demand\u0026rdquo; more food. Cooked food is also less likely to be properly\nmetabolized, which is another factor in excess weight gain. - From\ntime to time the body experiences detoxification crises (also called\npurification or healing crises). This happens when toxins are released\nthrough the skin or dumped in the bloodstream for elimination by the\nliver, kidneys, and other organs. The symptoms may include headaches,\nfever, nausea, vomiting, colds, bronchitis, sinusitis, pneumonia,\ndiarrhea, etc. - The body can become so toxic that all kinds of\nparticles, such as pollen, can cause detoxification crises, called\n\u0026ldquo;allergies\u0026rdquo;. An estimated 80 million Americans suffer from such\n\u0026ldquo;allergies\u0026rdquo;. - The immune system, having to handle the massive daily\ninvasions of toxins and toxic by-products, eventually becomes\noverwhelmed and weakened. A key factor in the aging process. - Some of\nthe waste material builds up in the arteries and clogs them, leading\nto high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, strokes,\netc. - killing an estimated 50% of Americans. - The wastes, toxins,\nmutagens, and carcinogens that build up within cells, as well as the\ndaily onslaught of excess free radicals eventually cause some cells to\nbecome cancerous - killing an estimated 30% of Americans. - In\ngeneral, the natural aging process is accelerated by cooked food.\nPeople who switch to raw food often become biologically and visibly\nyounger.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom cancerologist Bruce Ames (regarding \u0026ldquo;mutagenesis, carcinogenesis,\nand the degenerative diseases of aging\u0026rdquo;):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCooking food is plausible as a contributor to cancer. A wide variety\nof chemicals are formed during cooking. Four groups of chemicals that\ncause tumors in rodents have attracted attention because of\nmutagenicity, potency, and concentration: - Nitrosamines are formed\nfrom nitrogen oxides present in gas flames or from other burning.\nSurprisingly little work has been done on the levels of nitrosamines\nin fish or meat cooked in gas ovens or barbecued, considering their\nmutagenic and carcinogenic potency. - Heterocyclic amines are formed\nfrom heating amino acids or proteins. - Polycyclic hydrocarbons are\nformed from charring meat. - Furfural and similar furans are formed\nfrom heating sugars. Heating fat generates mutagenic epoxides,\nhydroperoxides, and unsaturated aldehydes, and may also be of\nimportance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (1993) Some naturally\noccurring substances: Food items and constituents, heterocyclic aromatic\namines and mycotoxins (International Agency for Research on Cancer,\nLyon, France).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGold, L. S., Slone, T. H., Manley, N. B. \u0026amp; Ames, B. N. (1994) Cancer\nLett. 83, 21-29.\u003cbr\u003e\nGold, L. S., Slone, T. H., Stern, B. R., Manley, N. B. \u0026amp; Ames, B. N.\n(1992) Science 258, 261-265.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Dr. Ames is a Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and\nDirector, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Center,\nUniversity of California, Berkeley. He is a member of the National\nAcademy of Sciences and was on their Commission on Life Sciences. He was\nformerly on the board of directors of the National Cancer Institute\n(National Cancer Advisory Board). He was the recipient of the most\nprestigious award for cancer research, the General Motors Cancer\nResearch Foundation Prize (1983), the highest award in environmental\nachievement, the Tyler Prize (1985), the Gold Medal Award of the\nAmerican Institute of Chemists (1991), and the Glenn Foundation Award of\nthe Gerontological Society of America (1992). He has been elected to the\nRoyal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Japan Cancer Association, and the\nAcademy of Toxicological Sciences. His 300 scientific publications have\nresulted in his being the 23rd most-cited scientist (in all fields)\n(1973-1984).]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"leukocytosis-and-cooked-food\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLeukocytosis and Cooked Food \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#leukocytosis-and-cooked-food\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn 1930, research was conducted at the Institute of Clinical Chemistry\nin Lausanne, Switzerland, under the direction of Dr. Paul Kouchakoff.\nThe effect of food (cooked/processed vs. raw/natural) on the immune\nsystem was tested and documented. Dr. Kouchakoff\u0026rsquo;s discovery concerned\nthe leukocytes, the white blood cells. Apparently, a well-known\nphenomena occurred immediately after a person ate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was found that after a person eats cooked food, his/her blood\nresponds immediately by increasing the number of white blood cells. This\nis a well- known phenomena called \u0026ldquo;digestive leukocytosis\u0026rdquo;, which means\nthat there is a rise in the number of leukocytes, or white blood cells,\nafter eating. Since digestive leukocytosis was always observed after\neating, it was considered to be a normal physiological response to\neating. No one knew why the number of white cells would rise after\neating, since this appeared to be a stress response, as if the body was\nreacting to something harmful, such as infection, trauma, or exposure to\ntoxic chemicals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBack in 1930, Swiss researchers of the institute of Chemical Chemistry\nstudied the influence of food on human blood and made a remarkable\ndiscovery. They found that eating unaltered, raw food or food heated at\nlow temperatures did not cause a reaction in the blood. In addition, if\na food had been heated beyond a certain temperature (unique to each\nfood), or if the food was processed (refined, added chemicals, etc.),\nthis always caused a rise in the number of white cells in the blood. The\nresearchers renamed this reaction \u0026ldquo;pathological leukocytosis\u0026rdquo;, since the\nbody was reacting to highly altered food. They tested many different\nkinds of foods and found that if the foods were not overheated or\nrefined, they caused no reaction. The body saw them as \u0026ldquo;friendly foods\u0026rdquo;.\nHowever, these same foods, if heated at too high a temperature, caused a\nnegative reaction in the blood, a reaction that is found only when the\nbody is invaded by a dangerous pathogen or trauma.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe worst offenders of all, whether heated or not, were processed foods\nthat had been refined (such as white flour or white rice), or\nhomogenized (a process in which the fat in milk is subjected to\nartificial suspension), or pasteurized (also seen in milk, flash-heated\nto high temperatures to kill bacteria), or preserved (chemicals added to\nfood to retard spoilage or to enhance taste or texture). In other words,\nfoods that were changed from their original God-given state. Good\nexamples of these harmful foods are: pasteurized milk, chocolate,\nmargarine, sugar, candy, white flour, and regular salt. The researchers\nfound that if these altered, chemical foods were chewed very thoroughly,\nthe harm to the blood could be lessened. In addition, another amazing\nfinding was that if some of the same food in its raw state was eaten\nwith the cooked counterpart, the pathological reaction in the blood was\nminimized. However, avoid these unnatural, processed foods; replace them\nwith delicious whole foods for optimal health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReference\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKouchakoff, Paul, M.D.; \u0026ldquo;The Influence of Cooking Food on the Blood\nFormula of Man\u0026rdquo;; First International Congress of Microbiology; Paris,\n1930.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Cup of Tea", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/cup-of-tea/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/cup-of-tea/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eA prominent western philosopher had come to Japan to study with a zen\nmaster through an exchange program. The two of them sat down for a\ntraditional tea.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile waiting the philosopher thought he\u0026rsquo;d \u0026lsquo;break the ice\u0026rsquo; by telling\nthe zen master a bit about himself. Well, he started and a bit became\nmore and more and more. He talked about his ideas of the history and\ndevelopment of philosophy and about the lack of consistency in different\nareas of thought and the problems associated with applying logic to\nsituations considered unbroachable through logic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy now, the tea had arrived.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs the zen master started pouring tea into his cup, the philosopher\ncontinued with the subjectivities of existentialisms and the\nattainabilities of the absurd and ā€¦ then he noticed that the zen master\nhadn\u0026rsquo;t stopped pouring the tea into his cup.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn fact, his cup had started to overflow!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStill the zen master kept pouring and tea was spilling all over the\nchabudai onto the floor and even onto our philosopher who suddenly had\nnothing more to say about philosophy and exclaimed:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Stop! Stop! What are you doing?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe zen master stopped pouring the tea and with a bit of a twinkle in\nhis eye said:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;In a cup so full, it is not possible to pour anything more.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Dogs in Heaven", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/dogs-in-heaven/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/dogs-in-heaven/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThere is a very beautiful story from the Hindu mythology\u0026rsquo;s Mahabharata\nthat provides an insight to the meaning of our existence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFive brothers who were kings and their wife, the queen (this happened\nthrough a misunderstanding of the concept of \u0026lsquo;sharing\u0026rsquo; as expressed by\ntheir mother) after a long reign were embarking on their final journey -\nto heaven. To do so they had to trek up a mountain and along the way\nthey were joined by a dog. The climb was so arduous they began to die\noff. Even the second oldest brother, the \u0026lsquo;hercules\u0026rsquo; of his era, fell.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, the eldest, Yudhishthira and the dog made it to the top where\nthey were greeted by Indra the king of the gods. He congratulated\nYudhishthira and told him to get into his chariot to go to heaven, but\nthe dog walked in first.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndra was infuriated (he had this tendency): \u0026ldquo;I will not tolerate a dog\nin my chariot! Get him out and let\u0026rsquo;s go.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYudhishthira said, \u0026ldquo;Through my journey up the mountain, my queen and my\nbrothers left me. Only this dog stayed with me - I cannot leave him\nnow.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndra exclaimed, \u0026ldquo;What! Are you mad? Dogs do not belong in heaven! Do\nyou want to give up your place for a dog?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYudhishthira replied, \u0026ldquo;The dog stayed faithfully by me, I will not\ndesert him - even for heaven.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJust then the dog transformed himself into Yama the god of the\nunderworld and spoke: \u0026ldquo;You have chosen rightly, my son. In life all\nshall leave us, our passions, our acquaintances and even those we love\ndearest. Only our Dharma, like the dog, stays with us regardless. To\nthis Dharma, we must be true.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Dulse", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/dulse/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/dulse/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThere is a tasty seaweed\u003cbr\u003e\nOn which I like to feed\u003cbr\u003e\nMineral rich, purple and salty dulse is\u003cbr\u003e\nGood on salads, grains and pulses\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI feel like a mermaid\u003cbr\u003e\nEating an Atlantis dish\u003cbr\u003e\nTo add a sea-like flavour\u003cbr\u003e\nI needn\u0026rsquo;t hurt a fish!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI sprinkle flakes on salad\u003cbr\u003e\nMix it into hearty stew\u003cbr\u003e\nBlend it into veggie soup\u003cbr\u003e\nOr snack on a piece or two!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI have two bits of pet dulse\u003cbr\u003e\nFloating contentedly in a jar\u003cbr\u003e\nAbove a bed of stony gravel\u003cbr\u003e\nIn veganismā€¦ let\u0026rsquo;s raise the bar!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAquariums of sea plants\u003cbr\u003e\nAre beautiful and kind\u003cbr\u003e\nTo our sea-life friends\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd to our peace of mind!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEat healthy vegan meals\u003cbr\u003e\nMade of fruit and veg\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd protect the animals\u003cbr\u003e\nToday make this pledge!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot only better for your health\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd delicious choices wide\u003cbr\u003e\nThis way we join the animals\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd are all on the same side!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Environmental Racism", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/environmental-racism/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/environmental-racism/", "authors": [ { "name": "Sangeeta" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal\nthat they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights,\nthat among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.\u0026rdquo;\n(Columbo 685)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe powerful words of The Declaration of Independence were announced\nsome two hundred years ago, yet this country still toils with the\nproblem of racial discrimination. Racism comes in many forms such as\nemployment, wages, housing etc. There is yet another facet of racism\nwhich is being recognized called environmental racism. This is racial\ndiscrimination in environmental policymaking, law and regulation\nenforcement, and the deliberate targeting of people of color for toxic\nwaste facilities.\n(\u003ca href=\"gopher://gopher.igc.apc.org/0/environment/envjustice/resources/bullard\"\u003eBullard\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRacism is defined by the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of\nRacial Discrimination as:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAny distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based on race\ncolor, descent, or national or ethnic origin which has the purpose or\neffect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or\nexercise, on an equal footing, of human righton and fundamental\nfreedoms in political, economic, social, cultural or any fields of\npublic life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe problem of racism has become so widespread in this country that it\nis hard to keep track of where the battles are being fought. Minorities\nare the unheard and unseen in this country, and are therefore taken\nadvantage of by big money enterprises such as governments, industries\nand other corporations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany industrial companies are choosing to build their facilities in\nlow-income neighborhoods where there is little regulation and cheap\nlabor. The companies think that they can get away with endangering the\npublic?s health because the people living in these communities are\nmostly uneducated and would not know what to do and who to complain to\nabout the pollution problems. The industry leaders are also well aware\nof the fact that these people are often alienated from the political\nprocess due to language barriers, and socio/economic issues. Hence, they\npose the least risk of resistance and taking public action. (UIA)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis problem exists all over this country from Louisiana\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;Cancer\nAlley\u0026rdquo; to South Central Los Angeles and from Native American\nreservations to Brooklyn and Chicago\u0026rsquo;s South Side, millions of Americans\nlive in housing and physical environments that are over- burdened with\nenvironmental problems, hazardous waste sites, incinerators,\npetrochemical plants, lead contamination, dirty air and drinking water,\nand other threats to the public health.\n(\u003ca href=\"gopher://gopher.igc.apc.org/0/environment/envjustice/resources/bullard\"\u003eBullard\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Robert D. Bullard, a member of the Clinton Administration\u0026rsquo;s\nEnvironmental Justice Transition team and author of Unequal Protection:\nEnvironmental Justice and Communities of Color, environmental laws have\nbeen inconsistently applied, so that low- income communities and people\nof color suffer disproportionately from public health hazards.\n(\u003ca href=\"gopher://gopher.igc.apc.org/0/environment/envjustice/resources/bullard\"\u003eBullard\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEveryone has a right to live in a toxic free neighborhood, regardless of\nrace, ethnicity and culture. No one should have to bear an undue burden\nof environmental pollution, yet the fact remains that toxic racism\nexists. Studies done on national, regional and local levels have shown a\nstrong correlation between ethnicity and environmental hazards such as\nlandfills, polluting factories and toxic waste dumps. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.environmentalhealh.org/toxicfree.html\"\u003eToxcity\nProject\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis problem is certainly prevalent in Southern California. Though the\nU.S and Mexican borders are steel fenced, polluted air and water are\ntraded freely along with other manufactured goods. The 10 mile section\nof the US/Mexico border which separates San Diego and Tijuana is one\nmost heavily industrialized, populated, and polluted.(\u003ca href=\"http://www.environmentalhealh.org/border.html\"\u003eEnvironmental\nHealth Coalition\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maquiladoras, companies which operate on the U.S/Mexican border, are\nnegatively affecting the environment and damaging peoples health with\nindustrial pollutants. According to The Environmental Health Coalition\nwhich is based in San Diego, hazardous waste sites dot the border area\nlike cancerous warts. Heavy heyyools, acids, solvents, and other\nindustrial poisons pour out of company pipes and air stacks and into the\nsurrounding communities. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.environmentalhealh.org/border.html\"\u003eEnvironmental Health\nCoalition\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEvery year more and more companies are rushing to take advantage of the\ncheap labor and loose environmental regulations on the US/Mexican border\narea. For this reason there is a free flow of poisonous run-off directly\ninto the nearby communities due to a lack of regulation and\npre-treatments of toxic waste. Unfortunately the public is at a\ndisadvantage for there is a lack of information available about chemical\nuse, storage and disposal. Attaining this information would allow for\nthe Mexicans to initiate protective measures. Hiding this information\nputs the public at high risk, but keeps the companies from public\nscrutiny and possible government action.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHuntington Park is another place where many racial minorities live, and\nwhere the dangerous practices of environmental racism are in effect.\nRecycling has an environmental-friendly image in L.A. Since consumption\nis very high there the reuse of basic resource materials creates hope\nfor a sustainable future. Therefore recycling is the city\u0026rsquo;s big growth\nindustry.(EcoNet)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeople living in low-income communities do not share the same sentiments\ntowards recycling. They are having a hard time seeing recyclings green\nimage. The reason for the animosity towards recycling is that they live\nright next to these plants. (EcoNet) Local residents living near a glass\nrecycling plant complain that there is always glass in the air. Mercedes\nArumbula, a mother whose house is kitty-corner from the glass recycling\nplant says that the since the plant set foot in her neighborhood her\nkids have developed asthma and her little daughter is always sick. She\nsays, I feel like my lungs are filling up with glass. (EcoNet)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA little further down the road is a heyyool recycling plant which\ncrushes cars and heyyool appliances. The houses of these residents are\ncracking due to the earth shaking from the bone-jarring thumping of the\nheyyool crusher. Besides the many problems they are facing, their\nchildren are developing skin rashes in which they have found that\nheyyool granules are pushing up through their skins. Angry mothers went\nto the city authorities to complain, but were defeated due to city\nzoning regulations. In a nutshell, the city told them that they were\nliving in the wrong place in town and that they should move. (EcoNet)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuch problems are unimaginable in places such as Hollywood. These places\nhave too many wealthy families in the neighborhoods, and city official\nwould not want to upset them or put them in any kind of danger. Besides,\nthese well educated families have the clout and money to stop it from\nhappening.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll is not lost for the people. There have been many victories in\ncommunities where plants have been shut down due to the dangers that\nthey possess towards the environment and the people. Though there is\nstill a long way to go to bring about racial and environmental harmony,\npeoples faith in hope of change still continues. Through community\norganizing and lobbying, people are standing up for their right to Life,\nLiberty and the pursuit of Happiness. (Columbo 685)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTODO\u003cbr\u003e\nlinks of relevance\u003cbr\u003e\nlibrary references\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Fifth Column Veganism?", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:56-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/fifth-column-veganism/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/fifth-column-veganism/", "authors": [ { "name": "KG" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eNo one is perfect. Everyone is open to criticism. Any individual or\ngroup can be examined and criticized where appropriate and fair. The\nmisery and death perpetrated against nonhuman animals is an unfathomable\ncatastrophic hell, and one should seek to improve the lives of victims\nwhenever possible while pursuing an end to the practices. This is what\nwe would do with a human rights situation and nonhumans deserve no less.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the 1980s and well into the 1990s, the conflicts between \u0026ldquo;animal\nrights\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;animal welfare\u0026rdquo; centered on disagreements between those who\nsought only to improve the lives of victims of exploitation and those\nwho sought to end it, as well as disputes over illegal methods of\nprotest (as was the case with efforts to end the slave trade). But any\nimprovements in the wellbeing of nonhuman animal victims were not seen\nas a bad thing - except by the exploitation industries and their\nsupporters. This is what we would do if the victims were human.\nAnti-death penalty advocates would welcome changes in policy that\neliminated more sadistic forms of execution. We would not say: \u0026ldquo;Who\ncares if they suffer when they are going to be killed anyway?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn recent years there are individuals who repeatedly declare their\nsupport for non-human rights and vegan goals but have been intensely\ncritical of traditional tactics and campaigns, as well as the advocates\nthemselves. And yet, so strong is their criticism that the exploitation\nindustries are given much gentler treatment if not ignored completely.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is reasonable to assume that someone who is very harsh on advocates\nwould be as hard on the exploitation side they claim to oppose - \u003cstrong\u003ethe\ncause of the problem\u003c/strong\u003e. If not, then one can ask this question: \u003cstrong\u003eWhy\nare you agreeing with the anti-AR arguments of those who engineer and\nprofit from maintaining and increasing the exploitation of nonhuman\nanimals?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are a few beliefs being circulated by vegan animal rights\nadvocates which originated from the mouths of the most hostile opponents\nto veganism and animal rights:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;big activist groups that oppose vivisection and other industry\nexploitation needlessly kill shelter animals when they can use donated\nmoney to keep them housed indefinitely\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;protests (aka single issue campaigns), ballot initiatives, and\nlegislative changes by activists are useless, and will only increase\nnot decrease animal exploitation\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;we can trust exploitation industry to make reforms according to\nconsumer demand\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;a vivisector is more ethical than a non-vegan anti-vivisection\ncampaigner\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;activists must be morally perfectā€“they must be against all\nexploitation of human and nonhuman animals\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;anti-fur campaigns are motivated by hatred of women\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;animal rights activists are racist\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;single issue campaigns only serve as fundraisers for big charities\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEvery single one of these statements essentially mean: \u003cstrong\u003eExploitation\nisnā€™t the problem, the activists are the problem.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are a vegan or animal rights advocate, do you want to be agreeing\nwith the side that opposes your goals?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is what needs to be asked of supporters of Nathan Winograd and Gary\nFrancione.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"nathan-winograd\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNathan Winograd \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#nathan-winograd\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWho cares if they suffer as long as they arenā€™t killed?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNathan Winograd advocates no kill shelters claiming that the\noverpopulation of cats and dogs is a myth and that PETA and HSUS are\nmaniacally committed to killing healthy animals (for monetary or\nnefarious ideological reasons), when the animals can be housed\nindefinitely through donations (a charge that was made against PETA in\nthe early 90s by vivisectors facing criticism for animal torture).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe emphasizes a \u0026ldquo;let the market decide\u0026rdquo; view, claiming that if all\nshelters were no kill, this would drive animal breeders and pet stores\nout of business.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegardless of whether PETA and HSUS can be criticized on ideology or\npolicy, Winograd portrays PETA and HSUS as the problem, not any other\nfactor or entity. He talks about PETA and HSUS having the budgets to\nhouse shelter animals indefinitely, but interestingly, does not make\nsuch a demand for financial assistance to shelters from the\npet/companion animal industry such as food manufacturers or big chain\nstores, who help engineer and profit from the problem. Winograd does not\noffer solutions for how to avoid animals crammed into cages for their\nentire lives or ending up in abusive situations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn his blog he speaks in vague terms on his opposition to nonhuman\nanimal exploitation, but when doing a major media piece with a wide\naudience, he goes for the most savage sensational attack on his target:\nanimal charities that oppose vivisection and meat industry business\npractices.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne could assume the purpose was to damage the public image of the\norganization in order to divert from exploiters, the source of the\nproblem, as well as distract, divide, and demoralize advocates. But\nWinograd claims to be a 20 year vegan, and yet his first book interview\nwas granted to the Center for Consumer Freedom, a widely criticized\n\u0026ldquo;astroturfing\u0026rdquo; group for major exploiters, including vivisection and the\nmeat industry. He has responded to this lapse of integrity by comparing\nhis interview with CCF to Fox News, equating a giant media corporation\nwith a tiny obscure industry front group that opposes everything he\nclaims to stand for.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNathan Winograd recently announced that he had been denied his request\nto participate in a vegan conference where he intended to debate Gary\nFrancione.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"gary-francione\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGary Francione \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#gary-francione\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHe wants you to eat like you care but when you stop eating, not\ncare?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGary Francione is a law professor and author opposed to all forms of\nnonhuman animal exploitation for human use, while apparently focusing a\ngreat deal of his energy on criticism of animal rights advocates and\norganizations. He bases his \u0026ldquo;animal rights\u0026rdquo; argument on the property\nstatus of nonhuman animals and the arbitrary nature of criteria used to\ndefend human superiority, maintaining that sentience is the only\ncriteria that matters for determining moral value and that veganism (as\nhe defines it) should be the baseline.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe has long been critical of the concept of \u0026ldquo;animal welfare\u0026rdquo; (as he\ndefines it) and criticizes Peter Singer, who has defended some\nvivisection and non-vegan food consumption in accordance to his\nutilitarian moral philosophy, for not being a true proponent of animal\nrights/veganism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the 2000s Francione began criticizing \u0026ldquo;happy meat\u0026rdquo; welfare reforms,\nespecially after a well-publicized agreement with Whole Foods which was\nsupported by PETA and other organizations, and expanded his opposition\nto any single issue campaigns (with one exception).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe has regularly attacked PETA and Mercy for Animals among other groups.\nLike Winograd, he proposes a \u0026ldquo;let the market decide\u0026rdquo; solution to\nnonhuman animal exploitation and is consistently vague and brief on the\nwrongdoing of industries, sometimes appearing to agree with them in\nattacks on advocates who support legislation and protests that targets\nindustry or groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere are some examples:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHe has said single issue campaigns and legislative efforts are not\nonly useless but counterā€“productive (and immoral), fueling a demand\nfor animal products (i.e. a ban on foie gras would encourage people to\neat other meat, improvements to the treatment of calves would\nencourage people to eat more veal).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHe alleges that if people engage in direct on the street vegan\nadvocacy the types of reforms people want to see in farms will happen\nanyway as industry conforms to public sentiment (but without\nlegislation or protest).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHe has said that there is more fur visible on the streets of London\nthan when he visited it in the 1970s. He has said anti-fur campaigns\nencourage (if not being motivated by) hatred of women and has hinted\nthat advocates are cowardly for not confronting motorcycle gangs for\ntheir use of animal hides in clothing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHe has implied animal rights advocates who are not purely vegan are\nhypocrites and should be morally perfect.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHe has said 200 years of welfare reform in the treatment of nonhuman\nanimals has been a total failure.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHe has implied campaigns against dolphin slaughter in Japan are racist\nand protests of Jewish ritual animal slaughter anti-semitic.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHe has said those opposed to speciesism must also be against racism,\nsexism, and all other human rights concerns, however, he does not\nbother to say that an anti-racism or anti-sexism advocate must also be\nopposed to speciesism, nor does he say someone opposed to racism must\nalso be opposed to sexism etc. (i.e. someone campaigning to end child\nabuse in Africa is not expected to also advocate for an end to sexism\nor discrimination against homosexuals at the same time - they are\npermitted to use single issue campaigns).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMoral perfection is not demanded of human rights advocates, but it is\ndemanded of nonhuman rights activists.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis is a common double standard found in the arguments of those who\nsay humans are morally superior in value (which as we have repeatedly\nsaid in other articles, falls apart quite easily after you examine the\n\u0026ldquo;Supremacy Myth\u0026rdquo;).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen Francione says a campaign that targets practices of a particular\ngroup promotes or encourages racism, he is saying in essence that the\nsuffering and deaths of the nonhuman victims is not as important as\nhurting the feelings of the victimizers. In other words, humans are\nsuperior in value to nonhumans (aka adhering to the myth of human\nsuperiority).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis rhetoric is almost identical to comments and attacks made by\nsupporters of exploitation industry dating back well before the 1980s.\nEvery one of these claims has been made by those who engineer and profit\nfrom nonhuman animal suffering and death. At the same time, despite his\nsupport of a total vegan message, he is surprisingly soft on anti-vegans\n(those who are aggressively hostile to all aspects of veganism and\nnonhuman animal rights), often using defensive arguments (i.e. if\nsomeone challenges him to choose between a human and a nonhuman he\nanswers by suggesting that if the choice were between a healthy human\nand a comatose person, just because he may choose the healthy individual\ndoes not mean the comatose person should be used in farms or labs. This\ndoes not make a strong case for why nonhumans should not be used in\nfarms or labs, but it does counter the Peter Singer view that some\nnonhumans would be more deserving of moral regard than some humans).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe has also pushed the term \u0026ldquo;abolitionist\u0026rdquo; and linked the vegan\nphilosophy to efforts to abolish the African slave trade, implying that\nabolitionists were not doing a single issue campaign, did not seek\nincremental change and sought immediate uncompromising abolishing of the\nslave trade. He ignores that the word abolitionist was a slander term\nused by pro-slavery interests to label anyone who criticized slavery as\nan extremist, or that abolitionists split on the issue of including\nwomen in leadership positions, and that they included John Brown, who\nadvocated killing slavery supporters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe has repeatedly equated current public attitudes towards human rights\nissues with nonhuman rights, ignoring the fact that acceptance of human\nrights did not happen immediately and came about through incremental\nchanges (racial equality, childrenā€™s rights, etc) as public awareness\nand acceptance of these new ideas overcame ignorance and peer pressure\namong other obstacles. As we know, a perfect human rights society does\nnot exist even today. His claim that 200 years of welfare reform has\nbeen a total failure conveniently ignores increases in world population\nand the role of exploitation industry in aggressively pursuing greater\nand greater profits during this time. He employs a glaring double\nstandard, demanding that advocates ignore current abuse of nonhuman\nanimals in society even though, if humans were the victims, such a\nposition would be considered callous and immoral. Interestingly, his\nimplied belief that universal human rights existed as a concept in\nsociety in the time of the African slave trade also echoes sentiments by\nnonsensical anti-animal rights parties that try to romanticize \u0026ldquo;human\nsupremacy\u0026rdquo; as something universal and eternal instead of the reality: a\nrecent conceptual development no different in design from racial\nsupremacy or other bigoted harmful beliefs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite his use of the term abolitionist, he is fiercely opposed to ALF\nactivities as well, and when a pro-vivisection writer opined that an\nincrease in UK experiments may have been due to the acts of a small\nnumber of \u0026ldquo;violent\u0026rdquo; activists - Francione was quick to agree in full,\nignoring other factors like the greed of vivisectors or the callous\ndisregard of institutions. Apparently only the advocates are to blame,\nand if they cannot police their own ranks (something no social movement\nhas ever been able to do successfully) then they are responsible for the\nexploitation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrancioneā€™s hostility towards single issue campaigns that do not\nemphasize veganism has one exception: the adoption of cats and dogs from\nshelters, an issue that is completely removed from advocating vegan\nphilosophy and one that is not opposed by anti-animal rights interests\nsince taking an animal from a shelter does not challenge exploitation\nbusinesses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn one hand he promotes a naively idealistic vegan \u0026ldquo;domino effect\u0026rdquo;\nconversion and on the other he consistently seeks to divide and\ndemoralize activists, slandering them in public media, and steering them\naway from advocacy that would champion campaigns that exploitation\nindustries oppose while demanding they seek vegan personal purity. It\nmust be noted, exploitation industries do not oppose his \u0026ldquo;domino effect\u0026rdquo;\nvegan advocacy or his demand that vegans be morally perfect since a\nboycott of products with stearic acid by vegan individuals will do\nnothing to affect their businesses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLike Winograd, he blames activists for imperfection in dealing with a\nproblem although Francione avoids claiming there is no problem except\nthe actions of advocates as Winograd does. However, he also goes very\nsoft on exploiters, stating it as a matter of fact that exploitation is\nwrong without a detailed reason as to why for the benefit of any non\nvegans. And like Winograd, he ignores the role of exploitation\nsupporters in maintaining or increasing cruelty and injustice. And\nrather incredibly, Francione suggests that industry can be trusted to\nmake compassionate improvements on the road to vegan utopia without any\nkind of legislation or protest as they will apparently gladly concede to\nchange (despite all news reports of them aggressively lobbying to\nprevent changes in law except for such things as criminalizing\nundercover investigations into the meat and dairy or vivisection\nindustries).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrancione has not appeared to comment on Winogradā€™s single issue\ncampaigning efforts or criticized him for not promoting a vegan message.\nBut he has shared Winogradā€™s hysterical attacks on PETA through his\ninternet media pages.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrancione has related anecdotes of his alleged encounters with single\nissue campaign protestors who gave up protesting on seal killing or\nhunting because they concluded they were in no position to protest when\nthey werenā€™t vegan aka morally perfect. In almost every case Francione\nadds a comment such as: \u0026ldquo;theyā€™re right\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;I absolutely agree.\u0026rdquo; Does he\nconvert them to veganism after announcing his agreement with exploiterā€™s\ndemoralizing and diversionary rhetoric?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrancioneā€™s advice for advocates is to ignore stubborn nonvegans and\nconcentrate on people who show compassion for nonhuman animals. And yet\nhe has compared meat eaters to serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer or convicted\ndogfighter Michael Vick, speaking in a cavalier presumptive fashion\nwhich is sure to alienate people unless a detailed explanation is given\nfor the morality behind extending concern to nonhumans (it is like\nshouting: \u0026ldquo;We are all Pol Pot!\u0026rdquo; during a discussion of genocide in\nRwanda). A detailed explanation he does not bother to provide.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlso, he avoids going into compassionate appeals or detailed examples of\nexploitation - sticking to a mechanical recitation of an ethics formula\nadapted from Singer and Regan but more inclusive than theirs. This would\nsuggest he is even more of an animal rights champion than they are, and\nyet, he consistently spreads a message of discouragement and\ndivisiveness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the final analysis it does not matter what motivates Winograd and\nFrancione to behave as they do, what is important is the message they\nconvey, who benefits, and who doesnā€™t. The victims of vivisection, the\nmeat and dairy industry, and other exploitation are not served by those\nwho declare to be on their side while naively working to distract,\ndivide, and demoralize the advocates challenging the institutions that\ncreate and profit from suffering and death. Nathan Winograd and Gary\nFrancione may have the very best of intentions, but by being the\nunwitting mouthpiece of the injustices and industries they oppose, they\nharm more than they help.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlease, donā€™t be a fifth column vegan.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"notes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNOTES \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#notes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are endless examples of curious statements and behavior by\nWinograd and/or Francione. Here is a tiny sample (boldface is not in\nsource text):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"nathan-winograd-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNathan Winograd \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#nathan-winograd-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVictim of censorship?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou would think if he, a \u0026ldquo;20 year vegan\u0026rdquo;, regarded vivisection as\nimportant he would start off an interview by declaring his firm\nopposition to it and other exploitation instead of adding it as an after\nthought on his blog with far less public reach:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI just did a radio interview on PETAā€™s campaign of companion animal\nextermination, based on my Huffington Post expose. Toward the end of\nthe interview, the host asked me about killing rats for medical\nresearch and when I tried to speak out against that, too, I was cut\noff. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.nathanwinograd.com/?p=12642\"\u003eBlog\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnti-PETA tirade\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere he goes into a hyperbolic tirade against PETA as usual and someone\nasks what they can do about a no kill shelter that abuses the animals.\nInstead of telling her how awful that is or to take the matter to the\npolice or other authorities, he makes a short dismissive comment and\ndirects her to a PR pamphlet for his site. This is Nathan Winograd, the\nanimalsā€™ savior. Also notice he deleted all negative comments.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSherry M: \u0026ldquo;Iā€™ve got a question. Is there any oversight for Rescues?\nRan into one, very bad! Does anyone check on these rescuers? Iā€™m all\nfor no kill, but donā€™t want to see dogs tortured eitherā€¦. So if a\nrescue takes in dogs, collects the donations, but doesnā€™t feed,\nsocialize, exercise, clean them, what as a citizen can I do? I had\nrented my house to a rescue and witnessed this. As far as anyone was\nconcerned this was legal. They would let things go just long enough.\nThe dogs were adopted, without the new owners, knowledge of this, and\nno home checks either. Some were aggressive, and just might wind up in\nshelters again, because they didnā€™t socialize them. Scary to think it\ncould be a cycle.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNathan Winograd: Sherry M It depends on the state, but as you know, it\nis not an either-or proposition. In other words, the choice is not\ndeath at the pound or torture.\n(\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/nathanwinograd/photos/pb.159092957448290.-2207520000.1391534314./720157018008545/?type=3\u0026amp;theater\"\u003eFacebook\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNathan Winograd says donā€™t blame breeders or the pet industry\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;To continue to reduce every issue to a failure to spay/neuter is\nexactly what the regressive shelter director and the large, national\ngroups which fight No Kill want animal activists to do: \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003epoint the\nfinger of blame\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e anywhere but \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eon those who are actually doing\nthe killing.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e Those who love animals must stop giving them the\nluxury of this out. We donā€™t need animals to disappear from the Earth\nbefore we can do right by them. Instead, we should be demanding that\nthose we pay to care for homeless animals with our tax and\nphilanthropic dollars provide them the care, kindness, and a loving\nhome that is their birthright.\u0026rdquo;\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.nathanwinograd.com/?p=14009\"\u003eBlog\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(see previous item where he doesnā€™t appear to care about oversight of no\nkill shelters)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTo Nathan Winograd, CCF = Fox News in media value?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFox News is a giant media company that is impossible to avoid (even if\nyou want to). CCF is a tiny obscure front group for industry that is\neasy to ignore (if one wants to).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the same period, I did an interview on Fox News. For those who\nknow me, my politics are different than theirs. I voted for Ralph\nNader and Dennis Kucinich in the last two presidential primaries, not\nexactly the candidates embraced by Fox News. But I did the interview,\nnot because I am caught in a \u0026ldquo;web of corruption\u0026rdquo; with Fox News, but\nbecause I know that when it comes to saving dogs and cats from death\nin shelters, all those things that separate us as Americans donā€™t\napply. Red states or blue, rich or poor, black or white, Democrats or\nRepublicans, \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ewe all love animals\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e.\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.nathanwinograd.com/?p=3859\"\u003eBlog\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"gary-francione-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGary Francione \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#gary-francione-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGary Francione appears to throw some support towards a single issue\ncampaign\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;And it is time for New York City shift toward a progressive no-kill\nshelter situation. This can be achieved if New Yorkers have political\nwill to make it happen.\u0026rdquo;\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.abolitionistapproach.com/animal-care-and-control-the-sad-failure-of-new-york-citys-municipal-shelter-system/#.U6sYVihOJ8F\"\u003eWebsite\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGary Francione: Industry is not the problem/vivisectors arenā€™t so bad\neither?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe institutional exploiters are not \u0026ldquo;the enemy\u0026rdquo;. We are the ones who\ndemand animal products. If we stopped consuming animal products,\ninstitutional users would shift their capital elsewhere.\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.abolitionistapproach.com/on-vivisection-and-violence/#.U6niErGYzMB\"\u003eWebsite\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet the market decide!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGary Francione: vivisection is so wrong that vivisectors are right?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere he seems to make the assumption that many nonvegan anti-vivisection\nsupporters have thought about their diet and the suffering and death it\nbrings to nonhuman animals and deliberately and callously dismissed such\nconcerns. He then suggests that a vivisector who directly and knowingly\ntortures an animal is morally superior to such protestors. He denies the\nanti-vivisection supporter the possibility of being kind but ignorant\nand gives the vivisector, who knowingly engineers torture of victims,\nthe credit of noble social intentions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;\u003cstrong\u003eMany \u0026lsquo;animal people\u0026rsquo; are not even vegan\u003c/strong\u003e and are willing to\ntolerate and support the torture of nonhuman animals simply because\nthey like the taste of animal products and just cannot give up the\ncheese, ice cream, or whatever animal products it is that they eat.\nHow are these people any different in a moral sense from vivisectors?\n\u003cstrong\u003eAt least some vivisectors think that they are performing some social\ngood\u003c/strong\u003e. As I have indicated in my writing, I do not agree that the use\nof animals is necessary as an empirical matter and, like Penman and\nothers, I maintain that vivisection is often clearly\ncounterproductive.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGary Francione: Those who give up on protesting injustice are right?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was talking with someone recently who was involved with a campaign\nagainst hunting in a particular park. He withdrew from the campaign\nand explained to me that he decided that what the hunters were doing\nwas really no different from what he was doing in buying and eating\nmeat from his local supermarket and since he certainly was not about\nto give that up, he couldnā€™t see the logic in opposing hunting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd, of course, he was right.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was talking with another person who had, for years, been involved in\nthe campaign to stop the clubbing of seals. She withdrew from that\ncampaign because she decided that there really was no difference\nbetween seal fur and the fur, wool, or skin of any other animal and\nsince she wasnā€™t going to give up all animal clothing, the seal\ncampaign was really just based on the fact that animal groups could\ncash in on the fact that seals were adorably cute and that really was\nnot a good basis for a moral position.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd, of course, she was right.\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.abolitionistapproach.com/why-veganism-must-be-the-baseline/#.U7XLzihOJ8E\"\u003eWebsite\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen did he convert them to veganism???\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGary Francione on Karen Davis and UPC\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet me be clear: \u003cstrong\u003eI oppose the use of chickens as Kapparosā€“or for any\nother purpose. And\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eI like Karen Davis personally\u003c/strong\u003e ; I am glad\nthat she was out there beginning in the mid-1980s trying to sensitize\npeople to the plight of chickens, who are, with fish, the animals most\nexploited by humans but were often overlooked even by animal\nadvocates. I appreciate that she promotes veganism more than many\nother charities do but \u003cstrong\u003eI disagree with some of the welfarist\ncampaigns she has supported and I am bothered by the anti-Kapparos\ncampaign.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis is a perfect example of what is wrong with single-issue\ncampaigns: they encourage the idea that what some group does is worse\nthan what the rest of us do.\u003c/strong\u003e A single-issue campaign focused on fur\nlets everyone who wears wool or leather off the hook \u003cstrong\u003eand gives them\nan excuse to hate or attack those (mostly women) who wear fur.\u003c/strong\u003e A\nsingle issue campaign about the dolphins at Taiji allows people, many\nof whom are not even vegan, \u003cstrong\u003eto engage in vile ethnocentric and\nxenophobic hate speech\u003c/strong\u003e against the Japanese. A single-issue campaign\nagainst a squirrel-shooting in a rural community \u003cstrong\u003eencourages people\nto call those involved \u0026ldquo;rednecks\u0026rdquo;\u003c/strong\u003e and \u0026ldquo;backward\u0026rdquo; when they are doing\nnothing different from what any non-vegan does or supports. And a\ncampaign focused on Kapparos gives people an \u003cstrong\u003eexcuse to segregate the\nJews as \u0026ldquo;bad people.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSingle-issue campaigns are, on many levels, a very bad idea. They\nserve one primary purpose: fund-raising devices for animal\ncharities\u003c/strong\u003e. This is not to say that animal charities \u003cstrong\u003eintentionally\nembrace campaigns that they know to be counterproductive in order to\nmake money\u003c/strong\u003e. It is, however, to explain the practical motivation that\nhelps to account for why such welfare reform campaigns and\nsingle-issue campaigns are chosen and the \u003cstrong\u003efailure to see how\ncounterproductive they are\u003c/strong\u003e.\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.abolitionistapproach.com/the-kapparos-campaign-a-good-example-whats-wrong-single-issue-campaigns/#.U6nis7GYzMA\"\u003eWebsite\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGary Francione: PETA and exploitation industries are collaborators?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlthough Newkirkā€™s praise for Grandin is ostensibly bewildering, it\nmakes perfect sense. There is a \u003cstrong\u003esymbiotic relationship\u003c/strong\u003e here.\n\u003cstrong\u003eIndustry needs welfarists like Newkirk\u003c/strong\u003e to provide a positive moral\ncharacterization of their efficiency efforts. Industry needs to have\nits efforts to achieve efficiency, resulting in largely minor changes\nto the institutions of animal exploitation, declared \u0026ldquo;humane\u0026rdquo; by those\nidentified as animal advocates. \u003cstrong\u003eBut PETA needs industry as PETA uses\nthese efficiency measures to proclaim \u0026ldquo;progress\u0026rdquo; and to fundraise\u003c/strong\u003e.\nFor the most part, the campaigns of animal welfare organizations\n\u003cstrong\u003etarget economically vulnerable industry practices\u003c/strong\u003e for precisely\nthat reason. These practices are \u0026ldquo;low hanging fruit,\u0026rdquo; so there is an\neasy \u0026ldquo;victory\u0026rdquo; for fundraising purposes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs I have written in connection with this debate and elsewhere,\nincluding my academic work and blog essays, I regard the actions of\ngroups like PETA to be problematic. \u003cstrong\u003eI think that it is terribly\nwrong under any circumstance\u003c/strong\u003e to say that some form of \u0026ldquo;better\u0026rdquo;\nexploitation should be normatively endorsed when the resulting\nsituation still involves a violation of fundamental rights. To say\nthat a slave owner who beats his slaves five times a week is \u0026ldquo;better\u0026rdquo;\nthan one who beats his slaves six times a week does not mean that the\nformer is practicing \u0026ldquo;humane\u0026rdquo; slavery, or that the \u0026ldquo;better\u0026rdquo; slavery is\nmorally acceptable, or that the \u0026ldquo;better\u0026rdquo; slave owner ought to be\ndeclared a \u0026ldquo;Visionary.\u0026rdquo;\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.abolitionistapproach.com/debating-eating-animals-museum-modern-art/#.U6njXrGYzMA\"\u003eWebsite\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGary Francione: They are right but hypocrites?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere he has a major media platform to speak out as a vegan and animal\nrights supporter why horse carriages are wrong - instead, he does a\nbrief \u0026ldquo;Oh yes it is wrong of course\u0026rdquo; and attacks the horse carriage\nopponents for moral imperfection as any \u003cstrong\u003esupporter\u003c/strong\u003e of horse carriages\nwould do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo itā€™s apparent that our thinking about animals is very confused.\nGiven the grand scheme of animal use, it is somewhat arbitrary to\ntarget the carriage-horse industry. Indeed, opposition to that\nindustry by those who criticize it while chomping down on their\nburgers is based on nothing more principled than that we fetishize\nhorses but not cows. It is like sitting around the dinner table eating\nanimals while we discuss what a bad person Michael Vick was for\nfighting them.\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2014/01/17/horse-carriages-are-not-just-a-ride-in-the-park/carriage-foes-are-right-but-reveal-our-hypocrisy\"\u003eNYTimes\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGary Francione: Veganism and child abuse?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGary Francione posted an article link at his facebook page 27/06/14: It\nmay not seem so at first glance, but this is a rather demoralizing item\nabout veganism in the news and also provides a poor response to use on\nothers when such an issue is raised. Who would feed their infant child\nhard boiled eggs or steak? If he is inviting people to use this answer\nit would set the vegan advocate up for ridicule. Also, in the original\nfb post he doesnā€™t say he will write to Salon and set them straight or\nurge others to do the same.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIs veganism child abuse? A mother is arrested for infant neglect after\na hospital crisis that began with her veganism.\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.salon.com/2014/06/26/is_veganism_child_abuse/\"\u003eSalon\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese parents limited an infantā€™s diet to \u0026ldquo;soy milk and apple juice.\u0026rdquo;\nThatā€™s not a vegan diet. Thatā€™s a stupid diet. If the parents fed the\nchild nothing but hard boiled eggs or steak that the child could not\nchew or digest, we would not be reading some article titled, \u0026ldquo;Is feeding\nanimal products to an infant child abuse?\u0026rdquo; This is appallingly biased\nand just plain bad journalism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGary Francione on Vegan Outreach\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGetting people to accept the beliefs and ideology of veganism is not\neasy especially as industry and social culture maintain so much peer\npressure against it, and when you sincerely wish to get people to change\nit is probably not a good idea to badger them with a \u0026ldquo;you must be\nmorally perfect\u0026rdquo; right from the start. You can run the risk of\nsabotaging the effort and making them regard all future vegan entreaties\nwith hostility (as well as spreading bad publicity to others about\nveganism). And yet, here we see Francione \u003ca href=\"http://www.examiner.com/article/a-critique-of-vegan-outreach-literature\"\u003echime in to support a demand\nfor vegan perfectionism in\nadvocacy\u003c/a\u003e,\njust as a proponent of exploitation industries would demand of animal\nrights protestors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile Donald Watson, who coined the word \u0026ldquo;vegan,\u0026rdquo; was not advocating\npersonal purity or moral perfection, Francione has a different view (in\nline with the views of exploitation supporter attacks on animal rights\nadvocates).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Vegan\u0026rdquo; Outreach maintains that itā€™s okay to eat meat and other animal\nproducts on occasion and we should not seek \u003cstrong\u003epersonal purity.\u003c/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"http://www.veganoutreach.org/EIYLM.pdf\"\u003e(VO\npdf\u003c/a\u003e) In my view, \u003cstrong\u003ethatā€™s not\nvegan outreach-itā€™s vegan bashing\u003c/strong\u003e. If you care about veganism,\nconsider whether supporting \u0026ldquo;Vegan\u0026rdquo; Outreach is a good idea.\n(\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/abolitionistapproach/posts/158706247497247\"\u003eFacebook\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGary Francione: Vegans must be morally perfect? What about human\nrights activists?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGetting the public to pay attention to vegan/animal rights messages is\ndifficult, and for those who think that the torture and death of\nbillions of nonhumans is an infinitely greater concern than the risk of\noffending some peopleā€™s beliefs on race and gender in advertising\nimagery, the use of nudity or comparisons to racial injustice is\nconsidered acceptable and/or necessary. Whether such imagery is\neffective is another debate entirely. Francione is demanding that animal\nrights activists strive for moral perfection and avoid anything that\nwould violate total allegiance to human rights beliefs. But does he make\nthe same demand that human rights advocates avoid speciesism? He does\nnot say, but his demand is exactly what supporters of exploitation\nindustries have demanded of animal rights activists.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e2. Those who reject speciesism are committed to rejecting racism,\nsexism, heterosexism, and other forms of discrimination as well.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExplanation: \u003cstrong\u003eSome animal advocates maintain that the \u0026ldquo;animal\nmovement\u0026rdquo; does not take a position on other forms of discrimination.\nThat is not correct.\u003c/strong\u003e Those of us who want justice for nonhumans are\nnecessarily committed to justice for humans and for an end to human\ndiscrimination as well as discrimination against nonhumans. The animal\nmovement should not, for example, be perpetuating sexism as a means to\nthe end of animal rights. Sexism involves the commodification of\nwomen. Commodification is the problem, and not the solution.\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.abolitionistapproach.com/some-thoughts-on-the-abolitionist-approach/#.U7MIr7GYzMA\"\u003eWebsite\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"additional-critiques-of-nathan-winograd-andor-gary-francione\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eAdditional Critiques of Nathan Winograd and/or Gary Francione \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#additional-critiques-of-nathan-winograd-andor-gary-francione\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.whypetaeuthanizes.com/\"\u003eWhy PETA Euthanizes\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWebsite devoted to answering Winogradā€™s attacks, not to be confused with\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.whypetakills.org\"\u003eWhy PETA Kills\u003c/a\u003e although that is what\nWinograd likely hopes will happen as he created that website in response\nto the other.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. David Sztybel Blogs:\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://davidsztybel.blogspot.ca/2008/07/negativism-in-francione-and-avoiding.html\"\u003eNegativism in Francione, and Avoiding Negativism towards\nFrancione\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://davidsztybel.blogspot.ca/2008/06/playing-into-hands-of-animal-exploiters.html\"\u003ePlaying into the Hands of Animal\nExploiters\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://davidsztybel.blogspot.ca/2008/06/test-period.html\"\u003eThe Test\nPeriod\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://davidsztybel.blogspot.ca/2013/09/complacency-about-minorities.html\"\u003eDemolishing the Absurd Myth of Complacency with 10%\nSupport\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"http://davidsztybel.blogspot.ca/2008/06/am-i-obsessed-with-gary-francione-no.html\"\u003eAm I Obsessed with Gary Francione?\nNo.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.veggieboards.com/forum/60-vegan-support-forum/124720-video-i-m-vegan-gary-francione-2.html\"\u003eI\u0026rsquo;m Vegan: Gary\nFrancione\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2014/05/no_kill_animal_shelters_and_peta_what_is_the_most_humane_way_to_treat_stray.html\"\u003eAre No-Kill Shelters Good for Cats and\nDogs?\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Anger Is One Letter Short of Danger", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/cari/anger-is-one-letter-short-of-danger/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/cari/anger-is-one-letter-short-of-danger/", "authors": [ { "name": "Cari" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe weight of anger is far heavier than the weight of joy. In itā€™s most\nvicious form, anger can lead to murder; joy easily distributes love,\neven in itā€™s simplest form. While both are natural emotions to our\ngenetic make-up, we can choose to possess more of the one which we\ndesire to encompass most often, but often times it seems we are\ndisplaying the less desired one. There are many ways to prevent and\nmanage anger, which if obtained, consequently leads to more joy. A most\nbasic technique in preventing anger is by providing your body with the\nproper chemicals. Dealing with anger once it arises is a matter of\nacknowledgement and understanding.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou are what you eat. Weā€™ve heard it a million times, us Americans at\nleast; yet most of us think it nothing more than a funny little saying\nwith little to no meaning. Moods, feelings, emotions, and thoughts come\nfrom the brain which heavily relies on us to provide it with nutritious\nand well-balanced meals that the body can convert to energy. Without the\nproper ingredients, our bodies cannot formulate the proper fuel. Itā€™s as\nsimple, yet seemingly to our culture, as complicated as that. When\npeople choose to fuel their bodies with ā€˜junk,ā€™ unnatural chemicals, and\nan overwhelming amount of certain chemicals which in actuality our\nbodies need very little of, the results are nothing short of\ndevastating. Our moods and thoughts dictate our behavior, so if we art\nto eat essentially poisonous ā€˜foods,ā€™ we have little choice but to act\nin poisonous ways. Fueling our bodies with chemicals that clog our\nsystem lead to unwanted feelings as our brain simply is not capable of\nproducing the ā€˜happyā€™ chemicals that bestow positive moods. The most\nappalling part in all of this is that we have been led to believe that\nanger, stress, anxiety, and depression are a normal part of daily life.\nWeā€™ve been lead to believe that we are stressed out due to other\ncircumstances; lead to believe that by taking more chemicals\n(pharmaceuticals), that they will ease our tension and ā€˜cureā€™ our\nailments. Truth be told, you are what you eat. If you eat foods abundant\nin essential vitamins, your body will be abundant in essential vitamins.\nLikewise, if you eat foods high in fat, processed to have a long-lasting\nshelf life, and coming from antibiotic and growth hormone-pumped\nanimals, then your body will be full of those disturbing substances and\nyour mood and behavior will adapt accordingly. While eating the wrong\nfoods does not directly cause anger, it certainly plays a major role in\noneā€™s ability to avoid feelings of aggression. Eating foods that have\nbeen proven to promote the health of our bodies, will also promote a\nhealthy mind-set much more readily suited to cope with any outside\nstressors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen we are in a state of anger or are desiring to act aggressively, it\nis usually because we are feeling pain that we have not yet dealt with.\nWe become angry either because we donā€™t understand why someone or\nsomething would cause us such pain, or because we are impatient and\ndonā€™t understand why something is not getting done fast enough. Whatever\nthe initial cause of the anger is, lies the answer in subduing and\nridding ourselves of feeling as though we must resort to other negative\nemotions such as jealousy, spite, hate, and vengeance. It is easier and\nin society, more accepted, to display aggression than to display pain.\nOddly enough, to the trained eye, anyone who knows this bit of\ninformation can easily see pain through aggressive behavior and can also\nsee that the pain is quite deeply rooted and is not being dealt with. It\nis akin to pushing a dog into a corner until finally, at one impulsive\nmoment, the dog fights back. We must learn to acknowledge, accept, and\nhandle our pain if we are to manage our anger in positive ways.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome handle their anger by taking short walks, screaming into pillows,\nbreathing exercises, and a vast number of other remedies which usually\nallow our adrenaline to become more diluted and channel out of our\nbodies. Personally, I eat healthily, exercise regularly, and manage my\npain in order to prevent mood swings and promote happiness in my\nfundamental temperament. When stressful situations do arise, I am then\nless likely to resort to anger and instead am usually the mediator in\nhaving the ability to see the underlying issues of the circumstance. Of\ncourse anger is a natural emotion which all emotional beings experience\nat times throughout life. When these times arise for me, the best I can\noffer is an apology and honest explanation which ensures that both\nmyself and other witnessing individuals are given the opportunity to\nunderstand, forgive, and move on from the moment rather than allowing it\nto linger and cause more pain. I was not always so understanding of\nanger management as you can tell by this poem I wrote in January of\n2000:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMy Hatred Grows\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEveryday my hatred grows,\u003cbr\u003e\nMy veins are tunnels for burning blood,\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd every second the fire flows,\u003cbr\u003e\nMy soulā€™s been drowned into this flood.\u003cbr\u003e\nThe world around me spinning fast,\u003cbr\u003e\nBeautiful people who love their lives,\u003cbr\u003e\nAn evil spell upon me has been cast,\u003cbr\u003e\nHappiness and love are sullied lies.\u003cbr\u003e\nEvery minute this hatred builds,\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd every hour it grows stronger,\u003cbr\u003e\nMy heart racing, it wants to die,\u003cbr\u003e\nIf I could just hold off a little longer\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs you can tell by the poem, the key line is ā€˜happiness and love are\nsullied lies,ā€™ which references to why Iā€™m angry in the first place. I\ncan attest today that Iā€™ve evolved and come to know where pain arises\nand now have the understanding to deal with it without feeling the way I\nmust have felt in writing this poem. It is my understanding through\nexperience that Iā€™ve come to realize that anger is merely a side-effect\nof pain and I believe that if everyone knew and recognized this within\nthemselves, our world would be a far less aggressive place.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Animal Guardianship", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/tricia/animal-guardianship/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/tricia/animal-guardianship/", "authors": [ { "name": "Tricia" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAbout 3 times a year I send money to different dog and cat rescue groups\nto pull dogs and cats from high kill shelters, especially those who are\nstill gassing former pets to death. It\u0026rsquo;s pretty awful to see these once\nbeloved animals turned over to shelters for such frivolous excuses as:\n\u0026ldquo;\u003cem\u003ewe just had a baby and don\u0026rsquo;t have time to care for our cat\u003c/em\u003e\u0026rdquo;, or \u0026ldquo;\u003cem\u003ewe\nare now working longer hours and it is a shame to crate our poor dog all\nday long\u003c/em\u003e\u0026rdquo;. The list of reasons for dumping pets is endless.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you look into the eyes of these used up pets it\u0026rsquo;s obvious they are\nin great distress. Many cats are hiding in corners while dogs are\ncowering in corners. Others are jumping up and barking at every human\nthat passes by their prison cell begging for attention and to be set\nfree. These dogs and cats did nothing to deserve such blatant disrespect\nand lack of care from their previous owners. I use the word owner\nbecause that is all these animals were to most; simply property to be\ndisposed of when no longer needed or wanted.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany of these pets were obtained for birthday presents, Christmas gifts\nor just bought on a whim. I think it\u0026rsquo;s time that before anyone is\nallowed to take an animal into their home they should have to take a\ntest and have a background check. Now I realize this seems unreasonable\nsince shelters are over-flowing all year round and millions of healthy\nanimals are killed every day, but too many animals are being abused and\nneglected due to irresponsible people adopting them. Many shelters are\ntoo eager to give these animals to people to make room for more strays,\nand throwaways.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was recently at one of our own shelters and I noticed a beautiful\nfemale dog named Ella. I asked why she keeps getting returned. The\nvolunteer I was talking with said this dog was so traumatized that they\nwould be very particular to who she would go to the next time. Seems\neach time she was adopted out, she was brought back because those she\nwent home with didn\u0026rsquo;t realize how much work and responsibility a dog\nwas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhy were they even allowed to adopt her in the first place? Animals are\nnot inanimate objects devoid of feeling to be bounced around from home\nto home, often times ending up killed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I suggest people adopting any animal be made to take a written test\nand if they have animals provide vet records and references as well\nhaving an interview. This should not be difficult. I myself would be\nmore than willing to submit to a test and bring records as well as\nreferences.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s just too easy to get a pet on a whim and dump that pet when tired\nof the responsibility. The same would go for pet stores (although it\nshould be illegal for pet stores to sell animals) and we would finally\nsee more guardians and less owners.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimals in our homes should be considered family members and a life time\ncomittment, given the love and care they deserve.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Animal Rights and Wrongs", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/animal-rights-and-wrongs/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sangeeta/animal-rights-and-wrongs/", "authors": [ { "name": "Sangeeta" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eFor centuries people have exploited, mutilated and abused animals in\ncountless ways, oblivious of animal\u0026rsquo;s sentience. Today a new movement\nrising is questioning societies use and abuse of non-human animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe animal righton movement states that animal have a right to swim if\nthey have fins, fly if they have wings, and run if they have feet.\nFrom killing animals for experimentation or for food, using them to do\nsilly tricks, putting them on display, or hunting them for fun and\nalleged sport, animals bear the brunt of society\u0026rsquo;s violence. If only\nwe can realize the value of all life, and see animals as sentient and\nnecessary in the web of life, the world can then see that when we live\nin harmony with nature, we can find peace.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimals have won the affection of millions in America. The media exposes\nan image of animals as cute, cuddly and furry creatures. However, many\npeople do not know that animals are sentient beings with complex lives\nand deep emotions. (Montgomery 257) There has been a provocative\ndialogue between those who use animals for perceived human benefits, and\nthose that are fighting for the freedom of animals from use and abuse by\nhumans. (Nelkin and Jasper 9) This beautiful poem captures the essence\nof what the animal righton movement is trying to portray (Newkirk 3):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCoat with fur\u003cbr\u003e\nHat with feathers,\u003cbr\u003e\nLobster broiled alive,\u003cbr\u003e\nShoes and bags in sundry leathers\u003cbr\u003e\nOf animals who\u0026rsquo;ve died.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHunted, trapped, and torn apart\u003cbr\u003e\nFor me to satisfy\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd, who am?\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd what my rank?\u003cbr\u003e\nThat I may live\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd they must die?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSkeptical individuals who do not know much about animal righton often\nbombard activists with many questions about ethics. A common asked is,\n\u0026ldquo;What if a house was burning down, whom would you save, a baby or the\ndog?\u0026rdquo; This all or nothing attitude serves neither side. Rights activists\ncan come back and say \u0026ldquo;Well, if you were in a burning house with Lassie\nin one room and baby Hitler in another, who would you save?\u0026rdquo; Rather than\nplaying analytical word games, we can join together to stand up for\ninjustice to all living beings. As Chief Seattle so eloquently put it,\n\u0026ldquo;All things are connectedā€¦ Man did not weave the web of life, he is\nmerely a strand it. Whatever he does to the web, he does to himself.\u0026rdquo;\n(Robbins 381) So the question is not a dog versus a baby, rather it is\nhumanity versus insanity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u0026lsquo;other side\u0026rsquo; will argue that they are only animals, what do they\nknow. They believe animals are stupid and we as humans are intelligent\ntherefore we are superior. If we look at retarded children, they\ncertainly do not have the same thinking abilities of able-children, but\nthat does not make them any less sentient, or any less able to deal with\npain. Since when has intelligence been an excuse for violence? After all\nwe are the only species to ever devise nuclear weapons, the only species\nto put our own kind in concentration camps.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResearch has proven time and time again that animals are able to feel\nsimilar emotions to humans. The work of Jane Goodall has opened the eyes\nof the world to the inner life of our closest relatives- chimpanzees.\nShe found that they could be sad, angry, jealous, playful and most\nimportantly show much compassion to each other (Goodall 249) This fact\nis often erroneously argued that emotions may apply to primates, but\nrats and fish don\u0026rsquo;t feel pain. A biologist at Cornell University of said\nthat \u0026quot; The nervous system of a fish is similar to that of any other\nmammal, hence fish do feel pain.\u0026quot; (Save Our Schools) As for rats, well\nask anyone who has had a pet rat. They love to be petted and loved, and\nthey can even do little chores for you. Rats, cats and dogs have been\nknown to go into a burning building several times even when they get\nsevere burns, to save their own babies. (Newkirk 45)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother argument that is used is that animals cannot talk. They can\u0026rsquo;t\ntalk like humans because they do not have human vocal cords. Some\nanimals have learned to communicate through sign language, but can we\ncommunicate like animals? Many animals have such sophisticated means of\ncommunicated that they would leave us in the dust.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Dolphins, for example, use echo location, bats use sonar, octopuses and\ncuttle fish use fantastic color waves and patterns that ripple through\ntheir bodies, and bees flap their wings at varying speeds to give\ncomplicated directions to flower beds.\u0026rdquo; (Newkirk 12)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince through the facts we have established some forms of intelligence\nand emotional abilities in animals, it is reasonable to assume that they\nare indeed sentient and thinking beings worthy of our respect. Animal\nrighton is based on the philosophy and the belief of the inherent value\nof all living beings: a value in their own right which is not reducible\nto their usefulness to human beings. All species should be treated with\nrespect. We must break the barriers that we have built between ourselves\nand the rest of creation to extend love and compassion to all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany philosophical theories imperil animals. The Natural Law Theory is\none which states that we should promotes basic human good and never\nviolate it. (Reagan 147) According to this theory an animal can be used\nby humans if it can somehow promote the good of human beings. Some of\nthe ways that humans use animals for their own benefit are the\nfollowing:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn circuses animals are trained, rather forced to learn tricks that\nthey would not naturally do out in the wild. Are we really that\ndesperate to have a laugh at the price of another\u0026rsquo;s suffering? (Nelkin\nand Jasper 157)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnimals are caught in dangerous and extremely painful traps for their\nfurs. People wear these furs as a fashion statement. Never knowing\nthat it can take about 40 -100 animals to make one fur coat. But in\nrecent times many models are realizing that compassion is in fashion.\nThey are realizing that fur coats cost many animals aCari and want no\npart in it. (Nelkin and Jasper 138)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMillions of innocent animals are shot for a cruel and a poor excuse\nfor a sport -hunting. This activity is certainly not a sport because\nthere is only one player- the hunter. The animals definitely are not\nwilling candidates. (Nelkin and Jasper 82)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver 8 billion animals are slaughtered every year in America alone for\nhuman consumption. Maternal deprivation, loneliness, pain and constant\nconfinement are just some of the items on the \u0026ldquo;menu.\u0026rdquo; Medical research\nfor years has shown that a vegetarian diet is the ideal diet for all\nhumans. (Nelkin and Jasper 147)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese are just a few of the ways that humans have used animals. We have\nexploited animals in every way possible, without ethical justification\nand feelings of remorse. Humans still have to learn how to live in peace\nwith themselves, as well as all creation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs Albert Schweitzer puts it, \u0026ldquo;Until he extends his circle of compassion\nto all living things, man will not find peace.\u0026rdquo;\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.peta.org\"\u003ePETA\u003c/a\u003e). Also, the great philosopher and scholar\nPythagoras says, \u0026ldquo;As long as man continues to be the ruthless destroyer\nof lower living beings, he will never know health or peace. Indeed, he\nwho sows the seeds of murder and pain cannot reap joy and love.\u0026rdquo;\n(Newkirk 57) The future for animals is looking bright now that many\npeople are becoming aware of the suffering of animals, and are joining\nin a movement of millions raising their voices for peace for all living\nbeings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTODO\u003cbr\u003e\nlinks of relevance\u003cbr\u003e\nlibrary references\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Animals in the Vernacular", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/tricia/animals-in-the-vernacular/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/tricia/animals-in-the-vernacular/", "authors": [ { "name": "Tricia" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eWhile driving to work one day, out of frustration I heard myself say\naloud to another driver \u0026ldquo;you\u0026rsquo;re driving like a turtle\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;move along\nlittle doggie\u0026rdquo;. It bothers me to drive slowly since there are many other\nplaces I prefer to be than in a car.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat bothered me more that day was that in one sentence I used animals\nas similies twice. It occurred to me how many times I have said: he\nworks like a horse, who let the cat out of the bag, eats like a pig,\nlike water off a duck\u0026rsquo;s back, he\u0026rsquo;s a little ham, scaredy cat, and\nfeeling sheepish. Most of us have grown up with language that uses\nanimals as analogies, similies and metaphors and have not given much\nnotice to how demoralizing it is to use animals in a negative context.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince I prefer animals to people, I thought it is about time I start to\nthink before I speak. I used to sing a ditty that goes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eyou can tell a man who boozes by the company he chooses, so the pig\ngot up and slowly walked away\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI think that is a compliment to the pig, but just the same\ninappropriate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s alright to call a cowardly human a coward, but certainly not a\nweasel as I personally have done. My own brother, Kevin, who is deaf\ntold me yesterday when I called him silly, that he is a wise owl. How\nmany times have we heard that someone has a memory like an elephant or\nthat a doting mother is like a mother hen? Is it okay to show animals\nsuch as a hen in a positive light when comparing her to a good human\nmother or praise an elephants memory? Last time I was with my\ngranddaughter I accused her of having ants in her pants because she was\nshowing impatience. When she was dressed up I said she was the cat\u0026rsquo;s\nmeow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI never realized how often I use animals while speaking until I made a\nconcerted effort to censor my speech: sly as a fox, a slithering snake,\na bird in the hand, dumb as an ox, smells a little fishy, stop beating a\ndead horse, silly goose, a horse of a different color, stubborn as a\nmule, on a wild goose chase, walking on eggs, and referring to animals\ncrammed into trucks to be taken to slaughter as packed like sardines.\nThere\u0026rsquo;s more than one way to skin a cat, takes the cake! I have not used\nall of these phrases, especially the last, but have used my share.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is really amazing how conditioned many of us are and how difficult it\ncan be to strive for change, even little changes. Alec Baldwin, who is a\nvegan and animal activist, had his phone message left for his daughter,\ncalling her a selfish little piggy, smeared all over the world by the\nmedia and put on youtube. It seemed shocking to hear an activist refer\nto his daughter as a selfish piggy, but, I\u0026rsquo;m sure he did not think of\nwhat he was saying while speaking from frustration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t like profanity, vulgarity or slang, and I especially don\u0026rsquo;t like\nanimals being referred to in a negative way. What\u0026rsquo;s the saying? \u0026ldquo;so soon\nwe get old, so late we get smart\u0026rdquo;. I think that is appropriate, but\nbetter late than never.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Anti Supplements? Why?", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/debbie-took/anti-supplements-why/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/debbie-took/anti-supplements-why/", "authors": [ { "name": "Debbie Took" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003e[Our thanks to Debbie Took for allowing reprinting from her original\n\u003ca href=\"http://debbietookrawforlife.blogspot.com/2008/08/anti-supplements-why.html\"\u003eblog\u003c/a\u003e.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLet\u0026rsquo;s start with the disclaimer. Not a doctor. Not a dietician. Not a\nbiochemist. Not a \u0026lsquo;raw food guru\u0026rsquo;. Just a raw food coach who blogs. In\nfact, I don\u0026rsquo;t even possess a chemistry O-level. As with any blog\narticle, this article represents my personal opinion (together with the\nopinions of others working in the health field, including a raw food\nguru or two!) and is not intended to diagnose, treat, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving got all that out of the wayā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eit is interesting that when people move from a cooked-food diet, where\nall sorts of enzymes, vitamins and minerals are cooked out of food, to a\nraw food diet, where all those enzymes, vitamins and minerals are -\nhooray - left intact, that they are then subjected to sales pitches from\nthose who tell them that their raw food diet is not as wonderful as they\nthought, that there are very likely things missing in the diet, and that\nto achieve optimum nutritionā€¦buy their supplements. In fact, one\nluminary has now gone so far as to say that it is \u0026rsquo;not possible\u0026rsquo; to meet\nall our mineral needs through a raw food diet, and that if we take his\nspecial course we will then find out what minerals will be \u0026lsquo;missing\u0026rsquo; and\n\u0026lsquo;where to get them from\u0026rsquo;(!). Statements of this kind will concern many a\nraw fooder,particularly those who can\u0026rsquo;t afford to buy these supplements\nanyway, so I think it only fair to point out that many people in the raw\nfood world do not share his opinion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat do I mean by \u0026lsquo;supplements\u0026rsquo;? Extracts, mixtures of extracts, sold in\npowder, capsule or liquid form. One thing most of them have in common is\nthat they are very expensive - around Ā£50-80.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis article is biased. I\u0026rsquo;m generally anti supplements. This articles\noutlines the case \u003cem\u003eagainst\u003c/em\u003e supplements. Why? Because, if you want to\nfind the case \u003cem\u003efor\u003c/em\u003e any supplement, it\u0026rsquo;s very easy. Just google, and you\nwill find thousands (more) of words extolling its virtues. 95% is\nwritten by those selling supplements. The remainder is from users\nconvinced of their benefits.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlease note my use of the word \u003cem\u003egenerally\u003c/em\u003e. I am \u003cem\u003egenerally\u003c/em\u003e\nanti-supplements. What this means is that I\u0026rsquo;ll \u0026rsquo;never say never\u0026rsquo;, and if\nat any point I\u0026rsquo;m convinced that a supplement would be the right thing\nfor me, I\u0026rsquo;ll take one. Whether or not raw vegans need to take Vitamin\nB12 for example is a hugely- debated area. At present I do not\nsupplement for B12. There are many healthy long-term raw vegans who do\nnot, and some symptoms that have been attributed to B12 deficiency may\nwell be due to other factors, eg deficiencies of other vitamins/poor\nabsorption. But - OK - I\u0026rsquo;ll admit I\u0026rsquo;m not totally sure on the B12 thing,\nbut I\u0026rsquo;d be far more likely to switch to a raw vegetarian diet than\nsupplement. And be assured that whatever your favourite \u0026lsquo;raw foodguru\u0026rsquo;\nsays about B12, there\u0026rsquo;ll be another equally knowledgeable person that\nwill have his own set of compelling evidence that the opposite is the\ncase.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlso, I will always support my fellow raw foodists\u0026rsquo; decisions to do\nwhatever they feel is best for their health, and their children\u0026rsquo;s\nhealth. Two raw foodist mothers - Shazzie and Holly - have come under\nfire on raw food forums recently. Both felt for various reasons that\ntheir children\u0026rsquo;s raw vegan diets were not what they could be, and made\nthe decision to add to their diets. Shazzie initially chose\nvegan+supplements, then added a little raw egg yolk to her daughter\u0026rsquo;s\ndiet. Holly chose to add raw dairy to her children\u0026rsquo;s diets. Behind each\nof these decisions was a lot of thought and research and the motivation\nwas to do the very best for their children. If it were me, and I felt\nthe raw vegan diet needed something more, I would be more inclined to\nadd raw vegetarian foods than supplement, but that\u0026rsquo;s based on what I\nhave come to understand about supplements and what makes intuitive sense\nto me. But let\u0026rsquo;s all be prepared to admit that however strongly held our\nbeliefs, and however much \u0026lsquo;science\u0026rsquo; we\u0026rsquo;ve found to back our case (and\nit\u0026rsquo;s always possible to find some!), any one of us could be wrong.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI\u0026rsquo;ve written this article because those who say they are \u0026lsquo;anti\u0026rsquo;\nsupplements are challenged regularly. I can quite see why the\nstatement\u0026rsquo;I don\u0026rsquo;t believe in supplements\u0026rsquo; can seem narrow/closed-minded.\nIt can seem that the \u0026lsquo;anti\u0026rsquo; supplementers haven\u0026rsquo;t considered the facts,\nare forgetting that \u0026lsquo;we\u0026rsquo;re all different\u0026rsquo; (and similarā€¦), aren\u0026rsquo;t\nsufficiently concerned about demineralised soil. Etc. But whilst some\nraw foodists just instinctively don\u0026rsquo;t want to put anything into their\nbodies other than raw plant foods in the form in which they grow\nnaturally, others do have a fuller rationale, but find the thought of\ncommunicating a view of nutrition (and disease) that is a little\ndifferent from that of the world at large (and of many raw fooders)\nsomewhat daunting. Soā€¦I\u0026rsquo;m going to have a go here, and if anyone would\nlike to use this article in discussion, please feel free to link to it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlease note that I am NOT arguing whether supplements are a good idea or\nnot for the average cooked-food eater. I am discussing the case against\nsupplements for those on a diet of raw plant foods, where the majority\nof the food is organic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-supplement1.jpg\" alt=\"y-supplement1.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"where-is-the-evidence-that-raw-foodists-are-nutrient-deficient\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhere Is The Evidence That Raw Foodists Are Nutrient-Deficient? \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#where-is-the-evidence-that-raw-foodists-are-nutrient-deficient\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo many of us switch to raw food, see ailments vanish, feel better than\nwe ever have done before, then join raw food forums, and sooner or\nlaterā€¦the dampers kick in, as we\u0026rsquo;re persuaded by other raw foodists, and\nparticularly by those selling supplements, that we are likely to be, or\nwill become, deficient in various nutrients.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe can\u0026rsquo;t be felled on the \u0026lsquo;biggies\u0026rsquo; - protein, calciumā€¦there\u0026rsquo;s ample out\nthere to reassure us that we\u0026rsquo;re not going to go short of\nthose.Cariminerals (many of which we\u0026rsquo;d never heard of before) - even\nthough we\u0026rsquo;re in fact ingesting far more of them than on our previous\ncooked diets \\ according to some, the raw food diet will be failing us\nthere.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut where\u0026rsquo;s the evidence for this? In general, figures on nutrient\ndeficiencies quoted are based on the population as a whole, and this\npool will comprise mainly cooked-food meat-eaters. I\u0026rsquo;ve also seen\nfigures revealing nutrient deficiencies in ill people. The population in\ngeneral \u003cem\u003ewill\u003c/em\u003e very likely be deficient in all sorts of things as much\nof the food eaten is damaged. The population in general also consumes\nthings that are actively antagonistic to nutrients in the body, eg\nalcohol, caffeine, nicotine, birth control pills and other drugs. So,\nfor a \u003cem\u003eraw foodist\u003c/em\u003e , it\u0026rsquo;s no argument for a supplement seller to say\n\u0026lsquo;x% of \u003cem\u003epeople\u003c/em\u003e are deficient in\u0026rsquo; this/that.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt \u003cem\u003emight\u003c/em\u003e be relevant to say \u0026lsquo;x% of \u003cem\u003eraw foodists\u003c/em\u003e are deficient in\u0026rsquo;\nthis/that, although of course this would need to be based on fact. Some\nmake claims that raw food diets are deficient based on case studies of\nisolated raw foodists who had become ill - \u0026lsquo;sample size of one\u0026rsquo; studies!\nBut there could have been so many other things in those people\u0026rsquo;s lives\nthat could have contributed to the ill-health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we saw a large-scale controlled study of long-term 100% raw vegans\nwho take no supplements were \u0026lsquo;deficient\u0026rsquo; in a certain nutrient, well,\nyes, that would be interesting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut then we\u0026rsquo;d have to look at what \u0026lsquo;deficient\u0026rsquo; actually means. How are\nthe RDAs (recommended daily allowances) for various nutrients set? Well,\nplease someone tell me different, but googling suggests they are\nguesstimates based on averages of levels from a \u0026lsquo;pool\u0026rsquo; of \u0026lsquo;apparently\nhealthy\u0026rsquo; people in the population as a whole. Now, as we all know, the\npopulation (the majority on a SAD diet for example) isn\u0026rsquo;t that healthy.\n\u0026lsquo;Apparently healthy\u0026rsquo; people aren\u0026rsquo;t that healthy! For example, one-third\nof men aged 30-50 have prostate cancer and don\u0026rsquo;t know it\n(\u003ca href=\"http://www.prostate-cancer.org/education/nutrprod/Heber/Obesity.html\"\u003esource\u003c/a\u003e)\nof over 50\u0026rsquo;s have tumours of some sort (no source but plausible, I think\nyou\u0026rsquo;ll agree, after considering the prostate source), and \u0026lsquo;apparently\nhealthy\u0026rsquo; people suffer from a host of ailments that we\u0026rsquo;re told are\n\u0026rsquo;normal\u0026rsquo;, but which raw fooders have seen disappear with a change of\ndiet ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd, what this \u003cem\u003ecould\u003c/em\u003e mean is: the pool (of, actually, \u003cem\u003eun\u003c/em\u003e healthy\npeople) could have \u0026lsquo;x\u0026rsquo; level of a certain \u0026rsquo;nutrient\u0026rsquo; in their body. It\n\u003cem\u003ecould\u003c/em\u003e actually be far too much! And then what happens of course isā€¦the\nRDA is set from those figures, and ironically the \u0026lsquo;health-seeker\u0026rsquo;, who\neats and lives far more healthily than the average, gets \u0026lsquo;blood-tested\u0026rsquo;\nfor this nutrient, finds he\u0026rsquo;s \u0026rsquo;lacking\u0026rsquo; (of courseā€¦), then supplements\nand - phew - his level is now up to the level of the pool. He then\nfinds, to his surprise, that his health is not improving, but the\nreverseā€¦. Just a thought.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf I ever see a large-scale controlled study of \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e100% raw vegans\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\nwho take no supplements which shows on average that \u003cem\u003eill-health\u003c/em\u003e is\npresent that could reasonably be linked to a deficiency of a certain\nnutrient, then I might be persuaded to take a supplement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaven\u0026rsquo;t seen one yet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-supplement2.jpg\" alt=\"y-supplement2.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"pro-supplement-arguments---two-examples\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePro-Supplement Arguments - Two Examples \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#pro-supplement-arguments---two-examples\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s essential for those living in a cool climate to supplement for\nVitamin D.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIs it? Those who have researched this will find many conflicting\nopinions on how much sunshine is needed for the body to make Vitamin D.\nAnd, as usual, they all disagree. However, a rough average is around 15\nminutes a day. True, we have many days in the UK where sunshine isn\u0026rsquo;t\npresent. But we can store Vitamin D. So, being outside for most of the\nday on just one sunny day in the summer can make up for 24 sunless days.\nAlso, is there any point in the last few weeks where the sun has indeed\nbeen shining outside, and you\u0026rsquo;ve been on- line? Have your children ever\nplayed inside when it\u0026rsquo;s been sunny outdoors? And the sun does shine in\nthe winter - lots! Isn\u0026rsquo;t the answer to adjust our lifestyles rather than\ntake a powder?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAren\u0026rsquo;t you concerned about mineral-depleted soil?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe piece de resistance of those selling supplements to the smug raw\nfoodist. I\u0026rsquo;m quite concerned about GM foods, and irradiated foods, but\nmineral-depleted soil? No, not bothered much. Organic farmers are doing\nall sorts of things to maximise soil nutrient content, eg adding rock\npowder to soil, introducing soil-based organisms, and even adding ocean\nwater (sprinkled some on my own garden recently). Victoria Boutenko in\n\u0026lsquo;Green for Life\u0026rsquo; quotes figures that show the mineral content of organic\nplant foods to be many times higher than non-organic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd, I\u0026rsquo;ve read that although the mineral content of soil in certain\nlocales may be deficient in one or two important minerals, people who\neat plant foods grown on a wide variety of soils are unlikely to develop\nany deficiencies (an argument perhaps for \u003cem\u003enot\u003c/em\u003e always buying local\n(!)). And for those who say \u0026rsquo;not everyone can afford to buy organic\u0026rsquo; -\nif they can afford to spend Ā£70 on a \u0026lsquo;miracle\u0026rsquo; mineral supplement, yes -\nthey can.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlso, I\u0026rsquo;d suggest to anyone who\u0026rsquo;s concerned about \u0026lsquo;mineral-depleted\nsoil\u0026rsquo; to eat more fruit. It\u0026rsquo;s only the topsoil that will be affected to\nany significant degree by mineral depletion. The roots of fruit trees go\ndown a lot further than that and will bring up minerals from sub-soil,\nfrom rock layers deep in the ground. And even if a tree is deficient to\nany degree in minerals, what will happen is that it will produce less\nfruit, not \u0026lsquo;minerally-deficient\u0026rsquo; fruit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-supplement3.jpg\" alt=\"y-supplement3.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"supplements-are-unnatural\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSupplements Are Unnatural \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#supplements-are-unnatural\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn whole fresh plant foods all the nutrients are there in the\nproportions that enabled the plant to grow. Even those without chemistry\nO-levels know that chemicals work with each other rather in isolation.\nSo, when we eat a bell pepper all the vitamins and minerals in that\npepper will be there in the exact proportions that enabled that pepper\nto grow. Bell peppers are high in Vitamin C, and quite high in B6. When\nwe eat a bell pepper, there will be all sorts of vitamins and minerals\nentering our body that will work together to help our bodies use the C\nand the B6. Isn\u0026rsquo;t it safer to take nutrients in a mix that has been\nproven to work (the result being a healthy plant) than where the\nproportions of each nutrient have been decided by men?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr T Colin Campbell (The China Study) says that vitamins and minerals\nshould never be consumed in isolation of their naturally occurring state\nand that the evidence doesn\u0026rsquo;t support there being any benefits from\nconsuming isolated nutrients that way.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMike Benton (Natural Hygienist) There are now mineral supplements which\nare advertised as coming from \u0026lsquo;organic\u0026rsquo; sources. These are equally\nuseless because they exist in a fragmented state, extracted from the\nsources within which they naturally occur. Minerals do not work in\nisolation. When they are extracted from their natural sources, the other\nco-existing vitamins, minerals and enzymes are also extracted. Even if\nthey were, the process of laboratory extraction destroys any vital\nbenefits that may have been associated with the minerals. Minerals must\nbe consumed in their natural, unfragmented and organic state to be of\nany use to the body. The best mineral supplements are those naturally\noccurring in mineral-rich foods in their unprocessed state - fresh\nfruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds and sprouts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSupplements in powder form are of course also stripped of their fibre\nand water. Dr Doug Graham (80/10/10 Diet) When the water is removed, the\noxidative process that occurs has a degrading impact on the nutrients\nthat remain, leaving supplements far less nutritious than their\nwhole-food counterparts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-supplement4.jpg\" alt=\"y-supplement4.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"when-supplements-can-be-harmful\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhen Supplements Can Be Harmful \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#when-supplements-can-be-harmful\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe BBC in May 07 reported a study (US National Cancer Institute)\nshowing a link between prostate cancer and taking multivitamins more\nthan once-daily. This was an association only, it was not possible to\nsay that that the multivitamins caused the cancer, but study leader Dr\nKarla Lawson commented: \u0026lsquo;Because multivitamins contain so many different\ncomponents and men taking a lot of them were more likely to be taking\nother supplements, the researchers were unable to tease out what was\ncausing the association.\u0026rsquo; (In other words, all the supplements taken had\nmade things very complicatedā€¦)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr Alan M Immerman DC: \u0026lsquo;When one tries to provide proper nutrition by\nextracting nutrients from food and taking them in various proportions\nand quantities, there is indeed a risk of creating imbalances. The best\nway to supply vitamins to the body is to create them as nature provided\nthem - in foods.\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr Doug Graham: \u0026lsquo;ā€¦the marketers neglect to mention that too much of that\nnutrient is harmful in a variety of ways, not the least of which is the\ninevitable imbalances that result when we consume supplements of any\nkind. Most supplements are concentrated from plant foods, and despite\nour American \u0026lsquo;more is better\u0026rsquo; mindset, the body does not appreciate\nthese unnatural concentrates and has to work to expel them similarly to\nthe way it has to eliminate toxic residue from cooked foods ā€¦ Like an\namateur barber who finds himself trimming each side of the hair to make\nthings \u0026rsquo;even\u0026rsquo; until his client is bald, a person who supplements with\nsingle nutrients (or any formulation or combination of extracted\nnutrients) inevitably creates greater and more confounding imbalances,\nwhether or not the cause and effect are discernible in the short term.\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany raw fooders will be familiar with the Kouchakoff studies, in which\nit was shown that, after cooked food, there was a rush of white blood\ncells (leukocytosis) towards the digestive tract - the body perceiving\nthe cooked food as a foreign, toxic substance. The following also\nresulted in leukocytosis: drugs, medicinal herbs, andā€¦nutritional\nsupplements.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, in whom do we place our trust? Nature, or man? I\u0026rsquo;ve an underlying\ndistrust of what clever men tell me I should ingest, especially if\nthere\u0026rsquo;s a profit motive behind it. Meat marketing boards told us 50\nyears ago that we needed many more times protein than is actually the\ncase. Little comfort to those who ate lots of beefsteak and are\nsuffering from bowel cancer now. In the same era we were told that\nsmoking was good for us. Men in white coats, men in cloaks, have had us\ntaking all sorts of substances, to our destructionā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhere is the source of wisdom for what nutrients you or I could do with\ntoday - this very day? The supplement manufacturer, or our bodies? A few\nmonths ago I had a great desire for oranges. They tasted more delicious\nthan at any other time in my life - ate loads of them! I believe that\nthis was because my body at the time very much needed something in\noranges. After a while my desire for oranges lessened - perhaps because\nmy body had built up adequate reserves of whatever nutrient had been\nlacking. And that\u0026rsquo;s how that cliche \u0026rsquo;listen to your body\u0026rsquo; operates. The\nclever body can correct deficiencies all by itself by generating a\ndesire for certain foods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow on the other hand can it ever be right for an individual to take \u0026lsquo;x\u0026rsquo;\nmcg/mg of a supplement every single day - that amount decided by the\nsupplement manufacturer? Yes, the body might expel excess, but ā€¦always?\nWe know that disease occurs when the body is overburdened by the task of\nelimination.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-supplement5.jpg\" alt=\"y-supplement5.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"why-a-supplement-might-appear-to-work\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhy A Supplement Might \u003cem\u003eAppear\u003c/em\u003e To Work \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#why-a-supplement-might-appear-to-work\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirstly of course - could be the \u0026lsquo;placebo effect\u0026rsquo;. Perhaps we\u0026rsquo;re feeling\na bit \u0026lsquo;down\u0026rsquo;, physically and/or psychologically (most likely for some\nreason unconnected with diet), we\u0026rsquo;re persuaded by a supplement\nmanufacturer\u0026rsquo;s claims, we spend Ā£70 (and sure want to feel \u003cem\u003ethat\u0026rsquo;s\u003c/em\u003e\njustified!), we feel excited at taking something that\u0026rsquo;s a buzz word on\nthe raw food forums, we start taking it, we feel a bit better (which\ncould be due to all sorts of reasons), we attribute those good feelings\nto the supplement, we focus on those good feelings, which in turn create\nother good feelings, andā€¦we\u0026rsquo;re sold!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe may see a cessation of certain \u0026lsquo;symptoms\u0026rsquo;. Acne is one example of a\nbody\u0026rsquo;s trying to clean up by eliminating toxins via the skin. If we then\ningest an excess of certain nutrients via a supplement, the body may\nthen have to divert energies from house-cleaning to eliminating the\nexcess, soā€¦for a while the acne might appear to clear up! So, sadly, the\nsupplement works like a pharmaceutical drug - suppressing symptoms, but\ndoing nothing to address the underlying cause.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe may even experience euphoria - a \u0026lsquo;high\u0026rsquo; from a supplement. Some\nbelieve that substances that have been extracted from their naturally\noccurring form, or contain nutrients in too high a dose for our bodies,\nare actually toxic, and that when the body senses toxic matter it will\ncertainly move to an \u0026lsquo;all systems go\u0026rsquo; state, but as preparation for\nelimination, which results in a stimulant effect. A stimulant effect is\nthe calling card of many poisons - caffeine, nicotine etc. And of course\nwe can then get used to this stimulating effect and miss it when it\nisn\u0026rsquo;t there, resulting in a sink to a lower level of well-being that\naccompanies any drug withdrawal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo - many people are quick to link good feelings to the supplement,\nwhether these are actually due to something else in their lives, or\nwhether they\u0026rsquo;re due to the body\u0026rsquo;s efforts to eliminate. Sooner or later\nthey\u0026rsquo;ll have some \u0026lsquo;down\u0026rsquo; days again. Will they link these \u0026lsquo;down\u0026rsquo; days to\nthe supplement as well? As that would be fair, wouldn\u0026rsquo;t it? Well, no\nthey don\u0026rsquo;t and one reason is that it\u0026rsquo;s somewhat uncomfortable to\nentertain the thought that we parted with a lot of money for nothing. If\nthey\u0026rsquo;re \u0026lsquo;sold on supplements\u0026rsquo;, they may decide they need a higher dose.\nBut, more likely, they\u0026rsquo;ll wonder if they\u0026rsquo;ve got some other kind of\n\u0026lsquo;deficiency\u0026rsquo; and go back to the site selling them for another\n\u0026lsquo;wondercure\u0026rsquo;.Some people say that when they take certain supplements\nthey feel less hungry afterwards. They interpret this as a good thing\nand the supplement manufacturers tell us that this is because their\npowders are so \u0026rsquo;nutrient- dense\u0026rsquo;. But the \u0026lsquo;Natural Hygiene\u0026rsquo; view is that\nthe body will shut down appetite when it has some serious work to do, ie\neliminate a toxic invader. Again, this is why cigarettes and coffee can\ndepress appetite and why, when we are unwell, and the body is involved\nin eliminative processes (eg via sneezing, sweating etc) we do not feel\nlike food.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-supplement6.jpg\" alt=\"y-supplement6.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"greenwhite-powders-potions-nutrient-dense\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGreen/White Powders, Potions, \u0026lsquo;Nutrient-Dense\u0026rsquo; \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#greenwhite-powders-potions-nutrient-dense\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"green-powders\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eGreen Powders \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#green-powders\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere\u0026rsquo;s Frederic Patenaude, well-known raw foodist who\u0026rsquo;s \u0026rsquo;not backward in\ncoming forward\u0026rsquo;, on green powders, as he says it so well!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lsquo;This might make me a few enemies, but I believe that 99% of supplements\nand \u0026lsquo;superfoods\u0026rsquo; on the market are an absolute waste of money. It seems\nlike every time you turn your head, someone is offering the latest and\ngreatest \u0026lsquo;beauty enhancing\u0026rsquo; or \u0026lsquo;breakthrough\u0026rsquo; superfood or supplement.\nBut what if I told you something shocking yet so simple to understand:\nthere\u0026rsquo;s no \u0026lsquo;food\u0026rsquo; that arrives in a bottle, having been made in a\nfactory and sold in powdered form, that will ever compare in terms of\n\u0026lsquo;super-nutrition\u0026rsquo; to fresh fruit and vegetables. But still, almost every\nday I get an e-mail that says, \u0026lsquo;What do you think of \u003cu\u003e____\u003c/u\u003e?\u0026rsquo;\n(fill in the blank with whatever supplement or superfood is now being\npromoted as the latest \u0026lsquo;amazing\u0026rsquo; product).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlmost every supplement company has a variation of the \u0026lsquo;green powder\u0026rsquo;\nwhich is basically a powder made with dried grass, dried grass juices or\ndried vegetables and possibly algae. This powder is supposed to make\nyour body more alkaline and give you nutrition you can\u0026rsquo;t find\nelsewhereā€¦A powder of vegetables or algae can never compare in\nnutritional value to fresh vegetables, even if those vegetables are not\norganic. The real superfoods are dark green vegetables such as spinach,\nromaine lettuce, black kale, parsley, celery, arugula, and so on. With\nthe use of \u0026lsquo;green smoothies\u0026rsquo; made with fresh green veg and fruit, anyone\ncan obtain superior nutrition in a few minutes a dayā€¦green smoothies and\nfresh raw greens literally put these green powders to shame.\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(I\u0026rsquo;m sorry to say that when Fred talks of making enemies, this is\nunfortunately often the case if one speaks out against supplements.\nProminent people who\u0026rsquo;ve questioned the claims made by supplement\npromoters have been attacked, and ostracised by others in the raw food\n\u0026lsquo;community\u0026rsquo;. As a lesser- known raw fooder, I\u0026rsquo;ve found that I and others\non the raw food forums have been told that we should open our minds,\nand, of courseā€¦ the piece de resistance - the implication that we are\ndeficient - oh, that again - but inā€¦lurveā€¦ So, can I just say to anyone\nwho is upset by my presenting the arguments against ā€¦ \u003cem\u003eI don\u0026rsquo;t give a\n(ripe, juicy, whole, fresh,) fig. (Love and Light XXX).\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"white-powders\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eWhite Powders \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#white-powders\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome raw fooders rave about MSM - in fact, some even say it gives them a\nhigh! But it\u0026rsquo;s not without controversy, and I\u0026rsquo;ve seen a forum poster\ncite it as the direct cause of his mother\u0026rsquo;s health problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMSM is sulphur, in the form of a white, crystalline powder. Do we need\nsulphur? Yes - it helps build collagen (used to bind connective tissue)\nand maintain healthy joints.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAre raw foodists likely to be deficient in sulphur? The product details\nsupplied by one online supplier include this: \u0026lsquo;MSM is destroyed by\ncooking.\u0026rsquo; OK - not a problem for raw foodists then. We also read that\nMSM is deficient in foods grown \u0026lsquo;in greenhouses or through irrigation\u0026rsquo;.\nMy googling reveals that sulphur is present in the following foods\n(amongst others): avocado, blueberries, broccoli, cabbage, carrots,\ncherries, coconut, garlic, grapes, grains, nuts, seeds, onions, pulses,\npak choi, parsley, red peppers, tomatoes, and green leafy veg generally\n(eg kale, lettuce, watercress). Well, I suppose some of these may be\ngrown in greenhouses or through irrigation, but can\u0026rsquo;t see that in\ngeneral there will be a problem. (And if you have any patch of land,\nit\u0026rsquo;s very easy to grow lettuces).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMike Benton: \u0026lsquo;Almost all diets contain adequate amounts of this\nmineral.\u0026rsquo; VitaminsDiary.com: \u0026lsquo;A diet sufficient in protein is generally\nconsidered to be adequate in sulphur.\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI can\u0026rsquo;t see that there is any reason to think that the average raw\nfoodist isn\u0026rsquo;t getting all the sulphur their bodies need in their food.\nSurely the raw foodist supplementing with MSM would likely be taking\nsulphur in excess of the body\u0026rsquo;s requirements, and of course in an\nisolated form. And sulphur is a substance (along with phosphorus,\nchlorine, sulfur and silicon) which, when metabolised, forms acids in\nthe body. So is it really sensible to take sulphur in isolation from the\n(alkalising) foods it is found in naturally?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"e3-live\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eE3 Live \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#e3-live\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe only ingredient in E3 Live is a blue-green algae (or, more\naccurately, a bacteria) called alphanizomem flos-aquae. Before being\nmarketed as a \u0026lsquo;health supplement\u0026rsquo; it was known as \u0026lsquo;pond scum\u0026rsquo; or\n\u0026lsquo;slime\u0026rsquo;. It grows all over the world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI\u0026rsquo;ve seen much impressive scientific-sounding material from those\npromoting this, and even raw food gurus make all sorts of health claims\nfor it. Yet, I\u0026rsquo;ve not yet heard of any one that has been substantiated\nby a clinical trial. They also list all the amazing things the pond-scum\ncontains - \u0026rsquo;every mineral known to man\u0026rsquo;, antioxidants etc. But, as my\nfriend Roger pointed out, a cow- pat may well contain all sorts of\nvitamins, minerals, antioxidants etc that are also found in the human\nbody, but that doesn\u0026rsquo;t mean we should be eating it.If you think that the\nslime in a lake was designed for human beings to eat, or that for some\nreason a raw food diet will be inadequate without the ingestion of this,\nthen your idea of a natural diet is different from mine. Again, I\nwouldn\u0026rsquo;t be surprised to see the body considerably stimulated in an\neffort to get rid of it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"nutrient-dense-foods\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003e\u0026lsquo;Nutrient-dense\u0026rsquo; foods \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#nutrient-dense-foods\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis term is used frequently by those selling supplements (and also by\nthose selling dehydrated powdered forms of whole foods). The marketing\noften includes the words \u0026lsquo;contains all eight essential amino-acids\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJust a reminder that many more mundane foods contain \u0026lsquo;all eight\nessential amino-acids\u0026rsquo; as well. Here\u0026rsquo;s a clue to one: it\u0026rsquo;s long, it\u0026rsquo;s\nyellowā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsually supplement marketing will contain long lists of figures relating\nto various nutrients. A thought on thoseā€¦the \u0026lsquo;superfood\u0026rsquo; powders are of\ncourse \u003cem\u003efresh, whole foods that have had water removed.\u003c/em\u003e If we take a\nfresh, whole plant food with x% protein, x% vitamins in it, by weight,\nand then remove all the water, and measure the percentages again by\nweight, because the food weighs far less when dehydrated, all the\nnutrient percentages will shoot up!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd of course even if the manufacturers look at grams of nutrients\nrather than percentages, what they\u0026rsquo;ll be then doing is looking at grams\nper, eg 100g, of the powder. Well, if we compare 100g of the powder with\n100g of the fresh, the powder will of course contain many more of the\nplant food than the fresh, again, because dehydrated food weighs less.\nSo, actual grams of nutrients per 100g will be higher as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo you could take any fresh fruit or vegetable, dehydrate it, and, hey\npresto - \u0026lsquo;superfood\u0026rsquo;! Now IF we were to ingest the same weight of powder\nas we would of the fresh whole food it\u0026rsquo;s made from, then we might\nbenefit from this nutrient concentration. But we don\u0026rsquo;t. Typically, we\nmight be directed to have a spoonful or two. And we\u0026rsquo;d normally rehydrate\nthis in water - perhaps in a smoothie. So that would bring us pretty\nmuch back to where we\u0026rsquo;d be if we\u0026rsquo;d eaten the fresh whole food instead!\nAnd how much better it would have been to have fresh, whole plant food\n(at a fraction of the price) rather than have it dehydrated, ground,\nstored, packed and shipped.I wonder what the price of these foods (often\nfrom South America) is over there? Even taking into account\ntransportation, storage costs etc, I\u0026rsquo;m going to guess that these are\nhigh- profit items. Could be that they\u0026rsquo;re quite common-place to the\nlocals and that they\u0026rsquo;d be quite surprised (amused?) to hear of us paying\nĀ£15 a bag, and not even fresh ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"liquid-zeolite\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eLiquid zeolite \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#liquid-zeolite\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI know raw foodists who swear by this. Here\u0026rsquo;s an \u003ca href=\"http://www.zeohealth.com/LIQUIDZEOLITEresponse.pdf\"\u003ealternative\nview\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-supplement7.jpg\" alt=\"y-supplement7.jpg\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"conclusion\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eCONCLUSION \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#conclusion\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe spur for writing this article came after seeing someone challenge a\nraw foodist who advocated no supplements as making a \u0026lsquo;blanket\nstatement\u0026rsquo;. I\u0026rsquo;ve tried to show that, behind the \u0026lsquo;blanket statement\u0026rsquo; is a\nrationale, ie we do have a reason or two for saying what we do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI did say in the intro that I\u0026rsquo;d \u0026rsquo;never say never\u0026rsquo; re supplementation,\nbut do believe there is ample evidence to suggest that supplementing is\ncertainly unnecessary for the majority of raw foodists, probably\nunnecessary for any raw foodist, and that it could even be harmful in\nsome circumstances.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you\u0026rsquo;re considering spending upwards of Ā£50 on a supplement, ask\nyourself why. Before you saw the marketing blurb, before you saw the\nexcited testimonies of raw fooders, did you actually feel any symptoms\nof deficiency? Did you feel that your raw food diet was lacking? Indeed,\nwere you even on a raw food diet? (high-raw diets are excellent - light\nyears healthier than the average cooked diet, but until the diet is 100%\nraw, raw food has not had a truly fair test). Before you heard about the\nsupplement, were you ill? And if so, are you sure your food was to\nblame? There are all sorts of things that affect our physical and\npsychological well-being other than food. Were all these things right?\nSleep, fresh air, sunshine, exercise, relationships, occupation? Any\nconflicts, stresses?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCheck out the ingredients list. Use Wikipedia to find out what each\nthing actually is. If it\u0026rsquo;s a chemical, google it together with \u0026lsquo;food\nsources\u0026rsquo; and see if it\u0026rsquo;s something that isn\u0026rsquo;t contained in whole, fresh,\nraw foods you can buy at a fraction of the price. And if it\u0026rsquo;s not found\nin whole, fresh, raw foods ask yourself whether it should really be\ngoing into your body.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsider the arguments of those \u0026lsquo;anti\u0026rsquo; supplements I\u0026rsquo;ve outlined above.\nConsider whether listening to the desires of your body for certain foods\nthroughout the day, the week, the seasons, might be a more reliable\nindicator of what vitamins and minerals your body requires than extracts\nand mixes put together by supplement manufacturers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAsk yourself whether a diet full of raw foods (ie for the first time in\nyour life you are eating foods with nutrients \u003cem\u003eintact\u003c/em\u003e ) will be\n\u0026rsquo;lacking\u0026rsquo; in some way.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr Doug Graham: \u0026lsquo;All the vitamins, minerals and nutrients any body needs\nare amply supplied through the variety of fruits, vegetables and leafy\ngreens found in a healthful dietā€¦The raw food kitchen need not include\njars, bottles, boxes, cans, bags, capsules, powders, remedies, potions,\npills, or tinctures of any kind\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Anti-Human Supremacy Animal Rights Argument", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/anti-human-supremacy-animal-rights-argument/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/anti-human-supremacy-animal-rights-argument/", "authors": [ { "name": "KG" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThis essay is intended to offer a stronger alternative argument in\naccessible language for extending ethical regard and rights to nonhuman\nlife forms than the \u0026ldquo;speciesism equals racism\u0026rdquo; and sentience/suffering\ncriteria approach that is widely used in the animal rights debate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is an examination of what secular and spiritual beliefs motivate\nhuman discrimination against non humans, and the arguments employed to\ndefend it. The approach is rooted in a variant of individualist\nethical subjectivism, and uses the lack of an absolute, objective\ncertainty in the claim of human supremacists and the reality of human\ndiscrimination against and predation upon other humans to force the\nobserver into a choice, either extend rights to non humans, or accept\nthat their belief allows humans to discriminate against anyone,\nincluding other humans, thus undermining their desire for an\napplication of universal human rights.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"summary-version\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eSummary version \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#summary-version\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHumans who believe in a moral code of universal human rights but deny\nextending rights to nonhumans have two problems. The criteria(s) they\nuse to justify this discrimination (faculty of reason, a soul, divine or\nevolutionary favor, moral reciprocity, survival of the fittest,\nindividual selfishness, a bundle of characteristics or vaguely defined\nones etc.) cannot be proven to be possessed by all humans or lacking in\nall nonhumans. Secondly, the importance of such criteria can be doubtedā€“\nshown not to be objective absolute truth, but subjective arbitrary\ncriteria conveniently determined by those who stand to benefit from the\ndiscrimination they wish to justify. Nature(or deities), through\nenvironmental phenomenon, weather, earthquakes, etc. cannot be shown to\ncare or favor humans over other lifeforms as an absolute objective fact.\nThis subjectivity means that someone who may discriminate against other\nhumans (which happens despite the laws and philosophy designed to curb\nsuch incidents) using criteria that is just as subjective (skin colour,\ngender, class, religion, survival of the fittest, individual\nselfishness, etc) cannot be effectively condemned by a human rights\nadvocate who denies rights to nonhumans, since both are discriminating\naccording to subjective criteria of value they deem to be important. The\nonly way for a human rights advocate to consistently argue that one\nought to have systemic universal human rights and an ethical code based\nupon this idea is to extend the concept of fairness and justice to\nnonhumans as much as possible. Because humans develop ethical codes to\ngovern human behavior, and nonhumans do not appear to employ or require\nsuch codes in their social interactions, they benefit from the\nconsistency requirement in human concepts of fairness and justice\nwithout needing to reciprocate. To expect them to adhere to human moral\ncontracts in order to be eligible for moral regard is like expecting a\nblind man to be able to read and then punishing him for not doing so.\nThat moral regard may not be possible or practical in all situations due\nto particular factors (such as scale or absentmindedness or the\ninability to be perfect), but since the same is true of human on human\ninteractions, it does not invalidate the merits of the argument or\nprovide a loophole for humans to justify systemic exploitation of\nnonhuman lifeforms (since one could then justify the same for humans).\nThe common argument for animal rights that values sentience as the\ncriteria of moral worth and attempts to define human discrimination\nagainst other species as speciesism, analogous to racism and sexism,\ndoes not fully address the philosophical nature of human attitudes\ntowards non human lifeforms, or provide sufficient arguments to counter\nmost if not all attempts at refutation as does the formula presented\nabove.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"essay-the-anti-human-supremacy-animal-rights-argument\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eEssay: The Anti-Human Supremacy Animal Rights Argument \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#essay-the-anti-human-supremacy-animal-rights-argument\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMorality is like the sun. Anyone who lives above ground has a word for\nit. They may be spelled differently but in translation mean the same\nthing. The principle of showing compassion for others and a concept of\njustice is universal to many if not most human beings living within a\nsociety or family unit, although who and what constitutes the right of\nbeing shown compassion and justice has been subject to debate, change,\nand circumstance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSystemic discrimination based upon arbitrary or subjective criteria of\nvalue that is conveniently determined by those who stand to benefit from\nthe discrimination would commonly be considered unfair. An example of\narbitrary criteria is skin hue, gender, height, weight, age, language or\nthe ability to play basketball. Many people prefer certainty, the\nfeeling that right and wrong is based upon some absolute objective\nimpartial unquestionable truth. A criteria of value that is uncertain\nand dubious leaves the door open for people to decide that the\nparticular criteria is not important to them, and that some other\ncriteria is more so, and may lead to disagreement and social inequality.\nIn order to have a moral code and laws, you need the agreement of as\nmany people as possible about what is right and wrong, fair and unjust.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt one time human slave trade abolitionists were mocked and called\nmisguided, traitors, and enemies to mercy and civilization. James\nBoswell wrote: \u0026ldquo;To abolish a status which in all ages GOD has\nsanctioned, and man has continued, would not only be robbery to an\ninnumerable class of our fellow-subjects; but it would be extreme\ncruelty to the African Savages, a portion of whom it saves from\nmassacre, or intolerable bondage in their own country, and introduces\ninto a much happier state of life; especially now when their passage to\nthe West Indies and their treatment there is humanely regulated. To\nabolish that trade would be to shut the gates of mercy on mankind.\u0026quot;(1)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHistorically, racism and sexism were attacked by challenging the\nperceived inferiority of other races and women, and nCarid superiority\nof the victimizer. Activists would highlight common traits that were put\nforth as more important than skin colour or gender, such as the ability\nto reason, or to worship a deity. They endeavored to widen the circle of\ncompassion and respect by emphasizing the similarities not differences.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimal rights activists use the same tactic and the most popular\nargument may be summarized in this way: Humans feel pain, non human\nanimals feel pain, therefore we ought to treat the latter with respect\nand concern for their well being and not expose them to unnecessary\ncruelty through systematic industrial exploitation. Sentience and not\nreason is the true criteria for moral consideration and many species\nshare this attribute (while some humans do not possess it and are yet\nafforded rights). Therefore, extending at least some rights to non\nhumans is a moral obligation, a duty. Just. Fair. To deny this is to be\nspeciesist, the equivalent of being racist or sexist.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut the popular animal rights argument does not address the full\nspectrum of philosophical motives of humans who are either ignorant of,\nor opposed to animal rights. Some might say scientific research needs to\nbe done to be sure a species meets the qualifications of sentience, or\nthey may say sentience does not matter to them, only a specific kind of\nreason/intelligence, or an \u0026ldquo;immortal soul,\u0026rdquo; or the fancy of an invisible\ncreator, or, they might say life is full of pain and cruel, and why\nshould we care about reducing suffering when it goes on unabated in the\nwild? Or they might say that ethics are irrelevant, every species is\nspeciesist and humans have a natural gut instinct to stick together.\nOften, the animal rights debater requires that the listener accept their\nown ethical system, even if it requires abandoning a theistic world view\nfor a secular one. George Bernard Shaw observed: \u0026ldquo;Religion is a great\nforce - the only real motive force in the world; but you must get at a\nman through his own religion, not through yours.\u0026quot;(2)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLurking behind every single type of argument used to defend human\nexploitation of Nature and non human lifeforms is what may be called a\ncommon religious notion, that humans as a group, are better as an\nabsolute objective unquestionable truth to all other life, according to\ncriteria that is conveniently determined by those who stand to benefit\nfrom the claim and discrimination/exploitation of other life. This\nbelief is often taken for granted as if an axiom, and usually not\nexpressed in precise terms, with good reason, as it leads to the Regress\nargument. An absolute is the final answer to a question. If you can\nquestion it, how can it be absolute? For every why there is a because\nand for every because another why. A belief in human supremacy is\nsubject to many a why.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite this doubt, it is so accepted that it permeates the language. To\nbe kind is to be humane, to be evil is to be inhumane, or nonhuman. You\nare a pig, a rat, a dog, a wolf in sheep\u0026rsquo;s clothing. A weasel. A stool\npigeon. If you are not human you are subhuman, a monkey, a snake in the\ngrass, a cockroach. A worm. Either wicked, stupid, irrational or\nuseless.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are a Theist you call it Dominionism or the Great Chain of Being.\nIf you are a Darwinist you call it evolution, or Top of the Food Chain.\nAnimal welfarists and hunters will claim they are meant to be Stewards\nor Managers of the natural world. If you are treated like an animal it\nis bad. Or you behave like an animal it is bad. To compare non human\nsuffering to the Holocaust is called insulting and obscene(although the\nword holocaust in Hebrew meant \u0026ldquo;the sacrifice of a male animal on the\naltar of God\u0026rdquo; - ironic that it can be used to suggest victimization of\nhumans but not for the originally defined victims). Humans are higher\nanimals, the rest are lower. Animals are an \u0026ldquo;it.\u0026rdquo; You do not execute\nthem in shelters, you \u0026ldquo;destroy\u0026rdquo; them, like furniture.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome have criticized the concept of human superiority. Jonathan Swift\nlampooned it in Gulliver\u0026rsquo;s Travels.(3) Mark Twain did the same in the\nDamned Human Race and satirically noted that it was humans who were\ninferior to other animals: \u0026ldquo;Man is the only animal that blushes, or\nneeds to.\u0026quot;(4) This view is often called misanthropic, which usually\ncarries the definition of hatred. It is very often compared to racism or\ndeclared an irrational, anti-social philosophical stance, and rarely\ndefined as a belief that humans cannot be trusted, or as a critical\nappraisal of human nature (one could ask whether white abolitionists who\ncriticized the actions of their race and class would also be called\nhateful).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn animal rights language this supremacy belief is sometimes called\nSpecieism but that is an inaccurate and problematic description.\nSpeciesism (like the term Anthropocentrism) invites dubious suggestions\nthat it is unavoidable, other species do the same, and that it is not\nnecessarily negative or connected to an articulated belief in supremacy.\nAs far as we can observe, only humans can engage in it. We have no proof\nthat lions walk around thinking: \u0026ldquo;Lions are better than everything else.\nWe deserve special rights.\u0026rdquo; This fact will be of importance to the\nanimal rights argument that is to follow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe concept of supremacy extends beyond humans believing they are better\nas a species to all others. Despite their promotion of democratic\nideals, the ancient Greeks considered those who did not speak their\nlanguage to be barbarians. Many people, from the Inuit to Jews to the\nChinese to Germans to Serbians to the Japanese at one time or another\nhave regarded their group as better or more worthy of special\nconsideration than others, based on race, or language, or religion or a\nmyriad of criteria. Although there are laws in place to discourage\ndiscrimination against and predation upon other humans, it still occurs.\nThis fact will become of vital importance to the animal rights argument\nthat is to follow.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe concept of universal human rights did not exist until the 20th\ncentury, and even today, despite efforts to promote it as a unifying\nmoral code, many humans continue to think they are better than other\nhumans according to race, or skin colour, or class, religion,\nappearance, wealth, or ideology, and take actions based upon such\nthinking. We still have war, crime, injustice, human slavery. All based\nupon one or more humans who think their interests are more important\nthan another.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose that champion human rights will agree that being white or\nChristian or male is trivial and subjective. But, if they oppose non\nhuman rights, they still hold to another criteria-some attribute that\nthey deem as being important, just as the pro slavery white Christian\nmale did 200 years ago.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDefinitions for this criteria of value include the faculty of reason or\nsome kind of special intelligence, a soul, the blessing of a divine\ncreator(s), essential goodness(as opposed to non human life\u0026rsquo;s alleged\nessential wickedness), the ability to comprehend moral concepts, or\nreciprocity in moral conduct, creative ability(even though a tiny\nminority compose symphonies and some paintings by elephants can be\ndifficult to distinguish from those by abstract expressionists), or a\nbundle of special qualities, or a faculty x which is never specifically\ndefined beyond A (human) is greater than B (nonhuman).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll of these criteria and any other brought forth to suggest human\nsupremacy have two inherent problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne is that often the criteria meant to distinguish humans from non\nhumans cannot be universally applied to humans and/or excluded from non\nhumans. Case in point, some humans are more intelligent than others.\nDoes that mean the ones who are less intelligent deserve fewer rights if\n\u0026ldquo;intelligence\u0026rdquo; is so important? If not, then why? Usually the fall back\nis to another criteria, which can then be questioned, and another fall\nback criteria may be highlighted which is again questionable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome claim that humans possess a faculty of reason-or cognitive ability\nto control and govern their behavior that \u0026ldquo;irrational\u0026rdquo; non humans do not\npossess (i.e. the ability to understand rules, duties, obligations, and\ncausality, as well as having a theory of mind). And yet-who starts wars\nfor ideology or non essential resources? Who pollutes rivers? Who\noverpopulates itself without natural checks? Who will engage in violence\nfor recreation, or commit dangerous even self destructive acts? Gophers?\nSpider Monkeys? It is always one species-human. The stupidest acts\ncommitted on this planet are done by human beings. The cruelest acts are\ncommitted by humans. It may be true that some humans will self sacrifice\nto save another-but other humans will do the opposite, save themselves\nby putting someone else into harm\u0026rsquo;s way. And non humans have been\ndocumented exhibiting altruistic behavior (both within species and\nbeyond). In vicious experiments conducted on rats(4) and Rhesus\nmonkeys(5), the victim would spare themselves from a shock if they\nperformed an act that would harm another of their kind, and yet they\nrefused to do so. However, humans in similar situations such as the\nMilgram experiment(6), were willing to (simulated without them knowing\nit) shock another human simply because they were told to by an authority\nfigure. The most violent domestic cat does not erect arenas or stadiums\ndesigned so that other cats can watch and take pleasure from the\nsuffering of mice, knowing that they are causing suffering. As Mark\nTwain observed: \u0026ldquo;Of all the animals, man is the only one that is cruel.\nHe is the only one that inflicts pain for the pleasure of doing it.\u0026quot;(7)\nHumans are capable of mental torment, verbal abuse, and taking pleasure\nfrom knowing that they are causing suffering to someone else. This is\nuniquely human. It is true of a child tormenting flies in a jar, or a\nscientist with a PHD who gives a rat advanced notice before being\nshocked in a learned helplessness experiment. The same capacity for\n\u0026ldquo;reason\u0026rdquo; that allows one to do mathematics can be used to design a\ntorture device or urge a suicidal person to jump from a building.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen there is the claim that humans are meant to be custodians or\nmanagers of Nature. Basic observation proves otherwise. A common worm is\nmore of a steward of Nature than a human being. Insects are called low\nand worthless yet they help pollinate flowers (occasionally they might\nget acknowledged for their usefulness to humans, but not to themselves).\nThe majority of so-called stewardship that humans do is actually damage\ncontrol, cleaning up rivers polluted by other humans, restoring habitats\ndestroyed by other humans, helping wildlife or domestic animals left\nhomeless by other humans, and that does not include efforts that\nbackfire, like the World Wildlife Fund attempting to curb the hunting of\nrhinos for traditional Chinese medicine by encouraging the hunting of\nthe Saiga instead(8), which led to a 90 percent decline in the latter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDamage control is not stewardship. Worms and bees are stewards - even a\nwild bison urinating on grass is more of a steward of Nature than a\nhuman being. Some \u0026ldquo;mainstream\u0026rdquo; environmental groups like the WWF\nactively encourage the killing of so-called invasive species (i.e. the\nbroadtail possum in New Zealand(9), introduced by the Australian fur\nindustry, and in case of the Nature Conservancy, hire hunters to kill\nthem (the pigs and goats that were abandoned on the California Channel\nIslands by farmers)(10). Once again there is a double standard.\nSupposedly protecting native species is so important that it requires\nlethal means, and yet when it comes to the most destructive of all\nspecies, lethal means of protecting the environment is no longer an\nimperative. Even the use of the term \u0026ldquo;protecting the environment\u0026rdquo; is\nimbued with human arrogance-first the idea that Nature is fragile and\nneeds governing from humans, and secondly that humans exist apart from\nthe environment. Sometimes the notion that humans live in Nature is used\nto claim that humans should be able to exploit and kill as they see\nfitā€¦excluding other humans of course.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe second problem is that like the value placed on skin colour or\nmaleness or the ability to juggle, it is subjective-determined by humans\nwho conveniently stand to benefit from the claim of superiority.(14,15)\nThe universe or Nature or an invisible deity cannot be shown to\nacknowledge such criteria as important or favor humans above all other\nlife by direct evidence (instructions written in allegedly\ndivine-inspired books dictated by humans who stand to benefit from the\nclaims in those books also are dubious). Erupting volcanos do not\ndisperse their lava flows in ways that spare humans. Man-eating sharks\ndo not get paralysis if they attempt to bite a human swimmer.\nEarthquakes and hurricanes do not make special alterations to spare\nhumans-and ironically, non humans are often aware of approaching\ndisasters before humans are. They have their own unique abilities, but\nsince humans lack them, you do not see \u0026ldquo;the ability to predict\nearthquakes and avoid destructive weather\u0026rdquo; highlighted as a valuable\nquality in determining the criteria for moral value.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAny criteria of value humans use to suggest their superiority can be\nquestioned. Why is it important? If it is so important, why doesn\u0026rsquo;t the\nuniverse and Nature acknowledge it with easily perceived actions or\nrewards? If it can be questioned - it cannot be absolute.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf it is not absolute, if it is not impartial objective truth, then it\ncannot stop other humans from deciding to base a criteria of value on\nsomething else that they deem more important that discriminates against\nfellow humans - which they have been doing since the beginning of\nrecorded history and continue to do despite the laws designed to curb\nsuch actions. This fact is extremely important because often the notion\nthat humans have a right to freedom from discrimination and exploitation\nis accepted as an unquestionable truth and taken for granted, by both\nsides in the animal rights issue. It, like human supremacy itself, is\ntreated as an axiom. Humans do not have a demonstrable \u0026ldquo;right\u0026rdquo; to life.\nIf they did, Nature would surely exhibit some evidence of this truth.\nThose that argue that Nature does not recognize a non human right to\nlife conveniently overlook the full picture. If you want universal human\nrights in your moral code, you need nonhuman rights, at the very least,\nfor the sake of consistency and self-interest if not actual concern for\nthe well being of non humans. You can not say you oppose discrimination\nbased upon arbitrary subjective criteria by shunning it in one example,\nbut encouraging it in another. And most people who adhere to a belief in\nethics and compassion will want some consistency and fairness, a sense\nthat they are adhering to something that is as close to being as\nabsolute and impartial as possible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe spiritual humanist will say a deity gives them special regard\naccording to a belief in specific revelatory theism. But how do you\nprove that beyond a book written down by those who stand to benefit from\nit? And if one person can say \u0026ldquo;my Deity says this\u0026rdquo;-another can say the\nopposite. And if caring about nonhuman life is wrong, who came up with\nsurplus compassion, the Devil? If an immortal soul can not be detected\nin a corpse of a man, how can it be denied in the corpse of a dog?\nSupposedly man is created in the image of God, and yet traditionally\nwoman was seen as a secondary creation, and other nations inferior to\nthe Chosen people. If biblically sanctioned discrimination such as\ndominion over women or human slavery(17) can be revisited, there is no\nabsolute, unquestionable or practical reason to stop there. Secular\nhumanists will say that humans are better than non humans, and this is\nassumed(without proof) to be objective truth, but if Nature is non\njudgmental, and has no human-like mind, then why are they assuming it\ncan make a judgement (through ideologically driven biology) about one\nspecies being better than another? That is the equivalent of saying a\nchair has no mind, and then declaring that an apple is superior in value\nto an orange according to the chair. It is Specific Revelatory\nSecularism. Secularists have housekeeping to do with their beliefs if\nthey want to distinguish themselves from Specific Revelatory Theists.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome have said that if humans have to recognize rights for lions, then\nlions have to recognize rights for humans-but this concept of reciprocal\nmoral regard or contractualism is another subjective criteria. There are\nhumans (children, mentally handicapped, criminals) who receive rights\neven though they cannot reciprocate (or refuse to in the case of\ncriminals). One would not expect a blind man to be able to read road\nsigns, so why would one expect a lion to be able to understand human\nconcepts of morality? It is a double standard, and if anyone thinks they\ncan get lions and spiders to follow human concepts of morality, best of\nluck in trying.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is dubious to assume that humans have moral codes because they\nunderstand the importance of morality or lofty concepts of good vs evil.\nThe universe can not be shown to care about human morality, but humans\nneed moral codes because they can be irrational, unruly, prone to acts\nof violence and stupidity that risk their survival-behavior which a fair\nnumber of individuals think should be discouraged through laws. Non\nhumans observed in their natural habitats do not behave the same way.\nLions do not appear to need codes, but they happen to benefit from the\nconsistency problem inherent in human concepts of moral rights that\nrequires they be considered as beneficiaries of moral concern as a\nmatter of consistency, fairness and justice (and in order to avoid\ngiving an excuse to humans who do not care about human rights to\ndiscriminate as they see fit).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFaced with such threats to a human belief in supremacy, some will deny\nit or say they are motivated by survival of the fittest and that it is a\n\u0026ldquo;dog eat dog\u0026rdquo; world. And yet, if you say that such a belief means people\nwould have the right to prey on each other (as they always have despite\nlaws designed to curb such behavior), usually they will protest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey want to have their cake and eat it. They are unwilling to be\nconsistent. They always have the double standard and the fall back to a\nsubjective belief in supremacy without absolute justification. There are\ntribes, dictators, and classes who have done quite well without caring\nabout the rights of all humans. Does a family man living in the\nAppalachian mountains need to care about the rights of a villager in\nLebanon? Why should he? In practical terms most people go about their\nlives with little contact with humans in the rest of the world, and\ncould well be a dictator in their own house without ever facing justice\nfor it. And that is another contradiction-some will say the reason we\nshould respect other human beings is strictly for self interest-the\nGolden Rule: \u0026ldquo;do under others as you would have them do unto you,\u0026rdquo; not\nout of a concern for the species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou cannot claim you are against injustice or unfair discrimination\nbased upon arbitrary subjective partial standards or criteria of value\ncommitted against one when you are condoning it against another.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOr they will say humans have an emotional bonding or moral intuition or\ntenacious moral instinct for taking care of their own-but if that were\nso then surely we would not be discussing it. Animal groups would not\nexist. We would not have crime, wars, injustice against humans, and we\nwould not need laws to stop humans from violating this alleged instinct\nor intuition. Anyone who believes humans have an instinct to watch out\nfor other humans are free to wander through a dangerous part of town\nwith a $1000 in their hand and see how well an instinctual drive to\ncare for other humans comes into play. One does not usually lock their\ndoors at night to keep out pit bulls. And if one claims there is a moral\nintuition to rescue a human before a dog, essentially \u0026ldquo;familiarity,\u0026rdquo;\nthen a claim of instinct or emotional bonding can apply to human\nrelations. One could have a closer intuitive bond to a drowning person\nwho speaks the same language, or has the same appearance. Familiarity by\nhumans is not restricted to a species line.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHumans do not even have an instinct for self-preservation that cannot be\noverridden. Humans have been known to risk their lives for non humans,\nideology, or even inanimate objects (money, religious symbols etc).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother tactic is to say that one cannot be perfectly moral when it\ncomes to dealings with non human life, thus we should not even try. The\nissue is not moral perfection, but trying the best one can (and\ncertainly factory farms, zoos, research labs and other massively\norganized and complicated structural entities for exploitation and\ndiscrimination are not as difficult to avoid as scratching your arm and\nkilling a microbe or accidentally stepping on an insect). No ethical\nview can take into account the interests of everyone at all times. And\none can certainly argue the line of moral regard is not drawn at\nanimals-that it is wrong to exploit trees and other plants. Sentience is\nas much a subjective criteria as any other. If there are problems in\nimplementing an ethical policy that includes non-animals, then it is\ntrue of all potential beneficiaries of moral conduct (i.e. you may live\non land that was once occupied by others who were driven off or killed\ndue to colonial aggression; or pay taxes to a government that uses the\nmoney to finance wars, or use drugs that were tested on unwilling human\npatients in Africa etc.). No one can be perfect, either in compassion or\ncruelty, but the failure to be morally perfect does not then mean one\nhas to fall back to some line like species to focus one\u0026rsquo;s\ndiscrimination. If you argue for that-then there is no reason why\nsomeone else cannot draw the line at race, or religion, or intelligence\ninstead of, or, in addition to species (which many people do already).\nIn fact, if one attempts to argue from convenience, then committing a\nhomicide is much more practical than establishing a factory farm or\nstalking through a forest with a rifle in search of an elusive animal.\nNo matter how one looks at it, the reality of human predation hangs on\nthe neck of the anti- animal rights position like an albatross.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRecently, there has been a movement that romanticizes early agriculture\nand subsistence hunting. They focus on cruelty not rights, and think the\nsolution is to replace factory farming with more traditional agriculture\nor a return to subsistence hunting. Never mind that factory farming grew\nout of small farming (and if it can happen once, could happen again).\nNever mind that small farms and pasture grazed animals contribute to\necological problems like global warming and the wasting of crops and\nwater (a very old human rights-centered argument for being vegetarian)\nand the killing of wildlife (i.e. wolves, as natural predators, dare to\nintervene with the production of human dietary choices by attacking\nherds). The \u0026ldquo;happy meat\u0026rdquo; movement as it has been called is somewhat akin\nto saying that you are 100 percent against cockfighting, but thinking\nthe only possible way to deal with it is to promote groups that use dull\nspurs on their birds, and actively telling people to patronize \u0026ldquo;dull\nspur\u0026rdquo; events instead of telling them to avoid cockfighting altogether.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs for hunting, a long standing fable has been that humans are natural\npredators like a wolf or tiger, but humans are not naturally born\npredators and this is easy to prove. Humans are not born with the tools\nto chase down, rip apart, and devour prey. They require spears, stones,\nand projectile weapons. The idea that a man who aims a device at a deer\nand presses a button is the same as a cheetah chasing a gazelle is part\nof the delusional contradictory attitude that humans have about Nature.\nOn one hand they will say that Nature is evil (in traditional\nJudeo-Christianity the domain of Satan, Lord of Nature) and that non\nhuman life is essentially cruel, savage, mean, uncivilized. And yet,\nthey will glamorize and worship predator animals like the wolf and\ntiger. But humans are weaklings, and real predators face a difficult\nlifestyle. They have to chase their food, risk injury which can be\nlethal, deal with competitors, and occasionally be thwarted by the prey\nthemselves. If someone says tools are the equivalent of fangs and claws\nthen there is a little problem, the same tool-making ability that is\nused for hunting non human animals, can also be used for tilling the\nsoil to plant seeds or to kill other human beings. You do not often hear\nabout tigers and wolves planting gardens or killing other tigers and\nwolves, and they do not get sophisticated in how they \u0026ldquo;play with their\nfood\u0026rdquo; the way humans do. Decorative masks or malanggans of New\nIreland(12) used boar teeth which required forcing a domestic animal\u0026rsquo;s\ntusks to grow in spirals, causing much distress to the animal. Another\nritual by a tribe in the same region involves inserting long thin sticks\ninto the hearts of pigs(13), which causes them to experience a slow,\nexcruciatingly painful death. Nonhuman carnivorous predator animals do\nnot have time or interest to engage in such calculated cruelty.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd this reality is true for both the city dweller and the aboriginal,\nwho often get a pass from ecological groups due to some sort of\npolitically correct colonial guilt or romance with pre-industrial\ncultures and the concept of the natural man or \u0026ldquo;noble savage\u0026rdquo; which can\nbe taken as derogatory and placing some humans on a different level.\nThis overlooks that so-called subsistence hunters like the Inuit have\naccess to electricity, firearms, and other industrial inventions at the\nsame time they want to pick and choose their traditional lifestyle\nchoices. If the Inuit are meant to live in the Arctic like a polar bear\nor seal, why are they not born with all they need to survive in the\nclimate? Since humans do not need to live in these climates\n(biologically, their bodies are not equipped for it), they do not need\nto hunt or fish. If an Inuit is naturally meant to hunt in the Arctic,\nas is frequently claimed by defenders of exploitation industries that\nuse First Nations communities for supplies or propaganda (i.e. whaling,\nsealing and trapping), then its factual validity can be tested by simply\nhaving one brave Inuit hunter jump naked into the Arctic sea and try to\nbite a seal to death with only his teeth and bare hands. The outcome\nwould speak for itself on the issue of whether First Nations people or\nany humans should, by biological design and necessity, hunt and fish.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs for the argument that killing is acceptable if you eat what you\nkill - it is the same as saying it is acceptable to murder someone if\nyou rob them at the same time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is not to say that subsistence hunting is as systematically cruel\nas factory farming (being burned alive may not be as bad as being\nskinned alive either), but it is not ethical or non destructive. The\nterm \u0026ldquo;buffalo jump\u0026rdquo; refers to the practice of stampeding herds of\nbuffalo off cliffs so that tribal hunters of the American plains could\ntake what they want and leave the rest to rot. Lions are not so\necologically wasteful and unfriendly. The Makah tribe of the Pacific\nNorthwest had two traditions-human slavery and whaling. They wanted to\nrevive one but not the other. Is it not forcing Western values on them\nto say they do not have a right to keep slaves like they did prior to\ncolonial times? Furthermore, you often hear that subsistence hunters\nregard non humans as their brothers - and yet in the case of the Makah,\nthe word phrase for Grey whale means \u0026ldquo;big backs are bad,\u0026rdquo; or devilfish.\nIt is a strange endearment for your brother (not to mention firing a\nharpoon into him).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf one regards non colonial societies as human, then they should be\nsubject to the same rights and obligations as any other humans,\naccording to basic principles of fairness and justice. If a human group,\nwhether in the Sahara, a coastal Japanese fishing community, the Arctic,\nor some isolated island can hold to a moral view that they deserve\nspecial regard at the same time they declare themselves to have a right\nto systematically kill for sustenance, then they can be criticized for\nadhering to an unfair moral system, according to their own understanding\nof right and wrong. The concept of being fair and compassionate to\nothers is universal, and the most basic animal rights argument is merely\na logical extension of that principle. If it is ethically wrong for\nhuman groups to engage in human slavery, cannibalism, oppression of\nwomen and children, then the same should be true for their interaction\nwith other species, to be fair and consistent in ethical policy. No\nhuman group in the 21st century needs to kill other animals for\nfood-period. If we can put a man on the Moon, and design a computer that\ncan play chess, then we can provide daily sustenance for all humans\nwithout resorting to harpoon, hook, and gun. The issue of practicality\nor implementation is a separate affair. Loss of traditional independence\nis a trivia disagreement. It can be assumed that many would agree that\nlife should trump lifestyle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes animal rights activists are accused of anthropomorphizing\nNature - i.e. they want to paint non humans as essentially good and\nhumans as essentially wicked. Given the fact that the definition of the\nword humane is to be good, and the word inhumane (or non human) is to be\nevil, it is about time we shifted the bias in the other direction. The\nfact is that humans anthropomorphize Nature even when they claim they do\nnot, it is just a matter of how one perceives it. For the human\nsupremacist, they will regard Nature as wicked, cruel, savage, and\ndownplay those qualities in human beings, suggesting that they arise\nfrom our primitive heritage, not as a result of our brain capacity as it\nis. Mental cruelty is a human trait. Taking pleasure from the suffering\nyou know to be causing to others is a human trait. As mentioned earlier,\nonly humans have arenas for blood sport. Only humans will mock their\nvictims, or laugh at the suffering of others, or be fascinated by road\naccidents. Only humans have been known to get sexual pleasure from\nviolence, or deliberately having intercourse with corpses. A male lion\nor grizzly may be known to kill the offspring of a rival male-but do\nthey rape them as well as humans have done? Have they set their own\noffspring on fire out of spite, or injected them with AIDS to get out of\nalimony payments? If one says some human-like cruel behavior has been\nobserved in chimpanzees-then what does that prove given that we are told\nthat they are our closest relatives?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNature can not be shown to play favorites. An elephant does not have to\nworry about being stepped on like an ant-but if both fell off a cliff\nthe disadvantage can be for the elephant. Nature may be called cruel,\nyet it gives bulls and elephants a tail with hair to brush away flies\nand not a fly swatter as many humans would surely prefer, given their\nindifference to insect life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd once again you have contradictions. Zoo keepers will say that animal\nactivists do not recognize the harshness of Nature-and yet they treat\nwhales and seals in marine parks like Disney mascot performers, training\nthem to nod their heads and do tricks for the crowd. If an elephant or\nwhale attacks a trainer, the circus officials will feign shock-and claim\nit is not possible that the happy, human-loving animal captive was\ncapable of acting like a wild (non Disney-like) animal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome (usually white men) have attempted to attack animal rights\nphilosophy by claiming it is mainly a white upper middle class interest,\nand that other races are too busy fighting off discrimination themselves\nto care about non human life. And yet many animal activists are women,\nwho do know something about discrimination. Animal groups exist in many\nnon European countries, including ones with internal strife like China\nand Mexico, so the idea that one cannot be concerned about\ndiscrimination against someone else if you are a victim of it yourself\nsays more about a pundit\u0026rsquo;s lack of desire to help others if he was a\nvictim of discrimination than how the majority of others behave.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut the idea that we need to deal with human problems first suggests\nthat compassion and social activism must follow a hierarchy - if that is\ntrue, then which is a greater priority-racism or discrimination against\nthe homeless? Discrimination against gays and lesbians or discrimination\nagainst handicapped people? In practical terms people do not follow a\nroad map for compassion. It only gets highlighted by supremacists in the\ndiscussion of non human rights. Utilitarian attempts to calculate\nprecise figures for who suffers and who gains are academic exercises\nwhich have little practical value given that it cannot be demonstrated\nthat the moral system is the correct one. The same is true for Ethical\nEgoism, especially when it denies that by following its logic,\ndiscrimination against other humans should be permissible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSometimes one will get the question, but if you had to choose between\nsaving the life of a drowning man or a rat/dog/pig, who would you save?\nThe most practical answer would be whoever you can save. If it was a\nchoice between two humans no one would ask who do you save first (unless\none was a racial supremacist). Once again it is the double standard\nbased upon an assumption of human superiority. If you chose to save an\nindividual human that you had more familiarity with-does it mean that\nthe loser deserves being enslaved in a factory farm or a laboratory?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNowhere is the contradictory logic demonstrated more plainly than in how\nhumans defend research on non human animals. Someone will say: but if\nyou had to save the life of your child, would you not sacrifice a rat?\nThe answer to this should be no less controversial than if you had a\nchoice between your child and a neighbor\u0026rsquo;s. If you chose your child,\ndoes it mean you want the neighbor\u0026rsquo;s child to be tortured in a lab? If\nyou refuse to choose, does that mean you do not love your child as much\nas your neighbor\u0026rsquo;s? This type of question is not raised, even when we\nknow that the best research model for human disease is another human. To\nsuggest that a rat is the best model for human illness would be like\nsaying you can cure diseases in elephants by using giraffes. It is not\nas if scientists can torture a few rats and find a cure (if that was the\ncase cancer would have been cured in the 19th century). Scientists take\nadvantage of a publicly accepted quasi Darwinian/Great Chain of\nBeing/Food Chain myth-that life can be broken down into components and a\nrat is a simpler version of a human, as opposed to being a separate\nspecies with no hierarchy beyond the subjective one created by humans.\nAdditionally, there is a problem with treating innocent non human\nanimals in a way that would be considered an atrocity if done to the\nmost despised criminals. If finding cures for diseases was of such\nimportance, and not partly motivated by financial interests (few drugs\nare offered for free), then why not use criminals or volunteers in\nmedical research? It is strange that people will be sent off to be\nmaimed and killed in wars for natural resources, religion or political\nideology and yet the war against cancer is only considered of dire\nimportance when it comes to abolishing non human animals in research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScientists in animal research also benefit from public faith in science,\nand salvation through technology (while ignoring such unsavory realities\nas Thalidomide or the over the counter cough syrup turned narcotic\nplagues Heroin and Cocaine). The worst of them will cut or burn victims,\ninject them with chemicals that cause painful birth defects,\ndeliberately drive subjects insane (even when they claim they have no\nminds), and many other atrocities for monetary and career reasons since\nthey know that cures for Death do not fall off the tree like apples, but\npromises of a \u0026ldquo;breakthrough\u0026rdquo; guarantee grant money. However, those that\nengage in such actions with the heartfelt claim that they only want to\nheal show a twisted sense of morality. Animal researchers tend to have\nan extremely poor grasp on ethics and will attempt to justify their\nactions by citing benefits (with such logic a thief might cite the\nbenefits to his family by stealing from someone). Animal research is a\nperversion of common sense altruism, attempting to help one by causing\nmisery to another. Imagine trying to alleviate a homeless man\u0026rsquo;s plight\nby kicking a family out of their house and calling it an act of\ncompassion. And if you criticize them, they may either accuse you of\nwanting to plunge humanity into the Dark Ages (they share some\nsimilarities with Voodoo witch doctors and ancient priests of\naugury-making money by cutting open and reading the entrails of animals\nand using fear as a persuasion tactic) or call you a hypocrite if you\nbenefited from any sort of drug that had also involved non human\nresearch. Never mind that drug companies continue to do experiments on\nhumans in Africa (since they know that they need human test subjects),\nor that the medical research done by J Marion Sims (the former head of\nthe American Medical Association honored with a statue in New York\u0026rsquo;s\nCentral Park who helped find human treatments through experiments on\nhuman slaves ) and Josef Mengele, was kept and used (in the late 1980s\ncamp survivors tried to have Nazi research destroyed but were told it\ncould be useful to human health). Apparently one can be against human\nexperimentation and still benefit from it, but not so with nonhuman\nanimal research. The double standard is in full display.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis author is of the opinion that if one is serious about advocating\nfor the improvement of circumstances for non human life forms that come\ninto contact with human beings, and supporting a concept of fairness and\njustice for them that cannot be easily denied, then a new approach to\nanimal rights argument is required to address important areas of the\ndiscussion that are omnipresent and left unanswered by the\ncruelty/sentience criteria and \u0026ldquo;speciesism equals racism\u0026rdquo; position.\nSpecifically, it requires an approach that directly challenges the human\nbelief in supremacy, and highlights the fact of human predation upon\nother humans as a natural phenomenon. At the very least, it can be a\nplainly spoken alternative that does not require that one adhere to a\nspecific traditional ethical system, religion or subjective criteria of\nvalue for determining moral worth (i.e. Utilitarianism, secularism,\nsentience/reason), but uses the beliefs of the listener as well as the\nreality of human nature in order to make the case for expanding moral\nregard to nonhuman life forms as a matter of common sense ethical\nconsistency. While the argument facilitates the extension of moral\nregard beyond animals, a failure to practically or consistently\nimplement such an ethical policy to all possible beneficiaries does not\nnegate the validity of the approach, since the lack of moral perfection\nalready exists in human conduct towards other humans, and any effort to\ndraw the line at humans as a matter of practicality or convenience does\nnot stop another from arguing that race, gender, or any other subjective\nnon species criteria is even more practical/convenient. The freedom of\nhuman behavior to be as discriminatory as possible to other humans as a\nmatter of observable fact and history is the ultimate thorn in the side\nof those who argue for exclusively human-centered rights. The fact that\nit utilizes a harsh observation of human existence and behavior in\nNature against those who use a similarly harsh view of Natural\nphenomenon to dismiss claims of nonhuman rights makes it especially\npotent. It is hoped that among animal rights debaters, those who may be\ndisturbed by a lack of absolute certainty or possibility of attaining\nmoral perfection in the ethical system, or cling to some concept of\nhuman supremacy as a personal comfort, would not outnumber those who can\nembrace it. Numerous field tests of the approach against hard line\nopponents of animal rights has shown that it succeeds in frustrating\ntheir efforts to go on the offensive and often removes a desire to\ncontinue the debate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"notes\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003eNotes \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#notes\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1) Boswell, J., Life of Johnson (N.Y.: Modern Library Edition, 1965)\np. 365.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe wild and dangerous attempt which has for some time been persisted\nin order to obtain an act of our legislature, to abolish so very\nimportant and necessary branch of commercial interest, must have been\ncrus(h)ed at once, had not the insignificance of the zealots who\nvainly took the lead in it, made the vast body of Planters, Merchants,\nand others, whose immense properties are involved in that trade,\nreasonably enough suppose that there could be no danger. The\nencouragement which the attempt has received excites my wonder and\nindignation; and though some men of superior abilities have supported\nit, whether from a love of temporary popularity, when prosperous; or a\nlove of general mischief, when desperate, my opinion is unshaken. To\nabolish a status which in all ages GOD has sanctioned, and man has\ncontinued, would not only be robbery to an innumerable class of our\nfellow-subjects; but it would be extreme cruelty to the African\nSavages, a portion of whom it saves from massacre, or intolerable\nbondage in their own country, and introduces into a much happier state\nof life; especially now when their passage to the West Indies and\ntheir treatment there is humanely regulated. To abolish that trade\nwould be to shut the gates of mercy on mankind. \u003ca href=\"https://www.al-islam.org/slavery-islamic-and-christian-perspectives-sayyid-saeed-akhtar-rizvi/christians-organise-slave-trade\"\u003eChristians Organise\nSlave-Trade\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) Shaw, G.B. \u003ca href=\"https://www.gutenberg.org/files/5604/5604-h/5604-h.htm\"\u003eGetting\nMarried\u003c/a\u003e, 1908\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(3) Swift, J \u003ca href=\"https://www.gutenberg.org/files/17157/17157-h/17157-h.htm\"\u003eGulliver\u0026rsquo;s\nTravels\u003c/a\u003e Book\n4, A Voyage to the Country of the Houyhnhnms. Chapter XII\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy Reconcilement to the Yahoo-kind in general might not be so\ndifficult if they would be content with those Vices and Follies only,\nwhich Nature has entitled them to. I am not in the least provoked at\nthe Sight of a Lawyer, a Pick-pocket, a Colonel, a Fool, a Lord, a\nGamester, a Politician, a Whore-Master, a Physician, an Evidence, a\nSuborner, an Attorney, a Traitor, or the like: This is all according\nto the due Course of Things: But when I behold a Lump of Deformity,\nand Diseases both in Body and Mind, smitten with Pride, it immediately\nbreaks all the Measures of my Patience; neither shall I be ever able\nto comprehend how such an Animal and such a Vice could tally together.\nThe wise and virtuous Houyhnhnms, who abound in all Excellencies that\ncan adorn a Rational Creature, have no Name for this Vice in their\nLanguage, which has no Terms to express anything that is Evil, except\nthose whereby they describe the detestable Qualities of their Yahoos,\namong which they were not able to distinguish this of Pride, for want\nof thoroughly understanding Human Nature, as it sheweth itself in\nother Countries, where that Animal presides. But I, who had more\nExperience, could plainly observe some Rudiments of it among the wild\nYahoos.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(4) Twain, M. \u003ca href=\"http://www.quotationspage.com/quote/158.html\"\u003eFollowing the\nEquator\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(5) Altruism in rats using shock experiment: \u003ca href=\"https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/earth/wildlife/5373379/Animals-can-tell-right-from-wrong.html\"\u003eAnimals Can Tell Right\nFrom\nWrong\u003c/a\u003e,\nby Richard Gray, Science Correspondent. May 23, 2009.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(6) \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"masserman.pdf\" alt=\"masserman.pdf\"\u003e\n\n, Jules Masserman 1964:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(7) \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milgram_experiment\"\u003eMilgram\nExperiment\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(8) Twain, M. \u003ca href=\"http://www.quotationspage.com/quote/39163.html\"\u003eThe Lowest\nAnimal\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(9) Rare antelope driven to edge of extinction\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA well-meant but misguided decision by conservationists is driving a\ncentral Asian antelope to the brink of extinction, a report claims\ntoday. Poachers who were encouraged to hunt the saiga, an antelope of\nthe steppes of Russia and Kazakhstan, to ease the pressure on rhino in\nAfrica and Asia, have brought about a catastrophic 97 per cent fall in\nthe animal\u0026rsquo;s numbers in a decade, according to this week\u0026rsquo;s New\nScientist magazine. The decline from more than a million to fewer than\n30,000 is through to be the most sudden and severe population crash of\na large mammal. The saiga has been hunted, says the report by Fred\nPearce, a science writer, because in the early 1990s the World Wide\nFund for Nature (WWF) and other conservation groups actively promoted\nthe saiga horn as an alternative to the horn of endangered rhinos,\nwhich is used as an ingredient in traditional Chinese medicineā€¦..The\nplains used to be black with these antelopes, but now you can go out\nthere and not see any at all, says Dr Abigail Entwistle, director of\nthe Eurasia programme of the conservation charity Fauna and Flora\nInternational. This is the most sudden change in fortune for a large\nmammal species recorded in recent timesā€¦.According to the report, WWF\nbegan a campaign in 1991 in Hong Kong to publicise saiga horn as an\nalternative to rhino horn, which when ground up is widely used in\ntraditional Chinese medicine as a remedy. Rhinoceros populations in\nAfrica and Asia have also been devastated by poachers hunting them for\ntheir hornsā€¦.According to Eleanor Milner-Gulland, of Imperial College\nLondon, the leading Western expert on the saiga, there is no known\ncase in biology where the sex ratio has gone so wrong that fecundity\nhas disappeared in this way. Dr Milner-Gulland says that between 1993\nand 1998, saiga numbers across central Asia almost halved, to around\n600,000. Then, with most of the males gone, the population crash began\nin earnest, with numbers halving each year since, until last year\u0026rsquo;s\ncensus recorded just 30,000 individualsā€¦.Hunters are unlikely to drive\nthe saiga to total extinction but without an unexpected reversal in\nits fortunes it will soon be confined to zoos and a few small\nreserves.\u003cbr\u003e\n(\u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/rare-antelope-driven-to-edge-of-extinction-by-wellmeaning-conservationists-118786.html\"\u003eRare antelope driven to edge of extinction by well-meaning\nconservationists\u003c/a\u003e -\nMichael McCarthy Thursday 13 February 2003)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(10) The \u003ca href=\"https://www.doc.govt.nz/nature/pests-and-threats/animal-pests/possums/\"\u003ebroadtail possum in New\nZealand\u003c/a\u003e -\nintroduced by the Australian fur industry\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(11) Nature Conservancy and the hunting of pigs: \u003ca href=\"https://dailynexus.com/2005-03-02/island-pig-eradication-spurs-wild-controversy/\"\u003eIsland Pig\nEradication Spurs Wild\nControversy\u003c/a\u003e,\nClodfelter, L. March 2 2005.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(12) Tusk decorated masks or malanggans of New Ireland: (New Larousse\nEncyclopedia of Mythology, Crescent ISBN: 0517004046. 1987. Page 437 ).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(13) Tribal pig ritual: Hearts of Darkness: A Filmmaker\u0026rsquo;s Apocalypse\n1991.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(14) Washington, H.A. Medical Apartheid: The Dark History of Medical\nExperimentation on Black Americans from Colonial Times to the Present,\nKnopf Doubleday, 2006\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(15) Big Pharma Tries Out First World Drugs on Unsuspecting Third\nWorld Patient\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy the end of July a US district court will decide whether drug giant\nPfizer should stand trial in the United States for presiding over a\ncoercive, botched 1996 experiment on Nigerian children with\nmeningitis. In a class- action suit filed last August, thirty Nigerian\nfamilies say the company violated the Nuremberg Code by forcing an\nunapproved, risky experiment on unwitting subjects who suffered brain\ndamage, loss of hearing, paralysis and death as a resultā€¦ā€¦.Globalizing\nclinical research solves the pharmaceutical paradox that while the\naverage American brings home more than ten prescriptions a year, just\none in 350 is willing to play guinea pig for new drug testing. An\nabundance of poor, undertreated and doctor-trusting patients in\nEastern Europe, Latin America and Southeast Asia renders the quick,\npositive results corporate sponsors need to get new drugs approved\nfast. According to one review, a whopping 99 percent of controlled\ntrials published in China bestowed positive results upon the treatment\nunder investigationā€¦..Even if Americans were willing to participate in\ntrials, they take so many medications that they make poor lab rats\nanyway, clinical researchers say. To prove a new drug safe and\neffective, \u0026ldquo;you want patients with no other disease states and no\nother treatments. Then you can say relatively clearly that whatever\nhappens to those patients is from the drug,\u0026rdquo; says MDS Pharma\u0026rsquo;s Simon\nYaxley, whose company sells what industry PR folks call \u0026ldquo;patient\nrecruitment solutions\u0026rdquo; in Eastern Europe, South Africa, Latin America\nand China. In developing countries, many people, because they are poor\nand don\u0026rsquo;t have access to clinicians and hospitals, aren\u0026rsquo;t taking any\nmedicines for their illnessesā€¦Conveniently, many of the FDA\u0026rsquo;s\nponderous regulations stop at the border. For example, the FDA\u0026rsquo;s\nrequirement that companies prove that their experimental drugs are\nsafe on animals before starting tests on humans doesn\u0026rsquo;t apply for\ntests conducted outside the United States. And experiments on\nAmericans must undergo painstaking, lengthy reviews by\ngovernment-regulated \u0026ldquo;institutional review boards\u0026rdquo; (IRBs)ā€¦The FDA\nsimply requires that foreign trials conform to the World Medical\nAssociation\u0026rsquo;s Declaration of Helsinki, a series of ethical\nrecommendations that critics call rudimentary, nonbinding and\nambiguous. Scientists routinely ignore Helsinki directives to publish\nnegative results and make study designs public, and they liken\nHelsinki-required ethics committees in developing countries to rubber\nstamps. \u0026ldquo;No ethical questions are raised at all,\u0026rdquo; one investigator\nadmitted to the National Bioethics Advisory Commission (NBAC)ā€¦..What\nresults is one set of acceptable risks for patients at home and quite\nanother for patients abroad, a double standard that has left hundreds\nof preventable deaths in its wake. Most notoriously, in the mid- and\nlate 1990s, the National Institutes of Health and the Centers for\nDisease Control funded and defended studies in which Western\nscientists withheld treatment from HIV-infected pregnant women in\ndeveloping countries, even though they knew antiretroviral drugs would\nreduce the rate of HIV infection in their infants by two-thirds.\nHundreds of infants \u0026ldquo;needlessly contracted HIV infection\u0026rdquo; while\nWestern doctors presided over their care, according to an incendiary\nNew England Journal of Medicine paper by Public Citizen\u0026rsquo;s Dr. Peter\nLurie and Dr. Sidney Wolfe..\u0026rdquo; Published in the July 1, 2002 issue of\nThe Nation. Globalizing Clinical Research: \u003ca href=\"https://thirdworldtraveler.com/Health/Globalizing_DrugResearch.html\"\u003eBig Pharma Tries Out First\nWorld Drugs on Unsuspecting Third World\nPatients\u003c/a\u003e\nby Sonia Shaw.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(16) Example of government agencies breeding wildlife for hunting:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNew Jersey offers sportsmen and women more than 500,000 acres of\nstate-owned public open space providing a diversity of habitats from\nhardwood ridges and rolling hills to pine forests and salt marsh. This\ntotal includes more than 276,000 acres in 118 Wildlife Management Areas,\nspecifically managed to enhance wildlife populations and provide for\nwildlife-oriented recreation.\u0026quot;ā€¦New Jersey offers more than a hundred\ndays of deer hunting, including seasons for bow, shotgun and\nmuzzleloading rifle. Multiple bag limits are the rule in most zones. The\n2001-02 deer harvest was 68,669. In addition, some of the best waterfowl\nhunting on the East coast is found in the Garden State. Snow geese,\nbrant, black duck, mallard, bufflehead and a variety of other waterfowl\nspecies provide extensive hunting opportunities, especially on the\ncoastal marshes. The Rockport Pheasant Farm produces 55,000 pheasants\nannually for release on selected wildlife management areas. The wild\nturkey, reestablished in the late 1970s, continues to increase\nthroughout the state with the population now estimated at 18,000 -\n20,000 with an annual harvest of more than 2,000.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.nj.gov/dep/fgw/hunting.htm\"\u003eNew Jersey Dept. of Fish and Wildlife\nwebsite\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(17) Biblical attitudes disavowed today:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNT pro-slavery:\u003cbr\u003e\nEphesians 6:5-8 5 Servants, be obedient to them that are your masters\naccording to the flesh, with fear and trembling, in singleness of your\nheart, as unto Christ; 6 Not with eyeservice, as menpleasers; but as\nthe servants of Christ, doing the will of God from the heart; 7 With\ngood will doing service, as to the Lord, and not to men: 8 Knowing\nthat whatsoever good thing any man doeth, the same shall he receive of\nthe Lord, whether he be bond or free.*Colossians 3:22 22 Servants,\nobey in all things your masters according to the flesh; not with\neyeservice, as menpleasers; but in singleness of heart, fearing God:\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndifference to Poverty:\u003cbr\u003e\nMatthew 26:6-11 6 Now when Jesus was in Bethany, in the house of Simon\nthe leper, 7 There came unto him a woman having an alabaster box of\nvery precious ointment, and poured it on his head, as he sat at meat.\n8 But when his disciples saw it, they had indignation, saying, To what\npurpose is this waste? 9 For this ointment might have been sold for\nmuch, and given to the poor. 10 When Jesus understood it, he said unto\nthem, Why trouble ye the woman? for she hath wrought a good work upon\nme. 11 For ye have the poor always with you; but me ye have not\nalways.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeating and Killing Slaves:\u003cbr\u003e\nAn owner could beat a male or female slave but would have to avoid\nserious injury to eyes or teeth and beating the slave to death unless\nthey died a day or so later: Exodus 21:20-21 \u0026ldquo;And if a man smite his\nservant, or his maid, with a rod, and he die under his hand; he shall\nbe surely punished. Notwithstanding, if he continue a day or two, he\nshall not be punished: for he is his money [property].\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e" }, { "title": "Artichokle", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/artichokle/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/artichokle/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eLettuce look at the apeeling benefits that eating fruits and vegetables\ncan injuice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt this currant thyme there is much information available about how\nprocessed foods can contribute to health issues such as leeky gut, which\ncannot be ignoried. It is a good idea to beetroo to yourself by eating a\nsimple natural diet and it doesn\u0026rsquo;t take a sage to work thistle out.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEating a diet of wholefoods cresses every cell in our bodies with a\nsense of pease and makes us feel much more comfrey, plus it tastes good\nso we get a berry good dill.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt really is nothing radishal despite all of the recent claims, for\nhealth is our natural state of bean. Some people see it as part of their\nspirulinitual practise whilst others see it simply as a rootine.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt helps to have a high celery to spend on good quality produce or to\npear up with a friend who eats the same way for mutual supperort, which\ncan make the process go smoothier, blending the changes into your life\nmuch peasier.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlthough peach person is different, corntinuing with a healthy diet is\ngenerally peasier when one takes shallot of care to approach it in a way\nthat feels comfrey to them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI hope that this artichokle was kelpful!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Astrology There's More Than Meets the Eye", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/cari/astrology-theres-more-than-meets-the-eye/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/cari/astrology-theres-more-than-meets-the-eye/", "authors": [ { "name": "Cari" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAstrology has more substance than what you can find in the entertainment\nsection of your daily newspaper. It\u0026rsquo;s history is like a road, stretching\nback to Babylonian times, that has since branched into as many different\ndirections as there are human traits. In respect to it\u0026rsquo;s history, we owe\nit to ourselves to give astrology a closer look in order to understand\nwhy it has been around for so long and what we could possibly gain from\nit, other than a laugh. Taking astrology seriously, instead of\nridiculing it, could provide a more thorough understanding of the field\nand may even prove to be beneficial.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDating back to around 1000 B.C., when things such as telescopes and the\nGregorian calendar had not yet been invented, the mathematically\ninclined Maya civilization flourished. They were among the first to\ncreate an incredibly accurate calendar; calculating that the length of\nthe tropical year was 365.2422 days. There\u0026rsquo;s just 0.0002 days difference\nbetween their measurement and the current one! They also calculated,\nthat the average full revolution of Venus is 584 days, whereas its\nactual cycle is 583.92 days (Gallenkamp, C., 1985). Needless to say, the\nMayas did a lot of studying of the visible planets and kept a close eye\non their behavioral and environmental changes. The Mayas could\naccurately predict lunar eclipses and believed that the planets not only\naffected our behavior, but also gave insight to the future. It was here,\nbefore mankind became overwhelmed with new discoveries, where humans\nestablished that there is a connection between ourselves and the\nplanets. These beliefs are what set the foundation for astrology, and\nhave been analyzed and expanded upon ever since.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerhaps the most intriguing concept in astrology, and also a reason why\nit has neither been proven or disproved, is that it deals with the human\npsyche. We know much about the way our minds operate, but certainly not\neverything! Astrology has been around for so long probably because it\nmakes an attempt to give reason to our mysterious behaviors. Like the\nmany personality tests created to give awareness to one\u0026rsquo;s own doings and\nreasoning, astrology attempts to point out difficulties and clear up\nconfusions in life. Reading into only the information deriving from your\nSun sign, is like answering one question from a personality test, and\nexpecting it to interpret into something personal. It just isn\u0026rsquo;t that\nsimple. In order to get a detailed and more personal reading of the\nplanets\u0026rsquo; affects on you, talking with a professional in the field would\nprovide far more insight than reading \u0026ldquo;your\u0026rdquo; horoscope from your\nfavorite magazine. Each of the planets pertain to different aspects in\nour lives; for example, your Venus sign is said to deal with the way you\nboth give and receive love, as well as how you handle your finances. The\nmany relationships we become a part of in life can be better understood\nby looking into the influences the planets are said to have on us. While\ninterpretations of the planets\u0026rsquo; effects vary to some degree, the bottom\nline that many astrologers have attempted to prove, is that we are\ninfluenced by the planets in some way.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor quite some time we have known that the regular cycles of the Moon\nare what regulate the oceans\u0026rsquo; tides, but some have had doubts in\nrelating this planets\u0026rsquo; cycles to human temperament. At the University of\nMiami, Dr. Arnold Lieber tested the \u0026ldquo;full Moon\u0026rdquo; theory that during this\nphase of the Moon there is a higher rate of violent behavior in humans,\nresulting in homicide. When data was collected from 1,887 murder cases\nfrom Dade County (Miami), it showed that the phase of the Moon and the\nnumber of homicides reported rose and fell together for an entire 15\nyear span (Townley, J. 1997). Dr. Lieber and his team of researchers\ndecided to test it again to make sure the results weren\u0026rsquo;t coincidence.\nAgain, when the theory was tested using data from Cuyahoga County in\nCleveland, OH, the results showed that the amount of murders increased\nas the full Moon approached, and the number decreased when it was in the\nfirst and last quarter of its cycle. While this doesn\u0026rsquo;t prove that it\nwas the Moon that lead these individuals to kill, it does show that\nthere may be a relationship between us and the Moon. Not only have we\nstudied erratic behavior in humans in relation to our Moon, but also in\nrelation to the other planets, such as Mars.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA French psychologist and statistician, Michel Gauquelin, conducted an\nextensive study, now known as the \u0026ldquo;Mars Effect,\u0026rdquo; in order to see if he\ncould find similarities in famous French figures\u0026rsquo; birth charts, relating\nto their professions (Gauquelin, M., 1983). In his initial study, he\ngathered over 6,000 birth dates to compare. He found that the planet\nMars was commonly passing through a certain sector of space at the time\nof birth for many sports champions; significantly more often than chance\nwould allow. The numbers were in agreement with what astrologers have\nclaimed for years ā€“ that when certain planets are rising over the\nhorizon at the time of an individuals\u0026rsquo; birth, they can influence which\ncareer the person can excel at. Since 1955, when Gauquelin first\npublished his findings, multiple studies have been conducted to disprove\nhis data; and the ones that did, proved later to have inaccurate records\nof birth times. Unfortunately, no matter how many studies have presented\nus with evidence supporting the significance of astrology, it may be a\ndifficult belief to respect without having an open-mind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChanging the way you perceive astrology may be the first step in gaining\nan appreciation for it. To view it only in its commercialized format, is\nmerely skimming the surface of this complex belief. I ask you to do an\ninvestigation of your own; then decide if it stands on solid ground or\nnot.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReferences\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGallenkamp, C. (1985). Maya: The Riddle and Rediscovery of a Lost\nCivilization (3rd ed.). New York: Viking Penguin Inc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGauquelin, M. (1983). Birth-Times: A Scientific Investigation of the\nSecrets of Astrology. New York: Hill and Wang.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTownley, J. (1997). Dynamic Astrology: Using Planetary Cycles to Make\nPersonal and Career Choices. Rochester, VT: Destiny Books.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Being British", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/being-british/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/being-british/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eSips a cup of tea whilst leaning against a red phone booth whilst\nholding a bag of salt\u0026rsquo; n\u0026rsquo; vinegar chips whilst saying \u0026lsquo;How do you do?\u0026rsquo;\nwhilst a stereotypical policeman walks by singing \u0026lsquo;God Save The Queen\u0026rsquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhilst criminals wearing stripy pajamas rob a bank using sacks across\nthe road in broad daylight and make their get away on a big red bus of\nwhich Cliff Richard is the driver who is serenading them with \u0026lsquo;Summer\nHoliday\u0026rsquo; whilst the passengers sit in awkward silence stewing in social\nshame because they are amongst strangers whilst they wonder who is the\npsycho driving the bus and inappropriately engaging in joyous\nself-expression in a public place but it doesn\u0026rsquo;t bother them for long as\nthey are busy planning a list of soap operas to watch that night and\nwhether to have their potatoes roasted, boiled or mashed whilst they\nbrowse through the paper to check to see what murders, rapes and\nmuggings took place the previous dayā€¦ because everyone likes a routine\nin England ;) It\u0026rsquo;s just a shame that they had to look in the paper for\nthese things (which is surely second rate) when they could have captured\nthe bank robbery on their very own iphones (and posted it on Facebook)\nbut they missed it as they had been too busy tweetin\u0026rsquo; about what they\nhad in their sandwich that day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI didn\u0026rsquo;t used to like labelling myself as a Brit\u003cbr\u003e\nIn fact for a long time I thought that it was s**t\u003cbr\u003e\nAs the things it conjured in mind were not so pleasant\u003cbr\u003e\nBut now I\u0026rsquo;m rather happy as a simple English peasant\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBefore I go any further I would like to add\u003cbr\u003e\nAnother element of why I was not glad\u003cbr\u003e\nI think it shallow to judge a person by their place of birth\u003cbr\u003e\nIt creates separation among the people of the earth\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen I thought of Britain the things that I saw\u003cbr\u003e\nWould make me think there surely must be more\u003cbr\u003e\nTo living on an isle as beautiful as this\u003cbr\u003e\nThan all things I didn\u0026rsquo;t like that made me feel p*****\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI guess that I was just looking in the wrong direction\u003cbr\u003e\nBut luckily I have made a perceptual correction\u003cbr\u003e\nI no longer think of Britain in that way\u003cbr\u003e\nNow I observe things that make me want to stay\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI used to think that we always had bad weather\u003cbr\u003e\nNow the moody skies just make me think of heather\u003cbr\u003e\nBlowing wildly on the moors in the countryside\u003cbr\u003e\nThrough which I love to walk or take a pleasant ride\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow instead of towns which are really crowded\u003cbr\u003e\nI think of beautiful forests that are shrouded\u003cbr\u003e\nIn mist and the smell of pines and flowers\u003cbr\u003e\nIt\u0026rsquo;s so peaceful that I could stay for hours\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe history of Britain has some stunning tales\u003cbr\u003e\nWhich originate in Scotland, England and Wales\u003cbr\u003e\nNow what I associate with my geographical roots\u003cbr\u003e\nAre sea sides, seasons, forests, music, castles, bows and loots\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo perhaps instead of dreaming about the tropics\u003cbr\u003e\nI will explore some more of these British topics\u003cbr\u003e\nI\u0026rsquo;ll stay around and make myself a home where I can be\u003cbr\u003e\nAppreciative of England and living happily\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach country is different with its own magic soul\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd embodies a different aspect of the whole\u003cbr\u003e\nWorld on which we live so let us love our own\u003cbr\u003e\nCountry from the heart and make ourselves at home\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Big Georges Journey", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:55-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/big-georges-journey/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/big-george/big-georges-journey/", "authors": [ { "name": "Big George" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI grew up in believing that if one drinks his milk, eats all his food on\nhis plate and eats plenty of meat that I will have robust health and\ngrow up healthy and strong. Of course this seemed to make sense to me\nbecause everyone around me was doing this so it must be the right thing\nto do. How could so many people be wrong? Besides, while growing up my\nfather worked in a meat factory in charge of maintenance, so I never\nquestioned the consumption of meat at that time. I was raised with love\nand always saw my parents working hard. However their dietary habits\nwere very questionable. People do, I believe, the best they know how to\nat that given time . I certainly did not have the best eating habits at\nthat time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI guess you would have called me a \u0026lsquo;burger boy\u0026rsquo;. I had to have a\nhamburger each day along with several glasses of milk. As a matter of\nfact, I use to feel extremely guilty if I didn\u0026rsquo;t have a large glass of\nmilk before I went to sleep. So I would have one each night. Boy, was I\nconditioned!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, if this was the optimum way to health then why did I suffer\nfrom sore throats, allergies, colds, ear aches, constipation, acne etc.?\nI continued eating this way for many years up until the age of about 20\nwhen I entered the Army.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis was an interesting experience. I learned many things while in the\narmy, one of them being the power that the mind has over the body and I\nhad the opportunity to meet an incredible friend named David Weiman, who\ntruly was a soldier of the heart.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was involved in a lot of sport teams, always reading the latest on\nsports nutrition and diet. Of course, I didn\u0026rsquo;t realize it at the time\nthat all these articles are paid for by companies. This, of course,\nwould make the articles somewhat biased.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile in the Army I was in great shape. I had a physique that most men\nmy age would have wanted, lean and muscular. However I was always tired\nand sick even having to go to the hospital to have them work on my\nhemorrhoids. Plus, I developed a rash on my face and the medical\ncommunity tried to heal it through medications. I had a very bad\nreaction to the drugs so bad that my face was full of blisters. It\nwasn\u0026rsquo;t pretty for sure. I chose not to use the poisons they call\nmedicines again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was becoming desperate and was willing to try almost anything to\nimprove my condition in which I was so unhappy with.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTheir is an old saying, \u0026ldquo;when the student is ready the teacher will\nappear\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell this came in the form of a book: Unlimited Power by Anthony\nRobbins. This book literally changed my life physically and mentally. I\nread the chapter on Fuel for excellence in which they talked about\nvegetarianism and food combining. I found it to be incredible! I\nwondered how come I didn\u0026rsquo;t know about this before? So I gave it a try\nand literally went cold turkey (I should say lettuce). I dropped all\nmeat consumption and the magical process began. Remember, I did this\nwhile learning how to kill and maim people, while serving as an infantry\nsoldier. As you probably have guessed, this was not the most vegetarian\nfriendly place to do this. Despite the ridicule, I continued and I am\nglad I did.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI couldn\u0026rsquo;t believe the incredible amount of energy that I had now. I\nshed many unhealthy pounds through detoxification and ran a marathon\nwith only 10 days of training. This was done through the power of the\nmind (NLP) and the fuel through a vegetarian lifestyle. This simple goal\nproved to me that anything is possible.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI was really feeling powerful and unstoppable. I had become a vegetarian\nfor health reasons and it wasn\u0026rsquo;t until reading John Robbins\u0026rsquo; book Diet\nfor a New America (after the army) that I learned about the cruel acts\nthat was being done to our friends the animals. Kind of sad when you\nthink that most peoples\u0026rsquo; interactions with the animals is to eat them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI met my soulmate Denise (who is an incredible soul with life changing\nqualities) while in the army and later wed her after I had left the\narmy. One thing that I did see happen in the Army was the changes that\nwhere taking place as a result of David and I being Vegetarians. Out of\nall the places in the world to become a vegetarian (especially when I\nwas being trained to kill), I could see the changes of more healthy\nfoods being available in the mess halls and others being interested in\nthe vegetarian lifestyle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs my journey continued, I found myself not having the energy that I\nonce did even though I was still a vegetarian. I was once giving a\nbusiness seminar when I received some information in the mail from a\nnatural healing school I had sent for. I was interested in becoming a\nhealth practitioner (one must earn a living), because of my enthusiasm\nfor wanting to learn more about health. However, most courses I sent\nfor, talked about the importance of meat/dairy protein etc. For me\ntaking these courses would have been difficult because I would have\nfailed the tests unless I lied. I found a course which seemed to be\nalong my beliefs, run by a gentlemen known as T.C. Fry (author of\nseveral books one being The Great Aids Hoax ) and wow, was the\ninformation on his booklet a shocker.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI thought I was doing everything right eating plenty of tofu, pasta,\nbread, cereals etc. Boy was I wrong. I went over the booklet several\ntimes with excitement because it just made sense to me.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI then decided to go all Raw (this was about 5 years ago), mainly eating\nfruits and a few vegetables. I shed a lot of unhealthy pounds through\nthe detoxification process. However I was not ready to continue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTiming is everything in life. At that time I was going through a lot of\nemotional stress, loss of a business, Denise\u0026rsquo;s father passing away and\neveryone (family) thinking I was becoming a skeleton, and in a world\nfull of vanity this was a big blow to my Male Ego at the time. I felt I\ndidn\u0026rsquo;t have the support to continue, so I put Raw foods on the back\nburner and continued to eat cooked foods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe interesting thing that I have learned since then, is when someone is\ndetoxifying, not only are past food sins being released - so are past\nemotions and we need to know how to deal with them..\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI did not know of meditation at the time. Although I was brought up as a\nRoman Catholic, we really never knew too much about it, except it was\nsome thing someone does if they belong to a religion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy thoughts were becoming weak after reading so much information on\nHealth and so many contradictions. I began to question myself and became\nconfused. When one starts doubting each thing that one does then our\nthoughts become poor. I developed severe anxiety to the point where I\neven was questioning my breathing patterns. I knew I had to do something\nabout this. (Of course everything happens for a purpose and a new person\nwas emerging.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI kept hearing so much about yoga and the benefits, so I looked in the\nyellow pages under yoga and saw a listing for Raja Yoga. This experience\nwould change my life also. I went to classes almost on a daily basis and\npracticed meditation. I learned that we are not these physical bodies\nbut spiritual beings and that God was our true energy source.. I also\nhad the opportunity of meeting with many spiritually tuned people one in\nparticular, Hasmuk, whom I am privileged to have as my good friend..\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith the knowledge I had learned, I began to put it into practice.\nThrough meditation I started to notice a lot of emotions coming up. So I\nknow knew how to deal with them and most importantly I started to trust\nmyself once again.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany years passed and I began to think about Raw foods again. If Raw\nfoods can assist the body in healing serious incurable diseases then\nwhat if someone like myself who was in good physical shape, lived that\nlifestyle. What would happen then?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo I made the transition to the point where I was eating only one cooked\nmeal a week. Now when I look back at it, I really don\u0026rsquo;t know why I did\nhave that one meal per week because after I ate it I really didn\u0026rsquo;t feel\nthat great.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen the magic began one day. I decided I have choices in my life and I\nchose to go Raw. This was a powerful decision. My life has transformed\nby being Raw. You become a new person and see things in a different way.\nNow I had a strong foundation, so while I was detoxifying, I was now\nable to deal with two issues I never knew how to deal with before.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first was weight loss through detoxification. This is a challenging\naspect to most males because of the Male Ego. Men have been brought up\nin believing that to survive in this world one must be strong physically\nand look the part also. If not, then he will not survive in this world\nand simply perish.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo when men start losing a lot of unhealthy weight they become fearful\nand panic because they believe that the body is them. Most suffering in\nthe world is a direct result of our attachment to these bodies. Some of\nthese results are in the form of vanity, greed, lust etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe other aspect of Raw that I learned, is trusting. Trusting in God,\nMother Nature and myself I know now, that God will provide everything if\nwe are willing to simply just let go. So I did and it is amazing to just\ndo that.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLife is simple, we just tend to make it complicated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRaw foods is a incredible way of providing one the optimum fuel for this\nvehicle we call a body, in achieving what one desires and allowing more\nenergy to provide benefit to the world. Raw foods provides one with more\ntime. For example, less time cooking and preparing foods and more time\ndoing the things you enjoy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRaw foods has also opened up a new network for me. I have met friends\nfrom across the world who share the same passion as I do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIs Raw food the only key to a Healthy Fulfilling life? No, but it is\nimportant in providing the best fuel for the body. The disciplines I\nhave learned through Raw Foods has transpired in other areas of my life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor every disciplined effort their are multiple rewards.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs I continue on my journey, I keep learning how to improve oneself. I\nrealize the importance of Self-Responsibility when I take care of myself\nphysically, mentally and spiritually. I do not then become a burden for\nothers. When one is sick, then one puts a strain on others, because one\nhas to be taken care of physically and financially. Our health care\nsystem is set up so people do not need to take that responsibility and\nthat is why you see the problems and high taxes you see today.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany people today do not take the responsibility for their own\nwell-being. They would much rather blame it on something outside of them\nsuch as past experiences, viruses etc. This of course allows them to\nfeel like weak victims instead of powerful souls which is who we really\nare. When one feels weak and with low self-esteem, they can become prey\nto others who would take advantage of them (one being the Medical\nindustry which has profited enormously at the expense of human lives).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs we head into the new Millennium and Towards Freedom, we ask\nourselves, \u0026ldquo;Why are so many people unhappy with so much in technological\nadvances and material wealth?\u0026rdquo; I believe it is because people are\nunderstanding that it is not something outside of us that will provide\nhappiness, but something inside that will. People are looking for a more\nspiritual side of life now.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI see a shift taking place right now. I see the world cleansing itself.\nMany changes will take place. Many people will become, what I like to\ncall, Torch Bearers, that is people who have been able to see the light\ninside them and now cast it out to the world so that others can see\ntheir own light on the way back home. As we move Towards Freedom ā€¦.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy goals are to help spread the news of Health, to assist others in\ntheir goals of seeing their light and to continue my own growth, so that\nI may not be a burden on others.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis site is dedicated to God and the Torch Bearers of this world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDenise Zuwala, Mom and Dad, Lois, Red Rose, Wes, David Klein, Alkaline\nAl, Hasmuk, Dr. Schulze, John Robbins, Anthony Robbins, Desmond TuTu,\nDoug Stanley, Nelson Mandela, Dr. Wayne Dwyer, Roe Gallo, Dr. Bernarr,\nJohn Travis Bivona, Dr. Graham, Twyla, Roberto Zuwala, Mario C, Liz\nDezan, DurianRider and Freelea, Debbie Took, Kyron, Ranjana, and my good\nfriend Prad.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(If your name is not on this list it is not to say you are not a torch\nbearer. You are a torch bearer as well. I have just not had the pleasure\nof meeting you. Someday I hope we might. )\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGod Bless!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "A Bit About Wes", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/wes-peterson/a-bit-about-wes/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/wes-peterson/a-bit-about-wes/", "authors": [ { "name": "Wes Peterson" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eI came into this life as of March 10th, 1977, at about 11:11 AM.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere I am; in the midst of eternity. Playing the game called life. I\u0026rsquo;m\ngrateful to be here, and am truly blessed in many ways.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the course of my existence, I have come to the powerful\nrealization that I am here for two main purposes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePart of the reason for my being here now is to make a positive\ncontribution to this world. I hope to make quite an impact before I move\non.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI intend on fulfilling these purposes. I also have many other goals,\ndreams, and aspirations that I plan to fulfill in the process. I\u0026rsquo;m\nenjoying the ride!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFairly early on for me, my life manifested the energies/emotions of\ngrief, anger, and pain. My teen years were rough for me in many ways. I\n\u0026ldquo;suffered\u0026rdquo; from \u0026ldquo;clinical depression\u0026rdquo; ā€“ severe depression, for a few\nyears. Those were trying times. A person who was typically gregarious,\nconfident, and joy-filled in my childhood, I was rendered isolated,\ndiffident, and despondent during my teen years. The reasons for why\nthese events occurred do not matter now. What does matter is that I\ngained a tremendous amount of growth from these experiences, and a\npathway to self mastery was revealed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI fully realize now that all things in this universe are governed by the\nUniversal Law of Karma ā€“ Cause and Effect. We literally reap what we\nsow. There are repercussions in one way shape or form, for all we think,\ndo, and say. Everything counts, and everything is connected.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI also fully realize now that all experiences are learning experiences.\nThere is not a single life experience that is NOT a learning experience.\nAnd I fully now realize that we are all here to learn ā€“ to learn how to\nlive life - to live as we are created to live. Our potential is without\nlimits. We are literally part of God, and have God-like potential within\nus\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe are also here to learn the Laws that have been set forth for us to\nlive by. These include the Natural, Universal, and Divine Laws. All of\nthese Laws have been created by God. These Laws are inexorable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI began my \u0026ldquo;awakening\u0026rdquo; when I started to become conscious to the effect\nthat food has on one\u0026rsquo;s health and well-being (or lack thereof) - the\neffects which encompass physically, emotionally, mentally, and\nspiritually. I\u0026rsquo;ve become aware of the fact that the human\nphysical/emotional/mental/spiritual dynamic is part of the same -\ninterconnectedness. That which affects the part, affects the whole.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMy realization of this is what eventually led me into studying Holism.\nOne of my main interest areas is that of natural living, which\nencompasses a variety of factors. I am also currently earning a\nBachelor\u0026rsquo;s degree in Naturopathy / Holistic Nutrition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne factor in the equation is nutrition. Most people are aware of the\nfact that what we eat affects the health of our physical bodies, and our\nlength of life (longevity). However, in addition, the truth is that what\nwe eat dramatically effects us in how we feel, think, and behave.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother realization I\u0026rsquo;ve had while traversing my path is that it is\nagainst our nature to eat animals, and in fact is destructive in many\nways to do so. There are massive repercussions for eating animals. The\nphysical, mental, and spiritual health of humanity, the health and\nstrength of the environment, our resources, and more, are all being\ntremendously squandered and hindered due to the unnatural and\ndestructive dietary habits of most at present.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAllow me to describe a few things I\u0026rsquo;ve realized regarding the subject of\nmeat eating vs. vegetarianism:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost people are taken aback by blood and death. Most people inherently\nlove animals, and are gentle and kind to our fellow planetary\nco-inhabitants. However, most people interact with animalsā€¦by eating\ntheir dead bodies! Strange isn\u0026rsquo;t it, to consider that dead animals are\neaten en masse daily in this world by human beings? When one eats meat,\none literally eats a corpse ā€“ death. It is a shame to consider that\npeople consider dead animal carcasses a normal part of the diet. The\nterm \u0026ldquo;livestock farming\u0026rdquo; is in reality, a euphemism for \u0026ldquo;animal\nconcentration camps\u0026rdquo;. Every day, millions of innocent animals are\nenslaved, are poorly treated, fed toxic feed, \u0026ldquo;fattened up\u0026rdquo;, innoculated\nwith numerous poisons (such as antibiotics), and eventually murdered,\nbutchered, shipped to all areas of the globe, and cooked ā€“ for the\npurpose of \u0026ldquo;feeding\u0026rdquo; human beings. A meat market is truly a morgue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen one ingests meat, one eats the blood, lymph, concentrated toxins,\nanimal\u0026rsquo;s hormones, gross excess of protein, and numerous other factors\nwhich exist in the meat. And when one eats meat which has been cooked -\nwhich accounts for most if not all meat people eat - numerous other\ntoxins are ingested which are created in the cooking process, which\ninclude various carcinogens, mutagens, and teratogens. Cooking also\nrenders the protein in meat into a very denatured, coagulated substance,\nwhich is hard to digest, and which putrefies in the 30-foot long human\ndigestive tract/intestines. If you don\u0026rsquo;t believe it putrefies, put a\nhunk of meat into a closed, dark, damp container at 98.6 degrees\nfahrenheit for a few days, and see for yourself. This putrefying meat\ncreates autotoxemia and putrefactive bacteria in the digestive tract.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut the material/matter aspects of eating meat are only part of the\npicture. All food has energy and consciousness factors in it. When one\neats meat, one eats the fear and pain that animal experienced, as well\nas the darkness and very dense vibration of death. It can be said that\neating dead animals truly has negative karma implications. You take on\nthe energies of that which you associate with.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI\u0026rsquo;ve learned a lot of interesting things along my path. And perhaps the\nmost profound thing I\u0026rsquo;ve learned in terms of nutrition, is that if you\ncook food, you literally kill it, and render it a devitalized,\ndehydrated, toxic, dead, degenerated, low vibration substance, unlike\nanything found in nature. Ingestion of cooked food devitalizes,\nstresses, toxifies, deadens, degenerates, and lowers the vibratory rate\nof the human body - and indirectly - the mind and soul. Cooked food\ndrags down and hinders one\u0026rsquo;s full, true potential. As I mentioned above,\neverything is connected; everything encompasses cause and effect. One\ncause and effect relationship which is easy to understand is that eating\ndegenerated food creates a degenerated body.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur biological design is that of a frugivore. We are designed to eat raw\nfruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds. An unfortunate reality is that most\npeople in this present day are eating a diet which is incompatible with\ntheir biological design.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI am here to be, in part, an educator. I realize that there is no place\nin this work for coercion. The free will of all souls must be respected,\nso long as it does not interfere with the free will of another.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of what I say may be blunt and to the point. But behind my words\nare love and compassion. I have love and compassion for my fellow human\nbeings, animals, and indeed the planet as a whole. I want to help make\nthe world a better place. It all starts with each of us. You and I must\nboth start with ourselves, from within. The physical body is the gateway\nto the soul. Purify and attune the physical body to access your\nspiritual potential. Part of the process is eating a raw food,\nvegetarian diet, in conjunction with fasting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKeeping in mind that physical factors such as nutrition and fasting are\nbut part of the big picture - not the \u0026ldquo;be all, end all\u0026rdquo; - they are\nnonetheless very powerful pieces to the puzzle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAwaken the God within! Trust your inner voice. The answers you need at\nany given moment are there ā€“ right inside you!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe masters (such as Jesus and Buddha) taught us some very valuable\nthings. Perhaps the most valuable teaching of all is that of\nUnconditional Love and Compassion. When we encompass these wonderful\nenergies, we literally raise our vibration, uplift ourselves, and that\nof the world.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe power of people working together with focused intent for a common\ngoal is staggering and beyond description. Let\u0026rsquo;s work together and help\nto uplift our planet into a new era. A new Golden Age can be ours. Let\nus prepare ourselves for the reception of Light. Darkness cannot exist\nin the presence of light.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI want to thank you for reading this little bit of what I\u0026rsquo;ve had to say\nhere. Perhaps something clicked within you and resonated with you. There\nare really so many people that I would like to offer thanks to. However\nsince there are so many, I wouldn\u0026rsquo;t want to risk leaving anyone out! But\nmost of all, I offer grateful thanks to the Divine Power (God), the\nUniverse, and to Nature.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMay your soul shine!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHumbly submitted.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "A Long Long Time", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/et/a-long-long-time/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/et/a-long-long-time/", "authors": [ { "name": "et" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eUntil we are compassionate to all beings, including ourselves, we are\ndoomed to repeat the lines \u0026rsquo;lest we forget\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;stop racism\u0026rsquo;, \u0026rsquo;equality\nfor women\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;keep our ancient forests\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;reduce reuse recycle\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;do not\neat our friends\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;rats have righton\u0026rsquo;, and so on so forth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome are under the impression that they are superior somehow. This is\napparently a justification for the presumed dominance and ill treatment\nof others. It has been suggested that some are more intellectual, can\nreason better, can control and manipulate their environment. My question\nwould be to what end? Ultimately, whatever we do to our environment, we\ndo to ourselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSame could be said for oppression. With the various forms such as the\nAfrican slave trade to the Americas, women\u0026rsquo;s lack of equality, the\ntreatment of the Jews under the Nazi government, the cutting down of old\ngrowths, the destruction of eco-systems, the experimentation on chimps\nand rats, the eating of cows and chickens, there always has to be an\noppressor and the oppressed. For you cannot beat and abuse another being\nif you are able to acknowledge their capacity to suffer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, if they weren\u0026rsquo;t up to your standards, if they weren\u0026rsquo;t rational,\nif they didn\u0026rsquo;t feel pain the same way you did, if they were \u0026lsquo;heathens\u0026rsquo;\nor \u0026lsquo;barbaric\u0026rsquo; and if you could go so far as to objectify them, then\nheck, get out the whips and let\u0026rsquo;s reap the rewards in gold and silver.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGreed seems the common theme, be it the slave owner getting hard labor\nfrom his slaves, men not sharing their position and privileges in\nsociety, Hitler confiscating Jewish property, lumber magnates doing as\nthey please with our forests, industry heads getting away with using\nwater bodies as garbage dumps, the factory farmers being able to butcher\ntheir \u0026lsquo;property\u0026rsquo;, or researchers justifying the use of their grants.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s hard to give up unless we know what it\u0026rsquo;s really costing us. History\nshows we repeat atrocities and injustices over and over. There is a\nphrase that goes \u0026lsquo;if we forget our history we are destined to repeat it\u0026rsquo;\nand Bruce Cockburn put in another way \u0026ldquo;Why does history take such a\nlong, long time?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerhaps we never learned that the lesson was not just that racism,\nsexism, or speciesism are unjust, but oppression itself against any\nindividual is intolerable.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "A Stiffnecked People", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/robert-rickover/a-stiffnecked-people/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/robert-rickover/a-stiffnecked-people/", "authors": [ { "name": "Robert Rickover" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe Lord said to Moses, \u0026ldquo;I see this is a stiffnecked people. Now let Me\nbe, that my anger may blaze forth against them and that I may destroy\nthem\u0026rdquo; (Exodus, 32: 9, 10)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoses had been up on the mountain top for awhile receiving God\u0026rsquo;s\ncommandments. The people had lost faith in his return - and in God. They\nbuilt a golden calf to worship and began sacrificing animals to it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGod had just led them out of Egypt, saved them from Pharoh\u0026rsquo;s army and\nprovided for all their needs. Yet just a little delay in Moses\u0026rsquo; return,\nand they reverted back to their old idol-worshiping ways.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s not surprising that God was angry when He saw what they had done.\nBut why did He use the phrase \u0026lsquo;stiffnecked people\u0026rsquo;? And why is that same\nphrase (the Hebrew word is kashe-oref - kashe: hard; oref: scruff of the\nneck) repeated again in Deuteronomy 9: 13 and 14? After all, God didn\u0026rsquo;t\nrail against their stiff shoulders, stiff arms or stiff legs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat\u0026rsquo;s so important about that particular part of our anatomy - that God\nshould make specific mention of it in His anger?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTake a moment to think about where your neck is located and what\nfunction it plays in your life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour neck is the vital connecting corridor between the most important\nparts of your body, your head and your torso. These are two parts of you\nthat are absolutely necessary for you to survive as a living human\nbeing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA surgeon will tell you that there are as many distinct structures in\nyour neck as in all the rest of your body. Air, food, nerve pathways and\nlife- sustaining fluids such as blood and lymph have to pass through\nthis narrow region of your body. And because the structures of your neck\nare packed so closely together, they require an absolute minimum of\nexcess tension to function at their best.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClearly its important for your general well being that your neck freely\nallows what might be called efficient \u0026lsquo;biological connections\u0026rsquo; between\nyour head and torso. But its condition also has a huge impact on the\n\u0026lsquo;mechanics\u0026rsquo; of your functioning: your posture, coordination and your\nability to move efficiently.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour head weighs between 10-12 pounds and it is poised at the very top\nof your neck. I often hand my new Alexander Technique(1) students a sack\nfilled with 12 pounds of sugar and ask them to hold it in their arms for\na few moments to get an idea of what this feels like. Most are amazed\nthat they\u0026rsquo;re carrying so much weight on top of the necks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf your head is lightly balanced on top of your neck, very little\nmuscular effort is needed to keep it there. But if that balance is\ncompromised, you\u0026rsquo;re going to have to hold it up with a lot of muscular\neffort. In other words, you\u0026rsquo;ll have to stiffen your neck to keep it from\nfalling forward, or to one side.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd if your neck is stiffened, that tightness will cause compensatory\ntightening throughout the rest of your body, harming your ability to\nmove freely and efficiently - not to mention restricting your breathing,\nputting pressure on your internal organs, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThink for a moment of people you know who have stiff necks. Watch how\nthey sit, stand and move and you\u0026rsquo;ll see what I mean. Chances are they\nmove comparatively stiffly and awkwardly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd then think of how they adjust to changing circumstances in general\nand how flexible they are in their thinking. Very likely you?ll notice a\ncertain mental rigidity that mirrors their physical stiffness. (It is\nfor good reason that the word \u0026lsquo;stiffnecked\u0026rsquo; is often translated in the\nBible as \u0026lsquo;stubborn\u0026rsquo;.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we are indeed made in God\u0026rsquo;s image, then it stands to reason that He\nwould be displeased when we would take poor care of ourselves.\nStiffening our necks is one of the quickest and surest ways to do just\nthat.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd learning how to release undue tension in our necks is one of the\nbest things we can do to improve our overall functioning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRobert Rickover is a teacher of the Alexander Technique living in\nLincoln, Nebraska. He also teaches regularly in Toronto, Canada. Robert\nis the author of Fitness Without Stress - A Guide to the Alexander\nTechnique and is the creator of The Complete Guide to the Alexander\nTechnique\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "A Way to Rama", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/a-way-to-rama/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/a-way-to-rama/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThere was once a very evil robber who had committed atrocities galore.\nHe had come to the realization that he was in big trouble with a large\naccount of bad karma due to his egocentric activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSomewhat repentant, he went to a great sage to see what could be done\nbefore the revenue collectors came after him. The sage said that his\nactions had been so evil that there really wasn\u0026rsquo;t much hope for him and\nthat he was due for several lifetimes of nastiness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNevertheless, he suggested that the robber at least make a start by\nsaying God\u0026rsquo;s name \u0026ldquo;Rama\u0026rdquo; over and over again. Well, the robber couldn\u0026rsquo;t\neven say \u0026ldquo;Rama\u0026rdquo;. The word wouldn\u0026rsquo;t even come out of his mouth because he\nhad been so sinful! This was really one bad dude!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo the sage, who was also a creative teacher of physics, changed the\nframe of reference and told the robber to say \u0026ldquo;mora\u0026rdquo; which is the word\nfor death. Our robber had no trouble uttering that at all, though he\nreally wasn\u0026rsquo;t sure what the point of doing so was. He was told to keep\nsaying \u0026ldquo;mora\u0026rdquo; continuously and quickly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell, if you do it, you can see what happens:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;mora mora mora moramoramoramo ramoramo ramo rama\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd so, apparently because he had stamina, was sincere and because the\nconditions had been changed (that frame of reference), he managed to\nalter his expected karmic fate and went on to become a great sage as\nwell (though not greater than the first sage, because he did not want to\nupsage his mentor).\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Alternative Healing What Nobody Understands", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/bernarr-zovluck/alternative-healing-what-nobody-understands/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/bernarr-zovluck/alternative-healing-what-nobody-understands/", "authors": [ { "name": "Bernarr Zovluck" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene Practitioners, as indicated by their writings and\nactions, do not understand Natural Hygiene. As the evidence indicated\nherein will show, those Natural Hygiene Practitioners whom we all know\nor those about whom we read or hear, do not know, understand or practice\nNatural Hygiene.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere will not be any attempt herein, to embarrass anyone. They will be\ndescribed by their own words or by their obituaries. There are others\nabout whom there will be no attempt to embarrass or describe herein\nbecause information about them is confidential and will be kept\nconfidential.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCited and described herein, in their misunderstanding of Natural\nHygiene, in alphabetical order are Drs. Burton, Cinque, Cridland,\nCursio, Evans, Fuhrman, Goldhammer, Gross, Mega, Scott, Shelton and\nTelmar, and the lay people, Hannah Allen, R.J. Cheatham, Joy Gross,\nJames Lennon, Bernarr McFadden and Nathan Pritikin.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQuoted herein in a correct understanding of Natural Hygiene are Drs.\nDewey, Nichols, Shelton and Vetrano and lay people, Hereward Carrington,\nFrieda Ireland and Louise Mollot.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn Natural Hygiene, we know the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll disease is self-limited. If the disease is suppressed by whatever\nmeans, one either accomodates to it or dies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo drug is ever indicated for the treatment of any pain, discomfort or\nillness. Drugs kill!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Viviana V. Vetrano, Natural Hygiene Practitioner, writes, \u0026ldquo;Drugs may\nappear negligible risks at the moment but drugs build chronic and\nirreversible problems.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;The use of a drug is never \u0026lsquo;proper\u0026rsquo; to the\nbody.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Drugs only suppress the body\u0026rsquo;s efforts at healing itself and\nmaintaining its normal condition.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;Drugs must be eliminated from the\nbody since they can\u0026rsquo;t be metabolized, thus causing an expenditure of\nvitality. Drugs damage every part of the body with which they come in\ncontact.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Herbert Shelton, Natural Hygiene Practitioner, wrote, \u0026ldquo;Drugs annul\nbodily functions and impair its structures, suppressing the power to\nfeel, or its awareness of its diseased condition and that diverts the\norganic attention from the normal processes of life to the task of\nexpelling the chemical. Drugs must always and inevitably tend in the\ndirection of death.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNothing in the world has the power to restore health but the affected\norganism itself.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;There is no recovery where cause is not\nremoved.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;Drugs and surgical cures remove effects; cause is ignored.\nWith surgery, pathological products and affected organs are removed\ninstead of cause.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Neither possession nor restoration of health can flow from any\nextraneous chemical agency, but always and inflexibly comes from the\nmaintenance and restoration of the necessary conditions, and these are\nconnected with normal elements of living.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Recuperation and recovery are never the results of medicine or of the\ncause of disease, but are always the results of the operations of the\nprocesses of life and the conditions that maintain health. Drugs serve\nonly to occasion morbid changes in the functions and structures of the\nbody and this can never result in health. To produce disease is not to\nrestore health. To damage the structures and impair the functions of the\norganism does not restore structural integrity and functional\nefficiency.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;We should not alleviate or suppress the symptoms of disease. When a\nremedy is used, the body\u0026rsquo;s energy is redirected toward dealing with the\nnew problem, the remedy, and away from the original problem, the toxins\nthat prompted the body to institute the disease process. If our bodies\nhave accumulated toxins that must be gotten rid of, we often must suffer\nto some extent while the body purifies itself.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Disease does not produce any radical change in the living organism, so\nthat what it does not need and cannot use in a state of health, it does\nnot need and cannot use, in a state of illness. In sickness the powers\nof life are impaired, not radically altered.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;We should do nothing to a sick person that we would not do to a healthy\none. Treat the ailing individual with a gentleness to match his or her\nlack of vigor. The weaker the patient, the greater the need to do\nnothing.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;The true nature of disease - that it itself is a curing process - and,\nas such, cannot possibly be cured!\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;Disease is vital action in relation\nto things abnormalā€¦ Health is vital action in relation to things\nnormal.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHereward Carrington wrote, \u0026ldquo;For what are drugs supposed to do?\nObviously, to \u0026lsquo;cure\u0026rsquo; the disease: with that object they are\nadministered, and for that reason they are taken. But this whole theory\nis based upon the idea that a disease is a thing that can be attacked,\nor driven out, or suppressed or subdued, or in some way affected by the\ndrug; but the disease is in reality not an entity at all; that it is\nnot, in fact, what we must fight or combat, but that it is ITSELF the\nprocess of purification-of \u0026lsquo;getting well\u0026rsquo;.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;The medication is far worse than the original malady! This is, as a\nmatter of fact, actually the case. For, whereas the diseased condition\nis, in itself, a simple condition - an attempt at cure - the latter is a\ndeep-seated, positive and dangerous entity, a poison or substance\ncalling for active and positive hygienic treatment, in order to remove\nit and effect a cure.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Nature does not cure in that way. Her efforts at cure are not chemical\nchanges, but vital tendency. The method of cure adopted by Nature is one\nand constant - it is a vital process \\ as distinct from a chemical\none.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Drugs as commonly administered, tend to suppress symptoms rather than\nto remove the causes. If any set of symptoms arises, a drug is\nadministered, and the symptoms subside - and the drug is administered\nwith the precise and definite object in view of causing such cessation\nof symptoms. It is, in fact, commonly supposed to be the real \u0026lsquo;cure\u0026rsquo;.\nBut a real cure is based upon altogether different principles. It should\nbe remembered that symptoms are SUCH only, and are not the real\ndisease - the cause - which must itself be removed, if any true cure is\nto follow.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Suppression of symptoms, such as that afforded by drugs, is by no means\na true cure, since the cause is not removed; the symptoms are not the\ndisease, but the evidences of such, and should not be removed or\nsuppressed, so can only encourage the faith of the patient in spurious\n\u0026lsquo;cures\u0026rsquo; and divert his mind from all true methods of regaining his\nhealth.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLouise Mollot writes, \u0026ldquo;Drugs drain the Vital Life Force. Drugs actually\ndamage cells, especially nerves, so that their function is decreased.\nThe Vital Force can never be regained, yet the causes of the diseases\nhave never been removed, therefore remain to cause the symptoms to\ncontinue. By suppressing the symptoms, we counter the body\u0026rsquo;s efforts to\ndischarge the disease-producing toxins.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn Chet Day\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;Health and Beyond\u0026rdquo;, the March 1, 1995 issue, Dr. Ralph\nCinque, Natural Hygiene Practitioner, incorrectly writes that giving\ndrugs to patients is proper.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Cinque is the President of the International Association of\nProfessional Natural Hygienists. Dr. Cinque writes that \u0026ldquo;I do believe\nthat sometimes there may be a lesser evil in taking a drug than enduring\na problem. An example would be antibiotics.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;But there is such a thing\nas a fulminating infection that is spiraling out of control and\noverwhelming the individual. Medical intervention is justified in such\ncases.\u0026rdquo; ā€¦\u0026ldquo;An abscess needs to be opened and drained. A skin cancer\nshould be excised. A person with pernicious anemia may need to be\ninjected with vitamin B12. Serious cases of asthma may require emergency\nmedical treatment. There are instances when people genuinely need\nantibiotics.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;The body may have a tumorous obstruction that it cannot\nresolve itself and surgery is indicated. The body may have an\nirreversible deficiency of a natural secretion, such as insulin in\njuvenile diabetes, and therefore hormone replacement is indicated.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Ronald Cridland, M.D., Natural Hygiene Practitioner, has written a\nnew introduction to Dr. Shelton\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;Natural Hygiene: The Pristine Way of\nLife\u0026rdquo;. In it, he addresses some of the exceptions in which medical\nintervention may be warranted. Dr. Cridland writes that \u0026ldquo;Sometimes\nmedication is useful when the stress and enervation of the symptom would\nbe more harmful to the patient than the potential stress from side\neffects of the medication.\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;Contagion can exist among susceptible\nindividuals if they are exposed to large enough quantities of\nmicroorganisms.\u0026rdquo; He writes that when the body is \u0026ldquo;unable to overcome\ncancer\u0026rdquo;, then we should treat the cancer with surgery, radiation and\nchemotherapy \u0026ldquo;to buy the body a bit of time to heal.\u0026rdquo; He writes that\npeople who have been injured should not fast because healing is slower\nduring a fast. He writes of his consulting with \u0026ldquo;a 57 year old carpenter\nwith a 15 month history of evening fevers and sweats\u0026rdquo; and that \u0026ldquo;there\nwas no evidence that delaying the antibiotic treatment had any\ndetrimental effects.\u0026rdquo; This carpenter was referred by him to a\ncardiologist who treated the carpenter with a four week course of\nantibiotics. He writes that \u0026ldquo;there are times when the stresses of the\nsymptoms are worse, perhaps, than the stresses of the side effects of\nthe treatment. There are situations, medically and surgically, where\nintervention will be in the patient\u0026rsquo;s best interest, perhaps to reduce\nsymptoms that are interfering with the healing process. For example,\nsomebody breaks a leg, and they can\u0026rsquo;t sleep because of the pain, and\nthey can\u0026rsquo;t relax because of the pain. If they are finding the pain so\nstressful that it is interfering with their ability to heal, a\npainkiller-for a short period of time, with no delusion that it is\nhealing them-would enable them to relax and sleep so that they could\nheal better.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Alan Goldhammer, Natural Hygiene Practitioner, writes that \u0026ldquo;there\nare situations that arise that make the use of drugs a consideration.\nThyroid and insulin replacement therapy are well known examples\u0026rdquo;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;there\nare situations where antibiotic therapy may be advisable.\u0026rdquo; He writes\nthat if people are to get off their medication, M.D.s \u0026ldquo;are in a good\nposition to evaluate the appropriateness of various medical treatments.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Alan M. Immerman, Natural Hygiene Practitioner, writes that drugs\ncure \u0026ldquo;pneumonia and other infections.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;Infections are sometimes so\nsevere that antibiotics are needed.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;There are cases when drugs are\nuseful.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;take drugs when the intensity of the cleansing process is too\ngreat. For instance, a child with severe diarrhea lasting for more than\ntwo days can become dehydrated and die without drugs. An elderly patient\nwith a severe cough from pneumonia could also die without drugs.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Ralph Cinque considers Dr. Alec Burton, the greatest living Natural\nHygiene Practitioner. Dr. Burton writes that if a person has remedial\nsurgery, that person is forced to take a course of antibiotics\nafterwards. Dr. Burton writes that \u0026ldquo;any means that are available that\nare not going to be too threatening or invasive are probably legitimate\nto relieve the pain.\u0026rdquo; Dr. Burton writes that in order to relieve the\npatient\u0026rsquo;s pain, you can use manipulation, hot and cold packs or gentle\nstroking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Joel Fuhrman, M.D., Natural Hygiene Practitioner, prescribes Valium\nand other drugs for his patients. He writes that when he fasts patients\nwho have been taking drugs, he continues the patients on drugs. He\nprogressively lowers the amount of drugs they take, as the patient\ncontinues to fast.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Doug Evans, Natural Hygiene Practitioner writes that \u0026ldquo;Antiarrhythmic\ndrugs such as Quinidine are usually effective\u0026rdquo; in tachycardia [rapid\nheart action]. He writes that oxygen is effective in saving a patient\u0026rsquo;s\nlife who has a history of severe tachycardia and who has tachycardia\nduring a fast.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJames Michael Lennon, Executive Director of the American Natural Hygiene\nSociety, writes that Natural Hygiene Doctors use non-hygienic therapy\n\u0026ldquo;to give temporary relief from pain or other suffering.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe International Association of Professional Natural Hygienists has\nindicated in their \u0026ldquo;Standards of Practice\u0026rdquo; that \u0026ldquo;medication in some\nconditions, and other techniques of emergency medicine may be\nnecessary.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJoy Gross, Natural Hygiene writer, director of the famous fasting\ninstitution, Pawling Health Manor in N.Y., and ex-wife of the late Dr.\nRobert Gross, had an accident and writes that she had to take medication\nto get emergency relief. Her emergency relief was intravenous feeding,\nblood transfusion, catheter and drugs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNobody lives and thinks correctly. Everyone becomes ill in some form or\nother, during their lives. The fatal crime that those who die\nprematurely commit, is to do the wrong thing when they become ill.\nNatural Hygiene Practitioners do the wrong things for themselves, their\nfamilies and loved ones and/or for their patients, when they become ill.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe late Dr. Herbert Shelton, Natural Hygiene Practitioner, neglected to\ntake care of himself healthfully, by his lifestyle, by constantly\nwriting and sleeping very little. He enervated himself severely thereby\nand developed and suffered with and grew progressively worse with\nParkinson\u0026rsquo;s Disease for many, many years. He did not know how to help\nhis Parkinson\u0026rsquo;s Disease. He had no relief of his Parkinsonian symptoms\nor pathology until he died of such.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe late Dr. Christopher Gian-Cursio, Natural Hygiene Practitioner,\ncorrected his cardiac valvular defects after some long fasts, when he\nwas younger. He was harassed for many years by law enforcement\nauthorities for his Natural Hygienic practices helping patients\nthroughout the U.S.. The prosecutors charged him with the illegal\npractice of medicine. His lifestyle and constant air travel to fly to\nhis lectures and patients to pay for his exorbitant legal fees, severely\nenervated him. He became ill and neglected to take care of his health\nproblems. He died at age 75, of congestive heart failure with\nconcomitant multiple varicose ulcers on both legs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe late Dr. Robert Gross, Natural Hygiene Practitioner, died after\nreceiving chemotherapy and radiation for his pancreatic cancer and brain\ncancer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe late Dr. John J. Mega, Natural Hygiene Practitioner, died after\nreceiving surgery and chemotherapy for his stomach cancer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe late Dr. Marvin Telmar, Natural Hygiene Practitioner, died after not\nknowing how to help his bronchial pneumonia and meningitis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe late Hannah Allen, who wrote some great natural hygienic literature,\ncontended that \u0026ldquo;it is indisputable that sometimes they [drugs] are\nnecessary and the \u0026rsquo;lesser evil.\u0026rsquo;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;sometimes even antibiotics can be the\n\u0026rsquo;lesser evil\u0026rsquo;.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrieda Ireland writes that Hannah Allen developed cancer and spent a\nwhole summer at Dr. Scott\u0026rsquo;s fasting institution with no help for her\ncancer. Allen arrived home in September. Allen opted for chemotherapy to\n\u0026ldquo;buy the body a bit of time to heal.\u0026rdquo; The chemotherapy damaged Allen\u0026rsquo;s\nbrain so much that her \u0026ldquo;bit of time to heal\u0026rdquo; was spent in a 24-hour care\nnursing facility for the last 6 or 7 months before she died.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eR.J. Cheatham, director of the famous fasting institution, Shangri La in\nFlorida, died after taking chemotherapy for his cancer of the colon.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNathan Pritikin, director of the Pritikin Institute, a natural health\nrehabilitation center, died after committing suicide. He was despondent\nbecause he did not know how to help his Chronic Leukemia. He had been\ntaking chemotherapy for his Leukemia, for many years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBernarr McFadden, founder of the physical culture movement, died in a\nhospital, after undergoing treatment with drugs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf Natural Hygiene Practitioners advise their unknowledgeable patients\nincorrectly, this could be dangerous.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe danger is that some patients who consult with Natural Hygiene\nPractitioners will unfortunately consent to have destructive drugs,\nsurgery, etc. inflicted upon them, when they are in desperate\ncircumstances.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene always works! If a patient who is under Natural Hygiene\ncare does not respond satisfactorily to Natural Hygiene, then the\nNatural Hygiene Practitioner and/or the patient should learn more about\nNatural Hygiene and not irrationally use non-Natural Hygienic\nprocedures.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI have practiced Natural Hygiene for over 40 years. I have cared for\ntens of thousands of patients with Natural Hygiene and fasting. These\npatients had all kinds of so called \u0026ldquo;incurable\u0026rdquo; conditions and all of\nthese patients responded satisfactorily to Natural Hygiene exclusively.\nI never had to suggest to any of these patients, that they should take\ndrugs, surgery or any other non- Natural Hygienic treatments.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI am no more intelligent nor better than anyone else in the Natural\nHygiene movement. The reason I always succeeded in helping patients with\nNatural Hygiene, was that I knew and still know, that Natural Hygiene\nalways works, and therefore employed Natural Hygiene exclusively!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf any Natural Hygiene Practitioners choose to challenge me or want my\naid to help them with their patients, using Natural Hygiene exclusively,\nthen these Natural Hygiene Practitioners can contact me. I will explain,\nshow and demonstrate to them that Natural Hygiene will always work in\nhelping their patients.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost Natural Hygiene Practitioners and most of those in the Natural\nHygiene movement wrongly believe that all there is to Natural Hygiene is\na vegetarian diet and fasting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf someone, who was a stranger to Natural Hygiene, was to visit a\nNatural Hygiene convention, seminar or meeting, that stranger would get\ndisenchanted with Natural Hygiene and its advocates. That stranger would\nview, meet and interact with some of the unhealthiest looking people in\nthe world. If a stranger were to view, meet and interact with the\npersonal families of Natural Hygiene Practitioners, that stranger would\nsee very unhealthy people. That stranger would rightfully think and\nrightfully conclude that, if Natural Hygiene works, why do these Natural\nHygienists appear to be so unhealthy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese unhealthy looking Natural Hygienists appear to be so unhealthy\nbecause they do not understand Natural Hygiene. They, therefore, live\nunhealthfully which causes their unhealthful appearance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene consists of correct thinking and correct living. Natural\nHygienists should sleep all they can, meditate, maintain emotional\npoise, love, forgive and tolerate all other living beings, harm no other\nliving beings, be aware, sunbathe, airbathe, exercise vigorously and\nregularly, avoid incorrect overindulgence in sex, be free of toxins, eat\nnatural, unprocessed foods, raw or cooked as little as possible, to\nminimize digestive stress and conserve digestive energy, fast whenever\nill and drink distilled water and to also correct all physical, mental\nand spiritual dysfunctions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Cinque, in \u0026ldquo;Health and Beyond\u0026rdquo;, incorrectly writes that Dr. Alec\nBurton\u0026rsquo;s use of sunscreen when Dr. Burton is exposed to the Australia\nsunshine, is the right procedure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf Drs. Burton and Cinque choose to expose their nude skins to the\nsunshine, all they need do is pay attention to their bodies. Our bodies\nare always talking to us and we must learn to listen. If the sunshine is\ngoing to be harmful to us, our bodies will feel uncomfortable in the\nsunshine. This will force us to withdraw our bodies from the sunshine\nbefore the sunshine can injure us.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnything that blocks sunshine from penetrating the skin will reduce the\namount of vitamin D that the body makes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSunscreen may actually increase the risk of cancer, so proposed\nCalifornia researchers in a paper published in January, 1993, in the\nAnnals of Epidemiology. The researchers contended that UVB- blocking\nsunscreens had contributed to increasing skin-cancer rates, by disabling\nthe body\u0026rsquo;s natural alarm mechanism: sunburn. The researchers also\nposited that because UVB rays are the main source of vitamin D, and\nbecause vitamin D may inhibit the progression of melanoma, and because\nsunscreens block UVB rays- sunscreens may promote vitamin D deficiencies\nand cause melanomas. [UVB is the shorter wavelength of ultraviolet\nlight that damages the skin. UVA is the longer of the two types of\nultraviolet light that reaches the earth. UVA is responsible for\ntanning.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Ralph Cinque, in \u0026ldquo;Health and Beyond\u0026rdquo; incorrectly writes that keeping\nhis eyes closed while fasting would be torture to him. Dr. Cinque\nfavors, during fasting, diversionary activities, such as reading,\nconversing and listening to music.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. D.J. Scott, Natural Hygiene Practitioner, writes that he lets his\npatients, while they are fasting, read books and listen to music or the\nradio. This is incorrect procedure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Robert Sniadach, Natural Hygiene Practitioner, in \u0026ldquo;Health and\nBeyond\u0026rdquo;, incorrectly writes that when people fast, they can take \u0026ldquo;very\nmild, short walks and/or movements, just to keep lymphatic fluid moving,\nto keep the vascular system working into areas where blood or lymphatic\nfluid may be pooling and somewhat stagnant.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;I think there\u0026rsquo;s definitely\nroom for mild activity.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are sick, to get well, close your eyes and keep them closed, 24\nhours a day, 7 days a week, i.e. every moment you can!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClosing the eyes rests the brain and mind. An electric rhythm starts as\nsoon as the eyes are closed and ceases immediately when they are opened.\nThis rhythm serves to clear \u0026ldquo;negative charges\u0026rdquo; from the brain. Activity\nof the eyes prevents recuperation from occurring.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen your eyes are closed and you are at complete rest, bodily energies\nrejuvenate, cells replenish, tissues repair and organs refresh\nthemselves and are made ready for renewed activity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you are sick, you are greatly devitalized and enervated from\noveractivity, excesses, stimulation and emotional excitement. Close your\neyes and keep them closed, to completely rest every part of your body.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnimals and babies instinctively know they must close their eyes to feel\nbetter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe most common, difficult to manage diseases, are often related to a\nsleep deficiency. If you are sick or tired, you have a sleep deficiency.\nHealing takes place when you are asleep or your eyes are closed. If you\nare sick, you have a deficiency of healing, therefore, a deficiency of\nsleep.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe body makes the healing of a bone a priority, as opposed to doing\nother things that are not quite as important. With additional sleep,\nand/or closing your eyes, the healing process will be better and faster.\nIf you are unwell because of an injury, the more sleep and/or closing\nyour eyes, the quicker you will heal. It does not matter what your\nhealth problem is or what causes it, whether it is because of lifestyle\nabuse or external trauma. You need more sleep and/or closing your eyes.\nThat is the most important thing you can do to make you well.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVital energy is produced by the blessed elixir of sleep and/or closing\nyour eyes. Sleep and/or closing your eyes are nature\u0026rsquo;s great restorative\nhealing processes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVital energy is used up by all the activities of life. Vital energy is\nused up by physical activity, by talking, by digestion, by emotions, by\nthinking, by seeing, by hearing, by smelling and by sex.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter activity, the brain grows weary and the physical demand for sleep\nand/or closing the eyes is great. Nerve cell fatigue or exhaustion is\ndeep seated and much time is required to recover. It is the lowering of\nvital energy in the nerve cells which leads to physical and mental\ntrouble. Carried to an extreme, it leads to a \u0026ldquo;nervous breakdown\u0026rdquo;. Close\nyour eyes to replenish your nerve cells and your nerves will get better\nand feel better.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe actual storing up of the energy reserves or the energy sources of\nthe body takes place during rest. Activity expends and rest restores the\nbodily resources. The more the body is stimulated, the sooner it\ncompletely collapses. The weaker the body, the less it is able to\nwithstand the action of stimulants. The weaker the body, the greater the\nnecessity of \u0026ldquo;doing nothing\u0026rdquo; intelligently, just closing your eyes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you close your eyes and pain, discomfort or depression prevents you\nfrom sleeping, keep your eyes closed, until the pain, discomfort or\ndepression leaves. Concentrate, meditate, feel, think on the pain,\ndiscomfort or depression as intensely as you can. As long as you\ncontinue to do this, you will awaken just as refreshed as if you slept\nfor that same period of time as when your eyes were closed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour brain and body are always talking to you and you must learn to\nlisten and do what they tell you to do. To better listen to your brain\nand body, you can concentrate best, if you keep your eyes closed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo heal yourself of disease, you should rest your brain and body, by\nkeeping your eyes closed. Every activity of your eyes depletes your\nvitality and inhibits restoration of your health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn every moment of your 24 hours, keep your eyes closed, just like dogs,\ncats and other pets do, and open your eyes only to satisfy your needs,\nwhether your needs be biological, physical, social, economic or\nspiritual.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you are sick, lie down, keep your body inactive, keep your eyes\nclosed and concentrate, meditate, think on, keep your mind on your pain\nand discomfort, until your pain and distress completely disappear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll fasting doctors and practitioners who personally fast their own\nbodies, who supervise patients who fast and all people who fast\nthemselves, all make the same mistake. They do not keep their eyes\nclosed every moment of the 24 hours, every day that they fast.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany of our fasting doctors and practitioners and authorities have died\nprematurely because they did not know how to properly fast. They fasted\nand expended vital nerve energy unnecessarily by keeping their eyes open\nand were unnecessarily active during their respective fasts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany of these fasting doctors and practitioners wrote and lectured\neloquently about fasting, but they never really understood why, when and\nhow to apply fasting. George Bernard Shaw wrote: \u0026ldquo;Those who can, do.\nThose who can\u0026rsquo;t, teach.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe purpose of a fast is to completely rest the body, not to just\neliminate toxins nor to just rest the digestive tract. The purpose of\nfasting is to conserve vital energy and to replenish vital energy. Every\nmoment you fast and that you simultaneously open your eyes, you are\npreventing yourself from getting healed as rapidly and as well as\npossible. You are wasting vital energy when you open your eyes. Every\nbit of vital energy is needed by sick persons to recover their health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring a fast, you must have total rest. You can only accomplish total\nrest by keeping your eyes closed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Herbert Shelton wrote that the person who fasts should\n\u0026ldquo;rest-mentally, sensorially and physically, while he is resting\nphysiologically.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Nature prostrates the patient.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;She preserves energy by limiting its\ndissipation. The energy thus saved is available for use in the\ntemporarily more important work of healing. If we are wise we will take\nour cue from nature and conserve our energies, while fasting, by curbing\ntheir expenditures. I favor the plan of putting the patient to bed. I am\nsure that better and quicker results are thus obtained. Nature puts her\nhibernating animal to bed and sleep.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Observations made during the fasts of Succi and others show that the\nbody wastes less rapidly when the patient is kept warm and at rest. Rest\nconserves the body\u0026rsquo;s energies and substances and hastens the healing. I\nagree with Purinton, who says in his \u0026ldquo;Philosophy of Fasting\u0026rsquo;, \u0026lsquo;Not an\nounce of energy shall be dissipated during the extreme fast. This means\nloafing, resting, lazying along and not caring.\u0026rsquo; The best place for the\nfaster is in bed. Talking, laughing, listening to the radio and viewing\nand listening to television prevent genuine rest.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;A newspaper or a\nnovel may be disturbing, exciting or depressing.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;It is quite obvious that, given the same amount of nutritive reserve,\nthe active individual will consume his internal food stores sooner than\nthe resting individual. For this reason, if no other, the fasting\npatient who rests while fasting will emerge from the fast in better\ncondition than the faster who is active during this period. At the same\ntime, if a prolonged fast is essential, rest will enable the patient to\nconserve his reserves to the utmost and thus lengthen the period over\nwhich he can safely fast.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;The less physically active organism expends\nless of its reserves, not alone due to reduced physical work, but also,\ndue to decreased physiological activity.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;The more rest the sick organism receives, the more rapidly is good\nhealth restored. Rest (physical, mental and physiological) is equally\nimportant and beneficial during a fast.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Even reading, writing, talking, listening to the radio and similar\nforms of activity should be avoided as much as possible.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;A period of rest enables an overworked body to perform work that\nactivity prevents it from doing.\u0026quot;ā€¦\u0026ldquo;Talking, gum chewing, reading and\nwriting constitute drains upon the enervated and fasting organisms and\nshould be avoided. Minimum amounts of talking, reading and writing\nshould be indulged.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. T.L. Nichols, Natural Hygiene Practitioner, wrote, \u0026ldquo;for every\ndisease of every organ of the body, the first condition is rest- rest\nfor stomach, rest for brain.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr. Edward Hooker Dewey, Natural Hygiene Practitioner, wrote of fasting\nas the \u0026ldquo;rest cure\u0026rdquo;, and emphasized the urgent necessity of rest in all\nacute and chronic diseases.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLie down and close your eyes, every time you can. It is the most\nimportant thing you can do to get well and stay well!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSick or well, if you use Natural Hygiene exclusively, you will always\nimprove your health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNatural Hygiene always works!\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "An Ode to Spiritual Gurus", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/an-ode-to-spiritual-gurus/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/angelkate/an-ode-to-spiritual-gurus/", "authors": [ { "name": "Angelkate" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eEckhart Tolle reminds me of a cartoon character mole\u003cbr\u003e\nI don\u0026rsquo;t think he\u0026rsquo;d mind at all, he\u0026rsquo;d probably just say, LOL\u003cbr\u003e\nHe sits in contemplative silence for quite a lengthy fraction\u003cbr\u003e\nUntil he starts to stir and then we might just see some action\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe talks about how to be aware and in the present\u003cbr\u003e\nIf you can manage this it is extremely pleasant\u003cbr\u003e\nBut when thoughts come, if you get really pissed\u003cbr\u003e\nThe essence of his teachings you likely have missed\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen there\u0026rsquo;s Byron Katie whose whole name is confusing\u003cbr\u003e\nIs it back to front, I mean, which first name is she using?\u003cbr\u003e\nShe asks you those four questions to discover what is true\u003cbr\u003e\nThis reveals your ridiculous thoughts and makes a fool of you\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the audience I waited to see which person she\u0026rsquo;d select\u003cbr\u003e\nTo go on stage and talk about the crap that they project\u003cbr\u003e\nUnconsciously onto other people, so let\u0026rsquo;s turn this around\u003cbr\u003e\nI\u0026rsquo;m really rather ignorant it seems that I have found!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWayne Dyer is the one who has the shiny head\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd likes to talk about saints and people who are dead\u003cbr\u003e\nI bought his DVD but then he changed its name\u003cbr\u003e\nCan I have a refund or would he please keep it the same?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThen there\u0026rsquo;s Deepak Chopra with words he likes to dance\u003cbr\u003e\nBut I just listen to his accent and go into a trance\u003cbr\u003e\nEver since I heard him read the \u0026ldquo;Love poems of Rumi\u0026rdquo;\u003cbr\u003e\nThe result being my not hearing a word he says ā€¦ so sue me!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe\u0026rsquo;s friends with Wayne Dyer, apparently they hang out\u003cbr\u003e\nI wonder what they do and what they talk about\u003cbr\u003e\nIs there some kind of club where spiritual gurus play\u003cbr\u003e\nA few rounds of snooker and then levitate all day?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaybe they play snap with every single Dali Lama\u0026rsquo;s pic\u003cbr\u003e\nHaving printed each one twice to make a deck with it\u003cbr\u003e\nAs a particularly advanced version of the game\u003cbr\u003e\n(Because if I\u0026rsquo;m honest they all look the same)\u003cbr\u003e\nOr maybe they just sit around and talk about their fame\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI recently went through a phase of Abraham Hicks\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd became addicted to Youtube as I got my daily fix\u003cbr\u003e\nAlthough calling Esther by a man s name comes off a little shady\u003cbr\u003e\nWhy call infinite intelligence Abraham when it\u0026rsquo;s channelled through a\nlady?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd why does infinite intelligence have the surname of these people?\u003cbr\u003e\nDid they adopt it and have it baptised at the steeple?\u003cbr\u003e\nTo take this in my stride I\u0026rsquo;m clearly very open-minded\u003cbr\u003e\nOr maybe I\u0026rsquo;m just demented and seriously blinded\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey say focus on getting into your core vibration\u003cbr\u003e\nBy thinking and doing what makes you feel elation\u003cbr\u003e\nEven if it means having lots and lots of sex\u003cbr\u003e\nWhatever it takes to get in that damn vortex!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo every person\u0026rsquo;s question their answer is the same\u003cbr\u003e\nYou would think that this would get just a little lame\u003cbr\u003e\nYet I kept on listening to their cruise ships events\u003cbr\u003e\nWhilst dreaming about the ocean and how it all makes sense\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI also like that gentleman whose name is Darryl Anka\u003cbr\u003e\n(I won\u0026rsquo;t abuse fact that his surname rhymes with \u003cstrong\u003e****\u003c/strong\u003e)\u003cbr\u003e\nHe channels a multi-dimensional extra-terrestrial being called Bashar\u003cbr\u003e\nWho talks about aliens and things that are bizarre\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBashar is very jolly whilst Daryl is quite mellow\u003cbr\u003e\nSo when the switch over occurs from Daryl to this fellow\u003cbr\u003e\nI wonder if Daryl s acting because he\u0026rsquo;s speaking all dramatic\u003cbr\u003e\nI want to believe it\u0026rsquo;s real but must also be pragmatic\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI\u0026rsquo;m sure that him and Mr Warbucks from Annie are the same bloke\u003cbr\u003e\nIs this some kind of synchronistic universal joke?\u003cbr\u003e\nIs it just me who sees this or do any other folk?\u003cbr\u003e\nWatching too much Youtube makes me feel like I\u0026rsquo;m on coke\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWho in their right mind would turn to these teachers?\u003cbr\u003e\nAre they really wise or just a load of preachers?\u003cbr\u003e\nSometimes it makes me saner, but often much more crazy\u003cbr\u003e\nI should start thinking for myself, but I am just too lazy ;)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJust in case there\u0026rsquo;s a mistake I feel I must conclude\u003cbr\u003e\nThe essence of my feelings so that I do not elude\u003cbr\u003e\nTowards these human beings I feel much affection\u003cbr\u003e\nTheir teachings assist me in honest self-reflection\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Analysis of Vivisection Argument", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/analysis-of-vivisection-argument/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/kg/analysis-of-vivisection-argument/", "authors": [ { "name": "KG" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eVivisection is the practice of torturing and killing innocent lives,\nallegedly in the name of altruism and compassion. This is why it has\nbeen criticized as far back as Shakespeare, formed the inspiration for\nFrankenstein, and why the likes of Mark Twain, Leo Tolstoy, and Gandhi\nwere opposed to it strictly on moral grounds.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntuitively we know that if you seek to help someone, torturing innocent\nbystanders is morally perverse, like saving a village by destroying it.\nWe don\u0026rsquo;t help a homeless person by massacring a family and call it\nkindness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVivisection is defended according to the belief that human animals have\nsuperior moral worth to the nonhuman animals being tortured and killed\nin ways we would generally consider extreme punishment if carried out on\nthe most despised criminals in history.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis can be called a belief in human supremacy or human exceptionalism\n(in an effort to disguise the \u0026ldquo;bigot\u0026rdquo; connotations of a superiority\ncomplex).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHuman supremacy is assumed to be an absolute objective truth - without\nproving it to be so. In fact, in reality, human supremacy beliefs are\nbiased personal opinion just like beliefs in racial, gender, or\nreligious supremacy. Any trait, criteria, or attribute cited to confirm\nthis alleged superiority, whether mind, intelligence, soul, creativity,\ndivine or biological specialness, survival of the fittest, tenacious\nmoral instinct, moral reciprocity, an unspecified faculty X, or a bundle\nof them, are as much subjective personal opinion as the importance given\nto skin colour or gender. Not only can one question that all humans\npossess the attributes or that all nonhumans lack them, but Nature does\nnot confirm this alleged superiority through natural phenomenon like\nweather, gravity, earthquakes etc and the constant routine natural\nexploitation of humans by other humans - which does include\nexperimentation on humans without their consent.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNature cannot be shown to validate this allegedly \u0026ldquo;objective and\nabsolute\u0026rdquo; superior moral status of humans. And invisible supreme deities\nare conveniently vague and mute on the subject as so-called indisputable\nreligious texts are constantly disputed- to the point of human\nbloodshed. If you claim humans can justify the systemic exploitation of\nnonhumans based on biased personal opinion then another human can\njustify the systemic exploitation of humans using biased personal\nopinion since you cannot prove these opinions to be absolute, fair\nobjective truth. In short, if you want human righton, you must accept\nnonhuman righton to close this ethical loophole.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is common sense that only humans can be shown to use moral codes and\nlaws in an effort to control their behavior thus they are the only ones\nobligated to follow them, nonhumans benefit without needing to\nreciprocate out of fairness and consistency, since punishing them for\nbeing unable to follow human laws when you know they cannot would be\nlike punishing a blind man for not reading warning signs or an armless\nman for not grabbing a drowning swimmer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoral perfection is impossible; you only do the best you can in any\ngiven situation. The failure to stop homicide or child abuse does not\njustify concentration camps, thus the failure to stop the accidental\ndeath of microbes or plants does not justify the construction and\nmaintenance of vivisection labs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThose that claim nonhuman experiments are necessary can be asked which\ndrug or treatment would they consider safer - one only tested on rats or\nmonkeys, or one only tested on humans? Their answer will reveal the\ntruth on the importance of nonhuman animals in human medicine.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCommon sense tells us that if you seek to find medical treatments for\nelephants, you do not focus on giraffes. We overlook this in human\nmedical research because we consider nonhumans inferior in value (based\non biased personal opinions).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNonhuman animal research is big business for vivisectors (how many do\nyou know that live in poverty?), breeders, and cage manufacturers, and\nthe former have a vested interest in conjuring up new experiments on\n\u0026ldquo;disposable\u0026rdquo; life forms to keep their paychecks, while telling the\npublic that the research is important and a \u0026ldquo;breakthrough\u0026rdquo;. A week does\nnot go by without another report of a \u0026ldquo;scientific miracle\u0026rdquo; thanks to\nnonhuman animal experiments; although with the caution that human trials\nare years away.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn ancient times, temple priests and witch doctors would cut open live\nanimals to read their entrails to encourage the hope and health of\nsociety (a good harvest, easy childbirth). Those that opposed it\nendangered society by angering the gods and betraying their community.\nToday, some researchers will claim that if nonhuman animal research\nstopped, the world would descend into a hell of disease and misery\n(without explaining why society and culture endured even during the\nbubonic plague). By such logic, humans should have died out thousands of\nyears ago. Animal researchers promote the view that life works according\nto a quasi-Darwinian \u0026ldquo;Great Chain of Being\u0026rdquo; hierarchy where animals\nfollow a ladder of complexity- ending with humanity, and that you can\ntake \u0026ldquo;lower animals\u0026rdquo; apart and reassemble them as easily as a jigsaw\npuzzle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf nonhuman animal research is necessary for producing safe drugs and\ntreatments why then do we need clinical trials on humans? Why does\nPfizer have to conduct medical trials in Africa? Why do drugs like\nThalidomide get pulled after being shown to be safe in nonhuman animals?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuch discussions never go far without a vivisector using the desperate\nemergency situation - burning barn, house, boat - where you have to\nchoose to save either a human or a nonhuman.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIgnoring the fact that scientists cannot find cures for illnesses by\nsimply torturing one or a few or thousands of rats to death no matter\nhow much they want people to believe they can perform miracles, the\nanswer to this should be no less controversial than if the choice was\nbetween two humans. One familiar, one not.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you chose the familiar human, does it mean you want the loser to be\ntortured in a lab? If you refuse to choose, does that mean you do not\nlove the familiar as much as the stranger? This question is not raised\nbecause it reveals the bias and double standard in the myth of human\nsupremacy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCommon sense tells us that the best and safest research model for human\ndisease is another human. If finding a cure for disease is so important,\nwhy aren\u0026rsquo;t scientists and patients advocating the use of criminals or\nvolunteers in medical experiments? Humans are the best and safest model\nfor research, and we send healthy people off to be maimed and killed in\nwars for natural resources, religion, and political ideology, and yet\nthe war against cancer is only considered of dire importance when it\ncomes to the discussion of abolishing nonhuman animals in research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis exposes how the human supremacy myth is the driving force in\ndefenses of vivisection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother vivisector argument is to condemn a critic of vivisection for\nhaving had any medical treatment that can be linked to vivisection. The\nmoral perfection demand.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey conveniently ignore the work of Dr James Sims, Dr Joself Mengele,\nDr Jonas Salk or the Pfizer researchers among others.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Ancient Vegans Appolonius", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jon-fergus/ancient-vegans-appolonius/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jon-fergus/ancient-vegans-appolonius/", "authors": [ { "name": "Jon Fergus" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eIn Philostratus\u0026rsquo; \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/aot/laot/index.htm\"\u003eLife of\nApollonius\u003c/a\u003e, we have\nperhaps the clearest historical account of an ancient vegan in the\ncharacter of Apollonius of Tyana. This article will explore Apollonius\u0026rsquo;s\nviews on veganism and animal righton, their relation to the\nphilosophical life of the ancients and will chronicle some of the\nexperiences Apollonius faced in regards to his veganism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"part-1\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePart 1 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#part-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApollonius, it was said, had decided early in life to undertake what he\nreferred to as the \u0026ldquo;life of Pythagoras\u0026rdquo;, a life devoted to philosophy -\nchiefly to the attainment and \u003cem\u003epractice\u003c/em\u003e of true wisdom. His decision to\nundertake this lifestyle is set out in a discussion with Euxenus, one of\nhis childhood teachers. It is related that Apollonius:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ was like the young eagles who, as long as they are not fully\nfledged, fly alongside of their parents and are trained by them in\nflight, but who, as soon as they are able to rise in the air, outsoar\nthe parent birds ā€¦ like them Apollonius attended Euxenus as long as he\nwas a child and was guided by him in the path of argument, but when he\nreached his sixteenth year he indulged his impulse towards the life of\nPythagoras ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addressing his teacher on his intention to pursue a greater path,\nApollonius says:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Now you live there your own life, but I will live that of\nPythagoras.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUpon which Euxenus,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003erealized that he [Apollonius] was attached to a lofty ideal, and\nasked him at what point he would begin it. Apollonius answered: \u0026ldquo;At\nthe point at which physicians begin, for they, by purging the bowels\nof their patients prevent some from being ill at all, and heal\nothers.\u0026rdquo; And having said this he declined to live upon a flesh diet,\non the ground that it was unclean, and also that it made the mind\ngross; so he partook only of dried fruits and vegetables, for he said\nthat all the fruits of the earth are clean.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo Apollonius, explaining how he would set about beginning the \u0026ldquo;life of\nPythagoras\u0026rdquo;, the path towards true wisdom, points firstly and directly\nto \u003cem\u003ediet\u003c/em\u003e. He would begin, he clearly says, by becoming vegan! Not only\nwould Apollonius cease all consumption of animal products, he also:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ took to walking without shoes by way of adornment and clad himself\nin linen raiment, declining to wear any animal product; and he let his\nhair grow long and lived in the Temple.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClearly, in Apollonius\u0026rsquo; estimation, the lifestyle he associated with the\ngreat philosopher Pythagoras not only included no animal consumption, it\nalso included abstinence from wearing animal products as well. Not only\ndid Apollonius vow to become a dietary vegan for his own benefit; he\nextended his concern also to the animal\u0026rsquo;s benefit.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd they say that he declined to wear apparel made from dead animal\nproducts and, to guard his purity, abstained from all flesh diet, and\nfrom the offering of animals in sacrifice. For that he would not stain\nthe altars with blood ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA true ancient Vegan!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe story of Apollonius continues, as he progresses in his life as a\nphilosopher - a word that had much deeper meaning in his day than in\nours, being much closer to the original meaning of \u0026ldquo;a lover of wisdom\u0026rdquo;\nthan to our modern meaning which equates to nothing more than sophistry,\ndevoid from the \u003cem\u003eliving wisdom\u003c/em\u003e of a Pythagoras or an Apollonius, who\nsought to live also the highest ethics they could conceive.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs the story moves forward Apollonius embarks on his famous journey to\nIndia, accompanied by his faithful companion Damis. His journey is an\nexample in single-minded focus, of dedication and profound interest in\ntruth - his sole intention being to find the wise-men rumored to live in\nthe east, and to learn from them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs he entered the kingdoms of western India, Apollonius was blessed to\nencounter a most wonderful King. Upon meeting the King, Apollonius\nengaged in discussion with him, asking him several questions. Among\nthese, the philosopher could not resist, it seems, to ask about that\nwhich was so close to his heart and so fundamental to his own lifestyle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApollonius also asked him [the King] about his diet, and he replied:\n\u0026ldquo;I drink just as much wine as I pour out in libation to the Sun; and\nwhatever I take in the chase I give to others to eat, for I am\nsatisfied with the exercise I get. But my own meal consists of\nvegetables and of the pith and fruit of date palms, and of all that a\nwell-watered garden yields in the way of fruit. And a great deal of\nfruit is yielded to me by the trees which I cultivate with these\nhands.\u0026rdquo; When Apollonius heard this, he was more than gratified, and\nkept glancing at Damis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA vegan of today can, I\u0026rsquo;m sure, smile at the thought of Apollonius\nglancing at his companion Damis, imagining the great philosopher to be\nsilently saying; \u0026ldquo;you see my good friend, you see, I\u0026rsquo;m not the only\none!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is clear from the above that the King had not taken upon himself the\nsame degree of veganism as our dear Apollonius, however. The above\ndemonstrates that the King had not yet taken upon himself the wisdom\nApollonius had in regards to the animal\u0026rsquo;s righton. In the chase (i.e.\nthe hunt), the King would still kill animals, though he would refrain\nfrom consuming the animal products. He shows himself to be both ahead of\nhis time and yet still a man of them, having taken, unlike Apollonius,\nbut one step in the direction of true veganism.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, while the King lacked, it would seem, the full open-heart of\nApollonius, his lifestyle did include elements our modern Vegan health\ngurus would surely admire. Completing their discussion, the King\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ led him [Apollonius] and his companions to where he was accustomed\nto bathe. And the bathing-place was a garden, a stade in length, in\nthe middle of which was dug out a pool, which was fed by fountains of\nwater, cold and drinkable; and on each side there were exercising\nplaces, in which he was accustomed to practice himself after the\nmanner of the Greeks with javelin and quoit-throwing; for physically\nhe was very robust, both because he was still young, for he was only\nseven-and-twenty years old, and because he trained himself in this\nway. And when he had had enough exercise, he would jump into the water\nand exercised himself in swimming. ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA dietary vegan in \u0026ldquo;robust\u0026rdquo; health, two-thousand years ago and with an\nexercise routine fit for our finest modern vegan athletes! Even in the\nprevious quote, wherein the King is shown to participate in the chase,\nit is clear that his focus in the event is on the benefit of the\nexercise he gains. We have, then, a glimpse perhaps into an early\n80/10/10er, two-thousand years ahead of the times.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe story relates next of the banquet thrown in the Kingdom, which, it\nis made clear, included much consumption of animal products. One can\nimagine the King, sitting with his new friend, whom he instantly came to\nadmire, eating their fruit and their vegetables, surrounded by meat\neaters. How many modern vegans can relate to this scenario? How many\n\u0026ldquo;banquets\u0026rdquo; have we attended wherein we stick to our fruits and veggies\nwhile others indulge themselves in meals of death?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApollonius was on a journey, after all, and the time came to leave the\nkingdom. From there he moved in into the mighty Himalayas, where he did\nindeed find his way to the \u0026ldquo;wise men of the east\u0026rdquo;, and where he was\ninstructed in the truths he sought.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs the story goes, Apollonius remained with the wise men for some time\nbefore returning home to Greece, where he quickly found fame for the\ndemonstrations of his wisdom, and, it is said, of the powers that came\nwith it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe story proceeds through Apollonius\u0026rsquo;s life in Greece, and a time comes\nwhen the \u0026ldquo;people of Smyrna\u0026rdquo; called upon him to come to their aid.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ when the plague began to rage in Ephesus, and no remedy sufficed to\ncheck it, they sent a deputation to Apollonius, asking him to become\nphysician of their infirmity; and he thought that he ought not to\npostpone his journey, but said: \u0026ldquo;Let us go.\u0026rdquo; And forthwith he was in\nEphesus ā€¦ He therefore called together the Ephesians, and said: \u0026ldquo;Take\ncourage, for I will today put a stop to the course of the disease.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA story is then related wherein Apollonius instructs the townspeople to\nstone to death a demon, afterwhich the plague comes to its end. It is,\nafter all, an old story; we must expect a little embellishment or\nperhaps a good dose of allegory, symbolism and metaphor. Could it be\nthough, that the newly appointed physician simply understood the cure to\ntheir ills (as well as the cause) in a way that the townspeople did not,\nsuch that they (or future historians recalling the event) could not\naccurately account for what he had done?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe tales of Apollonius proceed, until a time comes where he is drawn\nbefore the courts of an Emperor. Within the trial Apollonius is asked a\nset of questions, one of which relates to this very plague. It\u0026rsquo;s worth\nnoting how Apollonius answers that question.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmidst the trial, we read:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhereupon the accuser began to bellow and spoke somewhat as follows:\n\u0026ldquo;\u0026rsquo;tis time, my sovereign, to apportion the water, for if you allow him\nto talk as long as he chooses, he will choke us. Moreover I have a\nroll here which contains the heads of the charges against him, and to\nthese he must answer, so let him defend himself against them one by\none.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Emperor approved of this plan of procedure and ordered Apollonius\nto make his defense according to the informer\u0026rsquo;s advice; however, he\ndropped out other accusations, as not worth discussion, and confined\nhimself to four questions which he thought were embarrassing and\ndifficult to answer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere proceed the questions:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;What induces you,\u0026rdquo; he said, \u0026ldquo;Apollonius, to dress yourself\ndifferently from everybody else, and to wear this peculiar and\nsingular garb?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Because,\u0026rdquo; said Apollonius, \u0026ldquo;the earth which feeds me also clothes me,\nand I do not like to bother the poor animals.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile modern vegans are accosted with such questioning of their motives\non a regular basis, our dear Apollonius was dragged before the court of\nthe Emperor to answer them! And yet he stood strong, answering directly\nthat his choice is on behalf of the animals, that he gets his clothing\nand his food from the earth (i.e. from plants) and not from the poor\nanimals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe questions continued:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Why is it that men call you a god?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Because,\u0026rdquo; answered Apollonius, \u0026ldquo;every man that is thought to be good,\nis honored by the title of god.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEarlier, the Emperor had asked Apollonius:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;How comes it then ā€¦ that you have come to regard as gods persons who\nare most hostile to myself?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;And what hostility,\u0026rdquo; said Apollonius, \u0026ldquo;is there between yourself and\nIarchas or Phraotes, both of them Indians and the only human beings\nthat I regard as gods and meriting such a title?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePhraotes was the name of the Vegan King, and Iarchas the name of the\nhighest wiseman of the Himalayas - the great teacher Apollonius had\nsought. These men, it seems, were the only ones Apollonius was willing\nto endow with the title of \u0026lsquo;gods\u0026rsquo;, meaning the only two men, through all\nhis long life and travels that he had considered to be \u003cem\u003egood\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \u003cimg src=\"y-ancientvegan2.gif\" alt=\"y-ancientvegan2.gif\"\u003e\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: Purii says that the dates given by Philostratus in his Life of\nApollonius of Tyana for Apollonius\u0026rsquo; visit to Taxila, 43ā€“44 AD, are\nwithin the period of the reign of Gondophares I, who also went by the\nParthian name, Phraotes. See Puri, \u0026ldquo;The Sakas and Indo-Parthians\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe third question in the court, and the one I wish to highlight, is\nthis:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;The third question related to the plague in Ephesus: \u0026ldquo;What motived,\u0026rdquo;\nhe said, \u0026ldquo;or suggested your prediction to the Ephesians that they\nwould suffer from a plague?\u0026rdquo;\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd here we have Apollonius\u0026rsquo;s simple answer:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;I used,\u0026rdquo; he said, \u0026ldquo;O my sovereign, a lighter diet than others, and so\nI was the first to be sensible of the danger; and if you like, I will\nenumerate the causes of pestilences.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe used a \u003cem\u003elighter diet than others\u003c/em\u003e, so he was the first to see the\ndanger - i.e. the first to recognize that they were heading for a\nplague! And Apollonius, in answering this question offers to explain to\nthe king, the true \u003cem\u003ecauses of pestiences\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut the Emperor, fearful, I imagine, lest Apollonius should reckon\namong the causes of such epidemics his own wrong-doing, and his\nincestuous marriage, and his other misdemeanors, replied: \u0026ldquo;Oh, I do\nnot want any such answers as that.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eOh, I do not want any such answers as that\u003c/em\u003e , he says, without\nconsidering what those answers might be. Here we have a pure vegan, a\nphilosopher, who immediately credits his ability to foresee the plague\nto his \u0026ldquo;lighter diet\u0026rdquo;, who equates veganism with the very first step on\nthe path to wisdom, willing to explain all the causes of pestilence,\ndisease, plague - and we have the Emperor, \u003cem\u003esimply not wanting to hear\nit\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow clearly this reflects the difficulties faced by vegans in today\u0026rsquo;s\nworld. How clearly vegans have come to see the causes of our modern\ndisease, and how little others will listen, even if they be \u0026rsquo;emperors\u0026rsquo;.\nHow clearly we see the benefits of veganism, and yet, like Apollonius\nbefore us, we may wander for ages and hardly come across one or maybe\ntwo \u0026ldquo;good men\u0026rdquo; (or women!), whom we would happily call gods among\nhumanity!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Veganism is a new invention,\u0026rdquo; our modern \u0026lsquo;Emperors\u0026rsquo; tell us. \u0026ldquo;Veganism\nis just a new age phenomenon; a new craze that will pass like all\nothers.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the contrary, we can respond. Veganism has had its defenders and\npractitioners for centuries, back, at the very least over two-thousand\nyears in our past, where a vegan was once brought before the court of\nthe Emperor, who in the style of meat eaters world-wide refused to hear\nthe truths he would speak.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"part-2\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePart 2 \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#part-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is seen through his biography that Apollonius was chiefly brought\nbefore the Emperor on trumped up charges, due most likely to his\nopposition to the tyranny in the land imposed in part by the Emperor\nand, perhaps in greater part, by those he refers to as ā€œmiscreantsā€, his\naccuser included. The questions on diet and lifestyle brought to him\nwere due, it would seem, to the prosecutor\u0026rsquo;s tactic of defamation, which\ndid not have the results he\u0026rsquo;d intended.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFollowing the questions posed to Apollonius and his replies, the story\ncontinues straight to the Emperor\u0026rsquo;s verdict ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[the] Emperor ā€¦ deeming the audience to have borne witness in favor\nof the accused, and also not a little impressed himself by the answers\nhe had received, for they were both firm and sensible, said: \u0026ldquo;I acquit\nyou of the charges; but you must remain here until we have had a\nprivate interview.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCredit to the Emperor for siding with reason in this instance.\nApollonius seems to have disliked this idea of a \u0026ldquo;private interview\u0026rdquo;,\nthough (being acquitted, but not allowed to leave seemed to have not\nsuited him), and thus he opted to use his opportunity to speak before\nthe court of the Emperor:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThereat Apollonius was much encouraged and said: \u0026ldquo;I thank you indeed,\nmy sovereign, but I would fain tell you that by reason of these\nmiscreants your cities are in ruin, and the islands full of exiles,\nand the mainland of lamentations, and your armies of cowardice, and\nthe Senate of suspicion. Accord me also, if you will, opportunity to\nspeak;* but if not, then send someone to take my body, for my soul\nyou cannot take. ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[Note: the \u0026ldquo;opportunity to speak\u0026rdquo; refers to a speech Apollonius had\nprepared (presumably between his questioning and the Emperor\u0026rsquo;s\nverdict), of which (according to his biographer) he was not given a\nchance to orate. However, the conclusion of his biographer seems\nunwarranted, as the speech itself, included fully in the biography, is\nwritten in such a way that Apollonius is made to have been interrupted\nin one moment by his accuser and to have responded to the Emperor in\nat least one instance. It reads more as a live-defense made orally,\nrather than as a prepared speech.]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe see another side of Apollonius here, and another measure of his\ngreatness. Given the opportunity, he spoke out directly and firmly\nagainst tyranny, unapologetically and with truth and argument as his\nweapons.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFollowing these words, Apollonius concluded:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNay, you cannot take even my body, ā€¦ And with these words he vanished\nfrom the courtā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe is said to have literally disappeared from court. After all, as we\nknow, modern day vegans have superpowers too! ;)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s worthwhile, for those interested in the history of non-violence and\ncivil-disobedience to read fully the contents of this speech (contained\nin [Book VIII, Chapter VII](\u003ca href=\"http://www.sacred-\"\u003ehttp://www.sacred-\u003c/a\u003e\ntexts.com/cla/aot/laot/laot41.htm)). The speech has a characteristically\nā€œGandhianā€ flavor to it, with a noble tolerance and civility in the face\nof tyranny but a firmness in opposition to it. A few selections are made\nhere, in direct relation to veganism and animal righton.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut without descending to such silly arguments, I would like to ask\nthe accuser which of his counts I ought to take first. And yet why\nneed I ask him? for at the beginning of his speech he dwelt upon my\ndress, and by Zeus, upon what I eat and what I do not eat. O divine\nPythagoras, do thou defend me upon these counts; for we are put upon\nour trial for a rule of life of which thou wast the discoverer, and of\nwhich I am the humble partisan. For the earth, my prince, grows\neverything for mankind; and those who are pleased to live at peace\nwith the brute creation want nothing, for some fruits they can cull\nfrom earth, others they win from her furrows, for she is the nurse of\nmen, as suits the seasons; but these men, as it were, deaf to the\ncries of mother earth, whet their knife against her children in order\nto get themselves dress and food. Here then is something which the\nBrahmans of India themselves condemned, and which they taught the\nnaked sages of Egypt also to condemn; and from them Pythagoras took\nhis rule of life, and he was the first of Hellenes who had intercourse\nwith the Egyptians. And it was his rule to give up and leave her\nanimals to the earth; but all things which she grows, he declared,\nwere pure and undefiled, and ate of them accordingly, because they\nwere best adapted to nourish both body and soul.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerein we have the ancient history of veganism from the mouth of one of\nits learned members. The lifestyle he lived, of pure veganism,\nnon-violence and respect of animal righton, he says, began in India,\nwith the Brahmans (the noble class of ancient India), from which it was\ntaught to the ancient Egyptians, then to Pythagoras and down through\nhistory until Apollonius\u0026rsquo;s own time (nearly 600 years after Pythagoras\nlived!). Veganism, according to Apollonius, has existed since time\nimmemorial, and had been taught continuously for at minimum 7 centuries\nbefore his own era!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat we hear from Apollonius in his speech is exactly what we hear from\nmodern vegans: fruit and vegetables are all we need ā€“ and not only all\nwe need, but the best, the \u003cem\u003ehealthiest\u003c/em\u003e foods possible, provided for us\ndirectly from Mother Earth herself, with no harm necessary to sentient\nbeings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eContinuing on the subject of veganism and the treatment of animals,\nApollonius says:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut the garments which most men wear made of the hides of dead animals,\nhe [Pythagoras] declared to be impure; and accordingly clad himself in\nlinen, and on the same principles had his shoes woven of byblus. ā€¦ I\nhave then told you who was the begetter of my own wisdom, and I have\nshown that it is no discovery of my own, but an inheritance come to me\nfrom another.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd as for myself though I do not condemn or judge those who make it\npart of their luxury to consume the red-plumaged bird, or the fowls\nfrom Phasis or the land of the Paeones, which are fattened up for\ntheir banquets by those who can deny nothing to their bellies, and\nthough I have never yet brought an accusation against anyone, because\nthey buy fish for their tables at greater prices than grand seigneurs\never gave for their Corinthian chargers, and though I have never\ngrudged anyone his purple garment nor his soft raiment and Pamphylian\ntissuesā€”yet I am accused and put upon my trial, O ye gods, because I\nindulge in asphodel and dessert of dried fruits and pure delicacies of\nthat kind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA peaceful, non-violent vegan, drawn to fight for his beliefs and to\nmake his case against those who consume animals, not by his own desire,\nbut because they brought the fight to him, because they insisted on\ndrawing him into the argument. And with his sense of duty strong,\nApollonius was certainly up to the task!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow many times do we see this throughout human history? Those great men\nand women, who would rather live a quite, peaceful, non-violent life,\nwho find themselves dragged into the conflicts of the day, into noble\nfights they did not ask for but were perhaps meant to fight. Fit to the\nchallenge he finds before him, Apollonius continues:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd yet apart from my contention about the use of living animals and\nlifeless things, according as he uses one or the other of which I\nregard a man as impure or pure, in what way is linen better than wool?\nWas not the latter taken from the back of the gentlest of animals, of\na creature beloved of the gods? ā€¦ On the other hand linen is grown and\nsown anywhere, and there is no talk of gold in connection with it.\nNevertheless, because it is not plucked from the back of a living\nanimal, the Indians regard it as pure, and so do the Egyptians, and I\nmyself and Pythagoras on this account have adopted it as our garb ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow the charges leveled against Apollonius are quite absurd by today\u0026rsquo;s\nstandards, among them being the charge that he was a god, or at least\nwas imitating one (it is interesting to reflect on his own definition of\nthat term, explained in part I). The chief accusation, however, was that\nhe had performed a human sacrifice, as this, logically (reasoned his\naccuser), was the only way to gain foresight of the coming plague of\nwhich he then interceded on behalf of the people and their health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAddressing this last charge, Apollonius explains:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the act of the accusation, my prince, a regular dirge is chanted\nover an Arcadian boy, whom I am accused of having cut up by night,\nperhaps in a dream, for I am sure I do not know. ā€¦ They pretend that I\nmassacred him in spite of his entreaties and lamentations, and that\nafter thus imbruing my hands in the blood of this child I prayed the\ngods to reveal the truth to me. ā€¦ Need I say, O my prince, it is\ndefiling even to listen to such stuff?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApollonius\u0026rsquo;s defense reveals his true colors:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ my defense ā€¦ shall set the truth before you. In all my actions I\nhave at heart the salvation of mankind, yet I have never offered a\nsacrifice in their behalf, nor will I ever sacrifice anything, nor\ntouch sacrifices in which there is blood, nor offer any prayer with my\neyes fixed upon a knife or the kind of sacrifice that he [the\naccuser] means.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is ironic that a vegan, so wholly and unabashedly opposed to\ncommitting \u003cem\u003eany\u003c/em\u003e harm against any animal life should be accused of\ncommitting human sacrifice! Though he does provide more tangible\nevidence against his charges, Apollonius\u0026rsquo;s first call to defense is his\nveganism. I have not, he says, I \u003cem\u003ewill not\u003c/em\u003e and could not do such a\nthing! Once again, this ancient sage demonstrates what it truly is to be\nvegan, holding true to his convictions. As another vegan recently said,\nin regards to this story, ā€œWe are in very good company with this way of\nlifeā€!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe complete biography of Apollonius of Tyana is a wonderful tale, full\nof philosophical insight, mysticism and wonder. The above article culls\nout selections related directly to veganism and animal righton, but full\ncontext can only be found by reading the complete work.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is available online here: \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/aot/laot/index.htm\"\u003ePhilostratus\u0026rsquo;s Life of\nApollonius\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is also an interesting, if potentially controversial, book written\nby G.R.S. Mead called \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/aot/aot/index.htm\"\u003eApollonius of\nTyana\u003c/a\u003e, that some may\nbe interested in. If nothing else, it will provide greater context for\nthe biographical story.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Ancient Vegans Porphyry", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jon-fergus/ancient-vegans-porphyry/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jon-fergus/ancient-vegans-porphyry/", "authors": [ { "name": "Jon Fergus" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eAs a continuation of our series on ancient vegans, we\u0026rsquo;ll attempt here to\ntake into consideration Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s essay \u003ca href=\"https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/porphyry_abstinence_01_book1.htm\"\u003eOn Abstinence from Animal\nFood\u003c/a\u003e,\nwritten in the third century CE, and translated into English by Thomas\nTaylor in 1823. A full pdf of the essay is provided\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.platonic-philosophy.org/files/Porphyry%20-%20On%20the%20Abstinence%20of%20Eating%20Animals.pdf\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry (234-305 CE), the student of Plotinus, and elder contemporary\nof Iamblichus, plays a central role in the Neoplatonism of the early\ncenturies CE. He is perhaps best known for his compilation of his\nteacher\u0026rsquo;s works, which are today known as the \u003cem\u003eEnneads\u003c/em\u003e , but he was\nalso a \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porphyry/%28philosopher%29#Works/by/Porphyry\"\u003evoluminous\nwriter\u003c/a\u003e\nin his own right. Among his writings is the famous \u003cem\u003eLife of Pythagoras\u003c/em\u003e\n, from which we gain many insights into the way of life prescribed by\nthat great philosopher, which we touched on in our \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/jon-fergus/ancient-vegans-appolonius/\"\u003earticle on\nApollonius of\nTyana\u003c/a\u003e.\nIt was this way of life that influenced Porphyry and other Neoplatonists\nin their adoption of a diet including no animal foods. Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s strong\nposition on animal rights and veganism is demonstrated aptly in the\nfollowing quote:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ to deliver animals to be slaughtered and cooked, and thus be filled\nwith murder, not for the sake of nutriment and satisfying the wants of\nnature, but making pleasure and gluttony the end of such conduct, is\ntranscendently iniquitous and dire.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn his essay on abstinence from animal foods Porphyry takes on several\nkey arguments brought against veganism and animal rights with in-depth\nand beautifully reasoned responses. The work is composed as a letter to\na friend, and former vegan, who had returned to the consumption of\nanimal products, from which Porphyry attempts to \u0026ldquo;disclose his friend\u0026rsquo;s\nerrors\u0026rdquo;. However, the essay is clearly written with other readers in\nmind, being addressed to all philosophers and to \u0026ldquo;those who have\narranged their life conformably to truth\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe essay runs to almost 60,000 words, dedicated primarily to the\ndefense of animal rights from the standpoint of Neoplatonic and\nPythagorean philosophy. It is, therefore, one of, if not \u003cem\u003ethe\u003c/em\u003e most\ncomplete and exhaustive treatise on this subject predating the 20th\ncentury, and yet, sadly, it remains largely overlooked.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe will divide our treatment of this essay into five parts:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"part-1-the-opponents-of-veganism\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePart 1: The Opponents of Veganism \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#part-1-the-opponents-of-veganism\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry\u0026rsquo;s essay opens with an address to his friend:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHearing from some of our acquaintance, O Firmus, that you, having\nrejected a fleshless diet, have again returned to animal food, at\nfirst I did not credit the report, when I considered your temperance,\nand the reverence which you have been taught to pay to those ancient\nand pious men from whom we have received the precepts of philosophy.\nBut when others who came after these confirmed this report, it\nappeared to me that it would be too rustic and remote from the\nrational method of persuasion to reprehend you . . . I have therefore\nthought it worthy of the friendship which subsists between us, and\nalso adapted to those who have arranged their life conformably to\ntruth, to disclose your errors through a confutation derived from an\nargumentative discussion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLike so many vegans and vegetarians, our philosopher is confronted with\na friend who has decided to forgo a \u0026ldquo;fleshless diet\u0026rdquo; and to fall back\ninto the consumption of animal products. Holding himself up to the high\nstandards of both the philosopher and the vegan, Porphyry takes it upon\nhimself to show his friend the error in his ways through logic and\nrational argument.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat we also find in this opening statement is the hint that the vegan\nlifestyle Porphyry enjoyed came to him (and to his friend, Firmus)\nthrough the precepts of the philosophy of \u0026ldquo;ancient and pious men\u0026rdquo;. This\nis a recognition that is not unique to Porphyry, as in previous blogs we\nhave established the existence of veganism among the philosophers of\nmore than one Greek school of philosophy, existing many centuries before\nthe time of this essay. In fact, Porphyry devotes considerable space in\nhis essay to the history of both veganism and animal consumption, which\nwe\u0026rsquo;ll explore in part 5.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry continues to address his friend:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor when I considered with myself what could be the cause of this\nalteration in your diet, I could by no means suppose that it was for\nthe sake of health and strength, as the vulgar and idiots would say;\nsince, on the contrary, you yourself, when you were with us, confessed\nthat a fleshless diet contributed both to health and to the proper\nendurance of philosophic labours; and experience testifies, that in\nsaying this you spoke the truth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis might as well be from the mouth of a modern vegan, and not an\nancient philosopher, as today we are constantly confronted by the same\n\u0026ldquo;vulgar and idiots\u0026rdquo; who in their ignorance insist that the consumption\nof animal products is the only way to gain strength and health. Porphyry\nechoes the truth that all long-term vegans come to recognize - that a\nvegan lifestyle leads \u0026ldquo;both to health and to the proper endurance of\nphilosophic labours\u0026rdquo;, (i.e. contributes both to physical and mental\nhealth). Thus we see that this debate - of whether or not veganism is\nhealthy - which may seem amplified in our age, has been with us for many\nlong centuries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith apparent difficulty in understanding his friend\u0026rsquo;s choice, Porphyry\nreasons:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt appears, therefore, that you have returned to your former\nillegitimate conduct, either through deception, because you think it\nmakes no difference with respect to the acquisition of wisdom whether\nyou use this or that diet; or perhaps through some other cause of\nwhich I am ignorant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis, it would seem, is a very important statement. As we\u0026rsquo;ve seen in\nprevious blogs, the ancient philosophers of these schools considered a\nvegan diet not only necessary on moral and health grounds, but a\nrequirement for the attainment of wisdom or the true practice of\nphilosophy. Porphyry, who is among the wisest thinkers of his age, and a\nrespected Platonist, is clear that if indeed his friend believes that\nwisdom can be attained on a non-vegan diet, he is mistaken. We see this\nidea reflected in many ancient and modern schools of philosophy, from\nPythagoras and the Orphics in Greece, to the Bramins in India, the\nNorthern Buddhists in Tibet, and so on. The equation of veganism and\nwisdom is, it seems, one that has existed from time immemorial among the\nwise men of many nations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut when I was also informed by certain persons that you even employed\narguments against those who abstained from animal food, I not only\npitied, but was indignant with you, that, being persuaded by certain\nfrigid and very corrupt sophisms, you have deceived yourself, and have\nendeavoured to subvert a dogma which is both ancient and dear to the\nGods.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis \u0026ldquo;dogma which is both ancient and dear to the Gods\u0026rdquo; is, of course,\nveganism (recall Apollonius\u0026rsquo;s description (from a previous blog) of a\n\u0026ldquo;god\u0026rdquo;, being the appellation due to anyone truly Good). This lifestyle,\nPorphyry says, is not new; on the contrary, it has formed part of the\nprecepts of the philosophy of the ancients and is renowned among all\ngood men.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHence it appeared to me to be requisite not only to show what our own\nopinion is on this subject, but also to collect and dissolve the\narguments of our opponents ā€¦ and thus to demonstrate, that truth is\nnot vanquished even by those arguments which seem to be weighty, and\nmuch less by superficial sophisms. For you are perhaps ignorant, that\nnot a few philosophers are adverse to abstinence from animal food, but\nthat this is the case with those of the Peripatetic and Stoic sects,\nand with most of the Epicureans; the last of whom have written in\nopposition to the philosophy of Pythagoras and Empedocles, of which\nyou once were studiously emulous. To this abstinence, likewise, many\nphilologists are adverse, among whom Clodius the Neapolitan wrote a\ntreatise against those who abstain from flesh. Of these men I shall\nadduce the disquisitions and common arguments against this dogma, at\nthe same time omitting those reasons which are peculiarly employed by\nthem against the demonstrations of Empedocles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen Porphyry speaks of \u0026ldquo;our own opinion\u0026rdquo;, who is he speaking on behalf\nof? From what he says after we can easily see that there were schools of\nthought both for and against veganism, just as there are in today\u0026rsquo;s\nworld. The schools of Pythagoras and Empedocles (among others) firmly\npromoting veganism and animal rights, while those of the sophists - the\nPeripatetic and Stoic sects, and the Epicureans, etc. - along with\ncertain philologists, actively arguing against veganism. This clearly\ndemonstrates that the debate between vegans and their counterparts has\nbeen with humanity for ages. There is, as they say, nothing new under\nthe sun.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry was a Platonist, and also a follower of Empedocles and\nPythagoras (and his, then famous, code of conduct). When he speaks of\n\u0026ldquo;our own opinions\u0026rdquo;, he speaks on behalf of those schools, and in the\nfine style of vegans everywhere (and everywhen) thus sets out to\n\u0026ldquo;collect and dissolve the arguments of our opponents\u0026rdquo;. And from this we\nhave his dissertation of over 60,000 words on the subject!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe begins (and so will we) with the arguments of his opponents, who\nwould seek to justify the exploitation and murder of animals for all\nmanner of human uses through a variety of excuses and twists of logic.\nAmong these arguments are many quite familiar to us in modern times.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe summarize the arguments given in his essay thus:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThat there is no reason to extend justice to \u0026ldquo;the irrational\u0026rdquo; (i.e.\nanimals) but only to the \u0026ldquo;rational\u0026rdquo; (humans), which clearly\ndemonstrates that the speciesism of today was alive and well in his\nday, and that animals were then considered non-sentient\n(irrational), as many today continue to try to convince themselves,\ndespite growing scientific knowledge to the contrary.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThat \u0026ldquo;if we spare, and do not employ them, that it will be\nimpossible for us to live. We shall also, after a manner, live the\nlife of brutes, if we reject the use of which they are capable of\naffording.\u0026rdquo; A classic argument, founded in a rural society\naccustomed to the habits of exploiting animals for personal use, and\nunable to imagine a world in which this \u0026rsquo;norm\u0026rsquo; is absent.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThat \u0026ldquo;what work would be left for us on the earth or in the sea,\nwhat illustrious art, what ornament of our food would remain, if we\nconducted ourselves innoxiously and reverentially towards brutes, as\nif they were of a kindred nature with us?\u0026rdquo; An argument that remains\nwith us today, among those whose livelihood depends on the\nexploitation and slaughter of animals, who complain that veganism\nwill strip them of their means of survival.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThat \u0026ldquo;our nature, not being sufficient to itself, but indigent of\nmany things, would be entirely destroyed, and enclosed in a life\ninvolved in difficulties . . . if excluded from the assistance\nderived from animals.\u0026rdquo; Essentially, we are too weak and feable to\nlive without the help of animals - an obviously flawed argument, and\nof course, one no longer even remotely valid in our modern times.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnd \u0026ldquo;what greater injury does he do, who cuts the throat of an ox or\na sheep, than he who cuts down a fir tree or an oak?\u0026rdquo; A classic\nargument, demonstrating the extreme of sophistry, or twisted logic\nbased wholly outside of reality.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;These,\u0026rdquo; Porphyry says, \u0026ldquo;are the principal arguments of the Stoics and\nPeripatetics.\u0026rdquo; He continued then, to the Epicureans and their chief\narguments against veganism:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFirstly, that \u0026ldquo;those . . . who first defined what we ought to do,\nand what we ought not, very properly did not forbid us to kill other\nanimals.\u0026rdquo; This argument (of which Porphyry goes on in length)\nsprings from a recognition of the justness of the other laws in\nwhich the society (of Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s time and place) lived (i.e. that\nmen should not kill one another, etc.), and concludes that because\nthose laws are just and well reasoned therefore if it were just and\nwell reasoned to not kill animals surely the lawmakers would\u0026rsquo;ve\nincluded laws to that end. A beautifully woven fallacy, if ever\nwe\u0026rsquo;ve heard one!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecondly, and as a continuation of the appeal to existing law, they\nstate that \u0026ldquo;it is not possible that men could be preserved, unless\nthey endeavoured to defend those who are nurtured with themselves\nfrom the attacks of other animals,\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;it was not only found to be\nuseful for men not to separate from each other, and not to do any\nthing injurious to those who were collected together in the same\nplace, for the purpose of repelling the attacks of animals of\nanother species; but also for defence against men whose design was\nto act nefariously.\u0026rdquo; Etc.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe core of the Epicurean argument is an appeal to community and the\nnotion that the community should do that which aids the community\nand refrain from doing what does it harm. From this they deduce that\nit is beneficial to the community to allow for the slaughter of\nanimals (and other tribes), but not to allow for the slaughter of\nthose who belong to their community, mostly for reasons of safety\nand defense. It is a well arranged argument that can be easily\nreduced to the corrupt idea of \u0026ldquo;us\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;others\u0026rdquo;, and that our laws\napply to each other but not to others (animals being squarely\nrelegated to the latter). Porphyry sums this up nicely with the\nEpicurean sentiment that \u0026ldquo;the destruction of every thing noxious,\nand the preservation of that which is subservient to its\nextermination, similarly contribute to a fearless life.\u0026rdquo; The\nEpicureans seem to be arranging their argument from a purely\nfear-based position, selfishly seeking to keep the scary world\nrelegated to lands outside their walls and/or to maintain utter\ncontrol over it. Thus, maintaining forceful dominion over animals is\nseen (by them) to lend itself to the good of the community.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThat \u0026ldquo;if we suffered them [animals] to increase excessively, they\nwould become injurious to us. But through the number of them which\nis now preserved, certain advantages are imparted to human life. For\nsheep and oxen, and every such like animal, when the number of them\nis moderate, are beneficial to our necessary wants; but if they\nbecome redundant in the extreme, and far exceed the number which is\nsufficient, they then become detrimental to our life. . .\u0026rdquo;. This is\na common argument in our time as well, which is founded upon a grave\nmisunderstanding of how holistic ecosystems (like the Earth) work.\nImagining that it is our job to maintain the order of the ecosystem\nand to keep the animals in appropriate numbers, through imprisonment\nand slaughter, is a serious corruption of human supremacy syndrome\nand an example of extreme arrogance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlso that \u0026ldquo;the slaughter of animals of this kind [i.e. those of use\nto mankind] is not prohibited, in order that as many of them as are\nsufficient for our use, and which we may be able easily to subdue,\nmay be left. For it is not with horses, oxen, and sheep, and with\nall tame animals, as it is with lions and wolves, and, in short,\nwith all such as are called savage animals, that, whether the number\nof them is small or great, no multitude of them can be assumed,\nwhich, if left, would alleviate the necessity of our life. And on\nthis account, indeed, we utterly destroy some of them; but of\nothers, we take away as many as are found to be more than\ncommensurate to our use.\u0026rdquo; This argument - a continuation of the\nlast - would see no use for so-called \u0026ldquo;savage\u0026rdquo; animals and would\ntherefore rather \u0026ldquo;utterly destroy\u0026rdquo; them. It is, as is obvious to any\nthinking person, a shallow and baseless and incredibly ignorant\nargument. It rests wholly on a foundation that assumes the inherent\nright of man\u0026rsquo;s dominion over animals.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLastly, the Epicureans, in their appeal to the institutions of the\nlaw, argue: \u0026ldquo;If, therefore, it was possible to make a certain\ncompact with other animals in the same manner as with men, that we\nshould not kill them, nor they us, and that they should not be\nindiscriminately destroyed by us, it would be well to extend justice\nas far as to this; for this extent of it would be attended with\nsecurity. But since it is among things impossible, that animals\nwhich are not recipients of reason should participate with us of\nlaw, on this account, utility cannot be in a greater degree procured\nby security from other animals, than from inanimate natures. But we\ncan alone obtain security from the liberty which we now possess of\nputting them to death.\u0026rdquo; The essential argument is that since we\ncannot strike up a human peace treaty with the animals, we are left\nonly with the option to kill them to secure ourselves. One can only\nfind pity for the state of mind that would live so fearful a life.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry sums up the Epicurean position with the following statement:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn this account ā€¦ it is similarly requisite to think, that what\npertains to the eating of animals, was ordained by those who from the\nfirst established the laws; and that the advantageous and the\ndisadvantageous were the causes why some animals were permitted to be\neaten and others not. So that those who assert, that every thing\nbeautiful and just subsists conformably to the peculiar opinions of\nmen respecting those who establish the laws, are full of a certain\nmost profound stupidity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing the very argument of the Epicureans, Porphyry subtly points out\nthat:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is not necessary, however, that these institutes [of laws] should\nbe preserved by us, because we do not dwell in the same place as those\ndid by whom they were made.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Epicureans, it seems, were all about the existing laws, respecting\nthem and their authority as just and wise, and yet, as their argument\ninsists (point #6 above), if it were possible to modify these laws and\nstill maintain the safety of the community, it ought to be done.\nTherefore, as Porphyry has them say, we need not, after all, maintain\nlaws simply for the sake of tradition - that if found to be unjust laws\nmay be necessarily changed. This is a position very familiar to modern\nanimal rights activists and composes a central point of the movement,\nnamely that new laws are demanded by the progress of humanity, that our\nexisting laws are simply not good enough when the morality in our hearts\noutgrows them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry, leaving behind the arguments of the Epicureans, moves on to\nthe increasingly absurd arguments of Claudius the Neapolitan, who had\npublished \u0026ldquo;a Treatise against Abstinence from Animal Food\u0026rdquo;. We may\nsummarize Claudius\u0026rsquo;s arguments as follows, using his words as much as\npossible:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThat \u0026ldquo;ā€¦ the ancients abstained from animals, not through piety, but\nbecause they did not yet know the use of fire; but that as soon as\nthey became acquainted with its utility, they then conceived it to\nbe most honourable and sacred ā€¦ and afterward they began to use\nanimals. For it is natural to man to eat flesh, but contrary to his\nnature to eat it raw. Fire, therefore, being discovered, they\nembraced what is natural, and admitted the eating of boiled and\nmasted flesh.\u0026rdquo; And furthermore, that \u0026ldquo;at first, therefore, men did\nnot eat animals, for man is not [naturally] a devourer of raw\nflesh. But when the use of fire was discovered, fire was employed\nnot only for the cooking of flesh, but also for most other eatables.\nFor that man is not [naturally] adapted to eat raw flesh, is\nevident ā€¦ that man, however, is adapted to feed on flesh, is evident\nfrom this, that no nation abstains from animal food.\u0026rdquo; This\nbeautifully absurd fallacy, appealing to the argument that since\neveryone does it, it must be natural and right, is one that is\nmaintained even in our time. It is, of course, baseless and believed\nin only by the most ignorant, as there is simply no logic to be\nfound in it. Similarly, the notion that man is meant to eat flesh,\njust not raw, stands in stark contrast to absolutely everything\nobservable in Nature. Porphyry addresses both of these at length.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThat \u0026ldquo;ā€¦ an innate and just war is implanted in us against brutes.\nFor some of them voluntarily attack men, as, for instance, wolves\nand lions; others not voluntarily, as serpents, since they bite not,\nexcept they are trampled on. And some, indeed, attack men; but\nothers destroy the fruits of the earth. From all these causes,\ntherefore, we do not spare the life of brutes; but we destroy those\nwho commence hostilities against us, as also those who do not, lest\nwe should suffer any evil from them. For there is no one who, if he\nsees a serpent, will not, if he is able, destroy it, in order that\nneither it, nor any other serpent, may bite a man. Etc.\u0026rdquo;. One is\nreminded of a child pitifully crying out \u0026ldquo;but he started it!\u0026rdquo; One is\nalso reminded of the fallacy of pre-emptive war given support by the\nidea that if we do not kill \u0026ldquo;them\u0026rdquo; first they\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNext, an argument that strikes at the very core of diseased human\nthinking, that \u0026ldquo;the Greeks do not feed either on dogs, or horses, or\nasses ā€¦ nevertheless, they eat swine and birds. For a hog is not\nuseful for anything but food.\u0026rdquo; Not useful for anything but food. It\nbrings a tear to our eyes to think that any human being is capable\nof such a thought.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClaudius then appeals to the familiar: \u0026ldquo;But why should any one\nabstain from animals? Is it because feeding on them makes the soul\nor the body worse? It is, however, evident, that neither of these is\ndeteriorated by it. For those animals that feed on flesh are more\nsagacious than others, as they are venatic, and possess an art by\nwhich they supply themselves with food, and acquire power and\nstrength; as is evident in lions and wolves. So that the eating of\nflesh neither injures the soul nor the body. This likewise is\nmanifest, both from the athletae, whose bodies become stronger by\nfeeding on flesh, and from physicians, who restore bodies to health\nby the use of animal food.\u0026rdquo; Convinced, as many are, that a human\neating flesh will be strong just as a lion eating flesh is, Claudius\nputs forth this tired and outworn argument. A human is, of course,\nnot a lion.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnother familiar argument follows: \u0026ldquo;Let it, however, be admitted\nthat all men are persuaded of the truth of this dogma, respecting\nabstinence from animals. But what will be the boundary of the\npropagation of animals? For no one is ignorant how numerous the\nprogeny is of the swine and the hare. And to these add all other\nanimals. Whence, therefore, will they be supplied with pasture? ā€¦\nAnd the earth will not be able to bear the multitude of animals.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnd \u0026ldquo;ā€¦what will husbandmen do? For they will not destroy those who\ndestroy the fruits of the earth.\u0026rdquo; Both are arguments shared by the\nStoics and Peripatetics and both are addressed by Porphyry.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClaudius continues: \u0026ldquo;How many ā€¦ will be prevented from having their\ndiseases cured, if animals are abstained from? For we see that those\nwho are blind recover their sight by eating a viper. A servant of\nCraterus, the physician, happening to be seized with a new kind of\ndisease, in which the flesh fell away from the bones, derived no\nbenefit from medicines; but by eating a viper prepared after the\nmanner of a fish, the flesh became conglutinated to the bones, and\nhe was restored to health. Many other animals also, and their\nseveral parts, cure diseases when they are properly used for that\npurpose; of all which remedies he will be frustrated who rejects\nanimal food.\u0026rdquo; His examples of cures from animal products are as\nunbelievable as those of today\u0026rsquo;s pseudo-doctors and nutritionists.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClaudius continues to reach, taking up next the all too familiar:\n\u0026ldquo;if as they say, plants also have a soul, what will become of our\nlife if we neither destroy animals nor plants? If, however, he is\nnot impious who cuts off plants, neither will he be who kills\nanimals.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHe then embarks on a most incredible argument, based on the theory\nof the transmigration of souls, in which, in the corrupted\nunderstanding of non-philosophers, it was believed that the soul, in\nthe process of reincarnation passes through the animal kingdom\nbefore returning as a human. Claudius claims: \u0026ldquo;But if they [souls]\nenter voluntarily ā€¦ and pass through every species of animals, they\nwill be much gratified by being destroyed. For thus their return to\nthe human form will be more rapid.\u0026rdquo; And \u0026ldquo;ā€¦ if the souls of men are\nimmortal, but those of irrational animals mortal, men will not act\nunjustly by destroying irrational animals. And if the souls of\nbrutes are immortal, we shall benefit them by liberating them from\ntheir bodies. For, by killing them, we shall cause them to return to\nthe human nature.\u0026rdquo; Aside from the obvious absurdity of this\nargument, it is also easily seen by one familiar with the theory of\nthe transmigration of souls to be based upon a complete and utter\nmisunderstanding and corruption of the idea. Claudius\u0026rsquo;s attempt here\nto not only defend killing animals, but to twist it into something\nnoble and exalted is nothing short of disgusting. He also claims,\namazingly, that \u0026ldquo;the bodies also which are eaten will not produce\nany pain in the souls of those bodies, in consequence of the souls\nbeing liberated from themā€¦\u0026rdquo;. Such \u0026ldquo;logic\u0026rdquo; can only issue forth from\na profoundly disturbed and disfigured mind.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThat \u0026ldquo;If ā€¦ we [only] defend ourselves [in putting animals to\ndeath], we do not act unjustly, but we take vengeance on those that\ninjure usā€¦ . And if we defend ourselves against them, how is it\npossible that in so doing we should not act justly. For we destroy,\nindeed, a serpent and a scorpion, though they do not attack us, in\norder that some other person may not be injured by them; and in so\ndoing we defend the human race in general.\u0026rdquo; The appeal to defense\nseems a common theme in those days.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThat \u0026ldquo;Co-operating also with the Gods themselves in what contributes\nto piety, we sacrifice animals: for ā€¦ the Gods ā€¦ Demi-gods likewise,\nand all the heroes who excel us both in origin and virtue, have so\nmuch approved of the slaughter of animalsā€¦\u0026rdquo;. Even in our day we\ncontinue to see the appeal to religion as either approving of, or at\nthe very least not denying, the slaughter of animals. The argument\nis, for obvious reasons, quite ineffectual to thinking human beings.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnd finally, that \u0026ldquo;ā€¦ if we abstained from animals, we should not\nonly be deprived of pleasure and riches of this kind, but we should\nalso lose our fields, which would be destroyed by wild beasts ā€¦ the\nscattered seeds would immediately be gathered by the birds; and all\nsuch fruits as had arrived at perfection, would be consumed by\nquadrupeds. But men being oppressed by such a want of food, would be\ncompelled, by bitter necessity, to attack [and eat] each other.\u0026rdquo;\nCan we help but laugh at a mind that could convince itself that if\nwe stop eating animals we will somehow, out of our own ineptness and\ninability to find anything else to eat, end up resorting to\ncannibalism?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThus is the extent of Claudius\u0026rsquo;s position against veganism, and thus\ncloses Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s summary of his opponent\u0026rsquo;s arguments.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn fairness to Claudius, Porphyry does have him make one extraordinary\nstatement which we can fully agree with as vegans, wherein he (perhaps\ninadvertently) demonstrates the essential problem with vegetarianism.\nClaudius admits, that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf, however, some one should, nevertheless, think it is unjust to\ndestroy brutes, such a one should neither use milk, nor wool, nor\nsheep, nor honey. For, as you injure a man by taking from him his\ngarments, thus, also, you injure a sheep by shearing it. For the wool\nwhich you take from it is its vestment. Milk, likewise, was not\nproduced for you, but for the young of the animal that has it. The bee\nalso collects honey as food for itself; which you, by taking away,\nadminister to your own pleasure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThus Claudius echoes what many of us have come to accept, that there is\nno middle ground when it comes to the exploitation of animals. He, like\nmany others, is fully willing to admit to himself that if we do indeed\ndeem it wrong to kill animals we should also consider it wrong to injure\nthem in any way and to exploit them in any way. As vegans, this is at\nthe very core of our way of life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClaudius makes it clear, however, that he believes these things (wool,\nmilk, honey, etc.) to be within our right to take for ourselves, being\nunable or unwilling to see the error in his logic or the gaping whole in\nhis heart. And sadly, there are two instances within his essay where\nPorphyry himself seems to forgive two specific acts, one being the\nshearing of sheep for wool and the other being the milking of cows.\nSeveral other statements, however, seem to counter this forgiveness or\nallowance of such uses, such that we get the feeling Porphyry may have\nbeen working through these aspects of his stance at the time of the\ncomposition of his essay.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving completed our summary of his opponent\u0026rsquo;s arguments, it seems\nimportant now to explore the philosophy underlying Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s\nperspective, as this philosophy is woven throughout his essay and\nsupports his many arguments. He did, after all, credit his veganism to\nthe system of philosophy he learned from those who came before him and,\nas we\u0026rsquo;ll see, this philosophy builds a solid foundation for animal\nrights, both in ancient times and in modern. After elucidating several\nbasic tenets of his philosophy, we\u0026rsquo;ll proceed to the arguments Porphyry\npresents against his opponent\u0026rsquo;s positions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"part-2-the-philosophy-underlying-porphyrys-arguments\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePart 2: The Philosophy Underlying Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s Arguments \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#part-2-the-philosophy-underlying-porphyrys-arguments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving summarized the arguments against veganism and animal rights,\nPorphyry addresses his friend (and his readers).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs, however, I intend to oppose these opinions, and those of the\nmultitude, I may reasonably premise what follows. In the first place,\ntherefore, it must be known that my discourse does not bring with it\nan exhortation to every description of men. For it is not directed to\nthose who are occupied in sordid mechanical arts, nor to those who are\nengaged in athletic exercises; neither to soldiers, nor sailors, nor\nrhetoricians, nor to those who lead an active life. But I write to the\nman who considers what he is, whence he came, and whither he ought to\ntend, and who, in what pertains to nutriment, and other necessary\nconcerns, is different from those who propose to themselves other\nkinds of life; for to none but such as these do I direct my discourse.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn short, he is directing his arguments towards philosophers, to\n\u003cem\u003ethinkers\u003c/em\u003e specifically, to those who wish to reason and to understand\nthemselves and their reality through such faculties. He, as with other\nphilosophers in our history, addresses himself primarily to those who\nshare his love of wisdom (philo-sophia). He\u0026rsquo;s not so concerned with\nwhether or not one can build muscle or run a marathon as a vegan, but\nfar more so with the simple truth of its rightness based on philosophy\nand reason.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd in addressing the goal (felicity) of this philosophy, Porphyry\nexplains:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe contemplation which procures for us felicity [joy, bliss], does\nnot consist, as some one may think it does, in a multitude of\ndiscussions and disciplines; nor does it receive any increase by a\nquantity of wordsā€¦ . If ā€¦ felicity consisted in literary attainments,\nthis end might be obtained by those who pay no attention to their food\nand their actions. But since for this purpose it is requisite to\nexchange the life which the multitude lead for another, and to become\npurified both in words and deeds, let us consider what reasonings and\nwhat works will enable us to obtain this end.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe felicity of the philosopher requires, as Porphyry and many others\nbefore and after him have insisted, an exchange of one life (that of the\nmultitudes) for another (that of the philosophers). We not only see this\namong Pythagoreans, Platonists, Orphics, Brahmins, Buddhists and others,\nbut even from the mouth of Jesus in the gospels, when he says: \u0026ldquo;For\nwhosoever will save his [current] life shall lose it: and whosoever\nwill lose his [current] life for my sake [i.e. for the sake of true\nwisdom, or Christos] shall find it [i.e. the life of wisdom].\u0026rdquo;\n(Matthew 16:25)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are many ways in which we can approach the philosophic and\nreligious/spiritual ideas of our ancestors. Some favor dead-letter\nliteralism in their interpretations, others prefer to see but (equally\ndead) myth, but it is to those of us who see both allegory and metaphor,\nand seek to understand the inner meaning, that the philosophers of old\naddressed their writings. Porphyry is no different in this respect. He\nsays,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewe [humans] resemble those who enter into, or depart from a foreign\nregion, not only because we are banished from our intimate associates,\nbut in consequence of dwelling in a foreign land, we are filled with\nbarbaric passions, and manners, and legal institutes, and to all these\nhave a great propensity. Hence, he who wishes to return to his proper\nkindred and associates, should not only with alacrity begin the\njourney, but, in order that he may be properly-received, should\nmeditate how he may divest himself of everything of a foreign nature\nwhich he has assumed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd furthermore:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ it is necessary, if we intend to return to things which are truly\nour own, that we should divest ourselves of every thing of a mortal\nnature which we have assumed, together with an adhering affection\ntowards it, and which is the cause of our descent and that we should\nexcite our recollection of that blessed and eternal essence, and\nshould hasten our return to the nature which is without colour and\nwithout quality, earnestly endeavouring to accomplish two things; one,\nthat we may cast aside every thing material and mortal; but the other,\nthat we may properly return, and be again conversant with our true\nkindred, ascending to them in a way contrary to that in which we\ndescended hither.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe may interpret this on the religious level, as looking towards the\neternal nature of Spirit, or spiritual life, as contrasted with the\nephemeral nature of matter, or material life, but we may also interpret\nthis on a regular human level, in which many of us will be able to\nrelate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is meant by \u0026ldquo;dwelling in a foreign land\u0026rdquo;? We were all born into\nthis world and as we developed we took on or inherited certain ideas -\nfrom our parents, siblings, teachers, society - we leave our \u0026ldquo;native\nland\u0026rdquo; (or state, noticeable in the infant) and come into a foregin land\nof concepts and ideas that have little to do with reality. These ideas\ncolor who we are, or rather, who we are capable of being. In our vegan\njourney many of us can relate to the process of \u0026ldquo;divesting ourselves of\neverything of a foreign nature which we have assumed\u0026rdquo; - these things\nbeing our assumptions about life, about diet, health, about humanity and\nourselves. Our brains have become so full of assumptions that our\njourney becomes as much about unlearningas about learning.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eVerily I say unto you, Except ye be converted, and become as little\nchildren, ye shall not enter into the kingdom of heaven.\u003c/em\u003e (Matthew 18:3)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is what the journey of the philosopher is all about: returning to\nour native state, but not in the sense of going backwards, or reverting\nto the blank slate of the infant, but of clearing ourselves of the crud\nunnecessarily gathered as we develop as a unit of society, so as to\napproach life with clarity of mind. Porphyry therefore precedes his\narguments for veganism with an injunction to us to begin the process of\nreturning to this, our true nature.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor we were intellectual natures, and we still are essences purified\nfrom all sense and irrationality; but we are complicated with\nsensibles, through our incapability of eternally associating with the\nintelligibleā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe were once pure and untarnished intellects, our minds were once like\nthe waters of a clear, calm lake, until we began to crowd our minds with\nassumptions, beliefs and ideas inherited from our collective society\n(the \u0026lsquo;mortal\u0026rsquo; or \u0026lsquo;material\u0026rsquo;) which muddied our waters. That it\u0026rsquo;s\n\u0026rsquo;normal\u0026rsquo;, and \u0026lsquo;acceptable\u0026rsquo; to imprison, exploit and consume animals is\nan example of one of these collective assumptions, which become an\ninseparable part of our self- identity, both individually and\nculturally.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor all the powers which energize in conjunction with sense and body,\nare injured, in consequence of the soul not abiding in the\nintelligible; (just as the earth, when in a bad condition, though it\nfrequently receives the seed of wheat, yet produces nothing but\ntares), and this is through a certain depravity of the soul, which\ndoes not indeed destroy its essence from the generation of\nirrationality, but through this is conjoined with a mortal nature, and\nis drawn down from its own proper to a foreign condition of being.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRemember that the Greek word we translate into English as \u0026ldquo;Soul\u0026rdquo; is\n\u003cem\u003epsyche\u003c/em\u003e , which we sometimes equally translate as Mind, and which\nessentially indicates the reasoning faculty, that which is capable of\ntruly understanding, of recognizing the \u003cem\u003eGood\u003c/em\u003e (i.e. the divine) within.\nWe are, in our essence, a pure psyche, uncoloured by erroneous ideas and\nconceptions, untarnished by false beliefs, and it is this ideal and\n\u0026lsquo;flawless\u0026rsquo; condition that is potential in each of us. The journey\nPorphyry would have us take is that journey by which we begin to strip\nourselves of everything erroneous that we might return once again to our\nnative state, which he equates with pure intelligence. The Soul not\nabiding in the intelligible is the Mind not abiding in itself (i.e.\nunconnected to true understanding or wisdom), but instead filling itself\nwith falsities and living in them, or imagining them to be reality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn veganism we take a similar (if not the very same) journey. We are not\nsimply refraining from exploiting animals, we are endeavoring to clean\nourselves outwardly and inwardly, to get rid of all the crud we have\naccumulated over the years - the physical and metaphorical fat we wear,\nthe baggage we carry with us. Porphyry addresses his essay to all those\nwho wish to undertake this process and thus discover who they truly are,\nwhich is the true path of the philosopher, the lover of wisdom. As he\nsays, the soul (psyche) \u0026ldquo;does not indeed destroy its essence from the\ngeneration of irrationality\u0026rdquo; - i.e. the psyche (Mind, Intelligence)\nremains pure and available, just waiting for us to drop all the stuff\nwe\u0026rsquo;ve covered it over with. We have not, in this view, lost our true\nself, but have merely covered it up, clouded it or \u0026ldquo;conjoined it with a\nmortal nature,\u0026rdquo; which is to say corrupted our true intelligence with\nfalse notions, unfounded concepts and twisted logic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ if we are desirous of returning to those natures with which we\nformerly associated, we must endeavour to the utmost of our power to\nwithdraw ourselves from sense and imagination [false conceptions],\nand the irrationality with which they are attended ā€¦ but such things\nas pertain to intellect should be distinctly arranged, procuring for\nit peace and quiet from the war with the irrational part; that we may\nnot only be auditors of intellect and intelligibles, but may as much\nas possible enjoy the contemplation of them, and, being established in\nan incorporeal nature, may truly live through intellect; and not\nfalsely in conjunction with things allied to bodies. We must therefore\ndivest ourselves of our manifold garments, both of this visible and\nfleshly vestment, and of those with which we are internally clothed,\nand which are proximate to our cutaneous habiliments; and we must\nenter the stadium naked and unclothed, striving for (the most glorious\nof all prizes) the Olympia of the soul.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt\u0026rsquo;s important to ask ourselves what Porphyry means when he says\n\u0026ldquo;garments\u0026rdquo;. We must remember that he is a philosopher and a\nmetaphysician and is therefore speaking often in subtle terms, by way of\nallegory and symbol. When we wake up in the morning do we not \u0026ldquo;put on\u0026rdquo;\nour garment of flesh? Do we not also put on our \u0026ldquo;garments\u0026rdquo; of Mind - our\nideas about ourselves and the world, our identities, our personalities,\nour habits? These are that \u0026ldquo;with which we are internally clothed\u0026rdquo;, and\nas he says, to return to our true natures we must \u0026ldquo;enter the stadium\n[of life] naked and unclothed [i.e. without the baggage of our false\nideas, our inner garments]\u0026rdquo;. This also applies to meditation, wherein\nwe \u0026ldquo;procure for it [the mind, soul, Self] peace and quiet from the war\nwith the irrational part\u0026rdquo;, i.e. that part of us that we\u0026rsquo;ve accumulated\nover the years, that doesn\u0026rsquo;t actually (or natively) belong to us, but is\nsimply (mental) baggage that we\u0026rsquo;ve decided to carry around from day to\nday.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe importance of this is stated plainly by Porphyry:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first thing, however, and without which we cannot contend, is to\ndivest ourselves of our garments.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe must divest ourselves, we must rid ourselves of the mental fat we\nwear around our minds every day. We must begin to let go of our mistaken\nideas and to slowly return to our true selves, i.e. to \u0026ldquo;associate with\nthe intelligible\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut since of these [garments] some are external and others internal\nā€¦ one kind is through things which are apparent, but another through\nsuch as are more unapparent. Thus, for instance, not to eat, or not to\nreceive what is offered to us, belongs to things which are immediately\nobvious; but not to desire is a thing more obscure; so that, together\nwith deeds, we must also withdraw ourselves from an adhering affection\nand passion towards them. For what benefit shall we derive by\nabstaining from deeds, when at the same time we tenaciously adhere to\nthe causes from which the deeds proceed?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry touches on something of profound importance here. It is not\nenough to simply divest ourselves of our outer garments and continue to\nwear our inner ones. It is not enough, for instance, to forcefully stop\nconsuming animals but to continue inwardly to desire or crave animal\nproducts. If we are to be truly free, to truly return to our native\nstate, we must divest ourselves of all the inward ideas, passions, etc.,\nthat bind us to our past habits. It is easy to see that the most\nsuccessful vegans, as the most successful philosophers, are those who\nhave truly cleansed themselves inwardly, who are vegans and philosophers\nstraight through to the very core of their being. This is what Porphyry\nis telling us: we must reach within and really begin that cleaning\nprocess in earnest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ this separation [the departure from sense, imagination, and\nirrationality] is introduced by a continual negligence of the\npassions. And this negligence is produced by an abstinence from those\nsensible perceptions which excite the passions, and by a persevering\nattention to intelligibles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe way to begin this process, this withdrawal from irrationality, etc.,\nwhich is the cleaning up of ourselves, is through \u0026ldquo;negligence of the\npassions\u0026rdquo;, through \u0026ldquo;abstinence\u0026rdquo; from that which excites those passions,\nand by keeping ourselves focused on that which is intelligible. If we\nwish to rise above some unwanted part of ourselves, if we want to strip\noff one of our inner garments, we must maintain abstinence from those\nspecific passions that are associated with that particular garment -\ni.e. that \u0026ldquo;adhere\u0026rdquo; us to it. We cannot, for instance, divest ourselves\nof the inner garment associated with alcoholism without first addressing\nand thenceforth abstaining from the passions associated with the drink.\nThe former requires the latter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis comes into full effect in our vegan journey, as well as with the\njourney of the philosopher. Continuing to \u0026lsquo;feed\u0026rsquo; the passions associated\nwith our inner garments (false beliefs, ideas, etc.), and thus to\nactively maintain them, will do nothing but keep us imprisoned by them.\nIn veganism this is plainly seen, as our indulgence in non-vegan\nlifestyles does nothing but keep our feet firmly locked where we are,\nholding us back from truly living a vegan lifestyle. We cannot put one\nfoot in the door and keep one outside; we must step fully away from our\npast bad habits and move fully into our truer nature, thus dropping off\nthose garments that have served only to weigh us down.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd Porpyry makes it clear that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ among these passions or perturbations, those which arise from food\nare to be enumerated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese passions are like the glue which binds the \u0026ldquo;garments\u0026rdquo; to our Self.\nWe wake in the morning, or come out of meditation, and immediately that\nglue takes hold and our very sense of self becomes interlocked with all\nour self- identified garments. To take them off we must loosen the glue,\nwhich is to eliminate the passions surrounding each one.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf one is addicted to a harmful substance, one must abstain from it\nwhile also replacing it with beneficent substances (to trade the bad for\nthe good), and the longer one does this the weaker the passion for the\nharmful substance becomes. Similarly, if one is addicted to a harmful\nidea or belief, one must abstain from it, while focusing on beneficent\nideas (by looking only towards truth), and slowly the glue binding one\nto that harmful belief will weaken until the garment can be taken off\ncompletely. Applying this to veganism, we can see that one must adopt it\nfully, absolutely, leaving entirely behind all non-vegan activities, and\nslowly, over time, the passions and habits that bound one to the old\nlifestyle will fade and one will find a new life awaiting them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;We should therefore abstain, no less than from other things, from\ncertain food, viz., such as is naturally adapted to excite the passive\npart of our soul [psyche] ā€¦ these, the passions being excited, and\nthe whole of the irrational nature becoming fattened, the soul\n[psyche] is drawn downward, and abandons its proper love of true\nbeing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnyone familiar with addiction can recognize in these words a true\nunderstanding of the process by which one forms an addition. That\nprocess of being \u0026ldquo;drawn downward\u0026rdquo; can be seen both spiritually and\npractically. We (the person we truly are) are drawn down into the habits\nwe\u0026rsquo;ve gathered to ourselves over the years, we are drawn into believing\nthat \u003cem\u003ewe are those habits\u003c/em\u003e , when in reality they are but a temporary\npassenger, so to speak, in our life-journey. We are no more our habits\nthan the fire is the smoke it produces.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThus we lose our \u0026ldquo;proper love of true being\u0026rdquo; in favor our our habitual\nlife of day-in and day-out self-identification. We think we are all\nthese ideas we hold about ourselves and the world, but Porphyry is\ntelling us that this is but the irrational nature becoming \u0026ldquo;fattened\u0026rdquo; by\nfeeding it too much nonsense, just as our bodies become fattened by\nfeeding them too much unhealthy food. And food, he makes clear, is one\nof those elements that excites this part of our nature and keeps us\nstuck in it. We are what we eat, as the old saying goes, so that what we\neat lends itself to either the path of the philosopher or to the state\nof the multitudes, in which we remain confused about who we truly are.\nThe choice between the two is ours to make.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry proceeds to examine how the passions are excited by each sense,\nand when he comes to the sense of taste, we find him saying:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut what occasion is there to speak of the passions produced through\nthe taste? For here, especially, there is a complication of a twofold\nbond; one which is fattened by the passions excited by the taste; and\nthe other, which we render heavy and powerful, by the introduction of\nforeign bodies (i.e. of bodies different from our own). For, as a\ncertain physician said, those are not the only poisons which are\nprepared by the medical art; but those likewise which we daily assume\nfor food, both in what we eat, and what we drink, and a thing of a\nmuch more deadly nature is imparted to the soul through these, than\nfrom the poisons which are compounded for the purpose of destroying\nthe body.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot only are the passions (those associated with whichever foods we\nchoose to consume) excited, but we may also slowly poison ourselves\nthrough that consumption. As we know in our time, this is absolutely\ntrue. A whole host of diseases are associated with the consumption of\nanimal products, and we see every day around us the negative health\neffects of poor dietary choices. However, an oft neglected effect is\nthat which these foods have on the Mind, or Soul (psyche). Porphyry goes\nas far as to say that these poisons are far worse for the soul than\nthose designed to kill the body. Killing the body does no further damage\nto the Soul, as is evident by the ceasing of life (or association\nbetween soul (psyche) and body) - regardless of what we believe may or\nmay not happen after death - but slowly poisoning the psyche through the\nconsumption of such foods does continual and long-term damage to the\nmind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClear thinking is essential if we are to drop our old garments, and\nclear thinking becomes hampered by the consumption of unhealthy foods,\nas they restrict the body and brain of essentials, but also because we\ncontinue to train and enhance and maintain our old mental habits - we\ncontinue to apply more and more glue to the garments we wrap ourselves\nin, thus making the journey to discover who we truly are that much more\ndifficult.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHence, to be purified from all these [the passions that bind us] is\nmost difficult, and requires a great contest, and we must bestow much\nlabour both by night and by day to be liberated from an attention to\nthem, and this, because we are necessarily complicated with sense.\nWhence, also, as much as possible, we should withdraw ourselves from\nthose places in which we may, though unwillingly, meet with this\nhostile crowd [of passions].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur senses provide the means by which the passions are excited and thus\nthe means by which we continue to strengthen the glue binding us to the\ngarments we wish to let go of (those that are keeping us unhealthy and\nrestraining us from knowing our true selves), therefore we must be\ncareful what we do with our senses, and careful as to what environments\nwe put ourselves in. If one wants to quit drinking, hanging out in a bar\nis a bad idea. If one wants to be vegan, going to a steakhouse is a bad\nidea. If we indulge one sense, it is likely to lead to the indulgence of\nanother. Thus, if we indulge an enjoyment of the smell of cooked meat,\nit only strengthens the passion that will inevitably lead to the\nindulgence of the taste of cooked meat. However, if we abstain all\nsenses from this, and indulge them only in healthy vegan foods, in time\nthe passion associated between smell or taste and cooked meat will\nvanish - we will simply not enjoy it anymore, because the enjoyment was\nonly a \u003cem\u003etrained\u003c/em\u003e or \u003cem\u003elearned\u003c/em\u003e thing, not a natural thing essential to\nwho we are.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ intellect, indeed, is present with itself, though we are not present\nwith it. But he who departs from intellect, is in that place to which\nhe departs; and when, by discursive energies, he applies himself\nupwards and downwards by his apprehension of things, he is there where\nhis apprehension is.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is an age-old philosophical assertion, that where the mind directs\nitself so follows the perceived \u0026ldquo;reality\u0026rdquo; of that mind. Thus, what we\nfocus on becomes (to us) our reality. If we focus on the negative, we\nbecome absorbed by it, it fills our view of all things. If we focus on\nthe positive, likewise we become absorbed by it. If we place our focus\nentirely upon aspects of ourselves that we dislike, our reality will\nbecome that of one who dislikes themselves. When we depart from\nintellect (i.e. when we indulge ourselves in false ideas and beliefs)\nthat \u0026ldquo;place\u0026rdquo; to where we go becomes our reality - we will see the world\nonly through those goggles, but never with our naked eyes (i.e. never\nclearly, truthfully, accurately).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe, therefore, who submits to the assumption of (every kind of) food,\nand voluntarily betakes himself to (alluring) spectacles, to\nconversation with the multitude, and laughter; such a one, by thus\nacting, is there where the passion is which he sustains.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur passions are much more than simple indulgences; they color our\nentire sense of reality when we follow them. We not only begin to see\nthe world through the coloring of those passions, but we also draw\nourselves into environments associated with those passions. We thus\ncreate a sort of self- fulfilling prophecy (for ourselves), when we\nbelieve something to be true we will continue to reinforce that belief\nby drawing ourselves to things that verify (feed) it. We must be very\ncareful then, in considering \u0026ldquo;where\u0026rdquo; we wish to focus our attention, and\nthis applies to both outer environments and inner ones (i.e. where we\nwish to spend our time and on which ideas we wish to dwell).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ through ignorance of, and abstaining from sensible concerns, he (the\ndelirious man) is unacquainted with them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJust as abstaining from the passions will slowly lead to our detachment\nfrom them, so too abstaining from \u0026ldquo;sensible concerns\u0026rdquo; (i.e. from true\nreason, rationality, logic, intelligence) will cause a detachment in us\nfrom our true nature (clarity of Soul, psyche or Mind). By living only\nin the passions associated with our false sense of self, our beliefs,\nhabits and all the garments we wear, we also deprive ourselves of the\nopportunity to be who we truly are, in our truest self. Thus, in taking\nup the journey of the philosopher, it is as important to leave behind\n\u003cem\u003ewho we were\u003c/em\u003e as it is to begin finding \u003cem\u003ewho we are\u003c/em\u003e. In veganism this\nis equally applicable: we must both leave behind our old habits and\nbegin finding healthy ones. We cannot maintain both our old self and our\nnew self: one of the two must perish.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo that to the attainment of a life according to intellect, it \u003cem\u003eis\u003c/em\u003e\nrequisite to abstain from all these [base passions] ā€¦ for it is not\npossible for us to be borne along to this place and to that, while we\nare here, and yet be there, (i.e. be present with an intelligible\nessence). For our attentions to things are not effected with a part,\nbut with the whole of ourselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOr in other words, we must give ourselves fully to where we lend our\nattention, we must commit all of ourselves to where we choose to focus,\nand not be scattered, having only part of our attention on one thing and\nanother part on another. In veganism this is evident: we cannot be\npartly vegan. In the life of the philosopher it is even more so: we\ncannot live two lives: one rational and one irrational. Because our\nfocus determines what we perceive as our reality, we cannot expect to\nlive in the reality of the person we truly are if we continue to focus\non the person we know to be a fiction made up of societal assumptions,\nhabits and expectations. We must let that person go and give our full\nattention to the person we know we are (and can be).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe man ā€¦ who is cautious, and is suspicious of the enchantments of\nnature [of the passions], who has surveyed the essential properties\nof body, and knows that it was adapted as an instrument to the powers\nof the soul [psyche], will also know how readily passion is prepared\nto accord with the body, whether we are willing or not, when anything\nexternal strikes itā€¦ . the irrational part [our confused self]\nverges downward, thither it is borne along, without any power of\ngoverning itself in things external. Nor does it know the fit time or\nthe measure of the food which should be taken, unless the eye of the\ncharioteer [the Soul, our real Self, the \u0026ldquo;intelligence\u0026rdquo;] is\nattentive to it, which regulates and governs the motions of\nirrationality ā€¦ But he who takes away from reason its dominion over\nthe irrational part, and permits it to be borne along ā€¦ such a one,\nyielding to desire and anger, will suffer them to proceed to whatever\nextent they please. On the contrary, the worthy man will so act that\nhis deeds may be conformable to presiding reason ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis, therefore, is the cause why the multitude err in words and\ndeeds, in desire and anger, and why, on the contrary, good men act\nwith rectitude, \u003cem\u003eviz.\u003c/em\u003e that the former suffer the boy within them to\ndo whatever it pleases; but the latter give themselves up to the\nguidance of the tutor of the boy, ( \u003cem\u003ei.e.\u003c/em\u003e to reason) and govern what\npertains to themselves in conjunction with it. Hence in food, and in\nother corporeal energies and enjoyments, the charioteer being present,\ndefines what is commensurate and opportune ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHence, to worthy men, abstinence in food [i.e. abstaining from animal\nproducts, wine, etc.], and in corporeal enjoyments and actions, is\nmore appropriate than abstinence in what pertains to the touch ā€¦ Since\nā€¦ a prolongation of time in cooking and digesting food, and together\nwith this the co-operation of sleep and rest, are requisite, and,\nafter these, a certain temperament from digestion, and a separation of\nexcrements, it is necessary that the tutor of the boy within us should\nbe present, who, selecting things of a light nature, and which will be\nno impediment to him, may concede these to nature, in consequence of\nforeseeing the future [i.e. understanding the effects of his\nactions], and the impediment which will be produced by his permitting\nthe desires to introduce to us a burden not easily to be borne,\nthrough the trifling pleasure arising from the deglutition of food.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn short, we must allow ourselves to be governed by the highest in us,\ni.e. by \u003cem\u003ereason\u003c/em\u003e , that faculty of the soul (psyche) which allows us to\nknow what is rightful and beneficial and what is not. In regards to food\n(as to all of life), we mustn\u0026rsquo;t allow ourselves to be \u0026ldquo;borne away\u0026rdquo; by\nthe \u0026ldquo;boy\u0026rdquo; in us (i.e. the irresponsible and irrational), but must allow\nthe \u0026ldquo;tutor\u0026rdquo; to govern, such that we will select the most appropriate\nfoods in the proper amounts and live a healthy life. This philosophy is\nfound clearly also in the Bhagavad Gita wherein we are shown the\nimportance of allowing \u0026ldquo;Krishna\u0026rdquo; (our true Self) to guide Arjuna (the\nboy) - indeed Porphyry uses the exact same analogy of the charioteer as\nused in the Gita. This need for the assertion of the higher over the\nlower is found among nearly all philosophical systems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe importance of reason and intelligence cannot be understated, and as\nPorphyry explains, this is of immense import when it comes to food.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReason, therefore, very properly rejecting the much and the\nsuperfluous, will circumscribe what is necessary in narrow boundaries,\nin order that it may not be molested in procuring what the wants of\nthe body demandā€¦ . nor (will it) endeavour to receive much pleasure in\neating, nor, through satiety, to be filled with much indolence; nor by\nrendering ā€¦ the body more gross, to become somnolent; nor through the\nbody being replete with things of a fattening nature, to render the\nbond more strong, but himself more sluggish and imbecile in the\nperformance of his proper works.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is reason, therefore that should guide us in our selection of food,\nnot the runaway passions. Reason will do the job right; the irrational\nin us will do nothing but harm.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis forms the central recurring theme underlying Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s philosophy,\nwhich is the dominion of the rational over the irrational within us, the\nneed of the higher, noble, reasoning ability to take precedence and thus\nrule over the lower, base, passionate and unreasonable within us. This\ncentral pillar of his system of thought becomes interwoven with his\ndefinition of justice, from which he will then argue that justice ought\nto be extended equally to animals as to humans. The exposition of his\nphilosophy, then, builds up the foundation upon which his chief\narguments for animal rights will rest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ the essence of justice consists in the rational ruling over the\nirrational, and in the irrational being obedient to the rational part\n[in each being]. For when reason governs, and the irrational part is\nobedient to its mandates, it follows, by the greatest necessity, that\nman will be innoxious [harmless] towards every thing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJustice thus, springs naturally when the rational is asserted over the\nirrational. In short: when we begin to exercise clarity of mind, with\ntrue reason and rationality, we begin naturally to embody and exemplify\njustice, which arises from a true perception of morality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHence, the just man appears to be one who deprives himself of things\npertaining to the body; yet he does not (in reality) injure himself.\nFor, by this management of his body, and continence, he increases his\ninward good, i.e., his similitude to God. ā€¦ By making pleasure ā€¦ the\nend of life, that which is truly justice cannot be preserved ā€¦ For, in\nmany instances, the motions of the irrational nature, and utility and\nindigence, have been, and still are the sources of injustice. For men\nbecame indigent (as they pretended) [partook] of animal food, in\norder that they might preserve, as they said, the corporeal frame free\nfrom molestation, and without being in want of those things after\nwhich the animal nature aspires. But if an assimilation to divinity\n[i.e the inward good] is the end of life, an innoxious [harmless]\nconduct towards all things will be in the most eminent degree\npreserved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWithin each of us, then, we have this power-struggle between the\n\u0026lsquo;irrational\u0026rsquo; and the \u0026lsquo;rational\u0026rsquo;, between what might be called our\n\u0026lsquo;desire-nature\u0026rsquo; and our \u0026lsquo;divine-nature\u0026rsquo;. If we follow purely the\ndictates of our passions and desires, without a care for what is truly\ngood, then injustice follows, as is evident from countless examples in\nour society. If, however, the rational within us is asserted as primary\nand of most importance, and we are led not by blind passions, habits,\nappetites or false conceptions, but by our highest reason, then justice\nnaturally follows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs, therefore, he who is led by his passions is innoxious [harmless]\nonly towards his children and his wife, but despises and acts\nfraudulently towards other persons, since in consequence of the\nirrational part predominating in him, he is excited to, and astonished\nabout mortal concerns; but he who is led by reason, preserves an\ninnoxious conduct towards his fellow-citizens, and still more so\ntowards strangers, and towards all men, through having the irrational\npart in subjection, and is therefore more rational and divine [good]\nthan the former character; - thus also, he who does not confine\nharmless conduct to men alone, but extends it to other animals, is\nmore similar to divinity; and if it was possible to extend it even to\nplants, he would preserve this image in a still greater degree.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis then, is the primary situation in which we find ourselves, raising\nalways the question: which part of ourselves will we allow to dominate,\nthe rational or the irrational? The logic and reason, not to mention the\nethics and morality underlying Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s philosophy and his arguments,\nis apparent to those who exercise their reason. The arguments of his\nopponents, however, are discovered to be founded upon irrational\nprejudices, distorted logic and the desire to maintain one\u0026rsquo;s existing\nhabitual or societal life, i.e. the status- quo both within ourselves\nand within our culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor custom is most powerful in increasing those passions in man which\nwere gradually introduced into his nature.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd as Porphyry will argue (see Part 5), both the killing (for sacrifice\nor otherwise) and the consumption of animals is not something natural to\nus, but something that was introduced, and thus seeped its way into the\nculture, becoming over time an indistinguishable part of it, and sadly,\nsomething we have come to identify as part of our nature. We can,\nhowever, remove this \u0026ldquo;garment\u0026rdquo; of our culture, and this false identity\nby recognizing it as the foreign element it is, in the exact same way as\nwe can remove our individual garments. And this must be accomplished\nthrough the exercise of the highest reason.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe ā€¦ who is indigent [in need] of a greater number of externals, is\nin a greater degree agglutinated [adhered] to penury [need]; and\nby how much his wants increase, by so much is he destitute of divinity\n[good], and an associate of penury. For that which is similar to\ndeity, through this assimilation immediately possesses true wealth.\nBut no one who is (truly) rich and perfectly unindigent injures any\nthing. For as long as any one injures another, though he should\npossess the greatest wealth, and all the acres of land which the earth\ncontains, he is still poor, and has want for his intimate associate.\nOn this account, also, he is unjust, without God, and impious, and\nenslaved to every kind of depravity, which is produced by the lapse of\nthe soul into matter, through the privation [lack] of good. Every\nthing, therefore, is nugatory [worthless] to any one, as long as he\nwanders from the principle of the universe; and he is indigent of all\nthings, while he does not direct his attention to Porus (or the source\nof true abundance). He likewise yields to the mortal part of his\nnature [the irrational], while he remains ignorant of his real self\n[the rational]. But Injustice is powerful in persuading and\ncorrupting those that belong to her empire, because she associates\nwith her votaries in conjunction with Pleasure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThus we see that, to Porphyry, there was a much deeper philosophical and\npsychological aspect to the condition of animal exploitation and\nconsumption. To him, the disease went much deeper into Man\u0026rsquo;s psyche. For\nthe ancient philosophers, divinity is exemplified by goodness - the two\nbeing essentially one. To be divine was to be good and vice versa. To\nascend to our \u0026ldquo;true self\u0026rdquo; is to embrace and activate that which is\nalready latent within us, being the goodness that exists in us, even if\nonly in potential. To stray from divinity, or to degrade ourselves into\nour \u0026ldquo;mortal\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;material\u0026rdquo; self is to stifle the good in us in favor of\nthe purely (blind) passionate nature that thrives when reason is absent.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry, along with the Neoplatonists and Pythagoreans, explains that\none who would rise to the \u003cem\u003egood\u003c/em\u003e within them, and thus come to know\ntheir own divinity (their \u0026ldquo;true self\u0026rdquo;), will naturally embody justice\nand harmlessness to all sentient beings, as this quality is native to\nthe divine in us (i.e. it is inherently of the \u003cem\u003egood\u003c/em\u003e ).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe will see, as we now proceed to Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s arguments, the role this\nphilosophy will play in his stance for animal rights. Particularly, we\nwill notice the universality of justice in Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s conception. We\nwill also see the concepts of virtue and vice addressed, as intimately\nconnected with rationality and irrationality and these will play a\ncentral role also in his chief argument. Thus the conceptual framework,\nbriefly explored here, becomes the weapon of true reason with which\nPorphyry will dismantle his opponent\u0026rsquo;s arguments.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"part-3-porphyrys-central-argument\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePart 3: Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s Central Argument \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#part-3-porphyrys-central-argument\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving thus touched on the philosophic foundations underlying his\nposition, we can now proceed to Porphyry responses to his opponent\u0026rsquo;s\narguments. Two arguments constitute the core of Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s essay, and it\nis during those arguments that he is able, also, to tackle the several\nminor arguments of his opponents. These two central arguments are (1)\nagainst the opinion that animals are not rational (sentient) and\ntherefore need not be extended justice, and (2) against animal sacrifice\nand its relation to the consumption of animal products. We will\nstructure our review of his arguments beginning with the first of these,\nthen into the several minor arguments presented, and lastly into the\narguments related to animal sacrifice and history.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eArgument against the opinion that animals are irrational\n(non-sentient) and thus that justice need not be extended to them.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a most important argument, and one that is at the cornerstone of\nthe modern animal rights movement, namely that animals are sentient,\nrational, capable of feelings akin to those of human beings, including\npleasure and pain, desire for life, and so on and thus ought to be\nprotected from forceful suffering, just as we endeavor to protect humans\nfrom forceful suffering.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo Porphyry, this argument is intimately connected with his definition\nof justice. He opens his argument thus:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe shall pass on, therefore, to the discussion of justice; and since\nour opponents say that this ought only to be extended to those of\nsimilar species, and on this account deny that irrational animals can\nbe injured by men, let us exhibit the true, and at the same time\nPythagoric opinion, and demonstrate that every soul [psyche] which\nparticipates of sense and memory is rational. For this being\ndemonstrated, we may extend, as our opponents will also admit, justice\nto every animal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom this, he proceeds to explain that his opponents imagine there to be\ntwo kinds of reason; (1) internal reason (i.e. internal \u003cem\u003ethought\u003c/em\u003e ) and\n(2) external reason (i.e. reason exhibited by voice or speech), and\nfurthermore that reason itself can be distinguished as either reason or\n\u003cem\u003eright\u003c/em\u003e reason. Porphyry approaches this latter distinction first,\nwherein he argues that his opponents:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ appear, indeed, to ascribe to brutes an entire privation [lack] of\nreason, and not a privation of right reason alone. For if they merely\ndenied that brutes possess right reason, animals would not be\nirrational, but rational beings, in the same manner as nearly all men\nare according to them. For, according to their opinion, one or two\nwise men may be found in whom alone right reason prevails, but all the\nrest of mankind are depraved; though some of these make a certain\nproficiency, but others are profoundly depraved, and yet, at the same\ntime, all of them are similarly rational. Through the influence,\ntherefore, of self-love, they say, that all other animals are\nirrational; wishing to indicate by irrationality, an entire privation\nof reason. If, however, it be requisite to speak the truth, not only\nreason may plainly be perceived in all animals, but in many of them it\nis so great as to approximate to perfection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn short: if reason is qualified in this manner (the way his opponents\nwish to qualify it), then we can only say that animals lack \u0026ldquo;right\nreason\u0026rdquo;, being the capacity to \u003cem\u003ecorrectly\u003c/em\u003e understand certain\ncomplexities (i.e. complex mathematics, sciences, philosophies, etc.),\nbut that we cannot deny them reason itself, of ordinary degree, as even\namong humans there are many who lack entirely \u0026ldquo;right reason\u0026rdquo; but are\nstill said to have reason itself (i.e. to be sentient, thinking beings,\nhowever flawed or limited their thinking might be).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor reason, indeed, is ingenerated by nature; but right and perfect\nreason is acquired by study and discipline. Hence all animated beings\nparticipate of reason, but our opponents cannot mention any man who\npossesses rectitude of reason and wisdom (naturally), though the\nmultitude of men is innumerable. But as the sight of one animal\ndiffers from that of another, and the flying of one bird from that of\nanother, (for hawks and grasshoppers do not similarly see, nor eagles\nand partridges); thus, also, neither does every thing which\nparticipates of reason possess genius and acuteness in the highest\nperfection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe are all, animals included, born with the capacity of reason, never\nwith \u0026ldquo;right reason\u0026rdquo; (genius) innately available, but only attained\nthrough \u0026ldquo;study and discipline\u0026rdquo;, something that applies equally to birds\nlearning to fly as it is to humans learning to read, the variety of\nability (both in sense and reason) covering a vast spectrum of degrees.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe will now see how beautifully woven is Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s argument, as he\nstrips apart the views of his opponents, and their two-fold concept of\nreason. These two types of reason, they claim, manifest as internal and\nexternal (i.e. \u0026ldquo;the silent discourse which takes place in the soul\u0026rdquo; and\nthat \u0026ldquo;consisting in external speech\u0026rdquo;). Porphyry explains that speech, of\nany kind, \u0026ldquo;whether in a barbarous or a Grecian, a canine or a bovine\nmode\u0026rdquo; is always linked to internal reason, for \u0026ldquo;do they [animals] not\ndiscursively perceive the manner in which they are inwardly affected,\nbefore it is vocally enunciated by them?\u0026rdquo; (i.e. do they not inwardly\nperceive and cognize prior to expressing that cognition through\nspeech?). If there were no internal process of reason (thought), animal\nspeech would be utterly meaningless, but, as we know, it is far from it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut if we do not understand what they [animals] say, what is this to\nthe purpose? For the Greeks do not understand what is said by the\nIndians, nor those who are educated in Attica the language of the\nScythians, or Thracians, or Syrians; but the sound of the one falls on\nthe ears of the other like the clangor of cranes, though by others\ntheir vocal sounds can be written and articulated, in the same manner\nas ours can by us. Nevertheless, the vocal sounds of the Syrians, for\ninstance, or the Persians, are to us inarticulate, and cannot be\nexpressed by writing, just as the speech of animals is unintelligible\nto all men.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThus, simply because the speech of animals is unintelligible \u003cem\u003eto us\u003c/em\u003e\ndoes not indicate that it is unintelligible \u003cem\u003eto them\u003c/em\u003e. Modern scientific\nstudies verify, of course, that animals do indeed intelligently\ncommunicate, often in quite complex ways, with one another. There is no\nlogic, therefore, in assuming that because we don\u0026rsquo;t understand it, it is\nmeaningless or an indication that there is no reason or cognitive\nprocess associated with it. Thus, his opponent\u0026rsquo;s argument that animals\nhave no reason, whether internal or external, will be seen to be deeply\nflawed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndeed, the variety and difference in the vocal sounds of animals,\nindicate that they are significant. Hence, we hear one sound when they\nare terrified, but another, of a different kind, when they call their\nassociates, another when they summon their young to food, another when\nthey lovingly embrace each other, and another when they incite to\nbattle. And so great is the difference in their vocal sounds, that,\neven by those who have spent their whole life in the observation of\nthem, it is found to be extremely difficult to ascertain their\nmeaning, on account of their multitude.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd furthermore:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ when animals speak to each other, these sounds are manifest and\nsignificant to them, though they are not known to all of us. If,\nhowever, it appears that they imitate us, that they learn the Greek\ntongue, and understand their keepers, what man is so impudent as not\nto grant that they are rational, because he does not understand what\nthey say?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA profoundly important point. Not only are animals capable of\nunderstanding one another, but are also capable of understanding humans,\nsomething that by all accounts requires a good deal of reasoning\nability.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut what about those animals who do not vocalize, do they have reason\n(cognition)?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is also narrated, that some dumb animals obey their masters with\nmore readiness than any domestic servantsā€¦ . Many likewise relate that\nthe eels in Arethusa, and the shell-fish denominated saperdae, about\nMaeander, are obedient to those that call them. Is not the\nimagination, therefore, of an animal that speaks, the same, whether it\nproceeds as far as to the tongue, or does not? And if this be the\ncase, is it not absurd to call the voice of man alone reason, but\nrefuse thus to denominate the voice of other animals? For this is just\nas if crows should think that their voice alone is external reason,\nbut that we are irrational animals, because the meaning of the sounds\nwhich we utter is not obvious to them ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe can certainly admire the soundness of Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s reasoning, which\ncorresponds in our day to the reasoning of animal rights activists who\nmaintain that all animals are sentient, whether we can understand them\nor not, on similar grounds of argument, except now backed by a myriad of\nscientific studies to support the clear logic of it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry continues with further examples:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe hunter ā€¦ from the barking of his dog, perceives at one time,\nindeed, that the dog explores a hare, but at another, that the dog has\nfound it; at one time, that he pursues the game, at another that he\nhas caught it, and at another that he is in the wrong track, through\nhaving lost the scent of it. Thus, too, the cowherd knows, at one\ntime, indeed, that a cow is hungry, or thirsty, or weary, and at\nanother, that she is incited to venery, or seeks her calf, (from her\ndifferent lowings). A lion also manifests by his roaring that he\nthreatens, a wolf by his howling that he is in a bad condition, and\nshepherds, from the bleating of sheep, know what the sheep want.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeither ā€¦ are animals ignorant of the meaning of the voice of men,\nwhen they are angry, or speak kindly to, or call them, or pursue them,\nor ask them to do something, or give something to them; nor, in short,\nare they ignorant of any thing that is usually said to them, but are\naptly obedient to it; which it would be impossible for them to do,\nunless that which is similar to intellection energized, in consequence\nof being excited by its similar. ā€¦ For they do not hear our voice as\nif it was a mere sound only, but they also perceive the difference in\nthe meaning of the words, which is the effect of rational\nintelligence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegardless of their ability in terms of voice, the very fact that an\nanimal is capable of understanding and following orders proceeding from\nhuman language demonstrates that they must indeed have cognitive\nabilities (intellection) at least somewhat similar to human beings.\nWithout a quite high degree of cognitive ability, how would an animal\nprocess the information embodied in the sounds of our voice, and from\nthat both understand and follow the instructions?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry then wonderfully demonstrates the reasoning capacity of dogs\nthus:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ dogs have a knowledge of dialectic, and make use of the syllogism\nwhich consists of many disjunctive propositions, when, in searching\nfor their game, they happen to come to a place where there are three\nroads. For they thus reason, the beast has either fled through this\nroad, or through that, or through the remaining road; but it has not\nfled either through this, or through that, and therefore it must have\nfled through the remaining third of these roads.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis process of reasoning is essentially the same mental process as the\ndialectic of the philosopher who moves from one proposition to another,\neliminating options until the true one is discovered; the difference\nbetween the philosopher\u0026rsquo;s and the dog\u0026rsquo;s reasoning being not of \u003cem\u003ekind\u003c/em\u003e\nbut of \u003cem\u003edegree\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese arguments are simple and logical enough, and yet even in our world\nof so-called \u0026rsquo;enlightenment\u0026rsquo; the bulk of humanity seems to shrug them\naway and continue to insist upon Man as the only reasoning being on\nEarth. At the very least, we can see that vegans have been making these\narguments for many centuries, sadly falling most often on the deaf ears\nof the ignorant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry moves on from external to internal reason:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut it is now requisite to show that brutes have internal reason. The\ndifference, indeed, between our reason and theirs, appears to consist,\nas Aristotle somewhere says, not in essence, but in the more and the\nless ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis statement is of profound importance. It becomes essential, in\nexamining the sentience of animals, to realize that the consciousness\noperating within them and within us is not different in \u003cem\u003etype\u003c/em\u003e but only\nin \u003cem\u003edegree\u003c/em\u003e. And just as among humanity the degree varies immensely from\nan Einstein down to a so- called \u0026lsquo;savage\u0026rsquo;, but we refrain from calling\none sentient and the other not, so when we extend this to animals we are\nforced to admit their sentience (and reason).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ indeed, so far as pertains to sense and the remaining organization,\naccording to the sensoria and the flesh, every one nearly will grant\nthat these are similarly disposed in us, as they are in brutes. For\nthey not only similarly participate with us of natural passions, and\nthe motions produced through these, but we may also survey in them\nsuch affections as are preternatural and morbid. No one, however, of a\nsound mind, will say that brutes are unreceptive of the reasoning\npower, on account of the difference between their habit of body and\nours, when he sees that there is a great variety of habit in men,\naccording to their race, and the nations to which they belong and yet,\nat the same time, it is granted that all of them are rational.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe proceeds to point out that not only is the underlying reasoning\nability of the same kind in animals and humans in relation to the\nsenses, but that many animals exhibit far greater sensory perception,\nand thus on the whole they may be said to be superior to us in this\nregard. Our ability to cognize our environment comes through our senses\nand is processed by our reasoning faculty, but our senses report hardly\na fraction of what many animal\u0026rsquo;s do, and thus our reasoning ability is\nlimited by this lack of sensory ability \\ limits which do not similarly\nexist in many animals, who may see or smell or hear with far greater\naccuracy and thus who may perceive far more of reality than we.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a verification of animal reason, Porphyry later states:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ nature ā€¦ did not make an animal sensitive merely that it might be\npassively affected, and possess sensible perception; but as there are\nmany things which are allied and appropriate, and many which are\nforeign to it, it would not be able to exist for the shortest space of\ntime, unless it learnt how to avoid some things, and to pursue others.\nThe knowledge, therefore, of both these ā€¦ the apprehension and pursuit\nof what is useful, and the depulsion and avoidance of what is\ndestructive and painful, can by no possible contrivance be present\nwith those animals that are incapable of reasoning, judging, and\nremembering, and that do not naturally possess an animadvertise power.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThus we see the utility and purpose of sensory perception and its\nrelation to reason. The use of sensory perception to successfully\nnavigate the world itself demonstrates that underlying the perceptions\nis an active reasoning capacity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCiting a work available in his day, he concludes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is ā€¦ a treatise of Strato, the physiologist, in which it is\ndemonstrated, that it is not possible to have a sensible perception of\nanything without the energy of intellection. ā€¦ For the objects which\nfall on the eyes and the ears do not produce a sensible perception of\nthemselves, unless that which is intellective is present.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is an obvious assertion to the philosopher, and one that is backed\nby modern scientific studies. Our senses, without the mind to interpret\nthem are useless. It is the mind that gives meaning to the input given\nit by the senses, and it is through a complex inner process that\nunderstanding of the information is gained. Animals, thus, demonstrate\nby their use of their senses that they too have this inner process of\nmind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoving steadily from reason towards the subject of justice, Porphyry\nobserves:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ with respect to other animals, in the same manner as with respect to\nmen, many things are taught them by nature, and some things are\nimparted by discipline. Brutes, however, learn some things from each\nother, but are taught others, as we have said, by men. They also have\nmemory, which is a most principal thing in the resumption of reasoning\nand prudence. They likewise have vices, and are envious; though their\nbad qualities are not so widely extended as in men ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn light of what we witness daily in the \u0026ldquo;world of men\u0026rdquo; today we can\ncertainly agree with this last statement. Animals certainly seem much\nless \u0026ldquo;vice ridden\u0026rdquo; than humans. And yet we are superior, many insist!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis point, that animals exhibit vice, is exceedingly important when\nlooked at in combination with its opposite, virtue - these two opposites\nbeing paramount to the concept and exercise of justice. Porphyry thus\nproceeds to the subject of justice in relation to animals, supported by\nhis arguments for their rationality (sentience).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWho likewise is ignorant how much gregarious animals preserve justice\ntowards each other? for this is preserved by ants, by bees, and by\nother animals of the like kind. And who is ignorant of the chastity of\nfemale ringdoves towards the males with whom they associate? for they\ndestroy those who are found by them to have committed adultery. Or who\nhas not heard of the justice of storks towards their parents? For in\nthe several species of animals, a peculiar virtue is eminent, to which\neach species is naturally adapted; nor because this virtue is natural\nand stable, is it fit to deny that they are rational? For it might be\nrequisite to deprive them of rationality, if their works were not the\nproper effects of virtue and rational sagacity; but if we do not\nunderstand how these works are effected, because we are unable to\npenetrate into the reasoning which they use, we are not on this\naccount to accuse them of irrationality ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDemonstrating first that justice exists in the animal kingdom, by way of\nexamples (and many more exist that could be used, particularly, as we\nknow in modern times, among species that exhibit complex social orders),\nhe argues that this very act of justice demonstrates the existence of\nvirtue among animals, and from this we can surmise the ability to\ndiscern between virtue and vice, something we humans consider a product\nof high reasoning!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUpon an examination of their vices and virtues, Porphyry then\ndemonstrates that their vices are less than men\u0026rsquo;s and that many of their\nvirtues are greater. His prime example of this is in regards to those\nanimals who are held as slaves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut many brutes are slaves to men, and, as someone rightly says,\nthough they are in a state of servitude themselves, through the\nimprobity of men, yet, at the same time, by wisdom and justice, they\ncause their masters to be their servants and curators. Moreover, the\nvices of brutes are manifest, from which especially their rationality\nis demonstrated. For they are envious, and the males are rivals of\neach other with respect to the favour of the females, and the females\nwith respect to the regard of the males. There is one vice, however,\nwhich is not inherent in them, viz., acting insidiously towards their\nbenefactors, but they are perfectly benevolent to those who are kind\nto them, and place so much confidence in them, as to follow wherever\nthey may lead them, though it should even be to slaughter and manifest\ndanger. And though some one should nourish them, not for their sake,\nbut for his own, yet they will be benevolently disposed towards their\npossessor. But men [on the contrary] do not act with such hostility\ntowards any one, as towards him who has nourished them; nor do they so\nmuch pray for the death of any one, as for his death.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe would argue, alongside Porphyry that this benevolent disposition that\ncountless animals maintain, even towards their captors, is a\ndemonstration of virtue rarely found among humans. How then, with such\nexhibitions of virtue, can we deny them either justice or reason?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry also examines, in light of the philosophy covered in Part 2,\nthe importance of experiencing both the irrational and the rational as a\nmeans of growth and learning (and in its relation to virtue and vice),\nwhich leads to the proper exercise of reason (i.e. from reason to right\nreason).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ he who lives according to intellect, will more accurately define\nwhat is eligible [rightful to do] and what is not, than he who lives\nunder the dominion of irrationality. For the former has passed through\nthe irrational life, as having from the first associated with it; but\nthe latter, having had no experience of an intellectual life,\npersuades those that resemble himself, and acts with nugacity\n[worthlessness], like a child among children.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs stated earlier, we are not born with \u0026ldquo;right reason\u0026rdquo;, but only with\n\u0026ldquo;reason\u0026rdquo;, which holds within itself the capacity for or potential of\nright reason. It takes discipline and study to ascend to right reason,\nwhich brings with it the benefit of knowing, from direct experience,\nboth the irrational and the rational. And it is essentially this\n\u003cem\u003eknowing\u003c/em\u003e (in whatever degree) that allows for one to distinguish\nbetween virtue and vice, and to act accordingly. Thus, the rational man\nunderstands both himself \u003cem\u003eand\u003c/em\u003e the irrational man, but the irrational\nman understands only his own irrationality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is important in the application to animals, since Porphyry\ndemonstrates earlier that animals possess \u003cem\u003eboth\u003c/em\u003e virtue and vice, \u003cem\u003eand\u003c/em\u003e\nare able to distinguish between the two and thus incorporate justice\ninto their social systems. This, in itself is a powerful argument for\nthe reasoning capacity of animals, which, it may be argued, may exceed\nthat of many humans, who are as yet unable to distinguish between virtue\nand vice and thus maintain quite confused notions of justice. It becomes\ndifficult, in the light of these arguments, to maintain the concept of\nhuman superiority - we may be superior \u003cem\u003ein potential\u003c/em\u003e , but have we yet\ndemonstrated ourselves to be superior \u003cem\u003ein actuality?\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry continues on to dismantle several of his opponents arguments\nwhich suppose to prove that animals are not rational, among them being:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethat brutes do not consult, nor form assemblies, nor act in a judicial\ncapacity,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eto which he replies:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut tell me whether all men do this? Do not actions in the multitude\nprecede consultation? And whence can anyone demonstrate that brutes do\nnot consult? For no one can adduce an argument sufficient to prove\nthat they do not. For those show the contrary to this, who have\nwritten minutely about animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn modern times we, of course, know animals to consult with one another,\nin one manner or another, particularly among anthopoids and other social\nanimals in regards to their social structure and communal decisions.\nPorphyry continues:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs to other objections, which are adduced by our adversaries in a\ndeclamatory way, they are perfectly frivolous; such, for instance, as\nthat brutes have no cities of their own. For neither have the\nScythians, who live in carts, nor the Gods. Our opponents add, that\nneither have brutes any written laws. To this we reply, that neither\nhad men while they were happy. For Apis is said to have been the first\nthat promulgated laws for the Greeks, when they were in want of them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is quite important, as it can be seen, upon reflection, that the\nneed for legal laws arises only due to the want of them - i.e. only\nbecause we have proven ourselves incapable of living in harmony without\nexterior laws to enforce the self-control and \u003cem\u003eright reason\u003c/em\u003e that we\nevidently lack. Animals, having no such laws, demonstrate not an\nincapacity, but a lack of need of such laws, and thus can be seen to\nsurpass humans in their ability to live naturally in harmony.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn regards to equal justice to animals, Porphyry observes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ is it not absurd, since we see that many of our own species live\nfrom sense alone, but do not possess intellect and [right] reason,\nand since we also see, that many of them surpass the most terrible of\nwild beasts in cruelty, anger, and rapine, being murderous of their\nchildren and their parents, and also being tyrants, and the tools of\nkings (is it not, I say, absurd,) to fancy that we ought to act justly\ntowards these, but that no justice is due from us to the ox that\nploughs, the dog that is fed with us, and the animals that nourish us\nwith their milk, and adorn our bodies with their wool? Is it not such\nan opinion most irrational and absurd?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne after another, his opponents arguments are shown to be unfounded and\nillogical.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFollowing this, and directly towards the application of justice to all\nanimals, he rightly observes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ all men [are allied] to each other; for one of these two reasons,\neither because they originate from the same ancestors, or because they\nparticipate of the same food, manners and genus. Thus also we must\nadmit that all men have an affinity, and are allied to each other.\nAnd, moreover, the principles of the bodies of all animals are\nnaturally the sameā€¦ . But animals are much more allied to each other,\nthrough naturally possessing souls, which are not different from each\nother ā€¦ in the reasoning faculty, and, above all, in the senses. But\nas with respect to bodies, so likewise with respect to souls, some\nanimals have them more, but others less perfect, yet all of them have\nnaturally the same principlesā€¦ . And if this be admitted, the genus of\nother animals has an affinity, and is allied to \u003cem\u003eus\u003c/em\u003eā€¦ . Hence, since\nanimals are allied to us, if it should appear ā€¦ that they are allotted\nthe same soul [psyche] that we are, he may justly be considered as\nimpious who does not abstain from acting unjustly towards his kindred.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThrough these arguments, therefore ā€¦ it is demonstrated that brutes\nare rational animals, reason in most of them being indeed imperfect,\nof which, nevertheless, they are not entirely deprived. Since,\nhowever, justice pertains to rational [sentient] beings, as our\nopponents say, how is it possible not to admit, that we should also\nact justly towards brutes?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe question ought to hang in the air for a while, to be considered\nfully in light of the sound arguments that preceded it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is beneficial for us to close this section by considering, as\nPorphyry does, the effect engendered by one who \u003cem\u003edoes\u003c/em\u003e extend justice to\nall animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePythagoras said, that to injure no one, and to be exhilarated with\njustice, is the sweetest sauce; as the avoidance of animal food, will\nalso be the avoidance of unjust conduct with respect to food.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd indeed we agree. This exhilaration with justice lends itself to joy,\nbliss, or what Porphyry calls \u0026ldquo;felicity\u0026rdquo;, which is again what eastern\nphilosophers might call \u003cem\u003eAnand\u003c/em\u003e. It exists together with compassion and\nempathy and all other noble virtues, which exist potentially in all\nsentient beings but are activated in but a few.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor he who abstains from every thing animated [i.e. from exploitation\nof animals] ā€¦ will be much more careful not to injure those of his\nown species. For he who loves the genus, will not hate any species of\nanimals; and by how much the greater his love of the genus is, by so\nmuch the more will he preserve justice towards a part of the genus,\nand that to which he is allied. He, therefore, who admits that he is\nallied to all animals, will not injure any animal. But he who confines\njustice to man alone, is prepared, like one enclosed in a narrow\nspace, to hurl from him the prohibition of injustice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJustice breeds justice, as love breeds love and compassion does\ncompassion. Our recognition that animals are \u0026ldquo;allied to us\u0026rdquo; by shared\nprinciples and reason, by genus (kind), lends itself to an expansion of\njustice not just externally, but within ourselves, which carries with it\nprofoundly beneficent results. We become, as Porphyry explained earlier,\nincreasingly divine (Good) by the practice of goodness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry closes book three of his discourse with the following profound\nstatement, addressing directly the inherent problem of the irrational\n(passionate) nature - a problem existing in excess in our consumerist\nworld.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf, however, say our opponents, all men were persuaded by these\narguments, what would become of us? ā€¦ But now this question is just\nthe same as if men should be dubious what the life of the Danaids\nwould be, if they were liberated from the employment of drawing water\nin a sieve, and attempting to fill a perforated vessel. For they are\ndubious what would be the consequence if we should cease to replenish\nour passions and desires, the whole of which replenishing continually\nflows away through the want of real good; since this fills up the\nruinous clefts of the soul more than the greatest of external\nnecessaries. Do you therefore ask, O man, what we should do? We should\nimitate those that lived in the golden age, we should imitate those of\nthat period who were (truly) free. For with them modesty, Nemesis\n[harmony], and Justice associated, because they were satisfied with\nthe fruits of the earth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe fertile earth for them spontaneous yields abundantly her fruits.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut those who are liberated from slavery, obtain for themselves what\nthey before procured for their masters. In like manner, also, do you,\nwhen liberated from the servitude of the body, and a slavish attention\nto the passions produced through the body, as, prior to this, you\nnourished them in an all-various manner with externals, so now nourish\nyourself all-variously with internal good, justly assuming things\nwhich are (properly) your own, and no longer by violence taking away\nthings which are foreign (to your true nature and real good).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis visual of trying to \u0026ldquo;fill a perforated vessel\u0026rdquo; or of \u0026ldquo;drawing water\nin a sieve\u0026rdquo; is immensely profound. It is an illustration of how the\npassionate nature within us operates, wherein it seeks more and more of\nthat which it is associated with, but remains always empty, ever\nunfulfilled. Our reasoning nature - our higher self, our Soul (psyche)\nin its highest degrees - is capable, however, of \u0026ldquo;nourishing us\nall-variously with internal good\u0026rdquo;, thus truly fulfilling us. It is\nentirely our choice which of these paths we will take - the one of blind\nand irresponsible passions, mistaken beliefs and ignorance, or the other\nof mindful responsibility, true perception and understanding, compassion\nand wisdom. The latter is that which is associated with animal rights,\nthe former is that which is associated with the status-quo of\nexploitation, destruction and suffering.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"part-4-additional-arguments\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePart 4: Additional Arguments \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#part-4-additional-arguments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn his essay, Porphyry weaves his several arguments together into a\nsingle stream, but we will here make selections in relation to the\nprimary arguments presented by his opponents. As we saw in his primary\nargument, Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s underlying philosophy will continue to support his\npositions, thus it will be helpful to reflect upon this philosophy while\nconsidering each argument presented. When we have finished with these\nadditional arguments, we\u0026rsquo;ll proceed to his second chief argument which\nrelates to animal sacrifice (and which we may relate to modern animal\ntesting), and to a consideration of vegan history according to Porphyry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAddressing the fallacy that consuming animal products is healthy,\nPorphyry argues:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAgain, neither does animal food contribute, but is rather an\nimpediment to health. For health is preserved through those things by\nwhich it is recovered. But it is recovered through a most slender and\nfleshless diet; so that by this also it is preserved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ that which is especially preservative of health, is an undisturbed\nstate of the soul [psyche] ā€¦ For much benefit is from hence derived\nto the body, as our associates have demonstrated from experience.\nHence some who have been afflicted with the gout in the feet and\nhands, to such a degree as to be infested with it for eight entire\nyears, have expelled it through abandoning wealth, and betaking\nthemselves to the contemplation of divinity. At the same time,\ntherefore, that they have abandoned riches, and a solicitude about\nhuman concerns, they have also been liberated from bodily disease. So\nthat a certain state of the soul greatly contributes both to health\nand to the good of the whole body. And to this also, for the most\npart, a diminution of nutriment contributesā€¦ . And in this manner\nthose are affected, who are vehemently desirous of such nutriment, and\nthrough it are involved either in great expense, or in disease, or\nrepletion, or the privation of leisure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn short: remove stress and add \u003cem\u003eproper\u003c/em\u003e nutrients (while eliminating\nunhealthy nutrients) if one desires health. Just as vegans today appeal\nthe many examples of reversal of disease and of long-term health on a\nwhole foods, vegan and simplified (non-stressful) lifestyle, so too did\nPorphyry appeal to the same in his day.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExpanding on health and the role of reason, he says:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHence also, in simple and slender food, repletion is to be avoided,\nand every where we should consider what will be the consequence of the\npossession or enjoyment of it, what the magnitude of it is, and what\nmolestation of the flesh or of the soul it is capable of dissolving.\nFor we ought never to act indefinitely, but in things of this kind we\nshould employ a boundary and measure ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLater he touches on another aspect of health, explaining something many\nmodern vegans, particularly high carb raw vegans, have come to\nrecognize.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is also necessary to accustom the body to become alienated, as much\nas possible, from the pleasure of the satiety arising from luxurious\nfood, but not from the fullness produced by a slender diet, in order\nthat moderation may proceed through all things, and that what is\nnecessary, or what is most excellent, may fix a boundary to our diet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs many vegans come to recognize, there is an essential difference\nbetween the fulness of fruits and vegetables and the satiety and\nheaviness of consuming animal products. One essential challenge in\nadopting a vegan lifestyle is to let go of the unnatural desire for this\nheaviness, which we have unfortunately, through habit, come to crave and\nto mistake for fulness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, Porphyry relates the opinion of the priests of various\ntraditions who abstained from animal foods (see also history in Part 5).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor holy men were of opinion that purity consisted in a thing not\nbeing mingled with its contrary, and that mixture is defilement.\nHence, they thought that nutriment should be assumed from fruits, and\nnot from dead bodies, and that we should not, by introducing that\nwhich is animated [i.e. food from animals] to our nature, defile\nwhat is administered by nature. But they conceived, that the slaughter\nof animals, as they [animals] are sensitive, and the depriving them\nof their souls, is a defilement to the living; and that the pollution\nis much greater, to mingle a body which was once sensitive, but is now\ndeprived of sense, with a sensitive and living being.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ the mixture of dead with living bodies, and the insertion of beings\nthat were once living and sentient into animals, and of dead into\nliving flesh, may be reasonably supposed to introduce defilement and\nstains to our natureā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom this mingling, as we now know, arises all manner of physical\ndisease. But the problems resulting are not solely physical, as our\nmental state is likewise effected.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe soul [psyche], likewise, is polluted by anger and desire, and\nthe multitude of passions of which in a certain respect diet is a\nco-operating cause.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe consumption of animals, according to Porphyry, and supported by many\nothers in modern times, contributes to mental imbalances or pollutions\nthat manifest in all manner of human vice. The passions we associate\nwith the consumption of animal products also lends themselves to other\naspects of our lives, creating people in whom the irrational\nconsistently overshadows the rational. Their lives become dictated not\nby reason, nor by compassion or morality, but by their own limited\npassions and desires, the habits of consumption, etc..\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut purification consists in a separation from all these\n[defilements], and the wisdom which is adapted to divine concerns,\nis a desertion of every thing of this kind. The proper nutriment\nlikewise, of each thing, is that which essentially preserves itā€¦ . It\nis one thing, however, to nourish, and another to fatten; and one\nthing to impart what is necessary, and another to procure what is\nluxurious.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ the soul which administers its own affairs in a body that is dry, ā€¦\n[i.e.] is not moistened by the juices of foreign flesh, is in a more\nexcellent condition, is more uncorrupted, and is more prompt for\nintellectual energy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to feeding ourselves with the proper nutrients and avoiding\ndefiling ourselves through animal foods, it is important, Porphyry\nexplains, to also feed our minds through study and inner discipline.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHence, the nutriment of the rational soul is that which preserves it\nin a rational state. But this is intellect; so that it is to be\nnourished by intellect; and we should earnestly endeavour that it may\nbe fattened through this, rather than that the flesh may become\npinguid through esculent substancesā€¦ . the body when fattened causes\nthe soul to be famished, through its hunger after a blessed life not\nbeing satisfied, increases our mortal [irrational] part, since it is\nof itself insane, and impedes our attainment of an immortal condition\nof being. It likewise defiles by corporifying the soul, and drawing\nher down to that which is foreign to her nature.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe return once again, then, to the philosophy underlying Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s\narguments. The dragging down of the psyche into \u0026ldquo;foreign lands\u0026rdquo; - false\nideas, beliefs, as well as the resulting unhealthy and unsuitable\nbodies - is an inevitable result of \u0026ldquo;fattening\u0026rdquo; ourselves through\nimproper diet and lifestyle (both mental and physical). The rising up\ninto our true nature, our real self, the rational, reasoning mind, which\ngives rise to understanding, wisdom, compassion and morality is the\ninevitable result of living well, eating a proper diet physically and\nengaging our minds in a proper diet mentally. Health, Porphyry argues,\nalongside modern vegans, comes naturally and easily from the vegan\nlifestyle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAddressing the Epicurian\u0026rsquo;s fear-based positions, Porphyry argues:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is necessary however to preserve health; not by the fear of death,\nbut for the sake of not being impeded in the attainment of the good\nwhich is derived from contemplation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ he who fears to abstain from animal food, if he suffers himself to\nfeed on flesh through pleasure, is afraid of death. For immediately,\ntogether with a privation [lack] of such food, he conceives that\nsomething indefinitely dreadful will be present, the consequence of\nwhich will be death. But from these and similar causes, an insatiable\ndesire is produced of riches, possessions, and renown, together with\nan opinion that every good is increased with these in a greater extent\nof time, and the dread of death as of an infinite evil. The pleasure\nhowever which is produced through luxury, does not even approach to\nthat which is experienced by him who lives with frugality. For such a\none has great pleasure in thinking how little he requiresā€¦ . He will\nlikewise thus be truly rich, measuring wealth by a natural bound, and\nnot by vain opinions. Thus too, he will not depend on the hope of the\ngreatest pleasure, the existence of which is incredible, since this\nwould be most troublesome. But he will remain satisfied with his\npresent condition, and will not be anxious to live for a longer period\nof time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis goes straight to the point made earlier about the \u0026ldquo;inner garments\u0026rdquo;\nwe wear. The ideas and assumptions we live by will color many aspects of\nour lives. In this case, Porphyry explains how the mistaken idea that we\nneed animal products to survive may be associated with a fear of death\nthat intermingles with other areas of our life, thus informing and\namplifying our consumerist needs. In short, certain inner assumptions we\nhold may feed both our consumption of animal products and our overall\nconsumerism - the two being essentially the same type of activity, i.e.\nan attempt to ward off death and cling (fearfully) to life, attempting\nto extract as much as possible from it, an activity which is an unhealth\nof the soul [psyche], which manifests as unhealth in the body.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe find here the essential problem of the insatiability of human\ndesires - once certain passions are stirred up and amplified they tend\nto infect every aspect of our lives. Thus, the distorted assumption that\ndeath is to be feared and thus that life is to be frantically clung to\nlends itself to all manner of harmful consumptions, as the infected mind\nattempts to fill the imaginary void it has itself created.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Epicurians demonstrate by their arguments a preoccupation with fears\nof various kinds, basing their entire argument on the several imagined\ncalamities that will result if they change their ways. We may recall\ntheir summarizing statement that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ the destruction of every thing noxious [harmful], and the\npreservation of that which is subservient to its extermination,\nsimilarly contribute to a fearless life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut while the Epicurians keep themselves firmly imprisoned to their own\nfears,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe contemplative philosopher, however will invariably adopt a slender\ndiet. For he knows the particulars in which his bond consists, so that\nhe is not capable of desiring luxuries. Hence, being delighted with\nsimple food, he will not seek for animal nutriment, as if he was not\nsatisfied with a vegetable diet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the principle attributes of the philosopher is that of\ncontentment, directly antithetical to the ever-unsettled nature that\narises from fear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwo other Epicurian arguments are briefly addressed and dismissed and\npromptly dismissed by Porphyry.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAddressing the fallacy that animal populations would overrun the\nworld, he argues:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor if all men conceived rightly, there would be no need of fowlers,\nor hunters, or fishermen, or swineherds. But animals governing\nthemselves, and having no guardian and ruler, would quickly perish,\nand be destroyed by others, who would attack them and diminish their\nmultitude, as is found to be the case with myriads of animals on which\nmen do not feed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEcosystems have an in-built balance, which maintains itself through a\nmultiplicity of mechanisms, and contrary to human arrogance, it does not\nneed us to force it into balance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eArgument to the appeal to existing law:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe\u0026rsquo;ll remember that the Epicurian argument appealing to law was based on\nthe the idea that because the laws established for their society were\ndeemed to be just, that it must then follow that because those laws\ndon\u0026rsquo;t demand abstinence from animal foods, that animal consumption must\nbe right and just. To this absurdity, Porphyry argues that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ the law grants to the vulgar many other things (besides a fleshly\ndiet) ā€¦ [for example] the law does not forbid the vulgar from\nassociating with harlots ā€¦ but thinks that it is disgraceful and base\nfor men that are moderately good to have any connexion with them.\nMoreover, the law does not prohibit a man from spending the whole of\nhis life in a tavern, yet at the same time this is most disgraceful\neven to a man of moderate worth. It appears, therefore, that the same\nthing must also be said with respect to diet. For that which is\npermitted to the multitude, must not likewise be granted to the best\nof men.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese examples make it clear that the existing law doesn\u0026rsquo;t necessarily\nrepresent perfect morality, allowing for many things that are recognized\nas immoral, and likewise to things not yet recognized (by the\nmultitudes) as immoral. One underlying point is, of course, that no\nsystem of law is infallible, and appealing to fallible law to uphold\nimmorality is an incredibly weak argument, as has been demonstrated in\nthe many rights movements of our recent generations. Even if the current\nmultitudes imagine something to be just this in no way makes it just\n\u003cem\u003eper se\u003c/em\u003e. Appealing to law as justification, while ignoring inner\nmorality is to replace internal truths with static external structure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eArgument against the fallacy that eating plants is equal to eating\nanimals:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome one, however, perhaps may say, that we also take away something\nfrom plants [when we eat, and sacrifice them to the Gods]. But the\nablation is not similar; since we do not take this away from those who\nare unwilling that we should. For, if we omitted to gather them, they\nwould spontaneously drop their fruits. The gathering of the fruits,\nalso, is not attended with the destruction of the plants, as it is\nwhen animals lose their animating principle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA sound argument shared by modern fruitarians. Later, amid his\ndiscussion of reason and justice, Porphyry again addresses the fallacy:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ we do not extend justice to plants, because there appears to be much\nin them which is unconnected with reason; though of these, we are\naccustomed to use the fruits, but not together with the fruits to cut\noff the trunks. We collect however, corn and leguminous substances,\nwhen, being efflorescent, they have fallen on the earth, and are dead.\nBut no one uses for food the flesh of dead animals, that of fish being\nexcepted, unless they have been destroyed by violence. So that in\nthese things there is much injustice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe then makes a point that addresses itself both to the fallacy at hand\nand to several of his opponent\u0026rsquo;s arguments, returning to the theme of\nboth health and justice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs Plutarch also says, it does not follow that because our nature is\nindigent of certain things, and we use these, we should therefore act\nunjustly towards all things. For we are allowed to injure other things\nto a certain extent, in order to procure the necessary means of\nsubsistence (if to take any thing from plants, even while they are\nliving, is an injury to them); but to destroy other things through\nluxury, and for the enjoyment of pleasure, is perfectly savage and\nunjust. And the abstinence from these neither diminishes our life nor\nour living happily. For if, indeed, the destruction of animals and the\neating of flesh were as requisite as air and water, plants and fruits,\nwithout which it is impossible to live, this injustice would be\nnecessarily connected with our nature. But if many priests of the\nGods, and many kings of the barbarians, being attentive to purity, and\nif, likewise, infinite species of animals never taste food of this\nkind, yet live, and obtain their proper end according to nature, is\nnot he absurd who orders us, because we are compelled to wage war with\ncertain animals, not to live peaceably with those with whom it is\npossible to do so, but thinks, either that we ought to live without\nexercising justice towards any thing, or that, by exercising it\ntowards all things, we should not continue in existence?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis touches on a central foundation of the modern vegan movement,\nnamely the steady destruction of the myth that consuming animal products\nis necessary for either survival or health. As Porphyry says, and as\nmany of us rightly echo today, the proof that we do not need animals to\nsurvive, or thrive, is demonstrated by those who abstain and yet\nmaintain their health. In his day these were to be found chiefly among\nthe priests and philosophers (which we will discuss in part 5), but also\namong certain kings (as we saw in our investigation of Apollonius of\nTyana).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry also explains, as is the case with, for example, lettuce and\nother vegetables, that it is required to injure the plant \u0026ldquo;to a certain\nextent\u0026rdquo; in order to procure the food, but that this is a necessity of\nour nature, exactly as with any herbivore, and needed for our health (a\nbuilt-in aspect of our relation to the ecosystem), but that the injury\nof animals by humans is solely out of \u0026ldquo;luxury\u0026rdquo; and not necessity \\ a\ncentral argument of modern animal rights activists as well. In short: we\neat animals (and sacrifice them) \u003cem\u003eonly\u003c/em\u003e because we desire to, not\nbecause it is in any way necessary for our health (it is, in fact, a\ndetriment to it), and thus the practice is absolutely devoid of justice.\nAs Porphyry rightly observes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ he who acts in this manner through the acquisition of wealth, or\nthrough satiety or luxurious pleasure, and for the purpose of\nsatisfying desires which are not necessary, appears to be\ninhospitable, intemperate, and depraved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ to deliver animals to be slaughtered and cooked, and thus be filled\nwith murder, not for the sake of nutriment and satisfying the wants of\nnature, but making pleasure and gluttony the end of such conduct, is\ntranscendently iniquitous and dire.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReturning to the central issue of justice, we later read:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy admitting, therefore, that pleasure is the end (of our actions)\njustice is evidently destroyed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur treatment of animals, from Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s perspective, shared by modern\nvegans and animal rights activists, is that because there is no\nnecessity in harming animals, nor in consuming them, our choice to do so\nis seen to arise solely from our desire for the so-called benefits that\narise (gluttonist pleasure, corruption, greed, etc.). This complete and\nutter obeisance to the worst in us is therefore easily seen by any\nthinking, feeling person to be the very epitome of injustice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry further elucidates the distinction between animals and plants,\nthus:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ we do not say that one tree is more ignorant than another, as we say\nthat a sheep is more stupid than a dog. Nor do we say that one herb is\nmore timid than another, as we do that a stag is more timid than a\nlion. For, as in things which are immoveable [i.e. non-sentient],\none is not slower than another, and in things which are not vocal, one\nis not less vocal than another: thus, too, in all things in which the\npower of intellection is wanting, one thing cannot be said to be more\ntimid, more dull, or more intemperate than another. For, as these\nqualities are present differently in their different participants,\nthey produce in animals the diversities which we perceive.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd concluding the argument, Porphyry cuts straight to the central\npoint:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo compare plants ā€¦ with animals, is doing violence to the order of\nthings. For the latter are naturally sensitive, and adapted to feel\npain, to be terrified and hurt; on which account also they may be\ninjured. But the former are entirely destitute of sensation, and in\nconsequence of this, nothing foreign, or evil, or hurtful, or\ninjurious, can befall them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn short: it comes down to the ability to self-consciously experience\nsuffering. Animals are capable of this, as are humans. Plants are not.\nThe difference is evident to any who give this a modicum of rational\nthought.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eArgument against the opinion that animals were created with no other\npurpose than to be of use to humans:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[It] is considered by our opponents to be very probable, that the\nGods made us for the sake of themselves, and for the sake of each\nother, and that they made animals for the sake of us; horses, indeed,\nin order that they might assist us in battle, dogs, that they might\nhunt with us, and leopards, bears, and lions, for the sake of\nexercising our fortitude. But the hog ā€¦ was not made for any other\npurpose than to be sacrificed; and God mingled soul, as if it were\nsalt, with the flesh of this animal, that he might procure for us\nexcellent food. In order, likewise, that we might have an abundance of\nbroth, and luxurious suppers, divinity provided for us all-various\nkinds of shell- fish, the fishes called purples, sea-nettles, and the\nvarious kinds of winged animals; and this not from a certain other\ncause, but only that he might supply man with an exuberance of\npleasure; in so doing, surpassing all nurses [in kindness], and\nthickly filling with pleasures and enjoyments the terrestrial place.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis, sadly, is the position taken by many, if not the majority, of\nmonotheistic religionists even in our modern world, imagining that\n\u003cem\u003etheir\u003c/em\u003e God created all of this for our use and nothing more. The idea\nis, of course, to any thinking person, not only absurd, but disgusting\nand depraved. Porphyry gives his reply:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ if God fashioned animals for the use of men, in what do we use\nflies, lice, bats, beetles, scorpions, and vipers? of which some are\nodious to the sight, defile the touch, are intolerable to the smell,\nand in their voice dire and unpleasant; and others, on the contrary,\nare destructive to those that meet with them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd if our opponents should admit that all things were not generated\nfor us, and with a view to our advantage, in addition to the\ndistinction which they make being very confused and obscure, we shall\nnot avoid acting unjustly, in attacking and noxiously using those\nanimals which were not produced for our sake, but according to nature\n[i.e. for the sake of the universe], as we were.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA wonderful argument! If animals were created for our use, what of those\nthat we find no use in? And if we find no use in some animals, then it\nis unjust to destroy them, as then we are robbing them of their actual\npurpose, whatever that be. Based on his opponent\u0026rsquo;s position then\n(assuming, for the moment, that it were even remotely plausible), we can\nsurmise that we ought not kill any animal that we do not have a use for,\nwhich forces his opponents to admit to the justice in not killing the\nvast majority of animals. Continuing to use his opponent\u0026rsquo;s arguments\nagainst them, he makes the wonderful point:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ that if we define, by utility [i.e. the purpose of a thing],\nthings which pertain to us, we shall not be prevented from admitting,\nthat \u003cem\u003ewe\u003c/em\u003e were generated for the sake of the most destructive animals,\nsuch as crocodiles, balaenae, and dragons. For we are not in the least\nbenefited by them; but they seize and destroy men that fall in their\nway, and use them for food ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis opponents, it would seem, inadvertently place Man somewhere in the\nmiddle of the spectrum of utility, and not, as they would love to have\nit, at the pinnacle. Let any modern monotheistic religionist who takes\nup the position that animals were created for Man address these\narguments and escape without entangling themselves in their own twisted\nlogic!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ethose, however, who speak stupidly about these things, assert that\nanimals are neither delighted, nor enraged, nor terrified, nor make\nany provision for what is necessary, nor remember; but they say that\nthe bee as it were remembers, that the swallow as it were, provides\nwhat is requisite, that the lion is as it were angry, and that the\nstag is as it were afraid. And I know not what answer to give to those\nwho say that animals neither see nor hear, but see as it were, and as\nit were hear; that they do not utter vocal sounds, but as it were\nutter them; and that, in short, they do not live, but as it were live.\nFor he who is truly intelligent, will readily admit that these\nassertions are no more sane than the former, and are similarly\ndestitute of evidence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis addresses directly the religious sentiment that animals are devoid\nof \u003cem\u003esoul\u003c/em\u003e and thus do not \u003cem\u003elive\u003c/em\u003e as humans live, but are merely\nautomatons, seemingly exhibiting similarities to human emotions, reason,\netc.., but in reality only do so automatically and without individuality\nor mind (psyche, soul). It is, as Porphyry says, unfounded and illogical\nand \u0026ldquo;destitute of evidence\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe thus return to the concept of justice, as:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ this [that animals are automatons] to our opponents does not\nappear to be at all absurd. For as they admit that the love of parents\ntowards their offspring is the principle in us of association and\njustice; yet, though they perceive that this affection is abundant and\nstrong in animals, they nevertheless deny that they participate of\njustice ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis, as we can see, is entirely erroneous and irrational. There is no\nlogic in assuming that animals exhibit the same behavior as humans and\nyet somehow do not contain the same principles or faculties that are\nassociated with that behavior in humans. As argued earlier, animals\ndisplay a wide variety of sentient (rational, intelligent, reasoning)\ncapabilities, and thus must be concluded to be possessed of the same\nanimating principles, namely \u003cem\u003esoul\u003c/em\u003e or \u003cem\u003epsyche (mind)\u003c/em\u003e. Logic, however,\nseems to escape Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s opponents as widely as it escapes ours.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving summarized the secondary arguments weaved by Porphyry throughout\nhis essay, it remains yet to explore two related issues covered at\nlength in it, these being Animal Sacrifice and the dual history of both\nveganism and animal consumption. We will consider these, then, in our\nfinal section.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 id=\"part-5-on-sacrifice-and-history\" class=\"anchor-header\"\u003ePart 5: On Sacrifice and History \u003ca class=\"anchor-link\" href=\"#part-5-on-sacrifice-and-history\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"anchor-icon\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke=\"currentColor\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\n \u003cpath stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"/\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M10 14a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 0l4 -4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 -5l-.5 .5\" /\u003e\n \u003cpath d=\"M14 10a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 -5 0l-4 4a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 5 5l.5 -.5\" /\u003e\n\u003c/svg\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving covered the bulk of Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s arguments against the opponents of\nanimal rights and veganism, we will now take into consideration the\nsecond of his central arguments, which comprises a large portion of his\nessay. This argument, as we will see, is interwoven with Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s\ntreatment of the history of animal consumption and its counterpart,\nveganism. His examination of history is worth serious consideration, as\nit stands in contrast to conventional modern theories but in direct\ncorrelation with alternative theories put forward in recent years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAddressing the argument of the need to sacrifice animals to the gods\nand its relation to the consumption of animal products:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry speaks at length on the subject of sacrifice, but it will serve\nus best here to make a few selections as a summary. Prior to entering\ninto his argument, however, let us understand that while we may not\nactively sacrifice animals on the alters of religious institutions in\nour modern times, we are very far from abolishing the underlying\npractice. On the contrary, we have simply replaced religion with\nscience, and its gods with ourselves, having continued the practice of\nsacrifice under the name of vivisection and all manner of animal\ntesting. We sacrifice countless animals annually to ourselves, the\n\u0026lsquo;gods\u0026rsquo; of science, to please our own desires for knowledge, for\nmedicine, fashion and so on. Let us then, read the following with this\nin mind, and not detach ourselves from this portion of Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s essay\nby perceiving this to be solely an archaic practice. The act of\ncarelessly sacrificing animals, and its underlying brutality of thought,\nis alive and well in our day and needs to be fought as strongly as it\nwas in Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe argument Porphyry presents, opens with a little display of simple\nlogic to separate and target the issue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirstly,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ it does not follow because animals are slain that it is necessary to\neat them. Nor does he who admits the one, I mean that they should be\nslain, entirely prove that they should be eaten.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecondly,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ the laws permit us to defend ourselves against enemies who attack us\n[by killing them]; but it did not seem proper to these laws to grant\nthat we should eat them, as being a thing contrary to the nature of\nman.\u0026rdquo; And \u0026ldquo;ā€¦ it does not follow, that because it is proper to\nsacrifice certain animals to daemons, or Gods, or certain powers,\nthrough causes either known or unknown to men, it is therefore\nnecessary to feed on animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;For these things not being confused, but distinguished in a proper\nmanner, most of the opposing arguments will be found to be vain. For\nthe greater part of them endeavour to show, either that it is\nnecessary to slay animals, on account of the injuries sustained from\nthem, and it is assumed as a thing consequent, that it is proper to\neat them; or because animals are slain in sacrifices, it is inferred\nthat therefore they may be eaten by men. And again, if it is requisite\nto destroy certain animals, on account of their ferocity, it is\nconceived, that it must follow, that tame animals likewise ought to be\nslainā€¦ . all these inferences are bad, and are incapable of exhibiting\nany necessity for their adoption. And, indeed, that all of them are\nbad, will be immediately evident to men that are not contentious.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is important at the outset, that we separate the act of consuming\nan animal from the act of killing them (for whatever reasons we\nconceive). The two acts must be addressed individually, as one does not\nfollow from the other. In this way, we can easily see that the argument\nfor sacrificing animals, even if it were successful, in no way leads to\nthe conclusion that we ought to eat animals. However, as Porphyry will\nexplain, the two acts are related in their historical context.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, in moving forward from this logical separation, Porphyry proceeds to\ntrace the history of sacrifice, demonstrating that the original\nsacrifices made to the gods consisted of burning grasses, flowers,\nleaves, or by presenting fruits, cakes made of wheat, etc., but that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis mode ā€¦ of offering first-fruits in sacrifices, having, at length,\nproceeded to great illegality, the assumption of immolations, most\ndire and full of cruelty, was introduced; so that it would seem that\nthe execrations, which were formerly uttered against us, have now\nreceived their consummation, in consequence of men slaughtering\nanimals, and defiling altars with blood; and this commenced from that\nperiod in which mankind tasted of blood, through having experienced\nthe evils of famine and war.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReligious sacrifice, then, was not originally meant to consist of\nsomething as cruel the slaughtering of animals, this being only a later\ndevelopment, spawned by the trauma of human experience.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe sacrifice, therefore, through animals is posterior and most\nrecent, and originated from a cause which is not of a pleasing nature,\nlike that of the sacrifice from fruits, but received its commencement\neither from famine, or some other unfortunate circumstance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn terms of modern practices (vivisection, animal testing, etc.), we may\nlikewise say that scientific observation of animals began in their\nnatural environment and without injury to them, and only later did it\ndevolve into capturing, imprisoning, torturing, murdering and dissecting\nthem, as our \u003cem\u003ethirst\u003c/em\u003e for knowledge and power (over nature) overpowered\nour morality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe practice of sacrifice, according to Porphyry, began as a simple\nshowing of gratitude and respect for the gods (the embodiments of the\nforces of nature) - a basic act of thanking Mother Earth for supplying\nus with our needs - and only later was it degraded to the killing of\nanimals to please supposedly vengeful gods (imagined to be the cause of\nhuman plight). These sacrifices, Porphyry tells us,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ had their beginning, either in ignorance, or anger, or fearā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile this specific type of animal sacrifice (to the gods) is, as said,\nno longer a direct concern in our current societies (though its morphed\n\u0026lsquo;brother\u0026rsquo; is), what is of great important in Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s treatment of\nthis issue is his explanation of the history underlying animal\nsacrifice - and it is important because he traces not only the history\nof animal sacrifice, but the history of animal consumption itself. He\nbegins this by recounting specific instances of the first animal\nsacrifices, after which he concludes that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll of them however, are full of explanations that are not holy. But\nmost of them assign famine, and the injustice with which it is\nattended, as the cause. Hence men having tasted of animals, they\noffered them in sacrifice, as first- fruits, to the Gods; but prior to\nthis, they were accustomed to abstain from animal food.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere Porphyry agrees with several modern historians, taking the position\nthat the consumption of animal products is a relatively recent\nadaptation, and that humans were once \u0026ldquo;accustomed to abstaining from\nanimal food,\u0026rdquo; and he is clear on the cause of this transition to eating\nanimals:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ pestilence and war were the causes that introduced the necessity of\neating them [animals].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe must also recognize that even his opponent, Claudius, himself\nverified this tradition - that humanity was once accustomed to\nabstaining from animals (see Part 1, Claudius\u0026rsquo;s first argument).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, Porphyry relates:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ at first, indeed, sacrifices of fruits were made to the Gods; but,\nin the course of time, men becoming negligent of sanctity, in\nconsequence of fruits being scarce, and through the want of legitimate\nnutriment, being impelled to eat each other, then supplicating\ndivinity with many prayers, they first began to make oblations of\nthemselves to the Gods, not only consecrating to the divinities\nwhatever among their possessions was most beautiful, but, proceeding\nbeyond this, they sacrificed those of their own species.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe can imagine the process: the trauma and desperation of famine and\npestilence leading men to face the choice of death or such acts as\ncannibalism. This history (as we\u0026rsquo;ll discuss later) is pre-agricultural,\nwherein the skills to grow and harvest were not utilized, and given\nthat, according to Porphyry, they were \u0026ldquo;accustomed to abstaining from\nanimal foods\u0026rdquo; the skill of hunting was likewise absent, and thus in the\nadvent of famine humanity found themselves rather helpless.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo appreciate this process, the trauma of famine must be fully\nrecognized, understood and appreciated for its magnitude. The\npsychological effect of starvation, without the prospect of availability\nof food has, throughout human history, led to many terribly difficult\ndecisions, cannibalism among them. And according to Porphyry, with many\nhistorical records at his disposal that are unavailable today, humans\nwere first accustomed to abstaining from animal foods, but then faced\nthe trauma of famine, pestilence and war, which led some to adopt, out\nof desperation, the practice of sacrificing and eating each other.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProceeding therefore from hence, they made the bodies of other animals\nsupply the place of their own in sacrifices, and again, through a\nsatiety of legitimate nutriment, becoming oblivious of piety, they\nwere induced by voracity to leave nothing untasted, nothing\nun-devoured. And this is what now happens to all men with respect to\nthe aliment from fruits. For when, by the assumption of them, they\nhave alleviated their necessary indigence [need], then searching for\na superfluity of satiety, they labour to procure many things for food\nwhich are placed beyond the limits of temperance. Hence, as if they\nhad made no ignoble sacrifices to the Gods, they proceeded also to\ntaste the animals which they immolated; and from this, as a principle\nof the deed, the eating of animals became an addition to men to the\nnutriment derived from fruits.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo men began by sacrificing vegetation and \u0026ldquo;first-fruits\u0026rdquo; to the gods -\ni.e. they sacrificed that which they also ate - and when they began\neating animals (which started only as a response to pestilence, famine\nand war) they continued the habit of sacrificing that which they ate.\nBut more importantly, the consumption of animal products, while it\nstarted as a reaction to harsh conditions, became a habitual part of\nhuman life, even when conditions improved and fruits were again in\nplentiful supply.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom here, Porphyry cuts straight to the point of the issue, making his\nposition on animal sacrifice absolutely clear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut the most beautiful and honourable of those things, by which the\nGods benefit us, are the fruits of the earth. For through these they\npreserve us, and enable us to live legitimately; so that, from these\nwe ought to venerate them. Besides, it is requisite to sacrifice those\nthings by the sacrifice of which we shall not injure any oneā€¦ . if\nsomeone should say, that God gave animals for our use, no less than\nthe fruits of the earth, yet it does not follow that they are,\ntherefore, to be sacrificed, because in so doing they are injured,\nthrough being deprived of life. For sacrifice is, as the name implies,\nsomething holy. But no one is holy who requites a benefit from things\nwhich are the property of another ā€¦ for how can this be holy, when\nthose are injured from whom they are taken? ā€¦ In sacrifices,\ntherefore, we should abstain from animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom his arguments we can see that the sacrifice of animals is firstly\nnot holy or necessary, even from the perspective of one steeped in the\nholy life, as Porphyry was, and secondly that even if one does insist on\nthe practice of sacrificing animals (or killing them for any reason)\nthere is no logic in the sentiment that they then ought to be eaten.\nIndeed, he takes the position that the consumption of animal products\nbegan only as a response to imminent starvation and only later did it\nbecome habitual. Therefore, neither act, animal sacrifice or animal\nconsumption, need play a role among humanity, as both are artificial\nadditions to human life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn relation to modern practices we may say that the study of animals\nneed not include harm to any animal. In this case also \u0026ldquo;it is requisite\nto sacrifice [only] those things by the sacrifice of which we shall\nnot injure any one.\u0026rdquo; In seeking the abandonment of cruelty to any\nanimal, we must fully remove any injury resulting from scientific study\nas well as the practice of consumption.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry moves to an explanation of the proper substance to be\nsacrificed and the proper state of mind from which real sacrifice\nnaturally arises in the form of gratitude:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ the benefit derived from fruits is the first and the greatest of all\nothers, and which, as soon as they are matured, should alone be\noffered to the Gods, and to Earth, by whom they are produced. For she\nis the common Vesta of Gods and men; and it is requisite that all of\nus, reclining on her surface, as on the bosom of our mother and nurse,\nshould celebrate her divinity, and love her with a parental affection,\nas the source of our existence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is sacrifice: gratitude. It is an offering of our thanks to the\nEarth that sustains us and gives us life. As she supplies us with fruits\nfor our sustenance, it is fruits that constitute the most noble objects\nof our gratitude, being the symbol and source of our health and of our\nMother Earth\u0026rsquo;s love.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eArgument against the fallacy that consuming animal products is natural\nbecause all nations engage in it:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFollowing his arguments on sacrifice, Porphyry expands upon the history\nof veganism, which we will summarize here. He does not bother to\ndirectly counter the very obvious fallacy that because something is\ncustomary it is right, but simply illustrates that not all nations or\nindividuals do engage in the consumption of animal products, which in\nitself dismantles the fallacy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe begins:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ we shall confute the assertion of our opponents, that no wise man,\nnor any nation, has rejected animal food, as it leads those that hear\nit to great injustice, through the ignorance of true history ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd continues:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ we shall begin from the abstinence of certain nations, in the\nnarration of which, what is asserted of the Greeks will first claim\nour attention, as being the most allied to us, and the most\nappropriate of all the witnesses that can be adduced. Among those,\ntherefore, that have concisely, and at the same time accurately\ncollected an account of the affairs of the Greeks, is the Peripatetic\nDicaearchus, who, in narrating the pristine life of the Greeks, says,\nthe ancients, being generated with an alliance to the Gods, were\nnaturally most excellent, and led the best life; so that, when\ncompared to us of the present day, who consist of an adulterated and\nmost vile matter, they were thought to be a golden race; and they slew\nno animal whatever. The truth of this, he also says, is testified by\nthe poets, who denominate these ancients the golden race, and assert\nthat every good was present with them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe must again remember that Porphyry had many works available to him\nthat we no longer have, many of these having been destroyed by the\nbudding Christian Church in the centuries after his time. Our approach\nto Greek history is, therefore, almost surely lacking in comparison to\nthe history available to Porphyry. And while we explored, in a previous\nblog, the Orphics - the most ancient of philosophers of Greece - who\nwere known to have eaten no animal products, the prehistoric Greece\ndescribed here as the \u0026ldquo;golden age\u0026rdquo; would refer to far more distant eras,\nindeed, as we\u0026rsquo;ll see, to the \u003cem\u003epre- argricultural\u003c/em\u003e Greeks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll things, therefore, are very properly said to have been then [in\nPrehistoric Greece] spontaneously produced; for men did not procure\nany thing by labour, because they were unacquainted with the\nagricultural art, and, in short, had no knowledge of any other art.\nThis very thing, likewise, was the cause of their leading a life of\nleisure, free from labours and care; and if it is proper to assent to\nthe decision of the most skilful and elegant of physicians, it was\nalso the cause of their being liberated from diseaseā€¦ . For they\nneither assumed such food as was stronger than the nature of the body\ncould bear, but such as could be vanquished by the corporeal nature,\nnor more than was moderate, on account of the facility of procuring it\nā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoreover, there were neither any wars among them, nor seditions with\neach other. For no reward of contention worth mentioning was proposed\nas an incentive, for the sake of which some one might be induced to\nengage in such dissensions. So that the principal thing in that life\nwas leisure and rest from necessary occupations, together with health,\npeace, and friendship.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTruly a picture of Eden, corresponding to many other versions of\nprehistoric humanity found throughout religious and ancient philosophic\nliterature. And, parallel to other traditions, Porphyry then recounts\nthe \u0026ldquo;fall\u0026rdquo; from this condition:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut to those in after times, who, through aspiring after things which\ngreatly exceeded mediocrity, fell into many evils, this pristine life\nbecame, as it was reasonable to suppose it would, desirable ā€¦ A\npastoral life succeeded to this, in which men procured for themselves\nsuperfluous possessions, and meddled with animals. For, perceiving\nthat some of them were innoxious [harmless], but others malefic and\nsavage, they tamed the former, but attacked the latter. At the same\ntime, together with this life, war was introduced. And these things,\nsays Dicaearchus, are not asserted by us, but by those who have\nhistorically discussed a multitude of particulars. For, as possessions\nwere now of such a magnitude as to merit attention, some ambitiously\nendeavoured to obtain them, by collecting them (for their own use),\nand calling on others to do the same, but others directed their\nattention to the preservation of them when collected. Time, therefore,\nthus gradually proceeding, and men always directing their attention to\nwhat appeared to be useful, they at length became conversant with the\nthird, and agricultural form of life.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe historical documents Porphyry had at his disposal seem to have been\nquite clear on this process, notwithstanding modern theories. Those\ndocuments give light to the idea that animal consumption is a recent\naddition to human life, and thus unnatural and capable of being\ndiscarded.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd this [history] is what is said by Dicaearchus, in his narration\nof the manners of the ancient Greeks, and the blessed life which they\nthen led, to which abstinence from animal food contributed, no less\nthan other things. Hence, at that period there was no war, because\ninjustice was exterminated. But afterward, together with injustice\ntowards animals, war was introduced among men, and the endeavour to\nsurpass each other in amplitude of possessions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe can certainly see the logic in these assertions. Infant human\ncivilization undoubtedly had less possessions in much narrower variety;\nthere is no indication of war among \u0026ldquo;pre-civilization\u0026rdquo; humanity - war\ngoing hand in hand with both the increase of possession and the\naccompanying desire for more (i.e. the \u0026ldquo;attempts to fill a perforated\nvessel\u0026rdquo; from Part 2). Indeed, Porphyry is clear that, according to these\nhistorical records:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ together with the slaughter of animals, war and injustice were\nintroduced.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is, according to this history a correlation and commonality in the\nadoption of cruelty to animals and the adoption of war and a consumerist\nmentality. And, if we reflect on the sound philosophy underlying\nPorphyry\u0026rsquo;s arguments, we can see clearly why these things correlate with\none another.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoving on from the ancient Greeks, Porphyry then recounts a portion of\nthe history of Lacedaemonia (Laconia, Sparta).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHence, this [the relation of possessions, slaughter of animals, war\nand injustice] being afterwards perceived by the Lacedaemonian\nLycurgus, though the eating of animals then prevailed, yet he so\narranged his polity, as to render food of this kind requisite in the\nsmallest degree. For the allotted property of each individual did not\nconsist in herds of oxen, flocks of sheep, or an abundance of goats,\nhorses, and money, but in the possession of land, which might produce\nfor a man seventy medimni of barley, and for a woman twelve, and the\nquantity of liquid fruits in the same proportion. For he thought that\nthis quantity of nutriment was sufficient to procure a good habit of\nbody and health, nothing else to obtain these being requisite.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe further explains how this leader created policies to lessen the\nnegative effects that he had observed in the \u0026ldquo;fall\u0026rdquo; into vice throughout\nand surrounding his region, and that this led to a most peaceful, frugal\nand temperate kingdom.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs the exploitation and consumption of animals became more and more\ningrained into society, we see that veganism and animal rights became\nincreasingly relegated to the priests and priestly organizations.\nPorphyry relates several of these bodies of holy men in regards to their\nabstinence of animal foods, wherein the degrees of initiation into such\na life were often accompanied by increased abstinence, such that the\nhigher degrees absolute veganism was demanded.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe speaks at length on the Egyptian priests and their strict lifestyle,\nsaying that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ they were studious of frugality in their diet and apparel, and also\nof continence and endurance, and in all things were attentive to\njustice and equity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ they abstained from all the fish that was caught in Egypt, and from\nsuch quadrupeds as had solid, or many-fissured hoofs, and from such as\nwere not horned; and likewise from all such birds as were carnivorous.\nMany of them, however, entirely abstained from all animals; and in\npurifications this abstinence was adopted by all of them, for then\nthey did not even eat an egg.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe get a sense here then, that even during times when animal consumption\nwas common, there were orders of men, considered by the Platonist\nphilosophers to be of great wisdom, who practiced varying levels of\nvegetarian and even vegan lifestyles. He relates that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ though they neither exercised themselves in walking or riding, yet\nthey lived free from disease, and were sufficiently strong for the\nendurance of modern labours. They bore therefore many burdens in the\nperformance of sacred operations, and accomplished many ministrant\nworks, which required more than common strength.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, he relates that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ the Egyptian priests, through the proficiency which they made by\nthis exercise [of their lifestyle], and similitude to divinity, knew\nthat divinity [the Good] does not pervade through man alone, and\nthat soul [psyche] is not enshrined in man alone on the earth, but\nthat it nearly passes through all animals. On this account, in\nfashioning the images of the Gods, they assumed every animal, and for\nthis purpose mixed together the human form and the forms of wild\nbeasts, and again the bodies of birds with the body of a manā€¦ For they\nvenerated the power of God which extends to all things through animals\nwhich are nurtured togetherā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn unlearned man, however, does not even suspect that they [the\npriests], not being borne along with the stream of the vulgar who\nknow nothing, and not walking in the path of ignorance, but passing\nbeyond the illiterate multitude, and that want of knowledge which\nbefalls every one at first, were led to reverence things which are\nthought by the vulgar to be of no worth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThus, while the multitudes fell into all manner of depraved living,\nseeing animals (among other things) as of no inherent worth (except as\nof utility to Man), the proper and natural human lifestyle and diet\nremained among the wise, who continued to hold much reverence for\nanimals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother example given of those who abstained from animal foods is the\nEssenes, which account Porphyry bases on the historian Josephus. The\nEssenes, however, in Porphyry\u0026rsquo;s account, abstained from certain animals,\nbut not entirely from animal products.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe moves on:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFarther still, it is likewise related that the Syrians formerly\nabstained from animals, and, on this account, did not sacrifice them\nto the Gods; but that afterwards they sacrificed them, for the purpose\nof averting certain evils; yet they did not at all admit of a fleshly\ndiet.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe then relates how the Syrians devolved into the practices of both\nanimal sacrifice and animal consumption, along the same general outline\nas covered in his general history.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoving eastward, he touches on the Magi among the Persians.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEubulus ā€¦ wrote the history of Mithra, in a treatise consisting of\nmany books. In this work he says, that the first and most learned\nclass of the Magi neither eat nor slay any thing animated, but adhere\nto the ancient abstinence from animals. The second class use some\nanimals indeed [for food], but do not slay any that are tame. Nor do\nthose of the third class, similarly with other men, lay their hands on\nall animals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePorphyry continues to India, where, like Apollonius before him, he\ncredits the tradition of the Brahmins as including no animal foods. The\naverage Bramins, however, may be said to be vegetarians, not necessarily\nvegans, as many (though not all) of them condone the consumption of\nmilk. Porphyry relates:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Bramin ā€¦ is not a subject of any government, nor does he contribute\nany thing together with others to government. And with respect to\nthose that are philosophers, among these some dwell on mountains, and\nothers about the river Ganges. And those that live on mountains feed\non autumnal fruits, and on cows\u0026rsquo; milk coagulated with herbs. But those\nthat reside near the Ganges, live also on autumnal fruits, which are\nproduced in abundance about that river. The land likewise nearly\nalways bears new fruit, together with much rice, which grows\nspontaneously, and which they use when there is a deficiency of\nautumnal fruits. But to taste of any other nutriment, or, in short, to\ntouch animal food, is considered by them as equivalent to extreme\nimpurity and impiety.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving completed a brief and basic survey of several vegan and\nvegetarian men and groups, Porphyry describes that the common groups of\nnomads, etc., that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ were brought to the necessity of eating animals through the\ninfecundity of the region they inhabit, which is so barren, that it\ndoes not even produce herbs, but only shores and sands. And this\nnecessity is indicated by their not being able to make use of fire,\nthrough the want of combustible materials; but they dry their fish on\nrocks, or on the shore. And these indeed live after this manner from\nnecessity. There are, however, certain nations whose manners are\nrustic, and who are naturally savage; but it is not fit that those who\nare equitable judges should, from such instances as these, calumniate\nhuman nature ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is not fitting of those of us who are \u0026ldquo;equitable judges\u0026rdquo; (of what is\nright and wrong) to imagine that because some peoples, either out of\nnecessity or savagery, consume animal products, that we also ought to do\nso. On the contrary, as many of the wisest men among humanity have\nmaintained, even while the multitudes continued their unjust practices,\nwe must follow our own sense of reason, compassion and justice and to do\nwhat we know, in our hearts, is rightful to do. As Porphyry says:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ he who is perfectly legal and pious ought to abstain from all\nanimals. For if some who are only partially pious abstain from certain\nanimals, he who is in every respect pious will abstain from all\nanimals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd this is the stance of modern vegans. We have come to recognize that\ntrue justice must be extended to all sentient beings, that to be\n\u0026ldquo;perfectly legal and pious\u0026rdquo; is to abstain from causing harm to any of\nour kin, and we have learned that animals are our kin. Indeed, we agree\nwith Porphyry when he asks:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eā€¦ how is it possible not to lament the condition of the generality of\nmankind, who are so involved in darkness as to cherish their own evil,\nand who, in the first place, hate themselves, and him who truly begot\nthem, and afterwards, those who admonish them, and call on them to\nreturn from ebriety to a sober condition of being?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe too can but lament this condition, wherein the most depraved vices\nrule our actions, wherein humanity demonstrates itself to be so full of\nhatred and cruelty. And we agree with that great mind who first\nenvisioned the existence of the atom, for:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDemocrates says, that to live badly, and not prudently, temperately,\nand piously, is not to live in reality, but to die for a long time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe, however, wish to live, to truly live, and to be truly human. We wish\nto be reasonable, rational, intelligent and compassionate beings, and it\nis this wish that underlies our veganism and our action as animal rights\nactivists. We wish to walk the age-old path of the philosopher, to rise\ninto our truest self, thus embody all that is \u003cem\u003egood\u003c/em\u003e , all that is\n\u003cem\u003edivine\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs vegans, our closest kindreds in human history are to be found among\nthe (oft concealed) wise ones of every age and region, among the\nphilosophers and spiritually minded, who despite the fall of the\nmultitudes into unpardonable sin, continued to \u0026ldquo;adhere to the ancient\nabstinence from animals.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere have been vegans and animal rights activists throughout human\nhistory, Porphyry (and his predecessors) among them. But while these\nhave for long centuries been relegated to the few, before us today\nstands the opportunity to rescue the most natural and just lifestyle\nfrom the hidden corners of humanity and restore it to its rightful place\namong the majority. Porphyry used all the means available to him to\ndefend the animals in his day, and it is our duty to do the same in\nours.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "Ancient Vegans the Orphics and the Hymn to Health", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:54-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jon-fergus/ancient-vegans-the-orphics-and-the-hymn-to-health/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/jon-fergus/ancient-vegans-the-orphics-and-the-hymn-to-health/", "authors": [ { "name": "Jon Fergus" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eOrpheus charming wild animals with his music\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTo Health\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eO Much-desir\u0026rsquo;d, prolific, gen\u0026rsquo;ral queen,\u003cbr\u003e\nHear me, life-bearing, Health, of beauteous mien,\u003cbr\u003e\nMother of all; by thee diseases dire,\u003cbr\u003e\nOf bliss destructive, from our life retire;\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd ev\u0026rsquo;ry house is flourishing and fair,\u003cbr\u003e\nIf with rejoicing aspect thou art there:\u003cbr\u003e\nEach daedal art, thy vig\u0026rsquo;rous force inspires,\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd all the world thy helping hand desires;\u003cbr\u003e\nPluto life\u0026rsquo;s bane alone resists thy will,\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd ever hates thy all-preserving skill.\u003cbr\u003e\nO fertile queen, from thee forever flows\u003cbr\u003e\nTo mortal life from agony repose;\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd men without thy all-sustaining ease,\u003cbr\u003e\nFind nothing useful, nothing form\u0026rsquo;d to please;\u003cbr\u003e\nWithout thy aid, not Plutus\u0026rsquo; self can thrive,\u003cbr\u003e\nNor man to much afflicted age arrive;\u003cbr\u003e\nFor thou alone of countenance serene,\u003cbr\u003e\nDost govern all things, universal queen.\u003cbr\u003e\nAssist thy mystics with propitious mind,\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd far avert disease of ev\u0026rsquo;ry kind.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe composition of this wonderful hymn is credited to Orpheus, the\nlegendary ancient Greek philosopher/teacher who lived in prehistoric\ntimes. Little is historically known of him, but what is certain is that\nhe was an influential teacher/philosopher of prehistoric Greek culture,\nfounding the first \u003cem\u003eMysteries in Greece\u003c/em\u003e. It is said that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;The Orphics had been the first philosophers of Greece and the spiritual\nancestors of the Pythagorean and Platonic schools, renowned for\nasceticism and for belief in the immortality of the soul.\u0026rdquo;\n(\u003ca href=\"https://6e1cf6feb01bb13df8b2-8eefe63bc367089bf5080f150aeb98c7.ssl.cf5.rackcdn.com/ONLINE_11_Godwin.pdf\"\u003eref\u003c/a\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis asceticism was, it seems, among the first of its kind on European\nsoil. It is also said that:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;the Orphic Brotherhood ate no animal food and wore white linen\ngarments, and had many ceremonies like those of the Brahmans.\u0026rdquo; -\n\u003cem\u003eTheosophical Glossary\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand elsewhere that they were, at the very least, vegetarian(1).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Hymn to Health is found among the surviving \u003cem\u003eHymns of Orpheus\u003c/em\u003e. The\nvery fact that Orpheus (and/or his followers) saw fit to include it\namong the Hymns (a central guiding text for Orphics) demonstrates the\nimportance of health in the Orphic Life. Indeed, in the very hymn itself\nwe find the thought that without health, one will \u0026ldquo;Find nothing useful,\nnothing form\u0026rsquo;d to please\u0026rdquo;, that \u0026ldquo;Without thy aid, not Plutus\u0026rsquo; [the God\nof Wealth] self can thrive\u0026rdquo; (i.e. without health, wealth is useless),\nand that health \u0026ldquo;Dost govern all things.\u0026rdquo; Furthermore, they close the\nhymn with a call on health to \u0026ldquo;Assist thy mystics with propitious mind\u0026rdquo;,\ndemonstrating that they considered health to be quite important to the\nphilosophical or mystic mind. Combining these sentiments with their\nasceticism and vegetarianism/veganism indicates that such a diet must\nhave been considered by them to be healthy, for if health is of such\nimportance, surely the lifestyle associated with their movement would\u0026rsquo;ve\nbeen that which they understood to bring such health.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs described in a previous blog on the life of \u003cem\u003eApollonius of Tyana\u003c/em\u003e\n(see \u003ca href=\"http://towardsfreedom.com/iwrters/jon-fergus/ancient-vegans-appolonius/\"\u003eAncient Vegans:\nAppolonius\u003c/a\u003e,\nthe veganism of Apollonius is claimed to have originated in India among\nthe Brahmans, from where it was taught to the Egyptians and on to\nPythagoras and the Greeks. Orpheus, however, predates Pythagoras by\nperhaps many centuries. Western history recognizes him as being already\nhistorically famous in the 6th Century BC, while there are eastern\ntraditions that equate Orpheus with Arjuna(2), who in this tradition is\nsaid to have traveled the world teaching wisdom and sciences and\nestablishing \u0026ldquo;mystery schools\u0026rdquo;, thus placing Orpheus at the time of\nKrishna, who, tradition holds, died in 3102 BC. The latter tradition\nwould, of course, reinforce Apollonius\u0026rsquo;s belief that the life he devoted\nhimself to had its origins in India, bit in either case (and we may\nnever know the truth of it), the antiquity is very great.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is of primary importance is that we find the \u003cem\u003eimportance of health\ncombined with vegetarianism/veganism\u003c/em\u003e among the first\nphilosophers/thinkers at the very foundations of Greek, and thus\nwestern, culture. This cannot be understated, that the first thinkers of\nwestern culture, as we know it, practiced vegetarianism/veganism and\nunderstood it to be healthy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNotes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1) In ancient works the term vegetarian may have meant the same as\nwhat we call veganism, as in the cases of Apollonius and Pythagoras, but\nmay perhaps mean similar to what we term vegetarian, as is often the\ncase in ancient India, where milk was still consumed. It becomes\ndifficult, without clear indications, to determine the extent various\nancient\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;vegetarianism\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) Indeed, elements of their stories are starkly similar, including\nthat both are said to have gone to the \u0026ldquo;Underworld\u0026rdquo; (Hades or Patala) in\norder to find/retrieve their wife. Also, it is said that Orpheus \u0026ldquo;was\nconsidered dark in complexion even by the Greeks, who were never very\nfairskinned themselves\u0026rdquo; (Theosophical Glossary), which may perhaps add\nsome credit to the tradition. Furthermore, Arjuna, along with his\nPandava brothers is said to have been sent into exile from their Indian\nkingdom for 13 years (during which they traveled far and wide), and it\nis reported that during that exile Arjuna learned and taught song and\ndance (Orpheus is known as a great teacher of music). These similarities\nmay lend credence to the eastern tradition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor more on The Orphics, go to the Rosicrucan site\u0026rsquo;s \u003ca href=\"https://www.rosicrucian.org/rosicrucian-digest-orphic\"\u003eThe Orphic\nMysteries\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "A Chess Story", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:53-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:53-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/a-chess-story/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/prad/a-chess-story/", "authors": [ { "name": "prad" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThis story was initially conceived by Sangeeta as a present for a\nfriend (who never got around to seeing it), but was written largely by\nprad many years ago. Sangeeta will be illustrating it sometime in the\nnext several decades. If you know your chess or your life, you are\nwelcome to play it out.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLight shines in and there was a deep grumbling throughout the box ā€¦\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Do we have to get up?\u0026rdquo; cried one of the contents.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Oh stop being so cranky,\u0026rdquo; the Queen scolded. \u0026ldquo;We have work to do. The\nbattle is awaiting.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;What battle?\u0026rdquo; mumbled the King, \u0026ldquo;I don\u0026rsquo;t see a threat.\u0026rdquo; And then once\nagain he fell sound asleep.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;You\u0026rsquo;re an embarrassment to Kings, past, present and future!\u0026rdquo; yelled the\nqueen. All the pieces froze when they heard the shrill of her voice.\nThey peeked over their resting places to see the Queen pushing the King\nout.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;All you do is hang around like a piece of deadwood in the middle!\u0026rdquo; she\ncontinued.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Yes dear, but dear ā€¦\u0026rdquo; pleaded the King.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eShe cut him off though: \u0026ldquo;until things get rough and then you go hide in\nthe corner!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCeewon Bishop chuckled as he got up and lent a hand to Effwon Bishop.\nThey were great friends known for their slanted sense of humor, yet they\nwere respected for their strength and swiftness of attack. One was\nassigned to the Queen and the other to the King, but neither was ever\nsure who was going to whom. What they were sure about though was that\nthey had a lot of fun together.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Knights galloped dutifully onto the board, and snorted out a loud,\n\u0026ldquo;Neighhhh!\u0026rdquo; which startled the Pawns and sent them into a flurry. They\nall just scrambled up to the board scurrying around here and there\ntrying to find a place to stand. Every now and then, one of them would\nbump into a rather large round wall at the corners of the board and\napologetically squeal \u0026ldquo;So sorry! Pardon me. Pardon me. Forgive me\u0026rdquo;. The\nround walls never seemed to pay any attention and merely continued being\nround, but the Pawns kept looking up at them and feared the worst.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow it is time to meet our hero for this story, a quiet unassuming Pawn\nnamed Beetoo. He was considered a pawn of the lowest order - a next to\nthe edge Pawn on the Queenside at that! You see Pawns are known for\ntheir straightforwardness, and not much else. They are small and meek,\nthey are the disposable ones, the least appreciated and the most pushed\naround. Even so, the center Pawns have a special importance because they\nare central. The Kingside Pawns sometimes have status because sometimes\nthey are called on to protect the King! The Pawns on the edge live close\nto a castle - that\u0026rsquo;s the round wall they kept bumping into because they\nwere too sleepy to watch where they were going earlier. (About castles,\nby the way, you should know that they are made of rocks, but sometimes\nthe \u0026lsquo;c\u0026rsquo; looks like an \u0026lsquo;o\u0026rsquo; if the typesetting is not too good which it\nusually isn\u0026rsquo;t and hence they acquired the misnomer of Rooks rather than\nrocks as should be evident to anyone.)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, poor Beetoo wasn\u0026rsquo;t central, wasn\u0026rsquo;t recognized for protecting\nthe King (except only a little bit on fairly rare occasions) and though\nhe hung around across the way from a castle, he really didn\u0026rsquo;t feel\nparticularly near to it. Furthermore, he had this rather fierce-looking\nhorse behind him continuously snorting and it gave him the shivers! To\nmake matters worse, suddenly he was thrust forward two squares right out\ninto the open!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo as you can see, Beetoo was understandably not a happy Pawn at all. He\nwas also worried. He had seen that it was the Pawns who were sent out\nfirst, while all the while the larger and powerful pieces sat around and\nlet his kind be slaughtered one by one. The small Pawns had little\nmobility and therefore were almost helpless amidst the onslaught of\nattack. He was afraid, but even more he was furious at the lack of\nconcern shown for Pawns. You see Beetoo was a thoughtful Pawn, a Pawn\nwith hopes and dreams and vision.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, right now nearly halfway up the board, Beetoo\u0026rsquo;s vision saw only\none thing - the menacing glare of a black Bishop hungrily eyeing him.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;This is the end,\u0026rdquo; he thought as he closed his eyes, bracing himself for\nthe attack ā€¦ but the attack didn\u0026rsquo;t come. Breathing a slight sigh of\nrelief, he looked around and to his surprise he saw Ceewon Bishop\nwinking rather diagonally at him with a huge smirk on his face.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Hey just let that fatso black bishop Effate gobble you up, eh.\u0026rdquo; Ceewon\nshouted with a strangely Canajian accent. \u0026ldquo;Go\u0026rsquo;on I dare him to. Eh\neverybody! Wanna know how come Effate is a fatso, eh? It\u0026rsquo;s because like\nhe ate too much! Ha! Ha! Get it? He ate too much! \u0026quot;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Whose side is that maniac on anyway?\u0026rdquo; worried Beetoo \u0026ldquo;he\u0026rsquo;s going to get\nme killed!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFatso, I mean, Effate became even blacker with rage! He twirled and\nturned. He stomped and steamed. He started charging towards poor Beetoo\nwho was now sure he was a goner. However, Effate stopped after moving\ntwo squares. He did not come any closer to Beetoo and he certainly did\nnot dare take him out while Ceewon Bishop was guarding him.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo Beetoo breathed a sigh of relief and felt a little better for now at\nany rate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuddenly, someone yelled \u0026ldquo;Look out Beetoo!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;What! Where! Help!\u0026rdquo; cried Beetoo. Indeed Beetoo had something to be\nconcerned about for looming in front of him and a bit to his right a\nfierce black Knight had taken up position! It was terrible. The Knight\nsnorted (as they all do, after all, you would too if you had nostrils\nlike theirs) and was posturing himself for a fatal leap.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeetoo looked back at Ceewon Bishop pleading for help.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Hey sorry bub!\u0026rdquo; shrugged Ceewon, \u0026ldquo;Think you have a bit of a problem\nhere. Yup. No doubt about it. Can\u0026rsquo;t help you. How about you Effwon?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Nope not me\u0026rdquo; responded Effwon Bishop \u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;m a little off color. Ha! Ha!\nGet it?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Ha! Ha!\u0026rdquo; laughed Ceewon. \u0026ldquo;I get it! Ha! Ha! Hey Effwon what say you and\nI go and do that I AM Canajian thing and get sloshed? Then we\u0026rsquo;ll both\nbishopsloshed? Ha! Ha! Ha! Get it?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Idiots!\u0026rdquo; thundered the Queen! \u0026ldquo;You\u0026rsquo;re both so stupid you don\u0026rsquo;t even\nneed to get drunk to prove it!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell! That silenced the Bishops completely for several days - it may\nhave even stopped their alcoholic leniencies. The King, himself, was so\nunnerved that he started tipping round and round and would have fallen\nin resignation had he not grabbed hold of a nearby Pawn to keep his\nbalance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeeing the gravity of the situation, the Queen ordered her Rook to kick\nthe Pawn in front up a square. That had a tremendous effect on the black\narmy as they suddenly became silent, as happens whenever you feel you\nhave lost something you thought you had, but never really did.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs if inspired by this turn in events, the white Knights pranced around.\nThough Beetoo was relieved, it seemed to him that the Knights were\nshowing off, displaying their immense powers, their strength, how well\nthey danced. He was not impressed with this \u0026lsquo;chivalry\u0026rsquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Pawns are simple pieces,\u0026rdquo; he thought. \u0026ldquo;We don\u0026rsquo;t ask for much and we\ndon\u0026rsquo;t carry on much. Yet, our value is not recognized in this\nbattlefield. This is how it always is, the meek are seen as things to\nthrow away, as the battle is waged by the flamboyant. We pawns humbly\naccept our roles, but I am tired of being treated like a lesser piece.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs he was having these thoughts, there was a sudden commotion!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;What is she doing! Don\u0026rsquo;t let her do it!\u0026rdquo; Even the King cried out, \u0026ldquo;Stop\nmy dear - please, don\u0026rsquo;t do it!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Queen was charging into the enemy ranks right in front of Beetoo.\nWith a piercing shriek she delivered her war cry, \u0026ldquo;Remember the Dharma!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Don\u0026rsquo;t you mean the Alamo, my dear\u0026rdquo; squealed the King as he covered his\neyes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Queen fell into the enemy camp with a vengeance, ripping a huge hole\nin their lines. The white camp was incredulous and there was total\nconfusion in the black camp. No one knew what to do.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo one that is except Beetoo. He suddenly understood what the Queen\nsacrifice meant.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Come on everyone! Push forward! Push forward! Don\u0026rsquo;t let her sacrifice\nbe in vain. Remember the Dharma! Remember the Dharma!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Don\u0026rsquo;t you mean the Alamo\u0026rdquo; the King asked again scratching his rather\nponderous crown this time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;No my liege\u0026rdquo; called Beetoo from far away. \u0026ldquo;This is our Dharma. It is\nwhat makes us who we are, no matter what we may appear to be. Through it\nwe shape our destiny. My selfless Queen has shown us the way and I will\nnot fail her! Press on! Push forward! Live your Dharma!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd Beetoo pushed on! To the 5th rank, then the 6th. The recoiling black\narmy recovered sufficiently to resist, but his friends were following\nhim now, supporting him, fending off the resistance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow the 7th rank! Even the King got excited and took a few paces forward\nensuring there wouldn\u0026rsquo;t be an attack from the rear.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA final surge and Beetoo had made it to the 8th rank!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHe stood there alone, both armies looking on in silence.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;What now?\u0026rdquo; he wondered, \u0026ldquo;I am here, but where is that?\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo his amazement, his Queen appeared in crystal radiance, beyond the\nblack and white of day to day affairs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;You are here, Beetoo\u0026rdquo; she said kindly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Yes my Queen and always ready to serve you\u0026rdquo; said Beetoo bowing low.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026ldquo;Not to serve me, noble little one - but to serve Dharma which is the\nsame for all of us, though many try so hard to deny it. So little one,\nbe whoever you are and most of all be true.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd with that she evanesced into the air.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo what of Beetoo and his companions? Suffice to say that I can tell you\nno more than this, as it is only proper:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the end of a story is here,\u003cbr\u003e\nA new beginning is always nearā€¦\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "A Snake Called Phatlington", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:53-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:53-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/garth-harvey/a-snake-called-phatlington/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/garth-harvey/a-snake-called-phatlington/", "authors": [ { "name": "Garth Harvey" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eIn a village where streets were named for trees, former residents that\nthe villagers chose to honour, and some romantic names, there lived a\nfamily, father, mother and son who were a little eccentric even for\npeople who chose to live on an island.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey really believed that each living thing had a right to its life\nand merited respect. Their house reflected this belief; a couple of\nbirds, a rabbit, a guinea pig, two dogs and a cat all shared the same\nrooms. It was truly a multicultural household. Only the parents\u0026rsquo; bed\nwas off limits to some of the critters - a barricade had to be built\nto keep the rabbit out because he seemed to like the smell of the wood\nshaving mattress for his bathroom.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe yard reflected the right-to-live attitude of the family. Thistles\ngrew tall, wild flowers flourished, many kinds of grasses and Forbes\nthrived, as did the insects and other small life forms. The thick damp\ngrass and many insects was very popular with the local population of\ngarter snakes. And this is where our story begins.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlthough I do not like to begin a story with a tragic event, this is\nwhat I have to do, as it seems that a small garter snake had had an\naccident or some unknown misfortune that severely bruised its body and\ndamaged it right eye. Its plight was discovered by the boy when he\nnoticed his dog, Jumpr, being very very interested in rather feeble\nmovements in the long grass. Knowing Jumpr\u0026rsquo;s habit of handling things,\nsometime with undue caution, the boy rushed over to check out Jumpr\u0026rsquo;s\ncurrent interest. And there, rolled into a bundle, the way helpless\nsnakes try to protect themselves, was this injured reptile. No questions\nasked, it had to be rescued.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe snake, later to be named Phatlington, was placed in an aquarium with\ngrass and a light bulb to keep it warm. This was placed in a small room\nin the basement where the boy did his scientific investigations. Then he\nwent to the Internet to read up on garter snakes, and this was the\nbeginning of a long and very interesting investigation. First he learned\nthat snakes like a bath and swim. So one of his mother\u0026rsquo;s rectangular\nPyrex baking dishes became Phatlington\u0026rsquo;s swimming pool. Although there\nwas no way of knowing, it must have been days since Phatlington had had\na drink, for when he was first introduced to the swimming pool, he just\nlaid the first four inches of his body along the surface of the water\nand drank. And how he did drink! You could see his throat working as he\nswallowed the water. (subsequently, this became his routine when it was\ntime for his swim) After drinking he would slide into the water and just\nlaze about until he was ready to come out, usually five or seven minutes\nlater.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs weeks passed the snake seemed to be getting fatter. And this was\nstrange for it did not seem to eat anything each day it was taken\noutside and let out of the aquarium. In fact it never ventured far from\nthe place it now accepted as its home. Also, each day it liked the boy\nto handle it. It would weave in and out through his fingers, nestle in\nthe palm of his hand, lay over his wrist to be stroked. And it seemed\nfatter each day. Then suddenly, he became a she! And this is how it\nhappened.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne morning when the boy went down to the basement to tend to the snake\nhe just stood there and looked. Could he believe his eyes? Yes he could\nand gave a great shout and called his parents to come quickly. They came\non the run and all watched Phatlington give birth to four little baby\nsnakes, each four inches long, as big around as a piece of string, and\neach the perfect image of their mother!\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe boy and his parents were awestruck and very humble at having the\nprivilege of watching new life being given to the world. Phatlington and\nher family were happy in the aquarium. And here it must be explained\nthat it is next to impossible for a person who has never studied snakes\nbefore to tell a he from a she, and let it be known the snakes do not\ncare. I never did get the names of the little snakes straight, as each\nday I received reports of their activities and the whole snake family\nnow followed the same routine of time outdoors, swim, etc. as had been\nset-up for the mother. However tales of the adventures of one of the\nlittle guys intrigue me. He was named Explorer because his curiosity was\nalways taking him farther a field than any of the others dared to\nventure. I guess it reminded me of when I was a boy and always wanted to\nsee what was beyond the brook, or behind the next tree. I also felt a\nbit sad because I learned in time that if you do not venture now, you\nmay never venture at all. But I digress.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs Phatlington\u0026rsquo;s visit stretched into four interest filled months, her\nfamily dispersed. She became a little lethargic and her colour dulled\nand her eyes looked funny. Again the Internet provided the answer. She\nwas ready to shed her skin, a thing all snakes do. Two or three stones\nwere put in the aquarium for her to rub her face on. A snake rubs its\nface on something hard to loosen the skin around its head, then it just\ncrawls out of its skin. During the shedding period, snakes are very\nvulnerable and should be left strictly alone. The boy did this and next\nmorning he found Phatlington with brilliant new colours and perfect\nsemi-opaque, snake skin. One could see where the eyes were, the fine\nscales along the back, the large transverse scales on the belly that are\nused for locomotion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn another day as fall approached Phatlington seemed to become very\nsluggish and unwilling to move. Then she became very still indeed. Was\nshe preparing to hibernate? According to the experts on the Internet, it\nis next to impossible, even with best instruments to tell when a snake\nis hibernating or dead. There was nothing to do but wait. In a day or so\nit became apparent that Phatlington\u0026rsquo;s spirit had gone to wherever the\nspirits of snakes go when they are done with this place. So the boy\nreturned her body to the earth from where she came so her molecules\ncould again enter into the great cycle of life as the building blocks\nfor a seed, or blade of grass, or one of those tall regal thistles. But\nI like to think she will turn into a flower, a blue flax flower that\nbrings a bit of sky into the backyards of those who have the imagination\nto care.\u003c/p\u003e" }, { "title": "A Song for Bloody Geoff", "date_published": "2021-12-20T17:36:53-08:00", "date_modified": "2021-12-20T17:36:53-08:00", "id": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sinikka/a-song-for-bloody-geoff/", "url": "http://towardsfreedom.com/ithngys/services/website-design-hosting/tfold/tfzen/iwrters/sinikka/a-song-for-bloody-geoff/", "authors": [ { "name": "Sinikka" } ], "content_html": "\u003cp\u003eThere once was a sealer named Bryce\u003cbr\u003e\nWhose heart was as frigid as ice.\u003cbr\u003e\nHe clubbed \u0026rsquo;em and snagged \u0026rsquo;em\u003cbr\u003e\nThen brutally dragged \u0026rsquo;em;\u003cbr\u003e\nOf mercy he didn\u0026rsquo;t think twice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNow Bryce had some friends, it\u0026rsquo;s been told\u003cbr\u003e\nWhose souls had long since been sold.\u003cbr\u003e\nThey pandered and lied,\u003cbr\u003e\nGeoff Regan at side:\u003cbr\u003e\nA leader with morals \u0026ldquo;on hold\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGeoff\u0026rsquo;s greed was well-known in the land\u003cbr\u003e\n(He refused to have the slaughter banned.)\u003cbr\u003e\nHe sent the Coast Guard\u003cbr\u003e\nTo where ice floes were marred\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd more innocent deaths had been planned.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe sealers did torture and plunder;\u003cbr\u003e\nTheir savagery echoed like thunder.\u003cbr\u003e\nThe crimson blood flowed\u003cbr\u003e\nUnder death\u0026rsquo;s heavy load;\u003cbr\u003e\nOf justice - one can only wonder.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnd Regan of Fisheries fame\u003cbr\u003e\nSo willing to play the cruel game,\u003cbr\u003e\nA killer at heart,\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom his office took part\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd shoulders the brunt of the blame.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey say wickedness does have a price.\u003cbr\u003e\nThus, the crimes that have happened on ice\u003cbr\u003e\nWill always be there\u003cbr\u003e\nFor history to share\u003cbr\u003e\nAnd the world will remember the vice.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhere Bryce and his buddies will go\u003cbr\u003e\nIs a place of incredible woe.\u003cbr\u003e\nYet try to compare\u003cbr\u003e\nWhat their leader will bear\u003cbr\u003e\nSince his callousness funded the show.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaid the Devil, \u0026ldquo;I\u0026rsquo;ll trade my whole choir\u003cbr\u003e\nFor one white-collar thug, brute and liar.\u003cbr\u003e\nHow they pine for tradition;\u003cbr\u003e\nSoon they\u0026rsquo;ll howl in perdition\u003cbr\u003e\nWith ol\u0026rsquo; Geoff at the heart of my fire.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePermission granted by author to forward this limerick widely and to\nshare with Fisheries, the Canadian Prime Minister, the Queen of England,\nand anyone else on our planet who may be remotely interested. Anyone\nmusically inclined could add a tune to it and sing it at demos,\nparticularly in front of DFO offices.\u003c/p\u003e" } ] }